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List of every error/mistake/contradiction in the 5-6 Player Extensions (March 2024 update)

2024.05.18 22:42 Sebby19 List of every error/mistake/contradiction in the 5-6 Player Extensions (March 2024 update)

Since new rulebooks dropped, it was only a matter of time before I went with a magnifying glass over these! Since I previously covered these errors in my larger list a couple years ago (Compilation of every erromistake/contradiction/etc., that I can find in the 'current' rulebooks. ), I will also compare and see what was fixed (in strikethrough), what is still there, and what is new (in bold). If there is an old error I missed the first time, there will be a * in front of it.
Base Game's 5-6 Player:
5-6 Seafarers
  1. For Scenario 2, regular Seafarers says to put the Robber on the 12 Token. However, in the extension, there are two to choose from (12-Fields and 12-Pasture). Which one? Apparently, the 2-Pasture hex
  2. For Scenario 3, regular Seafarers says to put the Robber on the 12 Token. However, in the extension, the Desert is reintroduced. So should the Robber go there instead? Or 12-Mountain/12-Hills hex? Robber is on the Desert.
  3. For Scenario 4 and 8, I suppose it doesn't matter which Desert the Robber starts on. Just odd there is no marker here, but there IS a Robber marked for Scenario 5. Inconsistent.
  1. Adding up all the tokens equals 40, when the total below says 39. Since there will be 39 resource producing hexes, there is an extra # token in the count above.
  2. However, the Base Game's 5-6 extension only has 28 tokens, while Seafarers adds 10 more (total 38). This implies a # token should be taken from the Base Game, so the rulebook should make that clear
  3. Related to that, it says there should be 5 copies of the 5-9 tokens. This is impossible, since Base 5-6 + SF should have 3 copies of 2 and 12, 4 of everything else. Again, implying more tokens from the Base Game need to be taken, but it never states this.
5-6 Cities & Knights: No mistakes! It is STILL clean!!!
5-6 Traders & Barbarians
  1. '6-1'>'1-2'>'2-2'>'2-3'>'3-3'>'3-4'>'4-5'>'5-5'>'5-6'>'6-6'>; page 3 instead displays (from top-left, clockwise):
  2. '6-1'>'2-2'>'1-2'>'3-3'>'3-4'>'2-3'>'6-6'>'4-5'>'5-5'>'5-6'>. If this is supposed to be intentional, the rulebook should either state this (or be more specific), or make the image bigger, since I had to squint to see the different layout.
  3. Also, if the different frame setup is intentional, why not show T&B's version of the '5-6' frame piece (with the missing coast)?
5-6 Explorers & Pirates
  1. The terrain hexes from regular E&P should show 2 Fields hexes, and 1 of everything else. Instead its showing 2 Mountain hexes (which is only correct for the Green Moon side)
  2. The terrain hexes from E&P's extension should be Mountain-Pasture-Hills. Instead its showing Mountain-Forest-Fields (again, only correct for the Green Moon side)
So to summarize:
  1. Base Game Extension: Originally 2 errors, 1 was fixed, 1 was added
  2. Seafarers Extensions: Originally 12 errors. 9 were fixed, 2 were added
  3. C&K Extension: Never had errors, none were added :)
  4. T&B Extension: Originally 9 errors. 1 was fixed, and 1 was added >:(
  5. E&P Extension: Originally 3 errors. 1 was fixed, 1 was added.
In the end, I'm a little disappointed. The only extension rulebook that saw any real improvement was SF. I wasn't planning on buying any Extensions until the rules were updated with the new Paired Players system. But... maybe I'll just have to wait for the 6th Edition, in 2030. :(
I shouldn't be so hard on them, as I missed several errors myself the first time around. Even some of my own errors in my original list (fixed now). But I'm just some bored shmuck doing this in my free time. I'd expect more from a corporation.
submitted by Sebby19 to Catan [link] [comments]


2024.05.18 22:36 purple_acorn Genuine Advice for Passing the Bar

This is advice I would have given myself before I started studying, had I known everything I do now, to make my bar prep easier. I passed in July 2023. A lot of the "advice" posts on here I feel aren't very accurate, helpful, or are extremely generic.
  1. Don't over extend yourself and focus your efforts on committing what you've learned to long-term memory.
    • It's better to focus on the heavily tested topics than it is to try and learn EVERYTHING. The scope of "possible" topics on the bar is so large that if you spend your time stressing or trying to learn literally everything that *could* be tested, you will ruin your mental health and miss out on review time, which is when the rules actually *click* and stick for you.
    • I tried so hard to watch both the Barbri lectures AND read the conciser outlines AND read JDadvising outlines, etc, because I was so afraid I would miss some obscure rule or example. This ended up working against me, as I barely had any time left for review by the end of it. I should have just stuck with one, focused on the heavily tested topics, and given myself plenty of time for review to commit it all to longterm memory.
  2. Reserve time for practice. Dont spent all your time just on reading/learning. Do LOTS of MBE practice questions. Buy Adaptibar. Don't waste time writing essays, but try to read and do issue spotting outlines for as many essays as possible so you learn what your pitfalls are.
    • At the end of the day, knowing the black letter rule is absolutely no help if you've never seen the format of the MBE, or applied that knowledge to a prompt.
    • When I first bought Adaptibar, I got so many questions wrong, even though i could recall the rule, because I didn't understand the questions and didn't have practice applying the rule to facts.
    • The black letter rules are ultimately abstract concepts. You NEED to have practice applying it in order to pass the bar. For example, only after doing several evidence essay questions did I realize I was consistently missing easy points because I would forget to talk about relevance. Don't waste time writing full essay answers, do outlines.
  3. Quit your bar prep program early if it isnt working for you, and come up with your own schedule.
    • I stuck with Barbri's program until late June because I felt I had to, when I should have quit much sooner.
    • Everyone's study habits are different. Don't stick to your program if you know it isnt working. I eventually completely stopped watching the lectures and focused solely on reading outlines and making flashcards, because I knew my problem was recall. I understood the rules just fine, so watching lecture after lecture of someone explaining the rules to me wasn't actually helping me.
  4. Be okay with not passing.
    • Anxiety, stress, etc., will not help you with retention and will affect your sleep. You need to come to terms with potentially not passing. Internalize it.
submitted by purple_acorn to barexam [link] [comments]


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submitted by MortgageRich3613 to Statisticshelpers_ [link] [comments]


2024.05.18 21:38 GardenSquid1 Give@w@y Gripe

Starting two months ago, the AutoMod started blocking any posts I made where I was giving away monsters. It flagged them as "online activity" and would not permit me publish the post if I followed the guidelines and format for give@w@ys outlined in the subreddit rules.
Initially, this was a minor frustration. That AutoMod would slap down the give@w@y post, I would ask the mods to reinstate the post via ModMail, and the post would be up and running within an hour of originality being published.
Now, it's a different story, since the mods are not replying to my requests to reinstate the giveaway posts. I have tried reformatting the posts in different ways that might be less offensive to the AutoMod, but no dice. So here I sit, with a stockpile of monsters I wanted to send to happy homes by no organised way to do so.
Has anyone else run into this issue with the subreddit?
submitted by GardenSquid1 to PokemonScarletViolet [link] [comments]


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submitted by Azurecertificates to Statisticshelpers_ [link] [comments]


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2024.05.18 20:19 Whirling_Sufi I found something very interesting: Protestant Christianity and Wahhabism are very much alike

I found something very interesting: Protestant Christianity and Wahhabism are very much alike
At first glance, Protestant Christianity and Wahhabism might seem like movements from entirely different worlds. One emerged from the heart of Europe in the 16th century, the other arose in the deserts of Arabia (Najd?) in the 18th. Yet, I was reading this book that is amongst the best works about enlightenment is the west. There was a part that was talking about Protestants and the Christian Reform movements, I was absolutely shocked to know how similar it was to the Wahhabi branch of Sunni Islam. If you study for yourself a closer look reveals some fascinating parallels both in their origin story and their approaches to life on the all three levels (Individual - Social - Political). Both movements were fueled by a deep yearning for religious renewal out mixture of a feeling defeated and the feeling of blaming religious misguidance in order to rationalize that sense of defeat. The two movements wanted a return to what they believed were the core principles of their respective faiths. This shared goal manifested in several key similarities:
  • Return to Scripture: Both Protestants and Wahhabis emphasized a return to the foundational texts of their religions. Protestants revered the Bible, rejecting the authority of the Catholic Church and its interpretations. They believed the Church had strayed from the purity of the Bible's message, focusing instead on elaborate rituals, veneration of saints, and the Pope's authority. Similarly, Wahhabism arose in response to what its followers saw as a decline in Islamic practice and the blamed it on Ottomans. They argued that Muslims had become lax in their adherence to the Quran and the teachings of Prophet Muhammad. Wahhabi scholars emphasized a strict, literal interpretation of the Quran, rejecting practices like Sufi mysticism and concept of Tawassol which is absolutely there in sunni sources too.
  • Challenge to Religious Authority: I remember myself every single day in university seeing the a letter from Safavid times between Safavid king and Ottoman caliph, the start of the letter had such words of respect in it. The Najd movement and the other Arab religious rejection of Ottoman rule is like the reform movement in Christianity. Both movements challenged the established religious hierarchy. Protestants, most notably Martin Luther, rejected the authority of the Pope and the Catholic Church. They argued that the Church had become corrupt and interposed itself between individuals and their relationship with God. They emphasized the importance of individual interpretation of the Bible and a direct connection with God through faith. Similarly, Wahhabism arose in direct opposition to the dominant religious practices of the time in Arabia. Wahhabi scholars rejected the authority of religious scholars who had incorporated practices they viewed as heretical, such as saint veneration (Twassol) and many other things.
  • Focus on Individual Piety: Both Protestant reformers and Wahhabi scholars stressed the importance of personal faith and a direct relationship with God/Allah. Protestants emphasized the concept of "priesthood of all believers," meaning that individuals could access God directly without the need for a priest or intermediary. This focus on individual piety led to a new emphasis on personal religious experience and the importance of living a moral life according to God's will. Wahhabi teachings likewise emphasized the importance of individual piety and a super strict adherence to Islamic law (Sharia).
  • Use of Violence in Early History: A critical similarity, though often overshadowed by the later peaceful developments in Protestantism, is the fact that both movements caused massive expenditure of blood for sectarian causes during their early formations. The Protestant Reformation sparked numerous religious wars across Europe, as Protestant princes and rulers challenged the Catholic Church's authority (Look up 30 years war). Wahhabi scholars in Najd who allied with the House of Saud, had in their conditions to reject what they saw as Shirk using swords, and that way of thought went into almost all Arab countries, then gave birth to various Takfiri movements that until today is causing bloodshed. Before that of course sectarianism could cause bloodshed, but the way a terror group like ISIL specifically prioritizes the destruction of things related to Shia is absolutely because of what I described.
To further prove my point about respect between Shia and Sunni pre-Wahhabism, look at this letter: Nuruddin Jahangir's letter to Shah Abbas the great in response to a letter from Shah Abbas. The present letter was written after Jahangir's conquests, and he now shows his respect and devotion to Shah Abbas because he considers his conquests to be the result of receiving Shah Abbas's letter (intel?).
سند ۱۰۸ ﺍﺯ ۱۹۷
P.S: One crazy point is that I hear from many people, and I also can see it in the videos online that Sunni debate Shia in the UK in ways that they are not passionate even about the most anti-religion atheists. I think this is a unique thing in UK, in America things seem to be better for the Shia, but for some reason, the UK muslims are more under this influence. I think it would be beneficial for every party involved in here to create more awareness about these things, we do not have to go through the cycle of violence anymore, and even in speech, we can be towards each other the way the Safavid king was to Ottoman caliph (had respect for each other when there was no war).
P.S 2: Another fun fact here but unrelated: Did you know that in times of war between Safavids and Ottomans, both armies used Shahnameh as their source of Rajaz poetry? In fact the Ottoman Turkish had so much Persian + Arabic in it, that the Turks today cannot access their heritage. Both the writing system and the language itself today is not recognizable by today's people in Turkey.
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2024.05.18 18:22 Edwardthecrazyman Burning Bodies and Victory! [14]

