Ap biology chapter 11

AFK Arena

2018.06.27 22:28 MrMesli AFK Arena

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2024.05.19 16:07 Least_Sky9366 Which AP class can I take online and finish in 4 months or so to impress colleges?

I will be a senior and my school doesn't offer AP, only 8 DE classes which I have taken. I'm looking to boost my college app with an AP class which I will take online self paced and will just pay for. Which class can I take that will impress colleges and also one that I can finish in a about 4 months before I apply? I'm interested most in taking AP Biology but I'm not sure if you can finish that in 4 months or not. I plan on starting this week.
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2024.05.19 16:06 Kocc-Barma Solving the supposed 80k Shinobi of the Alliance!!! With Manga only materials

My hardest so far, I heard about the 80k shinobi plot hole.
But I will try to answer it. This took me a lot of research because I needed to have the right panels to justify my explanation.
First, let's talk about the number of graduates in Konoha for each year. The number is actually 54.
https://meo3.comick.pictures/17-8UB7tuixMkTbk.jpg
The first image of this panel shows that there are three rows of benches in the classroom and each bench has three students. 3x 3= 9 per row. Since there are three rows. 9 x 3 = 27. So 27 students of so in Iruka's classroom.
Here we can see that Iruka and Mizuki are both teachers in charge of the Academy. Implying that Mizuki also has a classroom of 27 students.
https://meo3.comick.pictures/18-23HJz8HscZo65.jpg
Since Naruto is the only student who failed this year, we can assume that all the kids in the academy generally pass the exam. Meaning each year Konoha train at least 54 genins. Also this is a low estimate.
The fandom misconception is that the konoha 9 are the only one who becomes genin. While the characteristic of the Konoha 9 is that they were among the few new graduates who tried to be chunins.
Read Chapter 1 again and you will find a lot of other students in the panels https://comick.io/comic/00-naruto-digital-colored-comics/wq4Zw-chapter-1-en You can also see a lot of chunins/jonins we never met later in this chapter.
I can make it high estimate by adding this panel when Sasuke was a kid, where we see the first enrollment of kids https://meo.comick.pictures/1-fb1HN_rforJNw.jpg
You can count 77 kids.
And three adult behind Hiruzen, probably their professors.
Chapter 221 https://comick.io/comic/00-naruto-digital-colored-comics/RJ40O-chapter-221-en
My assumption from all this, is that we have to go for a high estimate of at least three classrooms each having around 27 students, meaning Konoha have 81 graduates every year.
Now in Part 2 of Naruto, the oldest active Shinobis we know outside of Hiruzen and Danzo, are the three sanins who I assume still graduated at 12, so 42 + 12= 54, which is Jiraya's age in part two. So 42 years ago Jiraya's generation graduated
So low estimate means that Konoha had around 80 graduates every year for 42 years. 42 x 80 = 3.360 genins. Among this we could argue that half managed to become chunin in part two. And maybe 1/5 jonin.
Also I think there can be genins who might not go through the academy. Since saw that Jiraya for example trained kids in Ame, I would assume that there could be more shinobis who were trained through a different path because they were needed or showed talents later.
Now people could argue that a lot of them died during the last wars, kyubi attack and alike. That is true but I assume that during wars and after them, there is likely a draft to fill in the ranks, and more shinobis are trained in an unconventional way that is not the academy.
And we don't see the death of many high ranking chunins and jonins in the wars we see. Seems like genins are the most likely to die. Chunin already survived very difficult test such as the death forest. We know that a lot of genins are sent like with the case of Obito and Rin. Jonins are top elite.
We can agree that the 5 shinobi villages have an equivalent man power.
So I simplify to 3400 x 5 = 17 k Shinobis trained by the 5 shinobi villages in the past 42 years. This is still a low estimate kinda.
We can Assume that the Samurai aligned the same number of men. Potentially leading the alliance to have 20k troops trained properly. With around 3k of them being samurai
I assume that a lot of Shinobis are sent in other villages and towns of the country in which their villages are. A lot of them are likely genins too, meaning they can be deal with crimes not directly involving high level shinobis like dangerous criminals. Some of them might have retired already.
I will add to this a class that likely exist in which are group of non shinobis who are trained by shinobis. Like some sort of pseudo genins. Since ninjas training can still be useful for military purpose even if someone cannot mold chakra. What lead me to believe this, is this panel during the search for sasuke.
https://meo3.comick.pictures/4-EZqtmwNhCtW7g.jpg You can see two people in this panel who walk by sakura and who have the backpacks typical of Shinobis where they store their weapons. I would assume that hidden villages might train militias made up of normal people who don't know ninjutsu, but who are taught taijutsu and bukijutsu(weaponry). This could be a request from the Lord of the Land and people running villages or towns. I don't think any of those two are affiliated to Konoha. I won't assume the number of these hypothetical militias
https://comick.io/comic/00-naruto-digital-colored-comics/QG3LG-chapter-356-en
Decommissioned shinobi : https://meo.comick.pictures/11-_EWRAQYg6Fuab.jpg Met by Jiraya and Naruto when they were looking for Tsunade.
Also since this is a shinobi alliance, I would assume that the other smaller villages send their troops too. As you can read here they are affected by the war
https://meo.comick.pictures/16-bBV9JLmbx3iCB.jpg In this panel you can see that the Shinobi alliance share intel with other Hidden Villages. We can also count maybe around 10 of them on the map.
So I assume they could add 1/4 more men. Since they seems to be around 5times smaller than the five big nations. I assume that together they could draft up to 1/4 of the 5 nations military. So 5k
20k + 5k = 25k
25k is enough for the Shinobi world in its entirety. Since they were fighting zetsus, who are not even genin level, zetsus have no jutsus other than camouflage.
So a non shinobi trained in taijutsu and weaponry would be enough to fight zetsus.
The rest of the 55k are all drafted people from all the villages, who received a quick training. I assume this because we have some evidence of that, which is that Kabuto's brother who I think is not a shinobi was involved in the war. But he could be one tho. https://meo.comick.pictures/14-zd6L13LcyQKIb.jpg
https://meo3.comick.pictures/15-ISmPUfVO-LBfv.jpg
Maybe he is a shinobi but I don't think he is.
But it's important to understand that irl armies can have 10 times their size in times of war through drafts. Here the shinobi alliance only had to draft 3 times its size.
Here is my take
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2024.05.19 15:46 Cultural_You_5256 I need education advice

