While debating against a Muslim skeptic about the reliability and authenticity of the Gospels, he used the textual criticism angle to prove the "corruption" of the New Testament during its early transmissions. He gave me a book titled "Hunting for the Word of God" by Sami Ameri which discusses extensively the corruption of the Bible and the preservation of the Quran through a primarily textual-critical viewpoint. He cites a bunch of textual critics to demonstrate that we cannot trust the Bible but we can trust the Quran. It's a long book, unfortunately, so this post would be the first part in a I-don't-know-how-many-parts series of my hyper-focused dive into textual criticism of a potentially biased Muslim author. Please share your thoughts or any refutations or something. Thanks.
Key Points for the Corruption of the Bible (pp. 9-36)

• Biblical textual criticism's goal of restoring the original texts of the Gospel texts is an arrogant attempt to achieve an impossible and ambiguous task. Michael W. Holmes in "From 'Original Text' to 'Initial Text': the Traditional Goal of New Testament Textual Criticism in Contemporary Discussion" declared inadequate or deficient the traditional goal as many scholars consider that the study of the history of transmission of the text should be a legitimate goal in its own right rather than just a means of reaching the original text and finding the 'original text' is in itself an inherently ambiguous term subject to the serious question of whether it can be considered a goal. Eldon J. Epp in "The Multivalence of the Term 'Original Text' in New Testament Textual Criticism" expounds its complex meaning as the question which encompasses all of the questions about the issue of canon, the transmission in different languages despite Jesus' primarily Aramaic teachings, the formation of oral and form tradition of pre-literary Gospels, the Synoptic problem and its compositional stages alongside the Epistles, Acts, and Apocalypse, the textual decision among various readings without an 'original text' basis, and the validity and reliability of the text-critical methodologies that attempt to establish criteria of originality, eclectisms, and claims of theological and ideological alterations of manuscripts. Finally, Reuben Swanson in "New Testament Greek Manuscripts: Variant Readings Arranged in Horizontal Lines against Codex Vaticanus: Romans" went as far as to say that the traditional goal was a delusion, fictional, mythical, and impossible because first, only fragments of copies before 350 AD are owned which had not preserved 'the original pure text', and second, any final judgment between readings is subjectively conditioned by background, training, and theological bent.
• Aside from the sheer impossibility of textual criticism's goal to restore the 'original text', the science does not comprehensively answer the 'obscure zone' of the history of the texts. In fact, this 'zone' not only weakens the claim that the initial texts were preserved but also strengthens the hypothesis that the initial texts underwent many changes and alterations which may be called "corruptions". Ameri provides 10 major signs:
  • The text itself, based on Philip W. Comfort's "The Quest for the Original Text of the New Testament", gives proof of corruption in the 'obscure zone'. Comfort divides New Testament texts into two categories: texts that maintained the same shape of the autographs and texts that underwent the first phase of composition, edition, distribution and the second phase of re-edition and ditribution. Although no scriptural proof was used, philological studies presented by Comfort were enough evidence.
  • The earliest extant manuscripts received its most unorganized and chaotic transmission during the 1st and 2nd centuries. Helmut Koester in William J. Petersen's edition of "Gospel Traditions in the Second Century: Origins, Recensions, Text, and Transmission" and David C. Parker in "The Living Text of the Gospels" both assert that most substantial alterations of the Gospel texts happened in the first 150 years, leaving no guarantee of identicality between the archetypes of the manuscripts tradition and the original texts. Thus, the originality of the 3rd-century copies can be put into doubt as the 'enlightened zone' emerged from the 'obscure zone'.
  • Complementary to the issue of early transmission during the 'obscure zone' is the tendency of later Gospel scribes to harmonize the Gospels by removing discrepancies that make accounts conflicting. D. C. Parker's "The Living Text of the Gospels" was primarily cited as it said that the text and its traditions remained fluid even after the evangelists which was demonstrated by the harmonization phenomenon. Ameri hypothesized that this phase of New Testament transmission shows signs of being pruned to fit the orthodox creed of inerrancy; therefore, allowing for the possibility that scribes did more than just accidently change the Scriptures.
  • The location of the earliest manuscripts give evidence on the unreliability of the earliest manuscripts themselves as something close to the autographs. Egyptian manuscripts, instead of considering them as transferred manuscripts from somewhere else, must be considered as Egyptian versions because of a lack of evidence on the part of critics that hold the former opinion. Timothy J. Finney in his dissertation "The Ancient Witnesses of the Epistle to the Hebrews: A Computer-Assisted Analysis of the Papyrus and Uncial Manuscripts of PROS EBRAIOUS" demonstrated that they had similar orthography. Based on the hypothesis that shared orthography meant shared provenance, the scribes who distributed the copies were possibly from the same region, namely Egypt. The fact that these Egyptian manuscripts differ from patristic citations as they used the Western text-type instead of the Alexadrian one adds doubt towards the earliest extant manuscripts.
  • 2nd-century citations by the Church Fathers provide evidence of alterations in New Testament manuscripts. William P. Petersen's essay, "The Genesis of the Gospels", presented 6 observations among the use of New Testament texts by early witnesses: 1) Gospel quotations tend to be prominently harmonized, 2) extra-canonical material is prominent and mixed with canonical content, 3) passages with parallel to the canonical Gospels have variants, 4) the sequence of recognizable material between parallel passages are altered, 5) the earlier the citations are, the vaguer and less parallel the citations become compared to the canonical texts, and 6) the earlier the citations, the less emphasis on Jesus' life and teachings.
  • Following on Church Fathers, the Western text-type used by the majority of patristic texts are not a homogeneous group. Bruce Metzger and Bart Ehrman in "The Text of the New Testament, Its Transmission, Corruption and Restoration" said that von Soden had to organize 7 sub-groups of witnesses which were more or less related to the Western texts. Michael W. Holmes in David E. Aume's edition of "The Blackwell Companion to the New Testament" also noted that the Western text-type exhibited harmonistic, paraphrasing, substitutive, and additive tendencies of scribes, which strengthens the claim that the 'obscure zone' was a period of uncontrolled transmission and alteration.
  • The Synoptic Gospels, specifically Matthew and Luke, showed signs of using a common Markan source. However, despite using a common text, authors of Matthew and Luke exhibited minor disagreements against Mark. Helmut Koester in "The Text of the Synoptic Gospels in the Second Century" posited that Matthew and Luke did use Mark, but a copy that was different from later texts, earning the designation Proto-Mark that had no disagreements with Matthew and Luke during the early few centuries. Daniel B. Wallace in "Revisiting the Corruption of the New Testament: Manuscript, Patristic, and Apocryphal Evidence" affirmed that the Mark that Matthew and Luke used was different, but suggested an opposite hypothesis that the copy was different from Proto-Mark and that the two Synoptic Gospels paralleled later versions.
  • The heretics who were accused of tampering with Scriptures are as, if not more, reliable than the orthodox tradition. Bart Ehrman in "Misquoting Jesus" flipped the claim towards the orthodox scribes as they frequently changed texts to eliminate "misuse" by heretics. Gilles Quispel in "Marcion and the Text of the New Testament" would even say that Marcion preserved the readings of his time rather than alter them. This claim was not unheard of among pre-Nicene Fathers, as Origen quoted Celsus, an opponent of Christianity during the centuries of the 'obscure zone', who accused some Christian believers to alter the original texts three or four or several times over to deny criticism in "Contra Celsum".
  • Lastly, the non-canonical gospels raise questions towards the relationship between the canonical and non-canonical traditions during the early distribution of the original Gospel autographs. Tatian and Clement of Alexandria are examples of Fathers who held non-canonical verses as no less authoritative than other canonical texts. William L. Petersen in "The Genesis of the Gospels" finds extra-canonical clauses in the Diatessaron as proof that there was no established text of the Gospels and that the parts of the current canon were subject to the whims of any writer, editor, or harmonist.
  • Overall, considering the issues found during the 'obscure zone', the critical editions of current scholarship are not found in any extant manuscript, version, or Father citation.
• Given the diversity of the extant manuscripts, many textual methodologies emerged, more often than not conflicting and demonstrating a non-linear pathway towards the restoration of the original texts. The main methods are listed: 1) Textus Receptus compiled by Erasmus in the 16th century based from the Byzantine type-text manuscripts which became used during the 16th and 17th centuries but abandoned in the 1900s, 2) Majority Text method which emphasizes the presence of the original text through repeating patterns and readings found in manuscripts, forming a statistical construct of the text, 3) Traditional Critical Method used mostly by 19th-century scholars by basing a new constructed text from an extant manuscripts and assessing its readings by comparison with other texts, and 4) Eclectic Method where a scholar has free choice to establish pre-adopted rules to determine the best variant reading. Ameri concluded that the certainty of the Church in the unsullied transmission of Biblical texts is deceptive and reasoned eclecticism cannot be used to fulfill the traditional goal of textual criticism.
• All in all, textual criticism fails to cater to the Christian need of an original and reliable Bible. The United Bible Societies Greek New Testament is an example of changing preferences within the discipline. Despite reclassifying the readings throughout its editions with considerable differences, the authority was uncertain with the use of 59% of its variants. Bart Ehrman in Barbara Aland and Joel Delobel's edition of "New Testament Textual Criticism, Exegesis and Early Church History: A Discussion of Methods" shoots the mercy bullet that virtually no one has read the New Testament in their original form.

TL;DR: Christian textual criticism is stoopid af that's why the Bible is not reliable

