I've been on medication for months and it hasn't changed anything. I'm on 275mg Lamotrigine and 50g Seroquel. I don't know if I'm supposed to notice a difference or not but it's not working. For the Lamotrigine, my psychiatrist is increasing the dosage and it's got to the point where she asks each time if I'm noticing a difference. It makes me wonder if I'm supposed to be feeling something but I'm not. I'm getting closer to 300 which I hear is usually good enough to work but still nothing.
I have exams on Monday and I can't do this. My eyes are heavy and I have no energy or motivation. This fucking disease is going to ruin my future. I don't see the point in anything anymore. I'm so done with life. God is a prick for giving me this illness. if this continues I'm certain I'm gonna end up killing myself before 30 because I've been getting closer and closer every year.
I just need to say this because I have no one else to talk

I've been on medication for months and it hasn't changed anything. I'm on 275mg Lamotrigine and 50g Seroquel. I don't know if I'm supposed to notice a difference or not but it's not working. For the Lamotrigine, my psychiatrist is increasing the dosage and it's got to the point where she asks each time if I'm noticing a difference. It makes me wonder if I'm supposed to be feeling something but I'm not. I'm getting closer to 300 which I hear is usually good enough to work but still nothing.
I have exams on Monday and I can't do this. My eyes are heavy and I have no energy or motivation. This fucking disease is going to ruin my future. I don't see the point in anything anymore. I'm so done with life. God is a prick for giving me this illness. if this continues I'm certain I'm gonna end up killing myself before 30 because I've been getting closer and closer every year.
I just need to say this because I have no one else to talk

Title: Understanding Fentanyl: Uses, Risks, and Controversies
Introduction: Fentanyl, a potent synthetic opioid, has gained significant attention in recent years due to its role in the opioid epidemic. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of fentanyl, including its medical uses, associated risks, and the controversies surrounding its widespread misuse.
Medical Uses: Originally developed for managing severe pain, especially in cancer patients, fentanyl is an analgesic that is 50 to 100 times more potent than morphine. It is commonly used in medical settings for pain management during surgeries, chronic pain conditions, and palliative care.
Risk Factors: While fentanyl is effective in controlling pain when administered under medical supervision, its misuse poses serious health risks. The drug's high potency increases the likelihood of overdose, leading to respiratory depression and, in extreme cases, death. Illicitly manufactured fentanyl, often mixed with other substances, has been a major contributor to the rising number of opioid-related deaths.
Controversies and Illicit Use: The illicit use of fentanyl has sparked controversy and public health concerns. The drug is often clandestinely produced and added to other drugs, such as heroin or cocaine, without the user's knowledge. This has resulted in a surge in overdoses, as individuals may unintentionally consume lethal doses of the opioid.
Law Enforcement and Regulation: Governments and law enforcement agencies worldwide are grappling with the challenges posed by the illicit production and distribution of fentanyl. Efforts to regulate its manufacturing and distribution are ongoing, with stricter controls in place to prevent diversion into illegal channels.
Treatment and Harm Reduction: Addressing the fentanyl crisis requires a multi-faceted approach, including expanded access to addiction treatment, harm reduction strategies, and public awareness campaigns. Naloxone, an opioid receptor antagonist, has proven effective in reversing opioid overdoses and is increasingly available to first responders and the general public.
Conclusion: Fentanyl, with its remarkable pain-relieving properties, has become a double-edged sword in the realm of healthcare. While it serves a crucial role in medical settings, its misuse poses severe risks to public health. Efforts to combat the opioid epidemic must focus on education, regulation, and treatment to strike a balance between managing pain effectively and preventing the tragic consequences of its illicit use.
Narcan, also known by its generic name naloxone, is a medication used to rapidly reverse opioid overdose. It works by binding to the same receptors in the brain that opioids target, effectively reversing the life-threatening effects of opioid toxicity. Narcan is commonly administered in emergency situations where an individual is experiencing respiratory depression or unconsciousness due to opioid overdose.
Emergency responders, healthcare professionals, and even some non-professionals, such as family members of individuals at risk of opioid overdose, may carry naloxone. The medication is available in various forms, including nasal sprays and injectable formulations, making it accessible for different situations.
The prompt administration of Narcan can restore normal breathing and consciousness, providing crucial time for the affected person to receive further medical attention. It is an essential tool in harm reduction strategies aimed at preventing opioid-related deaths and is a key component of public health initiatives addressing the opioid epidemic.
Suboxone is a prescription medication used in the treatment of opioid dependence and addiction. It is a combination of two active ingredients: buprenorphine and naloxone.

1. Buprenorphine: This is a partial opioid agonist, meaning it binds to the same receptors in the brain that opioids bind to but with less intensity. It helps to reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms, allowing individuals in recovery to better manage their addiction.
   
2. Naloxone: Naloxone is an opioid receptor antagonist, which means it blocks the effects of opioids. When taken as directed, naloxone remains largely inactive. However, if someone were to misuse Suboxone by injecting it, the naloxone component can counteract the opioid effects, reducing the risk of misuse.
   

Suboxone is often prescribed as part of medication-assisted treatment (MAT), a comprehensive approach to opioid addiction that includes counseling, therapy, and support services. It can be used in the detoxification phase as well as for long-term maintenance therapy. The goal of Suboxone treatment is to help individuals gradually reduce their dependence on opioids, manage cravings, and improve their overall quality of life during recovery.
It's important to note that Suboxone should only be used under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional, as improper use or abrupt discontinuation can lead to withdrawal symptoms or other complications.
Precipitated withdrawal refers to the accelerated onset of withdrawal symptoms, often more severe than typical, when an opioid antagonist is introduced to the body. This occurs because the antagonist displaces the opioid from receptors, leading to a sudden and intense withdrawal reaction.
For example, if someone is currently dependent on opioids and receives a medication like naloxone or naltrexone, which are opioid antagonists, it can rapidly trigger withdrawal symptoms. This is a safety mechanism, as these medications are often used to reverse opioid overdose or as part of addiction treatment.
The term is commonly associated with medication-assisted treatment for opioid use disorder, where medications like buprenorphine (a partial opioid agonist) are used. If buprenorphine is administered before other full opioids have cleared from the system, it can displace those opioids from receptors, leading to precipitated withdrawal. This is why healthcare providers carefully time the initiation of medications like buprenorphine to avoid this intensified withdrawal reaction.
Understanding the potential for precipitated withdrawal is crucial in the context of addiction treatment to ensure safe and effective transitions between medications and to minimize discomfort for individuals in recovery.
Using Suboxone involves adherence to a specific treatment plan under the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional. Here are some key aspects related to the use of Suboxone:

1. Prescription and Medical Supervision: Suboxone is a prescription medication, and its use should be initiated and supervised by a qualified healthcare provider, typically in the context of medication-assisted treatment (MAT) for opioid use disorder.
   
2. Dosage: The healthcare provider will determine the appropriate dosage based on the individual's specific needs and response to the medication. It's essential to follow the prescribed dosage and not adjust it without consulting the healthcare provider.
   
3. Administration: Suboxone is often administered sublingually, meaning it is placed under the tongue and allowed to dissolve. This method allows for the absorption of the medication into the bloodstream.
   
4. Timing: The timing of Suboxone administration is crucial. It is often started when the individual is in a mild to moderate state of withdrawal to reduce the risk of precipitated withdrawal. The healthcare provider will provide guidance on the appropriate timing.
   
5. Regular Monitoring: During Suboxone treatment, individuals are regularly monitored by healthcare professionals to assess progress, manage side effects, and adjust the treatment plan as needed.
   
6. Counseling and Support: Suboxone is typically part of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes counseling, therapy, and support services. This holistic approach addresses both the physical and psychological aspects of opioid addiction.
   
7. Gradual Tapering: Depending on the treatment plan, there may be a gradual tapering of Suboxone dosage as the individual progresses in their recovery. Tapering is done under medical supervision to minimize withdrawal symptoms.
   
8. Avoiding Other Opioids: It's crucial to avoid the use of other opioids while taking Suboxone. Combining opioids can lead to dangerous interactions and diminish the effectiveness of the treatment.
   
9. Side Effects and Reporting: Like any medication, Suboxone may have side effects. Common side effects include headache, nausea, and constipation. Any unusual or severe side effects should be promptly reported to the healthcare provider.
   
10. Pregnancy Considerations: If an individual is pregnant or planning to become pregnant, it's important to discuss this with the healthcare provider, as the use of Suboxone during pregnancy requires careful consideration.
    

Always follow the guidance of your healthcare provider and inform them of any concerns or changes in your condition during Suboxone treatment. Successful recovery often involves a combination of medication, counseling, and support tailored to individual needs.
Suboxone, when used as prescribed under the supervision of a healthcare professional as part of medication-assisted treatment (MAT) for opioid use disorder, has a lower potential for abuse and addiction compared to full opioid agonists. This is because Suboxone contains buprenorphine, a partial opioid agonist, which has a ceiling effect on its opioid effects.
Buprenorphine's partial agonist properties mean that it activates opioid receptors in the brain to a lesser extent than full agonists like heroin or oxycodone. As a result, the euphoria and respiratory depression associated with opioid abuse are less pronounced with buprenorphine.
However, it's essential to emphasize that any medication, including Suboxone, should be taken exactly as prescribed by a healthcare professional. Misuse, such as taking larger doses or combining Suboxone with other substances, can increase the risk of dependence or addiction.
Abruptly stopping Suboxone can lead to withdrawal symptoms, emphasizing the importance of a gradual tapering plan under medical supervision when discontinuing the medication. It's crucial for individuals using Suboxone to work closely with their healthcare provider to ensure proper management of their opioid use disorder and to address any concerns or side effects during the course of treatment.
Withdrawal symptoms from Suboxone, or buprenorphine (the active ingredient in Suboxone), can occur when someone who has been using the medication for an extended period stops taking it abruptly. It's important to note that withdrawal symptoms can vary in intensity and duration based on factors such as the individual's overall health, the duration of Suboxone use, and the dosage.
Common withdrawal symptoms from Suboxone may include:

1. Nausea and vomiting
2. Diarrhea
3. Muscle aches and pains
4. Sweating
5. Insomnia or sleep disturbances
6. Anxiety
7. Irritability
8. Runny nose and teary eyes
9. Goosebumps (piloerection)
10. Dilated pupils

It's important to distinguish between withdrawal symptoms and precipitated withdrawal. Precipitated withdrawal can occur if someone takes Suboxone too soon after using a full opioid agonist, leading to a more rapid and intense onset of withdrawal symptoms.
Withdrawal from Suboxone is generally considered less severe than withdrawal from full opioid agonists, and the symptoms tend to peak within the first 72 hours after discontinuation. However, the duration and severity can vary from person to person.
If an individual is considering stopping Suboxone or adjusting their dosage, it's crucial to do so under the guidance of a healthcare professional. Tapering the medication gradually, rather than stopping abruptly, can help minimize withdrawal symptoms and increase the chances of a successful transition to recovery. Seeking support from healthcare providers, counselors, and support groups is essential during this process.
Kratom is a tropical tree native to Southeast Asia, specifically in countries like Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, and Myanmar. The leaves of the Kratom tree have been traditionally used for various purposes, including as a stimulant, a pain reliever, and to manage opioid withdrawal symptoms.
The active compounds in Kratom, called alkaloids, interact with opioid receptors in the brain, producing effects that can vary depending on the strain and dosage. These effects can include:

1. Stimulation: At lower doses, Kratom may act as a stimulant, promoting increased energy, alertness, and sociability.
   
2. Sedation: At higher doses, Kratom may have sedative effects, leading to relaxation and pain relief.
   
3. Pain Relief: Kratom has been used traditionally for its analgesic properties, and some people use it as a natural remedy for pain.
   
