JAPAN
12 April 1946 – surrender of Japan, brief premiership of Naruhiko Higashikuni (14 April to 9 June 1946), followed by Kijūrō Shidehara. Occupation mostly carried by US troops, but also Commonwealth zone (UK, Australia, Canada and New Zealand), led by Douglas MacArthur as the SCAP (Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers)
Situation is even way worse than in our reality thanks to all the destruction. First effort is gíve relief to the starving population. Even greater than in our reality are efforts to remove Hirohito (and it is impossible to imagine for the most of Allied leaders including Truman and Churchill to keep him on the throne after this brutal invasion), and despite opposition of MacArthur, Allies force the emperor to abdicate (and renounce divine status) in favour of regency headed by Takahito, (27 July 1946), when Akihito comes to age, he would become the Emperor. Hirohito’s abdication marks the beginning of Seika era, era of Emperor Akihito.
Hirohito is still given all possible protections against any trials for war crimes by MacArthur and is basically sent to comfortable retirement. Institution of monarchy is protected by Allies. Through 1946-1947 many westernisation reforms by MacArthur, based largely on FDR’s New Deal, as in our reality. April-May, political prisoners were released, and Communist Party of Japan was legalised and became politically active organising strikes. 10 February 1947 the first election with women suffrage, victory of Democratic Liberal Party headed by war criminal Hatoyama, who was eventually purged by Allied administration, so Shigeru Yoshida became new prime minister (22 March 1947).
By mid-1947 many officials connected to war crimes were purged, however since then, the course was reversed due to American need for the creation of a powerful Ally against the USSR and many regained power or at least avoided persecution. Through 1947 Americans wrote a new Japanese constitution (later in American myths it was MacArthur completely by himself), 3 August 1947 it was presented. Major shift from our reality is that Article 9, although considered, is not included in such sense as in our reality, it states only that “Aspiring sincerely to an international peace based on justice and order, the Japanese people forever renounce war as a sovereign right of the nation and the threat or use of force as means of settling international disputes” second part about demilitarisation is missing. Since summer 1947, US authorities adopt “Reverse Course” policies - aforementioned rehabilitation of officials, also protection of Zaibatsu (which Americans originally wanted to break-up and weaken), and reconstruction. Tokyo Trials 26 September 1946 to 12 January 1950 – MacArthur’s cover up of Japanese war crimes to a lesser extent, but it still does happen (including Unit 731). Taft also, like in Germany, attacks trials as “victor's justice”. From 25 December to 31 1950 Khabarovsk war crimes trials in the USSR about war criminals from Manchuria.
Persecution of growing Japanese communist movement starts. 1948-1951 “Red Purge”. Since March 1949 Dodge Line plan of right-wing economic reforms (cutting public spending, limiting public consumption, and reorienting industrial production in favour of export-oriented), also increase in unemployment and law against unions passed. In 1949 conflicts between communists and authorities escalated into many strikes, pro-communist politicians and officials began to be fired, after summer strike waves also purges of workers and academics. 1 July 1949 Japanese Self-Defence forces established – official remilitarisation. 23 October 1949 election, victory of DLP, electoral success of communists.
Peace Treaty with Japan
President Taft was eager to restore Japanese Independence – SCAP already transferred large amount of authority to Japanese trough 1949, secretary of the state William Richards Castle Jr took initiative. Despite Taft’s initial opposition to idea of continuous military presence, he is persuaded to keep limited number of stationed troops. Peace Treaty with Japan was scheduled after Treaty with Germany. Talks began in August 1950, however talks collapsed over China, despite at the time everyone recognised KMT, Soviets wanted PRC representatives to also attend. Other negotiations were called for January 1951, which resulted into calling for a Peace Conference with Japan in San Francisco analogous to the previous one with Germany. 6 March to 8 August 1951 San Francisco Conference, USSR and its allies boycotted them due to not including Chinese representatives. Despite Chinese and Soviets not being present, their interests were considered. Taiwan was ceded to China, Sakhalin, and Kuril Islands to USSR, unlike OTL Okinawa and more territories were already given back to Japan. Treaty was signed 8 August 1951, valid since 8 March 1952. Separate peace treaties were signed between Japan and ROC (30 January 1953), the Soviet Union and Korea “Vladivostok Treaties” 28 April 1952, these treaties recognised Soviet control over former Japanese territories and entitled Japan to pay reparations to Korea.
8 September 1951 U.S.-Japan Security Treaty was signed, which dictated Japan to accept continuous American military presence. This treaty caused a wave of resistance in Japan, uniting Japanese from right to left. Bloody May Day – over a million protestors in all of Japan, in Tokyo these protests escalated into violence and protests were massacred by police. 1 October 1952 election victory of Yoshida’s Liberal Party. 10 November 1952 coronation ceremony of Emperor Akihito, it marks symbolic beginning of new post-war Japan.
Philippines – 4 July 1947 United States gave official independence to Philippines and retained there many military bases (agreement from 1946 establishes bases for 99 years!) and the US still keeps a degree of political and economic dominance. 28 June 1946 Manuel Roxas became president of Philippines (still under US control then), communists were expelled from Congress despite being democratically elected – Hukbalahap Rebellion resumes (June 1946) and gained substantial strength, United States interferes and supports the government. On 15 April 1948 Roxas died of a heart attack; he was succeeded by vice-president Elpidio Quirino (re-elected in a fraudulent election 8 November 1949). Since the Taft Presidency, interests of Americans in Philippine affairs decreased, aid against Huks drained. President Quirino initiated major social reforms during his second term and attempted mostly useful land reform. 1950-1951 Huks successfully boosted their strength with seizing and keeping control over the centre of Laguna province – Santa Cruz. In 1952 Huks controlled sizable parts of the country and due to government corruption and brutality against rebels had also popular support. In 1951 they started to obtain massive support from China (from 1948 they were also backed by Korea).
Indonesia
Independence
As Japan surrendered, two days later on 14 April 1946 Indonesia (then with its majority under Japanese control) Indonesia declared independence, Sukarno became president and Hatta vice-president. Indonesians took advantage of the lack of established authority. Indonesia was occupied by Commonwealth forces (started in late May 1946). 27 June to 20 July 1946 a large battle between Indonesian and British forces – Battle of Surabaya, under significant losses results into a British victory. Churchill wanted to restore Dutch colonial rule and was ready to back them.