I’m in matric and I want to apply for varsity. I want to apply with my grade 11 final results (to get provisional acceptance), but the problem is, (my marks are good) the only subject letting me down is my maths final mark, which makes me not qualify for most course criteria’s. However, my APS excluding LO is good and qualifies for most courses.
What would you advise me to do?
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2024.05.19 15:40 StudyWithXeno ProctorU Biology Final Exam 98% StudyWithXeno TG: @XenoMD StraighterLine

ProctorU Biology Final Exam 98% StudyWithXeno TG: @XenoMD StraighterLine submitted by StudyWithXeno to CheatOnlineExam [link] [comments]


2024.05.19 15:39 Rieju0311 W:Q50C25vats Fixer h: all on the right

W:Q50C25vats Fixer h: all on the right submitted by Rieju0311 to Market76 [link] [comments]


2024.05.19 15:38 SteveBolduc Fruits of the Spirit, Works of the Flesh - Bishop Barron's Sunday Sermon

https://youtu.be/o_Mem8NxmTw
Friends, we come to the Feast of Pentecost, the great celebration of the Holy Spirit. I want to focus on our second reading from the fifth chapter of St. Paul’s Letter to the Galatians, which I’ve used for years in spiritual direction. What you find there are what Paul calls “the fruit of the Spirit,” which he contrasts with “the works of the flesh.” Maybe you’re struggling and wondering, “What should I do? What path do I take?” Whatever is giving rise to the fruits of the Spirit in you is the path you want—and whatever is giving rise to the works of the flesh, stay away from. Mass Readings: Reading 1 - Gn 11:1-9 Psalm - 104:1-2, 24, 35, 27-28, 29, 30 Reading 2 - Rom 8:22-27 Gospel - Jn 7:37-39
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2024.05.19 15:31 Automatic-Cell1244 Chance me for ivies (specifically Cornell)

Hey all, I've seen a bunch of these posts before and I'd like to see what yall think about my chances at an ivy; in aiming more for Cornell College of Engineering. Stats below :]
GPA: UW 3.922 // W 4.415 SAT: 1370 (650 R&W 720 Math) didn't work for SAT 6 APs (only took ones relevant to my interests including physics, calculus BC, biology, etc)
Awards: ISR NROTC Scholarship recipient- 1 of 4 in MD, VA, D.C. area // Student of the year freshman year // Health Student of the year sophomore year // National Anatomage Tournament qualifier (regional winner on a team) // Recognition from Congresswoman Abigail Spanberger //
ECs: President of HOSA; organized a spring leadership conference at local hospital free of charge to any health students in the area (200+ attendance) + first year competition and qualifying through HOSA for a national competition // 1st alto sax 4 consecutive years in HS wind ensemble; 1st alto sax in county 3 consecutive years; 2nd alto district 2 consecutive years and state alto // 1st alto sax Mid-Atlantic band, JMU honor band, CNU honor band // Head Lifeguard 3 years // CPBLS instructor at Mary Washington Healthcare system // Math/ science tutor (calc, bio, chem) and sax lesson instructor // 200+ volunteer hours with Marines/other organizations // Varsity swimming 3 years (district champs 2 consecutive years) // Varsity Cross Country 2 years (individual awards) // Travel baseball regional champs (2 times 1st once 2nd)
LORs: Retired NASA analyst/ mathematical professor Health and Medical Sciences teache HOSA advisor (club) Saxophone professor currently studying in Paris, France
With this info I'd love to hear what yall think my chances are. I'd love to attend Cornell CoE for BME, but I'd also love feedback for T20s such as ivy league universities. If you need anymore info just ask
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2024.05.19 15:31 therock-20 Introduction to Physical Anthropology 15E 9781337099820

By Robert Jurmain INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY brings the study of physical anthropology to life! With a focus on the big picture of human evolution, the 15th Edition helps you master the basic principles of the subject and arrive at an understanding of the human species and its place in the biological world. Each chapter begins with new Student Learning Objectives and a chapter outline to help you focus your study time. Each chapter then ends with an expanded section of �How Do We Know?�, followed by a critical thinking question, designed to help cement your understanding of the concepts.
https://www.etextbook4u.com/product-page/introduction-to-physical-anthropology-15e-9781337099820
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2024.05.19 15:30 xiaolii [H] Lots of Games [W] Trade for Games or Paypal (EU)

Last Updated List: 19/05/2024
 
I'm primarily looking to trade for games from my wishlist, otherwise I am also open to selling them. I am not interested in games I already have and all games I'm getting are for me and activated on my own account. Other than that feel free to offer your list of Steam games and something I may not have and fulfills my criteria I could/would be willing to trade for it/them.
If you're either trading or buying please state the game(s) you are interested in and your offer (game(s)/list/price).
 
Info:
 
I kindly ask of you is to be reasonable when making offers to make it a fair trade for both of us.
Let's have a good exchange/trade!
 
List of games:
submitted by xiaolii to GameTrade [link] [comments]


2024.05.19 15:30 xiaolii [H] Lots of Games [W] Trade for Games or Paypal (EU)

Last Updated List: 19/05/2024
 
I'm primarily looking to trade for games from my wishlist, otherwise I am also open to selling them. I am not interested in games I already have and all games I'm getting are for me and activated on my own account. Other than that feel free to offer your list of Steam games and something I may not have and fulfills my criteria I could/would be willing to trade for it/them.
If you're either trading or buying please state the game(s) you are interested in and your offer (game(s)/list/price).
 
Info:
 
I kindly ask of you is to be reasonable when making offers to make it a fair trade for both of us.
Let's have a good exchange/trade!
 
List of games:
submitted by xiaolii to indiegameswap [link] [comments]


2024.05.19 15:26 KKKirilow Did i use all my luck for 2024 ?

Did i use all my luck for 2024 ?
Hey guys, im new to the game and just started 10 days ago. Yesterday i graduated from seasonal and i got completely lost on what to do in the game. Tried jetina but i was so damn confused i decided to try my luck with the tet blackstar i got from hitting 61. I had 1 hammer and 8k-ish crons, which amounts to 3 clicks. I was like f*ck it, see what happens. I hit it the first time, fail. Well, lets go again - 2nd time fail. On the third try - boom, i get it with 0.3%-ish percent or however low it is lmfao. My guildies were like ayo thats crazy as f hahahaha just wanted to share it
https://preview.redd.it/d3xp6e3axd1d1.png?width=1280&format=png&auto=webp&s=a6f348858e8dd3b2694ae19e0f192741e08e69af
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2024.05.19 15:11 Abyssal_ship I remember when i create a account here it showed this part with more languaues, then i clicked to show only english and i regret it so how i can make this part show english and portuguese again?