4. Mood Enhancement: Some users report improved mood and reduced anxiety after consuming Kratom.
   

However, it's important to note that Kratom is not regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and its safety and effectiveness for various uses have not been clinically proven. There are potential risks associated with Kratom use, including dependence, addiction, and adverse effects such as nausea, constipation, and increased heart rate.
Due to these concerns, Kratom has been a subject of regulatory scrutiny in various countries, with some regions imposing restrictions or outright bans on its sale and use. It is essential for individuals to exercise caution, seek reliable information, and consult with healthcare professionals before considering the use of Kratom, especially for medicinal purposes or to manage opioid withdrawal.
Methadone is a synthetic opioid medication used primarily in the treatment of opioid dependence, particularly in the context of medication-assisted treatment (MAT). It is a long-acting opioid agonist, meaning it activates the same opioid receptors in the brain that other opioids, like heroin or morphine, do.
Key points about Methadone include:

1. Opioid Dependence Treatment: Methadone is often used as a maintenance medication to help individuals reduce or quit the use of illicit opioids. It helps by reducing cravings and withdrawal symptoms.
   
2. Long-Lasting Effect: One significant advantage of methadone is its long duration of action. A single daily dose can help stabilize individuals, preventing the highs and lows associated with short-acting opioids.
   
3. Supervised Administration: In some cases, methadone is provided through supervised administration in specialized clinics to ensure proper use and minimize the risk of diversion.
   
4. Tolerance and Dependence: Like other opioids, individuals using methadone can develop tolerance and dependence. Therefore, the dosage needs to be carefully managed, and discontinuation should be done gradually under medical supervision.
   
5. Reduction of Illicit Drug Use: When used as part of a comprehensive treatment plan, methadone has been shown to reduce illicit opioid use, lower the risk of overdose, and improve overall health outcomes.
   
6. Potential Side Effects: Methadone can have side effects, including constipation, sweating, drowsiness, and changes in libido. It's important for individuals to report any adverse effects to their healthcare provider.
   
7. Regulated Use: The use of methadone is tightly regulated, and it is typically dispensed through specialized clinics or healthcare providers who are authorized to prescribe it for opioid use disorder treatment.
   

Methadone treatment is part of a broader approach that often includes counseling, therapy, and support services. It has been a valuable tool in harm reduction strategies aimed at addressing the opioid epidemic and helping individuals achieve and maintain recovery.
Narcotics Anonymous (NA) is a 12-step program that provides support for individuals recovering from addiction, particularly those struggling with substance abuse issues. It is important to note that NA, like other 12-step programs, does not have an official stance or opinion on specific medical treatments, including medication-assisted treatment (MAT) for withdrawal.
The approach to medication assistance in withdrawal can vary among individuals within the NA community. Some may find success and support in MAT, while others may choose alternative methods or prefer an abstinence-based approach. NA encourages individuals to share their experiences, strength, and hope, but it does not dictate specific treatment choices.
The primary focus of NA is on mutual support, fellowship, and following the 12-step principles, which include admitting powerlessness over addiction, seeking spiritual awakening, and helping others in recovery. Members of NA are encouraged to respect each other's choices and paths to recovery.
It's essential for individuals seeking support for addiction to find a treatment plan that aligns with their needs and values. Consulting with healthcare professionals, attending support groups, and considering various treatment options can be part of a comprehensive approach to recovery.
SMART Recovery (Self-Management and Recovery Training) is a science-based, secular alternative to traditional 12-step programs like Narcotics Anonymous. SMART Recovery emphasizes self-empowerment and utilizes evidence-based techniques to support individuals in overcoming addiction.
Regarding Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT), SMART Recovery takes a neutral stance. The program acknowledges that MAT, when prescribed and monitored by healthcare professionals, can be a valid and effective part of a comprehensive approach to addiction treatment. SMART Recovery recognizes that different individuals may have unique needs, and treatment plans should be tailored to the individual's circumstances.
SMART Recovery's focus is on teaching self-reliance, coping skills, and strategies for managing urges and behaviors associated with addiction. The program encourages participants to make informed decisions about their recovery, including the consideration of medications that may be prescribed by healthcare providers.
Ultimately, SMART Recovery emphasizes a holistic and individualized approach to recovery, allowing participants to choose the methods and tools that best suit their needs and align with their values. This includes being open to the potential benefits of MAT for some individuals as part of their overall recovery plan.
Several treatment modalities are available for individuals struggling with opioid use disorder. The most effective approach often involves a combination of different strategies. Here are some key treatment modalities for opioid addiction:

1. Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT): MAT involves the use of medications, such as methadone, buprenorphine (Suboxone), and naltrexone, to help manage cravings, reduce withdrawal symptoms, and support recovery. These medications are often used in combination with counseling and therapy.
   
2. Counseling and Behavioral Therapies: Various forms of counseling and behavioral therapies are crucial components of opioid addiction treatment. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), contingency management, motivational enhancement therapy, and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) are among the approaches used to address the psychological aspects of addiction and help individuals develop coping skills.
   
3. Support Groups and 12-Step Programs: Participating in support groups like Narcotics Anonymous (NA) or 12-step programs can provide valuable peer support, encouragement, and a sense of community for individuals in recovery.
   
4. Detoxification Programs: Medically supervised detoxification programs help individuals safely manage the acute withdrawal symptoms associated with stopping opioid use. These programs often serve as the initial phase of treatment.
   
5. Residential or Inpatient Treatment: Inpatient treatment programs provide a structured and supportive environment for individuals to focus on recovery. These programs may include a combination of medical supervision, counseling, and therapeutic activities.
   
6. Outpatient Treatment: Outpatient programs allow individuals to receive treatment while living at home. This flexibility can be beneficial for those with work or family commitments. Outpatient treatment often includes counseling, therapy, and medication management.
   
7. Holistic and Alternative Therapies: Some individuals find benefit from holistic approaches, such as acupuncture, yoga, meditation, or mindfulness practices. These can complement traditional treatment modalities and contribute to overall well-being.
   
8. Peer Recovery Support Services: Peer recovery support services involve individuals with lived experience in recovery providing support, guidance, and encouragement to others going through similar challenges.
   

The most effective treatment plans are often individualized, taking into account the specific needs, preferences, and circumstances of each person. Collaborating with healthcare professionals to develop a comprehensive and tailored approach can significantly enhance the chances of successful recovery from opioid addiction.
The withdrawal timeline for fentanyl, a potent synthetic opioid, can vary among individuals based on factors such as the duration and intensity of use, individual metabolism, and overall health. Fentanyl withdrawal symptoms typically start shortly after the last dose and follow a general timeline:

1. Early Symptoms (Within a few hours): Early withdrawal symptoms may include anxiety, restlessness, sweating, and increased heart rate. Individuals may also experience muscle aches and insomnia.
   
2. Peak Intensity (24-72 hours): Withdrawal symptoms usually peak within the first 24 to 72 hours after discontinuing fentanyl. During this time, individuals may experience more intense symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, dilated pupils, and flu-like symptoms.
   
3. Subsiding Symptoms (5-7 days): The most acute withdrawal symptoms generally begin to subside within about five to seven days. However, some symptoms, such as insomnia, anxiety, and mood swings, may persist for a more extended period.
   
4. Post-Acute Withdrawal Syndrome (PAWS): Some individuals may experience a more prolonged period of withdrawal symptoms known as post-acute withdrawal syndrome (PAWS). This can include lingering psychological symptoms such as anxiety, depression, irritability, and difficulty concentrating. PAWS can persist for weeks or even months.
   

It's crucial to note that fentanyl withdrawal can be challenging, and seeking professional help is recommended to manage symptoms safely and effectively. Medical supervision can provide support through the detoxification process, and healthcare professionals may use medications to alleviate specific withdrawal symptoms and improve the overall comfort of the individual.
The withdrawal process is highly individual, and some individuals may find additional support through counseling, therapy, and participation in support groups to address the psychological aspects of recovery. Always consult with healthcare professionals for guidance on the safest and most effective approach to fentanyl withdrawal.
Xylazine is a veterinary sedative and analgesic medication. It belongs to the class of drugs known as alpha-2 adrenergic agonists. While it is primarily intended for veterinary use, xylazine has been misused in some cases for recreational purposes, particularly in combination with other substances.
In veterinary medicine, xylazine is commonly used as a sedative and muscle relaxant for various procedures, including surgery and diagnostic imaging. It is often administered to calm and immobilize animals.
However, the use of xylazine outside of veterinary settings, especially when combined with other drugs, can pose serious health risks. Misuse of xylazine has been associated with adverse effects, including respiratory depression, cardiovascular issues, and central nervous system depression.
It's important to emphasize that the use of xylazine for recreational purposes is highly dangerous and illegal. The drug is not intended for human consumption, and its effects can be unpredictable and potentially life-threatening.
If you have concerns about substance use or encounter situations involving illicit drugs, it is crucial to seek help from healthcare professionals, addiction specialists, or local support services. Misuse of veterinary drugs or any substances not prescribed for human use can have severe consequences and should be avoided.
PAWS stands for Post-Acute Withdrawal Syndrome. It refers to a set of prolonged withdrawal symptoms that some individuals may experience after the acute phase of withdrawal from substances like opioids, benzodiazepines, or alcohol. PAWS is not limited to a specific substance and can occur with various drugs.
These symptoms are generally more subtle than the acute withdrawal symptoms but can persist for weeks, months, or, in some cases, years after discontinuing substance use. PAWS can vary widely among individuals and may include symptoms such as:

1. Mood swings
2. Anxiety
3. Irritability
4. Insomnia
5. Fatigue
6. Difficulty concentrating
7. Memory problems
8. Reduced impulse control
9. Cravings for the substance

PAWS can be challenging for individuals in recovery, as these lingering symptoms may contribute to relapse if not effectively managed. Supportive interventions, such as counseling, therapy, and participation in support groups, can be beneficial for individuals experiencing PAWS. Healthy lifestyle choices, including regular exercise, proper nutrition, and adequate sleep, may also contribute to the overall well-being of those in recovery.
It's important to note that PAWS is not experienced by everyone in recovery, and its severity and duration can vary. Seeking guidance from healthcare professionals or addiction specialists can assist individuals in managing PAWS and maintaining long-term recovery.
Quitting substance use "cold turkey" involves stopping the use of a substance abruptly without tapering or gradually reducing the dosage. It's important to note that quitting cold turkey can be challenging, and the level of difficulty varies depending on the substance, the duration and intensity of use, and individual factors.
If you're considering quitting a substance cold turkey, here are some general recommendations:

1. Seek Professional Guidance: Before making the decision to quit cold turkey, it's advisable to consult with a healthcare professional or addiction specialist. They can provide guidance based on your specific situation, assess potential risks, and offer support.
   
2. Create a Support System: Inform friends, family, or a support network about your decision to quit. Having a support system in place can provide encouragement, understanding, and assistance during challenging times.
   
3. Understand Withdrawal Symptoms: Be aware of potential withdrawal symptoms associated with quitting the substance cold turkey. Withdrawal symptoms can vary depending on the substance but may include anxiety, irritability, insomnia, and other physical or psychological effects.
   
4. Stay Hydrated and Nourished: Maintaining proper hydration and nutrition is crucial during the quitting process. Stay hydrated by drinking water and consuming a balanced diet to support your overall well-being.
   