Important is Dutch reaction, Dutch government at the time was coalition between all parties formed after liberation by the Red Army in September 1945 (in wikibox there is 1946, another mistake overlook until I needed that), all parties with exception of CPN supported re-conquest of Indonesia, while communists wanted to grand them independence. CPN is vigorously opposed to continued colonisation and due to CPN securing second place in 1946 election and to lesser degree Soviet pressure on Dutch to recognise Indonesia, talks began in February 1947. Coincidentally with the December 1946 election there was a Malino Conference in which representatives of Dutch controlled territory backed the plan for creation of Dutch aligned federal states. 15 February 1947 Linggadjati Round Table Agreement is signed, in which Netherlands recognises Indonesian Republic controlled territory and both sides agree on formation of the Federal Republic of Indonesia (Republic, East Indonesia and Kalimantan) by 1 January 1948, FRI would newly formed Netherlands-Indonesian Union with the Dutch monarch as head. Similar agreement was reached in our reality but failed. In this timeline everything goes through, despite the fall of the Dutch coalition in summer 1947.
Federation
First Indonesian prime minister under Sutan Sjahrir (April to 3 December 1946), replaced by Amir Sjarifuddin, his cabinet included leftist forces, eventually even communists, who were instrumental in making agreement with the Netherlands (as part of the Dutch coalition were also communist negotiators). This cabinet stayed in power, avoiding real life events of the Madiun Affair. New government headed by Mohammad Hatta was formed after the creation of the federal republic. Creation of this republic was met with criticism from Islamists, who launched the Darul Islam rebellion led by Sekarmadji Maridjan Kartosoewirjo (7 August 1948). Overall, young Indonesia was a very unstable country. Anti-unitary forces attempted a failed coup in January 1950. Federation was not popular among Indonesians, so it was quickly dissolved and replaced with a unitary republic (14 April 1950). The Republic of South Maluku attempted to break away with Dutch support, however failed to do so.
Liberal Democratic Period (to 1952)
Newly declared Indonesian republic adopted its constitution and became a free parliamentary democracy. First government was a leftwing one again under Sjarifuddin, however eventually collapsed due to Indonesian National Party (12 October 1950, replaced by cabinet of Mohammad Natsir), but this government managed to pass electoral law, so first Indonesian legislative elections were held (29 September 1951), lot of parties ran and get seats – four largest were PNI (left wing nationalism), Masyumi (liberal Islamism), Nahdlatul Ulama (Islamism), PKI (communists) and PSI- Parsi (democratic socialism). Result was a right leaning coalition under Sidik Djojosukarto (PNI- Masyumi and several minor parties), in 1952 Indonesia officially left “Union” with Netherlands.
British Malaya
1 November 1946 British colonies were united into the “Malayan Union”, strengthening and centralising British control, stripping local sultans of their powers. This created another opposition movement under nationalist United Malays National Organisation, they applied massive resistance and did not participate in British institutions. Unlike OTL, during the Churchill years, there was no reform. In 1952 (1 February) it was transformed due to this massive and long resistance (and also due to large scale communist uprising) to Federation of Malaya, attempting to appease at least conservative nationalists.
Anti–British National Liberation War (early years)
Postwar economic turmoil, powerful communist organisation, brutal response of colonial authorities to strikers. Malaya was a key British source of resources, to pay for US debts (even way more rising in importance after Taft). 17 June 1948 Sungai Siput incident – revenge killing of plantation managers lead to massive British anti-communist arrests, and communists went into hiding. Also, the uprising in Burma (1947) also plays a role as another new motivation. February 1949 Malayan National Liberation Army under Chin Peng is formed (reformed from anti-Japanese resistance movement), MNLA has support of the population and is based in jungles and areas very hard to access for colonialists. Britain imposes very harsh repression against the population, leading to even more widespread support for MNLA. April 1950 “Briggs Plan” adopted forced deportations of ethnic Chinese to camps (up to half million people). The UK also uses Agent Orange (as the first country in the World), murders and tortures countless civilians, and destroys villages.
6 October 1951 British High Commissioner Henry Gurney survives MNLA ambush, this is actually damaging to the British as his replacement Gerald Templer was more competent in fighting with partisans. British forces are aided by other commonwealth nations. By 1953 the UK had problems dealing with communists and communists were stronger compared to our reality.
British Sarawak, North Borneo, Brunei
These territories were separated from Malaya in 1946. This was opposed by Malays but supported by the Chinese. Resistance by Malays culminated in assassination of Duncan Stewart. Small communist rebellion also started.
Thailand – After the war in June 1946 king Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII) returned back to Thailand, however, was found shot dead on 26 March 1947 his death was blamed on prime minister Pridi Banomyong, who was forced to resign being replaced by Luang Thamrong.
In 1946 Thailand had to return territories to France. The 20 October 1946 election resulted in the victory of the People's Party, the first government was formed by Khuang Aphaiwong, he was however replaced by Pridi Banomyong after a lost vote of confidence (6 January 1947). Pridi was supportive of Vietnamese Independence, so he ended up being overthrown in a US backed coup (8 November 1947), this coup brough Plaek Pibulsonggram back to power. Military allied with royalists and Khuang Aphaiwong was appointed prime minister. New constitution gave back powers to Monarchythat were decreased in the 1932 revolution. To counter the power of royalist military and Pridi allied supporters, another coup was carried out on 6 April 1948, fully returning Plaek to power; he eventually secured power and foced Pridi into exile. Plaek attempted to fully secure power and destroy opposition, but due to lack of US support since 1949, he was eventually ousted by Pridi and his supporters (11 February 1949). New Direk Jayanama-led left-wing democratic government, managed to secure limited support of USSR and larger one of China (but also Britain due to their previous alliance with Allies) and tried to adopt non alignment foreign political stance. Internal political reforms – reduced power of monarchy, new legislature (in June 1950 democratic election), thanks popular policy of land reform government gained widespread support from the rural population. 29 November 1951 anti-Pridi parts of the military attempted a coup against him as returned from exile Plaek Phibunsongkhram, but eventually failed and Plaek was banished. In 1952 the government turned against conservative royalists and attempted to even further weaken the monarchy.
Vietnam
March Revolution 16 March to 15 April, Abdication of Emperor Bảo Đại (already before surrender of Japan because of fears of French invasion) -> creation of Vietnamese Democratic Republic. In late April North Vietnam was occupied by Chinese forces to accept the surrender of the Japanese. In March also general Leclerc arrives. Fontainebleau Agreements in mid-1946 between Vietnam and France, Vietnam as part of the French Union. With the return of France (November 1946) fighting erupted, war erupted in March 1947. By October France took over main population centres.To increase French support, State of Vietnam was created under emperor Bao Dai (2 August 1949) In 1950 Vietnam recognised by the soviet bloc. Same year the UK recognised the State of Vietnam. In late 1950 Viet Minh launched a successful offensive. In January 1951 de Tassigny was appointed to command, under his leadership France had limited military success. Hower financing the war became a major problem around this time. In March 1951 Viet Minh won in the crucial battle of Vĩnh Yên (17 March) and Viet Minh got close to Hanoi, but the French eventually managed to hold the city after heavy losses.
