A disaster looms in Sudan… H5N1 expands more… and lots of flooding.
Last Week in Collapse: April 28-May 4, 2024
This is Last Week in Collapse, a weekly newsletter compiling some of the most important, timely, useful, soul-crushing, ironic, stunning, exhausting, or otherwise must-see/can’t-look-away moments in Collapse.
This is the 123rd newsletter. You can find the April 21-27 edition here if you missed it last week. You can also receive these posts (with images) every Sunday in your email inbox with Substack.
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A study in Science of the Total Environment examined the impact of palm oil plantations in Indonesia. It found that “establishing oil palm plantations increased surface runoff by 21%, and sediment yields rose by 16.9% compared to the baseline. There was also a significant increase of 78% in mean annual total nitrogen and 144% in total phosphorous.” A look into an Indonesian watershed roughly the size of Sweden’s Gotland island, or France’s Réunion island, found about 25% of the watershed had been transformed into a palm oil plantation. Regional water quality has plunged, rainfall has increased, runoff has risen, and the soil is moister than ever before.
Other forests saw gradual aridification. A recent study in Geophysical Research Letters examined forests in West Africa, where wildfires doubled over the last 18 years. Scientists blame deforestation and changing weather patterns, mostly.
Worsening air pollution is impacting the tourism industry in Nepal, and impacting the population’s health. Bangladesh ended its hottest April since records began 76 years ago. Western Australia is enduring a vicious 7-month Drought. The death toll from flooding in Kenya is now at at least 188, with 90 missing and 160,000+ displaced. About 50 were killed when a dam broke about 30km outside Nairobi. At least 155 have also died in Tanzania from flooding—and the approach of Cyclone Hidaya is expected to cause more deaths & damage.
A study published last week in Earth’s Future determined that tropical hurricanes and cyclones will get wetter, intensify faster, and cause more damage when they make landfall. At a conference of earthquake scientists last week, they discussed the potential for dangerous lake tsunamis triggered by future climate-induced landslides into mountain lakes.
In other mountain regions, like Kashmir, Drought is encroaching as ancient glaciers disappear. In fact, much of India is experiencing terrible Drought and heat.
Manila hit its all-time hottest air temperature ever—38.8 °C (102 °F). Myanmar and Lao felt their hottest night ever, as did a number of Asian capitals. Japan also ended its warmest April on record. Flooding in Saudi Arabia.
China experienced 35+ cm hail (14+ inches), and part of Hainan saw its hottest day of all time, 42.8 °C (109 °F). Scientists are worried about the upcoming normalization of heat-caused dieoffs in marine environments.
Flooding caused the Collapse of part of a highway in China, killing 48+ people. Tornadoes across Midwest America killed several, laying waste across several states. Some regions of the U.S. are seeing insurers pull out or raise premiums beyond affordable limits, due to a changing risk environment—mostly around wildfires & flooding. Like many nations, Greece is bracing for a record fire season ahead.
Hundreds of thousands of fish, perhaps millions, died off in a Vietnamese reservoir blasted by a heat wave which turned parts of the reservoir into mud. In the ocean, temperature fluctuations are increasingly responsible for mass mortality events.
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Farmers in the UK are warning of upcoming food shortages, mostly as a result of the devastating flooding which impacted the Isles. Couple that with the news that about 20% of major UK companies issued a profit warning in the last 12 months, and the nation is facing tough economic waters ahead. Global cocoa prices continue to surge, and the futures market for this tight commodity is growing more volatile.
Experts are concerned that vaping is increasing lead poisoning. A study in Science Direct examined the inhalation of nano- and microplastics (from sources like shirts, toothbrushes, and water bottles), and found that they “amplify human susceptibility to a spectrum of lung disorders, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, fibrosis, dyspnea, asthma, and the formation of frosted glass nodules.” Nanoparticles, like non-plastic particles from consumer sprays, are also affecting respiratory health.
