TL;DR: PC building newb is wanting to build a PC that can handle regular tech job remote tasks, play pc games at a good frame rate (70-80), and overall run nice.
Hey everyone,
After years of not having a desktop, I decided it’s time to build a PC. I’ve never built a PC before, but being a computer science major I think it could be a good experience given that hardware is not the focus of my major; plus I just think it would be cool to say that I built my own PC. And I’ve been wanting to go back to PC for a little while now.
Keep in mind, I am completely new to this stuff, particularly what the best parts to buy are given what I’m looking for. There are multiple micro centers in my home town, but wanted to do the proper research and get a variety of opinions between micro center workers and the PC community. That way I can really make an ideal desktop for what I want.
Also, I’m sorry this is a lot. I’ve been wanting to do this for years and now that I’m committing to it, I really don’t want to mess it up all because I didn’t do the proper research. Heres some context of what I’m looking for

• Budget- Preferebly $1000-1500. But willing to go a little over if it’s really worth doing so for a part (example: one graphics card is $200 but the next one up is $275-300 and will support games for a much longer lifespan than the $200 one. Let’s put the threshold for this at a $100 increase). Absolute maximum is $1750

5-6 (ish..?) year life span-: This could be a ridiculous amount of time, but if it’s possible to do so with the following preferences at the budget I provided, what are the parts that will do so with minimal part replacement?
-Working Remote- I want to be able to sufficiently be able to work from home. Many tech jobs are beginning to follow a hybrid or even fully remote format. In the case that I run into that throughout my career (which seems very likely), I don’t want to run into any non internet connection issues that could raise issues when working remote such as freezing, or slowness due to many apps being open at once (VS code, Remote Desktop, chrome with a good amount of tabs, etc.).
-Windows (which ever version is best in case it isn’t the newest one)- probably a way too obvious thing to include but hear me out. Ive been strictly Apple and have not regularly used a windows device in 8 years. Both great operating systems in their own ways, but one of my main motivations for doing this is that I’ve realized over time that I definitely miss using Windows for many reasons. That being said, I do not know if there is a preferred version of windows 11 versus the latest one, if even the case.
-Gaming- (play just about all games at 60-70fps): Similar to using windows, another motivation I had for doing this is PC gaming. Before I stopped using windows in 2017, I had built a decent sized library on steam and was a pretty avid PC gamer but still played a little console. Switched to only console and, same as windows and mac, both are great for different reasons. But for years I’ve been itching to get back into games like Skyrim, counter strike, and the blizzard library (probably weird choices to say nowadays but remember, I’ve been out of the PC world for 8 years). Along with that, I want to try out all of the great pc games that I’ve come out since that I haven’t had the chance to play and the games that will continue to come out. Overall, I want a build that will be able to play all these titles at a consistent frame rate similar to let’s say Elden Ring on Xbox Series X, with good graphics (but not anything over the top).
-Wi-Fi support- I’m not too sure about this one, but more wanted to ask if this is worth investing into or not if it costs extra.
-Smooth- could be obvious, but I want an overall very smooth user experience. I’ve used a MacBook Pro 2020 edition for a couple years and overall I’ve been happy with the experience. But the one thing that I absolutely hate about it is how much it freezes up on me when I’m in the middle of doing something. Not necessarily very often, but it happens and it’s very annoying. I understand that this is going to become inevitable overtime, but overall I want a reliable and convenient user experience.
Again I’m sorry that this is a lot. If you have any questions please let me know and I’ll get back to you asap

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Howdy Reddit!
Did you know the Mods will never ask you for your password if they Ban you? Did you know that if Mods need to review your chat then you can just send screen shots instead of your login information? Well I know these things so lets quit feeding these scammers.
Anyway I have some goods for you today from 90% below melt to some nice premium Gov't stuff. I also priced out my ASE's for anyone looking to fill some holes. As always feel free to send offers with comps if my prices are off, but I think everything should be inline with spot where it is at.
Alright here is the proof now let's get to the sale!
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🥇Gold🥇

3x Gold Grams in assay - $85 each SOLD
FBP cheapest loose is around $88 and cheapest in Assay is $92. Will meet you in the middle at $85 and cover shipping if you buy all three.
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🥈Vintage Silver🥈

7.6oz Vintage/Mixed Lot - $250
Nice mix of stuff from the 80's and pre-2000s and a stage coach breakable bar
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🥈90% Under Melt 🥈

Melt is just over 22.8x FV on coinflation so that is my ask. $1 face value of 90% is $22.80. Buy any type/amount you like and round down to the nearest whole dollar so we end up at an even number (I will drop the cents off your total). Do me a favor and buy all the 90% and I will cover shipping (and probably throw in a few freebies)

• $12.00 FV Washington Quarters - Any Amount, UNDER MELT
• $2.00 FV JFK Half Dollars - Any Amount, UNDER MELT
• $19.50 FV Franklin Half Dollars - Any Amount, UNDER MELT
• $10.00 FV Walking Liberty Half Dollars - Any Amount, UNDER MELT

Also have some 40% and Cull 90% available, but ya got to take the lot. Don't need to buy both, but I would prefer to not split these up.

• $5 FV 40% JFK Half Dollars - $45 (or 4.5x FV)
• $2.25FV of Holey 90% - $45 (or 20x FV)

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🥈Perth Silver🥈

• 3x 2022 Kook - $36
• 3x 2023 Kook - $36
• 3x 2016 Lunar Year of the Monkey w/ Privy - $39

Buy all 3 for $105, Buy all 9 for $315 shipped----------------------------------------------------

🦅 Silver Eagle Hole Fillers / Album 🦅

JM BuyBack is $33ish for random year and $32ish for Culls, FBP cheapest random year $37.73. Setting my base price at $34 and premiums/quantity vary by year. While there may be more in the proof photo I am only selling at most 5 of each year at this time. Just so everything is above board here is the proof of the eagle dates and if there are better comps out there let me know and I am sure we can get to a win-win price.

• 1986 ASE - 5 available - $54.00 (JM BuyBack)
• 1987 ASE - 4 available - $41.00
• 1988 ASE - 3 available - $41.00
• 1989 ASE - 1 available - $44.00
• 1990 ASE - 4 available - $44.00
• 1991 ASE - 4 available - $43.00
• 1992 ASE - 5 available - $44.00
• 1993 ASE - 5 available - $44.00
• 1994 ASE - 5 available - $52.00
• 1995 ASE - 5 available - $52.00
• 1996 ASE - 5 available - $57.00 (JM BuyBack)
• 1997 ASE - 4 available - $44.00
• 1998 ASE - 1 available - $44.00
• 1999 ASE - 5 available - $41.00
• 2000 ASE - 1 available - $39.00
• 2001 ASE - 5 available - $37.00
• 2002 ASE - $37.00 (only available as part of larger lot/set)
• 2003 ASE - 1 available - $37.00
• 2004 ASE - $37.00 (only available as part of larger lot/set)
• 2005 ASE - 1 available - $37.00
• 2006 ASE - $36.00 (only available as part of larger lot/set)
• 2007 ASE - 5 available - $36.00
• 2008 ASE - 5 available - $36.00
• 2009 ASE - 1 available - $36.00
• 2010 ASE - 1 available - $34.00
• 2011 ASE - 3 available - $34.00
• 2012 ASE - 3 available - $34.00
• 2013 ASE - 2 available - $34.00
• 2014 ASE - 1 available - $34.00
• 2015 ASE - 1 available - $34.00
• 2016 ASE - 3 available - $34.00
• 2017 ASE - $34.00 (only available as part of larger lot/set)
• 2018 ASE - 2 available - $35.00
• 2019 ASE - 5 available - $34.00
• 2020 ASE - 3 available - $34.00
• 2021 Type 1 ASE - 4 available - $38.00
• 2021 Type 2 ASE - 2 available - $35.00
• 2022 ASE - $34.00 (only available as part of larger lot/set)
• 2023 ASE - 3 available - $34.00
• 2024 ASE - 2 available - $34.00

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🌟 Star Wars 🌟 / ✨ Mandalorian Lots✨

Lot pics (forgot to include beskar in these pics but it is in the main proof)
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• 2oz Jedi/Rebel Lot - $79 shipped
  • 2023 Jedi Order
  • 2022 Rebel Alliance

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• 3oz Grogu Lot - $120 Shipped
  • 2023 Grogu (Din Grogu)
  • 2022 Grogu
  • 2021 Grogu (The Child)

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• 3oz PCGS First Strike TEP Lot - $125 shipped
  • PCGS First Strike 2021 Grogu (The Child)
  • PCGS First Strike 2022 IG-11
  • PCGS First Strike 2022 Rebel Alliance

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• 3oz Darth Vader Lot - $115 shipped
  • 2022 Darth Vader
  • 2020 Darth Vader
  • 2018 Darth Vader

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• 6oz Mando Lot - $235 Shipped
  • 2023 Grogu (Din Grogu)
  • 2022 Grogu
  • 2021 Grogu (The Child)
  • 2021 Mando
  • 2022 IG-11
  • 2023 Beskar Bar

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• 13oz Instant Collection -$475
  • 6oz Mando Lot
  • 3oz Darth Vader Lot
  • 2oz Jedi/Rebel Lot
  • 2021 Millennium Falcon
  • 2020 Boba Fett
  • Optional Add On 2019 Darth Vader for $35 (1 available)

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Shipping is $5 or $10 if not already included, but I have been know to make it free as part of my "No Haggle Discount". Payment by most methods but no crypto, and as always I am more than happy to use a middleman if it makes you feel more comfortable.
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Hi, I have noticed that while people who review things, say phones for example might get the product for free also have AdSense enabled but I don't see how its worth it. My research suggests they only get about $2 for every 1000 views so 100k views would be $200 - YouTubes 45% cut = $ 110 . they also use affiliate links getting about say 3% to 12% on sales but I have no idea how many things your likely to sell using that so I don't have a real guesstimate but it couldn't be that much over a few thousand a year surely? (unless you have a huge channel)
While some gaming channels or comedy skits or history channels etc have sponsorships that pay $10/$20 per 1000 views meaning 100k views could be $1000 to $2000 which means 1 sponsored video a week could turn into a more than decent income. Is there something I'm missing because there are heaps of reviewers out there and they wouldn't do it if it didn't make sense. Thanks

