I was given a JBL Explorer 20 and a JBL Super Carbine. Both guns are around 20 years old and neither have been used in over 10 years. I need to replace the bands online but my search has been to no avail. I cannot seem to find the right measurements. I found some measurements but when I look for bands that size I can’t find any bands. Does anyone have any suggestions or ideas?

I have a pretty good relationship with my mom. We butt heads sometimes but she’s usually pretty reasonable. I’m living with my parents right now because I have a chronic illness and I’m working on getting on my feet and then moving out. I have a mental illness. I’m super healthy and have a bunch of healthy habits. I’m not a toxic person like the stereotype, I just struggle and I make sure to help my parents out as much as I can while I’m here. Just two months ago I was hallucinating so I’m on new medication. It’s working really well and I’m doing good. I go to my bipolar support group, I have a therapist and psychiatrist, I take medication. I’m on my shit bc I have to be. I never take my issues out on my parents.
(I know there will be people who blame me or judge me for having a mental disability so if you are going to do that, please don’t)
My mom has been sober for 30 years. Before that she was a mess, she’s told me intense stories. She’s very much involved with AA. She’s pretty high up there, she does speaker meanings in front of hundreds of people, all her friends are sober, her brother is sober, and she still goes to meetings regularly. Honestly, I am so grateful and proud of her sobriety. I know AA has helped her. I am super proud of her. She helps people. I just think she might need actual therapy instead of just AA work.
The thing is, she thinks everyone is an alcoholic. She can be very harsh sometimes. Ever since I started drinking alcohol as an adult, she has judged me. I definitely don’t have a drinking or drug problem. I drink maybe 2-3 times a month, a couple of glasses of beer or wine that’s it. I don’t even drink liquor. I’m happy with just a couple beers. I haven’t been blacked out since I was a teenager and I can’t remember the last time I had a hangover.
The thing is (which isn’t my main issue there’s more to this story) she literally judges me so hard if I ever drink or she hears about me drinking. We can be at dinner with the family, I’ll order a glass of cab to go with my pasta, and she will give me dirty looks and make comments. I’ve been dealing with this for 10 years. The one time I was hungover a long time ago I was vomiting, and she gave me so much grief and was like “wow you drank so much you are sick” and won’t leave me alone. At family functions I’ll have a beer with my cousins and she just vibes me so hard. She treats me like I have a serious drinking problem when I clearly don’t. For 10 years she gets shitty with me if she sees me even have one beer.
Well two days ago I had a great beach day. The beach was empty, my dog and I walked for miles, we ran into an old friend. It was such a good day. I deal with depression a lot so I treasure my good days. I was so sad that my day got ruined because of her.
On the way home I got a tall coors light bc it sounded nice after my beach day. I came home, super happy, talking to my parents, making jokes. I made some food, cleaned up the kitchen, did dishes and went to go to my room. we were walking to our rooms at the same time. As I began to say goodnight to my mom, she turned around, stared at the beer and me and gave me a nasty look. The thing about my mom she often lies, if she says something fucked up and I point it out she will lie . She does these lies and it’s so obvious.
After she gave me that nasty look, I calmly said “I’m 30 years old, I’m allowed to have a beer, don’t judge me”. Then she lied and said I was looking at your glasses. Gaslighting me. I told her, no you weren’t. You gave me a look because I have a beer. She denied it and I said “liar”. She lost her shit. She started saying you’re calling me a liar!!!! And started yelling at me. I stood my ground and said you were lying and I don’t appreciate being treated like that, you gave me a look about my beer. Shehe even admitted it and said that yes I saw you had a tall beer (she said tall as if that means something) and she continued to lie and said I was looking at your glasses too. I retreated to my room bc I didn’t want to have a full blown argument. She followed me.
