Hello, maayung hapon ninyu tanan. Mangutana lang unta ko kung pila ang ticket sa motor 125cc patabok Roro gikan Toledo padung San Carlos? Ug kada oras na ila byahe diha?
Daghang Salamat sa makatubag tanan.

We liked a home in San Carlos , it has a beautiful view. However there’s an empty lot right below the house which is zoned for SFH. If someone buys the lot and decides to build a two storey house it would obstruct all the view, one storey is ok as the house is on an incline. This was an issue for a Belmont home before too. How worried we should be about a potential new construction obstructing the view. I am ok with not having a view but if paying a price for the view, don’t want to lose it down the line. Does home owners have any say in it?

TLDR; seeking recommendations for a non-touristy but convenient homebase town for a month in Northern Italy over the holidays
Hello friends. I’m considering renting a place in Northern Italy for 4-5 weeks over December and would love thoughts on a homebase town.
A little about me/what I’m looking for:
I spent a week over Christmas in Venice in 2019 and while I was warned by local friends that it may be “dead,” I loved it and found it festive and serene even though some things were closed. I spent five weeks on the Amalfi Coast in the spring last year, and rented a flat in Atrani as my homebase. I went on day trips to explore the other towns and islands, and explored further via ferry and/or train for 2–3 days to Rome, Naples, Florence, and Ischia, or just relaxed in Atrani. I work remotely and love finding a more peaceful and less touristy homebase where I can settle in, and then bouncing around as I want, and I like staying for a while so that I can explore in a more relaxed way.
I am not a person who needs or wants to be in the middle of all the action—I liked that Atrani was quieter day to day in the off season, but was easily accessible to larger shops, more restaurants, and a bus and ferry terminal in Amalfi. I share all that to say: I am looking to replicate a similar experience in Northern Italy, and I’m okay if I’m a bit bored! :) I don’t mind if it’s quieter or if the weather that time of year is what some might consider dreary.
Must-have criteria: - a town, walkable to shops and cafes (not countryside or a very busy city) - safe for a single woman (will have friends/family with me sporadically, but primarily on my own) - convenient to transit opportunities. I am open to renting a car if it will help me get around; I would just prefer to rely on trains to get to cities or towns further abound.
Places on my list that I would love to visit during the trip: - Milan - Verona - the towns on Lake Como - a few days in either Cortina d’Ampezzo or at the San Luis retreat in Hafling (just north of Bolzano) - possibly a few days in Venice to see friends
What do you think? Thoughts on a good homebase? Anywhere absolutely unmissable for spending 4–5 weeks in the region? Any major red flags? Thank you in advance!

Web 3.0 isn't blockchains and NFTs, it's the fact that a taco place in my neighborhood has its own mobile ordering app. I haven't downloaded it, but I walk by the sign sometimes and I can see a little preview of its sans serif font and its flat UI colored white and teal. If I want to go into the restaurant and order a taco, the only limits on my behavior are those I impose on myself out of a desire to be normal and not be a dick. But if I access the taco place's public API through the iOS app (gross, what the fuck), my message is restricted to the specific form the API requires.
The new web is characterized by a client-server model backed by infrastructure giants like AWS and Google Cloud. For the vast majority of internet users, all economic and social activity passes through one of a few platforms, a sort of digital kindergarten where your life is totally owned by whoever built the sandbox. This model brought the disappearance of free-form communication and an increasingly restricted online life circumscribed by the very same tech giants. The simple fact that most of these companies have "trust and safety" divisions implies that they feel a paternalistic responsibility to care for us and protect us on the computer. Like babies. Naturally, much like a real baby, the main things people like to do on the new internet are babble and ask other people to bring them food.
The trend toward flat, colorful minimalist interfaces built on React Native also reflects the move towards a baby-friendly internet. Even the buttons have rounded corners to protect your soft little skull in case you trip and hit your head.
This might be explained by inclusiveness. In the pursuit of maximum growth aka maximum inclusion, maybe we had to make interfaces so simple a toddler could use them. I remember years ago watching my 2-year-old cousin find apps on her mom's iPad with unnerving fluency. But I think the real reason is simpler. Wittingly or unwittingly, this structural mode of the internet creates owners with the authority of parents and users with the agency of children.

FT: San Jose Earthquakes 0-1 Orlando City SC

Venue: PayPal Park
Auto-refreshing reddit comments link
LINE-UPS
San Jose Earthquakes
William Yarbrough, Rodrigues , Bruno Wilson, Vítor Costa (Jack Skahan), Carlos Akapo, Hernan Lopez (Paul Marie), Carlos Gruezo (Niko Tsakiris), Jackson Yueill, Jeremy Ebobisse (Preston Judd), Amahl Pellegrino (Benjamin Kikanovic), Cristian Espinoza.
Subs: Tanner Beason, Daniel Munie, Jacob Jackson, Alfredo Morales.
^{____________________________}
Orlando City SC
Pedro Gallese, Wilder Cartagena, Rodrigo Schlegel, David Brekalo, Felipe , Dagur Dan Thórhallsson (Martín Ojeda), Nicolás Lodeiro, Facundo Torres (Rafael Santos), Iván Angulo, Luis Muriel (Kyle Smith), Duncan McGuire (Jack Lynn) (Jeorgio Kocevski).
Subs: Mason Stajduhar, Abdi Salim, Yutaro Tsukada, Favian Loyola.
MATCH EVENTS via ESPN
16' Substitution, Orlando City SC. Jack Lynn replaces Duncan McGuire because of an injury.
63' Substitution, San Jose Earthquakes. Benjamin Kikanovic replaces Amahl Pellegrino.
63' Substitution, San Jose Earthquakes. Preston Judd replaces Jeremy Ebobisse.
63' Substitution, San Jose Earthquakes. Niko Tsakiris replaces Carlos Gruezo.
70' Vítor Costa (San Jose Earthquakes) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
79' Substitution, Orlando City SC. Rafael Santos replaces Facundo Torres.
79' Substitution, Orlando City SC. Martín Ojeda replaces Dagur Thórhallsson.
83' Substitution, San Jose Earthquakes. Paul Marie replaces Hernán López.
83' Substitution, San Jose Earthquakes. Jack Skahan replaces Vítor Costa.
89' Goal! San Jose Earthquakes 0, Orlando City SC 1. Jack Lynn (Orlando City SC) right footed shot from the centre of the box to the top right corner. Assisted by Martín Ojeda following a fast break.
90'+2' Substitution, Orlando City SC. Kyle Smith replaces Luis Muriel.
90'+2' Substitution, Orlando City SC. Jeorgio Kocevski replaces Jack Lynn.
^{Don't see a thread for a match you're watching? Click here to learn how to request a match thread from this bot.}

