I ain't no snitch. But I swear to god. I have had just about enough of this chick. Here's the sotry;
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My World Civ class has the final project to be a group assignment, an essay on select issues of the world. We're supposed to be writing an essay TOGETHER and our topic is North Korea. I was assigned to a random partner to this girl... let's call her DEL.
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The week before, she told our teacher that she would be leaving school early to go on a vacation. We have 3 weeks of school left but for some reason, my stupid ass teacher bought this excuse. But she promised, that on our shared document and worksheet she would do her part of the work. one week in I haven't seen her in class and she hasn't written a word.
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Funny story, I'm walking through the halls 2 days later, and I see that she's still here. Del's talking about how she's getting away with skipping her first period (that's the period we have World-Civ) and we make direct eye contact. I got an arm around my boy, she's got an arm round one of her girls, and i give her this Clint Eastwood ass stare as we walk past each other.
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I get home from school and check my phone. I got a couple snaps from Del, which is strange considering we haven't texted or snapped in weeks. I check none of them and just ignore her. She's probably nervous I'll do something about it.
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I don't want her getting ANY credit for doing ZERO work on the essay. But at the same time, my snitching on her WILL lead to her failing this class. I know I'm being really petty, so I don't know if me being agitated is a good excuse to fail someone else, even this broad. I just want the credits and I'm sure she does too, even if she's a greasy whore who's slept with like 10 guys. (we are sophomores in high-school)

This is probably a longer story than it really is, but I am just trying to give as much context as I can.
In grade 11, me (F16-17) and my ex-friend (F16-17) were best friends. For some context, we both became friends fairly early in high school. In my country high school is from grade 8-grade 12. I joined the high school in grade 8 from out of city, the high school is just closer to me than the one in my city, so I was a new kid. I made some friends in grade 8 as a new kid but those friendships did end in grade 9. Grade 9 is when my best friend, we'll call her Emily, transferred to the school. And we formed a friendship. Through grade 9 we had formed our own little friend group with 2 other girls, we'll name them Clara and Sabrina. It was the 4 of us through majority of high school. We would always text each other, always hang out after school, spend any break we had at school together and had as much fun as any girls in high school could have (minus the partying because my school is not a partying school).
Emily and I were the closet in the friend group, afterall we were pretty similar and come from similar backgrounds (We're both a type of asian). We both would be described as the smart kids. We both would end up getting high grades in all of our classes. In grade 9, when we met, she told the friend group her dream was to become a doctor like her parents were, so she studied extra hard in high school to keep her grades high. I, on the other hand, did not really have any specific dreams. I wanted to become a writer or even a lawyer (but was worried because I'm not the best speaker). Due to that, I never tried that hard at school. Like i care about grades, my parents cared a lot about me getting high grades, but I wasn't studying for anything. And with that I never really studied either, I would do my homework and pay attention in class and take pretty notes but I was not spending any real time after class to do work Which is something that Emily would do. She would spend hours and hours a day just studying. If she wasn't studying she would be doing some volunterring or some club stuff.
Fast forward to grade 11. Right from the beginning of the year something just felt odd about our relationship. She seemed distant. Which I chalked up to it being we were now considered seniors at our high school so she was starting to stress about universities already, but it was still whatever. My school worked in semesters, so for half of the year we would have 4 specific classes which would then switch to different classes in second semester. During first semester I didn't have any classes with any of my friends. I was just chilling in all of my classess and getting adopted into different group friends in those classes. I was always well-liked in high school, I was not a popular kid. But compared to all the smart kids in the school, I was deemed the nicest so because of that everyone would be nice to me and friendly (even though I know for some of them it was so they could get hw answers out of me, but they were still very nice to me).
During this time, my friends and I would make up plans to hang out. We always made it a point to hang out at least once a week outside of school. It was always after school, we would usually study, walk around or go to the mall. In our gc on insta we would always double check with one another on which days to do it. Clara, Sabrina and I would always talk in the gc and were always the ones initiating the plans. Emily was also in the gc but would rarely reply to anything. Any times we would make plans to hang out, Emily would either not reply (which would then lead us to asking her during lunch the next day if she was free, where she would barely talk) or she would just say no to all plans. The few times she would say yes, she would always cancel the day of. Which would be annoying, and Clara, Sabrina and I would talk amongst ourselves that we found it odd she would always cancel and never want to hang out outside of school, but we were like it's not that big of a deal. She could just be busy.
We then just ahead to my birthday. Now i have an early birthday and it falls around the time that we come back to school after the winter break. Now during the winter break, Clara, Sabrina and I formed a seperate gc as it would just be the three of us talking and making plans. We also always took so many pictures and felt bad about sending it into the gc with the four of us in it as we didnt want Emily to feel bad about not coming. So we figured it was better if we kept it seperate. But in the main gc, I just ask when is everyone free to do something small. I'm not really a birthday person. Since high school, all my birthdays include going to some cozy restauraunt with my 4 closest friends and just having a casual dinner. So I ask and everyone leaves their responses, including Emily. We decide on a day, it would be after school just a day or two after my actual birthday and we would be going to a restuarunt and an arcade nearby (I have strict parents so I really wasn't allowed to go out late or really go out anywhere far). The plan is made and everything is set. When the day comes for the dinnearcade, we all meet up by our lockers to go take the bus together.
The 3 of us are there waiting for Emily to come and she does just a few minutes late. That is when she tells us she can't come because she has a club meeting today, and she told us it was mandatory for us to attend. Now of course my friends and I tried to convince her to blow it off just this one time, but she was adamant about going. So, whatever. We say bye to her and start walking to the bus. While walking there we bump into a mutual friend, also waiting for the bus. She is also in the same club, so we confused why she was here. We do ask her, saying "hey isn't there something happening with the club today?" That is when she tells us there was just this small meeting recapping what had happened in last weeks meeting for the people who missed it. Meaning the meeting was not madatory at all, especially when Emily had cancelled our plans last week to go to this said meeting. Meaning she did sort of lie to get out of going to my birthday party. I of course was hurt by this. When she told us she had to go to the meeting, I didn't think much of it as I knew how much school mattered to her and how much doing this club stuff mattered. But she had the choice to come, and she decided to just blow me off. We went out and had fun and didn't bring the matter up with her. We figured it was just her caring a bit too much about school.
Anyways this whole cancelling plans last minute, ghosting the main gc thing happened more and more. It also got to the point where if I wanted to talk to her, whether that was through text or in real life I would always have to approach her first. As this carried on for a while, i of course was getting a bit annoyed about where this friendship was going.
We now get to Emily's birthday a month later. Now Emily decided to plan her birthday, very last minute. I am just pointing this out as i am not a person who can do spontaneous plans, one because i have this need to plan properly and two because I do have strict parents. So i can't just spring a plan on them the day of and expect to go. Which is something Emily knows. Anyways she makes the plan and i tell my mom about it to ask if i can go and she says yes. The day before, Emily then decides to change the plan entirely. We were going to go into downtown city (for context, it's roughly 2 hours transit from our neighborhood). I obviously had to ask permission as she wanted to stay out late which is not something my parents would like, so when Emily told us at lunch the change in plans, Clara, Sabrina I told her we had to double check if we can still go as we all have strict parents, but our extended friend group were all down to go.
After school, the four of us head into the bathroom, which is a toally normal thing for high school girls to do before we headed out. While there Emily then decides to start a fight with me about not going to her birthday, which hasn't happened yet. She starts yelling at me about how Im mad that she didn't go to my birthday and am not going to hers as revenge (I'll be honest, I kinda forgot she didn't go). And starts yelling at me about how I'm being a bad friend and frankly a b*tch. And when I say she is screaming at me, I mean there is the largest echo circling our bathroom as she yells at me. Now I'm just standing there, trying to reason with her. I'm just trying to explain to her that i didn't say i wasn't coming, i just needed to get permission to go, which is something that Clara and Sarbina said as well but Emily wasn't saying anything about them. She proceeded to just yell at me for a solid 5 minutes. Another girl did walk into the bathroom, saw Emily yelling and just left, which I feel bad about. I do not do well with someone yelling at me, so I just tell her that I'm leaving now and we can talk later. I practically run out of the bathroom and out of school. Clara runs up to me and says i can't go home feeling like this. I felt horrible, i felt like throwing up. So Clara makes it her job to cheer me up as Sabrina is trying to calm Emily down. Clara takes me to Mcdonalds, where we split a meal as that became a tradition of ours and she bought me ice-cream to make me feel better. We end up spending roughly and hour and half there before starting to walk back to our houses. I did feel a lot better and I was smiling. Clara didn't really say much about what happened as she knew it would upset me. She just said that Emily was being mean and left it at that. At some point during our walk, Emily calls Clara and starts screaming at Clara over the phone about choosing "my side". I only know it was Emily because I can hear her screaming through the phone and Clara is trying to be nice to her and say she was comforting her friend like a good one would do. Emily continues screaming and Clara just hangs up on her.
We don't talk about it. Now the next day, at school, is Emily's birthday. I feel so awkward. Because i'm still upset about what happened. When I see her, I'm not sure if I should wish her a happy birthday. I feel like I am owed an apology first. so i don't really say anything to her. and we don't really talk. Now we are in the same Chemistry honours class together and are lab partners. So we have to talk. I ask her, if we're going to talk about what happened. And she just says, no, it's my birthday. I just say really but she doesn't say anything after. So Im just like, fine, whatever. We spend the entire class in awkward silence, and I do not see her again the entire day. Even at lunch because she has a club meeting or something. Clara, Sabrina and I all agree that we don't want to talk about it. Clara got an apology text last night but she was still mad about being yelled at over the phone. Sabrina asked us if we wanted to know what her and Emily talked about yesterday but i said no. I was frankly too mad and knew if anything was said, I would be upset. Emily did not end up having a birthday party. and there is now an awkward silence between the 4 of us. it's like a horror movie, where the music is playing and you just know something bad is coming and you have to wait for it.
A few days later, I know i have to say something. I can feel that our friendship is hanging by a thread and I want my best friend back. So at lunch, while we're all sitting by our lockers I bring up the topic. I do not remember the conversation that took place. All I know was that Emily was practically screaming in my face, in front of all our friends (Clara, Sabrina and 5 of our other friends). Everyone is trying to get her to stop, but she keeps yelling at me. At some point I just start crying. Now this is the first time, that someone outside of my family, has ever made me cry. Its the first time I have ever cried at school too. The tears are flowing down my face as I just say "i'm sorry i cant do this" to the rest of our friends as i had off to the bathroom to calm down. Clara and one of our other friends rush off with me to try to calm me down and stop the tears. But they keep coming. I can't stop them and am now in the bathroom splashing my face with water and doing my best to wipe them all away. Clara, this other friend and i all have the same class next. So they have to literally drag me to class as I'm sort of paralyzed about whats happening. When we get to the classroom, everyone there, which was half of the class is looking at me and seeing my red, teared-up face. Our seats are at the very back corner of the classroom, on the very opposite side from the door. So i have to walk past the entire face as they all stare at me and wonder whats happening. the entire time im not really paying any attention. during little work periods in the class, my fellow classmates would walk up to me and ask if im okay. which i would say yes, i was even though i wasnt because what else could i say. I ended up powering through the rest of the day before going home and wonderign what to do.
In the secret gc, I text with Clara and Sabrina about what my next steps should be. They suggest we have an actual therapy session as a friend group to discuss if we even want to be friends at this point. I agree to this. I even start writing up my own speech I am going to tell Emily when i see her.
So I'm just going to jump ahead to whenever this happens. It's during lunch, outside on the grass field. I am calm, I know what to say and everything. I'm sitting there with Clara and Sabrina has to literally drag Emily out of school to come and talk. I kid you not. We have like an hour for lunch. It takes 20 minutes for Emily to finally show up. And she shows up like, "ugh what are we even doing here? im kinda busy" and just acts like there is nothing at all wrong. I start to calmly explain to her how ive been feeling the entire year. I do not remmeber the conversation. But what I remember talking about is how i feel like she's distant, she's always cancelling plans, im always the one texting her first, about how she gets mad at me for small little things, how she yells at me, etc. My whole speech was about how "i don't want to feel like sh*t for trying to continue this friendship". Because even after the first time she yelled at me, I just wanted an apology and we could move on and that didn't happen. And now Im just like I don't want to cry again and don't want my tears to come from someone who's supposed to be my best friend. She does argue her case in this. Her whole thing is how "i'm being clingy and annoying and controlling".
Now for her arguement, I think it should be known more about my persoanlity type. I am not the best people person. I have social anxiety and how that manifests in me is that i can't really talk to people that well. I don't know how to converse and get incredibly nervous to talk to anyone new. So when I do become friends with someone, I do latch on to them. I talk to them all the time, when i can, and they become my person. I think that is where the clingy party comes from. For the controlling/annoying thing, I can only chalk it up to me always texting her. Like i said, i would always have to be the one initating our conversations and plans. So our chats always look like 5 bubbles of text from me (because i am the person that types in multiple bubbles rather than one large text bubble) and her short responses. When it comes to plans, as I said i do not do spontaenous plans. I need to have them properly organized for both my parents sakes and my sake. I'm not someone who plans everything out minute by minute, I just need to know times and places. And if you are actually free.
Thankfully this time, Emily isn't yelling at me however she is talkimg a bit loudly. Now at this point we have spent 25ish minutes talking about this when she suddently gets up and says "i have to go otherwise i'll be late for my class and get in trouble". Which there is still 15 minutes before lunch ends. And her classroom is across the hallway from my next class with Clara. The walk from the grass field was literally 2 minutes. Our coversation wasn;t done. There was no convlusion and no real understanding on either part. So all of us get up as Emily starts speed walking and we all chase her. We're all telling her there is still so much time left, but she doesn't listen and still carries on. So then I say, "i don't want to be friends anymore if this is what it's going to be like". and she says "fine." and walks away. and that was the end of our friendship.
It was almost spring break and our friends were doing their best to navigate the situation. I think they believed we both needed time to cool down and we can all be friends again. However that didn;t happen. Emily and i agreed to be civil as we still had the same friend group but she never really hung out with us in the next couple days, or talked during lunch and that was it.
The two of us did not talk at all. The only times we did was in our Chemistry class, where she did the most un-civil thing ever. As I said we were lab partners. Anytime we had any lab, involing the microscope, I would always be the person doing the microscope work as Emily writes down the results of what I found. I would then get the numbers or obersations from her and add them to my worksheet as our teacher wanted us to work in partners but submit our own work. This one lab went off for too long and the bell rung. So as we are packing up quickly, I ask Emily for the numbers she wrote down. She said she's late for something and will send me the numbers later today. And I'm like fine. She never did. It was also a Friday so we went into the weekend and she never sent me anything. I did text her once on Saturday and another time on Sunday if she could send it. but she never replied and i just asked another classmate if they could send me their answers. If our teacher asked why did we as partners have different answers, I was going to tell him Emily wouldn't give them to me. He never did ask and that was the last time we really talked.
We then headed into spring break which ended up turning into the pandemic lockdown. Now I feel so bad when saying this, as i know this was a difficult time for so many people. But me as a 17-year-old high school studnet, loved the first few weeks of lockdown. I saw it as a mental health break as all the stuff that went down with Emily did in fact put me into a depression phase (I actually do have depression and i do end up in mini-phases where its really bad). The lockdown gave me time to breathe as it felt like i was holding my breath for so long and i could relax. Now in the fall, our school did a hybrid for our last year. Which was fine, it was weird but managable. Emily did not talk to me, Clara or Sabrina at all during our seniour year. We graduated and my friends and I had the best time we could under pandemic restrictions.
Current day, I (21) am now in university. Clara and Sabrina and I are as close as ever and have managed to keep our friendship alive and strong even 3-4 years outside of high school and while all attending different universities. We still hang out regularly (once every week or so) and text all the time. And would you believe it, Emily goes to my university. Remember, how I said she wanted to become a doctor. Yeah so her plan was to go to university in Toronto for some medicine thing. I don't really know. She didn't do that. Instead she stayed in our city and decided to do business instead. What am I doing, you ask? Also business. Now I know I can't claim a school, or a major or anything like that. But i can't lie, im a little annoyed that she decided to swtich her career path to the same as mine. Thankfully Ive only had one class with her and it was one of those big lecture halls so i didn't have to talk with her. Just seeing her tho reminds me of high school and i can feel my blood pressure rising and me sweating as all the nerves and stress come back.
Anyways Clara and Sabrina's birthdays are coming up. Their birthdays are within the same week so since high school, they've always just done one big combined party. The two of them are both really chill people, they are friends with everyone and anyone. So as their coming up with their birthday plans, they are thinking of their guest list and Emily is on it. Now, Clara and Sabrina did ask me beforehand if they could invite her. They do want to make sure I am comfortable. They both tell me that they don't really talk to her anymore, maybe once every 3 months or something. They also haven't hung out since high school. But for their 21st birthday they are thinking of inviting everyone from our high school friend group to have sort of a mini-reuinion. I am down for it, I do think i have moved on, in the sense that I know I do not want Emily in my life. I do tell them I will probably feel awkwad but I can manage for one night for their birthday.
As I'm telling my sister (F16) about Clara and Sabrina's party and who's coming, she asks me about Emily. She basically says if Clara and Sabrina are fine with inviting her, that means they have forgiven her for high school stuff, so am I not being a bit mean for holding on to my feelings? I am a person who believes there is no expirational date on any pain caused by a person. I should not have to "forgive and forget" a person, who has not asked for it and who caused me so much pain just because that is how the world has worked. But it go me thinking, am i being a bit rude?
So, two questions: AITA for what happened in high-school? (am i in the wrong for the friendship breakup) and AITA for not wanting to forgive her?
A FEW NOTES: (i'll add more when i think of it)
I have not spoken to Emily since grade 12. Not in person, not through people, not through text. We have had no contact with one another and i am fine with that. I do not want any relationship with her.
Clara and Sabrina are two of the sweetest people in my life. It does not hurt me at all they have the odd interaction with Emily at all. Afterall they do say its very minimal contact and the few times they have made plans with Emily included, they let me know well in advance, ask if its okay to invite her and all that. Each time I say its fine because I know Im in a good place to not feel bad.
I have never yelled at Emily. Nor have I ever spoken badly about her. With our mutual friends I might complain about the situation, but I never say anything bad about her. I should also say, Emily i don't think was well-liked. As I said the two of are good students, the smart kids, whatever else you want to say. However Emily is what would be described as a "teacher's pet" and does give off an arrogant vibe at times towards others. Some of my other friends/classmates would sometimes make comments about this to me, but i would always sort of downplay it. Like, oh that's not how she really is, she just cares a lot about school. A few times I would say the comments are harsh to some of the classmates. Her, on the other hand, has called me a controlling b*tch to several people. who have all told me about it. She did bad-mouth to quite a few people.
At some point in grade 11 (not really relevant to the main story, but might be part of the reason Emily's always made at me), but I was blamed for a rumour going around that Emily had a crush on this guy in our grade. Emily and I had to go to this one teacher's class for some notes or something. And in the class was this girl who I didn;t really like. So before we walk in I whisper to her, no one can hear, that "hey there's that girl i don't like". Emily then makes it so obvious that she is looking at this girl. And next to her is one of the popular boys in our class. Emily makes it so obvious that shes looking in his direction and does it a few times, that the rumour she likes this guy becomes a huge joke in our grade. She does not like this guy, never has liked this guy, but it is a joke that him and his friends carry on. This continues for the entire year, and Emily in our therapy session does mention this fact. She says its my fault that this joke has gone around. I don't see how.