I remember when i create a account here it showed this part with more languaues, then i clicked to show only english and i regret it so how i can make this part show english and portuguese again? submitted by Abyssal_ship to ComicK [link] [comments]


2024.05.19 15:08 DoGsPaWsLoVe Saturday 05/18/24: 11 Posts

Here is the recap of the 11 monetized posts from Kylea G Weight loss Journey on 05/18/24.
"Greed is a never-ending hunger, that drives people to sacrifice morals and values for personal gain." -Unknown
⚠️ Compulsive Buying Disorder (CBD), aka shopping addiction, Disordered Eating, Gaslighting, Grief, Illness, Infertility, TTC (trying to conceive) Community, and Religion will be discussed.
Disclaimers: I am not a physician, influencer, or paid content creator. I am not affiliated with WW. I am semi-retired from the healthcare field with multiple college degrees. These opinions are my own based on social media content. I wish no harm to Kylea or Joseph "Joe" Gomez.
☎️ If you or someone you know is struggling or in crisis, please call or text 988 for assistance.
Behind the Scenes Family Update: Kylea Gomez has been exploiting a life-changing medical diagnosis of a close relative (without their permission and against their wishes) to internet strangers in social media messages. She has claimed that she is supporting this relative (which is a lie) to justify her work ethic, productivity, and even basic hygiene issues. Let that sink in for a moment...
To this relative: You, your family, and your medical team are in my prayers. ✝️
To Kylea's Biological Parents: Your daughter disparages your name and relationship for personal and financial gain frequently. No concert, trip, or gift provided to you with money obtained under (allegedly) false and deceptive pretenses justifies Kylea's disturbing behaviors. Stop enabling her.
California Clarification: Kylea was rejected by a Cavapoo breeder from adopting the Original Birdie (OB) during her California trip. I am thankful to the breeders of OB for making a tough decision in the best interest of the puppy. For me, this seals the deal that Kylea falsified details of this California trip and rushed home to find Backup Birdie (BB), who is the focus of today's content.
The tagline of Kylea G Weight loss Journey is, "I changed my entire life with prayer and a playlist of songs. No surgery, no meds. Just Jesus."
DAILY STATS: 05/18/24
0/11 posts discussed prayer
0/11 posts discussed music
0/11 posts discussed exercise
3/11 posts discussed a recipe
1/11 posts was about takeout "coffee" at 5 am
7/11 posts were about Birdie Mae 🐶
📢 For our friends at Meta, that means 63% of Kylea's monetized content had nothing to do with weight loss, which is the tagline and purpose of her page. Her weight loss journey ended July 2023 per her content. Why do you continue to pay her for non-weight loss content?
⚠️ Disordered Eating- Daily WW Points Used (Data compiled from monetized content):
1 WW Point: Crazy Llama "coffee" with almond milk, sugar-free vanilla, sugar-free peppermint, and sugar-free white chocolate
3 WW Points: Taco Soup with 12 Trader Joe's Rolled Corn Chili & Lime flavored Tortilla Chips
📢 For our friends at Meta, Kylea consumed 4 WW points out of (up to) 30 daily WW points= SEVERE disordered eating. This messaging is deadly for those on a weight loss journey. Follow your policies and take action.
Recipes Shared: 1. Taco Soup: 🚨 This recipe has dangerous sodium levels. Please know your daily sodium recommendations before making this recipe. 🚨
  1. Taco Rice Bowls: The soup is drained and added to 1 minute jalapeño rice with cheese. 🚨 The sodium alert is the same as above. 🚨
☎️ Please speak with a medical professional about any questions or concerns you have about your health.
Comments: To the animal lovers, I am sending you good vibes to get through this nonsense. Here we go...
  1. Coffee at 5am: Kylea and Joe are pictured in their vehicle outside Crazy Llama Coffee with the sun shining bright. Kylea claims she was home at 5 am, and Joe took her right away to get her "favorite coffee."
⏸️ The sun rises in Joplin after 6 am. Why lie? ⏸️ Her facial sunburn that disappeared yesterday is back today. How did that happen? ⏸️ Kylea claims she does not have cravings or temptations. However, she is addicted to sweet. Her "coffee" is beige colored at best, and she needed it right away...
  1. Backup Birdie Part 1: Her airline approved pet travel accessory backpack is shown in the vehicle. "All my dog mom dreams are coming true today 💖 🐶"
  2. Backup Birdie Part 2: "My heart is so full!!! 💖 🐶 I got the cuddliest, cutest, sweetest girl. 😭 I cried when I met my puppy for the first time because I love her so much already!!"
⏸️ Kylea's followers immediately started asking to see pictures and were told they needed to wait until after Kylea's family met her first. HoWeVeR, some influencers (bestie Drue Basham, Drue's SIL Sierra, Brittany Bryant, etc.) got to see her first and comment from their influencer accounts about Birdie. I'm sorry, loyal top fans and followers, possible cross-engagement from "trusted" influencers is more important than respecting your loyalty. Welcome inside the mind of a 🐈 🐟 er. Always trying to boost engagement, the algorithm, and gain new followers...
  1. Taco Soup Recipe: 🚨 This sodium monstrosity has canned beans, jarred salsa, enchilada sauce, rotel, roasted corn, a ranch seasoning packet, a taco seasoning packet, fresh chicken, and water. 😲
  2. Backup Birdie Part 3: "Welcome home 🏠 to our forever girl 🎀 Birdie Mae 🐶 She's already following Joseph and I around and has brought us so much joy. 🌈 🎀"
⏸️ The puppy shown does not appear to be a Cavapoo, and Kylea refuses to answer follower questions about her breed. Remember, Birdie was not supposed to come home until May 20th, then May 19th.
To all individuals in the TTC Community, I know the 🌈 is a powerful symbol for you. I have experienced pregnancy loss and fertility care. My heart hurts for anyone triggered by the language Kylea uses and humanizing pets in reference to pregnancy loss. 🙏
  1. Backup Birdie Part 4: "The moment I held her, I just knew she was meant for me.🎀 🐶 She loves all of the cuddles which is good because I do too. 💖"
⏸️ Not one reference of her "sweet boy" Oliver or Alice. Where are the cats? BB is asleep on Kylea.
  1. Taco Soup Part 2: 🚨 Since it wasn't salty enough, why not put some chili & lime tortilla chips on top? Chef's 💋. Kylea held the bowl, showing her barefoot on the floor. I did NOT miss her feet content. 🤢
  2. Backup Birdie Part 5: "We already love her so much 🎀 💖" BB is asleep in a fuzzy blanket on her puppy bed.
  3. Backup Birdie Part 6: Within 30 minutes of this writer posting info in Reddit chat of how to file an animal complaint in Joplin, MO as a PSA (not a threat) encouraging Kylea & Joe to be crystal clear about Alice's whereabouts, a picture of Joe cuddling BB with Alice behind him on the couch is posted. "Joseph loves Birdie Mae too 💖 🐶 So far she loves to sleep 😴"
⏸️ 3 animals are now housed in a small apartment. Two cats with behavioral issues and a young puppy. Kylea can claim she will have no issues because "it will be fine," but she is ignorant, immature, and selfish. Wise followers will remove their rose-colored glasses and see the truth. There is a theory Alice was edited into the photo again...
  1. Taco Soup Part 3: 🚨 No more takeout for Joe! He gets to eat Taco Soup Rice Bowls for work lunches this week.
⏸️ On the recent McDonalds post, a smart follower asked what Joe eating McDonalds had to do with WW. Kylea replied it was a "balanced lifestyle." Remember, Kylea & Joe want you to believe Joe has not gained weight no matter what he eats, with photo evidence (even modified) proving differently. Kylea's chains were broken 07/05/21. No cravings, temptations, plateaus, weight gain...a perfect journey to this day (and forever). 😇 Please disregard her obvious eating disorder and mental illnesses. Seek medical care, Kylea Gomez. ☮️
  1. Backup Birdie Part 7: A 12-second video is shared of BB playing with a squeaky toy on the carpet.
⏸️ No Oliver, Grams, or Gibson content today. Kylea told her followers (in a comment) that Oliver had not met the puppy. It's good to see your "sweet boy" and subject of a ridiculous amount of monetized content is already booted engagement wise.
Final thoughts: Money reveals people's true colors. 👀 Buckle in for a nauseating amount of BB nontent.
Takeout: Crazy Llama takeout for 2: $16 est + tip;
All info from Reddit. ✌️
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2024.05.19 15:00 AnderLouis_ May-19 War & Peace - Book 7, Chapter 11