The thing about my mom, when she is super upset she comes super close to me aggressively, like what people do when they are about to fight.
She came into my room and was yelling at me, saying over and over you called me a liar. She got in my face aggressively. I told her many times to get out of my face. It’s like she was trying to get me to fight her. She kept getting closer and closer until I was up against the wall. I was being rational and saying it’s not okay to treat me like this and she kept mocking me. Over and over, while inches from my face when she had me cornered. She wouldn’t listen and move.
We have a power imbalance in our relationship bc while I recover and get stable, they help me with gas sometimes or things like ordering contacts, or I’ll use it to pick up things for her or stuff like paying when I took her cat to the vet. I pet sit and pay for my bills. She gave me a credit card to keep with me just in case. I barely ever use it, usually just for gas id she says it’s okay. I’ve expressed my gratitude many times that they are helping me, while also sharing how embarassed and ashamed I am to lean on my parents and live at home for now. This hasn’t been how it was forever, I lived alone for 9 years in Northern CA. I just needed time to get more stable and save money, and have a place to live while I go to my appointments.
So she was hysterical freaking out, mocking me and getting aggressive. She all of a sudden yelled give me thee credit card now!! I barely ever use it, I don’t give a fuck about the card, she brought it up to throw the money thing in my face even though she knows how humbling it is for me to rely on them.
I said I’m not giving it to you until you get out of my face. She then grabbed my phone and said fine will your not getting your phone tonight. I said I don’t care about the card and you don’t get to treat me like this. She then ran to her office to cancel the card online. I followed her to get my phone back and got my wallet. She was hysterical yelling at me at her computer, and mocking every single thing I said. She twisted my words around. She also then said “Wow what’s going on with you tonight?” Alluding that I was being mentally ill or unstable, which she knew I wasn’t she just threw the good ol “wow have you taken your meds” to do a low blow about my mental illness. That in itself is so hurtful bc they know how much I’ve struggled with this. I told her I’m not giving you the card until you give me my phone. She got up and cornered me again. She got so close to me aggressively and I just kept telling her to back up. She got me against a wall again. Then she hit me multiple times, and I softly but firmly put my knee up and pushed to get her off me. I threw the card at her desk. I was saying that the card has nothing to do with this, you just brought that up to make me feel bad, you are so toxic, I did nothing wrong. She continued mocking me. I left and went into the bathroom and she finally left. I cried a lot in the shower.
I just treated her to a great Mother’s Day. We had a great time. It made me so sad and so hurtful she treated me like this. It keeps replaying in my head and I can’t believe she got so physical with me and hit me. The mocking, gaslighting, lies. Alluding that I was having an episode… that one hurt a lot. She didn’t say it genuinely she said it as an insult. All over a coors light. Her behavior was so toxic. I am hurt. I can’t believe she hit me.
I want to forgive her but I can’t bring myself to. I really don’t want to talk to her at all. She apologized over text but never in person. I’ve been avoiding her. Tonight, I was in the living room and she turned off the lights , I said don’t turn off the lights I’m in here. She coldly said “I don’t care”.
I need to wait to move out til my meds are stabilized and I saved the money. I’m a good roommate, I help them a lot. I miss living alone.
How do I move on from this? Where do I go from here? What should I say to her?