Change came in 1952 from Paris, talks started in February and eventually ceasefire was declared (28 February). Paris Conference – France officially recognised Democratic Republic of Vietnam, State of Vietnam was not invited as France and DRV both agreed that it was French colony (this was heavily criticised). End of war was also connected with referendum about future of Vietnam, if people support State of Vietnam in union with France or DRV. Referendum was held 14 June 1952 and resulted into landslide victory for Vietminh. Emperor abdicates and State of Vietnam dissolves, but some members of its military continue to resist DRV.
Newly independent Vietnam became a key ally for all of the socialist bloc in Asia and supported anti-colonial movements. In 1952 land reform began – often turned violent with execution of landlords. In 1953 the first five-year plan was launched, focusing on developing the country.
Laos – After the defeat of Japanese anti-colonial Lao Issara emerged. Lao monarch king Sisavang Vong however agreed with restoration of the French protectorate, Lao Issara with aid from China and Viet Minh attempted to resist re-imposition of French rule, however movement was weak and failed to do so and eventually dissolved itself in 1949. In January 1947 an agreement was signed that pledged France to give Laos autonomy inside the French Union. 1950 – Pathet Lao is formed and joins Viet Minh against French forces. In 1952 French officially withdrew from the country.
Cambodia – In 1946 king Norodom Sihanouk attempted to negotiate independence with the French, December 1946 election was held that resulted in victory of the left-wing Democratic party over conservative Liberal party. 23 October 1947 Democratic party dominated assembly passed a constitution modelled on the French one. After the death of Democratic party founder Sisowath Yuthevong, the party divided itself and cannot agree on a concrete program. In 1948 Cambodia was given autonomy by the French. After independence in April 1952, Democratic Party was largely boosted by this success. This avoided the fall of parliamentary democracy.
Ceylon (Sri Lanka)– Sri Lankan leaders led by Don Stephen Senanayake attempted to reach independence through negotiations. However, negotiations with secretary of colonies Oliver Stanley led only to self-governance and the British initially rejected granting Ceylon status of dominion. On 24 September 1947 Senanayake became the first prime minister of the newly formed Ceylonese government. In 1948 granting Dominion status to India led to demonstrations in Ceylon, Senanayake increased his pressure towards Britain. Eventually Ceylon was given the same status as India and Pakistan 4 February 1949. The Senanayake family had a lot of power, after the death of Senanayake (26 March 1952) his son Dudley was chosen by the British governor.
OCEANIA AND AMERICAS (Basically restating history with occasional minor changes, brief)
Australia – 5 July 1945 death of prime minister John Curtin, he was succeeded by Frank Forde until Labour elected Ben Chifley as its new leader. 28 October 1946 Labour government was re-elected against the emerging Liberal Party. His government was characterised by successful Keynesian social democratic politics, similar to later Attlee in UK, (social welfare, universal healthcare – in real life modelled after British one, this timeline it is vice versa, ie. The Chifley government serves as an example for Attlee elected in 1951) starting Australian postwar economic growth. Australia also supports migration to increase its population (Europeans due to the still existing “White Australia” policy). Left-wing policies, such as nationalisations, created opposition from capitalists and their conservative affiliates in politics and media. Criticism also comes from the left due to the government's anti-communism and breaking of strikes. 10 December 1949 Liberal prime minister Robert Menzies was elected. Anti-communism, in 1950 Communist party was banned, it was ruled unconstitutional. 28 April 1951 a new election, triggered the failure of the banking bill, still a victory for Liberals, however they weakened themselves with this move. In 1951 Menzies declared a referendum about banning communist parties and this timeline people agreed, leading to persecution of many communists, it was criticised as a major attack on freedom of political expression. Red Scare was similar to the US at the time, but pushed by Menzies' government. Liberal economic policies, this time taking inspiration from Taft.
New Zealand – 27 November 1946 election, victory of ruling Labour Party, Labour declined and lost popularity due to continuous post-war rationing and Fraser’s support for compulsory military service. 30 November 1949 National Party led by Sidney Holland was elected. The Legislation was changed from bicameral to unicameral, economic reforms, however the National government still supported the welfare state. Conflict with Unions, culminating into the waterfront dispute of 1951, the government responded harshly against workers with strong anti-union legislation, even outright criminalising support for them. 11 July 1951 the government was re-elected and gained more seats as a large part of the public supported their stance against workers, due to widespread anti-communism.
Oceania – “Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands” established in 1948 was originally controlled by the USA as OTL, but eventually transferred to the United Kingdom in 1950, as the US was not interested in its administration.
Canada – economic boom, social welfare Keynesian economic policies. 20 May 1946 first postwar election, victory of Liberals, however failed to obtain majority and had to rely on leftwing Co-operative Commonwealth, resulting in Canada building the strongest welfare state from Commonwealth states and becoming the most progressive one (and also becoming a major destination for European immigrants). On 15 November 1948 King retired and was succeeded by Louis St. Laurent, a French Canadian strongly opposed to communism. Due to this anti-communist however the ruling coalition collapsed, triggering snap election on 27 June 1949, which resulted in victory of Liberals, who yet again could form government without making coalitions. Shortly before the election, 31 March 1949 Canada united with NewFoundland. Canada took an important role while the US was absent in TATO.
Mexico – 1 December 1946 Miguel Alemán Valdés became president. Pro-business policies and industrialisation, development of infrastructure (dubbed Mexican miracle), however also corruption and elitism. Pro-American foreign policy. 1 December 1952 he was succeeded by Adolfo Ruiz Cortines, he was popular due to his strong stance against corruption and rapid economic development.
Guatemala – In 1944 the country was ruled by dictator Jorge Ubico, who was overthrown by a junta that was overthrown in a popular revolution (20 October 1944), 15 March 1945 Juan José Arévalo became the country's first democratically elected president, who introduced many reforms. He developed the political ideology of Arevalismo "spiritual socialism" -it can be considered a form of democratic socialism. 12 November 1950 Jacobo Árbenz was elected president, he continued the policies of Arévalo and was even more ambitious with his democratic socialist reforms. Largest one was Land Reform (17 June 1952) which greatly benefited hundred of thousands poor Guatemalan people especially indigenous ones, however made very angry American United Fruit Company that controlled majority of land and basically country itself, UFC began to lobby for his overthrown...
British Honduras – Rise of voice for independence and People's United Party
Honduras – Rule of pro American dictator Tiburcio Carías Andino, unlike OTL he did not gave power to his puppets and continued to rule the country directly. Rise of discounted with his regime, even greater due any reforms instituted by his successor Juan Manuel Gálvez were not passed.