gday every1....as the title says paarthunax is just refusing to continue with the dialogue for the throat of the world quest....ive tried everything i have 0 mods that alter shouts or anything that alters paarthunax
send help ;')
heres my modlist
Skyrim.esm
Update.esm
Dawnguard.esm
HearthFires.esm
Dragonborn.esm
ccBGSSSE001-Fish.esm
ccQDRSSE001-SurvivalMode.esl
ccBGSSSE037-Curios.esl
ccBGSSSE025-AdvDSGS.esm
_ResourcePack.esl
Unofficial Skyrim Special Edition Patch.esp
Vanilla Script MicroOptimizations.esl
Skyrim Project Optimization - Full Version.esm
RSkyrimChildren.esm
MajesticMountains_Landscape.esm
JK's College of Winterhold.esp
Cathedral - 3D Mountain Flowers.esp
Occ_Skyrim_Tamriel.esp
Water for ENB.esm
Natural Waterfalls.esp
GKBWavesReborn.esp
Lux Orbis - Master plugin.esm
Campfire.esm
Lux - Resources.esp
Lux Via.esp
Lux - Master plugin.esm
Natural Waterfalls - Dawnguard.esp
Natural Waterfalls - Dragonborn.esp
RaceCompatibility.esm
Smooth Weapon.esm
Vanilla Scripts Enhanced.esl
SimplyOptimizedScripts.esl
ApachiiHair.esm
___BlockAngleFix.esl
NoRecoil.esm
OCPA.esl
TrueHUD.esl
High Poly Head.esm
Expressive Facegen Morphs.esl
Particle Patch for ENB.esp
SkyUI_SE.esp
Obsidian Weathers.esp
SMIM-SE-Merged-All.esp
Better Dynamic Snow.esp
COR SV Beards.esp
Northern Roads.esp
Nature of the Wild Lands.esp
Lux Orbis.esp
Relationship Dialogue Overhaul.esp
Northern Roads - Lux Via patch.esp
JK's Castle Volkihar.esp
Folkvangr - Grass and Landscape Overhaul.esp
Lux Via - Brighter lighting patch.esp
Northern Roads - Landscape Fixes for Grass Mods patch.esp
NAT-ENB.esp
JK's Fort Dawnguard.esp
JK's Understone Keep.esp
Lux Via - plugin.esp
Northern Roads - Landscape and Water Fixes patch.esp
JK's The Bards College.esp
JK's Castle Dour.esp
JK's Blue Palace.esp
JK's High Hrothgar.esp
SeranaDialogAddon.esp
JK's Temple of the Divines.esp
JK's Sky Haven Temple.esp
Northern Roads - Complementary Grass Fixes patch.esp
HIMBO.esp
Runandwalkpaces.esp
JK's Arnleif and Sons Trading Company.esp
JK's Jorrvaskr.esp
JK's Mistveil Keep.esp
JK's Temple of Mara.esp
JK's Palace of the Kings.esp
JK's Temple of Dibella.esp
= Craft Free - All DLC - Overhaul 1.4 =.esp
Embers XD.esp
Grass FPS Booster - Folkvangr.esp
Northern Roads - Grass Patch.esp
Cathedral - 3D Pine Grass.esp
Origins Of Forest - 3D Forest Grass.esp
QW's Grass Patch 2.esp
JK's The Hag's Cure.esp
realm of lorkhan - custom alternate start - choose your own adventure.esp
JK's Sinderion's Field Laboratory.esp
JK's Dragonsreach.esp
Cathedral - 3D Solstheim Grass.esp
JK's Silver-Blood Inn.esp
JK's Elgrims Elixirs.esp
JK's Bee and Barb.esp
S3DRocks.esp
MajesticMountains.esp
KhajiitHazWares.esp
KHW-SkylandTentsTweak.esp
JK's New Gnisis Cornerclub.esp
JK's The Pawned Prawn.esp
Lit Road Signs.esp
Northern Roads - Nature of the Wild Lands Patch.esp
JKs Whiterun.esp
JK's Riverwood Trader.esp
Northern Roads - Lux Orbis Patch.esp
man_DaedricShrines.esp
JK's Radiant Raiment.esp
Northern Roads - Lux Via - Lux Orbis consistency patch.esp
Cloaks.esp
JK's The Bannered Mare.esp
JK's White Phial.esp
JK's Sleeping Giant Inn.esp
JK's Angelines Aromatics.esp
JK's Temple of Talos.esp
wavetest.esp
fallentreebridgesSSE.esp
JK's Candlehearth Hall.esp
JK's The Ragged Flagon.esp
mihailcrowsandravens.esp
JK's Septimus Signus's Outpost.esp
JK's Bits and Pieces.esp
JK's Warmaiden's.esp
JK's Arcadia's Cauldron.esp
get_no_dead_followers_sepc_sp0ckrates.esp
Natural Waterfalls - Fallen Trees Patch.esp
mihailraysandwhales.esp
mihailfrostgiant.esp
KHW - Northern Roads.esp
Northern Roads - CC Fishing patch.esp
Lux Orbis - Saints and Seducers patch.esp
Lux Orbis - CC Fish patch.esp
Lux Orbis - JK's High Hrothgar patch.esp
Lux Orbis - USSEP patch.esp
JK's Sadris Used Wares.esp
JK's Temple of Kynareth.esp
JKs The Drunken Huntsman.esp
mihailcowvariants.esp
Northern Roads - Water for ENB (Shades of Skyrim) patch.esp
Embers XD - Patch - Lux Via.esp
JKs Castle Volkihar - CC Fishing patch.esp
Lux Orbis - Embers XD patch.esp
OStim.esp
JKs Elgrims Elixirs - Bee and Barb Patch.esp
JKs Ragged Flagon - Embers XD Patch.esp
mihailwhalebones.esp
Northern Roads - JKs Sky Haven Temple patch.esp
Northern Roads - Lux Via - JK Skyhaven patch.esp
KHW - EmbersXD.esp
Lux Orbis - JK's College patch.esp
fallenbridgesSSE-Patch.esp
Kynreeve Armor.esp
JKs Ragged Flagon - USSEP Patch.esp
OStimCommunityResource.esp
Ivy Replacer BOS.esp
SDA Campfire Patch.esp
ImGladYoureHere.esp
SDA GYH Patch.esp
SDA RDO Patch.esp
Gotobed-HearthFires-patch.esp
Gotobed.esp
Smooth Animation.esp
Precision.esp
TrueDirectionalMovement.esp
Attack_DXP.esp
WaitYourTurn.esp
LoreLoadScreen.esp
DragonCarvedArmorSet AiO.esp
Bijin Warmaidens.esp
Serana.esp
UD_Serana.esp
AltairVampireRoyal.esp
OBody.esp
3BBB.esp
SOSPhysicsManager.esp
JKs Bannered Mare - SPO Patch.esp
JKs Bannered Mare - Immersion Patch.esp
Water for ENB - Patch - JKs Bannered Mare.esp
GhostLight.esp
KrittaKittyHorsesForSSE.esp
JKs Angelines Aromatics - USSEP Patch.esp
JKs Arcadias Cauldron - USSEP Patch.esp
JKs Arnleif and Sons - SPO Patch.esp
JKs Bee and Barb - Embers XD Patch.esp
JKs Bits and Pieces - USSEP Patch.esp
JKs Blue Palace - Nature of the Wildlands patch.esp
JKs Blue Palace - Immersion Patch.esp
JKs Candlehearth Hall - Embers XD Patch.esp
JKs Candlehearth Hall - SPO Patch.esp
JKs Dragonsreach - Relationship Dialogue Overhaul Patch.esp
JKs Drunken Huntsman - USSEP Patch.esp
JKs Elgrims Elixirs - Embers XD Patch.esp
JKs Elgrims Elixirs - SPO Patch.esp
JKs Hags Cure - Embers XD Patch.esp
JKs Mistveil Keep - Embers XD Patch.esp
JKs Palace of the Kings - Embers XD Patch.esp
JKs Palace of the Kings - Cloaks Patch.esp
JKs Palace of the Kings - SPO Patch.esp
JKs Palace of the Kings - USSEP Patch.esp
JKs Pawned Prawn - Embers XD Patch.esp
JKs Pawned Prawn - SPO Patch.esp
JKs Radiant Raiment - USSEP Patch.esp
JKs Radiant Raiment - Immersion Patch.esp
JKs Radiant Raiment - Cloaks Patch.esp
JKs Silver-Blood Inn - Embers XD Patch.esp
Northern Roads - JK's Sinderion's Field Laboratory patch.esp
JKs Sinderions Field Laboratory - CC - Fishing patch.esp
JKs Sleeping Giant Inn - Embers XD Patch.esp
JKs Sleeping Giant Inn - WiZKiD Alchemy Table patch.esp
JKs Sleeping Giant Inn - SPO Patch.esp
JKs Temple of Dibella - SPO Patch.esp
JKs Temple of Mara - SPO Patch.esp
JKs Temple of Talos - USSEP patch.esp
JKs Temple of Talos - Cloaks of Skyrim patch.esp
JKs Temple of the Divines - SPO patch.esp
JKs Temple of the Divines - USSEP Patch.esp
JKs Understone Keep - Embers XD Patch.esp
JKs Understone Keep - USSEP patch.esp
JKs White Phial - Embers XD Patch.esp
JKs White Phial - SPO Patch.esp
JKs Bards College - USSEP patch.esp
JKs Bards College - SPO patch.esp
JKs Castle Dour - SPO Patch.esp
JKs Castle Dour - Cloaks of Skyrim patch.esp
JKs Castle Dour - USSEP patch.esp
JKs Castle Volkihar - Embers XD patch.esp
JKs College of Winterhold - SPO Patch.esp
JKs College of Winterhold - USSEP patch.esp
JKs College of Winterhold - Cloaks Patch.esp
JKs College of Winterhold - 3D Mountain Flowers patch.esp
Cloaks - Dawnguard.esp
JKs Fort Dawnguard - Cloaks of Dawnguard patch.esp
JKs Fort Dawnguard - RDO patch.esp
JKs Fort Dawnguard - SDA patch.esp
JKs High Hrothgar - Embers XD patch.esp
JKs High Hrothgar - Cloaks of Skyrim patch.esp
Bears of the North.esp
JKs Jorrvaskr - Bears of the North patch.esp
JKs Sky Haven Temple - USSEP Patch.esp
Footprints.esp
Sleepwear.esp
UNP Simply Clothes.esp
TW3 Geralt Prologue Gear.esp
CraftingAnimations.esp
Action Based Projectiles.esp
Embers XD - Fire Magick Add-On.esp
ENB Light.esp
Embers XD - Patch - ENB Light.esp
Embers XD - Patch - JKs Dragonsreach.esp
shadowmere_replace.esp
KSHairVanilla1.esp
KSHairVanilla2.esp
KSHairVanilla3.esp
Cloaks - USSEP Patch.esp
GDOS - Splendid Mechanized Dwemer Door.esp
WadeInWater.esp
Sonders_Keyword_Distribution.esp
Radzig - Johnskyrim.esp
JS Unique Utopia SE - Rings - Johnskyrim.esp
PAN_NPCs_DG.esp
NoCameraFilters.esp
Nicos Reversed Daggers.esp
BetterThirdPersonSelection.esp
Cloaks_SMP_Patch.esp
PAN_NPCs_Males.esp
Ultimate Dodge Mod.esp
big_kill_moves_sp0.esp
Book Of Shadows.esp
Contractor Armor.esp
Evil MasterMind Armor.esp
Northern Roads - CC Saints and Seducers patch.esp
Northern Roads - El Sopa Resculpted Reach Bridge Fix.esp
Fenrir Blades.esp
RaceCompatibilityUSKPOverride.esp
VisualAnimatedEnchants2023.esp
tamu75GreatSword.esp
AFB_ScarSliderHP.esp
RaceMenu.esp
XPMSE.esp
separated Slash Effects X.esp
Dynamic Impact - Slash Effects X.esp
Disable Turn Animation.esp
SmoothCam.esp
DynamicBlockHit.esp
MCMHelper.esp
ValhallaCombat.esp
ValhallaBackStabFix.esp
UIExtensions.esp
Praedy's AncientFalmerThrone.esp
MfgFix.esp
Project ja-Kha'jay- Khajiit Diversity.esp
JKJ - USSEP Patch.esp
SkyrimMaiqReplacer.esp
Grass FPS Booster - QW2.esp
Grass FPS Booster - Origins.esp
bodyscars.esp
WetandCold.esp
ReadTheRoom.esp
Ulfric Replacer.esp
Beards.esp
Brows.esp
NB-Scars.esp
KS Hairdo's.esp
FNIS.esp
KSHairdosSMP.esp
RaceMenuPlugin.esp
CBBE.esp
Valerica.esp
Bijin Wives.esp
Bijin NPCs.esp
PAN_NPCs.esp
PAN_NPCs_Males2.esp
PAN_NPCs_DB.esp
RSChildren.esp
CarryweightExtended.esp
Carryweight Extended Improved.esp
JS Unique Utopia SE - Daggers - Johnskyrim.esp
RUSTIC SOULGEMS - Unsorted.esp
Volkihar Knight.esp
IcePenguinWorldMap.esp
HearthFireBuildingForCheatsAE.esp
JS Barenziah SE - Johnskyrim.esp
WeldingMans Enchanting Tables - BOS.esp
immersivehdbanners.esp
Northern Roads - Realm of Lorkhan patch.esp
Lux Orbis - JK's Drunken Huntsman patch.esp
Lux Orbis - JK's Bannered Mare patch.esp
Lux Orbis - JK's Bards College patch.esp
Lux Orbis - JK's Bee and Barb patch.esp
Lux Orbis - JK's Candlehearth Hall patch.esp
Lux Orbis - JK's Fort Dawnguard patch.esp
Lux Orbis - JK's Mistveil Keep patch.esp
Nature of the Wild Lands - Autumn Birches.esp
HPP - Vaermina's Torpor.esp
SkyHUD.esp
Unlimited Sprinting.esp
JK's Belethor's General Goods.esp
Imperial Armors and Weapons Retexture SE - Penitus Pants.esp
cheat room.esp
TheEyesOfBeauty.esp
Collygon - Niohoggr Warpaints.esp
Keytrace.esp
Sleeping NPCs Detector.esp
LootingAnimations.esp
scar-adxp-patch.esp
CampfireLover.esp
Immersive Citizens - AI Overhaul.esp
JK's The Winking Skeever.esp
JKs Jorrvaskr - Immersive Citizens Patch.esp
JKs Candlehearth Hall - Immersive Citizens Patch.esp
JKs Winking Skeever - USSEP Patch.esp
JKs Winking Skeever - Fishing Patch.esp
JKs Winking Skeever - Immersive Citizens patch.esp
JKs Bannered Mare - Immersive Citizens Patch.esp
JKs Belethors General Goods - Immersive Citizens Patch.esp
JKs Dragonsreach - Immersive Citizens Patch.esp
JKs Temple of Kynareth - Immersive Citizens patch.esp
JKs Sleeping Giant Inn - Immersive Citizens Patch.esp
JKs Drunken Huntsman - Immersive Citizens Patch.esp
JKs New Gnisis Cornerclub - Immersive Citizens Patch.esp
JKs Palace of the Kings - Immersive Citizens Patch.esp
JKs Riverwood Trader - Immersive Citizens patch.esp
JKs Silver-Blood Inn - Immersive Citizens patch.esp
JKs Temple of Talos - Immersive Citizens patch.esp
JKs Temple of the Divines - Immersive Citizens patch.esp
JKs Understone Keep - Immersive Citizens patch.esp
JKs Warmaidens - Immersive Citizens Patch.esp
JKs Winking Skeever - Immersion Patch.esp
JKs College of Winterhold - Immersive Citizens patch.esp
Lux Orbis - JK's Winking Skeever patch.esp
Water for ENB (Shades of Skyrim).esp
Northern Roads - Water for ENB (Shades of Skyrim) - Water patch.esp
Water for ENB - Patch - Folkvangr.esp
Natural Waterfalls - Water for ENB Patch (Shades of Skyrim).esp
Water for ENB - Patch - JKs Ragged Flagon.esp
Lux.esp
Lux - Brighter Templates.esp
Lux - Brighter interior nights.esp
Lux - Even Brighter Templates.esp
Lux - USSEP patch.esp
Lux - JK's Castle Dour patch.esp
Lux - JK's College patch.esp
Lux - JK's Dragonsreach patch.esp
Lux - JK's Palace of Kings patch.esp
Lux - JK's Bannered Mare patch.esp
Lux - JK's Bee and Barb patch.esp
Lux - JK's Candlehearth Hall patch.esp
Lux - JK's Fort Dawnguard patch.esp
Lux - Embers XD patch.esp
Lux - JK's Angelines Aromatics patch.esp
Lux - JK's Arcadia's Cauldron patch.esp
Lux - JK's Arnleif and Sons Trading Company patch.esp
Lux - JK's Bits and Pieces patch.esp
Lux - JK's Blue Palace patch.esp
Lux - JK's Drunken Huntsman patch.esp
Lux - JK's Elgrims Elixirs patch.esp
Lux - JK's The Hag's Cure patch.esp
Lux - JK's Mistveil Keep patch.esp
Lux - JK's Pawned Prawn patch.esp
Lux - JK's Radiant Raiment patch.esp
Lux - JK's Ragged Flagon patch.esp
Water for ENB - Patch - Lux - JKs Ragged Flagon.esp
Lux - JK's Blood Inn patch.esp
Lux - JK's Sinderion's Lab patch.esp
Lux - JK's Sleeping Giant inn patch.esp
Lux - JK's Temple of Dibella patch.esp
Lux - JK's Temple of Mara patch.esp
Lux - JK's Temple of Talos patch.esp
Lux - JK's Temple of Divines patch.esp
Lux - JK's Understone Keep patch.esp
Lux - JK's White Phial patch.esp
Lux - JK's Bards College patch.esp
Lux - JK's High Hrothgar patch.esp
Lux - JK's Jorrvaskr patch.esp
Lux - Realm of Lorkhan.esp
Lux - CC Fish patch.esp
Lux - JK's Belethor's General Goods patch.esp
Lux - JK's New Gnisis Cornerclub patch.esp
Lux - JK's Riverwood Trader patch.esp
Lux - JK's Sadris Used Wares patch.esp
Lux - JK's Septimus Signus Outpost patch.esp
Lux - JK's Sky Haven patch.esp
Lux - JK's Temple of Kynareth patch.esp
Lux - JK's Warmaidens patch.esp
Lux - NAT ENB.esp
Lux - Saints and Seducers patch.esp
Lux - JK's Winking Skeever patch.esp
JKs Winking Skeever - SPO Lux patch.esp
Lux - Water for ENB (Shades of skyrim) patch.esp
Northern Roads - Lux patch.esp

Dear Mr. R,
I hope this letter finds you well. As I sit down to express my concerns regarding our geometry curriculum on the IXL platform, I am reminded of the intricate web of angles and lines that seem to elude my grasp. Specifically, my struggles have been most pronounced in understanding Line and Angle Theorems, Triangle Similarity and Congruence, and Parallelogram Theorems.
I find myself in a labyrinth of confusion, navigating through the maze of geometric principles with uncertainty at every turn. Despite my earnest endeavors to decipher the complexities presented by these concepts, I often feel like a sailor lost at sea, adrift amidst a sea of angles and shapes with no guiding star to lead me ashore.
The explanations provided within the platform, while undoubtedly informative, often feel like cryptic messages written in an ancient language, inaccessible to my modern mind. I pore over the text, dissecting each word with meticulous care, yet the elusive truths of geometry seem to slip through my fingers like grains of sand.
The frustration of grappling with these concepts is compounded by the realization that I am not alone in my struggles. Many of my peers, whom I have long regarded as the brightest minds in our class, find themselves similarly ensnared in the web of geometric perplexity. Our once-vibrant classroom discussions now echo with the somber tones of uncertainty, as we collectively wrestle with the enigmatic properties of lines, angles, and shapes.
In the face of such formidable challenges, I am compelled to seek refuge in the sanctuary of knowledge that you so generously provide. Your wisdom and expertise have long served as a beacon of hope amidst the stormy seas of academia, guiding us through the treacherous waters of mathematical inquiry with patience and grace.
While I understand the constraints on your time and the challenges associated with scheduling extra sessions, I am hopeful that we can explore alternative avenues for assistance. Could we perhaps engage in more interactive and experiential learning activities that bring these abstract concepts to life in a tangible and accessible manner? By immersing ourselves in the world of geometry through hands-on exploration and experimentation, we may discover new insights and perspectives that illuminate the path forward.
Additionally, I would be immensely grateful for any recommendations you could offer regarding supplementary resources or alternative approaches to studying that might aid in deepening my understanding. Whether it be books, videos, or online tutorials, I am eager to explore any avenue that promises to shed light on the mysteries of geometry and unlock the secrets of its timeless truths.
Furthermore, I believe there is immense value in fostering a collaborative learning environment where students can support one another in overcoming shared challenges. Encouraging group discussions and peer-to-peer mentoring sessions focused on these topics could provide us with new insights and perspectives that may prove invaluable in our journey towards mastery.
Your dedication to our academic growth and your unwavering commitment to excellence have always been a source of inspiration for me. I am confident that with your guidance, I can navigate through the labyrinth of geometric perplexity and emerge on the other side with a deeper, more comprehensive understanding of these crucial concepts.
Thank you for taking the time to consider my concerns, and for your ongoing commitment to nurturing our intellectual curiosity and growth. I eagerly await your guidance and assistance as I continue to navigate this intricate world of angles and lines.
Warmest regards,
Y.

Since the June DSAT is coming up I thought I'd make a post on tips and resources I used to help me study for the May 4th sat. This post goes into decent depth so read it all carefully and remember what worked for me might not work for you.
If you're like me and procrastinated studying until now then this post is definitely for you. All my prep for the May 4th test was done in like 14 days and I expect a score of 1540 or above.
My scores for the college board practice tests:
Practice Test 1: 1220
Practice Test 2: 1190
Practice Test 3: 1530
Practice Test 4: 1360
Practice Test 5: 1460
Practice Test 6: 1530
PRACTICE TESTS EXPERIENCE: Practice Test 1 and 2 were done without desmos since I didn't even know I could use it, so I basically wasted those two. I did test 2 after doing khan academy, test 3 was done using desmos and I did it after I grinded through like 80% of khan academy. Practice Test 4 truly humbled me and I realized how unprepared I really was which was when I started watching more youtube videos. I took the practice test 5 only 2 days after test 4 and my score increased like crazy which made me confident again.
NOTE: PRACTICE TEST 4, 5, AND 6 ARE THE CLOSEST IN DIFFICULTY TO THE REAL DEAL, TEST 1, 2 AND 3 ARE VERY EASY COMPARED TO THE REAL THING.
BASICS FOR BEGINNERS: If you have not studied yet at all you should start with basic concepts on Khan academy, grind through the lessons and videos, do the practice questions in the foundation section and medium section. Also learn how to use desmos, I used desmos for things I didn't even know was possible. Learning how to use desmos got rid of easy constant questions, inequalities, system of equations. Make sure to watch the 3 part desmos videos I talked about below in the youtubers section, it truly helped me a lot.
YOUTUBE: Youtube was one of the key reasons my score increased, I watched videos on the dsat constantly, while I ate food, even on my breaks I just watched videos running through the practice test I had already taken over and over again. I went over each practice test and the mistakes I made probably like 3 - 4 times throughout the 15 days.
QUESTION BANK: After I finished every practice test provided by the college board, ONLY THEN did I go to the college board question bank. This is because a good amount of the questions off of the practice tests are in this bank so without knowing it your brain could memorize how to do it and recognize it when doing the practice test which would inflate your marks. I probably went through hundreds of questions from the question bank (English and math) within the last 3 days before the may 4th test.
EXTRA TIPS: Sleep and exercise are also very important and something that I think isn't talked about enough, this applies more to people who are in my boat and are studying last minute and want a really high score. I slept crazy every night and it really helped me retain more information. Exercise is an amazing break even a walk works, anytime I hit a wall during my study periods I'd just go to the gym for 45 minutes to and hour and I would always come back refreshed ready to study again.
Youtubers I used:
Not promoting these guys in any way but they're just the only youtubers I used and I think other people here would probably find them useful.
Here are all the youtubers I used, Scalar Learning, Settele Tutoring, Tutorllini Test Prep, Strategic Test Prep, Method Learning.
Scalar Learning: He has some decent videos teaching basic concepts and his shorts have some good practice questions that he goes through.
Settele Tutoring: Settele was the one I watched the most, he went through every single question (in separate videos) on every single practice test given by the college board, I also watched some of his free concept learning videos on english, I think he explains a lot of the stuff pretty well. He’s amazing at english and helping you learn english, he made something called a “dumb summary” which I actually used a lot on my may 4th sat, it’s essentially a method where you can summarize a massive paragraph in like 30-40 seconds easily.
Tutorllini Test Prep: Has some good concept videos and also goes through all the math questions on all the practice tests really well, sometimes giving like 2-3 different methods you can use to solve a single question. He also goes through some of his own worksheets that he’s made and some of them are pretty good practice.
Strategic Test Prep: She gives some good test day tips and tips and shortcuts in general for the SAT, her explanations on the practice tests are also pretty decent.
Method Learning: Method Learning is what I’d say really boosted my score in the very beginning stages of my studying. This is only because of his 3 part desmos videos, I didn’t watch any of his other videos but that 3 part seriously was a game changer. The desmos tips he gives are amazing. An example is if a question gives you a linear or quadratic equation and then a constant in it, you can plug that exact equation into desmos and move the slider around to find what the constant is, this takes no more than 30 seconds.
Formulas I memorized for the DSAT:
You will have to memorize some formulas for the DSAT and some will make your life easier.
Sum of interior angles in a polygon: 180(n-2)
Area of a sector: πr^2 ⋅ θ/360
Arc Length: 2πr ⋅ θ/360
Mass/Volume/Density: m = v(d)
X cord. of vertex: -b/2a
Sum of solutions: -b/a
Product of solutions: c/a
If anyone needs any tips or anything just let me know I'll try my best to respond.
Whatever score you want is possible if you're willing to put in the work and time.