1. Active Voting Participation: Make sure to participate in all voting events. Retail investors should use their voting rights to influence decisions regarding corporate governance, executive compensation, and other strategic matters. This can help steer the company in directions that align with their interests as long-term shareholders. 2. Collective Action: By organizing collectively, retail investors can form a more unified front, making their collective voice harder to ignore. This can be facilitated through online platforms, investor forums, or social media groups where shareholders can discuss and align their views on various issues before voting. 3. Engagement in Shareholder Meetings: Attend shareholder meetings to gain insights into the company’s performance and strategies and to express concerns or support for management decisions directly. These meetings are also a great opportunity to ask tough questions and request transparency from the company’s leadership. 4. Advocacy for Transparency and Accountability: Push for greater transparency and accountability in how the company is managed. This includes advocating for clear disclosures about financial status, business strategies, and risk management practices. 5. Promoting Long-term Strategies: Support and advocate for strategies that promote sustainable, long-term growth over short-term gains. This can include investments in innovation, expansion into new markets, or initiatives that enhance the company’s competitive advantage. 6. Monitoring and Responding to Corporate Proposals: Keep informed about any corporate proposals that could affect shareholder value, such as mergers, acquisitions, or changes to the corporate structure, and be prepared to vote on them with an informed perspective. 

Holders stand to gain substantially in several ways:

1. Direct Influence on Strategy and Governance: Investors with voting rights can directly influence corporate decisions that affect the company’s strategy and governance. By voting on key issues such as board composition, executive compensation, and strategic initiatives, shareholders can ensure that the company’s direction aligns with their interests, potentially increasing the company’s long-term value. 2. Enhancing Shareholder Value: By actively participating in governance, retail investors can help steer the company towards practices that enhance shareholder value. This might include advocating for cost-effective measures, exploring new market opportunities, or improving financial and operational efficiencies. 3. Risk Management: Investors involved in voting can push for better risk management practices, which can protect the company from volatile market conditions and unexpected financial downturns. This can stabilize the stock price and contribute to a more predictable and secure investment environment. 4. Accountability: With substantial voting rights, retail investors can hold management accountable for their actions. This can lead to more responsible management practices, transparency in operations, and better overall performance, discouraging actions that might adversely affect the company and its shareholders. 5. Long-term Planning: Investors can encourage the company to focus on long-term goals rather than short-term earnings. This could involve investing in research and development, pursuing sustainable practices, or retaining earnings to fund future growth instead of distributing high dividends. Long-term planning can result in sustainable growth, which could increase the company’s market value and, subsequently, the value of the shareholders’ investments. 6. Community Building: By rallying around common goals, shareholders can build a community focused on the company’s success. This can foster a more engaged and informed shareholder base, which can be crucial during critical corporate decisions requiring shareholder votes. 7. Financial Gains from Stability and Growth: As the company grows and stabilizes through the influence of committed and strategic retail shareholders, the value of their investments could increase. Moreover, a well-governed company is more likely to attract additional investors, potentially driving up the stock price. 

Overall, controlling the voting rights allows us retail investors to play an active role in shaping the company’s future, potentially leading to significant financial and strategic gains if managed wisely.

