Scholarships for german descendants

PennsylvaniaDutch

2019.07.09 04:37 InternetOligarch PennsylvaniaDutch

A community for the Pennsylvania Dutch, a cultural group formed by early German-speaking immigrants to Pennsylvania and their descendants. These descendants primarily settled in the United States in Southeastern and in Pennsylvania Dutch Country, a large area that includes South Central Pennsylvania, in the area stretching in an arc from Bethlehem and Allentown through Reading, Lebanon, and Lancaster to York and Chambersburg.
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2017.02.16 22:31 The_Barbara

ABOLISH MAGNA CARTA, REINSTATE MONARCHY.
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2024.05.19 03:46 a_HerculePoirot_fan SPM 2023 Results Megathread (Check pinned comment for a list of 50 Nyets who have volunteered to answer any career enquiries regarding different fields/areas)

This thread is for all SPM related discussions, may it be results, universities, courses etc. The intention is to help school leavers talk about the SPM in one central spot on the subreddit.
For both public school and private SPM candidates, you can check your results online at myresultspm.moe.gov.my or retrieve via SMS by sending SPM < space> IC number Examination number (Angka giliran) to 15888. Example: SPM 000527031234 WY189A123
Mental health resources
Links to relevant post-SPM posts
For young Nyets who are interested in TVET (Pendidikan Teknikal Dan Latihan Vokasional):
Education Fair Dates
Free courses to explore new/existing interest:
Volunteering/internship after SPM:
  • Kechara Soup Kitchen [Link]
  • SPCA Selangor Link
  • MNS (Persatuan Pencinta Alam Malaysia) [Link]
  • WWF Malaysia Link
  • MyKasih Link
  • Free Tree SocietyLink
  • AIESEX Link
General Scholarship info links
Fully Sponsored Overseas Scholarships
The moderation team will be removing any SPM-related posts - please share your advice threads, rants, and memes on , on the Daily Discussion Thread, or in this post.
submitted by a_HerculePoirot_fan to malaysia [link] [comments]

2024.05.18 17:34 Lower_Individual8319 WAMC?!

Just trying to finalize my list before May 28th submission. Thank you so much!!
2024-25 cycle White Male Oregonian (Portland) c/sGPA: 4.0 514 (131 127 129 127)
ECs: 652 hours as caregiver at assisted living facility (780 by end of job duration) 100 hours of clinical volunteering (75 in hospice setting) ~40 hours as Bilingual Crisis Text Line volunteer (will have 210 by end of application cycle) 600 hours of muscle physiology lab research (honors thesis + American Physiological Society Local Undergraduate Research Award in Physiology) - Multiple presentations / posters 50 hours of clinical shadowing (ER, surgery, primary care, hospitalist) 25 hours of fraternity scholarship chair (one semester) 50 hours of private German tutor 2019-20 founder and president of university's Model UN club 4 years of athlete on alpine ski team Eagle Scout 2022 Vice President for Research and Innovation (VPRI) Undergraduate Fellowship
schools: OHSU Hofstra Mt. Sinai UCSF Mayo Colorado UA Phoenix UCSD Dartmouth USC UCLA Maryland Miami OSU NOVA MD Virginia C. MC Wisconsin Western MI Eastern Virginia Vermont Quinnipiac Wake Forest SUNY Downstate UA Tuscon George Washington Indiana NYMC Einstein Kaiser
submitted by Lower_Individual8319 to premed [link] [comments]

2024.05.18 15:04 Hewholooksskyward Time, and Time Again - Chapter 4

First I Previous
Chapter 4
The days and weeks that followed were a whirlwind of activity. There was so much to learn; history, both Earth’s future, and the war against the Satura, science and modern technology, much of which Mike struggled to grasp, as well as more mundane tasks like requesting information from the “computer”, and creating items with something called a “replicator”. He went to bed exhausted, his mind bursting with new knowledge, while his nights were restless, filled with nightmares of the past and future. Both Vargas and Amélie were patient with him, but there was an undercurrent of urgency impossible to ignore. He recognized its source all too well.
They were worried an attack was coming and were desperately trying to prepare him for when it did, but it was also obvious they feared it would happen before he was ready. He buckled down, pushing himself even harder, but they all knew the clock was ticking.
Three weeks after his arrival, a blaring alarm roused him from his fitful slumber, sending him staggering towards its source. The others were already there, huddled over the computer’s display, with worried expressions evident on their faces.
“What’s going on?” he asked, rubbing the sleep from his eyes.
“Temporal incursion,” Vargas informed him, “attempting to trace its source now.”
He glanced over at Amélie. “The enemy?”
“Oui,” she nodded, her eyes never leaving the screen.
The long hours of instruction allowed him to follow the highlights, if not the details. Through the commander’s efforts, he finally pinpointed the location of the enemy’s attack. “May 14th, 1840,” he said at last, “in London, England.”
“What’s happening in London?” Delany asked in confusion.
“I don’t know yet,” he said, irritated. “I’m still trying to trace its effects. There’s a lot of interference going on here.” A sharp intake of breath betrayed Amélie’s distress at the news.
“I take it that’s not a good sign,” Mike said quietly.
“No, it is not,” she agreed. “Interference is caused by changes to the timeline. The more interference, the greater the change. Our only hope, then, is to trace the distortion to its source. If we can isolate where the timeline first diverges, we may be able to prevent it.”
“And if we can’t?”
Amélie shuddered. “I do not know,” she whispered.
The pair watched in earnest while Vargas worked to clear up the data. As the information finally came into focus, he winced and looked away. “Fuck,” he swore under his breath.
“What?” Mike demanded.
“Queen Victoria,” he grimaced. “Both she and Prince Albert were assassinated before they produced an heir. No wonder the temporal plot is such a fucking disaster.” He looked closer, reading the details as they emerged from the computer. “With their deaths, next in line for the throne was Ernest Augustus, King of Hannover.” He shook his head, turning to face them both. “This is very disturbing news.”
“Why?” Delany asked him. “I mean, I know she was important and all, but England’s had lots of kings. Why does this make such a big difference?”
“Half of Europe’s royal families are descended from Victoria and Albert, or married into their family!” he exclaimed. “The Romanovs in Russia, the Kaiser in Germany, the kings and queens of Spain, Denmark, Norway, Greece, and Sweden? The entire map of Europe would be irrevocably altered, and that’s not even the worst of it.”
“Mon Dieu,” Amélie said in horror. “A German king, sitting upon the English throne.”
Vargas nodded in agreement. “Imagine how the First and Second World Wars would have played out, with Great Britain aligned with Germany, instead of the Allies. Imagine if Churchill couldn't rally the British people, and the American forces couldn't be based in England prior to the invasion. How would history have unfolded then, Sergeant?”
His mind whirled at the grim reality they just laid out for him. “The fascists would control all of Europe,” he said in shock.
“Not just Europe,” Vargas disagreed. “Let’s not forget the Japanese. Without the British and Dutch interfering with their plans, they would have free rein in Asia.”
“Wait a second,” Mike argued, holding up his hands, “you’re forgetting about America.”
“No, I'm not,” he said quietly. “Before Pearl Harbor, America was staunchly isolationist. Hell, I doubt I need to tell you that,” he snorted. “After all, you saw it with your own two eyes.”
“Yeah,” Mike said quietly. “I mean, there were a few folks that wanted to get involved, like the ones who went north to Canada to join up.”
“Yes… let’s not forget about Canada,” the commander said darkly. “A nation that shares our longest border, allied with a fascist England. America would be surrounded, isolated… and alone. How long do you think we could survive against the entire world?”
He couldn’t imagine a worse future. “We have to stop this,” he said fervently. “Tell me there’s a way we can prevent all that from happening.”
“There is,” he said with determination. “You and Amélie have to go back to 1840, and prevent the assassination.”
“Me?” Mike shook his head. “You should go, not me. You have a lot more experience than I do. I still don’t understand any of this shit!”
“I can’t go,” the commander argued. “That’s right at the edge of my Temporal Limit. But you’ll have Amélie to guide you… after all, this is her era we’re talking about. She knows it better than anyone. The replicator will provide you with period clothing, weapons, whatever you need.” He put a hand on Mike’s shoulder. “You can do this. I have faith in you.”
It wasn’t as if he hadn’t been on more dangerous missions before. “All right,” he said at last, “but how do we pinpoint the assassin? If we’re forced to wait until he commits, that could be too late.”
“If it were one of the Satura in disguise, we could easily track them,” Vargas explained, “but they prefer to use cutouts and cat’s paws. Our assassin is most likely someone they bribed or radicalized against the monarchy, which makes our job that much harder. However, I think I have something that will help you.” He smiled and pointed them toward the replicator. “Come on… time to get you both geared up.”
“... there,” Vargas said at last, “I think that should just about do it.” He gave Delany a final once-over. “It looks good on you,” he said in approval.
Mike turned and stared dubiously at his reflection in the mirror. He looked like an escapee from a Dickens novel. It wasn’t too bad. The trousers and jacket may have had an odd cut to them, from his perspective, but they were manageable. The shirt collar, on the other hand…
"Non,” Amélie chastised, swatting him with her handheld fan, “leave it alone. Tugging at the collar like that will brand you an imposter.” She wore a long printed dress, with ruffles and petticoats, like one of the sisters from “Little Women”.
“It itches,” he complained, pulling at it once more.
The Frenchwoman glared at him. “Perhaps you would prefer wearing my corset?” she snapped.
Delany swallowed. “Forget I said anything.”
“Here,” the commander continued, as he handed over the rest of their gear. “A Colt Paterson revolver, cut down to make it easier to conceal.” Mike took the weapon and tucked it inside his coat. “Don’t get caught with that,” he cautioned, “with the shortened barrel and pared-down grips, you’ll look like an assassin yourself.”
“Understood,” Mike nodded.
Vargas passed‌ over a pair of tiny derringers to Amélie. “I’ll let you decide where you want to conceal them,” he said with a shrug. She gave him an old-fashioned look as she tucked them away. “A dagger for each of you,” he continued, giving them a pair of blades, before opening up a small case. “These, hopefully, will help you spot your target,” he explained, as he gave Mike a pair of spectacles, before gifting his companion with a jeweled lorgnette. “There’s a tiny stud on the frame, next to the right lens,” he explained. “Press that, and you’ll have infrared vision. Press it again, and they’ll function as night goggles. Someone planning to kill the queen will probably have an elevated body temperature from sweating. It might just give you the advantage you need.”
He fiddled with the glasses, testing the various modes, before nodding in approval. “Could have used these at Normandy,” he said, mostly to himself.
Finally, he gave Delany a top hat and cane, while Amélie received a fur muff made with mink, or at least a reasonable facsimile. “Remember, you’re high society types, so act the part. That should get you close to the queen, without arousing suspicion.” he gave them a final once-over. “All right. Your pocket watch will tell you when you must return, and will act as a beacon when it’s time to retrieve you. Any questions?”
They both shook their heads. “Then step onto the platform, and Godspeed.” The pair stepped onto the raised dais as she took his hand in hers. “Good luck, both of you,” Vargas told them, as he activated the controls.
Once again Mike felt himself being yanked away, as the gray featureless compartment vanished from sight.
First I Previous
submitted by Hewholooksskyward to HFY [link] [comments]

2024.05.18 06:26 AppHelper Farewell, my dear S5 cabriolet

This week, after just short of 10 years, I said goodbye to a good friend: my Audi S5 convertible.
It was a car I had wanted for several years, and the job I had out of law school made it possible. Two years in, I had gotten a new job in California, and instead of a flight, the firm agreed to pay for a cross-country road trip, a dream I had for a long time.
My Audi was a German car, but driving it was an American experience. I saw every vista from “This Land Is Your Land”: venturing on my first road trip from the New York island of Manhattan to the redwood forests of California; following the Gulf Stream waters starting in Tampa and up the East Coast; gazing up at endless skyway above ribbons of highway in Nevada; descending from the Rocky Mountains into the golden valley of the Colorado river; roaming and rambling through the sparkling sands of the Bonneville Salt Flats’ diamond desert; traversing backroads in Big Sur marked “private property”; passing through waving wheat fields in Kansas and rolling dust clouds in wide-open Texas; and watching the fog lift over the San Francisco Bay.
My car meant freedom. After moving back in with my parents during the pandemic, it was my escape both literal and figurative. I visited Adirondack State Park in New York for the fourth time; drove down to Florida and up through Daytona, Savannah, and Charleston; and ventured to the rugged Baxter State Park and pristine Acadia National Park in Maine. Locally, I regularly left the house for my rotation of Mancini’s pizza, EB Chinese, Wendy’s, and Wasabi House—all eaten in my car, with the top down if weather permitted. For a taste of Tsukiji, Tokyo, I would travel to Flatbush for Koma Sushi’s all-you-can-eat bluefin tuna events (and pick up Rita's water ice for my parents). I was responsible for my family's grocery shopping for many months, and before returning home in my Audi, I would often indulge in a ball of fresh-made mozzarella the size of my fist.
My 2011 Audi S5 Premium Plus Cabriolet was purchased on June 7, 2014 at Audi Meadowlands in East Rutherford, New Jersey. The dealer pulled a little sales trick: I came in to see a black certified pre-owned model listed for a price in my budget. The car was fine, but it was dusted in a layer of dirt. Given that I was moving to sunny California, black was not my preferred color. Then, of course, a beautiful, shiny “quartz gray metallic” S5 rolls up. The color was striking, taking on a tint of its environment while maintaining its own presence. It was especially beautiful under the blue sky. I couldn’t help but stretch my budget.
Car designer Walter di Silva, who was responsible for the design strategy of Lamborghini, Bugatti, and Audi for several years, called the Audi A5 his favorite design. It's hard to argue with that. It’s as close to timeless design as a car can get, and the convertible version was clearly very carefully engineered. The aerodynamics with the wind deflector in place are like magic. You can drive comfortably with the top down even in freezing weather. And at highway speeds, rain flows smoothly over your head.
It was a wonderful ride; the suspension was sporty and stiff, and the car was heavy so there were plenty of “thuds,” but it was never uncomfortable. The sport seats were a thing of beauty, and even after consecutive days of driving seven hours or more, I never had a hint of back pain. There were a few ergonomic quirks, like the steering wheel blocking the turn-signal indicators when adjusted to my preferred position, but otherwise it felt molded to my needs. (I especially appreciated the elbow room that later, slimmer S5 models didn't offer.)
Sure, the drive-by-wire gas pedal didn’t have the immediacy or feedback of the mechanically linked throttle on my previous car, and the supercharged V6 couldn’t launch the car as fast as the 400 horsepower V8 I had experienced in a Corvette, but it always had power to spare—even at its computer-limited maximum speed of 155 miles per hour. The “exhaust note” was also not the most harmonious, but the first time I experienced that “Audi burp” was unforgettable. The steering was not quite as precise as on the BMW 335i and 435i I had cross-shopped, but the sport differential gave it a turning ability much better than would be expected of a car of that weight. So it was not a perfect car, but it was a fun car.
And it was practical car. The rear seats were borderline suitable for adult humans, but the rear space was copious. Sometimes it became my mini pickup, hauling boxes from Costco, a lounge chair for my office, or even 2x4s for a building project. I knew how to fit each of my suitcases in for maximum efficiency.
My car was also very personal. I had driving companions for only two of my road trips: my second cross-country trip and my tour of all eight Ivy League colleges in one day. Every other road trip was either solo or with someone who remained a passenger. A generous ex-girlfriend kept it in her covered parking spot while I grew my business in India, and my dad graciously took the car out every few weeks while I was living in the Philippines. But that was it. Besides a few valets and mechanics doing routine test drives, probably not more than four or five other people drove the car the entire time I owned it.
I bought my S5 in a time of prosperity and promise. Perhaps I should have sold it earlier and switched to something more modest. When things were tough, I had to refinance, but it remained the last symbol that I hadn't lost everything. I clung to it, for better or for worse.
As my parents leave our family home and I rid myself of many of my old possessions, none is as meaningful as that car. Even though I have been living in the Philippines for most of the past seven years, I am starting a new chapter in my life. I'm excited for new adventures, in vehicles and otherwise.
And my next car will be even cooler.
submitted by AppHelper to Audi [link] [comments]

2024.05.18 01:00 Vir-victus What effects did the Dutch East India Company have on Dutch/European society and economics?

Another answer from AskHistorians to an interesting question, this time by u/prooijtje:
First I'd like to discuss the Netherlands *before* the founding of the VOC (until the 80 Years' War, modern-day Belgium should also be included here).
Dutch society had already stopped fitting into a purely Malthusian model since the 15th century as it had been forced to abandon growing grain in the western part of the country. As a result, the relation between national agricultural production and population growth became much less important than it was in other countries thanks to the grain imports from Eastern Europe that were meant to compensate for reduced fertility. This had allowed a large number of Dutchmen to become involved in the trade or services sectors. Urbanization was also much higher than in other regions in Europe (perhaps maybe Northern Italy? My sources don't discuss Italian urbanization sadly).
Another uniquely Dutch trait was the large amount of farmers who owned the land they worked on. This fact motivated many farmers to try out other crops that could turn more of a profit. Especially farmers in the West became much more specialized than their European colleagues and started growing products that were needed in the production sector, such as flax or other plants used for making rope.
This production sector was mostly concentrated in the Southern Netherlands (Flanders and Brabant) while shipbuilding was concentrated in the Northern Netherlands (Zeeland and Holland). The center of this economic region at the time was Antwerp, with Amsterdam still just being a small fishing village. Only after the start of the Dutch Revolt and the siege of Antwerp by the Spanish did the, largely protestant or Jewish, merchants and skilled artisans of Antwerp move to the Northern Netherlands. (Fun fact: Many of those Jews' parents or grandparents had come to the Netherlands as refugees from Spain via Portugal and were thus known locally as 'Portugese Jews'.)
Why all this text about the pre-VOC era? Just to show that the Netherlands was already heavily commercialized as a result of the trade with Northern and Eastern Europe. This trade in fact, would still remain the most important source of trade income after the founding of the VOC and was known as the "Moedernegotie" (Mother [of all] negotiation). The Netherlands also already held large industrial and services sector as a result of its early departure from the Malthusian model in the 15th century.
As a result of the founding of the VOC (and its cousin the West India Company which history has forced to live in a cupboard under the stairs) the service sector became even bigger and more diversified as Dutch trade networks came to cover areas like the Caribbean, Suriname, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, and Indonesia.
As Dutchmen flocked to the cities to work in banks, trading companies, and insurance companies, the industry sector saw itself forced to mechanize even more, resulting in the development of more advanced wind- and watermill designs. Jobs that couldn't yet be replaced by building more windmills were usually filled with foreign labour: according to estimates, 50% of all paid labour in the Netherlands was performed by immigrants from countries like Poland or Germany. As for the role played by the VOC in this, an equivalent percentage of VOC workers were from Scandinavia, Germany or Eastern Europe.
As for effects on other European countries, I know very little sadly.
Outside of Europe however, the WIC and VOC had a large impact on many societies they encountered:
As a rule, these companies would first try to enter into contracts with local rulers. In return for political and financial (and occasionally military) support, Dutch traders received monopolies on trading in certain goods. Especially modern-day Indonesia saw less inter-state wars as a result of this. Monarchs who could rely on Dutch support however, also saw themselves able to tax their citizens much more than they had done before as they were less dependent on their own subjects for military power.
Other societies were impacted much more directly by the VOC and WIC. The inhabitants of the Banda islands were largely killed, driven away to starve in the jungle or deported to Java as punishment for selling spices to the British for example. As a result, many inhabitants of these islands today are actually descendants of migrants and slaves who were brought in by the Dutch to replace the massacred locals.
Other examples of heavily impacted countries are Suriname and South Africa. As more and more Dutch, German, Scandinavian or Polish VOC employees settled into farming societies, the native population was slowly converted into little more than a cheap source of labour for the Company, which officially owned all of the land in the Kaap colony. As their population kept increasing, the Boer descendants of these European settlers would keep advancing further inland, resulting in more conflicts and the displacement of more native populations.Suriname's native population also found itself being pushed away from the coast, which was quickly settled by African slaves and their European masters, many of which were British, French or Spanish. Their owners being described by their contemporaries as exceptionally cruel, many slaves escaped into the heavily forested southern part of Suriname. Called 'bosnegers' (Bush-negros) by the WIC authorities, these men would form bands that posed such a threat to the plantations that the colonial government was eventually forced to ally itself to some of these bands in order to fight off attacks by other bands or by the native Americans.
Source: K. Davids & M. 't Hart De Wereld & Nederland. Een sociale en economische geschiedenis van de laatste duizend jaar (Amsterdam 2011), 57-121.
submitted by Vir-victus to BEIC_EastIndiaCompany [link] [comments]

2024.05.17 16:46 cheriaspen Yuval Harari, WEF right hand of Klaus Schwab 👉 Humans are now hackable animals. This is copied from a Rumble channel where I found it with Biblical verses, which I think is appropriate since we are fighting evil . So we must ask ourselves : What would Jesus want us to do now? "