A 20-year survey of pollution in the Great Lakes showed that 86% of the Lakes’ annual litter is made of plastic. “Plastic is not disappearing—it's just getting smaller and smaller,” said one of the study’s authors. A study into plastic pollution determined that, predictably, a 1% increase in plastics production also results in a 1% increase in plastics pollution—bad news for the planet, considering that plastic is expected to account for 15% of carbon emissions by 2040. Some researchers are warning of potential PFAS contamination from seafood-heavy diets.
The U.S. FDA announced the results from a new study on HPAI (bird flu / H5N1) in milk: no active, infectious virus particles were detected in pasteurized milk, although trace amounts of harmless virus were detected in a range of dairy products. However, 24 cats died at a Texas dairy farm, presumably from contracting H5N1 in raw milk they consumed. It’s also been confirmed now that the March infection of a human from that Texas farm was the first known mammal-to-human transmission of bird flu. Panic is unfolding gradually—and then suddenly.
Nine states have detected H5N1 in their cattle, with Colorado starting last week. Some epidemiologists think there must be more human cases out there, considering all the positive animals… A sample of 30 ground beef samples found them all clean of H5N1. The first walrus died of bird flu last week, on one of Norway’s northern islands.
Scabies outbreak in Idlib, Syria. Dengue fever in Brazil has infected 4M so far this year—and killed 2,000+. A case of Lassa Fever—rarely found outside West Africa—was reported in France. High temperatures are also linked with cardiovascular deaths.
Scientists continue to warn about the potential for zoonotic spillovers to bring diseases to humans, like Alaskapox. But there are also viruses going the other way, like the common cold—which presents a much more serious threat to chimpanzees.
In a moment of good news, hospitalizations for COVID are at all-time lows in the U.S. since the start of the pandemic. And a study confirmed that vaccine-boosted people are at 25% lower risk of Long COVID. Bad news: a new variant, codenamed FLiRT, or KP.2, is catching on, and has proven more immuno-evasive than the previously dominant strain, JN.1.
Another fuel shortage in Nigeria. Experts also believe NYC will experience more blackouts because of climate change in the future.
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Two cargo freighters were struck last week by Houthi rebels, including an oil tanker hit last Sunday. The ships which reroute around the tip of Africa, which add another 7-14 days of travel, have emitted a total of the equivalent about 9M cars’ worth of CO2 emissions over the past 4 months. The potential expansion of Houthi strikes to ships in the Indian Ocean also threaten global economic stability.
If logistics win wars, Canada’s armed forces are in difficult straits, taking one year to deliver 50 APCs promised to Ukraine. Kharkiv (pre-war pop: 1.45M) is in especially dire straits, with a total shutdown of public transportation, serious blackouts, and the breakdown of running water. “Air raid sirens sound day and night, signaling the ever-present risk of shelling. The city has endured heavy bombardment…insomnia is affecting a significant portion of the population,” said one Kharkiv doctor. Several large divisions of Russian units—up to 70,000, in total—are reportedly planning an assault on Sumy, and on Kharkiv (Ukraine’s second-largest city pre-war) in about a month. Experts believe even 70,000 soldiers is not enough to take and hold Kharkiv.
France is increasingly floating the idea of deploying its troops into Ukraine as a trip-wire force to prevent a deeper invasion of Russian soldiers—and whatever might follow. Britain has given the OK for Ukraine to use British-donated arms for strikes within Russian borders. A German Bundeswehr captain was caught spying for Russia—apparently not for money, but out of fears of a future nuclear attack.
Myanmar’s escalating civil war is threatening to shred the country—and it’s alarming its neighbors. At least 20 civilians died and 70+ were injured by the junta’s artillery last week. The government has now forbidden military-age men from leaving the country to work abroad.
Hundreds of North Koreans have been repatriated, by force, from China. Britain is reportedly planning a large-scale detainment of migrants for next week; the UK saw its biggest one-day arrival of migrants in small boats: 711. In the U.S., immigration continues topping polls as the #1 issue—and the most polarizing one. (#2 was “the Government” and #3 was the Economy in general.) Paris is beginning a wide crackdown on migrants & homeless people in advance of the July-August Olympics.