I have a pretty good relationship with my mom. We butt heads sometimes but she’s usually pretty reasonable. I’m living with my parents right now because I have a chronic illness and I’m working on getting on my feet and then moving out. I have a mental illness. I’m super healthy and have a bunch of healthy habits. I’m not a toxic person like the stereotype, I just struggle and I make sure to help my parents out as much as I can while I’m here. Just two months ago I was hallucinating so I’m on new medication. It’s working really well and I’m doing good.
(I know there will be people who blame me or judge me for having a mental disability so if you are going to do that, please don’t)
My mom has been sober for 30 years. Before that she was a mess, she’s told me intense stories. She’s very much involved with AA. She’s pretty high up there, she does speaker meanings in front of hundreds of people, all her friends are sober, her brother is sober, and she still goes to meetings regularly. Honestly, I am so grateful and proud of her sobriety. I know AA has helped her. I am super proud of her. She helps people. I just think she might need actual therapy instead of just AA work.
The thing is, she thinks everyone is an alcoholic. She can be very harsh sometimes. Ever since I started drinking alcohol as an adult, she has judged me. I definitely don’t have a drinking or drug problem. I drink maybe 2-3 times a month, a couple of glasses of beer or wine that’s it. I don’t even drink liquor. I’m happy with just a couple beers. I haven’t been blacked out since I was a teenager and I can’t remember the last time I had a hangover.
The thing is (which isn’t my main issue there’s more to this story) she literally judges me so hard if I ever drink or she hears about me drinking. We can be at dinner with the family, I’ll order a glass of cab to go with my pasta, and she will give me dirty looks and make comments. I’ve been dealing with this for 10 years. The one time I was hungover a long time ago I was vomiting, and she gave me so much grief and was like “wow you drank so much you are sick” and won’t leave me alone. At family functions I’ll have a beer with my cousins and she just vibes me so hard. She treats me like I have a serious drinking problem when I clearly don’t. For 10 years she gets shitty with me if she sees me even have one beer.
Well two days ago I had a great beach day. The beach was empty, my dog and I walked for miles, we ran into an old friend. It was such a good day. I deal with depression a lot so I treasure my good days. I was so sad that my day got ruined because of her.
On the way home I got a tall coors light bc it sounded nice after my beach day. I came home, super happy, talking to my parents, making jokes. I made some food, cleaned up the kitchen, did dishes and went to go to my room. we were walking to our rooms at the same time. As I began to say goodnight to my mom, she turned around, stared at the beer and me and gave me a nasty look. The thing about my mom she often lies, if she says something fucked up and I point it out she will lie . She does these lies and it’s so obvious.
After she gave me that nasty look, I calmly said “I’m 30 years old, I’m allowed to have a beer, don’t judge me”. Then she lied and said I was looking at your glasses. Gaslighting me. I told her, no you weren’t. You gave me a look because I have a beer. She denied it and I said “liar”. She lost her shit. She started saying you’re calling me a liar!!!! And started yelling at me. I stood my ground and said you were lying and I don’t appreciate being treated like that, you gave me a look about my beer. Shehe even admitted it and said that yes I saw you had a tall beer (she said tall as if that means something) and she continued to lie and said I was looking at your glasses too. I retreated to my room bc I didn’t want to have a full blown argument. She followed me.
The thing about my mom, when she is super upset she comes super close to me aggressively, like what people do when they are about to fight.
She came into my room and was yelling at me, saying over and over you called me a liar. She got in my face aggressively. I told her many times to get out of my face. It’s like she was trying to get me to fight her. She kept getting closer and closer until I was up against the wall. I was being rational and saying it’s not okay to treat me like this and she kept mocking me. Over and over, while inches from my face when she had me cornered. She wouldn’t listen and move.
We have a power imbalance in our relationship bc while I recover and get stable, they help me with gas sometimes or things like ordering contacts, or I’ll use it to pick up things for her or stuff like paying when I took her cat to the vet. I pet sit and pay for my bills. She gave me a credit card to keep with me just in case. I barely ever use it, usually just for gas id she says it’s okay. I’ve expressed my gratitude many times that they are helping me, while also sharing how embarassed and ashamed I am to lean on my parents and live at home for now. This hasn’t been how it was forever, I lived alone for 9 years in Northern CA. I just needed time to get more stable and save money, and have a place to live while I go to my appointments.
So she was hysterical freaking out, mocking me and getting aggressive. She all of a sudden yelled give me thee credit card now!! I barely ever use it, I don’t give a fuck about the card, she brought it up to throw the money thing in my face even though she knows how humbling it is for me to rely on them.
I said I’m not giving it to you until you get out of my face. She then grabbed my phone and said fine will your not getting your phone tonight. I said I don’t care about the card and you don’t get to treat me like this. She then ran to her office to cancel the card online. I followed her to get my phone back and got my wallet. She was hysterical yelling at me at her computer, and mocking every single thing I said. She twisted my words around. She also then said “Wow what’s going on with you tonight?” Alluding that I was being mentally ill or unstable, which she knew I wasn’t she just threw the good ol “wow have you taken your meds” to do a low blow about my mental illness. That in itself is so hurtful bc they know how much I’ve struggled with this. I told her I’m not giving you the card until you give me my phone. She got up and cornered me again. She got so close to me aggressively and I just kept telling her to back up. She got me against a wall again. Then she hit me multiple times, and I softly but firmly put my knee up and pushed to get her off me. I threw the card at her desk. I was saying that the card has nothing to do with this, you just brought that up to make me feel bad, you are so toxic, I did nothing wrong. She continued mocking me. I left and went into the bathroom and she finally left. I cried a lot in the shower.
I just treated her to a great Mother’s Day. We had a great time. It made me so sad and so hurtful she treated me like this. It keeps replaying in my head and I can’t believe she got so physical with me and hit me. The mocking, gaslighting, lies. Alluding that I was having an episode… that one hurt a lot. She didn’t say it genuinely she said it as an insult. All over a coors light. Her behavior was so toxic. I am hurt. I can’t believe she hit me.
I want to forgive her but I can’t bring myself to. I really don’t want to talk to her at all. She apologized over text but never in person. I’ve been avoiding her. Tonight, I was in the living room and she turned off the lights , I said don’t turn off the lights I’m in here. She coldly said “I don’t care”.
I need to wait to move out til my meds are stabilized and I saved the money. I’m a good roommate, I help them a lot. I miss living alone.
How do I move on from this? Where do I go from here? What should I say to her?