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~RIGL Thesis – 5/18/2024~
Outstanding Shares 175M
131 Institutional Holders
111,129,461 Total Shares Held
63.36% Institutional Ownership
Total Cash on Hand 3/31/2024 = $49.6M
Total Debt: $101.5M
Cash Burn Approximate = $8M per quarter (6 quarters of cash without any increases in revenue)
Q12023 REV = $26M
Q22023 REV = $26.8M
Q32023 REV = $28.1M
Q42023 REV = $35.8M
Q12024 REV = $29.5M (Decline from Q4 likely from end of year versus new-year tracking of Rx and shipments of drugs, resetting of Copays)
Most Recent EPS -$0.05 per share
May 22, 2024 - Vote on S will take place, caution
~Statistics Applicable To Thesis~
333.3 million US Population (2022)
8,109,679,892 Global Population (2024)
~Drugs On Market~
~Tavalisse – Treatment for ITP, FDA Approved April 17, 2018~
~What is ITP?~
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an illness that can lead to bruising and bleeding. Low levels of the cells that help blood clot, also known as platelets, most often cause the bleeding.
Once known as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, ITP can cause purple bruises. It also can cause tiny reddish-purple dots on the skin that look like a rash.
Children can get ITP after a virus. They most often get better without treatment. In adults, the illness often lasts months or years. People with ITP who aren't bleeding and whose platelet count isn't too low might not need treatment. For worse symptoms, treatment might include medicines to raise platelet count or surgery to remove the spleen. Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic
~What is Tavalisse?~
TAVALISSE is a prescription medication used to treat adults with low platelet counts due to chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) when a prior treatment for ITP has not worked well enough. It is not known if TAVALISSE is safe and effective in children.
The cost for Tavalisse oral tablet 100 mg is around $15,404 for a supply of 60 tablets, depending on the pharmacy you visit. Quoted prices are for cash-paying customers and are not valid with insurance plans. This price guide is based on using the Drugs.com discount card which is accepted at most U.S. pharmacies.
Tavalisse Prices, Coupons, Copay & Patient Assistance - Drugs.com
TAVALISSE IS AN ORAL MEDICATION TAKEN TWICE DAILY WITH OR WITHOUT FOOD¹
A 12-week evaluation period is recommended
60 tablets = 1 month supply, evaluation period = 3 months, Cost for 3 months = $46,212 Cash, assuming cheaper through wholesale, insurance, discount cards, etc.
Dosing TAVALISSE® (fostamatinib disodium hexahydrate) tablets (tavalissehcp.com)
~Addressable Market~
“Our findings suggest that nearly 20,000 children and adults are newly diagnosed with ITP each year in the US, substantially higher than previously reported. Among patients requiring formal medical care, the economic burden during the first 12 months following diagnosis is high, with estimated US expenditures totaling over $400 million.”
Primary immune thrombocytopenia in US clinical practice: incidence and healthcare burden in first 12 months following diagnosis - PubMed (nih.gov)
The estimated prevalence of ITP in the United States is 9.5 per 100,000 people, with a global prevalence of over 200,000 people at any given time [1].
Immune thrombocytopenia. [ Oct; 2022 ]. 2022. https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/immune-thrombocytopenia
~Author Calculations/Estimates~
ITP estimated cases based on measured statistics 31,635 cases a year in the US and 770,355 cases globally each year.
~Rezlidhia – R Acute Myeloid Leukemia, FDA Approved December, 22, 2022~
~What is Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia?~
Relapsed, or recurrent, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) means the leukemia has come back after treatment and remission.
Refractory AML means the leukemia did not respond to treatment. Complete remission has not been reached because the chemotherapy drugs did not kill enough leukemia cells.
Both relapsed and refractory AML need more treatment to reach complete remission.
Your healthcare team will suggest treatments based on your needs and work with you to develop a treatment plan. Some factors considered for your treatment include:
your age
your health
how long the leukemia was in remission
treatments you had before
where the leukemia comes back
Treatment options usually include chemotherapy and a stem cell transplant if possible. Targeted therapy may also be used.
Treatments for relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia Canadian Cancer Society
~What is IDH1?~
Somatic mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) genes occur frequently in adult Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and less commonly in pediatric AML… Enhanced genomic and epigenomic profiling of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has led to identification of recurrent mutations that are prognostic and are candidates for targeted therapy. Somatic mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) genes, IDH1 and IDH2, occur in ∼6% to 16% and ∼8% to 19% of adult patients with AML, respectively.^1-5 In pediatric AML, IDH mutations are rare, occurring in <4% of patients.^6-11
Characteristics and prognostic impact of IDH mutations in AML: a COG, SWOG, and ECOG analysis Blood Advances American Society of Hematology (ashpublications.org)
~What is Rezlidhia?~
REZLIDHIA is a prescription medicine used to treat adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with an isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1) mutation when the disease has come back or has not improved after previous treatment(s).
Targeted Treatment REZLIDHIA® (olutasidenib) capsules
The cost for Rezlidhia oral capsule 150 mg is around $17,468 for a supply of 30 capsules, depending on the pharmacy you visit. Quoted prices are for cash-paying customers and are not valid with insurance plans. This price guide is based on using the Drugs.com discount card which is accepted at most U.S. pharmacies.
Rezlidhia Prices, Coupons, Copay & Patient Assistance - Drugs.com%20is%20a%20member,on%20the%20pharmacy%20you%20visit.)
~Addressable Market~
The annual incidence of new cases in both men and women is approximately 4.3 per 100,000 population, totaling over 20,000 cases per year in the United States alone.[13] The median age at the time of diagnosis is about 68, with a higher prevalence observed among non-Hispanic Whites. Furthermore, males exhibit a higher incidence compared to females, with a ratio of 5:3.
Acute Myeloid Leukemia - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf (nih.gov)
~Author Calculations/Estimates~
Cases of AML with IDH1 would be 11% based on the median of statistics above (6% to 16%) leaving approximately 1500 to 2000 cases a year in the US. Appling the same calculations to world population would amount to approximately 38,500 cases a year globally.
~Gavreto – Treats RET+ Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer In Adults and RET+ Thyroid Cancer in Kids and Adults, FDA Approved August 9, 2023~
For the sake of common ground, I am going to assume these types of cancers do not need to be elaborated on as we all likely have a basic understanding of what they are. The medical conditions treated by Tavalisse and Rezlidhia I felt needed a more in-depth explanation because they are not common. I will elaborate on RET+ a little later in this writing.
~What is Gavreto?~
GAVRETO is an oral once daily prescription medicine used to treat certain cancers caused by abnormal rearranged during transfection ~(RET+)~ genes in:
Adults with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that has spread
Adults and children 12 years of age and older with advanced thyroid cancer or thyroid cancer that has spread who require a medicine by mouth or injection (systemic therapy) and who have received radioactive iodine and it did not work or is no longer working*
It is not known if GAVRETO is safe and effective when used to treat cancers caused by abnormal RET genes in children for the treatment of NSCLC or in children younger than 12 years of age for the treatment of thyroid cancer.
Home GAVRETO® (pralsetinib)
The cost for Gavreto oral capsule 100 mg is around $11,745 for a supply of 60 capsules, depending on the pharmacy you visit. Quoted prices are for cash-paying customers and are not valid with insurance plans. This price guide is based on using the Drugs.com discount card which is accepted at most U.S. pharmacies.
The recommended dosage for adults and children 12 and over is 400mg orally once daily. Each capsule is 100mg, which means you will take 4 capsules. Gavreto should be taken on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal.
Gavreto Prices, Coupons, Copay & Patient Assistance - Drugs.com
~What is Rearranged During Transfection Positive (RET+)?~
RET-positive cancer is caused by a mutation or abnormal re-arrangement of the RET gene. It occurs most commonly in lung cancer and several types of inherited and sporadic thyroid cancers. RET alterations also occur in an estimated 1-2% of multiple other cancers, including ovarian, pancreatic, salivary, breast, and colorectal cancers.
RETpositive Empowering Patients and Driving Research
Rearranged during transfection (RET) rearrangements were first identified as oncogenic drivers in NSCLC in 2012. The proportion of patients with NSCLC who have RET rearrangements (ie, fusion-positive disease) is approximately 1%-2%.
RET Fusion-Positive Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: The Evolving Treatment Landscape The Oncologist Oxford Academic (oup.com)
RET alterations occur most commonly in lung cancer (non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)) and the number of new cases diagnosed each year is considerable, accounting for approximately 37,500 [IG1] cases worldwide and 4,000 cases in the US (2% of NSCLC) (2,3). RET alterations are also common in several types of inherited and sporadic thyroid cancers and can occur in other types of cancers like ovarian, breast, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers, among others (4-8) adding >110,000 cases yearly worldwide (9).
What is RET Positive Lung Cancer? - The Happy Lungs Project
(2) Although medullary thyroid carcinoma represents 5-10% of all thyroid cancers, activating RET gene abnormalities occur in over 90% of hereditary and approximately 40%-60% of sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma cases.
Patients – RETpositive%20Although%20medullary%20thyroid%20carcinoma,sporadic%20medullary%20thyroid%20carcinoma%20cases.)
~Prevalence of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer~
Most lung cancer statistics include both small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In general, about 10% to 15% of all lung cancers are SCLC, and about 80% to 85% are NSCLC.
Lung cancer (both small cell and non-small cell) is the second most common cancer in both men and women in the United States (not counting skin cancer). In men, prostate cancer is more common, while breast cancer is more common in women.
The American Cancer Society’s estimates for lung cancer in the US for 2024 are:
About 234,580 new cases of lung cancer (116,310 in men and 118,270 in women)
About 125,070 deaths from lung cancer (65,790 in men and 59,280 in women)
Lung Cancer Statistics How Common is Lung Cancer? American Cancer Society
Worldwide, an estimated 2,206,771 people were diagnosed with lung cancer in 2020. These statistics include both small cell lung cancer and NSCLC.
Lung Cancer - Non-Small Cell: Statistics Cancer.Net
~Author Calculations/Estimates~
Approximately 187,664 cases of NSCLC in the US based on an 80% factor.
Approximately 1,765,416 cases of NSCLC worldwide based on an 80% factor.
~Prevalence of Thyroid Cancer~
Rate of New Cases and Deaths per 100,000: The rate of new cases of thyroid cancer was 13.5 per 100,000 men and women per year. The death rate was 0.5 per 100,000 men and women per year. These rates are age-adjusted and based on 2017–2021 cases and 2018–2022 deaths.
Lifetime Risk of Developing Cancer: Approximately 1.2 percent of men and women will be diagnosed with thyroid cancer at some point during their lifetime, based on 2017–2019 data. Lifetime risk based on data through 2022 will available soon.
Prevalence of This Cancer: In 2021, there were an estimated 979,295 people living with thyroid cancer in the United States.
Thyroid Cancer — Cancer Stat Facts
About 44,020 new cases of thyroid cancer (12,500 in men and 31,520 in women)
About 2,170 deaths from thyroid cancer (990 in men and 1,180 in women)
Thyroid cancer is often diagnosed at a younger age than most other adult cancers. The average age when a person is diagnosed with thyroid cancer is 51.
This cancer is about 3 times more common in women than in men. It is about 40% to 50% less common in Black people than in any other racial or ethnic group.
Key Statistics for Thyroid Cancer American Cancer Society)
Addressable Market
Given Gavreto’s dual treatment capacity, the total amount of potential patients with NSCLC with RET+ indications would be approximately 2,800 cases in the US and approximately 26,500 cases worldwide each year using a factor of 1.5% of total NSCLC cases. The total amount of treatable cases for Thyroid Cancer would be approximately 650 in the US and 16,500 cases worldwide respectively each year applying the same 1.5% RET+ percentage rate. DOUBLE CHECK MATH…
~Rigel Pharmaceuticals Pipeline~
~IRAK/4 – Clinical Trials~
Rigel’s investigational candidate, R289, is an oral, potent and selective inhibitor of interleukin receptor-associated kinases 1 and 4 (IRAK1/4).
Toll like receptors (TLRs) and the interleukin 1 receptor family (IL-1Rs) play a critical role in the innate immune response and dysregulation of these pathways can lead to a variety of inflammatory conditions such as psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Chronic stimulation of both receptor systems has also been implicated in causing a pro-inflammatory bone marrow environment leading to persistent cytopenias in lower-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (LR-MDS) patients1.
R835 is a selective dual inhibitor of IRAK1/4 that blocks TLR4 and IL-1R-dependent systemic cytokine release. In preclinical studies, R835 demonstrated activity in multiple animal models of inflammatory disease2,3 and showed that dual inhibition of IRAK1 and IRAK4 provided more complete suppression of inflammatory cytokines when compared to an IRAK4-selective inhibitor4.
Development of R289:
In a Phase 1 clinical trial, R835 was well tolerated and inhibited LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine production in healthy volunteers, demonstrating proof-of-mechanism.5 Phase 1 clinical studies of R289 (an oral prodrug that is rapidly converted to R835 in the gut) are also complete.
A Phase 1b open-label, multicenter trial of R289 in patients with relapsed/refractory lower-risk MDS is currently enrolling (NCT05308264). The primary endpoint for this trial is safety with key secondary endpoints including preliminary efficacy and evaluation of pharmacokinetic properties.
~Bemcentinib – Bergenbio Partnership~
In June 2011, Rigel entered into an exclusive, worldwide research, development and commercialization agreement with BerGenBio for its investigational AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (AXL) inhibitor, R428 (now referred to as bemcentinib).
Bemcentinib is a potent, selective and orally bioavailable AXL inhibitor and the furthest along in clinical trials. In preclinical studies, bemcentinib was shown to have an effect as a single agent therapeutic in the prevention and reversal of acquired resistance to standard of care cytotoxics and targeted therapies and may also slow or prevent tumor metastasis.
Rigel received an upfront payment and is eligible for milestone payments and potential sublicensing revenue, as well as tiered royalty payments on any future net sales of products emerging from the collaboration.
~R552 Systemic – Eli Lilly Partnership~
Rigel’s investigational candidates are oral, potent and selective inhibitors of receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1).
RIPK1 is a critical signaling protein implicated in a broad range of key inflammatory cellular processes including necroptosis, a type of regulated cell death, and cytokine production. In necroptosis, cells rupture leading to the dispersion of cell contents, which can trigger an immune response and enhance inflammation. RIPK1 inhibition has therapeutic potential in treating autoimmune, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative disorders.
Rigel’s RIPK1 inhibitor program includes R552, a systemic molecule being developed for the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, and brain penetrating RIPK1 inhibitors for central nervous system (CNS) diseases. In preclinical studies, R552 demonstrated prevention of joint and skin inflammation in a RIPK1-mediated murine model of inflammation and tissue damage.
Development of R552:
In Q2 2023, the initial Phase 2a trial (NCT05848258) in moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was initiated by partner Eli Lilly.
Development CNS-penetrating RIPK1 inhibitors:
Currently in preclinical studies.
~Milademetan – Daiichi Sankyo Partnership~
Rigel has a long-standing collaboration with Daiichi-Sankyo for developing murine double minute 2 (MDM2) protein inhibitors in cancer, which were discovered in Rigel’s laboratories.
Preliminary safety and efficacy data from an early Phase 1 study of milademetan (formerly DS-3032), an oral selective MDM2 inhibitor, in hematological malignancies suggests that it may be a promising potential treatment for oncology indications.
Rigel received an upfront payment and is eligible for milestone payments, as well as tiered royalty payments on any future net sales of any products emerging from the collaboration.
~Rxxx (CNS Penetrant) – Eli Lilly Partnership~
Rigel’s investigational candidates are oral, potent and selective inhibitors of receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1).
RIPK1 is a critical signaling protein implicated in a broad range of key inflammatory cellular processes including necroptosis, a type of regulated cell death, and cytokine production. In necroptosis, cells rupture leading to the dispersion of cell contents, which can trigger an immune response and enhance inflammation. RIPK1 inhibition has therapeutic potential in treating autoimmune, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative disorders.
Rigel’s RIPK1 inhibitor program includes R552, a systemic molecule being developed for the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, and brain penetrating RIPK1 inhibitors for central nervous system (CNS) diseases. In preclinical studies, R552 demonstrated prevention of joint and skin inflammation in a RIPK1-mediated murine model of inflammation and tissue damage.
Development of R552:
In Q2 2023, the initial Phase 2a trial (NCT05848258) in moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was initiated by partner Eli Lilly.
Development CNS-penetrating RIPK1 inhibitors:
Currently in preclinical studies. Pipeline :: Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (RIGL)
~Summary and Prediction~
The current share price of sub $1 does not feel justified. I would anticipate financial breakeven by the end of 2024 or potentially in Q1 or Q2 of 2025. The robust pipeline, progress, and expected revenue growth are enough to justify a much higher valuation. The debt load is manageable, but the potential for S is concerning. I believe that the S is not necessary and revenue growth and progress should speak for itself. I am not as bullish as the analysts at HC Wainright for a $15 PT, but the valuation should be at least 3x to 5x from the current value. This thesis does not highlight the patents surrounding their drugs either which some extend into 2035 and beyond. Perhaps what Wall Street is discounting is the fact that most of the drugs are very niche. However, the currently available drugs have an addressable market, albeit less universal than some, but you should value it in the sense of multiple facets (a 1000 headed snake is the phrase I wanted to use). I believe the company should be valued with specialty drugs in mind which would command a higher PE ratio. At the current day and time of writing, the value should be at least $1.50 to $1.75 ~at a minimum~ with a 12 month price target of $3 to $5+. I will be looking for continued revenue growth in each quarter this year and realization of revenue from Gavreto in Q2 or Q3 this year. The partnerships should not be discounted either and the current share price if it lingers here perhaps may attract a merger or acquisition. I initially began the research thinking that perhaps the drugs were too niche, but given the multiple drugs they are working with, I believe their revenue sources will continue to grow if you do not focus on one particular drug as the main performer. With the most recent inflation report being cooler than expected, I would suspect larger funds and institutions will be circling back to riskier assets.