Overview

		⚽
Home	San Jose Earthquakes	0
Away	Orlando City SC	1
Status	Full Time
Venue	PayPal Park
City	San Jose, California
Date	Saturday May 18, 2024
Time	07:30 PM PDT

♻️ Auto-refreshing reddit comments link
Lineups

	San Jose Earthquakes	Pos		Orlando City SC	Pos
	William Yarbrough, #25	G		Pedro Gallese, #1	G
	Rodrigues , #26	CD-L		Wilder Cartagena, #16	CD
	Bruno Wilson, #4	CD-R		Rodrigo Schlegel, #15	CD-L
	Vítor Costa, #94	LB		David Brekalo, #4	CD-R
	Carlos Akapo, #29	RB		Felipe , #8	CM-L
	Hernan Lopez, #23	AM		Dagur Dan Thórhallsson, #17	CM-R
	Carlos Gruezo, #7	LM		Nicolás Lodeiro, #14	AM
	Jackson Yueill, #14	RM		Facundo Torres, #10	LM
	Jeremy Ebobisse, #11	F		Iván Angulo, #77	RM
	Amahl Pellegrino, #9	AM-L		Luis Muriel, #9	CF-L
	Cristian Espinoza, #10	AM-R		Duncan McGuire, #13	CF-R
	Preston Judd, #19	SUB		Mason Stajduhar, #31	SUB
	Tanner Beason, #15	SUB		Jack Lynn, #27	SUB
	Daniel Munie, #24	SUB		Abdi Salim, #28	SUB
	Jacob Jackson, #98	SUB		Yutaro Tsukada, #34	SUB
	Paul Marie, #3	SUB		Rafael Santos, #3	SUB
	Jack Skahan, #16	SUB		Favian Loyola, #95	SUB
	Niko Tsakiris, #30	SUB		Kyle Smith, #24	SUB
	Benjamin Kikanovic, #28	SUB		Martín Ojeda, #11	SUB
	Alfredo Morales, #6	SUB		Jeorgio Kocevski, #33	SUB

Match events via ESPN

• Kickoff
  
• 16' 🔄 Substitution, Orlando City SC. Jack Lynn replaces Duncan McGuire because of an injury.
  
• 45'+5' First Half ends, San Jose Earthquakes 0, Orlando City SC 0.
  
• 45' Start 2nd Half
  
• 63' 🔄 Substitution, San Jose Earthquakes. Benjamin Kikanovic replaces Amahl Pellegrino.
  
• 63' 🔄 Substitution, San Jose Earthquakes. Preston Judd replaces Jeremy Ebobisse.
  
• 63' 🔄 Substitution, San Jose Earthquakes. Niko Tsakiris replaces Carlos Gruezo.
  
• 70' 🟨 Vítor Costa (San Jose Earthquakes) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
  
• 79' 🔄 Substitution, Orlando City SC. Rafael Santos replaces Facundo Torres.
  
• 79' 🔄 Substitution, Orlando City SC. Martín Ojeda replaces Dagur Thórhallsson.
  
• 83' 🔄 Substitution, San Jose Earthquakes. Paul Marie replaces Hernán López.
  
• 83' 🔄 Substitution, San Jose Earthquakes. Jack Skahan replaces Vítor Costa.
  
• 89' ⚽ Goal! San Jose Earthquakes 0, Orlando City SC 1. Jack Lynn (Orlando City SC) right footed shot from the centre of the box to the top right corner. Assisted by Martín Ojeda following a fast break.
  
• 90'+2' 🔄 Substitution, Orlando City SC. Kyle Smith replaces Luis Muriel.
  
• 90'+2' 🔄 Substitution, Orlando City SC. Jeorgio Kocevski replaces Jack Lynn.
  

^{This thread is managed by a bot running on AWS Lambda. All data is sourced from ESPN APIs. The project can be found on GitHub at mrundle/mls-reddit-bot. This post was last updated at 2024-05-18 23:40:10 CDT.}

We are getting married in San Diego next year, and I am hoping to learn more about what to expect in terms of planning and costs. I will admit that I know practically nothing about the wedding industry. I am hoping that those who have recently held weddings in Southern California (ideally in San Diego) can let me know if the prices I am estimating are currently accurate. I have reached out to several vendors in each category, and have a total cost estimate of $65,900.
We are planning to invite about 100 guests, mostly adults with perhaps a few children attending.
The venue will be Darlington House in La Jolla, San Diego. Darlington House only allows catering from an approved list of vendors, so that limits our options.
But if there are any tips/tricks/areas where we could save that stand out, please let me know!