I'm making a userform for an inventory system. I've been directed to make a log page that tracks every check out/in, an inventory page that tracks the current location of each item, and a master log page that will be a hidden duplicate of the original log page for audit purposes.
I wrote a code that used textboxes so technicians could use a scanner and barcodes to scan items in/out, and it worked without issue. I changed the textboxes to comboboxes so that they could enter information more easily without the scanner. My comboboxes are not pulling information from the reffernced ranges, they just show a single blank line. I am still able to freeform type into the box, and that information is still populating on the Log sheet.
I also have not been able to get the information from the userform to populate the duplicate information on the MasterLog worksheet
I'm including the code for the userform initialization as well as the code for the check out commandbutton. I've tried debugging, with no results, and I have verified the spelling and range values are accurate. I am very new to VBA, and would appreciate any help or suggestions.

Private Sub UserForm1_Initialize() ' Initialize the ComboBoxes with values from the specified ranges Dim ws As Worksheet Dim rng1 As Range Dim rng2 As Range Dim rng3 As Range Dim cell As Range ' Set the worksheet and ranges to retrieve values Set ws = ThisWorkbook.Sheets("Sheet3") Set rng1 = ws.Range("A1:A650") Set rng2 = ws.Range("J2:J42") Set rng3 = ws.Range("C1:C6") ' Clear ComboBoxes Me.ComboBox1.Clear Me.ComboBox2.Clear Me.ComboBox3.Clear ' Add values from the ranges to the ComboBoxes For Each cell In rng1 Me.ComboBox1.AddItem cell.Value Next cell For Each cell In rng2 Me.ComboBox2.AddItem cell.Value Next cell For Each cell In rng3 Me.ComboBox3.AddItem cell.Value Next cell End Sub Private Sub CommandButton1_Click() 'update log with form information for check out Dim erow As Long Dim wsLog As Worksheet Dim wsInventory As Worksheet Dim wsMasterLog As Worksheet Dim rowNum As Long ' Set the worksheet for log and inventory Set wsLog = ThisWorkbook.Sheets("log") Set wsInventory = ThisWorkbook.Sheets("Inventory") Set wsMasterLog = ThisWorkbook.Sheets("MasterLog") erow = wsLog.Range("a" & Rows.Count).End(xlUp).Row 'Check if ComboBox2 value is numeric If IsNumeric(Me.ComboBox2.Value) Then rowNum = CLng(Me.ComboBox2.Value) + 2 ' Convert to Long before adding 2 Else ' Handle the case where ComboBox2 value is not numeric MsgBox "Invalid value in ComboBox2." Exit Sub End If ' Check if the calculated row number is within the valid range If rowNum >= 1 And rowNum <= wsInventory.Rows.Count Then ' Update log with form information for check out With wsLog .Cells(erow + 1, 1).Value = Me.ComboBox2.Value .Cells(erow + 1, 2).Value = "Out" .Cells(erow + 1, 3).Value = Me.ComboBox1.Value .Cells(erow + 1, 4).Value = Now() .Cells(erow + 1, 5).Value = Me.ComboBox3.Value .Cells(erow + 1, 8).Value = Me.TextBox4.Value .Cells(erow + 1, 9).Value = Me.TextBox5.Value End With With wsMasterLog .Cells(erow + 1, 1).Value = Me.ComboBox2.Value .Cells(erow + 1, 2).Value = "Out" .Cells(erow + 1, 3).Value = Me.ComboBox1.Value .Cells(erow + 1, 4).Value = Now() .Cells(erow + 1, 5).Value = Me.ComboBox3.Value .Cells(erow + 1, 8).Value = Me.TextBox4.Value .Cells(erow + 1, 9).Value = Me.TextBox5.Value End With ' Update inventory with form information With wsInventory .Cells(rowNum, 2).Value = "Out" .Cells(rowNum, 3).Value = Me.ComboBox1.Value .Cells(rowNum, 4).Value = Now() .Cells(rowNum, 5).Value = Me.ComboBox3.Value .Cells(rowNum, 6).Value = "" .Cells(rowNum, 7).Value = "" .Cells(rowNum, 8).Value = Me.TextBox4.Value .Cells(rowNum, 9).Value = Me.TextBox5.Value End With Else MsgBox "Invalid row number calculated." End If ' Reset form Me.ComboBox2.Value = "" Me.ComboBox1.Value = "" Me.ComboBox3.Value = "" Me.TextBox4.Value = "" Me.TextBox5.Value = "" Me.ComboBox2.SetFocus End Sub 

Unlocking Email Automation in Excel VBA

Excel's versatility extends beyond data analysis and reporting, delving into the realm of automation that simplifies tedious tasks, such as email communications directly from your worksheets. The integration of Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) within Excel allows users to create custom functions, enabling the automation of creating and sending emails without leaving the comfort of their spreadsheet environment. This capability is particularly beneficial for professionals who rely on timely communication and data distribution, ensuring that reports, notifications, and updates are dispatched directly from their workbooks with minimal manual intervention.
However, navigating the VBA landscape to automate email operations can present challenges, particularly in ensuring the new mail item is prominently displayed in front of the worksheet and is sent after the contact is selected. Addressing this issue not only enhances the user experience by making email management more efficient within Excel but also leverages the full potential of Excel's automation capabilities. By streamlining these processes, users can focus more on their core tasks, knowing that their communication needs are handled efficiently and effectively.

Command	Description
CreateObject("Outlook.Application")	Creates an instance of Outlook Application, allowing VBA to control Outlook.
.CreateItem(0)	Creates a new email item.
.Display	Displays the email item to the user in Outlook.
.To, .CC, .BCC	Specifies the recipient(s) of the email in the To, CC, and BCC fields.
.Subject	Defines the subject of the email.
.Body	Sets the body content of the email.
.Send	Sends the email item.

Expanding Email Automation with Excel VBA

Delving deeper into the integration of Excel VBA for email automation unveils a powerful toolset at the disposal of users aiming to streamline their communication workflows directly from their spreadsheets. This capability is not just about sending basic emails; it's about creating a highly personalized and dynamic communication channel. Through VBA, Excel can interact with Outlook to manipulate various aspects of email creation, from adding attachments to customizing the email body with data directly sourced from the spreadsheet. This level of automation can significantly enhance productivity, especially for those dealing with customer inquiries, periodic reports, or regular updates that require personalization based on spreadsheet data.
Moreover, the automation process extends to handling responses. By automating email operations, users can set up rules within Outlook to sort incoming emails based on specific criteria, such as sender, subject, or keywords. This can be particularly useful for managing feedback or responses to the emails sent through Excel VBA. Such automation ensures that the workflow is not just one-way but creates a loop of communication that is both efficient and manageable. Implementing these advanced features requires a good understanding of both Excel VBA and Outlook's capabilities, highlighting the importance of integrating these powerful tools to maximize efficiency and effectiveness in professional communication.

Automating Outlook Emails from Excel VBA

VBA in Excel

 Dim outlookApp As Object Dim mailItem As Object Set outlookApp = CreateObject("Outlook.Application") Set mailItem = outlookApp.CreateItem(0) With mailItem .Display .To = "recipient@example.com" .CC = "ccrecipient@example.com" .BCC = "bccrecipient@example.com" .Subject = "Subject of the Email" .Body = "Body of the email" ' Add attachments and other email item properties here End With End Sub 

Enhancing Communication through Excel VBA

Integrating email automation within Excel using Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) significantly boosts the efficiency of communication processes, particularly in professional settings where time is of the essence. This integration allows for seamless creation, customization, and sending of emails directly from Excel, leveraging data within spreadsheets to personalize messages. The automation goes beyond mere convenience, enabling users to send bulk emails tailored to each recipient, schedule emails for future delivery, and even trigger emails based on specific events or conditions met within the spreadsheet. Such capabilities are invaluable for marketing campaigns, customer service follow-ups, and internal communication within organizations, ensuring that the right messages reach the right people at the right time.
Furthermore, Excel VBA's email automation can be enhanced with advanced features such as dynamic attachment inclusion, where files relevant to the spreadsheet's data or analysis are automatically attached to the outgoing emails. Users can also implement error handling to manage issues that may arise during the email sending process, such as invalid email addresses or network problems, ensuring that all communications are delivered successfully. With these advanced functionalities, Excel VBA becomes not just a tool for data management but a comprehensive solution for managing professional communications, reducing manual effort, and increasing the reliability and effectiveness of email interactions.

FAQs on Email Automation with Excel VBA

1. Question: Can Excel VBA send emails without Outlook?
2. Answer: Typically, Excel VBA uses Outlook for email automation, but it's possible to send emails via other email clients or SMTP servers with additional scripting and configuration.
3. Question: How do I attach files to an automated email in Excel VBA?
4. Answer: Use the .Attachments.Add method within your VBA script to attach files to your email. You can specify the file path directly in the code.
5. Question: Can I automate emails based on cell values in Excel?
6. Answer: Yes, by using VBA scripts, you can trigger email sending based on specific cell values or changes in the data within your spreadsheet.
7. Question: How do I ensure my automated emails are not marked as spam?
8. Answer: Ensure your emails have a clear subject line, avoid excessive links or attachments, and send emails through recognized email servers. Personalization can also help reduce the risk of being marked as spam.
9. Question: Is it possible to send HTML formatted emails with Excel VBA?
10. Answer: Yes, you can set the .HTMLBody property of the MailItem object to send emails in HTML format, allowing for rich text formatting, images, and links.
11. Question: Can automated emails include dynamic data from Excel?
12. Answer: Absolutely. You can dynamically insert data from your Excel sheets into the email's body or subject line, customizing each message based on the spreadsheet's contents.
13. Question: How do I schedule emails to be sent at a later time using Excel VBA?
14. Answer: Direct scheduling within VBA is complex; however, you can create the email and then use Outlook's Delay Delivery feature to specify a sending time.
15. Question: Can I send emails to multiple recipients using Excel VBA?
16. Answer: Yes, you can list multiple email addresses in the .To, .CC, or .BCC properties, separated by semicolons, to send emails to multiple recipients.
17. Question: How do I handle errors during the email sending process in VBA?
18. Answer: Implement error handling routines in your VBA script to catch and respond to errors, such as using Try...Catch blocks or checking for specific error codes.
19. Question: Is it necessary to have programming knowledge to automate emails with Excel VBA?
20. Answer: Basic programming knowledge is helpful for customizing and troubleshooting your VBA scripts, but many resources and templates are available to help beginners.

Mastering Excel VBA for Efficient Email Management

Excel VBA's email automation presents a transformative approach to managing communications, allowing users to leverage the powerful features of Excel to streamline their email-related tasks. By integrating VBA scripts, professionals can automate the sending of personalized emails, manage attachments, and even handle incoming responses, all within the familiar environment of Excel. This not only saves valuable time but also reduces the risk of errors associated with manual email handling. Furthermore, the ability to customize email content based on spreadsheet data ensures that communications are relevant and timely. As we continue to seek efficiencies in our professional workflows, the role of Excel VBA in automating and enhancing email communications cannot be overstated. It represents a significant step forward in how we manage data-driven communication, providing a robust toolset for professionals looking to optimize their email workflows and enhance their productivity.
https://www.tempmail.us.com/en/excel/automating-email-operations-in-excel-with-vba

