Vitamin b research deficiency

Posting for my daughter who recently graduated from university and she wants to build her first pc. Up until now she's been using mobile tablet/laptop device with 3060 GPU. She's not a big gamer but does enjoy Minecraft and mods and wants to move to a desktop. Her specific mods work best with Nvidia GPU so that is a core requirement.
Beyond gaming on this build she will be doing some coding/compiling, maybe some 3D modeling/rendering stuff, etc. Her preferences are quiet (doesn't need to be "Silent" but aiming for not noisy, and prefer not to hear fans ramping up/down all the time). I'd prefer it not to be a power hog, efficiency is a preference of mine nothing extreme but leaning on quiet vs noisy and willing to spend a little extra to that end. Water cooling is something I do NOT want to mess with at this time. We will probably pair the build with 2x 27" QHD 144Hz monitors but they do not need to be spec'd out here.
Budget is ~$16xx all core elements (CPU, MB, RAM, Storage, GPU, Case, PSU, etc). We don't need to budget the peripherals, OS License, nor monitors. I prefer no-rebates in the budget. Budget is flexible within reason. We live in USA but nowhere near a Microcenter (maybe one coming later this year but not an option otherwise).
I am agnostic on AMD vs Intel, I personally run AMD but she's been using Intel for a few years so my first pass I've gone that route. 14700 Build
---Why I made some choices---
CPU: Picked Intel 14700 since it's 65W TDP and 20cores for $399. I figure it'll be fine for all above and should run a little more efficiently than the 14700K but perhaps that's simply a bios option in the K series to make it run at 65W TDP instead of 125W (I need to research)?
Motherboard: Picked MSI because I've had good luck lately with them. I'm open to other options but definitely want latest chipset for DDR5 and 4 memory slots for expansion later if desired. Don't need tons of fancy stuff, don't need many PCIe slots. Having more than one NVME is desired. Wifi is preferred but we'll run 1Gb ethernet to her room for this project.
GPU: Went with 4070 for extra RAM and approx price point. Otherwise could be swayed to go +/- depending on folks input here. Again, AMD series GPU's are not an option for this build.
Case: I picked one with RGB / Glass Panel and an optional Optical Disc drive spot. She wants to fool around with some old games we have on CDROM and while I can connect a USB Drive I figure having the option for an internal one will make her happy. I like a case that's easy to work in/on, doesn't feel flimsy, and cools efficiently. Otherwise I'm flexible here.
Storage: Definitely an NVME Drive, 2TB preferred. I prefer one with DRAM/onboard cache. Prefer reputable brand and reliability, but recognize that changes so open to options here. Might add a second NVME down the road. I've had good luck with samsung and AData but recognize both have had some models with issues in the past.
PSU: Prefer 80+ Gold and Quality here. Name brands/reliability preferred over saving a few bucks. Don't imagine we'll be upgrading to an 80 or 90 series GPU so don't think we'll need more power now. I like the modular ones.
--- Thanks for any feedback!!! ---
PCPartPicker Part List

Type	Item	Price
CPU	Intel Core i7-14700F 2.1 GHz 20-Core Processor	$369.55 @ Newegg
CPU Cooler	ID-COOLING SE-214-XT 68.2 CFM CPU Cooler	$17.98 @ Amazon
Motherboard	MSI PRO Z790-VC WIFI ATX LGA1700 Motherboard	$159.99 @ MSI
Memory	TEAMGROUP T-Force Vulcan 32 GB (2 x 16 GB) DDR5-6000 CL38 Memory	$91.99 @ Amazon
Storage	Samsung 980 Pro 2 TB M.2-2280 PCIe 4.0 X4 NVME Solid State Drive	$169.99 @ Amazon
Video Card	MSI VENTUS 2X OC GeForce RTX 4070 12 GB Video Card	$549.99 @ B&H
Case	Fractal Design Pop Air RGB ATX Mid Tower Case	$89.99 @ B&H
Power Supply	MSI MAG A850GL PCIE5 850 W 80+ Gold Certified Fully Modular ATX Power Supply	$89.99 @ Newegg
	Prices include shipping, taxes, rebates, and discounts
	Total	$1539.47
	Generated by PCPartPicker 2024-05-18 23:03 EDT-0400

Hi, all. Started to get pain then noticed a curve about 3 months ago. My wife went to Dr. google and said it was PD. Took me 2 months to get in to see a urologist. My appointment was 2 weeks ago, there was just talking and he said he could feel a quarter sized plaque had formed. What do you know, Dr. google was right for once. He didn’t do any injections to force erection, or an ultrasound. He told me xiaflex would be the route he’d go, but I’d have to wait 6 months or insurance wouldn’t cover it. I asked if there was anything I could do in the interim, he said not really… but you can try taking vitamin e and acetyl L-Carnitine. Curve doesn’t seem to be too terrible except for when trying to flex it. I’d say about 15° erect, but >45° when flexing. Also have an offset hour glass is how I’d explain it (indent on left closer to base and on right about 1/2” further up). As long as it’s not flexed when trying to penetrate, sex is still able to happen (wife said she actually likes the upward curve when flexed inside). However, I’ve noticed that it’s impossible for me to finish if we try two days in a row due to the pain from the day before, along with having to pay attention to care for the hinge effect I’ve been experiencing. Anyway, me being me, I decided to look at different research journals. And decided to try and see if I could help along as much healing as possible. Found this group (if that’s what it’s called… new to Reddit), and seems like there are quite a few well versed people on the subject. Sorry if this has all been gone over before, I did my best to search for answers before bothering anyone. Currently I’m taking (not all for PD, some are just general supplements) Vitamin E, Omega 3, Acetyl L-Carnitine, ashwagahnda, Maca, and Genius Mushroom something. My wife found an article about TENS Unit being a treatment option, so she’s been having me torture myself with that. Also started VED treatment and manual stretching. The urologist didn’t mention anything about tadalafil, but saw multiple papers on the possible efficacy in the acute stage (hoping I’m still early enough). Would that be something a GP would prescribe off of a request with PD being diagnosed? I have an appointment on Tuesday with my regular doc, and after reading the reviews for xiaflex, and the urologist going straight to that, I’m willing to try anything to help without that, and don’t know how much I trust him. Forgot to say, I’m 38 and not in the greatest shape, but trying to get healthy again now…
Sorry for the long post, but it was my first, and wanted to cover as much backstory as possible. Any info would be greatly appreciated.
P.S. don’t think trips to Utah are an option.