Yuval Harari, WEF right hand of Klaus Schwab 👉 Humans are now hackable animals. This is copied from a Rumble channel where I found it with Biblical verses, which I think is appropriate since we are fighting evil . So we must ask ourselves : What would Jesus want us to do now?
Who Is the Man Leading the COVID-19 / Great Reset Agenda? Yuval Noah Harari
“History began when humans invented gods, and will end when humans become gods.” - Yuval Noah Harari
(Yuval Noah Harari is often referred to as “the prophet.” He a the Israeli vegan, openly gay, pro-transhumanist who is obsessed with rejecting the God of his fathers and turning humans into gods. He is the lead advisor to Klaus Schwab and is praised by Barack Obama, Mark Zuckerberg, Bill Gates, Silicon Valley, the New York Times, TED, Stanford, Harvard, the World Economic Forum, James Corden, Natalie Portman, etc.) According to World Economic Forum luminary and historian Yuval Noah Harari, the transition to “digital dictatorships” will have a “big watershed” moment once governments start using “surveillance under the skin.”
Epstein + Biden + Harari = “Pre-Crime Prevention”
The Biden administration asked Congress for $6.5 billion to fund a new biomedical research agency which would merge “national security” with “health security” in such a way as to use both physical and mental health “warning signs” to prevent outbreaks of disease or violence before they occur.
Such a system is a recipe for a technocratic “pre-crime” organization with the potential to criminalize both mental and physical illness as well as “wrongthink. This agency was to be largely guided by Biden’s confirmed top science adviser, ERIC LANDER. LANDER formerly the head of the Silicon Valley-dominated Broad Institute, has been controversial for his ties to eugenicist and child sex trafficker JEFFREY EPSTEIN. https://cen.acs.org/policy/Eric-Lander-resigns-Bidens-science/100/i6
Look Up & Read HR 6666 https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/6666/text
What Did Yuval Noah Harari Say? Yuval Noah Harari is a lead advisor for Klaus Schwab. Klaus Schwab is the author of COVID-19 / The Great Reset and the founder of The World Economic Forum. Klaus Schwab and the World Economic Forum Are Implementing "The Great Reset." Yuval is praised by the likes of Klaus Schwab, Barack Obama, Mark Zuckerberg, and Bill Gates, who reviewed Harari’s latest book on the cover of the New York Times Book Review. Harari speaks at the World Economic Forum at Davos, New York Times, Stanford, TED, and TimesTalks. At the time of this writing, his books occupied the top two slots on the New York Times’ nonfiction best-seller list. - READ - https://slate.com/culture/2018/11/yuval-noah-harari-sapiens-facebook-silicon-valley-hollywood.html
Free Will Is Over - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vthdl6-the-evil-transhumanism-agenda-of-klaus-schwab-and-doctor-yuval-noah-harari.html “16 Cease not to give thanks for you, making mention of you in my prayers; 17 That the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, may give unto you the spirit of wisdom and revelation in the knowledge of him: 18 The eyes of your understanding being enlightened; that ye may know what is the hope of his calling, and what the riches of the glory of his inheritance in the saints, 19 And what is the exceeding greatness of his power to us-ward who believe, according to the working of his mighty power, 20 Which he wrought in Christ, when he raised him from the dead, and set him at his own right hand in the heavenly places, 21 Far above all principality, and power, and might, and dominion, and every name that is named, not only in this world, but also in that which is to come.” - Ephesians 1:16-21
Free Will Is a Theological Mistake - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vy5ejj-yuval-noah-harari-free-will-is-a-theological-mistake-and-hacking-humans.html “Stand fast therefore in the liberty wherewith Christ hath made us free, and be not entangled again with the yoke of bondage.” - Galatians 5:1 “3 For though we walk in the flesh, we do not war after the flesh: 4 (For the weapons of our warfare are not carnal, but mighty through God to the pulling down of strong holds;) 5 Casting down imaginations, and every high thing that exalteth itself against the knowledge of God, and bringing into captivity every thought to the obedience of Christ.” - 2 Corinthians 10:3-6 "If You Have the Tools to Overcome Human Biology...Think About the SEX Life." - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vxee5z-yuval-noah-harari-if-you-have-the-tools-to-overcome-human-biology...think-a.html NOTE: Yuval (Jubal) in the Hebrew Bible means son of Lamech. Lamech was the Bible’s first polygamist. “19 And Lamech took unto him two wives: the name of the one was Adah, and the name of the other Zillah.” Genesis 4:19 Surveillance Under the Skin? Trusting Science Over Everything Else? - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vy525f-yuval-noah-harari-surveillance-under-the-skin-and-trusting-science-above-ev.html “16 And he causeth all, both small and great, rich and poor, free and bond, to receive a mark in their right hand, or in their foreheads: 17 And that no man might buy or sell, save he that had the mark, or the name of the beast, or the number of his name. 18 Here is wisdom. Let him that hath understanding count the number of the beast: for it is the number of a man; and his number is Six hundred threescore and six.” - Revelation 13:16-18
Yuval Noah Harari Klaus Schwab Advisor: Advocating Genetically Modified Babies - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vy4xyl-yuval-noah-harari-klaus-schwab-advisor-advocating-genetically-modified-babi.html “41 And whereas thou sawest the feet and toes, part of potters' clay, and part of iron, the kingdom shall be divided; but there shall be in it of the strength of the iron, forasmuch as thou sawest the iron mixed with miry clay. 42 And as the toes of the feet were part of iron, and part of clay, so the kingdom shall be partly strong, and partly broken. 43 And whereas thou sawest iron mixed with miry clay, they shall mingle themselves with the seed of men: but they shall not cleave one to another, even as iron is not mixed with clay. 44 And in the days of these kings shall the God of heaven set up a kingdom, which shall never be destroyed: and the kingdom shall not be left to other people, but it shall break in pieces and consume all these kingdoms, and it shall stand forever.” - Daniel 2:41-44
Hacking Humans, BEAST System, Ending Free Will & Privacy - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vy3dy9-yuval-noah-harari-what-did-he-say-hacking-humans-beast-system-ending-free-w.html “16 And he causeth all, both small and great, rich and poor, free and bond, to receive a mark in their right hand, or in their foreheads: 17 And that no man might buy or sell, save he that had the mark, or the name of the beast, or the number of his name. 18 Here is wisdom. Let him that hath understanding count the number of the beast: for it is the number of a man; and his number is Six hundred threescore and six.” - Revelation 13:16-18
Hacking Humans and Shifting Authority from Humans to Algorithms - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vy18k5-yuval-noah-harari-hacking-humans-and-shifting-authority-from-humans-to-algo.html “And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth.” - Genesis 1:26
Yuval Noah Harari We Need to Work with the BEAST and Not Against It - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vy129f-yuval-noah-harari-we-need-to-work-with-the-beast-and-not-against-it.html “And they worshipped the dragon which gave power unto the beast: and they worshipped the beast, saying, Who is like unto the beast? who is able to make war with him?” - Revelation 13:4
Yuval Noah Harari "We Are Upgrading Humans Into Gods" - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vy126n-yuval-noah-harari-we-are-upgrading-humans-into-gods.html “Who opposeth and exalteth himself above all that is called God, or that is worshipped; so that he as God sitteth in the temple of God, shewing himself that he is God.” - 2 Thessalonians 2:4 “And it came to pass, when men began to multiply on the face of the earth, and daughters were born unto them, 2 That the sons of God saw the daughters of men that they were fair; and they took them wives of all which they chose. 3 And the Lord said, My spirit shall not always strive with man, for that he also is flesh: yet his days shall be an hundred and twenty years. 4 There were giants in the earth in those days; and also after that, when the sons of God came in unto the daughters of men, and they bare children to them, the same became mighty men which were of old, men of renown. 5 And God saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth, and that every imagination of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually. 6 And it repented the Lord that he had made man on the earth, and it grieved him at his heart. 7 And the Lord said, I will destroy man whom I have created from the face of the earth; both man, and beast, and the creeping thing, and the fowls of the air; for it repenteth me that I have made them.” - Genesis Chapter 6: 1-7 Yuval Noah Harari "We Are On the Verge of Creating the First Inorganic Life Forms" - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vy0vtt-yuval-noah-harari-we-are-on-the-verge-of-creating-the-first-inorganic-life-.html “37 But as the days of Noah were, so shall also the coming of the Son of man be. 38 For as in the days that were before the flood they were eating and drinking, marrying and giving in marriage, until the day that Noe entered into the ark, 39 And knew not until the flood came, and took them all away; so shall also the coming of the Son of man be.” - Matthew 24: 37-39
Yuval Noah Harari "We Are On the Verge of Creating the First Inorganic Life Forms" - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vy0vtt-yuval-noah-harari-we-are-on-the-verge-of-creating-the-first-inorganic-life-.html Genesis - “27 So God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him; male and female created he them.” 1:27
Yuval Noah Harari Creating an Anti-Virus for the Mind & the Basic Premise of Religion Doesn't Work - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vy0oj9-yuval-noah-harari-creating-an-anti-virus-for-the-mind-and-the-basic-premise.html Pure religion and undefiled before God and the Father is this, To visit the fatherless and widows in their affliction, and to keep himself unspotted from the world. - James 1:27 -
Yuval Noah Harari Yuval Advocates Allowing Artificial Intelligence to Vote Instead of Humans - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vy0nep-yuval-noah-harari-yuval-advocates-allowing-artificial-intelligence-to-vote-.html “16 And he causeth all, both small and great, rich and poor, free and bond, to receive a mark in their right hand, or in their foreheads: 17 And that no man might buy or sell, save he that had the mark, or the name of the beast, or the number of his name. 18 Here is wisdom. Let him that hath understanding count the number of the beast: for it is the number of a man; and his number is Six hundred threescore and six.” - Revelation 13:16-18
Yuval Noah Harari w/ Huawei CEO Banned by Trump Hacking Humans, Inheriting Souls & Mind Anti-Virus - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vy0mkh-yuval-noah-harari-w-huawei-ceo-banned-by-trump-hacking-humans-inheriting-so.html “13 And I stood upon the sand of the sea, and saw a beast rise up out of the sea, having seven heads and ten horns, and upon his horns ten crowns, and upon his heads the name of blasphemy. 2 And the beast which I saw was like unto a leopard, and his feet were as the feet of a bear, and his mouth as the mouth of a lion: and the dragon gave him his power, and his seat, and great authority. 3 And I saw one of his heads as it were wounded to death; and his deadly wound was healed: and all the world wondered after the beast. 4 And they worshipped the dragon which gave power unto the beast: and they worshipped the beast, saying, Who is like unto the beast? who is able to make war with him? 5 And there was given unto him a mouth speaking great things and blasphemies; and power was given unto him to continue forty and two months. 6 And he opened his mouth in blasphemy against God, to blaspheme his name, and his tabernacle, and them that dwell in heaven. 7 And it was given unto him to make war with the saints, and to overcome them: and power was given him over all kindreds, and tongues, and nations.” - Revelation 13: 1-7
Yuval Noah Harari "Surveillance Is Going Under the Skin." + Choosing Science Over Religion - https://rumble.com/vy0l1z-yuval-noah-harari-surveillance-is-going-under-the-skin..html “Through faith we understand that the worlds were framed by the word of God, so that things which are seen were not made of things which do appear.” Hebrews 11:3
Yuval Noah Harari Yuval States, "Jesus Rising from the Dead and Being the Son of God is FAKE NEWS" - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vxz099-yuval-noah-harari-yuval-states-jesus-rising-from-the-dead-and-being-the-son.html “And whosoever shall speak a word against the Son of man, it shall be forgiven him: but unto him that blasphemeth against the Holy Ghost it shall not be forgiven.” - Luke 12:10
Yuval Noah Harari "Humans Are Hackable Animals...Directly Connecting Brains to Computers" - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vxywe3-yuval-noah-harari-humans-are-hackable-animals...directly-connecting-brains-.html “For who hath known the mind of the Lord, that he may instruct him? But we have the mind of Christ.” - 1 Corinthians 2:16
Why Research Into How to Manipulate the GOD Gene (The VMAT2 gene) Begin? - READ - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2262126/
December 9, 2019 Technology Is Created to Use mRNA to Deliver CRISPR gene-editing: Cell-Selective Messenger RNA Delivery and CRISPCas9 Genome Editing by Modulating the Interface of Phenylboronic Acid-Derived Lipid Nanoparticles and Cellular Surface Sialic Acid - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31763806/ What Is CRISPR? – In China Scientist Jiankui stunned the genetic community when he announced he had already used CRISPR, which hasn’t been proven either safe or effective in human patients, to permanently alter the genomes of twin girls. – https://time.com/5642755/crispr-gene-editing-humans/
What Is CRISPR? https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32532987/
“And the light of a candle shall shine no more at all in thee; and the voice of the bridegroom and of the bride shall be heard no more at all in thee: for thy merchants were the great men of the earth; for by thy sorceries were all nations deceived.” - Revelation 18:23
Yuval Noah Harari "In the Future You Will Face Discrimination Based On a Good Assessment" - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vxyslr-yuval-noah-harari-in-the-future-you-will-face-discrimination-based-on-a-goo.html “Judge not, that ye be not judged. For with what judgment ye judge, ye shall be judged: and with what measure ye mete, it shall be measured to you again. And why beholdest thou the mote that is in thy brother's eye, but considerest not the beam that is in thine own eye?” - Matthew 7:1-4
Yuval Noah Harari Yuval Argues Against God's Existence, Human Rights, National Sovereignty & Money - https://rumble.com/vxyrp7-yuval-noah-harari-yuval-argues-against-gods-existence-human-rights-national.html - WATCH - “And he opened his mouth in blasphemy against God, to blaspheme his name, and his tabernacle, and them that dwell in heaven.” - Revelation 13:6
Yuval Noah Harari Why Do "Elites" Often Refer to Yuvah Noah Harari As a Prophet? - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vxynrv-yuval-noah-harari-why-do-elites-often-refer-to-yuvah-noah-harari-as-a-proph.html “Beware of false prophets, which come to you in sheep's clothing, but inwardly they are ravening wolves.” Matthew 7:15
Yuval Noval Harari "Economies in the Future Where Humans Are Not Needed Even As Consumers." - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vxyl7n-yuval-noval-harari-economies-in-the-future-where-humans-are-not-needed-even.html “Ye are of your father the devil, and the lusts of your father ye will do. He was a murderer from the beginning, and abode not in the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he speaketh a lie, he speaketh of his own: for he is a liar, and the father of it.” - John 8:44
Yuval Noah Harari "The COVID Crisis Was the Moment When Surveillance Started Going Under the Skin" - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vxyfo5-yuval-noah-harari-the-covid-crisis-was-the-moment-when-surveillance-started.html And there shall be signs in the sun, and in the moon, and in the stars; and upon the earth distress of nations, with perplexity; the sea and the waves roaring; Men's hearts failing them for fear, and for looking after those things which are coming on the earth: for the powers of heaven shall be shaken. - Luke 21:25-26
Yuval Noah Harari "Dictators Always Dreamt About It...It's NOW Possible to Eliminate Privacy." - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vxyf7r-yuval-noah-harari-dictators-always-dreamt-about-it...its-now-possible-to-el.html “And the light of a candle shall shine no more at all in thee; and the voice of the bridegroom and of the bride shall be heard no more at all in thee: for thy merchants were the great men of the earth; for by thy sorceries were all nations deceived.” - Revelation 18:23
Yuval Noah Harari "They Trade and Make Billions of Dollars and You Don't Use Humans as Consumers" - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vxxnex-yuval-noah-harari-they-trade-and-make-billions-of-dollars-and-you-dont-use-.html “So God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him; male and female created he them.” - Genesis 1:27
Yuval Noah Harari Explains the Artificial Intelligence Social Credit Score System Which Is Coming Soon to Determine Who Can Buy or Sell - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vxeccf-yuval-noah-harari-explains-the-social-credit-score-system-which-is-coming-s.html “And the king shall do according to his will; and he shall exalt himself, and magnify himself above every god, and shall speak marvellous things against the God of gods, and shall prosper till the indignation be accomplished: for that that is determined shall be done.” - Daniel Chapter 11:36
Yuvah Noah Harari "You Cannot Violate the Rules of Nature" Lead Advisor for Klaus Schwab - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vxebkn-yuvah-noah-harari-you-cannot-violate-the-rules-of-nature-lead-advisor-for-k.html “This I say then, Walk in the Spirit, and ye shall not fulfil the lust of the flesh. For the flesh lusteth against the Spirit, and the Spirit against the flesh: and these are contrary the one to the other: so that ye cannot do the things that ye would.” - Galatians 5:16-17
Yuval Noah Harari "We Are In the Process of Becoming Gods" & "We Need Some Type of Global Loyalty" - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vxe57j-yuval-noah-harari-we-are-in-the-process-of-becoming-gods-and-we-need-some-t.html “For many deceivers are entered into the world, who confess not that Jesus Christ is come in the flesh. This is a deceiver and an antichrist.” 2 John 1:7
Yuval Noah Harari "There Is No Such Thing As Free Will" & "Humans Have Invented God" - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vxcgaf-yuval-noah-harari-there-is-no-such-thing-as-free-will-and-humans-have-inven.html “I will freely sacrifice unto thee: I will praise thy name, O Lord; for it is good.” - Psalm 54:6
“And if it seem evil unto you to serve the Lord, choose you this day whom ye will serve; whether the gods which your fathers served that were on the other side of the flood, or the gods of the Amorites, in whose land ye dwell: but as for me and my house, we will serve the Lord.” - Joshua 24:15
Yuval Noah Harari "Feelings Are the Ultimate Source of Authority" Lead Advisor to Klaus Schwab - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vxcffn-yuval-noah-harari-feelings-are-the-ultimate-source-of-authority-lead-adviso.html “The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom: and the knowledge of the holy is understanding.” - Proverbs 9:10
“He that committeth sin is of the devil; for the devil sinneth from the beginning. For this purpose the Son of God was manifested, that he might destroy the works of the devil.” 1 John 3:8”
Yuval Noah Harari Lead Advisor for Klaus Schwab Argues Against the Bible and God's Commandments https://rumble.com/vxcet5-yuval-noah-harari-lead-advisor-for-klaus-schwab-argues-against-the-bible-an.html “And when he had called the people unto him with his disciples also, he said unto them, Whosoever will come after me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross, and follow me.” - Mark 8:34
Yuval Noah Harari Top Advisor for Klaus Schwab Explains "We Need a Antivirus for the Brain" - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vxcdkz-yuval-noah-harari-top-advisor-for-klaus-schwab-explains-we-need-a-anti-viru.html “3 Let no man deceive you by any means: for that day shall not come, except there come a falling away first, and that man of sin be revealed, the son of perdition; 4 Who opposeth and exalteth himself above all that is called God, or that is worshipped; so that he as God sitteth in the temple of God, shewing himself that he is God. 5 Remember ye not, that, when I was yet with you, I told you these things? 6 And now ye know what withholdeth that he might be revealed in his time. 7 For the mystery of iniquity doth already work: only he who now letteth will let, until he be taken out of the way. 8 And then shall that Wicked be revealed, whom the Lord shall consume with the spirit of his mouth, and shall destroy with the brightness of his coming: 9 Even him, whose coming is after the working of Satan with all power and signs and lying wonders, 10 And with all deceivableness of unrighteousness in them that perish; because they received not the love of the truth, that they might be saved. 11 And for this cause God shall send them strong delusion, that they should believe a lie: 12 That they all might be damned who believed not the truth, but had pleasure in unrighteousness.” - 2 Thessalonians 2:3-12
Yuval Noah Harari Interview w/ Mark Zuckerberg "Is Still True That the Voter Knows Best?" - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vxcc01-yuval-noah-harari-interview-w-mark-zuckerberg-is-still-true-that-the-voter-.html
Yuval Noah Harari "How Can We Get Global Agreement On AI (w/ Putin in Ukraine)?" - WATCH - https://rumble.com/vwtgvx-yuval-noah-harari-how-can-we-get-global-agreement-on-ai-w-putin-in-ukraine.html “3 Let no man deceive you by any means: for that day shall not come, except there come a falling away first, and that man of sin be revealed, the son of perdition; 4 Who opposeth and exalteth himself above all that is called God, or that is worshipped; so that he as God sitteth in the temple of God, shewing himself that he is God. 5 Remember ye not, that, when I was yet with you, I told you these things? 6 And now ye know what withholdeth that he might be revealed in his time. 7 For the mystery of iniquity doth already work: only he who now letteth will let, until he be taken out of the way. 8 And then shall that Wicked be revealed, whom the Lord shall consume with the spirit of his mouth, and shall destroy with the brightness of his coming: 9 Even him, whose coming is after the working of Satan with all power and signs and lying wonders, 10 And with all deceivableness of unrighteousness in them that perish; because they received not the love of the truth, that they might be saved. 11 And for this cause God shall send them strong delusion, that they should believe a lie: 12 That they all might be damned who believed not the truth, but had pleasure in unrighteousness.” - 2 Thessalonians 2:3-12
What Does the Name “Yuval” Mean? Yuval (also Jubal) was the son of Lamech and Adah, a brother of Jabal, a descendant of Cain. “20 And Adah bare Jabal: he was the father of such as dwell in tents, and of such as have cattle. 21 And his brother's name was Jubal: he was the father of all such as handle the harp and organ.” - Genesis 4:20-21
Did You Know That Yuval Noah Harari Is Openly Gay? “Neither shall he regard the God of his fathers, nor the desire of women, nor regard any god: for he shall magnify himself above all.” - Daniel 11:37
Did You Know That Yuval Noah Harari Does Not Eat Meat? “Now the Spirit speaketh expressly, that in the latter times some shall depart from the faith, giving heed to seducing spirits, and doctrines of devils; Speaking lies in hypocrisy; having their conscience seared with a hot iron; Forbidding to marry, and commanding to abstain from meats, which God hath created to be received with thanksgiving of them which believe and know the truth.” - 1 Timothy 4:3
Where is Yuval Noah Harari from? Yuval Noah Harari is from Kiryat Ata (Israel) “Neither shall he regard the God of his fathers, nor the desire of women, nor regard any god: for he shall magnify himself above all.” - Daniel 11:37
Why Did the United Nations place the “Guardian of Nations” statue in front of the United Nations Building located at 405 East 42nd Street New York, New York? - VIEW - https://twitter.com/un_photo/status/1458178013082816513?lang=en “2 And the beast which I saw was like unto a leopard, and his feet were as the feet of a bear, and his mouth as the mouth of a lion: and the dragon gave him his power, and his seat, and great authority.” - Revelation 13:2
“Less than a decade ago, Yuval Noah Harari was a junior professor at Hebrew University in Jerusalem, stuck teaching a world history survey course because none of the senior faculty would deign to take it on. Today, he’s listened to and praised by the likes of Barack Obama, Mark Zuckerberg, and Bill Gates, who reviewed Harari’s latest book on the cover of the New York Times Book Review. Harari speaks at the World Economic Forum at Davos, TED, and TimesTalks. At the time of this writing, his books occupied the top two slots on the New York Times’ nonfiction best-seller list.” - https://slate.com/culture/2018/11/yuval-noah-harari-sapiens-facebook-silicon-valley-hollywood.html “And the light of a candle shall shine no more at all in thee; and the voice of the bridegroom and of the bride shall be heard no more at all in thee: for thy merchants were the great men of the earth; for by thy sorceries were all nations deceived.” - Revelation 18:23
Yuval Noah Harari is a lead advisor for Klaus Schwab. Klaus Schwab is the author of COVID-19 / The Great Reset and the founder of The World Economic Forum. Klaus Schwab and the World Economic Forum Are Implementing "The Great Reset." Yuval is praised by the likes of Klaus Schwab, Barack Obama, Mark Zuckerberg, and Bill Gates, who reviewed Harari’s latest book on the cover of the New York Times Book Review. Harari speaks at the World Economic Forum at Davos, TED, and TimesTalks. At the time of this writing, his books occupied the top two slots on the New York Times’ nonfiction best-seller list. - READ - https://slate.com/culture/2018/11/yuval-noah-harari-sapiens-facebook-silicon-valley-hollywood.html
“3 So he carried me away in the spirit into the wilderness: and I saw a woman sit upon a scarlet coloured beast, full of names of blasphemy, having seven heads and ten horns. 4 And the woman was arrayed in purple and scarlet colour, and decked with gold and precious stones and pearls, having a golden cup in her hand full of abominations and filthiness of her fornication: 5 And upon her forehead was a name written, Mystery, Babylon The Great, The Mother Of Harlots And Abominations Of The Earth. 6 And I saw the woman drunken with the blood of the saints, and with the blood of the martyrs of Jesus: and when I saw her, I wondered with great admiration.” - Revelation 17: 3-6 Numerically, What Does the World CORONA mean?
What Legislation Is Being Written to Force Everyone to Take the mRNA-modifying COVID-19 vaccines? H.R.6666 - COVID–19 Testing, Reaching, And Contacting Everyone (TRACE) Act - https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/6666/text
What Does the World Now Believe to Be the Ultimate Source of Truth?
What Is the Publication Number for the Patent Application Filed by Microsoft for a CRYPTOCURRENCY SYSTEM USING BODY ACTIVITY DATA? - Read - https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2020060606 “16 And he causeth all, both small and great, rich and poor, free and bond, to receive a mark in their right hand, or in their foreheads: 17 And that no man might buy or sell, save he that had the mark, or the name of the beast, or the number of his name. 18 Here is wisdom. Let him that hath understanding count the number of the beast: for it is the number of a man; and his number is Six hundred threescore and six.” - Revelation 13:16-18
Yuval Noah Harari is a lead advisor to Klaus Schwab. Klaus Schwab is the author of COVID-19 / The Great Reset and the Founder of the World Economic Forum which is implementing the world wide Great Reset.
Connect the Dots Between COVID-19 / The Great Reset, The Fourth Industrial Revolution, Klaus Schwab, 5G, and the RNA-Modifying COVID-19 Vaccines Agenda: https://timetofreeamerica.com/revelation
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2024.05.17 16:13 thythr How does the creative behavior of small models inform our understanding of the creative behavior of large models?

