I have a large northern red oak in my backyard. It recently leafed out. When the leaves were first forming, we had an extended very wet week. The following week, I noticed that many of the new leaves were curling, and that the leaves looked very yellow.
As you can see from the pictures, the leaves have hardened up some and are a bit greener, but there is quite a bit of leaf curl and the leaves are not fully green. I did notice a lot of little brown spots on the leaves, and a few of them have signs of gall or some other malformation. I also noticed that it hasn’t dropped all its flowers, but I’m not sure if that means anything. Also, there are quite a few dead buds on the trees. There are no major sections of die back.
The base of the tree shows the root flare. There are quite a few small plants growing at the base, but I didn’t see any signs of fungus or rot.
Some background: last summer I did some excavation by hand near the tree. I routed some electrical in a trench. I did cut some roots outside of the drip line. None larger than a half inch in diameter. Closer into the tree I used water to create a path underneath the roots. I did score some of the roots in the process, but did my best to limit the damage. They were exposed in the trench for a week or so, and then filled over with dirt and covered with pavers. I was concerned I might have done some damage there, but it was in a fairly narrow section and the trench was only 8 inches wide.
Of more concern, I had filled and flattened an area next to the tree last year for a patio. I did compact the soil last year with a hand compactor. This year before leaves bloomed I added a layer of landscaping fabric, an inch of sand and the brick pavers shown in the image.
I had an arborist come out today to look at it, and they were not overly concerned. She thought that the leaf curl was because of gall mites. She wasn’t too concerned about either the patio or the trench, and said that any feeder roots would regrow. She recommended a kelp based fertilizer soil injection, but didn’t seem to think it was necessary.
I’m not convinced that gall is the sole source of the issue although it does appear like there are some signs of it. Of course I’m not an expert. I’m just googling images of various types of Oak issues.
So I’m wondering if the soil compaction of the patio could cause this type of issue? I’m also wondering if the extended spring and the particularly wet ground during the leaf blooming contributed to the problem.
Some additional questions: Is my tree likely to recover on its own? Are fertilizer soil injection treatments actually of any value. I have not sanded in the patio yet. I was going to use a polymer sand which would prevent water from draining down, but I could use a regular sand that would allow water to drain directly down. Would that be helpful in providing the roots under it more water?

Hi everyone, I’ve been playing with the Bahia 2023 for a while and for my next racket I’m looking for something more offensive. I’m at full intermediate level and I play on the left. I want to stay with nox because I like the feeling and I got accustomed to that. I’m looking for a not too demanding racket that can help me a little on defence whit a good sweet spot. Also had elbow problems so hard cores are not on the table. I red every review I found but still can’t understand if the shotgun is too soft or the attack is too difficult. I feel like the shotgun is the natural upgrade from the Bahia but I heard the attak is a great racket. Anyone is playing with one of these? How is your feeling? Can you describe your impressions about offence, defence, hardness and sweet spot?

WWE Heat Wave: The Genesis of the Rivalry
The story begins at WWE Heat Wave, a new pay-per-view event designed to kick off the summer season with a bang. Jade Cargill, the dominant and charismatic powerhouse, makes a surprise debut, announcing herself as the reigning WWE Women's Intercontinental Heavyweight Champion—a title she introduced to add prestige and competition to the women's division. Her entrance is met with awe and excitement, but it takes a turn when Chyna, the legendary "Ninth Wonder of the World," interrupts. Chyna, known for breaking barriers in the Attitude Era, challenges Jade, claiming that if anyone should hold such a title, it should be her. The tension is palpable, and the two engage in a fierce brawl, setting the stage for their rivalry.
WWE SummerSlam: First Blood
At SummerSlam, the anticipation is high as Jade defends her newly introduced championship against Chyna. The match is a brutal showcase of strength and resilience, with both women pushing each other to their limits. In a shocking twist, Jade retains her title through underhanded tactics, using the ropes for leverage during the pinfall. Chyna is left fuming, vowing to bring Jade down and take the championship.
WWE Unforgiven: Retribution
Unforgiven sees Chyna getting her rematch. This time, the match is a No Disqualification bout, ensuring there are no excuses or shortcuts. The match is even more intense than their last encounter, featuring chairs, kendo sticks, and even a table spot. Despite Chyna's valiant effort, Jade once again comes out on top, thanks to interference from a newly formed alliance with a rising star, Bianca Belair. Chyna is left battered but more determined than ever.
WWE No Mercy: Alliances Formed
At No Mercy, Chyna seeks revenge and finds an ally in Beth Phoenix, the Glamazon, who has her own issues with Jade and Bianca. The event features a tag team match: Jade and Bianca vs. Chyna and Beth. The match is a showcase of power and teamwork, but it ends in chaos as all four women brawl outside the ring, leading to a double count-out. The unresolved tension sets up another encounter.
WWE Survivor Series: The Clash of Titans
Survivor Series features a traditional elimination match with Team Jade (Jade, Bianca Belair, Charlotte Flair, and Nia Jax) against Team Chyna (Chyna, Beth Phoenix, Sasha Banks, and Becky Lynch). The match is a thrilling back-and-forth, but it ultimately comes down to Jade and Chyna as the last women standing. In a surprising turn, Chyna finally pins Jade clean, marking her first significant victory in their rivalry and setting the stage for a championship rematch.
WWE Royal Rumble: Road to WrestleMania
At the Royal Rumble, Chyna and Jade face off once again for the WWE Women's Intercontinental Heavyweight Championship. This time, it's a Last Woman Standing match. The brutality reaches new heights as both women refuse to stay down. In the climax, Chyna delivers a devastating Pedigree off the top rope through a table, keeping Jade down for the ten-count. Chyna finally claims the championship, but Jade's pursuit is far from over.
WWE Elimination Chamber: Unfinished Business
With WrestleMania on the horizon, the Elimination Chamber match features both women as part of a six-woman bout, with the championship on the line. The match is grueling, with alliances formed and broken. In the end, it's down to Chyna and Jade once more. Jade manages to outlast Chyna, reclaiming the championship and solidifying her as a formidable force heading into WrestleMania.
WWE Fastlane: The Last Stop
Fastlane serves as the final stop before WrestleMania, with Chyna and Jade facing off in a non-title Steel Cage match. The cage is meant to prevent interference and settle the score. The match is another brutal encounter, showcasing the sheer physicality and determination of both competitors. Chyna emerges victorious, climbing over the cage and setting the stage for their final showdown at WrestleMania.
WWE WrestleMania: The Ultimate Showdown
At WrestleMania, the grandest stage of them all, Jade Cargill and Chyna clash in an epic main event for the WWE Women's Intercontinental Heavyweight Championship. The match stipulation is an Iron Woman match, lasting 30 minutes, ensuring a definitive conclusion to their rivalry. The bout is a masterclass in storytelling and athleticism, with both women securing multiple falls. As the clock winds down, Chyna secures a final fall with mere seconds left, reclaiming the championship and earning the respect of Jade and the WWE Universe.
Epilogue: Respect and Legacy
The rivalry between Jade Cargill and Chyna becomes legendary, elevating both women's careers and the prestige of the WWE Women's Intercontinental Heavyweight Championship. In the aftermath, the two warriors, having pushed each other to their limits, share a moment of mutual respect, solidifying their legacies in WWE history.