I've had a running coach since late last year and I think it's not working out well for me. I've communicated this with him but there have been no changes to how we work together so I was thinking of working on my goals on my own again.
Should I... a) continue and follow the workouts planned and set out for me in the past (but in this case i dont know if I should start from the most recent week and just keep repeating that until i feel like i need to change it up or should I start from the workouts I did during thd first or third or 4th or 5th month with him or b) do more research and follow a training plan posted online like Hal Higdon's etc. If b, what would you recommend?
BTW - my goals this year are a sub1 10k (currently at 76 mins), a good half marathon (I've done a few of this in the past but not yet this year; by good I mean shorter than my 2hrs 45 mins and with an actual plan and not just wing it haha), and just overall have fun and keep my limbs intact.
Thank you!

Exploration of an Innovative K-12 School Curriculum and Pedagogical Approaches
Before going over the curriculum we must first discuss how to best teach. All of the following methods outlined below are what would I would suggest be use to teach the students trying to use just one or even just two of these would not be enough and would compromise the students learning and education
Teaching Methods
Project-Based Learning (PBL): In PBL, students work on a project over an extended period, which could be a week or a month, to respond to a complex question, problem, or challenge. The projects are usually multi-disciplinary and require students to apply what they've learned in a practical manner. This allows them to see the immediate applicability of their learning.
Inquiry-Based Learning: This is a form of active learning that starts by posing questions, problems, or scenarios—rather than simply presenting established facts or portraying a smooth path to knowledge. Students are involved in the construction of their learning. They engage with the material, participate in the class, and collaborate with each other.
Gamification: Incorporating elements of game design in education can make learning fun and engaging. This can involve point systems, leaderboards, badges, or other game mechanics.
Experiential Learning: This method involves learning by doing and reflecting on the experience. It can include internships, study abroad programs, field trips, laboratory experiments, or any other hands-on learning experiences.
Flipped Classroom: In a flipped classroom, students review lecture materials at home and do their 'homework' in class, where they can ask for help as they practice new skills and apply new knowledge. This allows teachers to spend class time helping students apply what they've learned and coaching them as they work through challenges.
Cross-Disciplinary Projects: By integrating different disciplines into a single project, you can make the learning experience more holistic and interconnected, much like how the knowledge of different magical disciplines would combine in a fantasy setting.
Competency-Based Learning: In this educational model, students advance upon mastering a skill or a competency. This encourages active utilization of knowledge and immediate feedback, similar to how a magic student might advance only after successfully casting a particular spell.
Now that we have given a basic outline of the teaching styles we can go over the curriculum for K-12 the idea would be to Have an A/B day schedule and some classes would meet less frequently because they don't take much time to cover everything, all of this will be done in order to create well rounded students, people and citizens. They are not only creative in nature, but leaders in their own right as well as capable of doing whatever they desire and succeeding wildly
Core Curriculum Classes:
STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, Mathematics): must Ensure these subjects are covered both within the integrated curriculum (like coding in math, cooking in science, history in art, etc.) and as standalone classes to develop depth of knowledge.
Memory Techniques & Knowledge Management Techniques: Using an Integrated code based system with AI tools to help teacher track progress and provide more targeted assistance as well as help students with how to effectively organize and manage knowledge, covering basic note-taking, the PARA/CODE system. Using AI to provide semi interactive sessions that not only explain how memory works but also actively encourage the practice of using the note taking method & memory techniques
Project-Based Learning: Encourage practical application of knowledge through project-based learning. Gamification & Experiential Learning: Use these techniques to make learning more engaging and fun.
Flipped Classroom & Inquiry-Based Learning: Encourage independent learning and critical thinking through these teaching methods.
Elementary School: Coding & Digital Literacy: Introduce basic coding principles using visual coding platforms. Begin teaching about online safety and basic cybersecurity. Financial Literacy: Teach basic concepts like the value of money, saving, and spending. Potential to introduce the use of real currency and creating student based economy Community Service: Arrange class-based community projects and encourage involvement in community service outside of school. Gardening & Cooking: Teach students about plants, nutrition, and basic cooking skills through a school garden. Literacy & Reading: Develop a reading program that exposes students to a variety of genres. Writing can begin with simple sentences. History: Teach history from a holistic and critical perspective, exploring different cultures and perspectives. Basic Medicine & First Aid: Introduce simple health, hygiene, and basic first aid skills. Physical Education: Encourage a love for physical activity through a variety of engaging games. Emotional Regulation & Healthy Relationships with Technology: Incorporate social-emotional learning and healthy technology use. Leadership: Begin fostering leadership qualities through group activities and responsibility sharing. Self-Defense: Introduce basic safety rules and personal boundaries. Spanish: Introduce basic Spanish vocabulary and phrases, along with exposure to the culture of Spanish-speaking countries. Songs, games, and interactive activities can be used to make learning enjoyable.
Middle School: Coding, Digital Literacy & Practical Engineering: Continue coding education and introduce robotics and basic electronics. Financial Literacy: Start teaching about budgeting, banking, and simple concepts of earning. Potential to introduce the use of real currency and creating student based economy Community Service: Encourage students to plan and lead community service projects, either in groups or individually. Gardening & Cooking: Progress in gardening and cooking skills, introducing sustainability issues. Literacy, Reading, & Writing Skills: Increase complexity of reading and writing assignments. History: Provide more in-depth history education using primary sources and interpretations. Basic Medicine & First Aid: Offer a more detailed course on first aid and health. Physical Education: Introduce a range of physical activities, sports, and body awareness topics. Emotional Regulation & Healthy Relationships with Technology: Develop emotional intelligence skills, mindfulness practices, and education about responsible technology use. Leadership: Teach various leadership styles and emphasize group projects requiring delegation and decision-making. Self-Defense: Continue with more practical self-defense techniques. Study of Government: Begin a foundational study of the local and national government. Teach students about the branches of government, their roles, and how laws are made. Spanish: Continue to build on vocabulary and grammar learned in elementary school. Introduce simple written exercises and encourage basic conversation in Spanish.
High School: Coding, Digital Literacy & Practical Engineering: Offer advanced coding and practical engineering classes, including topics like 3D modeling and advanced electronics.Teach more advanced cybersecurity concepts and ethics of digital communication Gardening & Cooking: As elective courses, delve into advanced topics like food science or agricultural technology. Literacy, Reading, & Writing Skills: Offer a variety of literature courses, creative writing classes, and research-based writing. History: Teach history as a dynamic and interpretive subject, encouraging critical thinking. Basic Medicine & First Aid: Include more advanced first aid, mental health awareness, and basic human anatomy and physiology. Physical Education: Offer a range of athletic options, and include education about exercise science and long-term health benefits. Emotional Regulation & Healthy Relationships with Technology: Provide resources for emotional regulation, advanced mindfulness techniques, and in-depth discussions about technology's role in society. Leadership: Delve deeper into conflict resolution, strategic planning, and ethical leadership, often through real-world applications. Financial Literacy: Start teaching about budgeting, banking, and simple concepts of earning. Potential to encourage student to start their own business or get a job and have students buy things from each other Self-Defense/Mixed Martial Arts: For interested students, offer elective classes in mixed martial arts, fostering physical and mental skills. Study of Government: Expand on knowledge from middle school and introduce international government systems. Discuss the concepts of democracy, socialism, and other forms of government. Involve students in mock debates and simulations, like Model United Nations or Mock Parliament. Study of Politics: Begin a course on political science, covering key political ideologies, parties, and political processes. Discuss current events and involve students in debates and discussions to encourage critical thinking. Creating Change: Introduce a course on social activism and creating change. This can involve studying historical movements for change, understanding how to effect change within a legal framework, learning about peaceful protest, and planning and implementing a small-scale change project within the school or community. Spanish: Continue to deepen knowledge of Spanish. Encourage advanced conversation and written exercises. Students could read Spanish literature or news and discuss in class, fostering language skills and cultural understanding.
This kind of curriculum would be nearly the best, being interdisciplinary, hands-on, and centered around the interests and needs of the students. It would aim to not only equip students with the knowledge and skills they need to succeed in the world, but also ignite their passion for learning and encourage them to continue learning throughout their lives.
But before we’re done one last thing must be covered. How to assess a student's growth because science shows that paper tests are not suited for the task. There are many innovative ways to assess student understanding and skills without relying solely on traditional exams. The methods that could be used include Assessment Methods
Portfolios: Students could compile portfolios of their work, which could include code they've written, projects they've completed, or essays they've written. A portfolio allows students to demonstrate their learning process, their progress over time, and their ability to apply what they've learned in different contexts.
Presentations: Students can demonstrate their understanding of a topic by presenting on it. This could involve presenting a project they've completed, explaining a concept to the class, or debating a topic with classmates.
Peer and Self-Assessment: Students can learn a lot from assessing each other's work or their own work. This can help them develop a better understanding of the assessment criteria and improve their ability to critically evaluate work.
Performance Assessment: In subjects like self-defense, physical education, cooking, or gardening, students could be assessed based on their performance. This could involve demonstrating a technique, completing a task, or participating in a game or competition.
Reflective Journals: Students could maintain journals where they reflect on what they've learned, how they've applied it, and what they still want to understand better. This can give teachers insight into a student's thought process and their understanding of the subject.
Project-Based Assessment: Students can be assessed on the projects they complete, whether individually or in groups. This allows students to demonstrate a range of skills, including knowledge of the subject, problem-solving, creativity, and teamwork.
Community Service Assessment: In addition to the other assessments, teachers can assess students' community service involvement, their planning and leadership skills, as well as their reflections on their experiences.
The emphasis of Knowledge Management Techniques and Memory Techniques in core classes as a standalone session every day would ideally give students a break from traditional instruction and allow them to process and manage their learnings. This can be in the form of group discussions, independent reflection time, or guided activities for planning and organizing their work.