First/Previous
Satan was on the air, on the night, within everything in the long shadows cast by the setting sun and with him came a chill to the air that I could never hope to internalize; it might kill me.
From a rotted abode across the street, I watched the large outbuilding and the field in which we’d buried the hand and I found myself in prayer—among the torn and exposed studs of dry-rotted wood and rusted metal I caught my own whispers and forced myself to stop like I intended to convene with God right there in the dark; I wasn’t there for Allah. It was something else that compelled me there. I whispered the prayer and felt foolish at my own voice and ducked lowly among the rubble and held my breath to watch the sunlight go from the land and in a blink, the light was gone, and I was there in darkness that at first was a terror and then I slipped into it through blinks and the surroundings became clearer even in the dark.
Time went on.
I was exposed, but the yougins were safe—Trouble too. If nothing else mattered in the world, then they should go on without me. It had come to me so suddenly (maybe it was the prayer that withdrew such a sentimentality) that I liked them okay.
Before anything else, a cat’s hiss came so faintly that I plugged my ear with my pinky, shook it and listened again; the noise grew closer, and I could do nothing but watch the field and squint in the darkness and wait.
Fumbling, I counted the glass containers with touch only—two in my jacket pocket and the third by my feet—and my fingers then danced to the threadbare strap of the shotgun on my shoulder; I shed my pack for mobility.
The domineering creature lurched forcefully from the shadows and then went on display in the moonlight properly and its arched back protruded even over its own head till it lifted that muzzle, so its rattish face was cut out in a black outline; it was sniffing, and the hiss came through the air again. The Alukah kept a serpentine strut, smoothly gliding across the ground as it used its hands like forelegs to press its snout against the ground. In watching, I consciously relaxed my shoulders and refrained from biting my teeth together. That creature found the spot it had been searching for—it seemed roughly the place we’d buried the hand—and it took its claws there with bestial shovelfuls.
In a hurry, I gathered the jar I’d placed by my feet—it would not slide so gracefully into my jacket as the others—and as quietly as I could, I slinked around the rubble, through two studs, and onto the dirt. Within milliseconds, my own heartbeat pounded all over my body and I stood in the street and lit the Molotov cocktail with a lighter and took closer to the creature.
It shifted around and in that moment I wished I had a light source powerful enough to expose its body; I tossed the cocktail in a high arch and it exploded in a moment by the creature’s feet as it stood and pivoted to look at me fully; its solid white eyes were wide in a glance of moon-shine and it slung itself from the eruption of flames around its feet with violent speed. Its black hair hung down the sides of its face and its head parted midway to expose a snarl. It stalked in a circle around the concentration of flames, remaining mostly in the dark; the thing moved slowly nearer, those long arms swaying in front of itself with each step.
You should know better. It stopped midstride, coming no closer and we each stood there in the field roughly thirty feet from one another, and I refused to take my eyes from it. The boy’s mine. The flames began to flicker and die. For how long we stood like that, I couldn’t say, and I waited.
I couldn’t find a voice till it was all dark again, besides the moon and stars. “Why can’t you leave us be? There’s easier pickins.”
You offer yourself too much credit, Harlan. We remained in silence and in the darkness the creature may have been a statue—in a blink it seemed as much. You are a corpse, no? A walking corpse of a man! A terrible sickness is in you. I know it. I see it on you as plainly as I see your fear.
Rigidity took over my body and I puffed my chest out like it meant something and I shook my head, “I’m not afraid.”
Not of me, no. Of yourself? Something. The voice lingered with the ends of its words, drawing them out first guttural then it left them on hisses. Something I know.
I lit the next Molotov, and the creature didn’t move; I threw the bottle furiously and it went into the darkness like a far candleflame till it erupted in the spot the Alukah had been standing—the thing had leapt from there, leaving me unawares and I lowered myself to the ground in a crouch, swiveling my head around to catch the thing in the dark. The flames on the ground danced brightly, leaving me light-blinded.
Not again, said the thing, You will not catch me so easily with fire again. It was behind me, nearer the outbuilding and it took a moment through blinks for my eyesight to return well enough to see the grotesqueness of the misshapen massive humanoid thing.
The Molotov explosion burned then disappeared and we stood looking at one another again and I felt silly, foolish, radically unprepared, and overwhelmingly trivial in the grand scheme of the universe—if it wanted to, it could leap the distance between us and rip me to shreds. Why didn’t it kill me? Why wasn’t I dead?
That damnable night creature extended one of its massive forehands, flexing the digits on the end of its arm and whispered its words like a plea, The boy, Harlan. That is all. Take that brimstone smelly girl and carry that shell of a body—walk on to whatever hole you humans call home.
Hoping to not draw a movement from the creature, I pressed my forearm against my ribcage, feeling the last Molotov that was there in the inner pocket and I gently slid the strap from my shoulder, and held my shotgun in both hands, licking my dry lips, watching the dark frame of the Alukah, fearing even a moment of distraction; my eyes locked on the creature and I refused to speak.
No deal then. It wasn’t a question; its rattish snout offered a mild nod of understanding. You despise a good sense of words.
I readied the shotgun, legs spaced in proper formation—looking down the barrel, I held my breath and upon squeezing the trigger, the thing knocked into my shoulder, but the creature was gone. In scanning, I found the thing had moved from the field and bounded wildly across the street towards the dead ruins of Annapolis, its muscular limbs made short work of fleeing.
The outbuilding remained quiet and erectly tall, and I moved to its shadow and cussed whispers for wasting ammunition. Only three shells remained; worse, I’d wasted two of my explosives. I watched the horizon in the opposite direction of the crowded foundations of Annapolis and carefully held my breath in watching and I prayed again, hoping that the commotion would not draw attention.
An overwhelming sense of foolishness welled in my guts, and I trotted off towards the direction I’d watched the Alukah go, through the ramshackle streets haphazardly.
The darkness was maddeningly empty, so I filled it with shouts, “C’mon! This is your turf, ain’t it? This darkness is yours so come and take me if you can!” Rusty as I was, I held the shotgun like never before, squinting my eyes, keeping my pace in unison with my heartbeat. There’s a place in that darkness that is beyond reproach, beyond the comprehension of a city dweller, beyond even my own understanding and I found myself padding through those streets at an accelerated rate, hopeful to confront the demon and I only found more dead and vacant lots and I crossed more than two intersections where the signs were either gone or indecipherable in the black shadows cast there. I wished for a payback of the demon’s hunt or perhaps I wished for something even more than that—what did I need to prove and to who? “You sick and twisted and foul beast!” I went so loud I continued to hoarseness, “Slimy fuck!” I’s so mad that spit came with the words too.
Still, there was nothing and I came to a final crossroads, a place more commercial—at least for a flatland dead town—where brick storefronts half-stood on those four corners. Finding my voice again, I continued my tirade, cursing the demon, “Come get some—c’mon already! Here’s your fight?” I was scared though.
A sudden noise from the dilapidated storefront to my left startled me to pivot and watch, gun pulled up, and I focused as hard as I could on the recesses of that shadowed place; it was a large antiquated face where a window might have sat many years prior. Wet and hungry sounds emanated from that place, the disgusting noises of a fiend—even in knowing it, I was surprised in seeing the new creature spill out in a lumpish mess of slickened muscles, lubricated, its innumerable arms and legs clawed its own body forward so that it rolled like a mushy ball—each of those limbs remained human in nature. Upon the thing pulling itself onto the street, I staggered backwards, gun still raised, and watched its form take a modicum of understanding in the moonlight; its mouths—sporadically, illogically placed over its mass of a body—opened and seemed to try and speak with each one merely letting go of meekly audible, painful sighs in doing so. The eyes, spaced much the same as the mouths, blinked and rolled as if it was torture for the thing to live. The mutant was a tongue-like mass at its center, and it was almost the size of a horse—I’d seen fiends grow much larger, but this was still a great threat.
In moving away from where it spilled onto the street, I stumbled backwards and caught myself on the backfoot and clumsily spun into a sprint; my boots pounded in my flight from the thing, and it chased after.
Its mouths exhausted terrible sighs as it gained speed in the relative openness of the street and in seconds, I would not have been surprised if the thing snatched me by an ankle and devoured me without thought—not that fiends had any other thoughts above the basest urge to consume.
The pursuit kept me going in the dark, watching the still shadows of the dilapidated housing and I pushed on until I tasted copper; my breathing went raspy—it’d been so long since I’d been forced to run from such a creature in the open. I took a glance back and saw it coming, gaining speed in its perpetual roll; its body excreted some fluid across itself so that it could glide more easily.
Coming to a crossroads I’d passed earlier, or perhaps it was a new one—I couldn’t fathom in the dark—I took in the direction of what I thought was south and ran full throttle; my knees ached.
In hoping to confuse the mutant, I quickly dove towards the right side of the southbound street, towards some ramshackle, through the skeletal framing of a skinless house without a roof; I pushed through the pencil-narrow vertical beams and stumbled through, landing onto the unseen ground on the other side. My left leg spasmed and in the millisecond that it took for my nerves to register the pain, I let out a mild, “Oh.” I tried to lift myself from the spot and found that my left leg refused to bend straight; in total horror—more so from my body failing than the mutant—I swiveled my torso around and scooted on my rear across the ground, raking myself in the opposite direction of the fiend.
The mutant slammed into the frame; its many arms reached through the bars and in a moment, it began to use its hands to lift itself along the exposed wall and I scooted further away till my back met the bars of where an opposite wall would’ve gone. In a scramble, I snatched the shotgun, pushed myself sniff against the bars on my side and watched the thing down the barrel; I waited and concentrated on my own breathing. If nothing else worked, I still had that Molotov—if not for it then for me.
As it crested the top of the wall made of bars, I watched patiently and only when I was certain I fired.
The mutant, the great meatball-thing that it was, lost its grasp for a moment and slipped onto the arrangement of vertical bars; I gush of liquid, illuminated in starlight, shot from its base of its soft body; it began to try and catch its grasp on the bars and I took a moment for myself to examine my left knee—I pulled it as close to my face as I could manage which was hardly at all—some black triangular mass had lodged itself into my flesh; more accurately, I’d slammed myself onto something sharp in my panic to flee the fiend. In a second, not thinking of the repercussions, I gripped the thing with my left hand and clamped my mouth onto my right hand, biting into fat of my hand by the thumb. The debris was free from my leg, and I let it to fall to the ground; blood ran freely into my mouth and I let go of the bite and tentatively lifted the gun again, ignoring the pain; the creature continued to struggle, and I fired again. It slipped again, further impaling itself on the bars.
I had one shell left.
Using the place I’d propped my back, I pushed free from the ground and put all my weight onto my right leg, testing the left; I staggered—hopped really—around in the small square of ground surrounded by metal framing and searched the ground for something long. I unearthed the dirt around my feet and found a long piece of metal rod; setting the gun to the side, I lifted the metal rod over my head and then slowly arched it out from my body. It would give me just enough room to further injure the thing while also staying well out of its grasp.
I swung the makeshift weapon down like a bat or a sword and the fiend slid a little further down the bars, the exit wounds began to show across the top of its roundish body, and I smacked it again—its mouths spoke words that could nearly be understood. Though it took only moments, I was thoroughly exhausted by the time the creature had reached the ground again, good and dead and impaled upon six of those vertical bars. I tossed the weapon to the ground, lifted my gun, and shimmied through the bars on the opposite side of the square.
Adrenaline only lasts so long, and my left leg throbbed to the point of nausea; I did not want to inspect the wound, but on rounding the ramshackle and watching the still dead thing, I stumbled into the street and knelt and lifted my pant leg. It was dark and bloody and already it was burning. Infection was my first thought. A puncture wound could spell a terrible fate. I shifted to sit in the street. My leg didn’t bend right.
The cat’s hiss came from the darkness and there wasn’t a way I could respond in time; I felt those long nasty fingers grab me by the back of my neck and I was lifted immediately from the ground—the gun clattered to the ground and all I could do was initially freeze and stiffen and then my hands moved to the grasp which held me firmly by the throat; those massive knuckles were like stones.
The Alukah had me and situated me so that it could look into my face, its long black hair hid its eyes but I could smell its breath and see its teeth which rested in its round mouth. I could snap you. It seemed to nod its head, but to detect humanity in that damnable pale face was a mistake.
I choked.
What’s that? It relaxed its grasp on my throat.
“Do it.”
Why’re you crying? Its foot brushed against the gun at its feet, and it lifted it with its free hand, and it commented casually, Little human toy.
It moved, holding me by the throat, dragging me along the ground in an abnormal sluggish gait. It was hard to see anything but the night sky, anything but the strange angle of the demon—with its grip, it was hard to breathe, and tears indeed welled in my eyes, and I held to its forearm to distribute some of the weight of my own body away from my neck. With its tugging, I could not speak, but it spoke.
I’ll squeeze you dry, but your blood’s too tainted to drink. That won’t make it any less interesting. I’ll twist you like a rag and see which hole it comes from first. More than that, you’ll scream. You’ll scream so loud everyone will know. Everyone will know what I’ve done to you—once you’re no more than ruin. Not even Mephisto would balk at my handiwork once I’ve had my time with you. God will look on your sour corpse with so much disgust there won’t be a place for you anywhere. Only Oblivion, a place worse than any.
The creature moved us to the open field, tilted its head back and forth, rose its rattish face to the sky and snorted and then clearly sniffed, dropping the gun to its feet to brush the long black hair from its eyes; its muscular body shone in the moonlight so that even its bluish veins stood plainly from its white skin. It shifted its gaze to the outbuilding—maybe fifty yards away—where the youngins were hidden.
Deftly, the thing lifted me from where it had kept me by its side and my feet levitated over the air, I felt feet taller, suspended from that long arm the way I was. It took its free hand to my midsection and I felt the digits of its hand squeeze my ribs and it let go of my throat and I coughed and wheezed, placing my hands on its fingers to dig into that thing’s skin—it didn’t matter—in seconds, a scream escaped my rattling throat; it squeezed more and I felt the glass bottle in my jacket burst from the force then the Alukah gave relief and I tried to gulp air, but felt pangs along my body. My jacket was wetted from blood by the broken bottle shards entering my body or from the contents of the bottle or both.
Urine? It pulled me close to itself, sniffed, and shook its head. Oil? it cackled, Again! Beg for the help you do not deserve! It held me outright once more.
Again, the great hand constricted me and again I could not help but to let out a scream—my lungs were on fire, my voice stretched like a dying animal. I heard barks and saw nothing through wild choking tears. The grip softened.
I coughed more and tried to speak; the Alukah brought me close to itself as if to wait and listen to what I had to say. Weeping words fell out in a whisper, “Kill me. Do it. I don’t mind.”
Another sharp laugh exited the thing’s throat and it squeezed again, facing me out so that I could look at the black outline of the outbuilding. I heard the barking again and I saw the figures stumble out from the sidelong face of the outbuilding. I blinked to remove the tears.
A voice, neither mine nor the demon’s, shouted an attempt at authority, “Let him go!” It was Gemma. They rounded the building so that moonlight removed them from obscurity. Gemma held Trouble on a lead while Andrew followed.
Trouble growled.
The smile was audible through the Alukah’s voice, Strong words for one so dainty. I felt its grip tighten and I chuffed and couldn’t manage a word.
“Get it!” shouted Gemma; she let go of Trouble’s lead and the dog looked curiously at me and the demon where we were and tucked its tail and circled to hide behind the children.
The Alukah laughed. Scary dog.
I was lightheaded while my vision went; I should die—I’d bleed out there or some unknown medical oddity would shut me off. Perhaps I’d will myself to death. My head nodded tiredly, and I fought it, blinking, shaking my head to maintain my eyes.
“You want me?” The boy took a few steps forward and his voice cracked. “We could make a deal.”
The Alukah lowered me so that my feet skimmed the ground but shifted to keep a tight hold around only my throat. Oh?
“What are you doing?” shouted Gemma; she closed the space between herself and Andrew and shoved him.
He shoved her back. “Me for him,” he addressed the demon.
Is that the deal?
Everything in my body protested while I reached for the jean pocket on my right side; I could not reach it. I stretched and my ribs screamed in pain—it was worse than bruising. The demon did not notice me moving. Maybe because my movements were weak, subtle. I tried again while mentally asking God for help and I came short of the pocket. I cursed Him and then my shaking fingers found the pocket. I withdrew the lighter there.
“That’s right,” said Andrew.
“No, he won’t,” Gemma’s voice was aflame.
It’s not your deal to make, girly.
I took the lighter to my jacket, lit it, and the flames grew around me in a flash, feeding on the oil.
The Alukah hissed, attempted to unwrap its hand from around me while I dug into its forearm with two claws and bit onto the thing’s hand for extra purchase. It swung me around and my legs flew limply. It took every bit of strength I had.
Let go! The Alukah shrieked.
Trouble barked, the children screamed, and I bit deeper till that thick black blood filled my mouth. The flames were immaculate, cleansing, more furious than I could’ve imagined. Not for life—that’s not why I held on so strongly—it was for them, for Andrew and Gemma. Me and that creature should’ve burned together. Fitting.
Delirium took over and I swiveled overhead in the demon’s tantrum, holding onto that arm. The Alukah hissed, roared, shouted nasty epithets.
The gunshot rang out and I met ground, hard.
Exhaustion or death could’ve taken me then, but it was the former.
When consciousness came again, it was hands, smacking hands that brought me to life—then the vague smell of burnt hair, cooked flesh. My body stung and I could not move but to lift my face from the dirt where I lay belly-flat.
“You almost died,” said Gemma somewhere between hope and sorrow, “You almost killed yourself!” She shook me and shoved me hard enough so that I rolled on my back. She’d been crying, but surely, we’d won. What was there to cry for? If we’d lost, she wouldn’t be talking at all.
She left me and I stared at the sky through slits. The sun was coming but I couldn’t feel the warmth; I couldn’t feel anything (that would be a sweet memory in the time to come). It was quiet save the crackling I heard; it was like the lowness of a dying fire. It wasn’t me? I wasn’t on fire?
When she returned, she lifted my head to place my pack underneath it; it elevated my vision. I surveyed my surroundings. The outbuilding was there and the Alukah lay on the ground perhaps ten feet from me; its body charred and sizzled and caught little flames in response to the cresting sunrise; everything was a daze—we’d won.
Gemma’s eyes glittered, and she called the dog over and the dog sniffed my face and the girl’s lips remained flat, expressionless.
I saw the boy’s body—it lay motionless alongside the dead Alukah and alongside that body was my shotgun. The body’s head sat on its side, disconnected from its owner, facing away from where I lay.
“He killed it. He shot it.” Gemma sat beside me, and Trouble placed her snout on the girl’s shoulder. “We’re going to die,” she nodded.
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2024.05.18 17:45 MassClassSuicide Schematic of Frantz Fanon's On National Culture