Name	Cost	Description
Venue	$8000	8 hour total, reception and ceremony, and $800 extra fee to take photos in certain areas
Valet Parking	$2000	The venue does not include guest parking
Furniture and Decor	$9000	bar to serve drinks, 10 tables, 100 chairs, linens, chargers, candles, plates, flatware, lounge area (couches and coffee tables), outdoor games, etc.
Twinkle lights	$2000	lights over the dining area outdoors
Flowers	$5200	Bud vases at each table, bridal boquet, bridesmaid flowers, ground flowers for ceremony
Food	$12500	Plated catering for 100 guests. BYOB alcohol and 2 bartenders.
Alcohol	$2500	Caterer provides BYOB service and bartender, we provide beewine/spirits for signature cocktails. Estimating that guests will drink roughly 7 drinks per person so 700 total drinks
Dessert	$1000	$400 wedding cake (two layer) and $600 coffee and dessert/snack cart
Wedding Coordinator	$3500
Music - DJ	$1250	4 hours, during reception
Music - Guitarist	$600	2 hours total - 1 hour, during ceremony 1 hour cocktail hour
Photographer	$4800	8 hours, and engagement photos to be taken at some point before the wedding
Videographer	$5000	8 hours
Bridal Wedding Dress	$3000
Entertainment	$1200	$600 belly dancer, $600 photo booth
Bridal makeup and hair	$550
Rehearsal Dinner	$2400	Restaurant and drinks for 30 guests (bridesmaids, groomsmen, family)
Wedding Day breakfast	$500	Breakfast on day of the wedding for 30 guests (bridesmaids, groomsmen, family)
Hotel	$900	bride/groom hotel rooms 2 nights

My family has a company (Shanghai Lebai Robotics Co., Ltd) that manufactures 6-axis robotic arms (Model LM3). We recently sold one to San Diego State University's computer science lab for research purposes, and we’re looking to expand further into the US market.
Our robot arms are designed for a variety of applications, including research, vending, and providing comprehensive restaurant solutions. We have successful products in Asia, Europe, and Australia. Additionally, our robots are priced very competitively compared to others on the market.
If you’re interested or know someone who might be, please let me know!

San Jose resident moving to Hayward in a week to the downtown area, just west of BART.
Anything we should know about in the area? Nice places to view the sunset, interesting oddities, restaurants? Places to avoid?
We'll explore the area, but just wanted to see what the locals think.

The Hideout DOJRP is a serious roleplay server which has been running for 3+ years and still going strong with over 31,000 members! Being a part of this server allows you to partake in being a mechanic, police officer, EMS, or even a business owner, while having an amazing community surrounding you!
Some parts of the server that will definitely want to check out are:
Police - Being a police officer means that YOU are the one protecting the state of San Andreas, and ensuring all of its residents are safe. We have 3 departments, Los Santos Police Department, Blaine County Sheriffs Office, and San Andreas State Troopers, with each department offering it's own unique benefits and opportunities.
Player owned businesses - In our server, we have a vast amount of player owned business starting from mechanic shops and dealerships, to restaurants and even dispensaries. Being an employee at any of these businesses opens a lot of opportunity to earn a lot of money, and to explore the city. You also can apply to own any open business to get a chance at owning any of them. Applications are open to anyone that plays in our server, no matter how long you have been in it.
Events - A very special part of our server are events. They allow people to bring in the community to a spot in the city to enjoy themselves, party, or even raffle off cars. You can either do a pop up event you handle yourself, or you can contact any one of our dedicated Event Coordinators to set up an organized event with prizes, challenges etc. There are almost no limits to an event, so go wild!
This is just the beginning of your journey in our server, and there is much, much more to learn and explore, so what are you waiting for, come check what the hype is all about! Also, when you first fly in to our server, you get the chance to put in a referral code to earn yourself $100,000 to get you started in the city, make sure to use this referral code: E860F58
https://discord.gg/nvrvtWck

I'm running Puppet Shows and Shadow Plays for the first time and, while I like the module and I think it's going to turn out fun, I've had some issues with parts of it that I wanted to share.
I'd like to preface this by saying that it's a cool scenario, the updated version is an improvement over the original, all of the problems are arguably a matter of opinion, and most of them can be easily fixed.
Lack of meaningful description
What's San Carlos like?
What does the tribal police station, or the medical facility, or the ranch look like?
I don't want block text to read, I just want a few phrases and enough detail for me to sketch the place for the players. (Floor plans would be better, but hey)
Another one where the fix is for me to GM prep, but I paid for a module so I wouldn't have to do too much of that.
This great collection of additional resources (handouts, descriptions of the reservation and key locations) shared by u/kinnygraham in this comment on another thread has been vital for helping me imagine the town.
Rolling for clues
Every other DG RPG module I've read has had most clues based on having 40/50/60 in a skill, but in PSSP (even the updated version) you still need to roll for everything for some reason. I ended up giving my players a lot of clues but they did the right stuff with the right skills and only made them roll when there were bonus clues that would make them look cool.
It's not a major gripe, but it would have been nice to see the updated module make use of the new tech.
Weird Railroady Moments
My least favourite moment in an RPG product is when the author tells you something like "players / a particular NPC, often the antagonist, can't die right here" which sucks IMO, and there's at least one in Puppet Shows. The way I see it, the PCs are largely stripped of power an autonomy by the premise of the game, so taking more power away with set plot-pieces feels cruel and off-genre. That's just me, though.
Not hard to fix, but a real pet peave of mine. I'd be interested to hear about how everyone else feels about this.
Why would I get to the chopper?
This section verges on a spoiler but honestly I wouldn't care if any my players had read this before we played
There's also a moment when the module lays out what happens if the players ask to use the State Police helicopters. I have no idea why any FBI agent whose been asked to assist the state police would push to use their equipment or barge their way into their side of the operation. I had the major mention he wouldn't mind having them along, but really I should have just made the helicopters an FBI asset at their disposal and mentioned that during the FBI briefing, but actually having them go up in a chopper to see a car and come back down is just not that fun.
Not a major issue, because the State Police can share info with the agents, but still it creates a situation where the evidence and briefing at the opening of the module only really gives one lead (the ranch) to go off and chase.

