Appendices in apa example

Lord of The Rings

2010.01.03 18:33 mshiltonj Lord of The Rings

A place to discuss Lord of the Rings, the Hobbit, and any of Tolkien's work!
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2012.07.20 06:38 Joecracko Advice and answers from experienced practitioners

Here you may talk to and seek advice from old hats, certified instructors, and specialized trainers for the disciplines of parkour, freerunning, and l'art du deplacement. Instructors are also encouraged to share teaching techniques as well as contribute to questions.
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2012.12.11 05:43 Encouraging Progress since 2012

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2024.05.21 12:13 Many-Sale8199 Essential Tips for Writing a Stellar Research Paper

Hey Redditors,
I’m diving into writing a research paper and thought I’d share some tips that have helped me along the way. Whether you’re a newbie or looking to refine your skills, these pointers can guide you through the process.
  1. Choose a Clear, Focused Topic: Start with a broad area of interest, then narrow it down to a specific question or hypothesis. A well-defined topic helps you stay on track and makes your research more manageable.
  2. Conduct Thorough Research: Use a variety of sources—books, academic journals, reputable websites. Take detailed notes and organize them by theme or argument. Don’t forget to keep track of your sources for citations!
  3. Develop a Strong Thesis Statement: Your thesis is the backbone of your paper. It should be clear, concise, and reflect the main argument or finding of your research. Everything in your paper should support or relate to this statement.
  4. Create an Outline: Organize your thoughts and structure your paper before you start writing. An outline helps you see the big picture and ensures a logical flow of ideas.
  5. Write a Compelling Introduction: Grab your reader’s attention with a strong opening. Provide background information and clearly state your thesis. Your introduction should set the stage for the rest of the paper.
  6. Craft Clear, Coherent Body Paragraphs: Each paragraph should focus on a single idea that supports your thesis. Start with a topic sentence, provide evidence or examples, and explain how it relates to your argument. Use transitions to maintain flow.
  7. Use Credible Sources: Back up your arguments with evidence from credible sources. Peer-reviewed journals, books by experts, and official statistics are generally reliable. Avoid questionable websites and outdated materials.
  8. Analyze, Don’t Just Describe: Go beyond summarizing your sources. Critically analyze the information, compare different viewpoints, and explain the significance of your findings. Show how your research contributes to the field.
  9. Write a Strong Conclusion: Summarize your main points and restate your thesis (in a new way). Discuss the implications of your findings and suggest areas for future research. Your conclusion should leave a lasting impression.
  10. Revise and Edit: Don’t submit your first draft. Take time to revise for clarity, coherence, and consistency. Check for grammar, punctuation, and formatting errors. Consider getting feedback from peers or mentors.
  11. Properly Cite Your Sources: Avoid plagiarism by correctly citing all sources. Follow the required citation style (APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.) consistently. Proper citations add credibility to your paper and acknowledge the work of other researchers.
  12. Stay Organized and Manage Your Time: Break down the writing process into manageable steps and set deadlines for each. Use tools like reference managers (Zotero, Mendeley) to keep your sources organized. Staying on schedule reduces stress and improves the quality of your work.
Remember, writing a research paper is a process. Don’t rush it, and give yourself time to think, write, and revise. Good luck, and happy writing!
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2024.05.21 10:48 TheLifeGodGaveMe Is Emotional and Psychological Trauma Intergenerational?

Written by: NaTarsha Harris
What is trauma? In simple terms, according to the American Psychological Association (APA), “Trauma is an emotional response to a terrible event like an accident, rape, or natural disaster”. While this is an acceptable answer, I want an in-depth explanation that describes trauma in detail. So, again, what is trauma? The question may be simple but the answer is complex. Missouri’s Early Care & Education Connections explains that, [“… trauma results from an event, series of events, or set of circumstances that is experienced by an individual as physically or emotionally harmful or threatening and that can have lasting adverse effects on the individual’s functioning and physical, social, emotional well-being”]. Trauma is the result caused by a devastating experience. Many times, this result (trauma) prevents the victim from being able to live a healthy and productive life. Sometimes, unfortunately, the torment of the trauma lasts a lifetime. On the other hand, thankfully, the victim is able to overcome the trauma.
— A Broader Understanding Of Trauma —
Trauma consists of three principle categories:
  1. Acute trauma such as experiencing a car accident
  2. Chronic trauma such as being raised by verbally abusive parents, and
  3. Complex trauma such as a child who is abused at home, bullied in school, and disregarded by other people who are supposed to help keep them safe (i.e. teachers, counselors, other family members, friends and social workers) (Missouri’s Early Care & Education Connections).
Can you personally identify with any one of these three principle categories of trauma? Does the category of trauma that you identify with come from childhood, adulthood or both?
— The Trauma Most Familiar To Me —
I personally identify with complex trauma although the three examples provided in each category above are a few of the traumatic events I’ve directly experienced. The reason why, for me, it’s not acute trauma or chronic trauma is because it wasn’t just the car accident and it wasn’t just the verbal abuse at home. It was also the overall neglect, rejection, bullying, verbal abuse, physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse and psychological abuse, among other things. It was me being left alone, throughout the majority of my childhood, with no one to defend or protect me — not at home, school, public places, courtrooms, counselor’s offices or anywhere else. I’ve spent the majority of my adulthood encountering most of the same traumatic experiences I suffered as a child. On my quest to understand why my childhood was the way it was, I remember hearing mention of ‘generational curses’. My understanding of ‘generational curses’ is that it’s a spiritual battle that’s passed from one generation to the next. So, on a more pragmatic note, my question is:
— Is Emotional And Psychological Trauma Intergenerational? —
What does ‘intergenerational’ mean? According to the Oxford Learner’s Dictionaries, ‘intergenerational’ means, “including or involving people of different generations or age groups”. Now, my question (reworded) becomes, ‘Does an event of emotional and psychological trauma include more than one generation?’ As I dig deeper to find the answer(s), my question evolves from a general question to a personal one. Consequently, I’m now asking, “Did I experience (some of) my childhood trauma because of the childhood trauma that my mother, grandmother, great-grandmother and great-great-grandmother experienced?
My Conclusion:
In doing my research and truly pondering whether or not I’ve been personally affected by intergenerational trauma, I’ve come to the conclusion that I have certainly been affected. According to an article published by PsychCentral, “Intergenerational trauma is essentially what happens when adverse events or experiences are passed down from one generation to the next, often in unspoken and deeply complex ways” (Ryder & White, 2022, par 5). The American Psychological Association (APA) explains intergenerational trauma as being, “…expressed when the descendant of someone who experienced a traumatic event presents challenging emotional and behavioral reactions that are similar to their ancestor or relative”. In analyzing these two interpretations of intergenerational trauma, I’m able to assess my emotional, mental and social reactions to trauma and easily relate it to that of my ancestors. My ancestors that I know personally, as well as those whom I’ve heard other family members speak of, are all described as being: mean, quick-tempered and verbally, emotionally, mentally, and physically abusive to their children. These traumatic events caused their children to be mean, quick-tempered, and abusive as well. It also caused their children to result to using unhealthy coping mechanisms such as overeating, rage outbursts, domestic violence, substance abuse and promiscuity. Each generation of men and women, that I know of, from my great-great-grandmother to my generation, have all experienced the same traumas and have all responded in exactly the same ways. Along with the anger, rage, domestic violence, substance abuse and promiscuity is also severe depression and anxiety, suicidal ideations and attempts, criminal records, failed relationships and friendships, divorces, extensive (and seemingly irreparable) animosity between parent and child, among many other things. The intergenerational trauma has caused us to hurt each other and hurt ourselves.
— Something Has To Change —
Right now, I don’t have children and I’m so thankful to God. What I’ve went through in both my childhood and adulthood is something that I NEVER want my child(ren) to witness or personally experience! Although intergenerational trauma is a real thing that has infected, effected and affected many generations before me, it doesn’t mean that this trauma will remain a malignant, cancerous tumor that spreads to my children. It stops with me. I’m on a journey of healing mentally, emotionally and spiritually so that I can provide my future children with the love, assurance, peace, safety, support and comfort that I desperately needed as a child. This doesn’t mean that they will grow up to be the best people in the whole wide world; it simply means that they will know that they’re not in this huge world all alone and that mama loves them no matter what. In order for me to get to this place inside myself where I can provide my children with all these things, I have to face the generations before me. It’s not about confronting them or blaming them; it’s about understanding them and forgiving them. It’s about releasing them from the judgement and wrath. It’s about seeing the broken child inside of them and loving that child, even if I have to do it from a distance.
How do I do this? I contemplate their life story and identify all the ways in which their pain is my pain. Because I’ve personally experienced what they’ve experienced, I know their pain all too well. And, as I release them, I release myself. I give them permission to heal so that I too can be healed. It is now that I can sympathize with the generations before me. The sadness is so real. Their lives were so hard and, in many ways, unbearable. How can I continue to crucify them? I cannot.
References:
American Psychological Association. (n.d.) Trauma. Retrieved from https://www.apa.org/topics/trauma
Missouri’s Early Care & Education Connections. (n.d.) What Is Trauma? Retrieved from: https://earlyconnections.mo.gov/professionals/trauma-informed-care
Oxford Learner’s Dictionaries. (n.d.) Intergenerational. Retrieved from: https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/us/definition/english/intergenerational
Ryder, G. & White, T. (2022). PsychCentral.com. Retrieved from https://psychcentral.com/lib/how-intergenerational-trauma-impacts-families
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2024.05.20 20:07 Material_Baker8256 take my online class!!! Help on Reddit

