now senior so i thought id take a look back. most TFs or lab instructors missing bc i don't remember them and never attended most office hours.
Courtney Martin - FY101 freshman fall. utterly useless class (was an undeclared major so took it hoping to get some guidance, basically got nothing out of it.) very chill instructor though, no issues there, just waste of time.
Scott Possiel - WR120 freshman fall and WR152 freshman spring, grad student teacher. pretty chill and class was interesting (mediterranean religion [roman religions]), learned strong amount about writing. no complaints, hope he's on to great things.
Alexander Nikolaev - CL/208LX208 freshman fall. awesome class on zoom, funny and knowledgeable dude, learned so much about about indo-european linguistics, and sparked basically all my interest about linguistics. assignments were fun and refreshing. one of my favorite professors at BU despite only having had one class with him, unfortunately he disappeared (left?) after 2020 and I have no idea why, nor did any of my classmates. lucky to have had his last BU class in first semester of freshman year.
Christine Papadakis - CS112 freshman fall. her ratemyprofessor 1.9 score says enough, bad at explaining topics, strange class vibes, pretty unhelpful. seems like a nice person though. main reason i did not continue with compsci after 1 semester at BU, class wasn't too difficult (got B+ and could have done better if i tried harder) but it was so utterly boring it was the dread of every week and genuinely difficult to find any will to do work for it. lectures were insufferably boring, especially on replay when studying. avoid her at all costs.
Edward Loechler - first half of BI107 freshman fall, BI108 freshman spring? (i remember him and spilios teaching some class together or two part or something). chill old man vibes, class was solid and well taught. don't remember anything else except no issues. recommend.
Kathryn Spilios - second half of BI107 freshman fall. chill professor, class was solid and well taught. don't remember anything else except no issues. recommend.
Leah Kronenberg - CL102 freshman spring. awesome professor, very kind and good at teaching. recommend
thomas keyes - CH101 freshman spring. worst professor i had in all of BU hands down. so utterly useless and incompetent his syllabus was barely even divided into paragraphs, just a spam wall of text. lectures monotonous and uninteresting, bad at answering questions, mean to students, generally seemed like he was on the verge of suicide or homicide or both at any given moment. thankfully he retired so i do not have to say avoid him at all costs.
special shoutout to Alyssa Kranc - TF for CH101, grad student. actual angel sent from heaven to guide the class thru the horror that was CH101 with thomas keyes. great at explanations, patient, and brought good vibes. i actually really liked chemistry and it was only thru Alyssa's help and lab review meeting things that I learned anything in this class and got an A. Hope she is onto greater things and epic research.
jane x. luu - AS102 sophomore fall. chill professor, kinda made class easier as time went along when she realized nobody really gave a shit about the subject and was just there for hub or get chance to look thru telescope. actually discovered some really awesome things in her research (the kuiper belt). was visiting professor so dont think she'll be back.
brandon jones - CL101 sophomore fall. awesome professor, good lectures, chill guy. recommend.
john thornton - HI175 sophomore fall. boringest history lecturer ive ever had, quiet so had to sit in the front to even hear him (maybe cuz covid masks everything was quieter). chill guy, easy class, probably cooler to talk to at office hours than for survey history class. recommend.
cathal nolan - HI284 sophomore fall. Lowkey kinda pompous guy, but classes were always insightful and really felt like attending a speech notsomuch a lecture. history of war class was one of the few classes where i felt like i really gained wisdom and not just knowledge, but also fell short of my expectations at the same time if that makes sense. pretty easy if you like history / are good at writing. needs to learn how to use slides though lol, windows photo app on USB stick photos can only last so long. recommend.
Christopher McMullen - FY102 sophomore spring. genuinely do not remember a single thing about this class or professor. pretty sure we unironically did a meyers personality test thing, hilarious waste of time. or that was in FY101.
hannah culik - CL237 sophomore spring. very kind professor, learned a lot in the class. 0 official dealines so u can turn in everything late but i do not recommend leaving it all to the last minute. pretty political charged, but i think in an engaging way. she left BU but i would recommend if she were still here.
simon payaslian - HI176 sophomore spring. felt like high school class but i guess that's how history survey courses go. chill dude, kinda tough grader? dumb assignments. average lecturer. recommend.
bruce schulman - HI231 sophomore spring. very kind professor, i turned in my final research paper like a week late LMFAO and he still accepted it (with some completely justified points off for lateness of course). good lecturer. recommend.
Christopher Daly - HI231 sophomore spring. kind professor chill lecturer some course as schulman (double professors). retired, otherwise would recommend.
Alexis Peri - HI200 sophomore spring, HI272 junior fall - one of the best professors at BU hands down. kind but pushes you to truly learn. writing excelled under her and i felt i improved my overall skills as a student / scholar in every way. she grades easier as class goes on. genuinely proud to have achieved in A in both her courses, pushed myself to get there. maybe a bit too much class discussion for my tastes though, i don't really enjoy sharing out. recommend.
shoutout to Margot Rashba, TF for HI272. helpful explainer since I couldn't go to professor Peri's office hours due to time conflict. hope she is onto great things.
clifford Backman - HI101 junior fall. chill professor, class pretty boring but funny lecturer. completely ghosted my email sent in next semester discussing my idea for senior thesis lol, and wasn't at the office hours listed on website, idk what happened. apparently went on leave after some controversy regarding speech. so yeah lol. recommend.
Stephanie Nelson - CL161 junior fall. awesome professor, kind and fun class. recommend
Timothy Clark - CL162 junior spring, CL322 disorganized and seems like he didn't really care about the class tbh, but overall chill guy. really likes parthia and didn't really care about Rome at all. dumb assignments at times, but he did have no issue with me consistently missing a language class day to to schedule conflict without issue, which I appreciated. don't recommend.
eugenio menegon - HI363 senior fall. hard to explain but going to class just felt... uncomfortable every time? does lot of cold-calling. lecture was kinda boring, didn't learn very much, felt more like a high school survey class of china than a 300 level class on ancient China. covers way too long a time period in too little detail. dude seems pretty chill though don't recomment.
christopher ell - CL300 senior fall. very boring lecturer but he clearly does try to make it funny, which is appreciated. chill guy, some leniency on scheduling and assignments, very clear about all his instructions and overall taught well. very fair and no conflicts at all. enjoyed his class. recommend.
spiridon-iosif capotos - CL261 senior fall, grad student teacher. hilarious, deadpan dry humor. fun class, learned a lot of greek, hope he is onto great things. recommend
simon anderson - SY101 senior spring. chill guy, class not the most useful but was alright. not really that indepth, prob waste of time could've learned everything reading online guides. instructor was fine though, no issues.
hannah kloster - CL262 senior spring, grad student teacher. awesome and kind instructor, very fun class, learned a lot despite having no interest in Greek poetry. hope she is onto great things. recommend.
jilene chua - HI500 senior spring. very kind professor, chill class and great vibes, but too much discussion for my taste. new professor to BU, had her on her second or third semester teaching as professor ever (i think); class was kinda unorganized or ad hoc at times. will only get better as time goes on. recommend.
stephen scully - hi406 senior spring. no interest in the subject (iliad translations) when i joined class and minimal interest in the subject as I leave the class (and BU). chill professor, but grades harshly and requires a lot of writing. cold calls often. class was also quite unorganized for entire first half. in terms of material, honestly a lot of stuff in class felt quite arbitrary in understanding (as is probably the case with most literature classes, which i did not take outside of this). recommend if you really love classical literature / mythology / philology (or anything humanities), don't recommend for classical history (or anything social sciences).
Rui Hua - HI364 junior fall, HI370 junior spring, HI553 senior fall. the most energetic, fun, chill professor i've had at BU, every lecture was a blast and even if i went to class in a bad mood it was impossible to leave without a smile on my face. took us on field trips to relevant destinations when possible. I had the first 3 classes he's ever taught as a professor ever (I think), and it definitely showed bc they were somewhat unorganized or ad hoc. but i am sure his teaching will only get better as time progresses, learned a lot and had a great time in all his classes, he does cover some overlapping material in them so if u take them u might repeat some stuff. also super lenient on deadlines but i do not encourage delaying all of them to the last minute as I did like an idiot. easy classes overall, but if you like the subject he definitely is encouraging for those who want to learn more. recommend.
Loren J. Samons - CL321 junior fall, CL303 junior spring, CL202 senior spring. best professor i've ever had at BU, hilarious, funnest lectures of all time, learned so much, and brings so much old man sardonic energy to every class. CL303 fall of roman empire another class where I felt I genuinely attained wisdom and not just knowledge. assigned readings are some of the few I actually did. class might be difficult if not ur a good writer / not a social sciences person, but u'll definitely improve if you take the effort to do so, otherwise easy class got As in all of them. very straightforward. recommend.
feel free to ask individual questions about any of these professors / instructors in comments.

Hi all,
I use the Apple world clock complication, specifically the sunrise/sunset option. I don’t think it was since last software update but might have been but it won’t update/populate with indo (see photo below). If I choose a city time that will display just not the sunrise/sunset. It’s happened for periods of time before and I can’t remember what I did to fix it or if it just did it on its own. Photo so people know what I mean. Thanks!