Since the June DSAT is coming up I thought I'd make a post on tips and resources I used to help me study for the May 4th sat. This post goes into decent depth so read it all carefully and remember what worked for me might not work for you.
If you're like me and procrastinated studying until now then this post is definitely for you. All my prep for the May 4th test was done in like 15 days and I expect a score of 1540 or above.
My scores for the college board practice tests:
Practice Test 1: 1220
Practice Test 2: 1190
Practice Test 3: 1530
Practice Test 4: 1360
Practice Test 5: 1460
Practice Test 6: 1530
PRACTICE TESTS EXPERIENCE: Practice Test 1 and 2 were done without desmos since I didn't even know I could use it, so I basically wasted those two. I did test 2 after doing khan academy, test 3 was done using desmos and I did it after I grinded through like 80% of khan academy. Practice Test 4 truly humbled me and I realized how unprepared I really was which was when I started watching more youtube videos. I took the practice test 5 only 2 days after test 4 and my score increased like crazy which made me confident again.
NOTE: PRACTICE TEST 4, 5, AND 6 ARE THE CLOSEST IN DIFFICULTY TO THE REAL DEAL, TEST 1, 2 AND 3 ARE VERY EASY COMPARED TO THE REAL THING.
BASICS FOR BEGINNERS: If you have not studied yet at all you should start with basic concepts on Khan academy, grind through the lessons and videos, do the practice questions in the foundation section and medium section. Also learn how to use desmos, I used desmos for things I didn't even know was possible. Learning how to use desmos got rid of easy constant questions, inequalities, system of equations. Make sure to watch the 3 part desmos videos I talked about below in the youtubers section, it truly helped me a lot.
YOUTUBE: Youtube was one of the key reasons my score increased, I watched videos on the dsat constantly, while I ate food, even on my breaks I just watched videos running through the practice test I had already taken over and over again. I went over each practice test and the mistakes I made probably like 3 - 4 times throughout the 15 days.
QUESTION BANK: After I finished every practice test provided by the college board, ONLY THEN did I go to the college board question bank. This is because a good amount of the questions off of the practice tests are in this bank so without knowing it your brain could memorize how to do it and recognize it when doing the practice test which would inflate your marks. I probably went through hundreds of questions from the question bank (English and math) within the last 3 days before the may 4th test.
EXTRA TIPS: Sleep and exercise are also very important and something that I think isn't talked about enough, this applies more to people who are in my boat and are studying last minute and want a really high score. I slept crazy every night and it really helped me retain more information. Exercise is an amazing break even a walk works, anytime I hit a wall during my study periods I'd just go to the gym for 45 minutes to and hour and I would always come back refreshed ready to study again.
Youtubers I used:
Not promoting these guys in any way but they're just the only youtubers I used and I think other people here would probably find them useful.
Here are all the youtubers I used, Scalar Learning, Settele Tutoring, Tutorllini Test Prep, Strategic Test Prep, Method Learning.
Scalar Learning: He has some decent videos teaching basic concepts and his shorts have some good practice questions that he goes through.
Settele Tutoring: Settele was the one I watched the most, he went through every single question (in separate videos) on every single practice test given by the college board, I also watched some of his free concept learning videos on english, I think he explains a lot of the stuff pretty well. He’s amazing at english and helping you learn english, he made something called a “dumb summary” which I actually used a lot on my may 4th sat, it’s essentially a method where you can summarize a massive paragraph in like 30-40 seconds easily.
Tutorllini Test Prep: Has some good concept videos and also goes through all the math questions on all the practice tests really well, sometimes giving like 2-3 different methods you can use to solve a single question. He also goes through some of his own worksheets that he’s made and some of them are pretty good practice.
Strategic Test Prep: She gives some good test day tips and tips and shortcuts in general for the SAT, her explanations on the practice tests are also pretty decent.
Method Learning: Method Learning is what I’d say really boosted my score in the very beginning stages of my studying. This is only because of his 3 part desmos videos, I didn’t watch any of his other videos but that 3 part seriously was a game changer. The desmos tips he gives are amazing. An example is if a question gives you a linear or quadratic equation and then a constant in it, you can plug that exact equation into desmos and move the slider around to find what the constant is, this takes no more than 30 seconds.
Formulas I memorized for the DSAT:
You will have to memorize some formulas for the DSAT and some will make your life easier.
Sum of interior angles in a polygon: 180(n-2)
Area of a sector: πr^2 ⋅ θ/360
Arc Length: 2πr ⋅ θ/360
Mass/Volume/Density: m = v(d)
X cord. of vertex: -b/2a
Sum of solutions: -b/a
Product of solutions: c/a
If anyone needs any tips or anything just let me know I'll try my best to respond.
Whatever score you want is possible if you're willing to put in the work and time.

Edit: List alphabetized for readability.
I'm working on a modpack right now and I'm trying to figure out what mod adds step assist so I can get rid of it or config it.
Here's my modlist:

[EMF] Entity Model Features [Fabric & Forge] (by traben_0) [ETF] Entity Texture Features - [Fabric & Forge] (by traben_0) Absent by Design (by Lothrazar) Ad Astra (by AlexNijjar) Ad Astra: Giselle Addon (by gisellevonbingen) Additional Lanterns (by SuperMartijn642) Additional Lights (by mgen256) Advanced Peripherals (by srrendi) Aether: Lost Content Addon (by ModdingLegacy) AI Improvements (by QueenOfMissiles) Ambient Environment (by Jaredlll08) Amendments (by plantspookable) Apotheosis (by Shadows_of_Fire) Apothic Attributes (AttributesLib) (by Shadows_of_Fire) AppleSkin (by squeek502) Architectury API (Fabric/Forge/NeoForge) (by shedaniel) Artifacts (by ochotonida) Athena (by CodexAdrian) AtomicStryker's Infernal Mobs (by atomicstrykergrumpy) AttributeFix (by DarkhaxDev) Balm (Forge Edition) (by BlayTheNinth) Beautify! (by Pandarix) Better Advancements (by way2muchnoise) Better Fishing Rods (by TrueRealCursed_Warrior) BetterF3 (by cominixo) Biomes O' Plenty (by Forstride) Blue Skies (by ModdingLegacy) Bookshelf (by DarkhaxDev) Botany Pots (by DarkhaxDev) Botany Pots Tiers (by Ultramegaaa) Botany Trees (by DarkhaxDev) Botarium (by CodexAdrian) Bow Infinity Fix (Forge/Fabric) (by Parker8283) Caelus API (Forge/NeoForge) (by TheIllusiveC4) Camera Mod (by henkelmax) Camp Chair (by dmitrylovin) Carpet Trapdoors [Forge] (by LordSebastio) Cat Jammies (by Buuz135) Cave Dweller Reimagined (by idk_someguy) Cave Dweller Sound Overhaul (by Scorchy) CC: Tweaked (by SquidDev) Chalk (by mortuusars) Charm of Undying (Fabric/Forge/Quilt) (by TheIllusiveC4) Chat Heads (by dzwdz) Chicken Chunks 1.8.+ (by covers1624) Chimes (by CicadaBluw) Chipped (by terrariumearth) Chisels & Bits - For Forge (by AlgorithmX2) Clickable advancements[Forge/Fabric] (by someaddon) Cloth Config API (Fabric/Forge/NeoForge) (by shedaniel) Clumps (by Jaredlll08) CodeChicken Lib 1.8.+ (by covers1624) Collective (by Serilum) Colorful Hearts (by Terrails) Comforts (Fabric/Forge/Quilt) (by TheIllusiveC4) Complementary Shaders - Reimagined (by EminGT) Complementary Shaders - Unbound (by EminGT) Configured (by MrCrayfish) Connected Glass (by SuperMartijn642) Construction Wand (by ThetaDev) Controlling (by Jaredlll08) Corail Tombstone (by Corail_31) Corail Woodcutter (by Corail_31) Cosmetic Armor Reworked (by LainMI) Craftable Horse Armour & Saddle [CHA&S] (by EwyBoy) Crafting on a stick (by OfekN_) Crafting Tweaks (by BlayTheNinth) CraftTweaker (by Jaredlll08) Create (by simibubi) Create Crafts & Additions (by MRHminer) Create Slice & Dice (by possible_triangle) Create: Steam 'n' Rails (by mattentosh) Creeper Overhaul (by joosh_7889) Cupboard (by someaddon) Curios API (Forge/NeoForge) (by TheIllusiveC4) Curious Lanterns (by Psilock1) Customizable Player Models (by tom54541) Customizable Player Models Simple Voice Chat compat (by tom54541) Customized Dungeon Loot (by XxRexRaptorxX) Dark Mode Everywhere (by Buuz135) Dark Paintings (by DarkhaxDev) Dark Utilities (by DarkhaxDev) Death Knell (by DarkhaxDev) Deep Aether (by TeamRazor) Deeper and Darker (by KyaniteMods) Default Options (by BlayTheNinth) Despawning Eggs Hatch (by Serilum) Ding (Forge) (by iChun) Do a Barrel Roll (by enjarai) Double Doors (by Serilum) Drip Sounds (Forge) (by PieKing1215) Duckling (by Frogipher) Dungeon Crawl (by xiroc_) Durability Tooltip (by SuperMartijn642) Dyenamics (by LobsterJonn) Dyenamics and Friends (by LobsterJonn) Easy Villagers (by henkelmax) Eating Animation [Forge] (by matyrobbrt) Eccentric Tome (by EccentricVamp) Edibles (by Serilum) EdivadLib (by 3divad99) Elytra Slot (Fabric/Forge/Quilt) (by TheIllusiveC4) Embeddium (by embeddedt) Embeddium (Rubidium) Extra (by dimadencep) Embeddium++ (by SrRapero720) Embeddium/Rubidium Dynamic Lights (by Anthxny) Emotecraft (Forge) (by KosmX) Ender IO (by crazypants_mc_the_second) EnderChests (by ShetiPhian) EnderTanks (by ShetiPhian) Energy Meter (by Relentless) Entity Culling Fabric/Forge (by tr7zw) Even More Instruments! (by StavWasPlayZ) Everything is Copper (by LobsterJonn) Ex Nihilo: Sequentia (by NovaMachina) Explorer's Compass (by Chaosyr) Explorify – Dungeons & Structures (by bebebea_loste) Extra Disks (by MelanX) Extra Trades (by CAS_ual_TY) ExtraStorage (by 3divad99) Extreme Reactors (by ZeroNoRyouki) Extreme sound muffler - (Neo)Forge (by LeoBeliik) Falling Leaves (NeoForge/Forge) (by Cheaterpaul) Farmer's Delight (by vectorwing) Farsight [Forge] (by someaddon) Fast Leaf Decay (by olafskiii) FerriteCore ((Neo)Forge) (by malte0811) FindMe (by Buuz135) Fish On The Line (by Serilum) fix GPU memory leak[Forge/Fabric] (by someaddon) FLIB (by Lothrazar) FlickerFix (by MutantGumdrop) Flower Patch (by Mrbysco) Forgified Fabric API (by Su5eD) Framework (by MrCrayfish) Fresh Animations (by FreshLX) FTB Essentials (Forge & Fabric) (by FTB) FTB Library (Forge) (by FTB) FTB Ranks (Forge) (by FTB) FTB Ultimine (Forge) (by FTB) FTB XMod Compat (by FTB) Fuel Goes Here (by LobsterJonn) Functional Storage (by Buuz135) Fusion (Connected Textures) (by SuperMartijn642) GeckoLib (by Gecko) Genshin Instruments (by StavWasPlayZ) Get It Together, Drops! (by bl4ckscor3) Glassential Renewed (by big_energy) Goblin Traders (by MrCrayfish) Golems Are Friends Not Fodder (by LobsterJonn) GroovyModLoader (GML) (by matyrobbrt) Handcrafted (by terrariumearth) Harvest with ease (by CrystalSpider) Heartstone (by plantspookable) Hexxit Gear R (by ImVeryBad) Immersive Aircraft [Fabric/Forge] (by Conczin) Immersive Engineering (by BluSunrize) Jade 🔍 (by Snownee) JEITweaker (by Jaredlll08) JourneyMap (by techbrew) JourneyMap Integration (by frankV) Jumpy Boats (by LobsterJonn) Just Another Rotten Flesh to Leather Mod (by alexdaum1) Just Enough Archaeology (by LobsterJonn) Just Enough Items (JEI) (by mezz) Just Enough Professions (JEP) (by Mrbysco) Just Enough Resources (JER) (by way2muchnoise) Just Zoom [Forge] (by Keksuccino) Kiwi 🥝 (Forge) (by Snownee) Konkrete [Forge] (by Keksuccino) Kotlin for Forge (by thedarkcolour) KubeJS (by LatvianModder) L_Ender 's Cataclysm (by mcl_ender) LaserIO (by Direwolf20) Lazurite (by Su5eD) libIPN (by mirinimi) LibX (by noeppinoeppi) Lionfish API (by mcl_ender) Lithostitched (by Apollo) Lootr (Forge & NeoForge) (by Noobanidus) Macaw's Bridges (by sketch_macaw) Macaw's Bridges - Biomes O' Plenty (by Samlegamer_) Macaw's Doors (by sketch_macaw) Macaw's Fences - Biomes O' Plenty (by Samlegamer_) Macaw's Fences and Walls (by sketch_macaw) Macaw's Furniture (by sketch_macaw) Macaw's Furnitures - Biomes O' Plenty (by Samlegamer_) Macaw's Holidays (by sketch_macaw) Macaw's Lights and Lamps (by sketch_macaw) Macaw's Paintings (by sketch_macaw) Macaw's Paths and Pavings (by sketch_macaw) Macaw's Roofs (by sketch_macaw) Macaw's Roofs - Biomes O' Plenty (by Samlegamer_) Macaw's Trapdoors (by sketch_macaw) Macaw's Windows (by sketch_macaw) Majrusz Library (by Majrusz17) Majrusz's Accessories (by Majrusz17) Measurements (by Mrbysco) Mighty Mail (Forge) (by MrCrayfish) MmmMmmMmmMmm (Target Dummy) (by MehVahdJukaar) Mob Despawn Timers (by Shadows_of_Fire) Mob Grinding Utils (by vadis365) Mod Name Tooltip (by mezz) Model Gap Fix (by MehVahdJukaar) ModernFix (by embeddedt) Modonomicon (by kli_kli) Moonlight Lib (by MehVahdJukaar) More Mob Variants (by nyuppo) More Mob Variants x Fresh Animations (by nyuppo) More Overlays Updated (by RiDGo8) More Red (by Commoble) Mouse Tweaks (by YaLTeR) MrCrayfish's Furniture Mod (by MrCrayfish) My Server Is Compatible (by focamacho) Mystical Oak Tree (by plantspookable) Name Tag Tweaks (by Serilum) Naturalist (by Starfish_Studios) Nature's Compass (by Chaosyr) Neko's Enchanted Books (by Nekomaster1000) NetherPortalFix (by BlayTheNinth) Night Lights (by joosh_7889) No Farmland Trample (by LobsterJonn) Notes (by Chaosyr) NovaCore (by NovaMachina) Nyctophobia (FORGE) (by finallion_13) Observable (by tasgon) Occultism (by kli_kli) Occultism KubeJS (by kli_kli) Oculus (by Asek3) Overloaded Armor Bar (by tfarecnim) Packet Fixer (by TonimatasDEV) Packing Tape (by gigaherz) Pam's HarvestCraft 2 - Crops (by pamharvestcraft) Pam's HarvestCraft 2 - Food Core (by pamharvestcraft) Pam's HarvestCraft 2 - Food Extended (by pamharvestcraft) Pam's HarvestCraft 2 - Trees (by pamharvestcraft) Passthrough Signs (by Girafi) Patchouli (by Vazkii) Path Under Gates (by cyberslas) Pig Pen Cipher (by DarkhaxDev) Placebo (by Shadows_of_Fire) Platforms (by ShetiPhian) playerAnimator (by KosmX) Polymorph (Fabric/Forge/Quilt) (by TheIllusiveC4) Pop! (by ModdingLegacy) Potion Blender [Fabric/Forge] (by motivational_dragon) Potions Master (by thevortexFoxTopia) ProjectE (by SinKillerJ) Radiant Gear (Fabric/Forge/Quilt) (by TheIllusiveC4) Rare Ice (Forge/Fabric) (by shedaniel) Reborn Storage (by Gigabit101) Rechiseled (by SuperMartijn642) Rechiseled: Chipped (by the_iwolfking) Rechiseled: Create (by SuperMartijn642) Refined Polymorphism (by ninety) Refined Storage (by raoulvdberge) Refined Storage Addons (by raoulvdberge) Reliquary Reincarnations (by P3pp3rF1y) Repurposed Structures (Neoforge/Forge) (by telepathicgrunt) Resourceful Config (by ThatGravyBoat) Resourceful Lib (by ThatGravyBoat) Rhino (by LatvianModder) RS Insert Export Upgrade (by Ultramegaaa) RSInfinityBooster (by hexeptiondev) Runelic (by DarkhaxDev) Searchables (by Jaredlll08) Security Craft (by Geforce132) ShetiPhianCore (by ShetiPhian) Shrink. (by Gigabit101) Silent Gear (by SilentChaos512) Silent Lib (silentlib) (by SilentChaos512) Simple Backups (by MelanX) Simple Discord Rich Presence (Forge / Fabric) (by Sunekaer) Simple Magnets (by SuperMartijn642) Simple Shops (by wolforce) Simple Voice Chat (by henkelmax) Simply Light (by Flanks255) Sit (by bl4ckscor3) Skinned Carts (by Mrbysco) Sky Structures (by TrueRealCursed_Warrior) Sky Villages [Forge] (by y4z0n) SmartBrainLib (Forge/Fabric/Quilt) (by Scimiguy) Smarter Farmers (farmers replant) (by MehVahdJukaar) Snow Under Trees (by bl4ckscor3) Snow! Real Magic! ⛄ (Forge) (by Snownee) Snowballs Freeze Mobs (by Serilum) Snuffles (by schnappdragon) Sooty Chimneys (by mortuusars) Sophisticated Backpacks (by P3pp3rF1y) Sophisticated Core (by P3pp3rF1y) Sophisticated Storage (by P3pp3rF1y) Sound Physics Remastered (by henkelmax) Structory (by botanydev) Structure Essentials[Forge/Fabric] (by someaddon) Structure Gel API (by ModdingLegacy) SuperMartijn642's Config Lib (by SuperMartijn642) SuperMartijn642's Core Lib (by SuperMartijn642) Supplementaries (by MehVahdJukaar) Supplementaries Squared (by plantspookable) Sushi Go Crafting (by Buuz135) TerraBlender (Forge) (by TheAdubbz) Terralith (by Starmute) The Aether (by TheAetherTeam) The Graveyard (FORGE/NEOFORGE) (by finallion_13) The Lost Cities (by McJty) The Twilight Forest (by Benimatic) The Undergarden (by Quek04) Time in a bottle [FORGE] (by MangoRage) Time in a bottle Curio Support (by MangoRage) Tiny Redstone (by Danny_and_Son) Titanium (by Buuz135) Toast Control (by Shadows_of_Fire) Tom's Simple Storage Mod (by tom54541) Tool Belt (by gigaherz) Torchmaster (by xalcon) Trash Cans (by SuperMartijn642) TrashSlot (by BlayTheNinth) Tumbleweed (by bconv) Twigs (by ninnih_) Universal Grid (by Ultramegaaa) Useless Sword (by Furti_Two) Utilitarian (by LobsterJonn) UtilitiX (by MelanX) Villager Names (by Serilum) Villagers Drop Emeralds on Death (by exlinegames) Void Totem (Forge) (by Affehund) Voidscape (by Tamaized) When Dungeons Arise - Forge! (by Aureljz) Wireless Chargers (by SuperMartijn642) Wither Skeleton Tweaks (by Shadows_of_Fire) Wool Tweaks (by Serilum) YUNG's API (Forge) (by YUNGNICKYOUNG) YUNG's Better Desert Temples (Forge) (by YUNGNICKYOUNG) YUNG's Better Dungeons (Forge) (by YUNGNICKYOUNG) YUNG's Better Jungle Temples (Forge) (by YUNGNICKYOUNG) YUNG's Better Mineshafts (Forge) (by YUNGNICKYOUNG) YUNG's Better Nether Fortresses (Forge) (by YUNGNICKYOUNG) YUNG's Better Ocean Monuments (Forge) (by YUNGNICKYOUNG) YUNG's Better Strongholds (Forge) (by YUNGNICKYOUNG) YUNG's Better Witch Huts (Forge) (by YUNGNICKYOUNG) YUNG's Bridges (Forge) (by YUNGNICKYOUNG) YUNG's Extras (Forge) (by YUNGNICKYOUNG) YUNG's Menu Tweaks (Forge) (by YUNGNICKYOUNG) ZeroCore 2 (by ZeroNoRyouki) 

