⚠️(potentially) sensitive topic.
I'm asking on this sub Reddit because it is by far the most supportive one I know of and I trust the people here to have useful insights into my question. If my question isn't right for this sub then the mods can remove it.
So, feminism as both a movement and a concept obviously encapsulates a LOT of things, and can be understood in different ways by different people. That said, AM I GETTING IT WRONG?
If someone asked me to explain feminism in a sentence I would say something like "Equality between people regardless of gender, and for people to have the freedom to choose what to be and how to live their life regardless of their gender" (yes, there's other types of inequality and discrimination which that sentence doesn't cover, but I'm talking specifically about feminism). For example: a woman can choose to become a mothebusinessperson/politician/engineer etc (or choose not to do these things) and feminism is having the freedom to make that choice without discrimination. By extension people who advocate for this freedom are feminists and people who try to suppress that freedom are not (for example: a stay-at-home-mum who supports and advocates for women's rights is a feminist and a female CEO who supports banning abortion is not a feminist). My thinking is that it's not about what an individual chooses for themselves, it's about supporting others having that freedom to choose.
The reason I'm asking this and going into so much detail explaining myself is because I got perma-banned from the feminism sub because of it. I want to be clear, I'm not complaining about the feminism sub, but I am concerned with the fact that they thought this interpretation of feminism was worth a ban. PLEASE please I need your support and advice here, if I am getting feminism wrong I want to know. And I want to learn what it should be. I feel that for me this is especially important because I am a teacher and therefore my own views will subconsciously be a part of my teaching practice, so it's important to me that I'm doing the right thing as much as possible. Any advice and criticism is helpful (I trust the users here to be kind).
Context of the ban (as I said this isn't part of my question here but I'm sure some people will ask):
A user posted asking if women choosing to cover themselves and be subservient to their husbands could still be feminism if it was their choice (context of the post was Islam but the question was in general). The post was flagged as sensitive. My comment:
"I have no issue with other people's choices.
The choice itself is not feminism (like the choice to become a doctor or businessperson is not feminism either) because feminism is the freedom to MAKE that choice. Anybody who advocates for the freedom to make that choice is a feminist, anybody who doesn't is not."
The comment got me a temporary ban, I messaged the mods to ask why and if there was something wrong with my interpretation of feminism or the comment, and my message earned me a perma-ban. As I said before, I'm not mad about this, there are more than enough trolls on Reddit to justify the feminism mods in perma-banning or blocking anybody who questions a temporary ban. I simplified it A LOT in that particular comment (I was trying to be inclusive of lifestyles/religions) but simplified statements are the easiest to misinterpret, so maybe it was that. Or maybe I need to change/update the way I understand feminism. Help me out if it's the latter 🙏
If you took the time to read all of this, thank you dearly, I can't tell you how much I would appreciate some advice or feedback. ❤️
(Edit: un-tagged the subreddit)

So recently I saw someone talking about Naranjo's coorelations of the Hornevian triads here in this sub but the problem is they didn't really explain his interpretation of the triads which caused disagreements in the comments
B4 we start it's worth noting that whether you agree or disagree with Naranjo it's your own choice
OK NOW LET'S START

Moving Away

Fundemental Characteristics: self-sufficiency, independence, privacy, superiority, and a sense of uniqueness
Unlike current descriptions of withdrawn types Horney explains that they aren't distinguished by a need for solitude and that it's more likely a symptom of Neurosis nor are they characterized by an estrangement of others/themselves

What is crucial is their inner need to put emotional distance between themselves and others. More accurately, it is their conscious and unconscious determination not to get emotionally involved with others in any way, whether in love, fight, co-operation, or competition. They draw around themselves a kind of magic circle which no one may penetrate. And this is why, superficially, they may "get along" with people. The compulsive character of the need shows up in their reaction of anxiety when the world intrudes on them

They are obsessed with their independence and as a result of that, they get a feeling of Uniqueness and Strength, They become sensitive to any effort from others to influence them/tell them to do something as it breaks their sense of independence
They fear losing their uniqueness and sense of being, of losing their will and submitting to enforcements/constraints, and finally they fear going insane. The types that lie here are types 4, 5 and 6

Moving towards

fundamental characteristics: a feeling of weakness and helplessness, subordination of themselves, and dependency on others
Unlike current descriptions it isn't compliancy towards the superego, it is compliancy towards others
They have a need for affection, approval, and a significant partner, basically human intimacy and belonging which can cause them to overrate their generosity, to appear truly generous and altruistic to win the affection of desired people They hide their true intentions and distort how they see others projecting a sense of Ideal "goodness" onto others when in reality the may feel indifferent or critical of their faults, etc
They have a sense that aggression is taboo and so they hide it, they mask manipulation and exploitation as altruism, their demands become selfish but to maintain the need for others' affection, they mask these aggressions
E7 and E2 are oriented towards seduction (E7 is intellectual seduction while E2 is emotional) and 9s are oriented towards servitude
I'm getting tired rn so I'll continue the moving against triad later in its own post
However I'll mention the auxiliary triads for each type for now
E1: Assertive-Withdrawn (interestingly)
E2: Compliant-Compliant
E3: Assertive-Compliant
E4: Withdrawn-Compliant
E5: Withdrawn-Withdrawn
E6: Withdrawn-Assertive (at first might seem weird but like assertive types 6s have a belief hat they must compete for survival and to obtain what they want)
E7: Compliant-Assertive
E8: Assertive-Assertive
E9: Compliant-Withdrawn

In TOEFL speaking, you cannot expect to achieve a high score (3.5 and above, out of a 1 to 4 scale) without correct pronunciation and sentence stress (intonation rises when you stress sentences correctly). For sentence stress, function words and grammar suffixes (like articles, conjunctions, modal verbs, prepositions, -s, -ed, -ing) are all muted and barely audible, so these words are not as important as stress and pronunciation. In TOEFL writing, however, these small words are critical to scoring high (4 and above, out of a 1 to 5 scale). In their essay compositions, a lot of test takers make mistakes on article use (or noun countability), number agreement, tense use, and complex sentence structure (using conjunctions correctly and not making run-ons or sentence fragments). A few accidental mistakes are okay, but consistent errors in grammar will hold you back from scoring high, no matter how great your topic development is, simply because the rater might not understand what you are trying to convey. So, make sure you learn these essential grammar elements to move to a higher level. So, in this post, we learn how language use affects your score by studying a writing sample provided by the ETS.
https://www.nanheebyrnes.com/2024/05/toefl-academic-discussion-response-from.html

(My story below)
I've been part of a group lately who talk about certain behaviors and while not all of them line up with how she acts, there's a lot that do.
For example: calling everything she doesn't like "abuse".
Disagree with her? Abuse. Have other friends than her? Abuse. Think differently than her? Abuse. Do things that she doesn't approve of (because clearly she controls your life)? Abuse. Give her the smallest amount of criticisms because you think she can handle it after she gives essay long criticisms to everyone else? Abuse. I'm pretty she called a drawing she didn't approve of "abuse towards her" when it wasn't about her. You can think of anything, and I mean anything, and she'll call it abuse if she doesn't like it. She cried about being severely abused because someone didn't praise her for a day. Not even taking into account peoples lives don't revolve around her.
Want to know what's worse? She sits there and talks about how "good it is to learn that not everything is abuse if you don't like it". Basic behavior of hers, to preach against something she does daily. And it gets worse because she's praised by her echo chamber for saying something so good. And it wasn't even five minutes after she whined about being abused over a different opinion online. It's like the blatantly ignore she did the exact thing she's preaching against to give her praise. But I also shouldn't be surprised by the people who saw her yelling at me, insulting me, and threatening me and told me I'm the worst abuser to exist in the world because I told her to stop.
She's also the person who said only physical abuse exists. Grant it, she believes there's a difference depending on who's talking. If she's claiming abuse, it's literally everything she doesn't like, if you're claiming abuse, it can ONLY be physical or else you're a whiny baby who needs to grow up.

I recall reading an essay or public letter written by an Israeli statesman, I believe from the early 1950s, pleading for international economic support and laying out an plan for economic development. It anticipated a lot of actual historical developments and acknowledged that oil was not likely to be a major contributor to the economy. It discussed the establishment of a central bank (which happened in 1954) and other financial institutions critical to a modern economy. It also discussed the challenge of absorbing millions of refugees and migrants, but pointed out their potential value of skilled labor and creativity. The tone was lofty and aspirational.
I seem to remember the author being Abba Eban, but he wasn't active in politics until the late 1950s, and I can't seem to find the text. Google and ChatGPT haven't been as helpful as I's hoped. Does anyone know what I'm talking about?