El Salvador – Authoritarian rule of Salvador Castaneda Castro (1945-1948), suppression of strikes and opposition, eventually he was deposed by military coup (14.12.1948), after rule of military, Óscar Osorio was appointed president (14.9.1950), he instituted some social reforms, but continued corrupt regime and persecution of opposition.
Nicaragua – Dictatorial rule of pro-American Somoza dynasty. 1947-1950 figurehead presidency of Leonardo Argüello Barreto (after Truman’s pressure for liberalisation).
Costa Rica – 12 March – 24 April 1948 civil war, after an attempt to annul victory of opposition candidate José Figueres Ferrer in election, it ultimately led to victory of rebels with US help. José Figueres Ferrer became provisional president. and pushed many important reforms: abolished the military, gave women suffrage, welfare, nationalisations of banks and also outlawed communist party. 1949-1953 presidency of Otilio Ulate Blanco that upheld these reforms.
Panama – pro-American parliamentary democracy dominated by oligarchy.
Colombia – 9 April 1948 popular democratic socialist presidential candidate of the Liberal Party Jorge Eliécer Gaitán was assassinated. This triggered the “La Violencia” (1948-1958) period of massive unrest between the left and the right, over 200 000 died, at the start of the Colombian conflict. On 9 November 1949 Liberal opposition attempted to impeach president Ospina Pérez, he dissolved Congress, creating a presidential dictatorship. Liberal leaders launched an uprising in rural areas (originally it was intended to be a military coup, that however in real life did not take place and here took place and failed). 7 August 1950 new Conservative dictatorial president Laureano Gómez Castro, admirer of Franco, suffered a major heart attack and power was transferred to Roberto Urdaneta Arbeláez in 1951.
Venezuela – 18 October 1945 military coup that brought democracy to Venezuela (October 1946 and December 1947 democratic elections) under president Rómulo Betancourt. The 1940s economy also boomed thanks to oil. However, on 24 November 1948, the military staged a coup and Marcos Pérez Jiménez became dictator, under his oppressive regime there was great economic development, and he was close to the US.
Ecuador – President José María Velasco Ibarra was ousted in military coup (23 August 1947), 1947-1948 unstable country was ruled by military Carlos Mancheno Cajas, eventually military gave power to former vice-president Mariano Suárez Veintimilla, who gave his powers to Congress that elected Carlos Julio Arosemena Tola (31 August 1947). His presidency was strongly allied with the United States. 1 September 1948 Galo Plaza, another strongly pro-American figure, became the next president. He supported technocratic approach, democracy and was very open to foreign (mostly American) influence, exporting bananas to America. 1 June 1952 José María Velasco Ibarra (former deposed president, established politician and Ecuadorian nationalist) won election and became president for third term, his term was stable and brought progress, mostly in great development of infrastructure.
Brazil – Fourth Brazilian Republic, president Eurico Gaspar Dutra (1946-1951). Close relations with the US, liberal economic policy. 31 January 1951 Vargas returned after victory in the 3 October 1950 election. Keynesian economic policy, 1953 creation of PETROBRAS. Rua Tonelero shooting an assassination attempt on leading opposition member Carlos Lacerda (5August 1954) blamed on Vargas by opposition in a strong campaign, 24 August 1954 he committed suicide.
Perú – 1945 leftwing president José Luis Bustamante y Rivero, restoration of democracy. 29 October 1948 military seized power in a coup after murder of a prominent right-wing editor. Manuel Odría's regime strongly persecuted leftwing APRA, supported powerful oligarchy and gained favour of people thanks to populist rhetoric and policies.
Bolivia – 1947 to 1949 rule of Enrique Hertzog, conservative American aligned government. Economy in a terrible state, social unrest and intensified class struggle. Dominant opposition group was Nationalist Revolutionary Movement (MRN) with a program of nationalisations and land reform. Next president Mamerto Urriolagoitía installed military rule (16 May 1951) under Hugo Ballivián. 9 April 1952 Bolivian National Revolution overthrew the junta. Víctor Paz Estenssoro became president. Many left-wing and democratic reforms transformed the country: universal suffrage, nationalisation of mining, large land reform (however created farms were eventually again taken over by large landowners), great influence of trade unions and workers.
Paraguay – Dictator Higinio Morínigo was pushed by the US to liberalise his regime, he legalised political parties and formed a coalition between Colorado and Febreristas. Later ones resigned from the government (11 January 1947) and united with opposition forces (Liberals and Communists) and attempted to topple his regime starting a civil war (7 March – 20 August 1947), despite opposition having popular support, and the government was saved by the US and Argentina. All parties with exception of Colorado were banned and the country became one party state. 16 August 1948 leader of Colorado Juan Natalicio González was elected president. He promoted nationalist policies; several American companies were nationalised. Due to American non-interventionism, three attempted coups against the president failed due to lack of any outside support. In other ways Paraguay was a stable country during his presidency.
Uruguay – functioning democracy, dominance of liberal Colorado party. Presidents: Juan José de Amézaga (1943-1947) – social reforms, economic stability and growth. Tomás Berreta (1947) died in office, Luis Batlle Berres (1947-1951) continued social and leftwing economic reforms.
Chile – Democratic presidential republic. September 1946 presidential election, Gabriel González Videla (Radical) elected. During his presidency many communist strikes, under US pressure Videla passed “Permanent Defense of Democracy Law” (8.9.1948) that banned the communist party, many imprisoned, strikes brutally suppressed, relations with socialist bloc broken. Radicals created alliance with Liberals and Conservatives. 4 September 1952 resulted in the victory of former president nationalist general Carlos Ibáñez del Campo. He repealed the ban on communists and also gained support from the left.
Argentina – Peron and Peronism. Nationalism, populism, social welfare, improvement of working conditions, development of local industry, growing power of the trade unions, authoritarian rule and persecution of opposition etc. Non-aligned foreign policy stance. 26 July 1952 death of Eva Peron.
Cuba – Presidents Ramón Grau (44-48) and Carlos Prío Socarrás (48-52) of left-wing nationalist Partido Auténtico. 10.3.1952 democracy overthrown by Batista’s coup. Pro-American authoritarian regime, serving interests of American elites owning majority of the county.
Haiti – 1946 revolution (11.1) – military seized power and new National Assembly was elected, Dumarsais Estimé became president (16 August 1946 to 10 May 1950), attempts of reforms, focused on expanding education, expansion of worker’s rights, creation of social security system (no passed), major nationalisations. His presidency was marked by growth and economic development. In foreign policy he was allied towards the US. After he tried to extend his time in office, he was removed by the military. General Paul Magloire became new president, he was elected president in 1950 first direct election.
Dominican Republic – Totalitarian far-right dictatorship of Rafael Trujillo. Ally of the US.
INDEPENDENT STATES IN AFRICA
Ethiopia – Emperor Haile Selassie. 15 September 1952 Federation Between Ethiopia and Eritrea formed.
Liberia – US aligned. President William Tubman (1944-1971), stable period.
South Africa – 26 May 1948 Reunited National Party won election. Daniël François Malan became prime minister, 1948-1953 apartheid instituted.
Colonial Africa would be addressed in the next part (since there aren’t too much events 1946-1952, 1953 to 1956 is extremely eventful on the other hand) North Africa covered in another post