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Considering the fact that you found my contact information online, it’s understandable to be skeptical regarding the legitimacy of my services. Therefore, I’m willing to do all of the following to help you feel more secure in trusting me with your academic needs:
MY REBUTTAL TO THE OBLIGATORY “IS THIS A SCAM?” QUESTION:
At the risk of sounding arrogant, I consider myself to be at least marginally more intelligent (both academically & socially) than the average person. Therefore, if I ever decided to suddenly risk prison time, risk my reputation, and risk enduring the wrath of modern-day “cancel culture” by scamming people out of their money:
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2024.05.20 08:07 caheo1294 Table Title in Appendix for each Chapter

hello everyone,
im writing a document using the document class "book", and I am having trouble with naming the Tables in appendices for each chapter.
I begin my appendix with\section, and these are my current codes:
\begin{subappendices} \setcounter{table}{0} \renewcommand{\thetable}{\Alph{section}\arabic{table}} \input{Appendices/AppendixC2} \end{subappendices} 
with these, the table titles always start with A1, A2,..., for every chapter.
What im looking for is, for example, Table A1, A2 for Chapter 1. Table B1, B2 for Chapter 2 and so on. I managed to achieve this using
\renewcommand{\thetable}{\Alph{chapter}\arabic{table}}
when I started my appendix with \chapter.
However, I do not want to treat my appendices as chapters; I want to treat them as sections.
Would you please help me with these without changing appendices as chapters?
Thank you xoxo.
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2024.05.20 03:12 gmjfraser8 Double spaced references?

So…help me out here. I’m in my last semester of my MBA program and I turned in an assignment today that netted me 29.55 points out of 30. Because my references were not double spaced? Now I know this professor is really strict about APA format and has provided examples of how he wants that papers to look. I COMPLETELY UNDERSTAND THAT! But no one has ever mentioned double spaced references in a prior course. I usually work with Word to format my citations and bibliography and have not had formatting mentioned once. Anyone else have this experience?
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2024.05.19 22:18 HalfBloodPrincess13 What does "utilize interiority vs. italics for thoughts" mean?

I'm currently querying a book and I got this rejection letter:
"Thank you again for your submission. You have an amazing foundation and the writing is lovely. But from a reader perspective, I found the overuse of italics to be distracting. The Chicago Manual of Style and APA have guidance on the use of italics in fiction writing, and generally say to use italics for emphasis (especially in dialogue). A great example of this is Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone is from a genre—upper middle grade fantasy—where the use of italics in dialogue is common.
As always, this is subjective and just my sole opinion. Other agents likely will differ, and you may have already secured an agent, so disregard my opinion.
So, I'm sorry. I will have to pass on this version. Should you ever revise in the future, and utilize interiority vs. italics for thoughts and deep POV, I'd be happy to consider again,
Thank you for considering me and best of luck with your future queries."
It seemed promising, but I write in the third person and I thought italics were used for thoughts. I'm not sure what the agent wants in this case. Do they want me to remove the italics and use "quotes" instead (though I think this is confusing to separate speech from thought) or are they looking for a 1st person's POV vs. 3rd person (if that's the case they probably aren't the agent for me)? Do they want more telling instead of showing in this case? Or is it something else entirely?
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2024.05.19 20:52 ScheduleAfraid1285 Pay someone to take my GMAT exam Reddit Pay someone to take my GMAT Test Online Reddit gmat online cheating reddit hire someone to take gre for me Reddit Pay someone to take psychometric test Reddit Hire someone to take gre for me online Reddit GMAT GRE Exam Taker for Test Help Reddit

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MY AVAILABILITY & RELIABILITY:
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As of 2021, I have tutored and helped students enrolled at the following U.S. universities community colleges county & city colleges schools for-profit institutions listed below in alphabetical order:
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I OFFER FLEXIBLE PAYMENT PLANS:
TUTORING AVAILABLE FOR OTHER SUBJECTS:
THE OBLIGATORY "IS THIS A SCAM?" QUESTION:
Considering the fact that you found my contact information online, it’s understandable to be skeptical regarding the legitimacy of my services. Therefore, I’m willing to do all of the following to help you feel more secure in trusting me with your academic needs:
MY REBUTTAL TO THE OBLIGATORY “IS THIS A SCAM?” QUESTION:
At the risk of sounding arrogant, I consider myself to be at least marginally more intelligent (both academically & socially) than the average person. Therefore, if I ever decided to suddenly risk prison time, risk my reputation, and risk enduring the wrath of modern-day “cancel culture” by scamming people out of their money:
HOW TO CONTACT ME:
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2024.05.19 08:00 EmpireDynasty Studies show that porn has a negative effect on men's attitudes toward women

Pornography has a negative effect on men's attitudes toward women, as many studies have shown.
Here are some examples:
Men’s Objectifying Media Consumption, Objectification of Women, and Attitudes Supportive of Violence Against Women: This study found that men who are frequently exposed to pornography are more likely to view women as sex objects and to endorse violence against women.
The Association Between Exposure to Violent Pornography and Teen Dating Violence in Grade 10 High School Students: This study found that exposure to violent pornography was a significant predictor of teen dating violence.
Less Than Human? Media Use, Objectification of Women, and Men’s Acceptance of Sexual Aggression: In this study consumption of pornography was associated with greater acceptance of objectification of women, which in turn was associated with greater rape myth acceptance and more frequent acts of sexual deception.
Pornography Use, Two Forms of Dehumanization, and Sexual Aggression: Attitudes vs. Behaviors: In this study, researchers found that pornography consumption is associated with both animalistic and mechanistic dehumanization, which predict sexually aggressive attitudes and behaviors.
Male Peer Support and Sexual Assault: The Relation Between High-Profile, High School Sports Participation and Sexually Predatory Behavior: This study indicates that frequency of pornography consumption is a significant predictor of committing acts of sexual violence.
Pornography, Individual Differences in Risk and Men’s Acceptance of Violence Against Women in a Representative Sample: This study found an overall positive association between pornography consumption acceptance of violence against women.
Pornography and Attitudes Supporting Violence Against Women: Revisiting the Relationship in Nonexperimental Studies: This meta-analysis study showed an overall significant positive association between pornography use and attitudes supporting violence against women in nonexperimental studies.
Pornography and Sexist Attitudes Among Heterosexuals: This study found a link between exposure to pornography and increased sexist attitudes against women.
Masculine Norms, Peer Group, Pornography, Facebook, and Men’s Sexual Objectification of Women: This study found that pornography use emerged as a unique predictor of greater objectification of women and making unwanted sexual advances toward women.
Fore more studies on porn check out these websites.
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submitted by ryanmark234 to nursinghelp2024 [link] [comments]


