Hi guys, happy Friday!
So I’ve been doing some painting as a means for extra cash lately, to make a long story short, I had some leftover paint in a small handheld bucket from a job today and my boss had already left with everything whilst I was finishing touch ups.
I couldn’t exactly pour paint down the clients drain obviously so I ended up having to awkwardly take it home with me lol.
Anyways, there’s been some troublesome graffiti under the 475 bridge on hill avenue that has been awful, but neither Toledo or holland would help clean it up, they’ve been pointing fingers at each other for a least a year, it’s ridiculous!
So, I finally took it upon myself today on the way home to clean up the big red homophobic spray paint with the leftover paint I had from work. Police drove by me even whilst I was covering it up, I got nervous but I’m glad they could see I wasn’t exactly doing the deed myself. Just doing what neither the city of Toledo and Village of Holland won’t do. It felt good not to mention it looks much nicer. Not too bothered about the rest as none of it was offensive and art is subjective 🤷🏼‍♀️
I was hoping to ask if you’ve seen in your area if there’s any offensive graffiti that you would love to see cleaned up that the city won’t bother with even though it’s literally their job.
List places below and if possible attach street view photos so I can locate it! I genuinely want to help keep the community at least somewhat visually appealing to some degree, ya know? Anything relating to racism, xenophobia, homophobia or just dumb pointless swearwords. Happy to help!

You know what's crazy, by the time anything Unbound related was dropped, we had that entire leak get released with some videos still out in the wild. And luckily, nothing was prematurely dropped so far so no false or inappropriate opinions like how a game's handling or graphics gets misconstrued. What a wild ride that was but let's get onto the future of Need for Speed. Let's start off with something that is practically confirmed, Criterion will be developing the next title and with the next title dropping in minimum, Fall 2024. The next title should also have a more streamlined and less disruptive (please to God) development with more developers joining in day one thanks to the merger between Criterion Guildford and Codemasters Cheshire (now Criterion Cheshire). Unbound had such a troubled development almost like Most Wanted 2012 in a way. So let's get onto what we want to see. And I hope that one Community Manager from Codemasters sees this and takes into some account.
The map, imo should be majority of city and less countryside. At minimum, 75% city and 25% countryside. The city should also be very grungy and dirty with the city having that disgruntled and crime filled vibe to it. The last few games have felt too clean with it's environments. Let's try and get away from the Forza Horizon vibes and get back to having a unique vibe and identity. Also, bring back stuff like the Derelicts as they were actually kind of fun to explore the map looking for the parts and gave you a reason to explore the map. If the US is still the chosen country, let's go to a city that we haven't explored yet like Memphis, Houston, New York City, Toledo, Salt Lake City, Seattle, etc.
Music, look if you're not bringing back rock music, at least have music that gets you hyped up and ready to race and dedicated music that is shows up in specific environments like the garage, open world, races, and drifting. If you have some slower placed music while speeding past traffic at 200mph, it gets really strange. Also, the Original Soundtrack, it needs that scare factor in pursuits and some instruments that don't sound like a garbled mess. I like some of Brodinski's score (maybe like 4 or 5) but a majority of the OST sound out of key. Have the original score be more dynamic kind of like Paul Linford's pursuit score having a dynamic soundtrack for nearly getting busted, running away, and causing damage or even Rhinos.
Visual and Performance Customization, stop removing parts and keeping them hidden in the game files and keep bringing on new parts. You can bring back the cellshaded effects but don't force anyone to use them unless they offer a more meaningful impact to the game, make the tags more customizable. Just let the tags (wings, graffiti over the car) be put in a neutral colorless room or background and using a way to draw out the tags and using them as 2D billboards to display the effects. The cellshaded smoke should have each individual layer of colors be customized and even the regular smoke have it's colors customized kind of like the window tint. Stance Tuning should seriously be expanded upon with wheel spacers or at the very least, custom presets with where the rims are set. We honestly don't care if the tires clip if we get to choose the specific placement, we just want flush and good looking widebodies. Moving onto Performance Customization, I think the customization should be similar to 2015 or even FH5 with it's expanded parts. I think the class system feels a bit restrictive with only 5 classes and a limited amount of parts you can install.
Handling/physics Model, don't give us the excuse that you can't have both a good grip and drift model without sacrificing quality in each. The grip should still have that Unbound feel but please, you should have the talent to have drifting feel satisfying but not be required or even be very competitive to win races. And without feeling on rails. Also, when we crash, STOP TAKING AWAY CONTROL OF THE CAR AND KEEP THE CAMERA IN PLACE AND NOT AWAY FROM THE CAR!!!! Crash Cams with their physics are awful and don't work outside of something like Burnout. If you do crash cams or non at all, please be like Heat where all that happens, is the UI goes missing and you have full control of the car. Crashing into the AI seems to be really strange like they just give up and their crash patterns seem really wild. Crashing into things seems to feel really broken and even some of the slightest touches cause some major headaches. Have crashes feel impactful without feeling like Underground and Underground 2's crashing.
Atmosphere, Unbound was lacking a bit in atmosphere with underground car culture taking a backseat from even Heat. Where were the spectators and flaming starting gates? Where was that Chicago vibe? No Cars roaming around the city? The police chatter still sounding subpar and nothing like actual police communicating? No fear factor?At least to me, parts don't feel like Chicago. Though I can't exactly commentate as I'm not from Chicago. Even Watch_Dogs feels more atmospheric with it's rendition of Chicago, even if it's actually Chicago. Lake Shore is still representative of Chicago and it doesn't jive with me. Also, there was little to no mention of any kind of the little things like someone doing some small mechanic work that feels genuine. Other than maybe at beginning where some lady came in and traded up some beers for payment. The ending with old man messing up his car, Rydell looking at it but the bonnet/hood isn't even open. I haven't played the story in a while but is it just me or do they never really mention anyone actually coming in and talk about their car and what's done to it or what needs to be done to it? Let's have a character who loves working on cars instead of always worrying about a basketball team that always loses.
Story, it has never been Need for Speed's strong suit but at least have a story that we can tolerate or be some kind of background nosie like the Black Box games. Unbound ranks for me as the worst story in the franchise. And I'm ashamed but at the same time thankful, Philip Huxley was NEVER apart of the project. The guy who wrote Heat's story and also parts of Arkham Knight and Killzone Shadowfall. The voice acting was even worse than previous games. The main character keep talking so much. Yaz waited years before she told the truth as if she was innocent and pure and went off stealing the main character's car as if we have a connection to it (to an extent). Tess was just just insufferable and said so much Zoomer shit like dancing pugs on TV, boba, and kept lying and just made bets and she never felt like an actual ally, just some girl with her daddy's trust funds. Alec, the disembodied figure that doesn't even say a single word yet apparatus he has so much power under his belt. The Collector from Payback was a much better villain because you actually heard his voice and understood his motivations and he spoke to Lina Navarro about what he actually can do. Alec, we don't know who tf he is. He has no motivation other than apparently by every other person's mouthes to steal some cars because he wants them for some collection. Rydell was probably the only one imo I could at least stand because he seems like a down to earth and easy to understand person, even in his old age. He just wants to work on cars, he likes basketball, and wants to keep the garage a float. And the voice acting was at least decent. Plus, he got a good few laughs out of me because he was so out of touch. Simple. Mayor Stevenson sounds like a bitch and is just painful to listen to and Candidate Holden just sounds idiotic as if we care about some election that has no impact on the game whatsoever. And that radio host girl acts like street racers are the heroes of the story. Street racing shouldn't be treated like it's some vigilante sport fighting the man and something that should be free and made legal. We're not heroes, we're just people who love the thrill of the chase and causing destruction without a care if the cops come after us or not. Unless the cops are actively doing some illegal backdoor deals like the chop shop from Heat, don't get involved with the idea that we're the good guys and the police are just bad because we get salty after street racing. Especially when the vibe of the story isn't even remotely dark at all. It feels too cheery. Give us a villain that we want to take down and people we want to care about. Also, I love the idea of the week system with different days. Expand upon it with unique circumstances each day with something new, Easter eggs and drivers appearing only certain times of day or even certain days. Different events that are unique and fresh giving you more chances to make new layouts for each day and time. And even let the cops react differently with the time of day affecting the cop's aggression and the days affecting the police presence out on the streets. Or maybe it's possible to do both with a multiplievalue system in place so it can be easy to track how much an officer reacts and are out.
Police, for the love of God, how did we go from the aggressive police of Heat to the braindead of Unbound? The police in Unbound feel too erratic and their spawn rates with the patrols are broken. And especially since the police always focus on ramming us and chipping at a health bar rather than focus on slowing us down and pinning us against a wall. Also, I understand why Undercover Units are their distinct ability to not be seen on the minimap until it's too late can be seriously irritating. The spotting mechanic is a cool addition but I think that should be tweaked upon. Have it be available in the early Heat Levels but then switch over to a chase mode that doesn't immediately start a pursuit but rather give us a headstart and if they can't reach us, go back to patrol kind of like Heat. Give the police some new tactics that haven't come back for a while and some new units like specially named ones that are more dangerous but reap better rewards.
Races, we need more race modes. There is not content in terms of racing in the past few games. What happened to Drag Races, expand upon the Takeovers with them taking more inspiration from the new Link Ups with more freedom and more of that illegal vibe. Games like Heat and Unbound took about the same time as Payback and it has drag races. So why aren't there any in Heat or Unbound? No Eliminator modes, no speed trap events, no hot pursuit like modes, no Touges, no outruns, High Heat events were removed in Unbound, leaving us with the bare minimum. For games now being $70, removing content should be the last thing on your minds especially since Criterion has now increased in size. Also, if buy ins come back, how about actually having the payouts make sense. I should NOT be getting only a fraction of the money if everyone else had to buy in. Even if the money is split amongst the competitors, some of the money is still missing and something isn't adding up. Where did it go? The economy should still reflect a balanced and fair amount that still doesn't seem too grindy but not giving out too much.
Multiplayer, why do we still have multiplayer that is still incomplete at launch and even to this day, no dedicated playlists (the ones in Unbound don't count). The sperate garages were a neat idea on paper but in execution, they didn't work. Especially since wraps between garages were still somehow shared. It made the game more artificially lengthened. And the way unlocking cars worked through challenges were such a horrible idea. Please, just either give us our shared garages or make unlocking cars simpler. Also, if the garages are separated in the next game, have some story involved give us a reason to care. GTA 5, RDR2, Halo Infinite all had these separate multiplayer stories that had some context to what was going on. Don't just treat it like some random content update, have fun with it and play around with some context. Having cops be dropped in like it was nothing is boring. Give some more context like the police department's budget increasing and they're finally patrolling.

Just wanted to share some experiences from visiting Scampi and Naples last week, my trip there originated from watching Gomorrah. I will try to keep concise and related this sub.
I will start off by saying the Scampia tour was resolutely not a film/tv show tour, but a people tour and ultimately a rebuke to the area's association with Gommorah. The tour was excellent and a total bucket list thing for me. We were asked to not take photos of the Veles, as put simply it's rude to photo the people living there. We understood and respected this request.
I booked the tour of Scampia with https://www.scampiatriptour.it/ via email and whatsapp.
We caught the metro to the Scampia Metro station, it was under 30 minutes from the centre and only €1.20. The metro station is a sight itself, as are all the art-stations on Linea 1. The Scampia station featured many posters for the annual carnival as well as photos of the event which began with only a few attendees and now has thousands going. There was also a wall of black and white pictures of artists that originated from Scampia.
We walked to where the Scampia face portraits by the artist Jorit are painted on the side of buildings, these are of the US activist Angela Davis and of Italian poet Pier Pasolini. These modern developments (retail below and 3 stories housing above) home the people from the demolished Vele di Scampias. We then drove past the remaining Veles (the famous buildings featured so prominently in Gommorah film/show and perhaps the real star of both)! There are (as of Oct 2022) three remaining, and they have people living in them, with washing hanging up. The ultimate plan is to demolish two more, and leave one as a community space.
My overriding memory of the Veles was the incredibly intricate interior walkways. The design was originally to replicate the narrow alleyways of central Naples.
A particular graffiti was pointed out, sprayed on the side of one of the Veles: "Scampia is not Gommorah". In the middle of the area is a brand new Medical University which is due to open imminently.
We then stopped at a community maintained garden, and again saw some world class street art, often of Civil Rights leaders and other inspirational figures.
Walking around one of the very tall housing blocks we again saw community gardens, with each block taking responsibility for maintaining it. There was an amazing three face portrait of the Naples soccer superstar Diego Maradona (his likeness is all over Naples). I also loved a street artwork of the cartoon Corto Maltese.
Drug Dealing: The territorial dealing spots featured in Gomorrah went out with the advent of the smart phone, and are no longer really a thing. The Scampia Feud which the film and first two seasons were based on was around 17 years ago. We found the area safe, and cleaner than central Naples. Yes there was tag graffiti (less so than Berlin or parts of Paris) and the area has marked socio-economic problems. It was expressed that the film was more accurate to the Scampia Feud than the TV show, which chronologically placed the timeline from 2014. Obviously the latter series were very fictional.
We had a lunch in a great restaurant in Secondigliano which had nicer food and a better setting than the ones we went to in Central Naples. The tour focused objectively on positives in the area, and I thoroughly recommend it.
Away from the Scampia Tour, in central Naples we walked around the Forcella district. We walked it in the evening, again there is an amazing Jorit art work of San Gennaro._9120.jpg). There were always quite a few people around, this part of Naples is old and densely populated with some side streets having washing lines strung from one balcony to another. We stayed around 1.5 km away and never needed to shut the curtains of the 1st floor room we had as the light never really brightly reached us at that level. Forcella is a busy district, there was one part where we felt a slightly perceptible feeling of a different atmosphere. Overall we didn't find Naples unsafe, but we are fairly confident/sensible people used to a big city.
The Forcella Gommorah scenes nailed the prevalence of scooters running up and down the streets of Naples over the distinctive black street cobbles. Also the over-riding black colour scheme of clothing. It seemed like a uniform in Naples to wear black and white, and it's a really stylish City. On Saturday night on Via Toledo there were hundreds of younger people (avg very early 20's) walking around dressed really stylish and distinctively.
I don't want to make it a travel blog, but I also had the best ever Pizza and Gelato in Naples! I did think of a child Ciro enjoying a gelato in the Immortal film!

