• 𓁟 [C3] = Thoth, Egyptian god inventor of types, aka “glyphs” or letters.
• 𓋇 [R30] = Seshat = Egyptian goddess of numbers, i.e. the number of the cord length measure in cubits of things, e.g. temple dimensions or farming land, attached to a “name” of a person, place, or thing, in the form of a secret name, made by Thoth’s glyph-letters.
• Egypto = prefix-form of Egyptian, used in “Egypto alpha-numerics” (EAN), coined by Thims, independent of Swift, per influence of Martin Bernal (A32/1987) and his “Egypto-Greek” terminology.

“The examination of this triune concept of letter-number-element, and its elaboration in ancient and medieval scholarship will be the object of the thesis chapters.

It is a work in two phases and nine chapters which follow rather loosely historical chronology: first a defining phase, specific, descriptive and idiographic (Part I), restricted mostly to the Graeco-Latin tradition, and then a comparative phase, illustrative, synthetic and cosmopolitan (Parts II and III).

Part I establishes the object of my research in all its dimensions: Chapter 1 is the most textual based of the thesis. It is devoted to the grammatical aspect, and it runs mostly as a series of glosses to passages from philosophers and to the commentaries on the grammar primer attributed to Dionysius Thrax. Chapter 2 deals with the arithmetical aspects, with a special emphasis on the Pythagorean tradition [Greek alphanumerics], and in particular on the fragments attributed to Philolaus and on the Introduction to Arithmetic by Nicomachus of Gerasa.
Part II includes four chapters, mining the scriptural traditions of late Hellenistic and early medieval periods, incorporating the views of evolving, growing and nascent Abrahamic religions. Chapter 3 studies Jewish Biblical and Rabbinic texts [Hebrew alphanumerics], and Chapter 4 does the same with early Christian sources [Christian alphanumerics]. Chapter 5 tries to deal in unitary fashion with the very heterogeneous body of late Hellenistic Hermetic, Gnostic and magic texts, and Chapter 6 looks at the Quranic and related Islamic exegetical literature.
Part III, in three chapters, explores some specific cases of Abrahamic alphanumeric cosmology in a dually understood ’theurgic’ dimension: as the creative act of the world-making deity, and as the divinely oriented work of man; hence this part includes texts more closely related to cosmogony, liturgy, magic, and alchemy. Chapter 7 focuses on the basic structure and concepts of the above-mentioned Sefer Yetsirah; Chapter 8 looks at certain Celtic and Scholastic Christian practices and doctrines; and finally Chapter 9 follows the alphanumeric elements through major Islamic philosophical texts, including the Epistles of the Brethren of Purity and some texts by Muhyi al-Din ibn Arabi.
The time span covered by the research is given, roughly, by the two ends of what I suggest we may call the ‘alphanumeric age,’ between the late sixth century BC [2500A/-545], when numerals and letters first coalesced in the Greek Milesian system, and the twelfth century AD [400A/+1555], when the introduction of the Indo-Arabic numerals around the Mediterranean was becoming generalised and letters and numbers ceased to have a single 'body.' This will be discussed in some more detail in the final Conclusion.

“Aside from excellent specialised works on Jewish, Islamic and Hermetic alphanumeric cosmology, there is a remarkable dearth of English-language literature on this topic in general. There are two major contributions, both originally in German and never translated into English.
The one closest to my research, though second in chronological order, is Franz Dornseiff's 37A/1922 monograph: The Alphabet in Mysticism and Magic; or Stoicheia: Studies on the History of the Ancient Worldview and Greek Science (Das Alphabet in Mystik und Magie (= Stoicheia: Studien zur Geschichte des antiken Weltbildes und der griechischen Wissenschaft). Dornseiff himself expresses in his introduction the desirable opening towards more Eastern sources than he could include. I hope that this thesis will at least in some ways be a contribution towards that desideratum, as it is also an updating of sources regarding these topics of alphanumeric symbolism and alphanumeric speculation broadly speaking.
The second major landmark is Hermann Diels' Elementum (64A/1899), a comprehensive historical lexicological work, tracing the history of the words στοιχειον [ΣΤΟΙΧΕΙΟΝ] [𓆙 Ⓣ ◯ 𓇰 𓊖 {𓂺 𓏥} 𓇰 ◯ 𓏂] [stoicheion] and elementum in great detail, and of the many variations of the ’letter simile’ (Buchstabengleichnis) and the ‘lettercase simile’ (Schriftkastenbild, assuming a set of moveable printing types). Dornseiff's work became an undisputed reference work for the subject and had no direct continuators, but Diels' prompted several kinds of partial refutations and additions on different fronts. Lagercranz (44A/1911), Vollgraff (6A/1949), Koller (0A/1955), Burkert (A4/1959), and Schwabe (A25/1980) were explicitly in dialogue with Diels mostly about the Greek term, while Rogge (32A/1923), Sittig (A3/1952), and Coogan (A19/1974) focused on elementum.
Lumpe (A7/1962) gives a brief account summarising much of Diels from the perspective of conceptual history. Balks (A10/1965), barely cited elsewhere, gives what I consider an important insight into the metric and prosodic associations of the Greek. Druart (A13/1968) has examined very carefully the use and scope of στοιχειον [ΣΤΟΙΧΕΙΟΝ] [stoicheion] in Plato's works, complemented by the more recent work by Laspia, who gives a very useful summary of the status questionis. I should also mention here an important recent work by Weiss' which takes Dornseiff as starting point.
Drawing variously from the above, the following have elaborated more on aspects of the concept itself and less on the philological aspect. Ryle (Α5/1960) deals with logic and the Platonic theory of forms; Lohmann (Α25/1980) with mathematical related terms; Vogt-Spira (Α36/1991) studies the phonetic-written duality, and Crowley (Α50/2005) treats specifically Aristotle's usage. Among encyclopedic articles, I have found Kittel’s and Blossner's particularly orientating.
My primary intention in this new research on an old theme is to go back to the original texts and to expand the range of texts examined; in particular to study the semantic analogies found in Hebrew and Arabic, which with Greek and Latin constitute the main scholarly languages of the Mediterranean Middle Ages. This expansion of the field of vision is of course made possible by profiting from the insights of all the above scholars.
As may be surmised, given such precedents, this work pertains initially to philology or historical linguistics, and more specifically to lexicology, since it begins with the study of one word in one particular language, but the reader will quickly notice that cuotxEiov is not the object of my study, but merely one of the names of my object of study, and it is valuable only because of its synthetic semantic power, and because of its place in the history of Greek philosophy. Because this is in fact the study of a polysemy, the words themselves, στοιχειον or elementum or sefirah or harf, are only important as facets of the 'jewel' (jawhar, Arabic for jewel, essence, Greek ousia), or as gateways into the fullness of the concept.
By studying the words, we see more clearly the aspects of the concept, which in turn allows us to identify other terms used for one or other aspect of the same root concept, in what is already part of a semantic enquiry, or the history of an idea.