Abstract
Memory note, on rules of dialogue engagement, about not wasting limited space-time existence with mentally backwards-walking🚶‍♀️➡️🧠 puerile hecklers from the audience.
Sheikh Mahmoud
Mental note
The following (12 May A69) is a mental 💭 wake-up note 📝 to self:

“If someone from the linguistics community, i.e. those lost in PIEland 🥧🏝️ beliefs or ShemLand pandering, e.g. as post-amassing monthly now in linguisticshumor (100K+ members), or Egyptology community, being confused by learned incorrect CartoPhonetics foundations, or whatever 20+ EAN-impacted communities, using the Sheikh Mahmoud technique, calls you ”schizo-typic” 💊, e.g. here, here (N[7]R, 2-4 May A69), this 18+ user (aka puerile) even deleting their entire reddit account, a few days later (a commonly seen anti-EAN phenomenon), after given a 7-day ban for fouling on red flag 🚩 DebateLinguistics (DL) discussion rules, a “schizo” babbler, e.g. here (V[8]V, 11 May A69), or “schizo-phrenic” here (J[13]R, 31 Mar A69) AND posts, repeatedly, that I am “crazy” 🤪 here, here (J[13]R, 24 Apr A69), etc., these being the two main anti-EAN derogation mud 💩 slinging terms employed, in growing weekly or monthly derogations; all because I have begun (11 Feb A67/2022), since the Pandemic, to work on EAN theory (Swift, A17), evidenced by the LeidenI350 stanzas, which proves that all ABGD-based languages — the English, Latin, Greek, Sanskrit based languages most importantly, as explaining this combined group solves the famous Jones common “source language” problem:

Jones on the common source hypothesis:

“Sanskrit (संस्कृत), Greek (Έλληνε), Latin, Gothic, Celtic, and possibly old Persian, must have sprung from some 🗣️ common source?”
— William Jones (169A/1786), Asiatick Society of Bengal, Third Anniversary Discourse, Presidential address, Feb 2

The 🆕 common source being Abydos, Egypt (5700A/-3745), e.g. here, here, etc., the center of the new EgyptoIndoEuropean (EIE language family).

— words, Etymo, phonetics, and AlphabetOrigin, and alphabet “order”, derive directly from the 28 symbol LunarScript; which formed in the 500-year Sesostris (ΣΕΣΟΣΤΡΙΣ) [1285] empire, e.g. here, here, etc., world language domination window, between 3300A and 2800A, wherein the Egyptians impressed their language system on people, similar to how the Romans, during the Roman empire era, impressed Latin on people; which, in short, was imprinted, similar to a language coding computer program, onto the minds 🧠 of people, in the form of the 28 number-letter Osiris-themed ”Egyptian alphabet”, the first 14-letters: A to N, arranged in so-called: hoe 𓁃, 𓌹, 𓍁 [A], sow 𓁅, 𓂺 𓏥 (𐤄, E), reap 🌱𓌳 [M], and 150-day flood 💦 [N], yearly agricultural cycle, aka ”farming order” (Horner, A67); wherein a four layered social structure was encoded: farming, priests, warriors, government, gods, defined by laws, was encoded; spoken about, in geometric and cosmology terms, by Plato, Plutarch, Young, Swift, Gadalla, and Rehab; all derived from so-called “reduced” Egyptian GodGeometry and EgyptoLinguistics; a new number-coded language, formulated by Egyptian mathematicians, engineers, e.g. here, and cosmologists:

Psychoyos on engineered language invention hypothesis:

“It is strange how everybody wonders 💭 if it was possible❓for humble workers, Semite prisoners of war in fact [Gardiner, 39A], to have invented 💡alphabetic 🔠 writing ✍️? But no one should discuss the possibility of the invention alphabetic writing to have been the work of ⚙️ engineers, even though the myths seem to point in this direction? Maybe alpha, beta, gamma, delta ... represent 1, 2, 3, 4 ... in some 🗣️ language?”
— Dimitris Psychoyos (A50/2005), “The Forgotten Art of Isopsephy“ (pg. #)

[continued]

originally described by the seven main Egyptian numerals, dating to the 5300A TombUJ number tags 🏷️, which attest letter-number H (8), as 𓐁 [Z15G], i.e. two palms 𓂪, and letter-number R (100), as the solar 🌞 ram head 𓍢 [Z1], and the 5700A Naqada I period black-rimed vase, which attest the proto letter-number I (10), as type: ∩, the Horus 𓅃 solar 🌞 falcon in the Hathor 𓁥 Milky Way 🌌 cow 🐮 yoke home 𓉡, aka letter omega Ω [800] presently; a 6K+ year old Egyptian cosmology star 🌟 story, recorded by 1,050+ HieroTypes; the oldest of which being letter-number H [8] or 𓐁 [Z15G], in the attested form: 𓏽 (𓂪) / 𓏽 (𓂪), found extant on the 20,000A Ishango math 🧮 bone 🦴, Congo, Africa; all of which predicates a steep 4-year or more learning curve, in order to understand what is going on:

New EAN member who has previously enjoyed read Fideler (A38):

“There’s a steep barrier to entry on this material in terms of time commitment and information processing ability.”
— O[19]0 (A69), “comment”, Hebrew Numerals, May 9

[continued]

Subsequently, as I only have so many days of space-time existence left on this planet 🌍, the 3rd rock 🪨 from the sun 🌞, who the Egyptians referred to by the hiero-name: 𓀭 𓃀 𓅬 [A40-D58-G38] (here), to use to finish the scheduled 6-volume EAN book 📚 set, so I can get back to the HumanChemThermo (HCT) derivation and final scheduled target 🎯 HCT publication; it thus behooves me 🚧 not to engage in dialogue with those who drop either the S-bomb 💣, the C-bomb 💣, or other DL red flag 🚩 terms, as these types of people already have their mind “made up”, being pre-disposed to backwards non-open-mined thinking 🤔, their brain 🧠 anchored ⚓️ in accepted “standard” status quo, but logically incongruent, ideology and dogma; and no amount of arguing or discussion will convince them otherwise, as has been evidenced in the 1.5-year open window🪟of free-going discussion, in the early period of Reddit EAN; or to reply to people whose refutation is “LOL, you are not a scientist, and do not know peer review!”, a comment made while I was making this mental note.
It is better, as Planck said, to let the old generation die off, so that the new generation will allowed sunlight so to grow to the new view.”
— Libb Thims (A69), “mental note”, wake-up state, 9:35 PM CST, May 12

Mental note Follow-up #1
The following is the “reduced“ version of the former:

“Do not 🚧 engage [DNE] with puerile minds.”
— Libb Thims (A69), ”mental note”, wake up state (sleep: 11-hours); thoughts on previous day wake up mental note, combined with V[4]S, in this post, who dropped the S-bomb 💣, to which I replied with pro-tip rule, at the Russian (language) sub, about the following letter L type switch from: Λ → Л, between my name in print as: Λибб Тимс, below my photo, versus this the Google translate name Либб Тимс (Libb Thims) or say Леонард Эйлер (Leonard Euler) also shown in the article, below his photo, spelled as Λеонард ЭйΛер in this A52 (2007) Russian article. It still boggles my mind how someone throw the S-bomb at someone for asking the simple question: “how: Λ → Л?”, 3:30PM CST May 13

Mental note Follow-up #2

”You are wasting my space-time.”
— Libb Thims (A69), truncated summary of previous, 2:23AM May 14

Pro tip!
A good rule of thumb to shut-down the conversation with the do-not-engage-with (DNEW) types of users, is just to paste the following, which links to this mental note page:
Reply.
In other words, it should not be that difficult to have a coherent ABC conversation about the origin of ABC, or the new theory of the Egyptian origin of language 🗣️ , without recourse to a trip down the sewer 🕳️ drain, the city trash 🚮 dump, or to the happy default land of ad-hominem-ville?