Below I summarize and paraphrase Fanon's essay into a schematic fashion. Hopefully this will be useful to some.
Original: https://proletarian-library.neocities.org/en/on-national-culture

The three phases of the colonized intellectual

Phase 1: Racial and regional culture.

Colonialism asserts that the colonized are barbarians without nations or culture, who need colonialism in order to be saved from themselves. It does not bother with making a special case against the existence of any individual nationalism, but for the sake of efficiency, instead chooses to deny the existence of culture on regional or racial grounds. This also has a reciprocal effect on the colonizing Europeans nations, forming them into an international mass of whiteness.
In an attempt to negate the Europeans' claims, the colonized intellectuals assert an international or interregional culture, such as Pan-Africanism, or Pan-Arabism. The colonized intellectual first finds the qualities that define white culture: dull reason, stifling logic, rigidity, ceremony, protocol, skepticism - qualities of the capitalist colonialist venture and the cold calculation of surplus value. Within these limits, the intellectual then defines the regional culture by finding the opposite of those qualities: poetry, exuberant nature, naivete, petulance, freedom, luxuriance - portraying the colonized as irresponsible. Although it emphasizes international solidarity against colonialism, the simple negation of racial capitalist culture does not culminate in an overall antagonistic contradiction to colonialism. The intellectual who forwards it desires most of all to be seen as equals to the Europeans. They attempt to combat the colonizer on their own terms, resorting to racialized claims to match the concept of whiteness and the vision of a universal Europe. Equal footing in this case then could only mean that the colonized intellectuals meet the European intellectuals as the exploited to their exploiter.
However, soon objective problems undo this attempt at regional culture. The intellectual finds that the fight against colonialism differs in progression amongst the nations of the region. They abandon their asserted regional/racial culture once these objective problems make it clear that the decisive unit of struggle against colonialism is the nation, not the region or race. As culture is a reflection of struggle, it too differs amongst the nations, revealing that culture is first and foremost national. To be connected to reality, productive, and substantive, culture must be a national culture, not a pseudo-continental culture. The problem with the racialized cultures, is that they are a negation without transcendence of the colonialist's whiteness, whereas national culture is the progressive negation of the colonialist claims of barbarity. In order to really find a regional culture and cultural unity of a region, first there must be national liberation for all nations in that region. Specifically national problems expose racial universalization as immaterial, returning the intellectual back to the nation.

Phase 2: Stuck between the colonizer and the masses.

Phase 2A: Persuading the colonizer with defensive shallow national culture.

As the intellectual returns to the nation, their approach to the national culture has been altered. In the period preceding colonialism, the intellectual has a dynamic attitude towards the people’s culture, but after colonialism, this is replaced by a static attitude full of concrete particularism. The intellectual claims that national culture is the folklore of 'the people', turning it into simple self-discovery and at attempt at defining an abstract people through historical appeals. National culture becomes defined by narrow terms and limits, a rigid structure. Particulars of the nation are elevated to mystical proportions to signify the nation's historical roots. The intellectual brings forth cultural items in a mechanical way, finding the most surface level cultural items to display the existence of a national culture. It is loud, it is bold, and it is cliche.
This aesthetic of particularism is a defense mechanism to preserve what remains of the old culture and life before colonialism. It is also an attempt to assert the nation to the colonizer. The intellectual hopes they can stop the colonial occupation by putting the shallow culture under the occupier's nose. But to do this, they must necessarily make the culture comprehensible to the occupier, translating the culture into a language they will understand. This locks the intellectual into the style and aesthetic of the colonialist, dooming the culture to shallowness, and especially making it alien to the national masses.
The national masses have their own relationship to the national customs. Following conquest, they continue to practice the customs of pre-conquest culture. They do this as a means of asserting their nationhood, in the only way they know how. In doing so, they prove by themselves that their nation does exist, despite the colonizers' claims to the contrary. This demonstration of nationhood upsets the racial (nation denial) justification of colonialism and is subsequently prohibited by the colonizers. When, in spite of prohibition, the masses go on practicing the customs, the colonizer responds with repression, calling forth a correspondingly violent reaction by the colonized. Such violence unites and emboldens the national masses, furthering their claim to nationhood.
But this practice and defense of customs is not in itself a struggle for national liberation. Rather, the violence is too only a defensive reaction to prevent losing what little remains of material life before domination. Customs are built by, and reflect the needs of, struggles that existed before the fight for national liberation. In their practice, the masses parade out something that is dead and try to pretend it is alive. Culture, on the other hand, reflects the living, always adapting needs of the present. Culture becomes solidified into custom through changes in the economic structure. Thus, asserting that customs are the primary symbol of the nation deteriorates the culture, making it lifeless, highlighting the past while ignoring the issues of the present. However, there is a positive side to the masses continual practice of customs under colonialism. By experiencing the masses’ demonstration of nationhood, the intellectual sees that the nation is being created through the masses' struggle against colonialism.

Phase 2B: Moving towards the masses, recreating their struggle.

The intellectual starts to identify with the masses through their movements and their development of national consciousness, moving the primacy of the contradiction within themselves towards the masses. The longer any open battle and combat for national liberation persists, more intellectuals will be moved from phase 2A, through 2B. The national masses' staying power, their ability to persist in their struggle despite repression, setbacks, and any other attempts to stop their struggle, impresses the intellectual and impels them to stop whatever else they were doing.
The intellectual begins to openly criticize colonialism, rather than attempting to persuade it. When the intellectual first attempts to prove the existence of the nation, they, in a kind of clumsy way, raise above all else the particulars of custom. But now, the masses have displayed their fresh vibrant quality of creation in the struggle. By counterposing this quality of the masses to the qualities of the colonial administrator, the opposition between the colonialist and the intellectual are brought to an antagonistic contradiction, progressing past the racial and regional culture of phase 1.
The intellectual’s work now changes forms, from poetry to novels, short stories or essays. The work becomes more direct. The abstract indirectness of poetry fades away as the intellectual becomes involved in the masses' struggle. The content of the work changes as well. Gone are the intellectual’s emotional cathartic outbursts towards the colonizer, which were always acceptable to the colonizer anyway. As long as violence is left to the domain of art, and doesn’t make its way to the masses, these outbursts will always be applauded.
But now the audience is shifted. In phase 2A, the audience is still the colonizer, while in phase 2B the masses become the audience. The intellectual now insists on describing the sacrifices of the national masses. They attempt to capture the masses in their moment of national creation. The intellectual analyzes and describes the moment of revolt with unnerving precision, creating a careful rendition of truth. But Fanon asks if this version of truth is real, or if it is outmoded, irrelevant, called into question by the actual reality being created by the masses.
Despite their rationality and commitment, the intellectual still fails to live up to the rationality and irreversible commitment displayed by the masses actually in motion. The intellectual is not capable of showing the reality of the nation this way, because culture is the continual never-ending struggle of the nation. As soon as the artist sets down to catalog the moment, it has passed. The intellectual that attempts to create culture and a work of national significance by simple replication of motion is chasing a dead end.
The intellectual who is intent on describing the national culture must make a full break with their colonial side. The intellectual is still caught in a contradiction that makes the creation of culture impossible. They must decisively define the masses as their subject. This objective choice must first begin within the intellectual, through recognizing their division between their colonialist education, and the colonized nation. Fanon calls this the intellectual’s alienation. This alienation is a result of what the intellectual has taken from colonialism. The transaction has been one-sided; the colonizer did not actually give what the intellectual took. Everything ‘given’ has been in the interest of colonialism, making the intellectual the one who was really taken. In an attempt to reverse what they gave, the intellectual proclaims against the colonizer, proclaims for the nation, proclaims against being divided, attempts to reunite with the nation through old dead customs. But to really reverse what was taken, the intellectual must give instead to the masses. The intellectual must reunite with the masses and the living culture of the present struggle. This will suddenly call the alienation into question.
The intellectual of 2B begins with simply highlighting the contradictions between the nation and the colonizer. But culture is authentic when it reflects the reality of the nation, and the reality and culture of the colonized nation is not just its life under domination, but actually its liberation. The culture describes where the nation is going, not just where it is at or where it has been, calling upon the whole people to join in the struggle for the existence of the nation. They must move to rousing the masses to liberation.

Phase 3: Revolutionary national culture

The intellectual transitions into their role of delivering marching orders for the liberation struggle, becomes more direct and calculated. It is only by calling the national masses to combat that the intellectual can assist in proving the existence of the nation. All other attempts at proving the nation's existence are for the colonizer only. The present colonial situation is no longer a matter simply for the intellectual, for their personal anguish, which they only communicate to the oppressor, but instead is channeled out to the national masses in every direction. The intellectual is called to the masses in their struggle for national liberation, but just the same, the intellectual calls the masses to rise for national liberation. Fanon’s word choices: rouse, galvanize, combat, signal that this is not a portrayal for artistic sake but for the purpose of revolution.
Only the intellectuals who are rousing the masses for the current national struggle at hand, speaking directly to the masses, are creating works of national culture. In all other roles, they fall short. Until they reach this point, the culture of the nation does not exist for the intellectual. They cannot create national culture, nor proclaim the nation by extension, until they rouse the people to combat. Then the intellectual can finally create, and finally becomes creative. To fight for national culture means fighting for the liberation of the nation. The intellectual who wants to fight for culture, must take part in the action by spurring the people into further action, fostering hope and using the past to open up the future.
Phase 3 creation does not 'trifle with the reality' of the nation, a characteristic of phase 2 creation, but rather reinterprets the images of the country for revolutionary purposes. It also finds the exact moment of the struggle, place of action, and ideas around which culture will form. The word 'will' is the main difference between phase 2 and 3. Phase 2B describes where the moment of struggle took place, rather than where it will take place. Phase 2B tells us about the struggle after it has passed, while phase 3 leads and amplifies the wave of the struggle.
Phase 3 literature is pedagogical. It presents things in a clear manner, and its account is meticulous and develops progressively. The most esteemed praise Fanon places upon the intellectual is to say that, through understanding their creation of national culture, the masses have performed an intellectual and political act:
To understand this poem is to understand the role we have to play, to identify our approach and prepare to fight.
This is the outline to any combat. The colonized national masses understand their position within the chain of command, the battle plan, and are ready to deploy at any moment. Fanon says that all colonized subjects will perform these acts when they receive the message of the national culture.
The intellectual and the masses' real movement against the colonial world is the determining factor for the culture. National liberation defines the national culture in explicit terms, determining the shape the intellectual’s work takes. Customs in all art forms will be upset during the revolutionary upsurge, updated to be relevant to the current struggle. The rough skeletons of customs are kept while the content and form are changed, transforming customs into living dynamic culture. New amateurs join in the creation of national culture, pushing old intellectuals to adapt to the new forms. Comedy and farce as artistic forms become less important, and drama is no longer simply for the intellectual only, but becomes part of the national masses regular experience, part of the struggle. Characters are portrayed in action or in combat, or instead of depicting single subjects, multiple people.
The degree to which the new culture reflects the old customs, is only determined by the capacity for the old customs to be appropriated to the new ends of advancing the national struggle. In practice, appeals to custom are not excluded by a set of rules, but rather the awakening to the real national culture, which is always in the moment changing, naturally excludes custom by definition. Custom is stagnant and in contradiction to the radical reality grasping required by revolution. National culture deteriorates and erodes all customs obsolete to the present. Involving or carrying through the customs is not the critical part of the formation of the new national culture, but rather the nation adapting and struggling against their colonialist, neocolonialist, or imperialist reality, creating national culture along the way. The intellectual’s appropriation of the nation's history is progressive only in the context that it is used for national liberation.