How did Anton Reicha's compositional style change over time?
This is a question definitely not answered in the training data, since there is not a lot of holistic scholarship on Reicha's music. Whenever a new model comes out, I ask this question, and the answers are highly plausible but totally incorrect, usually suggesting that he became more adventurous over time. The simple answer is that Reicha instead became more conservative over time, with his earlier works being quirkiest; a more accurate and sophisticated answer would consider the various purposes of composition (curiosity, ambition, professional expectation, camaraderie) and the variable quality of his work and would have to involve fresh scholarship about the actual dates, which are often uncertain. (this collection of essays seems like a start in this direction if you're curious).
I don't think this sort of 0-shot obscure question is a good use of LLMs at all, if your concern is getting accurate information. But what does it reflect about llm creativity? Mistral-7b will give crazy nonsensical far-less-plausible answers to this question, but they're a lot more "interesting" if you ignore truth (mistral's answer below is not THAT interesting, but a composer who started as a church organist and then dramatically changed course both upon learning about haydn and later upon learning about beethoven is more interesting than what gpt-4 comes up with). I think of it as, mistral-7b knows a tiny bit about Reicha--roughly when he composed and that he has some sort of relationship with Beethoven and Haydn--and comes up with various unrealistic narratives accordingly. gpt-4o is equally or more useless for information, since it sounds more plausible but is still wrong, but because it knows more about Reicha and about the typical course of composers' careers, its incorrect answer is also less interesting.
I guess this is a similar problem as "delve"--when the models become more knowledgeable and coherent, do they become really annoyingly dull without very very extensive prompting? If you ask gpt-4o to give an implausible and interesting answer, it just dresses up its original answer with some crap like "aliens told him about new harmonies"--it's still not creative, because now instead of being confined by its knowledge of reicha and of other composers, it's confined by the least-common-denominator representation of "implausible theory".
I'm mostly curious if this question--the trade-off between coherence and interestingness--has been deeply explored by anyone. I'm sure it has, just want to read more.
Mistral-7b-chat:
Anton Reicha, a French composer of the Romantic period, is known for his innovative and versatile compositions. His style evolved significantly over time as he incorporated new musical ideas and techniques into his works.
Reicha began his career as an organist and choir director in the early 18th century. During this time, his music was heavily influenced by the Baroque style of Bach and Handel. He composed various religious pieces such as motets, cantatas, and oratorios that showcased his skillful handling of counterpoint and harmony.
In the late 1700s, Reicha became interested in contemporary music and started studying composition with Joseph Haydn. This exposure to Classical symphonies and chamber music led him to develop a more secular repertoire. He began writing sonatas for violin and piano, symphonic poems, and operettas, which reflected the changing tastes of the public towards lighter genres.
Around 1820, Reicha experienced a shift in his aesthetic again when he came across the works of German composer Ludwig van Beethoven. The profound emotions and expressive power of Beethoven's music greatly . . .
gpt-4o with temperature 0:
Anton Reicha's compositional style underwent significant evolution over the course of his career, reflecting his broad musical influences and innovative spirit. Here are some key aspects of how his style changed over time:
  1. Early Period (Late 18th Century):
    • Classical Influence: In his early works, Reicha was heavily influenced by the Classical style, particularly the works of Haydn and Mozart. This period includes his early symphonies, chamber music, and piano works, which adhere to the formal structures and harmonic language typical of the Classical era.
    • Traditional Forms: His compositions from this period often employed traditional forms such as sonata-allegro, minuet and trio, and rondo.
  2. Middle Period (Early 19th Century):
    • Innovative Techniques: As Reicha matured, he began to experiment more with form and harmony. He was particularly interested in counterpoint and fugue, and he wrote several theoretical works on these subjects. His "36 Fugues for Piano" (1803) is a notable example of his innovative approach to counterpoint.
    • Wind Quintets: Reicha is perhaps best known for his wind quintets, composed during this period. These works were groundbreaking in their use of wind instruments and contributed significantly to the development of the wind quintet as a genre. They exhibit a blend of Classical clarity and innovative textures and harmonies.
  3. Later Period (Mid-19th Century):
    • Harmonic Experimentation: In his later years, Reicha's music became more adventurous harmonically. He explored unusual modulations, chromaticism, and even early forms of polytonality. His theoretical work "Traité de haute composition musicale" (1824-1826) outlines many of his advanced ideas on harmony and composition.
    • Influence on Romanticism: While Reicha himself is not typically classified as a Romantic composer, his later works and theoretical writings had a significant influence on the next generation of composers, including his students Hector Berlioz, Franz Liszt, and César Franck. His forward-thinking ideas helped pave the way for the harmonic and structural innovations of the Romantic era.
Throughout his career, Reicha maintained a balance between respect for classical forms and a desire to push the boundaries of musical expression. His contributions to music theory and his innovative compositions have earned him a lasting place in the history of Western music.
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2024.05.17 02:11 MirkWorks Excerpts from Adventures in the Orgasmatron: How the Sexual Revolution Came to America by Christopher Turner (Beats & Gestalt therapy)

Seven
...
In 1945, Allen Ginsberg and Jack Kerouac were students at Columbia University and were lodging in Joan Vollmer’s apartment on West 115th Street. Kerouac, a Catholic who had gotten in on a football scholarship described Ginsberg as “this spindly Jewish kid with horn-rimmed glasses and tremendous ears sticking out…burning black eyes”; the two men had a brief, awkward affair. Their friend William Burroughs was living nearby, on Riverside Drive, and after Kerouac and Ginsberg set him up with their landlady, he moved in, too. The gaunt and lanky Burroughs was more than a decade older than Ginsberg and Kerouac, and already seemed, Ginsberg recalled, to have the “ashen gray of an old-age cheek.” The younger pair admired him, Ginsberg wrote, like “ambassadors to a Chinese emperor.” Kerouac hailed him as “the last of the Faustian men.” Burroughs returned the compliment by introducing the other members of the “libertine circle,” as they dubbed themselves, to drugs, sailors, porn, bathhouses, and Wilhelm Reich.

After leaving Harvard in 1936, Burroughs had enrolled at the University of Vienna’s medical schools, Reich’s alma mater, with vague plans of becoming a psychoanalyst, but his stay was dominated by the administration of arsenic shots for the syphilis he had contracted in America, which left him feeling nauseated and depressed. He left after a semester. Back in New York, Burroughs was analyzed by Paul Federn, who had been Reich’s first therapist but whom Reich came to consider his nemesis. Burroughs was institutionalized in 1940 after he chopped off the tip of his finger in a Van Gogh - like gesture of unrequited love (Bellevue psychiatrists diagnosed him as a paranoid schizophrenic). Burroughs’s parents gave him an allowance of two hundred dollars a month on the condition that he seek further help, and in 1946 Burroughs was undergoing narco-analysis with Dr. Lewis Wolberg, who used nitrous oxide and hypnosis to stimulated the unconscious.
Burroughs would return from his sessions with Wolberg to practice “wild analysis” on his friends, interpreting their dreams from the comfort of a wing chair. He also played a game that parodied the Reichian character analysis that he’d become interested in. The group would play an adaption of charades to facilitate the exploration of the onion layers of their personality armor. Burroughs referred to these exercises in amateur dramatics as “routines.” For example, underneath Burroughs’s public persona as the distinguished heir of an important St. Louis family lurked a prissy, lesbian English governess (“My dear, you’re just in time for tea. Don’t say those dirty words in front of everybody!”). Scratch the governess surface and you reached Old Luke, a gun-toting, tobacco-chewing sharecropper from the Deep South (“Ever gut a catfish?”). The last stratum, at his very core, held a silent Chinaman, a contemplative, impassive character who sat meditating on the banks of the Yangtse. Ginsberg’s hidden self was “the well-groomed Hungarian,” and Kerouac liked to play the naïve American lost in the sophistications of Paris.
Alfred Kinsey met Burroughs, Ginsberg, and Kerouac on one of their nocturnal trips to Time Square through their friend Herbert Huncke, the male prostitute who coined the term “beat” and introduced Burroughs to recreational drugs. Kinsey paid Huncke
Taking advantage of the proximity of Cott’s office to his father’s home, and still buzzing in the mouth, Ginsberg chose to come out during a posttherapeutic visit. “You mean you like to take men’s penises in your mouth?” his father said unsympathetically. But Cott thought homosexuality a perversion, as Reich did, and was working toward establishing heterosexual primacy rather than trying to persuade Ginsberg to come to terms with his queerness. “Frankly I won’t trust that kind of straight genital Reichian,” Burroughs wrote in disgust at this dogmatism. “Feller say, when a man gets too straight he’s just a god damned prick.”
Cott terminated Ginsberg’s therapy after three months because he continued to smoke pot against the doctor’s advice. Ginsberg though cannabis an integral part of his aesthetic education; Cott feared that it would lead to a psychotic episode. The summer he quit therapy, Ginsberg began experiencing auditory hallucinations. “It was like God had a human voice,” Ginsberg wrote of his transcendental experience, in which he discovered his calling as a poet, “with all the infinite tenderness and mortal gravity of a living Creator speaking to his son.” Consumed by a desire to share his amazing experience, Ginsberg crawled out onto his fire escape and tapped on the next-door neighbor’s windows, declaring to the two frightened girls inside, “I’ve seen God!”
His father, still reeling from the discovery of his son’s sexuality, feared that he was suffering from the paranoid schizophrenia that had caused his mother to be institutionalized in Pilgrim State, a mental hospital on Long Island. She also heard voices, feared her husband was trying to poison her, hallucinated Hitler’s mustache in the sink, and thought spies were following her. When Ginsberg entered Reichian analysis, she was reportedly banging her head against the wall so ferociously that the doctors recommended a lobotomy.
Ginsberg phoned up Dr. Cott, his former therapist, and told him, “It happened, I had some kind of breakthrough or psychotic experience.” Cott, who followed Reich in rejecting the talking cure, and who was obviously still angry at Ginsberg for choosing pot over therapy, said, “I’m afraid any discussion would have no value” and hung up on him. Soon afterward, when Ginsberg was involved in a car chase in a stolen vehicle that ended in a dramatic crash, he was encouraged by a law professor at Columbia, where he was still a student, to plead insanity. Dr. Cott appeared in court to testify to his mental instability, and two months later Ginsberg was admitted to the Columbia Presbyterian Psychiatric institute, where he stayed for eight months.
During Ginsberg’s hospitalization, Burroughs wrote to Jack Kerouac to ask him to find out from Ginsberg what the “gadget made by Reichians” looked like. “I want especially to know its shape and if there is a window, and how one gets into it.” Kerouac doesn’t seem to have been much help in providing a blueprint. Burroughs built his first accumulator in the spring of 1949 when he was living on a rented farm in Pharr, Texas, with Kells Elvins, a friend from his Harvard days. They were both enthusiastically reading Reich’s The Cancer Biopathy and decided to build an accumulator in the orange grove Kells owned in the Rio Grande Valley. Built without recourse to any plans, the resulting device included some curious innovations. “Inside was an old icebox,” Burroughs explained, “which you could get inside and pull on a contrivance so that another box of sheet steel descended over you, so that the effect was presumably heightened.” It took them a few days to construct the box. The result was eight feet high, much taller than the ones Reich manufactured: “It was a regular townhouse,” Burroughs recalled.
The pair took turns sitting in the accumulator and obtained, Burroughs wrote, “unmistakable results.” Burroughs wondered what the Mexican farm laborers thought of this strange box that they entered “wrapped in old towels,” and came out of feeling “much sexier and healthier,” “with hard-ons.” Burroughs and Kells also made one of Reich’s smaller shooter boxes, with a funnel, which they used as a supplement to the big box. Their DIY was, Burroughs admitted, “a very sloppy job,” but it still have a powerful “sexual kick.”
"I have just been reading Wilhelm Reich’s latest book The Cancer Biopathy,” Burroughs wrote excitedly to Kerouac. “I tell you Jack, he is the only man in the analysis line who is on that beam. After reading the book I built an orgone accumulator and the gimmick really works. The man is not crazy, he’s a fucking genius.” Kerouac described Burroughs enthusiastically promoting the box in On the Road (1955). According to Kerouac, Burroughs said, “Say, why don’t you fellows try my orgone accumulator? Put some juice in your bones. I always rush up and take off ninety miles an hour for the nearest whorehouse, hor-hor-hor!”
Burroughs used an orgone box on and off for the rest of his life. (There is a picture of the rock star Kurt Cobain waving through the port-hole of Burrough’s last box, a scruffy, patched-up shed that he kept in the garden behind his house in Lawrence, Kansas.) In the 1970s he wrote an article for Oui magazine entitled “All the accumulators I have owned” in which he boasted, “Your intrepid reporter, at age thirty-seven, achieved spontaneous orgasm, no hands, in an orgone accumulator built in an orange grove in Pharr, Texas. It was the small, direct-application accumulator that did the trick.”
….
Perls concluded that any positive claims for the orgone box were attributable to the placebo effect. “I invariably found a fallacy,” he said of the orgone box users he met, “a suggestibility that could be directed in any way that I wanted.” Reich, Perls thought, had made a major contribution in giving Freud’s notion of resistance a body, but he erred in trying to make a verifiable reality out of the libido. “Now resistances do exist, there is no doubt about it,” Perls explained, “but libido was and is a hypothesized energy, invented by Freud himself to explain his model of man.” He thought Reich had hypnotized himself and his patients into the belief of the existence of the orgone as the physical and visible equivalent of libido.
Perls found that users of orgone boxes usually exhibited some paranoid symptoms. “Then I had another look at the armor theory,” Perls went on, “and I realized that the idea of the armor itself was a paranoid form. It supposes an attack from, and defense against, the environment.” Perls criticized vegetotherapy for encouraging the formation of paranoid features by encouraging the patient to “externalize, disown, and project material that could be assimilated and become part of the self.” Orgone energy, Perls concluded from his investigations into the orgone box, was “an invention of Reich’s fantasy which by then had gone astray.” The realization that the Reich he had met in New York was different from the one he had known in Europe, and that orgone mysticism was at the crackpot end of science, was tinged with melancholy. “The enfant terrible of the Vienna Institute turned out to be a genius,” Perls wrote in his autobiography, “only to eclipse himself as a ‘mad scientist.’”
In his own elaboration of character analysis, which he called Gestalt therapy, Perls turned the idea of armor around: where Reich had come to see character armor as a defense against a hostile external world, Perls saw that same layer of self as a shield for one’s own true drives - a straitjacket designed to safeguard against explosions of excitement from within. Thus, it wasn’t a shell to be crushed but something integral, to be owned. (Laura Perls said they tried to convince Rosenfeld to give up his box, that he could increase his physical vitality and mental agility “entirely on his own, without external devices.”) He wanted his patients to be aware of their bodies, to feel the present vividly in the “here and now,” to be “authentic,” to act on their desires.
Perls got his patients to act out their feelings so that they could assimilate and take responsibility for them. He had originally wanted to be a theater director - he’d been a student of Max Reinhardt’s when he was growing up in Berlin, and he’d become closely associated with the avant-garde Living Theatre troupe in New York. Julian Beck, a founder of the Living Theatre, explained to Perls’s biographer, Martin Shepard, of Gestalt therapy, “[Perls] had something in mind that was halfway between the kind of performance we were doing [direct spectacle, aimed at challenging the moral complacency of the audience] and therapeutic sessions.”
“You are my client,” Perls told one female patient. “I care for you like an artist, I bring something out that is hidden in you.” He described therapy as if it were a magic trick; the rabbit he claimed to pull out of the hat was a person shorn of the “neurosis of normalcy” and all the bourgeois niceties associated with it. This person, he hypothesized, was confident enough to be selfish, to act on rather than repress all her desires, whatever the social consequences. All the energy that others wasted on repression and concealment, Perls thought, should be available for creative self-expression. Another of Perls’s patients recalled, “Fritz loved some types - open bastard-bitch - open defenses, that type. He didn’t like anyone who would placate him or be too good to him or used good-girl or good-boy defenses - that drove him up the wall.”

Perls’s views ,and some of his methods, were much indebted to those pioneered by Reich in the thirties: Perls would habitually accuse his patients of being “phony” and was deliberately aggressive, much as Reich had been with him. Yet, his observations about the paranoid deviations in Reich’s terminology and thinking were painfully perceptive, precisely because he had built on those very ideas.
In 1951, Perls, Paul Goodman, and a Columbia professor of psychology named Ralph Hefferline published Gestalt Therapy: Excitement and Growth in the Human Personality. Rewritten by Goodman, and bearing all the hallmarks of Goodman’s exasperating style, the book blends Reich’s ideas about energy blocks and flows with Sartre’s cafe philosophy to create an American brand of existentialism turned therapy. The authors intended their self-help book to provide the reader with the tools for revolution: “In recommending [these experiments] to you,” they warned of their mass-market therapy, “we commit an aggressive act aimed at your present status quo and whatever complacency it affords.” They promised immediate liberation, without the hard grind of political struggle; all you had to do was unleash your “authentic” self.
The “excitement” to which the subtitle of the book refers is a generalized libido, an elan vital that is seeking various outlets, not all of them sexual. Life, for Perls, was a series of “unfinished” or “undigested” situation, frustrations that were all waiting their turn for satisfactory closure. “After the available excitement has been fully transformed and experienced, then we have good closure, satisfaction, temporary peace and nirvana,” Perls summarized his position. “A [mere] discharge will barely bring about the feeling of exhaustion and being spent.”
It sounded very like the Reichian orgasm. But for Perls, excitement was no longer exclusively genital, as it was for Reich, and this shift only served to open up numerous other slipways to pleasure. In Reich’s view, the libido theory was an inviolable article of faith. In broadening its range to celebrate oral and anal pleasures, Perls heralded a polymorphously perverse and heretical vision - one that, ironically, would prove particularly amenable to exploitation under capitalism.
In 1952, Perls, his wife, Goodman, Isidore From, Elliott Shapiro, and two others founded the New York Institute for Gestalt Therapy, headquartered in the Perleses’ apartment and with treatment rooms at 315 Central Park West. The seven founding members met on a weekly basis for group therapy. There was no bureaucratic hierarchy and everyone, including Perls, was subject to the honest criticism that was seen as the key to self-discovery. It was a very public form of character analysis: members of the group would draw one another’s attention to every repression or hang-up, none of which was to be tolerated.
Elliot Shapiro, an ex-boxer and the head of a psychiatric school attached to Kings County Hospital in Brooklyn, brought a friend to one session; Shapiro’s friend said he “had never witnessed the aggressive and profound battling that went on in those groups. Nobody, virtually nobody, was safe at any time.” Shapiro recalled, “We hammered at each other, and hammered, and hammered - every week. And it was the most vigorous hammering you can image….If you could live through these groups and take the corrections, the insults, the remarks…” Not all the participants had sufficiently thick skins to take such brutal candor. The psychotherapist Jim Simkin left the group because he felt that everyone was “loading elephant shit on him,” as did Ralph Hefferline, a coauthor of Gestalt Therapy.
To promote this new school, Perls traveled from city to city, introducing an audience of psychiatrists, social workers, and other interested parties to his “here and now” philosophy. He taught groups in Cleveland, Detroit, Toronto, and Miami how to be sensitive to their bodily needs and to follow their impulses, to be honest and unalienated. He’d be sharp and confrontational as he pushed his awareness techniques on the participants: What are you doing now? What are you experiencing? What are you feeling? Isadore From, who was part of the original New York group, remembers that these occasions were often very dramatic, with “a lot of shaking, trembling, anxiety” - effects that he thought were the result of the audiences’ hyperventilating under the strain of Perls’s relentless goading and questioning.
The New York Institute of Gestalt Therapy also ran public seminars, including one by Goodman, “The Psychology of Sex” (“What you can’t do, teach,” he said with a laugh). Following Reich, it was thought that neurosis could be treated by exposure to sexual pleasure. Goodman made this his area of expertise and people with sexual problems were often referred to him. One was a man who was worried about the quality of his orgasms after prostate surgery. Another thought he might be homosexual; the bisexual Goodman got his penis out and demanded that the patient touch it to help him make a diagnosis. In so doing he was no doubt influenced by Hitschmann, the Viennese analyst who once asked Perls, then tormented by sexual inadequacy, to show him his penis .
In one of Goodman’s group sessions, when someone complained of the lack of sexual companionship, Goodman went around the circle and set up a week’s worth of dates. “See, that wasn’t so difficult,” he reassured her. He was not beyond offering his own neurosis-busting services to patients of either sex, and once agreed to accompany a patient who invited him on an all-expenses-paid trip to Europe. He joked about setting up a College of Sex so as to put his vast experience to educational use. “I’m a sociopath,” he wanted a potential client. In a diary entry written in 1957, Goodman looked back on the previous decade and concluded that he’s made a “false cultus-religion (an obsession)” of sex: “The sexual act itself had just about the meaning of a ritual communion sacrifice.”
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2024.05.16 23:35 SuperCustodiam A Buyer's Guide to the AL Ships

This is a straight to the point buyers guide for people that are wondering if any of the AL ships are worth buying or not. I am here to give you an idea of what's worth, and what's not. I will rank them in descending order for convenience. Keep in mind that these are from my own opinions on the game: my word is not law. These are just my recommendations from my personal experience and a spur of the moment deal personally.

Best Pick: AL Montpelier

This is a premium version of Cleveland, the USN tier VIII CL. However, unlike the later AL premiums, AL Montpelier was unique in at least, a very minor way: She has tighter shot grouping due to a 2.15 sigma versus the standard 2.0 at the cost of slower reload at 0.5 sec slower (7 sec vs 6.5 sec). The result is overall consistent salvos, at the cost of just a little DPM that can be fixed with Adrenaline Rush and Top Grade Gunner, depending on how you build her.
Besides that, she also has un-nerfed version of radar, at a 30 sec vs 27 sec on Cleveland. That doesn't sound like a big deal, but if you run Consumable Enchantments and or Surveillance Radar Mod 1, you have a larger number that the percent based changes will take affect on. Essentially, with both the commander skill and 2nd slot upgrade, you get 39.6 sec vs 35.6 seconds on duration. So a radar build is not bad compared to Cleveland. Besides that, she doesn't have access to the catapult fighter consumable, but that is super seceded by radar and anyways so who cares.
And above all else, it is a Cleveland, which is IMO, a very competitively viable cruiser at tier VIII, with it's very small citadel, thin profile / narrow beam that leads to a lot of over-penetrations, good DPM, good concealment, and good AA. It really only lacks in the speed, gun range, and shell flight time problems, which can be remedied with skill and positioning.
As far as the commander voice acting, Rie Takahashi voices Montpelier. If you do not know who that is or do not care, and just want to know if the commander's voice is annoying or not, then be happy that she isn't overtly grating compared to some of the other commanders you can get. I find her rather composed, cool, and relaxed, fitting the trope of kuudere, if you even know what that means.
TLDR: Premium Cleveland with higher sigma, slightly lower RoF, Longer lasting radar.

Runner Up: AL Sovetsky Rossiya

This is a premium version of Sovetsky Soyuz, the VMF (Soviet Navy) Tier IX BB. Like Montpelier, she is slightly unique to her tech tree counterpart, bar being premium, by having standard battleship dispersion (USN, Royal Navy, German, etc.) instead of Russian BB dispersion formula that gets way better inside 15km. She does also have 1.8 sigma versus 1.7 sigma, for slightly tighter shot grouping. So, while Soyuz excels at mid range, Rossiya excels at long range, which does reasonably well considering the average high tier meta these days.
Other than that, you retain all the upsides of Fast action Damage Control Parties, the tough hull design of the Sovetsky Soyuz. The only other thing you DO NOT get is the AA, as she has the Hull A of Sovetsky Soyuz, and in turn has worse AA overall. In fact, she has such bad AA that only Musashi beats her out in having worse AA for Tier IX battleships. So yeah, CVs that know their targets will have free reign on you, so stick close to allies in CV matches.
Now a I'll be honest with you, Rossiya is not a super competitive BB at tier IX, so this choice is really just down to being different in few ways instead of blatant copy paste. Really, only AL Montpelier is the only super competitive option here. So above all else, Rossiya is a side grade if anything and you should not fear of having FOMO for not getting her. Besides, she's not an historical ship that is going to get removed because it was OP, so fret not (COUGH COUGH MUSASHI, COUGH COUGH ALASKA, COUGH COUGH MISSOURI).
Lastly, the commander is voiced by Manami Numakura. I can really only characterize her as cool, tough, deep voiced anime woman archetype. I dunno really how to explain it that well, so I apologize for anyone that likes her due to my poor description.
TLDR: Premium Sovetsky Soyuz Hull A with 1.8 sigma and standard battleship dispersion.
OK, with those two out of the way, I want to put a disclaimer here that the next ships are purely optional and not super worth it IMO and really only selected for being different than the rest, I.E. not something that is currently offered in other ships / premium ships already in-game.

Optional 1st Pick: AL Prinz Heinrich

This is a premium version of Prinz Heinrich, the tier VII german battlecruiser of the Ersatz Yorck class. She is a 1 for 1 copy of Prinz Heinrich: no special differences here besides premium benefits.
Now, while she is not unique in any way, she is not a bad battlecruiser for tier VII standards. This mainly comes down to the 50mm deck plating she has in a tier wrought with battleships with just 26mm of plating on their decks. Really, any tier VII battleship that has more than 27mm of plating is really competitive in this tier, simply because they don't get overmatched or full-penned by HE. It's sort of why Scharnhorst '43 is so popular and good, since she doesn't get chunked for 10k when hit by 15 in + guns (380mm guns for ya'll metric nerds).
Besides that, she's not slow as hell, going at a decent 28 knots, has 15in guns herself, has fast acting DCP, and is the first ship in the german battlecruisefast battleship line that gets that sweet improved secondary dispersion formula, which despite the 9km max range, means that she has free DPM to let the game play itself essentially. Combined with torpedoes, she can bum rush many slower and weaker battleships that the german battlecruiser line is famous for. And on top of all that, she also has hydro for better pushing to see torpedoes earlier, or push smoked up ships.
Now for some cons, the guns, while using battlecruiser dispersion have an awful 1.5 sigma, so your shot grouping is... bad. Do not be surprised if a lot of your shells in your salvo get a mind of their own. Besides that, she's on the below average end of HP for tier VII, at 56k. Also, she does have 25mm bow and stern. She does have a 30mm extended belt (colloquially known as an ice breaker), which is followed by 120mm extended belt, that protects the lower portion of the ship from overmatch bar 18in guns that she MIGHT face in the likes of Georgia, Sun Yat Sen, Musashi, and Tsurugi, and Adatara. Still, that doesn't mean she is immune from overmatch, as the odd shell can still get through her bow and stern and chunk you, so do not bet on it 100%.
Now that is for the most part, the review. However, for any true fans out there, they know that Prinz Heinrich from AL is actually a P-Class cruiser, AKA Schill in this game. Since Schill was a limited time ship that required whaling for her, and that wargaming dropped the ball and just did "Oh this ship has the same name! Here ya go!" then you know how much this kind of sucks. If you just like Prinz Heinrich, and want her as a premium, you can ignore this tidbit, but for any true fans that DO NOT have Schill, you're shit outta luck.
As far as commander goes, the voice actor, Hiyori Nitta, does a wonderful job characterizing a carefree and bubbly character. As previously mentioned, I recommend putting her on Schill if you really care about game accuracy, that is, if you even had Schill to begin with.
TLDR: Premium Prinz Heinrich copy-paste. Get it only if you really like Prinz Heinrich (the ship) which is actually pretty good for its tier, and want a premium version of it, or Prinz Heinrich as the character.