Hello I really need some advice right now, for context, we employed a purposive sampling with a quite specific criteria.

1. We are studying influencers and we have three variables. One dependent, one independent, and one moderating.
2. Unfortunately, the response rate is really low, we have only gathered 100 respondents and we need to analyze the data asap.
3. We will be using multiple linear regression

My questions are: a. Is the sample size too small for a regression analysis? b. Is purposive sampling ok to be used for quantitative research? Since from my recent searches, it was often used for qualitative.
I hope someone could offer any advice.

Hello I really need some advice right now, for context, we employed a purposive sampling with a quite specific criteria.

1. We are studying influencers and we have three variables. One dependent, one independent, and one moderating.
2. Unfortunately, the response rate is really low, we have only gathered 100 respondents and we need to analyze the data asap.
3. We will be using multiple linear regression

My questions are: a. Is the sample size too small for a regression analysis? b. Is purposive sampling ok to be used for quantitative research? Since from my recent searches, it was often used for qualitative.
I hope someone could offer any advice.

Hello I really need some advice right now, for context, we employed a purposive sampling with a quite specific criteria.

1. We are studying influencers and we have three variables. One dependent, one independent, and one moderating.
2. Unfortunately, the response rate is really low, we have only gathered 100 respondents and we need to analyze the data asap.
3. We will be using multiple linear regression

My questions are: a. Is the sample size too small for a regression analysis? b. Is purposive sampling ok to be used for quantitative research? Since from my recent searches, it was often used for qualitative.
I hope someone could offer any advice.

Minneapolis seems to have a lot of what I'm looking for in a long-term hometown and a place for my kids to grow up. One thing that's been hard to research is what neighborhoods are both a) walkable/bikable and b) convenient for a commute to the Metro Transit depot. If there are any current or former Metro Transit operators around whose brains I can pick about some logistical questions, I'd be appreciative. (For example, bicycling is my preferred method for commuting, and I don't see anything on the website about the bike parking situation at MT facilities.)