Summary

We began with the intellectuals' attempt to negate the European colonialists' claim that the colonized have no culture. And this attempt has gone through three phases, where only the final phase has not been a dead end. In the first phase, the intellectual is insignificant to the national masses. This is a historically transient phase, upset by national realities. In the second phase, the artist is producing for the nation and for the colonizer. It is probably the most prevalent and common phase, and the one most commodified. In the third phase, the intellectual is a revolutionary, intertwined with the masses and the creation of culture.
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2024.05.18 16:59 VisualVideo7557 English Essay Practice

Looking for ways to make my English scores go up, cause I ate up Y7 and Y8 English cause all we had to do was analyse a character, never a theme, and I walked out of those End of Years repping a 35/40. Now this year, we started Of Mice and Men, Creative Writing and this term we're doing R + J. We've been doing theme-related end of term tests, and I can never get above 22/30. Asking for advice since EO Year exams are coming closer, and wanted advice on what I should practice, so here's a rough outline :
How does Shakespeare present conflict in Prince Escalus’ speech and in the wider play of Romeo and Juliet?
Shakespeare introduces the theme of conflict in Prince Escalus’ speech through his disgust with the warring of the Montagues and the Capulets. He describes the two warring households as ‘enemies to peace’ and creates juxtaposition between the citizens of Verona and the Montagues and Capulets. He further creates this idea by saying that the ‘(swords)..canker’d with peace to part your canker'd hate’. He describes the swords as corrupted with hate because their wielders (Montagues and Capulets) are fueled with their hatred that even the inanimate objects have a temper. He further creates this idea that inanimate objects have the ability to feel emotion through his exclamative of ‘Throw your mistempered weapons to the ground!’ His use of the iambic pentameter combined with an imperative further demonstrates his authority and power over two houses, and he finishes his speech by declaring a death sentence on anyone who disturbs the civil peace again.
(wider play) In this Shakespearean sonnet, he introduces the theme of conflict through the imagery of bloody hands ; the quote ‘civil blood makes civil hands unclean,’ Blood will be staining otherwise ‘civil’ hands, and forebodes a sense of murder and the unprecedented violence that will take place during the play. The two households are described as ‘foes’ with an ‘ancient grudge.. Breaks to new mutiny’ . The juxtaposition between ‘ancient’ and ‘new’ further emphasises how long this conflict has been going on for, and has not stopped, and is impossible to end, (‘nought could remove.’) Furthermore, the Prologue introduces the theme of conflict through the play’s two main lovers, Romeo and Juliet. They are described as ‘two star-crossed lovers’ who will ‘take their life’. This astronomical imagery implies that their fate is written in the stars, and that the play will revolve around the ‘fateful passage of their death-marked love.’ The sonnet’s rhythm of iambic pentameter also heightens the tension and helps to emphasise the inevitability of their deaths.
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2024.05.18 15:37 ceriseX0X0 Can I intentionally switch between perspectives to show trauma?

I'm writing a gothic short story in MLA format for my english class. Its a first person letter, but I'm considering changing it to third person during the climax to indicate the trauma she went through. She gets drugged in the climax, so I want to indicate the disconnection there. I'm not sure if my teacher will criticize or love this though.
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2024.05.18 14:52 EggplantRough6633 Ranking All Classes I've taken Too!((MonkeyPOV))

Well, praying that I didn't fail my last two classes💀 I’m finally done with my degree. So why not share my unfiltered opinion/experience that I’m sure Faculty has been eagerly waiting for? Ranking wrt:
Course Content / Instructor / Organization / Exam/Pset Difficulty. Copying most recent post's format. Major congrats and shoutout to all graduating this semester and beyond, it's been more than real.
A lil motivation: don't give up, don't ever give up...
live look at brain having bruh moment during exam (is this a record?)
S-TIER:
  1. CS 1110 - Intro CS Python: Will always be goated course for me. After switching majors, was very intimidated by CS. Prof Lee/Bracy & staff were godsent, course was very enjoyable and beginner friendly (duh) while remaining very fulfilling and challenging. Projects/Labs were very helpful and plenty of resources for help, enjoyed studying for exams and material thoroughly. Thank god I did not stick w Matlab (unbiassed opinion why do you ask)
  2. ORIE 3500 - Prob & Stats II: An out of whack sequenced class took during summer but love how Goldberg teaches. Not sure if still applicable but grading was very friendly and not a lot of tedious course work but learned a lot and enjoyed class. Exams were challenging but fun and grade cutoff made learning pressure-free. Shoutout D Goldberg one of my favorite professors
  3. ORIE 4580 - Simulation Modeling: Took this course w/o prereqs so was unprepared but Henderson is amazing person & Professor and will help you out. Really enjoyed Simio and project/assignments were fun, interactive, interesting. Shoutout Henderson: great guy award helped me through rough spot super approachable/easy to talk to. Decent amount of work and I didn't understand half of it but tools and info still relevant
A-TIER:
B-TIEUSEFUL:
MIDDLE-UPPER-LOWER-TIEGEED:
EASY/CREDIT:
BUNS:
  1. MATH 1910 - Calc I: Did shitty after prelim 1, not bad course but possibly recommend taking CASE exam if you already know material, kind of waste
  2. ENGRD 2110 - Obj-Oriented Prog: Took in summer, was hopeful after enjoying CS1110 but class and content not as fun. Liked VanHattum, call me?
  3. PHYS 2213 - EM: Imma be 100p here and not even pretend I deserve credit hours for this course but was available online (ilovecovid) so that was no brainer. Least favorite stem class. Dont cae
  4. PSYCH 2350: Don't remember taking this. typical canvas credit course
FEVER DREAM / C&B TORTURE:
  1. ORIE 3510 - Stoch Proc I: Second class I failed 😎 Somehow made less sense 2nd time. Cursed course its hard to recognize when you are fully wrong/using wrong intuition but you might not realize this until you get a 31 on the Final. Must attend in person. Thought it would cake retaking but had Scully who is great guy/genius but taught it almost entirely different format than previous year. Info seemed to go in one ear (wp= u/λ) and out the other, not a fan of his notes/material organization. Scully is huge improvement from Dai nonetheless.
  2. MATH 2930 (First time😉)- DiffEq: My first failure!🤓 (took it when it was hard i swear) Even though 1st time through was rough, enjoyed solving equations and remains my central to major, def most involved of required math courses. Restructured version was an actual joke compared to previous year, legit had the option to retry & submit everything you turned in until you essentially got it right via brute-force submitting every possible answer.
  3. FWS: (Challenges of Modernity): Sigh
  4. ENGRI 1160 - Modern Structures: cool project but prof was hard to understand and psets were way too hard for sem1 intro eng course. TA could barely help, made me switch out of civil
  5. FWS(Anthrop Persp. of Tech Worlds)?: Now they invent ChatGPT, sick
O-H
  1. BIOG 1250 - Biology Seminar (The Rise and Fall of Viruses): Went to class for 3 weeks and learned ab Kentucky bluegrass and rocks, realized class wouldn't count towards major so dropped but figured I'd throw it in here.
submitted by EggplantRough6633 to Cornell [link] [comments]


2024.05.18 14:07 JoeBobMack Chapter Notes Format: ChatGPT 4o vs. Gemini Advanced vs. Claude Opus

I'm working on writing notes on each chapter to help me remember key points and find the flow faster. So, I gave this prompt to all three major chatbots:
You're an experienced book coach / developmental editor. Suggest a format for me to make notes about my chapters to help me quickly review what I have written in order to write the next chapter.
ChatGPT 4o gave me a numbered 11-point outline structure, 214 words. Then it gave me an example for a potential mystery.
Claude Opus gave me an unnumbered 11-point outlie, 232 words. No example.
Gemini Advanced gave me four options: Story Beats Notecard (6 Points), Scene Snapshot Spreadsheet (downloadable to Sheets), Mind Map Method (just description of central nodes and main branches, not an image), and a Narrative Summary Paragraph. It then gave additional tips applicable to all forms and suggested visual learners might prefer the Mind Map or Spreadshseet, and more linear types might prefer the Story Beats or Narrative Paragraph.
I'm giving the win here to Gemini Advanced. The multiple options approach seems like better "coaching," and it's suggested forms are briefer. However, of course, ymmv. Still, it's interesting to see the differences.
EDITED to add: I gave Gemini the first four chapter of my current WIP as a pdf and this prompt:
Here is a draft of the first four chapters of a novel I'm working on. Please prepare chapter summaries in the Story Beats Notecard format for each chapter. Reference continuing themes and interconnections between chapters as appropriate.
I then did the same for Scene Snapshot Spreadsheet and the Narrative Summary Paragraph version.
Insights:
submitted by JoeBobMack to WritingWithAI [link] [comments]


2024.05.18 13:34 CartographerNo2180 How to Use an API to Get Location from IP Address: A Comprehensive Guide

How to Use an API to Get Location from IP Address: A Comprehensive Guide
In the digital age, knowing the geographical location of users can provide valuable insights for businesses, enhance user experience, and improve security. One effective way to determine a user’s location is by using an API to get location data from their IP address. This comprehensive guide will walk you through the process of using an API to achieve this, covering the basics, steps, and best practices.

What is an IP Address?

An IP address (Internet Protocol address) is a unique string of numbers separated by periods or colons that identifies each computer using the Internet Protocol to communicate over a network. It’s like a digital address for your device.

Why Use an API for Location Data?

Using an API (Application Programming Interface) to get location from IP API is efficient and accurate. APIs provide a straightforward way to query a database of IP addresses to obtain location information such as country, city, latitude, and longitude.

Choosing the Right API

Several APIs can help you get location data from IP addresses. Popular options include:
  • IPinfo: Offers comprehensive data and easy integration.
  • ipstack: Known for its reliability and extensive documentation.
  • MaxMind GeoIP: Provides precise geolocation data.
Each of these services offers free tiers, making them accessible for small-scale projects or testing.

Setting Up Your API

Step 1: Sign Up and Get an API Key

  1. Choose an API provider: Visit the website of your chosen API provider (e.g., IPinfo, ipstack, MaxMind).
  2. Sign up for an account: Create an account to access the API.
  3. Obtain your API key: After signing up, you’ll receive an API key, a unique identifier that allows you to make requests to the API.

Step 2: Integrate the API into Your Project

Example using Python:

  1. Install required libraries:
https://preview.redd.it/jal5ipts761d1.png?width=672&format=png&auto=webp&s=4c3f21aaba87c1834f01786b7b3997eedaee62ef
  1. Write the script:
https://preview.redd.it/0u7gtolw761d1.png?width=680&format=png&auto=webp&s=0ffcacd5cffc3e12a69f7fb389debf6cbc638619

Step 3: Make API Calls

  • Test the API call: Use the script to query the API and retrieve location data. The response will typically include data such as the country, region, city, latitude, and longitude of the IP address.

Interpreting the Data

https://preview.redd.it/8as0ssu0861d1.png?width=715&format=png&auto=webp&s=62918dd2c7bf24cb7265fe24a2d0cba4f79a6fe2
The API response will be in JSON format, containing key-value pairs with location information. Here’s an example response:

Best Practice

  1. Error Handling: Ensure your code handles errors gracefully, such as invalid IP addresses or network issues.
  2. API Limits: Be mindful of the API rate limits and use caching to reduce the number of API calls.
  3. Privacy Considerations: Respect user privacy and comply with regulations like GDPR when using location data.

Conclusion

Using an API to get location from an IP address is a powerful tool for businesses and developers. By choosing the right API and integrating it effectively, you can enhance your applications with precise geographical data. Follow the steps outlined in this guide, and you'll be able to leverage IP-based location data efficiently and responsibly.
submitted by CartographerNo2180 to u/CartographerNo2180 [link] [comments]


2024.05.18 10:44 book-press-release 9 Ridiculous Rules About Business Press Releases

9 Ridiculous Rules About Business Press Releases
Press releases play a crucial role in disseminating information about a business or its activities to the public. They serve as a bridge between the company and its audience, conveying important announcements, updates, or events. However, many businesses often overlook key aspects when crafting their press releases, leading to missed opportunities and lacklustre results. In this article, we'll delve into nine ridiculous rules that businesses frequently neglect when creating press releases, and we'll explore how to avoid them for optimal success.