Sad to think I've been on and off lurking for 5+ years and am still in the same situation. That's on me.
So I splurged and got my wife a luxury necklace. I had a pendant made for her years ago of our LO's hand, but that chain broke, so I replaced it with this luxury necklace and attached the pendant to the chain. Bought a forever rose package arrangement to present the necklace box in (its one of those brands where you know the brand immediately when you see the package.)
I got last- minute tickets to check out the Circus in town, and had a reservation a few weeks back to one of our favorite restaurants.
My wife was already in a foul mood because an event we went to on Friday triggered her. She warned me in advance it would, but we went to show face. Yesterday, I didn't have anything planned because I was trying to finish off her gift (which I wasn't able to fully as I forgot to get some photos printed to put in some frames I got her to take to work. ) Our LO had a busy day so I was busy tending to that too.
Long story short, the gift was a total bust. She hated the necklace. She had pointed out to me how much she hated the particular necklace I ended up buying for her some time ago, but clearly I forgot. So yeah, when she realized, it was a total shit show.
I've never gotten her a Mother's Day gift she's liked, nor have I ever successfully planned any big celebrations for her. At this point, nearly 10 years married, I'm constantly paralyzed by fear of fucking up, and fucking up anyway.
I don't even know what I'm seeking, other than to get this off my chest, because I have no support network other than to Reddit anonymously.
We have been in bad shape for a long time (feel free to look at my post history) and no matter what, it's just getting worse. We live in one of the worst HCOL cities in the world. We make good money, but it's not "buy a house with a yard on your own" money where we are. We're stuck geographically due to school and family network. But her need is for security in a home, due to trauma she experienced as a child, and I'm not giving her that. And I can't meet her other needs as a woman to fill her heart and make her feel truly loved, either (as this is evidence of.)
So yeah, feeling a decade of despair and hopelessness. And now we have a LO who is growing up and witnessing this all who will no doubt be negatively affected by all this. Whatever we are paying in private school tuition now will for sure be spent on counseling when they are older.
Sorry, that was all. Thanks for taking the time to read, I suppose.
edit didn't think this would get as much attention as it did, and didn't expect people to look at my past posts (although I did bring that on myself)
As with all people, my SO's history is a complicated one that has left her with many emotional scars. Some by me, but many that precede me. I cannot ever blame her for those. Her coping mechanisms are limited, although she is remarkably resilient, but counseling is a non starter as trust is a very delicate subject for her, and to her counseling and divulging of personal matters is strictly verboten.
With regards to the necklace, my memory is admittedly terrible. Somehow, and not due to trying, it is especially bad with things she tells me. It's something I need to sort out, but haven't found effective strategies to address long term yet. It's one of my many flaws. I was at the jewelry store for hours agonizing over what to buy. That I landed on the one she hated was more likely because my brain flagged it, but I forgot the flag. It wasn't my first choice, even. But now I know it's not for her, and I need to do better with flagging these disliked items. For context, this exact situation happened 4 years ago with a birthday gift I bought her. It was a purse that time.
I also saw a comment about not spending money we don't have. It's not a matter of that. We make enough and put away for our eventual forever home. And enough to have discretionary spending like this. It's just that I'm this HCOL area you can't just save up for a home. That ship sailed decades ago. There are lots of nuances here too that would probably reveal too much by going indo.
Anyway, that you all for your feedback. For those slagging on my SO, do us all a favor (including yourself) and don't. She's complicated but I love her for that and everything else. We have been through a lot and we aren't out of the woods, but I need to find my next gear to show her and demonstrate to her that she's loved the way she wants (and deserves) to be loved. Her love language is one I am still learning. 10 years is a long time, though. And that's on me.

Pros: tons of variety. I went to Edison a couple months ago to see if India was worth it and tbh it wasn’t bad! Price wise and selection wise. If I was in a pinch, I would be happy buying from there. But if you’re looking for something different and have the time, India is a better overall price wise and it’s India - anything and everything goes. If you want something off the rack, then you can get it asap (assuming it fits perfectly). If you need it tailored, add another 1-3 days depending. If you want it even more customized, then add another week or so. If you want something you can’t find in stores or it’s too expensive, then you can get your own fabric and have a tailor make it for you however you like. Goes without saying but the quality and the heavier or more elaborate the design, the price will go up regardless of where it’s bought from. I was only in Mumbai but I’ve hears the price is even better in Surat or Ahmedabad (Gujarat is where lots of textiles come from so makes sense) and New Dehli is cheap too. Pricing is relative though so cheap for me maybe different for you. Bridal dress can range from $500 (market) to $10,000 (ie: sabyasachi). But i was looking for max $1,000 and I’m happy with my purchase quality and price wise as it’s pretty heavy (7kg) and detailed. Not the exact colors I was looking for (maroon and light green - instead it was maroon and forest green which I’m coming around on lol). Reception dresses can be again the same wide range so pricing overall depends on quality, location, brand and the amount of work that goes into it. Beading will usually cost you more as it requires hands to make it vs a pattern which a machine can make.
Cons: Be prepared to buffer in time to actually shop. Traffic is brutal. So I would highly suggest staying near where you plan on shopping. Rickshaws are good options on shopping days and they move faster than cars since they can squeeze in between cars and save time. Definitely get a rental car or OLA/Uber on pick up days since bridal clothes are just so big and heavy. Be prepared for the Indian shopping mentality. Every single store will have a customized or personalized shopping experience. Like you’re not going to see bunch of lenghas and just pick what you like. You may be able to if a store hangs their stuff but usually the Indian shopping experience includes a person or 2 to guide you into showing their collection. Be prepared to feel a bit fatigued if you’re looking for something specific and aren’t finding it. It may take the salesperson some time to find something similar (likely won’t be an exact match) and be very open to trying something that you may not have thought to try initially. Mumbai is a safe city overall but it can be a bit jarring to walk into a store and there are 10 men at least who are just standing there. That’s because each person will help in a different area (ie: bridal lenghas, punjabi suits, indo western). There will be a lady to help you in the dressing room to put blouses on. My mom came with me but usually stores have a lady to help and they’re very strict about no photos. Of course once you make a payment, highly recommend taking a pic so while the outfit gets tailored you can shop for matching jewelry.
Tips: - I suggest paying half the total amount for anything you need tailored because unfortunately if you pay in full, they will take their time to tailor your outfits. - Always lie about when you need outfits and lie about your departure date so they have a sense of urgency to get your outfits ready. - Wear clothes that are loose and easy to remove (ie leggings and a tank top) as you will be trying lots of clothes on. - Bring 2 people if you can with you to give their opinion or advice. Make sure your accompanying persons are on the same page with your dealbreakers or non-negotiables so that they don’t confuse the salesperson. - Always negotiate if it’s not a brand store. Even if stores say you can’t- it’s a lie lol if you really want something and a store won’t budge, then it’s your choice. I was able to get a dress half of their fake sticker price. The bigger brand stores won’t negotiate though (manish malhotra, pernia’s, roopkala). - Bring someone local if you can who knows the language and the song and dance in the art of conversation when shopping. You can of course be direct at any time if the shop just doesn’t have what you’re looking for but you also don’t want to be rude especially in a foreign country as a woman in a store full of men.
Sorry if I missed anything but feel free to AMA about my trip!

Quran

"They [jinn] made for him [Sulaiman] what he willed of elevated chambers, statues [icons of beings], bowls like reservoirs, and stationary kettles. [We said], 'Work, O family of David, in gratitude.' And few of My servants are grateful." (Quran 34:13)
Famous Tabi'i: That was allowed in their Shariah
Shariah changes, but shirk does not. Possession of statues isnt shirk because Sulaiman had statues.
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Ahadith

Narrated by Aishah:
"Allah's Messenger returned from a journey when I had placed a curtain of mine having pictures over (the door of) a chamber of mine. When Allah's Messenger saw it, he tore it and said, "The people who will receive the severest punishment on the Day of Resurrection will be those who try to make the like of Allah's creations." So we [Aishah] turned it [the curtain] into one or two cushions."
(Al-Bukhari 5954)
It was narrated that Aishah said:
The Messenger of Allah said: “The people who will be most severely punished on the Day of Resurrection will be those who imitate the creation of Allah.”
(Sahih Muslim 2107)
It was narrated from Abdullah ibn Umar that the Messenger of Allah said:
“Those who make images will be punished on the Day of Resurrection, and it will be said to them [image-makers]: 'Bring to life that which you have created.'"
(Al-Bukhari 7558 & Muslim 2108)
Said bin Abu Al-Hasan reported:
While I was with Ibn Abbas, a man came and said, "I earn my livelihood from making images." Ibn Abbas said: "I will only tell you what I heard from the Messenger of Allah. I heard him say: "Whoever makes an image will be punished by Allah until he puts life into it, and he will never be able to do that." After hearing this, the man became upset. Ibn Abbas then took pity on him and said, "If you insist on making pictures, I advise you to make pictures of trees and other non-living objects."
(Al-Bukhari 2225)
Abu Hurairah narrated that the Messenger of Allah said:
"Some of the Fire (in the shape of a long neck) will come out of the Fire on the Day of judgment. It will have two eyes which can see, two ears which can hear, and a tongue which can speak. It will say: 'I have been left in charge of three: Every obstinate oppressor, everyone who called upon a deity besides Allah, and the image makers." (Jami at-Tirmidhi 2574, Hasan (Darussalam))
Narrated by Jabir:
"The Messenger of Allah prohibited having images in the house, and he prohibited making them." (Jami at-Tirmidhi 1749, Sahih (Darussalam))
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Drawings