Sorry but this is going to be a long ass essay post ☠️☠️☠️ I haven’t slept and am yapping
Overall, a weak defence and weak diss track but maybe not 100% trash as ppl make it out to be. It has some gd qualities but it is ultimately damage control, poorly executed and an attempt to get the last word in when the battle is already likely lost. Or at least seems lost for Drake, judging by what he said in the end monologue and just overall public perception of Kendrick being on top and poor reception of the heart pt.6.
Before we move on, yes, I do have a kendrick bias. The man is my goat 🐐 Feel free to correct me if I’m wrong about anything on the track.
Good things about the track first,

• Nice beat, the production was good and felt menacing which complemented drakes focused tone and streamlined rapping which solely addresses kendrick and no distractions.
• Excellent use of the Aretha Franklin sample, telling kendrick to pull up with receipts. I like the subtle use of it in the end as well. Sample worked well to begin the track and let Drake talk about Kendrick needing to pull up with evidence (double standard but I’m not too fussed). The war general bar he uses is a bit too braggy to me after getting dunked on but probably works due to him being battle tested.
  
• A few bars I really liked
  
  • Rick Ross flight bar (I don’t rlly like Rick Ross so I might be biased)
  • The hit back bar (out of pocket but honestly fine since it’s beef)
• R Kelly streaming spotify situation
  

I didn’t like it being brought up due to intentional lack of context but it was good for drake to mention this and paint Kendrick as a hypocrite I guess. Correct me if I’m wrong I don’t think it was kdot himself but Punch who did this although I think XXXtentacion may have thanked kdot in a similar situation. (I don’t remember properly tbh)

• The title itself (self explanatory and I just cba to explain)

The bad things… Summarised - the entire approach was terrible and the majority of the angles used were either bad and/or poorly executed, especially how he tries to dismiss PDF allegations.

• Pulitzer Prize winner bar Some ppl liked this opening bcos it flips kdots own bar but I just don’t like it. Why remind people kdot is a Pulitzer winner and make them remember kdots own bar about your past as a former actor, a persona you want to move from?
  
• Daughter Damage control (or the way that Drake tries to say Kendrick is dumb/desperate)
  

He does this by saying that the 11yr old daughter thing was intentionally leaked misinformation. But there’s reasons this isn’t really working for Drake. Before I say more, I want to say that I don’t think Drake actually has an 11yr old daughter but I don’t think Drake intentionally leaked this info. I think kendrick was just misinformed by a bad source - nothing more. Regardless, the idea of an intentional leak isn’t a good look for Drake. It’s not the chess move he makes it out to be. reason is that if it was true, it proves Kendrick’s claim of him being fake, an actor and master manipulator and why is he focusing on this as a chess move instead of the Drizzler accusations??!! A major reason why it doesn’t work is that why would he spread a lie about himself that reminds people about him being a deadbeat and furthers his deadbeat reputation. Why not lie about something else (and make it more believable)? Why give that lie to a talented writer like Kendrick and let him run with that lie and use it for two whole days in a story of Adidon sequel that shatters the whole public perception of him winning the rap beef. Why would he let that track marinate for two days, instead of saying he had intentionally leaked the daughter info right after Meet the Grahams? He wouldn’t even have had to drop a whole response track to say it. He could have just posted an IG story saying that he did that. Instead he just straight denied it via his IG story with no evidence and waited two days to reveal he intentionally leaked with no evidence to back up the leak. To the public, due to the time taken, it either seems Drake is lying about intentional leaks (and is crowdsourcing inspiration from his own fans on social media because they were making theories about leaks) or either he looks incompetent if he is telling the truth. Bcos why would he have no evidence about a planned leak especially if he is asking kendrick to pull up with receipts and why would he take two whole days to reveal the planned leak like it was some master war general move.
We all know Drake is capable of releasing tracks quickly and Heart part 6 seems to be written after Not Like Us. So why would he respond so late especially after Kendrick dropped a club bop that hammered Drake down (no drizzy). Overall, this rebuttal is either a bad lie or a bad truth but it’s shitty damage control either way

• Why did Drake double down on weak accusations he already mentioned?This is what I meant by poor attack. The majority of people didn’t believe Drake the first time round due to strange execution and certain things not adding up about those accusations. The accusations sounded desperate and false the first time and sound the same now. Why would kendrick keep working with Dave free if that was the case? Would that make Kendrick the opposite of Drake, in terms of being a deadbeat dad?

The domestic violence seems to also be a desperate claim and is covered by the breakfast club interview where kdot addresses it. Also, I think the initial story remains unverified (Correct me if I’m wrong). Why talk about Kendrick and the mother of his children being potentially distant/ legally separated as if it’s a bad thing? Lots of couples are separated and it’s very normalised. If it is a bad thing, what does that say about Drakes own parents? Why mock Kendrick for not being close to his partner and mother of his children, especially considering the situation with Adonis m? I feel like Drake uses very shallow things to jump to conclusion which makes it seem like he’s lying, why does Dave free liking a post and leaving a comment, mean he is fathering a child and why does a non-follow mean a couple is split? Drake just seems too chronically online if this is his thought process but hey idk

• Mother I sober I remember listening to how he used Mother I Sober and being like “Nah, that aint it”. Don’t get me wrong, the subject is open game albeit distasteful. Morals were out of the window and Kendrick has been cooking this man. I see why Drake tried to use it to deflect some intense pdf labels off himself but it was poorly executed. He intentionally made a wrong conclusion missing the point about generational trauma by saying that Kendrick got touched on. He uses this to spin the narrative, saying this means kendrick is obsessed with PDFilia and crazily sees him as one with no evidence but this backfires since ppl call Drake out for making the false claim that K got touched when it explicitly states in the song that he wasn’t touched. This just makes him look stupid instead of calculated.
  Also, it feels like Drake is mocking Kendrick for being touched and not for weirdly using the PDF label which makes it worse because it’s distasteful and he already has that PDF label on him. Drake, a person perceived to be a PDF, mocking someone for being touched by a PDF just makes Drake look more like a PDF. Why give people ammunition like that? Winning a rap beef is all about public perception and how people receive what you say, (hence why tea is so effective) and Drake just loses out regarding that because of how he approached a sensitive subject matter and trying to mock a PDF victim when being suspected of being a whole PDF.
  Furthermore, misunderstanding the song on purpose adds to peoples disillusionment with drake and his place in hiphop and his status as a rapper. This was very sensitive subject matter, that Drake just didn’t have the skill or know how to navigate and successfully to use against Kendrick
  

He shouldn’t have intentionally lied about Kendrick being touched instead of his mother and should’ve approached it with a different calm tone, (almost like a therapist exactly like kendrick occasionally does in his songs), pointing out Kendricks failing to his mother in using pedophilia as a serious smear against him with little evidence. A commercial rapper kicking knowledge to a conscious rapper and flipping the script like that in a calm tone would probably be pretty disrespectful and well received due to valid criticism. That being said, Drake just doesn’t know how to use his range to accomplish that and probably doesn’t care - he just went for what he thought would be most disrespectful and didn’t think that the subject matter would blow up in his face like it did. Also, I think he underestimated how strong the PDF label on him was and how sinister normal people find PDF allegations on celebs and how intense the shock factor of Meet the Grahams 2nd verse was to the listener.