So,basically it happened when I was in second semester.There was a girl who used to stare at me during lectures and there were various moments when we had a eye contact but I used to ignore that thing.Then things started to escalate when she started saying hello to me when I was with my friends.So, my friends suggested me to go and talk to her.So I gathered my confidence and approached her.She interacted with me but left very soon.Later that day she sent me Instagram request and we started having conversation about random things(politics, studies etc).
She knew I was good in academics so she asked for help and as a human being I helped her and then after this we were talking 1-1.5 hrs daily on phone and when I didn't saw her message she used to call me continuously(One time she called me 7 times in interval of 3-4 mins) and every time she would ask me that if I am okay or has she committed some mistake that is why I am ignoring her.She used to ask for my suggestions for every thing.
Then we started going to library,where I used to teach her on the expense of my own academics but I didn't cared.Things were going well. She became a support system for me.We used to go on walks etc. She appreciated my physique (I go to gym).
But things started going downhill on June 3rd,it was her birthday and she didn't invite me,I thought she might be busy with her friends but foolish me called her and asked that am I just for her academic support!She denied and said that she wanted to give me party alone and I said I don't want a party from you .Things were not going well, we didn't called each other much.
Fast forward to 16th June ,I was working on my project and it was around 3 in the morning and she texted me that his boyfriend is asking about you,My heart fell down and I just replied her it's your matter and you have to answer it but she insisted me to tell something to reply him.. Then I wrote a long paragraph in which I said I don't want to become a barrier between both of you.I trusted you but you betrayed me and used me. I wish you all the best and please don't try to text me again.. then she started spamming that sorry,I know it's my mistake. Don't leave me blah blah... I didn't reacted to her messages. Then I went to my bed and it was around 4:30 AM, I am having project submission at 9:00 AM and after 2 days I am having my end semester exams. I tried to sleep but after 1 hour, I woke up and was feeling heavy, I called my friend and told him that everything thing is over and I broke down. Then he and one more friend of mine came running to my room and took me to the balcony and consoled me and told me that don't be sad..
Then afterwards I gathered myself and went for the project evaluation,it went good but I was feeling a void. Then in the evening she texted me again asking me that If I am angry because of her.. my friends suggested me not to reply so I didn't reply.. But the night before the exams she texted me asking for the solutions of worksheets, I didn't send her.Then she called with a different number.But then again she started spamming. Then I texted her that I want to meet and want to end everything, she came and I gave her a short reality check and saw her tears rolling down her cheeks,I again said that please don't cry etc etc.... So I gave my exams and went home.
Again on July 2nd she texted me that I met with an accident and broke my hand. I replied take care. She said are you still angry with me,please give me a chance I want to normalise everything but I asked why should I give you a second chance which she didn't bother to reply.
Now fast forward to 4th semester, everything is going fine(My CG is 9.0) but now again she is staring at me and is trying to initiate a conversation but I ignore her completely but deep down I also want to initiate a conversation again. So what should I do? Kindly guide me!!
Thank You :⁠-⁠D

dsaihfijweof
```
Sub Find_String() Dim shp As Shape Dim obj As Object Dim obj1 As Object Dim Shape_Name() As String Dim Sheet_Name() As String Dim target_Char As String Dim i As Integer Dim j As Integer Dim wb As Workbook Dim ws As Worksheet Set wb = ActiveWorkbook

target_Char = "abcd" idx1 = 1 idx2 = 1 ReDim Shape_Name(1 To idx1) ReDim Sheet_Name(1 To idx2) For Each ws In wb.Worksheets Result_Path = ThisWorkbook.Path For Each obj1 In ActiveSheet.Shapes On Error Resume Next If TypeName(obj1) = "DrawingObjects" Then For Each obj In obj1 If TypeName(obj) <> "GroupObject" Then On Error Resume Next If InStr(obj.Text, target_Char) > 0 Then Shape_Name(idx1) = obj.Name Sheet_Name(idx2) = ws.Name idx1 = idx1 + 1 idx2 = idx2 + 1 ReDim Preserve Shape_Name(1 To idx1) ReDim Preserve Sheet_Name(1 To idx2) End If ElseIf TypeName(obj) = "GroupObject" Then For Each shp In obj.ShapeRange.GroupItems On Error Resume Next If InStr(shp.TextFrame.Characters.Text, target_Char) > 0 Then Shape_Name(idx1) = shp.Name Sheet_Name(idx2) = ws.Name idx1 = idx1 + 1 idx2 = idx2 + 1 ReDim Preserve Shape_Name(1 To idx1) ReDim Preserve Sheet_Name(1 To idx2) End If Next shp End If Next obj ElseIf TypeName(obj1) <> "GroupObject" Then ''If TypeName(obj1) <> "GroupObject" Then If InStr(obj1.Text, target_Char) > 0 Then Shape_Name(idx1) = obj.Name Sheet_Name(idx2) = ws.Name idx1 = idx1 + 1 idx2 = idx2 + 1 ReDim Preserve Shape_Name(1 To idx1) ReDim Preserve Sheet_Name(1 To idx2) End If ElseIf TypeName(obj1) = "GroupObject" Then For Each shp In obj1.ShapeRange.GroupItems On Error Resume Next If InStr(shp.TextFrame.Characters.Text, target_Char) > 0 Then Shape_Name(idx1) = shp.Name Sheet_Name(idx2) = ws.Name idx1 = idx1 + 1 idx2 = idx2 + 1 ReDim Preserve Shape_Name(1 To idx1) ReDim Preserve Sheet_Name(1 To idx2) End If Next shp End If Next obj1 Next ws Dim xlApp As Object Dim xlWB As Object Dim wb1 As Workbook Set xlApp = CreateObject("Excel.Application") Set xlWB = xlApp.Workbooks.Add Current_Date = Format(Date, "ddmmyyyy") Current_Time = Format(Now, "hhmmss") xlWB.SaveAs Result_Path & "\Result_" & (Current_Date) & "_" & (Current_Time) & ".xlsx" Set wb1 = Workbooks.Open(Result_Path & "\Result_" & (Current_Date) & "_" & (Current_Time) & ".xlsx") For i = LBound(Shape_Name) To UBound(Shape_Name) wb1.Sheets("Sheet1").Cells(i, 1).Value = Shape_Name(i) Next i For i = LBound(Sheet_Name) To UBound(Sheet_Name) wb1.Sheets("Sheet1").Cells(i, 2).Value = Sheet_Name(i) Next i 

End Sub
```

So,basically it happened when I was in second semester.There was a girl who used to stare at me during lectures and there were various moments when we had a eye contact but I used to ignore that thing.Then things started to escalate when she started saying hello to me when I was with my friends.So, my friends suggested me to go and talk to her.So I gathered my confidence and approached her.She interacted with me but left very soon.Later that day she sent me Instagram request and we started having conversation about random things(politics, studies etc). She knew I was good in academics so she asked for help and as a human being I helped her and then after this we were talking 1-1.5 hrs daily on phone and when I didn't saw her message she used to call me continuously(One time she called me 7 times in interval of 3-4 mins) and every time she would ask me that if I am okay or has she committed some mistake that is why I am ignoring her.She used to ask for my suggestions for every thing.Then we started going to library,where I used to teach her on the expense of my own academics but I didn't cared.Things were going well. She became a support system for me.We used to go on walks etc. She appreciated my physique (I go to gym).But things started going downhill on June 3rd,it was her birthday and she didn't invite me,I thought she might be busy with her friends but foolish me called her and asked that am I just for her academic support!She denied and said that she wanted to give me party alone and I said I don't want a party from you .Things were not going well, we didn't called each other much. Fast forward to 16th June ,I was working on my project and it was around 3 in the morning and she texted me that his boyfriend is asking about you,My heart fell down and I just replied her it's your matter and you have to answer it but she insisted me to tell something to reply him.. Then I wrote a long paragraph in which I said I don't want to become a barrier between both of you.I trusted you but you betrayed me and used me. I wish you all the best and please don't try to text me again.. then she started spamming that sorry,I know it's my mistake. Don't leave me blah blah... I didn't reacted to her messages. Then I went to my bed and it was around 4:30 AM, I am having project submission at 9:00 AM and after 2 days I am having my end semester exams. I tried to sleep but after 1 hour, I woke up and was feeling heavy, I called my friend and told him that everything thing is over and I broke down. Then he and one more friend of mine came running to my room and took me to the balcony and consoled me and told me that don't be sad.. Then afterwards I gathered myself and went for the project evaluation,it went good but I was feeling a void. Then in the evening she texted me again asking me that If I am angry because of her.. my friends suggested me not to reply so I didn't reply.. But the night before the exams she texted me asking for the solutions of worksheets, I didn't send her.Then she called with a different number.But then again she started spamming. Then I texted her that I want to meet and want to end everything, she came and I gave her a short reality check and saw her tears rolling down her cheeks,I again said that please don't cry etc etc.... So I gave my exams and went home. Again on July 2nd she texted me that I met with an accident and broke my hand. I replied take care. She said are you still angry with me,please give me a chance I want to normalise everything but I asked why should I give you a second chance which she didn't bother to reply. Now fast forward to 4th semester, everything is going fine(My CG is 9.0) but now again she is staring at me and is trying to initiate a conversation but I ignore her completely but deep down I also want to initiate a conversation again. So what should I do? Kindly guide me!! Thank You :⁠-⁠D

The War Scroll, also known as the "War of the Sons of Light Against the Sons of Darkness," is a unique text within the Dead Sea Scrolls that portrays an apocalyptic battle between the forces of good (Sons of Light) and evil (Sons of Darkness). This scroll provides insight into both historical and symbolic elements.
Historical Accuracy:
The War Scroll, while containing detailed military tactics and an epic narrative of the ultimate confrontation, doesn't explicitly reference any specific historical event or timeframe. Some scholars believe it could be a product of the community's anticipation of a future messianic conflict or a reflection of their own community's struggles against opposing forces during their time. Interpreting the historical accuracy of the scroll often involves exploring the context of the Qumran community and the turbulent times in which they lived.
Symbolism and Esoteric Wisdom:
The War Scroll goes beyond a mere description of a physical battle. It portrays a cosmic conflict between the forces of light and darkness, reflecting not just a literal warfare but also a symbolic and spiritual struggle. The text emphasizes righteousness, divine intervention, and the victory of good over evil.
Within the study guide, activities and exercises could involve dissecting the symbolic elements present in the War Scroll, exploring the deeper meanings behind the battle tactics and the metaphysical implications of the conflict. Understanding the symbolism could involve group discussions, comparative analysis with other ancient texts with similar themes, and exploring the impact of this symbolic representation on the community's beliefs and practices.
Here are a few activities and exercises to explore the symbolism and historical context of the War Scroll from the Dead Sea Scrolls:

1. Symbolism Analysis:

Provide excerpts from the War Scroll and encourage participants to identify and discuss the symbolic meanings behind elements like the "Sons of Light" and the "Sons of Darkness," various weapons, and the strategies outlined for battle. Group discussions or written reflections can help participants explore the deeper layers of meaning.

1. Comparative Analysis:

Compare the War Scroll's themes with similar apocalyptic or eschatological texts from different cultures or religions, such as apocalyptic passages in the Book of Revelation in the Christian Bible or apocalyptic texts from other ancient traditions. Create worksheets or discussion prompts to highlight similarities and differences in themes, symbols, and beliefs about cosmic battles.

1. Historical Context Exploration:

Present historical information about the era when the Dead Sea Scrolls were written. Discuss the political, social, and religious climate of that time, including the turmoil in the region, to understand how these factors might have influenced the composition of the War Scroll. Encourage participants to consider the possible motivations behind the text's creation.

1. Creative Interpretation:

Encourage creative expression by asking participants to create artwork, poems, or short stories inspired by the themes and imagery found in the War Scroll. This exercise allows individuals to engage more deeply with the symbolic elements and interpret them in their own unique ways.

1. Role-playing or Debates:
   Organize a role-playing activity where participants take on the roles of "Sons of Light" and "Sons of Darkness," debating their ideologies, motivations, and strategies for the ultimate battle. This exercise helps in understanding differing perspectives and interpreting the conflicts presented in the scroll.
   

Interpretative variations regarding the river's crossing in different ancient texts reflect the unique religious, philosophical, and cultural perspectives embedded within these narratives. These differences in interpretation offer insights into diverse worldviews and varying theological frameworks present in ancient texts:

1. Mesopotamian Context:

• In Mesopotamian mythology and literature, the Euphrates River often held symbolic significance as a boundary between the known civilized world and the wild, unknown realms. The crossing of the Euphrates could symbolize journeys into unexplored territories or transitions between order and chaos. This perspective reflects a worldview rooted in the physical and geographical division of lands.

1. Biblical Context:

• In biblical texts, such as those in the Book of Revelation or Old Testament prophecies, the crossing of the Euphrates carries eschatological significance. It may represent a divine intervention or a decisive moment in God's plan, marking the commencement of apocalyptic events. This interpretation aligns with the biblical narrative of divine judgment and the unfolding of God's ultimate purpose in history.

1. Gnostic or Apocryphal Context:

• Gnostic or apocryphal texts often interpret the river's crossing as a symbolic liberation or awakening. It might signify the release of spiritual forces or the ascent to higher consciousness, reflecting a philosophical perspective emphasizing spiritual enlightenment and liberation from material constraints.

1. Greco-Roman Interpretation:

• In Greco-Roman literature, crossings of rivers were often associated with mythological journeys or transitions between realms. The crossing of the Euphrates might symbolize a transition from mundane existence to a realm of mystery or spiritual significance, reflecting a cultural perspective rooted in mythology and cosmology.

These varied interpretations highlight the richness and diversity of religious, philosophical, and cultural frameworks present in ancient texts. The river's crossing serves as a flexible symbol that adapts to different narratives, conveying themes of transition, judgment, liberation, or cosmic transformation based on the unique perspectives of each tradition.
Exploring these interpretative variations allows participants to appreciate the complexity of symbolism within ancient texts and provides insights into how different cultures and belief systems interpreted common motifs like the river Euphrates. It showcases the intricate interplay between religious, philosophical, and cultural elements shaping the symbolism and theological implications embedded in these narratives.
The river Euphrates, a prominent geographic feature in ancient texts, embodies universal themes that transcend specific cultural contexts. Identifying these universal themes helps reveal shared human concepts of transition, boundaries, and transformative events across diverse ancient traditions:

1. Threshold and Transition:

• The Euphrates often symbolizes a boundary between known and unknown territories. Its crossing represents a transition from one state to another, signifying a pivotal moment of change or passage. This theme of crossing a threshold echoes the human experience of transitions in life, moving from familiar to unfamiliar realms.

1. Boundary and Separation:

• As a geographical boundary, the Euphrates signifies separation between distinct territories or civilizations. This concept of demarcation resonates with universal human experiences of setting boundaries, delineating spaces, or marking divisions between different aspects of life.

1. Transformative Events:

• Crossing the Euphrates is often associated with cosmic or transformative events in ancient texts. This universal theme reflects the human fascination with the concept of epochal change, cosmic upheavals, or moments of divine intervention that reshape the course of history.

1. Symbol of Power and Control:

• The river might represent a symbol of power, control, or geopolitical significance. Crossing it could signify shifts in dominance, challenges to established authority, or the assertion of influence. This theme resonates with human narratives of power struggles and shifts in societal dynamics.

1. Metaphor for Spiritual Journeys:

• Across cultures, rivers are often used metaphorically to represent spiritual journeys or quests. The crossing of the Euphrates might symbolize the pursuit of enlightenment, the passage to higher realms of understanding, or the quest for spiritual transformation.

These universal themes associated with the river Euphrates highlight fundamental aspects of the human experience—transitions, boundaries, transformative events, power dynamics, and spiritual journeys. The river's symbolism in ancient texts speaks to shared human aspirations, struggles, and beliefs that transcend cultural boundaries and resonate across different epochs and civilizations.
By identifying and discussing these universal themes, participants gain a deeper appreciation for the profound symbolism embedded in ancient texts and recognize the timeless relevance of concepts such as transition, boundaries, and transformative events in shaping human narratives and aspirations.

1. Historical Context:

• What historical events or societal conditions might have influenced the composition of the War Scroll?
  
• How does the historical context of the Dead Sea Scrolls' discovery contribute to our understanding of this text's significance?
  

1. Symbolism and Esoteric Wisdom:

• How does the War Scroll use symbolism to convey spiritual or cosmic themes?
  
• What esoteric wisdom or deeper spiritual insights can be derived from the portrayal of cosmic conflict and divine intervention within the text?
  

1. Comparative Analysis:

• Compare the themes and symbolism of the War Scroll with other apocalyptic texts from different cultures (e.g., Book of Revelation, The Book of Daniel). What common motifs or differences in interpretation do you observe?

1. Parallelism in Biblical Texts:

• Explore connections between the War Scroll and other biblical texts. How does the language, imagery, or themes in the War Scroll intersect with passages from the Hebrew Bible or New Testament?

1. Community Beliefs and Practices:

• How might the apocalyptic expectations depicted in the War Scroll have influenced the beliefs and practices of the community that produced it?
  
• Discuss the impact of such intense anticipation of cosmic conflict on communal life and religious rituals within the community.
  

1. Cultural Significance of Cosmic Battles:

• Across various ancient cultures, why do you think depictions of cosmic battles and eschatological events were significant? What might these narratives represent in a broader cultural context?

1. Interpretive Variations and Unique Perspectives:

• Explore the diverse interpretations of specific passages or symbols within the War Scroll. How do different scholars or traditions interpret these elements, and what underlying factors might influence their interpretations?

1. Personal Reflection and Modern Relevance:

• Reflect on how the themes of cosmic conflict, righteousness, and spiritual warfare in the War Scroll might resonate in contemporary society or personal belief systems.

1. Theological and Philosophical Implications:

• Discuss the theological and philosophical implications of a cosmic battle between forces of light and darkness. How does this theme intersect with broader philosophical inquiries or theological doctrines?

1. Literary and Symbolic Analysis:

- Analyze the narrative structure and symbolic elements present in specific passages of the War Scroll. How do these elements contribute to the text's overarching themes and meanings? 

These study questions aim to provoke critical thinking, promote in-depth exploration of themes, encourage comparative analysis, and stimulate discussions on the multifaceted nature of the War Scroll's content and its significance within ancient and contemporary contexts.