Wine & Paint Quagmire 500 gems Score 3.0
Quagmire Art combo, made with everything but Vitruvian Man and Buzzsaw. Medium/high shield all, medium cripple and a medium bodyguard.
Edit: removed show only that got removed
Stewardess Francine 500 gems Score 0.0
Francine Disguised combo made with Roger’s Closet. Boost and show only heal all.
Falcon Attack Quagmire 1000 stones 4.5
Quagmire Animal combo made with Iraq Lobster, Mr. Business, Buck’s Stud, Sheldon and Reverend Ping Ping lines of objects including mythic Cuddles. Medium crazed, jab, and bomb. This combo is decent but not great, can be good depending on the bge effects, like it when there is a bge shield. Few generations retired though his current combo is decent too, getting to the take it or leave it stage.
Claw Machine 1000 stones Score 2.0
Amy Toy combo made with Pro Pain!, Wireless Audio Transmitter, Bouncy Fun Castle and Mini Car Racing line of objects including mythic Rupert Recalls. Shows up in the Burobu Clash, leech and motivate, pairs nicely with her more recent combo Pachinko Amy. I’m not a huge fan of it in arena, and retired but could be used in the Clash.
Scale:
9-10 Top of the Top: I’d spend 2250 in gems for cm2 if I had to. Type of combo I would pursue CM5 on
7-8 Still Darn Good: I’d drop 4500 in mastery stones for cm2 or 500 gems for cm1. Maybe I invest 2000 stones for cm1
5-6 Good: I’d throw 1000 mastery stones for cm1, maybe take it to cm2 at a later date
3-4 Average: If I was loaded with mastery stones I would think about
1-2 Poor: There’s something there, but I’m not spending resources on it
0 Lousy: Really Kong, take it out of the game