Hey, so I’m unable to get a breast reduction at the moment unfortunately…
I just had my reconsultation with my surgeon today. I received some bad news on how he thought that the amount of breast tissue that my insurance company deemed medically necessary (375g) was too high for someone who was my height (5’5”). He also didn’t want to put a random number and it not meeting expectations with how much tissue I had taken off, then have the hospital go after me and cause trouble. So long story short, I have to hold off my breast reduction for a while, at least until another year. I have tried everything to lose the excess fat on my boobs, but nothing has worked. I still have severe pain in my back, shoulders, and neck. My surgeon did recommend physical therapy, which I’ve done before but for a different purpose. That still didn’t work. I was still the same size. I also have dieted but they still haven’t gone down.
FYI I am a 36DDD, but they make life so unbearable. Not only do I have to deal with my poor quality of life, but I also hate how I look in everything. I hate my body. I hate how I look. I always get the wrong impression that I’m trying to be sexy when I’m not.
I’m at such a loss right now, I can’t get a reduction so are there different ways that I can lose breast fat instead of getting a breast reduction, at least until the time being? Please let me know of any, thank you so much…..

I've been dealing with a mystery illnesses since December 2023 and just stumbled upon myasthenia gravis today. I wasn't even aware there was such thing as a thymus gland.
So my question is, does anyone feel physical discomfort in the thymus area? I can't wear a bra or my seatbelt crossing that area anymore.
My symptoms are all around that area, neck tightness, chest tightness, shoulder discomfort.

Hey guys, I’m looking for some advice. I managed to get rid of my heavy symptoms in the last 8 months, but I’m left with some minor issues that pop up at times. One of those is a tooth gum pain, which appears maybe once or twice a month during the last two years. Always in the same spot. It normally lasts one or two days, then goes away. The gum is not swollen, nor red, doesn’t bleed, but it’s receding, exposing the tooth underneath. Today for the first time it’s been very very annoying, I can’t even drink water or laugh (I work outdoors and the wind on the tooth causes intense pain). Two years ago a dentist told me that I was just brushing too hard, so I tried to be more gentle but the issue is still there (and in the meantime I had much much more serious problems). Wondering if anyone else had the same issue.
When I started having the first symptoms, some 8 years ago, my gums were bleeding, and I’m sure that many of you had that too, but that’s a long time ago and it stopped. Now the gum has just receded like crazy.
Thank you. I’m proud of all of you and of this community.

Hey, so I’m unable to get a breast reduction at the moment unfortunately…
I just had my reconsultation with my surgeon today. I received some bad news on how he thought that the amount of breast tissue that my insurance company deemed medically necessary (375g) was too high for someone who was my height (5’5”). He also didn’t want to put a random number and it not meeting expectations with how much tissue I had taken off, then have the hospital go after me and cause trouble. So long story short, I have to hold off my breast reduction for a while, at least until another year. I have tried everything to lose the excess fat on my boobs, but nothing has worked. I still have severe pain in my back, shoulders, and neck. My surgeon did recommend physical therapy, which I’ve done before but for a different purpose. That still didn’t work. I was still the same size. I also have dieted but they still haven’t gone down.
FYI I am a 36DDD, but they make life so unbearable. Not only do I have to deal with my poor quality of life, but I also hate how I look in everything. I hate my body. I hate how I look. I always get the wrong impression that I’m trying to be sexy when I’m not.
I’m at such a loss right now, I can’t get a reduction so are there different ways that I can lose breast fat instead of getting a breast reduction, at least until the time being? Please let me know of any, thank you so much…..

Hey friends,
I (37M) don't really have much of a point for this post, just seeing if there is anyone else out there. Every since I can remember, I've had a nearly daily headaches - just a dull, amorphous ache at my temples, around my eyes, and on my upper neck.
There are some days where it is down to 0, but almost every day it fluctuates between 1 and 6 on the pain scale. Rarely horrible, almost always annoying. I could deal with the pain, but the grating feeling of it makes me feel irritable and depressed, withdrawn from the life I want to live.
I have acute migraines which are well managed, and people understand that. But spending my whole life complaining about 'just a headache' makes me feel like one of those stereotypical frigid wives from old sitcoms.
I've visited a neurologist, and there is nothing structurally wrong. I eat well, sleep okay, exercise, have tried a wide battery of migraine and tension meds, and yet I'm always left with this lingering, nagging headache, there to greet me when I wake up and say goodnight when I go to bed. On good days, I can keep it minimized or ignore it, but it's so difficult to set myself up for good days.
Thanks for listening