1. Archaeological and Linguistic Analysis:

- How does the physical condition of the Dead Sea Scrolls, including the War Scroll, impact our understanding of their preservation and historical context? - Discuss the linguistic peculiarities or unique textual features found within the War Scroll and their implications for translation and interpretation. 

1. Apocalyptic Expectations and Messianic Concepts:

- Explore the portrayal of messianic figures or anticipated saviors within the War Scroll. How do these concepts align with or diverge from contemporary expectations of a messianic figure in other ancient texts or religious traditions? 

1. Impact of Apocalyptic Literature:

- Analyze the enduring influence of apocalyptic literature, such as the War Scroll, on subsequent religious, literary, or cultural traditions. How have these texts shaped later beliefs or inspired artistic and literary works? 

1. Ethical and Moral Frameworks:

- Discuss the ethical or moral implications of the cosmic conflict depicted in the War Scroll. How do the themes of righteousness and wickedness contribute to the text's underlying moral framework? 

1. Role of Prophecy and Revelation:

- Explore the role of prophecy and revelation within the War Scroll. How do the prophetic elements contribute to the text's portrayal of future events and cosmic justice? 

1. Experiential and Ritualistic Elements:

- Investigate potential ritualistic or experiential dimensions associated with the teachings or beliefs conveyed in the War Scroll. How might the community have engaged with these teachings in their religious practices or communal activities? 

1. Literary Genre and Interpretation:

- Discuss the classification of the War Scroll within the broader genre of apocalyptic literature. How does its classification influence our understanding and interpretation of its themes and symbolic elements? 

1. Relevance in Modern Scholarship:

- Reflect on the ongoing scholarly debates or discoveries related to the War Scroll. How have modern interpretations evolved, and what implications do these new perspectives have on our understanding of the text? 

1. Intersection of Faith and Scholarship:

- Consider the interplay between faith-based interpretations and scholarly analyses of the War Scroll. How might religious convictions or theological frameworks influence academic research and vice versa? 

1. Future Research and Interpretative Avenues:

- Propose potential avenues for future research or areas of exploration concerning the War Scroll. What unanswered questions or unexplored aspects merit further investigation? 

The composition of the War Scroll, along with other Dead Sea Scrolls, was likely influenced by several historical events and societal conditions prevalent during the time of its writing, which is estimated to be between the 2nd century BCE and the 1st century CE:

1. Hellenistic Rule and Cultural Influence:

• The region where the Dead Sea Scrolls were found was under Hellenistic influence due to the conquests of Alexander the Great and the subsequent control by the Seleucid Empire. This era saw a clash between Hellenistic culture and Jewish traditions, leading to cultural tensions and a desire to preserve religious and cultural heritage.

1. Political Turmoil and Resistance Movements:

• The Jewish people experienced political unrest, particularly during the Maccabean Revolt against Seleucid rule. This period was characterized by resistance movements, attempts to preserve Jewish identity, and fervent anticipation of a messianic figure to deliver them from foreign oppression.

1. Religious Sects and Spiritual Expectations:

• Various religious sects existed within Judaism, each with its own interpretations and expectations of messianic redemption, purity laws, and theological doctrines. The community associated with the Dead Sea Scrolls, often believed to be the Essenes, likely had distinctive theological beliefs and a strong apocalyptic worldview.

1. Anticipation of Cosmic Redemption:

• There was a widespread belief in the imminent arrival of a messianic figure or a divine intervention that would bring about cosmic redemption, ushering in an era of righteousness and divine rule. This anticipation of apocalyptic events and a cosmic battle between forces of light and darkness is reflected in the War Scroll's themes.

Regarding the historical context of the Dead Sea Scrolls' discovery, its significance lies in multiple facets:

1. Preservation of Ancient Texts:

• The discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls, including the War Scroll, provided an invaluable collection of ancient manuscripts that significantly expanded our understanding of ancient Jewish texts, religious beliefs, and the diversity of Jewish thought during the Second Temple period.

1. Insights into Jewish Sectarianism:

• The scrolls shed light on the diversity of beliefs and practices among Jewish sects during that time. Understanding the beliefs and expectations of the community associated with the Dead Sea Scrolls helps contextualize the theological and apocalyptic themes present in the War Scroll.

1. Confirmation of Scriptural Accuracy:

• The Dead Sea Scrolls' discovery contributed to confirming the accuracy and preservation of certain biblical texts, highlighting the continuity of textual transmission across centuries and supporting the authenticity of biblical manuscripts.

1. Impact on Biblical Studies and Scholarship:

• The discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls revolutionized biblical studies, providing scholars with invaluable primary sources for studying ancient Judaism, the development of biblical texts, and the context in which these texts were composed.

The historical context of political upheaval, religious expectations, and the preservation of texts within the Dead Sea Scrolls contributes significantly to understanding the milieu in which the War Scroll was written. It provides a backdrop against which the themes of cosmic conflict, eschatological anticipation, and religious fervor within the War Scroll can be comprehended.

Streamlining Communication with Excel Automation

Excel's versatility extends beyond mere data organization and analysis; it also serves as a powerful tool for automating routine tasks, including sending emails. For professionals and teams relying on Excel for project management or tracking, the ability to automate email notifications based on specific triggers—like a selection from a dropdown menu—can significantly enhance efficiency. This functionality not only saves time but also ensures that critical updates or reminders are communicated instantly, reducing the risk of oversight. Imagine a scenario where project statuses or task assignments are updated in a spreadsheet, and corresponding notifications are automatically dispatched to the relevant stakeholders. This level of automation streamlines communication and keeps everyone aligned on the latest developments.
The process of setting up such automation involves writing and modifying VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) code within Excel. VBA allows for a high degree of customization, enabling users to define specific conditions—such as the selection of a particular option from a dropdown list—under which an email is sent. This can be particularly useful in scenarios where different team members or departments are responsible for various tasks or stages of a project. By customizing the VBA script, Excel can be configured to send emails to designated recipients based on the selected dropdown option, ensuring that the right people receive the right information at the right time. This introduction will guide you through the fundamental steps of modifying your Excel VBA code to automate email notifications, tailored to specific dropdown selections.

Command/Function	Description
CreateObject("Outlook.Application")	Creates an Outlook application instance for sending emails.
.AddItem	Adds a new item, such as an email, to the Outlook application.
.To	Specifies the recipient's email address.
.Subject	Defines the subject line of the email.
.Body	Sets the main text content of the email.
.Send	Sends the email.
Worksheet_Change(ByVal Target As Range)	Event procedure that triggers when changes are made to a worksheet.

Enhancing Excel with VBA for Email Automation

Automating email notifications based on dropdown selections in Excel is a transformative approach that leverages the power of VBA (Visual Basic for Applications). VBA, an integral part of Excel, allows for the creation of custom scripts that can interact with the data stored in spreadsheets in dynamic ways. By utilizing VBA, users can set up automated processes that react to changes within the spreadsheet, such as sending emails when a specific option is selected from a dropdown menu. This capability is particularly beneficial in environments where timely communication is crucial, such as project management, sales tracking, or customer service inquiries. Through the automation of such tasks, businesses and individuals can enhance their productivity, reduce manual errors, and ensure that vital information is disseminated promptly and to the appropriate recipients.
The implementation of email automation via VBA involves a few key steps: defining the trigger (e.g., a change in a cell containing a dropdown menu), crafting the email content, and specifying the recipient based on the selected dropdown option. This process often requires a basic understanding of VBA programming concepts, such as variables, control structures (if-then-else statements), and the use of the Outlook application object for sending emails. By customizing the VBA script to fit specific needs, users can create a highly efficient workflow that automates the process of sending out customized email messages. This not only streamlines communication but also significantly enhances the operational efficiency of using Excel for managing projects, tracking tasks, or handling any process that benefits from automated email notifications.

Automating Email Dispatch Based on Dropdown Selection

VBA in Microsoft Excel

Dim OutlookApp As Object Dim MItem As Object Set OutlookApp = CreateObject("Outlook.Application") Set MItem = OutlookApp.CreateItem(0) With MItem .To = "email@example.com" ' Adjust based on dropdown selection .Subject = "Important Update" .Body = "This is an automated message." .Send End With Private Sub Worksheet_Change(ByVal Target As Range) If Not Intersect(Target, Me.Range("DropdownCell")) Is Nothing Then Call SendEmailBasedOnDropdown(Target.Value) End If 

Optimizing Workflow with Excel VBA Email Automation

Utilizing VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) to automate email notifications in Excel based on dropdown menu selections represents a significant leap in operational efficiency. This advanced feature of Excel allows users to create highly customized email workflows that can automatically respond to data changes within a spreadsheet. For instance, in a project management scenario, an update to a project's status in a dropdown menu can trigger an email notification to a project manager or team member. This not only ensures that all stakeholders are kept informed in real-time but also greatly reduces the manual effort required in communication processes. Such automation can be tailored to fit various business processes, from customer feedback loops to inventory management, making it an invaluable tool for enhancing productivity.
The process of integrating VBA for email automation involves accessing the developer tools in Excel, writing a script that captures changes in dropdown selections, and using Outlook or another email client for dispatching messages. This requires a foundational understanding of programming concepts and familiarity with Excel and email client interfaces. Nevertheless, once set up, this automation framework can dramatically streamline communication channels, ensuring that the right information reaches the right people at the right time. By leveraging Excel's powerful VBA capabilities, businesses and individuals can transform their data management practices into a more dynamic, responsive, and efficient system.

FAQs on Excel VBA Email Automation

1. Question: What is VBA in Excel?
2. Answer: VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) is a programming language provided by Excel for users to write custom scripts for automating tasks within Excel itself.
3. Question: Can Excel send emails automatically?
4. Answer: Yes, by using VBA scripts, Excel can automate the process of sending emails, allowing for dynamic communication based on spreadsheet actions.
5. Question: Do I need any additional software to send emails from Excel?
6. Answer: Typically, you would need Microsoft Outlook or a similar email client that can interface with Excel through VBA to send emails.
7. Question: How can I trigger an email to send from a dropdown selection in Excel?
8. Answer: You can write a VBA script that monitors changes in a specific cell containing a dropdown menu and triggers an email when a certain option is selected.
9. Question: Is it possible to customize the email content based on the dropdown selection?
10. Answer: Absolutely. The VBA script can be designed to customize the email's content, subject, and recipient based on the selected dropdown option.
11. Question: Do I need advanced programming skills to set up email automation in Excel?
12. Answer: Basic understanding of VBA and programming concepts is sufficient to start with simple email automation tasks, though more complex workflows may require advanced knowledge.
13. Question: Can automated emails include attachments?
14. Answer: Yes, VBA scripts can be configured to attach files stored on your computer or network to the automated emails.
15. Question: How secure is sending emails through Excel VBA?
16. Answer: While Excel VBA itself is secure, it's important to ensure that your email client settings and network security are appropriately configured to protect sensitive information.
17. Question: Can I send emails to multiple recipients based on dropdown selections?
18. Answer: Yes, the VBA script can be set up to send emails to multiple recipients, either by including them in the same email or sending individual emails based on the selection.

Empowering Efficiency and Communication with Excel VBA

As we delve into the intricacies of using Excel's VBA for email automation, it becomes clear that this feature stands as a powerful tool for enhancing operational efficiency and communication within various business processes. The ability to send automated emails based on specific conditions, such as dropdown selections, not only streamlines the dissemination of information but also minimizes the potential for human error. This level of automation supports a proactive approach to project management and customer engagement, ensuring that stakeholders are timely and accurately informed. Furthermore, the adaptability of VBA scripts allows for a high degree of customization, making it possible to tailor the automated email notifications to meet the unique needs of any project or organization. Embracing this technology can lead to significant improvements in productivity, collaboration, and overall workflow management. As such, mastering Excel VBA for email automation emerges as a valuable skill for anyone looking to optimize their use of Excel for more effective communication strategies.
https://www.tempmail.us.com/en/excel/automating-email-notifications-in-excel-based-on-dropdown-selections

Hi, I've been thinking about this question and would like some outside opinions because I feel like I have to be missing something. I also don't want to ask a bunch of coworkers and come off as dissing the teacher.
I'm a teacher aide in two second grade classrooms in a Choice private school. I did go to school to be a teacher. I completed everything except one 10 week student teaching (but I made up the credits and graduated). I've worked at those school for about 3.5 years. 1.5 were spent with K4. This is my second year in 2nd grade.
Backstory: My one teacher is chronically absent. She is being forced to retire after this school year. Her back and legs are causing hee so much pain she can't come to school and work. I've been the only constant presence for these kids these last 6 months. My teacher has only been a full time teacher her for about 7 years. She subbed for a lot of her life. I end up teaching a lot, although it's been awesome having subs on most days as of late. I take care of most of the stuff in the classroom and come in early and stay late to try to make sure everything is as it should be.
She basically doesn't use the school's science or English curriculum. We have a new math curriculum (we used to use Saxon until we couldn't get any more physical books. Now we have Math Expressions), but she doesn't teach it as intended. She doesn't use a lot of the materials that came with it.
For English, our school uses Shirely which is what I grew up with. The student books are still in storage. The student workbook are in their desks, unused. They have only used the sentence books, but she doesn't teach it the Shirely way. These kids will go on to 3rd grade... behind. She thinks they have to master each part of speech before doing sentences. It never occurred to her that we could go through them... as a class. I never even knew where the TE book was until like a week ago. I'm not even convinced she knows how to do it. She uses tons of superteacher worksheets and random ones she finds online. Sometimes the answer key isn't right. Some of the stuff is confusing. Instead of using the Shirely songs and videos, she picks random stuff from on YouTube.
For science, she doesn't use the book. She prints off all these black and white packets that the kids frequently lose. Lots of repetitive questions. Everything is writing stuff out that frankly feels like wastes of time sometimes because by the time everyone has the answers down, a chunk of the kids are now talking, making noises, and distracting each other. Sometimes I don't even know what the question is asking either. Sometimes the answer isn't actually in the text (and it's not an opinion or inference question).
I've talked a little with one of subs (who taught in the upper grades for many years at the school), and she clearly thinks that not using the English curriculm is wrong. On the days she's there, it's like she makes it her mission to teach how they should be taught.
Math is now being taught by the other 2nd grade teacher. We are units behind with only a couple weeks left and won't be able to finish the book. There were too many days spent not doing lessons or using materials not from the curriculum (which they didn't master. They are still very much struggling).
I just don't understand. How do you not know where you NEED to be if at all possible? If you are picking random topics for science, how do you know you are meeting standards? All of this goes against everything I was taught in college. If the kids were thriving, I wouldn't be worried. They aren't though.
And FWIW, the other teacher doesn't use the curriculum for social studies either, and I can't say I understand. That retired teacher sub doesn't even agree with some of the stuff in these worksheets (like money being an example of scarcity).
I very much try to give people the benefit of the doubt. I naturally believe they know better than me, so I hate saying anything. Am I missing something or is/was my teacher just not great at teaching? She feels like the kind of teachers I grew up with in the 90s and early 00s, although my teachers were better I think. I understand supplementing with materials every once in a while... or if the book is missing a lot of stuff. But never using the curriculum and it's worksheets? Or using it only a quarter of the way so that it appears to confuse the kids so it must not work? To be clear, I've never heard them talk about the curriculum being awful or old or anything.
I'll say this because I feel like someone may ask, we don't have anyone in charge of curriculum or looking over lesson plans. They submit their block plans to the drive I think, but I'm pretty sure they aren't looked at.

https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1UMifrR60d-6tQ6LoxbaeXlqomaQcNP11FedeGvoOBec/gviz/tq?tq=SELECT A,B,C,D WHERE A CONTAINS "{str}" OR B CONTAINS "{str}"&tqx=out:html&headers=1 

table, tr { background-color: var(--v-ground-base) !important; color: var(--v-text-base) !important; } table, td { border: none !important; } tr[style^="font-weight: bold"] td { border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(var(--text-rgb), 0.4) !important; padding: 0 6px 3px !important; } tr:nth-child(even) { background-color: rgba(var(--text-rgb), 0.05) !important; } 

In recent years, the meaning of the idea of classrooms has become ambiguous - it could mean either traditional places, with the desks arranged orderly, blackboards, maps, and the conversations of the students that take place in the same location and face to face, or some online platform where teachers meeting their students and teaching the same subject classes. Right now, it is a new normal. Classrooms are not only meeting rooms, but rather they can be on our screens and people from different corners of the world interact from within their virtual space. This globalization of E-learning has revolutionized teaching methods as knowledge delivery and strategies have been transformed virtual classroom is a web-based teaching spaces where teachers & students can exchange, perform different types of activities, and anyway communicate with each other. As a result, the students can get access to really good teachers from any part of the planet for a lifetime as long as they both are connected to the internet with a steady connection. This can break down most of the common barriers to synchronous learning: the cost, distance, and also time.
Key features of virtual classrooms include:

• The video and audio conferences to allow the visual or aural responses of peers and teachers.
• Real-time text chat
• Cooperation via IWB input displays.
• Library for studying resources which done by using textbooks, games, exercises, templates, worksheets, and multimedia materials.
• Teacher interfaces and functions that could be used as instruments to direct and uplift minds.