Alright so If you're on the hunt for a natural alternative to Ozempic for weight management, Ozemra offers an interesting option. From my perspective, it's got a strong focus on boosting metabolism and controlling appetite (especially with its glucomannan and chromium), which are key for shedding pounds.
But while it sounds promising, its effectiveness can vary depending on individual factors like your diet, lifestyle, and how your body specifically reacts to its ingredients.
Overall, I’d rate it at 3.5 /5, with PhenQ beating it at 4/5, as better Ozempic alternative.
This post discusses all such potential Ozempic alternatives.
One issue is glucomannan is only at 200 mg in Ozemra, with more potent glucomannan based weight loss supplements use it in much higher quantities. Glucomannan like Berberine, is a potent appetite suppressant, Here I've listed out more glucomannan supps. worth checking out.
I have also compared Ozemra comprehensive with PhenQ and Serolean in my review.
However, none of these supplements – PhenQ, Ozemra, Serolean contain Berberine, which is recently most talked about ingredient as natural Ozempic alternative.
While PhenQ mimics berberine with the use of a strong Nopal cactus fiber, Ozemra does it with glucomannan.
If you’re sepcifically looking for best berberine for weight loss, I’d recommend a supplement by Dr. Sam Robbins - Blood Sugar Optimizer. I recommend reading this article on Berberine supplements.
Comparing Ozemra with Serolean and PhenQ, here's the lowdown: if you're someone who struggles mainly with emotional eating, binge-eating and stress-related cravings, Serolean might be more up your alley and suit you more.
It targets weight loss not just by suppressing hunger but also by improving your mood and reducing stress, increasing “serotonin levels” which can be a game-changer if these are your main stumbling blocks.
On the other hand, PhenQ could be a good fit if you're looking for an all-in-one weight loss supplement that targets weight loss from multiple angles. It not only helps with fat burning and appetite suppression like Nature’s Ozempic but also includes ingredients that help prevent fat production and improve mood and energy levels. This makes PhenQ a comprehensive solution, which might appeal to you if you want multiple benefits in one go.
In essence, Ozemra is a solid choice if you're primarily looking for a metabolic boost and appetite control without too many extras.
However, if your weight loss journey involves tackling mood fluctuations or if you need a more aggressive approach against fat accumulation, then PhenQ or Serolean might serve you better.

Intro

If you're diving into the overwhelming world of weight loss supplements, you might have stumbled upon Ozemra. This product is buzzing in forums and among fitness enthusiasts as a natural alternative to some of the heavier prescription options out there, like Ozempic.
In this post, I’ll break down everything about Ozemra—from what it is, how it claims to work, to the critical take on whether it's as good as it sounds or just another bottle on the crowded shelf.
As someone always on the lookout for effective and safe ways to manage weight, I was intrigued but skeptical. I'll walk you through my unfiltered thoughts on Ozemra and its fat-burning stages, plus a deep dive into its ingredients.
What is Ozemra?
Ozemra pitches itself as a revolutionary, non-prescription aid for weight loss, prominently highlighting its natural composition. If you are like me, wary of side effects and long ingredient lists that sound like a chemistry exam, Ozemra’s approach might initially catch your eye. It boasts a formula packed with components like glucomannan, green tea extract, and other natural ingredients known for their health benefits.
However, let's not get ahead of ourselves. Each ingredient in Ozemra is supposed to support weight loss through different mechanisms. For example, glucomannan is a dietary fiber that helps you feel full longer, potentially cutting down your calorie intake. Green tea extract is celebrated for its metabolism-boosting and antioxidant properties.
While these ingredients are impressive on paper, the real question is about their concentration and synergy in the product. Just having them listed isn't enough; they need to be in effective doses to truly work, which many supplements often skimp on to cut costs.
How Ozemra Works: The 4-Stage Fat Burning System
If you're curious about how exactly Ozemra claims to tackle weight loss, they’ve laid out a 4-stage system, each targeting a different aspect of weight management. Here’s a rundown from a user perspective:

1. Stage 1: Appetite Suppression - The journey starts with controlling your hunger. This is where the glucomannan comes into play. It absorbs water and expands in your stomach, theoretically helping you eat less. From my experience, while it does help a bit, don’t expect miracles. You’ll still need to control your eating habits actively.
2. Stage 2: Metabolism Ignition - Next up, Ozemra claims to fire up your metabolism, helping you burn more calories at rest. Ingredients like green tea extract are supposed to boost this process. However, if you are someone who already struggles with caffeine sensitivity, the added natural stimulants might feel overwhelming rather than energizing.
3. Stage 3: Lipolysis Trigger - This phase focuses on breaking down fat. Here, substances like L-carnitine come into the mix, which in theory helps transport fats into cells to be burned for energy. People may notice a slight uptick in how they feel during workouts, possibly due to this, but it won't be the drastic fat loss promised.
4. Stage 4: Optimized Energy Utilization - Finally, Ozemra aims to ensure the energy from the fat being burned is efficiently used. It’s supposed to help you feel more energetic and less sluggish, even on a calorie deficit. While there's a mild boost, it's comparable to any decent B-vitamin complex.

Each stage of this system sounds great on paper, but in practice, the effects are more subtle than you might hope. If you’re looking for a dramatic change, Ozemra’s gradual improvements might feel underwhelming.
Plus, consistency is key; these pills alone won’t work wonders without proper diet and exercise.

What Should You Try? PhenQ vs Ozemra

Choosing between PhenQ and Ozemra depends largely on your specific weight loss goals, health condition, and preference for certain types of ingredients. Here’s a guide to help you decide:
PhenQ is best for you if:

• You are looking for a comprehensive weight loss solution. PhenQ’s variety of ingredients supports multiple aspects of weight loss, from fat burning to mood enhancement.
• You struggle with fatigue while dieting. The inclusion of B-vitamins and L-Carnitine helps convert fat to energy, combating the usual tiredness associated with calorie deficits.
• You need help with sugar and carbohydrate cravings. With ingredients like Chromium Picolinate and INNOSLIM, PhenQ is designed to reduce these cravings significantly.
• You are looking for an effective natural Ozempic alternative: Although NOT a direct replacement to Ozempic, PhenQ has some weight loss benefits with it.

Potential alternatives: If PhenQ seems too intense or if you have sensitivities to caffeine, consider looking at supplements that focus more on mood support and less on stimulants, such as those containing more adaptogens or fiber.
Ozemra is best for you if:

• You prefer a straightforward approach to weight management. Ozemra focuses on metabolism and appetite control without too many additional effects.
• You are sensitive to stronger stimulant effects. Even though Ozemra contains stimulants, it might be less intense than PhenQ due to the different formulations and concentrations.
• You are primarily concerned with metabolic enhancement. Ozemra's ingredients like caffeine and L-Carnitine are great for boosting metabolic rate.

Potential alternatives: If you find Ozemra too mild or are looking for something that also supports gut health or has anti-inflammatory properties, consider supplements that include probiotics or omega-3 fatty acids.
Both PhenQ and Ozemra offer unique benefits, so consider your personal health profile and weight loss goals carefully before choosing.

How I evaluate Ozemra?

Blood Sugar Regulation: 3/5 If you are looking for a natural supplement to help manage your blood sugar levels, Ozemra has some notable ingredients. The combination of chromium picolinate and chromium nicotinate glycinate in Ozemra is impressive, as chromium is known to enhance insulin sensitivity, which can stabilize blood sugar levels. However, I would say it doesn’t fully mimic the comprehensive glucose management effects of Ozempic. It provides a moderate benefit, suitable for mild cases or as a supplementary measure alongside a balanced diet.
Appetite Modulation: 3.5/5 When it comes to suppressing appetite, Ozemra is pretty promising. Ingredients like glucomannan and the dietary fiber from ingredients like cayenne pepper can help fill you up and decrease overall appetite. This mimics one of Ozempic's benefits, making it a decent natural alternative if you're looking to curb those hunger pangs effectively.
Metabolic Enhancement: 3/5 Ozemra includes ingredients like L-Carnitine and a significant amount of caffeine from the Phenterex Caffeine Anhydrous Complex, which can stimulate your metabolism. These ingredients are effective for boosting metabolic rate to some extent, but the effect may not be as significant as Ozempic’s indirect influence on metabolism through glucose management. Therefore, if enhancing metabolism is your main goal, Ozemra provides moderate support.
Energy Optimization: 4/5 If boosting your energy levels is crucial for your weight loss journey, Ozemra could be a beneficial supplement. The high levels of Vitamin B12 and the stimulating effects of caffeine anhydrous contribute significantly to energy optimization, helping increase physical activity and vitality. This aspect of Ozemra is quite effective, making it a good natural alternative to support energy levels, though with a more temporary effect compared to the sustained energy regulation one might see with Ozempic.
Weight Management Support: 3.5/5 When you're looking for a supplement that supports sustainable weight loss, Ozemra seems quite capable. The presence of L-Carnitine helps with fat metabolism, essentially aiding the body in burning fat for energy, and cayenne pepper can enhance fat oxidation. These ingredients, combined with the appetite-suppressing effects, make Ozemra a solid choice for those aiming to manage their weight naturally. However, it may not be as powerful as Ozempic, which has a more direct effect on weight loss through its influence on insulin.

Q: Do UFOs exist?

A: Yes. The way humanity interprets the word 'fact' is for the observation to be independently verified by a community which often includes evidence and supporting material. For UFOs, multiple governments, agencies such as NASA and key scientist/astronaut/military personnel have independently affirmed the existence of UFOs. Famously multiple presidents of the US have been quoted to acknowledge them as well.
Note: Be wary, as with enough scrutiny almost any claim can be reduced and dissected to the point where almost any 'fact' can be questioned, UFOs are no different. Using the term 'fact' in a society of subjective sentient beings is a logical slippery slope. But we can certainly say, as far as the word and loose interpretation of the word 'fact' goes, it is a fact that UFO's exist.

Q: Do aliens exist?

A: Almost certainly, the majority of the scientific community agrees it would be astronomically unlikely for terrestrial life to exist in isolation. Despite significant observations of life living in seemingly impossible inhospitable environments on earth, critics rightfully question "if life is abundant, why have we not seen it yet".

Q: Are the UFOs we see due to alien visitation?

A: The strategy to answer questions which don't have scientific consensus is to logically consider it with the information we do have, making the fewest assumptions with the available facts. As with the case of the visitation hypothesis, we can consider many angles and reach a logically sound position.
Most of you know that out of a sample of 100 reported sightings, only a handful are truly anomalous, the vast majority being misreported as known origin. Of the handful left we can say these are anomalous genuine UAPs. Of these, we must first consider the least assumptions and first look to whether they are anomalous in nature, but human in origin.
Before we can do that we need to briefly discuss the credibility of witness testimony. Society places a significant credibility with witness testimony. People's lives can be judged based on the testimony of a witness, such as in the case of a murder trial. Indeed the vast majority of our entire scientific understanding is based on experimental data and whilst such data is often from instruments and computers there is often a human element. Ultimately a human witnesses the experiment and records the measurements and readings. Many things can affect the credibility of a witness testimony and of particular significance are independent witnesses reporting the same observation. As is the case with the scientific methodology and 'reproduced experiments'.
To Ufologists, a large component of lore and supplementary evidence to the existence of UAPs is built on witness testimony. We should consider events such as Rendlesham Forest where a sighting was reported by multiple expert, trained military personnel who are specifically trained in identifying even advanced aircraft and weather phenomena. A report based on multiple trained, sane personnel with consistent observations to the description of a UAP sighting is what we would call a water tight witness testimony. Such a testimony would be ruled true in any court for a petty crime or murder scandal for example.
However, on the topic of "NHI" our sample size of witness testimony is lower than the case for UAPs. The cases of multiple, credible witnesses coming forward with testimony for the case of NHI are less and I struggle to think of a good example. (Please drop any in the comments).
However, in the case of supposed NHI visitations we do have a colourful array of high ranking officials and representatives of military or government who have disclosed personally that they knew of NHI visitations.