Links
  1. Today's Podcast
  2. Ander Louis translation of War & Peace
  3. Medium Article by Denton
Discussion Prompts via seven-of-9
  1. In this chapter the focus is laid upon Pelageya’s reaction of the mummers instead of the reaction of the children. What do you think of this decision? Would you like to have seen the focus laid upon the children’s reactions or do you like it this way?
  2. After Nikolai goes outside he sees laying on his path some stacked firewood which casts shadows of bare old lindens intertwining. The path leads to the barn which gleams as if cut from some precious stone. Do you think Tolstoy added this for any particular reason?
  3. After reading the last line of the chapter, do you think they want to keep it a secret that they were outside together? And if so, why?
Final line of today's chapter:
... They ran to the barn and then back again, re-entering, he by the front and she by the back porch.
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2024.05.19 14:31 GalvusGalvoid Season 5 pacing

I only watched the first 3 seasons when they released years ago , but then i searched in the wiki and saw that season 5 covers nearly 1/3 of the manga chapters in only 11 episodes , how is that possible? Is it rushed and cut compared to the source material ?
-on another note , how many light novel/spin off manga still have to be covered in the anime?
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2024.05.19 14:22 Keian_Destroys H: Bundle W: Oe Ap Sent Excavator Pa Set

H: Bundle W: Oe Ap Sent Excavator Pa Set submitted by Keian_Destroys to Market76 [link] [comments]