JAPAN
12 April 1946 – surrender of Japan, brief premiership of Naruhiko Higashikuni (14 April to 9 June 1946), followed by Kijūrō Shidehara. Occupation mostly carried by US troops, but also Commonwealth zone (UK, Australia, Canada and New Zealand), led by Douglas MacArthur as the SCAP (Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers)
Situation is even way worse than in our reality thanks to all the destruction. First effort is gíve relief to the starving population. Even greater than in our reality are efforts to remove Hirohito (and it is impossible to imagine for the most of Allied leaders including Truman and Churchill to keep him on the throne after this brutal invasion), and despite opposition of MacArthur, Allies force the emperor to abdicate (and renounce divine status) in favour of regency headed by Takahito, (27 July 1946), when Akihito comes to age, he would become the Emperor. Hirohito’s abdication marks the beginning of Seika era, era of Emperor Akihito.
Hirohito is still given all possible protections against any trials for war crimes by MacArthur and is basically sent to comfortable retirement. Institution of monarchy is protected by Allies. Through 1946-1947 many westernisation reforms by MacArthur, based largely on FDR’s New Deal, as in our reality. April-May, political prisoners were released, and Communist Party of Japan was legalised and became politically active organising strikes. 10 February 1947 the first election with women suffrage, victory of Democratic Liberal Party headed by war criminal Hatoyama, who was eventually purged by Allied administration, so Shigeru Yoshida became new prime minister (22 March 1947).
By mid-1947 many officials connected to war crimes were purged, however since then, the course was reversed due to American need for the creation of a powerful Ally against the USSR and many regained power or at least avoided persecution. Through 1947 Americans wrote a new Japanese constitution (later in American myths it was MacArthur completely by himself), 3 August 1947 it was presented. Major shift from our reality is that Article 9, although considered, is not included in such sense as in our reality, it states only that “Aspiring sincerely to an international peace based on justice and order, the Japanese people forever renounce war as a sovereign right of the nation and the threat or use of force as means of settling international disputes” second part about demilitarisation is missing. Since summer 1947, US authorities adopt “Reverse Course” policies - aforementioned rehabilitation of officials, also protection of Zaibatsu (which Americans originally wanted to break-up and weaken), and reconstruction. Tokyo Trials 26 September 1946 to 12 January 1950 – MacArthur’s cover up of Japanese war crimes to a lesser extent, but it still does happen (including Unit 731). Taft also, like in Germany, attacks trials as “victor's justice”. From 25 December to 31 1950 Khabarovsk war crimes trials in the USSR about war criminals from Manchuria.
Persecution of growing Japanese communist movement starts. 1948-1951 “Red Purge”. Since March 1949 Dodge Line plan of right-wing economic reforms (cutting public spending, limiting public consumption, and reorienting industrial production in favour of export-oriented), also increase in unemployment and law against unions passed. In 1949 conflicts between communists and authorities escalated into many strikes, pro-communist politicians and officials began to be fired, after summer strike waves also purges of workers and academics. 1 July 1949 Japanese Self-Defence forces established – official remilitarisation. 23 October 1949 election, victory of DLP, electoral success of communists.
Peace Treaty with Japan
President Taft was eager to restore Japanese Independence – SCAP already transferred large amount of authority to Japanese trough 1949, secretary of the state William Richards Castle Jr took initiative. Despite Taft’s initial opposition to idea of continuous military presence, he is persuaded to keep limited number of stationed troops. Peace Treaty with Japan was scheduled after Treaty with Germany. Talks began in August 1950, however talks collapsed over China, despite at the time everyone recognised KMT, Soviets wanted PRC representatives to also attend. Other negotiations were called for January 1951, which resulted into calling for a Peace Conference with Japan in San Francisco analogous to the previous one with Germany. 6 March to 8 August 1951 San Francisco Conference, USSR and its allies boycotted them due to not including Chinese representatives. Despite Chinese and Soviets not being present, their interests were considered. Taiwan was ceded to China, Sakhalin, and Kuril Islands to USSR, unlike OTL Okinawa and more territories were already given back to Japan. Treaty was signed 8 August 1951, valid since 8 March 1952. Separate peace treaties were signed between Japan and ROC (30 January 1953), the Soviet Union and Korea “Vladivostok Treaties” 28 April 1952, these treaties recognised Soviet control over former Japanese territories and entitled Japan to pay reparations to Korea.
8 September 1951 U.S.-Japan Security Treaty was signed, which dictated Japan to accept continuous American military presence. This treaty caused a wave of resistance in Japan, uniting Japanese from right to left. Bloody May Day – over a million protestors in all of Japan, in Tokyo these protests escalated into violence and protests were massacred by police. 1 October 1952 election victory of Yoshida’s Liberal Party. 10 November 1952 coronation ceremony of Emperor Akihito, it marks symbolic beginning of new post-war Japan.
Philippines – 4 July 1947 United States gave official independence to Philippines and retained there many military bases (agreement from 1946 establishes bases for 99 years!) and the US still keeps a degree of political and economic dominance. 28 June 1946 Manuel Roxas became president of Philippines (still under US control then), communists were expelled from Congress despite being democratically elected – Hukbalahap Rebellion resumes (June 1946) and gained substantial strength, United States interferes and supports the government. On 15 April 1948 Roxas died of a heart attack; he was succeeded by vice-president Elpidio Quirino (re-elected in a fraudulent election 8 November 1949). Since the Taft Presidency, interests of Americans in Philippine affairs decreased, aid against Huks drained. President Quirino initiated major social reforms during his second term and attempted mostly useful land reform. 1950-1951 Huks successfully boosted their strength with seizing and keeping control over the centre of Laguna province – Santa Cruz. In 1952 Huks controlled sizable parts of the country and due to government corruption and brutality against rebels had also popular support. In 1951 they started to obtain massive support from China (from 1948 they were also backed by Korea).