Optional 2nd Pick: AL Shimakaze

Hoo boy, this one might be controversial. This is a special ship (NOT a premium ship) of IJN DD, Shimakaze.
Shimakaze really needs no introduction. It is the old school torpedo boat that coined the phrase "Torpedo soup" or at least contributed to that phrase. It can put 3x5 23k damage, 12km Type 93 long lance torpedoes into the water. It has some of the best concealment for her tier, getting down to 5.6km surface detect, and good speed at 39 kts (42 kts when speed boost is active). It has been here since the games launch, and well, admittedly, or at least in my opinion, has seen better days.
Still, while some other DDs might have powercrept her a little, you can't mistake the fact that a well played Shimakaze can terrorize a team that lacks the tools to pin her down. Even if that is seldom the case most of the time (48% win rate on NA out of 8 million battles), the ship still has strong tools when played to it's strengths. 23k damage torpedoes are no joke... if you get hit by them at least, as they have a pretty awful average reaction time of ~9.35 sec (according to wows ship builder). Now, this can be sort of remedied with building for torpedo speed, getting torpedo tubes mod 1 and swift fish to decrease that time to ~8.5 sec, but that's still far above the average of 7.8 sec most torpedoes have in other nations. Still, if you get the right angle, devstriking a full HP battleship is not uncommon if you get a perfectly lined up shot. Thing is, it takes WAY more skill and positioning than you think it does, especially considering that most top tier players sort of know what they're doing, and that a lot of top tier ships can run hydroacoustic search these days.
Combined with the fact that she has some of the worse gun DPM of any tier X DD, and has fairly low HP for the tier, it can be fairly hard to play this ship unless you get just the best matchmaking ever. It's a real feast or famine type ship, which I would say summarizes most of the IJN Shimakaze line in general, bar maybe the mid tiers. All this really means is that Shimakaze is NOT the most competitive DD at tier X, as arguably many other nations have better torpedo boats, or better yet, opt for hybrid boats that can defend themselves fairly well, such as the Pan Euro DDs. Still, as mentioned earlier, if played to her strengths, she can be a good ship, but all I am arguing for is that she is not a meta ship, at least in my opinion.
Now, onto the whole Special Ship thing. Yes, this IS a tier X ship that can be bought for money. And YES, this is like the ARP Yamato deal, allowing noob whales to skip to tier X and forgo all the blood sweat and tears that goes into grinding to top tier. And YES, IT'S A SHIMAKAZE, THE TIER X NOOB MACHINE. I DO NOT HAVE HIGH HOPES FOR MANY AL SHIMAKAZE PLAYERS EITHER. With that out of the way, what benefit do you get for getting a special ship version of Shimakaze?
Well, to start, Special ships essentially have the premium bonus package already baked in, I.E: +50% Credits, +100% Ship XP, +100% Commander XP, +100% Free XP. On top of that, you also have a reduced repair cost compared to a standard tier X. Besides that, you can freely swap commanders onto this ship like a premium ship with no retraining required, making it a good trainer. These are the ONLY 2 reasons that make this ship more economically viable compared to Shimakaze. While the bonus package on Shimakaze can achieve 1 of these 3 effects, the other two, reduced repair cost and free commander swapping, puts this above standard Shimakaze as a result.
So, unfortunately, This is a slightly better Shimakaze. So if you REALLY like Shimakaze, and want a premium version of it, well, here it is, for a lot of goddamn money. Like $100+ expensive. Go figure ya know?
Also, the commander is voiced by Saori Hayami.
TLDR: Special Ship verison of Shimakaze. Take if you are a whale have a lot of expendable income to burn, AND really like Shimakaze (The ship), and or really like Shimakaze (the AL character).

Optional 3rd Pick: AL Yukikaze

AL Yukikaze is a similar version of the IJN DD Kagero, but with F8 torpedoes and no option for torpedo reload booster.
Now, this is the last of the semi-unique AL ships, as every other one has been copy-paste. Yukikaze at the very least is different in that she has F8 torpedoes. These differ than Kagero's choice by having less range, (8km vs 10km), higher damage (21k vs 20k), faster reload (104 sec vs 112 sec), and higher speed (76kts to 67kts) which also leads to a better reaction time of ~8.8 sec vs ~9.45 sec.
Now, does this make Yukikaze better? No, not really, as 8km is rather short range for high tier standards. It does make them almost break past ~8 sec reaction time with a full torpedo speed build, the best of any type 93 torpedo, but combined with the fact that it has no other differences in gun handling, DPM, HP, and consumables, I find this shorter ranged torpedo to be a high risk high reward setup, which already exacerbates high tier IJN DD gameplay further than it already is, being so heavily feast or famine.
I can really only recommend this ship if you really like Kagero for whatever reason and really like the 8km F8 playstyle. That and if you like the history of the ship and or like the character of the ship, voiced by Kana Yuuki, despite how annoying and self aggrandizing her character is made out to be.
TLDR: Kagero but 8km F8 torpedoes.
OK, now for the ships I really do not recommend at all for varying reasons. The reviews are going to be more brief from here on out.

Skip 1: AL Cheshire

Only get this if you really, REALLY want to get Cheshire right now. Currently, regular Cheshire is off sale, and cannot be obtained. For whatever reason you think you might need Cheshire, this is the only way to obtain her at the moment in AL form. Which more than likely means that if you want her, you are more than likely a fan of the AL character, as the ship itself is pretty bad. Kind of polarizing given that Cheshire in AL is pretty meta, and her in WoWs she's pretty solidly in D tier for competitiveness.
She is essentially a worse Albemarle, having no Spotter Plane, and garbage DPM for the tier. Really, the 9.2 in guns really only offer 59mm of pen vs 34mm, and better AP pen with overall flatter flight times, but not by much. The armor is Okayish, but trust me when you will get smacked through your bow and stern often, as you have a stepped citadel that if you get overmatched through either direction, you WILL get citadelled. While you get that 50% cit and hull repair party, it really doesn't matter that much when it happens so often, or you just get straight up dev striked. Combined with the lack of spotter plane, that 16km gun range will feel really short, especially when you are bottom tier.
You can at least be happy that the AA she has is up to par in how she is in AL, as it's best in class for her tier. Well, mostly, but her Flak Count is above average at 6+1, and combined with always having defensive fire, I recommend getting the commander skill Focus Fire Training, so you get that +1 flak cloud for 8 in total, which combined with Defensive fires flak buff, those flak bursts will do 7k a pop, Which is the equivalent to instantly destroying about 7 to 3 planes depending on the type if they run into it while DF is active.
Besides that, the commander is voiced by Shizuka Ishigami, and well, pretends to be a catgirl.
TLDR: Get this if you really really, REALLY want Cheshire and you don't have one, or because you really like the AL character.

Skip 2: AL Hornet

This is just Hornet. You can get her cheaper with a 25% discount coupon. It's also a CV, which I imagine is not everyones cup of tea.
The commander is voiced by Nozomi Yamamoto, and personally, I enjoy the happy go lucky characterization she has. This might be the ONLY reason you want to get Hornet, that or because you like the cool skin the ship has, and or the free 10 point commander.
TLDR: Get regular Hornet with 25% discount. ONLY buy this if you love AL Hornet (the character) to pieces.

Skip 3 & 4: AL Azuma and AL Agir

These two are just Agir and Azuma, coal ships, that you can get absolutely for free. They are also not really the best Tier IX cruisers anyways, as Azuma is super vulnerable to battleships, and Agir doesn't match up to the likes of other large cruisers at this tier.
That said, I can only imagine you getting these ships for the same reasons for Hornet, and that is because you are a fan of the AL characterization of these ships, as Azuma is voiced by Kiyono Yasuno, and Agir, Ayane Sakura. Or you just like the ship skins.
TLDR: Get Azuma and or Agir for free with Coal. ONLY buy this if you love AL Agir / AL Azuma (the characters).

BONUS: Commander Pack

Hahaha no. Unless you really love AL and don't mind by dropping... looks at price... 100$+ USD and getting a ton of fully voiced commanders, then go for it. The only other reason would be because you are a fresh player and need 10 point commanders for most of the nations in this game, which is really only useful if you need say concealment expert on destroyers for example, then sure, go for it if you find that to be an OK option.

EDIT: BONUS BONUS: AL Littorio

I forgot AL Roma, I mean AL Littorio is also a thing, and on an 80% sale.
Anyways, Roma herself sucks.
The guns have so much muzzle velocity that you will overpen targets 50% of the time. Combined with the Italian / french dispersion, which is one of the worst battleship dispersion formulas for battleships. So, they are fairly inconsistent guns as a result. Still, if the guns behave, they are pretty mean, as they have a lot of penetration for 15 in guns, on par with some of the best penetration for tier VIII battleships. They also have the best damage for 15 in guns for the tier as well. The gun handling is at least not total crap, as they have 30 sec 180° rotation time, which is above average for most BBs. The forward gun angles are decent too, at 31°, but her rear angles are worse at 40°.
Speaking off, the armor is fairly good at a first glance, with 45mm deck, 70mm deck sides, and a fairly small superstructure which has extra protection from her 90mm dual purpose guns 40mm barbettes and the conning tower. The citadel is slightly above water, but it is not a turtleback, so you WILL get punished for being broadside, considering the armor is 375mm + 40mm of armor or protection. The 40mm inner plate is not overmatchable at least, which is a small plus. At least, compared to the tech tree Tier IX and Tier X that have 25mm plates under their turtleback.
She also gets points for good concealment for her tier, being among the best, at 13.39km base, 11.7km max.
Overall, she's... a tough and sneaky nut to crack, unless she shows broadside. The guns themselves are a massive dirce roll each time, and kind of suck. When they behave though, usually at range, they are amongst the best 15in guns at tier VIII.
Oh and Roma is voiced by Yui Kondou.
Oh wait. This supposed to be Littorio. Whoops. Then that would be Shizuka Itou that voices her. And Yes, if you didn't know, this is for all intensive purposes SHOULD be AL Roma. The simple version of this is that the Vittorio Veneto class all had striking unique features that set them apart at a glance. There was a controversy a while ago about AL Littorio literally being Roma with a skin, as if you demout the camo, the Roma nameplate is still there. Same goes for our Tech Tree Vittorio Veneto, as it is too, just Roma. In fact, the upcoming Spanish Tier IX premium Victoria will be the first version of Roma that is somewhat different. But honestly, it doesn't count.
TLDR: It's a freaking Tier VIII BB on 80% off. Get it while it's hot I guess. Besides that, she has poor gun handling and accuracy, but strong armor (when angled), and good concealment.
submitted by SuperCustodiam to WorldOfWarships [link] [comments]

2024.05.16 22:52 Paperchain-s Research and reading in another language? Need advice.

I'm starting research for my undergraduate honors thesis in art history this summer. I'll be writing it in the fall, and revising it next spring before graduating. My research area is Renaissance and Reformation Spain, and I'm discovering more and more than not only are primary sources in Spanish, but a majority of the secondary literature is as well. I'm a native English speaker, and I have some slight proficiency in Spanish (as in, taken several high school classes and one in college, but none were very good) and in German (three good college classes, though its been a while). I really don't want my scholarship to be limited to exclusively what Anglophone research has been done, and I know that for my graduate degrees, I will need to demonstrate multiple language proficiencies anyway. So, I've been trying to figure out how to incorporate more non-English scholarship without being very good at the other language yet. But I need some advice! Here are my questions listed below for ease of reading and answering:
  1. Are there any specific resources or tips anyone has for getting access to more scholarship in other languages, particularly Spanish (from Spain, not Latin America)? I've done one paper citing several Spanish articles already, but it was extremely difficult to find them, and many times, they cited sources that I literally could not access-- not even by purchasing a physical book.
  2. What are things I can do to help with reading/translating sources I do find? I've been using ChatGPT to tediously translate articles page by page, and the translation is pretty good, but its not the most elegant system. I have to store my English-translated copy and cross-reference it. And, of course, this method won't work on anything that isn't digital.
  3. Similarly, what can I do to get better at my reading comprehension and speed in another language? I don't have room in my schedule to take any more language classes at my university, and even if I did, those classes are geared towards improving your conversation skills. I really just need to be able to skim essays written in other languages and understand key points without having to translate. Eventually, primary source analysis abilities will certainly be needed. Are there any structured ways to learn this? Or, if all I can do is teach myself, what strategies and methods do you recommend?
  4. And for a bit of an unrelated question, when you write papers citing a language other than English (assuming you are writing in English), how do you handle direct quotations? If you read the article through an AI translation, should you quote in the original language or English? Or both? I always dislike when papers include long excerpts of other languages without a translation, but if you want to include one, can it be your own translation? Or should you only include one if there is an official, published translation of the text?
  5. For primary sources, is it best to read them in the original language if at all possible? Obviously, reading the original language would get me more access, but I'm wondering what the feeling on translated primary sources is amongst academics.
Thanks for taking the time to answer, feel free to address as many or as few of these questions as you'd like, I'm all ears!
submitted by Paperchain-s to ArtHistory [link] [comments]

2024.05.16 22:10 Hefty_Fix_8416 WBW Spectactle Season 1, Episode 1 - Surprises after Surprises

Tuesday May 7th 2024
Wolstein Center, Cleveland, OH
WBW Presents: Tuesday Night Spectactle
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This theme plays as KO comes down to the ring. Kevin grabs a microphone and says “CLEVELAND! 2 nights ago I had a classic match with my best friend Sami Zayn.. Then the Nemeth Brothers decided to get involved and for whatever reason chose me to win. Now tonight I am in the main event against Drew Mc-”.This theme plays and Drew McIntyre comes down to the ring with a microphone. Drew says “Kevin would you please stop worrying about my friend Nic. This is going to be your downfall my friend. Focus on our match tonight. We are supposed to have a 5 star classic but instead you're worrying about a cheerleader. But if you want to keep focusing on the Nemeth’s they are here!”. Drew exits the ring much to KO’s confusion. Nic and Ryan hop the barricades and surround KO on both sides of the ring. KO throws a strike at Ryan first but the number’s game catches up to him fast. Sami runs down but is intercepted by Claymore from Drew. Drew hits Sami with a Futureshock DDT on the ramp and throws him into the ring. Drew says “Get a referee down here. I got confirmation already its Sami Zayn vs my boy Nic Nemeth next!”. A referee comes running down to the ring as Drew gets on commentary for the match.
This segment takes 10 minutes (2:50 left of show time)
Sami Zayn w/ Kevin Owens vs Nic Nemeth w/ Ryan Nemeth
Sami is still down after the vicious attack from Drew McIntyre. Nic hits his 10 Elbow Drops going for the pin right off the bat. Sami kicks out at 2. Nic hits the ground in frustration expecting an easy win. Nic sets up in the corner for a Sweet Chin Music connecting! Nic falls into a pinfall. Sami kicks out at 2 and a half. Sami finally begins to fight back with a few strikes and goes for an Exploder Suplex. Nic lands on his feet. Sami turns around right into a superkick. Nic sets up in the corner connecting with another superkick. Nic then climbs the turnbuckle and goes for a big Elbow Drop. Sami gets to his feet and connects with a Blue Thunder Bomb out of nowhere going for the pin. Nic kicks out at 2 and 3/4 much to Sami’s shock. Sami lifts Nic up and hits a Exploder Suplex into the corner. Nic stumbles into the corner and Sami backs into the other corner for a Helluva Kick. Ryan grabs his legs and drags Sami into the turnbuckle. The referee was busy checking on Nic! KO grabs Ryan and hits him with a powerbomb onto the apron. KO turns around right into a Claymore Kick from Drew. Drew taunts KO and Sami as Sami turns his attention to Drew upset at him. Nic sneaks up behind Sami and hits him with a Zig Zag going for the pin. Nic gets the 3! Nic slips out of the ring as Drew joins him on the ramp. Ryan holding his back joins them laughing. KO checks Sami, staring up the ramp at Drew pissed off.
This match takes 10 minutes (2:40 left of show time)
Sami is seen backstage with KO. KO is pissed off saying how he is going to make Drew pay for this. Sami calms KO down and tells him to just be prepared for his match. KO agrees and walks off. Sami walks up to Mark Steel’s office door and knocks. Mark yells “Come in”. Sami walks in and Mark ushers for him to sit down. Sami says “Mr Steel you have to realize that if nothing is done the Nemeth Brothers will get involved in the main event”. Mark looks at Sami and says “I've already dealt with that. They were asked to leave the arena. And as such you will too. That way neither Drew nor KO will have unnecessary help tonight. Do I make myself cl-”. Drew bursts into the room and says “Mark I don't care if the Nemeth Brothers are there or not. Unlike Kevin I don't need their help to win”. Drew walks out as Mark and Sami stare at each other in shock.
This segment takes 5 minutes (2:35 left of show time)
Seth Rollins vs Carmelo Hayes - Round 2 of Winners Bracket for World Title Tournament
Seth and Carmelo begin circling each other. Seth offers a handshake and Melo takes it. Seth quickly rolls Hayes up for a quick kick out at 1. Melo and Seth both get to their feet at the same time and Seth laughs. Hayes throws a right fist sending Seth right to the ground. Hayes lifts Seth up and hits a Suplex into the Spinning Back Elbow combo. Hayes climbs the turnbuckle and hits a Fedora Frog Splash going for the pin. Seth kicks out at 2. Hayes climbs the turnbuckle again going for a Nothing But Net. Seth gets to his feet and hits Hayes with a Revolution Knee in mid air. Hayes hits the ground with a thud and Seth takes advantage with a Pedigree going for the pin. Hayes kicks out at 2. Seth backs into the corner stomping and preparing for a Curbstomp. Hayes throws Seth up into the air and hits a Samoan Drop on the way down. Hayes follows up with a Fedora Frog Splash going for the pin and getting a 2 and a half on Seth. Hayes doesn't stop as he climbs again and hits Nothing But Net going for the pin again. Seth kicks out at 2 and 3/4 which makes Hayes hit the ground in frustration. Hayes backs into the corner with his eyes glazed. He sets up to hit Seth’s curbstomp. Seth rolls out of the way and Hayes turns around right into a Spinning Elbow. Seth drops into the corner and hits a Curbstomp. Seth connects and goes for the pin. Hayes kicks out at 2 and a half. Seth hits the ground before throwing Hayes up the Turnbuckle going for a Falcon Arrow followed by a second Falcon Arrow. Seth climbs again going for a Frog Splash but Hayes rolls out of the way. Hayes quickly climbs the ropes going for a Nothing but Net but Seth rolls out of the way before connecting with a Superkick to Hayes while he was on his knees. Seth climbs to the second Turnbuckle and hits a super curb stomp right then and there going for the pin and getting the 3. Seth sits on his knees as the announcer announces his victory! Seth is going on to Round 3!
This match takes 15 minutes (2:20 left of show time)
Austin Theory and Grayson Waller ambush Seth from behind. MJF jumps the barricade and joins the assault when Laredo Kid, Myzteziz and Artemis come running down to the ring. They chase off MJF and A-Town Down Under before helping Seth to his feet. Seth grabs a microphone and says “Hey Max. I'll see you next week”. Seth stands tall with the Air Riders as MJF and A-Town Down Under retreat up the ramp!
This segment takes 5 minutes (2:15 left of show time)
This theme plays and out comes AJ Styles. AJ grabs a microphone and says “Last Sunday in Pittsburgh I lost everything. The Judgement Day attacked me before my match and broke my arm. Now I make no excuses cause at the end of the day I am the one who tapped out. But now I must focus on whoever wins next week to decide who will face me next week as well in the Second Round of the Losers Bracket. Whoever it is just know I will walk through the fucking fi-”. This theme plays and Finn Balor comes down to the ring with JD and Dom. Finn says “Next week I have to face the winner of the main event but before that. Thought I would pay you a visit. To make sure you remember.. THE JUDGEMENT DAY RUN WBW”. Out of nowhere AJ is attacked from behind by Chris Ridgeway. Judgement Day has a new member! This theme plays The Calamari Catch Kings theme plays and Chris Brookes runs down to the ring with the Lykos Gym. The Lykos Gym and Chris Brookes even the numbers and chase the Judgement Day up the ramp. AJ puts out a Bullet Club forever sign and CCK joins him! Judgement Day has bigger worries now as Chris Ridgeway’s first round opponent in the Battleground Tournament is in the ring with Judgement Day’s biggest rival!
This segment takes 10 minutes (2:05 left of show time)
The Riott Squad vs Shafir and Duke - Qualifier for 6 team Ladder Match for Women's Tag Titles
There are currently 3 titles without champions crowned. The World Championship, The Battleground Championship and the Women's Tag Championship. The latter is the only one not in a tournament. Instead there will be 6 qualifiers, 2 per spectacle. Where the winners are added to a 6 team ladder match. Tonight we get the first of 6 qualifiers as Liv Morgan and Ruby Soho team up once more in WBW to take on 2 enforcers of the ring in Marina Shafir and Jessamyn Duke. It starts with Liv Morgan and Ruby Soho on top. They have slightly more chemistry and experience allowing them to take the early edge. However as the match goes on it gets more balanced as the technical duo begin to roll in the later half. The match reaches its boiling point when Shafir locks Liv in an arm bar. Liv manages to get out, tossing Shafir into the ropes. Duke tags in but gets off the apron. Liv doesnt know as she hits a ObLIVion followed by a tag to Soho. Soho sets up and hits Shafir with the Soho Kick going for the pin. Duke comes out of nowhere and hits Liv with a German right onto Soho. Liv and Shafir both roll out of the ring as Duke drops into the corner. Soho stirs to her feet and Duke connects with a spear. Duke falls into the pin and gets the 3 on Soho. Shafir joins her in the ring as they celebrate one step closer to the Women's Tag Titles!
This match takes 15 minutes (1:50 left of show time)
After the match The Riott Squad attack Shafir and Duke from behind clearly upset about their loss. Lola Vice runs down to the ring with a steel chair and chases them off. Liv and Ruby retreat up the ramp as Lola grabs a microphone. Duke and Shafir stand at either side of her and she says “WE ARE THE HORSEWOMEN” to a massive cheer from the crowd!
This segment takes 5 minutes (1:45 left of show time)
This theme plays and the Rated R Superstar makes his WBW debut! Edge comes out to a loud pop. He enters the ring with a microphone and says “CLEVELAND OHIO! I HAVE BEEN ALL AROUND THE WORLD. I HAVE BEEN IN COMPANY AFTER COMPANY. AND NOW I'M HERE IN WBW. Man it feels good to be here. A Lot of great men in that locker room. The Judgement Day, Seth Rollins, Matt Cardona and Brian Myers. All these men I have history with. And all these men I suspect I will have a match with at some point in my tenure here. But enough talking cause I'm itching to step in that ring once again. So if anybody in the back wants a shot at beating one of the greatest to ever step in the ring, come out right now.. THIS IS AN OPEN CHALLENGE!”. This theme plays and out comes WBW’s newest star, A little less massive but still a great get, the ever talented Cara Noir!
This segment takes 10 minutes (1:35 left of show time)
Edge vs Cara Noir
Edge offers his hand for a handshake but Cara bats it away. Edge looks shocked and before he can react Cara hits him with an uppercut. Cara Noir begins hitting aerial offense in hopes to put Edge on the back of his feet. It works at first until he goes for a springboard knee and gets speared out of mid air. Edge stomps into the corner and prepares hitting a second more impactful spear going for the pin. Edge gets the 3 over Cara and stands tall after a 5 minute match!
This match takes 5 minutes (1:30 left of show time)
Edge stands up after getting the 3 on Cara Noir to a load of cheers! His head then turns to the ramp as This theme plays. The crowd pops once again as Randy Orton slowly descends down the ramp. He begins circling the ring like a shark. Edge prepares for a fight as Orton reaches the front of the apron. Orton acts like he's gonna jump up but backs off laughing at Edge. Orton turns and returns up the ramp and the only question of Edge, and the crowds, mind.. What is Randy Orton up to?
This segment takes 5 minutes (1:25 left of show time)
The System are backstage celebrating their title win when The Premiere Athletes walk up to them. Woods says “Moose I could care less what you think I want my rematch”. Moose just starts laughing at him and then says “You just lost the Scramble Match you're gonna have to earn that rematch”. Woods responds with “Oh don't worry i'm well aware which is why I came back here to inform Brian Myers. It's me vs him next, sanctioned by WBW Owner Mark Steel himself. Cya out there Champ”. Josh Woods puts his hand on Brian’s shoulder for a second before walking off. Daivari and Nese follow him out.
This segment takes 5 second (1:20 left of show time)
Josh Woods vs Brian Myers w/ Eddie Edwards
Josh Woods and Brian Myers circle each other as the bell is rung. They quickly get into a technical lockup which Woods gets the better of pushing Myers into the corner. Woods backs up as the referee tells him too and Myers takes advantage with a low knee. The referee yells at him but Myers doesn't care going for an early pin. Woods kicks out at 1. Brian continues his assault for a little bit before climbing the ropes going for a Heat Seeking Elbow. Woods rolls out of the way and tries to lock in a Knee Bar. He cant get it in properly and Myers escapes with a Enzuigiri followed by a Roster Cut going for the pin. Woods kicks out at 2. Myers climbs the turnbuckle and hits a Heat Seeking Elbow. He climbs up one more time to hit a second one once again going for the pin. Woods kicks out at 2 and a half. Myers hits the ground and is frustrated. He then lifts Josh up looking for a Taste the Danger. Woods drops down behind him and catches him in the Knee Bar. Myers screams in pain as he's in the hold for well over a minute before finally tapping out. Woods has just gotten a massive win!
This match takes 10 minutes (1:10 left of show time)
After the match Moose hits Woods from behind with his belt. Daivari and Nese try to intercept but the tag champs get in their way and the 2 teams begin brawling through the crowd and out of the arena. Moose now has Woods all to himself as he sets up Game Changer. This theme plays and the Monster Among Men runs down to the ring. He hits Moose with a shoulder tackle sending him flying. Moose quickly slides out of the ring and retreats up the ramp as Braun helps Woods to his feet. Braun and Woods stand tall as Moose stands at the top of the ramp outraged.
This segment takes 5 minutes (1:05 left of show time)
Mark Steel is backstage talking to KO. KO says “Why did you tell Sami to go home, It was the Nemeth Brothers and Drew getting involved not him”. Mark responds with “It is my job to focus on safety and wellbe-”. Moose interrupts him, as KO storms off, “Wellbeing my ass. Braun just showed up and attacked me. I demand retribution”. Mark says “That's funny cause he only came out to protect Josh Woods who you attacked first. Instead i've decided it's going to be Josh Woods and Braun Strowman next week to decide who will be the #1 contender for your WBW Intercontinental Championship. Oh and if you or any other member of the System show up.. You will be forced to vacate your title immediat-”. Josh Woods walks up interrupting “Next week I'm gonna beat Braun Strowman and then I'm going to make you regret attacking me tonight”. Woods walks off as Mark takes a deep breath clearly annoyed about being interrupted yet again.
This match takes 10 minutes (0:50 left of show time)
Stupid Youth Project vs Paige Sisters w/ Ella Envy - Qualifier for 6 Team Ladder Match for Women's Tag Titles
Alice Crowley and Billie Starkz team up to take on Pretty Empowered’s Kylie and Kenzie Paige. Alice and Kenzie have a powerhouse display while Billie and Kylie use their high-flying ability. Both teams wanted to win badly. In the end it comes down to a last second ditch effort from Billie to connect with a frog splash and pin Kenzie for the 3 count. They will be joining The Horsewomen in the 6 team Ladder Match!
This match takes 10 minutes (0:40 left of show time)
Drew Gulak and Alpha Academy w/ Maxxine Dupri vs Legado Del Fantasma w/ Elektra Lopez
This match is a very chaotic match so like the Women's Tag Qualifiers I decided to just give it a basic description. All potential encounters happen as everyone from each team fought everyone from the other team. In the end Maxxine and Elektra argue and Elektra lays Maxxine out. This takes Otis’ attention for one second and the Los Lotharios take advantage with double chopblocks. Garza forces Otis to his feet and hits a Wingclipper as Humberto hits a Suicide Dive wiping out the rest of the Academy. Garza goes for the pin and Gulak attempts to get involved when he's hit with a Canadian Destroyer by Aeroboy. Gable gets to his feet and attempts to slide in but Escobar grabs his legs as Garza gets the 3! Legado Del Fantasma stood tall together in the ring celebrating.
This match takes 15 minutes (0:25 left of show time)
Chad Gable begins yelling at Otis. Drew Gulak gets in the way and tells Gable that's not how you treat your student. Gable shoves him and Gulak delivers a stiff kick before locking in an arm bar. Otis gets to his feet dejected as Gable yells out “Remember No Matter What”. Otis mutters under his breath “No Matter What” before lifting Drew off Gable and sending him crashing through the barricade. The rest of Alpha Academy meet them on the ramp as LDF watches the chaos in awe.
This segment takes 5 minutes (0:20 left of show time)
Drew McIntyre vs Kevin Owens - Round 2 of Winners Bracket for World Title Tournament
We finally reach the main event. Sami Zayn isn't allowed to show up, nor are the Nemeth Brothers. It's just Drew and KO. The match starts with KO lunging at Drew with a stiff kick before hitting him in the back sending him to the ground. Drew rolls out of the ring but KO follows persisting on the attack as the count starts. KO bangs Drew’s head off the announce table before throwing him into the steel steps. KO follows and Drew manages to get to his feet connecting with a Claymore. Drew quickly ducks in the ring looking for an easy 10 count. Kevin gets in at 9. Drew persists on the attack hitting a Futureshock DDT going for the pin. Kevin kicks out at 1. Drew looks shocked and backs into the corner. Drew begins counting down from 3 and goes for the Claymore. Kevin catches him mid air and hits a Powerbomb on the spot going for a pin. Drew kicks out at 1. KO hits the ground in frustration as Drew stumbles into the corner. KO kicks Drew in the midsection before backing up. He turns around and goes for the cannonball but Drew moves out of the way just in the nick of time! Drew connects with a Claymore going for the pin. KO kicks out at 2. Drew gets in the referee's face and asks him why it wasn't a 3. KO takes advantage pushing Drew into the referee knocking the referee out. KO then hits Drew with the Stunner followed by a Powerbomb. KO goes for the pin but Drew kicks out at 2.. Not that the referee was up anyway. KO climbs the turnbuckle and goes for a frog splash. Drew rolls out of the way and connects with a second claymore as the referee gets to his feet. Drew goes for the pin but KO kicks out at 2 and a half. Drew hits the ground in frustration, confused how it wasnt a 3. Drew lifts KO up for a Futureshock when KO reverses into a stunner. KO then lifts Drew up but his knee gives out and Drew lands in front of him connecting with a Glasgow Kiss followed by a Futureshock DDT going for the pin. KO kicks out at 2 and 3/4 and Drew goes absolutely crazy dropping back into the corner and connecting with another Claymore. Drew isn't done as he drops into the corner a second time hitting yet another Claymore. Drew doesn't care as he drops into the corner for a third time and begins counting down from 3. KO gets to his feet and hits a pop up powerbomb out of nowhere going for the pin. 2 masked men jump the barricade with “3MB” shirts on and pull the referee out of the ring. KO gets the 3 before he realizes the referee is gone. The 2 men remove their masks and climb onto the apron on both sides, thus revealing themselves to be Heath Slater and Jinder Mahal! The crowd pops as Drew’s buddies enter the ring and go after KO. At first KO does alright but then the Numbers Game catches up to him when Drew gets involved. Drew drops into the corner and begins counting down from 3 as Jinder and Heath force the referee up and toss him into the ring. Drew connects with the Claymore for a 6th time in this match going for the pin. This time Kevin cannot answer the 3 count! Jinder and Heath join Drew in the ring as 3MB celebrate together!
This match takes 20 minutes (Show Finish)
submitted by Hefty_Fix_8416 to fantasybooking [link] [comments]