2024.05.19 14:08 Yurii_S_Kh Monotheism, Part 3: Islam

Monotheism, Part 3: Islam
Islam: Origins
Jibril (Gabriel) appears before Mohammed, drawing
The religion of the Law, which for 15 centuries prepared the chosen people for the coming into the world of the its Savior, the Incarnate Lord Jesus Christ, preceded New Testament religion. According to the Holy Apostle Paul, "the law was our schoolmaster to bring us unto Christ" (Gal. 3:24). It was all in all only "a shadow of good things to come" (Heb. 10:1). When the Savior came into the world, Old Testament religion had fulfilled its purpose. Our Lord Jesus Christ revealed to us the mystery of the Heavenly Kingdom and established the New Covenant, which was foretold by the prophet Jeremiah. "Behold, the days come, saith the Lord, that I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel, and with the house of Judah: Not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers in the day that I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt; which my covenant they brake, although I was an husband unto them, saith the Lord: But this shall be the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel; After those days, saith the Lord, I will put my law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts; and will be their God, and they shall be my people" (Jer. 31:31-33).
Man was redeemed from original sin and its consequences by the voluntary death on the Cross of Jesus Christ as Savior of the World. He entered into an entirely new period in terms of his relationship with God in comparison with the Old Testament: instead of the law, there was a free condition of sonship and grace. Man received new means for achieving the ideal set for him of moral perfection as a necessary condition for salvation.
Islam, having arisen in Arabia in the seventh century, appeared as the religion of the law six centuries after the God of the chosen people of the religion of the Law fulfilled its purpose.
The difference between the Old Testament religion of the Law and Islam is not only that the latter emerged more than two thousand years after God gave on Mount Sinai the Ten Commandments and other precepts that governed life for the chosen people. The most important difference is that the Law of Moses has a Divine source. The book of Exodus gives a narrative of the majestic Epiphany. "And Moses brought forth the people out of the camp to meet with God; and they stood at the nether part of the mount. And mount Sinai was altogether on a smoke, because the Lord descended upon it in fire: and the smoke thereof ascended as the smoke of a furnace, and the whole mount quaked greatly. And when the voice of the trumpet sounded long, and waxed louder and louder, Moses spake, and God answered him by a voice. And the Lord came down upon mount Sinai, on the top of the mount: and the Lord called Moses up to the top of the mount; and Moses went up" (Exod. 19:17-20).
The founder of Islam, however, did not have a Divine revelation.
How did Islam arise? We read about this in the Hadith “Al-Jamii al-Sahih”. A mysterious being began to visit Mohammed. He slept in a cave on the slope of Mount Hira. On the night of the 24th of the month of Ramadan in year 610 someone appeared to him in human form. This event is considered the beginning of Islam. This story about it is from the Sunnah: “[A]n angel appeared to him and bade him 'READ!' 'I am no reader!' Mohammed replied in great trepidation, whereon the angel shook him violently and again bade him read. This was repeated three times, when the angel uttered the five verses that commence the 96th chapter: 'READ! in the name of thy Lord, who did create—who did create man from congealed blood. READ! for thy Lord is the most generous.’” Mohammed puzzled over whether a demon or angel visited him. He confided his experiences in his wife Khadijah. I will introduce more of the story of Mohammed's biography, generally accepted by Muslims: “She said to the messenger of God, ‘O son of my uncle, are you able to tell me about your visitant, when he comes to you?’ He replied that he could, and she asked him to tell her when he came. So when Gabriel came to him, as he was wont the apostle said to Khadija, ‘This is Gabriel who has just come to me.’ ‘Get up, O son of my uncle,’ she said, ‘and sit by my left thigh.’ The apostle did so, and she said, ‘Can you see him?’ ‘Yes,’ he said. She said, ‘Then turn round and sit on my right thigh.’ He did so, and she said, ‘Can you see him?’ When he said that he could she asked him to move and sit in her lap. When he had done this she again asked if he could see him, and when he said yes, she disclosed her form and cast aside her veil while the apostle was sitting in her lap. Then she said, ‘Can you see him?’ And he replied, ‘No.’ She said, ‘O son of my uncle, rejoice and be of good heart, by God he is an angel and not a satan’” (Ibn Hisham, Biography of the Prophet Muhammad).
It is surprising how easily and, gently speaking, naively this question, which in the spiritual realm is a question of life or death, had been answered with the help of a woman. Before all else, an Angel is a bodiless being, and for his sight there are no actual barriers: one can see through even clothes. Clothes hide nudity only from the eyes of man. Even so, the body of man in and of itself is not something perverse or shameful. It is a creation of God. The lust of man is sinful as well as is carnal desire, but not the body. In paradise the progenitors were naked and were not ashamed (see Gen. 2:25). The nature of an Angel is inviolate. They are alien to passions of man. But if this was a demon, then he could easily resort to trickery. Knowing how they tested him, he especially would be able to take leave of himself, so that they would take him for an Angel.
The attitude of Islam towards the Bible
Islam emerged as something syncretic out of several sources: ancient Arabic cults, Judaism, Christianity, Hanifism (a pre-Islamic monotheistic movement in Arabia) and Mazdaism (an ancient Iranian religion). There is no doubt that the Old Testament holy books and the Gospel had an influence on the formation of Islam. In the Quran many people and events from biblical history are mentioned. However, these stories are presented completely arbitrarily and inaccurately.
According to the Quran, man was created from water. "It is He Who has created man from water: Then has He established relationships of lineage and marriage: for thy Lord has power (over all things)" (25:54). In another surah, it says: "Proclaim! (or read!) in the name of thy Lord and Cherisher, Who created man, out of a (mere) clot of congealed blood" (96:1-2). In another part it speaks about clay, "He created man from sounding clay like unto pottery" (55:14).
In contrast to the Bible, the Quran does not say that man was created in the image and likeness of God. This discrepancy is most profound. With God's image and likeness, man is summoned to commune directly with his Creator. He can become one with the Lord. This is not so in Islam.