-Did you know the youngest person killed by the Chicago police since 1970, was not Black or Hispanic, he was White, and killed for the same way Adam Toledo was killed: older handing younger a gun. -Did you know no Black person has been killed the same way Adam Toledo was killed? -The 1st person to die by being tasered to death was not Black, he was White. And naked. -No Black person has been killed breaking into an off-duty CPD's home, and then killed for it, but it has happened for multiple Hispanic people and 1 Middle Eastern. (We know there have been recent Black people killed walking in to a retired Fire Department's garage, but not CPD.). -No Black person has murdered someone, went to prison for it, come out, then got killed by CPD. But this has happened to White people before. (It has happened to Black people that are convicted accessory-murder, but did not do or aid the actual murder). -CPD has killed only 3 naked men before. 2 of them were White, 1 Black. The Black 1 was tasered to death. -Of the 3 people killed by suicide-call-by-911, 2 of them were White, 1 was Black. -The oldest person killed that came after CPD with a knife, age 72, then killed for it, was not Black, he was White. -The 1st and 3rd highest place the CPD killed someone (43rd floor and 26th floor) were White, whereas the 2nd highest (38th floor, after he had just killed 3 people there) was Black. -No Black person has been killed by CPD for trying to deposit a stolen money order at a Currency Exchange (White), firing guns on New Year Eve's night (Hispanic), or attempted to come to friend's home drunk, but rang on the wrong house, and got a 911 call then killed (White), or was drunk and hit parked cars with a hatchet (White). -No Black person has been killed breaking into someone else's house, but that has happened to 2 Whites and 1 White-Puerto Rican before. -No Black person has been killed for walking into a police station waving a knife, but that has happened to White people before.
Of course we can talk about things Black people have been killed for that Whites and Hispanics have not, but that's not the point of this post.
Okay let's talk about some things that Black people have not been killed for but it has for Hispanic people.
-No Black person has been killed after doing a drive-by shooting or the driver of 1, then killed by CPD the same day. That has happened to 3 Hispanic people. 4, if counting jumping out of the van to do a walk-on shooting. -No Black person has been killed because an off-duty CPD overheard him offer to sell guns to someone else in a bar, then followed by the off-duty CPD, this has happened to Hispanics before. -No Black person has been killed for shooting or pointing gun to CPD while on a bike, that has happened with Mexican and Puerto Rican before. -Of the 2 people beaten to death because they refused to snitch, none were Black, they were 1 Mexican and 1 Puerto Rican. -No Black person has been beaten to death because CPD broke into their home for gun arrest and without a warrant, that has happened to Hispanics before. -No Black person has been killed from a domestic disturbance because, the 911 caller later admitted that she made a bogus 911 call that he had dead bodies in his residence, so CPD can speed up the process, which led to CPD killing the victim. This has happened to Hispanics before. -No Black person has been killed after firing gunshots inside a restaurant, then killed by CPD, but this has happened to Hispanic people before. -This might be disprovable, but it doesn't seem any Black people have been killed by CPD and have been in federal prison before, but it has for Hispanic people. As well as for Hispanic people from a Chicago-sect killed by suburb police. -Now this is a no brainer, no Black person has been killed from doing graffiti, but it has happened for Hispanics.
We can also talk about things that White people have been killed for that Hispanic people have not, and vice versa, but who cares about that.

I had the opportunity to chat with Nick Felaris AKA Codex, a Toledo, Ohio born graffiti artist, animator, printer of punk art fanzines, and maker of distinctive, plunderphonic-like music murals. Read what he had to say by following the link below!

Human rights: Food for the thought of lions ‘HR lost in history’
Human Rights Reader 587
[TLDR (too long didn’t read): This Reader is about how conventional history has created a picture that leaves out ‘the other half’ of history; this, with dire implications for human rights. For a quick overview, just read the bolded text].
-For people fighting our damn wars there are no winners or losers; just survivors. But be it as it may, glory has always gone to the victors; political history shows us that. (David Baldacci, The Whole Truth)
-Does war serve as an entertainment function for the powerful to which they invite the powerless misers to be on the front line? (Henri Jeanson) "Guns don't kill people, people kill people…"
-Wars are fought and won so that more wars have to be fought, because peace efforts are always fouled in civilian conferences. (James Clavell, Tai-Pan)
A history of dead myths?
-To believe in an ‘official’ history means trusting the word of criminals. (Simone Weil)
-Conventional history takes itself too seriously. It is the world’s original sin. History should have been tallied up differently. (Oscar Wilde, The Picture of Dorian Gray)

1. Our school history lessons only exposed us to what happened fifty, a hundred or more years ago. The best history books, I think, are autobiographies since many conventional historians chronicle(d) as per the wishes of the powers of the day thus being incapable of shaking off their ideological biases.* (Juan Pablo Cardenas)

*: ‘The West’ wrote its own history, overestimating its role considerably. Viewing the past from the perspective of the present has created a lot of unjustified myths and presents it as if the Renaissance and the Enlightenment were really fundamental breakthroughs that gave the West an undeniable advantage and superiority. Could this be a far distance from the truth? We must move away from such easy black-and-white thinking. (Jack Goody) Noteworthy here is the fact that the role of corporate-endowed-foundations has also been successful in rewriting history in order to give presentations that are in line with their ideology and mission (think English and Dutch East India Companies, Rockefeller, Bill and Melinda Gates foundations… ). [You want another example?: Recycle. Fly less. Eat less meat. These are some of the ways that we've been told can slow climate change. But the inordinate emphasis on individual behavior is the result of a marketing campaign that has succeeded in placing the responsibility for fixing climate change squarely on the shoulders of individuals/consumers. (Michael Mann)].
All big events of human history can also be seen in their contradictions (Esteban Valenti)

1. The barbaric aspects of human history have been grounded in intolerance --a fertile soil for classism, racism, fundamentalism and for the rise of totalitarian regimes.** But they are also the base of cries of anger towards those that feed nonsense recounts into conventional history. The vortex of deaths in history was too often encouraged by ultra-conservatism, fascism and communism and was tolerated, even supported, by the three big monotheisms (Christianity, Judaism and Islam). Those who thought that the dark times of the past had been overcome and that history would eventually bring us objective knowledge, today must accept that they suffered from excessive optimism. (Victor Toledo)

**: Over-and-over such intolerance starved those rendered poor into submission or killed them by pain. As I look back upon man moving through history, I am haunted by a feeling of loss. So much has been surrendered and to such a little purpose. There have been monstrous forms of torture and of denial whose ultimate origin was fear. (Oscar Wilde, op cit) “You do not see the river of tears that have been shed in history, because history still does not have in it a tear shed by you”. (Antonio Porchia)

1. Ponder: Armies never explicitly forbid acts of violence against the masses of peasants and blue-collar workers.*** In the same way, international institutions never forbid wars, taking into account that they simply imposed the laws that glorify the domination of the strongest without trying to understand the social mechanisms at play and their ultimate consequences --including those on human rights (HR). (Frederic Lordon)

***: “If my soldiers were to begin to think, not one of them would remain in the army”. (Frederick the Great)

1. Take for example:

· The peoples of Europe oppressed and fought bloody wars to consolidate their power and then they erected statues for their heroes and elevated the cult of their dead into a national religion. (If, for example, you ask Italian children who they would like to be like, most of them will undoubtedly choose to be a blond hero). Wars have always been fought for the sake of commerce, not of civilization. (Men are only painted with civilization but, if they scratch their wolf’s skin, it immediately becomes apparent that the right of the mightiest is the only one they recognize). Humanity needs a cleansing of its blood to erase many of the injustices they have inflicted. But so many of our leaders do not really repent for having left the masses in a state of ignorance. (Antonio Gramsci)
· The commitment of European colonial capitalists to maintain their dominance resulted in a veritable bloodbath in which literally millions died and whole nations and cultures were destroyed. But what is incredible about this orgy of death and destruction imposed on so many over the decades and centuries, is that simultaneous to committing genocides and enslaving and perfecting new and more effective weapons of mass destruction, the Western world claimed to be the championing HR(!), and they largely got away with it. Key among these tactics was the categorization of human beings into those with rights and those without --this having invariably always been a racialized distinction. (Ajamu Baraka)
· Moreover, the U.S. State Department’s Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (a source for historians?) that, every year since 1976, has issued HR reports on every nation on the globe --with the exception of the United States itself (causing other nations to retort: “We have no Guantanamo”). These reports, and the closely related reports on civil and political rights of organizations (like the millionaire-funded Human Rights Watch that operates a revolving door with Washington) are designed to provide Washington and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) with justifications for: (1) military buildups and threats of war; (2) the carrying out of actual wars and military interventions; (3) economic sanctions and blockades (a form of modern siege warfare designed to starve out populations); (4) political interference in the elections of other countries; and (5) the launching of ‘color revolutions’ --all means that are directed primarily at non-subservient nations officially targeted as human rights violators by Washington. (Monthly Review editorial)
Bottom line: There is no paint that can cover injustice (graffiti in Santiago, Chile)
-Yes, the need is for a more comparative history, a kind of histoire raisonnee taking a more holistic view.
-If you do not know the true history, then you do not know anything; you are a leaf that does not know it is part of a tree. (Michael Crichton)

1. It would seem that many conventional historians never passed the theory of history 101 course. It is therefore that they miss assimilating the truth behind concrete historically neglected facts; they do not take-in the fact that the historical truth is not subjective.**** It would seem they disregard the fact that the only criterion of this truth is what happens in all social groups. As a result, starting from what is a historical lie, they have created an understanding that is contrary to the true roots of history. (Cesar Cerda)

****: Despite its pretended objectivity, history is a literary genre (sometimes well crafted), but with all this implies for its distorting or bending reality. (Albino Gomez)

1. Urgent: The new generations must be clearly exposed to the reality that conventional history ignores certain subjects of history --and that affects their understanding of the world. (Gianni Tognoni)

Claudio Schuftan, Ho Chi Minh City
Your comments are welcome at [schuftan@gmail.com](mailto:schuftan@gmail.com)
All Readers are available at www.claudioschuftan.com
Postscript/Marginalia
-Journalists can barely be the accepted source of information for conventional historians; but they occasionally have been/are.
-In his Nobel Prize speech, Albert Camus said that the writer plays a role that does not absolve him from difficult obligations. Therefore, he would not, on this day, put his skills at the service of historians, but at the service of those who suffer the ravages of history. He saw his obligation to be to resist oppression.
-As Tolstoy pointed out, Napoleon succeeded in invading Russia, because he had a powerful army. But is this all? ‘Achievements’ like this are never solitary so that the suffering and HR violations got lost in translation….

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Game	USD	EUR	GBP	Discount
Of Bird and Cage	$12.49	€10.4	£9.49	16%
Adventures of Chris	$6.74	€5.62	£5.12	55%
Bite the Bullet	$5.24	€4.37	£3.98	65%
Blue Fire	$14.99	€12.59	£11.61	25%
Cyber Hook	$6.74	€5.62	£5.12	55%
Double Cross	$3.99	€3.35	£3.19	80%
Joggernauts	$2.99	€2.99	£2.27	80%
Mable & The Wood	$1.99	€1.99	£1.99	80%
REZ PLZ	$6.74	€5.62	£5.12	55%
The King's Bird	$3.99	€3.35	£3.09	80%
Trident's Wake	$2.99	€2.49	£2.27	80%
Turnip Boy Commits Tax Evasion	$11.24	€9.36	£8.54	25%
20.000 Leagues Under The Sea - Captain Nemo	$0.49	€0.49	£0.42	75%
5-in-1 Pack - Monument Builders: Destination USA	$0.99	€0.99	£0.69	90%
AGON - The Lost Sword of Toledo	$0.99	€0.99	£0.69	90%
AGON - The Mysterious Codex (Trilogy)	$0.99	€0.99	£0.69	90%
ALPAGES : THE FIVE BOOKS	$0.5	€0.5	£0.4	49%
ATV Drift & Tricks	$1.49	€1.49	£1.13	90%
Agatha Christie - The ABC Murders	$1.49	€1.49	£1.09	90%
Aladin & the Enchanted Lamp	$0.49	€0.49	£0.42	75%
Alcatraz Builder	$0.49	€0.49	£0.39	90%
Alice - Behind the Mirror	$0.49	€0.49	£0.42	75%
Alice in Wonderland - Hidden Objects	$0.49	€0.49	£0.42	75%
Amerzone: The Explorer’s Legacy	$0.49	€0.49	£0.39	90%
Around the World in 80 Days	$0.61	€0.49	£0.52	69%
Asterix & Obelix XXL 1	$19.49	€19.49	£16.24	35%
Asterix & Obelix XXL 2	$5.99	€5.99	£4.99	80%
Asterix & Obelix XXL 3 - The Crystal Menhir	$8.99	€8.99	£7.49	70%
Atlantis 2: Beyond Atlantis	$0.51	€0.51	£0.36	87%
Bet On Soldier	$0.79	€0.79	£0.55	90%
Black Moon Chronicles	$0.47	€0.47	£0.38	92%
Black Viper: Sophia's Fate	$0.99	€0.99	£0.69	90%
Blacksad: Under the Skin	$13.19	€13.19	£11.54	67%
Blake and Mortimer: The Curse of the Thirty Denarii	$0.49	€0.49	£0.42	75%
Chariot	$1.04	€1.04	£0.76	93%
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Fiery, but mostly peaceful protests. Of course them assaulting people was just peaceful disagreement.
Breaking: Far-left protesters confront Mayor @tedwheeler, who showed up to the scene of the police-involved shooting of a man in Portland.
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1383129348719448071?s=19

Antifa extremists are trying to disrupt & stop police from carrying out an investigation at the crime scene where a white man was shot dead by law enforcement. Antifa often say that police kill blacks & intentionally not shoot whites.

https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1383152114113908738?s=19
BLM-Antifa extremists have gathered to confront @PortlandPolice & to try and stop an investigation into the police-involved shooting death of a white man today. #antifa
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1383155900727320576?s=19
Reporter @PDocumentarians bleeding after being shoved to the ground, hit multiple times while covering a protest in Portland right now
https://twitter.com/PDXzane/status/1383163724932927488?s=19