5. Exercise: Engage in regular physical activity. Exercise can help alleviate stress, improve mood, and contribute to your overall physical and mental health.
   
6. Consider Professional Treatment: Depending on the substance and the severity of dependence, professional treatment options, such as inpatient or outpatient programs, may be beneficial. Medical supervision can assist in managing withdrawal symptoms and ensuring safety.
   
7. Therapy and Counseling: Consider participating in therapy or counseling to address the underlying factors contributing to substance use and to develop coping strategies for a successful recovery.
   
8. Plan for Triggers: Identify situations, environments, or emotions that may trigger the urge to use the substance. Develop a plan to cope with these triggers without resorting to substance use.
   

It's essential to approach quitting any substance with a comprehensive strategy, and individual circumstances vary. Seeking professional advice ensures that you make informed decisions about the best approach for your specific situation. If you are experiencing severe withdrawal symptoms or have concerns about quitting cold turkey, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional for guidance and support.
Tapering refers to the gradual reduction of the dosage of a substance, typically a medication or a drug, over a specific period. Tapering is commonly used in the context of addiction treatment, where it involves slowly decreasing the amount of a substance to manage withdrawal symptoms and minimize the risks associated with abrupt discontinuation.
Key points about tapering include:

1. Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT): Tapering is often part of medication-assisted treatment for substance use disorders. For example, individuals dependent on opioids might undergo a gradual tapering of medications like methadone or buprenorphine.
   
2. Reducing Dependence: Tapering is employed to reduce physical dependence on a substance by allowing the body to adjust to lower levels gradually. This helps minimize the severity of withdrawal symptoms.
   
3. Individualized Approach: Tapering plans are typically individualized based on factors such as the substance used, the duration and intensity of use, and the individual's overall health. Healthcare professionals design tapering schedules to meet the specific needs of each person.
   
4. Supervised Tapering: Tapering is ideally done under the supervision of a healthcare professional to ensure safety and effectiveness. This is particularly important in cases where abrupt discontinuation could lead to severe withdrawal symptoms or complications.
   
5. Psychological Support: Tapering is not only about physical adjustments but also addresses psychological aspects of dependence. It provides individuals with an opportunity to develop coping skills and strategies for managing life without reliance on the substance.
   
6. Preventing Relapse: Gradual tapering can help reduce the risk of relapse by easing the transition to complete abstinence. It gives individuals the time and support needed to adjust to life without the substance.
   

Tapering is a careful and structured process that should be guided by healthcare professionals. Abruptly stopping certain substances can lead to severe withdrawal symptoms and potential health risks. Seeking professional advice and support is crucial for a safe and successful tapering process, whether it's part of addiction treatment or the discontinuation of a prescribed medication.
Engaging in activities during withdrawal can help distract from symptoms, provide a sense of accomplishment, and contribute to overall well-being. Here are some ideas for keeping busy during withdrawal:

1. Reading: Escape into a good book or explore topics of interest to keep your mind occupied.
   
2. Movies or TV Shows: Watch movies or binge-watch a TV series to pass the time. Choose lighthearted or inspirational content.
   
3. Exercise: Engage in gentle exercises like walking, yoga, or stretching. Exercise can help improve mood and alleviate some withdrawal symptoms.
   
4. Creative Hobbies: Explore creative outlets such as drawing, painting, writing, or playing a musical instrument.
   
5. Mindfulness and Meditation: Practice mindfulness or meditation techniques to calm the mind and reduce stress.
   
6. Gardening: Spend time outdoors, tending to a garden or plants. Nature can have a positive impact on mood.
   
7. Puzzle Games: Solve puzzles, play Sudoku, or engage in other mentally stimulating games.
   
8. Listening to Music or Podcasts: Create playlists of your favorite music or listen to podcasts on topics of interest.
   
9. Cooking or Baking: Experiment with new recipes and treat yourself to nourishing meals.
   
10. Journaling: Write down your thoughts and feelings. Keeping a journal can be therapeutic during withdrawal.
    
11. Educational Courses: Take online courses or watch educational videos on platforms like Coursera or Khan Academy.
    
12. Board Games or Card Games: Play board games or cards with friends or family for some social interaction.
    
13. Self-Care Activities: Take relaxing baths, practice skincare routines, or indulge in other self-care activities to nurture your well-being.
    
14. Volunteering: If possible, consider volunteering for a cause you're passionate about. Helping others can be rewarding.
    
15. Stay Connected: Reach out to friends and family for support. Having a support system is crucial during withdrawal.
    

It's important to choose activities that align with your interests and energy levels. Remember that withdrawal is a challenging time, and it's okay to prioritize self-care. If symptoms become severe or unmanageable, seeking professional help is recommended.

I have autism and I've had these intense anger issues all my life. Usually in the form of screaming, breaking things, and self-harm. Whenever I get like this, I feel this kind of boundless energy that I need to expel. I don't want to feel like this, I don't want to do this. I'm 23 and I absolutely hate screaming at people. Often when it happens, I sink into these terrible lows once all my energy has burnt off and I feel horrible. My doctor at the college I've been attending has prescribed to me Lamotrigine. Increasing the dosage every once in a while. In late march (I think), I was on 25 mg, then 50 mg. Now I'm at 100 mg and I'm still not feeling any change. I'm so tired of feeling like this and I don't understand why I wasted my time with this fucking medicine if it's not helping me even slightly.

So I have had 3 seizures before. Over the course of 8 or so years. After the second one I started taking lamictal but the doctor was trying to switch me to something else, so we cut my lamictal dosage and half and I was supposed to be starting the other one. I don’t remember exactly what happened and yes maybe I am an idiot for not doing it right and I do feel dumb about it. But I was taking a less than therapeutic dose. 200 mg a day instead of 400. And I believe I was taking the 200XR. When I had the seizure the doc immediately did a blood test and found the level of lamotrigine in my body was not a therapeutic dose. I slowly increased my dosage to 400.
So now I take 400 mg, I have been tested and there is a therapeutic dose in my blood. I have not had any seizures since I started the proper dosage.
So after the second seizure is when I started the meds and about 2 years later I had another seizure. I was very sleep deprived, was mourning, hadn’t ate properly and was playing a music festival and it happened during my set. I say these bc they all can be factors.
Anyway it has been about 10 months since my last seizure. I have been gaining weight Ever since I can remember. I started an SSRI a while back that just made me gain more. I haven’t been able to go to the gym much bc I injured my wrist, I know I could still go but I want to play basketball and climb and not just sit on a machine the whole time. I want to be better at it but I am working towards getting more exercise.
The main problem with my diet is late at night. I will eat healthy all day and then at night I just want to eat trash and sugar sugar sugar. I have found that it is super effective for me to fast bc if I stop eating at a certain time I will consume no garbage and sugar that night bc I have already stopped eating.
My neuro said that keto or being in ketosis is effective in treating seizures and I have heard fasting is a big part of keto. My concern is that I did not have proper food in my body at the time of the last seizure. I am just wondering if intermittent fasting is ok or if it would put me more at risk for having a seizure. I know ketosis can achieved by the diet and or fasting. So kind of seems confusing.
I would appreciate any helpful or positive input.
Also side note in case it matters- I am also taking pantaprozale for acid reflux and recently started vyvanse again but am not taking it every day.
TIA! ❤️

I was recently taken off lamotrigine and put on Vraylar and I think it's working. My psychiatrist upped my dosage today to 3mg of it and he said it's that sometimes going to 3mg is not good and I would need to go back to the base dosage if there is not an improvement. Having Bipolar with BPD really sucks but I'm hoping this combo will help at least with the bipolar mega mood swings into depression and explosive anger. If anyone else can share your experience with Vraylar I would appreciate hearing about it, the good the bad and the horrible.

Hi I am 25f I have depression and anxiety and I was on and off therapy/meds for different periods of my life. at some point my depression had gotten really bad, along with overthinking and insomnia would trigger psychosis episodes that would last up to a week at a time. I was on Lexapro + Abilify for the past four years. When I started Lexapro I experienced psychosis also and my doc prescribed Seroquel for a while which helped me sleep and I did not experience psychosis since then
In January I quit Lexapro and Abilify without tapering off and been struggling a lot the main symptoms are constant crying and suicidality. When I look up the symptom by itself and also considering psychosis experiences in the past I kept running into search results about bipolar disorder and it had me worried what if I have bipolar. I was misdiagnosed with borderline personality in the past and getting the 'wrong treatment' really sucked. but since bipolar and sever depression have similar symptoms it should be fine right? I will see a new psychiatrist soon and I wont mention bipolar at all and see what he thinks? I was just wondering if somebody had major depressive disorder diagnosis before bipolar and what symptoms made the doctor diagnose you with bipolar? How do they tell the depressive v mania episodes are not just a part of the ups and downs of life? And how are the depressive v mania episodes different while youre on meds vs unmedicated? The more I think about it the more I see I might have bipolar disorder. Should I write down or try to identify the episodes to see how long they've lasted, maybe it will help the doctor decide?
Diagnosis and symptoms aside, I was just looking for advice or support. Ive had the psychiatrist number for almost a week and I have to make an appointment soon but I keep postponing it. I feel almost as if I dont wanna get better? its so weird and I feel guilty about it. I just felt like maybe a part of me can survive life without any drug (prescription or recreational). I keep worrying about it- if I get better what is the point because eventually I will fall into this state again and I have a deep believe inside my heart and brain that I will end up dying of suicide eventually in my life. Other than that I also feel kinda lazy, starting a new medication is a nightmare I hate all the side effects and figuring out the dosage and all the bullshit. I wish I was normal or had a healthy brain and it gives me suicidal thoughts when I think about it because is it possible to be content in life without worrying about your health all the time.

Ever since I increased my dosage of Lamotrigine (Lamictal), I constantly feel like I'm wearing a headband? It's just, like, a gentle squeezing around my forehead, down the back of my skull (base of my neck), and behind my ears. Is this a common experience?

Hey yall! So a few days ago I wrote a big post about my current state of mind and my definetly not healthy copeing mechanisms, but it got taken down by a bot for what I assume was "implied self harm".
Today I want to tell this story in a more positive light. Since my diagnose in late 2021 I had lots of ups and downs regarding my mental health. I applyed for therapy after getting diagnosed with moderate depression, but there werent any open spots around ANYWHERE. Well, fast forward to this february and I started falling into the darkest place so far with me most of the time not feeling strong enough to leave my room for weeks on end, started smoking regularly and started drinking all alone.
UNTIL TODAY! I opened up to two of my friends about all of this and for the first time since my first ever TC in 2021 I felt like things would get better for my mental health.
I had my llast seizure more than a year ago and my body is handling my dosage of 400mg lamotrigin pretty well, so the physical aspects of my epilepsy seem to be very well controlled. And now Im feeling confidant that with the support of my friends Ill eventually leave this last symptom behind me aswell.