• PDF damage control - using fame as a shield

The fame shield was pretty funny because it honestly shows how some peoples minds become so far removed from reality and how they think other ppl perceive society as opposed to themselves when they get some fame and live a certain lifestyle. What do you mean you’re too famous to be a pedophile Drake??? Why did he think that would be well received? I’ll try not to say too much about this because its so obvious and you all would understand if you heard what he said and have common knowledge about MJ going to a trial (when he was probs the most famous man in the world) and the decades of freedom, fame and acclaim certified PDF celebs have had (R Kelly, Saville, Polanski, Epstein, etc.). Also talking about himself and how much he isn’t a pdf just makes him look like a pdf. Did no one in the OVO sweatshop say anything? Or were they worried that if anyone said anything wrong, they’d be banished to the studio basement and chained to a workbench eternally cooking up hits like Jesse was in the last episodes of breaking bad?
In Drake’s defense, I would kinda somewhat understand this idea if Drake, being as big as he is, was absolutely 100% squeaky clean in terms of rep and had no “smoke/fire” in terms of speculation/rumours about being a dodgy ped. But that isn’t the case. There have been rumours/speculation about Drake for years about him being dodgy with minors. Is there any solid evidence of him being a PDF? No, no smoking gun so it’s hard to say he is a PDF but there are a lot of rumours and speculation nonetheless. We’ve seen him in relationships with questionable age gaps and we’ve seen him kiss teenagers on stage and make weird comments about their body when finding out they’re a teenager. He also think it’s normal to be an adult and go out of his way to slide into the dms of a teenage girl and start being weirdly friendly and giving them advice about boys and relationships. He chose the wrong angle to defend against the claim. Since the claim was thrown with little evidence from Kendrick himself, Drake should’ve been able to better defend against it, but man did he fumble.

• In all honesty, I don’t think Drake is a PDF that grooms under 18s (or whatever is illegal in Canada) but I think that’s not really the major point. I don’t think Drake is some serial offender who prowls around the local Toronto kindergarten or high school looking for kids to kidnap and diddle in the embassy. Drake did actively go out of his way to deny being a PDF and mentioned Epstein and I think he is looking at the lyrics of Not Like Us and the online PDF jokes/discourse about his questionable history with minors and is playing defence saying he’d never look at teenagers or anyone legally under the age of consent. However, I don’t think that’s what Kendrick is getting at. I think kendrick is comparing him to Harvey Weinstein who targeted young women who were adults and kdot is suggesting stuff about SA and trafficking rings with adult women and I think that’s where kdot goes if he replies to Drake. This makes sense due to the whole tinder thing, kdot name dropping Weinstein and Drakes known relationships with young adult women as well as the major kickers - 530K dished out on SA cases before and OVO signee who has plead guilty to trafficking charges before somehow having them dropped. As to whether rumours/surrounding SA and trafficking of adult women is true, I honestly have no Idea and there is a gd chance,it’s just speculation and I hope it’s all false because that’s not really something for rap beef and is probably something for the right authority to go send OVO to Jail. However, since it may be an angle, I’ll say that I don’t think Drake properly played defence on this base and didn’t talk about the “offenders on OVO” that kdot mentions, just himself.
  
• End of track monologue So low energy, but that might be me being biased. A lot of empty air
  

Right now, Kendrick is still up but he might still respond for the sake of a wider victory and letting the stock (5+5 or whatever) off, just to finish Drake and make sure he doesn’t maintain commercial success, like he did after story of Adidon. Alternatively, Drake could drop again and a lot harder, forcing Kendrick to reply. Also, narratives can easily change on social media, forcing another drop from anybody. But I haven’t slept so maybe I’m just rambling and overthinking stuff. Let me know what you think

Originally posted on https://productidentity.co/p/designing-for-a-single-purpose
If you’ve ever been to Amsterdam, you’ve probably visited, or at least heard about the famous cookie store that sells only one cookie. I mean, not a piece, but a single flavor.
I’m talking about Van Stapele Koekmakerij of course—where you can get one of the world's most delicious chocolate chip cookies. If not arriving at opening hour, it’s likely to find a long queue extending from the store’s doorstep through the street it resides. When I visited the city a few years ago, I watched the sensation myself: a nervous crowd awaited as the rumor of ‘out of stock’ cookies spreaded across the line.
The store, despite becoming a landmark for tourists, stands for an idea that seems to be forgotten in our culture: crafting for a single purpose.
In the tech scene where I’m coming from, and which you might too, this approach is often perceived as singular, and not in its positiveness. We’ve been taught to go big or go home—raise millions in funding, build a big company, hire more and more employees, and hope for the desired exit.
Anything less is considered a mind of a failure.
From a personal perspective I’ve seen this attitude in almost every branding session I ran with startup founders. Again and again, they struggled to distill their primary focus. Moreover, when discussing competitors, it often seemed their startup competed in every possible field.
In a way, that fear of committing reflects the human nature of FOMO—deliberately giving up on something(s) and experiencing the potential loss of other benefits.
This mindset has also seeped into our collective body of work, especially in software. A product, which often starts as a weird small creature, gradually evolves into a multi-arm octopus, which sadly became the norm for VCware.
And so we’ve been left with bloated, bigger, and… worse software.
The idea of maintaining a small scope in product has already appeared in my writing in various forms; in niche product design I explored the effect of growth on design; and in defense of Twitter, I wrote about the bloated era of incumbent culture. But in between there seems to be a different attitude that not many choose to embrace, which like in Van Stapele’s case, seeks a real purpose.

Going back to basics as a way to find purpose

In a tweet posted a few months ago, Jeff Sheldon described his renewed approach to photography after getting a new camera. It enlightened my eyes.
I’m not a professional photographer, and never been. But my beloved Canon 700D still serves me often while traveling. Besides learning about ISO and shutter speed settings, being familiar with the mechanics of a DSLR camera has also introduced me to the practice of shooting photos in RAW format, which means capturing photos at the highest quality level.
But the super heavy file format marks only the start of the process in modern photography. The rest belongs to the post-processing act: the daunting work of polishing, enhancing, and fixing images.
When I returned from vacation, I hoped to edit my captures. Then I noticed something weird. When comparing my photos to some stunning photos I saw online, it seemed like my camera output wasn’t as good as those shared photos. In doubt of my gear I then, again, noticed something I should have probably known: it wasn’t about the camera, but the editing.
I realized professional-made photos were overly edited, often detached from their original conditions. It appeared that what you see isn’t what you get.
I wondered, has photography become an art of photo manipulation?
To respectful photographers, this might appear like a false accusation. The time spent sitting in front of the photo editor is at the heart of many camera enthusiasts. After all, that’s why a camera is set to shoot in raw.
But this potential debate triggers a more profound question: what’s the purpose of all this thing, to find the perfect angle or color filter?
Despite being somewhat contradicting with modern photography philosophy, I find “going back to basics”, as Jeff described, to reflect the same spirit as of Van Stapele—a devotion to a very minded process. No editing. No over-complication. Working only in one mode, and for the sake of it.
At first glance, Van Stapele’s laser-focused outlook might seem detached from tech and other mass-production industries. But there’s a line that can be drawn between the Dutch cookie store to some other products which makes them all distinct:

• You can only read e-books with a Kindle.
• There’s no app store on the Light Phone.
• You’ll mostly find waterproof apparel in a Rains store.
• The Bic pen has remained untouched for almost 70 years.
• The design of Are.na remained the same for more than 12 years.

Whilst not every product mentioned above is hard-core focused like Van Stapele, the pattern is clear: an intentional commitment to a single purpose—either as a life philosophy, by using specific materials, or a deliberate design. And it also feels more appreciable when succeeding that way.
Some might call out a gimmick, while others appreciate the care for deep focus, which both are understandable. Finding the perfect recipe for the perfect cookie, and then committing to selling only that can be novel or a trick in marketing—depends on who you ask. But as I will stretch out from now on, I choose novelty.
We started with very minimal and basic products, aimed to serve only one simple job. A car to get from point A to B, a telephone to communicate with others, and a watch to check the time (perhaps the last analog device to serve human beings). But then many of our mundane artifacts have become more of a Swiss knife rather than just being exceptional in one form. We’re now drowning in oceans of product suites, both in the digital and physical worlds.