Antifa confronted & assaulted police in Portland. They tried to shut down the crime scene investigation of a man who was shot dead. #PortlandRiots

https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1383204031556882436?s=19
Portland: #Antifa & far-left extremists gathered to assault police at a crime scene investigation. They assaulted a journalist & then shut down the road. Here, they attacked a driver. #PortlandRiots
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1383204962600124416?s=19
.@PortlandPolice made no arrests as #antifa rioters tore down crime scene tape, assaulted people & damaged property at the scene of a shooting investigation.
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1383206299320614921?s=19
BLM-Antifa have shut down the roads in their direct action in Oakland, Cal. #antifa
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1383276117734268931?s=19
The Oakland, Cal. #antifa direct action march for #BLM has now moved on to violent rioting. #AntifaRiots #Oakland
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1383276872595689474?s=19
Seattle: #Antifa have returned to the former CHAZ. Their autonomous zone last year devolved into attempted rape, mass violence, shootings & several homicides of black people.
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1383281099434983425?s=19

Antifa vandalized a small business in downtown Portland at their ongoing riot. #PortlandRiots

https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1383296830033731595?s=19
Portland: #Antifa smashed up the Nike store in downtown at their riot. They tried looting it last year but was stopped by the store’s large security team. @Nike has committed to donating tens of millions to #BLM. #PortlandRiots
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1383302146855030789?s=19
Portland: @starbucks was smashed up again by #antifa at their downtown riot. This happens regularly in the city for about a year now. #PortlandRiots
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1383302886323412998?s=19
FIRE RAGING AT APPLE STORE #portland #riot @KOINNews
https://twitter.com/jennytyoung/status/1383315915350056961?s=19
Participants in the riot have been seen attempting to burglarize businesses. Leave the area to the west. Failure to do so may subject you to arrest and/or the use of force, including but not limited to impact munitions and tear gas.
https://twitter.com/PortlandPolice/status/1383282790733516802?s=19
Portland: #Antifa carried out arson attacks throughout downtown. #PortlandRiots #antifa
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1383327815299338242?s=19
Tonight, the City of Oakland experienced disruptive protests in the Downtown area. A crowd size of 250-300 protesters assaulted a community member and police officer, broke windows, spray painted buildings, set a car on fire along with multiple debris fires.
https://twitter.com/oaklandpoliceca/status/1383314623240175616?s=19
Oakland, Cal.: #Antifa rioters smash up buildings and start fires. #AntifaRiots
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1383329412972568580?s=19
Oakland, Cal.: #Antifa assault a black video live streamer for recording their riot.
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1383329731710316544?s=19
Oakland, Cal.: #Antifa set part of a car dealership on fire.
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1383329891240669188?s=19
Portland: A close-up of the materials #antifa stacked against the downtown @Apple store before setting it on fire. The building then caught fire. #PortlandRiots
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1383330414660493318?s=19
Portland: #Antifa left behind a trail of graffiti with their messages in downtown. In addition to antifa symbols & dog whistles, they incite murderous violence. #PortlandRiots
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1383330745150701577?s=19
Damage at the Apple Store
https://twitter.com/PortlandPolice/status/1383327321101275138?s=19
More photos of damage to businesses in Downtown Portland. A community member suffered a flattened tire after striking a metal spike device in a roadway.
https://twitter.com/PortlandPolice/status/1383325880349384704?s=19
This is how the genius legacy media (@opb) report on the arson attack by #antifa in downtown Portland. Even after it was declared a legal riot by police, this pro-antifa reporter calls rioters, “protesters.”#MostlyPeaceful
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1383327438831165442?s=19
“We don’t describe breaking windows as violence, for violence a sentient being must be involved.” This is ideology & has nothing to do w/journalism. Unfortunately this reporter applied for leadership role in Society of Professional Journalists so he could teach this to others.
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1383374684603879434?s=19

Virgina Beach

VirginiaBeach

BLM confronts a street preacher who calls out those in the group out for not showing up when there is black on black violence within the community. The preacher also does not like it when the leader of this BLM group calls him the ‘n’ word.
https://twitter.com/Tr00peRstatus/1383725252048351240?s=19
BLM Blocks Street, Won't Let Man Drive To His House, Get In His Face, Then Demand Cops Arrest Him When He Pushes Back, Cops Oblige
https://twitter.com/Tr00peRstatus/1383718295723905024?s=19
Maxine Waters is at the unrest in Brooklyn Center demanding people get more confrontational if Derek Chauvin is acquitted.
She’s directly inciting violence & riot.
https://twitter.com/VillainReport/status/1383713779926462464?s=19
The LA demonstrators genuinely think they’re being targeted by a shooter because of Kenosha (and a shooting between individuals attending an anti-police themed vigil in Ohio). Fascinating.
https://twitter.com/shanermurph/status/1383683626194259976?s=19
See that Journalist on right w/steady hand filming w/foot caught under police mayhem while being dragged to safety while he won’t stop filming? Legendary. That’s my guy @blackhousenew
You think CNN staff is gonna go thru this to get you the story? #DCProtests
https://twitter.com/ChuckModi1/status/1383647378759032832?s=19

BrooklynCenter

A white demonstrator accuses livestreamer ‘Regg’ - who is black - of being a police officer for filming during tonight’s demonstration.
The paranoia is both comical and concerning.
https://twitter.com/shanermurph/status/1383676434347020290?s=19
"PPB=Murderers" has been spray painted onto the sidewalk
https://twitter.com/jwcroxton/status/1383667562420969476?s=19
"Whoa nice house bro," initially painted.
It's followed up with, "Gentrifyers".
"Now it's got a message."

DenverProtest

https://twitter.com/SCATSOTS/status/1383666875712741378?s=19
Several more #antifa in black bloc were stopped, think they were just searched not arrested
https://twitter.com/AntifaWatch2/status/1383663652184592387?s=19
A mother and her son in their car are briefly surrounded by black bloc. The kid plugs his ears until everyone passes. Black Bloc laugh at the scared look on the kids face.

DenverProtest

https://twitter.com/SCATSOTS/status/1383660208258359301?s=19
The tagging continues.
"Hand up, shoot back."

DenverProtest

https://twitter.com/SCATSOTS/status/1383660392765747208?s=19
Like wtf is this @OhioState Did COVID disappear
https://twitter.com/mitchlaw24/status/1383642263662645251?s=19
Man, they really hate restaurants for some reason. Probably because they eat out of the garbage can. 🤷

SacramentoProtest

https://twitter.com/KBoomhauestatus/1383658820191232002?s=19
Portland Police have declared a protest in southeast Portland an unlawful assembly. They’re pushing the group on SE 106th Ave away from the East Precinct @fox12oregon
https://twitter.com/DrewCMarine/status/1383653453528928256?s=19
Denver Antifa/BLM march through the captiol hill area.

DenverProtest

https://twitter.com/SCATSOTS/status/1383651863174672395?s=19
LA #Antifa flag flying at this event. They have just attacked a journalist/streamer in front of LAPD
https://twitter.com/AntifaWatch2/status/1383652339202936836?s=19
LA Antifa just blatantly attacked @wysiwygtv right in front of the LAPD
https://twitter.com/fvckcommies/status/1383649503144673281?s=19
He is fine but his gimbal is broke Apparently, the people that broke his gimbal are the same people that attacked @FromKalen
https://twitter.com/fvckcommies/status/1383651130001944578?s=19
Group appears mostly to be using black bloc tactics. However, there are some in the crowd who are not dressed in black. More video from the scene. @kcranews is at Lavender Heights #dauntewright #AdamToledo #BLM
https://twitter.com/StephanieLinTV/status/1383648263727763465?s=19
An Antifa/BLM protest in Denver was spoiled before it began. Denver PD Officers detained at least 1 person, and confiscated a few umbrellas, which are commonly used as cover.

DenverProtest

https://twitter.com/SCATSOTS/status/1383645995066482694?s=19
Activists try to get on the train and go home but officers from the NYPD won't let them on Filmed and owned by leeroy Johnson

BLM #NYPD #AdamToledo #BreakingNews

https://twitter.com/LeeroyPress/status/1383640786240114692?s=19
I think Antifa lit a fire on the Christopher Columbus statue in Washington, DC #DCProtests
https://twitter.com/KBoomhauestatus/1383604713296302081?s=19
D.C
https://twitter.com/KBoomhauestatus/1383604853847429133?s=19
Fire on the Christopher Columbus station (Union Station) in Washington, DC #DCProtests
https://twitter.com/KBoomhauestatus/1383605680985108483?s=19
Police moving in after a fire was lit on the Christopher Columbus statue in DC #DCProtests
https://twitter.com/KBoomhauestatus/1383607855559811076?s=19
The Christopher Columbus statue was also vandalized with spray paint #WashingtonDC
https://twitter.com/KBoomhauestatus/1383608088414982144?s=19
JUST NOW:
Columbus Fountain in front Union Station vandalized with graffiti, expended fireworks and flares
https://twitter.com/RichieMcGinniss/status/1383613352283308038?s=19
Fireworks being launched at officers in #WashingtonDC

DCProtests

https://twitter.com/KBoomhauestatus/1383617052519194630?s=19
Confrontations with police.

DCProtests

https://twitter.com/KBoomhauestatus/1383617423404797964?s=19
Sacramento Antifa currently smashing up outdoor dining areas as they march by, with police following #SacramentoProtest
https://twitter.com/KBoomhauestatus/1383641914717605889?s=19
Aftermath
https://twitter.com/KBoomhauestatus/1383641951723876353?s=19
Man, they really hate restaurants for some reason. Probably because they eat out of the garbage can. 🤷

SacramentoProtest

https://twitter.com/KBoomhauestatus/1383658820191232002?s=19
A Sheriff’s Office deputy located a duffle bag filled with various-sized rocks that was placed outside of a government building.
https://twitter.com/sacsheriff/status/1383634660148727816?s=19

HappeningNow at the protest in Brooklyn.

Protesters yell at capitan Delgado after he told his officers to attack Protesters Filmed and owned by leeroy Johnson

NYPD #AdamToledo #DaunteWright

https://twitter.com/LeeroyPress/status/1383623010834210821?s=19
Maxine Waters is out inciting riots tonight in #BrooklynCenter
https://twitter.com/KBoomhauestatus/1383628776874012675?s=19
DC Police taking down Antifa in Chinatown
https://twitter.com/JackPosobiec/status/1383621162610003975?s=19
Lots of infighting tonight in Brooklyn Center
https://twitter.com/fvckcommies/status/1383625817431822339?s=19
Flag burning in Denver

DenverProtests

https://twitter.com/KBoomhauestatus/1383625102411980800?s=19
"No prison, no walls, no USA at all" #DenverProtests
https://twitter.com/KBoomhauestatus/1383618453693558787?s=19
BLM is in charge of the police.

Stillwater Minnesota

https://twitter.com/KBoomhauestatus/1383577258657415177?s=19
Earlier: "If you think black lives matter you can come march with us, you can come join us. If you don't you can stay up at your house. You can stay up in your driveway looking at us like we're doing something crazy when we're just here trying to fight for our lives."

Stillwater

https://twitter.com/KBoomhauestatus/1383585249943117829?s=19

Graffiti sprayed during the Los Angeles #BLM march for #DaunteWright says “Kill cops” and “No more white babies.”
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382651630315769861?s=19
CNN interviews #BLM protester who shows off a can of soup and winks at the camera. Rioters have been throwing canned food, rocks and bricks at law enforcement protecting the Brooklyn Center PD. #DaunteWright
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382651025568505858?s=19
The Chicago chapter of #antifa group All Out is promoting a riot for tonight at Union Park. #AdamToledo #BLM #AntifaRiots
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382646229176291329?s=19
A black man tried discouraging #antifa from being violent at the Brooklyn Center, Minn. protest (they’re throwing projectiles). He stands directly in front of them. Powerful video by @BGOnTheScene #DaunteWright #BLM
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382635708074971138?s=19

Antifa rioters in black bloc push up against the barrier at the Brooklyn Center Police Department in Minnesota. #BLM #DaunteWright

https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382529151295455233?s=19

Antifa in Portland are panicking now that it’s been revealed that it was an informant who told police who exactly set the police union hall on fire at the riot. Alma Raven-Guido has been charged with five felonies but was released without bail. #PortlandRiots