Hello! I was very incorrectly misdiagnosed with bipolar 1 a few years ago when it turned out to be autism and c-ptsd, and I'm in the process of starting to come off of my medications. Seroquel is the first one to go as the side effects I experience are terrifying and my insurance company has stopped covering it. I do not think that Seroquel is inherently bad or dangerous, it just isn't something that has ever helped me because I didn't need it in the first place.
I'm having to decrease my dosage with the pills I have left. I've been on Seroquel 150 mg for about six months now, and I'm four days into a lower dose of 100 mg. I'm going to do five more days of 100 mg, and then seven days of 50 mg, followed by seven days of 25 mg, and then if I'm struggling with withdrawals 25 mg every other day for a week, and then 25 mg every three days for a week. This is the schedule I was told to follow by my doctor.
I'm feeling alright so far, aside from my stomach being a mess. I'm worried that it's only a matter of time before withdrawal symptoms hit. I usually do pretty well with coming off of medications (in the past I've quickly tapered off of lithium, lamotrigine, and lexapro without any issues), but I know that this one is a really high-powered.
Most of the withdrawal stories I've read have left me feeling extremely nervous about this whole process, especially because I'm having to taper off of the medication a lot faster than I would like to. Really, the bad stories have left me more panicked than anything that's going on in my actual body. For the most part I'm just ready to get off of this medication that has been hell for me.
Does anyone have a withdrawal success story to share, or any sort of reassurance? Did things such as exercise, looking after gut health, etc. help? Thank you!

Hello! Ive been diagnosed with my bestie bipolar type 2 for around 2 years now! But even before the diagnosis I have always been prone to “theatrics” (my parents LOVE to use this term about me hahaha). Its super embarrassing and I become ashamed with myself after having my emotional outbursts. Recently, I lost my wallet and it took me over the edge and I did engage in self harming behaviors over it from feeling like an idiot (I misplace things often). I am now so ashamed with myself from how I act while in these states. I convinced myself my partner was cheating on me from a simple selfie they sent me earlier this week and freaked out BAD. I didn’t self harm but I sobbed and had a depressive episode over the entire thing for the rest of the day only to be told it was all in my head (i never told them about my outburst over the selfie and i dont think i ever will). Is this common?? How do I stop or lessen these outbursts?? I’ve been on 200mg of lamotrigine for around a month now but no matter how high the dosage goes I can never shake the “dramatics” out of me. Does this improve??? Thanks for reading all of this.

A new patient(F45) mildly obese was brought in who was planned for ECT in a week. Though she might actually be bipolar (atleast on the spectrum). She was terrified of ECT.
She had severe depression including suicidality and severe agitation.
She was on Lithium 600mg/day (Started recently), Lamotrigine 200mg, Lexapro 20mg and clonazepam 1mg with quietiapine 50mg for sleep.
Since 2023 she'd been experiencing strange episodes according to her family.
Here's all the history and symptoms provided about these episodes since 2023 :

• Agitation/Inner restlessness: Unable to remain calm/sit still. Blaming all of her symptoms on this restlessness. When this comes the other symptoms which I'll mention come along too:
  
• Crying and shouting loudly (simply can not control this to sorta escape)
  
• Excessive anger and snapping at/blaming others for no reason: Involuntarily blame people for the most random and petty things who've been the most helpful and kind.
  
• Very Irritable.
  
• Suicidality (to escape the restlessness). Suicidal attempts in aggression where she had to be stopped with a lot of physical force.
  
• Guilt and worthlessness
  
• Irrational/Questionable decisions and behaviors were almost always noted by family members during these periods accompanied with extreme impatience.
  
• Energy: Being fatigued and unmotivated that she can't even move or do stuff. But at the same time having so much Energy to shout so loud and rip her chest open to escape the "agitation".
  
• Pupils were dilated when I saw her.
  

After her lexapro was increased to 20MG her symptoms have been just worsening and worsening including suicidality.
Benzos would do nothing even injectable ones for the agitation.
Then today when she came to me during the severe agitation I immediately thought of a mixed state. Gave her zyprexa and asked to taper down the lexapro.
After she took the zyprexa (sublingual) in about 2 hours experienced tremendous relief - felt calm, brain went silent and took a long nap quite refreshing. She wasn't bothered by people talking. She wasn't irritated. She just felt normal. The relief seemed never-ending.
It makes sense now how being put on lamictal back in 2023 put her into remission and it kept masking Lexapro's rebound effect(in bipolar)
I'm honestly unsure why high dose Lexapro was continued over a year (even though there was a clear worsening of symptoms with dosage increase) and why high dose benzodiazepines were constantly being used to control the agitation despite having little to no effect. Even effexor was started in cross-titration with Lexapro which further worsened her suicidality etc?
Sorta leaning towards ECT and later on adjusting the medications because it does seem to be severe and ECT it is quite effective though the patient wants to try the no-ssri approach.
If we do go with the latter approach, I plan on : - Switch to Vraylar for its good evidence in mixed states. Cariprazine is dirt cheap here.

• Stick to Lamotrigine and increase Lithium/ Switch to Valproate(Good evidence in mixed features).
  
• Wellbutrin for depression if it does not or only partially responds to psychotherapy.
  
• Gabapentin.
  
• Low dose Trazodone for insomnia.
  

Perhaps the increased energy from the (hypo)mania and the activation from the SSRI is resulting in the restlessness which explains the relief from Olanzapine. I've seen many hypomanic patients who'd get so restless that they wanted to crawl out of their own skin.
What's your go to treatment for mixed states? What about the efficacy of Lithium in mixed bipolarity? Which mood stabilizers seem to work best?

Hi all! This may be a stupid question, but should you keep increasing dosage until you don't have any seizures? (Note: I will not do anything before consulting a professional! I have an appointment booked with a specialist of course, but just curious to know people's experience) I have heard that meds will generally stop seizures but not myoclonic jerks (my warning for a seizure). Just curious with anyone's experience - if i have the jerks, i have to cancel plans etc as it could mean im going to have a seizure so its still ruining my life. but since going on lamotrigine, i seem to be having more jerks, but less full seizures. I had my first seizure in a while a few days ago so assume the doc will increase dose.
currently on 100mg lamotrigine twice daily.
Also - any supplements that people take that help with brain functions/good sleep?
Thanks a lot :)

Reddit Request: AskDocs
Can someone please help me with questions I should make sure to write down and ask at my rheumatology appointment?
I am in so much pain, and I’d like to be as thorough as possible with this new doctor from the get-go in order to help me get a diagnosis. I know I will panic and/or forget what to ask. Any help/guidance would be much appreciated!
I’m having a “good” hand/wrist day, so here we go…
38F, 5'4", 185lbs, South Asian, very little drinking, no smoking or recreational drugs.
Currently experiencing the following symptoms:

• SEVERE joint pain - has been continuously present for two weeks as of today.
  • Will reach the point of not being able to stand/walk some days or use my hands/wrists. It starts as a deep ache and then spreads to other joints until finally I’m just on fire. Will get worse if I’m touched, jostled or have to move when it’s that bad.
  • Present everywhere, and I really mean everywhere: fingers, hands, wrists, elbows, shoulders, neck/back, hips, knees, ankles, feet.
  • Sometimes bilateral, sometimes not.
  • No joint swelling or redness
  • Seems to get worse at night
  • Joints are also cracking much, much more than usual.
• Severe fatigue and exhaustion. Sometimes I need more than one nap in a day in order to keep going.
• Some intermittent muscle weakness
• Hair loss (scalp and lashes mostly, a little bit eyebrows.)
• Facial swelling and puffiness:
  • Eyelids/brow bone
  • Front of my cheeks along sides of nose.
  • Around my mouth
  • Around outer sides of face and under chin/on my neck.
• Random feeling of chills/shivers, sometimes accompanied by low-grade fever (around 99 or thereabouts.)
• Difficulty losing weight, honestly near impossible.
  • Even when eating well (getting enough calories, protein, fiber, hydration, etc. to properly fuel a grown active woman’s body) and exercising, I have netted out at gaining weight over time instead.
• Nail ridging
• Brain Fog
• Libido: dead and sorely missed.
• Mood in the shitter, but maybe because I’m just sad/anxious about all of this.
• Most recent blood test results from end of Feb, no active flares at that time:
  • https://ibb.co/Hg6q3TK
  • https://ibb.co/t8Byk5T
  • https://ibb.co/phsfHpS
• Is this a malar rash?…
  • https://ibb.co/R7sj3n8

Current diagnoses and related medications:

• ADHD: 15mg adderall, 3x/week.
  • I haven’t been taking these during this flare up because there’s nothing in the tank for them to work with and it would be a waste.
• Perimenopause/early-atrophied ovary: Junel Fe 1.5/30
  • This will likely change to a different medication with an increased hormonal dosage as this isn’t really working well.

Family history (that I’m aware of…):

• So. Much. Hypothyroidism and Hashimoto’s on mother’s side. At least one person with Sjogren's.
• Heart disease on father’s side.

Are there any specific tests I should make sure to ask for? Any symptoms I need to expand on/track further?
Again, any help at all is extremely appreciated! Thank you in advance!

CBD gummies are a hot wellness trend on social media, and you’re looking to try them for yourself. That’s great. At NutraHolistics, we sampled gummies from brands across the UK to assess the best options for your CBD experience. Here are our top choices.

Best CBD Gummies

1 Blessed CBD – The Best Overall CBD Gummies in the UK

Blessed CBD gets the nod for the best CBD gummies available in the UK. These delicious edibles feature formulation with CBD isolate containing pure cannabidiol and no THC. The CO2 extraction ensures no contaminants, and Blessed CBD products are NSF-certified, with COAs on the site for every batch.
These CBD gummies contain 25mg of CBD cannabinoids each (750mg in the bottle), making them a good choice for beginners and experienced users alike. You get 30 servings per bottle, and the price is great, with discounts for members and savings when you order a two-pack deal. The tropical mix flavor is great, giving you a sweet surprise with every gummy.

Pros

·Good balanced potency per gummy.
·Excellent flavor.
·Great pricing, with discounts for members and bundle deals.
·NSF-certified.

Cons

·Only one strength is available.
·No options for single flavors.

2 Vibes CBD – The Best CBD Gummies in the UK Runner-Up

Vibes gets our award for the runner up in this review. The brand offers a fruit mix of gummies with an updated formula, and excellent flavour. There’s 25mg of CBD isolate in each gummy and 500mg total in the can. You get 20 gummies per tin, and it’s completely THC-free.
Vibes uses third-party labs for testing its CBD, so you know it’s premium quality, and you can sign up for the mailing list to save 10% on your order. Like Blessed, these gummies are a good choice for beginners and experienced users, but they lack in the quantity department, giving you 30% fewer gummies per can. However, it’s still a great deal.

Pros

·Improved & refined formula.
·Great flavors and mixed variety per can.
·Decent pricing.
·Good choice for experienced users and beginners.

Cons

·Limited strength for experienced users.
·No single flavor options.

3 Supreme CBD – The Best Dosage Range for CBD Gummies in the UK

Supreme CBD has a great range, with options for gummy bears and cubes. The dosage measures between 16mg to 25mg per gummy, with the strawberries being the most potent option. It’s a good brand for beginners, but experienced users might find it a bit lacking in potency for most of the products.
The flavor range is good, but there’s no option for mixed fruit flavors, so you might get a bit tired eating out of the same bag every day. Supreme uses CBD isolate in their edibles, and every batch is tested by third-party labs for purity and efficacy.

Pros

·Good flavor range.
·Best choice for beginners.
·Cubes, gummy bears, and strawberries available.
·Varying potency range.

Cons

·Not a great choice for experienced users.
·Single-flavor options might get a bit tiring on your tastebuds.
·Small servings per bag.

#4 Just CBD – The Widest Selection of CBD Gummies in the UK

Just CBD products are great value for money, and they have a great selection of gummy edibles including sour worms, peach rings, mixed berry CBD gummies, and more. You can choose your jar size, ranging from 3,000mg to 250mg, and pricing is a bit to the higher end of the scale, but it’s still good value.
Just CBD uses THC-free CBD isolate in its gummies, and the selection of gummy styles is the standout feature of this brand. You have options for gummies ranging from 8mg to 31mg potency in each edible.