The bloated culture

In software, this trajectory is no different. Furthermore, it’s on steroids.
Despite “Do one thing well” being common advice for people building products in tech, it fails to hold water in the long run. Temptations are far too many to build and launch new stuff. Here’s Dropbox, a famous example of software turned bloated, in the words of DHH of 37signals:

Over the years, Dropbox has tried a million different things to juice upsells, seat expansions, and other ways to move the needle. There’s been a plethora of collaboration features (when all the collab I ever need is those magic links to files I can send over any wire!) and more and more pushy prompts to, say, move pictures and videos straight from the camera into the cloud. Along with pleas not to store the files I have in the system on my local computers (presumably so the transfer costs they pay are less). It’s exhausting.
I just want to pay for the original premise: All my files synched between all my computers, with a backup in the sky. That’s a beautifully, simply solution to a surprisingly difficult problem. And Dropbox absolutely nailed it.
Finished software

Back in its heyday, Dropbox was simple. A classic piece of software. Its purpose was to allow people to store and share files on the cloud effortlessly—either from a computer or mobile device. It was straightforward. Even its homepage was simple. There were no bells and whistles. It was designed to serve… a single purpose.
But as with VCware, things have started to shift gears. Amid Google Drive's popularity, the “drop-to-the-box” identity started to blur as the product offering expanded.. and expanded. It seemed like Dropbox’s purpose became more generic and less focused.
Another resentment that ignited a storm in the design community occurred when the company announced a brand redesign a few years ago. In a way that act marked the shift in the company’s direction, bringing unclarity to its customers. The cynicism of Brand New's audience also made its review post one of the most popular that year.
The novel idea that was executed so well has followed the same growth patterns of the tech bubble—as I wrote in Niche product design:

As companies grow, they gradually move from a state of fan-only to a state of a product for everyone. During this transition, dramatic changes occur, as the drive to satisfy more audiences and increase revenue. But eventually, this shift harms the core of the product. It becomes scattered, and the brand turns into a gigantic octopus, leaving people questioning its purpose and values.

An email client, a note-taking tool, and a Photos-like app are only part of what Dropbox has been involved with over the years.
Today Dropbox is seemingly much more than a storage cloud service. It’s also a video reviewer (if there’s such a term at all), a Loom competitor, and a document e-sign tool. However, at its core, Dropbox is still a company selling terabytes on the cloud.
Yet Dropbox might be just a drop in the ocean. A symptom of a bloated culture in modern software. To better understand this bloat-mania, let’s look at one of its kingpins, and a company of which Dropbox is valued at 0.003% of its worth: Apple. And what’s a better example than one of its greatest products of all time, the iPhone?
Launched in 2007, the innovative touch-screen device had only essential features like phone calls, and text messaging among other luxuries like a camera, an internet browser, a weather, and a stock app. The peak of technology at the time.
In 2008, a year after the first iPhone release, Apple introduced the App Store, which was the catalyst for entering the smartphone era while unleashing a tidal wave of apps.
Fast forward to 2014, and the iPhone got an upgrade in the form of a multi-model release, with the launch of the iPhone 6 Plus. The trend expanded and Apple gradually added different shapes and names to the iPhone line: Plus, Pro, Pro Max, alongside other discontinued model names. This doctrine has been applied to many of Apple’s products—the iPad, Macbook, and Watch. Some got bigger, smaller, or faster. In a materialized world, I wouldn’t be surprised if the iPhone got bigger only to store more functions.
But perhaps the greatest archetype of Apple’s transition to bloated products was the iPod. The next-level MP3 (or 4?) essence was simple—to carry music on the road. Nothing more. But then Apple gave the iPod a life of its own, as it eventually became an iPhone replication, just without a SIM card.
The iPod (especially the non-touch model) is still dear to many Apple (non-)fansbois. The beloved product was designed entirely around the music experience. Before music streaming services took over the industry, people manually entered song metadata: the title, artist name, and of course—the holy album artwork. The hurdles of iTunes made this a daunting task, but iPod users found joy in this craft.
As a standalone product, disconnected from other functions, the iPod was a true single-purpose product.

In more recent times

What would happen if Van Stapele decided to add more flavors or open other branches? Probably nothing. Maybe its profits even increase. But the Valrhona chocolate-made cookie store icon will be losing its artisanal identity. Specialty and quality aren't determined by size.
In a more familiar case, we can look no further than the platform that hosts these very own words—Substack. Since the announcement of Notes, Substackers have shared concerns about the direction the platform is heading.
Substack’s original purpose, to some, was to highlight great writing while making writers a living. Now with the seeming transition for eyeballs and short-form content attention, Substack is being questioned whether modern social network dynamics are taking over it.
To close this social network loop—Twitter has been a good executer at designing for a single purpose until it wasn’t, largely by the decision of going for a longform direction alongside launching questionable features. For years Twitter sanctified the quirky 140-then-280-characters limit while establishing a new internet medium. Those recent announcements made by its new execs are ripping off its identity, slowly but surely. By adding more purposes to this platform design, Substack risks going down a similar path, jeopardizing its writer's soul.

Drinking beers and building businesses in Japan

If I were raised in Japan I may not understand what this turmoil is all about. The renowned business heritage in Japan is an oasis in the never-ending capitalistic desert:

Japan’s startup climate has often been criticized for being sluggish, perhaps because a culture that promotes business longevity also cultivates a fear of failure. Now, however, ‘startup’ and ‘atotsugi’ are words spoken in the same sentence, as today’s leaders finally feel permitted to apply entrepreneurial lessons to traditional companies to ensure their legacy continues. Why Japan is home to the world’s oldest businesses

Japan is located on the other side of the earth, and its business culture values seem too. In a Western society of hyper-everything, which characterizes the move-fast-and-break-things startup ethos, the far island culture is way more cautious. Instead of financial logic, which might seem irrational, the ‘shinise’ tradition cultivates sacred values such as continuous improvement, longevity, and care for quality. It’s an extremely long-term game.

In Japan, more than 52,000 companies are more than a century old. Why Japan is home to the world’s oldest businesses

Japan is probably the largest home for centuries-old businesses, in varied fields from sake producers, to hotels and construction companies. This fact is much attributed to how generations of Japanese aspire to keep businesses running in the family. But as in the words of Yusuke Tsuen, the current owner of Tsuen Tea, the key to sustaining a shinise is to focus only on one thing:

“We’ve focused on tea and haven’t expanded the business too much,” he says. “That’s why we’re surviving.” Why so many of the world’s oldest companies are in Japan, Bryan Lufkin

In The Price of Immortality, Rohit Krishnan concluded the same:

The conclusion of this little digression has been to find common grounds amongst the most long lived organisations, and turns out you need to be a particular type of company: Extreme dedication to doing one thing well

But the Japanese business heritage isn’t the last and only resort from bloat-ism. The next time you drink beer, think about this:
Weihenstephan is considered to be the oldest brewery in the world, founded in 1040, more than a thousand years ago. And we don’t need to travel this far back. Other European breweries like Tuborg (1873) and Heineken (1864) are over 150 years old.
Van Honsebrouck, the brewery that produces the famous Kasteel Rouge was founded in 1865 and is still owned by the same family.

The brewery is still owned and operated by the family, now the seventh generation of van Honsebrouck brewers in Ingelmunster. James Clay

Breweries have developed more tastes and flavors over the years, but they’ve been all operating for a single purpose for decades and hundreds of years: to craft beers.

What might come next?

A real shinise is rare in tech. Focusing on a single purpose often seems boring, a narrowed view, or a lack of ambition to some. But I find it invigorating. A long-lasting design can be timeless and unique.
Do we really want to carry our stress, depression, and fears everywhere we go? Don’t we want to feel disconnected from time to time? Then why the heck do we carry our mobile phones everywhere we go, even to entertain ourselves in the toilet? And not to mention the germs.
Would this all happen if we were using a cell phone that’s just designed to make phone calls? This is actually what the Light Phone founders realized a decade ago:

What does it do? Nothing. You put in a SIM card, press a few buttons, and make a call. There’s no browser. No games. No NFC. It has quick dial, which is nice, and it doubles as a flashlight. The Light Phone Is The Anti-Smartphone, John Biggs

I may get carried away from the main idea of this essay, but that’s in part why I think designing for a single purpose is so important. The purpose of many products and artifacts has gone lost. Beyond the seeming gimmick, building for a single purpose reflects an understanding of what a thing is meant to be, and serve.
We’ve reached a point where focusing seems like spinning one's wheels, instead of appreciating the deep care of it.
And perhaps going back to basics is inevitable. When I’m reading on my Kindle I don’t get bothered by WhatsApp messages, or get interrupted by an incoming call. I’m not being tempted to do something else. I’m just focused on the act of reading.
As Devon tweeted a few years back: “When using my cellphone, I tend to become a passive consumer of the internet.” This also resonates well with the idea of this whole long text but from a slightly different angle. Using a multi-purpose product increases my distraction level, as I consume more things in the background.
Using a product that was designed for a single purpose brings back joy. It removes all the unnecessities and emphasizes an experience essence in a calmer environment, and with a real purpose.
Unlike photography, what you see is what you get.
​