Analysts are examining the potential for Haitian pirates to emerge as the failed state impacts regional Caribbean stability. Meanwhile, tens of thousands of Pakistani farmer-protestors turned out to disapprove of a government hiatus on buying their wheat. Cuba gave a long prison sentence to a young mother who posted videos of a protest in 2022. El Salvador passed large reforms essentially enabling their uber-popular President to change the Constitution “at will.”
Chinese threats to Philippine vessels are intensifying: a collision, and high strength water cannons struck a vessel in the South China Sea. You can watch part of the incident here if you’re interested. Meanwhile, in Georgia, police used water cannons against protestors opposing a new press law. At a number of American universities, police forcibly disrupted several protests opposing Israel’s conduct in Gaza. The country of Colombia even severed ties with Israel “for having a genocidal president,” said their Presidente. Türkiye has now cut trade with Israel.
The 68-page 2023 Explosive Weapons Monitor was released last week, and it confirms an increase in the use of explosives against civilians, particularly in the education (80% increase compared to 2022) and humanitarian aid (almost 500%) sectors. Most of the increases were due to the ongoing operations in Gaza and Sudan.
Iraq has criminalized same-sex relations and identifying as transgender, with punishments ranging from 1-15 years in prison, plus fines.
In Sudan, the besieged city of El Fasher (pre-war pop: 1.5M, now estimated at around 800,000) is becoming a hellscape under the growing shadow of a looming “large-scale massacre,” another Darfur Genocide, or a devastating famine...El Fasher is also a key hub for aid transiting to the country’s western regions. Some people are said to be eating dirt and leaves already; others are continually fleeing to South Sudan.
“...the conflict has become increasingly internationalized, with other countries becoming engaged and supporting one side or the other. This results in the conflict becoming more complicated…there has been a significant deterioration in the security situation, including increasing arbitrary killings, theft of livestock, systematic burning of entire villages in rural areas, escalating air bombardments of parts of the city and a tightening siege around El Fasher, which has halted humanitarian aid convoys and choked off commercial trade. As a result, prices of increasingly scarce commodities like food, water and fuel have soared, putting large numbers of people at risk of hunger and disease.” -a UN official coordinating humanitarian aid
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Select comments/threads from the subreddit last week suggest:
-Brazil’s flooding is catastrophic, and this thread, complete with videos, explains the details. At least 39 are dead, some major roads are washed out, and a city of 90,000+ has become navigable only by boat.
-France is unprepared for most disasters, based on this weekly {English} observation and the 172-page attached {French} report by the Red Cross.
Got any feedback, questions, comments, complaints, upvotes, manifestos, bird flu alarms, etc.? Check out the Last Week in Collapse SubStack if you don’t want to check collapse every Sunday, you can receive this newsletter sent to your (or someone else’s) email inbox every weekend. What did I forget this week?

The side effects of growth hormones (HGH) on older adults outweigh their benefits. This, at least, is the conclusion of a recent analysis of clinical data published to date.
The use of growth hormones to counter the effects of aging is relatively widespread in North America. Experts estimate that, in 2004, between 20,000 and 30,000 elderly people in the United States were taking them. They are available to Americans over the internet, even though the FDA has not approved the marketing of these hormones as a pharmaceutical product to counter the effects of aging.
Although growth hormones are advertised as effective and safe, analysis of published data indicates that these claims are based on 18 trials involving just 220 subjects. The Californian researchers who analyzed the data point out that the evidence for the efficacy of growth hormones is of low quality, and that their use is associated with a high rate of side effects.
The claimed beneficial effects would be modest at best in healthy elderly people. Hormones may help to improve the ratio of lean body mass to body fat in men. However, this effect seems to be much less pronounced in women. It is therefore necessary to increase the dosage in their case, which risks causing more undesirable effects such as diabetes and carpal tunnel.
Administration of the product often leads to edema of the subcutaneous and submucosal connective tissues. HGH can cause fluid retention in body tissues. The authors also point out that treatment could have adverse effects on blood sugar levels.