I’ve recently begun to buy the graphic illustrations that I read like 8+ years ago. I’ve got a few of them including some new ones I haven’t ready. I can’t remember the titles but I can remember some specific details and I’m hoping someone here knows the titles. … One graphic illustration was Cable coming back and killing X-men, like total eradication of any mutants/ superhero’s like iron man and captain America, in this one Wolverine is an old general I believe and had one of his hands cut off and it was replaced by like a single blade and in the end Cable/ multiple Cables pour acid on him completely melting him away, like every cell of his being. But the very end they end up stopping Cable and it was a younger Cable they were trying to save and future Cable sends his younger self so a foster home where he’ll be abused thus starting the cycle of his hatred and causing a loop. … The second graphic illustration (and I know this isn’t much to go on) it was Wolverine like in a berserk rage I think he had something on his head and he was just straight up slicing through people, one picture I remember was red and it was Wolverine like looking over his left shoulder with his claws out but it was like this pencil thin 2 foot long claws. … I ask because I’d like to buy what I’m looking for, not something I’m not. Any help would be greatly appreciated thank you. I’ve got: Wolverine the complete collection volume 1-4 by Jason Aaron Wolverine Old Man Logan - where he kills the Hulk gang Wolverine vs. Predator

WWE Heat Wave

The rivalry between Roxanne Perez and AJ Lee ignites at WWE Heat Wave, where Roxanne debuts a brand-new championship: the WWE Women's World Cruiserweight Championship. Roxanne, the inaugural champion, issues an open challenge, which is answered by none other than AJ Lee, making her return to WWE after a hiatus. The match is a fast-paced, high-energy contest that showcases both wrestlers' skills. AJ narrowly misses out on the victory due to a controversial referee decision. This sparks animosity between the two, setting the stage for an intense feud.

WWE SummerSlam

At SummerSlam, Roxanne Perez and AJ Lee face off again, this time in a No Disqualification match to ensure a clear winner. The match is brutal, with both women pushing their limits. AJ Lee gains the upper hand with her cunning tactics, but Roxanne's resilience shines through. Roxanne retains her championship after delivering her signature finisher onto a pile of steel chairs, pinning AJ Lee for the win. However, AJ's frustration grows as she feels cheated once again.

WWE Unforgiven

The rivalry escalates at WWE Unforgiven with a Ladder match for the Women's World Cruiserweight Championship. The tension is palpable as both women put their bodies on the line. In a dramatic finish, AJ Lee manages to unhook the title belt just seconds before Roxanne could. AJ Lee finally captures the championship, and Roxanne is left fuming, swearing revenge.

WWE Hell in a Cell

The animosity reaches new heights at WWE Hell in a Cell, where Roxanne invokes her rematch clause. The two competitors clash inside the Hell in a Cell structure, providing a fittingly vicious battleground for their rivalry. The match is a bloody affair, with both women enduring significant punishment. AJ Lee retains her title after using the cell to her advantage, but Roxanne gains respect for her tenacity.

WWE Survivor Series

At Survivor Series, Roxanne and AJ are placed on opposing teams in a traditional elimination tag match. The tension between them is evident throughout the match, overshadowing the rest of their teammates. The climax comes when Roxanne and AJ are the last two standing for their respective teams. Roxanne manages to pin AJ, giving her team the victory and earning herself another title shot.

WWE Royal Rumble

In the Royal Rumble match, both Roxanne and AJ participate, eyeing a potential main event spot at WrestleMania. Their rivalry continues to play out during the Rumble, with both women targeting each other. Roxanne eliminates AJ, further stoking the fires of their feud. Although neither wins the Rumble, their storyline continues to be a highlight.

WWE No Way Out

The intensity of their rivalry leads to a Cage match at WWE No Way Out. With no way for interference and escape, it's a brutal encounter. Roxanne Perez emerges victorious, pinning AJ Lee after a high-risk maneuver from the top of the cage. This victory secures Roxanne another shot at the Women's World Cruiserweight Championship.

WWE Fastlane

At WWE Fastlane, the stakes are raised with a Two-out-of-Three Falls match for the championship. Both women display incredible endurance and skill. Roxanne wins the first fall, but AJ Lee evens the score shortly after. In a dramatic final fall, Roxanne pins AJ, recapturing the Women's World Cruiserweight Championship. This match is hailed as one of the best of the year, showcasing the peak of their rivalry.

WWE Elimination Chamber

The rivalry is put to the ultimate test at WWE Elimination Chamber, where both women are part of the Women's Elimination Chamber match for the championship. The brutal structure tests their limits once again. Roxanne retains her title by outlasting AJ and the other competitors, but AJ's performance keeps her in contention for another shot at WrestleMania.

WrestleMania

The climax of their rivalry takes place at WrestleMania, where they face off in an Iron Woman match, with the Women's World Cruiserweight Championship on the line. The match is a grueling 30-minute contest, filled with high drama and intense action. Both women score multiple falls, but in the final minutes, Roxanne manages to secure a decisive pinfall victory, retaining her championship and earning the respect of the WWE Universe.
After the match, AJ Lee extends a hand in a show of respect, which Roxanne accepts. Their rivalry, filled with ups and downs, concludes with mutual respect and admiration, cementing their place in WWE history.

Back in 2016, I got into vape building (spinning coils, dripping the cotton, etc). This lead to a roughly 2.5-3 year addiction to vaping that I eventually kicked. I was clean off nicotine for roughly 2 years after (cold turkey again), but eventually found my way back to the occasional cigar as an evening treat on some nights. No more than once or twice a week.
Long story short, I bought a vape again after 3+ years of not touching a vape because I had to bring someone close to me to a "mental health retreat" where they stayed, involuntarily, for over a week. That, paired with moving and family drama kept nicotine and me close. I decided to give zyns a try on a whim, and enjoyed the buzz for the first few times. It didn't become a regular habit until early 2023 when most of the stress was compounding. Essentially, all the shit that was already percolating in the air decided hit the fan at the same time, and Zyns felt like they were the only thing keeping me sane.
At peak use, I was at 3 cans a week, which doesn't sound like much, but that was averaging NINE pouches a day, which is a lot.
The stress in my life calmed down coming into 2024, but nicotine still hit the spot. I didn't consider quitting until I began to really take notice of the effects on my body, most notably was the chest pain I'd read other users describe on here. That shit was scary, plus the overall reduced cardio capacity. I also had tension in my jaw that caused me a perpetual jaw ache for the two weeks leading up to when I finally quit.
In short, I'm a very active and athletic person. I workout 5-6 days out of the week and hike regularlly. Zyns absolutely FUCKED my cardio. The deal breaker was when I tried to go for a run and experienced sharp, shooting chest pain after a short distance. That wasn't something I was going to tolerate anymore.
So I quit. The chest pain went away in a few days, along with the aching jaw. My cardio is better, my dick gets harder, and I'm pretty much spared of any big withdrawl effects. The only thing I noticed was powerful was the cravings for the first 1-2 days. I was maybe a bit irritable with some anxiety, but exercise quelled just about all of that.
As a side note, I'm very pro-drug and experimenting. The only factor that keeps me away from drugs is their relative physical harm and addiction potential. Nicotine seemed mostly safe until it became an obvious factor in my physical decline, so it had to go.