https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382523519494414337?s=19
This may become one of the most significant blows to #antifa in Portland. Someone knowledgeable about their organized criminal operations is an informant. It will make carrying out massive organized violence as they’ve done recently harder since they won’t trust one another.
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382528599383810051?s=19
She assaulted police with her bodily fluids at the #antifa riot. Now she wants money in a lawsuit alleging false arrest.
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382510110266818560?s=19
On the fourth night of rioting in Brooklyn Center, Minn., #antifa have become even more organized. They brought reinforced shields that allow them to hide while throwing or shooting projectiles at law enforcement. Video by @RichieMcGinniss. #DaunteWright
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382509106641170432?s=19
Man part of CNN crew for CNN reporter @miguelmarquez was hit in the head by a protester at the #BLM protest in Brooklyn Center, Minn. He falls to the ground from the assault. #antifa
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382503197990801408?s=19
CNN reporter @miguelmarquez & his crew were violently chased away from the #BLM protest in Brooklyn Center, Minn. #DaunteWright #antifa
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382503752394010630?s=19
A ship operated by Sea-Watch, a far-left German organization that brings illegal migrants into the EU, flies the #antifa flag.
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382496428908556293?s=19
Brooklyn Center, Minn.: An anti-police protester holds a severed pig head in the air that has been impaled with a pole. #DaunteWright #BLM
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382493819644604418?s=19
Adults hand a young child a bullhorn & have him/her yell at the Brooklyn Center Police Department. The police station has been at the center of intense violence by BLM-Antifa for several consecutive nights. Video by @realJamesKlug. #BLM #DaunteWright
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382476574793084930?s=19
On 13 April, in a pre-announced riot, #antifa marched to the @PortlandPolice union hall & set it on fire again. They caused significant damage to the facility, which has been targeted & set on fire dozens of times by #antifa since last year. #DaunteWright
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382407189541875714?s=19
Portland: Pleas from the police for calm were ignored by #antifa. They called for another day of rioting. Antifa marched to the boarded-up police union & set it on fire again. This follows arson attacks in past week on local @icegov & a police station.
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382247655796006912?s=19
Dallas, Texas: #BLM protesters take over a restaurant & chant about carrying out arson attacks. #DaunteWright
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382251685729423360?s=19
Patrisse Cullors, the #BLM co-founder who spent millions buying multiple homes, told college students that capitalism is “more tragic” than COVID-19. She also praised violent rioters for their rage.
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382367241799405568?s=19
“Hope you & your people will die like George” "Go back to Africa" "Get hanged"
Racist messages were sent to black students at White Bear Lake High School (@isd624) in Minn., prompting a mass #BLM protest & FBI investigation.
It was a hoax. #HateHoax
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382340578252353544?s=19
Portland: After #antifa set the @PortlandPolice union hall on fire overnight, they returned to the local @ICEgov & started more fires. Last weekend, they barricaded the front & set the building on fire. No one was arrested. #antifariots #BLM
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382335867344330759?s=19
Photos of the fire, charred entry, and @PDXFire personnel assisting in extinguishing the flames.
https://twitter.com/PortlandPolice/status/1382216577832022017?s=19
A large street fire erupted in Brooklyn Center, Minn. in another night of unrest as BLM-Antifa rioters attacked the police station & fought law enforcement again. #DaunteWright
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382263322389704708?s=19
Sacramento: #Antifa assault a black videographer for recording in public. cc: @uspresstracker #DaunteWright
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382259546605944834?s=19
Seattle: #Antifa scream at @SeattlePD officers & call them “Nazis.” Antifa organized an event for violent criminal #DaunteWright where they made a memorial & also vandalized the police station.
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382258651029721088?s=19
Columbus, Ohio: #BLM rioters tried to force their way inside a police station before being repelled by pepper spray. #DaunteWright
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382257945577193473?s=19
As seen in Portland, BLM-Antifa rioters get in a shield formation outside the Brooklyn Center Police Department near Minneapolis. Video by @RichieMcGinniss. #BLM #antifa #DaunteWright
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382150688566837248?s=19
Law enforcement are using crowd control tools on BLM-Antifa rioters at the @BPPD station. Video by @realJamesKlug. #BLM #antifa #DaunteWright
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382147509615726595?s=19
“Get the white people to the front!”

BLM protesters demand that whites be used as human shields as they gather outside the Brooklyn Center police station. They’ve been trying to break down the fence & are throwing projectiles. #antifa

https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382147016382369793?s=19
A large group of #antifa have gathered at the @BPPD station & are trying to break down the protective fencing. #DaunteWright #BLM
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382146517318864899?s=19
Germany 'rent cap' protest
https://twitter.com/KBoomhauestatus/1382773885649637376?s=19
Following four nights of BLM-Antifa violence & rioting in Brooklyn Center, Minn., the city is erecting another barrier around the police station. Video by @RichieMcGinniss. #DaunteWright #antifa #BLM
https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1382771497882812422?s=19
JUST IN - Second layer of fencing and barricades deployed at #BrooklynCenter Police Department.
https://twitter.com/disclosetv/status/1382767794970824707?s=19
Police ultimately formed an extremely wide and dense riot line and pushed into the protesters from the side, which caused their dispersal from the Brooklyn Center Police Department.
https://twitter.com/FordFischestatus/1382640866473443332?s=19
Protesters assembled in an umbrella shield formation to block less lethal munitions.
Police largely focused their fire on that formation, which appeared to be about 25 feet back from the fence officers were behind.
https://twitter.com/FordFischestatus/1382640630661283840?s=19
End of the night: Law enforcement closed in on the umbrella gang and cleared the area. 24 arrests made tonight.
https://twitter.com/realJamesKlug/status/1382581335643000832?s=19
4th straight night of uncivil unrest at the Brooklyn Center Police Department. 24 arrests were made tonight after the 10 pm curfew, no tear gas was used tonight. Pepper balls, pepper spray, flash bangs were used @DailyCaller

Minneapolis #DaunteWright

https://twitter.com/VenturaReport/status/1382570975322079234?s=19
Unlawful assembly has been declared for the #DaunteWright protest outside of LAPD HQ.
Protestors are standing their ground and are refusing to leave.
https://twitter.com/TomasMorales_iv/status/1382558388001726465?s=19

Hi, all! I'm a young street guitarist and graffiti artist from Toledo, OH with a passion for music and weird animation. I just made my debut electronic album that samples spraypaint cans, cats, alley rain, turntables, and broken bottles. It's available on Bandcamp, Soundcloud, Youtube, and RateYourMusic!
Fire your questions at me! Whether that's about independent production, underground art, or every weird thing in between!