2024.05.19 00:34 John_Smith_4724 Online Nursing Exam Help Reddit Nursing Exam Taker Reddit Nursing Class Help Reddit do my nursing Class Reddit Nursing Assignment Help Reddit Nursing Homework Helper Reddit Nursing course Help Reddit Take my Nursing Course Reddit Nursing Test Quiz Help Reddit Hire Expert Reddit

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I HAVE PAID ACCESS TO OVER 15 STUDY-HELP WEBSITES AND MATHEMATICAL SOFTWARE:
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As of 2021, I have tutored and helped students enrolled at the following U.S. universities community colleges county & city colleges schools for-profit institutions listed below in alphabetical order:
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submitted by John_Smith_4724 to nursinghelp2024 [link] [comments]


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I HAVE PAID ACCESS TO OVER 15 STUDY-HELP WEBSITES AND MATHEMATICAL SOFTWARE:
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As of 2021, I have tutored and helped students enrolled at the following U.S. universities community colleges county & city colleges schools for-profit institutions listed below in alphabetical order:
Paid Help from Hiraedu: If You're struggling to handle your Online Exams, Assignments or any other coursework, get help from Hiraedu and pay after the exam. Contact details for Hiraedu is: WhatsApp: +1 (213) 594-5657 OR Call: +1 727 456 9641
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TUTORING AVAILABLE FOR OTHER SUBJECTS:
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Considering the fact that you found my contact information online, it’s understandable to be skeptical regarding the legitimacy of my services. Therefore, I’m willing to do all of the following to help you feel more secure in trusting me with your academic needs:
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Call: +1 727 456 9641
Website: hiraedu. com
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submitted by MortgageRich3613 to Statisticshelpers_ [link] [comments]


2024.05.17 22:36 ryanmark234 Biology assignment Helper for online homework assistance Help Reddit

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submitted by ryanmark234 to Studentcorner [link] [comments]


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I HAVE PAID ACCESS TO OVER 15 STUDY-HELP WEBSITES AND MATHEMATICAL SOFTWARE:
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I OFFER FLEXIBLE PAYMENT PLANS:
TUTORING AVAILABLE FOR OTHER SUBJECTS:
THE OBLIGATORY "IS THIS A SCAM?" QUESTION:
Considering the fact that you found my contact information online, it’s understandable to be skeptical regarding the legitimacy of my services. Therefore, I’m willing to do all of the following to help you feel more secure in trusting me with your academic needs:
MY REBUTTAL TO THE OBLIGATORY “IS THIS A SCAM?” QUESTION:
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My contact details:
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Call: +1 727 456 9641
Website: hiraedu. com
Email: [info@hiraedu](mailto:info@hiraedu). com
What are your Thoughts! Write in comments and ask for help if needed
Suggest more topic Ideas
Join this subreddit to help us grow!
submitted by Alone-End-202 to Studentcorner [link] [comments]


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MY AVAILABILITY & RELIABILITY:
MY EDUCATIONAL SOFTWARE OF EXPERTISE:
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As of 2021, I have tutored and helped students enrolled at the following U.S. universities community colleges county & city colleges schools for-profit institutions listed below in alphabetical order:
Paid Help from Hiraedu: If You're struggling to handle your Online Exams, Assignments or any other coursework, get help from Hiraedu and pay after the exam. Contact details for Hiraedu is: WhatsApp: +1 (213) 594-5657 OR Call: +1 727 456 9641
I OFFER FLEXIBLE PAYMENT PLANS:
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THE OBLIGATORY "IS THIS A SCAM?" QUESTION:
Considering the fact that you found my contact information online, it’s understandable to be skeptical regarding the legitimacy of my services. Therefore, I’m willing to do all of the following to help you feel more secure in trusting me with your academic needs:
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At the risk of sounding arrogant, I consider myself to be at least marginally more intelligent (both academically & socially) than the average person. Therefore, if I ever decided to suddenly risk prison time, risk my reputation, and risk enduring the wrath of modern-day “cancel culture” by scamming people out of their money:
HOW TO CONTACT ME:
Paid Help from Hiraedu: If You're struggling to handle your Online Exams, Assignments or any other coursework, get help from Hiraedu and pay after the exam. Contact details for Hiraedu is: WhatsApp: +1 (213) 594-5657 OR Call: +1 727 456 9641
My contact details:
WhatsApp: +1 (213) 594-5657
Call: +1 727 456 9641
Website: hiraedu. com
Email: [info@hiraedu](mailto:info@hiraedu). com
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2024.05.17 22:07 jennyacosta09 Hire Someone to Take My Economics Exam Reddit Pay someone to do my economics exam Reddit take my economics class reddit do my economics assignment online reddit Exam Quiz Test Homework Class Taker Hire Reddit Online Course Helper for Economics course Reddit Economics Exam Help Reddit

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ASSESSMENTS I CAN COMPLETE:
MY MATH SUBJECTS OF EXPERTISE:
I am very knowledgeable and proficient in assisting students in a wide range of mathematics classes. I can help students complete their homework assignments and other projects get an A on quizzes, tests, and exams (including proctored assessments) answer online discussion posts write essays & papers in MLA APA Chicago format and provide general overall academic help in each math course listed below:
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Paid Help from Hiraedu: If You're struggling to handle your Online Exams, Assignments or any other coursework, get help from Hiraedu and pay after the exam. Contact details for Hiraedu is: WhatsApp: +1 (213) 594-5657 OR Call: +1 727 456 9641
ATTRIBUTES THAT SET ME APART FROM OTHER TUTORS:
I CAN AID STUDENTS TAKING PROCTORED ASSESSMENTS:
I CAN VERIFY MY ACADEMIC KNOWLEDGE & SKILLS:
I HAVE PAID ACCESS TO OVER 15 STUDY-HELP WEBSITES AND MATHEMATICAL SOFTWARE:
MY AVAILABILITY & RELIABILITY:
MY EDUCATIONAL SOFTWARE OF EXPERTISE:
SCHOOLS FROM WHICH I'VE HELPED STUDENTS IN :
As of 2021, I have tutored and helped students enrolled at the following U.S. universities community colleges county & city colleges schools for-profit institutions listed below in alphabetical order:
Paid Help from Hiraedu: If You're struggling to handle your Online Exams, Assignments or any other coursework, get help from Hiraedu and pay after the exam. Contact details for Hiraedu is: WhatsApp: +1 (213) 594-5657 OR Call: +1 727 456 9641
I OFFER FLEXIBLE PAYMENT PLANS:
TUTORING AVAILABLE FOR OTHER SUBJECTS:
THE OBLIGATORY "IS THIS A SCAM?" QUESTION:
Considering the fact that you found my contact information online, it’s understandable to be skeptical regarding the legitimacy of my services. Therefore, I’m willing to do all of the following to help you feel more secure in trusting me with your academic needs:
MY REBUTTAL TO THE OBLIGATORY “IS THIS A SCAM?” QUESTION:
At the risk of sounding arrogant, I consider myself to be at least marginally more intelligent (both academically & socially) than the average person. Therefore, if I ever decided to suddenly risk prison time, risk my reputation, and risk enduring the wrath of modern-day “cancel culture” by scamming people out of their money:
HOW TO CONTACT ME:
Paid Help from Hiraedu: If You're struggling to handle your Online Exams, Assignments or any other coursework, get help from Hiraedu and pay after the exam. Contact details for Hiraedu is: WhatsApp: +1 (213) 594-5657 OR Call: +1 727 456 9641
My contact details:
WhatsApp: +1 (213) 594-5657
Call: +1 727 456 9641
Website: hiraedu. com
Email: [info@hiraedu](mailto:info@hiraedu). com
What are your Thoughts! Write in comments and ask for help if needed
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2024.05.17 21:53 UniversalSurvivalist What does MK Ultra, 'You'll own nothing and be happy' WEF slogan and Nicole Kidman have in common?