Hello! I’m new to the world of intermittent fasting, and I have a question regarding my plan for weight loss. Here is my plan:
OMAD: A big protein shake each morning made from protein powder mixed with fat free/lactose free milk that has 43g protein, 28g carbs, and 300 calories.
Electrolytes: sodium, potassium, and magnesium.
Vitamins: multi-vitamin, vitamin b, vitamin c, and vitamin d.
Other Supplements: probiotic, fish oil/omega-3, fiber gummies, melatonin.
Occasional Allowances: diet coke, spicy chicken broth, and sugar free gum.
I’d also drink plenty of water all day long (as I’ve always done). I’d stick to taking walks as my main form of exercise. And I’d aim for 8 hours of sleep per night.
My stats are 27F, 5’7”, 385lbs.
I know that there are plenty of people who go on very long (sometimes even 40-50+ days), extended water and electrolyte only fasts for weight loss (my longest one was only 4 days). I’m wondering if my plan outlined above would be not only effective, but also safe to do long term for weight loss? Especially since I have so much stored fat that my body can use for energy. I figure that if people can go that long with only water and electrolytes, surely I can go even longer if I’m adding in things like protein, carbs, vitamins, and supplements along with the electrolytes and water. Does this line of thinking make sense, or is it foolish?
Thank you for any advice and/or insight!

I main USA ground RB, and I currently sit at 6.7 BR, and am researching 7.0 and 7.3 vehicles. I do not mind uptiering my lineup to 7.0, because I usually get uptiers anyway, but I want a good plane that can perform ground attack and CAP missions effectively. The one I am closest to is the F2H, but I kinda want the F-84. I also would like to know if the B-29 is useful with heavy bomb loads in ground RB. If anyone has some suggestions, that would really help me out.

Hey all, Unfortunately I’ve been experiencing some weird symptoms for around three years that I passed off as normal, so it’s hard to speak to doctors about this.
Long story short, I’ve been seropositive for both EBV IgGs (EBNA-1 IgG >600 U/mL; EBV VCA IgG >600 U/mL; EBV VCA IgM <36 U/mL) for three years. Not just, one day three years ago I get blood drawn and those are the results and then I do it again yesterday, but each time it’s been tested for within the last three years, my levels have never dropped. My autolymphocyte # is slightly elevated as well, again, three years. Same with CMV IgG, levels of 4.40 U/mL, for three years.
Main symptoms are fatigue, brain fog, numbness in hands and feet, muscle tightness, momentary shocking/itching-like symptoms, clumsiness, issues with fine motor movements in the hands… and more, but I’ll leave it at that.
I know a lot of people would pass this off as, “oh, IgG means it’s a past infection,” but I’m not convinced. Now, I’m a research scientist (biochemistry and molecular biology) and immunology isn’t too far off from my research. So, I’ve done so, so, so much research and literature searching.
I am almost certain of one diagnosis and one alone (I need more data, I’d like to run a genetic screen for certain SNPs and monitor my vitamin D levels as I had a deficiency, but it’s only been screened for once so I cannot comment on whether or not it’s extended.) but I’m afraid to bring this up to a doctor. I don’t want to come off as rude, or condescending, and I certainly do not want “combative” or “hypochondriasis” written on my records.
I feel doctors and scientists can function quite differently. If doctors don’t care enough about my case, who will?
My question is, has anyone had similar lab results and/or symptoms? How is it turning out? And any suggestions as to how to proceed?

Was scrolling through this community and found nothing as incredibly specific as the title I've written today, so I guess I've decided to ask about this considering I'm still processing up to now my experience working for a startup which I resigned from a couple of months ago.
But yeah, just like the title said: anyone here have any particularly terrifying/traumatic/frustrating experiences working for a startup? I'll start:
Some time back, I entered a company in a junior position for a startup whose posting enticed me. What got me was that a) they were near me, and b) the potential for growth seemed promising given the product this startup was peddling around. (Writer's note: I'm not gonna mention the company, the field, or the position here but I might be comfortable sharing some in PM) Signed up and eventually came to have a very mixed relationship with this company. Here are some things that I did appreciate:

1. In the training period that was given to me as I entered the position, it was great to learn a hefty amount of knowledge from the learning modules the company had prepared for training employees in that position. I would say that coupled with some very welcoming and pleasant interactions with the rest of the team that I was a part of, I had fun too.
2. Personal growth was quite significant, especially since I had a hand at ensuring certain matters and tasks assigned to me were delivered as requested. We could also work anywhere as the company head said in their interview with me!

But... what's the problem? Well...

1. Remember that "work anywhere" mantra I mentioned? Well, I felt annoyed because on some mornings whenever the company had a meeting, there would be shortcomings in the delivered output based on who was responsible for it and what would sometimes end up happening is the company head going on an unnecessary tirade that sometimes included about how they think about making people work in the office more because of this. (Okay, probably debatable, but I did not enjoy dealing with this)
2. Actually, more on the boss: apart from turning what is an initially promised 1 hour meeting into a 2/3/4-hr / whole morning one, really really likes to stress work-life balance... but will have the gall to get frustrated when an employee is sick to the point na they'll even try to get someone to contact them while the other person is recuperating. Nakakabastos.
3. Breaking point for me really was this week that we had a bunch of holidays clumped together in the same week, but the impression I got from that morning's meeting was that we didn't deserve to have a break because we weren't meeting goals (and even made it a point to emphasize na if may balak magtrabaho on the holidays to finish deliverables hindi yun counted as special holidays w/c should mean na may multiplier sa pay). This was what prompted me to just eventually resign and search elsewhere.