I am in recovery from my ureteroscopy on a calyceal diverticulum, and while I found some journal articles and a few stray posts on here about them, I want to paint a bigger picture about my actual experience and what I felt.
This is a very long post because I wanted to err on the side of more information so that other may feel much less alone than I have felt. I have included subheadings so you can read only what is useful to you.
To start, I am a 31-year-old female with endometriosis (I explain the implications of that in one of my subsections.). I live in New York City and was operated on by a surgeon at Smith Institute for Urology at Lenox Hill Hospital, which specializes in “complex anatomy” and kidney stones.
TL;DR Calyceal diverticula are pockets on the kidneys affecting 0.5% of the population. Stones can form and get trapped due to their narrow opening (infundibulum). As a result, their pain pattern is different and diagnosis can be delayed. To resolve the problem, you will need a surgeon to remove stones and expand the opening and/or ablate the lining of the diverticulum via ureteroscopy or percutaneous nephrolithotomy.
What is a calyceal diverticulum?
For a good scientific review of what calyceal (kay-luh-SEE-uhl) diverticula are, there is a review study from 2014 with primary author Nikhil Waingankar. In short, these are pockets within the kidneys that have much narrower entry points (“infundibula”) than a normal calyx, and they are theorized to only occur in 0.5% of the human population, with an estimated 96% of those who have them forming stones inside them.
They are often found incidentally on imaging because many people remain asymptomatic. In my case, we saw “a cyst requiring further imaging to rule out neoplasm” (cancer) when I was having my appendectomy in 2022 and had a CT scan in the ER.
They will look like cysts until you either get a radiologist who knows what to look for and sees a stone inside, or until you do a CT urogram, which is a more involved CT scan where you can see if the urinary system communicates with the “cyst.” Simple cysts and neoplasms will not show urine entering the mass; a calyceal diverticulum will, because it has an entrance.
Important stipulation in my experience: endometriosis and its surgeries
My story is complicated by the fact that I have endometriosis, which is a disease wherein cells resembling uterine cells occur outside the uterus. This is an extraordinarily painful condition that causes widespread inflammation due to the uterus-like cells’ having “menstrual periods” outside the uterus. It that can occur anywhere in the body; while most people’s disease presents primarily in the ovaries, uterus, and Fallopian tubes, the disease has been found in every organ in the body. In my case, my disease was confirmed to be extrapelvic as soon as my appendix pathology report revealed that my appendix had endometriosis on it; the cells existed beyond the typical pelvic organs.
I have already had two laparoscopies for endometriosis, and while these were immensely helpful in restoring my quality of life, every abdominal surgery comes with the risk of adhesions. Adhesions are bands of tissue that the body forms when it experiences inflammation or trauma. Endometriosis forms adhesions by itself, and surgery to remove it risks further adhesions. In 2020, when I had my radical excision surgery, my surgeon had to perform ureterolysis to cut my ureters free: whether from previous surgery in 2016 or the disease, my ureters were stuck to my uterus due to adhesions.
I share this because having endometriosis and its surgeries in my history affected my path to diagnosis and probably my pain pattern. (Endometriosis forms its own nerve endings, too!) But for the record, the kidney stones and the kidney surgery in my case were more painful than endometriosis…probably because they freaked out any remaining endometriosis.
(Sorry for no source on this endometriosis information. I am unfortunately very well-read on the disease! If you want to learn more, I recommend The Center for Endometriosis Care website and the book Beating Endo.)
What did the calyceal diverticulum feel like at first?
On a Tuesday in January 2024, I was trialing prazosin, an alpha blocker related to Flomax (tamsulosin) due to PTSD nightmares.
One day after taking this drug, I woke up with 8/10 pain muscle spasms in my “iliac crest,” which is the top edge of my pelvis, on the right side. I thought I had “slept funny” and the pain subsided after about 3 hours. I tried to roll around on a lacrosse ball, thinking it was a muscle spasm.
I took the prazosin for two more days. By that Thursday, the pain lasted more like 6 hours and did not go away; I had the muscle spasms as well as a feeling that there was “trapped gas” right at my waist, right on the side of my body. Because the pain stayed at 8/10, nothing would calm it down, and I couldn’t focus on work, I went to the ER. We did a CT scan and saw nothing different from my last CT for my appendectomy. They decided it was probably a kidney infection with strange presentation due to my endometriosis and sent me home with cefpodoxime, an antibiotic.
I finished the course of the antibiotic over 7 days and felt better.
But then the “trapped gas” feeling returned and lasted 18 hours. I went back to the ER, mostly concerned that I had failed antibiotics and the “infection” was getting worse. I made a urologist appointment while I was waiting in the ER because I suspected this might be beyond their mandate of ruling out anything life-threatening. We did another CT, and this time I really carefully read the results: inside what we had identified as a calyceal diverticulum in 2022 during my appendectomy CT scan were two kidney stones, each about 0.2mm. Because there was not much change from my last ER visit, the doctor at the ER did not think this explained how I was feeling. He did not want to send me home with antibiotics because he thought his colleagues were too cavalier with testing, but he did send for a urine culture and sent me home at least assured there was no emergency.
The culture came back, and I did test positive for E. Faecalis, which is a rarer bacteria to have, so the doctor at the ER urged me to get on Levaquin, an antibiotic, as soon as possible. (My endourologist later theorized this bacterium was an incidental finding; he thinks I just happened to be colonized with it and it was not causing symptoms. Regardless, it was not present in my culture before surgery.)
Again, I took almost the full course of the antibiotic and was feeling better and safer. I also saw a urologist, and she was skeptical it was an infection but told me to continue the course. She was pretty sure it was endometriosis-related but saw that I had seen my gynecologist, who has been treating me for 5 years, days prior who was pretty sure this was NOT consistent with what she had seen when we operated in 2020. The urologist said she felt this might be beyond her skills and referred me to one of her medical school colleagues who is a specialist in “complex anatomy” like calyceal diverticula as an endourologist professor at Lenox Hill in NYC.
But before I could see the endourologist, only one week after my last ER visit, I was in 9/10 pain for 7 hours overnight. I really did not want to go to the ER again, but I was vomiting, sweating, using the bathroom (both ways) constantly. After 7 hours not being able to get it to calm down, I went back to the ER.
The first thing they did was test me for sepsis, because I was being treated for an infection. They also did a CT scan again and then we saw it: one of the kidney stones had left the calyceal diverticulum and was stuck in the ureterovesicular junction (“UVJ”). By the time I was diagnosed, I was in 9/10 pain for 18 hours, so what we now know to be the renal colic phase lasted for 18 hours. They admitted me overnight to the hospital to observe and had me on ketorolac (Toradol) and oxycodone/acetaminophen (Percocet) every 6 hours alternating. The pain subsided the next morning.
Confirmation and surgery
Luckily, I had the endourologist appointment on the books already, and I got all of my images from the ER to bring to this doctor, letting him know I was confirmed to have passed the stone.
What he was able to do for me I will never forget: he showed me exactly why I was in enough pain for the ER each of the three weeks I went. Unlike a normal stone situation, a stone in a calyceal diverticulum has far more opportunities to get stuck. Also unlike a normal stone, you can feel the stone passing before it reaches the ureter because it has to leave via the narrow opening of the diverticulum. This means the pain can feel different and, due to its location within the kidney is more prone to being referred pain (pain you feel in a place other than where it originates). This is why I did not feel the pain in the classic place and why it felt much more like trapped gas. Furthermore, most radiologists do not have the same training as he did to identify where in the opening the stone was, which explained why they believed the stone was in the same place each time.
We wanted to take a “wait and see” approach on the second stone, but my body did not want to wait. As I was falling asleep one night in early March 2024, I felt that familiar “trapped gas” feeling, way too far right to be my intestines. This is 6/10 pain, so I could go to work for an important meeting, but I called to get an ultrasound and appointment right away. (We have since found that for my specific diverticulum, ultrasounds are not useful. I will need a CT urogram any time we want to visualize the kidney post-op.)
My doctor said that he wanted to attempt ureteroscopy before percutaneous nephrolithotomy because it is a less-invasive modality and we were worried about impacting any endometriosis. He had me sign paperwork consenting to either method, and it was a “game time” decision based on what he saw with the camera.
In the two-and-half week wait til surgery, his hypothesis gained traction: I would have days “on” with the pain and “off,” suggesting the stone was able to enter the diverticular opening and then flow back into the diverticulum. When I was in pain this time, I would also feel a lot of fatigue and brain fog that made it hard to work. This could be consistent with a kidney blockage, but it is hard to say for sure with an area so small.
The surgery, the stent, and the pain after the stent
The surgery itself went pretty well and only lasted 1.5 hours. The surgeon let me know that it was not easy to get into the diverticulum because the opening was not straight, as expected. He was, however, able to complete the surgery with only ureteroscopy. He removed a 0.2mm stone and observed that the stone was exactly the width of the opening, meaning it could absolutely flow into and out of it and get stuck for days. He widened the opening with laser to be “wider than a normal calyx” to allow for scarring, and, at my request to avoid further operations, ablated as much of the lining of the diverticulum as he could, encouraging it to close up.
While the surgery was uneventful, I am one of the unlucky ones who cannot tolerate a stent. This is probably due to my endometriosis, which leaves me in a heightened baseline of inflammation and nerve arousal, as well as the fact that, for me, the stent had to go into the diverticulum, which had been lasered and burned, in order for it to heal. I spent four hours in the recovery room while we tried to get my pain down to my goal of 7, which meant we needed to dose me, as we did in the ER, with ketorolac (Toradol) and oxycodone every 6 hours with no gaps in between.
I only had the stent in for 3 full days, and unfortunately, due to my specific circumstances, that was the worst pain I have ever been in. I was agnostic about 10/10 pain until this time, in which I felt like I was passing a stone and experiencing my worst endometriosis cramps at the same time. I was in 8-10/10 pain despite the painkiller regimen, and since we found that dilaudid does not work for me, this was good as they could do for me.
Thankfully, my surgeon listened to my experience and agreed to take the stent out as soon as was responsible: 72 hours later. The actual removal was uncomfortable but not painful beyond a “scrape” sensation in the urethra, and as soon as it was out, my husband noticed I could move as normal and was talking more like myself.
However, 1 out of 4 people will experience pain after the stent is removed, and risk factors include female anatomy, being “younger” (I am 31.) and having a stent in for less than or equal to 7 days.
The day of the removal I had some muscle spasms but was mostly so relieved that I slept all day.
34 hours after the removal, I experienced a feeling like I was passing a kidney stone. I was in 9/10 pain for 6 hours, feeling like I needed to move my bowels (which was not easy after opioids!) and having unrelenting spasms above my right iliac crest (top of pelvis). I was on ketorolac (Toradol) during this and knew what it was, but I otherwise may have gone back to the ER. I refused to take more opioids because my bowel was upset as well.
Today, I have had one episode of the iliac crest muscle spasms lasting an hour. I have found that crouching on the floor, against a wall, and/or going into “reclined butterfly pose” may help. It may just make me feel like I have more control over the situation.
I will update this post if I feel more pain in the coming days.
What’s next?
My endourologist/surgeon thinks it is very unlikely that I am “a stone-former” because the stones were only in the diverticulum and likely formed due to the urine reflux of that structure.
We will follow up in 3 weeks to see if the sensation I felt in March of the “trapped gas” recurs. If it does, only then would we do a CT urogram to see if the diverticular opening closer up to anywhere near its former width of 0.2mm.
This is unlikely because the surgeon lasered the opening very wide, “wider than a normal calyx,” to allow for scarring to take place. The ablation of the lining of the diverticulum should also take care of its tendency to collect urine.
I am not expected to have further stones or need for surgery, but he has seen cases of recurrence, so we need to manage my expectations.
Despite the extreme pain of the stent, I am content with my decision and hope that I do not have to go through this again. The one blessing in my case is, if this surgery succeeds, I should not have any further kidney stones.

Looking for something quality with the following specs: -Rechargeable -1000 lumen+ (preferably 1500+) but with 100 lumen+ runtime over 5 hours -2 way clip for using on a hat -magnetic end for working while in use -not extremely heavy/definitely pocket sized (would prefer ~3oz or less but willing to compromise if all other requirements are met) -would love something rechargeable or AA battery compatible but can live without, if all other requirements are met
Pros and enthusiasts Pleeeeease help me find the perfect EDC for work, this is a tool that will greatly impact my life for the better and even though I’ve spent hours reading reviews and doing homework I can’t seem to find the “right light”