What does MK Ultra, 'You'll own nothing and be happy' WEF slogan and Nicole Kidman have in common?
"There will be in the next generation or so a pharmacological method of making people love their servitude and producing dictatorship without tears, so to speak, producing a kind of painless concentration camp for entire societies so that people will in fact have their liberties taken away from them but will rather enjoy it."
Julian Huxley, brother of Aldous (best known for his 1932 novel 'Brave New World'), was the first director of the United Nations (UN) Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). He was also the President of the British Eugenics Society.
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is a set of international development goals from 2016 to 2030, which was adopted by the UN Sustainable Development Summit held in September 2015 which built on the success of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).
Sustainable Development = The Great Reset!
The Huxley's are one big satanic clan. Julian was one of the big promotors of transhumanism. Thomas Henry Huxley was one of Darwin's elite buddies, defending his satanic evolution theory hoax and was nicknamed 'Darwins Bulldog'.
In 1956, Julian Huxley’s relative and MKULTRA Australia coordinator, Leonard G.H. Huxley, was elected to the Council of the AAS and he became Vice-President the following year. During this time, the headquarters of ASSA were located on the grounds of the ANU in Canberra, which Leonard was the Chairman of. ASSA was also influenced by the Carnegie Corporation and the pro-eugenics UNESCO which Julian Huxley founded. The ASSA council met with the heads of UNESCO Australia in October, 1956 and worked together to decide the direction of their eugenics program in Australia.
Strehlow would go on to contribute the ‘Aborigines Project’ at ASSA with contributions from MKULTRA Doctors Ronald Taft and John Phillip Sutcliffe. The project was headed by Charles D. Rowley who was a founder and principal of the previously mentioned intelligence front, ASOPA.
Leonard G.H. Huxley also supported weaponized anthropology outside of the AAS. In 1965 Huxley was the head of the Australian Fulbright Scholarship program at USEFA, which transferred MKULTRA doctors between Australia and the USA. In that year, Huxley accepts an application for a Scholarship from Dr. John D. McCaffrey from Stanford University. One of McCaffrey’s references was Gregory Bateson, a founder of the CIA and Project MKULTRA.
McCaffrey’s proposed research outlined a visual approach where he would record feedback from Aborigines in the form of their artwork.[19] This study mirrored an unethical MKULTRA experiment by U.S. Military Doctor, Alexander H. Leighton at the Japanese War Relocation Center at Poston in the Mojave Desert.[20] Both studies aimed to learn about the concept of feedback which is important in understanding human personality. The role of feedback was discovered in a brainwashing experiment at McCaffrey’s Stanford University.
The Institute of Psychiatry at Maudlsey Hospital – A base of Australian MKULTRA operations.
In 1936, Julian Huxley’s friend Julian Treveleyan, took part in a mescaline study at the Institute of Psychiatry (IoP) at the Maudsley Hospital in London. Trevelyan’s son suggests Julian Huxley tipped him off about the experiment. Julian Huxley’s brother Aldous later wrote ‘The Doors of Perception’, which detailed his experiences after taking mescaline. Treveleyan and the Huxley’s were distantly related as he later married the great-granddaughter of Charles Darwin.
Much of the IoP’s pre-WW2 finance came from the Rockefeller Foundation which enabled an exchange of doctors between the Maudsley and Nazi Germany. The IoP was originally a competitor to the notorious Tavistock clinic until it came under Tavistock control when the British Army & Intelligence crowd, including Dr. John Rawlings Rees and Eric Trist, started operating out of here. Julian Huxley later promoted the work of Dr. Eliot Slater at the IoP. At this point in time, Slater was the Vice-Chair of the British Eugenics Society and had a long history of working closely with MKULTRA Doctor, William Sargant.
From the late 50’s onward, the IoP was the home of MKULTRA Sub-project 111, directed by Dr. Hans J. Eysenck. According to the book Undiscovered Paul Robeson: Quest for Freedom, Maudsley Hospital was the “staging ground for European and African MKULTRA operations”. There is evidence that strongly suggests it was also a staging ground for Australian operations.
As Dr. Peter W. Sheehan explained, Prof. John Sutcliffe was the driving force behind MKULTRA Hypnosis research coming to Australia at The University of Sydney through his connections with Martin Orne. Prior to this, Sutcliffe was in contact with Eysenck who was Director of Subproject 111 at the time. Eysenck was an influential member of the British Psychological Society and so was an Australian Army Psychologist, Donald W. McElwain, who had carried out psychological experiments at Maudsley in the early 50’s. It’s no coincidence that McElwain was the President of the Australian Branch of the British Psychological Society at this time (1958-1959).
While Eysenck had influence over Sutcliffe, Wendy A.F. Thorn was a student in Sutcliffe’s department studying hypnosis and multiple personality disorder with MKULTRA Sub-project 84 Doctor, Frederick J. Evans. She would later engage in research financed by the Australian Branch of the British Psychological Society (with assistance from Eysenck) at Leonard Huxley’s Australian National University, before travelling over to the IoP to begin research with Eysenck himself.
The funding that helped Martin Orne establish Sub-project 84 at The University of Sydney was recieved through the Human Ecology Fund, specifically under a project titled, ‘Attitude Formation, Decision Matrices’. Eysenck also recieved his Sub-project 111 finance under the same title. It seems that both Sub-projects 84 and 111 were related and both had influence over Australian operations.
In 1975, Dr. Martin Seligman went to the IoP at Maudsley on a ‘sabbatical’. It was here he was introduced to Eysenck and worked with IoP staff to study phobias and obsessions while developing his Learned Helplessness theory which later became the basis of the CIA’s 2001 torture program. Dr. Stanley Rachman was at the IoP at this time and he had published studies with Seligman that helped to develop his theory. Seligman’s work at the IoP was in the same year that Kidman was involved with Learned Helplessness research on sheep in Australia. In 1977, Eysenck gave a lecture at The University of Sydney on his Australian tour.
Other Australian Maudsley connections are apparent from William Sargant’s involvement at the hospital. It was Sargant that had influence over the serial killer and MKULTRA Doctor, Harry Bailey. Dr. Ardie Lubin was based at the IoP until he left to study with Dr. Jacqueline Goodnow at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research.[53][54] Shortly after these studies, Jacquline Goodnow and her husband Robert would be working with Dr. John Gittinger at Psychological Assessments Associates (PAA) – before coming back to Australia in 1972. Their official association with PAA didn’t end until 1974, around the same time Fiona Barnett alleges Gittinger was in Australia working with Dr. Antony Kidman.
Nicole Kidman recently created the ‘Dr. Antony Kidman Scholarship in Health Psychology’ at the IoP. This could only be a coincidence if you have your eyes wide shut…
In March this year, Nicole paid a visit to the IoP (now the IoPPN) to create the ‘Dr Antony Kidman Scholarship in Health Psychology’. This was made in memory of her father who died less than a month after MKULTRA Victim, Fiona Barnett, complained to the Australian Health Practitioners Regulatory Agency (AHPRA) about Antony’s abuse.
In that complaint, Fiona alleged that Antony Kidman and Australian Theater Legend, John Bell raped her at a party in 1984 at the Kidman Family House in North Sydney. Fiona also alleges that Nicole witnessed Antony physically assault her the morning after while shouting, “Do you remember, now?!” until Fiona said “No.”. Fiona suffered from Multiple Personality Disorder (or Dissociative Identity Disorder) as a result of abuse like this.
Possibly due to her real world experience, Nicole later played a psychologist in ‘Batman Forever’ who specializes in Multiple Personality Disorder.