"Estrogen Matters" by Avrum Bluming and Carol Tavris is a controversial book that questions conventional understanding about hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and menopause. Bluming, an oncologist, and Tavris, a social psychologist, suggest that the benefits of estrogen therapy for women have been generally misunderstood and underappreciated.
The book gives a comprehensive assessment of scientific studies on estrogen, stressing its good impact on women's health, particularly in reducing the risk of heart disease, osteoporosis, and Alzheimer's disease. Bluming and Tavris believe that anxieties around estrogen therapy, notably its alleged link to breast cancer, have been overblown and based on poor studies.
Through a rigorous assessment of epidemiological data and clinical trials, the authors urge for a more nuanced understanding of estrogen's function in women's health. They contend that many women have been unfairly denied the benefits of hormone therapy due to misinformation and fear-mongering.
While "Estrogen Matters" makes a persuasive argument in favor of estrogen therapy, it has aroused great disagreement within the medical community. Critics have raised concerns about the book's selective interpretation of data and potential conflicts of interest, as Bluming has served as a paid consultant for pharmaceutical companies manufacturing hormone therapy drugs.
Overall, "Estrogen Matters" presents a thought-provoking perspective on a contentious topic in women's health. While it may not sway all readers, it begs critical issues about the balance between prudence and opportunity in hormone therapy decisions. Readers are asked to approach the work with a critical eye and evaluate many opinions before reaching conclusions.
Free Audiobook with a free trial of Audible

This is a bit of a novel - this is your warning lol TLDR summary is at the end 😆
I've been mostly the optimist about this movie because I believe all the elements are truly in place for it to be great. I will be genuinely shocked if it's horrible.
HOWEVER, outside of the make up and looks, I think the most concerning things are the script and marketing. That said, I'm not THAT concerned, I'm just offering up a topic of discussion lol
There is a lot to cover with mj's life, we all know this. It's a great sign that the movie will have a long runtime. However, I'm beginning to realize this movie will be THE "source of truth" (whether that is fair or not) for almost everyone. When people in general say facts they learned about MJ, it'll be attributed to the biopic very likely. Just like The Jacksons An American Dream did (and continues to do), people have an idea of the childhood MJ had because of that movie. So I'm concerned that in an effort to get artsy and cover so much ground, liberties might be taken in some spots.
For instance, I don't want to see this dramatic build up of MJ "popping pills" in random moments, for no apparent reason, to foreshadow his death (it was my only complaint about MJ The Musical lol). IMO, that isn't the correct categorization of what happened and I think it's lazy to rope MJ in as "just another music star fiending for drugs." I really want them to go into the pain of the Pepsi burn, the painful medical treatments, the ongoing procedures and complications, the doctors involvement. I would love for them to really explore the ecosystem around MJ that led to what eventually happened (something that unfortunately happens to many people, not just celebrities - this dependence on pain meds due to legit physical medical issues).
I don't just want another regurgitation of "well MJ hated how he looked so it's up to interpretation why you think he changed so much." No. Let's go into that vitiligo diagnosis. The lupus diagnoses and the complications around that. Let's go into ALL the factors and how difficult it was back then to be a star with those issues.
I want people to leave the theater thinking MJs life was complicated, because it was, and whatever opinions they had or boxes they put MJ in were legitimately challenged.
The other thing is the marketing. I noticed when people talk about this possibly being the best biopic, they bring it up with titles like Rocket Man, Bohemian Rhapsody, Elvis. That made me realize that no one is talking about the Bob Marley movie. And didnt they do a Whitney Houston biopic?
The criticisms for both seem to be that they were both formulaic, that they were great for people who love the music but as far as everything else, it seemed hollow. I personally haven't seen all of these biopics except Bohemian Rhapsody, and while I did enjoy it - something about it felt above the surface. Too clean. One thing that makes The Jacksons An American Dream stand out against ALL the latest biopics, to me, is that everything about that movie seemed very intimate. You were inside that small house in gary WITH them. Not watching from a distance or watching a reenactment. I hope the mj biopic draws inspiration from that.
But back to the hollowness - imo, that came through in the marketing of the Bob Marley pic. I came across this comment that explains it perfectly: https://www.reddit.com/entertainment/s/zAczu0COwH
I don't know a lot about Bob Marley's life, but when I saw the trailers, it felt gimmicky to me. It's not like the actor didn't resemble Marley, but the colors felt very SATURATED and the look felt curated and every hair was in its place lol it didn't feel real.
So ALL this to say, in my humble opinion, jafaar looks great - everything looks promising but i hope there's emphasis on nuance (as much as possible) and realism. But what do you all think?
TLDR: outside of getting the looks right, a bigger concern might be about the substance of the movie. Does it FEEL real and not formulaic? Will people leave the theater having a deeper understanding of mj or just a shallow summary of his life with awesome performances peppered in (especially given that this will be the new "source of truth" for most people when it comes to mj)?

Mastering Thesis Writing and Editing
A Comprehensive Guide Completing a thesis is a significant milestone in many academic journeys, requiring diligent research, careful writing, and precise editing. Whether you're embarking on this task for a bachelor's, master's, or doctoral degree, effective thesis writing and editing are essential skills to master. This article will outline key steps and strategies to help you navigate this complex process successfully.
1. Understanding the Structure:
Before you begin writing, it's crucial to grasp the typical structure of a thesis:
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• Introduction: Clearly state your research question, objectives, and the significance of your study.
• Literature Review: summarise existing research relevant to your topic, identify gaps, and justify your study.
• Methodology: Explain how you conducted your research, including methods, materials, and data analysis techniques.
• Results: Present your findings objectively, using tables, graphs, or figures where appropriate.
• Discussion: Interpret your results, discussing their implications and how they contribute to existing knowledge.
• Conclusion: summarise key findings and limitations and suggest avenues for future research.

2. Research and Planning:
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• Choose a topic: Select a topic that interests you and is feasible given the available resources and time.
• Conduct thorough research: gather relevant literature and primary data. Keep detailed notes and properly cite sources.
• Create a timeline. Establish milestones for each chapter and allocate sufficient time for research, writing, and revisions.

3. Writing the thesis:
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• Start Early: Begin writing as soon as possible, even if it's rough. This will help you clarify your ideas and identify gaps in your research.
• Be Clear and Concise: Use formal academic language and avoid unnecessary jargon. Present complex ideas logically.
• Stay Focused: Ensure each chapter contributes directly to answering your research question.
• Cite Properly: Follow the citation style recommended by your institution consistently throughout your thesis.

4. Editing and revising:
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• Take breaks: Step away from your thesis periodically to maintain a fresh perspective.
• Seek feedback: Share your drafts with peers, professors, or writing centres for constructive criticism.
• Revise Structure: Ensure a logical flow between chapters and sections. Trim unnecessary content.
• Check for consistency: Review formatting, citation style, and terminology for consistency.

5. Finalising Your Thesis:
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• Proofread thoroughly. Look for typos, grammatical errors, and formatting issues.
• Format Correctly: Adhere to your institution's guidelines for margins, fonts, and page numbering.
• Prepare for Defence: Anticipate questions based on your thesis and practice your defence.

6. Tools and Resources:
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• Reference Management Software: Use tools like Zotero, EndNote, or Mendeley to organise and cite sources.
• Writing Assistance Tools: Consider using Grammarly or Hemingway Editor to refine your writing.

7. Managing stress:
Writing a thesis can be challenging, but maintaining a healthy work-life balance is essential. Here are a few tips:
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• Set realistic goals: Break the task into manageable chunks.
• Take breaks: Engage in activities that relax and rejuvenate you.
• Seek Support: Talk to friends, family, or mentors about your progress and challenges.