I genuinely think I am going insane. In August 2023, I upgraded my PC from the AM4 platform to the AM5 platform. To provide a comprehensive overview, I will share the PcPartPicker lists for both PCs, along with the detailed specs here.
New: Ryzen 9 7900X3D (PBO enabled) EVGA 3080 Ti FTW3 Asus X670E Crosshair Extreme G.Skill 32GB (2 x 16) 7600mhz CAS36 Trident Z5 2TB Crucial T700 1TB Corsair MP600 Corsair AIO H170i 420mm Corsair 7000D case Corsair HX1500i PSU (ATX 3.0/PCie 5.0) (1500 W)
Old: Ryzen 7 5800X (Overclocked to 4.8 GHz, stable) EVGA 3080 Ti FTW3 MSI X570 Gaming Pro Carbon WI-FI G.Skill 32GB (2 x 16) 4000mhz CAS18 Trident Z 1TB Corsair MP600 2TB Seagate Barracuda HDD MSI AIO MPG CORELIQUID V2 360mm Corsair 7000D case Corsair RM 850x PSU (850 W)
Ever since I upgraded to the AM5 platform, in many games, within the first 1 - 10 minutes of launching (regardless of whether I stay in the lobby or queue into a match), my frames drop below 5 FPS and stay like that from anywhere between 20 seconds to 3 minutes. GPU utilization drops from 20% to 99% (depending on the game) to 1% to 5%. DPC latency for Nvidia and other drivers spikes like crazy. I've attached the LatencyMon reports.
Once it returns to normal, it STAYS normal until I restart my PC. The thing is, there are only some games like this. For example, it always happens in Valorant (not resource intensive) and Apex Legends (resource intensive). I play these two at low settings. However, it never happens in Forza Horizon 5 and Forza Motorsport (2023), and I play both at max settings in 1440p!
I've RMA'd the motherboard and CPU and even tried swapping the graphics card with a 4060, yet the issue still persisted. This never happens when I run Cinebench or casually use my PC. My BIOS, OS (Windows 11 23H2), and every single damn driver on my PC is up-to-date. I check every day for updates on everything. I may be the most up-to-date man in my city. I have also ruled out thermal throttling, as my CPU is stays below 75c when these drops happen, and before.
I've clean-installed Windows 11 countless times with no luck. I've played with no additional software on my PC, just drivers, and it still happens. I contacted NVIDIA support, but customer service couldn't fix it. I got forwarded to "level 2 tech support", and they said, "We will look into it on our side." I followed up consistently for weeks and never got a response back. I even made a new ticket, which got closed with no response. I even emailed their HQ (I think), and never got a response from them either.
I'm considering giving up and getting ready to splurge on a Ryzen 9 9900X when it's released. I believe it has something to do with the 3D-Vcache, and I prefer having a fixed overclock and finding its stable limits. At this point, I am insanely desperate for any fix. Please feel free to ask any questions that would help troubleshoot. Keep in mind that the screenshots were taken a few months ago when I submitted the support ticket to NVIDIA.
CONCLUSION _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Your system appears to be having trouble handling real-time audio and other tasks. You are likely to experience buffer underruns appearing as drop outs, clicks or pops. One or more DPC routines that belong to a driver running in your system appear to be executing for too long. One problem may be related to power management, disable CPU throttling settings in Control Panel and BIOS setup. Check for BIOS updates. LatencyMon has been analyzing your system for 0:05:49 (h:mm:ss) on all processors. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ SYSTEM INFORMATION _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Computer name: MAKEENSPC OS version: Windows 11, 10.0, version 2009, build: 22631 (x64) Hardware: System Product Name, ASUS BIOS: 1904 CPU: AuthenticAMD AMD Ryzen 9 7900X3D 12-Core Processor Logical processors: 24 Processor groups: 1 Processor group size: 24 RAM: 32470 MB total _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU SPEED _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Reported CPU speed (WMI): 4401 MHz Reported CPU speed (registry): 440 MHz Note: reported execution times may be calculated based on a fixed reported CPU speed. Disable variable speed settings like Intel Speed Step and AMD Cool N Quiet in the BIOS setup for more accurate results. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ MEASURED INTERRUPT TO USER PROCESS LATENCIES _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The interrupt to process latency reflects the measured interval that a usermode process needed to respond to a hardware request from the moment the interrupt service routine started execution. This includes the scheduling and execution of a DPC routine, the signaling of an event and the waking up of a usermode thread from an idle wait state in response to that event. Highest measured interrupt to process latency (µs): 31512.40 Average measured interrupt to process latency (µs): 11.033801 Highest measured interrupt to DPC latency (µs): 31504.10 Average measured interrupt to DPC latency (µs): 5.010260 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ REPORTED ISRs _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Interrupt service routines are routines installed by the OS and device drivers that execute in response to a hardware interrupt signal. Highest ISR routine execution time (µs): 414.60 Driver with highest ISR routine execution time: Wdf01000.sys - Kernel Mode Driver Framework Runtime, Microsoft Corporation Highest reported total ISR routine time (%): 0.001667 Driver with highest ISR total time: Wdf01000.sys - Kernel Mode Driver Framework Runtime, Microsoft Corporation Total time spent in ISRs (%) 0.001667 ISR count (execution time <250 µs): 64723 ISR count (execution time 250-500 µs): 0 ISR count (execution time 500-1000 µs): 9 ISR count (execution time 1000-2000 µs): 0 ISR count (execution time 2000-4000 µs): 0 ISR count (execution time >=4000 µs): 0 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ REPORTED DPCs _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ DPC routines are part of the interrupt servicing dispatch mechanism and disable the possibility for a process to utilize the CPU while it is interrupted until the DPC has finished execution. Highest DPC routine execution time (µs): 70738.720 Driver with highest DPC routine execution time: nvlddmkm.sys - NVIDIA Windows Kernel Mode Driver, Version 551.52 , NVIDIA Corporation Highest reported total DPC routine time (%): 0.055289 Driver with highest DPC total execution time: Wdf01000.sys - Kernel Mode Driver Framework Runtime, Microsoft Corporation Total time spent in DPCs (%) 0.156135 DPC count (execution time <250 µs): 537621 DPC count (execution time 250-500 µs): 0 DPC count (execution time 500-10000 µs): 196 DPC count (execution time 1000-2000 µs): 1698 DPC count (execution time 2000-4000 µs): 109 DPC count (execution time >=4000 µs): 271 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ REPORTED HARD PAGEFAULTS _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Hard pagefaults are events that get triggered by making use of virtual memory that is not resident in RAM but backed by a memory mapped file on disk. The process of resolving the hard pagefault requires reading in the memory from disk while the process is interrupted and blocked from execution. NOTE: some processes were hit by hard pagefaults. If these were programs producing audio, they are likely to interrupt the audio stream resulting in dropouts, clicks and pops. Check the Processes tab to see which programs were hit. Process with highest pagefault count: msmpeng.exe Total number of hard pagefaults 393 Hard pagefault count of hardest hit process: 167 Number of processes hit: 8 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ PER CPU DATA _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 0 Interrupt cycle time (s): 27.763093 CPU 0 ISR highest execution time (µs): 414.60 CPU 0 ISR total execution time (s): 0.108111 CPU 0 ISR count: 33785 CPU 0 DPC highest execution time (µs): 15653.070 CPU 0 DPC total execution time (s): 4.248667 CPU 0 DPC count: 114314 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 1 Interrupt cycle time (s): 61.040177 CPU 1 ISR highest execution time (µs): 247.010 CPU 1 ISR total execution time (s): 0.025783 CPU 1 ISR count: 19964 CPU 1 DPC highest execution time (µs): 70738.720 CPU 1 DPC total execution time (s): 8.533829 CPU 1 DPC count: 406668 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 2 Interrupt cycle time (s): 7.999166 CPU 2 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 2 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 2 ISR count: 0 CPU 2 DPC highest execution time (µs): 36.660 CPU 2 DPC total execution time (s): 0.003996 CPU 2 DPC count: 1902 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 3 Interrupt cycle time (s): 5.653989 CPU 3 ISR highest execution time (µs): 11.340 CPU 3 ISR total execution time (s): 0.000538 CPU 3 ISR count: 385 CPU 3 DPC highest execution time (µs): 47292.350 CPU 3 DPC total execution time (s): 0.110961 CPU 3 DPC count: 1718 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 4 Interrupt cycle time (s): 5.738759 CPU 4 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 4 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 4 ISR count: 0 CPU 4 DPC highest execution time (µs): 15736.80 CPU 4 DPC total execution time (s): 0.022466 CPU 4 DPC count: 2477 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 5 Interrupt cycle time (s): 5.353692 CPU 5 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 5 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 5 ISR count: 0 CPU 5 DPC highest execution time (µs): 39.90 CPU 5 DPC total execution time (s): 0.004773 CPU 5 DPC count: 1614 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 6 Interrupt cycle time (s): 5.838329 CPU 6 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 6 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 6 ISR count: 0 CPU 6 DPC highest execution time (µs): 15766.450 CPU 6 DPC total execution time (s): 0.018172 CPU 6 DPC count: 940 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 7 Interrupt cycle time (s): 5.835885 CPU 7 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 7 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 7 ISR count: 0 CPU 7 DPC highest execution time (µs): 15752.740 CPU 7 DPC total execution time (s): 0.017217 CPU 7 DPC count: 646 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 8 Interrupt cycle time (s): 6.119580 CPU 8 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 8 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 8 ISR count: 0 CPU 8 DPC highest execution time (µs): 47.940 CPU 8 DPC total execution time (s): 0.003918 CPU 8 DPC count: 1225 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 9 Interrupt cycle time (s): 6.123383 CPU 9 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 9 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 9 ISR count: 0 CPU 9 DPC highest execution time (µs): 15750.870 CPU 9 DPC total execution time (s): 0.018676 CPU 9 DPC count: 854 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 10 Interrupt cycle time (s): 5.654364 CPU 10 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 10 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 10 ISR count: 0 CPU 10 DPC highest execution time (µs): 36.290 CPU 10 DPC total execution time (s): 0.001585 CPU 10 DPC count: 563 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 11 Interrupt cycle time (s): 4.933098 CPU 11 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 11 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 11 ISR count: 0 CPU 11 DPC highest execution time (µs): 34.350 CPU 11 DPC total execution time (s): 0.001481 CPU 11 DPC count: 484 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 12 Interrupt cycle time (s): 4.489502 CPU 12 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 12 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 12 ISR count: 0 CPU 12 DPC highest execution time (µs): 15802.070 CPU 12 DPC total execution time (s): 0.017034 CPU 12 DPC count: 390 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 13 Interrupt cycle time (s): 3.922946 CPU 13 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 13 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 13 ISR count: 0 CPU 13 DPC highest execution time (µs): 15734.630 CPU 13 DPC total execution time (s): 0.016402 CPU 13 DPC count: 208 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 14 Interrupt cycle time (s): 4.980946 CPU 14 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 14 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 14 ISR count: 0 CPU 14 DPC highest execution time (µs): 54.90 CPU 14 DPC total execution time (s): 0.003271 CPU 14 DPC count: 851 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 15 Interrupt cycle time (s): 5.329617 CPU 15 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 15 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 15 ISR count: 0 CPU 15 DPC highest execution time (µs): 15787.0 CPU 15 DPC total execution time (s): 0.016904 CPU 15 DPC count: 390 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 16 Interrupt cycle time (s): 4.531875 CPU 16 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 16 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 16 ISR count: 0 CPU 16 DPC highest execution time (µs): 15785.580 CPU 16 DPC total execution time (s): 0.017499 CPU 16 DPC count: 453 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 17 Interrupt cycle time (s): 4.592284 CPU 17 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 17 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 17 ISR count: 0 CPU 17 DPC highest execution time (µs): 46.170 CPU 17 DPC total execution time (s): 0.000798 CPU 17 DPC count: 285 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 18 Interrupt cycle time (s): 3.837475 CPU 18 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 18 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 18 ISR count: 0 CPU 18 DPC highest execution time (µs): 41.550 CPU 18 DPC total execution time (s): 0.001068 CPU 18 DPC count: 260 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 19 Interrupt cycle time (s): 3.721595 CPU 19 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 19 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 19 ISR count: 0 CPU 19 DPC highest execution time (µs): 15791.680 CPU 19 DPC total execution time (s): 0.016658 CPU 19 DPC count: 228 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 20 Interrupt cycle time (s): 3.620598 CPU 20 ISR highest execution time (µs): 2.740 CPU 20 ISR total execution time (s): 0.000571 CPU 20 ISR count: 1069 CPU 20 DPC highest execution time (µs): 83.530 CPU 20 DPC total execution time (s): 0.001440 CPU 20 DPC count: 343 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 21 Interrupt cycle time (s): 3.626609 CPU 21 ISR highest execution time (µs): 3.250 CPU 21 ISR total execution time (s): 0.001416 CPU 21 ISR count: 2806 CPU 21 DPC highest execution time (µs): 83.180 CPU 21 DPC total execution time (s): 0.003384 CPU 21 DPC count: 940 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 22 Interrupt cycle time (s): 3.571501 CPU 22 ISR highest execution time (µs): 1.960 CPU 22 ISR total execution time (s): 0.000576 CPU 22 ISR count: 1059 CPU 22 DPC highest execution time (µs): 47.140 CPU 22 DPC total execution time (s): 0.009259 CPU 22 DPC count: 1287 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 23 Interrupt cycle time (s): 3.554794 CPU 23 ISR highest execution time (µs): 8.0 CPU 23 ISR total execution time (s): 0.002821 CPU 23 ISR count: 5664 CPU 23 DPC highest execution time (µs): 64.620 CPU 23 DPC total execution time (s): 0.007121 CPU 23 DPC count: 855 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I genuinely think I am going insane. In August 2023, I upgraded my PC from the AM4 platform to the AM5 platform. To provide a comprehensive overview, I will share the PcPartPicker lists for both PCs, along with the detailed specs here. New: Ryzen 9 7900X3D (PBO enabled) EVGA 3080 Ti FTW3 Asus X670E Crosshair Extreme G.Skill 32GB (2 x 16) 7600mhz CAS36 Trident Z5 2TB Crucial T700 1TB Corsair MP600 Corsair AIO H170i 420mm Corsair 7000D case Corsair HX1500i PSU (ATX 3.0/PCie 5.0) (1500 W)