I've been wanting this for so long. Im thrilled to have them in my possession.
Shout-out San Marcos

Postgame Thread 5/18/2024

Final Score: Rockies 5, Giants 10
Purpose of this thread

• Discuss developing baseball action LIVE
  
• Discuss the Giants game
  
• Post hilarious memes / images / gifs / information that may not deserve a front-page post of its own. If it's big news, feel free to do both! This, and the gameday thread, are good places to post your Dodger jokes and memes.
  
• Discuss ANYTHING as long as it follows the rules of conduct.
  

Highlights

Description	Length
Kyle Harrison against the Rockies	0:07
Bullpen availability for San Francisco, May 17 vs Rockies	0:07
Bullpen availability for Colorado, May 17 vs Giants	0:07
Bench availability for Colorado, May 17 vs Giants	0:07
Fielding alignment for Colorado, May 17 vs Giants	0:11
Starting lineups for Rockies at Giants - May 17, 2024	0:09
Bench availability for San Francisco, May 17 vs Rockies	0:07
Fielding alignment for San Francisco, May 17 vs Rockies	0:11
Breaking down Jordan Beck's home run	0:13
Analyzing Jordan Beck's home run through bat tracking	0:11
Breaking down Ryan Feltner's pitches	0:04
Thairo Estrada: Home Run Statcast Analysis	0:12
A deep dive into Thairo Estrada's home run	0:11
Ryan McMahon drills a two-run double off the wall	0:28
Brendan Rodgers laces an RBI double to left field	0:17
Matt Chapman's 200th career double plates a run	0:28
Jordan Beck belts a solo home run to center field	0:23
Brendan Rodgers makes a sensational diving stop	0:23
Mason Black gets Brenton Doyle looking	0:07
Luis Matos rips an RBI double to left field	0:15
Masanori Murakami throws out ceremonial first pitch	0:29
LaMonte Wade Jr. tags out Ryan McMahon after review	0:24
Thairo Estrada smacks a three-run home run to left	0:25
Luis Matos drives in a run with an infield single	0:18
Ezequiel Tovar laces an RBI double to left field	0:20
Luis Matos plates a run with an RBI groundout	0:20
Marco Luciano records his first career RBI	0:26
Luis Matos lines a two-run double to left field	0:21
Randy Rodríguez closes out the win	0:11

Nominate your Player of the Game (POTG). Upvote your choice if it's posted, or add your own!
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Postgame Thread 5/18/2024

Final Score: Rockies 5, Giants 10

Line Score - Game Over

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	R	H	E	LOB
COL	3	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	5	11	0	11
SF	1	0	0	1	4	0	2	2		10	14	0	10

Box Score

SF		AB	R	H	RBI	BB	SO	BA
DH	Soler	4	1	1	0	1	0	.203
1B	Wade Jr.	4	1	1	0	1	1	.311
2B	Estrada	5	3	3	3	0	0	.250
3B	Chapman, M	4	3	3	1	0	1	.218
RF	Yastrzemski	4	2	2	0	1	0	.234
LF	Ramos	3	0	0	0	2	1	.281
CF	Matos	5	0	3	5	0	0	.333
C	Sabol	4	0	0	0	1	0	.313
SS	Luciano	4	0	1	1	0	2	.200

SF	IP	H	R	ER	BB	SO	P-S	ERA
Black	3.0	6	4	4	0	2	50-34	7.71
Hjelle	2.0	3	0	0	0	1	30-22	2.81
Jackson	0.2	1	1	1	1	1	25-15	4.50
Miller, E	0.1	0	0	0	1	0	12-6	4.71
Walker, R	1.0	0	0	0	0	1	12-9	2.35
Rogers, Ty	1.0	0	0	0	0	1	11-9	2.61
Rodríguez, R	1.0	1	0	0	1	1	30-18	3.12

COL		AB	R	H	RBI	BB	SO	BA
DH	Blackmon	3	2	1	0	1	0	.239
SS	Tovar	5	1	2	1	0	0	.278
3B	McMahon	4	1	2	2	1	0	.309
2B	Rodgers	5	0	2	1	0	1	.262
CF	Doyle, B	4	0	0	0	1	3	.274
RF	Cave	5	0	2	0	0	0	.259
C	Stallings	4	0	0	0	0	1	.296
1B	Montero, E	4	0	1	0	0	1	.227
LF	Beck	4	1	1	1	0	1	.236

COL	IP	H	R	ER	BB	SO	P-S	ERA
Feltner	4.0	7	5	5	2	2	85-45	5.69
Vodnik	1.0	3	1	1	0	2	23-17	2.84
Bird	2.0	1	2	2	3	0	31-18	6.10
Molina	1.0	3	2	2	1	1	28-18	7.56

Scoring Plays

Inning	Event	Score
T1	Ryan McMahon doubles (10) on a sharp fly ball to right fielder Mike Yastrzemski. Charlie Blackmon scores. Ezequiel Tovar scores.	0-2
T1	Brendan Rodgers doubles (7) on a ground ball to left fielder Heliot Ramos. Ryan McMahon scores.	0-3
B1	Matt Chapman doubles (9) on a sharp line drive to left fielder Jordan Beck. Thairo Estrada scores.	1-3
T2	Jordan Beck homers (2) on a fly ball to center field.	1-4
B4	Luis Matos doubles (1) on a line drive to left fielder Jordan Beck. Mike Yastrzemski scores.	2-4
B5	Thairo Estrada homers (7) on a line drive to left field. Jorge Soler scores. LaMonte Wade Jr. scores.	5-4
B5	Luis Matos singles on a ground ball to third baseman Ryan McMahon. Matt Chapman scores. Mike Yastrzemski to 2nd.	6-4
T6	Ezequiel Tovar doubles (13) on a sharp line drive to left fielder Heliot Ramos. Charlie Blackmon scores.	6-5
B7	Luis Matos grounds out, pitcher Jake Bird to first baseman Elehuris Montero. Matt Chapman scores. Mike Yastrzemski to 2nd.	7-5
B7	Marco Luciano singles on a fly ball to right fielder Jake Cave. Mike Yastrzemski scores. Blake Sabol to 3rd. Marco Luciano to 2nd.	8-5
B8	Luis Matos doubles (2) on a line drive to left fielder Jordan Beck. Thairo Estrada scores. Matt Chapman scores. Heliot Ramos to 3rd.	10-5

Highlights

Description	Length
Kyle Harrison against the Rockies	0:07
Bullpen availability for San Francisco, May 17 vs Rockies	0:07
Bullpen availability for Colorado, May 17 vs Giants	0:07
Bench availability for Colorado, May 17 vs Giants	0:07
Fielding alignment for Colorado, May 17 vs Giants	0:11
Starting lineups for Rockies at Giants - May 17, 2024	0:09
Bench availability for San Francisco, May 17 vs Rockies	0:07
Fielding alignment for San Francisco, May 17 vs Rockies	0:11
Breaking down Jordan Beck's home run	0:13
Analyzing Jordan Beck's home run through bat tracking	0:11
Breaking down Ryan Feltner's pitches	0:04
Thairo Estrada: Home Run Statcast Analysis	0:12
A deep dive into Thairo Estrada's home run	0:11
Ryan McMahon drills a two-run double off the wall	0:28
Brendan Rodgers laces an RBI double to left field	0:17
Matt Chapman's 200th career double plates a run	0:28
Jordan Beck belts a solo home run to center field	0:23
Brendan Rodgers makes a sensational diving stop	0:23
Mason Black gets Brenton Doyle looking	0:07
Luis Matos rips an RBI double to left field	0:15
Masanori Murakami throws out ceremonial first pitch	0:29
LaMonte Wade Jr. tags out Ryan McMahon after review	0:24
Thairo Estrada smacks a three-run home run to left	0:25
Luis Matos drives in a run with an infield single	0:18
Ezequiel Tovar laces an RBI double to left field	0:20
Luis Matos plates a run with an RBI groundout	0:20
Marco Luciano records his first career RBI	0:26
Luis Matos lines a two-run double to left field	0:21