link to part 1: https://www.reddit.com/BrianShaffecomments/etrmjg/an_in_depth_look_at_the_case_part_1/
With Brian’s disappearance becoming international news, sightings of him popped up in foreign countries, and other states. One in Michigan was provided by a girl on a road trip who saw a waiter who looked exactly like Brian. His name tag even said Brian S. When police visited the restaurant he worked at however, there wasn’t a Brian working there. Lori and Randy thought about driving up to Michigan that night, but decided against it, and the sighting was eventually determined not to be Brian. It’s possible that the girl had misread his nametag, or a waiter had forgotten his nametag and grabbed an old one.
Sometime during the early weeks of the search, Clint got a lawyer. He’d already come in for several interviews, and helped with the initial searches as well as passing out flyers. When police asked him to take a polygraph, he refused. There were rumors that Randy had accused him of knowing something about Brian’s disappearance during one of the searches. Whatever his reasoning, quickly afterward, more rumors about Clint would make rounds on the internet. People claimed he had offered additional information if he were given immunity in the crime. Others questioned his friendship with Brian, pointing to the lack of texts between them, and the fact that they’d had other falling outs. In an interview with Kelly Bruce, later on, Don Corbett would point to an incident where the two were at a baseball game, and Brian ended up getting punched in the face during an altercation, but whether this was somehow Clint’s fault is unclear. Whether he knows more than he is saying or not, the internet rumor mill frequently paints him as the main suspect.
On May 11th at around 2am Brian’s apartment was broken into. It was just one of three in the same complex that had been robbed, including his next door neighbor who had their door kicked down. Someone stole a TV and some DVDs but didn’t touch the two guitars in his apartment, or any of his other electronics. Columbus Police called Alexis just an hour later at three AM. In a Dispatch article, Columbus police urged anyone who knew anything about the disappearance to come forward, because the reward for information was temporarily boosted to $100,000 for a few days in the hope someone would call in. No one did and it dropped back down to $25,500.The break in was determined to likely be unrelated to the case.
That same day fellow OSU student Hiroshi Hayashi vanished on his way to class. His car was found near Tuttle mall, and after missing not only class, but a club meeting on the weekend that he was scheduled to speak at, his classmates and family grew deeply concerned. He lived with his parents in Grove City and was not the type to just run off. He put a lot of focus on his studies and stayed out of trouble. His family reached out to the Shaffer family, wondering if the cases were connected, and Hiroshi’s brother remarked that Brian looked familiar. Hiroshi had gone to the same high school and Brian and Julie Popovich.
On May 16th Hiroshi Hayashi walked into a police station in Athens, Georgia and told police he’d been kidnapped. He said he’d been on his way to class when a stranger approached him asking for directions. The stranger hit him over the head and when he regained consciousness he was tied up and blindfolded in the back of a truck. He told police he’d been held against his will for five days, and brought to Athens. Very quickly after being read his Miranda writes though, he confessed that he had made the story up. Georgia police held him on suicide watch, and set his bail at $10,000. They are waiting for his parents to pick him up, and don’t expect to press any charges.
The Dispatch wrote an article explaining why they don’t cover more cases of missing people on May 21st. In many cases of missing adults, they don’t want to be found or just needed a break, and reporting on them would just make their problems worse, like in the case of Hiroshi. They typically only cover missing adults if authorities have reason to suspect foul play, and in this case, had covered Hiroshi’s disappearance because it was just a month after Brian Shaffer vanished, there had been no activity on his bank account or email, and he had gone to the same high school as Brian Shaffer. It’s not illegal for an adult to run away, and it can be tough to decide which cases need the attention of the media.
In a May 18th interview on Fox News, Randy stressed his opinion that Brian didn’t run away, and he was certain that foul play was to blame, saying “I don't think there's any possibility he just took off. I know Brian's personality way too well. He's got too many things going good for him. His grades were good in school. The fact that he wanted to go on vacation. He had a deep love for Alexis and also for me and his mom. He -- he just wanted to do the best that he could and the one thing he said is you inspired me to do great things one day. To me that's enough right there to say that Brian had a goal, an objective, he knew which way he was going. And somebody interrupted that and messed it up. And I want to find out who it is and get him back. I firmly think something happened that was not good and it wasn't just Brian taking off.”
After getting non stop calls from a psychic, Randy, his brother, and Kevin Miles went to search the Olentangy river. Apparently the psychic was convinced that Brian’s body was trapped against one of the concrete support beams, and eventually, Randy broke down and went to go check for himself. His brother helped him search the river while Miles waited on hand to jump in if there was an emergency. Randy fell down in the river at one point, almost getting swept away in the current, but he searched every pillar around the bridge and found nothing.
Corbett eventually reached out to Alexis and asked her the tough questions about their relationship, asking how often they were intmate, and if it was possible Brian was gay but afraid to come out. In an October 1st Dispatch article, Alexis told reporters about how she had been questioning her relationship with Brian, wondering if he really did love her, until she found his email password. She’d had most of his passwords already, and kept tabs on his account, but this one surprised and reassured her. His email password was AlexisLoveMarry all one word.
In early June Alexis went out shopping to help a friend pick out a bridesmaid dress. The trip reminded her too much of her own wedding, that she thought she might be planning soon, and she ended up crying in her mother’s arms.
That summer Alexis sold the tickets she and Brian had had for the upcoming Pearl Jam concert in cincinnati, writing “Someday, I promise I will see them, but I think I would be more likely to cry through the whole thing.” Tim Shaffer went to the concert and to try and raise awareness for Brian, and Eddie Vedder asked the crowd to keep an eye out for Brian, and gave a rough description, and saying he was “a real handsome guy”
Brians’ lease at his king avenue apartment ended on July 1st. Alexis brought a moving van over, and Randy and Don hugged her and helped her move his things out of his apartment. Hovering reporters peppered her with questions, and she told them that she hadn’t given up, she just couldn’t renew his lease. On her blog, she wrote “I would be lying . . . to say that it wasn't a sad, sad day that had the feeling of a funeral hanging over it for myself and Brian's dad and brother. Now we don't have any place to go to "be" with Brian.” According to Dan, when they were moving his bed they found the word “Alone” scratched into the wall. Though in later interviews Hurst says this is not true.
In July Alexis and her classmates started working rounds in local hospitals, the class that Brian should have been a part of.
On August 18th the Columbus police released a part of the surveillance video and asked the public to help them find a man in an orange sweater who had been seen entering and exiting the bar several times. The new potential break in the case brought Brian’s friends and family together and they discussed their theories, some saying that he simply ran away. Alexis hoped that was the case, though it would have hurt. She wanted him to be okay. At work the next day when a patient asked her if she had a boyfriend she said "I did. I still might. I don't know."
On August 23rd 2006, Randy went on Fox news to discuss Brian’s disappearance. He brought up that police were searching for a man in an orange sweater who had been seen going in and out of the bar several times. Then he went on to detail more about when Brian disappeared. He said that at exactly 1:57 AM Brian told Clint and Meredith that he wanted to hang back for a bit and talk to the band. They walked over to the car, and just after 2 AM Meredith called Brian, it went straight to voicemail, and she left him a message saying “Where are you? Where in the hell are you?” He then went on to say that it’s possible Brian went in the construction site, but the Columbus police department had searched it very thoroughly several times.
This was the first time someone mentioned that Brian had gone to talk to the band in a published interview, though they had already been cleared by police at this time. If that’s not enough, the members of True Crime garage knew the guitar player of the band, and he had no recollection of Brian even attempting to make contact with the band that night. For several years internet sleuths suspected that the band had something to do with it, going so far as to say Brian’s body could have been smuggled out in guitar cases or other equipment. The name of the band wasn’t released until 2018 when Kelly Bruce and Nick West asked Hurst about it, and he sent them the name right away, It sounds like the name was likely just never brought up on the news.
The very next day on August 24th Alexis went on fox news to give them more updates and details on the case. The man in the orange sweatshirt had gone up to police right away and told them he was looking for his friend who was his ride home. His story checked out and he was cleared of suspicion. The interviewer, Greta Van Sustersen asked Alexis about the friends Brian was last seen with and she said “The friends that he was last seen with are students of another friend of his, another person that he had been with through the evening.” She went on to say that she hadn’t spoken to them since April, and she knew the police had talked to them. This is a bit vague and Alexis is likely referring to Amber and Brighton, since Clint was a TA. But it’s possible she meant Brian had been spending time with a professor friend earlier in the evening as well, and Clint and Meredith were students of this other person. There were other people he talked to that night, and it’s been over a decade since that interview aired, so even if she did mean he was spending time with a professor, that person was likely cleared of suspicion early on.
Alexis went on to say that she hopes he is okay and just decided to run away, but she doesn’t think it’s likely and worries that something bad had happened to him. They interviewed Randy next, and he said that while he recognized that a few detectives were putting immense amounts of work into the case, he doesn't understand why the surveillance videos were released only recently.
Eventually, after spending months going over the footage, police tracked everyone who went up the escalators that night, coming down later that same night. Brian Shaffer was the only one seen on camera entering the bar, but not leaving the bar.
Randy was obsessive about his search. He wrote repetitive letters to Clint and Meredith, begging them to come forward if they knew something. He would go over different scenarios, trying his hardest to figure out what happened with the limited information he had. He frequently called Lori Davis just to talk about the case, and one day called her 30 separate times. He would also call John Hurst to talk, sometimes in the middle of the night if he thought he’d figured something out, or just needed a sympathetic ear.
On September 8th Alexis called Brian’s phone at around 11:30 PM before bed, a ritual she’d kept up every day without fail since April 1st. She and Randy had been paying Brian’s bills, hoping that if he were alive he would reach out to them. His cell phone had never been recovered and it was in his name. For the first time since March 31st, his phone rang.
It rang three or four times, then went straight to voicemail. Alexis called a few more times, and each time it would ring before going to voicemail. She got her brother to call Brian, and the phone rang again. Alexis called the CPD and Randy. Before long, Randy, Derek, Alexis, and a few local officers were calling Brian’s phone. The last call went out sometime between 3-5 AM, then when someone called again at 8 AM on that Saturday, it wasn’t ringing anymore. However the next day on September 10th it rang all day starting at around 8 AM.
Alexis checked Brian’s phone records and credit cards every day, and there was no activity on any of his accounts. If someone had turned on his phone, they hadn’t made any calls or received any voicemails. The calls were later determined by Brian’s phone carrier to be a glitch. Though they had pinged off of a cell tower in Hilliard, this doesn’t necessarily mean that the phone was used in the vicinity of that cell tower. Whether this was really a glitch is still a hotly debated topic.
In a September 21st Fox News interview, Randy expressed his frustration with how the Columbus Police department was handling the search saying “Almost six months have gone by, and I don't know any more now than what I did six months ago. Certain things I -- I wish the police would tell me some of what they've done, as far as that. Sometimes, I don't know how much they understand. You know, I wish -- I would almost like to say to them sometimes, you know, What would you do if it was your son, your daughter? Would you bend the rules just a little bit? Because it just seems like certain people want to go by the rule book so much, and I think it's time to tell me what's happened, what they've done, what they have done in the search, and I haven't heard anything from them at all about what they've done yet.”
In later interviews, John Hurst would talk about how not everything regarding the case can be released. Open cases are not subject to FOIA requests, and he can’t disclose every detail about the case with the public.
On September 25th 2006 Alexis wrote the following letter to the editor To the Editor:
I wanted to take the opportunity to remind everyone to be very careful when they are out during the night.
For those of you who don't know the story, on April 1, my boyfriend Brian Shaffer disappeared after being out for the evening. We still don't know, almost 6 months later, what has happened to him or where he could be.
Please, don't let this happen to you or your friends as it is an absolute nightmare for everyone who loves and cares about you.
Please don't walk alone at night, and keep your eyes on your friends who you go out with. There is strength and there is safety in numbers, and it is just as important to watch out for each other as it is for yourself.
Have fun this year! Just don't forget that being safe makes the year a whole lot better!
Alexis Waggoner OSU Medical Student
In a September 27th Fox News interview, Randy led a news crew through the ugly tuna, taking them through the layout of the building, and talking about how he went back and forth on how Brian had gotten out. When asked about how he was feeling, and what he thought happened, Randy said “It's something you don't really want to experience because it's just awful, I mean, especially when I lost my wife, too. She loved him so much and he cared for her so much, and that's another reason why he wouldn't do this because she's gone. I mean, he looked after his mother. He wanted to make her proud. So he makes her proud whether she's here alive on earth, whether she's up in heaven looking at him, he's going to do it. And I truly think that. I just -- I just don't think he just wandered off!”
In that same interview, when asked about whether she thought it was possible that Brian just wandered off, Alexis said “I -- I hope so but I don't think so. I want that to be it. I want him to be somewhere. I want him to be OK and, if he is, that would be amazing but I just have a hard time believing that he would walk away from everything when he was talking about a future and it was only a few days before that he said to me "Let's skip school tomorrow and go get married."”
The very next day, Brian’s professor Charles Hitchcock went on the same program to discuss the disappearance. He didn’t have a prominent theory that stuck out to him, but he talked about how the community had come together to support Randy, and it made the students grow closer together, saying “It's been actually quite remarkable. It's brought the class -- and not only his class but the entire community of medical students here and faculty together.”
October 1st was almost six months since Brian disappeared, and in a reflective Columbus Dispatch article highlighting Alexis’s struggle, John Hurst said of her "She's a bright young lady. I think she's sincere. Her feelings toward Brian are true." While Randy said “I feel for her greatly, she's a very beautiful girl. She's very intelligent. I know Brian really cared for her." Near the end of the article, Alexis pondered how long she should wait for Brian. She knows she wants to have a family someday, and it’s been six months with no word. She worries that her lack of closure could complicate future relationships, if and when she is ready to move in. In the meantime, she focuses on her studies.
On January 7th, 2001 Sally Sheasby finally got what she promised her son Jonathan at his funeral. Governor Bob Taft signed a bill standardizing the practices statewide for how missing adult cases should be handled. Randy and Tony Luzio Jr. stood with her, hoping the bill might help other families who were going through what they went through. Though Randy wished it would have included something about providing families with regular updates, he knew it was a good start. It required entering the missing person's information into a national database within a week if foul play was suspected or, 30 days if it wasn’t. It also required that DNA be taken from unidentified jane and john does and sent to the Ohio Bureau of Criminal Investigation. Sally said “Jonathan, I know, is smiling down right now. He's saying, 'Mom, you did what you said you would do.' This law gives people the gift of hope."
A yearly reflective piece done by the dispatch caught up with Alexis and John Hurst. Alexis still had Brian’s things in her house, and still calls his phone every day. Though she did note how she’d had put many of his possessions out of sight “I put his things in the back of my closet, and I just needed that chapter of my life to be over, there were a lot of tears and it was sad, but it was time to move forward." She wrote on her blog “I want to go downtown or drive down High Street without almost driving off the road multiple times. I catch myself still looking at everyone walking down the street. The men with beards -- I try to see their profile or how they walk to make sure it's not Brian. I look between houses, and under steps to apartments.” Derek had also been faithfully calling Brian’s phone, though the calls were fewer and farther between, and would eventually stop not long after April. John Hurst expressed his frustration about the lack of updates, saying the case was "the most frustrating one I've ever dealt with in my life."