Old: Ryzen 7 5800X (Overclocked to 4.8 GHz, stable) EVGA 3080 Ti FTW3 MSI X570 Gaming Pro Carbon WI-FI G.Skill 32GB (2 x 16) 4000mhz CAS18 Trident Z 1TB Corsair MP600 2TB Seagate Barracuda HDD MSI AIO MPG CORELIQUID V2 360mm Corsair 7000D case Corsair RM 850x PSU (850 W)
Ever since I upgraded to the AM5 platform, in many games, within the first 1 - 10 minutes of launching (regardless of whether I stay in the lobby or queue into a match), my frames drop below 5 FPS and stay like that from anywhere between 20 seconds to 3 minutes. GPU utilization drops from 20% to 99% (depending on the game) to 1% to 5%. DPC latency for Nvidia and other drivers spikes like crazy. I've attached the LatencyMon reports. Once it returns to normal, it STAYS normal until I restart my PC. The thing is, there are only some games like this. For example, it always happens in Valorant (not resource intensive) and Apex Legends (resource intensive). I play these two at low settings. However, it never happens in Forza Horizon 5 and Forza Motorsport (2023), and I play both at max settings in 1440p! I've RMA'd the motherboard and CPU and even tried swapping the graphics card with a 4060, yet the issue still persisted. This never happens when I run Cinebench or casually use my PC. My BIOS, OS (Windows 11 23H2), and every single damn driver on my PC is up-to-date. I check every day for updates on everything. I may be the most up-to-date man in my city. I have also ruled out thermal throttling, as my CPU is stays below 75c when these drops happen, and before. I've clean-installed Windows 11 countless times with no luck. I've played with no additional software on my PC, just drivers, and it still happens. I contacted NVIDIA support, but customer service couldn't fix it. I got forwarded to "level 2 tech support", and they said, "We will look into it on our side." I followed up consistently for weeks and never got a response back. I even made a new ticket, which got closed with no response. I even emailed their HQ (I think), and never got a response from them either. I'm considering giving up and getting ready to splurge on a Ryzen 9 9900X when it's released. I believe it has something to do with the 3D-Vcache, and I prefer having a fixed overclock and finding its stable limits. At this point, I am insanely desperate for any fix. Please feel free to ask any questions that would help troubleshoot. Keep in mind that the screenshots were taken a few months ago when I submitted the support ticket to NVIDIA.
​
CONCLUSION _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Your system appears to be having trouble handling real-time audio and other tasks. You are likely to experience buffer underruns appearing as drop outs, clicks or pops. One or more DPC routines that belong to a driver running in your system appear to be executing for too long. One problem may be related to power management, disable CPU throttling settings in Control Panel and BIOS setup. Check for BIOS updates. LatencyMon has been analyzing your system for 0:05:49 (h:mm:ss) on all processors. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ SYSTEM INFORMATION _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Computer name: MAKEENSPC OS version: Windows 11, 10.0, version 2009, build: 22631 (x64) Hardware: System Product Name, ASUS BIOS: 1904 CPU: AuthenticAMD AMD Ryzen 9 7900X3D 12-Core Processor Logical processors: 24 Processor groups: 1 Processor group size: 24 RAM: 32470 MB total _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU SPEED _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Reported CPU speed (WMI): 4401 MHz Reported CPU speed (registry): 440 MHz Note: reported execution times may be calculated based on a fixed reported CPU speed. Disable variable speed settings like Intel Speed Step and AMD Cool N Quiet in the BIOS setup for more accurate results. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ MEASURED INTERRUPT TO USER PROCESS LATENCIES _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The interrupt to process latency reflects the measured interval that a usermode process needed to respond to a hardware request from the moment the interrupt service routine started execution. This includes the scheduling and execution of a DPC routine, the signaling of an event and the waking up of a usermode thread from an idle wait state in response to that event. Highest measured interrupt to process latency (µs): 31512.40 Average measured interrupt to process latency (µs): 11.033801 Highest measured interrupt to DPC latency (µs): 31504.10 Average measured interrupt to DPC latency (µs): 5.010260 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ REPORTED ISRs _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Interrupt service routines are routines installed by the OS and device drivers that execute in response to a hardware interrupt signal. Highest ISR routine execution time (µs): 414.60 Driver with highest ISR routine execution time: Wdf01000.sys - Kernel Mode Driver Framework Runtime, Microsoft Corporation Highest reported total ISR routine time (%): 0.001667 Driver with highest ISR total time: Wdf01000.sys - Kernel Mode Driver Framework Runtime, Microsoft Corporation Total time spent in ISRs (%) 0.001667 ISR count (execution time <250 µs): 64723 ISR count (execution time 250-500 µs): 0 ISR count (execution time 500-1000 µs): 9 ISR count (execution time 1000-2000 µs): 0 ISR count (execution time 2000-4000 µs): 0 ISR count (execution time >=4000 µs): 0 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ REPORTED DPCs _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ DPC routines are part of the interrupt servicing dispatch mechanism and disable the possibility for a process to utilize the CPU while it is interrupted until the DPC has finished execution. Highest DPC routine execution time (µs): 70738.720 Driver with highest DPC routine execution time: nvlddmkm.sys - NVIDIA Windows Kernel Mode Driver, Version 551.52 , NVIDIA Corporation Highest reported total DPC routine time (%): 0.055289 Driver with highest DPC total execution time: Wdf01000.sys - Kernel Mode Driver Framework Runtime, Microsoft Corporation Total time spent in DPCs (%) 0.156135 DPC count (execution time <250 µs): 537621 DPC count (execution time 250-500 µs): 0 DPC count (execution time 500-10000 µs): 196 DPC count (execution time 1000-2000 µs): 1698 DPC count (execution time 2000-4000 µs): 109 DPC count (execution time >=4000 µs): 271 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ REPORTED HARD PAGEFAULTS _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Hard pagefaults are events that get triggered by making use of virtual memory that is not resident in RAM but backed by a memory mapped file on disk. The process of resolving the hard pagefault requires reading in the memory from disk while the process is interrupted and blocked from execution. NOTE: some processes were hit by hard pagefaults. If these were programs producing audio, they are likely to interrupt the audio stream resulting in dropouts, clicks and pops. Check the Processes tab to see which programs were hit. Process with highest pagefault count: msmpeng.exe Total number of hard pagefaults 393 Hard pagefault count of hardest hit process: 167 Number of processes hit: 8 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ PER CPU DATA _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 0 Interrupt cycle time (s): 27.763093 CPU 0 ISR highest execution time (µs): 414.60 CPU 0 ISR total execution time (s): 0.108111 CPU 0 ISR count: 33785 CPU 0 DPC highest execution time (µs): 15653.070 CPU 0 DPC total execution time (s): 4.248667 CPU 0 DPC count: 114314 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 1 Interrupt cycle time (s): 61.040177 CPU 1 ISR highest execution time (µs): 247.010 CPU 1 ISR total execution time (s): 0.025783 CPU 1 ISR count: 19964 CPU 1 DPC highest execution time (µs): 70738.720 CPU 1 DPC total execution time (s): 8.533829 CPU 1 DPC count: 406668 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 2 Interrupt cycle time (s): 7.999166 CPU 2 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 2 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 2 ISR count: 0 CPU 2 DPC highest execution time (µs): 36.660 CPU 2 DPC total execution time (s): 0.003996 CPU 2 DPC count: 1902 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 3 Interrupt cycle time (s): 5.653989 CPU 3 ISR highest execution time (µs): 11.340 CPU 3 ISR total execution time (s): 0.000538 CPU 3 ISR count: 385 CPU 3 DPC highest execution time (µs): 47292.350 CPU 3 DPC total execution time (s): 0.110961 CPU 3 DPC count: 1718 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 4 Interrupt cycle time (s): 5.738759 CPU 4 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 4 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 4 ISR count: 0 CPU 4 DPC highest execution time (µs): 15736.80 CPU 4 DPC total execution time (s): 0.022466 CPU 4 DPC count: 2477 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 5 Interrupt cycle time (s): 5.353692 CPU 5 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 5 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 5 ISR count: 0 CPU 5 DPC highest execution time (µs): 39.90 CPU 5 DPC total execution time (s): 0.004773 CPU 5 DPC count: 1614 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 6 Interrupt cycle time (s): 5.838329 CPU 6 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 6 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 6 ISR count: 0 CPU 6 DPC highest execution time (µs): 15766.450 CPU 6 DPC total execution time (s): 0.018172 CPU 6 DPC count: 940 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 7 Interrupt cycle time (s): 5.835885 CPU 7 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 7 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 7 ISR count: 0 CPU 7 DPC highest execution time (µs): 15752.740 CPU 7 DPC total execution time (s): 0.017217 CPU 7 DPC count: 646 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 8 Interrupt cycle time (s): 6.119580 CPU 8 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 8 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 8 ISR count: 0 CPU 8 DPC highest execution time (µs): 47.940 CPU 8 DPC total execution time (s): 0.003918 CPU 8 DPC count: 1225 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 9 Interrupt cycle time (s): 6.123383 CPU 9 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 9 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 9 ISR count: 0 CPU 9 DPC highest execution time (µs): 15750.870 CPU 9 DPC total execution time (s): 0.018676 CPU 9 DPC count: 854 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 10 Interrupt cycle time (s): 5.654364 CPU 10 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 10 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 10 ISR count: 0 CPU 10 DPC highest execution time (µs): 36.290 CPU 10 DPC total execution time (s): 0.001585 CPU 10 DPC count: 563 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 11 Interrupt cycle time (s): 4.933098 CPU 11 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 11 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 11 ISR count: 0 CPU 11 DPC highest execution time (µs): 34.350 CPU 11 DPC total execution time (s): 0.001481 CPU 11 DPC count: 484 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 12 Interrupt cycle time (s): 4.489502 CPU 12 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 12 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 12 ISR count: 0 CPU 12 DPC highest execution time (µs): 15802.070 CPU 12 DPC total execution time (s): 0.017034 CPU 12 DPC count: 390 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 13 Interrupt cycle time (s): 3.922946 CPU 13 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 13 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 13 ISR count: 0 CPU 13 DPC highest execution time (µs): 15734.630 CPU 13 DPC total execution time (s): 0.016402 CPU 13 DPC count: 208 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 14 Interrupt cycle time (s): 4.980946 CPU 14 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 14 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 14 ISR count: 0 CPU 14 DPC highest execution time (µs): 54.90 CPU 14 DPC total execution time (s): 0.003271 CPU 14 DPC count: 851 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 15 Interrupt cycle time (s): 5.329617 CPU 15 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 15 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 15 ISR count: 0 CPU 15 DPC highest execution time (µs): 15787.0 CPU 15 DPC total execution time (s): 0.016904 CPU 15 DPC count: 390 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 16 Interrupt cycle time (s): 4.531875 CPU 16 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 16 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 16 ISR count: 0 CPU 16 DPC highest execution time (µs): 15785.580 CPU 16 DPC total execution time (s): 0.017499 CPU 16 DPC count: 453 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 17 Interrupt cycle time (s): 4.592284 CPU 17 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 17 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 17 ISR count: 0 CPU 17 DPC highest execution time (µs): 46.170 CPU 17 DPC total execution time (s): 0.000798 CPU 17 DPC count: 285 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 18 Interrupt cycle time (s): 3.837475 CPU 18 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 18 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 18 ISR count: 0 CPU 18 DPC highest execution time (µs): 41.550 CPU 18 DPC total execution time (s): 0.001068 CPU 18 DPC count: 260 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 19 Interrupt cycle time (s): 3.721595 CPU 19 ISR highest execution time (µs): 0.0 CPU 19 ISR total execution time (s): 0.0 CPU 19 ISR count: 0 CPU 19 DPC highest execution time (µs): 15791.680 CPU 19 DPC total execution time (s): 0.016658 CPU 19 DPC count: 228 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 20 Interrupt cycle time (s): 3.620598 CPU 20 ISR highest execution time (µs): 2.740 CPU 20 ISR total execution time (s): 0.000571 CPU 20 ISR count: 1069 CPU 20 DPC highest execution time (µs): 83.530 CPU 20 DPC total execution time (s): 0.001440 CPU 20 DPC count: 343 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 21 Interrupt cycle time (s): 3.626609 CPU 21 ISR highest execution time (µs): 3.250 CPU 21 ISR total execution time (s): 0.001416 CPU 21 ISR count: 2806 CPU 21 DPC highest execution time (µs): 83.180 CPU 21 DPC total execution time (s): 0.003384 CPU 21 DPC count: 940 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 22 Interrupt cycle time (s): 3.571501 CPU 22 ISR highest execution time (µs): 1.960 CPU 22 ISR total execution time (s): 0.000576 CPU 22 ISR count: 1059 CPU 22 DPC highest execution time (µs): 47.140 CPU 22 DPC total execution time (s): 0.009259 CPU 22 DPC count: 1287 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CPU 23 Interrupt cycle time (s): 3.554794 CPU 23 ISR highest execution time (µs): 8.0 CPU 23 ISR total execution time (s): 0.002821 CPU 23 ISR count: 5664 CPU 23 DPC highest execution time (µs): 64.620 CPU 23 DPC total execution time (s): 0.007121 CPU 23 DPC count: 855 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________