An online class is, to a large extent, a replica of the actual classroom setting. Online whiteboard assists teachers in highlighting visually their ideas and demonstrating how working out samples in an interactive manner mirrors a physical classroom. Meanwhile, the library acts as a bedrock for teachers and allows them to tap into relevant supplementary materials. In addition, it provides an avenue for teachers and students to appreciate the same content.
Virtual classrooms provide several advantages over traditional classrooms:

• Without any constraints on the timing, location, or distance.
• Easier for both students and teachers to have access to the information they need.
• More particularly valuable to introverted people who used to be terrified of practicing language in front of others.
• Students can adopt their learning methodology and be ready for examinations, tests, or quizzes.
• Empowers students coming from different parts of the globe to attend the same lecturer and teach.
• Creates a platform of knowledge sharing that has no existing barrier for people of different professions and locations.

The advent of virtual classrooms requires teachers to partner with state-of-the-art technology systems that will provide students with contemporary methods of learning. Technology is already a reality and we should learn as soon as we can to take advantage of it in educational practices as it influences how people learn and interact with each other.
The international online education market has been anticipated to hit approximately $350 billion by 2025. One of the hallmarks of this revolution in educational technology is the virtual classroom which fosters human interaction that is lost in video-on-demand courses. A virtual classroom is all the more the space for online learning in the future. They provide a basic structure that levels the educational field on a global scale and promotes the accessibility of knowledge. Educators, who need to catch up with this transformation, will get the chance to use the cutting-edge tools that make learning a lot more fun for both students and teachers.

#talentserve #virtualclassrooms u/talentserve

We’re currently separated not yet divorced so there’s been no division of assets.
We separated about a year ago. Our relationship and marriage just continue to go downhill for years. We were sleeping in separate rooms for the last three years of our marriage. Intimacy was almost nonexistent. We were more roommates than anything else. Overtime, her controlling behavior became too much to handle. I tried to make it work recommended couples counseling, but she never took it seriously. She would blow up inconveniences like washing the clothes or being a few minutes late to a birthday party accuse me of doing these on purpose get a reaction from her, and constantly screaming at me for the kids passive aggressively’s texting me that she wants to separation or divorce. I have no reason to leave that there was anything like infidelity, and I don’t believe there. It it came to a point where I finally just accepted her request, and we separated.
What I thought was temporary seems to turn permanent. Initially, I moved in with my mom while things cool down she began restricting my time with the kids and eventually change the locks.
Here’s where we are today:
She gets to stay in the 3300 square-foot house with a $1000 mortgage payment. Well, I rent a three bedroom townhouse for $2400 a month. She keeps the minivan that I bought a couple years ago brand new for cash. Without her even asking, I sent $2000 a month to help with the kids, we have 50-50 custody.
But it wasn’t enough so I was serve papers today for child support.
What is wrong with these women? The whole system is set up against men.
Thanks for coming to my TEDTalk
————
Update:
We haven’t filed yet but will be in the coming weeks.
The state mediator worksheet on child support said my obligation is $3042 a month, I was just hoping for a reasonable compromise.
I have an attorney and we will be working through the assets at the divorce settlement.
I am in NC and the law states we have to be physically separated for a year before filling for divorce. It’s a pain in the ass.
I have kept every record of all the shit she’s pulled. The judge at the temporary custody hearing called her out on limiting access. I’m trying to play it cool now but she about to get a reckoning. It’s just frustrating.