Indonesia
Independence
As Japan surrendered, two days later on 14 April 1946 Indonesia (then with its majority under Japanese control) Indonesia declared independence, Sukarno became president and Hatta vice-president. Indonesians took advantage of the lack of established authority. Indonesia was occupied by Commonwealth forces (started in late May 1946). 27 June to 20 July 1946 a large battle between Indonesian and British forces – Battle of Surabaya, under significant losses results into a British victory. Churchill wanted to restore Dutch colonial rule and was ready to back them.
Important is Dutch reaction, Dutch government at the time was coalition between all parties formed after liberation by the Red Army in September 1945 (in wikibox there is 1946, another mistake overlook until I needed that), all parties with exception of CPN supported re-conquest of Indonesia, while communists wanted to grand them independence. CPN is vigorously opposed to continued colonisation and due to CPN securing second place in 1946 election and to lesser degree Soviet pressure on Dutch to recognise Indonesia, talks began in February 1947. Coincidentally with the December 1946 election there was a Malino Conference in which representatives of Dutch controlled territory backed the plan for creation of Dutch aligned federal states. 15 February 1947 Linggadjati Round Table Agreement is signed, in which Netherlands recognises Indonesian Republic controlled territory and both sides agree on formation of the Federal Republic of Indonesia (Republic, East Indonesia and Kalimantan) by 1 January 1948, FRI would newly formed Netherlands-Indonesian Union with the Dutch monarch as head. Similar agreement was reached in our reality but failed. In this timeline everything goes through, despite the fall of the Dutch coalition in summer 1947.
Federation
First Indonesian prime minister under Sutan Sjahrir (April to 3 December 1946), replaced by Amir Sjarifuddin, his cabinet included leftist forces, eventually even communists, who were instrumental in making agreement with the Netherlands (as part of the Dutch coalition were also communist negotiators). This cabinet stayed in power, avoiding real life events of the Madiun Affair. New government headed by Mohammad Hatta was formed after the creation of the federal republic. Creation of this republic was met with criticism from Islamists, who launched the Darul Islam rebellion led by Sekarmadji Maridjan Kartosoewirjo (7 August 1948). Overall, young Indonesia was a very unstable country. Anti-unitary forces attempted a failed coup in January 1950. Federation was not popular among Indonesians, so it was quickly dissolved and replaced with a unitary republic (14 April 1950). The Republic of South Maluku attempted to break away with Dutch support, however failed to do so.
Liberal Democratic Period (to 1952)
Newly declared Indonesian republic adopted its constitution and became a free parliamentary democracy. First government was a leftwing one again under Sjarifuddin, however eventually collapsed due to Indonesian National Party (12 October 1950, replaced by cabinet of Mohammad Natsir), but this government managed to pass electoral law, so first Indonesian legislative elections were held (29 September 1951), lot of parties ran and get seats – four largest were PNI (left wing nationalism), Masyumi (liberal Islamism), Nahdlatul Ulama (Islamism), PKI (communists) and PSI- Parsi (democratic socialism). Result was a right leaning coalition under Sidik Djojosukarto (PNI- Masyumi and several minor parties), in 1952 Indonesia officially left “Union” with Netherlands.
British Malaya
1 November 1946 British colonies were united into the “Malayan Union”, strengthening and centralising British control, stripping local sultans of their powers. This created another opposition movement under nationalist United Malays National Organisation, they applied massive resistance and did not participate in British institutions. Unlike OTL, during the Churchill years, there was no reform. In 1952 (1 February) it was transformed due to this massive and long resistance (and also due to large scale communist uprising) to Federation of Malaya, attempting to appease at least conservative nationalists.
Anti–British National Liberation War (early years)
Postwar economic turmoil, powerful communist organisation, brutal response of colonial authorities to strikers. Malaya was a key British source of resources, to pay for US debts (even way more rising in importance after Taft). 17 June 1948 Sungai Siput incident – revenge killing of plantation managers lead to massive British anti-communist arrests, and communists went into hiding. Also, the uprising in Burma (1947) also plays a role as another new motivation. February 1949 Malayan National Liberation Army under Chin Peng is formed (reformed from anti-Japanese resistance movement), MNLA has support of the population and is based in jungles and areas very hard to access for colonialists. Britain imposes very harsh repression against the population, leading to even more widespread support for MNLA. April 1950 “Briggs Plan” adopted forced deportations of ethnic Chinese to camps (up to half million people). The UK also uses Agent Orange (as the first country in the World), murders and tortures countless civilians, and destroys villages.
6 October 1951 British High Commissioner Henry Gurney survives MNLA ambush, this is actually damaging to the British as his replacement Gerald Templer was more competent in fighting with partisans. British forces are aided by other commonwealth nations. By 1953 the UK had problems dealing with communists and communists were stronger compared to our reality.
British Sarawak, North Borneo, Brunei
These territories were separated from Malaya in 1946. This was opposed by Malays but supported by the Chinese. Resistance by Malays culminated in assassination of Duncan Stewart. Small communist rebellion also started.
Thailand – After the war in June 1946 king Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII) returned back to Thailand, however, was found shot dead on 26 March 1947 his death was blamed on prime minister Pridi Banomyong, who was forced to resign being replaced by Luang Thamrong.