Australian Positive Psychology & Buddhism conference has multiple links to the CIA.
Since 2006, a series of yearly conferences that jointly promote Buddhism and Positive Psychology have been held in Sydney. They’re called the ‘Happiness and It’s Causes’ conferences and the chief organizer is the Dalai Lama (via the Vajrayana Institute). The Dalai Lama is a well documented CIA asset with a long history of financial support from the agency.[60] Interestingly, the first conference was held in the Sydney Masonic Centre. The featured line up usually includes a mixture of Positive Psychology promoting psychologists, Buddhist scholars, monks and a few Australian Broadcasting Corporation employees. These journalists and media figures promote Positive Psychology, Buddhism and other attendees in their own time.
In 2008, CIA Doctors Seligman and Kidman attended the conference and gave talks which promoted Positive Psychology and its potential role in education.[63] School Principal of Geelong Grammar, Stephen Meek, was also in attendance and he was also selling the idea of ‘Positive Schools’. Meek was the first School Principal in Australia have approved the program. In 2015, Meek told the Child Abuse Royal Commission that he was more interested in protecting his schools reputation than exposing pedophiles existing within his school.
Two CIA assets promote Positive Psychology & Buddhism at a conference in Sydney.
Kidman’s emissary, Dr Sarah Edelman was there in 2007 with the Dalai Lama. (You can find Edelman’s meditation CD’s for sale at the Theosophical Society. Meditation can lead to mania, depression and psychosis.) Australian False Memory Association Advisor & Associate of Dr. Martin Orne, Dr. Graham Burrows, was also in attendance.
Another 2007 speaker was B. Alan Wallace who is an expert in Tibetan Buddhism from Stanford University. Wallace works on the on the Cultivating Emotional Balance project with CIA & Military psychologist Paul Ekman and his daughter Eve Ekman. The Dalai Lama is a strong supporter of this project, having played a crucial role in its creation in 2000. Another speaker to be at the conferences was Bob Carr, who is a previous attendee of the Bohemian Grove and a CIA supporter.
This years event headlined Eve Ekman.[78] She’s the daughter of former Chief Psychologist of the United States Army, Paul Ekman who owns the Paul Ekman Group, which has worked with the CIA and FBI. Eve works for her father’s group and so does an, ex-Secret Service, ex-Army Interrogation & PSYOP expert, Paul Kelly, as the Director of Law Enforcement and Security workshops in the USA.[81] Vice-President John Pearse is also connected with intelligence, working for the Anti-Terrorist Branch at New Scotland Yard in London and he has been responsible for the design and delivery of a number of counter-terrorism seminars.
In the late 1960’s, Paul Ekman worked alongside The University of Western Australia (UWA) on weaponized anthropology in Papua New Guinea.[83] At this time, UWA was a hub of MKULTRA research with Prof. Ronald Taft making use of his CIA money in similar studies. Interestingly, Ekman’s research was on the exact same tribe that Dr. Leonas Petrauskas, Dr. Vin Zigas and Dr. Carelton Gadjusek had focused their MKNAOMI linked research on. Ekman’s finance for this study came from the Advanced Projects Research Agency (ARPA) and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research.
Just a year after working with the Dalai Lama to create the CEB project, Ekman was approached to join the CIA’s torture program that started at Martin Seligman’s house. Ekman denies joining the program, however he does admit his research assists interrogators. The Ekman Group offers training to detect lies and analyse body language which becomes useful for interrogation and mind control purposes.
Could Positive Psychology be MKULTRA Mind Control?
The term ‘Positive Psychology’ was coined by MKULTRA doctor, Abraham Maslow to describe his work. Albert Ellis was the “unsung hero of positive psychology” and gave a seminar at the CIA’s Esalen Institute in the 60’s to demonstrate his original work. Albert Ellis was influential in the careers of CIA Doctors & Positive Psychology pioneers, Dr. Martin Seligman and Dr. Antony Kidman.
Dr. Aaron T. Beck is the father of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) which was developed with Ellis and helped to form Positive Psychology.Beck was a Military Psychologist at Walter Reed Army Hospital who also went on to influence Seligman and Kidman. Beck ended up on the Advisory Board of the CIA’s False Memory Syndrome Foundation, having been personally invited by the head of MKULTRA Sub-project 84, Dr. Martin T. Orne.
In 1998, Martin Seligman introduced Positive Psychology in his first address as President of the American Psychological Association with his fellow APA member, Dr. Antony Kidman in attendance. Three years later, Seligman would use his life’s research to develop the torture program with the CIA and SERE (Survival, Evasion and Resistance and Escape). SERE is an organisation which was developed using MKULTRA research from the Kubark Manual and the Phoenix Program.
Positive Psychology is continuing to make its way into the Australian School System. In the 2015 Keynote Address of the Positive Schools Conference, Toni Noble, an attendee of the Happiness & it’s Causes Conferences and a lead author of the pro-paedophile ‘Safe Schools Framework‘, quoted the current director of ASIO and his desired need for ‘greater social cohesion’ to combat ‘youth militant extremism’. Noble proposed that Positive Psychology was the best way to achieve this objective.
“American Soldiers Brainwashed with Positive Thinking.”
A major red-flag against the introduction of such a program into schools would be the fact that the U.S. Military paid Seligman over $30 million dollars to create the ‘Comprehensive Soldier Fitness Program’ in 2008. This program was a blatantly unethical research project that used the guise of a fitness program to hide its true intentions. It effectively threw away the soldiers right to informed consent and turned them into human-guinea pigs. In this experiment, soldiers were taught to how to think and respond more obediently with the aid of Positive Psychology, rather than use their own critical thinking. The U.S. Army admits the purpose of this was an attempt to make an ‘indomitable army’.
One component of the program was ‘Spiritual Fitness’. This inappropriately forced the idea that religion was essential to achieve better mental health. Positive Psychology promotes Buddhism from within its own core tenets and just like the conferences in Sydney, this seems to be an attempt to blur the lines between Eastern philosophy and Psychology.
In his criticism of Seligman’s Positive Psychology, Dr. Kirk J. Schneider has shown that high levels of positive thinking correlate with Positive Illusion, which distorts reality:
“What the researchers don’t help us to understand-and what will be essential to understand if we are ever to substantively broach human vitality-is how positivity ratios also appear to correlate with destructive human tendencies. For example, a growing body of research appears to suggest that what the researchers call high positivity-a disposition to pleasant, grateful, and upbeat feelings-is also correlative with a dimension called “positive illusion” (relative inaccuracy regarding reality); and that negativity (or what is generally characterized as mild to moderate depression) is correlated with relatively greater accuracy concerning reality. These findings, moreover, also appear to square with recent correlations between highly positive people and suppressed psychological growth, inability to self-reflect, and racial intolerance.”
When we have a thought and behaviour modification program being implemented into schools that was designed by an MKULTRA Doctor and used for the purposes of mind-control by the CIA and the U.S. Military – organizations which have both been behind the largest mind control operations in history to be used on innocent civilians – it seems obvious that it might not actually be trying to improve peoples lives. Positive Psychology and Positive Schools will only serve to further reduce the ability of people to critically think and understand reality. These negative effects are consistent with the goals of the eugenics project we know as MKULTRA.
submitted by UniversalSurvivalist to conspiracy [link] [comments]