2024.05.16 12:26 Whole-Law-2771 Study in Europe Learning Opportunities

Language Learning Opportunities:
Europe offers abundant opportunities for language learning, with many countries boasting multiple official languages and vibrant language-learning communities. Going abroad provides an immersive environment for language acquisition, allowing you to sharpen your language skills through daily interactions, academic coursework, and cultural experiences.
Whether you're learning French in Paris, German in Berlin, or Spanish in Barcelona,mastering a new language can enhance your academic, professional, and personal development.
Affordability and Scholarships:
Despite its reputation for academic excellence, studying in Europe can be surprisingly affordable, especially compared to other popular study-abroad destinations. Many European countries offer low or even tuition-free education for international students, making graduate studies financially accessible. Additionally, numerous scholarships, grants, and funding opportunities are available to support talented and deserving students, further reducing the financial burden of pursuing a graduate degree in Europe.
submitted by Whole-Law-2771 to u/Whole-Law-2771 [link] [comments]

2024.05.16 11:23 shwoopypadawan Looking for advice while homeless for 2 weeks (study abroad gone pretty wrong)

I worked my ass off doing research and selling a bunch of my stuff to get the plane tickets because I'm pretty broke. I was excited for this trip because I was accepted into a German university for graduate school and figured I'd get a good introduction to living in Germany, and to be honest, Berlin itself has been great, all the locals I've met have been very nice to me, but my professors and everyone working from my university have been really unprofessional and tricky and now I'm in an unsafe position.** EDIT to add that when I say Friday I mean tomorrow, so I have about 1 day until getting kicked out of the hotel. I also didn't need a visa to get here, though I will be getting one for my graduate program in September, but this current program was less than a month long so it was counted as group tourism basically.
Long explanation, skip to the bottom for the TLDR:
Before I even got on a single plane, I found out customer service for my phone carrier and I had a misunderstanding a month ago when I bought my international plan and found out about 3 days in advance that my phone would be a brick here. I told the professor immediately and she said worse case scenario she would help me get a working phone when I landed, since it's kind of needed for basic safety. Just half a day before the first flight, I got bitten by a few deer ticks and said I might also need help scheduling a doctors appointment when I land, because our travel insurance required a working phone number and it was too late for me to make an appointment before my flight. The professor said that was fine and I would be helped with that as well, so I got on the first plane in full confidence.
When I landed, a day passed without either thing being handled, and that was fine by me, but then multiple days passed and the professor kind of just waved it off. I'd started to feel a little unwell and asked the professor to help me find a doctor and she said it was just jetlag.
One of the first days of the program we went to a restaurant, and the seating was a very small reserved room with our entire 20+ cohort in it. I have CPTSD and am claustrophobic and knew immediately that I did not want to sit there, so I asked the professor if she could help me ask the staff request a seat for me in the outside dining area, or, if one wasn't available, that I could just sit outside on a nearby bench and skip dinner. She told me the room was reserved for us and this was on the itinerary so I HAD to sit there, and when I again said I didn't think I could, she demanded I sit there again and condescendingly asked me if I really couldn't or just didn't want to. I started to cry as quietly as possible and then that suddenly made her understand, so we went outside and I explained that, in my opinion, trying to force any adult to do something they're uncomfortable with and have said "No" to is bad enough to me normally, but since I have a disability, it's also ableist. I tried to frame that sentiment in a "I'm sure you didn't mean it this way" kind of way but she still took offence to the criticism and I think that led to the rest of this.
After that happened I was feeling more ill and the professor said, "Oh, do you think it's lyme? Because if it was lyme you'd have a rash. It's probably still jetlag". At this point I said again that I needed some help getting a working phone number and medical advice from a doctor and she told me to take responsibility for myself. I'd bought myself a SIM card but it needed some unexpected trouble shooting and everything was in German (I know some German but only around A2 level and absolutely none is required for this program), so I'd already tried to help myself, and again could not schedule myself an appointment without a working phone.
I asked the professor if she could put her phone number in just to let the appointment scheduling process complete and she said no. I asked if she had any other ideas and she again told me to figure it out. I wound up walking 20 minutes through Berlin alone with no working phone to a doctor's office unannounced, barely able to fill half the sign in sheet and navigate the language barrier, and successfully got the antibiotics I needed and a lyme diagnosis. The nurse even asked why I came alone. Thankfully for me everyone in the doctors office including the doctor was very very nice to me despite the curveball I through them.
Not long after all that the professor sent an email with me cc'd in to the office of international affairs at the university, and the email said, in effect, "This student said they have a disability and can't stick to the itinerary and therefore I think they're not a good fit for this program and should go home." I immediately responded that that wasn't accurate, that I just could not sit inside a restaurant or other very cramped space, etc. Then I figured while I was at it I'd tell them about the total lack of care for my safety or wellbeing here. After sending that email the professor confronted me and tried to pretty much intimidate me into admitting everything was all my fault or something, I honestly have no clue, I think she was just upset and trying to make me feel better somehow. I think my criticism really got to her and made her kind of just hate me and that she wanted to make me make her feelings make sense. No clue honestly.
Anyway, after that the office of international affairs reached back out to me and were acting way nicer than they were when I first enrolled in this program, which felt sus, but I was haggard and miserable and wanted to be able to trust them so I did. They told me if I was considering coming home early for my own health and safety, that I could unenroll that night to make sure the alum who gave me a scholarship would at least be refunded, but that I had to do it that night since it was the last day to drop for a refund. I said I wasn't sure if I wanted to leave the program, and they said if you're considering it unenroll and if you want to stay after further discussion then we can probably just go ahead and re enroll you.
So I did it. The next day I'm scheduled to meet with someone who told me the day or so before that she would be my advocate and that she was there to listen to and represent me, and when I join the zoom meeting, it's her, but also two other people from the international affairs office. They're telling me my return flight has already been scheduled and everything and that they were sending out a person to chaperone me on the flight, because, though it was totally ignored on my flights here, I'd mentioned at the very start of the application process that I'd been a human trafficking victim before and ideally wanted to fly with someone instead of alone. All of this had less than a 24 hour turnaround from me unenrolling.
I realized hours after unenrolling that I don't want to leave the program, I just want to actually be allowed to engage in the program as it was advertised and as it was promised, and that leaving the program, to me, feels like capitulating to the professor being an asshole to me and like removing liability from the university. In short I think I pretty much got tricked into unenrolling. I told them I didn't want to leave early and they told me they already scheduled everything and got a refund for my hotel room, so if I don't take the flight back Friday, I will be homeless on the streets for 2 weeks until the flight that I personally purchased for the 31st, and that since I hit the unenroll button, my housing, health, or safety will no longer be the universities problem after Friday.
So, the fuck do I do with this, ya'll got any life advice? Or know any cheap hostels or something? Or even just some moral support haha.
TLDR: Got tricked into hitting unenroll button after damaging professors ego, most likely purposely tricked to absolve the university of responsibility because how the profs were treating me and everything I described probably did make me a liability even if not my fault, but I'm mad and I'm enjoying Berlin and don't want to leave early or let the university get away with risking my health and safety multiple times with no apologies.
Sidenote: The professor also said a lot of things insinuating that, because she didn't like me, neither would any of my professors in my grad school program will, and as much as I think she said it in a vindictive way, I will admit it has me second guessing if I want to actually pursue that in September. After all this I just feel like running from academia in general.
submitted by shwoopypadawan to askberliners [link] [comments]

2024.05.16 09:40 shwoopypadawan Need advice ASAP (study abroad program gone pretty wrong)

I'm currently in Berlin, Germany, and about to be homeless for 2 weeks on the streets. I signed up for a study abroad program from my university, which I just graduated from last semester. I paid the application fee, got picked, paid for my own flight here and back, and then got a scholarship from an alumni couple in the department I got my degree in, and that scholarship paid for the rest of the trip.
I worked my ass off doing research and selling a bunch of my stuff to get the plane tickets because I'm pretty broke. I was excited for this trip because I was accepted into a German university for graduate school and figured I'd get a good introduction to living in Germany, and to be honest, Berlin itself has been great, all the locals I've met have been very nice to me, but my professors and everyone working from my university have been really unprofessional and tricky and now I'm in an unsafe position. **EDIT TO ADD, when I say they're trying to make me go home Friday I mean tomorrow, so I have like 1 day until I'm kicked out of the hotel.
Long explanation, skip to the bottom for a TLDR:
Before I even got on a single plane, I found out customer service for my phone carrier and I had a misunderstanding a month ago when I bought my international plan and found out about 3 days in advance that my phone would be a brick here. I told the professor immediately and she said worse case scenario she would help me get a working phone when I landed, since it's kind of needed for basic safety. Just half a day before the first flight, I got bitten by a few deer ticks and said I might also need help scheduling a doctors appointment when I land, because our travel insurance required a working phone number and it was too late for me to make an appointment before my flight. The professor said that was fine and I would be helped with that as well, so I got on the first plane in full confidence.
When I landed, a day passed without either thing being handled, and that was fine by me, but then multiple days passed and the professor kind of just waved it off. I'd started to feel a little unwell and asked the professor to help me find a doctor and she said it was just jetlag.
One of the first days of the program we went to a restaurant, and the seating was a very small reserved room with our entire 20+ cohort in it. I have CPTSD and am claustrophobic and knew immediately that I did not want to sit there, so I asked the professor if she could help me ask the staff request a seat for me in the outside dining area, or, if one wasn't available, that I could just sit outside on a nearby bench and skip dinner. She told me the room was reserved for us and this was on the itinerary so I HAD to sit there, and when I again said I didn't think I could, she demanded I sit there again and condescendingly asked me if I really couldn't or just didn't want to. I started to cry as quietly as possible and then that suddenly made her understand, so we went outside and I explained that, in my opinion, trying to force any adult to do something they're uncomfortable with and have said "No" to is bad enough to me normally, but since I have a disability, it's also ableist. I tried to frame that sentiment in a "I'm sure you didn't mean it this way" kind of way but she still took offence to the criticism and I think that led to the rest of this.
After that happened I was feeling more ill and the professor said, "Oh, do you think it's lyme? Because if it was lyme you'd have a rash. It's probably still jetlag". At this point I said again that I needed some help getting a working phone number and medical advice from a doctor and she told me to take responsibility for myself. I'd bought myself a SIM card but it needed some unexpected trouble shooting and everything was in German (I know some German but only around A2 level and absolutely none is required for this program), so I'd already tried to help myself, and again could not schedule myself an appointment without a working phone.
I asked the professor if she could put her phone number in just to let the appointment scheduling process complete and she said no. I asked if she had any other ideas and she again told me to figure it out. I wound up walking 20 minutes through Berlin alone with no working phone to a doctor's office unannounced, barely able to fill half the sign in sheet and navigate the language barrier, and successfully got the antibiotics I needed and a lyme diagnosis. The nurse even asked why I came alone. Thankfully for me everyone in the doctors office including the doctor was very very nice to me despite the curveball I through them.
Not long after all that the professor sent an email with me cc'd in to the office of international affairs at the university, and the email said, in effect, "This student said they have a disability and can't stick to the itinerary and therefore I think they're not a good fit for this program and should go home." I immediately responded that that wasn't accurate, that I just could not sit inside a restaurant or other very cramped space, etc. Then I figured while I was at it I'd tell them about the total lack of care for my safety or wellbeing here. After sending that email the professor confronted me and tried to pretty much intimidate me into admitting everything was all my fault or something, I honestly have no clue, I think she was just upset and trying to make me feel better somehow. I think my criticism really got to her and made her kind of just hate me and that she wanted to make me make her feelings make sense. No clue honestly.
Anyway, after that the office of international affairs reached back out to me and were acting way nicer than they were when I first enrolled in this program, which felt sus, but I was haggard and miserable and wanted to be able to trust them so I did. They told me if I was considering coming home early for my own health and safety, that I could unenroll that night to make sure the alum who gave me a scholarship would at least be refunded, but that I had to do it that night since it was the last day to drop for a refund. I said I wasn't sure if I wanted to leave the program, and they said if you're considering it unenroll and if you want to stay after further discussion then we can probably just go ahead and re enroll you.
So I did it. The next day I'm scheduled to meet with someone who told me the day or so before that she would be my advocate and that she was there to listen to and represent me, and when I join the zoom meeting, it's her, but also two other people from the international affairs office. They're telling me my return flight has already been scheduled and everything and that they were sending out a person to chaperone me on the flight, because, though it was totally ignored on my flights here, I'd mentioned at the very start of the application process that I'd been a human trafficking victim before and ideally wanted to fly with someone instead of alone. All of this had less than a 24 hour turnaround from me unenrolling.
I realized hours after unenrolling that I don't want to leave the program, I just want to actually be allowed to engage in the program as it was advertised and as it was promised, and that leaving the program, to me, feels like capitulating to the professor being an asshole to me and like removing liability from the university. In short I think I pretty much got tricked into unenrolling. I told them I didn't want to leave early and they told me they already scheduled everything and got a refund for my hotel room, so if I don't take the flight back Friday, I will be homeless on the streets for 2 weeks until the flight that I personally purchased for the 31st, and that since I hit the unenroll button, my housing, health, or safety will no longer be the universities problem after Friday.
So, the fuck do I do with this, ya'll got any advice? I could really use some. Or even just some support haha.
TLDR: Got tricked into hitting unenroll button after damaging professors ego, most likely purposely tricked to absolve the university of responsibility because how the profs were treating me and everything I described probably did make me a liability even if not my fault, but I'm mad and I'm enjoying Berlin and don't want to leave or let the university get away with risking my health and safety multiple times with no apologies. Currently will probably be homeless in Berlin for 2 weeks.
submitted by shwoopypadawan to CollegeRant [link] [comments]

2024.05.16 06:26 Plenty-Sleep-8609 Other countries with laws similar to 5 StAG?