In 1946 Thailand had to return territories to France. The 20 October 1946 election resulted in the victory of the People's Party, the first government was formed by Khuang Aphaiwong, he was however replaced by Pridi Banomyong after a lost vote of confidence (6 January 1947). Pridi was supportive of Vietnamese Independence, so he ended up being overthrown in a US backed coup (8 November 1947), this coup brough Plaek Pibulsonggram back to power. Military allied with royalists and Khuang Aphaiwong was appointed prime minister. New constitution gave back powers to Monarchythat were decreased in the 1932 revolution. To counter the power of royalist military and Pridi allied supporters, another coup was carried out on 6 April 1948, fully returning Plaek to power; he eventually secured power and foced Pridi into exile. Plaek attempted to fully secure power and destroy opposition, but due to lack of US support since 1949, he was eventually ousted by Pridi and his supporters (11 February 1949). New Direk Jayanama-led left-wing democratic government, managed to secure limited support of USSR and larger one of China (but also Britain due to their previous alliance with Allies) and tried to adopt non alignment foreign political stance. Internal political reforms – reduced power of monarchy, new legislature (in June 1950 democratic election), thanks popular policy of land reform government gained widespread support from the rural population. 29 November 1951 anti-Pridi parts of the military attempted a coup against him as returned from exile Plaek Phibunsongkhram, but eventually failed and Plaek was banished. In 1952 the government turned against conservative royalists and attempted to even further weaken the monarchy.
Vietnam
March Revolution 16 March to 15 April, Abdication of Emperor Bảo Đại (already before surrender of Japan because of fears of French invasion) -> creation of Vietnamese Democratic Republic. In late April North Vietnam was occupied by Chinese forces to accept the surrender of the Japanese. In March also general Leclerc arrives. Fontainebleau Agreements in mid-1946 between Vietnam and France, Vietnam as part of the French Union. With the return of France (November 1946) fighting erupted, war erupted in March 1947. By October France took over main population centres.To increase French support, State of Vietnam was created under emperor Bao Dai (2 August 1949) In 1950 Vietnam recognised by the soviet bloc. Same year the UK recognised the State of Vietnam. In late 1950 Viet Minh launched a successful offensive. In January 1951 de Tassigny was appointed to command, under his leadership France had limited military success. Hower financing the war became a major problem around this time. In March 1951 Viet Minh won in the crucial battle of Vĩnh Yên (17 March) and Viet Minh got close to Hanoi, but the French eventually managed to hold the city after heavy losses.
Change came in 1952 from Paris, talks started in February and eventually ceasefire was declared (28 February). Paris Conference – France officially recognised Democratic Republic of Vietnam, State of Vietnam was not invited as France and DRV both agreed that it was French colony (this was heavily criticised). End of war was also connected with referendum about future of Vietnam, if people support State of Vietnam in union with France or DRV. Referendum was held 14 June 1952 and resulted into landslide victory for Vietminh. Emperor abdicates and State of Vietnam dissolves, but some members of its military continue to resist DRV.
Newly independent Vietnam became a key ally for all of the socialist bloc in Asia and supported anti-colonial movements. In 1952 land reform began – often turned violent with execution of landlords. In 1953 the first five-year plan was launched, focusing on developing the country.
Laos – After the defeat of Japanese anti-colonial Lao Issara emerged. Lao monarch king Sisavang Vong however agreed with restoration of the French protectorate, Lao Issara with aid from China and Viet Minh attempted to resist re-imposition of French rule, however movement was weak and failed to do so and eventually dissolved itself in 1949. In January 1947 an agreement was signed that pledged France to give Laos autonomy inside the French Union. 1950 – Pathet Lao is formed and joins Viet Minh against French forces. In 1952 French officially withdrew from the country.
Cambodia – In 1946 king Norodom Sihanouk attempted to negotiate independence with the French, December 1946 election was held that resulted in victory of the left-wing Democratic party over conservative Liberal party. 23 October 1947 Democratic party dominated assembly passed a constitution modelled on the French one. After the death of Democratic party founder Sisowath Yuthevong, the party divided itself and cannot agree on a concrete program. In 1948 Cambodia was given autonomy by the French. After independence in April 1952, Democratic Party was largely boosted by this success. This avoided the fall of parliamentary democracy.
Ceylon (Sri Lanka)– Sri Lankan leaders led by Don Stephen Senanayake attempted to reach independence through negotiations. However, negotiations with secretary of colonies Oliver Stanley led only to self-governance and the British initially rejected granting Ceylon status of dominion. On 24 September 1947 Senanayake became the first prime minister of the newly formed Ceylonese government. In 1948 granting Dominion status to India led to demonstrations in Ceylon, Senanayake increased his pressure towards Britain. Eventually Ceylon was given the same status as India and Pakistan 4 February 1949. The Senanayake family had a lot of power, after the death of Senanayake (26 March 1952) his son Dudley was chosen by the British governor.
OCEANIA AND AMERICAS (Basically restating history with occasional minor changes, brief)