I want to clarify a couple things before I begin.

• I’m not seeking medical advise, my family doctor is aware of the situation and we are monitoring it.
• It is 100% not an STI or a Yeast Infection, I have been examined and tested and all was cleared

I really really would like to know if anyone else has or is going through this, I feel like the only one who is struggling with this issue and I just want someone out there to tell me this isnt some rare thing and theyve had it too. I cannot find anything on the topic online, and my doctor has said that it seems a bit odd and im a bit early in pregnancy to be dealing with this.
I am 18 weeks pregnant, I am measuring a bit big so far in my pregnancy. At 17 weeks I found that my vagina was quite swollen and I had small surface level skin tears inner and outer of the area. They seemed to follow my natural skin creases which I found odd. I went to the hospital (I live out in farmlands so this is my only option for after hour care) and my doctor met me there to have a look. She said it looked bruised, like the kind of bruise you get from a hickey or too much blood in the area, and she figures it is from pressure on the area. I have been treating it with cold compress, making sure I sit and stand a few times a day to keep things moving, some compression socks, and coconut oil to keep the area moist because it has been dry.
My doctor seemed a bit baffled and confused when she seen it and it made me feel nervous, its been a week and they heal rather quickly but sometimes a new one comes and I have to keep up with the healing routine.
Has anyone else dealt with this??? Is it possible to deal with pressure tears on my vagina at 17-18 weeks?? Online has been unhelpful, as always, and Im not sure where else to go but here to ask if anyone else has dealt with this issue
Thank you for reading my mini essay if you got this far!

1/ During the days of traditional advertising, marketing, and media, campaigns were developed using a linear approach: Plan, create, implement, and then measure. But because of the hyper-dynamic pace of the internet, the vivid lines that once separated the four phases in this approach have been blurred. Full post.
2/ Every marketing strategy should start with a funnel: a process by which prospective customers become aware of your business or organization and its offering (awareness), self-select to learn more about it (interest), continuously engage with your business or organization (interaction), convert to being a paying customer (conversion). Full article.
3/ An “origin story” gives your business or organization a soul and emotionally connects with its customers. It is also a good way to differentiate yourself from competitors. Thus, it is recommended to write your business or organization’s origin story as the narrative of your business or organization’s journey from where it started, to where it is today. Full article.
4/ Harvard Business School marketing professor Theodore Levitt said, “People don’t want to buy a quarter-inch drill. They want a quarter-inch hole!”. Innovation expert Clayton Christensen added, “People buy products and services to get a job done.” Historically, the primary cause of failed products and services is a misalignment with customer needs or wants. This is unsurprising, since 95 percent of teams do not agree on what a customer “need” or “want” even is. Full post.
5/ A business or organization’s category (or frame of reference) is the foundation of its brand. And its brand is the foundation of perceived value. The more perceived value your business or organization has, the more people are willing to pay for your product or service, and the less they are willing to consider your direct and indirect competitors. Full post.