By following these steps and strategies, you'll be well-equipped to undertake the journey of thesis writing and editing successfully. Remember, perseverance and attention to detail are key to producing a high-quality thesis that contributes meaningfully to your field of study.
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Unveiling the World of Journal Papers: A Guide for the Curious
In the realm of academia, one of the most vital and prestigious forms of scholarly communication is the journal paper. These papers encapsulate cutting-edge research, critical insights, and profound discoveries within diverse fields of study, ranging from physics to psychology and biology to business. For those new to this sphere or simply curious about the inner workings of academic publishing, delving into the world of journal papers can be both enlightening and rewarding.
Understanding journal papers
Journal papers, often referred to simply as "papers" or "articles," are formal documents that communicate original research findings or reviews of existing research. They serve as a means for researchers to share their work with the global academic community, contributing to the collective advancement of knowledge. These papers undergo a rigorous process of peer review, where experts in the field critically evaluate the research before publication.
Anatomy of a Journal Paper
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1. Title and Abstract: The paper begins with a concise title that reflects the study's focus. An abstract follows, summarising the paper's objectives, methods, results, and conclusions.
2. Introduction: This section outlines the context and significance of the research, presenting the problem statement and the research questions or hypotheses.
3. Literature Review: Researchers provide a comprehensive review of existing studies relevant to their research topic, highlighting gaps that their study aims to address.
4. Methodology: Details of the research design, methods, data collection, and analysis procedures are presented to enable replication and validation of the findings.
5. Results: The outcomes of the study are presented objectively, often using tables, figures, and statistical analyses.
6. Discussion: The authors interpret the results in the context of existing literature, discuss implications, and suggest future research directions.
7. Conclusion: The paper concludes by summarising key findings and reiterating the study's significance.

Peer Review Process
Before publication, journal papers undergo peer review to ensure quality and validity. Experts in the field critically evaluate the paper's methodology, analysis, and conclusions. Feedback from reviewers helps authors improve their work and ensures that only high-quality research reaches publication.
The importance of journal papers
Journal papers play a pivotal role in advancing knowledge and driving innovation. They provide a platform for researchers to disseminate their findings, stimulate scientific discourse, and inspire further investigation. Moreover, publication in reputable journals enhances researchers' credibility and contributes to their professional development.
Navigating the World of Journal Papers
For those interested in exploring journal papers, several avenues exist:
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1. Online Databases: Platforms like PubMed, JSTOR, and Google Scholar host vast repositories of journal papers across disciplines.
2. University Libraries: Academic institutions provide access to journals through subscriptions, granting students and researchers opportunities to explore scholarly literature.
3. Conferences and Workshops: Attending academic conferences allows participants to engage with researchers and discover the latest developments in their fields.
4. Social Media and Blogs: Academic communities on platforms like Twitter and academic blogs often discuss and share notable journal papers.

Final Thoughts
Journal papers represent the lifeblood of academic discourse and innovation. They embody the pursuit of knowledge, the quest for understanding, and the collaborative spirit of researchers worldwide. For those embarking on a journey through the vast landscape of scholarly publishing, journal papers offer an invaluable gateway to the frontiers of human knowledge. In closing, let us embrace the curiosity that drives us to explore, question, and discover. Journal papers stand as beacons of intellect, guiding us towards new horizons and inspiring the next generation of scholars.
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Try to get a job in high school, even if it's like 10hrs a week. Work at an ice cream place, supermarket, reffing/umpiring your favorite sport, whatever, just get some money in the bank. Food service is pretty mentally exhausting but you can make good money too, so keep that in mind. Also start a brokerage account and get some investments going.
Do something physically active. Doesn't matter if it's a hobby or exercise or whatever, you just don't wanna end up being the one person who isn't athletic or healthy. Play a sport in HS for a couple years or just walk a couple miles a day.
Applying to colleges isn't that hard, ask your English teachers for advice on application essays. Embellish things cause no one is gonna ask you about it, but don't straight up lie.
College is way easier than HS imo. Way less time spent in class, no one is trying to talk over the teacher, everyone is much better behaved. Also you can do whatever you want in most classes, as long as it's not disruptive. This comes with the fact that you'll need to be more responsible and set your own schedule when it comes to getting work done. So I would recommend getting the first few homework assignments for classes during each semester done the weekend after they're assigned, just to see what kinda time table you'll be working with. Some classes have 15 minutes of HW some classes have 3 hours of HW, this is good to know before the day it's due.
Furthermore, when you're give like 3 weeks to get a report or project or something done, it's usually cause they expect you to take 3 weeks to work on it. Make sure to not fall behind.
If you are falling behind, notify professors ahead of time, not after it's due. If you send an email 4-5 days before some homework is due, and explain that you have a lot of tests that week and would like an extension, they'll usually give it to you. This is one scenario where asking for permission is a lot easier than asking for forgiveness.
GET AN INTERNSHIP OR EXPERIENCE ASAP This is very important for getting a real job. GPA is important, but nowhere near as important as real experience, I've asked this in all my interviews and all of them had that answer. Use whatever family/friend connections you have, go to careejob fairs on campus, do whatever you can. Also start applying for this stuff in the fall, that's when hiring happens. Freshman summer you probably won't get anything unless you know someone, so don't feel discouraged if that's the case. Joining clubs related to your major where you actually do shit related to real work experience is huge for that first internship. (I'm a mechanical engineering major so if you're in engineering or thinking about it and got questions I gotchu). Meeting your professors and getting to know them better can also help get you an internship somewhere, via recommendation at their old companies or via their connections.
When you go get interviews, at the end ask what you can improve upon in your interviewing skills, they know it's your first time and will be more than willing to give you constructive criticism. Also ask them about your resume and if they think you could make it better. These people are the ones hiring, so they can tell you best what they want.
Finals week is cramming week for everyone, that's just how it is when you need to take 5 exams over the course of 3 days or something dumb like that. Main thing to do this week is actually get sleep so that you're fine for the exams and don't sleep thru anything, as well as knowing when it's ok to take a break, and then actually taking a break. If you're trying to study and going between TV, reddit, and studying all at the same time, it's counterproductive. You feel like you're doing work and not resting, but you're not really getting anything done. Take an hour or so to actually take a break and get away from the studying.
If you have questions about how to make friends on campus, I'm not your guy. I like doing a lot of solo things and I don't want to put time into hanging out with other people. I've always heard joining clubs is the best way tho. Getting on campus jobs during the school year is also a good way, because then they're forced to talk to you no matter how much your personality sucks.
This next thing heavily depends on your campus, but try to bike or bus around campus. Some are small enough to walk but others are big enough to take you 20 minutes to go between buildings that aren't even opposite sides of campus. Biking pretty much cuts everything done to under 10 minutes even if you're not riding that fast.
Do your best to schedule classes at a convenient time and locations. If you have the option to get two classes back to back in the same building that's usually pretty nice. Main reason for this is that you're gonna have to go between buildings regardless of the weather, so on rainy days the less time spent outside the better.
I liked to have one notebook for lectures and one notebook for HW/Labs, but everyone's different. I felt writing down the notes to review later was the best way for me to learn, but other people like iPads or tablets or whatever. Most professors post their notes online, but I feel like just using those all the time will lead to you being lazy and you won't learn as well.
Libgen.com and associates are the goats of free textbooks and other books. You'll probably never even use the actual textbook for most classes which is why buying it isn't worth it. Some classes you'll be required to buy the e-textbook since there's HW assigned thru it online cause the professor didn't want to write and grade their own. Some of these online course purchases will seem like they only exist for the professor to get a kickback, which they probably do.
Some courses offered are pretty fun, like I'm taking a class that's literally just golf twice a week in the fall. Try to take some of those, they're fun and easy. You'll end up taking almost all major related classes your last 3 or 4 semesters, depending on your major and whether or not you're on track to graduate in 4 years. You'll also want to squeeze in your general education classes where they fit.
TAKE AP CLASSES. It's like $100 for anywhere from 3-7 credits usually, which for college is like thousands of dollars. You get 15 credits from AP and shave a semester off, you're saving like 15-20 grand (tuition and room and board). You'll need to check your college you're planning on attending to see their AP credit transfer, some require certain scores and some don't even take certain APs.
Additional info: (not yet included)

Hello everyone,
My name is Kika and I’m currently doing research on a topic that might interest you: interpretations of The Matrix. Certain mechanisms that this science fiction film shows are perhaps more in line with our world than one would initially think. How are the fictional and the real related?
If you, like Neo in The Matrix, think critically about various developments in society and question mainstream knowledge and reporting, I would like to discuss this with you in the form of an interview. This interview will take place online, lasts up to one hour and is completely anonymous.
If you are interested or have any questions, don’t hesitate to contact me through a chat or direct message!
Warm regards,
Kika

(alright mods, I made it more readable, now please let me share)
***(line break because reddit)
I don't think that Drake should've have released that version of the heart part 6. He should have waited till his mind was more clear about how to handle this tense situation. Not saying it was trash, but it could've been better. But props for cooking so fast.
*****(line break)
The Heart part 6 message
The version that he should've released should've been about schooling kendrick about the growth that he has made as a person over the last few years. Drake has really changed as a person in the public eye dude is always smiling and posting memes. He should've also criticised Kendrick's words/actions.
*****(line break)
Stuff such as:

• How he stepped up and became a better father to Adonis throughout all the hate and criticism. (Adonis never speaks badly about his father, socially or publicly)
• He's now more lighthearted about things and a much nicelikeable person compared to the past. (Look at the memes, the dad-joke IG posts, fan interactions and his accents e.g "Trust me daddy" , "Drake is the type of guy..." , "Jeez Louise", "Embarrassing"...).
• Drake is now more open about himself e.g Lil Yatchy interview. He didn't need to sell people an album talking about his growth, because we are all watching it in real time. The same can't be said about Kendrick. -He has put so many upcoming/lesser known rappers on the game (Durk and Thug have backed this up publicly) while Kendrick hasn't really done that as much (how many lesser known rappers have you seen Kendrick put on?).