So I’m looking for my first interchangeable lens camera. The idea of the APSC was because I’ll be using it when on holidays/hiking and the lens price is slightly cheaper than FF. I’m also looking at filming my wedding next year in Italy (or a member of the family will be with a tripod set up).
My original budget was up to £1000 for the camera alone but I don’t see many recommendations for the A6600 (more for the 6400) the a6700 seems to have a lot of reviews with it being newer but is it worth the £600 more currently? Obviously that would be the price of a decent lens and I will be more of a hobby shooter than pro. I just don’t want to purchase an inferior camera that’s going to be out of date anytime soon (a6600) any advice or recommendations would help. Thanks

So I’m looking for my first interchangeable lens camera. The idea of the APSC was because I’ll be using it when on holidays/hiking and the lens price is slightly cheaper than FF. I’m also looking at filming my wedding next year in Italy (or a member of the family will be with a tripod set up).
My original budget was up to £1000 for the camera alone but I don’t see many recommendations for the A6600 (more for the 6400) the a6700 seems to have a lot of reviews with it being newer but is it worth the £600 more currently? Obviously that would be the price of a decent lens and I will be more of a hobby shooter than pro. I just don’t want to purchase an inferior camera that’s going to be out of date anytime soon (a6600) any advice or recommendations would help. Thanks

So I’m looking for my first interchangeable lens camera. The idea of the APSC was because I’ll be using it when on holidays/hiking and the lens price is slightly cheaper than FF. I’m also looking at filming my wedding next year in Italy (or a member of the family will be with a tripod set up).
My original budget was up to £1000 for the camera alone but I don’t see many recommendations for the A6600 (more for the 6400) the a6700 seems to have a lot of reviews with it being newer but is it worth the £600 more currently? Obviously that would be the price of a decent lens and I will be more of a hobby shooter than pro. I just don’t want to purchase an inferior camera that’s going to be out of date anytime soon (a6600) any advice or recommendations would help. Thanks

On theories explaining facts—

The recent post (How was it determined that Evolution is a Scientific Theory? : evolution) got me thinking:
Darwin & Wallace's original paper (the one hastily written a year before Origin) should still be cited.
So, I went and looked, and yes, so here's what I found, which I thought to share because I've found it 1) cool, historically; and 2) illustrative of how a scientific theory brings facts together—TL;DR: Darwin and Wallace explained how what farmers have known for millennia could apply generally to life.
(Emphasis below mine)
The random paper I found from this century:

Some of the first ideas on how biodiversity could affect the way ecosystems function are attributable to Darwin and Wallace28,83, who stated that a diverse mixture of plants should be more productive than a monoculture. They also suggested the underlying biological mechanism: because coexisting species differ ecologically, loss of a species could result in vacant niche-space and potential impacts on ecosystem processes. Defining ecological niches is not straightforward, but Darwin and Wallace's hypothesis, if correct, provides a general biological principle which predicts that intact, diverse communities are generally more stable and function better than versions that have lost species. Recent experimental evidence (reviewed by Chapin et al., pages 234–242, and McCann, pages 228–233), although pointing out important exceptions, generally supports this idea.

• Purvis, Andy, and Andy Hector. "Getting the measure of biodiversity." Nature 405.6783 (2000): 212-219. https://doi.org/10.1038/35012221

And the relevant section from the 1858 paper:

6. Another principle, which may be called the principle of divergence, plays, I believe, an important part in the origin of species. The same spot will support more life if occupied by very diverse forms. We see this in the many generic forms in a square yard of turf, and in the plants or insects on any little uniform islet, belonging almost invariably to as many genera and families as species. We can understand the meaning of this fact amongst the higher animals, whose habits we understand. We know that it has been experimentally shown that a plot of land will yield a greater weight if sown with several species and genera of grasses, than if sown with only two or three species. Now, every organic being, by propagating so rapidly, may be said to be striving its utmost to increase in numbers. So it will be with the offspring of any species after it has become diversified into varieties, or subspecies, or true species. And it follows, I think, from the foregoing facts, that the varying offspring of each species will try (only few will succeed) to seize on as many and as diverse places in the economy of nature as possible. Each new variety or species, when formed, will generally take the place of, and thus exterminate its less well-fitted parent. This I believe to be the origin of the classification and affinities of organic beings at all times; for organic beings always seem to branch and sub-branch like the limbs of a tree from a common trunk, the flourishing and diverging twigs destroying the less vigorous—the dead and lost branches rudely representing extinct genera and families.

• Darwin, Charles, and Alfred Wallace. "On the tendency of species to form varieties; and on the perpetuation of varieties and species by natural means of selection." Journal of the proceedings of the Linnean Society of London. Zoology 3.9 (1858): 45-62. wikisource.org

Side note: Yes, Darwin got some stuff wrong in Origin (and those were presented speculatively), and we now know a lot more—theories expand and update.

Hello PMs fam! I have some great deals for you today, but first things first.
We all know security is a big deal, so with that I wanted to let you know that I have 2 factor authorization on my account and it is good to go! Never give out your passwords to anyone (even if they say they're a mod, especially if they say they're a mod cause they would never ask for it in the first place.)
Shipping is $8, USPS Priority SFRB unless otherwise noted.
I DONT SHIP FIRST (unless your u/glasspanther or of similar status)
Payments accepted Zelle, PPFF, venmo (i have this but never used it), also will accept cash shipped priority SFRB (its fast and secure and ill cover the cost of shipping to you. If that's how you wanna roll I would say registered but that takes fooorrrrreeevver.
On to the Goods!
PROOF /// ALBUM

Jewelry

• 22" sterling silver necklace (just had verified markings wore off) 118+ .925 sterling - $200 ($1.70/g)

PREMIUMS

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• 100th anniversary card 1864-1964 The First National Bank & Trust of Marquette, MI 1923 Peace Dollar on card in cello - $45
• PCGS MS-68 Buffalo silver dollar commemorative 90% - $85
• ANACS MS-69 Buffalo silver dollar commemorative 90% - $100 ($25 Below recent sold listing on feebay)

BARS

• 10 oz Engelhard P loaf waffle back - $400
• 1 oz Silvertown bar - $35
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• 5x 1 oz Silverback Precious Metals bar by Kinesis Mint serials 396-400 sold as lot - $200

COINS US AND WORLD 999 AND 9999

• 1987 ASE - $40
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• 2022 Gibraltar War Elephant - $40
• 2021 Anguilla sailing regatta - $40
• 2020 St. Kitts and Nevis Siege of Brimstone Hill - $40
• 2023 Somalia african wildlife Elephant - $35
• 2019 Somalia African wildlife Leopard - $45
• 2x Armenia Noahs Ark coins $35 ea
• 5x South Afrika Krugerrands - $36 ea or $175 for all
• 7x Austria Phillharmonics with milk - $34 ea or $230 for all
• 15x 1/10th oz Brittanias King type in tube missing 1 from tube - $100
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• 2018 Canada high relief dragon - $50

MAPLES

price as listed below BIN all 13 for $450 and get a free 2+ gram bag of shot and free shipping!

• 1989 stunning - $40
• 2009 6x - $36 ea or $210 for the lot
• 2015 4x - $36 ea or $140 for the lot
• 2022 - $36
• 2024 - $34

ROUNDS

• 2022 Republic of Korea Komsco mint Phoenix - $45
• 6x vintage rounds and trade units - $35 ea or $200 for the lot

NEAR SPOT / @ SPOT AND UNDER SPOT deals! Sold

• Generic Rounds 25 total sold
• 5x minimum - $160 ($32 ea .50 above spot) sold
• 10x - $315 (spot) sold
• 20x - $620 + free shipping --- all 25 $775 + free shipping (.50 under spot) sold
• $9 fv 40% Kennedy halves (18) - $36 (under melt) sold
• 15x war nickels - $22 (under melt) sold

^{DISCLAIMER: I WILL HAND DELIVER TO THE POST OFFICE ON MONDAY OR TUESDAY (ALL DEPENDS ON HOW MANY PEOPLE BUY AND HOW MUCH ACTUALLY SELLS}. ONCE ITS IN THEIR HANDS THERES NOT MUCH I CAN DO IF A PROBLEM ARRISES, MY POSTMASTER IS COOL AND VERY WILLING TO TRY TO HELP RESOLVE PROBLEMS. STAY SAFE, PROTECT YOURSELF OUT THERE!)

Hello everyone, I've been wanting to make this post for a while and now here we are ! This is a long post but ENJOY !!!
Another Eden is now 7 years old which means many stories, characters and an entire world...or rather time periods/timelines that currently exists. So here's the question, what's your Another Eden Hall of Fame ? Both Meta and Non Meta related.
Note: Remember that what I'm about to write is based SOLELY ON MY OPINION but I'm interested to see what my fellow Residents of Time's Forgotten Keep think ! Without further ado, let's start:

1. Best Story Protagonist (Excluding Aldo): Nona
   Another Eden is composed of many stories and they are NOT always centered around Aldo which is the game's protagonist, few examples of that being Deirdre in the Knights Episodes/Nona in Apocrypha and Wryz from the recent Wryz Saga. My pick is Nona because she has BY FAR the best character development and to me she took the spotlight in the entire Apocrypha. In fact I'd argue that if Another Eden had the "Choose your Protagonist" Aldo would be the Male Protagonist and Nona would be the Female one because she's litterally the Protogonist of Apocrypha and it can be regarded as a "Game within a game" so yea that says alot.
   
2. Best Side Story: Western Mythos (Song of Sword and Wings of Lost Paradise)
   The Western Mythos is the best story in my opinion (And actually alot of players do agree with me on that). The Zerberiya continent, the world, the cast of characters and the story is phenomenal from it's 1st chapter to the finale. I know that people will tell me Future Mythos is also great but it doesn't have THAT impact on me as much as the Western Mythos did.
   