Hi all! First off, so glad this sub reddit exists because it was a life saver when I was making decisions on my own ACLr and knowing what to expect from surgery. I'm a 2x cancer surviver, Paramedic, Rugby player, and now have been a caregiver to my partner who just celebrated 3 months from her own ACLr. I collected a bunch of advice and tips and tricks that I have used both during cancer treatment, my own experience with ACLr, and now through care taking my partner through hers. I know there have been guides before, but mine is a bit different and aimed at caregivers so I thought I'd post it here since ya'll helped me so much instead of it just circulating the rugby community every time a teammate or friend has to have ACLr or some other reconstruction. Hope it's allowed and helps!
A Cancer Patients Guide To Knee Reconstruction Recovery
A Comprehensive Guide To Surviving and Thriving In the Pre and Post-op Period Built From The Perspective of Caretaker and Patient.
Before The Date
__/__/____

Preparation

It is important to adequately prepare for surgery in the weeks and days leading up to the procedure. A significant period of immobility and reliance on support can be expected immediately post-op and will vary by procedure and personal experience. Physical modification of living space and thorough preparation allows for the immediate post-op period to be free of emergency store runs and the small inconveniences that can add up to big frustration. Not having food and drink nearby as well as other essentials may be a small deal now, but can turn into a big deal when you can no longer get those things for yourself. While physical preparation (home modifications, adaptive tools, meal prepping, etc.) are important, mental preparation is crucial to the long term success of the repair. Making small, achievable goals in the immediate post-op period and maintaining a long sighted view of recovery will make the pain and immobility that is initially experienced more bearable. Additionally, social support through a partner, family members, or friends is an essential part of recovery, as is maintaining contact with sports teams or other social groups during rehabilitation.

General PEARLs

• Pre-surgical rehab is an essential part of recovery and can improve immediate outcome so if it is a resource available to you- use it!
• Learn the basics of your procedure such as reconstruction technique, graft type, surgeons recovery timeline, where you will do your rehab, and what you should expect going into and coming out of surgery. Knowledge is power and can give a sense of control and set reasonable expectations in a situation that is otherwise out of your control.
• Seek out positive experiences and recovery stories from other people who have had your procedure and gather as much advice as possible from resources such as ACL. Know that some people will have negative experiences, everyone is an individual, and that much of your long term recovery is in your control.
• Expect and learn to advocate for yourself or the person you are taking care of. Be vocal and honest with any needs you may have and understand that issues may come up in the immediate post-operative time that you as a patient or caregiver may have to contact your surgeon to resolve. Familiarize yourself with who to call and when *before* you leave after surgery, as well as being quick to call with any questions or problems that arise. It is better to be told that what you are experiencing is normal than to sit with the anxiety of the unknown.
• Create a folder with all relevant information: Surgeons name, procedure information, follow-up appointment dates and times, phone numbers, emergency contacts, facility of choice in an emergency situation, and any other important information. Maintain this folder throughout your recovery and add paperwork as it comes.