Understanding the Essence of Press Releases

Before diving into the rules, it's essential to understand the essence of press releases. Press releases are formal announcements issued to the media with the aim of garnering publicity and attention. They serve as valuable tools for businesses to communicate with journalists, bloggers, and the public at large. Whether it's announcing a new product launch, sharing company milestones, or addressing a crisis, press release distribution help shape public perception and generate buzz around a business.

Importance of SEO in Press Release Writing

In today's digital age, search engine optimization (SEO) plays a crucial role in ensuring that press releases reach their intended audience. By incorporating relevant keywords, optimizing meta tags, and structuring content for search engines, businesses can enhance the visibility and discoverability of their press releases online. SEO-friendly press releases are more likely to appear in search engine results, driving organic traffic and increasing exposure for the business.

Rule 1: Overlooking the Headline

The headline is the first thing that grabs the reader's attention, making it crucial for a press release's success. However, many businesses make the mistake of overlooking the headline, opting for generic or uninspiring titles. To craft an engaging headline, businesses should focus on capturing the essence of the press release in a concise and compelling manner. Additionally, incorporating relevant keywords into the headline can improve the press release's search engine ranking and visibility.

Crafting Engaging Headlines

A compelling headline should pique the reader's curiosity and entice them to click and learn more. Businesses should strive to create headlines that are attention-grabbing, informative, and relevant to their target audience. By highlighting the most newsworthy aspect of the press release and using language that resonates with readers, businesses can increase the likelihood of their press release being read and shared.

Incorporating Keywords for SEO

In addition to being engaging, headlines should also be optimized for search engines. Including relevant keywords related to the topic of the press release can improve its visibility in search engine results pages (SERPs) and increase organic traffic. Businesses should conduct keyword research to identify the most relevant and high-traffic keywords in their industry and incorporate them strategically into the headline and body of the press release.

Rule 2: Ignoring the Target Audience

Another common mistake in press release writing is ignoring the target audience. Businesses often fail to consider who their best press release distribution is intended for, resulting in generic, one-size-fits-all messaging that fails to resonate with readers. To avoid this, businesses should take the time to identify their target audience and tailor their press release content to address their specific needs, interests, and pain points.

Identifying the Target Audience

Understanding the demographics, preferences, and behaviours of the target audience is essential for crafting a press release that resonates. Businesses should conduct market research to gain insights into their target audience's demographics, interests, and media consumption habits. By identifying who their ideal audience is, businesses can create press releases that are more targeted, relevant, and impactful.

Tailoring Content to Audience Needs

Once the target audience has been identified, businesses should tailor their press release content to address their audience's needs and interests. Whether it's highlighting the benefits of a product or service, addressing common pain points, or sharing relevant industry insights, businesses should strive to create content that provides value and resonates with their audience. By speaking directly to their audience's interests and concerns, businesses can increase engagement and drive action.

Rule 3: Lack of Newsworthiness

Press releases are most effective when they contain newsworthy information that captures the attention of journalists and media outlets. However, many businesses make the mistake of issuing press releases that lack newsworthiness, focusing on mundane or irrelevant topics that fail to generate interest. To avoid this, businesses should strive to find unique angles or highlight significant developments within their organization that are genuinely newsworthy and deserving of media attention.

Finding Newsworthy Angles

To make an online press release distribution newsworthy, businesses should focus on highlighting timely, relevant, and compelling aspects of their story. This could include announcing a new product or service, sharing company milestones or achievements, or addressing current industry trends or events. By identifying unique angles or hooks that differentiate their press release from others, businesses can increase the likelihood of media coverage and engagement.

Highlighting Unique Selling Points

In addition to being newsworthy, press releases should also highlight the unique selling points (USPs) of the business or its offerings. Whether it's innovative features, industry-leading expertise, or exceptional customer service, businesses should emphasize what sets them apart from competitors. By showcasing their USPs in the press release, businesses can attract the attention of journalists and media outlets and stand out in a crowded marketplace.

Rule 4: Neglecting Multimedia Elements

In today's digital age, incorporating multimedia elements such as images, videos, and infographics can significantly enhance the impact and engagement of a press release. However, many businesses neglect to include multimedia elements in their press releases, opting for text-only formats that fail to capture the attention of modern audiences. To maximize the effectiveness of their press releases, businesses should embrace multimedia and use visuals to complement and enhance their written content.

Incorporating Visuals and Videos

Visuals are powerful tools for capturing attention and conveying information quickly and effectively. Businesses should include high-quality images, videos, and infographics in their press releases to add visual interest and break up text-heavy content. Whether it's showcasing products in action, featuring testimonials from satisfied customers, or visualizing data and statistics, visuals can help bring the press release to life and make it more engaging for readers.
press release distribution

Enhancing Engagement with Multimedia

In addition to capturing attention, multimedia elements can also enhance engagement and comprehension. Videos and infographics, in particular, are highly shareable and can help increase the reach and virality of a local press release distribution. By incorporating multimedia elements that resonate with their target audience, businesses can increase engagement, drive traffic to their website, and amplify their message across social media platforms.

Rule 5: Disregarding SEO Optimization

In an increasingly digital world, search engine optimization (SEO) plays a crucial role in ensuring that press releases reach their intended audience online. However, many businesses neglect to optimize their press releases for search engines, resulting in missed opportunities for visibility and exposure. To maximize the effectiveness of their press releases, businesses should prioritize SEO optimization and incorporate relevant keywords, meta tags, and descriptions into their content.

Utilizing Relevant Keywords

Keywords are the foundation of SEO and play a key role in determining the visibility of a press release in search engine results. Businesses should conduct keyword research to identify the most relevant and high-traffic keywords in their industry and incorporate them strategically into their press release content. By including keywords that align with the topic and focus of the press release, businesses can increase their chances of ranking higher in search engine results pages (SERPs) and attracting organic traffic to their website.
In addition to incorporating keywords into the body of press release distribution platforms, businesses should also optimize meta tags and descriptions for SEO. Meta tags, including the title tag and meta description, provide search engines with information about the content of the page. By optimizing these tags with relevant keywords and a compelling description, businesses can improve their click-through rate (CTR) and attract more traffic to their press release.

Rule 6: Neglecting Distribution Channels

Even the most well-crafted press release won't achieve its full potential if it's not effectively distributed to the right channels. However, many businesses neglect to explore various distribution channels, relying solely on traditional methods or overlooking emerging platforms. To maximize the reach and impact of their press releases, businesses should leverage a diverse range of distribution channels, including social media, PR platforms, and industry-specific outlets.

Exploring Various Distribution Channels

In today's digital landscape, there are numerous channels available for distributing press releases to a wide audience. In addition to traditional newswire services, businesses can utilize social media platforms such as Twitter, Facebook, and LinkedIn to share their press releases with followers and industry influencers. Additionally, industry-specific platforms and forums provide opportunities to reach niche audiences and generate targeted exposure for the press release.

Leveraging Social Media and PR Platforms

Social media platforms play a crucial role in modern PR strategy, offering businesses the ability to amplify their message and engage with their audience directly. By sharing press releases on social media channels and engaging with followers through likes, comments, and shares, businesses can increase the visibility and virality of their press releases. PR platforms and distribution services also offer valuable opportunities for reaching journalists, bloggers, and media outlets, helping businesses secure coverage and exposure for their press releases.

Rule 7: Overlooking Analytics and Tracking

One of the most significant advantages of digital PR is the ability to track and measure the performance of distributing press release online in real-time. However, many businesses overlook analytics and tracking, failing to monitor key metrics or adjust their strategies based on performance data. To maximize the effectiveness of their press release campaigns, businesses should prioritize analytics and tracking, using data to optimize their approach and drive better results.

Monitoring Performance Metrics

Analytics tools provide valuable insights into how press releases are performing, including metrics such as website traffic, engagement, and conversion rates. By monitoring these metrics, businesses can assess the effectiveness of their press release campaigns and identify areas for improvement. Whether it's tracking the number of clicks, shares, or media mentions, businesses should use analytics to measure the impact of their press releases and make data-driven decisions to optimize their PR strategy.

Adjusting Strategies Based on Analytics

In addition to monitoring performance metrics, businesses should also use analytics to inform their PR strategy and tactics. By analyzing trends, identifying patterns, and understanding audience behaviour, businesses can refine their messaging, distribution channels, and timing for maximum impact. Whether it's adjusting the frequency of press releases, targeting specific demographics, or experimenting with different formats, businesses should use analytics to continuously iterate and improve their PR efforts.

Rule 8: Forgetting Call to Action

A clear call to action (CTA) is essential for guiding readers to take the desired action after reading a press release. However, many businesses forget to include a CTA or bury it within the text, making it difficult for readers to know what to do next. To maximize the effectiveness of their press releases, businesses should include a clear and compelling CTA that prompts readers to take action, whether it's visiting a website, signing up for a newsletter, or making a purchase.

Including Clear Calls to Action

The CTA should be prominently displayed within the press release distribution services, ideally near the beginning or end of the content. It should be concise, actionable, and relevant to the purpose of the press release. Whether it's inviting readers to learn more, download a resource, or contact the business for more information, the CTA should clearly communicate the next steps for the reader and make it easy for them to take action.

Guiding Readers to Take Desired Actions

In addition to including a CTA, businesses should also provide clear instructions or guidance to help readers take the desired action. Whether it's providing contact information, outlining the benefits of taking action, or addressing common objections, businesses should anticipate and address any barriers or questions that readers may have. By making it as easy as possible for readers to take action, businesses can increase the likelihood of conversion and achieve their PR objectives.

Rule 9: Lack of Consistency

Consistency is key to building brand awareness and credibility through press releases. However, many businesses fail to establish a consistent release schedule or maintain a cohesive brand voice and messaging across their press releases. To build trust and familiarity with their audience, businesses should prioritize consistency in their press release strategy, ensuring that every release aligns with their brand identity and objectives.

Establishing Consistent Release Schedule

Businesses should establish a regular press release service schedule based on their industry, news cycle, and audience preferences. Whether it's monthly, quarterly, or event-driven releases, consistency helps maintain visibility and engagement with the target audience. By planning ahead and adhering to a consistent schedule, businesses can build anticipation and expectation around their press releases and create a sense of reliability and professionalism.

Maintaining Brand Voice and Messaging

In addition to consistency in timing, businesses should also maintain consistency in their brand voice and messaging across all press releases. Whether it's the tone, style, or key messages, press releases should reflect the unique personality and values of the brand. By staying true to their brand identity and messaging guidelines, businesses can reinforce their brand image and build trust and credibility with their audience over time.
Effective press release writing requires careful attention to detail and a strategic approach. By avoiding these nine ridiculous rules and embracing best practices, businesses can maximize the impact of their press release publishing, drive brand awareness and engagement, and achieve their PR objectives.

Get in Touch

Website –https://www.prwires.com/ Mobile - +91-9212306116 WhatsApp – https://call.whatsapp.com/voice/9rqVJyqSNMhpdFkKPZGYKj Skype – shalabh.mishra Telegram – shalabhmishra Email - [contact@pressreleasepower.co](mailto:contact@pressreleasepower.co)
submitted by book-press-release to u/book-press-release [link] [comments]


2024.05.18 10:13 vikashnehra How to Install PowerMTA on Ubuntu

https://youtu.be/HEvfSOJhCLI

Introduction

PowerMTA, a leading mail transfer agent, is renowned for its robust performance in email delivery systems. When installed on Ubuntu, a popular and stable Linux distribution, PowerMTA leverages the system's reliability and efficiency, providing an optimal environment for managing large volumes of email. This guide aims to equip you with the knowledge to successfully install PowerMTA on your Ubuntu server, enhancing your email marketing strategies and delivery rates.

Prerequisites for Installation

  1. VPS or cloud or dedicated server with at least 2GB of RAM (recommended minimum 8GB). Best and cheap VPS for email marketing
  2. A domain name. I prefer to buy domain names from Namecheap, Godaddy.
  3. PowerMTA rpm file and license. You can get it from Sparkpost.
Before embarking on the PowerMTA installation journey, ensure your Ubuntu server meets the necessary system requirements. It's crucial to have an updated and upgraded system, alongside a proper network configuration, to facilitate a smooth installation process. This section covers the essential steps to prepare your environment for PowerMTA installation.

Downloading PowerMTA

  1. Visit the official Port25 website to download the PowerMTA software package.
  2. Choose the appropriate version for CentOS 7 and download the package to your server.

List of VPS Hosting that Provides Open Port 25

Here is a list of some companies:
  1. Contabo.
  2. OVH.

Preparing Ubuntu for PowerMTA Installation

To pave the way for a successful PowerMTA installation, specific dependencies and libraries must be in place. Additionally, adjusting system settings and permissions is crucial to avoid common pitfalls during the installation phase. This section provides detailed instructions on preparing your Ubuntu system for PowerMTA.
Provide commands to update the system packages and ensure the server is up to date.
sudo apt update sudo apt upgrade 
Install Dependencies: PowerMTA may require some dependencies to be installed. Common dependencies include glibc, libstdc++, and libgcc. You can install them using apt:
sudo apt install glibc libstdc++ libgcc 

Installing PowerMTA on Ubuntu

This crucial part of the guide walks you through the PowerMTA installation process on Ubuntu, detailing each step to ensure you achieve a successful setup. It also includes guidance on validating the installation to confirm that PowerMTA is correctly installed and operational on your server.
Once you have obtained the PowerMTA installation files, transfer .deb file to your Ubuntu server root folder
sudo dpkg -i PowerMTA-5.0r8.deb 
PowerMTA Installed Successfully. Now You Need Configure Some File.
Then Copy your license file to /etc/pmta/ and you are done!