It's pretty clear that my horror story revolves around how much the company boss ruined any of the good or promising things I saw in this company. Though I'd say it also gave me a hard lesson about being very, very judicious and informed about the startup I'm getting into. I did my research later on and saw that the head really likes to make a lot of these companies/organizations/initiatives in the name of social entrepreneurship. A couple of duplicate companies here and there, di man lang makakuha ng market dito because the competent sales people all left for similar reasons. "Do this because you're making a difference to a lot of people," well the low pay, abusive upper management, and the lack of self-accountability doesn't help justify the lack of sleep and the anxiety I've developed dealing with this type of stuff. (Or the fact that... well, they've been a startup for so long pero mas marami nang nakaangat na companies in the same field established after theirs.)
How about you? Might be useful to hear your thoughts for future readers who are looking to get into the same world soon.

Hi! I'm applying for several linguistics PhD programs during the next application cycle. I'm starting to think about my SOPs, and I can't for the life of me figure out how I'm going to address this aspect of my profile. I'll just say what happened:
For half of my undergrad, I was majoring in a foreign language. I did a semester-long study abroad program in the spring of my sophomore year where I was studying that language and speaking it in daily life. During that semester, I realized that I didn't actually like studying that language and that I really wanted to do linguistics (I've been interested in it since middle school and had already taken several college linguistics classes which were by far my favorites; only reason I didn't switch earlier was the sunk cost fallacy). I changed my major online and realized that with the new major those study abroad classes would do absolutely nothing for my degree and I would still graduate on time without them. I was also going to get a B in one of them, which would have ruined my 4.0 that I still have now. For that reason and others (including my mental health being pretty awful), I went home early and didn't finish the semester. On my transcript, that semester is a "W," but for 0 credit hours.
If I had known then that I wanted to do a PhD, I might have stuck it out and taken the GPA hit, because now I have a whole semester missing from my transcript and I have no clue how to explain it honestly without looking like a quitter. It probably helps that I quit that language in favor of linguistics, but it's still not ideal. How do I convey to the admissions committee that I won't quit linguistics like I did the foreign language? My hope is that it'll be fine in combination with my experience: my university has a tiny linguistics department, but I have done independent research, I'm writing an undergraduate thesis, and I will hopefully get into a neuroscience lab that deals with cognitive linguistics soon.
Right now my plan is probably to say what I said in paragraph 2 of this post, but condense it, make it more professional, and probably leave out the part about mental health. Is there anything I should change about that approach?