It was reported from Aishah Umm al-Mumineen that Umm Habeebah and Umm Salamah mentioned a church which they had seen in Ethiopia, in which there were images. They told the Prophet about it, and he said: "Those people, if there was a righteous man among them and he died, they would build a place of worship over his grave and put images in it. These will be the most evil of creation before Allah on the Day of Resurrection." (narrated by Al-Bukhari 427, Muslim 528)
Al-Haafiz Ibn Hajar said:
"This hadith indicates that making images is haram."
Al-Nawawi said:
"Our companions and other scholars said: making images of animate beings is extremely haram and is a major sin, because severe warnings have been issued against it in the hadith. Whether the image is made to be used in a disrespectful fashion or for other purposes, it is haram to make it in all cases, because it implies that one is trying to match the creation of Allah, whether the image is to appear on a garment, carpet, coin, vessel, wall or whatever. With regard to pictures of trees, camel saddles, and other pictures in which no animate beings appear, these are not haram. This is the ruling on making images."
It was reported that Abu Hurayrah entered a house in Madinah and saw somebody making images in it. He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah say: [Allah says:] "Who does greater wrong than one who goes and creates something like My creation? Let them create a seed or a small ant!" (al-Bukhari 7559, Muslim 2111)
Al-Nawawi said:
"Concerning the words of Allah. “Let them create a small ant or a seed or a grain of barley!” means, let them create a small ant which has a soul and moves by itself, like this small ant which was created by Allah. Or let them createa grain of wheat or barley, i.e., let them create a grain which is eaten as food or which can be planted so it will grow and which has the characteristics of a grain of wheat or barley or other seeds which were created by Allah. This is impossible, as stated above. None can bring forth living vegetation out of nothing except Allah, may He be glorified.
Abu Juhayfah: "the Prophet forbade the price of a dog and the price of blood, and he forbade tattooing and asking to be tattooed, and the consumption or paying of ribaa, and he cursed those who make images. " (Narrated by Al-Bukhari 2086)
Imam al-Tabari: "...those who make figures in order that they may be worshipped besides Allah, and this is unbelief (kufr). As for those who do not make them for this purpose, they will be guilty only of making a representation (suar)."
Abd-Allah ibn Masood said: when the Prophet entered Makkah [at the Conquest], there were three hundred and sixty idols around the Kabah. He started hitting them with his stick and saying, “Truth has come and Batil (falsehood) has vanished. Surely, Batil is ever bound to vanish”
(al-Bukhari 2478, Sahih Muslim 1781a)
Abu’l-Hiyaaj al-Asadi said: "Ali ibn Abi Talib said to me: Shall I not send you on the same basis as the Messenger of Allah sent me? Do not leave any statue without destroying it, and do not leave any built-up grave without razing it to the ground. (According to one report: and do not leave any picture without erasing it). " (Sahih Muslim 969a, 969b)
Ibn Taymiyah said:
"The command is to destroy two types of images: images which represent the deceased person, and images which are placed on top of graves – because Shirk may come about from both types."
Ibn Taymiyah said:
"The reason why al-Lat was worshipped was the veneration of the grave of a righteous man which was there."
And he said:
"This problem [veneration] which is why Islam forbids [images], is the reason why so many of nations have fallen into committing Shirk to a greater or lesser degree."
Ibn al-Qayyim said:
"Tamaatheel is the plural of Timthaal (statue), which refers to a representative image."
One of the stated principles of usul-u-Fiqh (Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence) is that if anything directly leads to haram, it is likewise haram. In other words, Tasweer [image-making] was forbidden precisely for the reason that it was a means leading to shirk.
Ibn al-Qayyim said, describing how the Shaytaan plays with the Christians:
"He plays with them with regard to the images which they have in their churches and which they worship. You cannot find any church which is free of these images of Maryam, the Messiah, George, Peter and others of their saints and martyrs. Most of them bow to these images and pray to them instead of to Allah. The Patriarch of Alexandria even wrote a letter to the ruler of Rome supporting the idea of bowing to these images: (he said) Allah commanded Moosa to make images of cherubim in the Tabernacle; and when Sulayman the son of Dawood built the Temple, he made images of cherubim and put them inside the Temple. Then he said in his letter: this is like when a king sends a letter to one of his governors and the governor takes the letter and kisses it then touches it to his forehead [a sign of respect], and stands up to receive it. He does not do this to venerate the paper and ink, but to venerate the king. In the same way, when one bows to an image, it is to venerate the person represented by the image, not to venerate the paints and colours.
This is exactly the same as the example given to justify idol worship."
And he said:
"In most cases, the reason why nations fall into Shirk is because of images and graves.”
Making images is a way of falling into Shirk, because Shirk starts with the veneration of those who are depicted in the images, especially when people have little or no knowledge. The evidence for this is:
Ibn Abbaas said: "The idols of the people of Nuh were known among the Arabs later on. Wadd belonged to (the tribe of) Kalb in Dawmat al-Jandal. Suwaa’ belonged to Hudhayl. Yaghooth belonged to Muraad, then to Bani Ghutayf in al-Jawf, near Sabaa’. Ya’ooq belonged to Hamadaan. Nasar belonged to Humayr of Aal Dhi’l-Kalaa’. These were names of righteous men from the people of Nuh. When they died, the Shaytaan inspired their people to set up idols in the places where they had used to sit, and to call those idols by their names. They did that but they did not worship them [idols], but after those people died and knowledge had been forgotten, then they started to worship them. " (al-Bukhari)
Prohibition of images is because:

• it implies that one is trying to match the creation of Allah.
• it is an imitation of the kuffar.
• it is a means of veneration and falling into Shirk.

From the above it is clear that it is forbidden to make statues/images. Whoever does that is trying to match the creation of Allah and thus deserves to be cursed.
The majority of Muslim scholars are of the opinion that this kind of images are haram
Reputable scholars + 4 madhabs: scenery, trees, stars, things without ruh/soul is OK
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Drawings of the body without the head

Ibn Abbas narrates that: The Prophet said: “The image is the head; if the head is cut off, there is no image.” (al-Ismaa’eeli in his Mu’jam; sahih by al-Albani in al-Silsilah al-Saheehah 1921 and in Saheeh al-Jaami’ 3864)
Ibn Qudamah said: "If the head of the image is cut off, then it is no longer makruh. Ibn Abbas said: The image is the head. So if the head** is cut off, it is no longer an image. This was also narrated from Ikrimah." Based on that, what is prohibited with regard to drawing is that on which facial features appear in such a way that the viewer knows that it is the image of an animate being.
Musnad Imam Ahmad -> "Image is concentrated in the face area"
But if the drawing is without showing the facial features – such as the eye or nose for example – and it only shows its general shape, then there is nothing wrong with it.
If the drawing/image is without features that show the eye, nose and mouth, then this is not included in the prohibition, because it is not imitating the creation of Allah.
Vast majority of scholars: If something is cut off from an image without which it could no longer live, then it is not a haram image -> Parts of body (hand, ...), sculpt of a hand, shade/silhouette of living being is OK to draw
Parts of body (drawing a hand) -> difference amongst ulama, disagreement is weak (as though its haram)
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3D (that which casts a shadow):

4 madhab + Vast majority of scholars: haram to carve/scalp a face of living being,
carving/scalping a hand is OK.
Covering face partly doesnt change the ruling.
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Children drawing

Controversy = 2D images of a face, body with chest
hanafi, shafi, hanbali: never an excuse to draw a face & Children cannot draw.
The position of the vast majority of classical scholars is based on the fact that there is no distinction in the various Hadiths between a 3D and 2D picture.
Maliki and Imam Malik: prohibition applies only to 3D images with body to them, not hand-drawn pictures. A picture that does not have a body or shadow to it will not be unlawful although somewhat disliked. Its just makrooh. Children can draw in school because its not venerating images. Many said: If there is a reason then its neutral/mubah.
Saudi Arabian Permanent Committee for Scholarly Research and Ifta: "What makes images forbidden is the fact that they are images of animate beings, whether they are sculptures, or drawings on walls or fabric or paper, or they are woven, and whether they are done with a quill, a pen, or a machine, and whether they represent something real or something imaginary, whether they are small or large, beautified or distorted, or drawn in the form of lines representing a skeleton. What makes them forbidden is that fact that they depict animate beings, even if they are imaginary like pictures of ancient people, Pharaohs, or leaders and soldiers of the Crusades, or like the pictures of Isa and Maryam that are kept in churches,..., because of the general meaning of the texts, and because that is competing with the creation of Allah, and because it is a means that leads to shirk."
The child’s guardian should raise him to keep away from making images/drawings of animate beings, and he should explain to him that this is haraam.
He should look for permissible alternatives that are available, such as drawing vegetables, fruits, trees and oceans, and any inanimate objects.
Children wearing images on clothes: This work is not permissible because it involves printing pictures of animate beings on shirts that children will wear, so the pictures will be openly displayed on the chest of the person wearing the clothes. Prohibition includes all images, whether they are carved, engraved, printed, drawn or taken with a camera, because all kinds of image-making are included in the general meaning of the hadith. There are no exceptions, apart from cases of necessity or need such as photos for personal identity documents, which are essential.
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Children playing with dolls