Days Leading Up To Surgery

• Contact support people and confirm any arrangements that have been made including but not limited to: Who is taking you to/from surgery, child or pet care, transportation to first PT appointments, meals, etc.
• Recommended Items we found essential:
  • Ice Machine (Polarcube, etc) if at all possible
    • Recommend checking facebook marketplace or other second hand options, as they cost hundreds new but can be found for $40 or so used.
    • Studies have shown these do actually reduce pain and lend to earlier mobilisation and our experience has shown this to be essential not just immediately post-op but in the weeks and months afterwards so if you *can* obtain one you absolutely should.
  • Large sweatshirt and oversized shorts for surgery day, especially if you wear a bra, as putting clothes on after surgery can be a struggle and it’s easiest to just throw on a sweatshirt and shorts that fit over your post-op bandages and brace.
    • In particular, we found a blanket hoodie to be very useful both for going home and the first few days as it could stay on when moving around/when napping.
  • Neck Pillow
    • Helps with reading or other activities during long hours spent in bed or on the couch and really helped in the first two days to prevent neck strain and provide head positioning during napping.
  • Large pillows for body positioning and elevation of the leg
    • We found cheap, giant, dog beds from places like TJ Max or Marshalls to be more affordable than specialty products
    • A large, thin, dog bed (or blanket) rolled into a tube and secured with stretch bandage or tape around the surgical leg and brace helped significantly with comfort during sleep so that the leg was padded, comfortable, and the other leg didn’t get roughed up from the brace.
  • A shower chair
    • Can be found used at second hand stores like Goodwill, or cheap online
    • Easy substitute is a chair covered in a trash bag
    • Allowed showering the second day post-op which was a huge mental boost and relieved physical discomfort and achy muscles
  • Extra large leg cast cover
    • Can be found cheap online
    • Placed around outside of brace covering the entire leg initially, we then found it easier to place on the leg and place the brace outside of the cover for the remaining healing period for the incisions: We did this after the first PT appointment when it was safe to take off the brace for short periods while laying down. We acquired a second post op brace from a friend (you can find on eBay for cheap) and it was amazing to have, as we could let it dry after showering and immediately put her post op brace back on.
  • Foldable stool
    • Great for elevating the leg during transfers, while on the toilet, etc.
  • Lap Desk
    • Great for eating on the couch or in bed, but we also found it useful as a side table for holding drinks/meds/remotes/books that could be taken to whatever room they landed in at the time
    • A small table works as well, really just anything that can be used to set things on within arms reach
  • Assortment of sodas, water, seltzers, snacks, etc.
    • There is no way to know what you will want and when, but when you want it it’s nice to *have* it available
    • Appetite often decreases after surgery so make sure to have favourites on hand so that when you *are* hungry you have it immediately before your body changes its mind
  • A big bucket
    • We used a soft plastic beach type bucket from the dollar store, it was extremely useful to have to put small items in, a small towel, a spare water bottle, extra meds, baby wipes, etc.
    • Also doubled as an emergency puke bucket, as you never know when a sudden bout of nausea might hit in the first day or two after surgery
  • Extra reusable ice packs and bags of ice
    • Your home ice maker will not be able to keep up with the demands of constant icing the first week or so
    • Reusable ones are great for ‘hot spots’ and short trips where you can’t take the ice machine
  • Extra steri-strips and assortment of bandages
    • Sometimes there’s extra leakage, sometimes your steri-strips come off and you need to slap a new one on, sometimes you’re allergic to the ones they put on you at the hospital. Always consult a medical professional, but it’s handy to have these on hand just in case.
    • We also used a bulky padded bandaid to keep the brace off the healing incisions once the large post-op dressing was taken off which helped immensely.
  • Compression sleeves
    • Aside from helping with swelling these also provided a layer of protection under the post-op brace
    • We found cheap ones at Wal-Mart (copper brand) but also just bought a cheap pair of leggings a size down and cut off one of the legs to use before getting a more expensive one once swelling had fully subsided after a few weeks. Your leg will change so cheap works great at first, then you can get something a bit more substantial when you know what you’ll need long term. Now she wears high compression socks to sleep 3 months out.
  • Slide on shoes
    • Self explanatory, bending down to put on shoes becomes a chore after surgery. Avoid flip flops or other styles that can become a trip hazard.
  • Baby Wipes/Dude Wipes/etc.
    • Wiping down after you get home from surgery can help prevent that icky feeling and restore some sense of normalcy, then can be used over the next few days before you can shower more normally
  • Lotion and chapstick
    • Hospitals dry out your skin big time, and lips are often cracked post surgery from intubation/LMA placement
  • Small, easily labelled tupperware containers
    • Regular pill containers are too small to hold pain meds, OTC pain meds, anticoagulants such as aspirin, supplements, and edibles or other small things you take with your medication. We got small tupperware boxes with lids from the dollar store.
    • We found it very convenient to have six sets of meds set up and labelled with times which meant we never missed doses and could leave the next dose of meds at bedside, take them with us when going to appointments, and keep up with what had been given and when.
  • Small notebook to record med times and other important information
  • Two extra changes of clothes already setup and ready to go
  • Compression device
    • We are athletes so we already had leg compression sleeves but these days off brand versions can be bought online cheap. Studies have shown these lead to reduced pain, increased mobilisation, reduced the chance of blood clots, and there is even some evidence they help with bone healing.
    • We used it 3 days post op and beyond and her range of motion was significantly improved after the first time.
  • A yoga strap
    • Excellent for strapping to the brace and moving the surgical leg
• If possible, pick up post-op medications prior to surgery to prevent any unexpected delay in obtaining them. If this is not possible, verify that the prescription can be filled the day of the surgery by your selected pharmacy and that it has been filled prior to leaving after your surgery. Controlled substances cannot be transferred to another pharmacy without a new prescription sent directly from the provider. You do not want to be trying to get in contact with a physician in the hours after surgery, unable to manage pain, before the pharmacies close for the night.
• Do a thorough clean of your living area, it will make the time after surgery when you cannot independently do normal activities more bearable and a neat organised space is easier to function in when your body is not cooperating. Take special attention to removing tripping hazards and clearing a wide path from wherever you plan to spend your recovery and the bathroom.
• Plan to spend the first couple of days in one spot and on one floor and set up that area the day before surgery. If you have a downstairs bathroom a floor mattress or well setup couch can be your landing pad until you are more mobile and is the easiest during the immediate post-op period. That being said, if you don’t, it’s easier to get upstairs by sliding up on your bum immediately post-op when your pain is still well controlled than realise that you have no bathroom downstairs a few hours later when the pain has started to set in. Wherever you intend to land, plan on staying there at least a couple of days and bring all your supplies to that area. Plan to lay with your surgical leg on the outside of what you are laying on, this makes transferring easier.
• Have your recovery bed setup the day before surgery and prepared for when you return before you leave the day of, including blankets and your supply table setup.
• Meal prep, whether that means cooking or getting easy to make microwave meals is up to you. You won’t feel like cooking and neither will your caretaker the first few days. High protein, easy to eat meals are key! We had chicken and broccoli casserole, egg and sausage frittata, and lots of applesauce the first few days and it was a lifesaver not to have to think about meals.
• Spend some time mentally preparing for the long haul of recovery and make long term plans that fit within your timeline. For example, we planned to attend a rugby game five days after surgery *but* planned nothing else for that day and the next day. We also planned hiking trips the next fall, and other events appropriate for her timeline along the way that could be looked forward to and keep up morale. Remember that this is temporary and that it is okay to be recovering and resting, expect hard moments and days but keep things planned so you don’t get stuck in those down places.
• Eat your favourite meal and eat well the day before surgery. Your body needs fuel to recover and fasting the day of surgery sucks. As weird as it sounds, after multiple surgeries, the pre-surgery night meal of whatever I want is one shiny thing in a crappy situation to hold on to.
• Plan for what you want your first meal to be and consider making a playlist for the ride to and from surgery. Small things, again, help maintain a sense of control and comfort in a situation where you are largely out of control and these things can be done with friends or support people in the days leading up to reduce anxiety and pass time.
• Hit the gym, take a walk, do a hike, visit places or do things you enjoy but won’t be able to do in immediate recovery! We took my partners knee to one last tournament before her surgery, it helped pass time and kept spirits high.