This story was originally written July 2023.
You might have heard of me. I was a social media influencer for two years.
I know kids have “influencer” as one of their top professions these days, but for me it was all an accident, really. I uploaded a few YouTube videos back in 2019, in the summer I finished school. All I did was rant about movies. I had a few notes, not a full script, and just spouted off to my laptop camera about inaccurate science, bad casting choices, real nitpicky stuff. In about six months I’d got 200 subscribers.
I was at university then, and I mentioned my videos to some of my uni friends. They subbed and told their friends, and I got up to 1,000 sub by January 2020. My videos were only about ten minutes long, and I had nowhere near the views to monetise. I was making one a week, but not on any sort of schedule. It was just something I did when I was bored.
Then the pandemic hit. A lot of students here in England basically got locked into their halls of residence (that’s dorms for any Americans reading), but I was lucky enough to get back to my parents’ before then. So I was doing what my uni laughably called “remote learning”, which basically meant a couple of video lectures a week, some worksheets, and lots and lots of my own research. I won’t bore you with the topic of my course; it’s not relevant.
I’m not exactly stereotypically pretty. I’ve come to accept that. My hair is stringy, my nose is too big, my face is profoundly asymmetrical, my complexion is strange and acned, my teeth are crooked … You get the idea. You can only do so much with makeup and hair that covers your face. I probably have fewer friends than I would if I looked like other people, and it actually took a lot of courage to make that first video - and even more courage to upload it.
I can only assume that’s the reason I went viral. It certainly wasn’t the high production values, or the tightly-written scripts, or the quality of my research. On the 9th of April I had 1,322 subscribers. On the 10th it was over 8,000. By the end of April it was up to 300,000, and I had actually monetised my channel.
The comments were … well, they were varied. Lots of hate because of my looks, but lots of love from people who just appreciated what I put out there, calling out others for their negative comments. I know many social media stars struggle with unkind comments, but I’d got used to it. Let’s be honest, they weren’t nice, but neither were they untrue. And comments under your video are easier to ignore than comments in the street. I was making decent money after all. If you were one of those commenters, you know which side you were on, and I love you either way. Thanks for the engagement - it’s not easy to gain financially from your unusual appearance!
The trouble with going viral is that it doesn’t last. Competing in the fast-paced world of internet stardom takes a lot of effort. I started experimenting with other things - YouTube shorts, TikTok, Instagram, pretty much anything going. The format that turned out to work best was actually TikTok. I’d bought some skimpy outfits and did ridiculous little dances. I quickly reached over a thousand views per video, and while I wasn’t up to their creator tier, it still worked. A well-known cosmetics company asked to sponsor my videos.
Cosmetics! Me! I guess they were going for woke points or something. I didn’t care, they offered me more money than I knew what to do with, as long as my views stayed high. So I started making 2-minute videos. A dance without make-up, then I applied the make-up - being sure to show the brand name clear and up-close - and then the same dance with make-up. If this is ringing any bells with you, then yes - that was me. And no, stupid - that’s not my real name.
I’d got used to undesired attention of course. Along with the unpleasant comments, I got my fair share of unwelcome male approaches. For a few hours after any upload, about half of my DMs were from men, and some women (or men with female account names), asking to see more of me. I wasn’t a camgirl, though I suppose I wasn’t a million miles away from one; but I could have been. I did seriously consider it a few times, but never actually followed through.
And half of the rest of my DMs, and a good portion of the public comments, were from angry women. What made me think I had the right to show off like that? How could I bring their favourite cosmetics brand into disrepute? But I’ve got pretty thick skin (hey, I can make that joke, you can’t), and mostly laughed the comments off and ignored them.
That was, in hindsight, a mistake.
By September my uni was reopening for in-person teaching. I was working six or seven hours a day just to keep up with everything, and had a couple more brands sponsoring me. Being an influencer isn’t just about filming for ten minutes a day and watching the money come in!
So I was going to tutorials an hour a day, watching video lectures at 2x speed, and ignoring my assignments in favour of making videos and replying to messages. It’s not like my pointless degree was helping with my real job.
Okay fine. It was geology. Rocks and stuff. You happy now? I bet you can’t tell the difference between sylvite and carnallite just by licking it, can you?
Anyway, the point is I came close to being chucked out. Actually I had to repeat the second year. At least I could afford it.
So anyway, I somehow got through to the end of my second year, the end of my second year again, and part way through my third year. I was passing my exams - just - and through several reinventions I had managed to maintain my social influencer role. Last Autumn I was getting some good views, and cash, back on YouTube. I was getting pretty good at make-up (I had an exclusive deal with one company on TikTok, and another deal with a different cosmetics company on YouTube). The videos that did well then were me with experimental hairstyles and not much in the way of clothes, putting on makeup for a few minutes, then reading out-of-copyright fiction in my patented “YouTube voice”. If you can imagine a cross between Shania Twain and Marge Simpson then… well, then you’re weird, but you’ve pretty much got it.
Then, last December, a week or so before the Christmas holidays, I went out with my friends. I had made a decent number, both girls and guys, by then. I could never quite tell whether it was my personality (which I assure you is fantastic), my influencer status, or the cash I was liberal with (it always seemed to be my round, and I didn’t mind). There were even a couple of boys who were keen on me, though I hadn’t done anything about it yet. Eight of us went out together to celebrate a birthday. It wasn’t actually anybody’s birthday that day, but Shireen had a Christmas Day birthday, and she wanted a proper party.
Now I look quite different in real life than I do online. I think the technical term is “frumpy” - jeans, trainers, fluffy jumper and a hat, or maybe a hoodie. The birthday girl had somehow convinced me to put a bit more effort in, and had helped me pick out some heels and a knee-length silver dress. Make-up was easy for me of course, and so I got dressed up and off we went to the Black Swan.
The Black Swan has several great qualities about it. One: it’s cheap. Two: it does good food. Three: it’s a couple of hundred metres from The Bar. We had a decent meal, a few drinks, and around 9 we walked to The Bar.
To be more precise, they walked. I wobbled. If you’ve watched my videos you might have seen me in heels, but did you ever see me walk in them? Didn’t think so.
The Bar is open til 3 in the morning. It looks respectable enough from the outside, especially in the afternoon; but after about 11, when most pubs close, it fills up with students drinking expensive-looking drinks. And almost every night, somebody jumps up onto a table, and then everybody’s up there dancing. In The Bar, either you hold your drink tightly, or you lose it.
I’d done this before, and I can handle my alcohol. I’ve stayed at The Bar till chuckout more than a few times, and I’ve been wobbly on the way home, but I’ve never thrown up or passed out. And so I was surprised when I woke up. The last thing I remembered was Stu saying he was tired, and Shireen replying that it wasn’t even midnight yet. Now I was lying on the hard wooden floor of my living room.
My head pounded. Daylight streamed through the window, and I blinked a few times and rubbed my eyes. My hands were wet and sticky.
I looked at them. They were covered in blood.
I looked down. My heels were across the room, but I was still wearing my dress. It, also, was covered in blood, a huge stain across the chest.
Panic set in. What happened to me last night? I checked myself out and could find no injuries. Where did the blood come from?
Standing up, I realised it was worse than that. Red pools stained the wooden floor. I don’t know much medicine, but if somebody had lost this much blood, I couldn’t see how they could have survived.
I stood up, unsure whether my shaking was from the shock or the alcohol. This was when I saw a shirt on the floor behind me. White, with a subtle pattern. I’m sure I don’t need to tell you that it wasn’t my shirt. I lived alone, and rarely invited people back to my flat. I looked around some more. A pair of men’s black leather shoes by the door. And then I saw it.
I suppose, rather, I should say him. He was naked except for a pair of dark blue jeans, slumped in the open doorway to the kitchen, covered in blood, and very, very, dead.
I panicked then. I’m calmer now, so let’s take a moment to describe my conclusions that morning. I had got very drunk. I had met a guy. We’d come back to my flat. We’d been getting naked (the shoes and shirt weren’t bloodied). Then, for some reason, we’d had an argument or a fight. The body had stab wounds in the chest, and a pool of blood had congealed onto the wooden floor of the living room and the linoleum of the kitchen where the man collapsed. How did those stab wounds get there? I didn’t know for sure, but a quick glance at my kitchen counter showed that my sharp carving knife was missing. It was all coming together. I didn’t know if he had picked up the knife, or if I had; I didn’t know why either of us would do that. I didn’t even know his name, and later when I checked his pockets, I couldn’t find any ID.
There was a lot I didn’t know. But I’m smart. So once I was done crying on the floor (I think it was about two hours), I came up with a plan. This man was dead, and I couldn’t do anything about that. But what would the consequences be? There’s no need for my life to be ruined as well. I decided not to call the police. People go missing mysteriously all the time, he can just be another statistic and I’ll get on with my life.
The blood on Dave was mostly dry by now. (Sure, I didn’t know his name, but every bloke’s called Dave, right?) So I put a badly-fitting vest on him to soak up the remaining blood, and his shirt over the top, along with his shoes. His jeans were bloody, but they were dark, so hopefully it wouldn’t show up in low light. I couldn’t find his coat, which was odd given how cold it was, but this would have to do. I put my dress and heels in a plastic bag, and grabbed a spade that I never used. Had I missed anything?
The knife. The fucking knife. I searched all over for it, but by the time it got dark I still hadn’t found it. I knew I couldn’t delay for long, so I figured it was best to deal with Dave now, and find the knife later.
Eight o’clock in the evening came. I’m lucky I have parking right outside my house, no street cameras, and a ground-floor flat. I put the bag in the boot of my car and came back for the body.
Have you ever tried to move a dead person? It’s not easy, and I’m not exactly strong. I put my arm around his waist and eventually managed to heave him almost upright. “Come on Dave, that’s it. We’re gonna get you home. Maybe calm down on the tequila next time right? Try to keep it in, and don’t you dare vomit in my car, you sexy bastard.”
Oh come on, what do you want from me? I’m an influencer, not a stand-up comedian. And anyway, I don’t think anybody saw me during the several minutes it took to drag Dave to the passenger seat. I really wish I’d got round to buying a bigger car than the Fiat Punto I’d had since I was 18, but it was too late for that now.
There’s a place about an hour’s drive from me called Epping Forest. The Heritage Trust reckon it’s most famous for its huge tracts of unspoiled wildlife, thousands of trees, and Iron Age settlements. But around here it’s best known as the place where murderers and gang members bury bodies. So off I trundled in my 1.2 litre pensioner-mobile. I arrived around 9:30, checked Google Maps, and drove offroad into the woods.
Do you know how long it takes to dig a grave? The answer is: a long time! By dawn I’d only managed a hole about two feet. Oh, and it was my third try, because the first two times I found too much rock. Well, it would have to do. In went Dave, and I shovelled the ground back over him. I thought I could put my clothes in with him, but it was a shallow grave, and when the inevitable dog-walker finds it I didn’t want them linked back to me. I mean, there’s my DNA in there for sure, but let’s not make it too easy for them, right? So I chucked the spade in a river, and the clothes went back home with me, including the vest I’d lent him.
Now in England we have a thing called ANPR everywhere. The police can just type in a car registration and see exactly where it’s been from traffic cameras. I needed an alibi. Why had I gone to Epping Forest? For a hike of course! So I walked around for a few hours, got breakfast at a pub, and told the staff about all the wacky adventures I’d had that night. And while I was there, for the first time in a good long time, I checked my phone.
Hundreds of messages, of course. But only one sent a shiver down my spine.
Jolly_Gal_56234
I KNOW WHAT YOU DID
My heart thumped. My ears started ringing. I felt dizzy, nearly passed out. How could anybody know?
Of course nobody knew. I actually got messages like this fairly often. Just some idiot trying to wind people up. They’d probably sent a dozen messages just like it, to random people, and I just blocked her. Still it rattled me. I finished my breakfast, paid up, walked back to my car, and drove home.
My flat was just as I left it. Dave was gone, but his blood was still there. I scrubbed the floor for hours, and it helped a bit, but you could still see the stains. Exhausted, I showered and went to bed.
The next morning I woke up. I hadn’t posted anything for a day and a half, so I needed to do something about that. Scrolling through my messages, one stood out like a police light.
Jolly_Gal_28473
YOU’VE BEEN A BAD GIRL 🔪
Shit. SHIT! What the fuck is going on? I stared at my phone, paralysed with indecision. When I finally snapped out of it I made sure the door was locked, and tried to come up with a plan.
I had no idea who was sending these. Maybe they didn’t really know anything. You send stupid messages like that to hundreds of people, you’re gonna come across one who’s actually done something bad, right? I poured myself a big glass of gin, decided that nobody could know anything, and made a video.
Remember that one where I didn’t speak at all, just danced for three minutes dressed like 90s Britney to 70s disco music, titled “HANGOVER DANCE”? Yeah, that’s the one. I didn’t trust myself to speak without breaking, but I could dance about as well as I ever could.
The rest of the day I answered messages, emailed my sponsors, and considered getting an agent. It’s still just me doing everything, and that Sunday afternoon, I really didn’t want to. I also spent a few hours scrubbing the wooden floor with baking soda and vinegar, and looking for the knife.
I kept getting messages from Jolly_Gal. It didn’t matter how much I blocked her, she just popped up again the next day with different numbers at the end of her username. Always all-caps, just a single sentence.
YOU DON’T DESERVE IT
YOU’LL GET WHAT’S COMING TO YOU
OWN UP
DELETE YOUR ACCOUNT
Exactly one message a day, but always at different times. I decided it was a bot, and it was just coincidence that it started when it did. Until Christmas Day.
I’d been back at my parents’ for a few days, and endured the usual conversations about what I was going to do for a “proper job” after uni. They’re great, and really supportive. They’ve just never understood what an “influencer” really is, and that “playing on my phone” for six hours a day counts as work. My brother Rich gets it, but the rest of my family is honestly baffled.
Anyway, Christmas morning comes. All four of us were in the house together (my brother’s 17 so he still lives there), and we gathered together in the living room opening presents. It was a couple of weeks since the incident, and I still had nightmares every night, and those sudden panic attacks - you know, when you’re sure you’re going to be found out - but I was getting used to it. It had happened, I couldn’t change it, and I’d have to keep it secret for the rest of my life; but it was becoming a sort of background hum. I don’t know if that’s too quick, but I suppose I’ve learned to handle difficulty in my life.
Until we finished opening presents and I checked my phone.
Jolly_Gal_814385
HAPPY CHRISTMAS
And underneath, a photo of my kitchen knife, stained with blood.
I ran out of the house in tears.
Rich found me, sitting on the wooden bridge down the road from the house, my legs dangling over the river. I came here a lot when I was a teenager, so it was the first place he looked. I’d left my phone on the living room floor, and the three of them had seen the message, so he knew what triggered me. He just didn’t know the full story.
Well, I told him. I mean, not everything, obviously. But I told him how this person had been harassing me for weeks. He listened sympathetically, like he’s always done, and asked if there was anything he could do to help. I didn’t say anything; I just turned around, hugged him, and cried into his Christmas sweater.
After about half an hour we went back to the house. Rich explained things to my parents, thank goodness. I don’t think I could have handled it.
The rest of the holiday was … okay, I guess. More messages from Jolly_Gal, but only text. I made videos most days, and met all two of my old schoolfriends for drinks, movies and shopping. They’re big fans of my channels. I even took Rich out for drinks one evening, though it took us four pubs to find somewhere that wouldn’t ID him. He’s a bit of a babyface.
I did all I could not to think about Dave. I put him to the back of my mind, letting him live in the shed at the bottom of the garden of my psyche where he couldn’t disturb me. I guess that’s why it came as a shock to me, when I packed my stuff into the boot of my car to head back to uni.
There was one suitcase I’d packed but hadn’t got round to taking into the house. And peeking around the edge was that plastic bag. I’d forgotten to get rid of it!
Dad was helping me load the car, so I couldn’t do anything about it. I tucked it out of sight, finished loading up, said goodbye, and drove back to uni. It was dark when I got back, so I unpacked everything else, triple-bagged my bloody clothes, left my phone at home (no tracking me!), and walked two miles to drop them into somebody else’s wheelie bin.
The next morning I checked my messages.
Jolly_Gal_12592
WELCOME HOME
And a photo of me dumping the bag the night before.
You know what? This didn’t bother me. I mean, it did bother me, but not as much as I guess Jolly_Gal hoped. I’ve been bullied and harassed most of my life, and I’ve got pretty good at ignoring it. Sure, it was an escalation - she was actually following me - but it was just one of almost thirty messages. Jolly_Gal was hoping to destroy me. Instead, she hardened my resolve.
Clearly she had enough evidence to go to the police, but she hadn’t. And obviously she lived nearby. Now I’m no hacker, but you don’t do a job like mine without learning your way around technology. So I started sleuthing. I hadn’t bothered blocking her after the third or fourth message, so I made a list of all the messages, including timecodes. I’ve got a geology degree (almost), and we have techniques to analyse rock strata. Finally I had a genuine use for all that studying I sort of did!
Jolly_Gal was not as clever as she thought. She’d got sloppy. About half of her messages were sent at strange hours, on the hour. These were presumably posted by her bot. But the other messages were all sent between 7 and 8 am, or between 6 and 10 pm. So I guessed that she has a normal 9-5 day job, or maybe she’s a student.
Next I searched all the social media sites I could think of for Jolly_Gal or JollyGal usernames. There are a few, so please don’t go harassing people with that username! I don’t want innocent people to get hurt. After a few hours I had profiles of all Jolly_Gals. Pictures, locations, partial travel history, even birthdays for some of them. I discounted those who clearly weren’t in England, but I still had too many to narrow it down. The photos had no EXIF data so I couldn’t tell the type of phone or camera they used.
So my days became something like this: Five hours doing uni stuff, five hours working on my socials, and an hour or two learning digital sleuthing. I still went out with my friends sometimes, but made sure not to drink too much. I know how to have a good time without being drunk!
The breakthrough came by total chance. I rarely read the local papers, and just got lucky one afternoon in March. I was waiting for a friend in the pub after lectures, and there was a copy of the Post somebody had left on a table. So I flicked through it. The local council was rubbish at doing traffic. Some group of OAPS was organising a May Day celebration. And a woman had been convicted of body-snatching.
I recognised her! There was a photo of a woman in her early twenties. She’d been arrested when a corpse went missing back in December, and they’d seen her take it on the morgue’s CCTV. She’d been released on bail. “Prevention of the lawful and decent burial of a dead body” is a rare crime these days, so she hadn’t been sentenced yet; instead she was released until her sentencing, expected to be in August. Her name was Jenny Smith, which is so common as to be almost useless - that is, if you don’t have a profile of her on your laptop at home!
The report also gave her address. So I started hatching a plan. I texted my friend that I wouldn’t make it, and went home.
Jolly_Gal, or rather, Jenny, lived near me, and actually went to the same university. She had accounts on Instagram, TikTok, YouTube, Twitter, and a few others. Of course you can’t get Jolly_Gal by itself these days, but my profile gave all her precise usernames. I spent my evening watching her videos and reading her tweets. And then I found the smoking gun.
Jenny had posted a video on TikTok last June bitching about me. She’s way prettier than me, and yet I’d got all the subs and follows. She deserved all those sponsorship deals. It wasn’t fair that I had hundreds of thousands of subs and she only had a few thousand. She even said I was ugly and deserved to die.
Well, she got one out of two right, I guess. You can decide which one.
It all started to slot into place. Jenny was absurdly jealous of me, so she’d hatched a plan to destroy me. She must have roofied me in The Bar, got me and Dave back to my place, stabbed him, poured blood everywhere, and taken the knife home. I mean, I don’t know anything about forensic science, and I was drugged and panicked when I woke up that morning. I’d have no way of knowing that Dave had died days before he ended up in my flat!
I’d never managed to get all the blood out of the wooden flooring, and ended up putting a really misplaced rug over it. I chiselled off a sample and gave it to one of my friends who was doing a PhD in biology. It took a bit of persuading, but he ran an analysis on it.
It was pig’s blood.
Fuck Jenny. She’s not Jenny, or Jolly_Gal, she’s fucking Carrie!
She planned to destroy me. She ruined my mental health, she framed me for murder. All because I was more popular on TikTok than she was. Well, two can play at that game. I didn’t deserve what Jenny did to me. She did.
I thought about this all night, coming up with plan after plan, weighing them in my head. I wanted two things: to destroy Jenny, and to feel good about it for myself. Finally I had a course of action I’m actually rather proud of.
I decided to start slow. I did something anybody could have done - I mocked up a poster. At the top was “Jenny Smith - body snatcher!”. Underneath were two pictures, her Insta profile pic and the courthouse photo from the paper, and between them: “From This … To This!” And all her various social media handles to top it off. I printed hundreds of these, and pinned them all around the university and her street.
I’ve never thought of myself as an unkind person - God knows I’ve suffered enough myself to be sympathetic to others. But I’m willing to admit I felt a lot of satisfaction seeing her comments fill up with accusations and links to the online article. Jenny carried on making videos, but I could tell she was suffering. Good!
That was stage one. I had to up the ante for stage two. Jenny had covered me and my flat with pig’s blood, so I think we all know what’s coming next.
I pondered for a long time whether I should do it in the day or the night. But you know what they say - go big or go home. I scoped out her house for a while, and found out that she leaves her kitchen window, at the back of the house, open. Now I’m not the most athletic girl in the world, but I can be pretty determined when I want to be. So one night around 2 am I walked to her house - it’s only about half a mile - and climbed through the window.
I almost gave myself a heart attack when I knocked a glass over on the kitchen sink! Luckily it didn’t smash. I hid in a corner and waited for a full half hour before I decided Jenny hadn’t heard me. Then I snuck upstairs, slow as anything, and crept into her room.
Actually, the first room wasn’t hers. She shared with a couple of other students. Thank fuck I checked first! The second room was the right one. She was asleep, alone, in a double bed. I was so quiet that the only thing I could hear was my heart pounding in my chest as I opened my canvas bag, gently deposited its contents onto the pillow next to her, and took a photo. It didn’t come out that well - I couldn’t use the flash - but hey, I have a souvenir!
I really wish I’d seen her face when she woke up the next morning, staring at a pig’s head. She didn’t post on her socials for a week after that, and for two days she even forgot to send me a threatening message.
I’m sorry? You think I’m done? Oh, my sweet summer child. I’ve barely begun.
Jenny had a boyfriend, Abdul. I made sure he wasn’t around when I broke in, but stage three involved him in a big way.
Abdul was also at our university, a year younger than me, a year older than Jenny. He wasn’t very active on social media, but he did tend to broadcast his activity on Twitter. And what do you know? He’s also a fan of The Bar. So I spent the next month planning my move. I bought a new clubbing dress and heels - hey, I kinda missed that outfit! - and asked around for the other thing I needed. Some things you can’t just buy in Next, or a local butcher’s, but eventually I managed it.
I got my chance one Friday in May. Abdul had loudly announced on Twitter that he was excited for his boys’ night out in The Bar, and Jenny had been gushing about a girls’ night on the whole other side of town. Perfect. I spent hours on my makeup, and got to The Bar around ten. Abdul and his mates were having a drinking contest, and leching up at the girls dancing on the tables.
I figured I had a good long while before he would be ready, so I had a couple of drinks - not too much, but like I said I can handle myself, and I knew Jenny wasn’t around - and got up on the tables myself for a bit. Then about midnight Abdul’s friend got another round in, while Abdul was in the loo. This was my chance. I walked up to their table - which had no dancing feet on it, but a heck of a lot of spilled beer - and started talking to them, saying I thought their friend was hot.
“Uh, what the fuck?” “Not a chance in hell.” “Get lost, freak!”
Lovely chaps. But they were too far gone to notice me dropping something into Abdul’s double-whiskey-and-coke. For all I know, it’s the exact same thing Jenny used on me all those months ago.
Abdul came back and downed his whiskey in one gulp. I was worried he was going to vomit it up, but he held it in and blamed his difficulty on the coke fizz. Yeah mate, sure, sure.
Not too long after, he started to fade. His friends were really taking the piss out of him for being such a lightweight. Well, when I came over, the pisstaking just got worse. I introduced myself (with a fake name, duh) and told him he was hot. Believe it or not, it was only about twenty seconds before he put his tongue down my throat. Wow, I’m not sure I even needed to bother with the roofie!
His friends, who had been so intent on being mean to me, now turned their attention to him. I suggested we ditch them and go back to his place (I’d checked, it was only five minutes’ walk sober) - and off we went.
That was the first time I had sex. I’m sure I don’t need to go into details, but we did a lot of stuff, and I enjoyed it. I’m not sure if that’s because it was good, or because he was good, or because I knew what it was all for. I was impressed that he managed to keep going as long as he did in his state, but I do feel a bit sorry for him; from his Twitter he seems like a decent guy.
When he finally fell asleep I left. I’d got what I came for - pictures. And the next day I made a new account and sent a DM to Jenny.
At first I blurred my face, or chose shots that didn’t include it. A bit of editing and I could have been anybody. I watched their messy breakup on Twitter, Jenny hurling accusations, Abdul protesting his innocence. I know this is the age of social media, but I never understood why people play these things out in public.
And then, after posting a picture a day for a few weeks (I’d taken a lot of pictures), I sent one that showed my face clearly.
Jenny had managed to restrain herself from replying before, but now she knew who I was. She was furious! The very idea that her boyfriend had cheated on her with ME, of all people, was unbelievable. And this was exactly the outcome I’d been going for.
Jolly_Gal was broken. She’d ruined her reputation. She’d lost her boyfriend. She had nightmares about pigs (okay, so I don’t know that for certain, but in my imagination she woke up screaming every night). She was possibly going to prison. And now she knew that not only was I more successful than her as an influencer, but I was the one to steal her lover. She still sent messages, at first angry, but they soon degenerated into pleading. “Please stop.” “I’m sorry.” “We can work this out.” Jolly_Gal without CAPS LOCK, it was glorious to see.
In fact it was almost perfect. Three stages of my plan were complete, and only one remained. Jenny’s sentencing was in three weeks, so I had to move quickly.
She had two flatmates, so I needed to work around them. They weren’t particularly active on Twitter, but Jenny was. I knew from her tweets that while her flatmates had gone home, she was staying on a couple of weeks after the end of term. She didn’t say why publicly, but it was for her trial. No flatmates, no boyfriend. Now was the time.
And that brings us up to date. I’ve typed this up over the last few days, and saved as a draft. The final chapter, hopefully, comes tonight.
*******
I’m at Jenny’s house, and I’ve just called the police.
I turned up at Jenny’s door just after seven. Luck was with me - she’d tweeted that she was expecting a Deliveroo takeout. And I got there first.
The idiot actually kept the knife. I’d seen it when I was in her room. When she answered the doorbell, expecting food, and saw me - ah, the look on her face was priceless.
“I’m so sorry! Please, let’s just talk. I didn’t mean it to get this -”
I stalked towards her, anger in my face. Jenny fled upstairs. Perfect! She went into her room and shut the door, but I was like the furies of Greek legend. I smashed the door in, and looked on as Jenny cowered on her bed.
In full daylight, I saw the knife took pride of place in what looked like a shrine. She had photos of me printed out, and she’d written on them “BITCH”, “WHORE”, “FREAK” and all sorts of other hateful words.
Jenny had tried to make me into a murderer, so I gave her what she wanted. I grabbed the knife and stood over her. The coward shrank into the bed, begging for forgiveness, pleading for her life. Unfortunately for her I was not inclined to oblige. I plunged the knife into her chest, just as she had done to Dave all those many months ago. Jenny whimpered like a whipped dog, and after the ninth stab (yes, I counted), she stopped.
The police are on their way. I’m definitely going to jail after this. But Jenny got what was coming to her. We could both have lived happily, but Jenny chose otherwise.
And me? I passed my degree. I have friends. And jail or not, I have a life.
Burn in hell, Jolly_Gal.

Hi all. I am rather new to VBA, and need some assistance. I have an Excel document that is set up to pull some data from a Sql database. I need to email this data out on a set schedule during the work week. After some Google research, I found some VBA code that I could adapt to my purpose. It all seemed to do exactly what I needed, but the person the email was addressed to never received it. I tried a few alternative solutions I found after googling the issue, but nothing seems to work.
Here is the code, but with any company specific stuff removed.