• Robert Dean
• Paul Hellyer

In these cases the credibility is more individually focused on the trustworthiness of the person rather than a coherent multiple sighting event. We must consider such testimony carefully for there are many logical explanations for such testimony being false.
For example, David Grusch is a high profile contemporary whistle-blower who has claimed the existence of NHI. Using purely logic and removing any emotional or subjective intuition we can consider at least one likely explanation for his testimony. It's very possible that Grusch is operating as per a larger more convoluted Psy-Ops on behalf of the government. We know he is a very diligent patriot with a pristine record and presents as the perfect soldier to take one for the team and blow his career and personal circumstances to lie under oath and rattle off something he's been asked to say for some greater agenda to serve his country. Such agendas we can only speculate on, but domestic manipulation of the public as well as cold-war game theory plays against adversary countries such as China. Obviously such a hypothesis is fantastical and imaginative. But so is the NHI visitation hypothesis and a global conspiracy. For those versed in the US's history of Psy-ops, particularly in the case of the CIA and NSA - such an operation involving Grusch as a false agent is absolutely consistent with some of their previous endeavours.
Disclaimer: I am not disproving Grusch, my personal opinion is he is likely telling the truth. But I am allowed my personal opinion and my personal opinion is you cannot guarantee his legitimacy without the application of some element of faith. I have always been extremely careful whenever faith is introduced to objective deductions. I hope we all are. I don't operate with beliefs so I can't answer whether I believe in Grusch or not. But I can consider both sides as a matter of consistent statistical likelihood and it's much healthier for me to assume both possibilities going forward rather than feeling the very precarious and human desire to conclude. Again I hope this is something that is common practice amongst my peers.
So answering the question of NHI having operated the UAPs we know to exist is ongoing. So far we have explored the very likely idea that life exists outside the earth. We have also considered witness testimony and found that whilst witness testimony is credible in many scenarios, it's particularly problematic to be relied on in this case. Of course Grusch is not the only one who's claimed NHI visitations but our analysis on him is applicable to others.
There is good hope for the Alien hypothesis, but first more bad news. If we believe Grusch and similar witness testimony (in Grusch's case he's not a direct witness). We must also consider that these same witnesses also claim a US government UAP project. Depending on the witnesses and whistle-blower testimony, we either have a reverse engineering capacity of UAPs to even a downright working production of UAPs ourselves. So when we consider the handful of genuine anomalous sightings for every 100 reports, when we apply further statistical analysis, we now need to account for the likelihood such sighting (especially near air force bases or military facilities) may just be human operating UAP experiments.
Obviously we have a paradox "you can't refute the NHI origin hypothesis by saying they're humans, if humans only have the technology because we reverse engineered it" and that is true so let's be clear. Using statistics and logic we may say that a truly anomalous sighting may be humans operating craft. But we may also say that craft may have been inspired by a NHI origin.
So far the answer is skewed slightly towards the likelihood of the NHI hypothesis to be false. However there is a very compelling element to the facts that critics of the NHI hypothesis struggle with.
We have a very clear and comprehensive record of UAPs in history which predates a reasonable likelihood of us having the technology at that time. Obviously the endeavours of the ancient astronaut hypothesis is colourful, fantastical and well refuted. But amongst the popularly scrutinized theory there are strong elements of logical significance. Almost all religions and teachings of native indigenous people overwhelming talk of people coming from the sky in craft, appearing different in their looks, possessing knowledge and technology and interacting with early humans. Such stories are controversial of course but enough of them exist to merit consideration.
But much more relevant to us in this argument is the existence of the Project Bluebook and the incidents which inspired its necessity. For those that aren't aware it's common knowledge to Ufologists as the allied investigations into apparently very common UAP reports known as foo fighters observed by pilots during the word war.
Our logic tells us that if any global human power at the time had that capability we would have used it. The reason for that is because as soon as we had the atomic bomb capability we used that. It's absurd to assume that a human government was responsible for the UAPs in the bluebook but didn't use them, but would use an atom bomb. It's absurd but we must remember, history is littered with absurd events that did happen. So we don't rule it out, but it more or less provides a significant and compelling argument to the NHI hypothesis for UAPs. In simple terms, they existed before we could have created them. We deduce that, because if we had UAP tech we would have used it before needing to rely on atom bombs.
Ultimately if you want an answer it has two parts; a pragmatic answer and then a severe personal caveat.
Part one: Pragmatism

For any truly anomalous sighting, it very well may be of human origin dabbling in potential NHI tech. It also may be of NHI origin. We don't have clear enough evidence to know. Whilst US military officials claim they don't have the tech or that their adversaries don't, belief of that position requires faith as they do not provide a logical argument for their hypothesis. But if we look back at the sightings throughout history it becomes more and more likely the sightings were of NHI origin.

Part two: Caveat

My personal caveat is that some FAQ's shouldn't have conclusive answers. Our scientific method which underpins our most prestigious and rigorous institution of science in the world; does not always conclude. Sometimes a question has multiple likely answers and it will take more information to reduce those to one answer. I emphatically preach this is an attitude we employ as Ufologists as ultimately we are a community of speculators and researchers. So let's leave faith at the door.

Q: Why can supposed advanced beings master interdimensional/intergalactic space traversal but then crash land on earth like amateurs?

A: This question usually has a very loaded and dangerous assumption which I don't think we can make without careful consideration. The question implies that UFOs crash landing is as problematic to NHI as it would be to us. If a military pilot crashes a plane, they may die and as an asset they are worth hundreds of millions to the government, big loss. Additionally the plane they used is extremely expensive too and may have trade secrets. For us, a pilot crash landing is a huge net loss in life and assets. When we consider the idea of UAP crash landing we are applying our human bias on them.
Firstly, the UAP may be being operated by AI, biological artificial intelligence, pilotless etc. Even if there's a biologic body inside it's very possible the actual sentient pilot was operating the body remotely the same way we operate robots remotely. The biological body left behind may be like a robot we left on the moon which we used remotely to navigate the lunar landscape. Our operators don't die if the robot is broken.
Additionally, the craft itself is likely not a multi billion dollar craft. It's probably extremely cheaply made with the avenue of advanced technology. The 4chan whistle-blower (whether you believe them or not) introduced a logically sound idea that a craft was in the sea making purpose built UAPs all the time and sending them on missions. The "mother craft" just mines the materials it needs from our sea floor and pops out a UAP, it's probably entirely automated.
Little fiction here but it paints a story which is good to consider. Imagine a un manned probe lands in the sea after having identified using photo spectrometry that our planet has certain elements. It lands and the AI finds a spot in the sea away from detention and starts mining for a probe craft. It mines and creates a probe craft. The probe craft goes out and does some recon and then either makes new craft for whatever but eventually instigates a protocol which fires up the organic biological 'pilots' which are either artificial purpose built intelligence or biological vehicles operated by remote consciousness which a sentient life form will operate from afar. Then these guys go and crash whether it's a magnetic anomaly or something else and the NHI doesn't really care and are hardly inconvenienced.
It's possible to encapsulate or hide or lock the main functions of their technology upon crashing in the same way that our advanced technology may self destruct if crash landed in a foreign land. There's also speculation that some secret key is needed to operate them.
That is all fiction, but it paints a compelling alternative to us just projecting our bias on the crash hypothesis.
Remember, to a civilization that in theory has automated its outreach reconnaissance, the most pristine system design for their drones and vehicles isn't to somehow guarantee 100% crash proof technology. But instead it's to assume crashes will happen and make sure they're not damaging nor give away their tech too much.

Q: Can we simulate or 'fake' UFO's in the sky?

A: Yes to an extent. Using lasers we have technology to create lights that can move. However radar is another matter.

Q: Why haven't we had material evidence of UAP's released to the public?

A: Grusch has kind of answered this by saying that destabilisation factors are too great.
And for those interested, this post comprehensively considers this angle and attempts to explain in layman terms why disclosure is so complicated for a government and what those reasons mean.

Q: Is there an alternative to official disclosure and catastrophic disclosure?

A: Yes, I believe there's a route forward that a community such as this one can start making progress on. With the introduction to a pragmatic disclosure which has a simple goal; remove the 'valid' reasons that disclosure is being hidden and it will no longer be hidden.

Intro

It’s not much of a stretch to say that violence is the primary form of interaction in video games. With a handful of exceptions, most video games involve guys whacking other guys, with varying degrees of brutality. Even chill games fall into this - Stardew Valley has sections with combat in them! Considering the pervasiveness of violence in video games, there has been a ton of amateur and academic commentary on the topic. However, while this is a well-established school of thought, I haven’t seen people try to apply this to Fire Emblem specifically.
So, let’s do that now! In this post, I’ll be exploring how violence in Fire Emblem is implemented - what limitations are placed on violence, how it warps wider game and narrative design, and what it implicitly says and does not say. I hope this post doesn’t come off as too early-2010s “makes you think”-y, but I do think there are multiple interesting things worth talking about here!
Despite the length of this post, "a brief discussion" is an appropriate title, as we won't be able to go into depth on everything. After all, video games are holistic works, so the attitude towards violence is relevant to every aspect of their design. However, I have managed to wrangle some of these threads into the following structure: first a discussion on the fundamental mode of interaction in Fire Emblem, then how stories are constructed with regards to violence, and ending with the aesthetics of violence and how they relate to characters. Also, as FE is a huge series, be aware that I am gonna be making some broad statements which may not apply to each individual plot point of every game. I actually planned to write 3 case studies around Thracia 776, Fates, and Three Houses (which have the most interesting attitudes to violence in the series IMO) which point out these deviations, but this post is way too long and full of tangents already. If people are interested, I’ll make a followup to this post which goes into them in more detail. Also also, because of the nature of this post, I’ll actually give a useful TL;DR for once:
TL;DR: Nintendo games must be fun mechanically, and they can’t be too uncomfortable narratively. If you try to provide a counterpoint by saying “oh this Kirby final boss is super dark it eats 100 morbillion galaxies”, you do not deserve rights. IntSys has to keep to this as a 2nd party publisher, but they also have to deal with the fact that their games are at least nominally about ‘war’ (or at least they put their toes into that particular thematic pool). This conflict between making a fun video game for children/teens and the wider framing of the narrative leads to interesting narrative and aesthetic tensions. also fun is cringe, misery is based

“Do you like hurting other people?” (or The Fundamental Mode of Interaction)

OK LISTEN I KNOW I LITERALLY JUST SAID THAT I DIDN’T WANT TO COME ACROSS AS A EARLY 2010s “VIOLENCE IN VIDYA BAD :O????” PERSON BUT I SWEAR I’M GOING SOMEWHERE WITH THIS
The best place to start when talking about violence in video games is to think about the primary form of interaction in said game. In the case of Fire Emblem, this is in the in-chapter gameplay. Sure, in objective terms the player moves arbitrary objects across a 2D grid which perform subtraction on arbitrary objects controlled by the computer, but this is always framed as controlling a squad of soldiers to engage in (typically lethal) combat with enemies (who are normally also soldiers). When you’re not doing this in-chapter gameplay, you are preparing for the next chapter of combat. This involves surveying the area of combat, preparing weapon loadouts, etc, however more recent entries also include light life-sim-esque elements. To summarize, Fire Emblem’s interactivity involves ordering violence as well as the preparations to order said violence.
For players, this strategic thinking is extremely fun and is the primary draw of the series! You have all these tier lists of who’s better at killing, discussion of the maps where you do the killing, complaints about the length of gameplay sections where you don’t do killing, etc. This is by design, as while I don’t know the core brand tenets of Nintendo, I imagine the Reggie quote “If it isn’t fun, why bother?” is carved into a solid gold statue of Mario in the office lobby. This then is enforced on all associated studios, including IntSys and so Fire Emblem. While I would disagree with that Reggie quote (especially the bit where he says “If it’s not a battle, where’s the fun?” which is a wild statement to make about an entire medium), this approach to making games is ultimately fine, and so IntSys tailored the strategic gameplay to be satisfying to your dopamine receptors. You could analyse what the normalisation of violence even in ‘just for fun’ games says about wider gaming culture, but I won’t get into that here. In any case, let’s dig into a few specifics of FE’s interactivity.
One thing that’s interesting with regard to strategy games is the detached perspective of the player. You order units and observe the resulting violence, but it’s not tactile, you don’t directly swing the sword or shoot the bow or cast the spell like with action games. This adds a layer of separation between the player and what fundamentally happens, at least within the framing that the game provides. It’s not like Call of Duty, where your relationship to the violence is very visceral, where you view everything down the barrel of a gun. OK, I probably shouldn’t use a series that I have very little personal experience with (I only listen to the supplementary lore material, so let’s talk about Sekiro: Shadows Die Twice. While you’re not directly in the driver’s seat, John Sekiro reacts to your every input with extreme responsiveness, so overcoming the game’s challenges i.e. stabbing people is incredibly visceral and satisfying. While this violence is fantastical in nature, there is sufficient blood and explicit sword-action to clearly say “oh yeah you are violently killing all of those bozos with a katana”. Coming back to FE, not only are you far more detached from the violence, it is presented in an extremely cartoony manner… but let’s not get ahead of ourselves here, we’ll get to the aesthetics later. Point is, Fire Emblem gives the viewpoint of a stoic commander, who Does What Needs To Be Done™, and not the viewpoint of an actual soldier who has to do the actual killing.
Now let’s view the player’s perspective on violence from a different angle. Fire Emblem intends for its combat to be relatively relaxed on the player side of things - the turn-based nature allows the player to calmly think through all of their moves, and you typically have perfect information on the enemies. The only exceptions to this are Fog of WaSame Turn Reinforcements, which are rare and typically unpopular amongst the fanbase. This leans into ‘combat as sport’, where (going back to the Reggie quote) you have a fun time picking apart a puzzle with the tools you have, and we all collectively enjoy this! This is a valid way of designing strategy games, and I like what IntSys has done. However, it’s not the only way of making these games - for example, in Total War you have to juggle all your battalions in real time whilst the enemy is bearing down on you, and the XCOM games always have Fog of War and limited information on the enemies, with you never knowing what kind of awful new monster is going to suddenly charge at you. Don’t get me wrong, neither of these follow ‘combat as war’, the principle that violence should properly mimic the stress, tension and unfairness of actual conflict. Hell, neither of them are particularly mature either - Total War is the strategy game equivalent of smashing action figures together, and XCOM emulates a pulp sci-fi alien invasion story. However, the additional pressures these games have make them hew slightly closer to actual conflict, putting you more in that mindset in a way that the clean fun Fire Emblem doesn’t really do. Again, I want to say FE’s approach to violence in in-map gameplay is fine, but when all three of these franchises have an explicit narrative framing of ‘warfare’, it does make Fire Emblem’s narrative a little more… stretched.
Finally, I want to briefly mention the maps. To steal from a brilliant Jacob Geller video, these are Worlds Designed For Violence. At least outside of the Kaga games, the maps you fight on are primarily designed around how the player interacts with them, i.e. fights on them. While I imagine the narrative designers and artists at IntSys are involved throughout the map design process, the gameplay flow probably takes precedence most of the time. Maps are not designed to resemble realistic places that you have to fight through, they are instead designed primarily to provide fun gameplay experiences before being dressed up by the artists to look realistic/fit the specific story beat. This is a more consistently entertaining approach to map design - heaven knows we have a lot of Kaga castle assault maps which are as fun as actually assaulting an entrenched position IRL - but this lack of friction could potentially take the bite out of the intended vibe, neuter any commentary on violence throughout the story.
You may have noticed that we’ve only talked about the “in-map” gameplay for now, when there’s an entire second half of these games, i.e. all the gameplay between the maps. Don’t worry, we’ll get to all of that, but this may fit better in:

Something something “ludonarrative” something something (or Narrative Implications)