Day Of And Immediate Post-Surgery Phase

• Maintain fasting starting at whatever hour you are told. Some people can drink clear liquids up to a certain point, others are completely nothing by mouth. Your instructions will guide you on this.
• Before leaving home double check that everything is set up how you need it and place a blanket, pillow, drink, and snack of choice in the car. You may or may not need it but if you do it is important to have. Make sure your ice packs are in the freezer ready to go!
• Bring your own post-op snack if you are picky or have food allergies, otherwise you’re stuck with whatever graham cracker and applesauce combo the facility gives you.
• Go with the flow, or as I always say “surrender”. Feel what you feel, have a cry in the car before you go in, listen to your playlist, bring your blanket or other comfort items into pre-op, tell your support person what’s going through your mind, tell your pre-op staff how you’re doing, ask all the questions, and most importantly just do what you have to do. For some people surgery can be overwhelming and the loss of control frightening, but fighting only makes it worse, so whatever you are just be it. I’m pre-op pacer myself, but some people just snuggle up under some warm blankets and wait. Either way, just let the waves take you where they go and know you’re along for the ride. Remember that future you with a healthy joint thanks you for what you’re doing today.
• Speak frankly with your anesthesiologist and utilise any pain control or anxiety control options given to you. There is no award for least meds taken or toughest patient of the day. If a nerve block is available, know that you can request sedation for its placement, and utilise that option if at all possible.
• Caregivers should bring something to keep them entertained and be prepared for a long period without update once surgery has started. Honour your feelings as well, it can be tough to watch someone you care about go through this! Consider having someone to act as a support person for you as well through text or phone, that way you can divert your own worries or struggles to them and away from the person having surgery while still making sure you are also taken care of.
• Make sure that pain is well controlled before leaving after surgery. You have more options there than you will at home and getting things under control once pain has become unbearable can be very difficult.
• Make sure you note when the next dose of medication is due, what medication they should be taking, and write it down.
• Double check contacts from your surgeons office and add any post op paperwork to your folder in case you need the information later.
• If your post-op meal requires picking up, or your prescription, try and do that immediately after leaving surgery even if you are not hungry yet. This is the most comfortable you will be for a while and your support person will be unable to leave for at least that day and night. I have been known to peruse the big gas station after surgery in search of snacks, my partner however simply waved to the nice people at the drive through and napped the rest of the way home before eating some hours later.
• Once you get home crash wherever you plan on spending the rest of the time. Don’t have friends or family over that first day. Just go ahead and sleep through the rest of the anaesthesia and get comfortable.
• Try and keep your home cool, and consider keeping the room dim for the first few hours if not days. Sleep is precious and pain meds can make you hot, and getting hot can lead to nausea. It is better to have the home cool and the person snuggled under blankets and comfortable than be trying to cool someone down who just had surgery and got too hot and is now dizzy, nauseous, and miserable. The least stimulation for the first little while the better, and naps will happen throughout the rest of the day and over the next few days. A cool, dim place lets this happen much easier than a bright, warm place where they might be overstimulated or awakened by noise or activity.
• If allowed, try and activate the quad muscle immediately after returning home and once every few hours by having them squeeze it and feeling for contraction while in the brace. Some people will be able to begin range of motion exercises immediately and if so, make sure to do them as soon as allowed even if that means just helping them by doing gentle manual range of motion movements in the brace.
• If it’s not already on, begin continuous icing as soon as you come out of surgery either by meticulously timing the replacement of ice packs or with the ice machine. Make sure to check the ice machine, replace ice as often as needed, and keep it on *continuously* for the next few days. For us this meant I checked it at every medication dose throughout the night and added ice during that time as well. We went through frozen mini water bottles and bags of ice like crazy the first week.
• Elevate the surgical leg as high as possible, placing support under the heel and calf but not directly under the knee to promote extension and prevent more headaches with gaining range of motion later on.
  • We found that icepacks directly under the knee helped tremendously with the discomfort associated with this.
• Anticipate that bathroom trips will not be fun or easy and take them extremely slow. As a caregiver allow the person to guide you on what they need and don’t need your help with and avoid grabbing or moving someone unexpectedly. Standing, acclimating to being upright, and then proceeding to the bathroom is the best way to do things and rushing will only result in frustration for both of you. A rolling chair or wheelchair can be helpful, but for some people standing up and sitting down is harder than just moving on to the bathroom. Pay attention as a caregiver and know that it is possible they may need your help getting off the toilet or back from the bathroom so be close by and available should that happen. For the first few days do not lock the bathroom door in case of an emergency.
• Place chairs or things to sit on around your path to the bathroom, kitchen, etc. And consider a small backpack or using a rolling chair to carry items around the house.
• Once you know when your next dose is, set alarms for each time your doses are due. If using the med boxes this makes doing meds and keeping track very easy, as they are each labelled with a time and all we had to do was open the box and take the meds instead of finding each bottle and dosing each med individually each time. As the days went on we were able to re-label and time the boxes as needed and remove meds as needed or adapt to what was needed when sleeping or up during the day.
  • For example day 1 would look like:
    • First post-op doses at 4pm box: 250mg tylenol, 10mg oxycodone, 5mg edible.
    • 8pm box: 250mg tylenol, 10mg oxycodone, 800mg ibuprofen, 10mg edible, 12.5mg diphenhydramine (itching and sleep), stool softener, and regular night time meds.
    • Midnight box: 250mg tylenol, 5mg oxycodone, 5mg edible.
    • 4AM: 250mg tylenol, 5mg oxycodone, 800mg ibuprofen, edible (if nauseas or restless).
    • 8AM box (preparing to get up): 250mg tylenol, 10mg oxycodone, 5mg edible, aspirin, stool softener, normal morning meds.
    • 12pm: 250mg tylenol, 10mg oxycodone, 5mg edible, 800mg ibuprofen.
    • Repeated on time, reducing pain med dose as tolerable, and refilling boxes 1x a day.
• If possible do scheduled tylenol (paracetamol) and ibuprofen (or another NSAID), alternating them on the dosing schedule, and take them religiously even through the night. This also goes for additional pain medications, which you will also need to wake to take through the night if you are prescribed for at least the first night.
• Staying on schedule might mean waking up in the night, but it’s better to be awoken to take meds than to wake up in pain and spend several hours trying to get it under control. You may find you seldom need them if your nerve block is in place, or you may just not need very much at all during your recovery. It is easier to trial run this after the first day by stretching out the time between doses from 4 to 6 to 8 and then potentially off entirely, but everyone will have their preferences.
• Eat a small snack with every med dose and keep emergency meds (extra pain med doses, nausea meds, etc.) at bedside as well as the next set of meds due so they can be taken when it is time.
• We found that edibles were a great addition to pain and nausea control after surgery. There are medication options available and having at least one option for nausea is advisable for the first few days after surgery when anaesthesia and medication can really make you want to puke.
• Expect absolutely nothing in the first few days post-op. Some people will feel well enough to move around, others will not be able to do anything but get up to use the bathroom. Expecting nothing is better than expecting more and being disappointed or frustrated. I would highly suggest not making plans until your first follow up 7 or so days after surgery.
• Be obsessive about icing, meds, any PT you have been given, and keeping track of appointments. Give yourself the best start to your recovery that you can and you will thank yourself later!