1. I have added hyphens for the sake of clarity, whereas in the original coining, they may or may not have been used, unique for each word and person who coined or first used the term.
2. This page was prompted into mind, following discussion with new EAN user Ok-Introduction-1940, who states that Fideler’s Sun of God, which is a top 5 EAN required reading book 📚, was “illuminating”. Whence, Fideler‘s work is mostly “Greek alpha-numerics“ (GAN), as compared to “Egypto alpha-numerics” (EAN), which is the core of all of them.

• On the coining of Egypto alphanumerics
• How many engineers does it take to decode the alphabet?
• Six-volume Egypto alpha numerics (EAN) book 📚 set?
• Ishango bone 🦴, Congo, Africa (20,000A/-18,045), and number four: 𓏽, to number eight: 𓐁, to letter H evolution: » 𓏽 + 𓏽 » 𓐁 » 𐤇 » H » 𐌇 » 𐡇
• Anatomy of a Letter

• Diels, Hermann. (64A/1899). Elementum: a preliminary work on the Greek and Latin Thesaurus (Elementum: eine Vorarbeit zum griechischen und lateinischen Thesaurus). Verlag.
• Dornseiff, Franz. (35A/c.1920). Stoicheia: Studies for the History of Ancient Worldview and of Greek Scholarship (Stoicheia: Studien zur Geschichte der antiken Weltanschauung und der griechischen Wissenschaft). Publisher.
• Dornseiff, Franz. (33A/1922). The Alphabet in Mysticism and Magic; or Stoicheia: Studies on the History of the Ancient Worldview and Greek Science (Das Alphabet in Mystik und Magie (= Stoicheia: Studien zur Geschichte des antiken Weltbildes und der griechischen Wissenschaft). Leipzig.
• Swift, Peter. (A17/1972). Egyptian Alphanumerics: A theoretical framework along with miscellaneous departures. Part I: The Narrative being a description of the proposed system, linguistic associations, numeric correspondences and religious meanings. Part II: Analytics being a detailed presentation of the analytical work (abstract). Publisher, A68/2023.
• Fideler, David. (A38/1993). Jesus Christ, Sun of God: Ancient Cosmology and Early Christian Symbolism (pdf-file) (§: Gematria Index [image], pgs. 425-26). Quest Books.
• Barry, Kieren. (A44/1999). The Greek Qabalah: Alphabetic Mysticism and Numerology in the Ancient World (pdf-file) (§: Appendix II: Dictionary of Isopsephy, pgs. 215-271). Weiser.
• Psychoyos, Dimitris. (A50/2005). “The Forgotten Art of Isopsephy: and the Magic Number KZ” (abst) (Acad), Semiotica, 154:157-224.
• Gadalla, Moustafa. (A61/2016). Egyptian Alphabetical Letters of Creation Cycle. Publisher.
• Helou, Rihab. (A62/2017). The Phoenician Alphabet: Hidden Mysteries. Notre Dame.
• Acevedo, Juan. (A60/2015), “The Idea of Stoicheîon in Grammar and Cosmology from Plato to Agrippa" (pdf-file), MPhil/PhD Proposal, Supervisor: Charles Burnet. Warburg Institute.
• Acevedo, Juan. (A63/2018). The of Στοιχεῖον (Stoicheion) in Grammar and Cosmology: From Antique Roots to Medieval Systems (pdf-file). PhD thesis. Warburg Institute, University of London.
• Acevedo, Juan. (A65/2020). Alphanumeric Cosmology From Greek into Arabic: The Idea of Stoicheia Through the Medieval Mediterranean (pdf-file) (preview) (A64 video) (A66 podcast). Publisher.
• Acevedo, Juan. (A64/2019). “Alphanumeric Cosmology: The Grammar and Arithmetic of the Cosmos”, YouTube, King‘s Foundation, Oct 23.
• Acevedo, Juan. (A65/2020). Alphanumeric Cosmology From Greek into Arabic: The Idea of Stoicheia Through the Medieval Mediterranean (pdf-file) (preview). Publisher.
• Acevedo, Juan. (A66/2021). “Title” (A66 podcast).
• Thims, Libb. (A66/2021). Abioism [a-282-ism]: No Thing is Alive, Life Does Not Exist, Terminology Reform, and Concept Upgrade (pdf-file) (§: Isopsephy, pgs. xxxv-xl). LuLu.

• Alphanumerics - Hmolpedia A66.
• Isopspehy - Hmolpedia A66.
• Gematria - Hmolpedia A66.