Configuring PowerMTA

With PowerMTA installed, proper configuration is key to harnessing its full potential. Learn how to navigate the basic settings, edit the configuration file, and set up essential features like virtual MTAs and IP rotation for optimal performance and deliverability.
Config file located in /etc/pmta/ directory just open it so we edit and configure.
You will find a place where you can change the IP address And Also Find a Place Where You Can Change Your domain Name.
powermta configDownload
Now restart PowerMTA service using the following command:
sudo systemctl restart pmta 
Configuration Is Complete.

4. Send a Test Email:-

Hostname: Your Ip Server Ip Address/domain Name Username: Your in config file Password: Your password XXXXX from the section in config file Port: 25
Go to SMTPER.NET and enter your server details as follows:

Introduction

PowerMTA, a leading mail transfer agent, is renowned for its robust performance in email delivery systems. When installed on Ubuntu, a popular and stable Linux distribution, PowerMTA leverages the system's reliability and efficiency, providing an optimal environment for managing large volumes of email. This guide aims to equip you with the knowledge to successfully install PowerMTA on your Ubuntu server, enhancing your email marketing strategies and delivery rates.

Prerequisites for Installation

  1. VPS or cloud or dedicated server with at least 2GB of RAM (recommended minimum 8GB). Best and cheap VPS for email marketing
  2. A domain name. I prefer to buy domain names from Namecheap, Godaddy.
  3. PowerMTA rpm file and license. You can get it from Sparkpost.
Before embarking on the PowerMTA installation journey, ensure your Ubuntu server meets the necessary system requirements. It's crucial to have an updated and upgraded system, alongside a proper network configuration, to facilitate a smooth installation process. This section covers the essential steps to prepare your environment for PowerMTA installation.

Downloading PowerMTA

  1. Visit the official Port25 website to download the PowerMTA software package.
  2. Choose the appropriate version for CentOS 7 and download the package to your server.

List of VPS Hosting that Provides Open Port 25

Here is a list of some companies:
  1. Contabo.
  2. OVH.

Preparing Ubuntu for PowerMTA Installation

To pave the way for a successful PowerMTA installation, specific dependencies and libraries must be in place. Additionally, adjusting system settings and permissions is crucial to avoid common pitfalls during the installation phase. This section provides detailed instructions on preparing your Ubuntu system for PowerMTA.
Provide commands to update the system packages and ensure the server is up to date.
sudo apt update sudo apt upgrade 
Install Dependencies: PowerMTA may require some dependencies to be installed. Common dependencies include glibc, libstdc++, and libgcc. You can install them using apt:
sudo apt install glibc libstdc++ libgcc 

Installing PowerMTA on Ubuntu

This crucial part of the guide walks you through the PowerMTA installation process on Ubuntu, detailing each step to ensure you achieve a successful setup. It also includes guidance on validating the installation to confirm that PowerMTA is correctly installed and operational on your server.
Once you have obtained the PowerMTA installation files, transfer .deb file to your Ubuntu server root folder
sudo dpkg -i PowerMTA-5.0r8.deb 
PowerMTA Installed Successfully. Now You Need Configure Some File.
Then Copy your license file to /etc/pmta/ and you are done!

Configuring PowerMTA

With PowerMTA installed, proper configuration is key to harnessing its full potential. Learn how to navigate the basic settings, edit the configuration file, and set up essential features like virtual MTAs and IP rotation for optimal performance and deliverability.
Config file located in /etc/pmta/ directory just open it so we edit and configure.
You will find a place where you can change the IP address And Also Find a Place Where You Can Change Your domain Name.
powermta configDownload
Now restart PowerMTA service using the following command:
sudo systemctl restart pmta 
Configuration Is Complete.

4. Send a Test Email:-

Hostname: Your Ip Server Ip Address/domain Name Username: Your in config file Password: Your password XXXXX from the section in config file Port: 25
Go to SMTPER.NET and enter your server details as follows:
How To Install Powermta On Centos 7 17
installation and configuration PowerMTA Completed.

Configure SPF, DKIM and DMARC:-

Dkim (DomainKeys Identified Mail) :
Run the following commands:
1: openssl genrsa -out dkim.private.key 1024 2: openssl rsa -in dkim.private.key -out dkim.public.key -pubout -outform PEM 
Now Open Dkim.public.key File and copy dkim code.
Dkim Format
"v=DKIM1; k=rsa; p=Your Dkim Code" 
Now Open your DNS zone in and add the following record
SPF (Sender Policy Framework):
To set up SPF. Open your DNS zone in and add the following record:
v=spf1 a ip4:XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX ~all 
XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX = Replace with your server IP.
DMARC (Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting & Conformance):
Open your DNS zone in and add the following record
v=DMARC1; p=none; fo=1; rua=mailto:dmarc@yourdomain.com; ruf=mailto:dmarc@yourdomain.com 

Integrating PowerMTA with Email Applications

Seamless integration of PowerMTA with your email applications is vital for effective email delivery. This section provides insights into configuring connection settings for various email applications and testing the integration to ensure reliable email dispatch.

Monitoring and Managing PowerMTA

Effective monitoring and management are paramount for maintaining PowerMTA's performance. Discover the essential tools and commands for monitoring your PowerMTA installation, understanding its logs and reports for better management and optimization.

Security and Maintenance

Ensuring the security of your PowerMTA installation is critical. This section emphasizes the best practices for securing your PowerMTA setup and outlines routine maintenance tasks to keep your system running smoothly and securely.

Troubleshooting Common Issues

Even with meticulous installation and configuration, issues can arise. This part of the guide helps you identify and troubleshoot common problems, providing solutions and directing you to additional support resources.

Advanced Features and Customization

Dive deeper into PowerMTA's capabilities by exploring advanced features and customization options. Tailor PowerMTA to meet your specific requirements, enhancing its functionality and your email delivery success.

Conclusion

Installing PowerMTA on Ubuntu marks a significant step toward optimizing your email delivery system. This guide aims to provide a thorough understanding of the installation process, configuration, and maintenance, ensuring you can leverage PowerMTA's full potential on your Ubuntu server.
What are the system requirements for installing PowerMTA on Ubuntu?
VPS or cloud or dedicated server with at least 2GB of RAM (recommended minimum 8GB).
How do I verify the PowerMTA installation package's authenticity?
Download the package from the official PowerMTA vendor or a trusted source. Obtain the checksum or digital signature from the same source or a secure, verified channel. Use a tool like sha256sum or gpg on Ubuntu to verify the checksum or signature against the downloaded file.
What are the essential dependencies needed for PowerMTA installation on Ubuntu?
Before installing PowerMTA, you need to ensure that your system has the necessary dependencies, which typically include: libssl for secure connections rDNS configured for your IP to ensure proper email delivery and feedback loop handling Basic network tools and utilities for configuration and troubleshooting Installing these dependencies is usually straightforward via Ubuntu's package manager, apt.
How can I configure PowerMTA for optimal email delivery?
To configure PowerMTA for optimal email delivery: Edit the PowerMTA configuration file, typically located at /etc/pmta/config, to set up essential parameters like the administrative email, logging level, and SMTP settings. Configure virtual MTAs, domain-specific settings, and IP pools to manage how emails are routed and delivered. Set up DKIM, SPF, and DMARC records to improve email authentication and deliverability. Monitor the feedback loops and adjust settings based on the performance metrics and ISP feedback.
What tools are available for monitoring PowerMTA performance?
Several tools can help you monitor PowerMTA performance, including: PowerMTA's built-in web monitor interface, providing real-time data on queues, throughput, and bounces. Log files generated by PowerMTA, which can be analyzed for detailed insights into delivery success, failures, and deferrals. Third-party monitoring tools like Nagios or Zabbix, which can be configured to monitor PowerMTA services and alert on issues.
How do I troubleshoot common installation and configuration issues with PowerMTA?
To troubleshoot common issues with PowerMTA: Check the PowerMTA log files for detailed error messages and warnings, which can provide insights into what's going wrong. Ensure that all network settings, including hostname and DNS records, are correctly configured. Verify that all required dependencies are installed and up to date. If you encounter issues during the installation, double-check that you have followed all steps correctly and have the necessary permissions. Consult the PowerMTA user manual or online community forums for guidance on specific error messages or configuration challenges.Introduction
PowerMTA, a leading mail transfer agent, is renowned for its robust performance in email delivery systems. When installed on Ubuntu, a popular and stable Linux distribution, PowerMTA leverages the system's reliability and efficiency, providing an optimal environment for managing large volumes of email. This guide aims to equip you with the knowledge to successfully install PowerMTA on your Ubuntu server, enhancing your email marketing strategies and delivery rates.

Prerequisites for Installation

  1. VPS or cloud or dedicated server with at least 2GB of RAM (recommended minimum 8GB). Best and cheap VPS for email marketing
  2. A domain name. I prefer to buy domain names from Namecheap, Godaddy.
  3. PowerMTA rpm file and license. You can get it from Sparkpost.
Before embarking on the PowerMTA installation journey, ensure your Ubuntu server meets the necessary system requirements. It's crucial to have an updated and upgraded system, alongside a proper network configuration, to facilitate a smooth installation process. This section covers the essential steps to prepare your environment for PowerMTA installation.

Downloading PowerMTA

  1. Visit the official Port25 website to download the PowerMTA software package.
  2. Choose the appropriate version for CentOS 7 and download the package to your server.

List of VPS Hosting that Provides Open Port 25

Here is a list of some companies:
  1. Contabo.

Preparing Ubuntu for PowerMTA Installation

To pave the way for a successful PowerMTA installation, specific dependencies and libraries must be in place. Additionally, adjusting system settings and permissions is crucial to avoid common pitfalls during the installation phase. This section provides detailed instructions on preparing your Ubuntu system for PowerMTA.
Provide commands to update the system packages and ensure the server is up to date.
sudo apt update sudo apt upgrade 
Install Dependencies: PowerMTA may require some dependencies to be installed. Common dependencies include glibc, libstdc++, and libgcc. You can install them using apt:
sudo apt install glibc libstdc++ libgcc 

Installing PowerMTA on Ubuntu

This crucial part of the guide walks you through the PowerMTA installation process on Ubuntu, detailing each step to ensure you achieve a successful setup. It also includes guidance on validating the installation to confirm that PowerMTA is correctly installed and operational on your server.
Once you have obtained the PowerMTA installation files, transfer .deb file to your Ubuntu server root folder
sudo dpkg -i PowerMTA-5.0r8.deb 
PowerMTA Installed Successfully. Now You Need Configure Some File.
Then Copy your license file to /etc/pmta/ and you are done!

Configuring PowerMTA

With PowerMTA installed, proper configuration is key to harnessing its full potential. Learn how to navigate the basic settings, edit the configuration file, and set up essential features like virtual MTAs and IP rotation for optimal performance and deliverability.
Config file located in /etc/pmta/ directory just open it so we edit and configure.
You will find a place where you can change the IP address And Also Find a Place Where You Can Change Your domain Name.
powermta configDownload
Now restart PowerMTA service using the following command:
sudo systemctl restart pmta 
Configuration Is Complete.

4. Send a Test Email:-

Hostname: Your Ip Server Ip Address/domain Name Username: Your in config file Password: Your password XXXXX from the section in config file Port: 25
Go to SMTPER.NET and enter your server details as follows:
submitted by vikashnehra to selfhosted [link] [comments]


2024.05.18 09:05 Sashcracker UAW bureaucracy limits “stand up” strike against police crackdown to one campus, UC Santa Cruz