Decisions

Winning Pitcher	Losing Pitcher	Save
Hjelle (1-1, 2.81 ERA)	Feltner (1-4, 5.69 ERA)

Hello,
My family of four (wife and two kids ages 15 and 11) will be traveling to Italy for the first time in late July for 10 nights. We'll be landing in Rome and staying for four nights, taking a train to Florence and staying for three nights, and taking another train to Venice and staying for three nights. I've put together a tentative itinerary (see below) and would love any feedback/advice. Please let me know if any of the days are unrealistically loaded and what attractions you'd suggest cutting out. Additionally, let me know if I have something missing that you highly recommend we should do or see. Thanks in advance!
​

Day	Morning	Mid-Day	Evening
1 - Rome		-Arrive in Rome-Hotel check-in	Dinner and walk around
2 - Rome	-Breakfast at hotel-Colosseum-Roman Forum-Palatine Hill	-Lunch-Mouth of Truth-Trastevere	-Dinner in Trastevere?
3 - Rome	-Breakfast at hotel-Spanish steps-Trevi Fountain-Pantheon/Piazza della Rotonda	-Lunch-Piazza Navona	-Dinner & walk around
4 - Rome	-Breakfast at hotel-Vatican City -St. Peter's Basilica -Sistine Chapel	-Lunch-St. Peter's Square-Vatican Museums (if time permits)-St. Angelo Bridge / Castel Sant’Angelo	Dinner and walk around somewhere
5 - Florence	-Breakfast at hotel-Train from Rome to Florence (1.5 hours)	-AirBnB check-in (3pm)-Lunch- Santa Croce Church (avg 1 hour)	- Accademia Gallery - Piazza della Repubblica- Dinner and walk around
6 - Florence	- Breakfast- Uffizi Gallery- Piazza della Signoria	-Lunch - Ponte Vecchio (stone bridge, walk and shop) - Pitti Palace- Boboli Garden	- Piazzale Michelangelo - Dinner
7 - Florence	- Breakfast-The Duomo-Piazza de Duomo- Baptistry of St. John- Basilica di San Lorenzo"	-Lunch Mercato Centrale ( 7 min walk from Duomo)	Cooking class for dinner
8 - Venice	-Breakfast-Train from Florence to Venice (2hrs 5 min)	-AirBnB check-in (3pm)-Lunch-Basilica di San Marco	-Piazza San Marco-Gondola Ride-Dinner and walk around
9 - Venice	-Breakfast-Doge's Palace-Bridge of Sighs	-Lunch-Teatro La Fenice	-Ponte di Rialto-Dinner and walk around
10 - Venice	-Breakfast-Peggy Guggenheim CollectionOR -Explore a neighborhood/piazza	-Lunch-Venezia FC stadium	-Dinner-Pack for departure tomorrow

​

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Rockies (15-28) @ Giants (20-25)

First Pitch: 10:15 PM at Oracle Park

Team	Starter	TV	Radio
Rockies	Ryan Feltner (1-3, 5.20 ERA)	COLR	KOA
Giants	Mason Black (0-1, 6.23 ERA)	NBCSBA	KNBR, KSFN (ES)

MLB	Fangraphs	Reddit Stream	IRC Chat
Gameday	Game Graph	Live Comments	Libera: ##baseball

Line Score - Game Over

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	R	H	E	LOB
COL	3	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	5	11	0	11
SF	1	0	0	1	4	0	2	2		10	14	0	10

Box Score

SF		AB	R	H	RBI	BB	SO	BA
DH	Soler	4	1	1	0	1	0	.203
1B	Wade Jr.	4	1	1	0	1	1	.311
2B	Estrada	5	3	3	3	0	0	.250
3B	Chapman, M	4	3	3	1	0	1	.218
RF	Yastrzemski	4	2	2	0	1	0	.234
LF	Ramos	3	0	0	0	2	1	.281
CF	Matos	5	0	3	5	0	0	.333
C	Sabol	4	0	0	0	1	0	.313
SS	Luciano	4	0	1	1	0	2	.200

SF	IP	H	R	ER	BB	SO	P-S	ERA
Black	3.0	6	4	4	0	2	50-34	7.71
Hjelle	2.0	3	0	0	0	1	30-22	2.81
Jackson	0.2	1	1	1	1	1	25-15	4.50
Miller, E	0.1	0	0	0	1	0	12-6	4.71
Walker, R	1.0	0	0	0	0	1	12-9	2.35
Rogers, Ty	1.0	0	0	0	0	1	11-9	2.61
Rodríguez, R	1.0	1	0	0	1	1	30-18	3.12

COL		AB	R	H	RBI	BB	SO	BA
DH	Blackmon	3	2	1	0	1	0	.239
SS	Tovar	5	1	2	1	0	0	.278
3B	McMahon	4	1	2	2	1	0	.309
2B	Rodgers	5	0	2	1	0	1	.262
CF	Doyle, B	4	0	0	0	1	3	.274
RF	Cave	5	0	2	0	0	0	.259
C	Stallings	4	0	0	0	0	1	.296
1B	Montero, E	4	0	1	0	0	1	.227
LF	Beck	4	1	1	1	0	1	.236

COL	IP	H	R	ER	BB	SO	P-S	ERA
Feltner	4.0	7	5	5	2	2	85-45	5.69
Vodnik	1.0	3	1	1	0	2	23-17	2.84
Bird	2.0	1	2	2	3	0	31-18	6.10
Molina	1.0	3	2	2	1	1	28-18	7.56

Scoring Plays

Inning	Event	Score
T1	Ryan McMahon doubles (10) on a sharp fly ball to right fielder Mike Yastrzemski. Charlie Blackmon scores. Ezequiel Tovar scores.	0-2
T1	Brendan Rodgers doubles (7) on a ground ball to left fielder Heliot Ramos. Ryan McMahon scores.	0-3
B1	Matt Chapman doubles (9) on a sharp line drive to left fielder Jordan Beck. Thairo Estrada scores.	1-3
T2	Jordan Beck homers (2) on a fly ball to center field.	1-4
B4	Luis Matos doubles (1) on a line drive to left fielder Jordan Beck. Mike Yastrzemski scores.	2-4
B5	Thairo Estrada homers (7) on a line drive to left field. Jorge Soler scores. LaMonte Wade Jr. scores.	5-4
B5	Luis Matos singles on a ground ball to third baseman Ryan McMahon. Matt Chapman scores. Mike Yastrzemski to 2nd.	6-4
T6	Ezequiel Tovar doubles (13) on a sharp line drive to left fielder Heliot Ramos. Charlie Blackmon scores.	6-5
B7	Luis Matos grounds out, pitcher Jake Bird to first baseman Elehuris Montero. Matt Chapman scores. Mike Yastrzemski to 2nd.	7-5
B7	Marco Luciano singles on a fly ball to right fielder Jake Cave. Mike Yastrzemski scores. Blake Sabol to 3rd. Marco Luciano to 2nd.	8-5
B8	Luis Matos doubles (2) on a line drive to left fielder Jordan Beck. Thairo Estrada scores. Matt Chapman scores. Heliot Ramos to 3rd.	10-5