1/ During the days of traditional advertising, marketing, and media, campaigns were developed using a linear approach: Plan, create, implement, and then measure. But because of the hyper-dynamic pace of the internet, the vivid lines that once separated the four phases in this approach have been blurred. Full post.
2/ Every marketing strategy should start with a funnel: a process by which prospective customers become aware of your business or organization and its offering (awareness), self-select to learn more about it (interest), continuously engage with your business or organization (interaction), convert to being a paying customer (conversion). Full article.
3/ An “origin story” gives your business or organization a soul and emotionally connects with its customers. It is also a good way to differentiate yourself from competitors. Thus, it is recommended to write your business or organization’s origin story as the narrative of your business or organization’s journey from where it started, to where it is today. Full article.
4/ Harvard Business School marketing professor Theodore Levitt said, “People don’t want to buy a quarter-inch drill. They want a quarter-inch hole!”. Innovation expert Clayton Christensen added, “People buy products and services to get a job done.” Historically, the primary cause of failed products and services is a misalignment with customer needs or wants. This is unsurprising, since 95 percent of teams do not agree on what a customer “need” or “want” even is. Full post.
5/ A business or organization’s category (or frame of reference) is the foundation of its brand. And its brand is the foundation of perceived value. The more perceived value your business or organization has, the more people are willing to pay for your product or service, and the less they are willing to consider your direct and indirect competitors. Full post.
6/ At the bottom of the pyramid, there are the most basic elements that we need, like food, shelter, and sleep. As we satisfy these needs, we move up the pyramid and we get into things like safety and connections with other people, as well as feelings of accomplishment. The “elements of value” works similarly. At the bottom of the pyramid, there are functional consumer needs/wants, emotional ones above it, then life-changing, and self-transcendence at the very top. Full post.
7/ In 2022, global luxury market grew +22% yoy on current currency or +15% yoy on constant currency basis, vs. the sector’s historical average growth at 7-10% yoy, according to the Bain-Altagamma report. Full article.

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This comes from a 340-year-old book that I’ve been reading. It may seem simple because the text says half-quarter which just sounds like an eighth, yeah I’d be inclined to assume that as well. Unfortunately I have gotten about 100 pages into it and it uses the word eighth for a measurement… much to my dismay. "150 Nonpareil (6pt) to make 1 foot gives 12.5 Nonpareil for an inch, and consequently 25 scabbords for an inch; so by proportion, 15 scabbords and 1/3 part of a scabbords, gives 5/8 part of an inch." so it might not and don’t even get me started on trying to figure out the foot Which I also kind of need to figure that out to figure this out so is greatly appreciated. The text comes from “Moxon’s Mechanick Exercises” which has a table for how many pieces of the of a certain point size fit in a “foot” problem is that the foot is 12.5 modern inches plus or minus 5/16” please I’m at wits end with this godforsaken measurement. it’s the same issue as trying to make something from an old recipe. We don’t know the size of the cups and you don’t know what kind of eggs they were using so when you try to re-create Napoleon’s cake, it doesn’t work. Got a love that standardization, THANK YOU NIST.

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I have a Mongoose Switchback and am concerned that the bottom bracket is too large in length to fit a BAFANG mid drive motor. I measured the bracket as 3 inches which seems just out of range for the average motor. Anyone have experience with this bike or issue?