By Bryan Dyne
Earlier this week, 48,000 academic workers across the University of California system voted overwhelmingly to authorize a strike against the police crackdown on peaceful Gaza protesters. But on Friday, United Auto Workers Local 4811 announced it would actually call out workers at only one campus out of ten, UC Santa Cruz. The strike is scheduled to start Monday.
The announcement was made on Friday morning on the local’s TwitteX account, declaring that, “On Monday, May 20th, UC Santa Cruz is Standing Up,” while workers at other universities are merely on “stand by.” The end of the strike has been limited in advance to no later than June 30.
The UAW has committed to the most minimal action it could have taken short of no strike at all. UCSC is the third-smallest school in the system by enrollment, located outside of any major metropolitan region, 45 minutes to the south of the Bay Area. The UAW has not called out any of the campuses where the biggest assaults have taken place, including UCLA, where police worked with Zionist mobs to assault protesters, and UC Irvine, where police attacked students earlier this week.
Nevertheless, the situation at UCSC is explosive. Students have held an encampment for the past week and organizers have warned in recent days that a police assault is likely imminent. Talks between students and the administration and California Governor Gavin Newsom have “cratered,” they said, due to the latter’s refusal to negotiate.
The UAW’s declaration that it is patterning the UC strike after last year’s so-called “stand-up strike” in the auto industry is the clearest sign the bureaucracy is organizing a betrayal. That strike, affecting only a handful of plants, never put a dent in production. It ended with a joint rally with UAW President Fain and “Genocide Joe” to promote a contract which is now being used to lay off thousands of workers.
That UAW announcement confirms the warnings made by the World Socialist Web Site that the bureaucracy is doing everything it can to limit this struggle. In a perspective Friday, the WSWS warned that “If it calls a strike, [the UAW] has made clear that it will try to limit it to a so-called ‘standup strike’ involving only a fraction of the membership.”
In opposition to this, the statement concluded, “Academic workers must now impose their democratic will through the formation of rank-and-file strike committees to mobilize for immediate, system-wide work stoppages. Against the attempts by the bureaucracy to limit their struggle, they must turn out to the autoworkers and the entire working class for support, establishing lines of communication to prepare for joint actions.”
Such a broad defense in the working class is all the more necessary in light of the punitive measures being taken by the university. Those who have been identified as protesters are being banned from campuses, including their dormitories, on threat of arrest and international students are being threatened with deportation. Even professors are being attacked by the university for providing support to the protests.
On Friday afternoon, the UC system announced in had filed an Unfair Labor Practice grievance against UAW 4811 in response to the strike authorization. They are threatening strikers not only with their jobs, but with legal action, in addition to the police violence already unleashed.
“The rank and file must act now to countermand this violation of their strike vote,” Will Lehman, a socialist autoworker in Macungie, Pennsylvania who ran for UAW President on a platform of abolishing the union apparatus and putting the rank-and-file in control, said Friday evening on TwitteX. “They voted to launch a political strike against genocide, not a toothless stunt.”
“Workers need to spend the weekend and beyond organizing independent strike committees. They must mobilize the entire membership for a strike, first in local 4811 and then the entire UAW.”
He continued:
Leaving it up to the UAW bureaucracy to organize a fight will go nowhere. They endorsed Genocide Joe Biden. He is working hand-in-hand with the Republicans, is responsible for the genocide and directing the police crackdowns.
The decision to limit the strike comes not from the local but from the White House. There can't be any doubt that UAW president Shawn Fain, who is a regular guest at the White House, is on the phone with Biden discussing how to deal with the pressure from below.
The UAW bureaucracy is acting as auxiliaries to the police, helping to isolate and shut down the struggle. This under conditions where police are continuing to attack encampments and the UC administration has threatened to retaliate against any strike!
The fight has to be brought into the working class, especially in the factories. Autoworkers are fighting against mass layoffs after last year's so-called standup that the UAW is modeling this strike on.
Autoworkers will support grad students to the extent that they know what is happening. There must be direct communication between autoworkers and students to prepare joint actions.
Liz, a healthcare worker from Southern California, issued her own statement calling for healthcare workers to defend the protests. “Nurses, healthcare workers and the entire working class must come to the defense of the students democratic rights and the right to free speech,” she said.
On social media, UC academic workers expressed outrage over the limited character of the strike. One commenter wrote, “The stand-up strike model is a piss-poor strategy in the context of higher ed. Why did we merge all three unions [in the UC system] with 48,000 workers if we’re going to undercut our power with this model? How is this ‘maximizing chaos and disruption’?”
Another noted, “UC can outlast a one week strike, especially in the summer, pretty easily no matter how many grad students go on strike. Outlasting a 3 month long strike, into next school year? Much harder. Strike fund is only so large so this naturally extends the life of the strike!”
The World Socialist Web Site also spoke to a front desk worker at an urgent care near UCLA, who witnessed the injuries suffered by protesters in the police-abetted Zionist attack last month. “There was a young guy that came in who needed a CT because he got injured the night that the cops were tearing down their tents. He came in, and he had like 14 staples in his head and needed imaging. But we couldn’t help him because of his insurance. He had Kaiser, and we couldn’t accept that.”
“That night was the night before the police came in. We got a girl the next day that had a laceration because somebody was hitting her hand while she was pulling up barriers. We were able to see her.”
“I think it’s awful,” he said. “I wish what’s happening in Palestine wasn’t happening. I don’t think anybody deserves what’s happening there. I’m so sad by what happened to the Israeli people that became hostages in the beginning because obviously they were just innocent bystanders in that situation, but that doesn’t warrant the hundreds of thousands of other innocent people that are now dead, displaced. They’re being wiped out for something they have no part of.”
The bloodiest stage in the genocide in Gaza is now unfolding. Every hospital in the territory has either been leveled or made unusable and the entire population is at risk of famine. The Israeli military has begun its assault on the southern city of Rafah, where a million people have been forced to flee.
The UAW bureaucracy claims that limited strikes can convince the UC administration to bargain with students. That this is a lie is proven by the fact that the administration is preparing to attack the “standup strike” itself. But even if it were true, any agreement limited to the UC system exchanging toothless pledges to divest for the shutdown of the protests, would do nothing to stop the genocide.
The antiwar movement is confronted with a political struggle against American imperialism. The Biden administration claims it is the “lesser evil” to Trump but joins hands with outright fascists in the Republican party to rip up the right to protest against genocide.
Integrated with the White House is the union bureaucracy, which acts deliberately to disrupt and disorient the growing movement from below.
The working class, the source of all wealth, which is being forced to sacrifice for profit and to die in wars abroad, must emerge as the basic political force against the war. Rank-and-file committees formed independent of and against both the corporate parties and the pro-corporate union bureaucracy, must be established at workplaces throughout the United States to prepare industrial action to halt the genocide.
submitted by Sashcracker to Trotskyism [link] [comments]


2024.05.18 08:29 smokdlavender Karma is a......Mother (1)

Karma is a......Mother (1)
We have the finale to our countdown, and it's TS12 baby!
Grab your hat, paint your face and settle in, because the Eras show (Taylor's Version) is just beginning. This post has been broken into parts as there was too much content for a single post.

She’s having a baaaaby…………. No, she is not.

As TTPD release has been unfolding on Era’s TV and we have been watching that album narrative unfold along with the performance of her past work, a comment was made in this sub about how that entire part of the show is performance art in itself.
They kill her on stage, strip her naked, dress her back up again and force her to go and perform as this ‘Dead Taylor’. A long agreed upon dynamic for Taylor as a brand is there is Taylor Swift TM the brand, and Taylor the person. Well, that is exactly what is being communicated in the performance, and album, the confirmation of there being “2 Taylors”.
Gaylors already know that this is not Taylor’s version, as referenced in the Red 22 shirts for Eras2.0 in Paris.
We were in.... Paris
We now know Taylor is using Midnights, TTPD, and Eras as the foundation she is laying for TS12. These projects are her yellow brick road if you will. These projects and their MVs have had unique connections to queer history, queer icons, as well as performance art, but for the sake of MOTHER I will only be referencing the easter egg connections to Mother from Bejewelled, Karma, Anti-Hero (Midnights MVs) and The Man (Lover).

Let’s take it back to National Frankenstein Day

Bejewelled MV came out on 25th October 2022 and at the time it was quite a perilous time for the sub because we didn’t have all the pieces to the puzzle (TTPD & Eras), but now we do.
The MV features Haim as the ugly step-sisters, Laura Dern as Mother, and Taylor as Cinderella.
Gay Icon Laura Dern as Mother
It opens with Taylor cleaning orange vomit off the floor saying,
“Oh, this is some of her best work. That’s disgusting”
as the sisters and Mother discuss a ball to be engaged and get the castle. Throughout this chit chat Mother is being primed as TS12.
Lore is the stolen album was Karma, and some fans think we have been receiving fragments of Karma since reputation because it was scrapped.
Laura Dern lore that many don't realise, is that she helped Ellen Degeneres come out in the 90s. It's one of the things that make her a gay icon.
Well, Karma is coming back around and this time she’s a mother.
Mother is TS12 but she is also Taylor, the person, instead of Taylor Swift TM.
The sisters state what they want out of this competition, all Taylor wants is the castle, and Mother says with a smirk,
“Well, I’ll be poisoning all the other maidens in the village”.
This is the first reference we have to the Eras tour, TTPD, and how the narratives of Taylor Swift TM are about to “die” again. Gaylors know that Taylor died in 1989 because she had to stay in the closet.
nb: important 1989 context - at the end of Out of the Woods, Taylor thinks she is going to finally meet her true self at the beach, and instead finds zombie Taylor. Zombie Taylor opens LWYMMD MV for reputation.
Swifties don’t realise they’re about to watch her murder Taylor Swift TM on the biggest selling world tour of all time. And so the release date for this MV now has a bit more significance, because Taylor has been performing like a Frankenstein this whole time, while patiently waiting for the right time to resurrect herself.
Taylor Swift TM is alive, but by force, it’s a dead body of work being pieced together to perform for the fans, not because Taylor wants to relive that time or era. She’s stuck, like a record on repeat. However in TTPD she likens herself to a record scratch as she screams, “Who’s afraid of little Old Me?” and this is the focal song of the TTPD set...
The sisters continue to talk, saying,
“But they’re changing it this year, instead of just showing up looking hot, you have to enter a talent competition, and if you win you get to keep the castle”
She's got her eyes on the prize & they keys to her castle (Mother)
nb: the talent competition is the lead up to present day, Midnights, TTPD, and Eras. As she says in ICDIWABH, she can pass this test
Mother says,
“I simply adore a proposal, the single most defining thing a lady could hope to achieve in her lifetime”
(side note: it’s painfully funny that the kicker from the Chiefs Harrison Butker made that speech this week while TNT are still technically together)
and then shows off her rings saying,
“Look how many Mommy has”
Mother flashing her jewels
Mother shows off 8 big sparkly rings, but there are 2 big jewels strung around her neck too. From L-R there is a ring that looks like the Red TV ring, on the opposite side there is a huge pinky orange jewel with a diamond halo.
I like to think this ring is Mother / Karma too assumed by it’s WLW colours and the black stone preceding it (black represents TTPD, although being considered a white album, parallels reputation bc it is paralleling that time in her life when she was forcibly closeted). However that is actually a red herring, because the real focus should be the pendant around Mother’s neck - it’s a portrait of a woman.
Who is the fair maiden you love in secret, Mother?
Isn’t that odd, keeping a woman close to your heart, while bragging about the jewels men gave you?
She then sips tea as the conversation goes on, saying,
“Speak Not, tired, tacky, wench. Clean!”
nb: SN and 1989 reference here, 1989 was meant to be the og queer soft launch and quitting bearding, but instead created all the bearding lore we have now that got us to this day.
Mother then becomes panicky, saying
“Even if she were allowed to go, which she is not!!!! The prince would never want anything to do with that little harlot again, he tired of her quite quickly, didn’t he? Or should I say, Swiftly”
nb: the prince here is the fans, specifically Swifties, who have been desperately attaching their prince charming narrative on to Taylor since Love Story. Taylor doesn’t care about keeping her man / fan because she just wants the castle (her own home, where she can be herself. She is willing to sacrifice the fans, and won’t sacrifice herself for them anymore. She doesn’t care anymore and this is reflected in TTPD for BDILH where she is having a baby or 'pregnant' with her 12th album if you will lol (karma/mother))
Mother then proceeds,
“Lest we forget, you’ve been exiled here. You’re not going anywhere, anytime soon. Now girls, lets get many many jewels!”.
They leave Taylor alone and so begins her quest to be bejewelled again.
The MV continues parallels to Anti-Hero showing albums as cats at the wake, with Prince Jack Antonoff having a portrait of 11 albums kittens, as Taylor prepares to win the castle.
The prince (fans) with his kittens (albums).. the light glitches when this is shown too
Mother (Taylor) with her cats (albums)... Taylor isn't having kids because she already is a mother!
The Bejewelled MV has a double meaning (ofc it does because ✌️ doubles, duh) is being used as a metaphor for what we are watching happen with the Eras tour, and how Taylor is going to put on a show so good, there’s no way she can’t reclaim ownership of her work, because remember the work Swifties know is not Taylor’s version.
Bejewelled MV is also giving Gaylor’s (and only gaylors) context to how she ended up here in the first place. Being a Gaylor is not without it’s difficulties and I think Taylor is intentionally egging for us, knowing that Swifties won’t notice these clues or bother to look deeper. Honestly I dont think she likes them, and Taylor doesn’t think they deserve to know her real truth because they aren’t really trying to (Anti-Hero funeral scene when the “Swiftie” children say SHE DIDN’T LEAVE ANY CLUE”) and never did, so Gaylor’s are simultaneously getting clues to i) when bearding began throughout her career and ii) why she had to do it (coming out) this way.
You pushed her too far Chad!!! Taylor is foreshadowing that Swifties are going to blame Gaylors.
Back to Bejewelled! She begins her hero-arc (or anti-hero) leaving the old castle, beginning her adventure by entering an elevator and she's going straight to the top. The final destination - the penthouse.
Note the elevator keys - 11 / TTPD is Red and black, because it the theme of this album is representing the death of the author. 12 / Mother-Karma is black and white because it parallels 6 / reputation as a queer album. 10 / Midnights is yellow, for closeting. “Meet me at Midnight” as we know, has been priming fans up to meet Taylor during TS12.
Down bad, waking up in blood. Did Taylor want out during Red era, too?
However the penthouse at the top doesn’t look like a penthouse, it’s a weird almost mummified looking white box on top of the building, with red lights on each corner.......
..........It’s almost as if the penthouse is actually The Tortured Poet’s Department. That’s where the tortured poet is being kept, and she is going up to the penthouse to save herself.
I see you, Tortured Poet's Department.
Taylor arrives at Level 3 (Speak Now) to get her sparkle back! She walks a catwalk, adorning herself in her jewels again..
This costume may be referencing a muse who walks in a straight line for a job
..... then meets Dita Von Teese at level 5 (1989) to learn how to attract men by way of burlesque performance. Again, another ✌️ layered parallel, Taylor is performing heterosexual romance to attract the prince (fans).
Are we seeing doubles??
Taylor then gets to Level 13 and is performing on stage with all the clocks, dazzling as the ugly sisters are screaming and crying at her, while all the staff in the background applaud Taylor.
Boo, you bore!
She is also performing the folie bergere dance formation used in the TTPD segment on Eras TV.
We're seeing double again ✌️
The MV ends with Taylor ghosting the man, and walking out onto the castle balcony (with that look) and looking like Love Story / Debut Taylor in a yellow dress, with VFX embers glowing that seem like fireflies.
Please take note of her pearl necklace, it is the TTPD Eras Tour Costume necklace (V1)
Girl what are you up to... also hello Vivienne Westwood / TTPD Costume Choker
The same VFX embers were featured in Out of the Woods for 1989, and in willow for folklore. It's hard to screenshot but they are there, along with the sound of burning.
Tiny snippet but there are the embers
This ending is an easter egg in itself for Debut. I am unsure if yellow here is being used as a red herring or if it means Debut will remain closeted, or if it's to hint what has been suspected in the sub, that she will release her original lyrics, or better yet revealing that she has been interchanging herself within the pronouns the whole time.