Highlights

Description	Length
Kyle Harrison against the Rockies	0:07
Bullpen availability for San Francisco, May 17 vs Rockies	0:07
Bullpen availability for Colorado, May 17 vs Giants	0:07
Bench availability for Colorado, May 17 vs Giants	0:07
Fielding alignment for Colorado, May 17 vs Giants	0:11
Starting lineups for Rockies at Giants - May 17, 2024	0:09
Bench availability for San Francisco, May 17 vs Rockies	0:07
Fielding alignment for San Francisco, May 17 vs Rockies	0:11
Breaking down Jordan Beck's home run	0:13
Analyzing Jordan Beck's home run through bat tracking	0:11
Breaking down Ryan Feltner's pitches	0:04
Thairo Estrada: Home Run Statcast Analysis	0:12
A deep dive into Thairo Estrada's home run	0:11
Ryan McMahon drills a two-run double off the wall	0:28
Brendan Rodgers laces an RBI double to left field	0:17
Matt Chapman's 200th career double plates a run	0:28
Jordan Beck belts a solo home run to center field	0:23
Brendan Rodgers makes a sensational diving stop	0:23
Mason Black gets Brenton Doyle looking	0:07
Luis Matos rips an RBI double to left field	0:15
Masanori Murakami throws out ceremonial first pitch	0:29
LaMonte Wade Jr. tags out Ryan McMahon after review	0:24
Thairo Estrada smacks a three-run home run to left	0:25
Luis Matos drives in a run with an infield single	0:18
Ezequiel Tovar laces an RBI double to left field	0:20
Luis Matos plates a run with an RBI groundout	0:20
Marco Luciano records his first career RBI	0:26
Luis Matos lines a two-run double to left field	0:21

Decisions

Winning Pitcher	Losing Pitcher	Save
Hjelle (1-1, 2.81 ERA)	Feltner (1-4, 5.69 ERA)

Attendance	Weather	Wind
	58°F, Partly Cloudy	14 mph, Out To CF

HP	1B	2B	3B
Quinn Wolcott	Sean Barber	Edwin Jimenez	Ryan Blakney

Game ended at 1:16 AM.
Remember to sort by new to keep up!

Rockies (15-28) @ Giants (20-25)

First Pitch: 8:15 PM at Oracle Park

Team	Starter	TV	Radio
Rockies	Ryan Feltner (1-3, 5.20 ERA)	COLR	KOA
Giants	Mason Black (0-1, 6.23 ERA)	NBCSBA	KNBR, KSFN (ES)

MLB	Fangraphs	Baseball Savant	Reddit Stream	IRC Chat
Gameday	Game Graph	Strikezone Map	Live Comments	Libera: ##baseball

Line Score - Game Over

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	R	H	E	LOB
COL	3	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	5	11	0	11
SF	1	0	0	1	4	0	2	2		10	14	0	10

Box Score

SF		AB	R	H	RBI	BB	SO	BA
DH	Soler	4	1	1	0	1	0	.203
1B	Wade Jr.	4	1	1	0	1	1	.311
2B	Estrada	5	3	3	3	0	0	.250
3B	Chapman, M	4	3	3	1	0	1	.218
RF	Yastrzemski	4	2	2	0	1	0	.234
LF	Ramos	3	0	0	0	2	1	.281
CF	Matos	5	0	3	5	0	0	.333
C	Sabol	4	0	0	0	1	0	.313
SS	Luciano	4	0	1	1	0	2	.200

SF	IP	H	R	ER	BB	SO	P-S	ERA
Black	3.0	6	4	4	0	2	50-34	7.71
Hjelle	2.0	3	0	0	0	1	30-22	2.81
Jackson	0.2	1	1	1	1	1	25-15	4.50
Miller, E	0.1	0	0	0	1	0	12-6	4.71
Walker, R	1.0	0	0	0	0	1	12-9	2.35
Rogers, Ty	1.0	0	0	0	0	1	11-9	2.61
Rodríguez, R	1.0	1	0	0	1	1	30-18	3.12

COL		AB	R	H	RBI	BB	SO	BA
DH	Blackmon	3	2	1	0	1	0	.239
SS	Tovar	5	1	2	1	0	0	.278
3B	McMahon	4	1	2	2	1	0	.309
2B	Rodgers	5	0	2	1	0	1	.262
CF	Doyle, B	4	0	0	0	1	3	.274
RF	Cave	5	0	2	0	0	0	.259
C	Stallings	4	0	0	0	0	1	.296
1B	Montero, E	4	0	1	0	0	1	.227
LF	Beck	4	1	1	1	0	1	.236

COL	IP	H	R	ER	BB	SO	P-S	ERA
Feltner	4.0	7	5	5	2	2	85-45	5.69
Vodnik	1.0	3	1	1	0	2	23-17	2.84
Bird	2.0	1	2	2	3	0	31-18	6.10
Molina	1.0	3	2	2	1	1	28-18	7.56

Scoring Plays

Inning	Event	Score
T1	Ryan McMahon doubles (10) on a sharp fly ball to right fielder Mike Yastrzemski. Charlie Blackmon scores. Ezequiel Tovar scores.	0-2
T1	Brendan Rodgers doubles (7) on a ground ball to left fielder Heliot Ramos. Ryan McMahon scores.	0-3
B1	Matt Chapman doubles (9) on a sharp line drive to left fielder Jordan Beck. Thairo Estrada scores.	1-3
T2	Jordan Beck homers (2) on a fly ball to center field.	1-4
B4	Luis Matos doubles (1) on a line drive to left fielder Jordan Beck. Mike Yastrzemski scores.	2-4
B5	Thairo Estrada homers (7) on a line drive to left field. Jorge Soler scores. LaMonte Wade Jr. scores.	5-4
B5	Luis Matos singles on a ground ball to third baseman Ryan McMahon. Matt Chapman scores. Mike Yastrzemski to 2nd.	6-4
T6	Ezequiel Tovar doubles (13) on a sharp line drive to left fielder Heliot Ramos. Charlie Blackmon scores.	6-5
B7	Luis Matos grounds out, pitcher Jake Bird to first baseman Elehuris Montero. Matt Chapman scores. Mike Yastrzemski to 2nd.	7-5
B7	Marco Luciano singles on a fly ball to right fielder Jake Cave. Mike Yastrzemski scores. Blake Sabol to 3rd. Marco Luciano to 2nd.	8-5
B8	Luis Matos doubles (2) on a line drive to left fielder Jordan Beck. Thairo Estrada scores. Matt Chapman scores. Heliot Ramos to 3rd.	10-5