Pros

·Great selection of gummy products.
·Plenty of good customer reviews.
·Good range of strength options.

Cons

·Imported brand.
·Slightly expensive.

#5 Reakiro – The Best High-Strength CBD Gummies in the UK

Reakiro doesn’t play around with their gummy range. This brand offers dosages of up to 50mg per gummy, making them the highest-strength option in this review and a good choice for experienced CBD users.
They also offer full-spectrum CBD, so you might want to avoid this brand if you’re looking for a THC-free option. The prices are a bit steep, and the flavor range is limited, with cherry, orange, and apple & Lemon.

Pros

·Best choice for experienced users.
·Options from 10mg to 50mg per edible.

Cons

·Limited flavor range.
·Full-spectrum CBD is not suitable for people who want to avoid THC.
·A bit pricey.

#6 CBDfx – The Best Imported Range of CBD Gummies in the UK

CBDfx is a premium US Colorado brand available in the UK, with a great range of gummies. However, they use full-spectrum CBD, so there’s trace THC in the edibles. The brand also has higher-THC cannabis options, but those aren’t available in the UK. CBDfx has a great reputation, and good customer reviews.
CBDfx CBD products feature gummies ranging in potency up to 6,000mg per jar, making them more suitable for the experienced user. The biggest drawback is the gummy texture, and they’re more chewy than other options.

Pros

·Imported brand with a good reputation.
·Suitable for experienced users.

Cons

·Gummy texture and mouthfeel are a little off-putting.
·No THC-free options.

#7 Edens Gate – The Best Mid-Strength Range of CBD Gummies in the UK

Edens Gate is another premium UK brand offering excellent high-quality CBD edibles. You get multi-flavor jars with gummy bear edibles that are soft and sweet for an excellent mouthfeel. Dosage options range from 100mg to 1,800mg per jar.
However, the company frequently sells out of the most popular options and takes a few weeks to restock its supply, so keep checking back for availability.

Pros

·Good choice for beginner to intermediate users.
·Multi-flavor bottles.

Cons

·Lacking a high-strength option.
·Problems with the availability of some products.

#8 CBDiablo – The Best Vegan-Friendly Range of CBD Gummies in the UK

CBDiablo is our top choice for candy-style, gluten-free, non-GMO CBD edibles suitable for the vegan-friendly lifestyle. There’s a limited range, with options for 5-piece and 30-piece bags.
There’s only one flavor which is a bit limiting, and the 10mg strength makes them great for beginners, but not the best choice for experienced users.

Pros

·Vegan-friendly.
·Great gummy mouthfeel.

Cons

·No high-strength options.
·Expensive for smaller bag sizes.
·Limited flavor range.

#9 Provacan – The Best CBD Gummies in the UK for Beginners

If you’re a beginner looking to dabble in CBD gummies, Provocan has you covered. It offers CBD gummies in 10mg strength, with 50-unit and 100-unit bag options. The gummies are bursting with flavor and have a great mouthfeel.
However, Provocan is a premium brand, and the gummies are a little pricey, considering the milligram strength available. Experienced users should avoid this option and go with something stronger.

Pros

·Great choice for beginners.
·Premium brand.

Cons

·Expensive.
·Limited flavor range.
·Not suitable for experienced users.

#10 Bristol CBD – The Best Premium Vegan Edible Range in the UK

If you’re looking for a high-end vegan-friendly gummy, try Bristol CBD. This company has a great reputation, and its gummies come in a delicious cherry flavor with 25mg of CBD isolate in every edible.
Bristol CBD uses organic ingredients, and there are potential benefits to being environmentally friendly and cruelty-free, which should be considered when choosing these gummies. We wish they had more flavor options.

Pros

·Good strength per gummy.
·Vegan-friendly.
·Premium ingredients.

Cons

·Limited flavor options.
·Pricey.

What We Considered When Assessing the Best CBD Gummy Brands

Understanding CBD Oil – Broad Spectrum CBD Vs. Full-Spectrum CBD Gummies

Full-spectrum CBD gummies feature some residual THC, usually under 0.3% in the formula. Broad-spectrum CBD products and CBD isolate gummies from the hemp plant don’t contain any THC at all. However, all three forms of CBD contain cannabidiol cannabinoids.
Full-spectrum gummies provide an “entourage effect” that’s more holistic, while broad-spectrum CBD gummies from hemp extract or cornbread hemp extract don’t have the same effect on users. It’s a very different experience from gummy bears made with cannabis.

Flavors & Range

Most CBD edibles contain trace amounts of terpenes combined with a berry flavor or other natural flavors like watermelon. Some might even contain additional ingredients like turmeric to remove inflammation in the digestive system. Look for gummies with natural ingredients and avoid products with corn syrup used in the flavoring.

Strength & Effect

Full spectrum CBD gummies offer you the best wellness effects from the cannabis plant, interacting with the body’s endocannabinoid system (ECS) for the desired effects. The amount of CBD in the formulation determines the effect as the CBD interacts with the CBD receptors in the ECS.
Beginners should pay attention to the amount of CBD in the gummies and choose a lower dose to start. Look at the product description for the mg of CBD in the gummy. Optimizing your dose of CBD to your tolerance is the best way to have a pleasant experience.

Third-Party Tested CBD

Your gummy brand should offer third-party lab testing and lab reports on the gummies for concentrations of CBD. The third-party lab tests the CBD used in the gummy formulation for heavy metals, pesticides, and contaminants to ensure you get a safe and effective product. The certificate of analysis (COA) shows if the gummies are THC-free and the type of extraction method. The FDA doesn’t regulate the market, so COAs are important to ensure product safety.

Price & Value

Look for products offering a money-back guarantee. These brands are willing to stake their reputation on your user experience. Some products cost more than others, so choose wisely and get a balance between price and efficacy when selecting your gummies.

Reputation & Customer Reviews

What are people saying about their experience with the brand? Check out Google reviews and what people are saying on social media to get an idea of the quality of the gummies and the benefits of the user experience.

The Benefits of CBD Gummies, The Effects of CBD Gummies & Side Effects

CBD gummies are a safe wellness product. They can assist with pain relief from chronic pain symptoms (Although, there is no medical evidence showing this wellness effect, see our disclaimer later in this buyer’s guide).
Some users might experience minor side effects like drowsiness or dry mouth, but the benefits of CBD gummies far outweigh the cons. If you’re using any medication, consult your healthcare professional before ordering CBD gummies.

THC Vs. CBD Edibles – What’s the Difference?

THC edibles contain the psychoactive substance THC, while CBD gummies will only contain up to 0.3% THC. THC gummies make you feel high, while CBD gummies don’t have a psychoactive effect. CBD gummies are more for wellness and well-being, and THC gummies are a recreational drug.

Wrapping Up – A Quick Disclaimer on CBD Health Benefits

CBD gummies are a tasty treat and a great way to improve your sleep quality and reduce stress. However, it’s important to note that there is no medical evidence surrounding these claims. That said, there’s plenty of anecdotal reports from users saying how using these gummies changed their lives. Give it a try yourself and buy CBD gummies from one of the brands on our top 10 list.

The 10 Best CBD Gummies in the UK – FAQs

Q: Why choose CBD gummies over oils or tinctures?
A: There are plenty of CBD products on the market. Top brands use CBD isolate in CBD edibles, tinctures, and CBD capsules, ensuring you get the purest form of cannabidiol. There are different types of CBD, and high-quality CBD products contain full-spectrum CBD to achieve the best results.
Q: What experience can I expect from eating CBD gummies?
A: The cannabinoids in the cannabidiol found in CBD gummies will soothe your nervous system. The effects of CBD gummies improve your well-being and lower the stress response (see our disclaimer surrounding wellness and CBD). Most first-time CBD gummy users will get a similar experience to using creams and other topical or vape pens. There’s no psychoactive effect, just a calming feeling that washes over you. Most organic CBD gummy brands are gluten-free and suitable for vegans, but that’s not the case with all of them, so check the label before buying.
Q: Do CBD gummies get me high? Can I use them if I’m part of a sports drug-testing program?
A: No. CBD gummies contain less than 0.3% THC, so they won’t get you high. The FDA and USDA recognize them as supplements. While they feature cannabis in the formulation, there’s no THC and no risk of feeling high for CBD users.
Q: Do CBD gummies have an herbal flavor, or will I taste traces of plant material?
A: CBD gummies feature pure CBD extract and CBD oil as the base ingredient in the formula. However, leading CBD brands filter the plant material out of the extract and the terpenes, leaving behind pure CBD and nothing else. The gummies in this review are sweet and satisfying, with no earthy taste.
Your Trusted Guide to the Best CBD Gummies of 2024 - With NutraHolistics and Nathalia Hoedjes: NutraHolistics, a renowned Dutch wellness retailer, and expert tester Nathalia Hoedjes, bring you a detailed buyer's guide to the best CBD gummies. We provide critical information about the concentration, ingredients, and the sourcing of each product, alongside third-party test results. While we may earn commissions for purchases, our reviews are strictly neutral. Consulting a healthcare professional about CBD is advised.Pros
·Best choice for experienced users.
·Options from 10mg to 50mg per edible.

Cons

·Limited flavor range.
·Full-spectrum CBD is not suitable for people who want to avoid THC.
·A bit pricey.

#6 CBDfx – The Best Imported Range of CBD Gummies in the UK

CBDfx is a premium US Colorado brand available in the UK, with a great range of gummies. However, they use full-spectrum CBD, so there’s trace THC in the edibles. The brand also has higher-THC cannabis options, but those aren’t available in the UK. CBDfx has a great reputation, and good customer reviews.
CBDfx CBD products feature gummies ranging in potency up to 6,000mg per jar, making them more suitable for the experienced user. The biggest drawback is the gummy texture, and they’re more chewy than other options.

Pros

·Imported brand with a good reputation.
·Suitable for experienced users.

Cons

·Gummy texture and mouthfeel are a little off-putting.
·No THC-free options.

#7 Edens Gate – The Best Mid-Strength Range of CBD Gummies in the UK

Edens Gate is another premium UK brand offering excellent high-quality CBD edibles. You get multi-flavor jars with gummy bear edibles that are soft and sweet for an excellent mouthfeel. Dosage options range from 100mg to 1,800mg per jar.
However, the company frequently sells out of the most popular options and takes a few weeks to restock its supply, so keep checking back for availability.

Pros

·Good choice for beginner to intermediate users.
·Multi-flavor bottles.

Cons

·Lacking a high-strength option.
·Problems with the availability of some products.

#8 CBDiablo – The Best Vegan-Friendly Range of CBD Gummies in the UK

CBDiablo is our top choice for candy-style, gluten-free, non-GMO CBD edibles suitable for the vegan-friendly lifestyle. There’s a limited range, with options for 5-piece and 30-piece bags.
There’s only one flavor which is a bit limiting, and the 10mg strength makes them great for beginners, but not the best choice for experienced users.

Pros

·Vegan-friendly.
·Great gummy mouthfeel.

Cons

·No high-strength options.
·Expensive for smaller bag sizes.
·Limited flavor range.

#9 Provacan – The Best CBD Gummies in the UK for Beginners

If you’re a beginner looking to dabble in CBD gummies, Provocan has you covered. It offers CBD gummies in 10mg strength, with 50-unit and 100-unit bag options. The gummies are bursting with flavor and have a great mouthfeel.
However, Provocan is a premium brand, and the gummies are a little pricey, considering the milligram strength available. Experienced users should avoid this option and go with something stronger.