I recently traveled with a cardboard bike box through Montreal Airport (YUL) with Air Canada. It was my first time doing so and I had a few doubts beforehand. So I thought I'd share my experience here in case it could help others looking for information, as I've seen people discussing this subject here.
Where to get the box?
Any bike shop: -possibly the cheapest but also the most unreliable and time consuming -might need to call multiple shops, sometimes inconveniently located
CL Cycle (35$) -two bike shops in the Plateau Mont-Royal neighborhood, both about 1km away from a metro station -apparently sell cardboard bike boxes for 35$, sometimes show as out of stock online
Gare d’autocars de Montréal (17.25$) -Montreal’s bus station, situated downtown at Berri-UQAM metro station (easily reached by bike from central neighborhoods or by metro which accepts bikes outside of weekdays peak hours) -the option I went for as it's both affordable and convenient -sells bike boxes for 17.25$ through Expedibus shipping service -just ask for a bike box at the main bus ticket counter, no need to reserve in advance, they should pretty much always have them in stock, they also provide tape -I couldn't measure the box but it was not super long, I removed the front wheel and handlebar of my rigid 29er MTB (with an admittedly long wheelbase) and it just barely fit, some people may need to remove both wheels -there is one hole on each side to use as handle, but they're fragile, using them to lift the bike caused as significant tear in the cardboard that I had to patch -there’s usually plenty of space inside the bus station to work on your bike and pack it -while there are often colorful characters hanging around the bus station, Montreal is a safe place, but still keep an eye on your valuables -from the bus station there are regular city buses going to the airport (STM 747 line) which accept bikes and cost 11$
Montreal Airport - Safe Bag (70$) -two kiosks at the airport, opening hours from early morning to evening -over the phone they told me they sold cardboard bike boxes for 70$ each (which seems outrageous), and that they always have some available (no surprise) -while the airport is easily reachable by bike, it's a much longer bike ride than to the Gare d’autocars for people staying or living closer to downtown, a long bike ride that you might want to avoid before a long flight if the weather is rainy or super hot
How to get to the airport?
747 bus from the Gare d’autocars to the airport (11$) -costs 11$ which you can buy in person at the bus station counter when you buy your bike box, can also be bought anywhere else that sells STM tickets including the apps Chrono and Transit, can buy it as L’Occasionnelle which works as 24h day pass for public transit on Montreal Island including the airport bus -can pay cash in the bus with coins only and the bus driver does not provide change -the bus line runs 24h/7, multiple times per hour during the day and at least every hour at night -leaves directly from gate 15 inside the Gare d’autocars, and then makes a few stops downtown before taking the highway to the airport -should take 50min to an hour to get the airport depending on traffic, construction, and, more importantly, confused passengers not knowing how to pay their ticket -the bus accepts boxed bikes as explicitly cited by their website, but the racks are too small, you'll have to keep your box upright along the folding seats of the area reserved for handicapped people :( -see STM website for more up-to-date info
How to fly with a bike with Air Canada
Fixed 50$ fee no matter the destination -you do NOT need to have a checked baggage included in your fare (for example, you can buy the cheapest economy fare type without any checked baggage, you will only have to pay 50$ for the bike, and not 50$ + whatever is the price for one checked baggage) -before buying your flight you can call this number to see if there is room available for your bike box on a specific flight: 18882472262 -after buying your ticket, call the same number to tell them to reserve a place for your bike, if by bad luck there's no room you can always get a refund within 24h of buying your ticket -do your online check-in, available the day before your flight, indicate that you will be traveling with one bike and pay the 50$ fee -once at the airport go to an Air Canada self check-in kiosk, click on the baggage options (I think it was called “modify baggage” even if you won't be modifying it), it should show you’re traveling with a bike, click to continue and it’ll print stickers for your bike box -go to the oversized luggage area, they’ll ask you to open the box for them to check it and then they'll give you tape to close it
Open to hearing your experiences.
*All prices in Canadian dollars
TLDR: Simplest reliable and affordable way to travel with a cardboard bike box to YUL is imo: -bike/metro to Gare d’autocars -buy 17.25$ bike box there -take 11$ 747 bus to YUL -pay airline specific bike fee (50$ with Air Canada, no extra fee)