*****(line break)

• It's okay to like different music from different genres and cultures, but it's being a culture vulture whenever you try to make music around them. Isn't he an artist, why limit his creativity? The people and cultures that he works with on those collabs also benefit from his success. I don't think that many people care, don't we all just want good music. (e.g Black Coffee got nothing but praise from his home country when he collabed with Drake, and the two seem to keep in touch on good terms. The news even talked about Drake giving Black Coffee his flowers when won his first Grammy award later in his career...many years after their first collab). (e.g Lil Durk said that he started making more money on shows after collabing with Drake).

*****(line break)

• Kendrick is not really replying in this beef, he's keeps shifting the narrative onto Drake e.g "lets see the splits?" vs "shows yours first and I'll double down.", as well not doubling down on the 11 year old daughter claims. (Drake even welcomed the idea, and said that they can reveal her with zero hesitation. I don't see Kendrick being this confident about his fiancé)

*****(line break)

• How is Kendrick a better mentofather figure to his child (we barely see him interact with his family, but Drake is always shown a positive way around Adonis whether its online or real life). Reminder that Kendrick is so mature that he made the whole west coast dance over song calling someone a pedophile? I hope that he can be proud of that fact, and that he has the receipts to back up his claims, and that he stops trying to avoid answering Drake's claims ("the next one is really about to bring out the coward in you").

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• Are you still the biggest hippocrite of 2016?
• You're the one claiming that you don't have a single drop of hate in your blood, but you're out here disrespecting my entire family, while I'm trying to save yours.
• You're the one accusing me of having sex offenders in my circle, yet you forget who say you look up to and have worked with throughout your entire career.
  
• How many women have you disrespected in your lyrics (calling them bitches almost all the time) compared to me.
  
• How many times will you beef with people just to promote your albums? (Drake barely leaves the music scene and there's still buzz/hype around him, however Kendrick only gets that luxury whenever he's missed if I'm honest.)
  
• How many times will you use God's image to sell your show's and not admit your album tanked? (this one is a stretch because God's plan exists)
  
• You liked it when I recieved my artist of the decade award (on twitter), mr Pulitzer prize winner...But you say that you hate me? ("I'm Bipolar but today I choose violence")...sounds like you need to get back to therapy lil bro (short joke, self-insert).
  
• How times are you gonna contradict yourself in your own lyrics?
  
• How many times are you going to write "choose your own adventure lines" instead of being direct, so that your fans stop reaching for and saving you when they do backfire (Kendrick says a alot of vague stuff, and only doubles down on them whenever they become true after a while by some coincidence, if not then we just interpreted him incorrectly. Real honest Kendrick fans know this).
  
• I'm at a height where I am at peace with my life and I now got money to blow on stuff I don't care about without it causing financial problems. ("Fuck a Phantom, I like to buy yachts when I get the fever" - Kendrick) meanwhile ("I'm blamin' you for all his gamblin' addictions" - Also Kendrick).
  

These one is nonsense: - You claimed to be a sex addict on your last album, went to therapy and got better...you never said that you changed (I'm be wrong, I forgot about mr morale so fact check me and ignore this one).
Summary: We don't have more dirt to throw, but we atleast still have the truth (I'm hoping). I'm not intelligent, not good at English and I wrote this all in the span of 20mins without much thought, so I'm open to criticism and downvotes.