Part 2

submitted by smokdlavender to GaylorSwift [link] [comments]


2024.05.18 08:24 ajjuee016 As per GPT4o: list of jobs that are replaced by AI (currretly and in future)

As per GPT4o: list of jobs that are replaced by AI (currretly and in future)
What do you think about this?
submitted by ajjuee016 to ChatGPT [link] [comments]


2024.05.18 08:17 obiviya52smith LLC in Florida: How Much Does an LLC Cost in Florida? Let’s See

LLC in Florida: How Much Does an LLC Cost in Florida? Let’s See
LLC in Florida: How Much Does an LLC Cost in Florida? Let’s See
Forming a Limited Liability Company (LLC) in Florida is a strategic move for many entrepreneurs. The Sunshine State offers a business-friendly environment with numerous benefits for LLC owners. In this blog, we’ll explore the costs associated with forming an LLC in Florida and provide a comprehensive guide on how to get started. We’ll also touch on comparisons with LLCs in New York, California, Pennsylvania, and Texas.

How to Start an LLC in Florida for Free

While starting an LLC in Florida involves certain mandatory costs, you can minimize expenses by handling the process yourself and utilizing free resources. Here’s a brief overview:
  1. DIY Filing: File the necessary documents yourself rather than hiring a service.
  2. You can also Hire a specialized Florida LLC formation provider and join the other 65% of our readers (recommended).

LLC Florida Requirements

To form an LLC in Florida, you must meet specific state requirements:
  • Unique Business Name: Your LLC name must be distinguishable from existing business entities registered in Florida.
  • Registered Agent: You must designate a registered agent with a physical address in Florida.
  • Articles of Organization: The Florida Division of Corporations is where you must submit your articles of organization.
  • Filing Fee: Pay the Processing fee of $125, when submitting your Articles of Organization.
  • Operating Agreement: While not mandatory, it’s advisable to create an operating agreement to outline the management structure and operating procedures of your LLC.
  • Annual Report: File an annual report and pay the corresponding fee to keep your LLC in good standing.

Best LLC in Florida

Choosing the best LLC structure depends on your specific business needs. Florida offers several types of LLCs, including:
  • Single-Member LLC: Ideal for solo entrepreneurs looking for liability protection.
  • Multi-Member LLC: Suitable for businesses with multiple owners.
  • Manager-Managed LLC: Allows you to appoint managers to handle daily operations, which can be beneficial for larger LLCs.
  • Series LLC: Provides liability protection across multiple series or units within the same LLC, ideal for businesses with multiple divisions.

Steps to Create an LLC in Florida Online

Creating an LLC in Florida online is a straightforward process. Here’s a step-by-step guide:

Step 1: Choose a Unique Name for Your LLC

  • Ensure the name is unique and complies with Florida naming requirements.
  • Check name availability on the Florida Division of Corporations website.

Step 2: Designate a Registered Agent

  • The registered agent must have a physical address in Florida and be available during business hours to receive legal documents.

Step 3: File Articles of Organization

  • Complete the Articles of Organization form available on the Florida Division of Corporations website.
  • Send the completed form and the filing fee via the internet.

Step 4: Create an Operating Agreement

  • Draft an operating agreement to outline your LLC’s management structure and operating procedures. This document is essential for multi-member LLCs.

Step 5: Obtain an EIN

  • Apply for an Employer Identification Number (EIN) from the IRS. This is necessary for tax purposes and to open a business bank account.

Step 6: File the Annual Report

  • Submit an annual report and pay the associated fee to keep your LLC in good standing with the state.

State of Florida LLC Registration Form

The primary form required to register an LLC in Florida is the Articles of Organization. This form includes:
  • LLC Name: Ensure it’s unique and meets state requirements.
  • Principal Office Address: Physical address of the LLC.
  • Mailing Address: If different from the principal office address.
  • Registered Agent Information: Name and address of the registered agent.
  • Names and Addresses of Members or Managers: Depending on whether your LLC is member-managed or manager-managed.

Sunbiz Register LLC

Sunbiz.org is the official site for the Florida Division of Corporations. Here’s how to register your LLC through Sunbiz:
  1. Visit Sunbiz.org: Navigate to the “Start a Business” section.
  2. Select “Limited Liability Company”: Click on “Online Filing” under “Limited Liability Company.”
  3. Complete the Articles of Organization: Fill out the required information.
  4. Submit the Form: Review and submit the form online along with the filing fee.
  5. Confirmation: You’ll receive a confirmation email once your filing is approved.
Comparing LLCs in Florida with Other States

LLC in New York

  • Costs: LLC in New York has Processing fee of $200 and a publication requirement, which can add significant costs.
  • Compliance: Requires biennial statements and has stricter compliance regulations.

LLC in California

  • Costs: LLC in California requires an annual franchise tax and has higher initial $70 filing fees.
  • Compliance: Biennial Statement of Information filings are mandatory.

LLC in Pennsylvania

  • Costs: Lower filing fees compared to New York and California.
LLC in Pennsylvania requires $125 processing fee.
  • Compliance: Requires a decennial report every 10 years, which is less frequent than annual or biennial reports.

LLC in Texas

  • Costs: Texas has reasonable filing fees and no annual franchise tax for most LLCs.
  • Compliance: Requires an annual report and public information report.
Similarly LLC in Texas requires $300 processing fee.

Conclusion

Forming an LLC in Florida is an attractive option for many entrepreneurs due to the state’s business-friendly environment and straightforward registration process. By following this step-by-step guide, you can efficiently set up your LLC and take advantage of the benefits it offers.
Remember, while it’s possible to handle the process yourself, professional services can streamline the process and ensure compliance with all legal requirements. Whether you’re comparing with an LLC in New York, California, Pennsylvania, or Texas, understanding the specifics of forming an LLC in Florida will help you make informed decisions for your business. Ready to form your LLC? Visit TRUIC for user-friendly resources and start your LLC formation journey today.
submitted by obiviya52smith to u/obiviya52smith [link] [comments]


2024.05.18 08:12 Over-Heron-2654 Harrison Butker Speech: The Early Catholic Church and the Misconception of Woman's Place

Let's get one thing straight: The Bible's definition of female roles was ensconced in cultural patriarchy. Even so, I outlined a biblical reassessment of said roles to see if Butker even had ethos here.
The nascent Christian Church emerged within a dominantly patriarchal society where women were predominantly relegated to domestic spheres. This socio-cultural substratum profoundly influenced the Church Fathers, whose hermeneutics of biblical texts were invariably shaped by the prevailing gender norms. Prominent figures such as St. Augustine, Tertullian, and St. Jerome, among others, were instrumental in the formation of early Christian theology. Their writings, replete with the gender biases endemic to their times, have significantly influenced the Church's stance on the roles of women.
St. Augustine, for instance, while acknowledging the spiritual equality of men and women, often underscored the subordinate role of women in terrestrial matters. His exegesis of the creation narrative in Genesis suggested that woman was created as a helper to man, thereby reinforcing the notion of male hegemony. For example, St. Augustine's interpretation of Genesis 2:18, which describes Eve as a "helper" to Adam, has been used to justify the subordination of women. However, the Hebrew word for "helper" used in this context is "ezer," which is also used in the Old Testament to describe God’s assistance to humanity (e.g., Psalm 33:20). This indicates that the term does not imply inferiority but rather a form of partnership and support.
Tertullian’s writings went further, casting women as the gateway for the devil, a perspective that indelibly tainted the perception of women in the early Church. This notion stems from his interpretation of the story of the Fall in Genesis 3, where Eve is tempted by the serpent. However, this interpretation overlooks the fact that both Adam and Eve are held accountable for their disobedience. Moreover, the New Testament offers a more nuanced view of sin and redemption that does not single out women as inherently more culpable or susceptible to sin than men. For instance, in Romans 5:12-21, Paul discusses sin entering the world through one man (Adam) and redemption through one man (Christ), emphasizing collective human fallibility rather than gender-specific blame.
St. Jerome, despite extolling the virtues of celibate women, perpetuated the idea that women were inherently weaker and more susceptible to sin than men. However, St. Jerome's view of women as inherently weaker and more prone to sin is contradicted by various New Testament passages that highlight the active and significant roles of women in the early Christian community. Women such as Mary Magdalene, who is the first to witness and proclaim the resurrection of Christ (John 20:18), and Phoebe, who is referred to as a deacon and a benefactor in Romans 16:1-2, exemplify the important roles women played. Additionally, Galatians 3:28 underscores the fundamental equality of all believers: "There is neither Jew nor Gentile, neither slave nor free, nor is there male and female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus." This verse explicitly challenges the notion of gender hierarchy within the Christian community.
These interpretations were not merely reflections of personal biases but were deeply embedded in the historical and cultural contexts of the early Church. The Greco-Roman world, where Christianity initially took root, was a patriarchal society that afforded women limited rights and opportunities. For the Church Fathers, it was nearly inconceivable to envision women as independent agents capable of significant contributions beyond their traditional roles as wives and mothers. This cultural parochialism led to a theological framework that confined women to subordinate roles within the ecclesiastical hierarchy.
The ramifications of these early interpretations have been profound and enduring. For centuries, the Catholic Church has maintained a rigid gender hierarchy, systematically excluding women from ordained ministry and other positions of ecclesiastical leadership. The notion that women were innately suited for specific roles—primarily those involving caregiving and nurturing—became deeply entrenched, perpetuating stereotypes that undermined women's potential as leaders and intellectuals within the Church.
Nevertheless, it is crucial to recognize that the early Church also bore witness to women who played significant roles in its development. Figures such as Phoebe, a deaconess mentioned in the New Testament, and other prominent women in early Christian communities, demonstrate that the exclusion of women from leadership was not an immutable doctrine but rather a consequence of later interpretations. These historical examples suggest that the early Christian movement may have been more inclusive than traditionally conceived, and that the rigid gender roles were a subsequent imposition.
In contemporary times, there has been a burgeoning recognition of the necessity to re-evaluate the roles of women within the Church. The Second Vatican Council and subsequent papal teachings have emphasized the dignity and equality of women, advocating for greater inclusion and participation of women in various aspects of Church life. Nonetheless, significant challenges persist as the historical and cultural baggage of early interpretations continues to influence the Church's stance on gender roles.
To advance, it is essential to critically examine the historical context in which the Church Fathers formulated their views on women. By understanding the socio-cultural influences that shaped these interpretations, we can disentangle core Christian teachings from the cultural biases of its early proponents. This will enable a more authentic and inclusive understanding of women’s roles in the Church, one that aligns with contemporary values of gender equality and justice.
So why is Butker's assessment of Christianity and women's roles wrong, even when stripping the issues inherent in Catholicism away? Butker posits that true fulfillment for women is found primarily in traditional roles as wives and mothers, emphasizing that these roles are paramount to achieving happiness and stability. He uses his own wife, Isabelle, as an exemplar, praising her dedication to their family as the cornerstone of his success. Butker’s assertion is rooted in a long-standing tradition within Christianity that venerates motherhood and homemaking. This perspective finds support in certain Biblical passages, such as Proverbs 31:10-31, which extols the virtues of a diligent and wise woman who manages her household with care and skill.
Proverbs 31 describes an idealized woman who is industrious, manages her household, and is respected by her family and community. This passage is often cited to highlight the significant role women play within the family structure, supporting Butker’s view that women's primary fulfillment is in the domestic sphere. Moreover, Titus 2:3-5 advises older women to teach younger women to be "self-controlled and pure, to be busy at home, to be kind, and to be subject to their husbands, so that no one will malign the word of God." This reinforces the notion that women's roles within the home are divinely ordained and central to their identity and purpose.
However, a comprehensive examination of the Bible reveals a broader spectrum of women's roles beyond the confines of traditional domesticity. For instance, the Bible presents numerous examples of women who played pivotal roles outside the home. Deborah, a prophetess and judge, led Israel and was revered for her wisdom and leadership (Judges 4:4-5). Similarly, Priscilla, alongside her husband Aquila, was a prominent early Christian teacher who played a crucial role in the ministry of the Apostle Paul (Acts 18:26). These examples demonstrate that the Biblical narrative supports a more expansive view of women's contributions, both within and beyond the home.
Moreover, Galatians 3:28 states, "There is neither Jew nor Gentile, neither slave nor free, nor is there male and female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus." This passage underscores the fundamental equality of all believers in Christ, suggesting that spiritual and vocational roles should not be rigidly confined by gender. It challenges the notion that fulfillment and service to God are exclusively linked to traditional gender roles, advocating for a more inclusive understanding of vocation that encompasses diverse talents and callings.
Butker’s speech, while well-intentioned, risks oversimplifying and idealizing the roles of women by not fully acknowledging the breadth of Biblical examples and teachings. His emphasis on traditional roles may inadvertently marginalize those women who feel called to pursue vocations outside of marriage and motherhood. The Bible supports the idea that women, like men, can be called to various forms of service, leadership, and professional endeavors.
Isabelle Butker’s choice to prioritize her family is indeed admirable and reflects a valid and fulfilling path. However, it is essential to recognize that other women may find similar fulfillment in different arenas, whether in ministry, education, business, or other fields. The Bible does not prescribe a single path for all women but rather provides principles that can be applied to a variety of life circumstances.
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