Sub EmailActiveSheet() Dim OutApp As Object Dim OutMail As Object Dim wb As Workbook Dim ws As Worksheet ' Set the workbook and worksheet you want to send Set wb = ThisWorkbook ' The current workbook Set ws = ThisWorkbook.Sheets("SheetName") ' Replace "SheetName" with your sheet's name ' Create a new Outlook instance Set OutApp = CreateObject("Outlook.Application") Set OutMail = OutApp.CreateItem(0) ' 0 represents a mail item ' Compose the email With OutMail .Display .To = "recipient@address.com" ' Replace with the recipient's email address .Subject = "email subject " & Format(Date, "MM/dd/yyyy") ' Replace with your email subject .Body = "Good afternoon," & vbNewLine & vbNewLine & "generic text inserted" ' Replace with your email body .Attachments.Add wb.FullName ' Attach the entire workbook ' .Attachments.Add ws.UsedRange.Address ' Attach only the used range of the worksheet Application.Wait (Now + TimeValue("0:00:05")) Application.SendKeys "%s" Application.Wait (Now + TimeValue("0:00:01")) End With ' Clean up Set OutMail = Nothing Set OutApp = Nothing End Sub 

The current code reflects the most recent attempted fix, which was to use Sendkeys, and .Display to send the email instead of just .Send. Both solutions result int he email going to my Sent box, but never being received. It does seem to send when I address the email to myself. Just not anyone else for some reason. Any help is much appreciated.

so im trying to write some vba that move information from one sheet to another. But im having some problems. Sub CreateSheets()
Dim ws As Worksheet
Dim wsSource As Worksheet
Dim wsDestinationDetail As Worksheet
Dim wsDestinationMgm As Worksheet
Dim wsDestinationSum As Worksheet
Dim sourceRange As Range
Dim numCell As Range
Dim cell As Range
Dim tCell As Range
' Check if "Details" worksheet exists
On Error Resume Next
Set ws = ThisWorkbook.Sheets("Details")
On Error GoTo 0
' If "Details" worksheet doesn't exist, create it
If ws Is Nothing Then
Set ws = ThisWorkbook.Sheets.Add(After:=ThisWorkbook.Sheets(ThisWorkbook.Sheets.Count))
ws.Name = "Details"
End If
' Check if "MGMT Summary" worksheet exists
On Error Resume Next
Set ws = ThisWorkbook.Sheets("MGMT Summary")
On Error GoTo 0
' If "MGMT Summary" worksheet doesn't exist, create it
If ws Is Nothing Then
Set ws = ThisWorkbook.Sheets.Add(After:=ThisWorkbook.Sheets(ThisWorkbook.Sheets.Count))
ws.Name = "MGMT Summary"
End If
' Check if "Summary" worksheet exists
On Error Resume Next
Set ws = ThisWorkbook.Sheets("Summary")
On Error GoTo 0
' If "Summary" worksheet doesn't exist, create it
If ws Is Nothing Then
Set ws = ThisWorkbook.Sheets.Add(After:=ThisWorkbook.Sheets(ThisWorkbook.Sheets.Count))
ws.Name = "Summary"
End If
' Specify Worksheet
Set wsDestinationDetail = ws
' Add headers to the first row
wsDestinationDetail.Cells(1, 1).Value = "Cust #"
wsDestinationDetail.Cells(1, 2).Value = "Customer Name"
wsDestinationDetail.Cells(1, 3).Value = "T"
wsDestinationDetail.Cells(1, 4).Value = "Invoice"
wsDestinationDetail.Cells(1, 5).Value = "PO"
wsDestinationDetail.Cells(1, 6).Value = "CK #"
wsDestinationDetail.Cells(1, 7).Value = "Applied"
wsDestinationDetail.Cells(1, 8).Value = "INV Date"
wsDestinationDetail.Cells(1, 9).Value = "Due Date"
wsDestinationDetail.Cells(1, 10).Value = "Original"
wsDestinationDetail.Cells(1, 11).Value = "Balance"
wsDestinationDetail.Cells(1, 12).Value = "Current"
wsDestinationDetail.Cells(1, 13).Value = "<30 Days"
wsDestinationDetail.Cells(1, 14).Value = "30-60 Days"
wsDestinationDetail.Cells(1, 15).Value = "60-90 Days"
wsDestinationDetail.Cells(1, 16).Value = ">90 Days"
wsDestinationDetail.Cells(1, 17).Value = "Site"
wsDestinationDetail.Cells(1, 18).Value = "Comments"
' Make the headers bold
wsDestinationDetail.Range("A1:R1").Font.Bold = True
' Change the background color of a range of cells to gray
wsDestinationDetail.Range("A1:R1").Interior.Color = RGB(192, 192, 192)
' Find the range of headers
Set headersRange = wsDestinationDetail.Range("A1").CurrentRegion.Rows(1)
' Add filters to the headers range
headersRange.AutoFilter
' Set the source worksheet
Set wsSource = ThisWorkbook.Sheets("BPAging")
' Define the range to search in column A of the source sheet
lastRow = wsSource.Cells(wsSource.Rows.Count, "A").End(xlUp).Row
Set sourceRange = wsSource.Range("A1:A" & lastRow)
' Loop through each cell in the range
For Each numCell In sourceRange
' Check if the cell value is numeric text
If IsNumeric(numCell.Value) Then
' Convert the numeric text to a number using the Val() function
numCell.Value = Val(numCell.Value)
End If
Next numCell
' Define the desired length of the numerical value
valueLength = 6 ' Change this to your desired length
' Loop through each cell in column A of the source sheet
For Each cell In sourceRange
' Check if the cell contains a numeric value
If IsNumeric(cell.Value) Then
' Check if the length of the cell value matches the specified length
If Len(cell.Value) = valueLength Then
' Capture the corresponding name from column B
Set nameCell = cell.Offset(0, 1)
' Move the value and name to the destination sheet
Dim lastRowDest As Long
lastRowDest = wsDestinationDetail.Cells(wsDestinationDetail.Rows.Count, "A").End(xlUp).Row + 1
wsDestinationDetail.Cells(lastRowDest, "A").Value = cell.Value ' Account Number
wsDestinationDetail.Cells(lastRowDest, "B").Value = nameCell.Value ' Customer Name
' Check the cells below the current cell for "C", "I", or "P"
Dim rowBelow As Integer
rowBelow = cell.Row + 1
Do While Not IsEmpty(wsSource.Cells(rowBelow, cell.Column))
Dim letter As String
letter = wsSource.Cells(rowBelow, cell.Column).Value
' Check if the letter is "C", "I", or "P"
If letter = "C" Or letter = "I" Or letter = "P" Then
' Move the letter to the destination sheet
wsDestinationDetail.Cells(lastRowDest, "C").Value = letter ' Type (C, I, or P)
' Move to the next row in the destination sheet
lastRowDest = lastRowDest + 1
End If
rowBelow = rowBelow + 1
Loop
End If
End If
Next cell
' Autofit columns to adjust width
wsDestinationDetail.Columns.AutoFit
End Sub the problems lie in my loop to get the letters and account numbers/names. I need the account numbers and names to come over each time there is a C, I, or P under the number. Currently my code only brings the Numbers and Names over once and then all of the C, I and P's. Does any one have any ideas on how to fix this?

Good morning neighbors,
I'm writing here because I'm desperate for help and insight when its comes to my daughter. She is 6 and a kindergartener.
She has a diagnosed mood disorder and were currently undergoing an autism diagnosis. She has an iep. She is currently only allowed to go to school from 845am to 12pm. She is sent home once a week for bad behavior (hitting teachers, hitting students). The lights, the noise, the over stimulation triggers her to go non verbal, hide under desks, hiss and growl like an animal and she'll begin to throw things or deliberately bother others.
Due to this behavior, her gen ed teacher struggles to maintain peace in the classroom. So, my daughter bounces from a para (whos working with 4th and 5th graders who evidently cuss at my child when she irritates them), the school counselor, the receptionist and the principal. I think they hand her a worksheet to scribble on. In 3 months, she has brought home one peice of school work. One of the staff told me, she's not learning here- she's just running around the school, not getting anything done (another issue she has is running out of the room).
I've asked the teachers, where do other kindergarteners go who are like this? Certainly there are kids similar or more challenging than her- where do they go?? I get silence. Nobody seems to know what to do with her.
They say the resource room isn't appropriate because the older kids are triggered by her and this could be dangerous for her.
So, I'm wondering if anybody reading this has been down my road before?
I'm a single mom, short on time and energy to fight for my child. I'm making enough to pay my mortgage and the bills, but private school is out of my budget.
Also, as a side note- she does not have these episodes at home anymore. The last time she had one was about a year and a half ago when we were staying in an air bnb (the environment triggers these episodes). I've taught her how to read at a 2nd grade level and how to do basic math using an abacus. So, she is teachable and she can learn in the right environment, with the right person. As a side note, I do work from home and have set up a little "school" next to my desk. I've been teaching her an extra hour a day to try to make up for what the school ia shorting her.
Another side note, over the years she's had two psychiatrists, two behavioral coaches (mostly coaching me so I can help her) and completed the Emotional ABCs program. I've read several of the "best" books and read countless studies. She is not on medication although I'm at a breaking point and seriously considering it because I'm feeling that the risk now is overshadowed by the potential reward (she's able to integrate into society).
I know this a lot of text, so thank you if you made it this far! Very grateful for any info or wisdom you can pass along.

I created a custom Find and Replace macro where a user configures a list of words and keywords. When running the macro an userform pops up granting the user the option to. (many more options but this is the gist of it)

• Replace all found keywords with their replacement values
• Remove all found keywords
• Highlight all found keywords

The macro works fine except it is a bit slow on bigger selections and I was wondering if there are some improvements I can make.

Private Function PerformFindAndReplace(cleanRange As Range, findValues() As Variant, replaceValues() As Variant, partialMatch As Boolean, selected_find_option As String) Dim SelectedArray As Variant SelectedArray = cleanRange cleanRange.ClearComments 'If selection is only one cell, make it an array with a temp value so the for loop works If Not IsArray(SelectedArray) Then Dim TempArray As Variant ReDim TempArray(1 To 1, 1 To 1) TempArray(1, 1) = SelectedArray SelectedArray = TempArray End If Dim i As Long, j As Long, k As Long For i = 1 To UBound(SelectedArray, 1) For j = 1 To UBound(SelectedArray, 2) For k = 1 To UBound(findValues, 1) ' loop keywords to find in string Select Case selected_find_option Case "Replace" SelectedArray(i, j) = ReplaceWordInString(CStr(SelectedArray(i, j)), CStr(findValues(k, 1)), CStr(replaceValues(k, 1)), partialMatch) Case "Remove" SelectedArray(i, j) = RemoveWordInString(CStr(SelectedArray(i, j)), CStr(findValues(k, 1)), partialMatch) End Select Next k SelectedArray(i, j) = Trim(SelectedArray(i, j)) ' trim the array to remove access spacing SelectedArray(i, j) = Application.WorksheetFunction.Trim(Replace(SelectedArray(i, j), " ", " ")) 'remove double or more spaces in text Next j Next i 'Paste the array back on the user selection cleanRange.value = SelectedArray End Function 

The ReplaceWordInString function:

Public Function ReplaceWordInString(sentence As String, keyword As String, replacement As String, Partial As Boolean) As String If Partial Then If InStr(1, sentence, keyword, vbTextCompare) > 0 Then ReplaceWordInString = Replace(sentence, keyword, replacement) Else ReplaceWordInString = sentence End If Else Dim word As Variant, result As String For Each word In Split(sentence, " ") If LCase(word) = LCase(keyword) Then result = result & replacement & " " ' If the word matches, replace it Else result = result & word & " " ' If the word doesn't match, add it to the result End If Next word ReplaceWordInString = result End If End Function 

When I search in my Userform it list all items but cant scroll down to see it all. I can see at bottom there is some more data but cant scroll down
Any remedy
This is my search code
Sub SearchData()
Application.ScreenUpdating = False
Dim shDatabase As Worksheet ' Database sheet
Dim shSearchData As Worksheet 'SearchData sheet
Dim iColumn As Integer 'To hold the selected column number in Database sheet
Dim iDatabaseRow As Long 'To store the last non-blank row number available in Database sheet
Dim iSearchRow As Long 'To hold the last non-blank row number available in SearachData sheet
Dim sColumn As String 'To store the column selection
Dim sValue As String 'To hold the search text value
Set shDatabase = ThisWorkbook.Sheets("Database")
Set shSearchData = ThisWorkbook.Sheets("SearchData")
iDatabaseRow = ThisWorkbook.Sheets("Database").Range("A" & Application.Rows.Count).End(xlUp).Row
sColumn = frmForm.cmbSearchColumn.Value
sValue = frmForm.txtSearch.Value
iColumn = Application.WorksheetFunction.Match(sColumn,
shDatabase.Range("A4:AJ4"), 0)
'Remove filter from Database worksheet
If shDatabase.FilterMode = True Then
shDatabase.AutoFilterMode = False
End If
'Apply filter on Database worksheet
If frmForm.cmbSearchColumn.Value = "Supplier Num" Then
'**********************************************
shDatabase.Range("A4:AJ" & iDatabaseRow).AutoFilter Field:=iColumn, Criteria1:=sValue
With shDatabase.Range("A4:AJ" & iDatabaseRow)
.AutoFilter Field:=iColumn, Criteria1:=sValue
.AutoFilter Field:=19, Criteria2:="InStock"
End With
'***********************************************
Else
shDatabase.Range("A4:AJ" & iDatabaseRow).AutoFilter Field:=iColumn, Criteria1:="*" & sValue & "*"
End If
If Application.WorksheetFunction.Subtotal(3, shDatabase.Range("A:AJ")) >= 2 Then
'Code to remove the previous data from SearchData worksheet
shSearchData.Cells.Clear
shDatabase.AutoFilter.Range.Copy shSearchData.Range("A4")
Application.CutCopyMode = False
iSearchRow = shSearchData.Range("A" & Application.Rows.Count).End(xlUp).Row
frmForm.lstDatabase.ColumnCount = 54
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English proficiency is increasingly important in India for various purposes, and Google searches for English grammar and vocabulary terms are common. However, these searches are insufficient, and understanding and remembering these terms is crucial for proper communication.
The Digital Teacher English Language Lab provides a comprehensive glossary of common terminology, aiding in vocabulary enhancement and improving fluency in the language. Its use can enhance communication, even in simple conversations, making it a valuable tool for language learning.
This article discusses the challenges and opportunities of enhancing English language skills, offering quick and easy methods to enhance grammar and vocabulary.

How Can You Become a Better English Speaker?

The six tips provided can enhance your English language learning experience, making it faster, more efficient, and cost-effective. This platform is the ideal resource for enhancing your English grammar and vocabulary skills.

1. Work on these exercises pertaining to grammar.
   • The regular practice of grammar exercises can significantly enhance the quality of writing.
   • The correct use of grammar and verb tenses improves comprehension, word flow, and overall comprehension.
   • Studying grammar can be as enjoyable as answering questions and providing answers.
   • Observing language patterns is a beneficial method for enhancing grammar.
   • This exercise can be performed frequently.
   • This aids in comprehending the diverse meanings and structures of language.
2. Acquire Vocabulary Through These ExercisesThe speaker emphasizes the importance of expanding vocabulary and familiarity with English terms, stating that understanding how words are used and expressed is more crucial than just memorizing them. They suggest proper use of basic language and communication to expand vocabulary.English Language Lab's software offers experienced teachers practice in listening, speaking, reading, and writing, enhancing their English language learning experience.Listening Skills, English language lab – Digital Teacher
   1. Regular reading with vocabulary-building tasks
   2. Making a note
   3. Make reading aloud a habit.
   4. Taking in audiobooks
   5. These methods might significantly improve your English language learning by:
   6. Focusing on new terms
   7. Improving learning and remembering
   8. When everything is looked at, they greatly help students in their learning of the English language.
3. Regularly Work on Your Basic English Listening SkillsActive listening is crucial for effective communication, especially when learning a new language. Focus on speaking English, asking for details, and providing comments.
   • Enhance your English listening skills by listening to short dialogues and answering questions.
   • Daily study and regular listening to English-language knowledge enhance one's speaking abilities.
   • The goal is to enhance awareness by mastering English vocabulary and taking notes throughout the course.
   • Worksheets and lyric-rich music are effective tools for enhancing listening skills.
   • Utilizing diverse resources such as movies, infographics, and Quora can significantly aid in learning English.
   • These activities aim to enhance your overall English language learning process.
4. Read and Practice (Reading Comprehension in English)Reading proficiency is crucial for language learners to enhance communication skills, and can be achieved through various methods such as audiobooks, note-taking, learning new words, ear-reading, and continuous training.
   1. Engage in vocabulary-building exercises to enhance your comprehension of words.
   2. Choose novels that you enjoy reading, not just those that are popular.
   3. The act of mouthing words or reading aloud can enhance concentration and recall.
   4. Taking notes while reading improves memory and comprehension of the content by highlighting new words.
   5. Reading clubs are an excellent method to enhance language skills through participation in reading groups.
   6. The study plans should incorporate these techniques for effective English language learning development to significantly enhance skills.
5. Begin to Speak English as a First LanguageEngaging with native English speakers can enhance your vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation, and conversational skills, providing insight into the language's daily usage.Digital English activities provide teachers with a focus on speaking practice and individual instruction, enabling them to plan exercises that naturally improve English skills.
   • Practice speaking, conversing with native speakers, and receiving immediate feedback can make it easier.
   • The skill of effective English communication necessitates continuous practice.
   • Utilize common language and phrases in various everyday situations.
   • Enhance your conversational skills by learning new words and engaging in real-life discussions.
   • Engage in dialogues to enhance your self-assurance.
   • Learning to speak and pronounce requires slow and clear speech.
   • Asking for comments facilitates the identification of issues and improves speaking skills.
   • The regular study and usage of English are promoted by incorporating it into daily activities.
6. Develop Your Writing Ability in EnglishDaily writing practice is crucial for comprehending language strengths and weaknesses, enhancing sentence structure, and cultivating a distinctive writing style.
   1. To enhance the readability and quality of official writing, it is recommended to avoid using symbols.
   2. Use strong verbs to describe specific and detailed tasks, resulting in stronger phrases.
   3. The text suggests that straightforward statements should be preferred over expressions like "there is" and "there are".
   4. To enhance reading comprehension, it is recommended to eliminate unnecessary words such as "very," "really," and "a lot.“
   5. To enhance your writing skills, it is essential to practice regularly and enjoy the process.