~RIGL Thesis – 5/18/2024~
Outstanding Shares 175M
131 Institutional Holders
111,129,461 Total Shares Held
63.36% Institutional Ownership
Total Cash on Hand 3/31/2024 = $49.6M
Total Debt: $101.5M
Cash Burn Approximate = $8M per quarter (6 quarters of cash without any increases in revenue)
Q12023 REV = $26M
Q22023 REV = $26.8M
Q32023 REV = $28.1M
Q42023 REV = $35.8M
Q12024 REV = $29.5M (Decline from Q4 likely from end of year versus new-year tracking of Rx and shipments of drugs, resetting of Copays)
Most Recent EPS -$0.05 per share
May 22, 2024 - Vote on S will take place, caution
~Statistics Applicable To Thesis~
333.3 million US Population (2022)
8,109,679,892 Global Population (2024)
~Drugs On Market~
~Tavalisse – Treatment for ITP, FDA Approved April 17, 2018~
~What is ITP?~
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an illness that can lead to bruising and bleeding. Low levels of the cells that help blood clot, also known as platelets, most often cause the bleeding.
Once known as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, ITP can cause purple bruises. It also can cause tiny reddish-purple dots on the skin that look like a rash.
Children can get ITP after a virus. They most often get better without treatment. In adults, the illness often lasts months or years. People with ITP who aren't bleeding and whose platelet count isn't too low might not need treatment. For worse symptoms, treatment might include medicines to raise platelet count or surgery to remove the spleen. Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic
~What is Tavalisse?~
TAVALISSE is a prescription medication used to treat adults with low platelet counts due to chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) when a prior treatment for ITP has not worked well enough. It is not known if TAVALISSE is safe and effective in children.
The cost for Tavalisse oral tablet 100 mg is around $15,404 for a supply of 60 tablets, depending on the pharmacy you visit. Quoted prices are for cash-paying customers and are not valid with insurance plans. This price guide is based on using the Drugs.com discount card which is accepted at most U.S. pharmacies.
Tavalisse Prices, Coupons, Copay & Patient Assistance - Drugs.com
TAVALISSE IS AN ORAL MEDICATION TAKEN TWICE DAILY WITH OR WITHOUT FOOD¹
A 12-week evaluation period is recommended
60 tablets = 1 month supply, evaluation period = 3 months, Cost for 3 months = $46,212 Cash, assuming cheaper through wholesale, insurance, discount cards, etc.
Dosing TAVALISSE® (fostamatinib disodium hexahydrate) tablets (tavalissehcp.com)
~Addressable Market~
“Our findings suggest that nearly 20,000 children and adults are newly diagnosed with ITP each year in the US, substantially higher than previously reported. Among patients requiring formal medical care, the economic burden during the first 12 months following diagnosis is high, with estimated US expenditures totaling over $400 million.”
Primary immune thrombocytopenia in US clinical practice: incidence and healthcare burden in first 12 months following diagnosis - PubMed (nih.gov)
The estimated prevalence of ITP in the United States is 9.5 per 100,000 people, with a global prevalence of over 200,000 people at any given time [1].
Immune thrombocytopenia. [ Oct; 2022 ]. 2022. https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/immune-thrombocytopenia
~Author Calculations/Estimates~
ITP estimated cases based on measured statistics 31,635 cases a year in the US and 770,355 cases globally each year.
~Rezlidhia – R Acute Myeloid Leukemia, FDA Approved December, 22, 2022~
~What is Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia?~
Relapsed, or recurrent, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) means the leukemia has come back after treatment and remission.
Refractory AML means the leukemia did not respond to treatment. Complete remission has not been reached because the chemotherapy drugs did not kill enough leukemia cells.
Both relapsed and refractory AML need more treatment to reach complete remission.
Your healthcare team will suggest treatments based on your needs and work with you to develop a treatment plan. Some factors considered for your treatment include:
your age
your health
how long the leukemia was in remission
treatments you had before
where the leukemia comes back
Treatment options usually include chemotherapy and a stem cell transplant if possible. Targeted therapy may also be used.
Treatments for relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia Canadian Cancer Society
~What is IDH1?~
Somatic mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) genes occur frequently in adult Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and less commonly in pediatric AML… Enhanced genomic and epigenomic profiling of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has led to identification of recurrent mutations that are prognostic and are candidates for targeted therapy. Somatic mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) genes, IDH1 and IDH2, occur in ∼6% to 16% and ∼8% to 19% of adult patients with AML, respectively.^1-5 In pediatric AML, IDH mutations are rare, occurring in <4% of patients.^6-11
Characteristics and prognostic impact of IDH mutations in AML: a COG, SWOG, and ECOG analysis Blood Advances American Society of Hematology (ashpublications.org)
~What is Rezlidhia?~
REZLIDHIA is a prescription medicine used to treat adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with an isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1) mutation when the disease has come back or has not improved after previous treatment(s).
Targeted Treatment REZLIDHIA® (olutasidenib) capsules
The cost for Rezlidhia oral capsule 150 mg is around $17,468 for a supply of 30 capsules, depending on the pharmacy you visit. Quoted prices are for cash-paying customers and are not valid with insurance plans. This price guide is based on using the Drugs.com discount card which is accepted at most U.S. pharmacies.
Rezlidhia Prices, Coupons, Copay & Patient Assistance - Drugs.com%20is%20a%20member,on%20the%20pharmacy%20you%20visit.)
~Addressable Market~
The annual incidence of new cases in both men and women is approximately 4.3 per 100,000 population, totaling over 20,000 cases per year in the United States alone.[13] The median age at the time of diagnosis is about 68, with a higher prevalence observed among non-Hispanic Whites. Furthermore, males exhibit a higher incidence compared to females, with a ratio of 5:3.
Acute Myeloid Leukemia - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf (nih.gov)
~Author Calculations/Estimates~
Cases of AML with IDH1 would be 11% based on the median of statistics above (6% to 16%) leaving approximately 1500 to 2000 cases a year in the US. Appling the same calculations to world population would amount to approximately 38,500 cases a year globally.
~Gavreto – Treats RET+ Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer In Adults and RET+ Thyroid Cancer in Kids and Adults, FDA Approved August 9, 2023~
For the sake of common ground, I am going to assume these types of cancers do not need to be elaborated on as we all likely have a basic understanding of what they are. The medical conditions treated by Tavalisse and Rezlidhia I felt needed a more in-depth explanation because they are not common. I will elaborate on RET+ a little later in this writing.
~What is Gavreto?~
GAVRETO is an oral once daily prescription medicine used to treat certain cancers caused by abnormal rearranged during transfection ~(RET+)~ genes in:
Adults with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that has spread
Adults and children 12 years of age and older with advanced thyroid cancer or thyroid cancer that has spread who require a medicine by mouth or injection (systemic therapy) and who have received radioactive iodine and it did not work or is no longer working*
It is not known if GAVRETO is safe and effective when used to treat cancers caused by abnormal RET genes in children for the treatment of NSCLC or in children younger than 12 years of age for the treatment of thyroid cancer.
Home GAVRETO® (pralsetinib)
The cost for Gavreto oral capsule 100 mg is around $11,745 for a supply of 60 capsules, depending on the pharmacy you visit. Quoted prices are for cash-paying customers and are not valid with insurance plans. This price guide is based on using the Drugs.com discount card which is accepted at most U.S. pharmacies.
The recommended dosage for adults and children 12 and over is 400mg orally once daily. Each capsule is 100mg, which means you will take 4 capsules. Gavreto should be taken on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal.
Gavreto Prices, Coupons, Copay & Patient Assistance - Drugs.com
~What is Rearranged During Transfection Positive (RET+)?~
RET-positive cancer is caused by a mutation or abnormal re-arrangement of the RET gene. It occurs most commonly in lung cancer and several types of inherited and sporadic thyroid cancers. RET alterations also occur in an estimated 1-2% of multiple other cancers, including ovarian, pancreatic, salivary, breast, and colorectal cancers.
RETpositive Empowering Patients and Driving Research
Rearranged during transfection (RET) rearrangements were first identified as oncogenic drivers in NSCLC in 2012. The proportion of patients with NSCLC who have RET rearrangements (ie, fusion-positive disease) is approximately 1%-2%.
RET Fusion-Positive Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: The Evolving Treatment Landscape The Oncologist Oxford Academic (oup.com)
RET alterations occur most commonly in lung cancer (non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)) and the number of new cases diagnosed each year is considerable, accounting for approximately 37,500 [IG1] cases worldwide and 4,000 cases in the US (2% of NSCLC) (2,3). RET alterations are also common in several types of inherited and sporadic thyroid cancers and can occur in other types of cancers like ovarian, breast, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers, among others (4-8) adding >110,000 cases yearly worldwide (9).
What is RET Positive Lung Cancer? - The Happy Lungs Project
(2) Although medullary thyroid carcinoma represents 5-10% of all thyroid cancers, activating RET gene abnormalities occur in over 90% of hereditary and approximately 40%-60% of sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma cases.
Patients – RETpositive%20Although%20medullary%20thyroid%20carcinoma,sporadic%20medullary%20thyroid%20carcinoma%20cases.)