The book of Genesis tells the story of how the entire family of the patriarch Noah (in Arabic, Nuh) was saved in the Ark. The Quran speaks about the death of Noah's son: "So the Ark floated with them on the waves (towering) like mountains, and Noah called out to his son, who had separated himself (from the rest): ‘O my son! Embark with us, and be not with the unbelievers!’ The son replied: ‘I will betake myself to some mountain: it will save me from the water.’ Noah said: ‘This day nothing can save, from the command of Allah, any but those on whom He hath mercy!’ And the waves came between them, and the son was among those overwhelmed in the Flood" (11:42-43). Another surah tells it somewhat differently: "(Remember) Noah, when he cried (to Us) aforetime: We listened to his (prayer) and delivered him and his family from great distress" (21:76).
There is no need to provide more examples. In the Quran, things are especially distorted when discussing New Testament events. Here the differences are purely fundamental. The Incarnation, the Crucifixion on Golgotha, and the Resurrection are all denied. Even the event of the Nativity of Christ, known to the whole world, is described very strangely. It is alleged that Maryam retreated to a faraway place and gave birth to a Son under palms (19:23). In this surah, called Maryam, She is called the "sister of Harun," i.e. Aaron. He indeed had a sister named Miriam, but she lived 15 centuries before the Nativity of Christ.
Probably due to so great a number of errors and distortions, many representatives of Islam, in order to escape from this quandary, allege that the modern Holy Scripture of Christians has been distorted (a circumstance known as tahrif). Immediately, the question arises: what evidence do they provide? There is no evidence. Characteristically, the view of Muslims toward the Bible has undergone significant change over the course of several centuries. Early Islamic writers such as al-Tabari and ar-Razi believed that the distortion comes down to tahrif bi'al ma'ni, i.e. the corruption of the meaning without changing the text. However, later authors such as Ibn Hazm and Al-Biruni introduced the idea of tahrif bi’al-lafz, i.e. the corruption of the text itself. At that, both of these positions have been preserved to the present day. Thus, the level of acceptance among Muslims of the Bible depends on one's understanding of tahrif. The very existence of these fundamentally different positions indicates that there is no concrete evidence.
It is impossible to ignore one interesting feature of the attitude that representatives of Islam have toward the Biblical text. In that they do not have their own "undistorted" biblical text, they cite our canonical text as undistorted. However, when they need to support a point, for example, negative examples from the life of Banu Isra'il (the children of Israel) with a reference to parts that do not conform to Islam, they proclaim the text to be distorted.
Muslims allege that the New Testament (Injil), which the Quran refers to positively, is not in fact the current four Gospels. We have already said that they do not provide any evidence. The falsehood of the accusation that Christians distorted the Scriptures stems from the internal inconsistencies of the very Islamic authors who wrote on this theme. According to the Quran, the New Testament was originally a true, sacred text. "And in their footsteps We sent Jesus the son of Mary, confirming the Law that had come before him: We sent him the Gospel: therein was guidance and light, and confirmation of the Law that had come before him: a guidance and an admonition to those who fear Allah" (5:46). In another section: "Say: ‘O People of the Book! ye have no ground to stand upon unless ye stand fast by the Law, the Gospel, and all the revelation that has come to you from your Lord.’ It is the revelation that cometh to thee from thy Lord, that increaseth in most of them their obstinate rebellion and blasphemy" (5:68). This excerpt clearly demonstrates that the Quran itself does not speak of the distorted Scripture, but about "rebellion and blasphemy" related to misunderstanding.
There is one part of the Quran (10:94) which is very problematic for Islamic commentators: "If thou wert in doubt as to what We have revealed unto thee, then ask those who have been reading the Book from before thee: the Truth hath indeed come to thee from thy Lord: so be in no wise of those in doubt." This ayat refers the Muslim "in doubt" to the authority of the biblical Holy Scripture. Abdul-Haqq writes: “The learned doctors of Islam are sadly embarrassed by this verse, referring the prophet as it does to the people of the Book who would solve his doubts” (Abdul-Haqq, A. A. (1980). Sharing Your Faith With A Muslim. Minneapolis, MN: Bethany House Publishers. As cited in Geisler, N.L. (1999). Baker Encyclopedia of Christian Apologetics. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Publishing Group). According to the logic of this verse, the biblical Scripture was undistorted in the 7th century at the time of the Quran's creation. Then one must recognize that the current text is also correct, since we use manuscripts written over several centuries prior to the Quran.
Textual criticism of the New Testament has achieved outstanding breakthroughs in the 20th century. Currently, there are over 2,328 manuscripts and manuscript fragments in Greek, coming to us from the first three centuries of Christianity. The most ancient New Testament manuscript, a part of the Gospel of John 18:31-33, 37-38, is the Rylands Library Papyrus P52, dated 117-138 in the era of the reign of emperor Hadrian. Adolf Deissmann acknowledges the possibility of the emergence of this papyrus even under the reign of Emperor Trajan (98-117). It is preserved in Manchester. Another ancient New Testament manuscript is the Papyrus Bodmer, P75. The 102 surviving pages contain the texts of the Gospels of Luke and John. "The editors, Victor Martin and Rodolphe Kasser, date this copy to between 175 and 225 A.D. It is thus the earliest surviving known copy of the Gospel according to Luke available today and one of the earliest of the Gospel according to John" (Bruce M. Metzger. The Text of the New Testament. p. 58). This precious manuscript is located in Geneva.
Uncial script on parchment: leather codices with uncial script, (in Latin uncia means inch) letters without sharp corners and broken lines. This script is distinguished by its great refinement and precision. Each letter is disconnected. There are 362 uncial manuscripts of the New Testament. The most ancient of these codices (Codex Sinaiticus, Vaticanus, and Alexandrinus) have already been mentioned.
Scholars complemented this impressive collection of ancient New Testament manuscripts with the New Testament text, which consisted of 36,286 excerpts of the Holy Scripture of the New Testament found in the works of the holy fathers and teachers of the Church from the first through fourth centuries. This text is lacking only 11 verses.