Highlights

Description	Length
Kyle Harrison against the Rockies	0:07
Bullpen availability for San Francisco, May 17 vs Rockies	0:07
Bullpen availability for Colorado, May 17 vs Giants	0:07
Bench availability for Colorado, May 17 vs Giants	0:07
Fielding alignment for Colorado, May 17 vs Giants	0:11
Starting lineups for Rockies at Giants - May 17, 2024	0:09
Bench availability for San Francisco, May 17 vs Rockies	0:07
Fielding alignment for San Francisco, May 17 vs Rockies	0:11
Breaking down Jordan Beck's home run	0:13
Analyzing Jordan Beck's home run through bat tracking	0:11
Breaking down Ryan Feltner's pitches	0:04
Thairo Estrada: Home Run Statcast Analysis	0:12
A deep dive into Thairo Estrada's home run	0:11
Ryan McMahon drills a two-run double off the wall	0:28
Brendan Rodgers laces an RBI double to left field	0:17
Matt Chapman's 200th career double plates a run	0:28
Jordan Beck belts a solo home run to center field	0:23
Brendan Rodgers makes a sensational diving stop	0:23
Mason Black gets Brenton Doyle looking	0:07
Luis Matos rips an RBI double to left field	0:15
Masanori Murakami throws out ceremonial first pitch	0:29
LaMonte Wade Jr. tags out Ryan McMahon after review	0:24
Thairo Estrada smacks a three-run home run to left	0:25
Luis Matos drives in a run with an infield single	0:18
Ezequiel Tovar laces an RBI double to left field	0:20
Luis Matos plates a run with an RBI groundout	0:20
Marco Luciano records his first career RBI	0:26
Luis Matos lines a two-run double to left field	0:21

Decisions

Winning Pitcher	Losing Pitcher	Save
Hjelle (1-1, 2.81 ERA)	Feltner (1-4, 5.69 ERA)

Game ended at 11:17 PM.
Remember to sort by new to keep up!

Hi everyone !
I don't know if many people will be interested, but I've just come back from a week in Florence and decided to come back here with a little (long) trip report and some advice for future travelers.
Some info: first trip to Florence, and first trip on my own (F34). Duration 1 week (Thursday to Thursday), apartment booked on Booking. I took the Firenze Card. Sorry for the mistakes, english is not my first language.
Day 1:

• Arrival at Florence airport around 12pm. I took a cab at the airport (the cab line is right outside the exit, no problem finding one and no waiting. The price is fixed: 28€ per person + 1€ per large piece of luggage). Twenty minutes later I arrived at my rental apartment, literally 20 meters from the Duomo.
• Once I'd put my luggage down, I wandered around the city for about 2h30, visiting the Santa Trinita Basilica and then a few groceries.

Day 2:

• Uffizi tour at 8:30 a.m. I'll say it again, but if I had to give just one piece of advice: GO EARLY. I had the Firenze card, so I just called to book 2 or 3 days in advance a slot for the Uffizi and the Academia. The museum is mind-blowing but overwhelming. Impossible to see everything. I did a quick visit (2 hours, I didn't linger on the statues). There really weren't many people around, so much so that I had da Vinci's Annunciation all to myself for a good 5 minutes.
• Fondation Zeffirelli (very nice),
• Casa Di Dante (not crazy, but still nice),
• Anselm Kiefer's Angeli Caduti exhibition at Palazzo Strozzi (great),
• Medici Chapel (incredible Princes' Hall).

Day 3:

• Palazzo Vecchio at 9am, very few people (and a huge queue at the entrance when I came out around 11am). Loved it.
• In the afternoon, Santa Croce (superb),
• Bargello (which I really liked, even though I'm clearly not a fan of statuary art),
• then concert in the evening at the Zeffirelli museum (Pachelbel, Bach, Mozart, Vivaldi).

Day 4:

• Palazzo Pitti,
• Costume Museum
• a quick visit to the Boboli Gardens (I didn't linger because of a huge sunburn).
• Next door, La Specola museum, very nice and interesting.
• Big lunch followed by a big nap
• San Lorenzo market, then a stroll around town (after topping up my sun cream and buying a hat).

Day 5:

• Casa Buonarroti (a must-see!),
• Synagogue (original) and its museum,
• Santa Maria Novella (not great, museum closed and Trinity under restoration).
• Basilica San Lorenzo (I absolutely loved it),
• Palazzo Medici Riccardi (not great... Unless I missed something, a bit disappointing).

Day 6:

• Academia at 8:45 a.m. Quite few people, and I left the bulk of the herd around the David, so the rest of the visit was very quiet. Splendid 14th/early 15th-century collection.
• San Marco basilica, incredible.
• In the afternoon, prehistory museum, anecdotal as it's absolutely tiny, but the guards are very nice (I spent twice as much time chatting with them as visiting the 2 rooms of the museum).
• Hospital of the Innocents, which I had reservations about, but I loved it! I was all alone in the art trail. Go and have a coffee on the terrace!
• Officina profumo-farmaceutica di Santa Maria Novella. Magnificent, but my banker won't thank me.

Day 7:

• Back to Uffizi, this time on a guided tour. I didn't choose well, as the tour wasn't great (1h inside the museum, less than 10 paintings overviewed, no really interesting information). Once the guide had left, I went round the museum again on my own (about 2 hours).
• Afternoon visit to Santa Maria del Fiore (the interior is completely anti-climactic, but really cool clock)
• Santa Reparata (very nice)
• Baptistery (unfortunately under construction),
• the Duomo museum (a must-do, super interesting).

It was extremely long in fact, sorry!
What I'll remember about the trip: - I'll be back for sure, without the "pressure" of wanting to see everything (and I did touch the Porcellino to make sure I'd be back!). - the Firenze card is a must-have. I visited over 20 places, and I don't know how much it would have cost me without the card - having an apartment just a few meters from the Duomo is incredible, everything is a maximum 10-minute walk away. On the other hand, I'd forgotten that the cathedral is... a cathedral. And that it has bells. I didn't wake up once after 7 a.m. ^{^} - go and visit during opening hours. There were a lot of tourists on the street, but I still wonder where these people were except on the street. Three quarters of the museums I visited were very sparsely populated, and on several occasions I was alone. - download AppTaxi if you need to take a cab back to the airport. You can book the trip the day before, it's very easy to use and the driver is right on time. - don't put pressure on yourself, you'll never be able to see everything. On the first day, I didn't feel very good, telling myself that I didn't see everything, that I didn't read every single card... Go at your own pace and according to your desires. - I've traveled quite a bit and I'm French, so I'm used to splendid things (ahah), but Florence is clearly the most beautiful thing I've seen in my life. I'm sorry for the residents tho, we are so many tourists...
Thanks for the advice I got on this sub while planning my trip, and if you're planning yours, don't hesitate to ask me questions!

Oda has one of the most intricate and detailed double page spread. They cooked even more with the colored version.

My partner and I are traveling to Venice for two days and one night. We want to fit in as much of the biennale as we can into that short amount of time.
We’re staying north of San Polo and information about getting to the Arsenale and Giardini is surprisingly difficult to find. I’m seeing that we should walk to the San Marco ferry stop and take the ferry from there, but any other tips on easily getting back and forth?
Many thanks for any tips and tricks on getting around.