My fiancé and I bought our first house last year — yay! It was built in 1951 and was sold to us with a “finished basement” and for a very short period of time after purchasing, it was. Then the water pooling started. It started slow, then soon after whenever it rained water would seep under the walls into puddles. It’s reached a point now where it would be unsafe to not get this issue under control.
We have spoken to a number of waterproofing companies and professional landscape companies, but both tell us their way is best and there is no comparable stories online that help us make this decision.
From what we’ve been told by these companies, it looks as though our house may not have been built with the basement originally. It potentially was built with a crawl space and turned into a garage then a basement. We took down some drywall and found about 3 feet of space on 2 sides with about 3-4 feet of dirt inside. We also found a basement wall with bowing and large cracks but more on that later. Most of all we found a ton of evidence of mold and water saturation along foot boards, studs, cement blocks etc. We are looking into legal options as we have had almost everyone who came to give an estimate tell us they think the previous owner was aware of the issue and was covering it up by “finishing” the basement with drywall and paint to hide cracked walls, mold, and water damage.
We just need help trying to decide what to do… My fiancé and I don’t really have any family to help so we had to clean out our whole 401k with a hardship withdrawal. We don’t want to pick the wrong thing and then be broke and still have this issue. Not to mention a few weeks ago on my fiancés birthday weekend, we had a septic issue that already costed us $8,000. (Worst birthday gift ever he said).
The exterior grading company is quoting us $12,000 to: - Remove bushes, concrete pad, concrete side walk. - Reshape, contour, raise elevation and slope away from home on 4 all sides, pipes to street s - Install 24 inch catch basin - Seed fertilizer and straw area rework. They claim it will fix the problem and we will be as good as new because water will no longer be getting into the basement.
On the interior side, we have had several quotes ranging anywhere from $16,000 - $25,000. - $18,000 for sump pump, full 4 wall interior drain channel, wall barrier and discharge line. This doesn’t fix the cracking foundation wall - $25,000 fix cracked wall and 360 all the above - $16,000 fix cracked wall and just add a sump pump with a small channel on just one wall. - $8,000 only fix crack wall, no waterproofing.
Here’s the kicker. That last 16k estimate came with a diagram the guy made to explain why the other guys exterior method won’t work and it would not fix our problem. Basically, the exterior grading can’t go deeper than the footer so the exterior grading will not stop intrusion below the basement slab or inner block wall and that it would help but not fix the issue. He said he’s not trying to make a sale but if I do go with the other guy to get in writing that “their system will completely solve my water intrusion issue and that exterior work will not compromise the already failing wall in the basement”.
At this point absolutely no idea what to do. We have to fix the cracked wall. We already have to spend another $5,000 fixing the water damage, mold, moisture and humidity issue but are lost on what to do about waterproofing.
What would you do? This set back has been a financial nightmare significantly pushing back plans for a wedding and children.
TLDR: Company A) Exterior grading/excavating/shaping around house perimeter, catch basin. “Keep water from getting inside instead of just guiding it out when it’s already inside” for 12k VS Company B) Interior sump pump, channel, discharge, wall fix, “Actually solve the problem by collecting water from all areas including under concrete slab and pump out for 16k. No idead what to do. 401k hardship withdrawal, tight budget. Super stressed. What would you do?

I have a reasonable sized drone I built, and I am trying to figure out a battery, but I am unable to find a spec sheet for my motors online. Any help would be appreciated. Parts list is below.
4 2200kv motors 450mm frame Speedybee f405v3 Raspberry Pi Zero 8 inch propellers
Total weight without battery is 650g.
I am currently considering a 6000mah 50c 4s battery, but the weight would put the drone at 1200g, so I feel as if there would be diminishing returns.
Thank you in advance.

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Hello, I have seen a number of LED collimation questions posted here already, so I will try and limit this to what hasn't already been discussed. I am trying to collimate the TSAL6100 led to a low divergence beam for a communication application. Divergence would probably need to be around 0.1 degrees. I know this would be a lot easier with a laser, but I would like to avoid going that route unless absolutely necessary. The beam can be fairly large, I have been targeting 2 inch diameter. I know this divergence will be difficult to achieve because of etendue and how large a source an LED is. I have been able to find some information online about those concepts, but I have had a hard time quantifying the limitations due to etendue. How would you determine what size of a source to model this LED as, and how would you calculate the minimum beam diameter that could have that divergence while conserving etendue? Can you recommend any resources or textbooks that would cover something like this?
Second question, since I am assuming it is not possible to collimate an LED directly into a beam with those properties, and since this LED produces a lot more power than I need, I was thinking it would be more realistic to focus it into a spot and spatially filter it with a pinhole, then collimate the light that passes through the pinhole. To design that system, I need to understand the same etendue calculations I asked about previously, as well as how I would calculate the final irradiance of the collimated beam. I guess if I could quantify the area of the focused spot, and the area of the pinhole opening, I could use that ratio to get the irradiance of the beam that passes through? Would it be accurate to assume the irradiance of that spot would be gaussian?
Lastly, as is probably obvious, I am not an optical engineer, I am an EE. I have been reading hecht's "Optics", Nakajima's "Optical design using excel", and experimenting with oslo edu. It doesn't look to me like oslo can do anything besides point sources, and neither of my books appear to discuss etendue. Zemax and TracePro seem to be better tools to simulate this kind of setup, but both are prohibitively expensive for a hobbyist like me. So if there are any good resources or simulation tools, or examples out there for these kinds of calculations I would appreciate it. Thanks for reading!

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