Pros

·Great choice for beginners.
·Premium brand.

Cons

·Expensive.
·Limited flavor range.
·Not suitable for experienced users.

#10 Bristol CBD – The Best Premium Vegan Edible Range in the UK

If you’re looking for a high-end vegan-friendly gummy, try Bristol CBD. This company has a great reputation, and its gummies come in a delicious cherry flavor with 25mg of CBD isolate in every edible.
Bristol CBD uses organic ingredients, and there are potential benefits to being environmentally friendly and cruelty-free, which should be considered when choosing these gummies. We wish they had more flavor options.

Pros

·Good strength per gummy.
·Vegan-friendly.
·Premium ingredients.

Cons

·Limited flavor options.
·Pricey.

What We Considered When Assessing the Best CBD Gummy Brands

Understanding CBD Oil – Broad Spectrum CBD Vs. Full-Spectrum CBD Gummies

Full-spectrum CBD gummies feature some residual THC, usually under 0.3% in the formula. Broad-spectrum CBD products and CBD isolate gummies from the hemp plant don’t contain any THC at all. However, all three forms of CBD contain cannabidiol cannabinoids.
Full-spectrum gummies provide an “entourage effect” that’s more holistic, while broad-spectrum CBD gummies from hemp extract or cornbread hemp extract don’t have the same effect on users. It’s a very different experience from gummy bears made with cannabis.

Flavors & Range

Most CBD edibles contain trace amounts of terpenes combined with a berry flavor or other natural flavors like watermelon. Some might even contain additional ingredients like turmeric to remove inflammation in the digestive system. Look for gummies with natural ingredients and avoid products with corn syrup used in the flavoring.

Strength & Effect

Full spectrum CBD gummies offer you the best wellness effects from the cannabis plant, interacting with the body’s endocannabinoid system (ECS) for the desired effects. The amount of CBD in the formulation determines the effect as the CBD interacts with the CBD receptors in the ECS.
Beginners should pay attention to the amount of CBD in the gummies and choose a lower dose to start. Look at the product description for the mg of CBD in the gummy. Optimizing your dose of CBD to your tolerance is the best way to have a pleasant experience.

Third-Party Tested CBD

Your gummy brand should offer third-party lab testing and lab reports on the gummies for concentrations of CBD. The third-party lab tests the CBD used in the gummy formulation for heavy metals, pesticides, and contaminants to ensure you get a safe and effective product. The certificate of analysis (COA) shows if the gummies are THC-free and the type of extraction method. The FDA doesn’t regulate the market, so COAs are important to ensure product safety.

Price & Value

Look for products offering a money-back guarantee. These brands are willing to stake their reputation on your user experience. Some products cost more than others, so choose wisely and get a balance between price and efficacy when selecting your gummies.

Reputation & Customer Reviews

What are people saying about their experience with the brand? Check out Google reviews and what people are saying on social media to get an idea of the quality of the gummies and the benefits of the user experience.

The Benefits of CBD Gummies, The Effects of CBD Gummies & Side Effects

CBD gummies are a safe wellness product. They can assist with pain relief from chronic pain symptoms (Although, there is no medical evidence showing this wellness effect, see our disclaimer later in this buyer’s guide).
Some users might experience minor side effects like drowsiness or dry mouth, but the benefits of CBD gummies far outweigh the cons. If you’re using any medication, consult your healthcare professional before ordering CBD gummies.

THC Vs. CBD Edibles – What’s the Difference?

THC edibles contain the psychoactive substance THC, while CBD gummies will only contain up to 0.3% THC. THC gummies make you feel high, while CBD gummies don’t have a psychoactive effect. CBD gummies are more for wellness and well-being, and THC gummies are a recreational drug.

Wrapping Up – A Quick Disclaimer on CBD Health Benefits

CBD gummies are a tasty treat and a great way to improve your sleep quality and reduce stress. However, it’s important to note that there is no medical evidence surrounding these claims. That said, there’s plenty of anecdotal reports from users saying how using these gummies changed their lives. Give it a try yourself and buy CBD gummies from one of the brands on our top 10 list.

hey guys i have a lot of health problems here's a list: bipolar 1 (rapid cycling), ADHD (combined type), hypogammaglobulinemia (immune disorder), eustachian tube dysfunction, chronic gastritis (unknown cause), insomnia, anxiety, severe depression, obesity (caused by taking medication weight gain). I take 10 different medications a day. and I fear that i'll cause myself to reject medications if i keep going on like this. I know i need it, but why does it have to be so many? What can I do to soothe myself from this anxiety I feel building up? Any advice or anyone share this experience? I've been taking pills for a long time, i have gotten bilateral ear infections since i was 7 months old so I'm used to swallowing big pills (antibiotics) like that. As a child I used to take handfuls of melatonin to fall asleep every night because my ADHD kept me up and the more tolerance i built the bigger the pill. I'm 20 now and the pill list just keeps growing and i know that i need these pills to get better but i feel sick after swallowing so many every day. I swallow them and my whole body starts shivering and I feel disgusted. When I was 18 I got hives and i was taking 2-3 handfulls of different medication twice a day. Every morning and night. Eventually my immune system gave out and now I have an immune disorder from taking so many steroids trying to help myself get better and the hives didn't go away I ended up having to take an immunosuppressant for 2 months.
10 medications, 13 pills: Morning: Lamotrigine 100mg Phentermine 37.5mg Dextroamphetamine 15mg XR Pantoprazole 20mg delayed release Metformin I just started idk the dosage but they're very large pills i'm supposed to take 3 of them (thats 7 pills) Nightly: Trazodone 150mg Lamotrigine 200mg Clonidine .01mg Lithium 300mg x2 Pantoprazole 20mg delayed release (6 pills) Lets not forget my as needed that I frequently need! I take 2 Allegra and 2 Zertec day and night because my seasonal allergies cause me to get sick quickly. That's 17 pills. Then I have hydroxyzine 25mg as needed. Thats 18 pills. Then I have something I should be taking every day but I cannot get myself to take Sucralfate 100ml. Not a pill but that would be 19 if i took it as a pill but i chose liquid form
i'm tired. i avoid as much as i can during the day taking them more and more frequently. even right now i'm trying to avoid taking my nighttime pills. i need help.

Hi everyone I am currently on 200mg of lamotrigine, and want to go down to atleast 150 to start. I am having sexual dysfunction and despite my loving partners attempt to get me off I can't OG without a toy.. and she's doing everything right and hitting the right spot as well...but it's like I'm almost there and then it stops. Anyway, just wanna hear good stories that maybe going down in dosage will help. TIA

Title: Understanding Fentanyl: Uses, Risks, and Controversies
Introduction: Fentanyl, a potent synthetic opioid, has gained significant attention in recent years due to its role in the opioid epidemic. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of fentanyl, including its medical uses, associated risks, and the controversies surrounding its widespread misuse.
Medical Uses: Originally developed for managing severe pain, especially in cancer patients, fentanyl is an analgesic that is 50 to 100 times more potent than morphine. It is commonly used in medical settings for pain management during surgeries, chronic pain conditions, and palliative care.
Risk Factors: While fentanyl is effective in controlling pain when administered under medical supervision, its misuse poses serious health risks. The drug's high potency increases the likelihood of overdose, leading to respiratory depression and, in extreme cases, death. Illicitly manufactured fentanyl, often mixed with other substances, has been a major contributor to the rising number of opioid-related deaths.
Controversies and Illicit Use: The illicit use of fentanyl has sparked controversy and public health concerns. The drug is often clandestinely produced and added to other drugs, such as heroin or cocaine, without the user's knowledge. This has resulted in a surge in overdoses, as individuals may unintentionally consume lethal doses of the opioid.
Law Enforcement and Regulation: Governments and law enforcement agencies worldwide are grappling with the challenges posed by the illicit production and distribution of fentanyl. Efforts to regulate its manufacturing and distribution are ongoing, with stricter controls in place to prevent diversion into illegal channels.
Treatment and Harm Reduction: Addressing the fentanyl crisis requires a multi-faceted approach, including expanded access to addiction treatment, harm reduction strategies, and public awareness campaigns. Naloxone, an opioid receptor antagonist, has proven effective in reversing opioid overdoses and is increasingly available to first responders and the general public.
Conclusion: Fentanyl, with its remarkable pain-relieving properties, has become a double-edged sword in the realm of healthcare. While it serves a crucial role in medical settings, its misuse poses severe risks to public health. Efforts to combat the opioid epidemic must focus on education, regulation, and treatment to strike a balance between managing pain effectively and preventing the tragic consequences of its illicit use.
Narcan, also known by its generic name naloxone, is a medication used to rapidly reverse opioid overdose. It works by binding to the same receptors in the brain that opioids target, effectively reversing the life-threatening effects of opioid toxicity. Narcan is commonly administered in emergency situations where an individual is experiencing respiratory depression or unconsciousness due to opioid overdose.
Emergency responders, healthcare professionals, and even some non-professionals, such as family members of individuals at risk of opioid overdose, may carry naloxone. The medication is available in various forms, including nasal sprays and injectable formulations, making it accessible for different situations.
The prompt administration of Narcan can restore normal breathing and consciousness, providing crucial time for the affected person to receive further medical attention. It is an essential tool in harm reduction strategies aimed at preventing opioid-related deaths and is a key component of public health initiatives addressing the opioid epidemic.
Suboxone is a prescription medication used in the treatment of opioid dependence and addiction. It is a combination of two active ingredients: buprenorphine and naloxone.

1. Buprenorphine: This is a partial opioid agonist, meaning it binds to the same receptors in the brain that opioids bind to but with less intensity. It helps to reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms, allowing individuals in recovery to better manage their addiction.
   
2. Naloxone: Naloxone is an opioid receptor antagonist, which means it blocks the effects of opioids. When taken as directed, naloxone remains largely inactive. However, if someone were to misuse Suboxone by injecting it, the naloxone component can counteract the opioid effects, reducing the risk of misuse.
   

Suboxone is often prescribed as part of medication-assisted treatment (MAT), a comprehensive approach to opioid addiction that includes counseling, therapy, and support services. It can be used in the detoxification phase as well as for long-term maintenance therapy. The goal of Suboxone treatment is to help individuals gradually reduce their dependence on opioids, manage cravings, and improve their overall quality of life during recovery.
It's important to note that Suboxone should only be used under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional, as improper use or abrupt discontinuation can lead to withdrawal symptoms or other complications.
Precipitated withdrawal refers to the accelerated onset of withdrawal symptoms, often more severe than typical, when an opioid antagonist is introduced to the body. This occurs because the antagonist displaces the opioid from receptors, leading to a sudden and intense withdrawal reaction.
For example, if someone is currently dependent on opioids and receives a medication like naloxone or naltrexone, which are opioid antagonists, it can rapidly trigger withdrawal symptoms. This is a safety mechanism, as these medications are often used to reverse opioid overdose or as part of addiction treatment.
The term is commonly associated with medication-assisted treatment for opioid use disorder, where medications like buprenorphine (a partial opioid agonist) are used. If buprenorphine is administered before other full opioids have cleared from the system, it can displace those opioids from receptors, leading to precipitated withdrawal. This is why healthcare providers carefully time the initiation of medications like buprenorphine to avoid this intensified withdrawal reaction.
Understanding the potential for precipitated withdrawal is crucial in the context of addiction treatment to ensure safe and effective transitions between medications and to minimize discomfort for individuals in recovery.
Using Suboxone involves adherence to a specific treatment plan under the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional. Here are some key aspects related to the use of Suboxone:

1. Prescription and Medical Supervision: Suboxone is a prescription medication, and its use should be initiated and supervised by a qualified healthcare provider, typically in the context of medication-assisted treatment (MAT) for opioid use disorder.
   