Introduction
In a crowded education environment, the IB programme is distinguishable due to its demanding and comprehensive curriculum. Among the different subjects provided, IB Math plays a special role, demanding the students to understand the concepts in many aspects and apply the skills of critical thinking and problem solving. The Ib math tuition in Singapore, where academic excellence is highly appreciated, is positioned to assist the students to maneuver through the complex mathematics syllabus and achieve their desired academic level.
Unlocking Mathematical Mastery: Navigating Concepts, Techniques, and Reasoning in IB Mathematics
IB Math curriculum is aimed to make learners familiar with key concepts, provide working situations for mathematical techniques and develop their mathematical reasoning. Divided into four courses - Mathematics: The course deals with different categories which are Higher Level (HL), Standard level (SL), and Applications and Interpretation- Mathematics. It is therefore entertaining to students having different interests, strengths, and career moves.
Difficulties of IB Math Students
Undeniably, the course brings up several difficulties for students, despite its importance. It takes a lot in order for a student to be able to master what is being taught which includes comprehending less concrete concepts, using mathematical principles when solving real-world problems, and effectively problem-solving. Students also complain that the rate at which the IB Math course is taught is often not in alignment with the ways in which they learn, which can hinder their understanding of the concepts and affect the way they perceive themselves as learners.
The Role of IB Math Tuition
IB Math study helps in Singapore that works as a desirable instrument for students in search of extra help and assistance in their mathematical endeavor. By having tutors who have not only broad knowledge in the IB curriculum and its delicacies but also experienced, tuition centers manage to provide one-on-one attention, customized lesson plans and the practice materials that enable their students to focus or target their needed points of development and learning objectives.
Benefits of IB Math Tuition
IB Math tuition offers personalized attention, clarifies complex concepts, and enhances problem-solving skills. Experienced tutors provide tailored guidance, addressing individual learning gaps. It fosters confidence, boosts exam performance, and ensures comprehensive understanding of the IB curriculum. Additionally, it cultivates critical thinking and analytical abilities, laying a solid foundation for future academic pursuits.
Conceptual Clarity
Among the special features of the Ib math center Singapore is its emphasis on the creation of a solid base of mathematical concepts underscoring the need for full comprehension of the basic principles before engaging in advanced ones. Tutors use different techniques such as monologues, examples and interactive sessions to explain their points, guide students to the right direction, remove the confusion, and provide them with confidence and precision in solving problems.
Individualized Support
In sharp contrast to normal classroom set up, IB Math tuition provides to the students a one-on-one spotlighting, which gives tutors the opportunity to identify the student’s strengths, weaknesses, and special learning capabilities. The tutor is able to tackle these areas by formulating individual teaching techniques and specially designed exercises which make the student use his fullest potential and to be a top performer in his IB Math exams.
Exam Preparation
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Conclusion
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I'm told women want a man who knows what he wants, so here's the whole nine yards. If there is anything here that you are not willing to accept, then don't. You will not change me now or years down the line. Obviously I intend to grow and mature (as one ought to), but I have decided who I am and what I want out of a relationship.
I am looking for a woman that I can make a permanent covenant bond with; I have no interest in flings or "long-term relationships."
I don't intend to come across as bitter or angry with any of this, just clear and up-front. It makes things easier for both of us.
A bit about me:
My faith in Christ is paramount in my life. I would not be where I am without him. In taking interests in various things, I've learned a lot about God's character and design. Each new thing I learn fills me with more worship of him and wonder at his works. It is very important to me that you share this admiration of God.
I have a full-time job that I am very satisfied with, but what I feel truly passionate about is art and storytelling. To be honest, I've hit a bit of a block lately as far as my output. But I've been trying to find my feet so I can make something valuable to share with the world. I think that art and stories are a fundamental part of being human, not just a luxury. So pretty much any kind of art will spark passion in me, be it music, cinema, video games, literature, video essay, sculpture, etc. I could go back and forth for hours on a lot of things. My hope is that you and I will be able to enjoy art together and create some of our own.
I frequently spend time with another gentleman from my Church and we enjoy conversations about personal projects and contemporary issues, along with walks along beaches and park trails. He is a very important friend in my life, and I am lucky to know such a kind soul. Things aren't well with my family, so I really need that kind of presence.
While I rely on my bicycle for transport (no car), it's not a problem for me. I've been riding bikes since I was in elementary school (maybe even before). It would be really nice to ride down some trails with you.
What I expect from you:
-You need to be a follower of Jesus Christ. God needs to be an active part of your life because I intend to raise our children under Biblical values.
-You need hobbies and interests apart from me. I'm fine with helping you find things you like.
-You need to have no mileage.
-You must be humble and respectful. "Boss babe" attitudes are not attractive to me.
-You cannot have any tattoos or piercings.
-No cosmetic products. It's not good for your body and I am attracted women, not makeup. This includes fake nails and fake eyelashes. I don't need you to look "pretty." You character is more important to me.
-Related to the previous, no use of image filters in photos. I do not like the type of people who are vain and vapid enough to feel the need to use filters on their photos.
-Again related to the previous, you need to have a limited social media presence. If you have a business or post something of value (like art, for example), then I have no problem. What I'm talking about is having an Instagram or Facebook account where you make random posts to nobody in particular to "update" the internet on your life or post tons of pictures of yourself online. Basing your self-worth on the comments and likes from strangers on the internet is unhealthy, and I find people's obsessive need to take pictures of themselves very unattractive and vain.
-If we marry, I expect you to be fully submissive to me. There can't be two leaders in a household because one will have to submit to the other.
-I expect you to view marriage as something that you put work into. Marriages are a team effort, so I expect you to be a help meet.
-You need to treat me like a partner, not an adversary. Getting into arguments and nagging me helps neither of us. You must have conflict-resolution skills and a solution mindset.
-You need excellent communication skills. This means understanding yourself, putting your thoughts into words other people can understand, and verbalizing things rather than expecting me to read your thoughts.
-You cannot play games with me. Telling me about other guys to make me jealous or planning dates for specific days to pressure me into committing to you are wicked and manipulative.
-While we are dating, you cannot have a "backup plan." I expect you to not be splitting your attention between me and other men. This includes spending time outside of work with other men (family excluded).
-You must be in shape. Don't be dishonest with yourself about your weight; check your BMI. This includes being underweight, anorexic, and bulimic.
-You cannot have taken any COVID-19 vaccinations from any provider.
-No smoking, drugs, or drunkenness.
-I expect you to completely renounce fast food if we date or marry. We will never feed our children McDonald's.
What you can expect from me:
-While we are dating, I will not be speaking to other women.
-I cannot meet your height, money, or attractiveness expectations. I am simply an average dude. I am critical, abstract, and imaginative in my thinking though.
-I will not ask you to do something that is unreasonable or demeaning. I will only ask of you what I expect from myself. No relationship is going to be 50/50 100% of the time, but I will put forth the effort I am able to. I expect the same out of you.
-I will not raise my hand against you. My hands will be a safe place for you.
-I will be available to listen to your troubles and help you bear through them.
-I will not demean you or humiliate you, whether or not you are in the room.
-I will show leadership in our house and exercise restraint with a mild temper.
-I will cherish you and treat you as my own body.
-I will devote myself to displaying my love for you in a language you understand, even if I am feeling distant from you because of troubles we face. I expect the same from you.
-I will not turn to another woman and betray you.
-I intend to keep every promise that I make with you.
-I will treat our children with patience and kindness, but diligently discipline them and instruct them appropriately.
Please tell me a bit about yourself and what you expect out of a relationship, but be practical and clear. A list of platitudes like "loyal, honest, etc" does not help me understand what you're looking for. Think about what your expectations look like in a tangible, everyday way.

Hey I think i'm cooked for dbq part of euro exam, my teacher has given us one practice the whole year and i feel hella unprepared. I got the docs from college board frq set 1 Prompt: Evaluate whether romanticism maintained a connection to the enlightenment or challenged the enlightenment.
Romanticism was a liberal movement that developed in a challenging response to the enlightenment through the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Before this, enlightenment ideas were made up of all scientific studies in the 1600 and 1700s with the upcoming methods of empiricism and inductive reasoning. These scientists like Isaac Newton, Tyche Bach, and Galileo wrote the basis of all worldly matter with reasoning that began to contribute to the industrial revolution. However, many liberal and radical thinkers and especially artists soon became weary of this type of perspective in the world and society. Instead they thought to look at the world through another lens, one without any reasoning but instead with a simple, freer mind, liberated from scientific evidence or analysis. The romantic movement brought up many artists and writers at the time who expressed their thoughts on the enlightenment and its impact. An important writer who contributed to this was Percy Bysshe Shelley, who wrote romantic poetry and novels, defacing and ignoring enlightenment ideals. The concept that the mind was not something that could be studied nor concluded to a scientific claim was one of Shelley’s arguments pushing for romanticism. Poetry was similar to this in the sense that there was no way to explain the yearn for this type of writing form (Doc 5). This way of thinking is the basis that Georg Philipp Friedrich, a romantic philosopher, holds when speaking of nature and experimenting. Georg challenged these enlightened views by disregarding this fact and supports the theory that nature will help with intellect than any scientific min His excerpts from ‘Notes for a Romantic Encyclopedia,’ holds his understanding that nature is a combination of many forces acting on each other, such as reasoning, experiments, and details to art, something of which cannot be explained through words, but rather through feelings (Doc 2). This greatly differs from enlightenment views of thinking, where everything is analytical and has no connection to emotions. This romanticism stems from frustration with modern life and the movement towards an industrialized society, plagued with enlightened innovations. William Wordsworth, a highly popular British poet who specializes in romanticism, also shows his support against this modern society in this writing, ‘The Tables Turned.’ He discussed in form or poetry, his anger with this societal pressure to consume knowledge and the consequences it brings so instead he turns to nature, to live life to the fullest without any worries concerning science and education (Doc1). A big topic he brings up is the dark side of the enlightenment, the dissections, immoral experiments and harsh realities that society faces due to these ideas. This explains the reason why his writing is popularized among many liberal westerners, especially those who saw first hand the power of those destructions. The enlightenment faced lots of backlash by non-conformers, liberals and radicals who challenged the works of Sir Isaac Newton. One of these was famous Italian artist, Pelagio Palagi, who illustrated the hypocrisy of Newton’s critical thinking (Doc 6). Although Newton promoted his scientific studies through empirical and mathematical thinking, Palagi paints Newton’s ironic discovery of the refraction of light, which he found by a rather romanticist way. The painting makes a show of the necessity of nature and that something as simple as a child blowing bubbles, could show a person the truths of the world. Another ironic event that Newton is famous for, is the apple falling onto his head, which also promotes the need to simply look to nature, to solve the complexities of the world. Another example of the critiques that Newton got was from Samuel Taylor Coleridge, a British Romantic Poet, whose opinion on Newton's discoveries are harsh compared to Palagi’s, but with the same points. Stemming from what the painting symbolized, Coleridge writes how Newton’s work is all false due to the simplicity and quality of it (Doc 3). Coleridge’s idea explains that the world and nature around it is so complex and detailed, that to analyze it in the way Newton did, would be to belittle mother nature herself and shows the lack of attention enlightenment thinkers grasp. Coleridge continues to read on Newton’s works despite his negative opinion on it, to even further explain his statement of Newton’s wrong interpretation of the world. An author who would agree with Coleridge’s writing is Mary Shelley, a British Romantic writer. In her writings of her world renowned classic, ‘Frankenstein,’ she explains Victor, a scientist in the story, who ventures farther from enlightenment thinking and instead looks toward the outside world and nature, to learn(Doc 4). He strays away from the traditional normal way of thinking, and challenges Isaac Newton’s and his professors, to instead uncover the truth of nature and what it could provide to him instead, as a scientist. The rise of urbanization and industrialization, particularly in Britain, due to enlightenment thought is what ultimately contributed to the romanticism movement, one that challenges society and looks to the complexities of nature with all its emotions and colors, instead of the black and white truths that the enlightenment gave to the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.