On August 22nd of 2007, Tony Luzio Sr. and Randy went on Fox news with Tim Miller, the founder of equisearch, to discuss their missing sons. Miller had come up from Texas with his team and their equipment to try and do a more thorough search of some areas that may have been overlooked in both cases. Miller said he’d been moved by Randy and Tony’s passion for finding their children. “ I've actually been working with Randy for the last two or three months, talking to him, and then met Tony last week. And you know, when you meet these fathers, how do you say no to them?”
The two fathers had become close over the last several months. When talking about their ordeal, Luzio said “You know, it's kind of a double- edged sword, you know? It's -- in a way, we want closure, but not having closure gives us just a smidgen of hope that somehow maybe he's out there and still alive.” Randy noted how his family had been halved in such a short amount of time “It's been extremely hard for me. I mean, my wife was such a beautiful lady, and I still can't believe she's gone at 51, and losing Brian three weeks after that. So I get by”
When equisearch visited Ohio, hopes were high that they might finally provide some answers, but unfortunately, the search turned up nothing for the missing men.
Two years later in 2008, The Lantern caught up with Alexis. She had graduated and was ready to start her first residency, with the same class of students she and Brian had started with. She’d been determined not to let his disappearance keep her from pursuing her dream job, and it had finally paid off. She got assigned to Riverside Methodist Hospital, just a stone’s throw away from the edge of campus, and remarked how making more good memories in that part of town might be good for her.
She worries more than she should when her friends or her brother are out, and checks in with them often. Her brother mentioned that she had finally thrown away what he had dubbed “the Brian shrine”, which had been a collection of Brian’s possessions she’d kept for him in case he came back. She was ready to move on.
In regards to romance, she told the Lantern “I would say it was about a year-and-a-half afterward when I started feeling like a normal person again, because that was about the time that I told my mom that I thought I was at the point where maybe I could go out and eat dinner with someone again and get out there and have fun again."
Her mother, Melanie, was ready to jump at the opportunity to get her daughter back out there. She had been talking a bit with a contractor working on her house in Toledo. His name was Eric Noss and she told him about her daughter’s unusual situation and decided to try and play matchmaker with them. Alexis reluctantly agreed, and the two fell into a serious relationship, having been together for five months as of April 1st, 2008. Eric was understanding that Alexis still had complicated feelings regarding Brian, and would lend a sympathetic ear when she did want to talk about it. He said "It's not my intention to replace their memories, just make new ones."
On April 29th, 2009 NBC ran a piece about how the retired detectives behind the famous Smiley Face Killer theory thought Brian’s case could be connected. This theory is an American counterpart to the famous “Manchester Pusher” in the UK, and says that many cases where men in their twenties drown in rivers could be connected. Since graffiti of a smiley face is often found within a few miles of where the bodies of these young men are found, some people have decided that these deaths could be the work of a serial killer. Others call this out as a hoax, noting that drunk men in their twenties often just fall into rivers by accident and that the timing and motive of these killings wouldn’t make any sense. Randy said “It's hard for me to go on with my life. It still is. I'm just sort of stuck in limbo because of all this stuff sometimes, I listen to it and I guess I try to (say) -- whether it be psychics or this -- well, OK. If that's so, show me some information, some proof that you have, that you know this could have happened to my son. And I haven't seen that proof yet."
Just weeks after that interview, hurricane Ike brought hurricane-force winds into the midwest. Schools closed, and one of the largest power outages in the midwest took days to repair among crews cleaning up trees and downed power lines. Ohio alone suffered over $560 million dollars of damage. 195 people were killed 26 of those in landlocked states, and among them was Randy Shaffer. He was walking to his backyard shed, presumably to start cleaning up the damage from the storm, when he was struck and killed by a falling tree branch. Randy’s obituary spoke of his love of music, family and his sense of humor, one excerpt reading “There was never a stranger in Randy's life. He made such beautiful music with his saxophone that friends requested he entertain at many area churches, bringing peace and tranquility at solemn moments and entertaining at many other gatherings. He was always willing when asked for his time to play. He will be a great addition to Heaven's orchestra. Randy's family was one of the most important parts of his being. He loved to try and beat his sister, brother, and father on the tennis court and always has great stories of his victories whether he won or not.”
Though the obituary said he was survived by both his sons, it did mention Brian’s disappearance, saying “After the passing of Randy's beloved wife Renee in 2006 and the disappearance of his son Brian, Randy was relentless in his search for Brian and never gave up hope. He made hundreds of friends and helped many other families in search of their loved ones while being involved with the Crimestoppers Organization. He will be sadly missed by all the people whose lives he touched.” Kevin Miles had become so close to Randy over the years that he was asked to give his eulogy at the funeral.
Comments poured in on his obituary from friends, family, and strangers who had been touched by Randy’s relentless search for his son. One comment quickly caught everyone’s attention. It read “I miss you dad, Love Brian (U.S. Virgin Islands)”.
In articles covering his death and the suspicious comment left on his memorial page, the Lantern interviewed Don Corbett, while the Columbus OH Other Paper interviewed John Hurst. The comment was quickly determined to be a hoax, and Derek would describe it as “Disgusting” that someone would pull that kind of prank.
In Hurst’s interview he said that the posting was likely a hoax and that it was made from a public computer in Franklin county. He said “For somebody to do something like this-it's horrific. The family's been through so much.” Hurst noted that with such a highly publicized case, hoaxes and false leads were unavoidable. He said they still get tips, and investigate them all, even though most have turned out to be dead ends. He went on to say that they looked into every tip that was called in and implored the public to come forward if they knew anything, saying "You may have thought something you heard in a casual conversation was nothing and just blew it off-we need those people to call. That's usually what helps solve this type of case. Let us determine if it's important information or not."
The identity of the sender was never released to the public if it was ever found. Just in case there was any substance to it, police in the Virgin Islands were given information about Brian’s case, and news about his disappearance was aired on local networks.
Despite this, in his interview, Corbett detailed his frustration with how the police were handling the case. He thought it wasn’t right that Randy never got to see the full records of the investigation, and continued to try to talk to the police and access the full records in case there was anything they were missing. In later interviews with Kelly Bruce and Nick West, Corbett and Hurst would double down on their respective viewpoints. Hurst stressed that open cases are not subject to FOIA requests, and police reserve the right to keep some information from the public.
Corbett said that when the comment was posted, he tried to ask Hurst if the computer had a camera anywhere that would have caught the person who posted it, but Hurst declined to answer. Though Hurst would later say in the Comeback podcast, that there weren’t any cameras that could have caught the suspect.
On April 13th, 2009, the Lantern, the same paper that frequently interviewed Corbett, but that John Hurst and the rest of the CPD tended to avoid, ran an interesting article claiming that Neil Rosenberg, Clint’s attorney spoke to a detective working on the case. He told Don Corbett over the phone and in an email, that police gave him reason to believe Brian was alive. It’s unclear if this was Hurst. In his email, Rosenburg said “If Brian is alive, which is what I'm led to believe after speaking with the detective involved, then it is Brian and not Clint who is causing his family pain and hardship. Brian should come forward and end this."
He went on to clarify that Clint had refused the CPD’s request for a polygraph, and Corbett’s repeated requests for a polygraph at Rosenberg’s advice, as polygraphs are unreliable. He said as far as he and Clint were concerned the matter was closed, and Clint told Corbett in an email, that although he appreciates him trying to find Brian, any questions Corbett has for him need to go through his attorney first. The email was cordial, and if anyone has tried to talk to Clint through his lawyer, it hasn’t been publicized.
The article went on to interview friends and family members. Meredith Reed confirmed that she had in fact taken and passed a polygraph. Clint was the only one who law enforcement had asked to take a polygraph who hadn’t complied. Many of Brian’s friends and family members saw this as suspicious. Derek said "I've always thought he definitely knows something - just won't come forward with it. If Brian did take off somewhere, if that is the case, we just always had a strong feeling that Clint would possibly know that." Alexis leans more toward the foul play angle but still thinks that Clint knows something he isn’t saying. Her father, Tom, said “The gist of my perspective on Clint Florence is that I think that basically all roads to making any progress on the case on Brian Shaffer lead through Clint Florence,"
The Columbus Monthly on June 30th of 2009 ran a piece reflecting on the fact that Randy never found the answers he was looking for in life. Kevin Miles said that “It Haunts me, that we still don’t know where Brian is.” In that same interview, Lori Davis talked about her own quest for answers, and how she’s been immersed in the case from the start, up to 2009. She talked about how she had her teenage son take pictures of the Ugly Tuna when she wanted to visit to conduct her own investigation. She talked about how the case is still getting attention, saying “The Internet won't let this case die. People a lot more distant than even me want answers. This case haunts them. I think it's because any of us could be in that situation. I have to fight against becoming so paranoid about it that I can't live my life."
Shortly after she said that the journalist mentioned that her son, who was with her during the interview, got up to walk to the bathroom, and Lori told him “If someone tries to take you, you scream.” He was 13 years old at the time, and it was his birthday.
On April 2nd, 2011 NBC ran a segment talking about how neither the Shaffer or Luzio case had ever been solved. Lori Davis had organized a blood drive to raise awareness for Brian’s case. She figured since he was a medical student, helping people in that small way might be a nice gesture. Kevin Miles noted how nothing new had been learned in either case, and Tony Luzio Sr said “In my career, many times I'd go on a missing adult or a missing person case and just really felt sorry for the family, thinking that will never happen to me, and I hope it never happens to me, and it did happen to me.”
Three years later closure would be provided for the Luzio family in October of 2014. A nonprofit group had continued searching long past when the funds ran out, looking in over 200 lakes and ponds in Delaware county. They finally pinged a car in a water retention pond near Powell, a pond that had even been previously drained. When they drained it again, the car was so decayed and covered in algae that it was easy to see how it could have been missed the first time. Inside the car, they found Tony Luzio Jr’s body. Luzio Sr. said “"After 9 1/2 years to prepare for this, we thought we would be ready for the inevitable. But it hurts as bad as if it happened yesterday.’
April 1st of 2016 brought about the ten year anniversary of Brian’s disappearance. The dispatch interviewed everyone closely related to the case. Derek remarked on how he’d been too tired to join Brian on campus that night, and said "I've thought about that night over and over and over for 10 years, what if I had been there that night? Would things have been different? Would my brother still be here? I've carried that guilt around for a while." Once again the subject of Clint was brought up, and Derek said “If I saw him I'd say, 'Where the hell is my brother?' " Derek said. "If anyone knows whether he is still alive, or if something happened to him, it's Clint."
After 10 years, Alexis was an OBGYN who loved her job and had moved to Toledo with Eric Noss, who was now her husband. They have two children together and couldn’t be happier. Noss told the dispatch that "I met the right girl, and my life changed in the best way possible, there was just no doubt in my mind that even if Brian came back around we were going to be together. I just never was worried about it or thought about it. Everyone has a past, and I think that period of Alexis' life made her stronger." She has fully moved on, and though she occasionally still wonders what happened, it doesn’t affect her life. She said “It almost feels like this all happened to someone else, it was all in a different life for me."
Hurst talked about how emotionally involved he had become with the case. Noting that he still didn’t really have a theory that he believed. He said he doesn’t know if the case will ever be solved “"The answers that everyone wants, everyone needs ... I don't know if we will ever have them."
NBC ran a similar segment for the anniversary, talking about the similarities between Brian’s case and that of Joey Labute. Joey had been a 26-year-old out for a night of fun with his friends. He wasn’t much for the bar scene, but went to Union, a local gay bar, with one of his friends to celebrate them coming out. He was a level headed guy who loved the beach and nights in with friends. He was last seen on the Union security camera leaving the building. After sending two somewhat incoherent texts to friends in the next few hours he vanished. His body was found in the Scioto River near Scioto Audubon Metro Park. He was likely dead before he went into the water but the exact cause of death is unknown. Since he was the same rough demographic as Brian Shaffer, online sleuths tried to connect the two cases, especially those who believed in the smiley face theory. Derek and John Hurst talked about how the case brought back a lot of painful memories for them. Hurst said about the case that “"We've got another family out there who's going through what the Shaffer's went through. Listening to it brought back a lot of memories about what we had to do and what we went through… how agonizing this type of situation is for the family members."
On April 15th 2018 the annual March for the missing saw Lori Davis in the spotlight once again, saying to an NBC reporter “Unfortunately there have not been leads that have led to anything in Brian’s case, I think that people might be afraid to talk and I think after 12 years they need to buck up and they need to start speaking.”
May 1st of 2018 was the last senior crawl the Ugly Tuna would see. The bar’s lease had expired with the building owner, and the Ugly Tuna was going to be looking for a new location. Hurst told the Dispatch on May 3rd that "Anytime the name Ugly Tuna comes up ... that's the first thing that pops into my head,". Him and Andre Edwards still look into any tips that come in, but ten years after the fact those are few and far in between. Hurst, always the optimist, said "I think at some point, everything will come together, It's like a puzzle. We put pieces in, and we have to work at getting them to fit."
In a 2019 interview, Brian’s cousin Dan would describe Brian as “dark and secretive” and that he wouldn’t have been surprised if Brian had some kind of drug problem that factored into his disappearance. In an interview with the same host, Corbett would insist that there was no way Brian had a drug problem. Corbett went on to say that Brian did certainly have secrets that he kept from the people close to him. He told Bruce about how, sometime after Brian’s disappearance, the father of one of Brian’s friends brought over a box of Brian’s belongings. Among the box was a bunch of Brian’s writings, that Corbett described as “dark and bizarre.”
To this day Don Corbett still gets tips on the case. Just this past year in 2019 someone sent him photos of a man in India who matched Brian’s description very closely. Though he looked a lot like him, family members determined that it was not him. Corbett continues to be frustrated by the fact that Columbus police aren’t doing yearly interviews with the people who last saw Brian, saying they could catch a potential slip up in their stories. However, it’s worth pointing out that in the first few years Corbett himself and Randy had inconsistencies in their stories. It’s very easy to misremember details or misquote something months after a case, let alone years after.
When he disappeared, Brian was wearing a yellow cancer awareness bracelet in honor of his mother. To this day, Derek still wears a green missing person’s bracelet to honor Brian. In the latest Investigation Discovery piece on the case, Alexis was notably absent, and her pictures were blurred out. After thirteen years perhaps she’s done doing interviews, and ready to put the case behind her.
John Hurst retired in January of 2019 but he still answers requests for interviews, and just recently went on Investigation Discovery to talk about the case. He says he still looks for Brian when he is on vacation or in a crowd. One year when he was running security for a football game, he thought he saw Brian, and ran through the crowd to chase him down, but when he caught up to him, it was Derek. Being a religious man, Hurst believes in Heaven, and although he may never find out what happened to Brian, he is confident that Randy has been reunited with Renee, and has the answers he was searching for about Brian.