Context is at the end of this post __________________________________________________
In the stormy northern seas lies the island of Amaria. Under the polar lights in cold forests live the descendants of the once great Varaki, who in turn followed the mammoth herds across the steppes for countless eons. These are the gods and spirits of this land. They live in every tree, every lake, every star, deep below the ocean and beyond the polar lights in four domains.
The underworld, a place of transition between life, death and rebirth. It was made after the creation of the material to help souls find their way back to life. The spirits of this domain all take the shape of dragons with red eyes and golden patterns.

• Räkimarak: Lord of the underworld and of all its riches. Every stone, flint and gems alike, belong to him. A great violet dragon with enormous antlers. He reviews the lives of all that died and guides them to the new lives they deserve. Father of all dragons of the underworld.
• Idaka: Wife of Räkimarak, goddess of love and beauty. She resides at the darkest place, where her light shines the brightest. A violet dragon with a frill and wings of red rose petals with golden patterns. She stands for all encompassing unconditional love and reunites loving souls in their next lives. Mother of all dragons of the underworld.
• Kimorak: Firstborn son of Räkimarak and Idaka, guide of souls who escorts the souls of the dead into the underworld. A great black dragon with golden horns. Every mortal he touches sees and feels their life in great detail from the point of view of those they affected. In the process, mortals always see something they need to see.
• Galorak: Lord of caves and their denizes, bats. A small black dragon with bat ears and a bat nose. Caves are entrances to the underworld and bats are its sacred animals. They are not to be harmed. But since they are also messengers of death, one must keep a safe distance. Don't disturb the bats or Galorak may convince his older brother to take you too soon.
• Letorak: Messenger of the underworld. A small black dragon with golden antlers. Whenever Kimorak takes a soul, they often have something to tell their loved ones. Something they didn't have the time or the courage to say in life. It is Letorak's task to convey these messages through dreams.
• Vhedurak: The white dragon who heals souls between death and rebirth, so they don't take wounds from one life to the next.
• Ohnarak: Craftsman of the underworld. A great yellow dragon who can make anything out of the riches of this realm.
• Vahirak: Builder of the underworld. A great brown dragon with antlers he can use to dig new caves or cover up old ones as needed.
• Voomarak and Vothorak: The great hunters keeping the underworld free of demons preying on scared souls. Two emerald dragon who can turn invisible. The younger brother Voomarak has golden horns and is also the patron of boys and unmarried men. The older brother Vothorak has great golden antlers and is also the patron of married men.
• Mokorak, Kaharak, Roporak and Sukorak: The four golden-headed red dragons guarding the entrances to the underworld. Mokorak has the ears and nose of a bat, Kaharak has four horns, Roporak great antlers and Sukorak the wings and head of a barn owl.
• Tathorak: The great beast, god of violence and bloodshed, the only dragon of this realm who is not a son of Räkimarak and Idaka. A huge gray dragon with three heads, three tails and three pairs of wings. The most powerful beast in the cosmos, but devoid of empathy or understanding. He is imprisoned at the second deepest, darkest point of the underworld, where he guards the only being living even deeper below, the Nameless One.

The boundaries. This is the realm of souls and spirits, dreams and nightmares, the skies and oceans and all waters deep and shallow. This domain has existed before time even began. It is endless and timeless.

• Kavijohka: The moon, a great silver dragon with glowing teal eyes. Sister of Räkimarak and goddess of wisdom, cunning and battle.
• Vellamun: The ocean, husband of Kavijohka, a great blue dragon with red eyes and golden patterns. God of the unknown and lord of all waters. Sometimes, he stretches his hands out to land, creating bogs and swamps.
• Lukilan: The morning star, son of Kavijohka and Vellamun. He is the lightbringer who gives people the power of sight. An azure dragon with emerald eyes and a golden morning star on every scale and a third eye on his forehead.
• Sojulan: The great traveller, son of Kavijohka and Vellamun, a black dragon with red eyes and the neck and wings of a black swan. He travels between the waters, land and air and protects all fellow travelers.
• Turikan: Lord of storms, thunder and lightning. The loudest and most unruly son of Kavijohka and Vellamun. A blue dragon with red eyes and a golden lightning pattern on his scales. His tail is like a hammer, hurling lightning bolts at the ground as he roars.
• Lumika: Goddess of magic, daughter of Kavijohka and Vellamun, a silver dragon with teals eyes and scales shimmering with polar lights. She continues in the footsteps of her mother.
• Ilunika: Goddess of grief, daughter of Kavijohka and Vellamun, a silver dragon with teal eyes and the neck and wings of a black swan. She travels to and from the world of the living and the dead to take the grief of letting go upon her. Whenever she crosses the boundary, she has to go through the ocean and that is where tears comes from. That is why they are salty.
• Avastaja: The great trickster. A shapeshifter, usually appearing with the attributes of a barn owl. Most often as an owl-headed human or a fox/dragon with the head and wings of an owl. The youngest child of Kavijohka and Vellamun who defies all boundaries, uses the powers of all his/her siblings (except for Ilunika, because Avastaja has standards) to protect the jesters and jokers. But he/she is also a scolar and explorer, who uses Lukilan's light to find new ways to mess with people.
• Aiwana: Wife of Avastaja and goddess of memory. A shapeshifter, usually taking the same shape as her husband/wife Avastaja. She paints everything she sees into the skies and caves of Amaria and lives in every single one of the most sacred objects of all Amaria, the fairy memory stones. But Avastaja is rubbing off on her and sometimes, she plays tricks on you.
• The Ashirana: Goddesses of the arts, each of which has its own Ashiran patron. One for painters, wood carvers, musicians and for storytellers.