2024.05.17 16:44 Strange_Curve5551 AITAH for telling someone they do a lot of un-helpfull helping?

TLDR version: Am I the AH for telling a cohort that they spend a LOT of time worrying about unimportant details and that I prefer not to reinvent the wheel?
Background: For my career, I decided to get yet another degree. I have an MD but did not keep my license because I work mainly in research. Now, I am getting a Master's in Nursing to get my RN and take DNP exams.
I have NEVER, nor do I ever plan to tell my cohorts I have an MD. I have also been a professor at MANY schools, including nursing schools and medical schools, but I don't tell this to my cohorts. A few of my professors so know; I have mentioned I have a PhD and that I studied "hippie medicine," but I never elaborate. I mean I am a medical director, so DUH, I HAVE to have an MD, but I never told them. It may come up at some point, but I really don't plan to tell them.
Ok, so I had to repeat some classes because they were done at medical school and were pass-fail, but this school needs a letter grade. Those classes were with undergrads, so I just ignored the absolute brain-numbing stupidity. But one example is a fellow student who used MY PRESENTATION as their own and did not even take my name off of it, and they still passed.
We are now in the graduate part of the program. All my cohorts must have at least a master's degree. We all have to have had a minimum GPA of a 3.5. We all cannot have failed a healthcare class, we all had to take an entrance exam and get at least 70% (I got 80% and had schools BEGGING me to apply and to give me scholarships).
We also have to get a minimum of 70% on any assignment and 80% or higher overall for every class. And we have periodic competency exams.
So this semester we have a CRAZY course load. 6 courses, all slamming us. The professors asked me to counsel students and do a peer support group thing, as credit for one of my courses, as I have been a professor previously.
So one woman is gung ho. Has no job, like online 24/7 constantly engaging in the group. NO biggie, let her. I interject and guide, but basically this is a group of adults, and I do not need to be seen as the leader.
the professors have basically daily, maybe more than once a day zoom calls. these are not mandatory; they give tips but are not mandatory. These people are FREAKING out when they miss one. I tell them that if they think it will help, watch, but really, there is no new info in them.
They all will pass info back and forth that they THINK they gleaned from the calls, but 90% of the time, they did not listen. They are FREAKING out about how we are graded, even though the score used is listed in the assignment. For example, one uses a DLC score and an SPI score. We get graded on the DCL. The SPI score will never be 100% because it is a competency score of graduates ready for boards, and we are not even close to that level yet.
I tell them, they tell me I must be wrong. I show them proof, and they argue, they email the professor, who asks, "Did you ask "Stange"?" they then tell me they don't think I am correct and ask other professors.
They complain that unit review questions are "wrong," which is not gonna lie. They often are. But 100% of every one they post, they are wrong. they get mad when I point out why they are incorrect.
They are all complaining about their grades on their papers this past week, but NOT A DAMN ONE used a reference. Of course, you will not get a good grade if you are not using references, citing them etc,
Then they were obsessed with Ref Works, which is quite useless. I suggested maybe using PERRLA, which is $75 a year, but it does the same thing and more. They tried to make me look crazy, as they claimed they had never needed anything like that. One said, " I have a PhD and NEVER had a problem with being told I plagiarized." and "What a waste of money"
This is hilarious for 2 reasons: APA formatting and archiving references are not ONLY about plagiarism, but they are all buying $200 note-taking templates and books we are not using for classes that are really expensive. But whatever, I have 100% in all the classes right now; they are all close to 80% and struggling.
THE NEXT DAY, the school started getting worried about this group and cheating because they were in the group that I was mentoring and gloating about cheating. The professor also told her she needed to use scholarly references, not random websites. And Ms. "I have a PhD," says she was dinged for a 99% plagiarism score. HOW? You claim you have a PhD but never learned how to find references.
So I taught them about the library, what to look for, how to cite, etc. They then asked what my score was; it was 1%, thank you very freakin much.
MEANWHILE, we have 6 courses, each one has close to 20 HOURS each of reading and work. They are so overfocused on unnecessary things. We are graded on the completion of certain tasks, NOT mastery. Stop making lists of assignments if you can't do them correctly. Stop telling me what you think I need to study. Obviously, you and I are on the same course. If you have not taken it before, and even if you have, you can't tell me what the test is about.
So in my cohort, I have the highest grade. Not that I am smarter, but more because I don't waste time doing what is not important, I follow directions, and I do master-level work, probably higher. A LOT of the next few weeks, the courses are designed to be next to impossible to complete if you don't follow steps, pay attention, and work smarter, not harder.
And really, when you use the TOOLS in our canvas and do things that they are told for you to complete and do them, then there really is not as much work as it seems.
I keep trying to point this out to my cohorts, they keep trying to reinvent the wheel and focusing on things that are not going to give them a return on their time worth the effort.
And back to the one lady without a job, barely passing the 70% requirement for assignments. She wants to lead, again I could care less. However, beware who you choose to follow peopel.
But now she is making a "weekly study guide" with her $200 good notes Skin. People are asking her what the extra assignments she is adding are and where she is getting dates and assignments from, and she's all over the place.
So I posted, "How about we all work smarter, not harder, and use the tools we already have?" and I posted a tutorial, AGAIN, on how to use the tools we have, how we are graded, where to find sources, again suggested PERRLA, etc.
She then started blasting me for not appriciateing her leading the group. and I said "Beware who you choose to follow".
AITAH? I mean, these people need help, and you are not a great student, nor are you good at your guides. Why reinvent the wheel when you can just get better grades if you follow the instructions already provided?
submitted by Strange_Curve5551 to AITAH [link] [comments]


2024.05.17 13:52 Dry_Associate_9244 Thoughts on the western regions vs eastern

This comes after the MSI Series today which i will not spoil for anyone so go ahead and watch the series if you want to know what happened.
As to this post i just wanted to discuss a few opinions i had about the western regions vs the eastern region as it seems the west is just years behind the east which is crazy especially after the east dominating the game for 13 years since they joined the competitive scene in season 2.
I feel like there are some key issues and differences between the western teams and the eastern teams.
The first issue i see is that regions like NA and EU seem to only have one competitive team which absolutely hurts them because they go to international tournaments and get smashed by eastern teams that play in a competitive region where they are consistently under pressure and always playing vs top players.
NA and EU have really weak teams when you look at 2nd seeds down which comes down to organisations that play in the leagues. It feels like the pro players in the lower seed teams don't improve at all and they are happy just being along for the ride. They only know how to play 2/3 champs max and they don't expand. The orgs need to change their process and start becoming more competitive. Could this be due to the fact that there is nothing for them to lose if they finish last ? like they just come back next split and take the 10th seed again without any improvement.
While i understand that riot put in place rules to make sure that orgs in the LCS/LEC can financially support their player etc i feel like the older system where bottom two/three teams should be demoted to the academy leagues and let academy teams promote to the main tournament. This will give the teams a kick to actually push for wins and practice harder rather than just spamming games for no reason.
Another issue is that the player champion mechanics and champion pools are years behind the east. If you look at the eastern players they can pull out almost any champion and play it to the best of it's ability where are the west player can't do the same. When you watch pros play on streams they just spam games and don't really consider improvement at all.
I feel like the pros should be given champions by the coach that they need to play and learn how to become great players on multiple champs rather than just 2/3. Each team should have a few analysts that help players review individual game play in solo queue as well as team games and help them improve champion mechanics. This would help the players actually improve as it seems they always lose out on the smallest of things that turn the tide of the games.
Another issue is that western teams only team fight and win those fights when it's set up perfectly for them which is almost never the case as the perfect opportunities are rare in this type of game. The eastern teams are always willing to take a fight and they trust their individual skills and the skills of their team mates to win a fight from behind. Western teams stand no chance when from behind and they slowly beed out. I feel like working on team play and practicing team play, position etc needs a lot more work from the western teams.
Player pool for each role again makes it hard to the top teams to perform internationally. For example take the likes of APA or Caps who are strong midlane players. They have no real competition that would let them consistently play vs players at their level or the level of fakechovy etc while they perform on the internationall stage individually the rest of the team doesn't because their roles are not as competitive in EU the bot, jungle and toplane roles have next to no competition as they are dominated by 1 player.
Maybe EU/NA need to import better coaches from the LCK and the LPL and let them structure how the team trains and plays to be more like the east ?
for 13 years the western style of play has not work and it's still not working. You cant tell me that what the western teams are doing is correct otherwise they'd win international tournaments or at least they'd always get to the top 4 slots. NA especially has soo much money pumped into it but they can't compete ?
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2024.05.17 07:17 theconstellinguist People Are Less Likely to Help Those They Envy, and When They Can't Get Away With Not Helping, They Make Them as Dependent As Possible as a Way to Level them and Relieve Feelings of Inferiority