Looonnnggg post warning.
There’s been a few posts this last week asking about outdoor places around town so I thought I would chip in with a list, sorry I didn’t reply to the original posts as I was working on this bigger list. I’ve lived here for about 7 months now and these are my favorite spots so far. I know many of these listed here are certainly not very close to Shreveport, but still wanted to share where I’ve been exploring and show what’s possible around here. I listed them in order of drive time from LSUS, so you can judge how far you’d like to go. You can also view the list with pictures on my website ( www.leadinglensphoto.com/arklatex-outdoors ) and the text of the list is below as well.
A few disclaimers: I am not a boatefisherman (my small car couldn’t even handle a kayak…), I visit all these places just to take pictures on the shore and have rated them as such. When I say “it looks like a good fishing spot,” that’s just based on the fact that there were many people fishing when I was there. Next, I usually just drive the speed limit or 5 over on highways, I’ve learned that’s particularly slow for these parts, so you could probably get to these places much faster than the times I’ve listed.
If you have any other suggestions or recommendations, please let me know! I am always looking for new spots to explore. Also, if you would like any further details or directions on any of these spots, just ask, I’d be happy to answer. Hope this can give you a bit of inspiration to get outside. Cheers.
The list:
1. Red River National Wildlife Refuge, Bossier City area, drive time 10 minutes, free
Nice visitor center, simple trails around the refuge, small fishing pier, boat launch, awesome place to pick pecans in the fall, tons of birds and other wildlife, and the best place to catch the sunset within the city limits (in my opinion).
2. Arthur Ray Teague Trail, Bossier City area, drive time 10 minutes, free
Paved trail along the Red River, connects to Walker Place Park next to CenturyLink Center as well as a few other parking areas along the river, good place to bike, decent spot to see the sunset over the Red River.
3. Veterans Park, Shreveport area, drive time 14 minutes, free
Disc golf course with easy, simple trails around the park. Connects to running trail along Red River which goes from Charles and Marie Hamel Memorial Park to Riverview park downtown. Nice place for a simple walk in the park or bike along the river.
4. Riverview park, Shreveport area, drive time 15 minutes, free
Park along Red River, short, easy, paved walk downtown with nice views of downtown Bossier City.
5. Wallace Lake Dam, south of Shreveport, drive time 15 minutes, free
Pretty unique lake dam that is very colorful with graffiti, not a lot of hiking but still an interesting place to walk around.
6. Boardwalk, Bossier city area, drive time 20 minutes, free
Outdoor mall along Red River, easy, paved walk along the Red River in downtown Bossier City. Great for walking along the river to see the bridges and for a sunset with views of Shreveport’s downtown buildings.
7. Walter B Jacobs Memorial Park, north of Shreveport, drive time 30 minutes, free
Variety of well marked hiking trails in the woods, a nice small visitor center, small zoo, picnic area, a great place for fall foliage.
8. Red River Lock and Dam #5, south of Bossier City, drive time 30 minutes, free
Viewing the lock and dam is pretty interesting, very relaxing to listen to the sound of the water going through the dam, but there is a gun range on the other side of the river that can get noisy. Basic bathrooms and covered tables provided. Nice for picnic, fishing, and sunsets.
9. Lake Bistineau State Park, east of Shreveport, drive time 35 minutes, $3 per person
State park with good facilities, hiking trails, very interesting cypress trees in the lake. Would be better to explore with a boat, but still a nice spot for camping or picnic.
10. Caddo Lake Drawbridge, north of Shreveport, drive time 35 minutes, free
Boat launch and interesting old bridge, great to stop by if passing through the area, fishing area looks decent but most just use this spot just as a boat launch or quick stop to explore the bridge.
11. Earl G Williamson Park, north of Shreveport, drive time 40 minutes, free
Small park on Caddo Lake, not a lot of hiking but great lake views, large fishing pier, playground for kids, covered picnic tables, RV camping, and is my favorite spot within an hour to catch a sunset with the cypress trees in the lake. Just a few minutes from the drawbridge mentioned above.
12. Cypress Black Bayou, north of Shreveport, drive time 40 minutes, $4 per person
Well kept park with lots of fishing piers, visitor center, small zoo, limited amount of trails, great for picnic, camping, fishing, and sunsets.
13. Robert L Nance Park, north of Shreveport, drive time 45 minutes, free
Boat launch and fishing pier, nice views of the lake. Better to explore by boat for sure, but if passing through the area, it is nice to stop by to view the lake or sunset.
14. Beaver Dam, Minden, LA area, drive time 45 minutes, $3 per car
National Forest park, decent facilities, beach, picnic area, fishing piers, great for camping, lake views, swimming, and fishing.
15. Caddo Lake State Park, Jefferson, TX area, drive time 50 minutes, $4 per person
Nice hiking trails, cool piers to view the unique trees in the lake, great for camping, and fishing.
16. Oak Ridge Park, south of Shreveport, drive time 1 hour, $2 per person
RV park with grand lake views, boat launch, playground for kids, covered picnic areas. Probably better to take an RV or boat but still a nice sunset spot.
17. Lake o the Pines, Jefferson, TX area, drive time 1 hour 10 minutes, free
Various parks along the eastern shore are all worth a visit for lake views. Overlook point, Lakeside park, Hurricane Ridge, Johnson Creek. All have a boat launch, piers, great for picnic, fishing, and sunset.
18. Martin Creek Lake State Park, Longview, TX area, drive time 1 hour 10 minutes, $4 per person
Lots of well marked hiking trails (I recommend the “Island trail”), nice facilities, fishing dock, nice for camping, picnic, and swimming. A bit strange to have an enormous power plant across the lake, but you quickly get used to it.
19. Lincoln Parish Park, Ruston, LA area, drive time 1 hour 15 minutes, $2 per person
Small park around a lake, very easy trail around the lake, have a lot more difficult trails for mountain bikes (very popular park for this I hear), nice facilities all around, great for RV, picnic, or just an easy hike.
20. Daingerfield State Park, Jefferson, TX area, drive time 1 hour 25 minutes, $4 per person
Nice trail around the lake, visitor center, boat launch, fishing pier. Nice for camping, picnic, fishing, and sunset.
21. Atlanta State Park, Texarkana, TX area, drive time 1.5 hours, $4 per person
Lots of well marked hiking trails, nice facilities, boat launch, looks to be a nice spot for fall foliage, camping, and picnic.
22. Lake D’Arbonne State Park, Farmerville, LA area, drive time 1.5 hours, $3 per person
Some of the longest fishing piers I’ve ever seen, nice facilities, swimming pools, trails along the lake, great for camping, fishing, picnic, and swimming.
23. Jimmie Davis State Park, Monroe, LA area, drive time 1 hour 45 minutes, $3 per person
Large state park, nice facilities, lots of fishing piers, few trails near the lake and further into the woods, great for camping, fishing, picnic, and swimming.
24. Black Bayou Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Monroe, LA area, drive time 1 hour 45 minutes, free
Incredible bayou views of cypress trees in the lake, cool dock going out into the lake, very nice for sunrise/sunset.
25. Millwood State Park, Texarkana, AR area, drive time 1 hour 45 minutes, free
Nice trails along the lake, nice facilities, great for camping and fishing. A few other spots just up the road for more grand lake views and below the dam is interesting as well.
26. Logoly State Park, Texarkana, AR area, drive time 2 hours, free
Small state park with well marked hiking trails through the forest, also has a small springs leads into a pond. Nice for a quick hike in the woods or picnic.
27. White Oak State Park, Hope, AR area, drive time 2.5 hours, free
Nice fishing piers, good trails through the forest, nice facilities, great for camping, fishing, and swimming.
28. Arkansas “Little Grand Canyon,” Hope, AR area, drive time 2.5 hours, free
A bit difficult to find but interesting little canyon just east of the state park. No signs or facilities, nice little waterfall, interesting for any geology buffs.
29. Lake Catherine State Park, Hot Springs, AR area, drive time 3 hours, free
Favorite park in the state so far, beautiful waterfall hike, nice facilities, great for camping, fishing, and swimming.
30. Lake Ouachita State Park, Hot Springs, AR area, drive time 3.5 hours, free
A bit difficult hiking trail along a peninsula on the lake, can find lots of cool rocks, nice facilities, great for fall foliage, camping, and picnic.
31. Mount Magazine State Park, Paris, AR area, drive time 5 hours, free
Highest mountain in Arkansas, must see in fall, easy hiking trails, large hotel, seems nice for camping or picnic as well.
On my list to visit: Kisatchie, Longleaf Vista, Driskill Mountain, North Toledo Bend, South Toledo Bend, Lake Claiborne, C. Bickham Dickson park.