~Prevalence of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer~
Most lung cancer statistics include both small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In general, about 10% to 15% of all lung cancers are SCLC, and about 80% to 85% are NSCLC.
Lung cancer (both small cell and non-small cell) is the second most common cancer in both men and women in the United States (not counting skin cancer). In men, prostate cancer is more common, while breast cancer is more common in women.
The American Cancer Society’s estimates for lung cancer in the US for 2024 are:
About 234,580 new cases of lung cancer (116,310 in men and 118,270 in women)
About 125,070 deaths from lung cancer (65,790 in men and 59,280 in women)
Lung Cancer Statistics How Common is Lung Cancer? American Cancer Society
Worldwide, an estimated 2,206,771 people were diagnosed with lung cancer in 2020. These statistics include both small cell lung cancer and NSCLC.
Lung Cancer - Non-Small Cell: Statistics Cancer.Net
~Author Calculations/Estimates~
Approximately 187,664 cases of NSCLC in the US based on an 80% factor.
Approximately 1,765,416 cases of NSCLC worldwide based on an 80% factor.
~Prevalence of Thyroid Cancer~
Rate of New Cases and Deaths per 100,000: The rate of new cases of thyroid cancer was 13.5 per 100,000 men and women per year. The death rate was 0.5 per 100,000 men and women per year. These rates are age-adjusted and based on 2017–2021 cases and 2018–2022 deaths.
Lifetime Risk of Developing Cancer: Approximately 1.2 percent of men and women will be diagnosed with thyroid cancer at some point during their lifetime, based on 2017–2019 data. Lifetime risk based on data through 2022 will available soon.
Prevalence of This Cancer: In 2021, there were an estimated 979,295 people living with thyroid cancer in the United States.
Thyroid Cancer — Cancer Stat Facts
About 44,020 new cases of thyroid cancer (12,500 in men and 31,520 in women)
About 2,170 deaths from thyroid cancer (990 in men and 1,180 in women)
Thyroid cancer is often diagnosed at a younger age than most other adult cancers. The average age when a person is diagnosed with thyroid cancer is 51.
This cancer is about 3 times more common in women than in men. It is about 40% to 50% less common in Black people than in any other racial or ethnic group.
Key Statistics for Thyroid Cancer American Cancer Society)
Addressable Market
Given Gavreto’s dual treatment capacity, the total amount of potential patients with NSCLC with RET+ indications would be approximately 2,800 cases in the US and approximately 26,500 cases worldwide each year using a factor of 1.5% of total NSCLC cases. The total amount of treatable cases for Thyroid Cancer would be approximately 650 in the US and 16,500 cases worldwide respectively each year applying the same 1.5% RET+ percentage rate. DOUBLE CHECK MATH…
~Rigel Pharmaceuticals Pipeline~
~IRAK/4 – Clinical Trials~
Rigel’s investigational candidate, R289, is an oral, potent and selective inhibitor of interleukin receptor-associated kinases 1 and 4 (IRAK1/4).
Toll like receptors (TLRs) and the interleukin 1 receptor family (IL-1Rs) play a critical role in the innate immune response and dysregulation of these pathways can lead to a variety of inflammatory conditions such as psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Chronic stimulation of both receptor systems has also been implicated in causing a pro-inflammatory bone marrow environment leading to persistent cytopenias in lower-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (LR-MDS) patients1.
R835 is a selective dual inhibitor of IRAK1/4 that blocks TLR4 and IL-1R-dependent systemic cytokine release. In preclinical studies, R835 demonstrated activity in multiple animal models of inflammatory disease2,3 and showed that dual inhibition of IRAK1 and IRAK4 provided more complete suppression of inflammatory cytokines when compared to an IRAK4-selective inhibitor4.
Development of R289:
In a Phase 1 clinical trial, R835 was well tolerated and inhibited LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine production in healthy volunteers, demonstrating proof-of-mechanism.5 Phase 1 clinical studies of R289 (an oral prodrug that is rapidly converted to R835 in the gut) are also complete.
A Phase 1b open-label, multicenter trial of R289 in patients with relapsed/refractory lower-risk MDS is currently enrolling (NCT05308264). The primary endpoint for this trial is safety with key secondary endpoints including preliminary efficacy and evaluation of pharmacokinetic properties.
~Bemcentinib – Bergenbio Partnership~
In June 2011, Rigel entered into an exclusive, worldwide research, development and commercialization agreement with BerGenBio for its investigational AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (AXL) inhibitor, R428 (now referred to as bemcentinib).
Bemcentinib is a potent, selective and orally bioavailable AXL inhibitor and the furthest along in clinical trials. In preclinical studies, bemcentinib was shown to have an effect as a single agent therapeutic in the prevention and reversal of acquired resistance to standard of care cytotoxics and targeted therapies and may also slow or prevent tumor metastasis.
Rigel received an upfront payment and is eligible for milestone payments and potential sublicensing revenue, as well as tiered royalty payments on any future net sales of products emerging from the collaboration.
~R552 Systemic – Eli Lilly Partnership~
Rigel’s investigational candidates are oral, potent and selective inhibitors of receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1).
RIPK1 is a critical signaling protein implicated in a broad range of key inflammatory cellular processes including necroptosis, a type of regulated cell death, and cytokine production. In necroptosis, cells rupture leading to the dispersion of cell contents, which can trigger an immune response and enhance inflammation. RIPK1 inhibition has therapeutic potential in treating autoimmune, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative disorders.
Rigel’s RIPK1 inhibitor program includes R552, a systemic molecule being developed for the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, and brain penetrating RIPK1 inhibitors for central nervous system (CNS) diseases. In preclinical studies, R552 demonstrated prevention of joint and skin inflammation in a RIPK1-mediated murine model of inflammation and tissue damage.
Development of R552:
In Q2 2023, the initial Phase 2a trial (NCT05848258) in moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was initiated by partner Eli Lilly.
Development CNS-penetrating RIPK1 inhibitors:
Currently in preclinical studies.
~Milademetan – Daiichi Sankyo Partnership~
Rigel has a long-standing collaboration with Daiichi-Sankyo for developing murine double minute 2 (MDM2) protein inhibitors in cancer, which were discovered in Rigel’s laboratories.
Preliminary safety and efficacy data from an early Phase 1 study of milademetan (formerly DS-3032), an oral selective MDM2 inhibitor, in hematological malignancies suggests that it may be a promising potential treatment for oncology indications.
Rigel received an upfront payment and is eligible for milestone payments, as well as tiered royalty payments on any future net sales of any products emerging from the collaboration.
~Rxxx (CNS Penetrant) – Eli Lilly Partnership~
Rigel’s investigational candidates are oral, potent and selective inhibitors of receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1).
RIPK1 is a critical signaling protein implicated in a broad range of key inflammatory cellular processes including necroptosis, a type of regulated cell death, and cytokine production. In necroptosis, cells rupture leading to the dispersion of cell contents, which can trigger an immune response and enhance inflammation. RIPK1 inhibition has therapeutic potential in treating autoimmune, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative disorders.
Rigel’s RIPK1 inhibitor program includes R552, a systemic molecule being developed for the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, and brain penetrating RIPK1 inhibitors for central nervous system (CNS) diseases. In preclinical studies, R552 demonstrated prevention of joint and skin inflammation in a RIPK1-mediated murine model of inflammation and tissue damage.
Development of R552:
In Q2 2023, the initial Phase 2a trial (NCT05848258) in moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was initiated by partner Eli Lilly.
Development CNS-penetrating RIPK1 inhibitors:
Currently in preclinical studies. Pipeline :: Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (RIGL)
~Summary and Prediction~
The current share price of sub $1 does not feel justified. I would anticipate financial breakeven by the end of 2024 or potentially in Q1 or Q2 of 2025. The robust pipeline, progress, and expected revenue growth are enough to justify a much higher valuation. The debt load is manageable, but the potential for S is concerning. I believe that the S is not necessary and revenue growth and progress should speak for itself. I am not as bullish as the analysts at HC Wainright for a $15 PT, but the valuation should be at least 3x to 5x from the current value. This thesis does not highlight the patents surrounding their drugs either which some extend into 2035 and beyond. Perhaps what Wall Street is discounting is the fact that most of the drugs are very niche. However, the currently available drugs have an addressable market, albeit less universal than some, but you should value it in the sense of multiple facets (a 1000 headed snake is the phrase I wanted to use). I believe the company should be valued with specialty drugs in mind which would command a higher PE ratio. At the current day and time of writing, the value should be at least $1.50 to $1.75 ~at a minimum~ with a 12 month price target of $3 to $5+. I will be looking for continued revenue growth in each quarter this year and realization of revenue from Gavreto in Q2 or Q3 this year. The partnerships should not be discounted either and the current share price if it lingers here perhaps may attract a merger or acquisition. I initially began the research thinking that perhaps the drugs were too niche, but given the multiple drugs they are working with, I believe their revenue sources will continue to grow if you do not focus on one particular drug as the main performer. With the most recent inflation report being cooler than expected, I would suspect larger funds and institutions will be circling back to riskier assets.