Envy and Help Giving, Part 1
https://psycnet.apa.org/fulltext/2020-62974-001.pdf
One of envy’s instantiations is to increase, not decrease, dependence to keep someone down as a manifestation of malicious envy. They are actively disabled and kept dependent on purpose if their independence is especially aggravating to the envier’s self-esteem.
In this research, we explored and demonstrated a relatively implicit and covert means of undermining envied targets—namely, helping them in a way that retains their future dependence, rather than in a way that increases their autonomy.
Unfavorable social comparisons trigger envy in those who make the person about themselves (social comparison) instead of admire (just seeing them, for the period of admiration).
In the current research, we focused on unfavorable, upward social comparisons, which are comparisons individuals make with others whom they perceive as superior to themselves. These upward social comparisons often trigger envy. Envy is among the most powerful emotional forces of human nature.
Envy is based in lack circuitry, namely not having something. This is slightly different than fear of loss circuitry, so it is less about pathways of addiction which implies possession of the addicting substance and another about unmet desire.
In addition to being conceptualized as a dispositional trait, envy also is defined as a situationally driven emotion—namely, as a state that occurs “when a person lacks another’s superior quality, achievement, or possession, and either desires it or wishes that the other lacked it” (Parrott & Smith, 1993, p. 906)
Malicious envy entails hostile feelings, thoughts and actions aimed at harming the envied other
According to the first account, malicious and benign envy vary not only in consequences but also in feelings and thoughts, with malicious envy entailing hostile feelings, thoughts, and action tendencies aimed at harming the envied other and benign envy entailing feelings, thoughts, and action tendencies aimed at improving the outcome of the envious person (van de Ven, Zeelenberg, & Pieters, 2009)
Painful feeling of envy instigates malicious motivations
We primarily focused on help-giving behaviors, and we examined and demonstrated the notion that to the extent that the painful feeling of envy toward an upward social comparison target instigates malicious motivations, it impedes helping behaviors and particularly affects the type of help that is provided to the envied target.
Envious people belittle, deceive, victimize, sabotage and undermine those they envy. All around, it shows dehumanization of the envied.
For example, envious people have been found to belittle those they envy (Salovey & Rodin, 1984; Vecchio, 1995); experience schadenfreude, that is, take pleasure in their suffering (Lange et al., 2018; R. H. Smith et al., 1996; van de Ven et al., 2015); deceive them; victimize them; sabotage their outcomes; and socially undermine them (Duffy, Ganster, & Pagon, 2002; Duffy et al., 2012; Gino & Pierce, 2009; Jensen, Patel, & Raver, 2014; E. Kim & Glomb, 2014; Moran & Schweitzer, 2008; Salovey & Rodin, 1984; Silver & Sabini, 1978; R. H. Smith & Kim, 2007; Vecchio, 1995).
Increasing future dependence is seen as a way of covertly undermining envied target from engaging in behaviors that aggravate envy.
We add to this literature by exploring and demonstrating a relatively implicit and covert means of undermining maliciously envied targets— namely, helping them in a way that retains their future dependence, rather than in a way that increases their autonomy.
When family or friends do not feel that their envy is acceptable, they will engage in covert rather than overt actions that they think will not allow them to go detected as participating in behind the scenes antisocial behavior against the envied
Consequently, we postulated that following upward envy-evoking social comparisons, people who encounter malicious motivations may opt to vent these motivations by using subtle and implicit means to undermine their envied targets (Jensen et al., 2014), especially in contexts in which individuals are generally expected to help and cooperate with each other (e.g., among friends, family, colleagues in the workplace, or members of the same team). In the present research, we used the context of teams to explore such potential subtle undermining and malicious consequences of envy.
Envy is strongly associated with a threat to one’s self-esteem (Tesser, 1988) and is predominantly evoked when the comparison target is otherwise similar and when the comparison domain is self-relevant (Feather, 1989, 1991; Parrott & Smith, 1993; Salovey & Rodin, 1984; R. H. Smith, 1991; Tesser & Collins, 1988; Vecchio, 1995, 2000)
In teams that are expected to work together, teammates in envy of other team members will maximize covert means of undermining
Moreover, given that teammates are typically expected to cooperate and coordinate with each other (Holland, Gaston, & Gomes, 2000), we postulated that when working in teams, envious people may be particularly prone to vent their malicious motivations by using covert means to undermine their envied peers
The fear of being envied leads to people increasing a prosocial interaction style. This can look like “And we couldn’t have done it without you” in donations style language or the trick some have been told of when someone is jealous ask them to help you to get them accustomed to feeling on your side. Seeking dependency implies incompetence to the envier, which lessens their feelings of inferiority. This study discounted gender, but interestingly this behavior is exactly what women are told to do when men are being aggressive towards them, implying that what the men may be feeling may indeed be envy for these women
First, the fear of being envied often increases envied targets’ attempts to ward off the potentially destructive effects of malicious envy—for example, by increased engagement in prosocial behaviors (van de Ven, Zeelenberg, & Pieters, 2010). To that end, envied targets may opt to request help from an envious peer as a means to flatter and praise them. Additionally, by seeking help, the envied target admits to at least some degree of dependency and incompetence, which in turn may lessen the threat they induce. Indeed, recent research found that revealing failures encountered on the path to success may be an effective means to reduce malicious envy (Brooks et al., 2019).
Less friendly and less generosity is a sign of increasing envy
Indeed, the fact that Rodriguez Mosquera et al. (2010) found that one of the key markers of being envied is the envied targets realizing that the envious individuals are becoming less friendly and generous toward them implies that encounters in which the envied target needs yet doesn’t receive sufficient support or assistance from envious others do in fact occur.
By opting to provide their peers with dependent rather than autonomous help, individuals can overtly conform (at least partially) to norms of cooperation and helping yet, at the same time, subtly maintain the help seekers’ incapability and dependency
In our work, we studied effects of malicious motivations toward envied outperforming others on help giving. We predominantly explored the type of help provided, distinguishing between two types of help: dependent help, which consists of providing the solution to the immediate problem only and thus reinforces recipients’ future reliance on others’ assistance, and autonomous help, where the helper also provides tools that develop the recipients’ capacities and enables them to later solve problems independently (Bamberger & Levi, 2009; Nadler, Harpaz-Gorodeisky, & BenDavid, 2009). By opting to provide their peers with dependent rather than autonomous help, individuals can overtly conform (at least partially) to norms of cooperation and helping yet, at the same time, subtly maintain the help seekers’ incapability and dependency
Envious people can be confused as non-envious people when understood in this way. One simply has to look if those they help become more or less dependent to see if they are envious or non-envious
. In organizational contexts, it also can serve as a source of power because of the reciprocal obligation incurred by the help recipient (Flynn, 2003b; Thibaut & Kelley, 1959), make people look cooperative, and enhance their perceived expertise and consequent performance evaluations, thereby boosting their self-esteem (Flynn, 2003a, 2006; Grant & Mayer, 2009; Hui, Lam, & Law, 2000; Warburton & Terry, 2000). On the one hand, envious people’s self-esteem threat (Tesser, 1988) may lead them to be excessively motivated to help others in order to gain the above-mentioned benefits. On the other hand, when contemplating whether to help an envied outperformer who triggers malicious motivations, additional factors may come into play and outdo these potential benefits. As noted above, these malicious motivations consist of the desire to level the gap by pulling down the envied target—that is, to belittle and otherwise harm them. Relatedly, numerous studies document a link between malicious motivations toward envied targets and schadenfreude, that is, taking pleasure in the maliciously envied target’s suffering (e.g., Cikara & Fiske, 2012; Hareli & Weiner, 2002; Krizan & Johar, 2012; Lange et al., 2018; Leach & Spears, 2008; R. H.
People are less willing to help a superior envied peer than a neutral peer. People show clearly marked lower willingness to help a superior peer.Hypothesis 1a: People will be less willing to help superior envied peers compared to neutral peers. Hypothesis 1b: The link between the type of peer (superior or neutral) and helping will be driven by feelings of envy and the consequent malicious motivations toward the peer. Specifically, increased feelings of envy toward a superior peer compared to a neutral peer will lead to relatively greater malicious motivations toward the superior peer, which in turn will lead to relatively lower willingness to help the superior peer.
Autonomous help is better for the receivers and more expensive for the givers, showing that those who provide true independence for others have stronger altruism drives.
When deciding whether to provide help, people also may contemplate about the type of help they provide: autonomous help or dependent help (Bamberger & Levi, 2009; Nadler et al., 2009). Autonomous help encourages recipients’ independence by providing tools that enable them to solve problems independently, while dependent help, which solely provides the solution to the specific problem, increases recipients’ dependency and need for future reliance on others’ assistance. Although autonomous help is often more beneficial for recipients (Geller & Bamberger, 2012), it obviously entails higher costs for its providers (e.g., investing more time and effort). From the helper’s perspective, recent work by Nadler and Chernyak-Hai (2014) found guiders were more likely to provide autonomous help to high- (vs. low-) status help seekers whom they viewed as more motivated and as sufficiently competent to make use of such help. We, however, offer that this may not be the case when the help seeker is a maliciously envied peer.
Moreover, given that envy-driven malicious motivations are typically socially unacceptable, and thus often not explicitly voiced (R. H. Smith, 1991; Vecchio, 2000), these hostile motivations are most likely to be manifested in covert, rather than overt, behaviors.
Extending this notion, we proposed that to the extent that the superior envied peer instigates malicious motivations, envious individuals are likely to prefer providing the superior peer with dependent rather than autonomous help. For maliciously motivated envious individuals, creating a situation in which the envied peer is dependent on them entails benefits associated with preserving a particular advantage, thereby restricting the disadvantageous gap and increasing their impaired self-esteem, sense of competence, and schadenfreude (enjoyment of others’ dependency and inability). Moreover, given that envy-driven malicious motivations are typically socially unacceptable, and thus often not explicitly voiced (R. H. Smith, 1991; Vecchio, 2000), these hostile motivations are most likely to be manifested in covert, rather than overt, behaviors.
When possible people will not help a superior other. But when it makes them look like they’re not team players, they will opt to make the person as dependent as possible to increase control to lower feelings of envy. They do not show that they care about the lowered opportunities this creates for other people that might have needed that person’s success. All they care about is relief from their envy.
Correspondingly, we expected the malicious motivations to be more observable in implicit behaviors, such as the type of help provided, than in the explicit decision of whether or not to help.
By keeping those they envy dependent, the envier is able to highlight their inability and dependence to attempt to get relief from aggressive feelings of hate and envy.
By opting to provide their envied peers with dependent rather than autonomous help, individuals can overtly be cooperative and help while at the same time subtly maintaining the envied help seekers’ inability and dependence.
Hypotheses
Hypothesis 2a: People will be less willing to provide autonomous help to superior envied peers compared to neutral peers. Hypothesis 2b: The link between the type of peer (superior or neutral) and type of help (autonomous vs. dependent) will be driven by feelings of envy and the consequent malicious motivations toward the peer. Specifically, increased feelings of envy toward a superior peer compared to a neutral peer will lead to relatively greater malicious motivations toward the superior peer, which in turn will lead to relatively lower willingness to provide the superior peer with autonomous help.
People who are prone to envy persist unnecessarily in comparing their own state with that of others
People who are prone to envy persist unnecessarily in comparing their own state with that of others (R. H. Smith et al., 1999). Recently, Lange and Crusius (2015) suggested that people also differ in their propensity to experience the different types of envy, that is, in their dispositional benign and malicious envy propensities.
Hypothesis 3: People with more envy will want to provide less help, particularly when the help-seeking peer is someone they perceive outperforms them.
Hypothesis 3: Individual’s dispositional malicious envy will be negatively related to their willingness to provide help, especially autonomous help to their peers, particularly when the help-seeking peer is an outperformer.
Doing things for someone without showing them how it’s done is a way to keep people dependent and resolve painful feelings of envy
, and three items measured their willingness to provide dependent help ( .92; e.g., “When helping Terry with a work-related problem, that I am more knowledgeable about than him, I would solve it for him, without showing him how I solved it”).4
People were much more willing to help someone they didn’t envy than someone they did.
In these analyses, we controlled for benign motivations in order to account for the possibility that participants may have been more willing to help the nonenvied (vs. envied) peer due to increased benign motivations,7 rather than increased malicious motivations toward the latter.8
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2024.05.17 00:49 stoelguus CMV: being involentary celibate (incel) is not a choice, like the name suggests.