general ruling = One should not own 3D statues of living being
Shaykh Ibn Uthaymeen said : "With regard to the issue of dolls that are made of cloth for children, of which the image is not clear even though there are limbs, head and neck, but there are no eyes or nose, there is nothing wrong with that, because this is not imitating the creation of Allah." "“Everyone who makes something that imitates the creation of Allah is included in this Hadith, which says that the Prophet cursed the image makers… and his words “The people who will be most severely punished on the Day of Resurrection will be the image-makers.” But as I said, if the image is not clear and if it does not have eyes or a nose or mouth or fingers, then it is not a complete image, and is not imitating the creation of Allah, may He be Glorified and Exalted.” "
Narrated by Aishah:
" used to play with the dolls in the presence of the Prophet, and my girl friends also used to play with me. When Allah's Messenger used to enter (my dwelling place) they used to hide themselves, but the Prophet would call them to join and play with me. (The playing with the dolls and similar images is forbidden, but it was allowed for Aishah at that time, as she was a little girl, not yet reached the age of puberty.) " (al-Bukhari 6130)
Those toys which are made of wool are not considered to be images, because they do not have a head apart from a piece of wool, and it does not have the features of the face such as eyes, nose, mouth or ears. If an image does not have a head or any facial features, it is exempt from the ruling prohibiting images.
Even if we assume that it is an image, this does not mean that all images are permitted. Rather it is an exemption from the prohibition for a legitimate shariah purpose, which is to teach girls how to care for babies and to develop maternal feelings in their hearts, in order to prepare them for the future.
Most of the scholars have exempted the making of girls’ toys from the prohibition on making images and statues. This is the view of the Malikis, Shafis and Hanbalis. Al-Qadi Iyaad narrated that most of the scholars said that this is permissible, and he was followed in that by al-Nawawi in his commentary on Muslim. He said: “Exempted from the prohibition on making images that have a shadow are things that are used as toys for girls, because of the exemption that was narrated concerning that. This means that it is permissible, whether they are toys in the shape of people or animals, three-dimensional or otherwise, and whether they are supposed to represent real animals or not, such as a horse with wings…
The majority of scholars quote as evidence for this exemption the hadith of Aishah in which she says:
“I used to play with dolls in the house of the Prophet. I had friends who used to play with me. When the Messenger of Allah came in, they would hide themselves, then he would call them to join me and play with me.”
According to another report, she said that the Messenger came back from the battle of Tabook or Khaybar, and there was a curtain in her alcove. The wind blew and lifted the curtain, showing some dolls with which Aishah was playing. He said, “What is this, O Aishah?” She said, “My daughters.” Among them he saw a mare with wings made of leather.” He said, ‘And what is this that I see in the midst of them?” She said, “A mare.” He said, “What is this on it?” She said, “Wings.” He said, “A mare with wings?” She said, “Have you not heard that Sulaymaan had a horse with wings?” She said, the Messenger of Allah smiled so broadly that I could see his eyeteeth.
The Malikis, Shafis and Hanbalis interpreted this as an exemption for making toys because of the necessity of educating girls in how to bring up children. This interpretation is obvious if the toy is in the form of a human, but it is not obvious if it is in the form of a horse with wings. Hence al-Halimi used this report and others to support his argument. He said: “There are two benefits of that in the case of girls, one immediate and one which comes later. The immediate benefit is that they have fun, which is one of the most effective means of child development. If a child is well taken care of and feels happy and content, his development will be stronger and better. That is because joy energizes the mind, which in turn energizes the soul, and that has an effect on the body and produces physical strength. The benefit which is seen later on is that through that (play), the girls learn how to deal with children, love them and feel compassion for them, and that becomes second nature to them, so that when they grow up and see for themselves the things they used to play at, they will find that the compassion they used to play at is something very real indeed. Ibn Hajar quoted in al-Fath from someone who thought that making toys was haram, and that it had been permitted at first but was then abrogated by the general prohibition on making images. He responded by noting that the abrogation could have been the other way round and that the permission to make toys came later, on the grounds that in the hadith of Aishah about her toys, there is the indication that this happened at a later date, because it mentions that this happened when the Prophet came back from Tabook. So the apparent meaning is that it happened later on.
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Owning 2D painting

Large group of scholars within 4 madhabs + many seniors from hanbali:
owning picture ≠ creating it
Its permissable to own, if picture isnt placed on a place of veneration -> OK to have on a background, carpet, cushion, ...
Main proof:
Aishah Narrates:
"he Prophet entered upon me while there was a curtain having pictures (of animals) in the house. His face got red with anger, and then he got hold of the curtain and tore it into pieces. The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Such people as paint these pictures will receive the severest punishment on the Day of Resurrection ." So Aishah cut it [curtain with pictures] up and covered two pillows/cushion with it."
(Al-Bukhari 6109)
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger saying:
"Angels [of mercy] do not enter the house in which there are portraits/pictures"
Opinions of the salaf:
- placing it in the center of attention is haram
- placing it in the center of attention is makruh, not haram -> Worst-case scenario = angels do not enter a house. Its OK to have it in the background/floor.
Number of ulama + Imam Al-Nawawi: All images always haram
At that time Sahaba used byzantine gold dinars and sasanian dirhams. These coins had images of emperors on them.
Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan minted first islamic coin with his image on it when some of sahaba were still alive.
Many explicit narations from Sahaba & Tabi'un where they distinguish between creating and owning image - having an image is not problematic if you are not venerating it.
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Photos

unanimate

Photos + movies = ijma (consensus) that its halal because its just capturing & preserving light. Owning unanimate photo is OK

animate

Most scholars do not place them in the same category as those things prohibited during the Prophet’s time, they say its halal because it just captures light and is similar to a reflection of light (same as mirror and reflection on water).
Salafi + deobandi + ... -> photos/movies are haram -> Photos come under hadith that says angels do not enter a house
Modern maliki, modern shafi, fatwas of egypt, north africa -> OK to display photos.
Fatwas of jodan -> OK but best to avoid hanging -> at max its makruh
Even more conservative scholars: its OK to store on computer because its just emission of light waves. If you print it, then its an image that is haram.
It is clear that image-making is one of the blameworthy actions of the jaahiliyyah which Islam came to oppose. It is well established from clear, saheeh mutawaatir ahaadeeth that it is not allowed, and that the one who does this is cursed and is warned of torment in Hell, as in the hadith of Ibn Abbas which is attributed to the Prophet: "Every image-maker will be in Hell, and a soul will be given to every image which he made so that it might torment him in Hell." (Sahih Muslim).
This applies to all images of animate created beings, humans and others. There is no difference between three-dimensional and other images, whether they were taken with cameras or produced by painting, engraving or other methods, because of the general meaning of the hadith.
The scholars have clearly stated that the prohibition applies to photographs and other kinds of pictures, such as Imaam al-Nawawi, al-Haafiz ibn Hajar and others. The hadith of Aishah concerning the story of the curtain is clear, and what it indicates is that an image which is on a curtain is not 3D, rather it is a kind of drawing on cloth, but despite that the Messenger counted it as trying to match the creation of Allah.
But if the image is originally incomplete, such as a head-and-shoulders picture, and there is removed from the picture that without which is could not live, then it may be understood from the comments of many of the fuqaha that this is permissible, especially if there is a need for such partial pictures. Whatever the case, one has to fear Allaah as much as one can, and avoid that which Allah and His Messenger have forbidden.
Ibn Uthaymeen said, when he was asked about pictures: "making pictures for this purpose is haram and is not permitted. That is because making pictures for memories is haram, because the Prophet said, “The angels do not enter any house in which there is an image,” (narrated by al-Bukhaari), and whatever the angels do not enter had no goodness in it."
This includes all images, whether they are carved, engraved, printed, drawn or taken with a camera, because all kinds of image-making are included in the general meaning of the hadith. There are no exceptions, apart from cases of necessity or need such as photos for personal identity documents, which are essential.
Saudi Arabian Permanent Committee for Scholarly Research and Ifta: “Making images of animate beings is haram and earnings from doing this are haram.”
When Allah forbids a thing, He also forbids its price. Making images of animate beings is forbidden, as it was reported in the sahih evidence. Therefore earnings from doing this are unclean and it is not permissible to consume them. An exception is made in the case of images that are necessary, such as photos for ID documents and photos used to track down criminals and so on. It is permissible to make these images and receive payment for doing so. The one who is asking this question could work only with pictures of things that are not animate, or he can try to look for another job. Whoever gives up a thing for the sake of Allah, Allah will compensate him with something better.
These hadith indicate that pictures of animate beings are haram, whether they are humans or other creatures, whether they are 3D or 2D, whether they are printed, drawn, etched, engraved, carved, cast in moulds, etc. These hadith include all of these types of pictures.
The Muslim should submit to the teachings of Islam and not argue with them by saying, "But I am not worshipping them or prostrating to them!" If we think about just one aspect of the evil caused by the prevalence of photographs and pictures in our times, we will understand something of the wisdom behind this prohibition: that aspect is the great corruption caused by the provoking of physical desires and subsequent spread of immorality caused by these pictures.
But nowadays, unfortunately, one can even find in some Muslim homes statues of gods worshipped by the kuffaar (Buddha,...) which they keep on the basis that they are antiques or decorative pieces. These things are more strictly prohibited than others, just as pictures which are hung up are worse than pictures which are not hung up, for how easily they can lead to glorification, and cause grief or be a source of boasting! We cannot say that these pictures are kept for memory's sake, because true memories of a Muslim relative or friend reside in the heart, and we remember them by praying for mercy and forgiveness for them.
Taking pictures with a camera involves human actions such as focusing, pressing the shutter, developing, printing, and so on. We cannot call it anything other than "picture-making" or tasweer, which is the expression used by all Arabic-speakers to describe this action.
Among the scholars who have discussed the issue of photography is al-Albaani, who said: "Some of them differentiate between hand-drawn pictures and photographic images by claiming that the latter are not products of human effort, and that no more is involved than the mere capturing of the image. This is what they claim. The tremendous energy invested the one who invented this machine that can do in few seconds what otherwise could not be done in hours does not count as human effort, according to these people! Pointing the camera, focusing it, and taking the picture, preceded by installation of the film and followed by developing and whatever else that I may not know about none of this is the result of human effort, according to them!
Some of them explain how this photography is done, and summarize that no less than eleven different actions are involved in the making of a picture. In spite of all this, they say that this picture is not the result of human action! Can it be permissible to hang up a picture of a man, for example, if it is produced by photography, but not if it is drawn by hand?
Those who say that photography is permitted have "frozen" the meaning of the word "tasweer," restriciting it only to the meaning known at the time of the Prophet and not adding the meaning of photography, which is "tasweer" or "picture-making" in every sense - linguistic, legal, and in its harmful effects, and as is clear from the definition mentioned above. Years ago, I said to one of them, By the same token, you could allow idols which have not been carved but have been made by pressing a button on some machine that turns out idols by the dozen. What do you say to that?"
al-Albani: "I fear one day the salafis will say, photography is not imaging, you just press a button."
It is also worth quoting the opinion of some contemporary scholars who allow the taking of photographs but say that the pictures should not be kept: "The angels do not enter a house in which there is a dog or pictures."
According to another fatwa issued by the Standing Committee:
"It is not permissible to make pictures of animate beings using cameras or any other kind of image-making equipment, or to keep pictures of animate beings except in cases of necessity, such as pictures in identity documents or passports; it is permissible to take and keep such pictures because there is a need for that."
It is haram to take a picture of a man because making images of everything that has a soul is haram, indeed it is a major sin, because of the stern warning against that narrated in the texts of the Sunnah; and because it is imitating Allah in His creation of living things; and because it is a means that leads to temptation (fitnah) and that often leads to shirk. The one who takes the picture, the one who tells him to do it and those who help him to do it are all guilty of sin, because they are cooperating in sin, which Allah has forbidden when He said: “but do not help one another in sin and transgression” [Quran 5:2]
Alot of scholars: photography haram because they connect lingustic meaning of hadith-based word image-maker with lingustic naming of a person who takes a photo - image-maker.
Some scholars + Ibn Uthaymeen: photography OK
Both types: hanging photos of animate beings is haram, photos with inanimate objects is OK
Position of Imam Malik: there is no question with regard to the permissibility of taking photographs, for according to that position, painting pictures of human or animal life on a paper or fabric is allowed hence camera pictures would hold the same ruling.
The contemporary scholars have different opinions in this matter. However, it is safer for a Muslim not to engage in photography or to have pictures of living creatures, unless to make identity cards or the like.
Contemporary scholars have differed on this issue:
The position of the overwhelming majority of Indo-Pak and some Arab scholars is that photographs of human or animal life are not permissible for the very same reasons that paintings of these are not permissible. They state that the ruling on picture-making does not change by changing the tool with which the picture is produced. Whether an image is produced by painting it or using a camera, as long as it is an image of a human or animal, it will remain haram. This is more precautious and arguably stronger opinion.
The second position on the issue, held by most Arab Scholars (from all 4 Madhabs) and some from the Indian Subcontinent, is that there is a difference between photos and the prohibited picture-making (taswir). Shaykh Muhammad Bakhit al-Muti’i of Egypt, a 20th Century scholar known for his knowledge and piety, wrote a whole treatise titled al-Jawab al-Shafi fi Ibahat Surat al-Photography in support of this view of permissibility. His basic understanding is that the reason behind the prohibition of painting pictures (in the words of the Hadith) is challenging Allah in His Creating of living creatures. In camera photos, however, one does not produce an image through one’s own imagination; hence one is not challenging the Creating of Allah as such. It is merely a reflection of a living being already created by Allah Most High.