Australia – 5 July 1945 death of prime minister John Curtin, he was succeeded by Frank Forde until Labour elected Ben Chifley as its new leader. 28 October 1946 Labour government was re-elected against the emerging Liberal Party. His government was characterised by successful Keynesian social democratic politics, similar to later Attlee in UK, (social welfare, universal healthcare – in real life modelled after British one, this timeline it is vice versa, ie. The Chifley government serves as an example for Attlee elected in 1951) starting Australian postwar economic growth. Australia also supports migration to increase its population (Europeans due to the still existing “White Australia” policy). Left-wing policies, such as nationalisations, created opposition from capitalists and their conservative affiliates in politics and media. Criticism also comes from the left due to the government's anti-communism and breaking of strikes. 10 December 1949 Liberal prime minister Robert Menzies was elected. Anti-communism, in 1950 Communist party was banned, it was ruled unconstitutional. 28 April 1951 a new election, triggered the failure of the banking bill, still a victory for Liberals, however they weakened themselves with this move. In 1951 Menzies declared a referendum about banning communist parties and this timeline people agreed, leading to persecution of many communists, it was criticised as a major attack on freedom of political expression. Red Scare was similar to the US at the time, but pushed by Menzies' government. Liberal economic policies, this time taking inspiration from Taft.
New Zealand – 27 November 1946 election, victory of ruling Labour Party, Labour declined and lost popularity due to continuous post-war rationing and Fraser’s support for compulsory military service. 30 November 1949 National Party led by Sidney Holland was elected. The Legislation was changed from bicameral to unicameral, economic reforms, however the National government still supported the welfare state. Conflict with Unions, culminating into the waterfront dispute of 1951, the government responded harshly against workers with strong anti-union legislation, even outright criminalising support for them. 11 July 1951 the government was re-elected and gained more seats as a large part of the public supported their stance against workers, due to widespread anti-communism.
Oceania – “Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands” established in 1948 was originally controlled by the USA as OTL, but eventually transferred to the United Kingdom in 1950, as the US was not interested in its administration.
Canada – economic boom, social welfare Keynesian economic policies. 20 May 1946 first postwar election, victory of Liberals, however failed to obtain majority and had to rely on leftwing Co-operative Commonwealth, resulting in Canada building the strongest welfare state from Commonwealth states and becoming the most progressive one (and also becoming a major destination for European immigrants). On 15 November 1948 King retired and was succeeded by Louis St. Laurent, a French Canadian strongly opposed to communism. Due to this anti-communist however the ruling coalition collapsed, triggering snap election on 27 June 1949, which resulted in victory of Liberals, who yet again could form government without making coalitions. Shortly before the election, 31 March 1949 Canada united with NewFoundland. Canada took an important role while the US was absent in TATO.
Mexico – 1 December 1946 Miguel Alemán Valdés became president. Pro-business policies and industrialisation, development of infrastructure (dubbed Mexican miracle), however also corruption and elitism. Pro-American foreign policy. 1 December 1952 he was succeeded by Adolfo Ruiz Cortines, he was popular due to his strong stance against corruption and rapid economic development.
Guatemala – In 1944 the country was ruled by dictator Jorge Ubico, who was overthrown by a junta that was overthrown in a popular revolution (20 October 1944), 15 March 1945 Juan José Arévalo became the country's first democratically elected president, who introduced many reforms. He developed the political ideology of Arevalismo "spiritual socialism" -it can be considered a form of democratic socialism. 12 November 1950 Jacobo Árbenz was elected president, he continued the policies of Arévalo and was even more ambitious with his democratic socialist reforms. Largest one was Land Reform (17 June 1952) which greatly benefited hundred of thousands poor Guatemalan people especially indigenous ones, however made very angry American United Fruit Company that controlled majority of land and basically country itself, UFC began to lobby for his overthrown...
British Honduras – Rise of voice for independence and People's United Party
Honduras – Rule of pro American dictator Tiburcio Carías Andino, unlike OTL he did not gave power to his puppets and continued to rule the country directly. Rise of discounted with his regime, even greater due any reforms instituted by his successor Juan Manuel Gálvez were not passed.
El Salvador – Authoritarian rule of Salvador Castaneda Castro (1945-1948), suppression of strikes and opposition, eventually he was deposed by military coup (14.12.1948), after rule of military, Óscar Osorio was appointed president (14.9.1950), he instituted some social reforms, but continued corrupt regime and persecution of opposition.
Nicaragua – Dictatorial rule of pro-American Somoza dynasty. 1947-1950 figurehead presidency of Leonardo Argüello Barreto (after Truman’s pressure for liberalisation).
Costa Rica – 12 March – 24 April 1948 civil war, after an attempt to annul victory of opposition candidate José Figueres Ferrer in election, it ultimately led to victory of rebels with US help. José Figueres Ferrer became provisional president. and pushed many important reforms: abolished the military, gave women suffrage, welfare, nationalisations of banks and also outlawed communist party. 1949-1953 presidency of Otilio Ulate Blanco that upheld these reforms.
Panama – pro-American parliamentary democracy dominated by oligarchy.
Colombia – 9 April 1948 popular democratic socialist presidential candidate of the Liberal Party Jorge Eliécer Gaitán was assassinated. This triggered the “La Violencia” (1948-1958) period of massive unrest between the left and the right, over 200 000 died, at the start of the Colombian conflict. On 9 November 1949 Liberal opposition attempted to impeach president Ospina Pérez, he dissolved Congress, creating a presidential dictatorship. Liberal leaders launched an uprising in rural areas (originally it was intended to be a military coup, that however in real life did not take place and here took place and failed). 7 August 1950 new Conservative dictatorial president Laureano Gómez Castro, admirer of Franco, suffered a major heart attack and power was transferred to Roberto Urdaneta Arbeláez in 1951.
Venezuela – 18 October 1945 military coup that brought democracy to Venezuela (October 1946 and December 1947 democratic elections) under president Rómulo Betancourt. The 1940s economy also boomed thanks to oil. However, on 24 November 1948, the military staged a coup and Marcos Pérez Jiménez became dictator, under his oppressive regime there was great economic development, and he was close to the US.