Nowadays incel is often associated with a misogynist that blames his celibacy on women.
But I mean a person that can’t get laid and suffers other disadvantages in life due to their attractiveness.
It’s common knowledge that attractive people are treated better: ‘pretty privilege’. This is a real phenomenon. Reason why a phrase like: ‘face cards doesn’t decline’ exists.
An example of this is a recent tiktok video that blew up. It was a conventionally attractive woman doing nothing but lip synchronising a popular song. Tiktok’s algorithm also influences it’s popularity of course, but no doubt her attractiveness is a big factor.
This phenomenon is about attractive people, as a result of this, conventionally unattractive people are treated worse. Often in form of prejudice. Height, a conventionally attractive trait in men, is also influential. Shorter men commit more suicide, presumably due to lesser treatment.
https://www.cbsnews.com/news/height-and-suicide/
In contrast, taller men are more succesfull.
https://www.apa.org/monitojulaug04/standing
And to add a perhaps more relatable example: you undoubtedly have seen videos on social media of women demanding 6’+ men. Now this is not all women of course so take this example as a grain of salt.
Height is often associated with masculinity, taller men are often seen as more intimidating, earning them more respect.
Being the so called ‘truecel’ (true incel), a person with the traits named above at a really low level: so conventionally unattractive face and short height, is unfortunately treated worse in general. Deminishing their life’s quality, often caused by things they can’t control like height and certain facial traits.
I am not saying that when someone is conventionally unattractive, their life is over, like incels often say. I am saying that those people are unfairly hindered as opposed to attractive people.
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