Hi all, while not specifically related to German citizenship, I figured this group might be interested in this topic and be knowledgable about this type of citizenship law/option in other countries.
5 StAG was passed to correct for previous gender discrimination and was hugely impactful for so many of us. This got me thinking – are there other examples from other countries (EU or not) where similar laws have been passed?
For example, The Netherlands passed a law in 2010 that creates a similar "option procedure" to claim Dutch nationality if descended from a Dutch mother and non-Dutch father, giving options for so-called "latent Dutch" to claim a nationality they should have been entitled to.
Do folks know of other examples of, and links to, laws or decrees like 5 StAG, the Dutch law, or something else in other countries?
submitted by Plenty-Sleep-8609 to GermanCitizenship [link] [comments]

2024.05.16 03:51 Narrow_Muscle9572 Water Bears and Dirt Rats

In 1945, the United States underwent Operation Paperclip which gave over 1,600 German scientists, engineers and technicians sanctuary and absolution of their crimes in exchange for the continuation of their research.
In 1953 the United States executed MK Ultra, an illegal human experiment that used its citizens (targeting schools, hospitals and prisons) as test subjects.
In 1954 Plum Island was turned into a research center for diseases.
In 1975 the first documented case of Lyme disease occurred. Rumored to have escaped Plum Island.
In 2005 the DHS announced that all the work done at Plum Island would be continued in Kansas. Not just the center of the continental United States, but also home to crops seen in grocery stores all over the country.
The following is a true story.
Getting into work, one of the first things I do is check my mail. I’ve been a reporter for years and have amassed fans who like to write in and give me leads. Most of the time these leads don't amount to much (Sometimes I wonder if people send me things because of my apophenia and they are trying to get me off their scent), but every once in a while I strike gold.
I had been working at Whisper Alley Echos for a few months by the time I got my first lead. The package I got was small and when I opened it I saw a DVD that had the words “play me” written in black marker on it. Not knowing what was on it, I waited until I got home to put it on. Not just because I didnt know what was on it, but I was also busy working on a different project about how everyone in a nearby town just went missing. The official story is that they all went on vacation or went to visit a relative and decided to stay. I dont know about you, but I found that suspicious.
After getting home and shifting gears to get into the movie mood (popcorn, blinds pulled, etc…) I popped the DVD in and began watching.
There were dozens of different videos to pick from, some ranging from a minute to half an hour. Instead of picking one at random, I just played them in order. After all, all their titles were dates and times and I didnt want to miss anything that might make sense later.
The first video featured a tardigrade, at the time I didnt know what it was, but the scientist doing the voice over described it as being a microscopic animal as well as being extremely resilient. This went on for several minutes and for a moment it felt as though I was watching a nature documentary instead of something given to me by a government whistleblower.
The next few videos featured footage of the tardigrades being given something called “BB-F828” and the changes it caused.
The voiceover talked about how a tardigrade (this time he called them water bears and the two terms were interchangeable from this point on) was showing signs of several thousand generations of evolution in only a few days. Even though I know nothing about science, I could see that the thing on the television was not the same animal that was shown in the first video.
While they were never “cute”, at least they never looked like predators, but after a few videos I saw that the tardigrades were covered in what appeared to be padding. In a later video this padding would change into being chitin-like armor.
The last video was filmed two months after the water bears were given BB-F828 and in it the scientists could see them even without a microscope.
The next morning I went into work and started writing on my computer, copying notes from my small notebook. However by the time I started the second draft, Andrea, the office secretary, dropped a letter off at my desk.
It was the first time I got a letter about an “inside scoop” two days in a row.
The letter said that they were the ones who sent the DVD and if I wanted to know more I would have to go to The Rats Skeleton (a bar that used to be a speakeasy during prohibition. Because of this the place feels as though its a front for a comic book villain. The owners have leaned into this and did everything they could to reinforce this feeling with sparse lighting and everything that isn't red velvet on the walls being painted black) at a specific time.
Usually I wouldn't go meet strangers after getting an anonymous letter that tells me to come alone, but its a small town and I didn't have much going on that particular Thursday.
Parking behind the Merc (short for mercantile, where most of the grocery and general shopping is done in town), I descended the stairs and made my way to the back of the bar. There I found a woman that didnt look like she slept in days. Since no one else was in that back area I figured she must have been the person I was there to see.
“Hey, I’m Daniel West. Am I—”
“Sit” the woman said, motioning across from her. I sat down and asked her for her name but she didn’t want to answer me and when i asked for it a second time she claimed it was Jane, but there is no doubt that was not her real name.
“What made you reach out, Jane?”
“You saw the video?”
I nodded. “Yup.”
“And?”
“I have a lot of questions” I answered.
“Figured you would” Jane said. “Ask.”
“Well, first” I said, my journalistic inexperience showing as I went through my pocket notebook. “Who are you and why do you know all this?”
“Name isnt important” Jane answered. “Let me start from the beginning. We thought we were working on human survivability” Jane answered. “I thought that I was working for some company that had a government contract. That might be true, it might not be. Either way lots of money and resources have been put into this.”
“I saw the video” I answered. “What exactly was it that I was watching?”
Janes eyes were frantic as she looked at the stairs behind me. When I turned around to see what she was looking at I saw a local descending the steps and approach the bar. She only answered my question when she was convinced that the man wasn't eavesdropping, still, she spoke in whispers.
“We were working on human survivability.”
“You said that. What does that mean?”
“Exactly what it sounds like. Consider we civilize mars and the long term effects from the static radiation there. Or another planet that demands thicker bones because of increased gravity? Evolution might give us those things eventually but what if we need it now? In this generation?”
“So you made super humans?”
Jane was annoyed and slapped the table. No one was around to hear or see her but I still looked around anyways.
“We didn’t work on humans. We piggybacked off of some other countries' genetic research and made some breakthroughs of our own. When—-“
“Other countries?” I interrupted instead of letting her talk.
“Yeah” Jane said with a shrug. “Some countries aren’t tied down by the same code of ethics as ours.”
“That’s why you got a hold of me? To tell—-“
“We were working on small parts. At first individual genes, building from that success we went on to more complex organisms. Eventually, hopefully, test on humans.”
“But you never made it that far?”
“No” Jane said, taking a sip from her glass. “We tested BB-F828 on other things, building up towards human testing.”
“Okay, like what?”
Jane inhaled through her nose and looked at me as though she wasnt sure if I could be trusted. Then she sighed when she realized it was too late not to trust me, she had already went too far to turn back. “What do you think has the best chance of not only surviving a planet wide disaster, but also thrive in it?”
“Cockroaches” I answered.
Jane nodded. “Sure. Lots of people would agree with you, however that wouldn't be the best pick.”
“Oh? Then what would be?”
“Rats.”
I laughed.
“They are tough and can thrive anywhere. Even before BB-F828 they are smarter than roaches, plus rats have a complicated social hierarchy, similar to humans. Remember, I didn't just say survive. I said thrive.”
“So you tested all this on rats?”
Jane nodded. “We did.”
I waited for Jane to continue, but thanks to her staring off into space due to lack of sleep, she waited longer.
“What happened?”
Janes eyes drifted back at me, she was running on fumes. “Huh? Oh, yeah. Rats, right?” she asked while pulling a folder out from the seat next to her. She set it on the table and slid it over to me. “Here, take a peek.”
I opened it, expecting redacted pages of ‘evidence’ and while I got some of that, it was the photos that drew my attention the most. At first the photos were individual rats and a designated number they received instead of a name.
“How many rats did you experiment—” I started, but my voice trailed off when I came across a photo of the one rat with unique markings on its back now appearing to be bred for a war on pleasant dreams. Its eyes were pearly gray, teeth became tusks, its whiskers were thick and barbed. According to the scale it was on when the second photo was taken it weighed twenty nine point four kilos.
“A few hundred?” Jane answered, though it was obvious that it was just a guess. “They were paired off and put in different environments to see how they adapt.”
“Why would you pair them off?”
“I think it was to see if some would branch out and become their own species” Jane answered as she checked her watch. Seeing the time she sped up. “See, when something with BB-F828 finds itself in a desert, it might adapt to the point that it grows a hump like a camel. Or grow gills if they are in the ocean. The original purpose was for human survivability on other planets. We thought if we could discover how the adaptations work, and it could be repeated exactly the same over and over again, we could do something for humans. After all you wouldn't want anything unexpected to happen when you're in the middle of growing another set of arms or a dorsal fin, right?”Jane said. “But to do this we needed lots of subjects and all in their own environments. Each one had their own surprises, after all, evolution is random. Favors some things over others. One species can branch out to be dozens or hundreds. Thousands with enough time and environmental factors. When the tardigrades started displaying more predatory behavior we thought it was due to the change in diet and the increase in protein, but now we think its due to the rapid change. It drives them insane. All of this was surprising, but none as surprising as the ‘dirt rats’.”
“Wait. They are all insane? Also, dirt rats?” I asked, flipping the photo over to show the next one. This one revealed what I thought was a bear, but when I was about to flip it over to look at the next one I noticed its teeth. Thats when I noticed that it was a huge, muscular rat.
“Six breeding pairs, all kept in an empty pool full of dirt. They weren't given enough room to get out of the dirt, so they had to adapt to living in it. Anyways, because they are in the dirt its harder to keep track of what they are doing. Because of that, by the time we discovered that they had burrowed their way out of the facility it was too late. They were gone.”
“Gone? What do you mean?”
“Escaped,” Jane whispered. “And they are growing.”
“Growing?”
“Last I heard, they were nearly sixty feet but we honestly don't know. It's not like we can compare them to anything else.”
“Sixty feet?” I laughed. “Someone would have saw them by—”
“Underground” Jane said with a shake of her head. “They are underground. I know it's hard to believe, but how else can you explain those earthquakes in Chicago? New York?”
“Are you saying there are giant rats under those cities?”
“I am saying they aren't rats anymore. They are something else entirely. I am saying six breeding pairs might not sound like a lot, but rats reproduce so quickly it's terrifying. I am saying that they are so big and there are so many of them that they are causing those earthquakes. I am saying that due to their size they burn off lots of calories and some have evolved to hibernating.”
“Why hibernation?”
“No idea, but when they wake up they are going to be very hungry. Ravenous.”
“Any idea when that might be?” I asked.
Jane shrugged. “Some already have. We just covered it up.”
It might have been my apophenia talking, but with that statement I started seeing the bigger picture and asked Jane about the town that went missing (The story I was working on before her DVD reached me). Jane gave me the politician's answer, saying something without actually saying something, and that was enough to confirm that I was indeed on the right track.
Unfortunately Jane and I did not speak for much longer, she got a call that freaked her out and she took off. Before she left she took the folder and the pictures I was still going through. I haven't seen or heard from her since and have dropped the story about the disappearances that have secretly been plaguing our country.
WAE
submitted by Narrow_Muscle9572 to WhisperAlleyEchos [link] [comments]

2024.05.16 03:50 Narrow_Muscle9572 Water Bears and Dirt Rats

In 1945, the United States underwent Operation Paperclip which gave over 1,600 German scientists, engineers and technicians sanctuary and absolution of their crimes in exchange for the continuation of their research.
In 1953 the United States executed MK Ultra, an illegal human experiment that used its citizens (targeting schools, hospitals and prisons) as test subjects.
In 1954 Plum Island was turned into a research center for diseases.
In 1975 the first documented case of Lyme disease occurred. Rumored to have escaped Plum Island.
In 2005 the DHS announced that all the work done at Plum Island would be continued in Kansas. Not just the center of the continental United States, but also home to crops seen in grocery stores all over the country.
The following is a true story.
Getting into work, one of the first things I do is check my mail. I’ve been a reporter for years and have amassed fans who like to write in and give me leads. Most of the time these leads don't amount to much (Sometimes I wonder if people send me things because of my apophenia and they are trying to get me off their scent), but every once in a while I strike gold.
I had been working at Whisper Alley Echos for a few months by the time I got my first lead. The package I got was small and when I opened it I saw a DVD that had the words “play me” written in black marker on it. Not knowing what was on it, I waited until I got home to put it on. Not just because I didnt know what was on it, but I was also busy working on a different project about how everyone in a nearby town just went missing. The official story is that they all went on vacation or went to visit a relative and decided to stay. I dont know about you, but I found that suspicious.
After getting home and shifting gears to get into the movie mood (popcorn, blinds pulled, etc…) I popped the DVD in and began watching.
There were dozens of different videos to pick from, some ranging from a minute to half an hour. Instead of picking one at random, I just played them in order. After all, all their titles were dates and times and I didnt want to miss anything that might make sense later.
The first video featured a tardigrade, at the time I didnt know what it was, but the scientist doing the voice over described it as being a microscopic animal as well as being extremely resilient. This went on for several minutes and for a moment it felt as though I was watching a nature documentary instead of something given to me by a government whistleblower.
The next few videos featured footage of the tardigrades being given something called “BB-F828” and the changes it caused.
The voiceover talked about how a tardigrade (this time he called them water bears and the two terms were interchangeable from this point on) was showing signs of several thousand generations of evolution in only a few days. Even though I know nothing about science, I could see that the thing on the television was not the same animal that was shown in the first video.
While they were never “cute”, at least they never looked like predators, but after a few videos I saw that the tardigrades were covered in what appeared to be padding. In a later video this padding would change into being chitin-like armor.
The last video was filmed two months after the water bears were given BB-F828 and in it the scientists could see them even without a microscope.
The next morning I went into work and started writing on my computer, copying notes from my small notebook. However by the time I started the second draft, Andrea, the office secretary, dropped a letter off at my desk.
It was the first time I got a letter about an “inside scoop” two days in a row.
The letter said that they were the ones who sent the DVD and if I wanted to know more I would have to go to The Rats Skeleton (a bar that used to be a speakeasy during prohibition. Because of this the place feels as though its a front for a comic book villain. The owners have leaned into this and did everything they could to reinforce this feeling with sparse lighting and everything that isn't red velvet on the walls being painted black) at a specific time.
Usually I wouldn't go meet strangers after getting an anonymous letter that tells me to come alone, but its a small town and I didn't have much going on that particular Thursday.
Parking behind the Merc (short for mercantile, where most of the grocery and general shopping is done in town), I descended the stairs and made my way to the back of the bar. There I found a woman that didnt look like she slept in days. Since no one else was in that back area I figured she must have been the person I was there to see.
“Hey, I’m Daniel West. Am I—”
“Sit” the woman said, motioning across from her. I sat down and asked her for her name but she didn’t want to answer me and when i asked for it a second time she claimed it was Jane, but there is no doubt that was not her real name.
“What made you reach out, Jane?”
“You saw the video?”
I nodded. “Yup.”
“And?”
“I have a lot of questions” I answered.
“Figured you would” Jane said. “Ask.”
“Well, first” I said, my journalistic inexperience showing as I went through my pocket notebook. “Who are you and why do you know all this?”
“Name isnt important” Jane answered. “Let me start from the beginning. We thought we were working on human survivability” Jane answered. “I thought that I was working for some company that had a government contract. That might be true, it might not be. Either way lots of money and resources have been put into this.”
“I saw the video” I answered. “What exactly was it that I was watching?”
Janes eyes were frantic as she looked at the stairs behind me. When I turned around to see what she was looking at I saw a local descending the steps and approach the bar. She only answered my question when she was convinced that the man wasn't eavesdropping, still, she spoke in whispers.
“We were working on human survivability.”
“You said that. What does that mean?”
“Exactly what it sounds like. Consider we civilize mars and the long term effects from the static radiation there. Or another planet that demands thicker bones because of increased gravity? Evolution might give us those things eventually but what if we need it now? In this generation?”
“So you made super humans?”
Jane was annoyed and slapped the table. No one was around to hear or see her but I still looked around anyways.
“We didn’t work on humans. We piggybacked off of some other countries' genetic research and made some breakthroughs of our own. When—-“
“Other countries?” I interrupted instead of letting her talk.
“Yeah” Jane said with a shrug. “Some countries aren’t tied down by the same code of ethics as ours.”
“That’s why you got a hold of me? To tell—-“
“We were working on small parts. At first individual genes, building from that success we went on to more complex organisms. Eventually, hopefully, test on humans.”
“But you never made it that far?”
“No” Jane said, taking a sip from her glass. “We tested BB-F828 on other things, building up towards human testing.”
“Okay, like what?”
Jane inhaled through her nose and looked at me as though she wasnt sure if I could be trusted. Then she sighed when she realized it was too late not to trust me, she had already went too far to turn back. “What do you think has the best chance of not only surviving a planet wide disaster, but also thrive in it?”
“Cockroaches” I answered.
Jane nodded. “Sure. Lots of people would agree with you, however that wouldn't be the best pick.”
“Oh? Then what would be?”
“Rats.”
I laughed.
“They are tough and can thrive anywhere. Even before BB-F828 they are smarter than roaches, plus rats have a complicated social hierarchy, similar to humans. Remember, I didn't just say survive. I said thrive.”
“So you tested all this on rats?”
Jane nodded. “We did.”
I waited for Jane to continue, but thanks to her staring off into space due to lack of sleep, she waited longer.
“What happened?”
Janes eyes drifted back at me, she was running on fumes. “Huh? Oh, yeah. Rats, right?” she asked while pulling a folder out from the seat next to her. She set it on the table and slid it over to me. “Here, take a peek.”
I opened it, expecting redacted pages of ‘evidence’ and while I got some of that, it was the photos that drew my attention the most. At first the photos were individual rats and a designated number they received instead of a name.
“How many rats did you experiment—” I started, but my voice trailed off when I came across a photo of the one rat with unique markings on its back now appearing to be bred for a war on pleasant dreams. Its eyes were pearly gray, teeth became tusks, its whiskers were thick and barbed. According to the scale it was on when the second photo was taken it weighed twenty nine point four kilos.
“A few hundred?” Jane answered, though it was obvious that it was just a guess. “They were paired off and put in different environments to see how they adapt.”
“Why would you pair them off?”
“I think it was to see if some would branch out and become their own species” Jane answered as she checked her watch. Seeing the time she sped up. “See, when something with BB-F828 finds itself in a desert, it might adapt to the point that it grows a hump like a camel. Or grow gills if they are in the ocean. The original purpose was for human survivability on other planets. We thought if we could discover how the adaptations work, and it could be repeated exactly the same over and over again, we could do something for humans. After all you wouldn't want anything unexpected to happen when you're in the middle of growing another set of arms or a dorsal fin, right?”Jane said. “But to do this we needed lots of subjects and all in their own environments. Each one had their own surprises, after all, evolution is random. Favors some things over others. One species can branch out to be dozens or hundreds. Thousands with enough time and environmental factors. When the tardigrades started displaying more predatory behavior we thought it was due to the change in diet and the increase in protein, but now we think its due to the rapid change. It drives them insane. All of this was surprising, but none as surprising as the ‘dirt rats’.”
“Wait. They are all insane? Also, dirt rats?” I asked, flipping the photo over to show the next one. This one revealed what I thought was a bear, but when I was about to flip it over to look at the next one I noticed its teeth. Thats when I noticed that it was a huge, muscular rat.
“Six breeding pairs, all kept in an empty pool full of dirt. They weren't given enough room to get out of the dirt, so they had to adapt to living in it. Anyways, because they are in the dirt its harder to keep track of what they are doing. Because of that, by the time we discovered that they had burrowed their way out of the facility it was too late. They were gone.”
“Gone? What do you mean?”
“Escaped,” Jane whispered. “And they are growing.”
“Growing?”
“Last I heard, they were nearly sixty feet but we honestly don't know. It's not like we can compare them to anything else.”
“Sixty feet?” I laughed. “Someone would have saw them by—”
“Underground” Jane said with a shake of her head. “They are underground. I know it's hard to believe, but how else can you explain those earthquakes in Chicago? New York?”
“Are you saying there are giant rats under those cities?”
“I am saying they aren't rats anymore. They are something else entirely. I am saying six breeding pairs might not sound like a lot, but rats reproduce so quickly it's terrifying. I am saying that they are so big and there are so many of them that they are causing those earthquakes. I am saying that due to their size they burn off lots of calories and some have evolved to hibernating.”
“Why hibernation?”
“No idea, but when they wake up they are going to be very hungry. Ravenous.”
“Any idea when that might be?” I asked.
Jane shrugged. “Some already have. We just covered it up.”
It might have been my apophenia talking, but with that statement I started seeing the bigger picture and asked Jane about the town that went missing (The story I was working on before her DVD reached me). Jane gave me the politician's answer, saying something without actually saying something, and that was enough to confirm that I was indeed on the right track.
Unfortunately Jane and I did not speak for much longer, she got a call that freaked her out and she took off. Before she left she took the folder and the pictures I was still going through. I haven't seen or heard from her since and have dropped the story about the disappearances that have secretly been plaguing our country.
WAE
submitted by Narrow_Muscle9572 to Odd_directions [link] [comments]

2024.05.15 23:26 KK8646 Marriage or student visas?

Hi there Reddit,
this one is a bit of a doozy but I'm not sure where else to post.
I've been studying in Germany since 2018. I'm a non-EU citizen and have been using a normal student visa. The studies have been going well, so well that my German University has offered me a scholarship to study for a year abroad in Chile, all expenses paid.
My student visa unfortunately expires in the time that I am abroad, and the German authorities refuse to give me a new one on the basis that I'm not going to be living in Germany, even if I am still technically studying at the German institution. They've told me that I must basically just let my visa expire and apply for a new one at the German embassy in Chile. I would really prefer to not do this, seeing as I will be on a time-restricted visa in Chile already, and if there are any complications or delays (which is always very likely in a third-party state) I'm going to be stuck.
My boyfriend (who is also a student) has offered for us to go to Denmark to get married. So here the question: Would that in any way help the situation? I imagine I'd have to apply for a visa anyway but is it more sure that I'd get it/are the requirements easier to fulfill? And is this kind of thing even possible if we're both students with enough money to get by but not the full amount that the German state says it requires?
Thanks in advance y'all, this is a stressful time
submitted by KK8646 to LegalAdviceEurope [link] [comments]

2024.05.15 21:57 Signal_Valuable_1743 AITA For Confronting My Grandma About Her Texts To My Boyfriend?

Warning this is a long one. If anyone has seen Gilmore Girls, please picture my grandma as Emily Gilmore because I seriously don't know how they were able to capture my grandma so accurately.
This morning, I (22f) had what feels like a huge blow out with my grandma (74f) over text this morning. For a big background, I am my grandmas only living descendant. My birth mother died when I was 3 in a car accident, and she was my grandmas only child. My mother struggled with bipolar disorder and was in an abusive marriage with my father. After she died my grandparents attempted to get full custody of me and the result was visitation under grandparent rights. The court petition is available online and can be found by searching my full name, which is so great for me. Obviously, there was bad blood between my grandparents and my father. I grew up in the middle, scared to show that I loved my grandparents but also slightly distrusting of them because the stories they would tell me were different than what my father would.
I have tried to set boundaries with my grandma in the past. She calls me by my dead moms name occasionally. I ask her not to, she still slips up and does. She's inviting me to go to my moms grave, I don't feel comfortable doing that. She makes me feel guilty about no one putting flowers on their graves when they die. She's convinced I'm bi-polar despite me having been tested 3 times and being diagnosed as not bipolar. She will make passive aggressive comments about not only my but my boyfriend (23M) of 4 years weight and stretch marks. I've told her that we both struggle with eating disorders. After graduating I went from being 120lbs at 5'7 (underweight) to being 190lbs (overweight) in 4 years, some of the weight gain was healthy then the past year and a half I've put on the majority of it, becoming unhealthy. The past year and a half I have also had severe mental health struggles. I have ADHD, depression, and anxiety. I struggle to do a lot of basic things. I was seeing a therapist but then my insurance changed so I am trying to find someone new. I am on medication. I am actively getting help.
My grandma will call me 20 times in a day regularly. She'll text me more than that. When I haven't answered she has called my boyfriend at his job. She will harass my boyfriend and demand to know what I do every hour of everyday, despite him being at work apparently he's my babysitter. It is negatively impacting our relationship because he feels he's being forced into a parent role. She ruined a job interview for me one time because she wouldn't stop calling during it. I am terrified for her to show up unannounced. Luckily we live 4 hours away from each other, so I think I have a safe enough buffer. However, every weekend for the past month she has been trying to come and stay for the weekend.
Now on to the main confrontation/issue. My grandmas mom, my great grandma, offered to give me 1k a month so I could focus on finishing my degree (after this semester I have a semester & then a class left.) My only condition was that I focused on school. This morning my boyfriend sent me a text that said I needed to talk to my grandma as they were withdrawing their financial support. He sent me screenshots of their texts, I am going to transcribe them best I can without making this post too long. I feel like its getting long already lol.
GM to BF: We'll pay for her therapy. She needs talk & medicine. Her psychiatrist should do both. But the monthly 1k, so she doesn't have to work while she's getting the rest under control hasn't helped her. I'm afraid it has given her too much time alone, which is bad for her. I've worried that helping her not to have to work was a bad idea. She does much better with interaction. Maybe encourage her to come over, or take a trip with me during the next 3 weeks (my summer classes start). She needs interaction. She was much better in high school because she was so involved.
BF to GM: Will do, she has been looking at getting a summer job.
GM: Doing the monthly may be hurting more than helping. She wasn't even successful with her classes, even without the outside job. I THINK she would do things if she was here. Crafts, cards, all the extended family. Right now we're just paying her to stay home and read. I don't think the 1k will continue. It was for her to do her classes without having to work through December.
BF: I'd text her and mention that. You should talk to her SPECIFCALLY about losing the 1k.
GM: But it didn't work so why would we still do it? Classes were supposed to be her job. She completed 10 of 18 hours. She didn't do her weekly progress reports and didn't send us her finals. Never once. If that was her "job" paying her weekly, and anyone else as her boss, would she still have that job?
BF: I don't have that answer. I can't speak for her on those things.
GM: You know the answer is no. This is not helping her. This is a face to face conversation. Her story is not what I know to be the truth as I related to you.
GM: I know she lost her scholarship and just isn't telling us. I'm sure she's not proud of it. I told you earlier, that I knew she was in a bad place. That was when I needed to help her. Not after it was too late. She just said there was a cap on the amount of scholarship and she's used it. She's getting a student loan to finish. I'm proud of her for doing that instead of asking us. BUT, what I've pieced together is what I said earlier. And her loan is because she has to pay back the scholarship and tuition going forwards. Right now is the best time for her to transfer(to a college where she lives.) I knew we were in trouble when she sent me a photo of a stack of books she checked out from the library. I had zero time to read books when I was a college student, and I didn't have a job in addition.
BF: While that may be true, you also were in different classes. It's good for her to have time to do things she likes when she's not in class.
GM: I had a social life with other people. I did not stay isolated. She does well with others. Alone drags her down. Just like her mom. A powerhouse when she's involved. Depressed and anxious when she's alone. She's become totally reliant on you. She's lost her independence and drive. I know its flattering you want to be her savior, but for different reasons, its crippling for both of you.
BF: I don't want to be her savior. I really don't.
GM: Rescuer
BF: I really want more than anything for her to be self reliant so we can both lean on each other. I just know at the end of the day I will always support my girl.
GM: That's best but she has to let go & stand up. Develop a broader network to build strength, You are her core! Like a center pole in a tent. Now she needs the other stakes to have the support.
I took 14 credit hours this semester and I only dropped 1 class that was 2 credit hours because I could take it in the summer and lighten my load. I passed all my other ones with As & Bs. I misspoke to my grandma about my scholarship. I told her it was 5k and then I was out but in actuality it was 20k, 5k per semester not total. I've used 4700 so far. That still doesn't explain why she thought I had lost it but ya know. I see my friends at minimum once a week. I have 6 close friends I regularly see. I text with them daily. I grab dinner with them. I game online with them. I attend class 2 times a week. I only see my boyfriend 2 nights a week and on Sundays, and we LIVE together.
My grades conveniently became available online at the same time this conversation was sent to me. So I took a screenshot of my grades and sent them to my grandma.
OP to GM: Here are my grades. I also sent them to grandpa. Thanks so much for believing in me, not. You are the last person I want to see or talk to right now. BF showed me everything. When I am read to talk I'll let you know.
GM to BF: I cannot believe you did this. Now she is furious with me & won't talk to me. I told you that in confidence. You need to fix this. That's not good things for her to know out of context.
OP to GM: Actions have consequences. The consequence of your action is that I am not speaking to you. If you continue to message BF, I will be blocking you on his phone. Not only today, but previously, has been highly inappropriate. I am NOT a child. I do NOT need babysitting. I do NOT need rescuing by you. You are NOT my savior. Stop trying to be.
GM: *Long message trying to re-explain how the messages were worded.* I told BF you're smart and a powerhouse! I just want to see your independent spirit and get you there again. I am your biggest supporter. You're misinterpreting this.
OP: BF screenshotted everything and sent it to me before I ever said anything to you. I don't know how reading exactly what you have been saying about me is misinterpreting things. Please stop messaging me.
When I was in high school I was awake from 6:00am-2:00am. I was in 10 clubs/sports, all honors classes, I was starving myself, I slept less than 4 hours on average. I was a walking zombie that was living off a strange energy that being starving & sleep deprived creates. I was miserable. I was depressed. I was anxious. I only had time for friends in school. If you didn't have a class or lunch with me, you never talked to me. I struggled with school work at home because my adhd. I was not a powerhouse, I was fighting to survive everyday and I feel like I used up every piece of energy I'll ever have then.
This is where we left off. I feel guilty confronting my grandma about it, and feel like I should apologize. But like I said to my BF after he got upset with me for him being in the middle:
Its an incredibly overwhelming relationship that has baggage older than I am which has been put on me my entire life. It has been like this my whole life, except that until I was 18, I was the middle. I know it's a lot, but this is how she is. She is an intrusive controlling and manipulative person, while it may from from a place of care, she still is those things. Herr loving me and being kind to us does not take away the hurt and pain that she causes me. It is not care and love when there are stipulations to that care and love. She's constantly weaponizing my dead mom's mental illness against me. She wants to send me money so I don't have to work and can focus on school but when that actually helps me then I'm not nearly busy enough for her liking. She's also creating a hostile environment where I can't express if I am struggling because then it'll be "I told you so" and then I'll have to drop out of school because they'll stop providing financial support.
So reddit, AITA for confronting my grandma about her texts to my boyfriend?
submitted by Signal_Valuable_1743 to TwoHotTakes [link] [comments]