(To clarify, here I’m going to talk about the wider plots and narrative structure as opposed to characterisation, as that fits more into the aesthetics of the series)
It’s not bold to say that the narratives of games have to warp around the core gameplay structure. Especially in AAA video game production, the narrative designers usually have to take a back seat to the systems and level designers, at least outside of the initial rough outline they provide in the original game pitch. In this case, the job of the writer is to form vaguely coherent connective tissue between individual levels, setpieces and expensive pre-rendered cutscenes. This must be a very difficult job, and is probably the reason why most video game stories are the way they are. I am not privy to IntSys internal meetings, but I imagine they abide by this paradigm, trying to give a reason for why you fight 20 battles which roughly align with plot beats that were decided years ago.
Put another way, the writers of Fire Emblem must contrive a reason why the characters fight a vast number of violent battles in a strategic manner. This has a pretty easy solution - war! We have found something it’s good for, as whenever the gameplay designers decide that an extra map is required, the writers can just insert “oh no there’s a blockade of enemy soldiers in the way, guess you gotta kill them all”. This is the case for almost all the games and is a fair enough narrative choice, as it’s frankly one of the few scenarios where you could reasonably contrive so many battles, but it’s worth examining this in a bit more detail.
Even in the framing of warfare, there are still a lot of skirmishes, which sometimes the narrative or tone fails to support - or at least, their presence means that violence isn’t taken that seriously. Let’s take an example from early in Awakening: Emmeryn sends the Shepherds to negotiate an alliance with Regna Ferox. On the way, they are ambushed by Risen on the Northroad (1), have to fight the border guards who think Chrom is a bandit I think??? (2), and then after arriving they need to take part in Regna Ferox’s ritual combat to secure their alliance (3). These beats aren’t necessarily bad, and I actually think Awakening uses these opportunities quite well: the Risen are established as a constant threat to the world (except not really in the main story but that’s a whole other thing), “Marth'' gets more development, we set up Regna Ferox as fighty people who like to fight, and while the middle encounter is very tenuous it does set up a funny joke in Cynthia’s paralogue. However, I want to communicate that if the map/encounter designers need X maps between plot points A and B - in this case, needing low-stakes trials in the tutorial period - then there’s gonna be a fair bit of narrative filler. That is to say, there must be multiple combat encounters that kinda just happen, which makes violence a lot more casual in the narrative. See also the myriad examples of “oh shit random bandits attack!”, used to have a lower stakes map, with bandits appearing and vanishing as needed. This works fine enough in the context of ‘combat as sport’, allowing your favourite scrunglo to build up a triple-digit body count, but this casual attitude circumvents potentially interesting ideas with regards violence. Taking the example further, banditry and its causes are never seriously explored, as bandits are just treated as a filler enemy (except in Based As Hell Thracia 776).
Another narrative consequence of needing so many fights is that… you need to fight. That is to say, any anti-war sentiment or appeal to diplomacy in the series is fundamentally undercut by a) strategic combat being a core appeal of the series and b) narrative beats needing to be structured around fighting enemies. It’s a struggle to have moments of diplomacy and reconciliation when you had a fight within 3 minutes of said moment, lest some people start screaming that things are getting boring. This also makes any appeals to pacifism kinda moot. Xander’s quote about “war bad” in Conquest is utter bullshit, as a huge part of the marketing around that route focuses on the coolness of the tactical combat and its challenge. Eirika and Ephraim can never be equal, because Ephraim’s “fighting is fucken awesome” is encouraged by the gameplay, and Eirika can NEVER save 11037 because we need a final boss and no-one else fits the bill.
Speaking of, in video games it’s best practice to have a big bad guy you fight at the end of the story, the toughest mechanical challenge coinciding with the narrative climax. In Fire Emblem, you have one grand final battle which decides the fate of the war and/or world, before cutting to a brief wrap-up and then credits. This is an attempt to make these games satisfying, which is fine, but this is at odds with an anti-war message (which FE often gestures towards) - that is, actual wars tend to be deeply unsatisfying in a narrative sense! Oftentimes, after a decisive battle, things just kinda keep going for a little while afterwards with casualties continuing to pile up until peace terms are agreed. In the few cases where there is a final battle, it’s more of a formality as the decisive moment occurred months ago. See World War 1 and… World War 2 for examples of each, not to mention a whole host of war-related books and films. The problem with doing this in a video game is that it would require having multiple one-sided fights past the most climatic fight, which would be unfun, and we return to that fucking Reggie quote again. While video games can effectively explore this anti-war narrative space - This War of Mine is a fantastic example - it just doesn’t gel with the fun games that IntSys wants to make. I bring this up in the context of FE because Fire Emblem has such an aesthetic focus on warfare compared to other video games, so it sticks out even further. Even in FE6/FE9 where the war is effectively over in the final few maps, the enemies still remain extremely challenging, because if they didn’t things would be boring.
A few minor things that didn’t fit in above before we wrap up this section. First of all, in making an action packed story, Fire Emblem neglects an important aspect of army life in warfare - the “hurrying up and waiting”. In the majority of cases, the breaks between fights is under 10 minutes, it’s just glossed over. Fire Emblem Three Houses is the exception to this, but there it’s more framed as school life. Some people may say “what’s the point in having large amounts of timewasting where nothing happens in my game about war” and to that I would say fuck you, I want to play Jarhead Emblem. Next, Fire Emblem involves fighting people AND monsters, but these targets are typically given equal narrative weight, outside of maybe a funny line of dialogue about someone being afraid of monsters. In 99% of cases, enemy soldiers you fight have no more humanity than literal monsters. The death of any of your beloved soldiers is a tragedy with big sad death quotes, the death of those poor fuckers is quite literally a statistic which is proudly used to rank how well your guys have done at the end of the game. Finally, the limited scope of the violence the series can show limits the potential impact of scenes. In some cases, this is good as the implication is enough, e.g. the ‘Monica’ scene in Sacred Stones is wonderfully grim and would be weakened by anything explicit. However, a number of other scenes are neutered by the limitations on violence. This fundamentally relates to the aesthetics of the series:

insert prozd tweet/skit here (or Aesthetics, Tone, and Characters)

I’ve been talking a lot about ‘the violence committed’, and this might have seemed a bit weird to you. It’s a true statement, but because the violence is mostly cartoony and abstracted - bad guys disappear into nothingness, there’s no blood, etc - it’s hard to think of it in that way. It’s basically impossible to place Fire Emblem in the same artistic sphere as, say, All Quiet on the Western Front. This aesthetic sense was partially tech-limited in the early NES and SNES games, which was grandfathered into the more graphically complex titles, but it’s also related to how the aesthetics unavoidably warp the tone of the work. IntSys needs their games to be relatively lighthearted and unconcerned with the consequences of its violence, as one of the core appeals of these games is the charming cast of characters. As you would expect, it would be a lot harder to appreciate your goofy blorbos and their lighthearted chats about nothing if you could see the brutal consequences of their triple digit body counts. If violence was more realistic, there would be a lot less “ooh I like training and/or this one hyperspecific food” or “I like peace, but I guess violence may be possibly needed sometimes” and there would have to be a lot more trauma and dourness. There are also age rating concerns, as you can’t exactly sell Come And See Emblem to pre-teens. And once more, to clarify: Fire Emblem as it exists now is fine! I like the lighthearted tone of this series, and I like the characters that reside within it. However, a few problems do arise from IntSys’s approach to violence, as occasionally they brush up against darker ideas but (due to similar reasons to the above) they can never commit to them, which neuters their potential impact. This is especially troublesome with regards to characterisation, as the little dudes are a core appeal, so if something is off that could cause problems. In a sense, at points we have severe aesthetic tension.
A fairly useful case study to see how this affects characterisation is with Mozu in Fire Emblem Fates. Mozu is a charming character, a genial country bumpkin with a bit of an edge at times, who has fond memories of her hometown. This lines up with the lighthearted tone of her recruitment paralogue, where (checks notes) her entire village gets massacred by inhuman monsters, with her mother literally being murdered right in front of her, and she joins up with Corrin’s party because there is literally nothing left of her old life. I understand that people who experience extreme trauma do still manage to live meaningful lives, and that IntSys wouldn’t want to have a character who is a barely functional traumatised mess for 90% of the campaign. However, this doesn’t explain the sheer dissonance between the relatively normal and well-adjusted Mozu who quietly remembers her lost loved ones, and the fact that her village got My Lai’d a handful of weeks ago in the game’s timeline. IMO this would work a lot better if there were a few survivors (instead of literally everyone else dying), with Mozu actively choosing to leave her old life to help others instead of being forced to leave by circumstance. This reduction in scope would mitigate the dissonance between the character and what actually happens to her. This is by far the most extreme example in the series, however I’m sure you can think of others. My issue here is not with having ‘normal’ characters, or with them suffering tragedies, my issue is the dissonance between the two when viewing the scope of said tragedies. This is just one way the series wants to get into darker territory, then swiftly backing off instead of delving into the consequences.
This aesthetic restriction also affects the potential impact of dramatic scenes in the main story, limiting what the focus of these scenes can actually be. This little bit will involve heavy spoilers for Genealogy of the Holy War and Spec Ops: The Line (I KNOW THESE GAMES ARE VERY DIFFERENT WITH VERY DIFFERENT INTENDED DEMOGRAPHICS IN VERY DIFFERENT CULTURAL CONTEXTS, SHUT UP). Both have a very important narrative moment around their midpoints, involving fire magic/white phosphorus respectively. In each game, the deaths that occur are utterly horrific when you think about them. In FE4 the focus is on the drama of the plot twist and effects on the characters, with the actual effects of the violence being left to implication. We don’t know if this was the original intent of Kaga and the team, or if this was enforced by various tech- and publisher-related restrictions, but in either case we do not see anything explicit. In any case, in Spec Ops: The Line, the horror and graphic nature of the violence is completely inescapable, and therefore forms the core of the turning point of the story. The specifics of the violence itself are crucial - the game does not work if you don’t see the consequences of the white phosphorus - and it leads beautifully to the complete descent of its endgame. You may be saying “of course you couldn’t show that violence in FE, it’s a kids game” which is true, and in any case the scene in Genealogy is very good, even without showing the violence. I imagine if we get a remake in the year 202X we wouldn’t see anything explicit anyway, partially due to the publisher but also because the scene doesn’t necessarily need it. The point I am trying to make is that the aesthetics form a limitation on what Fire Emblem can explore, narrative space that the series fundamentally cannot reach.
One more thing, and this isn’t really about the games themselves but the impressions leading into them, and how the aesthetics can affect that. Do you guys remember when the intro cutscene of Three Houses was released a few weeks before release? I do, and I also remember the collective shock of the community when seeing the early previews. It was so drastically different to everything that had come before, and consequently was really intriguing - you can see a lot of speculation in the above comments. To clarify, I don’t want to pretend that 3H is some kind of super mature ultra gritty war story, or that blood = good game, but that beginning cutscene gave one hell of a first impression. Even though the game isn’t that much darker than any other FE game, the sheer unexpectedness put people off-kilter in a kinda awesome way. Does the game actually deliver? YMMV, but I think this (and some of the later cutscenes, such as the mid-game Dimitri one) work quite well. Sometimes, a little injection of harsher violence can go a long way.

Conclusion

Frankly I don’t really have a conclusion, sorry. As you can see, there are so many disparate strands, I can’t possibly make one grand thesis statement. Maybe the inherent contradictions of having warfare in a family friendly video game weakens the potential end result? I guess, but I don’t want to imply that what we have now is bad, as it is pretty good tbh. So, uhh…
…
OK, if I had to say something, it’s more about the process of making this. Having to try and think about how violence intersects with a video game you like takes you in a number of different directions. Ultimately, this process was really fulfilling for me, and I would recommend that you do the same (for FE or anything else)! Trying to analyse something you enjoy from a perspective not usually applied is pretty neat. If you guys have any thoughts (on the points above or your own), I’d be very interested to hear them!
Also, if people are interested, I’ll try to make a few case studies. I would focus on Thracia 776, Fates, and Three Houses, as (when thinking on this topic) I found that these games were consistently the most intriguing, with the most interesting relationships to violence. This would probably take a while though, as I am gonna be very busy in June, and I probably won’t have time this month either.

Disclaimer: This post is merely to provide knowledge, and not to instruct you to do anything. Your choice whether to choose the Science One program at UBC or not is completely up to you. I hope this helps in making an informed decision.
I just thought I would contribute to the existing public knowledge of the Science One program already on Reddit here: https://www.reddit.com/UBC/comments/ec95t4/for_anyone_interested_in_science_one/ My post assumes you already did basic research on the program and aims to contribute more knowledge that isn’t publicly available yet (here is the Science One website: https://scienceone.ubc.ca)
I am an alumni in the 2023-2024 cohort, but just a disclaimer that a few things will change in the program in the years to come (see below):
Just a few small updates to the previous Reddit post:

• BIOL 140 is no longer a mandatory component of Science One so there will be no associated biology labs.
• There are three STT’s, where you can find here for the updated schedules for your year: https://scienceone.ubc.ca/resources

Note about grades: While Science One is promoted as a program where the students care more about knowledge than grades, while this is very true in my personal experience, I still think that grades played a large impact on our mental health, confidence, and our overall enjoyability of the first year experience. The reason I am including grades here is to allow you to have reasonable expectations about your grades and know that if you want to go into a very competitive specialization in second year, Science One may not be the right program for you. Note that the grades published on UBC grades (https://ubcgrades.com) is not representative of the actual class average. There is a policy where if a student failed two or more subjects in Science One, the credit for Science One will be broken down into its individual course components and the student will not appear to have been in Science One (it doesn’t show Science One on their transcript, rather the rough course equivalents). This raises the apparent class average reported. In my year, 3 people were removed, which changed the class average from 75% to 77%.
Alright, with that out of the way, I will be filling in the gaps of public knowledge specifically with the workload of Science One. Below is a (hopefully) unbiased perspective on Science One. My personal opinion will be stated later in this post.
Biology
Note: both of our biology professors (Pam Kalas and George Haughn) are no longer teaching in the program, so this subject may look very different

• Weekly 10 minute quizzes (quiz average 15% of biology grade), consisting normally of two to three written questions (be sure to learn to type very fast and think fast, especially since these quizzes are normally at 8:30am in the morning)
  • However, we get one quiz drop per term where our lowest quiz mark is discarded
  • Generally the quiz average is around 74%
• Biology Midterm “superquiz” once a term (20% of biology grade, can replace quiz average if the mark is higher so can be worth up to 35%) which is around 55 minutes and consists of around 10 long written questions (however, this is very little time for the amount of thinking and typing necessary to succeed so learn to type fast!)
  • Average was around 74% and 60% respectively for terms 1 and 2
• Biology assignments for completion/participation (10%) around once every 1-2 weeks ~ somewhat simple compared to the complexity of the quizzes and midterm, takes around 15-20 minutes per assignment
• Pre-readings per week around 2 hours, critical to understanding the class material
  • Pre-readings are found in study guides provided to us or on public webpages, there is no textbook for biology
• One tree project in term 1 where you are tasked with finding and identifying five different tree species around campus
• 2.5 hour final exam (50%), however, if you do better on your final exam than midterm average, it can replace the midterm average (so can be worth up to 85% of your grade)
  • Consists of written answers with explanations (I found this final to always be very rushed, finishing writing my answers with around 1 minute to spare)
  • Typically, since the final exams are so difficult, very few people will be able to get a higher mark on the final exam than the midterm
  • Average was 65% in term 1, term 2 grades not available

Overall: 3-10 hours of work per week depending on your thinking speed and how busy that week’s schedule is
Class average over the year: 71%
Term 1 Units: Great Bear Rainforest, Metabolism, DNA, Gene Expression, Genetics
Term 2 Units: Genetics (Continued); Phylogenies, Speciation, Population and Community Dynamics; Macromolecular Self Assembly; Regulation of Gene Expression; Biological Energy Transformation
Biology Tutorials

• Salmon project ~ year long project where we test the DNA of salmon through learning gel electrophoresis strategies
  • Very minimal prep work, maximum 30 min per tutorial

Chemistry
Note: One professor is no longer teaching in Science One (John Sherman), but the other is staying (Guillaume Bussiere), so this may be different in your year

• Around biweekly unit quizzes (40%), five per term, each quiz around 30 minutes, double sided with around 15-25 questions, with both multiple choice and written answer questions
  • Around 74% averages
  • One quiz drop per term
• Assignments (10%) consisting of worksheets provided in class (takes around 30 minutes-1 hour per assignment) and questions submitted on a paid ($70 if I remember correctly) homework submission website called Achieve
• 2.5 hour final exam (50%) consisting of theory based questions, organic chemistry, multiple choice, and calculation
  • 69% average in term 1, term 2 grades not available

Overall: 2-5 hours of work per week depending if there’s quizzes or assignments that week
Class average over the year: 75%
Term 1 Units: Chemical Bonding and Basics, Conformations, Stereochemistry, Thermodynamics, Electrochemistry
Term 2 Units: Kinetics, Quantum Chemistry, Intermolecular Forces (not really a whole unit, more like a supplementary lecture), Valence Bond Theory and Molecular Orbital Theory, Acid Base Chemistry, SN1 and SN2 Reactions
Chemistry Tutorials

• some coding based tutorials for quantum chemistry, little to no prep work, but knowledge of python coding is needed (but you will learn in Science One), submission of a worksheet for marks
• Organic chemistry worksheets, guided by the professors, but no submission necessary

Chemistry Labs (Chem 121, Chem 123 equivalents for term 1 and 2 respectively)

• Biweekly 3 hour lab sessions, where we are performing experiments and recording notes in our EDF
• Prep work: normally on our “off weeks”, we need to fill in our EDF and do the prep work (around 3-5 hours)
• In term 2, we also need to submit lab reports for each lab session (takes around 1-2 hours to write)

Overall class average (I forgot): around 85%
Physics

• Two long form assignments per term (20%, so 10% each assignment), each assignment generally consists of collecting data related to something learned in class, and analyzing it
  • Data collecting and analysis can take around 2-6 hours spread over the week (generally how long it takes to complete the assignment)
  • Around 80% averages
• Biweekly quizzes (30%), total 5 per term, one hour long open book online quizzes, consisting of 12 multiple choice or calculation questions
  • Around 75% averages
  • one quiz drop per term
• Prereadings assignments (4%) on WebWork (around once every two weeks, but very inconsistent schedule), consisting around 3-4 multiple choice/calculation based questions
  • Most often, there is no prereading assignment, but there are around 6-7 sections of prereading assigned per week of lecture of online OpenStax textbooks
    • Personally, I did not do them, but still survived, as the prereadings can take up to 3 hours depending on your reading speed and intended depth of read
• Homework assignments (6%) around once every two weeks consisting of 8-11 multiple choice and calculation based questions, requires a lot of knowledge of theory rather than plugging in numbers into equations
• 2.5 hour open book final (40%) consisting of both multiple choice (submitted on Canvas) and long written answer questions (paper copy, but submitted on Canvas)
  • 60% average in term 1, term 2 grades not available