Live Broadcasting

Shaykh Mufti Taqi Usmani and many other scholars have declared that live broadcastings of images do not fall within the ambit of picture-making (taswir). A picture is something that is permanent and static, whilst the image broadcasted live is not permanent hence cannot be termed a picture. A live broadcast is in reality a reflection of the actual image, similar to seeing an image in a mirror.
Therefore, if an image of a human or animal is broadcasted live, then this does not fall into the unlawful picture-making. It will be permitted to broadcast something live or view a live programme, provided the content of the programme is halal.

Video Recording

According to Shaykh Taqi Usmani, that which is recorded in a videotape or DVD is also not considered a picture. In a videotape, the particles of an image are gathered and then re-opened in the same order to view the image. This is the reason why it is not possible to see the picture in the rail of the tape without playing it.
Therefore, if a permitted and Halal event, such as a lecture of a scholar, is played and viewed on a videotape or DVD, it will be permitted, Insha Allah.
Note that the above discussion does not in any way relate to watching Television. Watching TV and keeping it at home is another matter altogether, for which a separate answer is needed. The many harms and evils of keeping a TV at home are known to all. This answer only relates to the permissibility of viewing a Halal image through a live broadcast or a videotape/DVD.
Shaykh Taqi Usmani sums this up in one of his Fatawa:
“The images appearing on live programs or recorded programs on television are not the pictures in the strict sense envisaged in the A hadith of the Holy Prophet unless they are printed in a durable form on paper or on any other object. But the basic reason why Muslims are advised not to keep TV sets in their homes is that most of the programs broadcast on the TV channels contain impermissible elements.”
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Praying with an a image on a shirt:

Silhouette of living being = OK
Some say haram.
majority: makruh.
generally speaking prayer is valid, but should be avoided.
Prophet prayed, image closeby, after prayer he commanded image to be taken down because it distracte him from prayer -> makruh for images to be at praying place.
Ibn Tayimiyah said: "The correct view, which was narrated from Umar ibn al-Khattaab and others, and is mentioned in reports from Ahmad and others, is that if there are images in it (the church), he should not pray there, because the angels do not enter the room in which there are images, and because the Prophet did not enter the Kabah until the images that were in it had been erased. This is what Umar said: We would not enter their churches if there were images in them."
The later Hanafi and Shafi scholars – unlike the Hanbalis – were so strict that they even forbade praying in a place in which there are any images, even if they are behind the one who is praying or placed on the ground so that he cannot see them.
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Exception

Al-Nawawi said:
"With regard to sciences, some of them are a communal obligation, such as medicine."
Imam Shafi said:
"I do not know of any branch of knowledge, after knowledge of halal and haram, that is more noble than medicine."
In our religion it is permissible for women to treat men in cases of necessity.
Narrated by Ar-Rubayyi bint Mu'auwidh:
"We were in the company of the Prophet providing the wounded with water and treating them and bringing the killed to Medina (from the battle field)." (al-Bukhari 2882)
Ibn Hajar said, commenting on this hadith:
"This shows that it is permissible for a non-mahram woman to treat a non-mahram man in cases of necessity."
In a Fatwa issued by the scholars of the Standing Committee, there is evidence which indicates that it is permissible to make pictures in cases of necessity, such as pictures to prove the identity of a person and the like.
As for making pictures and drawing parts of the body separately, such as the head or the chest, many scholars are of the view that it is permissible.
All of the above indicates that it is permissible to use drawing and pictures in studying medicine, etc.
If producing images of criminals is necessary, because of the seriousness of their crimes and to protect the Muslims from their evil when they are known, or for other reasons, there is nothing wrong with that. “…He has explained to you in detail what is forbidden to you, except under compulsion of necessity …” [Quran 6:119]
Conservative scholars: Childens' toys + educational purposes + ID cards = OK
There is nothing wrong with taking pictures that serve a purpose. There is nothing wrong if pictures taken at the scene of the accident include people who are not involved. But if the pictures are taken by someone using his own camera, in order to keep the pictures for himself, then this is not allowed. It is haram not in and of itself, but because of the purpose, which is to keep the pictures for himself with no need to do so. The reason why you are taking the pictures, on the other hand, is for a legitimate and necessary purpose.

https://uk.news.yahoo.com/biden-takes-abortion-fight-florida-153425864.html?

Biden trolls Trump over Bible grift as he slams abortion bans that ‘rip away rights of women’

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Mr Biden also told rallygoers that Mr Trump “should be held accountable” for the end of Roe, describing that Supreme Court ruling as the outcome of a “deal” his predecessor had made with evangelical Christian voters. He warned that the court’s Dobbs ruling could be a harbinger of the end of other rights, including the right to contraception and same-sex marriage, if Mr Trump and his allies get their way.

The president’s appearance in the Sunshine State is just the latest in a series of political trips which campaign officials hope will lay out a stark contrast with Mr Trump as the likely GOP nominee stands trial for allegedly falsifying business records to cover up a scheme to influence the outcome of the 2016 election. They believe Mr Trump’s record on abortion will come back to haunt the ex-president as he runs to reclaim the White House.
✂✂
https://www.cnbc.com/2024/04/23/senate-advances-aid-for-israel-ukraine-taiwan-tiktok-bill.html

KEY POINTS
A package to provide aid to Ukraine, Israel and Taiwan passed a key test vote in the Senate, signaling it has the support it needs for final approval.
The legislation also includes a measure to force Chinese company ByteDance to sell TikTok or else face a national ban of the app in the U.S.
If the Senate passes the package in its final vote, the legislation heads to President Joe Biden’s desk to be signed into law.

✂✂

If the Senate officially passes the legislation in the final vote, it would then go to President Joe Biden, who already said he would sign it into law after the House passed the package as four separate bills on Saturday.
The funding includes roughly $60 billion for Ukraine aid, $26 billion for Israel and $8 billion for Taiwan and Indo-Pacific security.
Spending-wise, the legislation is similar to the $95 billion foreign aid bill passed by the Senate in February, which has been effectively shelved in the House in the weeks since.

https://www.npr.org/2024/04/23/1246682918/senate-appears-set-to-approving-95-billion-in-foreign-aid?utm_medium=mastodon&utm_source=dlvr.it

Senate appears set to approving $95 billion in foreign aid

https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/national-enquirer-ted-cruz-father-rafael-lee-harvey-oswald-rcna149027

The Texas senator told NBC News that he's "not interested in revisiting ancient history."
David Pecker, the former publisher of the National Enquirer, testified at Donald Trump's trial Tuesday that the tabloid completely manufactured a negative story in 2016 about the father of Sen. Ted Cruz, of Texas, who was then Trump's rival for the GOP presidential nomination.
The paper had published a photo allegedly showing Cruz's father, Rafael Cruz, with Lee Harvey Oswald handing out pro-Fidel Castro pamphlets in New Orleans in 1963, not long before Oswald assassinated President John F. Kennedy.
Trump repeatedly referred to the story on the campaign trail and in interviews.

https://www.npr.org/2024/04/23/1246645808/truth-social-shares-windfall-trump-media-technology-group

Former President Trump is set to get $1.2 billion richer — at least on paper.

https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/moderate-republicans-primary-challenges-politics-desk-rcna149036

Moderate Republicans prepare to fend off challenges from the right: From the Politics Desk
Plus, how high voter turnout could benefit Republicans this fall and the latest developments from the Trump trial.