The world of the living. This is our material world.

• Kadath: The sun, greatest of all dragons with shining golden scales and golden eyes. God of justice who sees all... during the day that is. At night, his sister Kavijohka rules and she has a different idea of justice. Sometimes, she tries to turn the day to night, causing an eclipse. But in the end, Kadath always wins these confrontations. Especially when people light fires and cheer him on.
• Inari: Mother nature, goddess of life and all plants and animals. A great green dragon with wings and a frill made of flowers. She provides all food, but only as long as nature is in balance. Unlike her husband Kadath, Inaro does not care about justice, only balance. Those who anger her are punished mercilessly, no matter how long it takes, sometimes more than they deserve.
• Ilmania: Goddess of healing, firstborn daughter of Kadath and Inari. She was the first fairy, a tall woman with long pointy ears. Her descendant, although far shorter, are still endowed with her healing powers and compassion.
• Vrila: Protector of the home and hearth, patron of married women and the goddess of affectionate familiar love between equals. Secondborn daughter of Kadath and Inari. A woman, always accompanied by a cat and carrying a sling. The weapon of a lady, which requires skill and finesse instead of strong arms and can be more deadly than a bow in the right hands.
• Aria: Protector of girls and unmarried women, goddess of erotic love. A young woman with hair reaching to her ankles. She often reincarnates among mortals for fun. That is why the Amarians do not look down on women looking for fun. They might be dealing with a goddess in disguise.
• Mahaseta: The great white mammoth, goddess of the old world of Varaki. She and Inari together created dogs to protect humanity from dangers of the material and other worlds. All forest elephants and mammoths are her children and as such, sacred. But she was not born a goddess. Mahaseta was born a human. When Avastaja wanted to prove to the others that the material world and humanity are worth preserving, he appeared to Mahaseta in the most terrifying form and ordered her to sacrifice one of her own children to him. But Mahaseta refused. First she begged for the lives of all her children, then she offered her own life instead and when Avastaja refused, she spat in his face. No punishment could be worse than having to murder your own child. With these words, Mahaseta ascended to godhood.
• Retaro: Son of Mahaseta, who became a god by his mother's love. A great white tiger with blue eyes. Guardian of Amaria, lord of the forests and god of the hunt.
• Red Lady and Blue Knight: Also known as the Blue Lady and Red Knight. A pair of lovers who find each other in every new life they are born into. Living as mortals, they are the paragons of loyalty for all Amarians.

Evil. This is not actually a domain, but a state of mind. A very lonely one.

• The Nameless One: God of Evil, who goes by many false names. He lures mortals in with impossible promises to make them do his bidding. The Nameless One orders blood sacrifice and the killing of those who disobey him. He demands to worshiped and praised every day and is jealous of all those gods who receive praise without asking for it. Thus, the Nameless One also seeks to be the only one. No matter the cost to everyone else or even himself.

__________________________________________________
Context: I am currently working on a stone age fantasy novel and I'm sooo close to finishing it, but the last couple chapters are taking longer than expected. It's set on a forested island named Amaria\ at a time when people are making their first steps towards sedentary life and domestication** of plants and animals. Here is the pantheon I worked out for the Amarians.*
You can read my novel for free on Wattpad and Inkitt. I am planning to publish it on Royal Road too. If you know any other platform that might be good for fantasy stories, feel free to tell me.
\Amaria is short for "Amara Aria", which translates to "Gift of the gods/spirits". Aria means gift and Amara is the plural of Amar. The term Amar can not be literally translated into English. It's an umbrella term for all sorts of nature spirits, gods as well as entities one might compare to angels or saints. So it refers to a person with transcendent characteristics and always carries positive connotations.*
\*Dogs have been domesticated by the ancestors of the Amarians for tens of thousands of years already and are central to their culture. It is believed that they have the same souls as humans, so eating a dog would be considered cannibalism. So far the only other note on domestication I have in the books is the pruning of hazelnut trees to get more nuts. That's something I will change in later drafts. Nightshades will be far more important to the civilization emerging on Amaria in the coming millennia.*

Hey everyone!
Just wanted to share an incredibly catchy song I recently found/unearthed, that chronicles the trials/tribulations of the pre-2004 Boston Red Sox, from Babe Ruth to Buckner (1986 World Series) & beyond:

"One Strike Away" by the Wet Paint Band (1990)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qzgt-jUJuj8

I first heard this song in the early 90s, performed live in a baclub on Yawkey Way across from Fenway. I remember loving this song and paying $5 for a cassette that the band was selling, and we used to listen to it over and over, even putting it on a mixtape.
Fastforward to 2024 -- for some reason I thought of this song and tried to find it again, but could not find any trace of the existence of the song. (I had long since lost the original cassette.) After several attempts to ask about the song at various forums like redsox, I decided to recreate the song from scratch (entirely based off of 20-year-old memory - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rb-bxpHU-CQ) and start a thread at Lostwave . Based on some sleuthing, including uncovering a cached page of a 1991 magazine mentioning the song, we managed to track down the original band, who recently reached out personally to me (1) mentioning they themselves pretty much forgot about the song, and (2) sending me an .mp3 along with permission to share it / upload to YouTube!
Wet Paint Band is based in Rhode Island and still performs gigs off/on, including a recurring spot at PEG-RI PBS network where they cover 50's/60's/70's oldies songs. I have contact with one of the band members directly and am trying to convince them to do another live performance :p
Really enjoyed this song and it is a great crash course on the storied history of the Red Sox, from Babe Ruth to Ted Williams to Yaz to Clemens -- even got some positive comments from Yankees fans (respect!). Happy to unearth and preserve it from being "lost to time" and hope some people here enjoy it!