Ecuador – President José María Velasco Ibarra was ousted in military coup (23 August 1947), 1947-1948 unstable country was ruled by military Carlos Mancheno Cajas, eventually military gave power to former vice-president Mariano Suárez Veintimilla, who gave his powers to Congress that elected Carlos Julio Arosemena Tola (31 August 1947). His presidency was strongly allied with the United States. 1 September 1948 Galo Plaza, another strongly pro-American figure, became the next president. He supported technocratic approach, democracy and was very open to foreign (mostly American) influence, exporting bananas to America. 1 June 1952 José María Velasco Ibarra (former deposed president, established politician and Ecuadorian nationalist) won election and became president for third term, his term was stable and brought progress, mostly in great development of infrastructure.
Brazil – Fourth Brazilian Republic, president Eurico Gaspar Dutra (1946-1951). Close relations with the US, liberal economic policy. 31 January 1951 Vargas returned after victory in the 3 October 1950 election. Keynesian economic policy, 1953 creation of PETROBRAS. Rua Tonelero shooting an assassination attempt on leading opposition member Carlos Lacerda (5August 1954) blamed on Vargas by opposition in a strong campaign, 24 August 1954 he committed suicide.
Perú – 1945 leftwing president José Luis Bustamante y Rivero, restoration of democracy. 29 October 1948 military seized power in a coup after murder of a prominent right-wing editor. Manuel Odría's regime strongly persecuted leftwing APRA, supported powerful oligarchy and gained favour of people thanks to populist rhetoric and policies.
Bolivia – 1947 to 1949 rule of Enrique Hertzog, conservative American aligned government. Economy in a terrible state, social unrest and intensified class struggle. Dominant opposition group was Nationalist Revolutionary Movement (MRN) with a program of nationalisations and land reform. Next president Mamerto Urriolagoitía installed military rule (16 May 1951) under Hugo Ballivián. 9 April 1952 Bolivian National Revolution overthrew the junta. Víctor Paz Estenssoro became president. Many left-wing and democratic reforms transformed the country: universal suffrage, nationalisation of mining, large land reform (however created farms were eventually again taken over by large landowners), great influence of trade unions and workers.
Paraguay – Dictator Higinio Morínigo was pushed by the US to liberalise his regime, he legalised political parties and formed a coalition between Colorado and Febreristas. Later ones resigned from the government (11 January 1947) and united with opposition forces (Liberals and Communists) and attempted to topple his regime starting a civil war (7 March – 20 August 1947), despite opposition having popular support, and the government was saved by the US and Argentina. All parties with exception of Colorado were banned and the country became one party state. 16 August 1948 leader of Colorado Juan Natalicio González was elected president. He promoted nationalist policies; several American companies were nationalised. Due to American non-interventionism, three attempted coups against the president failed due to lack of any outside support. In other ways Paraguay was a stable country during his presidency.
Uruguay – functioning democracy, dominance of liberal Colorado party. Presidents: Juan José de Amézaga (1943-1947) – social reforms, economic stability and growth. Tomás Berreta (1947) died in office, Luis Batlle Berres (1947-1951) continued social and leftwing economic reforms.
Chile – Democratic presidential republic. September 1946 presidential election, Gabriel González Videla (Radical) elected. During his presidency many communist strikes, under US pressure Videla passed “Permanent Defense of Democracy Law” (8.9.1948) that banned the communist party, many imprisoned, strikes brutally suppressed, relations with socialist bloc broken. Radicals created alliance with Liberals and Conservatives. 4 September 1952 resulted in the victory of former president nationalist general Carlos Ibáñez del Campo. He repealed the ban on communists and also gained support from the left.
Argentina – Peron and Peronism. Nationalism, populism, social welfare, improvement of working conditions, development of local industry, growing power of the trade unions, authoritarian rule and persecution of opposition etc. Non-aligned foreign policy stance. 26 July 1952 death of Eva Peron.
Cuba – Presidents Ramón Grau (44-48) and Carlos Prío Socarrás (48-52) of left-wing nationalist Partido Auténtico. 10.3.1952 democracy overthrown by Batista’s coup. Pro-American authoritarian regime, serving interests of American elites owning majority of the county.
Haiti – 1946 revolution (11.1) – military seized power and new National Assembly was elected, Dumarsais Estimé became president (16 August 1946 to 10 May 1950), attempts of reforms, focused on expanding education, expansion of worker’s rights, creation of social security system (no passed), major nationalisations. His presidency was marked by growth and economic development. In foreign policy he was allied towards the US. After he tried to extend his time in office, he was removed by the military. General Paul Magloire became new president, he was elected president in 1950 first direct election.
Dominican Republic – Totalitarian far-right dictatorship of Rafael Trujillo. Ally of the US.
INDEPENDENT STATES IN AFRICA
Ethiopia – Emperor Haile Selassie. 15 September 1952 Federation Between Ethiopia and Eritrea formed.
Liberia – US aligned. President William Tubman (1944-1971), stable period.
South Africa – 26 May 1948 Reunited National Party won election. Daniël François Malan became prime minister, 1948-1953 apartheid instituted.
Colonial Africa would be addressed in the next part (since there aren’t too much events 1946-1952, 1953 to 1956 is extremely eventful on the other hand) North Africa covered in another post

Planning our very first trip to Costa Rica. It will be mid December and unfortunately 4 nights is what my wife and I have. Flying into San Jose on a Thursday and landing around 1pm. We are beach lovers, but not party people. We would like a nice, safe area with some restaurants, shops and of course the beach. We are not renting a car. We've been looking into Manuel Antonio and have 3 possible hotels. Should we consider a different area? Any recommendations?

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