Published in a collection of the same title (McPherson & Company, 1988):

(1) ONTOLOGY That branch of metaphysics which concerns itself with the problems of the nature of existence or being.
(2) Imagine a pale blue morning sky, almost green, with clouds only at the rims. The earth rolls and the sun appears to mount, mountains erode, fruits decay, the Foraminifera adds another chamber to its shell, babies' fingernails grow as does the hair of the dead in their graves, and in egg timers the sands fall and the eggs cook on.
(3) Sarah Boyle thinks of her nose as too large, though several men have cherished it. The nose is generous and performs a well-calculated geometric curve, at the arch of which the skin is drawn very tight and a faint whiteness of bone can be seen showing through, it has much the same architectural tension and sense of mathematical calculation as the day after Thanksgiving breastbone on the carcass of a turkey; her maiden name was Sloss, mixed German, English and Irish descent; in grade school she was very bad at playing softball and, besides being chosen last for the team, was always made to play center field, no one could ever hit to center field; she loves music best of all the arts, and of music, Bach, J.S; she lives in California, though she grew up in Boston and Toledo.
(4) BREAKFAST TIME AT THE BOYLES' HOUSE ON LA FLORIDA STREET, ALAMEDA, CALIFORNIA, THE CHILDREN DEMAND SUGAR FROSTED FLAKES. With some reluctance Sarah Boyle dishes out Sugar Frosted Flakes to her children, already hearing the decay set in upon the little white milk teeth, the bony whine of the dentist's drill. The dentist is a short, gentle man with a moustache who sometimes reminds Sarah of an Uncle who lives in Ohio. One bowl per child.
(5) If one can imagine it considered as an abstract object, by members of a totally separate culture, one can see that the cereal box might seem a beautiful thing. The solid rectangle is neatly joined and classical in proportions, on it are squandered wealths of richest colours, virgin blues, crimsons, dense ochres, precious pigments once reserved for sacred paintings and as cosmetics for the blind faces of marble gods. Giant size. Net Weight 16 ounces, 250 grams. "They're tigeriffic!" says Tony the Tiger. The box blatts promises. Energy, Nature's Own Goodness, an endless pubescence. On its back is a mask of William Shakespeare to be cut out, folded, worn by thousands of tiny Shakespeares in Kansas City, Detroit, Tucson, San Diego, Tampa. He appears at once more kindly and somewhat more vacant than we are used to seeing him. Two or more of the children lay claim to the mask, but Sarah puts off that Solomon's decision until such time as the box is empty.
(6) A notice in orange flourishes states that a Surprise Gift is to be found somewhere in the packet, nestled amongst the golden flakes. So far it has not been unearthed, and the children request more cereal than they wish to eat, great yellow heaps of it, to hurry the discovery. Even so, at the end of the meal, some layers of flakes remain in the box and the Gift must still be among them.
(7) There is even a Special Offer of a secret membership, code and magic ring; these to be obtained by sending in the box top with 50 cents.
(8) Three offers on one cereal box. To Sarah Boyle this seems to be oversell. Perhaps something is terribly wrong with the cereal and it must be sold quickly, got off the shelves before the news breaks. Perhaps it causes a special, cruel cancer in little children. As Sarah Boyle collects the bowls printed with bunnies and baseball statistics, still slopping half full of milk and wilted flakes, she imagines in her mind's eye the headlines, "Nation's Small Fry Stricken, Fate's Finger Sugar Coated, Lethal Sweetness Socks Tots."
(9) Sarah Boyle is a vivacious and intelligent young wife and mother, educated at a fine Eastern college, proud of her growing family which keeps her busy and happy around the house.
(10) BIRTHDAY Today is the birthday of one of the children. There will be a party in the late afternoon.
(11) CLEANING UP THE HOUSE. (ONE.) Cleaning up the kitchen. Sarah Boyle puts the bowls, plates, glasses and silverware into the sink. She scrubs at the stickiness on the yellow-marbled formica table with a blue synthetic sponge, a special blue which we shall see again. There are marks of children's hands in various sizes printed with sugar and grime on all the table's surfaces. The marks catch the light, they appear and disappear according to the position of the observing eye. The floor sweepings include a triangular half of toast spread with grape jelly, bobby pins, a green Band-Aid, flakes, a doll's eye, dust, dog's hair and a button.
(12) Until we reach the statistically likely planet and begin to converse with whatever green-faced teleporting denizens thereof--considering only this shrunk and communication-ravaged world--can we any more postulate a separate culture? Viewing the metastasis of Western Culture it seems progressively less likely. Sarah Boyle imagines a whole world which has become like California, all topographical inperfections sanded away with the sweet-smelling burr of the plastic surgeon's cosmetic polisher, a world populace dieting, leisured, similar in pink and mauve hair and rhinestone shades. A land Cunt Pink and Avocado Green, brassiered and girdled by monstrous complexities of Super Highways, a California endless and unceasing, embracing and transforming the entire globe, California, California!
(13) INSERT ONE. ON ENTROPY. ENTROPY: A quantity introduced in the first place to facilitate the calculation, and to give clear expressions to the results of thermodynamics. Changes of entropy can be calculated only for a reversible process, and may then be defined as the ratio of the amount of heat taken up to the absolute temperature at which the heat is absorbed. Entropy changes for actual irreversible processes are calculated by postulating equivalent theoretical reversible changes. The entropy of a system is a measure of its degree of disorder. The total entropy of any isolated system can never decrease in any change; it must either increase (irreversible process) or remain constant (reversible process). The total entropy of the Universe therefore is increasing, tending towards a maximum, corresponding to complete disorder of the particles in it (assuming that it may be regarded as an isolated system.) See Heat Death of the Universe.
(14) CLEANING UP THE HOUSE. (TWO.) Washing the baby's diapers. Sarah Boyle writes notes to herself all over the house; a mazed wild script larded with arrows, diagrams, pictures, graffiti on every available surface in a desperate/heroic attempt to index, record, bluff, invoke, order and placate. On the fluted and flowered white plastic lid of the diaper bin she has written in Blushing Pink Nitetime lipstick a phrase to ward off fumey ammoniac despair. "The nitrogen cycle is the vital round of organic and inorganic exchange on earth. The sweet breath of the Universe." On the wall by the washing machine are Yin and Yang signs, mandalas, and the words, "Many young wives feel trapped. It is a contemporary sociological phenomenon which may be explained in part by a gap between changing living patterns and the accommodation of social services to these patterns." Over the stove she had written "Help, Help, Help, Help, Help."
(15) Sometimes she numbers or letters the things in a room, writing the assigned character on each object. There are 819 separate moveable objects in the living-room, counting books. Sometimes she labels objects with their names, or with false names, thus on her bureau the hair brush is labelled HAIR BRUSH, the cologne, COLOGNE, the hand cream, CAT. She is passionately fond of children's dictionaries, encyclopedias, ABCs and all reference books, transfixed and comforted at their simulacra of a complete listing and ordering.
(16) On the door of a bedroom are written two definitions from reference books. "GOD: An object of worship" ; "HOMEOSTASIS: Maintenance of constancy of internal environment."
(17) Sarah Boyle washes the diapers, washes the linen, Oh Saint Veronica, changes the sheets on the baby's crib. She begins to put away some of the toys, stepping over and around the organizations of playthings which still seem inhabited. There are various vehicles, and articles of medicine, domesticity and war: whole zoos of stuffed animals, bruised and odorous with years of love; hundreds of small figures, plastic animals, cowboys, cars, spacemen, with which the children make sub and supra worlds in their play. One of Sarah's favourite toys is the Baba, the wooden Russian doll which, opened, reveals a smaller but otherwise identical doll which opens to reveal, etc., a lesson in infinity at least to the number of seven dolls.
(18) Sarah Boyle's mother has been dead for two years. Sarah Boyle thinks of music as the formal articulation of the passage of time, and of Bach as the most poignant rendering of this. Her eyes are sometimes the colour of the aforementioned kitchen sponge. Her hair is natural spaniel-brown; months ago on an hysterical day she dyed it red, so now it is two-toned with a stripe in the middle, like the painted walls of slum buildings or old schools.
(19) INSERT TWO. THE HEAT DEATH OF THE UNIVERSE. The second law of thermodynamics can be interpreted to mean that the ENTROPY of a closed system tends towards a maximum and that its available ENERGY tends towards a minimum. It has been held that the Universe constitutes a thermodynamically closed system, and if this were true it would mean that a time must finally come when the Universe "unwinds" itself, no energy being available for use. This state is referred to as the "heat death of the Universe." It is by no means certain, however, that the Universe can be considered as a closed system in this sense.
(20) Sarah Boyle pours out a Coke from the refrigerator and lights a cigarette. The coldness and sweetness of the thick brown liquid make her throat ache and her teeth sting briefly, sweet juice of my youth, her eyes glass with the carbonation, she thinks of the Heat Death of the Universe. A logarithmic of those late summer days, endless as the Irish serpent twisting through jewelled manuscripts forever, tail in mouth, the heat pressing, bloating, doing violence. The Los Angeles sky becomes so filled and bleached with detritus that it loses all colours and silvers like a mirror, reflecting back the fricasseeing earth. Everything becomes warmer and warmer, each particle of matter becoming more agitated, more excited until the bonds shatter, the glues fail, the deodorants lose their seals. She imagines the whole of New York City melting like a Dali into a great chocolate mass, a great soup, the Great Soup of New York.
(21) CLEANING UP THE HOUSE. (THREE.) Beds made. Vacuuming the hall, a carpet of faded flowers, vines and leaves which endlessly wind and twist into each other in a fevered and permanent ecstasy. Suddenly the vacuum blows instead of sucks, spewing marbles, dolls' eyes, dust, crackers. An old trick. "Oh my god," says Sarah. The baby yells on cue for attention/changing/food. Sarah kicks the vacuum cleaner and it retches and begins working again.
(22) AT LUNCH ONLY ONE GLASS OF MILK IS SPILLED. At lunch only one glass of milk is spilled.
(23) The plants need watering, Geranium, Hyacinth, Lavender, Avocado, Cyclamen. Feed the fish, happy fish with china castles and mermaids in the bowl. The turtle looks more and more unwell and is probably dying.
(24) Sarah Boyle's blue eyes, how blue? Bluer far and of a different quality than the Nature metaphors which were both engine and fuel to so much of precedant literature. A fine, modern, acid, synthetic blue; the shiny cerulean of the skies on postcards sent from lush subtropics, the natives grinning ivory ambivalent grins in their dark faces; the promising fat, unnatural blue of the heavy tranquilizer capsule; the cool mean blue of that fake kitchen sponge; the deepest, most unbelievable azure of the tiled and mossless interiors of California swimming pools. The chemists in their kitchens cooked, cooled and distilled this blue from thousands of colorless and wonderfully constructed crystals, each one unique and nonpareil; and now that color, hisses, bubbles, burns in Sarah's eyes.
(25) INSERT THREE. ON LIGHT. LIGHT: Name given to the agency by means of which a viewed object influences the observer's eyes. Consists of electromagnetic radiation within the wave-length range 4 x 10-5 cm to 7 x 10-5 cm approximately; variations in the wave-length produce different sensations in the eye, corresponding to different colors. See color vision.
(26) LIGHT AND CLEANING THE LIVING ROOM. All the objects (819) and surfaces in the living room are dusty, gray common dust as though this were the den of a giant molting mouse. Suddenly quantities of waves or particles of very strong sunlight speed in through the window, and everything incandesces, multiple rainbows. Poised in what has become a solid cube of light, like an ancient insect trapped in amber, Sarah Boyle realizes that the dust is indeed the most beautiful stuff in the room, a manna for the eyes. Duchamp, that father of thought, has set with fixative some dust which fell on one of his sculptures, counting it as part of the work. "That way madness lies, says Sarah," says Sarah. The thought of ordering a household on Dada principles balloons again. All the rooms would fill up with objects, newspapers and magazines would compost, the potatoes in the rack, the canned green beans in the garbage pale would take new heart and come to life again, reaching out green shoots towards the sun. The plants would grow wild and wind into a jungle around the house, splitting plaster, tearing shingles, the garden would enter in at the door. The goldfish would die, the birds would die, we'd have them stuffed; the dog would die from lack of care, and probably the children--all stuffed and sitting around the house, covered with dust.
(27) INSERT FOUR. DADA. DADA (Fr., hobby-horse) was a nihilistic precursor of Surrealism, invented in Zurich during World War I, a product of hysteria and shock lasting from about 1915 to 1922. It was deliberately anti-art and anti-sense, intended to outrage and scandalize and its most characteristic production was the reproduction of the Mona Lisa decorated with a moustache and the obscene caption LHOOQ (read: elle a chaud au cul) "by" Duchamp. Other manifestations included Arp's collages of coloured paper cut out at random and shuffled, ready-made objects such as the bottle drier and the bicycle wheel "signed" by Duchamp, Picabia's drawings of bits of machinery with incongruous titles, incoherent poetry, a lecture given by 38 lecturers in unison, and an exhibition in Cologne in 1920, held in an annex to a cafe lavatory, at which a chopper was provided for spectators to smash the exhibits with--which they did.
(28) TIME-PIECES AND OTHER MEASURING DEVICES. In the Boyle house there are four clocks; three watches (one a Mickey Mouse watch which does not work); two calendars and two engagement books; three rulers, a yardstick; a measuring cup; a set of red plastic measuring spoons which includes a tablespoon, a teaspoon, a one-half teaspoon, one fourth teaspoon and one-eighth teaspoon; an egg timer; an oral thermometer and a rectal thermometer; a Boy Scout compass; a barometer in the shape of a house, in and out of which an old woman and an old man chase each other forever without fulfillment; a bathroom scale; an infant scale; a tape measure which can be pulled out of a stuffed felt strawberry; a wall on which the children's heights are marked; a metronome.
(29) Sarah Boyle finds a new line in her face after lunch while cleaning the bathroom. It is as yet barely visible, running from the midpoint of her forehead to the bridge of her nose. By inward curling of her eyebrows she can etch it clearly as it will come to appear in the future. She marks another mark on the wall where she has drawn out a scoring area. Face Lines and Other Intimations of Mortality, the heading says. There are thirty-two marks, counting this latest one.
(30) Sarah Boyle is a vivacious and witty young wife and mother, educated at a fine Eastern college, proud of her growing family which keeps her happy and busy around the house, involved in many hobbies and community activities, and only occasionally given to obsessions concerning Time/Entropy/Chaos and Death.
(31) Sarah Boyle is never quite sure how many children she has.
(32) Sarah thinks from time to time; Sarah is occasionally visited with this thought; at times this thought comes upon Sarah, that there are things to be hoped for, accomplishments to be desired beyond the mere reproductions, mirror reproduction of one's kind. The babies. Lying in bed at night sometimes the memory of the act of birth, always the hue and texture of red plush theatre seats, washes up; the rending which always, at a certain intensity of pain, slipped into landscapes, the sweet breath of the sweating nurse. The wooden Russian doll has bright, perfectly round red spots on her cheeks, she splits in the center to reveal a doll smaller but in all other respects identical with round bright red spots on her cheeks, etc.
(33) How fortunate for the species, Sarah muses or is mused, that children are as ingratiating as we know them. Otherwise they would soon be salted off for the leeches they are, and the race would extinguish itself in a fair sweet flowering, the last generations' massive achievement in the arts and pursuits of high civilization. The finest women would have their tubes tied off at the age of twelve, or perhaps refrain altogether from the Act of Love? All interests would be bent to a refining and perfecting of each febrile sense, each fluid hour, with no more cowardly investment in immortality via the patchy and too often disappointing vegetables of one's own womb.
(34) INSERT FIVE. LOVE. LOVE: a typical sentiment involving fondness for, or attachment to, an object, the idea of which is emotionally colored whenever it arises in the mind, and capable, as Shand has pointed out, of evoking any one of a whole gamut of primary emotions, according to the situation in which the object is placed, or represented; often, and by psychoanalysts always, used in the sense of sex-love or even lust (q.v.)
(35) Sarah Boyle has at times felt a unity with her body, at other times a complete separation. The mind/body duality considered. The time/space duality considered. The male/female duality considered. The matteenergy duality considered. Sometimes, at extremes, her Body seems to her an animal on a leash, taken for walks in the park by her Mind. The lamp posts of experience. Her arms are lightly freckled and when she gets very tired the places under her eyes become violet.
(36) Housework is never completed, the chaos always lurks ready to encroach on any area left unweeded, a jungle filled with dirty pans and the roaring giant stuffed toy animals suddenly turned savage. Terrible glass eyes.
(37) SHOPPING FOR THE BIRTHDAY CAKE. Shopping in the supermarket with the baby in front of the cart and a larger child holding on. The light from the ice-cube-tray-shaped fluorescent lights is mixed blue and pink and brighter, colder, and cheaper than daylight. The doors swing open just as you reach out your hand for them, Tantalus, moving with a ghastly quiet swing. Hot dogs for the party. Potato chips, gum drops, a paper tablecloth with birthday designs, hot dog buns, catsup, mustard, picalilli, balloons, instant coffee Continental style, dog food, frozen peas, ice cream, frozen lima beans, frozen broccoli in butter sauce, paper birthday hats, paper napkins in three colors, a box of Sugar Frosted Flakes with a Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart mask on the back, bread, pizza mix. The notes of a just-graspable music filter through the giant store, for the most part by-passing the brain and acting directly on the liver, blood and lymph. The air is delicately scented with aluminum. Half and half cream, tea bags, bacon, sandwich meat, strawberry jam. Sarah is in front of the shelves of cleaning products now, and the baby is beginning to whine. Around her are whole libraries of objects, offering themselves. Some of that same old hysteria that had incarnadined her hair rises up again, and she does not refuse it. There is one moment when she can choose direction, like standing on a chalk-drawn X, a hot cross bun, and she does not choose calm and measure. Sarah Boyle begins to pick out, methodically, deliberately and with a careful ecstasy, one of every cleaning product which the store sells. Window Cleaner, Glass Cleaner, Brass Polish, Silver Polish, Steel Wool, eighteen different brands of Detergent, Disinfectant, Toilet Cleanser, Water Softener, Fabric Softener, Drain Cleanser, Spot Remover, Floor Wax, Furniture Wax, Car Wax, Carpet Shampoo, Dog Shampoo, Shampoo for people with dry, oily and normal hair, for people with dandruff, for people with grey hair. Tooth Paste, Tooth Powder, Denture Cleaner, Deodorants, Antiperspirants, Antiseptics, Soaps, Cleansers, Abrasives, Oven Cleansers, Makeup Removers. When the same products appear in different sizes Sarah takes one of each size. For some products she accumulates whole little families of containers: a giant Father bottle of shampoo, a Mother bottle, an Older Sister bottle just smaller than the Mother bottle, and a very tiny Baby Brother bottle. Sarah fills three shopping carts and has to have help wheeling them all down the aisles. At the checkout counter her laughter and hysteria keep threatening to overflow as the pale blonde clerk with no eyebrows like the Mona Lisa pretends normality and disinterest. The bill comes to $57.53 and Sarah has to write a check. Driving home, the baby strapped in the drive-a-cot and the paper bags bulging in the back seat, she cries.
(38) BEFORE THE PARTY. Mrs. David Boyle, mother-in-law of Sarah Boyle, is coming to the party of her grandchild. She brings a toy, a yellow wooden duck on a string, made in Austria: the duck quacks as it is pulled along the floor. Sarah is filling paper cups with gum drops and chocolates, and Mrs. David Boyle sits at the kitchen table and talks to her. She is talking about several things, she is talking about her garden which is flourishing except for a plague of rare black beetles, thought to have come from Hong Kong, which are undermining some of the most delicate growths at the roots, and feasting on the leaves of other plants. She is talking about a sale of household linens which she plans to attend on the following Tuesday. She is talking about her neighbor who has cancer and is wasting away. The neighbor is a Catholic woman who had never had a day's illness in her life until the cancer struck, and now she is, apparently, failing with dizzying speed. The doctor says her body's chaos, chaos, cells running wild all over, says Mrs. David Boyle. When I visited her she hardly knew me, can hardly speak, can't keep herself clean, says Mrs. David Boyle.
(39) Sometimes Sarah can hardly remember how many cute chubby little children she has.
(40) When she used to stand out in center field far away from the other players, she used to make up songs and sing them to herself.
(41) She thinks of the end of the world by ice.
(42) She thinks of the end of the world by water.
(43) She thinks of the end of the world by nuclear war.
(44) There must be more than this, Sarah Boyle thinks, from time to time. What could one do to justify one's passage? Or less ambitiously, to change, even in the motion of the smallest mote, the course and circulation of the world? Sometimes Sarah's dreams are of heroic girth, a new symphony using laboratories of machinery and all invented instruments, at once giant in scope and intelligible to all, to heal the bloody breach; a series of paintings which would transfigure and astonish and calm the frenzied art world in its panting race; a new novel that would refurbish language. Sometimes she considers the mystical, the streaky and random, and it seems that one change, no matter how small, would be enough. Turtles are supposed to live for many years. To carve a name, date and perhaps a word of hope upon a turtle's shell, then set him free to wend the world, surely this one act might cancel out absurdity?
(45) Mrs. David Boyle has a faint moustache, like Duchamp's Mona Lisa.
(46) THE BIRTHDAY PARTY. Many children dressed in pastels, sit around the long table. They are exhausted and overexcited from games fiercely played, some are flushed and wet, others unnaturally pale. This general agitation, and the paper party hats they wear, combine to make them appear a dinner party of debauched midgets. It is time for the cake. A huge chocolate cake in the shape of a rocket and launching pad and covered with blue and pink icing is carried in. In the hush the birthday child begins to cry. He stops crying, makes a wish and blows out the candles.
(47) One child will not eat hot dogs, ice cream or cake, and asks for cereal. Sarah pours him out a bowl of Sugar Frosted Flakes, and a moment later he chokes. Sarah pounds him on the back, and out spits a tiny green plastic snake with red glassy eyes, the Surprise Gift. All the children want it.
(48) AFTER THE PARTY THE CHILDREN ARE PUT TO BED. Bath time. Observing the nakedness of children, pink and slippery as seals, squealing as seals, now the splashing, grunting and smacking of cherry flesh on raspberry flesh reverberate in the pearl tiled steamy cubicle. The nakedness of children is so much more absolute than that of the mature. No musky curling hair to indicate the target points, no knobbly clutch of plane and fat and curvature to ennoble this prince of beasts. All well-fed naked children appear edible, Sarah's teeth hum in her head with memory of bloody feastings, prehistory. Young humans appear too like the young of other species for smugness, and the comparison is not even in their favor, they are much the most peeled and unsupple of those young. Such pinkness, such utter nuded pinkness; the orifices neatly incised, rimmed with a slightly deeper rose, the incessant demands for breast, time, milks of many sorts.
(49) INSERT SIX. WEINER ON ENTROPY. In Gibb's Universe order is least probable, chaos most probable. But while the Universe as a whole, if indeed there is a whole Universe, tends to run down, there are local enclaves whose direction seems opposed to that of the Universe at large and in which there is a limited and temporary tendency for organization to increase. Life finds its home in some of these enclaves.
(50) Sarah Boyle imagines, in her mind's eye, cleaning, and ordering the great world, even the Universe. Filling the great spaces of Space with a marvellous sweet smelling, deep cleansing foam. Deodorizing rank caves and volcanoes. Scrubbing rocks.
(51) INSERT SEVEN. TURTLES. Many different species of carnivorous Turtles live in the fresh waters of the tropical and temperate zones of various continents. Most northerly of the European Turtles (extending as far as Holland and Lithuania) is the European Pond Turtle (Emys orbicularis). It is from eight to ten inches long and may live a hundred years.
(52) CLEANING UP AFTER THE PARTY. Sarah is cleaning up after the party. Gum drops and melted ice cream surge off paper plates, making holes in the paper tablecloth through the printed roses. A fly has died a splendid death in a pool of strawberry ice cream. Wet jelly beans stain all they touch, finally becoming themselves colorless, opaque white flocks of tames or sleeping maggots. Plastic favors mount half-eaten pieces of blue cake. Strewn about are thin strips of fortune papers from the Japanese poppers. Upon them are printed strangely assorted phrases selected by apparently unilingual Japanese. Crowds of delicate yellow people spending great chunks of their lives in producing these most ephemeral of objects, and inscribing thousands of fine papers with absurd and incomprehensible messages. "The very hairs of your head are all numbered," reads one. Most of the balloons have popped. Someone has planted a hot dog in the daffodil pot. A few of the helium balloons have escaped their owners and now ride the ceiling. Another fortune paper reads, "Emperor's horses meet death worse, numbers, numbers."
(53) She is very tired, violet under the eyes, mauve beneath the eyes. Her uncle in Ohio used to get the same marks under his eyes. She goes to the kitchen to lay the table for tomorrow's breakfast, then she sees that in the turtle's bowl the turtle is floating, still, on the surface of the water. Sarah Boyle pokes at it with a pencil but it does not move. She stands for several minutes looking at the dead turtle on the surface of the water. She is crying again.
(54) She begins to cry. She goes to the refrigerator and takes out a carton of eggs, white eggs, extra large. She throws them one by one onto the kitchen floor which is patterned with strawberries in squares. They break beautifully. There is a Secret Society of Dentists, all moustached, with Special Code and Magic Rings. She begins to cry. She takes up three bunny dishes and throws them against the refrigerator; they shatter, and then the floor is covered with shards, chunks of partial bunnies, an ear, an eye here, a paw; Stockton, California, Acton, California, Chico, California, Redding, California, Glen Ellen, California, Cadix, California, Angels Camp, California, Half Moon Bay. The total ENTROPY of the Universe therefore is increasing, tending towards a maximum, corresponding to complete disorder of the particles in it. She is crying, her mouth is open. She throws a jar of grape jelly and it smashes the window over the sink. It has been held that the Universe constitutes a thermodynamically closed system, and if this were true it would mean that a time must finally come when the Universe "unwinds" itself, no energy being available for use. This state is referred to as the "Heat Death of the Universe." Sarah Boyle begins to cry. She throws a jar of strawberry jam against the stove, enamel chips off and the stove begins to bleed. Bach had twenty children, how many children has Sarah Boyle? Her mouth is open. Her mouth is opening. She turns on the water and fills the sink with detergent. She writes on the kitchen wall, "William Shakespeare has Cancer and lives in California." She writes, "Sugar Frosted Flakes are the Food of the Gods." The water foams up in the sink, overflowing, bubbling onto the strawberry floor. She is about to begin to cry. Her mouth is opening. She is crying. She cries. How can one ever tell whether there are one or many fish? She begins to break glasses and dishes, she throws cups and cooking pots and jars of food, which shatter and break, and spread over the kitchen. The sand keeps falling, very quietly, in the egg timer. The old man and woman in the barometer never catch each other. She picks up eggs and throws them into the air. She begins to cry. She opens her mouth. The eggs arch slowly through the kitchen, like a baseball, hit high against the spring sky, seen from far away. They go higher and higher in the stillness, hesitate at the zenith, then begin to fall away slowly, slowly, through the fine clear air.

I used to go to the Toledo Zoo when I was a kid 10-15 years ago. When I was there, I distinctly remember there being two miniature trains in the zoo. I know there's the big Safari train, but I have pretty clear memories of another smaller train somewhere on the other side of the pedestrian bridge, I don't remember exactly where, but I think it's close to where the goats are. It was just a little train that didn't take you on a tour of animal exhibits like the Safari one did, but it took you through a tunnel with glow-in-the-dark graffiti of insects on the wall. It was a bit creepy as a kid, but definitely really cool!
I can't find anything on any of the maps nor any mentions of this other train on the zoo's site. I'm one of those people who will obsess over little details of childhood memories like this so I'm asking the locals if you know if this train does/did exist?
I miss that zoo, it was a big part of my childhood.