Cheering broke out in the gallery and among Democrats on the floor of the House of Representatives this afternoon when the House passed the $60.8 billion aid bill for Ukraine. The vote was 311–112, with all Democrats and 101 Republicans voting in favor and 112 Republicans voting against. One Republican voted present.
The House also voted on the three other bills that will be packaged with the Ukraine bill as a single measure to go in front of the Senate. The House voted in favor of providing $8.1 billion in support for Taiwan and the Indo-Pacific by a vote of 385–34. It approved more than $26 billion for Israel, including $9.2 billion in humanitarian aid not specifically for Gaza but for populations in crisis, by a vote of 366–58. And it voted 360–58 to place additional sanctions on Iran, seize Russian assets, and require the Chinese owners of TikTok to sell the company within nine months if they want it to continue to be available on U.S. app stores.
The total price tag of the measures is about $95.3 billion. About $50 billion of it will be used here in the U.S. to replenish the supplies that will go abroad.
Senate majority leader Chuck Schumer (D-NY) says the Senate will take up the measure on Tuesday. Senators had gone home for recess but will come back to vote. The Department of Defense says it is ready to rush crucial supplies as soon as it gets the go-ahead. "We have a very robust logistics network that enables us to move material very quickly; as we've done in the past, we can move within days," Pentagon press secretary Air Force Major General Pat Ryder said Thursday.
Aid to Ukraine has been stalled since Biden first asked for it in October 2023. First, MAGA Republicans said they would never pass such a national security supplemental bill until the U.S. addressed the need for better security at the country’s southern border. Senators, including Republican James Lankford (R-OK) took them at their word and hammered out a strong border security measure, only to have Republicans reject it when Trump demanded they preserve border security as a campaign issue. The Senate then passed the national security supplemental bill without a border measure, but that was back in February. Although it was clear the measure would pass the House, Speaker Mike Johnson (R-LA) has steadfastly refused to take it up.
Meanwhile, countries around the globe have been stepping into the breach, providing funds and weapons for Ukraine as Ukraine’s war effort has faltered without U.S. war matériel.
Suddenly, the dam has broken.
The MAGA extremists who oppose aid to Ukraine expressed anger over the measure’s passage, but outside of that group, there was bipartisan relief and mutual congratulations. The chair of the Foreign Affairs Committee, Representative Michael McCaul (R-TX), who has been vocal in his belief that Republicans have fallen prey to Russian propaganda, compared today’s vote to the period before World War II, when British prime minister Neville Chamberlain tried to appease dictator Adolf Hitler in 1938 by agreeing to Germany’s annexation of the Sudetenland. To Chamberlain’s successor, Winston Churchill, fell the task of fighting World War II.
“Our adversaries are watching us here today, and history will judge us on our actions here today,” McCaul said. “So as we deliberate on this vote, you have to ask yourself: Am I Chamberlain or am I Churchill?”
House minority leader Hakeem Jeffries (D-NY) said: “For months, the national security priorities of the American people have been obstructed by pro-Putin extremists determined to let Russia win. A bipartisan coalition of Democrats and Republicans has risen up to work together and ensure that we are getting the national security legislation important to the American people over the finish line.”
Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin also released a statement welcoming the passage of the measure. “This bipartisan legislation will allow the Department to surge lifesaving security assistance to help Ukraine defend itself from Russia’s aggression, support Israel’s defense from Iran and its proxies, and increase the flow of urgently needed humanitarian aid to suffering Palestinians in Gaza.” It is also, he wrote, “an important investment in America's future.”
President Joe Biden said that “members of both parties in the House voted to advance our national security interests and send a clear message about the power of American leadership on the world stage. At this critical inflection point, they came together to answer history’s call, passing urgently-needed national security legislation that I have fought for months to secure.”
The reiteration of the bipartisan nature of the vote suggests support for the idea that the breaking dam refers not just to the national security supplemental bill but also to the power of MAGA Republicans more generally. Representative Tom Cole (R-OK) suggested this interpretation in an interview today with Ryan Lizza of Politico.
MAGAs are Trump loyalists, counting on his return to power, and Trump is visibly diminished. For the last week, he has been sitting in a courtroom with no choice but to do as he is told by the judge while potential jurors have expressed their dislike of him to his face. This is novel for him, and it is clearly taking a toll.
Trump’s financial troubles have not gone away, either. Yesterday, New York attorney general Letitia James asked a judge to void the $175 million appeals bond Trump posted to secure the $454 million judgment against him in the business fraud case. She says that the defendants have failed to show that there is enough collateral behind the bond to secure it. She has asked for a replacement bond within a week. Without a bond, James can begin to seize Trump’s property.
Since Republicans took control of the House, Republican leaders have had to turn to Democrats to find the votes to pass crucial legislation like the national security supplemental bill, preventing a U.S. default, and funding the government. Republicans interested in governing and eager to protect the institutions of democracy appear to be getting fed up with the attention-seeking and bomb-throwing MAGA faction that refuses to do the work of governing.
That frustration might have been on display when the House also voted on a fifth measure: a border bill the extremist Republicans demanded. Because it was considered under a suspension of the rules, it needed a two-thirds majority to pass. The measure failed with a vote of 215–211. Aaron Reichlin-Melnick, a lawyer with the American Immigration Council advocacy group, noted that the last time the House voted on a similar measure, it got 219 votes. This time it got fewer votes, even with an added $9.5 billion for Texas, Florida, and other states that are restricting immigrants’ rights.
In The Atlantic today, David Frum noted the changing U.S. political dynamic and, referring to the Ukraine vote, wrote: “On something that mattered intensely to [Trump]—that had become a badge of pro-Trump identity—Trump’s own party worked with Democrats in the House and Senate to hand him a stinging defeat. This example could become contagious.” In other words, he said: “Ukraine won. Trump lost.”
For his part, leading Russian politician Dmitry Medvedev had his own reaction to the House’s passage of the national security supplemental bill with aid for Ukraine. He vowed that Russia would win the war anyway and added: “[C]onsidering the russophobic decision that took place I can't help but wish the USA with all sincerity to dive into a new civil war themselves as quickly as possible. Which, I hope, will be very different from the war between North and South in the 19th century and will be waged using aircraft, tanks, artillery, MLRS, all types of missiles and other weapons. And which will finally lead to the inglorious collapse of the vile evil empire of the 21st century—the United States of America.”
—
Notes:
https://www.cnn.com/politics/live-news/house-vote-ukraine-israel-taiwan-aid-04-20-24/index.html
https://www.cnn.com/politics/live-news/house-vote-ukraine-israel-taiwan-aid-04-20-24/h_cd5550b845cd26ddea75a586fa69d475
https://clerk.house.gov/Votes/2024151
https://rollcall.com/2024/04/20/house-passes-95-3b-aid-package-for-ukraine-israel-taiwan/
https://www.axios.com/2024/04/07/russian-propaganda-republican-party-mike-turner
https://www.defense.gov/News/News-Stories/Article/Article/3749536/dod-stands-ready-to-rush-critically-needed-weapon-systems-to-ukraine/
https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2024/04/20/grow-up-a-veteran-republican-is-tired-of-his-partys-insurgents-00153454
https://www.cnbc.com/2024/04/19/new-york-ag-says-175-million-trump-fraud-bond-isnt-properly-backed-should-be-voided.html
https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2024/04/trump-republican-vote-ukraine-aid/678148/
https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2024/04/20/statement-from-president-joe-biden-on-house-passage-of-the-national-security-package/
Twitter (X):
P_Kallioniemi/status/1781744781648900278
JuliaDavisNews/status/1781745076156199032
jenmercieca/status/1781812061476909491/photo/1
Gerashchenko_en/status/1781770421513154651
SecDef/status/1781804904366928196
ReichlinMelnick/status/1781737066042114240
JakeSherman/status/1781345442015391814
jakesherman/status/1781741995649614156
jakesherman/status/1781743031286218896
​
​
https://heathercoxrichardson.substack.com/p/april-20-2024