2. Dosage: The healthcare provider will determine the appropriate dosage based on the individual's specific needs and response to the medication. It's essential to follow the prescribed dosage and not adjust it without consulting the healthcare provider.
   
3. Administration: Suboxone is often administered sublingually, meaning it is placed under the tongue and allowed to dissolve. This method allows for the absorption of the medication into the bloodstream.
   
4. Timing: The timing of Suboxone administration is crucial. It is often started when the individual is in a mild to moderate state of withdrawal to reduce the risk of precipitated withdrawal. The healthcare provider will provide guidance on the appropriate timing.
   
5. Regular Monitoring: During Suboxone treatment, individuals are regularly monitored by healthcare professionals to assess progress, manage side effects, and adjust the treatment plan as needed.
   
6. Counseling and Support: Suboxone is typically part of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes counseling, therapy, and support services. This holistic approach addresses both the physical and psychological aspects of opioid addiction.
   
7. Gradual Tapering: Depending on the treatment plan, there may be a gradual tapering of Suboxone dosage as the individual progresses in their recovery. Tapering is done under medical supervision to minimize withdrawal symptoms.
   
8. Avoiding Other Opioids: It's crucial to avoid the use of other opioids while taking Suboxone. Combining opioids can lead to dangerous interactions and diminish the effectiveness of the treatment.
   
9. Side Effects and Reporting: Like any medication, Suboxone may have side effects. Common side effects include headache, nausea, and constipation. Any unusual or severe side effects should be promptly reported to the healthcare provider.
   
10. Pregnancy Considerations: If an individual is pregnant or planning to become pregnant, it's important to discuss this with the healthcare provider, as the use of Suboxone during pregnancy requires careful consideration.
    

Always follow the guidance of your healthcare provider and inform them of any concerns or changes in your condition during Suboxone treatment. Successful recovery often involves a combination of medication, counseling, and support tailored to individual needs.
Suboxone, when used as prescribed under the supervision of a healthcare professional as part of medication-assisted treatment (MAT) for opioid use disorder, has a lower potential for abuse and addiction compared to full opioid agonists. This is because Suboxone contains buprenorphine, a partial opioid agonist, which has a ceiling effect on its opioid effects.
Buprenorphine's partial agonist properties mean that it activates opioid receptors in the brain to a lesser extent than full agonists like heroin or oxycodone. As a result, the euphoria and respiratory depression associated with opioid abuse are less pronounced with buprenorphine.
However, it's essential to emphasize that any medication, including Suboxone, should be taken exactly as prescribed by a healthcare professional. Misuse, such as taking larger doses or combining Suboxone with other substances, can increase the risk of dependence or addiction.
Abruptly stopping Suboxone can lead to withdrawal symptoms, emphasizing the importance of a gradual tapering plan under medical supervision when discontinuing the medication. It's crucial for individuals using Suboxone to work closely with their healthcare provider to ensure proper management of their opioid use disorder and to address any concerns or side effects during the course of treatment.
Withdrawal symptoms from Suboxone, or buprenorphine (the active ingredient in Suboxone), can occur when someone who has been using the medication for an extended period stops taking it abruptly. It's important to note that withdrawal symptoms can vary in intensity and duration based on factors such as the individual's overall health, the duration of Suboxone use, and the dosage.
Common withdrawal symptoms from Suboxone may include:

1. Nausea and vomiting
2. Diarrhea
3. Muscle aches and pains
4. Sweating
5. Insomnia or sleep disturbances
6. Anxiety
7. Irritability
8. Runny nose and teary eyes
9. Goosebumps (piloerection)
10. Dilated pupils

It's important to distinguish between withdrawal symptoms and precipitated withdrawal. Precipitated withdrawal can occur if someone takes Suboxone too soon after using a full opioid agonist, leading to a more rapid and intense onset of withdrawal symptoms.
Withdrawal from Suboxone is generally considered less severe than withdrawal from full opioid agonists, and the symptoms tend to peak within the first 72 hours after discontinuation. However, the duration and severity can vary from person to person.
If an individual is considering stopping Suboxone or adjusting their dosage, it's crucial to do so under the guidance of a healthcare professional. Tapering the medication gradually, rather than stopping abruptly, can help minimize withdrawal symptoms and increase the chances of a successful transition to recovery. Seeking support from healthcare providers, counselors, and support groups is essential during this process.
Kratom is a tropical tree native to Southeast Asia, specifically in countries like Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, and Myanmar. The leaves of the Kratom tree have been traditionally used for various purposes, including as a stimulant, a pain reliever, and to manage opioid withdrawal symptoms.
The active compounds in Kratom, called alkaloids, interact with opioid receptors in the brain, producing effects that can vary depending on the strain and dosage. These effects can include:

1. Stimulation: At lower doses, Kratom may act as a stimulant, promoting increased energy, alertness, and sociability.
   
2. Sedation: At higher doses, Kratom may have sedative effects, leading to relaxation and pain relief.
   
3. Pain Relief: Kratom has been used traditionally for its analgesic properties, and some people use it as a natural remedy for pain.
   
4. Mood Enhancement: Some users report improved mood and reduced anxiety after consuming Kratom.
   

However, it's important to note that Kratom is not regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and its safety and effectiveness for various uses have not been clinically proven. There are potential risks associated with Kratom use, including dependence, addiction, and adverse effects such as nausea, constipation, and increased heart rate.
Due to these concerns, Kratom has been a subject of regulatory scrutiny in various countries, with some regions imposing restrictions or outright bans on its sale and use. It is essential for individuals to exercise caution, seek reliable information, and consult with healthcare professionals before considering the use of Kratom, especially for medicinal purposes or to manage opioid withdrawal.
Methadone is a synthetic opioid medication used primarily in the treatment of opioid dependence, particularly in the context of medication-assisted treatment (MAT). It is a long-acting opioid agonist, meaning it activates the same opioid receptors in the brain that other opioids, like heroin or morphine, do.
Key points about Methadone include:

1. Opioid Dependence Treatment: Methadone is often used as a maintenance medication to help individuals reduce or quit the use of illicit opioids. It helps by reducing cravings and withdrawal symptoms.
   
2. Long-Lasting Effect: One significant advantage of methadone is its long duration of action. A single daily dose can help stabilize individuals, preventing the highs and lows associated with short-acting opioids.
   
3. Supervised Administration: In some cases, methadone is provided through supervised administration in specialized clinics to ensure proper use and minimize the risk of diversion.
   
4. Tolerance and Dependence: Like other opioids, individuals using methadone can develop tolerance and dependence. Therefore, the dosage needs to be carefully managed, and discontinuation should be done gradually under medical supervision.
   
5. Reduction of Illicit Drug Use: When used as part of a comprehensive treatment plan, methadone has been shown to reduce illicit opioid use, lower the risk of overdose, and improve overall health outcomes.
   
6. Potential Side Effects: Methadone can have side effects, including constipation, sweating, drowsiness, and changes in libido. It's important for individuals to report any adverse effects to their healthcare provider.
   
7. Regulated Use: The use of methadone is tightly regulated, and it is typically dispensed through specialized clinics or healthcare providers who are authorized to prescribe it for opioid use disorder treatment.
   

Methadone treatment is part of a broader approach that often includes counseling, therapy, and support services. It has been a valuable tool in harm reduction strategies aimed at addressing the opioid epidemic and helping individuals achieve and maintain recovery.
Narcotics Anonymous (NA) is a 12-step program that provides support for individuals recovering from addiction, particularly those struggling with substance abuse issues. It is important to note that NA, like other 12-step programs, does not have an official stance or opinion on specific medical treatments, including medication-assisted treatment (MAT) for withdrawal.
The approach to medication assistance in withdrawal can vary among individuals within the NA community. Some may find success and support in MAT, while others may choose alternative methods or prefer an abstinence-based approach. NA encourages individuals to share their experiences, strength, and hope, but it does not dictate specific treatment choices.
The primary focus of NA is on mutual support, fellowship, and following the 12-step principles, which include admitting powerlessness over addiction, seeking spiritual awakening, and helping others in recovery. Members of NA are encouraged to respect each other's choices and paths to recovery.
It's essential for individuals seeking support for addiction to find a treatment plan that aligns with their needs and values. Consulting with healthcare professionals, attending support groups, and considering various treatment options can be part of a comprehensive approach to recovery.
SMART Recovery (Self-Management and Recovery Training) is a science-based, secular alternative to traditional 12-step programs like Narcotics Anonymous. SMART Recovery emphasizes self-empowerment and utilizes evidence-based techniques to support individuals in overcoming addiction.
Regarding Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT), SMART Recovery takes a neutral stance. The program acknowledges that MAT, when prescribed and monitored by healthcare professionals, can be a valid and effective part of a comprehensive approach to addiction treatment. SMART Recovery recognizes that different individuals may have unique needs, and treatment plans should be tailored to the individual's circumstances.
SMART Recovery's focus is on teaching self-reliance, coping skills, and strategies for managing urges and behaviors associated with addiction. The program encourages participants to make informed decisions about their recovery, including the consideration of medications that may be prescribed by healthcare providers.
Ultimately, SMART Recovery emphasizes a holistic and individualized approach to recovery, allowing participants to choose the methods and tools that best suit their needs and align with their values. This includes being open to the potential benefits of MAT for some individuals as part of their overall recovery plan.
Several treatment modalities are available for individuals struggling with opioid use disorder. The most effective approach often involves a combination of different strategies. Here are some key treatment modalities for opioid addiction:

1. Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT): MAT involves the use of medications, such as methadone, buprenorphine (Suboxone), and naltrexone, to help manage cravings, reduce withdrawal symptoms, and support recovery. These medications are often used in combination with counseling and therapy.
   
2. Counseling and Behavioral Therapies: Various forms of counseling and behavioral therapies are crucial components of opioid addiction treatment. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), contingency management, motivational enhancement therapy, and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) are among the approaches used to address the psychological aspects of addiction and help individuals develop coping skills.
   
3. Support Groups and 12-Step Programs: Participating in support groups like Narcotics Anonymous (NA) or 12-step programs can provide valuable peer support, encouragement, and a sense of community for individuals in recovery.
   
4. Detoxification Programs: Medically supervised detoxification programs help individuals safely manage the acute withdrawal symptoms associated with stopping opioid use. These programs often serve as the initial phase of treatment.
   
5. Residential or Inpatient Treatment: Inpatient treatment programs provide a structured and supportive environment for individuals to focus on recovery. These programs may include a combination of medical supervision, counseling, and therapeutic activities.
   
6. Outpatient Treatment: Outpatient programs allow individuals to receive treatment while living at home. This flexibility can be beneficial for those with work or family commitments. Outpatient treatment often includes counseling, therapy, and medication management.
   
7. Holistic and Alternative Therapies: Some individuals find benefit from holistic approaches, such as acupuncture, yoga, meditation, or mindfulness practices. These can complement traditional treatment modalities and contribute to overall well-being.
   
8. Peer Recovery Support Services: Peer recovery support services involve individuals with lived experience in recovery providing support, guidance, and encouragement to others going through similar challenges.
   