Frequent Reading Has a Number of Advantages:

• It enhances the vocabulary we utilize.
• This aids in identifying errors.
• It enhances our proficiency in grammar.
• We can practice writing in English using it.
• Utilizing Google to enhance our writing style by providing us with new terminology and their definitions.

Consistent Writing Encourages:

• Consistent writing offers numerous benefits, including the creation of a unique style.
• The phrasing has been strengthened.
• The text discusses the positive and negative aspects of our language use.

English Language Lab Software Digital Teacher
English Language Lab is an offline language learning platform that helps students improve their skills in areas like grammar, speaking, reading, writing, listening, phonetics, vocabulary, soft skills, and life skills, offering lessons from school, home, or anywhere.

The War Scroll, also known as the "War of the Sons of Light Against the Sons of Darkness," is a unique text within the Dead Sea Scrolls that portrays an apocalyptic battle between the forces of good (Sons of Light) and evil (Sons of Darkness). This scroll provides insight into both historical and symbolic elements.
Historical Accuracy:
The War Scroll, while containing detailed military tactics and an epic narrative of the ultimate confrontation, doesn't explicitly reference any specific historical event or timeframe. Some scholars believe it could be a product of the community's anticipation of a future messianic conflict or a reflection of their own community's struggles against opposing forces during their time. Interpreting the historical accuracy of the scroll often involves exploring the context of the Qumran community and the turbulent times in which they lived.
Symbolism and Esoteric Wisdom:
The War Scroll goes beyond a mere description of a physical battle. It portrays a cosmic conflict between the forces of light and darkness, reflecting not just a literal warfare but also a symbolic and spiritual struggle. The text emphasizes righteousness, divine intervention, and the victory of good over evil.
Within the study guide, activities and exercises could involve dissecting the symbolic elements present in the War Scroll, exploring the deeper meanings behind the battle tactics and the metaphysical implications of the conflict. Understanding the symbolism could involve group discussions, comparative analysis with other ancient texts with similar themes, and exploring the impact of this symbolic representation on the community's beliefs and practices.
Here are a few activities and exercises to explore the symbolism and historical context of the War Scroll from the Dead Sea Scrolls:

1. Symbolism Analysis:

Provide excerpts from the War Scroll and encourage participants to identify and discuss the symbolic meanings behind elements like the "Sons of Light" and the "Sons of Darkness," various weapons, and the strategies outlined for battle. Group discussions or written reflections can help participants explore the deeper layers of meaning.

1. Comparative Analysis:

Compare the War Scroll's themes with similar apocalyptic or eschatological texts from different cultures or religions, such as apocalyptic passages in the Book of Revelation in the Christian Bible or apocalyptic texts from other ancient traditions. Create worksheets or discussion prompts to highlight similarities and differences in themes, symbols, and beliefs about cosmic battles.

1. Historical Context Exploration:

Present historical information about the era when the Dead Sea Scrolls were written. Discuss the political, social, and religious climate of that time, including the turmoil in the region, to understand how these factors might have influenced the composition of the War Scroll. Encourage participants to consider the possible motivations behind the text's creation.

1. Creative Interpretation:

Encourage creative expression by asking participants to create artwork, poems, or short stories inspired by the themes and imagery found in the War Scroll. This exercise allows individuals to engage more deeply with the symbolic elements and interpret them in their own unique ways.

1. Role-playing or Debates:
   Organize a role-playing activity where participants take on the roles of "Sons of Light" and "Sons of Darkness," debating their ideologies, motivations, and strategies for the ultimate battle. This exercise helps in understanding differing perspectives and interpreting the conflicts presented in the scroll.
   

Interpretative variations regarding the river's crossing in different ancient texts reflect the unique religious, philosophical, and cultural perspectives embedded within these narratives. These differences in interpretation offer insights into diverse worldviews and varying theological frameworks present in ancient texts:

1. Mesopotamian Context:

• In Mesopotamian mythology and literature, the Euphrates River often held symbolic significance as a boundary between the known civilized world and the wild, unknown realms. The crossing of the Euphrates could symbolize journeys into unexplored territories or transitions between order and chaos. This perspective reflects a worldview rooted in the physical and geographical division of lands.

1. Biblical Context:

• In biblical texts, such as those in the Book of Revelation or Old Testament prophecies, the crossing of the Euphrates carries eschatological significance. It may represent a divine intervention or a decisive moment in God's plan, marking the commencement of apocalyptic events. This interpretation aligns with the biblical narrative of divine judgment and the unfolding of God's ultimate purpose in history.

1. Gnostic or Apocryphal Context:

• Gnostic or apocryphal texts often interpret the river's crossing as a symbolic liberation or awakening. It might signify the release of spiritual forces or the ascent to higher consciousness, reflecting a philosophical perspective emphasizing spiritual enlightenment and liberation from material constraints.

1. Greco-Roman Interpretation:

• In Greco-Roman literature, crossings of rivers were often associated with mythological journeys or transitions between realms. The crossing of the Euphrates might symbolize a transition from mundane existence to a realm of mystery or spiritual significance, reflecting a cultural perspective rooted in mythology and cosmology.

These varied interpretations highlight the richness and diversity of religious, philosophical, and cultural frameworks present in ancient texts. The river's crossing serves as a flexible symbol that adapts to different narratives, conveying themes of transition, judgment, liberation, or cosmic transformation based on the unique perspectives of each tradition.
Exploring these interpretative variations allows participants to appreciate the complexity of symbolism within ancient texts and provides insights into how different cultures and belief systems interpreted common motifs like the river Euphrates. It showcases the intricate interplay between religious, philosophical, and cultural elements shaping the symbolism and theological implications embedded in these narratives.
The river Euphrates, a prominent geographic feature in ancient texts, embodies universal themes that transcend specific cultural contexts. Identifying these universal themes helps reveal shared human concepts of transition, boundaries, and transformative events across diverse ancient traditions:

1. Threshold and Transition:

• The Euphrates often symbolizes a boundary between known and unknown territories. Its crossing represents a transition from one state to another, signifying a pivotal moment of change or passage. This theme of crossing a threshold echoes the human experience of transitions in life, moving from familiar to unfamiliar realms.

1. Boundary and Separation:

• As a geographical boundary, the Euphrates signifies separation between distinct territories or civilizations. This concept of demarcation resonates with universal human experiences of setting boundaries, delineating spaces, or marking divisions between different aspects of life.

1. Transformative Events:

• Crossing the Euphrates is often associated with cosmic or transformative events in ancient texts. This universal theme reflects the human fascination with the concept of epochal change, cosmic upheavals, or moments of divine intervention that reshape the course of history.

1. Symbol of Power and Control:

• The river might represent a symbol of power, control, or geopolitical significance. Crossing it could signify shifts in dominance, challenges to established authority, or the assertion of influence. This theme resonates with human narratives of power struggles and shifts in societal dynamics.

1. Metaphor for Spiritual Journeys:

• Across cultures, rivers are often used metaphorically to represent spiritual journeys or quests. The crossing of the Euphrates might symbolize the pursuit of enlightenment, the passage to higher realms of understanding, or the quest for spiritual transformation.

These universal themes associated with the river Euphrates highlight fundamental aspects of the human experience—transitions, boundaries, transformative events, power dynamics, and spiritual journeys. The river's symbolism in ancient texts speaks to shared human aspirations, struggles, and beliefs that transcend cultural boundaries and resonate across different epochs and civilizations.
By identifying and discussing these universal themes, participants gain a deeper appreciation for the profound symbolism embedded in ancient texts and recognize the timeless relevance of concepts such as transition, boundaries, and transformative events in shaping human narratives and aspirations.

1. Historical Context:

• What historical events or societal conditions might have influenced the composition of the War Scroll?
  
• How does the historical context of the Dead Sea Scrolls' discovery contribute to our understanding of this text's significance?
  

1. Symbolism and Esoteric Wisdom:

• How does the War Scroll use symbolism to convey spiritual or cosmic themes?
  
• What esoteric wisdom or deeper spiritual insights can be derived from the portrayal of cosmic conflict and divine intervention within the text?
  

1. Comparative Analysis:

• Compare the themes and symbolism of the War Scroll with other apocalyptic texts from different cultures (e.g., Book of Revelation, The Book of Daniel). What common motifs or differences in interpretation do you observe?

1. Parallelism in Biblical Texts:

• Explore connections between the War Scroll and other biblical texts. How does the language, imagery, or themes in the War Scroll intersect with passages from the Hebrew Bible or New Testament?

1. Community Beliefs and Practices:

• How might the apocalyptic expectations depicted in the War Scroll have influenced the beliefs and practices of the community that produced it?
  
• Discuss the impact of such intense anticipation of cosmic conflict on communal life and religious rituals within the community.
  

1. Cultural Significance of Cosmic Battles:

• Across various ancient cultures, why do you think depictions of cosmic battles and eschatological events were significant? What might these narratives represent in a broader cultural context?

1. Interpretive Variations and Unique Perspectives:

• Explore the diverse interpretations of specific passages or symbols within the War Scroll. How do different scholars or traditions interpret these elements, and what underlying factors might influence their interpretations?

1. Personal Reflection and Modern Relevance:

• Reflect on how the themes of cosmic conflict, righteousness, and spiritual warfare in the War Scroll might resonate in contemporary society or personal belief systems.

1. Theological and Philosophical Implications:

• Discuss the theological and philosophical implications of a cosmic battle between forces of light and darkness. How does this theme intersect with broader philosophical inquiries or theological doctrines?

1. Literary and Symbolic Analysis:

- Analyze the narrative structure and symbolic elements present in specific passages of the War Scroll. How do these elements contribute to the text's overarching themes and meanings? 

These study questions aim to provoke critical thinking, promote in-depth exploration of themes, encourage comparative analysis, and stimulate discussions on the multifaceted nature of the War Scroll's content and its significance within ancient and contemporary contexts.

1. Archaeological and Linguistic Analysis:

- How does the physical condition of the Dead Sea Scrolls, including the War Scroll, impact our understanding of their preservation and historical context? - Discuss the linguistic peculiarities or unique textual features found within the War Scroll and their implications for translation and interpretation. 

1. Apocalyptic Expectations and Messianic Concepts:

- Explore the portrayal of messianic figures or anticipated saviors within the War Scroll. How do these concepts align with or diverge from contemporary expectations of a messianic figure in other ancient texts or religious traditions? 

1. Impact of Apocalyptic Literature:

- Analyze the enduring influence of apocalyptic literature, such as the War Scroll, on subsequent religious, literary, or cultural traditions. How have these texts shaped later beliefs or inspired artistic and literary works? 

1. Ethical and Moral Frameworks:

- Discuss the ethical or moral implications of the cosmic conflict depicted in the War Scroll. How do the themes of righteousness and wickedness contribute to the text's underlying moral framework? 

1. Role of Prophecy and Revelation:

- Explore the role of prophecy and revelation within the War Scroll. How do the prophetic elements contribute to the text's portrayal of future events and cosmic justice? 

1. Experiential and Ritualistic Elements:

- Investigate potential ritualistic or experiential dimensions associated with the teachings or beliefs conveyed in the War Scroll. How might the community have engaged with these teachings in their religious practices or communal activities? 

1. Literary Genre and Interpretation:

- Discuss the classification of the War Scroll within the broader genre of apocalyptic literature. How does its classification influence our understanding and interpretation of its themes and symbolic elements? 

1. Relevance in Modern Scholarship:

- Reflect on the ongoing scholarly debates or discoveries related to the War Scroll. How have modern interpretations evolved, and what implications do these new perspectives have on our understanding of the text? 

1. Intersection of Faith and Scholarship:

- Consider the interplay between faith-based interpretations and scholarly analyses of the War Scroll. How might religious convictions or theological frameworks influence academic research and vice versa? 

1. Future Research and Interpretative Avenues:

- Propose potential avenues for future research or areas of exploration concerning the War Scroll. What unanswered questions or unexplored aspects merit further investigation? 

The composition of the War Scroll, along with other Dead Sea Scrolls, was likely influenced by several historical events and societal conditions prevalent during the time of its writing, which is estimated to be between the 2nd century BCE and the 1st century CE:

1. Hellenistic Rule and Cultural Influence:

• The region where the Dead Sea Scrolls were found was under Hellenistic influence due to the conquests of Alexander the Great and the subsequent control by the Seleucid Empire. This era saw a clash between Hellenistic culture and Jewish traditions, leading to cultural tensions and a desire to preserve religious and cultural heritage.

1. Political Turmoil and Resistance Movements:

• The Jewish people experienced political unrest, particularly during the Maccabean Revolt against Seleucid rule. This period was characterized by resistance movements, attempts to preserve Jewish identity, and fervent anticipation of a messianic figure to deliver them from foreign oppression.

1. Religious Sects and Spiritual Expectations:

• Various religious sects existed within Judaism, each with its own interpretations and expectations of messianic redemption, purity laws, and theological doctrines. The community associated with the Dead Sea Scrolls, often believed to be the Essenes, likely had distinctive theological beliefs and a strong apocalyptic worldview.

1. Anticipation of Cosmic Redemption:

• There was a widespread belief in the imminent arrival of a messianic figure or a divine intervention that would bring about cosmic redemption, ushering in an era of righteousness and divine rule. This anticipation of apocalyptic events and a cosmic battle between forces of light and darkness is reflected in the War Scroll's themes.

Regarding the historical context of the Dead Sea Scrolls' discovery, its significance lies in multiple facets:

1. Preservation of Ancient Texts:

• The discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls, including the War Scroll, provided an invaluable collection of ancient manuscripts that significantly expanded our understanding of ancient Jewish texts, religious beliefs, and the diversity of Jewish thought during the Second Temple period.

1. Insights into Jewish Sectarianism:

• The scrolls shed light on the diversity of beliefs and practices among Jewish sects during that time. Understanding the beliefs and expectations of the community associated with the Dead Sea Scrolls helps contextualize the theological and apocalyptic themes present in the War Scroll.

1. Confirmation of Scriptural Accuracy:

• The Dead Sea Scrolls' discovery contributed to confirming the accuracy and preservation of certain biblical texts, highlighting the continuity of textual transmission across centuries and supporting the authenticity of biblical manuscripts.

1. Impact on Biblical Studies and Scholarship:

• The discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls revolutionized biblical studies, providing scholars with invaluable primary sources for studying ancient Judaism, the development of biblical texts, and the context in which these texts were composed.

The historical context of political upheaval, religious expectations, and the preservation of texts within the Dead Sea Scrolls contributes significantly to understanding the milieu in which the War Scroll was written. It provides a backdrop against which the themes of cosmic conflict, eschatological anticipation, and religious fervor within the War Scroll can be comprehended.