Which is why (Rant Warning!) WFS ! WHERE'S MY WESTERN EXPANSTION !!! WHY DID YOU FORGOT THAT ZERBERIYA EXISTS ?? WE NEED MORE OF PEAK !! That is hurting me alot !! The only story which is a close second is Apocrypha but Western Mythos is the far better one and I'm thankful for Another Eden for creating that. I do hope that the Highly Rumored Eastern Mythos would be just as good because speaking of...

1. Best Main Story: Main Story Part 2 (Tales of the East)
   There are currently four Main Stories: Main Story Part 1;Main Story Part 1.5 (Ogre Wars) ;Main Story Part 2 (Tales of the East) and the currently Main Story Part 3 (Into the Hollow).
   In my mind while having played all of those stories, I still find myself being drawn and attached to the Eastern Continent ! Because I truly love the setting ! WFS clearly nailed it and even so when you consider the amount of "Eastern" Personality characters that are in the game which is the highest in the game at 30 characters (Not counting AS/ES). Heck I'm currently replaying the Main Story Part 2 because I enjoyed it even better than the current Part 3 which from a pure gameplay sure it's better but in terms of Story/Characters and OST then to me nothing beats the Garulea Continent (Present/Past/Future and Underworld) !
   

Alot of people in the sub love Eastern characters, most notably u/NoWaifuN0Laifu who like Hozuki, an Eastern sensual Fox Lady so yea there's that.
This is in part why I'm extremely hyped for Eastern Mythos and I can't wait for it ! And Yukino Alter (One of the main things keeping me attached to Another Eden)

1. Best Character Quest: Melissa
   Melissa is by far the best Character Quest and ask any veteran player and he'll tell you that. It's also the darkest and the saddest one in the entire game and it's special in the fact that Aldo IS NOT PRESENT in it at all ! Imagine THAT ! I won't say more because of spoilers but if you don't have Melissa you can just search on Youtube as her CQ is there and you can watch it ! If you have her but have not played her quest...WHAT ARE YOU WAITING for ? DO IT !
   
2. Best Character: Yukino
   This is subjective and my AE subreddit flair checks out, I love Yukino so much since her introduction, apart from me having a thing for women/girls with Ice powers, her story and how she was created (Also she's Eastern as well so another point !) also her relationship to Tsukiha so no need to say more!
   
3. Best Antagonist/Villain: Guildna (Main Story Part 1)
   The reason why to me Guildna is the best villain is NOT what you think it is ! Another Eden is a game centered around stories Beyond Time and Space there I said it but while there are really good villainy characters like for instance the Empress/Emperor of the Land of Mi and Shin (Again Eastern !) Garneli and Genshin but Guildna is special because he made me appreciate Main Story Part 1 alot more then the other characters, it tells you what happened if Guildna makes some impactful decisions in the storyline. Besides without Guildna there's no Aldo and therefore no Another Eden !
   
4. Best Cat Companion: Kuchiba
   I love the Siamese Cat Breed and Kuchiba IS the only one in the game in whom I didn't change ever since I found her years ago in Vermillion Road (Another Eastern Reference, see what I told you)
   
5. Best NPC: Some Guy
   He's Scott literally everywhere in the game. From the past to the future, from Zerberiya to Garulea, heck even in the Hollow you'll find him ! There's no way I make a list without appreciating "Some Guy" and his deeds to the game.
   
6. Best Frog: Cyrus (He's Eastern aswell ! I tell you this is why the Eastern Setting is THE BEST !!)
   
7. Best Main Cast Character: Guildna
   
8. Best Mascot: Varuo
   If Moke wasn't released as a playable Sidekick he would have been my pick but now I have to choose the 2nd best IMO and that's Varuo. The Iconic Cat mascot in the game.
   
9. Best Boss: Caroline and Justine (From Persona 5 Royal part 2 Collab)
   This boss used to be the hardest boss in the game for a long time and for good reason as it has alot of HP stoppers and has TONS of HP, while the boss has been powercrept and now easy with the recent units...back than it was a pain, another close second would be the Toova AS Manifest Battle which used to be the hardest Manifest fight in the entire game because of Toova AS insane fixed DMG and RNG involved.
   
10. Best OST: エルの唄～メリナ Song of Sword and Wings of Lost Paradise ED ~ The Stifling Song Melina Edition
    The best theme for the best story in the game, everytime I hear the OST I unconsciously start humming and even start tearing up because it's JUST THAT GOOD and after playing the Western Mythos and knowing what the lyrics means...man it hits hard ! A close second is Apex Logic and Cardinal Scales ED ~ Immaculate Full Version but let's be real ! The game is full of the best OST in a game ever !
    
11. Best Battle OST: Apex Logic and Cardinal Scales ~ Last Notes of the Battle Song Alter Dewey Boss Theme.
    This one is hard to choose as the game is packed full of Bangers in the Battle Theme departement but this one personally gets me all hyped...besides even you didn't reach that part of the game it still hypes you up ! A close second is First Knight and The Holy Sword ~ Dear My Dearest -Prayer of the Holy War- as I loved the Knights Episode Story so much and love the plot twist which leaves to this battle.
    

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Now let's go to the Meta:

1. Best Free Character: Nona AS
   Seriously she's by far the most flexible free character in the game, yea sure it takes a bit to get her but she can give 1/3 of her stats to anyone and she can mold her kit into the unit she's devoted to including zone setting/element and attack type change etc... She's even more good when used with Aldo (And it's canon aswell as she's devoted to Aldo and loves him so much which he also does (Not in a friend way btw)) and we know SA Aldo is OP especially at 255 Light so yea !
   
2. Best Zone Setter: Iphi
   To qualify for The Best, a unit doesn't just has to set a zone but it needs to have OP effects with the zone setting skill/VC and to me no one who's better at that than Iphi, her zone setting skill Walpurgisnacht is seriously broken: First of all the skill is Pre-emptive; you get the best elemental zone (Shade zone); you get Blood Contract which gives you survivability and Lunatic Risktaker; you get 5T Magic Focus and if you recast it, you get Kaleido switch to Shade element for 1T for all units...ALL OF THOSE in a single skill and moreso when you realise that these are all skills you usually see in Stellar Awakening Locked-Behind recent units in a unit released a year ago
   
3. Best Damage Dealer (DPS): Xianhua
   Before Xianhua got released and broke the DPS meta, Yakumo and Sesta used to dominate that market but now Xianhua is the best end of question ! The reason being that her DPS potential is not locked behind her SA skill as most recent units does.
   
4. Best True Tank: Radias AS
   Some people might argue that Radias AS is being powercrept but to me a Tank is more than just high HP/DEF/DMG Mitigation via Shield or Debuffs but to me a Tank in AE needs to have Guard and Rage and to me Radias AS is still the best one even if she's now almost 2 years old. While Alma AS is alot more recent and has all of those she's more of a Secondary DPS/Support than a tank and her Guard is conditional; Soira AS doesn't have Guard;Anabel ES doesn't have Guard nor Rage and Prai is constrained by Stun after Guard
   
5. Best Support: Myunfa Alter
   I tried alot of units but to me no one can do support/sustain in the entire game than Myunfa Alter, seriously her kit is a dream to every one, she has everything you can think of, YEP EVERY.SINGLE.SUPPORT.EFFECT in her kit. If you have the fourth slot (80 light) she's even better, she support the entire party but more so the unit on her right:
   

* She can heal HP and MP and reduce MP consumption.
* She can tank (Tho not with Guard but with DMG mitigation such as -50% DMG taken, a 2000 Max HP Shield and insane debuffs + Buff END/SPR).
* She can set Earh/Magic Zone (3 Staff users+) and can awaken any zone.
* She can give Magic and Singular Focus.
* She can give Weapon Type DMG and Weakness Multiplier.
* She can give Status and Knockback Immunity.
* She set 3T pain/poison ignore res.
Yes everything I said above is in her kit, what's more is that she can do most of these preemptively and do you know what's more insane ! She's not bound by the Stellar Awakening System !

1. Best Healer: Anabel ES
   She can heal 50% HP/15% MP but unlike Radias AS which can also do it in a counter, if you put her in Guiding Light she gets +50% DMG and Healing meaning she can potentially heals 100% HP ! Something only seen in EX Attacks in ES characters and that one requires complex setting.
   
2. Best Pain/Poison Setter and DoT (Damage over Time) user: Pom AS
   A Best Pain/Poison setter doesn't just have to set p/p ignore res as most units can do that but can use p/p as DoT (Damage over Time) and no one can do it better then Pom. Heck 4⭐ Pom has been known for her gimmick of giving p/p if you have the appropriate equipment and there's Grasta Ores that gives +50% DMG if user is inflicted with Pain/Poison so yea.
   
3. Best AF user: Miyu ES
   To qualify for this the unit has to benefit more from using AF (Another Force) either by doing more DPS in AF or get easy AF Combo Multiplier, it's been known that Thunder units are the ones who can use AF efficiently and while the current Meta revolves around DMG outside AF, some units only shines in AF and Miyu ES is just that, a close second would be Victor AS but he can be tricky to use as you need the AF Combo to 1000% for him to deal 7300% DMG Multiplier but in a Thunder Team with high SPD it's possible.
   
4. Best Singer: Milsha AS
   While Singing has been powercrept by Praying, I still use Singing units from time to time and Milsha AS is by far the best from the best, seriously her 2 songs can give different Lunatic to the entire party depending on the Song being user (Sacrifice and Risktaker) and this effect can co-exist with other lunatic.
   
5. Best Praying unit: Toova ES
   This one is hard as most Praying units are OP ! However for me Toova ES takes the crown by a slight margin, just set her pray and forget about her and if you have a unit which can Cover (Iphi is most used with her) then you don't have to worry about her taking DMG and breaking Prayer.
   

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Phew This essay took me 3 hours to write but that's how much I love Another Eden even tho the game's questionable direction does leave alot to be desired, I hope you enjoyed reading and I want to see everyone's opinion

I'm between a Ruger American Hunter in 6.5cm and a Bergara B-14 Ridge. They're the same price. But the Ruger is a 20" whereas the Bergara is a 24". The ruger comes with a rail and magpul furniture, and as far as I can tell the Bergara doesn't come with a rail. I'll be using the rifle for shooting between 300-700yds maybe 1000 if I can find the space and get the fundamentals down in the future. I'll be reloading 6.5cm as well to develop my own loads. Any input would be greatly appreciated. I've seen great reviews on both. Just not sure which to go with.

TL;DR

Youtube is approved to monetize my channel but adsense doesn't.

Hi,
I have an adsense which is deactivated due to not using more than 6 months. Now, my channel is ready to be monetised but when I click monetization on the Youtube studio to tie my adsense with youtube account is says cannot monetize with deactivated adsense account. Cool, but the problem is Adsense says tie your monetization ready channel into Adsense so your adsense will be activated.
In Youtube Studio Monetization section it says :
"Set up AdSense for YouTube Your associated AdSense account for YouTube has not been approved. This could be due to an existing account. You can find more detailed information from the last email sent to you from [adsense-noreply@google.com](mailto:adsense-noreply@google.com). More information"
In adsense it says this : https://ibb.co/YX96h2X
When I click to submit, it says :
Thank you for your interest. As a result of their review, our experts decided that your application does not meet the criteria of our program. Therefore, we cannot accept you into our program. Our program policies are designed to ensure that Google ads are as beneficial to our publishers as they are to our advertisers. We review all publishers and reserve the right to reject any application. You may re-apply for AdSense and/or AdSense for YouTube in the future if you make changes that meet our program's criteria .
Youtube is approved to monetize but adsense doesn't? How?
How can I resolve this?