2024.05.15 17:23 very-original-user ثِتونج ځوېٓسِنہ ⟨th'Tundj Gwýsene⟩ — How Did We Get Here?

=BACKGROUND=

Gwýsene ⟪ثِتونج ځوېٓسِنہ⟫ ⟨th'Tundj Gwýsene⟩ /θɛˈtund͡ʒ ˈʝyːzɛnɛ/ (or "the least Germanic Germanic language") is a Germanic language descendant from Old English spoken in Nabataea (modern-day Jordan, Sinai, and northwestern Saudi Arabia). It takes place in a timeline where the Anglo-Saxons get kicked out of Britain by the Celts, therefore they sail all the way to Nabataea (I pride myself on my realism here) and settle there. Most of them eventually convert to Islam, and, as a consequence, Arabic becomes elevated to the language of academia, nobility, and poetry.
"English" as we know it still survives in-timeline as Englisc — basically Middle English with some modifications — spoken as a minority language in southeastern Britain (or Pritani as the Celts call it in-world).
==ETYMOLOGY OF GWÝSENE==
⟨Gwýsene⟩ ⟪ځوېٓسِنہ⟫ is derived from ځوېٓسِن (Gwýsen) + ـہ- (-e, adjectival suffix), the former from Middle Gwýsene جِٔويسّمَن (ɣewissman), a fossilization of جِٔويسّ (ɣewiss, "Geuisse") + مُن (mon, "man"), from Old Gwýsene יוש מן (yws mn, yewisse monn), from Old English Ġewisse monn.
⟨Tundj⟩ ⟪تونج⟫ is loaned from an Arabized pronunciation of Old Gwýsene תנג (tng, tunge) (from which descends the doublet ⟨Togg⟩ ⟪تُځّ⟫ /toɣ(ː)/, "tongue")
The Englisc exonym is ⟨Eizmenasisc⟩ /ɛjzmɛˈnaːsɪʃ/, From Brithonech (in-world Conlang) Euuzmenasech /ˈøʏzmə̃næsɛx/, from Middle French Yœssmanes /ˈjœssmanɛs/ (hence modern in-world French Yœssmanes /jœsman/ and Aquitanian (in-world) ⟨Yissmanes⟩ /ˈiːsmans/), from Middle (High) German \jewissmaneisch (hence modern in-world German *Jewissmännisch** /jəˌvɪsˈmɛnɪʃ/, Saxon Jewissmannisch /jɛˌvɪsˈma.nɪʃ/, and Hollandish Iweesmanis /iˈʋeːsmanɪs/), Ultimately from Middle Gwýsene جِٔويسّمَن (ɣewissman). Doublet of Englisc ⟨iwis mon⟩ /ɪˈwɪs mɔn/ + ⟨-isc⟩ /-ɪʃ/

=PHONOLOGY=

Consonants Labial Dental Alveolar Post-Alveolar Palatal Velar
Nasal /m/ /n/
Plosive/Affricate /p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /t͡ʃ/ /d͡ʒ/¹ /k/ (/g/)²
Fricative /f/ /v/ /θ/ /ð/ /s/ /z/ /ʃ/ /ʒ/¹ (/ç/)³ (/ʝ/)³ /x/ /ɣ/
Tap/Trill /ɾ/ /r/
Approximant /w/ /ɹ/ (/l/)⁴ /j/ /ɫ/
Vowels Front Central Back
Close /i/ /iː/ /y/ /yː/ /u/¹ /uː/¹
Near-Close (/ɪ/)⁵ (/ʏ/)⁵
Mid /e/ /eː/ /ø/ /øː/ /o/ /oː/
Open-Mid (/ɛ/)⁵ (/ɐ/)⁵ (/ɔ/)⁵
Open /æ/ /æː/ /ɑ/ /ɑː/
  1. Nonnative phonemes
  2. allophone of /k/ inter-vocalically & /ɣ/ before /ɫ/
  3. allophones of /x/ /ɣ/ near front vowels
  4. allophone of /ɫ/ when not near any back vowels and/or velar consonants.
  5. allophones in unstressed syllables
These are the phonemes of Standard Gwýsene, and, expectedly, they differ from dialect to dialect.
==EVOLUTION FROM OLD ENGLISH==
The Phonological evolution from Old English to Old Gwýsene are as follows:
From Old Gwýsene to Middle Gwýsene:
From Middle Gwýsene to Modern Gwýsene:
==DIALECT GROUPS==
Gwýsene has 4 main dialect groupings:
1- Southern Dialects
Spoken around in-world Áglästrélz /ˈɑːɣɫɐˌstɾeːɫz/ [ˈɑːʁɫ(ə)ˌsd̥ɾeːɫz]. Speakers of these dialects tend to pronounce:
Regarded as the oldest dialect by Gwýsens as it encompasses the original "homeland" (if we don't count the Anglo-Saxons that is). They're also considered the most "posh", and the standard accent is loosely based on the southern dialects.
2- Central Dialects
Spoken around in-world Keü-Nüvátra /keʏ ˌnʏˈvɑːtɾɐ/ [kɛɨ ˌnɨˈvɒːtɾɐ]. Speakers of these dialects tend to pronounce:
Central Dialects are considered posh by northerners and westerners, but not by southerners.
3- Western Dialects
Spoken in in-world Ettúr /ɛtˈtuːɻ/ [ətˈtuːɽ]. Speakers of these dialects tend to pronounce:
4- Northern Dialects
Spoken in in-world Ämma̋n /ɐmˈmæːn/ [(ʕ)ɐmˈmæːn]. Speakers of these dialects tend to pronounce:
==LEXICAL DOUBLETS==
The differing analyses of the Old English sequences /xe͜o xæ͜ɑ/ & /je͜o jæ͜ɑ/ when the change from /e͜o æ͜ɑ/ to /iɔ̯ iɐ̯/ was taking place led to:
For example, Old English heofon & geofon evolved into:

=ORTHOGRAPHY=

Gýsene uses the Arabic script natively alongside a romanization
==SCRIPT BACKGROUND==
Since Gýsen use of the Nabataean & then Arabic script preceded the Persians by centuries, the Gýsen Arabic script differs quite a bit from the Indo-Persian system:
  1. Rasm: Gýsens writing in Nabataean (& carrying over to Arabic) tended to follow Aramaic & Hebrew convention for representing consonants, while the Persian convention was derived from the most similar sounding preexisting Arabic consonants, leading to drastic differences in pointing convention (i‘jām). As Islam spread, the 2 conventions spread in their respective halves of the Muslim World: The Indo-Persian-Derived Eastern convention, and the Gýsen-Derived Western convention:
(Loose) Consonant ↓ Western ↓ Eastern ↓
//v// ⟪پ⟫ ⟪و⟫ ǀ ⟪ڤ⟫
//tʃ// ⟪ڝ⟫ ⟪چ⟫
//p// ⟪ڢ⟫ ⟪پ⟫
//f// ⟪ڧ⟫ ⟪ف⟫
  1. Vowel Notation: The western convention has a definitive way of expressing vowels when diacritics are fully written, while in the eastern convention diacritics often serve dual-duty due to limitations of Arabic short vowel diacritics.
==Script keys==
Romanization ↓ Arabic ↓ Standard Phoneme ↓
ä ǀ a ◌َ /æ/ (stressed) ǀ /ɐ/ (unstressed)
e ◌ِ /e/ (stressed) ǀ /ɛ/ (unstressed)
o ◌ُ /o/ (stressed) ǀ /ɔ/ (unstressed)
a̋ ǀ ◌́ ◌ٓ /æː/ (standalone) ǀ /◌ː/ (coupled with other vowels)
a ا /ɑ/ (stressed) ǀ /ɐ/ (unstressed)
b ب /b/ ǀ /v/ (intervocalically)
g ځ /ɣ/ ǀ /ʝ/
d د /d/ ǀ /z/ (intervocalically)
h ھ /ç/
w ǀ u و /w/ (glide) ǀ /u/ (vocalic)
z ز /z/
ch خ /x/
t ¹ط /t/
y ǀ i ي /j/ (glide) ǀ /i/ (vocalic)
k ک /k/ ǀ /g/ (intervocalically)
l ل /ɫ/
m م /m/
n ن /n/
tj ڝ /t͡ʃ/
- ¹ع /Ø/ ǀ /◌ː/ (post-vocalically)
p ڢ /p/ ǀ /b/ (intervocalically)
s ¹ص /s/
k ¹ق /k/
r ر /ɾ/ ǀ /r/ (geminated) ǀ /ɹ/ (post-vocalically)
s س /s/ ǀ /z/ (intervocalically)
t ت /t/ ǀ /d/ (intervocalically)
y ې /y/ (stressed) ǀ /ʏ/ (unstressed)
f ڧ /f/ ǀ /v/ (intervocalically)
ö ۊ /ø/ (stressed) ǀ /œ/ (unstressed)
- ء ǀ ئـ initial vowel holder
v پ /v/
th ث /θ/ ǀ /ð/ (intervocalically)
tj ¹چ /t͡ʃ/
dj ¹ج /d͡ʒ/
dh ذ /ð/
j ¹ژ /ʒ/
sj ش /ʃ/
dh ¹ض /ð/
dh ¹ظ /ð/
g ¹غ /ɣ/ ǀ /ʝ/
v ¹ڤ /v/
a ǀ ä ²ـى /æ/ (stressed) ǀ /ɐ/ (unstressed)
e ²ـہ /e/ (stressed) ǀ /ɛ/ (unstressed)
'l- لٔـ /‿(ə)ɫ-/
th'- ثِـ /θɛ-/
  1. nonnative
  2. only occur word-finally

=GRAMMAR=

Gwýsen grammar is extremely divergent from the Germanic norm, having been brought about by extremely harsh standardization efforts by the ruling class while backed by academia & scholars. It's heavily influenced by Arabic — being the encompassing liturgical, academic, and aristocratic language during the Middle to Early Modern Gwýsen periods.
==PRONOUNS==
\this entire segment will use the romanization only]) The Pronouns themselves have remained relatively true to their Germanic origins, apart from the entire set of Arabic 3rd person pronouns & the genitive enclitics. Gwýsene still retains the Old English dual forms, but they're only used in formal writing:
1st Person Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ih /iç/ wi /wi/ wi /wi/
Accusative mih /miç/ án /ɑːn/ ós /oːs/
Standalone Genitive min /min/ ág /ɑːɣ/ ór /oːɹ/
Enclitic Genitive -min /-mɪn/ -ag /-ɐɣ/ -or /-ɔɹ/
2nd Person Singular Dual Plural
Nominative thách /θɑːx/ gi /ʝi/ gi /ʝi/
Accusative thih /θiç/ in /in/ iw /iw/
Standalone Genitive thin /θin/ ig /iʝ/ iwar /ˈiwɐɹ/
Enclitic Genitive -thin /-θɪn/ -ig /-ɪʝ/ -iwar /-ɪwɐɹ/
3rd Person Masculine Singular Dual Plural
Nominative chá /xɑː/ chama̋ /xɐˈmæː/ chám /xɑːm/
Accusative hin /çin/ chama̋ /xɐˈmæː/ chám /xɑːm/
Standalone Genitive his /çis/ chama̋ /xɐˈmæː/ chám /xɑːm/
Enclitic Genitive -his /-çɪs/ -chama /-xɐmɐ/ -cham /-xɐm/
3rd Person Feminine Singular Dual Plural
Nominative hi /çi/ chana̋ /xɐˈnæː/ chán /xɑːn/
Accusative hi /çi/ chana̋ /xɐˈnæː/ chán /xɑːn/
Standalone Genitive hir /çiɹ/ chana̋ /xɐˈnæː/ chán /xɑːn/
Enclitic Genitive -hir /-çɪɹ/ -chana /-xɐnɐ/ -chan /-xɐn/
==NOUNS==
Middle Gwýsene inherited the Old English nominal declension, but due to merging & reduction of (final) unstressed vowels, all endlings were dropped except for the accusative & dative plurals which were later generalized. Middle Gwýsene also dropped the neuter gender, merging it with the masculine & feminine genders based on endings
Regular Noun Declension Singular Plural
Masculine - -an /-ɐn/
Feminine - -as /-ɐs/
This has been standardized to all nouns, with some ablaut irregulars:
"Man" (man) ǀ "Bách" (book) Singular Plural
Masculine man /mɑn/ menan /ˈmenɐn/
Feminine bách /bɑːx/ bitjas /ˈbit͡ʃɐs/
...and some nouns retain colloquial plural forms more reminiscent of their Old English counterparts:
"Tjylz" (child) ǀ "Chänz" (hand) Singular (Standard) Plural (Common) Plural
Masculine tjylz /t͡ʃyɫz/ tjyldan /ˈt͡ʃyɫzɐn/ tjylro /ˈt͡ʃyɫɾɔ/
Feminine chänz /xænz/ chändas /ˈxænzɐs/ chända /ˈxændɐ/
===Possession===
Gwýsene has two distinct methods of indicating possession dur to the dropping of the genitive case:
1. A loaned version of the Arabic construct state (present in the standard language, urban areas, and most of the Northern and Western dialects). the Arabic definite article (-الـ) was loaned with its use in the construct state into Late Early Modern Gwýsene as a separate "letter form" [-لٔـ] and prescribed by Grammarians ever since as a "genitive" maker. This method also assumes definiteness of the noun it's prefixed to; it must be prefixed to eneg ("any") for indefinite nouns.
Bách 'lgörel /bɑːχ‿ɫ̩ˈʝøɹɛɫ/ ("the boy's book")
bách 'l - görel book ɢᴇɴ.ᴅғ - boy
2. Use of a prefixed fär (equivalent to English "of", cognate with English "for") (present in rural areas and is generally viewed as a rural or "Bedouin" feature). This method does not assume definiteness, and a definite article is required.
Bách färth'görel /bɑːχ ˌfɐɹðəˈʝøɹɛɫ/ ("the boy's book")
Bách fär - th' - görel book of - ᴅғ - boy
==ADJECTIVES==
Much like Nouns, adjectives decline for number and gender:
Regular Adjective Declension Singular Plural
Masculine - -an /-ɐn/
Feminine -e /-ɛ/* -as /-ɐs/
\due to its similarity with the common adjectival suffix* -e, adjectives derived that way would not decline for gender in the singular
==VERBS==
Gwýsen verbs are the most mangled, both by Arabization and regular phonological development. Gwýsen word order is VSO. Due to pronouns coming after the verb, they merged with the preexisting endings and formed unique endings that were later generalized to standard verb declension (rendering Gwýsene a pro-drop language)
Present Verb Conjugation ---
Infinitive -en /-ɛn/
Present Participle -enz /-ɛnz/
Past Participle ge- -en /ʝɛ- -ɛn/
Singular Imperative -
Plural Imperative -on /-ɔn/
1ˢᵗ singular -i /-ɪ/
1ˢᵗ plural -swe /-swɛ/
2ⁿᵈ singular -tha /-θɐ/
2ⁿᵈ plural -gge /-ʝʝɛ/
3ʳᵈ singular masculine -scha /-sxɐ/
3ʳᵈ dual masculine -schama /-sxɐmɐ/
3ʳᵈ plural masculine -scham /-sxɐm/
3ʳᵈ singular feminine -sche /-sxɛ/
3ʳᵈ dual feminine -schana /-sxɐnɐ/
3ʳᵈ plural feminine -schan /-sxɐn/
the subjunctive is formed with a prefixed les- (if the verb is consonant-initial) or let- (if the verb is vowel-initial)
As a consequence to the fusional suffixes, the preterite suffixes completely merged with the present ones, so weak verbs need an auxiliary to indicate simple past, which segways us to-
===Auxiliary Verbs===
Most auxiliaries have 2 conjugations: an auxiliary conjugation & a standalone conjugation:
Sőn ("to be") Conjugations Auxiliary Standalone
Singular Imperative ső /søː/ ső /søː/
Plural Imperative sőn /søːn/ sőn /søːn/
Singular Subjunctive ső /søː/ les-... /ɫɛs-../
Plural Subjunctive sőn /søːn/ les-... /ɫɛs-.../
1ˢᵗ singular ém /eːm/ émi /ˈeːmɪ/
1ˢᵗ plural synz /synz/ synzwe /ˈsynzwɛ/
2ⁿᵈ singular érs /eːɹs/ értha /ˈérðɐ/
2ⁿᵈ plural synz /synz/ syngge /ˈsynʝ(ʝ)ɛ/
3ʳᵈ singular masculine ys /ys/ ysscha /ˈyssxɐ/
3ʳᵈ dual masculine synz /synz/ synzchama /ˈsynzxɐmɐ/
3ʳᵈ plural masculine synz /synz/ synzcham /ˈsynzxɐm/
3ʳᵈ singular feminine ys /ys/ yssche /ˈyssxɛ/
3ʳᵈ dual feminine synz /synz/ synzchana /ˈsynzxɐnɐ/
3ʳᵈ plural feminine synz /synz/ synzchan /ˈsynzxɐn/
There are 4 tense-related auxiliaries: Wesan (past auxiliary, "was"), Sőn (participle auxiliary, "be"), Bín (participle auxiliary, "be"), and Víden (future auxiliary, "will"):
Auxiliary Declensions Wesan ↓ Sőn ↓ Bín ↓ Víden ↓
1ˢᵗ singular wes /wes/ ém /eːm/ bí /biː/ va̋ /væː/
2ⁿᵈ singular wir /wiɹ/ érs /eːɹs/ bys /bys/ vés /veːs/
3ʳᵈ singular wes /wes/ ys /ys/ byth /byθ/ véth /veːθ/
dual/plural wiran /ˈwiɹɐn/ synz /synz/ bíth /biːθ/ va̋th /væːθ/
Singular Imperative wes /wes/ ső /søː/ bí /biː/ víz /viːz/
Plural Imperative weson /ˈwezɔn/ sőn /søːn/ bín /biːn/ vídon /ˈviːzɔn/
Singular Subjunctive wir /wiɹ/ ső /søː/ bí /biː/ víz /viːz/
Plural Subjunctive wiren /ˈwiɹɛn/ sőn /søːn/ bín /biːn/ víden /ˈviːzɛn/
===Stong Verbs===
Most of the strong classes remain in Gwýsene, albeit with completely unorthodox ablaut patterns. They've been re-sorted based on patterns that I've Grammarians have found. Strong verbs also never need the past auxiliary.
Type (Gwýsene) Corr. Type in Old English Present stem vowel Past singular stem vowel Past plural stem vowel Past participle stem vowel
I VII.c é /eː/ í /iː/ í /iː/ é /eː/
II IV e /e/ e /e/ i /i/ a /ɑ/
III.a I ý /yː/ a̋ /æː/ y /y/ y /y/
III.b III.a y /y/ ä /æ/ o /o/ o /o/
IV.a II.a í /iː/ í /iː/ o /o/ a /ɑ/
IV.b II.b a/á /ɑ(ː)/ í /iː/ o /o/ a /ɑ/
IV.c III.b é /eː/ é /eː/ o /o/ a /ɑ/
V.a VI ä /æ/ á /ɑː/ á /ɑː/ ä /æ/
V.b VII.a a̋ /æː/ i /i/ i /i/ a̋ /æː/
V.c VII.e á /ɑː/ í /iː/ í /iː/ á /ɑː/