Scholars of textual criticism in the 20th century did a tremendous job on the collation of all—several thousands of—New Testament manuscripts and identified all textual discrepancies caused by scribal error. An evaluation and typologization was performed. Precise criteria for determining a correct variant were established. For those familiar with this rigorous scientific work, it is obvious that allegations of the distortion of the current holy text of the New Testament are unfounded. In terms of the number of ancient manuscripts and the brevity of time separating the earliest surviving text from the original, no one work of antiquity can be compared with the New Testament.
Accusations that the Bible's text is distorted are puzzling. How could it actually have been done? How could Christians and Hebrews have come together to do this? Everyone knows the degree of their mutual [doctrinal—Ed.] alienation. And yet both Christians and Jews use one and the same canonical text of the Old Testament. Furthermore, the entire New Testament was preserved in the Chester Beatty Papyri, composed in approximately 250 A.D.
It is inconceivable to accept that under the conditions that existed in Christian society, hundreds of exemplars of the New Testament text were miscopied for the purpose of distortion.
On the Monotheism of Islam
Historians and religious scholars regard the three "Abrahamic" religions, Christianity, Judaism, and Islam, as monotheistic religions. For the researcher, the doctrinal principles that representatives of each of these three religions formulate are sufficient. However, on a theological level, the insufficiency of such a formal approach becomes clear. Monotheism is a necessary but not sufficient condition for true religion. Only a religion that has Divine revelation as a source has the true and spiritually accurate doctrine concerning God. Christianity not only maintains that God is the living, absolute source, "the only true God" (John 17:3; 1 Thes. 1:9; cf. John 5:20), but also teaches thoroughly and in depth of the nature of God as without beginning, without end, and of a perfect Spirit. The chief characteristic of the Divine nature is love. "God is love" (1 John 4:16). These words of the apostle contain the principal idea of the New Testament as the good news of salvation. The ineffable goodness of God created the world. The Lord housed man in paradise. Even after the Fall, God continued to love mankind. The greatness of God's love was revealed when the incarnate God died a most agonizing death for us. Christians know from not only the Holy Scripture, but also through the power of spiritual experience, that God is all-knowing and all-wise. The apostle says: "Neither is there any creature that is not manifest in his sight: but all things are naked and opened unto the eyes of him with whom we have to do" (Heb. 4:13).
God knows not only all that has happened, and all that is, but he has also perfect knowledge of the future. The mirror of the supreme Wisdom of God is the universe which He created, astounding man with its extraordinary complexity, beauty, and harmony. God demonstrates his ineffable Wisdom also in the dispensation of our salvation. "O the depth of the riches both of the wisdom and knowledge of God! how unsearchable are his judgments, and his ways past finding out" (Rom. 11:33).
True religion is not limited by the demand of worship for the Creator. Its ultimate goal is the spiritual unity of man with God. The Savior speaks about this in a prayer to his Father before his suffering on the cross: "That they all may be one; as thou, Father, art in me, and I in thee, that they also may be one in us" (John 17:21).
From the aforementioned characteristics of the Divine follows the concept of true, Christian monotheism. There can be only one all-powerful and all-just God.
The concept of God in Islam does not have a source of divine revelation. It developed on the basis of ancient Arabic religion. The word “Allah” was used in the polytheistic pantheon of Arabs to denote “God”: Allah (al - the definite article; ilah - god). Among the pagan Arabs, prior to their adoption of Islam, Allah was the supreme lunar deity, worshipped in north and central Arabia. The father of Muhammed, who was a pagan, was named Abdullah ("Servant of Allah").
In pre-Islamic times, the crescent moon was the symbol of the worship of the moon-god among the Arabs. This is confirmed by archeological evidence. The crescent moon was carried over as the main symbol of Islam.
Arabs of the Syrian desert called the wife of Allah as Al-lāt, and in the south of central Arabia, Al-‘Uzzá. In other areas of Arabia, they, along with Manat, were worshipped as the daughters of Allah. This genetic trail was preserved in the Quran. There is mention of this in the 53rd surah: "Have ye seen Lāt, and ‘Uzzā, and another, the third (goddess), Manāt? What! For you the male sex, and for Him, the female? Behold, such would be indeed a division most unfair!" (53:19-22).
In Islam, Allah is a created religious image by the human consciousness. He does not express the real almighty divine personhood. Consequently, monotheism in Islam is imagined. In a number of places in the Quran, he is endowed with intrinsically human characteristics and traits. Allah says:
  • "Those who reject Our signs, We shall soon cast into the fire: as often as their skins are roasted through, We shall change them for fresh skins, that they may taste the penalty" (4:56);
  • "...There is no help Except from God, the Exalted, the Wise: that He might cut off a fringe of the Unbelievers or expose them to infamy, and they should then be turned back, frustrated of their purpose: (3: 126–127);
  • "The Hypocrites—they think they are over-reaching God, but He will over-reach them" (4:142);
  • "And (the unbelievers) plotted and planned, and God too planned, and the best of planners is God" (3:54);
  • “Many are the Jinns and men we have made for Hell: they have hearts wherewith they understand not, eyes wherewith they see not, and ears wherewith they hear not. They are like cattle,—nay more misguided: for they are heedless (of warning)” (7:179).
What a great difference! Christianity teaches that God "will have all men to be saved, and to come unto the knowledge of the truth" (1 Tim. 2:4), while Islam maintains that Allah created many people for Gehenna.
The idea of monotheism, (tawhid, from the verb wahhada—to reckon something as one) was formulated in the Quran in several surahs. For example, in the 16th surah, "The Bee": "For We assuredly sent amongst every people an apostle, (with the Command), "serve God, and eschew evil" (16:36). In the terminology of the sharia, anything people worship except for Allah is "taghut". Since Islam does not know of direct revelation, nor the holy Manifestation of God to the world, nor the unification of man with God on the foundation of love, its monotheism is imagined, formalistic and abstract, requiring not that man change himself or his way of life, but only worship and daily prayer.
Hieromonk Job (Gumerov)
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2024.05.19 14:00 AutoModerator SELF-HELP: Body Dysmorphia Workbook