The most effective treatment plans are often individualized, taking into account the specific needs, preferences, and circumstances of each person. Collaborating with healthcare professionals to develop a comprehensive and tailored approach can significantly enhance the chances of successful recovery from opioid addiction.
The withdrawal timeline for fentanyl, a potent synthetic opioid, can vary among individuals based on factors such as the duration and intensity of use, individual metabolism, and overall health. Fentanyl withdrawal symptoms typically start shortly after the last dose and follow a general timeline:

1. Early Symptoms (Within a few hours): Early withdrawal symptoms may include anxiety, restlessness, sweating, and increased heart rate. Individuals may also experience muscle aches and insomnia.
   
2. Peak Intensity (24-72 hours): Withdrawal symptoms usually peak within the first 24 to 72 hours after discontinuing fentanyl. During this time, individuals may experience more intense symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, dilated pupils, and flu-like symptoms.
   
3. Subsiding Symptoms (5-7 days): The most acute withdrawal symptoms generally begin to subside within about five to seven days. However, some symptoms, such as insomnia, anxiety, and mood swings, may persist for a more extended period.
   
4. Post-Acute Withdrawal Syndrome (PAWS): Some individuals may experience a more prolonged period of withdrawal symptoms known as post-acute withdrawal syndrome (PAWS). This can include lingering psychological symptoms such as anxiety, depression, irritability, and difficulty concentrating. PAWS can persist for weeks or even months.
   

It's crucial to note that fentanyl withdrawal can be challenging, and seeking professional help is recommended to manage symptoms safely and effectively. Medical supervision can provide support through the detoxification process, and healthcare professionals may use medications to alleviate specific withdrawal symptoms and improve the overall comfort of the individual.
The withdrawal process is highly individual, and some individuals may find additional support through counseling, therapy, and participation in support groups to address the psychological aspects of recovery. Always consult with healthcare professionals for guidance on the safest and most effective approach to fentanyl withdrawal.
Xylazine is a veterinary sedative and analgesic medication. It belongs to the class of drugs known as alpha-2 adrenergic agonists. While it is primarily intended for veterinary use, xylazine has been misused in some cases for recreational purposes, particularly in combination with other substances.
In veterinary medicine, xylazine is commonly used as a sedative and muscle relaxant for various procedures, including surgery and diagnostic imaging. It is often administered to calm and immobilize animals.
However, the use of xylazine outside of veterinary settings, especially when combined with other drugs, can pose serious health risks. Misuse of xylazine has been associated with adverse effects, including respiratory depression, cardiovascular issues, and central nervous system depression.
It's important to emphasize that the use of xylazine for recreational purposes is highly dangerous and illegal. The drug is not intended for human consumption, and its effects can be unpredictable and potentially life-threatening.
If you have concerns about substance use or encounter situations involving illicit drugs, it is crucial to seek help from healthcare professionals, addiction specialists, or local support services. Misuse of veterinary drugs or any substances not prescribed for human use can have severe consequences and should be avoided.
PAWS stands for Post-Acute Withdrawal Syndrome. It refers to a set of prolonged withdrawal symptoms that some individuals may experience after the acute phase of withdrawal from substances like opioids, benzodiazepines, or alcohol. PAWS is not limited to a specific substance and can occur with various drugs.
These symptoms are generally more subtle than the acute withdrawal symptoms but can persist for weeks, months, or, in some cases, years after discontinuing substance use. PAWS can vary widely among individuals and may include symptoms such as:

1. Mood swings
2. Anxiety
3. Irritability
4. Insomnia
5. Fatigue
6. Difficulty concentrating
7. Memory problems
8. Reduced impulse control
9. Cravings for the substance

PAWS can be challenging for individuals in recovery, as these lingering symptoms may contribute to relapse if not effectively managed. Supportive interventions, such as counseling, therapy, and participation in support groups, can be beneficial for individuals experiencing PAWS. Healthy lifestyle choices, including regular exercise, proper nutrition, and adequate sleep, may also contribute to the overall well-being of those in recovery.
It's important to note that PAWS is not experienced by everyone in recovery, and its severity and duration can vary. Seeking guidance from healthcare professionals or addiction specialists can assist individuals in managing PAWS and maintaining long-term recovery.
Quitting substance use "cold turkey" involves stopping the use of a substance abruptly without tapering or gradually reducing the dosage. It's important to note that quitting cold turkey can be challenging, and the level of difficulty varies depending on the substance, the duration and intensity of use, and individual factors.
If you're considering quitting a substance cold turkey, here are some general recommendations:

1. Seek Professional Guidance: Before making the decision to quit cold turkey, it's advisable to consult with a healthcare professional or addiction specialist. They can provide guidance based on your specific situation, assess potential risks, and offer support.
   
2. Create a Support System: Inform friends, family, or a support network about your decision to quit. Having a support system in place can provide encouragement, understanding, and assistance during challenging times.
   
3. Understand Withdrawal Symptoms: Be aware of potential withdrawal symptoms associated with quitting the substance cold turkey. Withdrawal symptoms can vary depending on the substance but may include anxiety, irritability, insomnia, and other physical or psychological effects.
   
4. Stay Hydrated and Nourished: Maintaining proper hydration and nutrition is crucial during the quitting process. Stay hydrated by drinking water and consuming a balanced diet to support your overall well-being.
   
5. Exercise: Engage in regular physical activity. Exercise can help alleviate stress, improve mood, and contribute to your overall physical and mental health.
   
6. Consider Professional Treatment: Depending on the substance and the severity of dependence, professional treatment options, such as inpatient or outpatient programs, may be beneficial. Medical supervision can assist in managing withdrawal symptoms and ensuring safety.
   
7. Therapy and Counseling: Consider participating in therapy or counseling to address the underlying factors contributing to substance use and to develop coping strategies for a successful recovery.
   
8. Plan for Triggers: Identify situations, environments, or emotions that may trigger the urge to use the substance. Develop a plan to cope with these triggers without resorting to substance use.
   

It's essential to approach quitting any substance with a comprehensive strategy, and individual circumstances vary. Seeking professional advice ensures that you make informed decisions about the best approach for your specific situation. If you are experiencing severe withdrawal symptoms or have concerns about quitting cold turkey, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional for guidance and support.
Tapering refers to the gradual reduction of the dosage of a substance, typically a medication or a drug, over a specific period. Tapering is commonly used in the context of addiction treatment, where it involves slowly decreasing the amount of a substance to manage withdrawal symptoms and minimize the risks associated with abrupt discontinuation.
Key points about tapering include:

1. Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT): Tapering is often part of medication-assisted treatment for substance use disorders. For example, individuals dependent on opioids might undergo a gradual tapering of medications like methadone or buprenorphine.
   
2. Reducing Dependence: Tapering is employed to reduce physical dependence on a substance by allowing the body to adjust to lower levels gradually. This helps minimize the severity of withdrawal symptoms.
   
3. Individualized Approach: Tapering plans are typically individualized based on factors such as the substance used, the duration and intensity of use, and the individual's overall health. Healthcare professionals design tapering schedules to meet the specific needs of each person.
   
4. Supervised Tapering: Tapering is ideally done under the supervision of a healthcare professional to ensure safety and effectiveness. This is particularly important in cases where abrupt discontinuation could lead to severe withdrawal symptoms or complications.
   
5. Psychological Support: Tapering is not only about physical adjustments but also addresses psychological aspects of dependence. It provides individuals with an opportunity to develop coping skills and strategies for managing life without reliance on the substance.
   
6. Preventing Relapse: Gradual tapering can help reduce the risk of relapse by easing the transition to complete abstinence. It gives individuals the time and support needed to adjust to life without the substance.
   

Tapering is a careful and structured process that should be guided by healthcare professionals. Abruptly stopping certain substances can lead to severe withdrawal symptoms and potential health risks. Seeking professional advice and support is crucial for a safe and successful tapering process, whether it's part of addiction treatment or the discontinuation of a prescribed medication.
Engaging in activities during withdrawal can help distract from symptoms, provide a sense of accomplishment, and contribute to overall well-being. Here are some ideas for keeping busy during withdrawal:

1. Reading: Escape into a good book or explore topics of interest to keep your mind occupied.
   
2. Movies or TV Shows: Watch movies or binge-watch a TV series to pass the time. Choose lighthearted or inspirational content.
   
3. Exercise: Engage in gentle exercises like walking, yoga, or stretching. Exercise can help improve mood and alleviate some withdrawal symptoms.
   
4. Creative Hobbies: Explore creative outlets such as drawing, painting, writing, or playing a musical instrument.
   
5. Mindfulness and Meditation: Practice mindfulness or meditation techniques to calm the mind and reduce stress.
   
6. Gardening: Spend time outdoors, tending to a garden or plants. Nature can have a positive impact on mood.
   
7. Puzzle Games: Solve puzzles, play Sudoku, or engage in other mentally stimulating games.
   
8. Listening to Music or Podcasts: Create playlists of your favorite music or listen to podcasts on topics of interest.
   
9. Cooking or Baking: Experiment with new recipes and treat yourself to nourishing meals.
   
10. Journaling: Write down your thoughts and feelings. Keeping a journal can be therapeutic during withdrawal.
    
11. Educational Courses: Take online courses or watch educational videos on platforms like Coursera or Khan Academy.
    
12. Board Games or Card Games: Play board games or cards with friends or family for some social interaction.
    
13. Self-Care Activities: Take relaxing baths, practice skincare routines, or indulge in other self-care activities to nurture your well-being.
    
14. Volunteering: If possible, consider volunteering for a cause you're passionate about. Helping others can be rewarding.
    
15. Stay Connected: Reach out to friends and family for support. Having a support system is crucial during withdrawal.
    

It's important to choose activities that align with your interests and energy levels. Remember that withdrawal is a challenging time, and it's okay to prioritize self-care. If symptoms become severe or unmanageable, seeking professional help is recommended.

I just took my first 100 mg tablet a few minutes ago. Was a little nervous to up dosage, but it’s been 3 weeks I’ve been on 50 mg so it was time (according to my doc). My reasons for being nervous is:

1 I woke up itching 3 nights after my first 50 mg dose. No itching after that but it was still strange. Also no concrete evidence it was the lamotrigine. I’ve just never in my 37 years had that happen.

2 My lips were dry for a week or so after upping to 50 mg.

3 a couple weird bumps.

Again no concrete evidence any of this was the med. I’m just documenting.
I haven’t felt any drastic changes. Started this for a mood stabilizer, anxiety and depression. Was diagnosed bipolar.
Just figured I’d share since I know a few people are hesitant and fearful of new meds as well. Trying to be patient as I’ve tried several other meds over the past 5 years with no positive results. I’m not sold, but keeping fingers crossed.
Good luck everyone. Best wishes.

I am currently on a low dose of lamotrigine (generic version of lamictal) and have been taking it since December of last year. We had to work slowly to increase my dosage bc moving too fast caused increased suicidal thoughts and irritability.
At first I felt like I was making progress and my moods started to feel less extreme between highs and lows. But lately I am feeling as if the meds are not doing anything for me at this point, other than feeling more heightened anxiety and tiredness. However, my psychiatrist said the anxiety could be stemming from other life situations I have going on. I am just not sure which it is.
So she recommended maybe switching to Latuda, if anyone has experiences on this med if you can share your thoughts/how it’s worked for you?

I am on 100 mg of lamotrigine. I’m trying to go up to 200 mg and possibly add Wellbutrin or switch entirely. Lamotrigine has been great but i think i need to up my dosage to get where i want to be. Has anyone tried both together or switched from lamotrigine to Wellbutrin? Any comments will help