=TRANSLATIONS=

==NUMBERS==
Number Cardinal Ordinal Adverbial Multiplier
1 A̋n /æːn/ Föress /ˈføɹɛss/ Mer /meɹ/ A̋nfélz /ˈæːnˌveːɫz/
2 Twin /twin/ Áther /ˈɑːðɛɹ/ Merdén /mɛɹˈdeːn/ Twýfélz /ˈtyːˌveːɫz/
3 Thrý /θɾyː/ Thryzz /ˈθɾyzz/ Thrémra̋s /ˌθɾeːˈmɾæːs/ Thryfélz /ˈθɾyˌveːɫz/
4 Fíwar /ˈfiːwɐɹ/ Fíradh /ˈfiːɹɐð/ Fírmra̋s /ˌfiːɹˈmɾæːs/ Fíwarfélz /ˈfiːwɐɹˌveːɫz/
5 Fýf /fyːf/ Fýfedh /ˈfyːvɛð/ Fýfmra̋s /ˌfyːvˈmɾæːs/ Fýffélz /ˈfyːfˌfeːɫz/
6 Sysj /syʃ/ Sysjedh /ˈsyʃɛð/ Sysmra̋s /ˌsysˈmɾæːs/ Sysjfélz /ˈsyʃˌfeːɫz/
7 Sévan /ˈseːvɐn/ Sévadh /ˈseːvɐð/ Sévmra̋s /ˌseːvˈmɾæːs/ Sévanfélz /ˈseːvɐnˌveːɫz/
8 Éht /eːçt/ Éhtadh /ˈeːçtɐð/ Éhmra̋s /ˈeːçˈmɾæːs/ Éhtafélz /ˈeːçtɐˌveːɫz/
9 Nygan /ˈnyʝɐn/ Nygadh /ˈnyʝɐð/ Nygamra̋s /ˌnyʝɐˈmɾæːs/ Nyganfélz /ˈnyʝɐnˌveːɫz/
10 Tőn /tøːn/ Tődh /ˈtøːð/ Tőmra̋s /ˌtøːˈmɾæːs/ Tőnfélz /ˈtøːnˌveːɫz/
==THE COLD WINTER IS NEAR==
‎‫بېث نيٓھ ثِوېٓنتِر ڝِٓلز، پِٓث ڝۊٓمسخى ستارم سنِوى. ڝۊم وِثنَن خُٓمسمين وِٓرم، برآثَرمين. سَلٓم! ڝۊم ھېذ، سېځّ ءَنز شّيٓڧ، ڧرِس ءَنز درېھّ. بېثِّس خُطَّمين. ھِپّسوى وِتِر، ءَنز زۊٓثِن، ءَنز مِٓلخ، بېثِّس ڧِرش ءُٓسڧرى ثِکآ. ءوٓ، ءَنز براث وِٓرم!‬
Byth ních thʼwýnter tjélz, véth tjőmscha starm snewe. Tjöm withnän¹ chósmin wérm, bráthärmin². Säläm³! Tjöm hydh, sygg ænz ssjíf⁴ ⁶, fres⁵ änz dryhh⁶. Bytthes⁷ chottämin⁸. Hevvswe weter, änz zőthen⁹, änz mélch, býtthes fersj ósfrä¹⁰ thʼká. Ó, änz brath!
be.3.ꜱɢ.ᴘʀᴇꜱ near ᴅꜰ-winter cold , ꜰᴜᴛ.3.ꜱɢ come-3.ꜱɢ.ᴍᴀꜱᴄ storm snowy . come.ɪᴍᴘ.ꜱɢ in house-1.ꜱɢ.ɢᴇɴ.ᴄʟ warm , brother-1.ꜱɢ.ɢᴇɴ.ᴄʟ . Welcome ! come.ɪᴍᴘ.ꜱɢ hither , sing.ɪᴍᴘ.ꜱɢ and dance.ɪᴍᴘ.ꜱɢ , eat.ɪᴍᴘ.ꜱɢ and drink.ɪᴍᴘ.ꜱɢ . be.3.ꜱɢ.ᴘʀᴇꜱ-that plan-1.ꜱɢ.ɢᴇɴ.ᴄʟ . have-1.ᴘʟ water , and beer , and milk, be.3.ꜱɢ.ᴘʀᴇꜱ-that fresh from ᴅꜰ-cow . Oh , and soup !
/byθ niːç θə‿ˈyːnzɛɹ tʃeːɫz veːθ ˈtʃøːmsxɐ stɑɻm ˈsnewɛ/
/tʃøm wɪðˈnæn ˈxoːsˌmɪn weːɹm ˈbɾɑːðɐɹˌmɪn/
/sɐˈɫæm tʃøm çyð syʝʝ‿ɐnz ʃʃiːf fres‿ɐnz dɾyçç/
/ˈbyθθɛs ˈxottɐˌmɪn/
/ˈçevvswɛ ˈwedɛɹ ɐnz ˈzøːðɛn ɐnz meɫχ ˈbyθθɛs feɹʃ ˈoːsfrɐ θəˈkɑː/
/oː ɐnz bɾɑθ/
  1. the words for “in” and “on” merged to än, which was kept for “on”.‬
  2. Gwýsens tend to use “brother” as an informal form of address‬.
  3. Säläm is only used by Muslim Gwysens. Christian Gwysens prefer Pastos /pɐsˈtos/ (from Ancient Greek ‬ἀσπαστός).
  4. comes from Old English hlēapan.
  5. comes from old English fretan.
  6. Drykken & Ssjípan are within a class of verbs that have a differing imperative stems than the usual inflected stems due to sound changes. In this case the usual stems are Drykk- & Ssjíp-, while the imperatives are Dryhh & Ssjíf. In the central and Low Northern dialects this particular /k/ => /ç/ is not present, and the imperative stem is also Drykk.
  7. contracted from of Byth thäs (“that is”)‬.
  8. from Arabic خُطَّة.
  9. from Latin zȳthum.
  10. contraction of old English ūt fra (“out of”).
submitted by very-original-user to germlangs [link] [comments]

2024.05.15 16:44 FockCucker Most accurate BITSAT 2024 Prediction + much more [OC]

Most accurate BITSAT 2024 Prediction + much more [OC]
pre-writing opinions: Reddit's markdown support sucks ass, no LaTeX and no mermaid support, fuck u/spez

Disclaimer: [UPDATED 16/05]

These values are adjusted only assuming that BITS would keep their tradition for keeping numbers steady and change the rigor of the exams to stabilize the inflation
LONG READ. These are predicted and the opinions and results may vary for every individual, gaali mat bakna, mai thoda weak ho rakha hu abhi. Although I am pretty confident about what I found, but still, DO NOT BLINDLY BELIEVE EVERYTHING YOU SEE , you are only allowed to take notes of what could happen.

Table of Contents

  1. 5 Year score v/s cutoff v/s no. of applicants v/s seats available comparison
  2. Projected scores required for 2024
  3. Fee details broken down w/ projected costs of living, hostels and mess charges and miscellaneous
  4. Should you join it?
  5. Toughness of the courses offered
  6. What courses to take <-- needs personal introspection
  7. My remarks and need for amateur developers.

5 Years' scores detailed review

BITSAT has always seen large number of candidates giving their exams. I used 3 different regression methods for finding the projected number of candidates scoring 88% and above in BITSAT.
Here's the catch, BITSAT was of 450 marks before 2021, but I noticed a linear relation whatsoever for which some blogs claim was due to the ease of solving paper which was higher as of then.[1]
Projected number of candidates scoring >= 316 marks
Don't worry about how I plotted the graph, for the ease of viewing I used a calculative exaggeration method, while all the calculations being done on the raw data only.
Here, all the regressions have too much difference between them which throws off the ease of just averaging the three. Instead I used what is called the R-squared value to find an accurate follow-up projection for the number of candidates.
The R-squared value for the three are as follows:
R-squared values: Linear Regression: 0.8401621913740709 Polynomial Regression: 0.9161966003792115 Exponential Regression: 0.922505755755209 Projected next outcome using damped Exponential Regression: 15916.26589649187

Cutoff Prediction

Now, the best part, cutoff prediction. Here, you need to know one more thing that all the campuses have a record of increasing the number of seats for their programs every year which has somehow worked a little to adjust to the 'population inflation' and has kept the numbers steady.
AAAAAANNNND, here comes the issue, while looking at the seat matrices for BITS, the seats in all branches has remained the same since 2017 (increase in seats for CSE). (2018 for Goa campus).
ALTHOUGH, due to the addition of the new Mathematics and Computing course, it can have significant impact on the No. of seats v/s Cutoff debate
Seeing with the lowest marks required for joining B.Pharm at three campuses of BITS:
Cutoff v/s Candidates remained consistent till 2020
[2][3][4][5]
NOTE: some of you jhaatus will be paranoid about how the cutoff decreased with much higher candidates. It's due to increase in the number of seats due to the new MnC branch
NOTE 2: I am speculating about the predicted number of candidates, since, the popularity has seemingly exponentially increased due to youtuber bhaiyya didis.
Notice that I used a simple polynomial regression here due to having much simpler values for predicting the consecutive iterations.

Why I couldn't correctly predict for CSE

See, the choices of students during counselling is really complicated and after reviewing some previous year details and cutoff scores, I couldn't have a perfect idea about how the relationship is maintained. That's why I will need someone else with more free time to help me polish my code for predictions.
Anyways, here's the predicted cutoff for some branches using exponential regression:
Branch Pilani Campus Goa Campus Hyderabad Campus
CSE ~356 ~312 ~299
MnC* ~310-ish ~290-ish ~280-ish
ECE ~300** ~279** ~272**
EEE ~278 ~261 ~258
INACCURACIES IN DATA BEGINS
Branch Pilani Campus Goa Campus Hyderabad Campus
EIE ~268 ~251 ~250
Mech ~252 ~236 ~228
Chemical Engg ~230** ~215** ~215**
Manufacturing ~220** ---- ----
B.Pharm. ~172** ---- ~153
ACCURACY ASSUMED BELOW 60% FOR THE FOLLOWING DATA
Branch MSc. Courses Pilani Campus Goa Campus Hyderabad Campus
Economics ~264 ~247 ~240
Mathematics ~240**** ~229**** ~220****
Physics ~237**** ~225**** ~219****
Chemistry ~216**** ~210**** ~210****
Biological Science ~217**** ~212**** ~210****
* no regression, only compared ratios with the cutoffs of IIT Roorkee (JoSSA 2023)
** accuracy assumed to be <60% due to highly bland iterations
**** too much discrepant previous years' data present + regressions often not aligning with what was predicted for other B.E. Branches (accuracy<~40%), need volunteers for enhancing accuracy.

Broken Down Fee details and Costs of Living

With inflation and the enduring lust for money, the hostel charges are continuously being increased since a few years, here's the detailed breakdown for what I have observed.
Academic Year Semester fees (per sem) B.E only Hostel + mess + elec (per sem) + advance Summer term fee (whole) costs of living (projected and adjusted for inflation)
2019-20 1,78,000 22,900 + 15,000 62,300 ~10,000 (covid)
2020-21 1,99,000 24,150 + 15,000 69,900 ~27,000 (covid)
2021-22 2,18,500 25,550 + 15,000 78,000 <~50,000 (post-covid inflation)
2022-23 2,31,500 27,100 + 15,000 83,700 <~50,000
2023-24 (CURRENT) 2,51,000* 28,800 + 15,000* 87,900* <~55,000
* The fees are as per the archive since their webpage went down -> 2023-24 fee structure
The projected 4 year B.E. course price you have to pay would not exceed ~INR 27,55,000 /-
I am too lazy for finding projected for other courses.

Should you join it?

as a disclaimer, I am in no position to judge as I have lost hopes getting into BITS this year, since I have wasted a lot of money and seeing our house put of collateral for securing my admission into VIT I am in no way entitled to ask more money for second attempt from parents, but I can give you suggestions from what I've researched when I used to daydream about getting into BITS.
Overall Culture: when it comes to projects and teams, the students get highly competent, and after finding a good partner, you could go for numerous competitions like the Mars Rover Challenge (personal favourite), which needs skills from almost all branches inclusive of chemical and materials department. Which in turn also leads to better communicative skills and a top tier social life.
Imagine your parents get to see you with bunch of smart ass people just discussing about different stuff ranging from algorithms to spatial modelling of biological molecules, they will feel on top of the world.
Student life: I will not talk about the zero attendance policy nor about the strictness inside campus. Here, you NEED to have a control over yourself, drug peddling is quite common although no one talks about it, even at VIT Vellore, kids find a way to get that mind numbing puff. You will have an urge to just try it for once to find what is it for real, but DON'T. I guess I don't need to elaborate more.
Second, remember:
Darshane Punyam, Sparshane Paapam
Look at all the chics, maybe even flirt with them under limits, but don't indulge in bad stuff since you already know how horny you really are.
Now, for a better part BITS hosts numerous fests varying from cultural to tech clubs, some of the highlighted as follows:
Type of Event Pilani Goa Hyderabad
Cultural Annual Oasis Waves Fervour, PEARLS(?)
MUNs BITSMUN BITSMUN BITSMUN
Tech Annual APOGEE Quark ATMOS
Sports BITS Open Sports Meet (BOSM) Spree Arena
Entrepreneurial ----- Coalescence Launchpad
Social Service ----- ----- IGNITE
Click on the campus names for detailed info about all the events.

Toughness @ BITS

doesn't need much of a warning, it's tough. Although, the first year may go on a cakewalk for smarties, same stuff for everyone to learn, you might have problems with the engineering physics and drawing classes** so be prepared. Maintaining 9+ GPA is really hard, you have work your arse off more than what you are doing right now.
Getting scholarships is on the tougher side too, you can manage to get 10% off by little work, but getting those sweet 80% waivers can be tough, you have to ace your quizzes and assignments.
By the 3rd year, you will start getting tensed about internships, their interviews, your GPA and finally your courses. You have to be ready and try to complete all the side courses (if any) by the end of the third year so you can focus more on placements the next year (only for low pointers).
That's all of what I've learnt and understood from the students, there are easier aspects too but only if you are actually smart and can do more work in much less of a timeframe.

What course should I take?

You need to introspect yourself before asking this question, many people say to follow your interest but it's not always practical.
You see, I have a friend who wants to become a physicist, and yet he isn't able to solve measly problems in physics which might need more brainpower, and even shitting himself on questions of nuclear physics when he wants to do research in that specific field. Not only about questions, he doesn't even properly know about how the Hadron Collider works, just spurts out some random Fission and Fusion chickenshit when asked about.
OK, you should totally give your interests a higher ground during the counselling but ask yourself if you are actually ready for what you have to learn for the next four years, probably even your whole life. Since, it's BITS you'll be able to adapt yourself, but always take caution before every choice you're going to fill in during choice filling. Don't embarrass yourself afterwards.
Here are few courses your might be interested in anyways:
Interests Skills Course recommendation
Computers, Maths, Hardware (JOB BIASED) Little bit of OOP, good statistical knowledge, knows how shit works Computer Science, Mathematics and Computing, Electronics and Communication, Electrical and Electronics
Physics, Building stuff, Likes to experiment (JOBS OR RESEARCH) Classical physics, mechanics, civil engineering stuff Mechanical, Electronics and Instrumentation, MSc Physics, Civil
chemistry chemistry chemistry
Maths, economics, next harshad mehta Maths (a little bit advanced is good), statistics, Economical and current affairs MSc Economics, MSc Mathematics
Biology, chemistry Biology, chemistry, (teeny weeny bit of Physics) B.Pharm, MSc Chemistry

My rants, remarks and opinions

Some iterations are showing values too good to be true, don't blindly trust them, always take a safe score of +15 the values given in tables.
Need volunteers to research and scrape more previous years' data for much more accuracy. BITSians are welcome
Honestly, this was a ride and an escape for me to relieve a little bit of stress about how I was fcked this year. Denied EWS certificate, filed for an appeal, and no progress. Gave JEE as an OPEN candidate. Somehow got 10k rank in VITEEE, got cat 3 CSE, dad told me to leave no opportunities, now have to pay 4 lakhs tuition fee per annum, dad's income is 4 lakhs per annum. Took an educational loan from Indian Bank (13% interest + our house on collateral).
Called VIT, told me they will give a full refund if withdrawn before 11th September, but have to pay a cut of interest for the loan taken (did not specify how much). I am pretty sure they will be asking easily at 2-3 lakhs, unprepared for BITS after Nanu's death on 22nd April, (my VITEEE was on 24th), went with my mom to Kerala and back the next day and then again back to Kerala with dad and my 24 year old brother who has cerebral palsy. spent about 50k on the flight tickets alone. Wouldn't get BITS in the first attempt, afraid to register for 2nd.
Can't even commit suicide thinking about my brother, entitled school topper yesterday after results, teachers saying that I am not getting of what I am capable upto, really disappointed about me joining VIT instead of IITs (for god's sake).
Cousin sister told me to join her in Germany, (I've learnt german from her) but the living costs so high and the amount of stress my parents would have to take for this year has concerned me enough already. No one asks for this but please dm me, tell me your stories, it's nice to have someone around to talk shit.
Enough of rants, best of lucks to everyone
FOR AMATEUR DEVELOPERS OR INTERESTED IN DEVELOPING/RESEARCH
Since, this June and July are going to be an empty and un-exciting month for most of you, I need some amateur developers who can help me in building a college recommendation portal, which will help ease out the stresses students have to take while counselling and choice filling, I mean if not interested in joining some random dude and working your arse off, just take it as a recommendation for your next project :)
[1] Find the blog here for detailed scores from 2012
[2] BITSAT 2020 Cutoff scores
[3] BITSAT 2021 Cutoff Scores
[4] BITSAT 2022 Cutoff scores
[5] BITSAT 2023 Cutoff scores
This was a high effort post btw :) Thank you to the readers who read the whole thing
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2024.05.15 00:29 stlatos Ogma and Agni, PIE Fire Gods and Sun Gods

Ranko Matasovic reconstructed *Ogmiyos to explain the name of the Celtic god (Gaulish Ogmios, OIr Ogm(a)e, MW Euuyd \ Ewyð). He said that though *ogm > *ōm might be expected on the model of certain *ogn > *ōn, etc., *m and *n need not behave the same. This is true, but not very likely (nasals often behave the same way, especially concerning voicing). The other possible example of *seg(m)et- > OW seget-, MIr séimed ‘seed / descendants’ shows that *egm > *ēm DID occur, and though he wonders about the source of *-gm- here (*-met- is not a normal ending), *seg- is a known root, *og- is not. In cases like this, there is no reason to say an uncertain sound change is proven one way by an unknown root, and *gm of *Ogmiyos should be abandoned in favor of a different cluster. The only likely source is *Ongmiyos or *Omgmiyos, with later nasal dissimilation. That this occurred after leaving its mark in a sound change is also seen in *smamk^i- > *sme(m)gi- > Irish smeig ‘chin’, where *-mk- is needed to voice *k > g, but the 2nd *m must disappear before regular *emg > *ēg (Whalen 2024a). Two nasals are seen in Hittite zmankur, making it :
*smamk^ru- > *sma(m)k^ur- > Hittite zma(n)kur ‘beard’, šmankur-want- ‘bearded’
*smak^ru- > Sanskrit śmáśru-
*smak^ro- > Lithuanian smãkras ‘chin’
*smamk^i- > *sme(m)gi- > Irish smeig ‘chin’
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The only similar word in PIE is *(e/o)ngni-s ‘fire’ (L. ignis, Li. ugnìs, Skt. agní-). Since this occurs in the name of the god Agni, similarities between them should be looked at. Since Ogma is called ‘sun-faced’ and Agni compared to the sun (or sometimes equivalent), Ogmios was equated with Hercules and Agni was said to do the same deeds as Indra (and their births were likely once the same), and both had odd tongues (Agni’s many tongues represented the flames, Ogmios’ tongue connected by chains to his followers represented his eloquent words binding them), there is a reasonable amount to compare.
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Ogma is not described in extensive detail, but he is similar to Lug. Since several gods might be split into more (if they had multiple names), I will also consider this connection. Hercules is most similar to Cú Chulainn; if Ogma was an earlier name, then trying to find common elements in all 3 might help. Cú Chulainn’s real name was supposedly Sétanta ‘knowing the way’. If this was an epithet of a god, it would be for one associated with intelligence, not strength. Ogma is known for both, and Lug is skilled in many arts. One god of fighting strength and knowledge is possible, but 3 would e pushing it.
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OIr Lug (Ir. Lugh, Lugu- in Gaulish) is likely related to a similarly “clever” god, Norse Loki. Since *g > k would be expected in Germanic, this could have some value in reconstructing *Lug-u- vs. *Lug-on-, but this would not be related to any meaningful PIE root. The primacy of regularity would require Lugu- ‘lynx’, but this seems like grasping at straws. It’s possible both are somehow related to *l(e)uk- ‘light’ (ON leygr ‘flame / fire’, Skt. roci- ‘light/ray/beam’). Loki’s connection to fire (such as his descent from lightning and a tree, like a forest fire) shows he was a once a god of fire, among others. His punishment is very similar to Prometheus’, who gave fire to man. In a myth (probably late) Loki has an eating contest with Logi (the personification of fire). Both Old Norse loga ‘flame’ and logi come from Indo-European *leuk- ‘bright, light’. If Loki came from the same root, the -k- would be unexplained. The cause could be found in Icelandic bingur ‘heap’, Norwegian bunga / bunka ‘small heap’. Seeing g > k in one word, also an old n-stem, suggests that PIE *kn > *gn > Gmc. *kn could be at work (as in *doik^no- > E. token), or that Gmc. *nK or *nKn was irregular (see below). Since n-stems had *-o:n in the nominative, but *-nos in the genitive, or similar inflection, a split of the older into two words later is possible:
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*luko:n > *lugo:n > logi
*luknos > *lugnos > *luknos >> *luko:n > Loki
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Sometimes *k > g in Celtic for no known cause (OIc. hafr ‘male goat’, L. caper, OIr. gabor), so there is no proof lug- did not come from *luk-. It is also possible that Lugu- is related to *lugh- in *lughra: > OW loyr, W. lloer ‘moon’, L. lūridus ‘pale yellow / wan / ghastly’, which would serve the same semantic purpose, even if from a separate root. It seems likely to me that *luk- and *lugh- would be related, since many IE roots are nearly identical except for voicing, such as *KaP- ‘hold’ > *ghabh-eH1 > L. habeō, *kap-ye- > L. capiō ‘seize/take’,*gab- > Arm. kapem ‘bind’.
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Since *ogmos > OIr ogum ‘Ogham writing’ is an o-stem, 3 different endings would exist (legend says Ogmae created ogum). With this, that the PIE word is *(e/o)mgni(yo)- / *(e/o)ngmo- / etc. and not *(e/o)ngni-s ‘fire’ allows figures similar to Lug to be added, especially if they had no etymology before. With more nasal dissimilation *n-m > *n-w, Gmc. *Ingwaz, ON Yngvi, OE Ing (which were likely other names for Frey). For *ngm > *nkw, since Kümmel proposed outcomes of Gmc. *nK that were not governed by Verner’s Law, *nKn might be a special case, both possibly irregular. Since Ing was “seen first among the East Danes” and had a wagon that could move over water he resembles the sun and other Sun Gods with flying boats or chariots. This could have also originally been like Frey’s magic foldable ship Skíðblaðnir or Wade’s boat Guingelot.
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It is not easy to determine an origin for *(e/o)ngmi(yo)-. However, since Agni shows many signs of being particularly associated with the domestic hearth, his female equivalent being *westu- ‘dwelling / home’ >> L. Vesta, G. Hestíā suggests a source for odd *-ngm-. If his name also came from ‘home’, a compound of *domyo- (Skt. dámya- ‘being in a house/homely’) could be *en+domyo- > *endmyo- ‘(that) which is within a house / hearth / focus’. With no other old examples, *ndm > *ngm seems possible. As for *(e/o)-, it could be optional rounding by *m in *emgnyo- > *omgniyo- (compare also optional e > o by KW in *penkWe > *kW- > O. *pompe ‘5’, L. quīnque; Ga. pempe-, *kWonkWe > OIr cóic ). If not, I have also considered it possible that PIE *(H)en ‘in(to)’ was actually more complicated. Consider :
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*ent(e)ro- ‘interior (of body) / entrails / stomach / belly’ > éntera ‘entrails’, Arm. ǝnder-k’, Skt. antrá-m, OCS jętro ‘liver’
*endro- > Cz. jádro ‘kernel’
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*wentri- ‘interior (of body) / entrails / stomach / belly’ > L. venter ‘belly / womb / entrails’
*wed(a)ro- > Li. vḗdaras ‘fish entrails’
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Both groups mean the same thing, alternate *t / *d and *Tr / *TVr for no clear reason. Some of this might be contamination between similar stems, but, if not, it could be that *ewen ‘in’ existed, becoming *en when not stressed (or in quick speech, or as a clitic, etc.). If so, *ewen-taro- could become *ent(e)ro- / *went(a)ro- ‘interior (of body)’, maybe with optional assimilation of *e-e-a > *e-e-e and *ntr vs. *ndR (for optional *r pronounced as uvular *R, see Whalen 2024b). With this, *ewen- or *ewem- > *on- / *om- might be more likely, and the w of *Ingwaz could be original. Whatever the case, I feel many of these problems need more study.
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Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2012) Das dünkt mich dunkel: Germanische etymologische Probleme
https://www.academia.edu/32282127
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Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic
https://www.academia.edu/112902373
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Whalen, Sean (2024a) Artemis and Indo-European Words for ‘Bear’
https://www.academia.edu/117037912
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Whalen, Sean (2024b) Greek Uvular R / q, ks > xs / kx / kR, k / x > k / kh / r, Hk > H / k / kh (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/115369292
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