Overall: around 2-5 hours of work per week depending on if there’s quizzes, long assignments, or assignments
Class average over the year: 76%
Term 1 Units: Measuring and Modelling Motion, Motion and Conservation Laws, Thermodynamics, Rotational Motion, Special Relativity
Term 2 Units: Waves, Quantum Mechanics, Electrostatics, Circuits, Magnetism and Magnetic Fields, Stellar Nucleosynthesis
Physics Tutorials

• Generally working on worksheets with the guidance of professors, very helpful for understanding the content better, but worksheets are not submitted

Physics Labs (Phys 119, Phys 129)

• 3 hour sessions per week, consisting of data collection and data analysis, learn plenty of Python and basic statistical tests (however, most labs in term 1 are very rushed, but in term 2 there is much more spare time)
• Prep work in term 1 takes around 1-2 hours per lab, consisting of submitting a Jupyter notebook with code so we understand the code we need to use in the lab
• Prep work in term 2 takes around 15 minutes - 2 hours, mostly doesn’t have as much prep work as term 1
  • Rarely Jupyter lab notebooks for submission, most weeks we just preread what we are doing in the lab and that is sufficient

Class average (I forgot): around 85%
Mathematics

• Midterms “tests” (25%) three per term, around 50 minutes, and consisting of 3-4 written questions (average is usually around 60%, but we have had two instances of failed average midterms resulting in scale [but don’t rely on a scale, it is very rare!]), however, we get one midterm drop per term, where it is not counted in our average
• Assignments (16%) consisting of three long assignments with written answers that take around 2-4 hours to complete, and weekly two WebWork assignments that are around 6-12 questions, calculation and theory based
• Weekly quizzes (9%), with one quiz drop per term
  • 15 minute quizzes with 3 questions, generally a little rushed but doable
• 2.5 hour final (50%)
  • Average 67% in term 1, term 2 grades not available
• Pre-reading assignments not for marks, takes around 2 hours per week (personally I didn’t do any and I was ok)

Overall workload: around 3-6 hours per week depending if there’s assignments, and midterms that week
Class average over the year: 72%
Term 1 Focus: Derivatives and ODE’s
Term 2 Focus: Integration
Term 1 Project (partnered)

• consists of a presentation and mind map of a topic that we research in depth using primary literature
• Around biweekly meetings with our mentor, and mini check in assignments

Overall workload: around 1 hour per week, but can be up to 4 hours when preparing for the presentation
Class average: around 85%
Term 2 Project (partnered)

• consists of a project designed personally by you and a partner to measure something and report on it in a 3000 word paper (90%) and a presentation to our peers (10%)
• Weekly check ins with mentor, or round table discussion with updates

Overall workload: anywhere from 0-8 hours a week depending on the complexity of the project
Class average: 75%
Summary
With that in mind, I want to provide some pros and cons of Science One:
Pros

• Unique connections to professors
• Community with fellow students, and can form a very close knit group of people who are like-minded
• Blended grade at the end of the school year, so if you do bad in one subject but good at the rest, you can “hide” the bad mark
• Networking with professionals at guest speakers
• Having all your classes in one classroom, to avoid rushing across campus between classes
• Allows you to see how all science subjects interconnect
• Provides a deeper knowledge of all topics, basically an honours version of first year Science
• No stress about designing your own timetable
• Research experience in term 2 project can help with research applications in the future
• Study spaces for only Science One students, very helpful especially during finals season

Cons

• grading is a little harsh (very harsh in biology in my opinion) and there is no scaling at the end of the school year, so you may not get into your desired major if it is very competitive to get into
• You also are not prioritized for major selection compared to mainstream (ie if you get a 70% and a mainstream student gets a 71%, they will be prioritized)
• Workload is very intense, sometimes it felt like there was no break for ourselves
• Mental health and stress levels
• Blended grade at the end of the school year, so if you do really good in one subject it may be hidden
• Busy workload means less free time, so some relationships outside of Science One may dwindle
• Very hard to take elective courses on top of Science One, because of the busy schedule and demanding workload (might make it harder to get into Computer Science because of its prerequisites)
• Science One only offers 28 credits (6 for two terms of, biology, physics, math, and chem each, with 2 for two terms of chemistry labs and physics labs each), meaning that our term 1 and term 2 work do not provide us any credit
  • Science One disqualifies students from taking SCIE 113 (a communication requirement), but does not give any credits for it

Personal Opinion
While I did enjoy Science One at the start of the school year because of the pros mentioned above, over the school year, I started taking an interest in a competitive major, which put a lot of stress on myself to achieve high marks. It almost felt like no matter how hard I tried and how well I thought I knew the topic, my mark was going to be low anyways because the way the content is tested. I feel like I shot myself in the foot when it comes to getting into my major as the application process is completely based on grades.
While I don’t know if I would have done better in mainstream (I probably wouldn’t have had as many friends, and therefore my mental health would be worse, and possibly it means that I don’t have as much motivation), I definitely think that I could have done better in mainstream if I had the same motivation I do now as their way of testing and marking may be a lot more lenient. However, I am almost certainly sure that if my cohort were placed into mainstream classes in first year, we would have achieved much higher grades than we did in Science One. However, I don’t know if being in Science One could have an effect on my performance in the years to come. I do acknowledge that over the year, I was able to develop really good study habits to manage the workload and also learned to prioritize my health, which will be beneficial in the future.
However, I have also noticed that there are some “hell weeks”, where we absolutely feel like dropping out. In both terms, after term 1 and 2 conferences, where we were away at camp for the weekend (we didn’t have the weekend to do schoolwork), there was a week where there were many overlapping assessments, such as math midterms, chemistry quizzes, math assignments, and chemistry assignments, etc. These are the assessments that ended up having class averages which were below expectations, which I feel wasn’t our fault at all.
In fact, we were burnt out, but because of our wonderful Student Council, we were able to have some assignments pushed back to alleviate some of our workload and reduce burnout. Special thanks to our chemistry professors, as they were always open to planning the chemistry quizzes on days that weren’t as bad for us, and even asked us which day we wanted the quizzes. I can tell they really care about our wellbeing and our performance.
In addition, even though Science One is marketed as being prestigious, most of the people I talk to don’t even know what Science One is, and the few who do know it, know it for its intensive nature and harsh marking scheme. There is no special treatment for Science One graduates that I know of except for the occasional “wow how did you survive?”.
Generally, I don’t regret doing Science One, but if I had the chance to restart first year, I would have chosen to go the mainstream route. I feel I would have been a lot less stressed and have gotten much better grades. However, I did meet so many motivated and amazing people this year, and have generally enjoyed some aspects such as camp. Unfortunately, because of my desired major, I have seen Science One as something that may have limited my options in the future.
Do I think Science One is for you?
These are my personal opinions and please don’t take this section as the final decider for you. Be sure to do more research!
To succeed in Science One, talent can only go so far. At some point you will be challenged academically, and you will doubt yourself. But what follow is what really determines if you are a good fit for Science One. If you want to give up and do something easier, go to mainstream. If you want to persevere and to learn more, Science One may be the right choice for you. If just you want the prestige of Science One, don’t do Science One, it is not as well known as their website may make it seem. If you want to go into Computer Science, Science One may not be for you since it has little connection to Computer Science and really lowers your mark.
If you really are hard set on a competitive major which requires high marks, consider mainstream, since it is very rare and very very difficult to do well in Science One. If you really love to learn more difficult concepts, have a tight community to be by your side, to have good connections to your professors, to get some research experience, AND grades aren’t a huge concern for you, Science One is for you.
Again, take my opinion with a grain of salt. You are ultimately the right person who can make the right choice for yourself. You know yourself the best. I hope this helped and I wish you all the very best in your studies, whether you decide to go Science One or not. Feel free to DM me or reply below if you have any further questions :)

In recent years, the meaning of the idea of classrooms has become ambiguous - it could mean either traditional places, with the desks arranged orderly, blackboards, maps, and the conversations of the students that take place in the same location and face to face, or some online platform where teachers meeting their students and teaching the same subject classes. Right now, it is a new normal. Classrooms are not only meeting rooms, but rather they can be on our screens and people from different corners of the world interact from within their virtual space. This globalization of E-learning has revolutionized teaching methods as knowledge delivery and strategies have been transformed virtual classroom is a web-based teaching spaces where teachers & students can exchange, perform different types of activities, and anyway communicate with each other. As a result, the students can get access to really good teachers from any part of the planet for a lifetime as long as they both are connected to the internet with a steady connection. This can break down most of the common barriers to synchronous learning: the cost, distance, and also time.
Key features of virtual classrooms include:

• The video and audio conferences to allow the visual or aural responses of peers and teachers.
• Real-time text chat
• Cooperation via IWB input displays.
• Library for studying resources which done by using textbooks, games, exercises, templates, worksheets, and multimedia materials.
• Teacher interfaces and functions that could be used as instruments to direct and uplift minds.

An online class is, to a large extent, a replica of the actual classroom setting. Online whiteboard assists teachers in highlighting visually their ideas and demonstrating how working out samples in an interactive manner mirrors a physical classroom. Meanwhile, the library acts as a bedrock for teachers and allows them to tap into relevant supplementary materials. In addition, it provides an avenue for teachers and students to appreciate the same content.
Virtual classrooms provide several advantages over traditional classrooms:

• Without any constraints on the timing, location, or distance.
• Easier for both students and teachers to have access to the information they need.
• More particularly valuable to introverted people who used to be terrified of practicing language in front of others.
• Students can adopt their learning methodology and be ready for examinations, tests, or quizzes.
• Empowers students coming from different parts of the globe to attend the same lecturer and teach.
• Creates a platform of knowledge sharing that has no existing barrier for people of different professions and locations.

The advent of virtual classrooms requires teachers to partner with state-of-the-art technology systems that will provide students with contemporary methods of learning. Technology is already a reality and we should learn as soon as we can to take advantage of it in educational practices as it influences how people learn and interact with each other.
The international online education market has been anticipated to hit approximately $350 billion by 2025. One of the hallmarks of this revolution in educational technology is the virtual classroom which fosters human interaction that is lost in video-on-demand courses. A virtual classroom is all the more the space for online learning in the future. They provide a basic structure that levels the educational field on a global scale and promotes the accessibility of knowledge. Educators, who need to catch up with this transformation, will get the chance to use the cutting-edge tools that make learning a lot more fun for both students and teachers.

#talentserve #virtualclassrooms u/talentserve

What is input-output analysis?

Economics uses input-output analysis to investigate sector interdependencies. It considers the inputs (raw materials, labor, and capital) and outputs (goods and services) of each sector to determine how changes in one sector affect others. In the 1930s, Wassily Leontief developed input-output analysis to understand how products and services flow through an economy. At its core, input-output analysis uses input-output tables to highlight the relationships between sectors by presenting their inputs and output destinations. Rows represent inputs, and columns represent outputs in matrix tables. Economists can find sectoral links, estimate the economic implications of production or consumption patterns, and evaluate policies or external shocks by evaluating these tables.
Multipliers are crucial to input-output analysis. They show how one sector indirectly and induced affects the economy. For instance, government funding for infrastructure projects can boost building material demand and production. Construction workers make more and spend it on goods and services from other industries, stimulating economic activity. Regional, environmental, and economic planning use input-output analysis. It helps policymakers, entrepreneurs, and researchers comprehend complicated economic connections and devise successful growth, sustainability, and development policies.

What are the steps involved in conducting input-output analysis?

Input-output analysis necessitates the execution of a number of crucial procedures in order to comprehend the interdependencies that exist within an economy and evaluate the consequences of diverse alterations. Data collection, which includes the gathering of information on the inputs and outputs of various sectors' production activities, is the initial phase. Subsequently, input-output tables are generated by organizing the data above in a matrix structure to symbolize the interconnections among sectors.
It is then necessary to balance these statistics so that, for each sector, total inputs and total outputs are equal, taking into consideration variables such as intermediate consumption and imports. In conclusion, the quantification of indirect and induced impacts of sectoral changes on the economy as a whole is achieved through the calculation of multipliers. The information provided by these multipliers regarding the ripple effects of changes in policy, external disruptions, and changes in consumption patterns assists researchers, policymakers, and businesses in making well-informed decisions regarding sustainability, development, and economic planning.

How can companies take advantage of input-output analysis?

Organizations can utilize input-output analysis to identify growth opportunities, optimize operations, and formulate informed strategic decisions, among other benefits. A notable benefit is the acquisition of knowledge regarding the intricacies and interdependencies of the supply chain. Organizations can discern sectors that are substantial purchasers of their outputs and sectors that are critical suppliers of their inputs through the examination of input-output tables. Strategies for expanding into new markets, initiatives for developing products, and collaborations with complementary companies can all be informed by this data. As an illustration, if a manufacturer specializing in renewable energy equipment detects an increasing need for its products within the construction industry, it may pursue strategic partnerships with construction firms or implement targeted marketing campaigns.
Moreover, input-output analysis empowers organizations to evaluate the possible consequences of external variables, including alterations in policy, economic disruptions, or fluctuations in consumer inclinations. Organizations can forecast the impacts of these modifications on their revenues, supply chains, and operations by employing input-output tables and multipliers to model various scenarios. Organizations can effectively mitigate risks, develop contingency plans, and modify their strategies by adopting this proactive approach.

What is the vital value of Input-output analysis?

The fundamental significance of input-output analysis resides in its capacity to furnish an all-encompassing comprehension of the interconnections that exist within an economy. Such insights are indispensable for making well-informed decisions, devising policies, and devising strategies. Through the examination of the interconnections, reliances, and prospects for expansion that exist between sectors, input-output analysis facilitates the identification of critical linkages. By utilizing this analytical framework, policymakers, businesses, and researchers are able to evaluate the potential ramifications of diverse transformations, including technological advancements, policy interventions, and changes in consumer behavior, in distinct sectors of the economy. An inherent advantage of input-output analysis is its broad range of applications and feasibility in diverse domains and circumstances.
Furthermore, input-output analysis enables a comprehensive comprehension of intricate economic systems by considering the direct and indirect consequences of sector-specific modifications on other components. This capability empowers stakeholders to evaluate the far-reaching ramifications of their choices and behaviors, forecast possible hazards and advantages, and formulate approaches to optimize favorable outcomes while minimizing unfavorable ones.

What value does conducting an input-output analysis along with primary research bring to the table?

The integration of input-output analysis and primary research provides substantial value as it enhances comprehension of economic dynamics through the incorporation of empirical data and perspectives. Input-output analysis offers a macroeconomic outlook through the examination of interdependencies among sectors within an economy. In contrast, primary research conducts an in-depth investigation into particular sectors, markets, or industries in order to collect information and context firsthand. Through the integration of these two methodologies, stakeholders can acquire a more holistic and intricate comprehension of economic phenomena, thereby facilitating strategic planning and decision-making that are better informed.
In addition, primary research supplements the quantitative analysis of input-output models with qualitative insights and contextual knowledge. Although input-output analysis measures the quantity of inputs and outputs transferring between sectors, only primary research can reveal the motivations, behaviors, and preferences that underlie these flows. Qualitative comprehension is critical in interpreting the outcomes of input-output analysis, discern potential avenues for innovation or market differentiation, and develop focused interventions or strategies.

How can input-output analysis with secondary market research correlate?