There are jobs that require expertise. When you have appendicitis, you aren't going to ask your neighbor to perform your appendectomy on his kitchen table, are you? When your car needs a new transmission, you aren't going to ask the 8-yr-old kid down the block to do the work, are you? Let's say you've been injured in some industrial accident and need to go to court to get a settlement to pay for your injuries. Are you going to ask your sister-in-law to represent you?
What if they're willing to do whatever it is FOR FREE? Will you consider allowing a completely unqualified person to do something important that has far reaching consequences for your entire life if they'll do it for free?
Now consider politics. Politics is skilled work; it is something that requires knowledge, experience, and coordination across numerous individuals, departments, disciplines, etc. International diplomacy as well! I know that well-connected "friends" and big donors are sometimes rewarded with plum (easy) diplomatic assignments, but those ingénues are never sent into war zones or to deal with powerful aggressors or world powers - this kind of contact is typically of a particularly delicate sort that requires a kind of skilled intervention coordinated across various different official disciplines, including trade, international law, human rights, treaties, tariffs, natural resource allocation, water rights, arbitration, etc. This kind of diplomat may be called upon to intercede between other countries, not just represent their own, and they must at least have the perception of wielding the clout of the country that backs them. And most of all, this ambassador must be trusted to accurately communicate official policy from their own country; competently and effectively convey information from one group to another; must not confuse issues by extending unsanctioned offers or making irresponsible statements; and must be able to avoid offending other governments.
Like I said, it's skilled work.
So what was Dickeda doing out there loose-cannoning his way around various governments??
It wasn't because Icky was such an impressive fellow; it was ALL AND ONLY because the religion he was the figurehead of and, more importantly, his pet political party Komeito, were at that time (1960s-1970s) growing and gaining power; Ikeda had made frequent boasts about gaining most of the population of Japan as Soka Gakkai members and taking over the government. His boasting was gaining him international attention, as everyone can see in the news reports here, and not necessarily of the positive sort. The Komeito political party's then-growing strength was the ONLY thing that gained him an audience from other countries' political leadership. If Ikeda had not publicly, openly declared his intention of taking over the government of Japan, no one would've given him the time of day.
And who knows WHAT Die-Sucky Dick-eata was promising them? There were unsanctioned, unsupervised meetings!
Notice that Icky-Duh's first two stops on his "Meet World Leaders" adventure were Japan's historical enemies: Russia (then the Soviet Union) and China:

• Meeting with Soviet Premier Aleksei Kosygin (Moscow, September 1974)
• Meeting with Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai (Beijing, December 1974)

The picture that's available of the Soviet meeting doesn't look very friendly at ALL! That's not the look of people who are typically described as being in the process of "Fostering person-to-person ties" 😂 After that, Ikeda started his "Dictator-Meeting World Tour", but that's a story for a different time. What was so special about the Soviet Union and China that Ikeda made those his FIRST stops?
Fishy has hypothesized that Ickydumdum was setting up international alliances in advance, because he KNEW that if he managed to gain that political plurality, enough to change Japan's Constitution, install Nichiren Shoshu as the national religion, and replace the Emperor with himself, that would be a HUGELY unpopular coup, not just at home, but internationally! It's a shame we'll never get to see what sort of spaghetti-brained thinking the Corpse Mentor used to rationalize how all this could happen in ANY reality, because I'm sure that would have been SUPER entertaining!!! 🤣
Blanche also concluded that's why Icky went to the Soviet Union and China FIRST.
For context, Ikeda's grand achievement, the Sho-Hondo, had been completed two years before (1972), after a massive contribution campaign that left Ikeda in control of an unimaginably, obscenely vast financial windfall that he was able to keep hidden from the world thanks to characterizing his political movement as a "religion". No audits, no oversight. As you can see here, DickEata was drunk on his fantasies of world domination and making Taiseki-ji the center of world government, with the Sho-Hondo the focal point of the new world religion, Soka Gakkai! All he needed to do was to take the right steps one at a time - and the international part of his plan started with him securing audiences with the Soviet government and the Chinese government, the two world superpowers outside of the USA! Look at that picture again - isn't that the General Director of the Soka Gakkai colony in the USA, George M. Williams, to Ikeda's right?? Mr. Williams had been charged with the task of gaining enough SGI-USA (then called "NSA") members to take over the government by the popular vote, just as Ikeda was plotting for Japan. Of course he'd be in on the negotiations!
But then came 1979, where Ikeda was publicly censured (and humiliated) by the Nichiren Shoshu priesthood, basically for getting too uppity, too big for his britches, and making it too obvious that he intended to take over Nichiren Shoshu. Ol' Scamsei was forced not only to resign, but to make no public speeches or publish anything FOR TWO YEARS! And Icky-poo submitted and obeyed like the little bitch he was.
Ikeda's excommunication in 1991 was an even greater crisis - it meant game over. NONE of Ikeda's grand schemes and plots would ever happen, because he couldn't do it without Nichiren Shoshu! THAT is why Ikeda was so desperate to take over Nichiren Shoshu! Too bad for Icky, the courts said "No". And now ALL the buildings the Soka Gakkai donated to Taiseki-ji, including the Sho-Hondo, have been demolished and replaced, because Ikeda made that inevitable:

As you might have seen here, the Sho-Hondo was at the center of a Soka Gakkai-initiated turf war with then-High Priest Nittatsu Shonin; because the Soka Gakkai won rights to the Sho-Hondo (on Taisekiji land) on the basis of having PAID for it, that sealed the Sho-Hondo's fate AND the fate of all the Soka Gakkai-"donated" buildings. In Japan, apparently, a gift doesn't mean the gift actually leaves the giver's ownership and becomes the sole possession of the recipient, so by taking advantage of this weird cultural deviance to bully the Nichiren Shoshu priests, it was Ikeda who ultimately decided that ALL the Soka Gakkai-donated buildings would be demolished. They had to be; Ikeda's Soka Gakkai was so vindictive and retaliative (a reflection of Ikeda's own major malfunction) that they could be counted upon to take to the courts to try and claw back those buildings and thus claim possession of large portions of the head temple Taisekiji's real estate.
It was IKEDA's fault the Sho-Hondo had to be demolished. Source

So anyhow, just ONE of the problems with "citizen diplomacy" like Ikeda's is him meddling where he has no business, and just plain messing things up, re: the Vietnam War:
By 1966, then-US Ambassador to Japan Edwin O. Reischauer regarded Ikeda as potentially dangerous:

[Ikeda] strongly supported America's Vietnam policy and passionately advocated the re-militarization of Japan. In complete contrast to his earlier ambiguous stance, I sensed tendencies that were quite racist and authoritarian. It is of vital interest to see how the beliefs of this potentially influential organization will take shape. I intend to work to influence him, to move in a positive direction - opposition to nuclear weapons, for instance.

Obviously Dickeata was not quite there at that point. Funny how that contrasts with the hagiography Icky had has written for himself, isn't it? Also from 1966:

In The Christian Science Monitor newspaper between April and May of 1966, ... Ikeda's second-in-command and Secretary General (top guy) of the Komeito Party Hiroshi Hojo makes the "𝘄𝗲 𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗹𝗹𝘆 𝘂𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗿𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘄𝗵𝘆 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗨𝗻𝗶𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝗦𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗲𝘀 𝗺𝘂𝘀𝘁 𝗯𝗼𝗺𝗯 𝗡𝗼𝗿𝘁𝗵 𝗩𝗶𝗲𝘁𝗻𝗮𝗺" quote (it's in the 4th installment of the series). He's speaking for the Soka Gakkai leadership using "we". Source

Note that Hojo, Ikeda's right-hand man in Japan, couldn't scratch his balls without Ikeda's explicit permission. Here's the Ikeda rewriting of history:

“Nothing is more barbarous than war. Nothing more cruel.” When I heard of the escalation of the war in Vietnam, I was filled with a profound anger that this very tragedy was being repeated once more in Asia. Ikeda

SURE YA DID, FAT BOY!
By 1975, the CIA was already onto Ikeda the Conman; when Ickyderp sent a letter to the US Embassy asking them to pass it along to then-Secretary of State Henry Kissinger, Embassy staff were NOT having it.
And that time Ikeda was desperate to get onto the same official stage with Kissinger, again 1975:

President Ikeda pressed on, "For the sake of our world, please follow through with courage. I will be ready to fly to the Middle East anytime if necessary." 🤣 🤮

What a buffoon!!
Again in 1975:

SOKA GAKKAI, PRESIDENT DAISAKU IKEDA, MADE FOLLOWING REMARKS ABOUT CAMBODIA IN PRESS CONFERENCE AT UN AFTER MEETING MORNING JANUARY 10 WITH SYG [Secretary General] WALDHEIM. IKEDA SAID WALDHEIM IS GREATLY CONCERNED BY FUTURE TRENDS IN BOTH COUNTRIES SINCE CEASE-FIRES HAVE NOT HELD AND WARS CONTINUE. WALDHEIM WENT ON TO SAY, ACCORDING TO IKEDA, THAT HE HAS BEEN REQUESTED TO ALLEVIATE SITUATION IN CAMBODIA AND IS IN PROCESS OF TRYING TO FIND AN AMICABLE SOLUTION BY LON NOL AND SIHANOUK, BUT WARS WILL CONTINUE FOR TIMEBEING. IKEDA SAID WALDHEIM ADDED THAT THIS IS "INEVITABLE" AND THAT THERE ARE "GLOOMY PROSPECTS" ON TREND IN INDO-CHINA.
SYG SPOKESMAN POWELL SUBSEQUENTLY ANNOUNCED WALDHEIM'S CORRECTION OF IKEDA STATEMENT. SPOKESMAN SAID THAT STATEMENT ATTRIBUTED BY IKEDA TO WALDHEIM WAS ALMOST TOTALLY INACCURATE. ONLY ACCURATE PART, ACCORDING TO WALDHEIM SPOKESMAN, WAS THAT THERE ARE GLOOMY PROSPECTS AND THERE IS NO PROGRESS IN SIGHT YET. Wikileaks 1975

That's a HUGE risk when you have some unskilled, inexperienced, unqualified nobody trying to horn in on that spotlight (with all its photo-op and headline possibilities, Dickeda's REAL goal along with hopefully getting himself a Nobel Peace Prize) as a "citizen diplomat" and just messing everything all up for the REAL diplomats! It's simply adding to the REAL diplomats' workload without any upside!