Hi, I am an early career scientist in small biotech startup. I would like to proceed for EB1-B, green card. Do I have to pay for EB1B filing or the company does ? Any key advices will be appreciated ! I have around 200 citation and 10 research publication.

Age 30 Sex F
Hiii I just have a few questions since my doctor provided little to no advice…looking for someone to shed some light:
Situation: the wound is on the top of my inner lips (but still outside, not inside of inner lips) right under my clitoris. About a size of rice grain. It was done by cutting off and silver nitrate to stop bleeding.
The side of my outer lips that touched the wound also got chemical burnt with silver nitrate I think (it’s dark around it) 😭. When I got home from the clinic I noticed a piece of skin is gone, it looks like a mild second degree burn! About a size of a quarter.
I followed up w my dr and he said just leave it dry as much as I can and use antibiotic polysporin… unless it gets an infection. I’m about to leave the country next week so won’t be able to see a doctor anytime soon, so any advice would be helpful!!
1- should I use OTC antibiotic polysporin? I heard it’s bad sometimes. My outer lip wound and gw wound is slightly rubbing together 😭 I’m scared it will make it too moist. I tried to clean it with a QTIP every 4-5 hours and rinse with warm water after I urinate and wipe dry. Maybe 4 times a day?
2- im on day 2.5 now the skin doesn’t look like it’s healing that much? The gw wound’s silver nitrate crust fell off and I can see some grey mucus, it doesn’t really look like an infection tho(not hurting, no weird color or smell or blood). Ive been putting some light layer of antibiotics on after water cleanse, is it ok or is it infection?
3- the burnt area has some white part in the middle, doesn’t look mucusy, the nurse hotline I called said it’s probably fat tissue growing, is it true? 😭 but I treat it also like the method above.
In general it doesn’t hurt that much. I take vitamin B complex, zinc, D + ibuprofen + be at home without underwear for 1-2 hours to air it out.
Do you think the wound would scab in a week? Also should I throw away the underwear that I wore these days to avoid future cross contamination?
🙏thank you 😭

I’m probably missing a couple items here, but what helps me function and drink like I do

Hiii I just have a few questions since my doctor provided little to no advice…looking for someone to shed some light:
Situation: the wound is on the top of my inner lips (but still outside, not inside of inner lips) right under my clitoris. About a size of rice grain. It was done by cutting off and silver nitrate to stop bleeding.
The side of my outer lips that touched the wound also got chemical burnt with silver nitrate I think (it’s dark around it) 😭. When I got home from the clinic I noticed a piece of skin is gone, it looks like a mild second degree burn! About a size of a quarter.
I followed up w my dr and he said just leave it dry as much as I can and use antibiotic polysporin… unless it gets an infection. I’m about to leave the country next week so won’t be able to see a doctor anytime soon, so any advice would be helpful!!
1- should I use OTC antibiotic polysporin? I heard it’s bad sometimes. My outer lip wound and gw wound is slightly rubbing together 😭 I’m scared it will make it too moist. I tried to clean it with a QTIP every 4-5 hours and rinse with warm water after I urinate and wipe dry. Maybe 4 times a day?
2- im on day 2.5 now the skin doesn’t look like it’s healing that much? The gw wound’s silver nitrate crust fell off and I can see some grey mucus, it doesn’t really look like an infection tho(not hurting, no weird color or smell or blood). Ive been putting some light layer of antibiotics on after water cleanse, is it ok or is it infection?
3- the burnt area has some white part in the middle, doesn’t look mucusy, the nurse hotline I called said it’s probably fat tissue growing, is it true? 😭 but I treat it also like the method above.
In general it doesn’t hurt that much. I take vitamin B complex, zinc, D + ibuprofen + be at home without underwear for 1-2 hours to air it out.
Do you think the wound would scab in a week? Also should I throw away the underwear that I wore these days to avoid future cross contamination?
🙏thank you 😭