Going to therapy or getting professional help is not always an option, getting help may also take some time. To help you to better understand and address BDD by yourself, we have compiled a workbook that you can do by yourself. It contains information and tasks which will help shine a light to why BDD is the way it is and how you can deal with the symptoms. All chapters are based on an official workbook by the Centre for Clinical Intervention.
The BDD workbook:
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2024.05.19 13:29 Suspicious-Row-3614 Unveiling the Depths of Surah Hud: A Quranic Exploration of Unity, Warnings, and Hope

Unveiling the Depths of Surah Hud: A Quranic Exploration of Unity, Warnings, and Hope
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Surah Hud, the 11th chapter of the Holy Quran, stands as a powerful cornerstone of Islamic scripture. Named after Prophet Hud (peace be upon him), the surah unveils a tapestry of narratives, warnings, and messages of unwavering hope. Composed of 123 verses, this Meccan surah delves into the struggles of Prophet Hud and the consequences faced by those who rejected his call to monotheism.
A FOUNDATION OF UNITY: THE ONENESS OF ALLAH (SWT)
The very essence of Surah Hud lies in emphasizing the absolute oneness of Allah (SWT). Verses throughout the chapter serve as a clarion call to reject polytheism and embrace the worship of the One True God. In the opening verse, Allah (SWT) declares with a powerful oath:
“Alif-Lam-Ra. [These letters are one of the miracles of the Quran and none but Allah (Alone) knows their meanings]. (This is) a Book, the Verses whereof are perfected (in every sphere of knowledge, etc.), and then explained in detail from One (Allah), Who is All-Wise and Well-Acquainted (with all things).” (Quran 11:1)
“(Saying) worship none but Allah. Verily, I (Muhammad SAW) am unto you from Him a warner and a bringer of glad tidings.(Quran 11:2)
“And (commanding you): “Seek the forgiveness of your Lord, and turn to Him in repentance, that He may grant you good enjoyment, for a term appointed, and bestow His abounding Grace to every owner of grace (i.e. the one who helps and serves needy and deserving, physically and with his wealth, and even with good words). But if you turn away, then I fear for you the torment of a Great Day (i.e. the Day of Resurrection).” (Quran 11:3)
This sets the stage for the overarching theme of divine unity. Verse 61 further emphasizes this message:
“And to Thamud (people, We sent) their brother Salih (Saleh). He said: “O my people! Worship Allah, you have no other Ilah (God) but Him. He brought you forth from the earth and settled you therein, then ask forgiveness of Him and turn to Him in repentance. Certainly, my Lord is Near (to all by His Knowledge), Responsive.”” (Quran 11:61)
Surah Hud reiterates this message throughout, culminating in a powerful statement in verse 123:
“And to Allah belongs the Ghaib (unseen) of the heavens and the earth, and to Him return all affairs (for decision). So worship Him (O Muhammad SAW) and put your trust in Him. And your Lord is not unaware of what you (people) do.” (Quran 11:123).
These verses leave no room for ambiguity. They serve as a stark reminder for humanity to turn away from idolatry and embrace the worship of Allah (SWT) alone.
PROPHETIC NARRATIVES: LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE PAST
Surah Hud unfolds a series of narratives that recount the stories of various prophets, including Noah, Saleh, Shuʿaib, Lot, and Moses (peace be upon them all). These stories serve a vital purpose: they highlight the recurring theme of rejection faced by prophets who urged their communities to believe in one God.
The People of ʿĀd and the Devastating Wind:
The story of the ʿĀd, a powerful and technologically advanced civilization, is recounted in verses 52-68. These verses detail how Prophet Hud (peace be upon him) warned his people of the consequences of disobeying Allah (SWT). He implored them to abandon their polytheistic practices and turn to the worship of the One God (verse 54). However, the ʿĀd remained arrogant and dismissive, ultimately facing a horrific punishment:
“And As-Saihah (torment – awful cry, etc.) overtook the wrong-doers, so they lay (dead), prostrate in their homes,” (Quran 11:67)
This powerful description serves as a stark reminder of Allah’s (SWT) power and the inevitable consequences of rejecting His message.
The Thamud and the Earsplitting Scream:
The story of the Thamud, another community mentioned in verses 61-68, follows a similar pattern. Prophet Salih (peace be upon him) warned them against worshipping idols and urged them to follow the path of righteousness (verse 61). However, the Thamud, known for their skill in carving dwellings from mountains, mocked his message and persisted in their disbelief. Their defiance resulted in a devastating punishment:
“And As-Saihah (torment – awful cry, etc.) overtook the wrong-doers, so they lay (dead), prostrate in their homes,” (Quran 11:67)
The Power of Supplication:
Surah Hud also showcases the power of supplication. Verse 56 recounts Prophet Hud’s (peace be upon him) plea to Allah (SWT):
” إِنِّي تَوَكَّلْتُ عَلَى اللَّهِ رَبِّي وَرَبِّكُم ۚ مَّا مِن دَابَّةٍ إِلَّا هُوَ آخِذٌ بِنَاصِيَتِهَا ۚ إِنَّ رَبِّي عَلَىٰ صِرَاطٍ مُّسْتَقِيمٍ” (Quran 11:56)
“I put my trust in Allah, my Lord and your Lord! There is not a moving (living) creature but He has grasp of its forelock. Verily, my Lord is on the Straight Path (the truth).” (Quran 11:56)
” فَإِن تَوَلَّوْا فَقَدْ أَبْلَغْتُكُم مَّا أُرْسِلْتُ بِهِ إِلَيْكُمْ ۚ وَيَسْتَخْلِفُ رَبِّي قَوْمًا غَيْرَكُمْ وَلَا تَضُرُّونَهُ شَيْئًا ۚ إِنَّ رَبِّي عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ حَفِيظٌ” (Quran 11:57)
“So if you turn away, still I have conveyed the Message with which I was sent to you. My Lord will make another people succeed you, and you will not harm Him in the least. Surely, my Lord is Guardian over all things.” (Quran 11:57)
Through his supplication, Prophet Hud highlights the importance of seeking Allah’s (SWT) guidance and following the path of righteousness.
UNVEILING DEEPER MEANINGS
The Significance of Alif, Laam, Ra: The chapter begins with the mysterious Quranic letters, “Alif, Laam, Ra” (verse 1). These opening letters, known as the muqatta’at, appear at the beginning of 29 surah’s in the Quran. While the exact meaning remains elusive, Islamic scholars have offered various interpretations, adding depth and intrigue to Surah Hud.
  • Divine Oaths: Some scholars believe these letters represent the names or attributes of Allah (SWT) himself. “Alif” could symbolize “Al-Awwal” (the First), “Laam” could represent “Allah” (SWT), and “Ra” could signify “Ar-Rahman” (the Most Merciful). By interpreting them as divine oaths, the very beginning of the surah emphasizes the importance of the message that follows and its origin from Allah (SWT).
  • Mnemonic Device: Another interpretation suggests the letters serve as a mnemonic device, a tool to capture the reader’s attention and aid in memorization. The unique arrangement of these letters is thought to leave a lasting impression on the listener, encouraging them to delve deeper into the verses that follow.
  • Inimitability of the Quran: Some scholars propose that the muqatta’at represent a challenge to the disbelievers of Prophet Muhammad’s (PBUH) time. By presenting a unique and seemingly random sequence of letters, they highlight the inimitability of the Quran. The eloquence and beauty of the Quran, they argue, transcends the ability of humans to produce something similar, even if they knew the meaning of the individual letters.
The true meaning of the muqatta’at remains a subject of scholarly debate, adding an element of mystery and intrigue to the beginning of Surah Hud. Regardless of the specific interpretation, these opening letters serve to heighten the reader’s awareness of the significance of the message that unfolds in the verses that follow.
Symbolism in the Stories: The narratives within Surah Hud are not mere historical accounts. They hold deeper symbolic meaning. The powerful wind that destroyed the ʿĀd can be interpreted as a representation of Allah’s (SWT) wrath and His power to inflict punishment upon those who defy Him. Similarly, the terrifying scream faced by the Thamud symbolizes the torment they will face in the afterlife for their rejection of the truth. By understanding these symbolic layers, readers gain a richer appreciation for the lessons embedded within the stories.
A Call to Action: Surah Hud is not simply a historical record; it serves as a call to action for Muslims in every generation. The chapter compels readers to reflect upon their own beliefs and actions. Are they following the path of monotheism and righteousness as championed by Prophet Hud (PBUH) and other prophets mentioned in the surah? By studying these narratives and their consequences, Muslims are encouraged to reaffirm their commitment to worshipping Allah (SWT) alone and living a life in accordance with His teachings.
In conclusion, Surah Hud offers a multifaceted exploration of faith, unity, and the consequences of disobedience. By delving into the deeper meanings of the text, Muslims can gain a richer understanding of the message and its enduring relevance in their own lives.
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2024.05.19 13:18 BusinessMinute7036 400m GIVEAWAY!

400m GIVEAWAY!
Dear scapers,
My time on this game has come to an end.
I love this game so much but I literally do not get the time to play it anymore. It will always remain the most nostalgic part of growing up.
I run my own business full time and have my own family now.
I have about 400m left in wealth after selling everything.
I would rather someone else put it to use than it collecting dust in my bank.
Drop your ingame usernames below. Will be giving away in the next few hours. I’ve not decided whether to give it 1 or 3 people but I’ll post results later.
Good luck!
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2024.05.19 13:17 Electrical_Upstairs4 [Bug] The Devs must have hit the 6 button by mistake right?

[Bug] The Devs must have hit the 6 button by mistake right? submitted by Electrical_Upstairs4 to SoloLevelingArise [link] [comments]


2024.05.19 13:10 Fresh_Result8428 Advice

My partner & I have been discussing marriage. His daughter (is not his bio) does not have his last name, but he says when we get married she will. I’m confused on why he would wait 11+ years to change her last name. His response was “So she won’t feel excluded” which to me doesn’t make sense, why would a man take care of a child that’s biologically not his & not give her his last name? Her mom is deceased & her bio dad is a deadbeat, And why would he wait until he’s married to give her his last name?
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