By establishing a correlation between input-output analysis and secondary market research, one can significantly augment comprehension of market trends and economic dynamics. Secondary market research utilizes pre-existing sources, including economic databases, industry reports, and market analyses, to collect valuable information and insights. Through the incorporation of secondary research and input-output analysis, stakeholders have the opportunity to enhance their comprehension of competitive environments, market structures, and sectoral interdependencies. This, in turn, can facilitate more informed strategic planning and decision-making. An area of correlation between input-output analysis and secondary market research can be observed in the validation and enhancement of input-output models. Supplementary information regarding sectoral inputs, outputs, and interrelationships is obtained through secondary market research.
This information can be utilized to verify the input-output tables' assumptions and parameters. In addition, in addition to the quantitative analysis of input-output models, secondary market research can furnish market intelligence and contextual insights. Through the examination of market analyses and secondary research reports, stakeholders are able to acquire a more profound comprehension of market trends, consumer behavior, and competitive dynamics that are particular to their sector. The interpretation of input-output analysis results can be informed by this qualitative understanding, which can assist stakeholders in identifying potential avenues for expansion, innovation, or market development.
Read The Blog: https://www.cognitivemarketresearch.com/blog/insights-unveiled-exploring-the-depths-of-economic-dynamics-with-input-output-analysis

PayPal F&F or G&S, Zelle, and Wise are accepted forms of payment, all prices include tracked shipping U.S., international shipping is an additional $15.
Offers, questions, concerns, and emotional outbursts are encouraged, however, please take them to my PMs.
Proof: https://imgur.com/a/HAfPaBz
Individually Priced Total: 2,210
WHALE OPTION (Everything): 1,800 (>20% Discount)
WHALE OPTION Includes Free Priority Shipping And A Complementary Maria Theresa Thaler (pictured in Imgur post)
Seleukos I Nikator 312BC-281BC AR Double Shekel/Stater, Ba'al seated, Lion advancing with horizontal anchor above all within circular incuse. (14.92gr, 24.9mm) -$425
Philip III 1613-1616 Potosí, Bolivia 8 Reales, a faint tail of a Q is visible, indicating that it was minted under Austín de la Quadra. Scratches, otherwise quite wholesome and a bit uncommon (25.38gr, 40.6mm) -$400
New Style Athenian Owl Tetradrachm, 165BC-42BC, bust of Athena Parthenos, Owl standing on Amphora within wreath. Currently blast white, in need of some cabinet toning. Worn with small test cut on the edge, and some rougher areas surface wise, otherwise a wholesome example (15.45gr, 27.3mm) -$350
Likely Archaic Ionian (Asia Minor) Electrum 1/24 Stater 600-550bc, one of the first coins. Electrum is a naturally forming alloy of gold and silver. Reverse is a geometric pattern within an incuse, obverse not reliably identifiable, potentially the head of a griffin facing right, winged boar, 'goat seal,' or other hybrid beast (0.47gr. 6.3mm) -$300
URBS ROMA, Rare Chi-Rho (Christogram) mintmark, Æ3/4 of Arles Mint, 336AD under Constantine (I) The Great, Helmeted head of Roma facing left, mother wolf suckling Romulus and Remus, Chi-Rho between two stars. RIC VII (Rarity R4), (1.27g, 14.7mm) -$225
Calabria Tarentum Silver Diobol, Head of Athena wearing crested Attic helmet, Skylla/Herakles holding club and strangling Nemean Lion. Some delamination on the high points, otherwise well struck and centered, especially strong details on the reverse. -$200
SALE PENDING 1654 Utrecht Lion Daalder, also called the New York Lion Dollar as it was used by Dutch Colonists in them New Amsterdam, now New York. Considered America's first silver dollar. A seemingly contemporary hole was crudely struck through this example at an angle, otherwise the coin offers some rather nice details. (26.83gr. 41.2mm) -$100 SALE PENDING
1857 leaded copper Honduras 8 Reale, worn, strong rays on mountain side, well struck tree details as well. (16.71gr. 38.8mm) -$90
Vintage 1976 Tri-State Refining 1 Troy Oz. Round. Dark toning, cleaned. -$50
Pan American Silver Corp. 1 Troy Oz. Round. Spots of rich and colorful toning, especially some blues on the edge. Quite nice surfaces as well. -$40
Vespasian AR Denarius Counterfeit/Modern Reproduction. Should only be used as a display and educational aid, it is relatively well made, but the style is wrong and the obverse/reverse design combination while isn't impossible is however quite uncommon. Could potentially still be silver, but the metal content has not been tested. -$30

PayPal F&F or G&S, Zelle, and Wise are accepted forms of payment, all prices include tracked shipping U.S., international shipping is an additional $15.
Offers, questions, concerns, and emotional outbursts are encouraged, however, please take them to my PMs.
Proof: https://imgur.com/a/HAfPaBz
Individually Priced Total: 2,120
WHALE OPTION (Everything): 1,800 (>20% Discount)
WHALE OPTION Includes Free Priority Shipping And A Complementary Maria Theresa Thaler (pictured in Imgur post)
Seleukos I Nikator 312BC-281BC AR Double Shekel/Stater, Ba'al seated, Lion advancing with horizontal anchor above all within circular incuse. (14.92gr, 24.9mm) -$425
Philip III 1613-1616 Potosí, Bolivia 8 Reales, a faint tail of a Q is visible, indicating that it was minted under Austín de la Quadra. Scratches, otherwise quite wholesome and a bit uncommon (25.38gr, 40.6mm) -$400
New Style Athenian Owl Tetradrachm, 165BC-42BC, bust of Athena Parthenos, Owl standing on Amphora within wreath. Currently blast white, in need of some cabinet toning. Worn with small test cut on the edge, and some rougher areas surface wise, otherwise a wholesome example (15.45gr, 27.3mm) -$350
Likely Archaic Ionian (Asia Minor) Electrum 1/24 Stater 600-550bc, one of the first coins. Electrum is a naturally forming alloy of gold and silver. Reverse is a geometric pattern within an incuse, obverse not reliably identifiable, potentially the head of a griffin facing right, winged boar, 'goat seal,' or other hybrid beast (0.47gr. 6.3mm) -$300
URBS ROMA, Rare Chi-Rho (Christogram) mintmark, Æ3/4 of Arles Mint, 336AD under Constantine (I) The Great, Helmeted head of Roma facing left, mother wolf suckling Romulus and Remus, Chi-Rho between two stars. RIC VII (Rarity R4), (1.27g, 14.7mm) -$225
Calabria Tarentum Silver Diobol, Head of Athena wearing crested Attic helmet, Skylla/Herakles holding club and strangling Nemean Lion. Some delamination on the high points, otherwise well struck and centered, especially strong details on the reverse. -$200
1654 Utrecht Lion Daalder, also called the New York Lion Dollar as it was used by Dutch Colonists in them New Amsterdam, now New York. Considered America's first silver dollar. A seemingly contemporary hole was crudely struck through this example at an angle, otherwise the coin offers some rather nice details. (26.83gr. 41.2mm) -$100
Vintage 1976 Tri-State Refining 1 Troy Oz. Round. Dark toning, cleaned. -$50
Pan American Silver Corp. 1 Troy Oz. Round. Spots of rich and colorful toning, especially some blues on the edge. Quite nice surfaces as well. -$40
Vespasian AR Denarius Counterfeit/Modern Reproduction. Should only be used as a display and educational aid, it is relatively well made, but the style is wrong and the obverse/reverse design combination while isn't impossible is however quite uncommon. Could potentially still be silver, but the metal content has not been tested. -$30

In the world of floral arrangements, few blooms can rival the timeless elegance and allure of white roses. These delicate, pristine flowers have long been revered as symbols of purity, innocence, and new beginnings, making them a beloved choice for a wide range of events and occasions. Whether you're celebrating a wedding, marking a milestone, or simply expressing your affection, a beautifully crafted white roses bouquet can add a touch of sophistication and charm that will leave a lasting impression.
The Enduring Appeal of White Roses
A Symbol of Purity and Innocence
White roses have long been associated with purity and innocence, making them a natural choice for events that celebrate new beginnings, such as weddings, christenings, or graduations. Their pristine petals and delicate fragrance evoke a sense of freshness and renewal, perfectly embodying the essence of these momentous occasions.
Timeless Classic for Any Event
Beyond their symbolic significance, white roses are renowned for their versatility and ability to complement a wide range of color schemes and decor styles. Whether you're planning a formal gala, a romantic anniversary celebration, or a simple gathering among friends and family, a white roses bouquet can effortlessly elevate the ambiance and add a touch of sophistication to any event.
Choosing the Perfect White Rose Variety
Hybrid Tea Roses
Hybrid tea roses are the quintessential choice for bouquets, renowned for their classic, spiral-shaped blooms and long, sturdy stems. Popular white hybrid tea rose varieties include the iconic 'Polar Star,' with its large, velvety petals, and the elegant 'Jacaranda,' boasting a delicate, dreamy appearance.
Garden Roses
For a more romantic, whimsical touch, consider incorporating garden roses into your white roses bouquet. Varieties like the lush 'Patience' and the ruffled 'Blanc de Blancs' add depth and texture with their lush, multi-petaled blooms, creating a beautifully organic and effortless arrangement.
Designing the Perfect White Roses Bouquet
Selecting Complementary Accents
While white roses are undoubtedly the stars of the show, thoughtfully chosen accents can enhance their beauty and create a harmonious, visually stunning bouquet. Consider incorporating elements such as baby's breath, eucalyptus, or delicate greenery to add texture and interest. For a touch of glamour, try incorporating crystals, pearls, or satin ribbons in coordinating shades of ivory or cream.
Crafting a Well-Balanced Arrangement
A well-balanced bouquet is not only aesthetically pleasing but also ensures longevity and structural integrity. When arranging your white roses, aim for a mix of focal blooms, supporting flowers, and greenery, creating a visually appealing spiral or dome shape. Employ techniques like spiraling or clustered placement to achieve a cohesive, professional-looking arrangement.
Proper Hydration and Handling
Proper hydration is crucial for ensuring the longevity of your white roses bouquet. Before arranging, be sure to trim the stems at an angle and remove any foliage that will be submerged in water. Use a clean, bacteria-free vase filled with fresh, lukewarm water and a floral preservative to extend the life of your blooms.
Avoiding Premature Wilting
White roses are particularly susceptible to premature wilting, so it's important to take preventive measures. Avoid exposing your bouquet to direct sunlight, heat sources, or drafts, as these can cause the delicate petals to discolor or wilt prematurely. Additionally, be sure to change the vase water every few days to prevent bacterial growth and keep your blooms looking their best.
Creative Presentation Ideas for White Roses Bouquets
Incorporating Unique Vessels
While traditional vases are always a classic choice, consider stepping outside the box and presenting your white roses bouquet in a unique vessel. Repurposed containers like vintage teapots, antique pitchers, or even elegant birdcages can add a touch of whimsy and personality to your arrangement. Just be sure to line the container with a waterproof material to protect your surfaces.
Embracing Minimalism
In some cases, less is truly more. For a modern, minimalist approach, consider presenting a few exquisite white rose blooms in a sleek, clear vase or even a simple bud vase. This understated yet elegant display allows the beauty of the roses to take center stage, creating a sophisticated and timeless focal point in any space.
White Roses Bouquets for Every Occasion
Weddings and Bridal Bouquets
White roses have long been a staple in bridal bouquets, symbolizing the purity and innocence of the union being celebrated. From cascading, trailing bouquets to classic hand-tied arrangements, white roses can add a touch of elegance and romance to any bridal look.
Anniversaries and Romantic Gestures
Whether you're celebrating a milestone anniversary or simply expressing your love and affection, a white roses bouquet is a timeless and thoughtful gesture. Surprise your significant other with a beautiful arrangement, or present it as a romantic centerpiece for a special dinner or candlelit evening.
Formal Events and Celebrations
White roses are a sophisticated and versatile choice for formal events and celebrations of all kinds. From corporate functions and galas to graduations and retirement parties, a beautifully crafted white roses bouquet can add a touch of elegance and refinement to any occasion.
Whether you're a seasoned floral designer or a novice arranger, creating the perfect white roses bouquet is an achievable and rewarding endeavor. With their timeless beauty, versatility, and symbolic significance, white roses are a true classic that can elevate any event or occasion. By following these tips and techniques, you can craft a stunning arrangement that will leave a lasting impression and create cherished memories for years to come.

Hi
Recently, my 1 year minecraft modded creative world suddenly has a big issue.
For context: I have a modded creative world where I build all sorts of shit. I love that world very much, so it means a lot to me.
Problem: Just now, as I was flying around a river leading into an ocean (which were all previously loaded chunks) and wanting to fly back, I noticed that part of my city is not loading. I flew around to see no chunks loading outside a certain range. The game apparently thinks I am froze in place. All entities are also freezed.
Nothing outside that already loaded chunk range wants to load and all entities at the border of the range are gone. It's as if time is frozen. And when I try leaving the world I am stuck in an infinite "Saving World..." screen where I can only close the game via Task Manager. I honestly do not suspect any mod doing this, because it functioned for so long, so why now? The world is set in 1.20.1 and I use Complementary reimagined shader.
Small addition: The blocks in the unloaded chunks are still there, they're just invisible. And reloading chunks doesn't do anything. Also, I now tried Embeddium instead of Rubidium but that didn't do anything. I also tried it without Rubidium and Oculus but that doesn't do anything at all.
I really don't know what to do and would really appreciate any help!
This is the mod list btw:

• 3dskinlayers-forge-1.5.4-mc1.20.1
• additionallanterns-1.1.1-forge-mc1.20
• AmbientSounds_FORGE_v5.3.5_mc1.20.1
• balm-forge-1.20.1-7.1.4
• Better Weaponry 1.0.0
• blocklayering-1.20.1-1.0.3
• Bookshelf-Forge-1.20.1-20.1.6
• buildersaddition-1.20.1-20230928a
• camera-1.20.1-1.0.6
• carryon-forge-1.20.1-2.1.2.7
• cfm-forge-1.20.1-7.0.0-pre36
• cluttered-2.1-1.20.1
• Connectible Chains-forge-1.20.1-1.0.0
• cookingforblockheads-forge-1.20-16.0.1
• CosmeticArmours - 1.3.5.1 - 1.20.1
• create-1.20.1-0.5.1.f
• createbigcannons-forge-1.20.1-0.5.4
• createteleporters2-1.20.1
• CreativeCore_FORGE_v2.11.25_mc1.20.1
• Croptopia-1.20.1-FORGE-2.3.2
• curios-forge-5.4.5+1.20.1
• curious_armor_stands-1.20-5.0.1
• Delightful-1.20.1-3.5.2
• DramaticDoors-QuiFabrge-1.20.1-3.1.5
• easy_npc_1.20.1-3.5.0
• effortlessbuilding-1.20.1-3.7-all
• fantasyfurniture-1.20.1-9.0.0
• FarmersDelight-1.20.1-1.2.4
• flib-1.20.1-0.0.11
• FramedBlocks-9.1.6
• geckolib-forge-1.20.1-4.4.4
• ImmersiveEngineering-1.20.1-10.0.0-169
• immersiveweapons-1.20.1-1.27.2
• jei-1.20.1-forge-15.2.0.27
• justenoughdrugz-1.20.1-v-1.1.10
• lightmanscurrency-1.20.1-2.1.2.4b
• littlelogistics-mc1.20.1-v1.20.1.2
• mahoutsukai-1.20.1-v1.34.59
• mcw-bridges-2.1.1-mc1.20.1forge
• mcw-doors-1.1.0forge-mc1.20.1
• mcw-fences-1.0.7-mc1.20.1forge
• mcw-furniture-3.2.1-mc1.20.1forge
• mcw-roofs-2.2.4b-mc1.20.1forge
• mcw-trapdoors-1.1.2-mc1.20.1forge
• mcw-windows-2.2.0-mc1.20.1forge
• MineTraps-1.20.x-(v.2.3.0)
• MOAdecor+ART+1.20.1
• MOAdecor+BATH+1.20.1
• MOAdecor+COOKERY+1.20.2
• MOAdecor+LIGHTS+1.20.1
• MOAdecor+SCIENCE+1.20.1
• MOAdecor+TOYS+1.20.1
• Mo-Glass-1.6.1-MC1.20.1
• moonlight-1.20-2.8.67-forge
• oculus-mc1.20.1-1.6.9
• rubidium-mc1.20.1-0.7.1a
• Runelic-Forge-1.20.1-18.0.2
• Saros-Road-Blocks-Mod-1.20.1-2.4
• Saros-Road-Signs-Mod-1.20.1-3.2
• scholar-1.20.1-1.0.0-forge
• SelectablePainting-1.20.1-2.0.3
• simpleplanes-1.20.1-5.2.6
• simpleworldtimer-1.20.1-1.1.2-beta
• sootychimneys-1.20.1-1.1.1
• supermartijn642configlib-1.1.8-forge-mc1.20
• supermartijn642corelib-1.1.16-forge-mc1.20.1
• supplementaries-1.20-2.7.4
• TerraBlender-forge-1.20.1-3.0.0.169
• toomanypaintings-1.0.0-1.20-forge
• trashcans-1.0.18b-forge-mc1.20
• waterframes-1.20.1-2.0.0-beta5.1
• watermedia-2.0.31
• worldedit-mod-7.2.15

Need help/pep talk! I'm really, really close to just giving up on one of these.
I've been trying to get a Supra in the Pacific Northwest of the US now for about three months. Every dealership has some kind of "hidden markup", or they have a list that costs a minimum of $1000 dollars to get on, and the list is long- like one dealership I talked to said they had 10 people on the list for the next Supra that came in! "So let me get this straight- I give you $1000-$5000 now, and at some point in the future when you get another Supra, you start at the top of the list and work your way down until you get to me, and then it'll be "Do you want it or not? Here is the MSRP + $5K no negotiation as I have 10 other people that want it?" Really?"
Been trying to use the Supra Allocation Spreadsheet (Oh, what a great document! Thank you so much for that!!!), but every Supra on that worksheet for Washington, Oregon, Idaho, and Montana is on Dealerhold or is presold. The ones that are available- call the Dealership, and it's "Give us money and get on the list". Money isn't an issue here, I just don't want to buy one for MSRP + $5K, as that's Porsche, Corvette, Mustang, Audi RS3, etc. territory, and I'm not saying those cars are better, but the price/performance ratio is huge at $70K.
How are people able to get one of these?!?! I really want one at MSRP, but seems impossible. Looks like I might have to either buy one clear across the US and ship it or do an epic road trip- at that point, I might as well get one locally for MSRP+$5K. Forget about a test drive or even sitting in one. There are none. I called a dealership back in December that had a 2.0, asked just to look at it, and they said no. I haven't even seen one in person yet besides on the road (few and far between).
Why do I want one so bad? Great styling- looks beautiful from every angle to me, awesome engine, easy to mod (coming from a Subaru STi that I love to tinker on), every video I've watched says it drives fantastic, rear wheel drive, and a manual transmission (if you can get one!) that is one of the best on the market. Toyota dependability with BMW quality- this car is going to be a classic.
Any advice here?