The researchers conclude that there is clearly insufficient evidence of the efficacy and safety of growth hormones to authorize their widespread use in the elderly for anti-aging. In short, they are far from the "fountain of youth" they are being advertised as.
References
Liu H, Bravata DM, Olkin I, Nayak S, Roberts B, Garber AM, Hoffman AR. Systematic review: the safety and efficacy of growth hormone in the healthy elderly. Ann Intern Med. 2007 Jan 16;146(2):104-15. DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-146-2-200701160-00005
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TL;DR class descriptions/info to help underclassmen know about classes thru personal experiences. Add to it with extra info or questions!
To all the incoming freshmen or other underclassmen - you’ll prolly hear it a lot, but the time really does go by so fast. Enjoy it, soak it in, and step out of your comfort zone. Someone posted their classes thru Purdue to let other students know how those classes were (in case it was a niche/high-level class or it wasn’t on RateMyProfessor). That was pretty helpful to me so Imma do it too. I’ll let u kno how the courses went and what I can remember. I’m graduating from the College of Ag with a B.S. in Animal Sciences with a concentration in Biosciences and minors in Biotechnology and Real Estate. I came into Purdue with AP and Dual Credits, so some things I didn’t take. Anyway, here are the classes I took.
Anyone who’s taken any of these, please add on/say smth else if it has changed! Underclassmen, feel free to ask about them!
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FRESHMAN YEAR
AGR 101: Intro to Ag & Purdue (Multiple lecturers)
This course was THE intro course to Purdue and Ag (duh). It was a 1/2 semester course so I was done with it by week 8 and there was only a quiz. We were told the purpose of Purdue being land-grant and were just intro’d to the different parts/departments of the college of Ag + different success tips. This was also the class where u begin (already) thinking about your 4-year plan and create a LinkedIn. Easy A, just show up and learn about the college of Ag
AGR 114: Intro to ANSC Programs (Ashley York)
Also a 1/2 semester course that was done by Oct. This class just went into depth on what to expect as a student in the department. You may start work on a resumé, continue with planning or LinkedIn. Again, easy A, just show up. Also, Ashley was a saint helping me each year to make sure I was on track, even tho she wasn’t my advisor.
ANSC 102: Intro to Animal Ag (Elizabeth Karcher)
This class was the first “real” class of college. It was just an intro to different domestic species and the operations tht are part of animal ag. I think there was also a lab with the class where u were introduced to animals. Dr. Karcher also was a pretty good professor. Just pay attention - it’s sort of memorization for random facts about animals/common sense depending on what u took in high school/home life in a rural area. Should be easy A.
CHM 115: Gen Chem (Multiple lecturers)
Was never a fan of chemistry, so this class I went into with dread. I didn’t want to take AP Chem, and just dealt with it in college. Honestly, if u took honors/were a good student in hs chemistry, there should be no problem - was basically just like a high school class. There was a lab that went with this course, but because of COVID, I just had an online worksheet to do every week for pre-, in-, and post-lab so I can’t speak on it. If u aren’t inclined to chem, it might take a bit of extra studying, but I was never worried.
PHIL 110: Intro to Philosophy (Taylor Davis)
To be fair, I never exactly wanted to take this exact class. I came from a small town in the Midwest, so I wanted to be sure I wasn’t dumb or anything to the people, cultures, etc. around me. Told my advisor I wanted to take a class to give me more of a “world” perspective, so she suggested the class. It honestly was not bad at all. The professor knew what he was talking abt and very accepting of questions. We learned how to tear down an argument and build it up in several ways and talked about cool things like if we have free will, does God exist, etc. The only assignments that counted for the sem were a midterm and 2 papers - 1 small and 1 large philosophical essay over any topic from the class. Definitely changed my outlook, would recommend taking it. The first part of class was harder - making sure u understand why/how an argument does or doesn’t work - but the rest was fun/easy as the topics were just presented and talked about.
AGEC 217: Economics (Larry Deboer)
I found Econ as a topic in and of itself to be quite boring. Supply and demand, money, etc. The class kind of turned out that way. Its presented as basically supply/demand and reasons for changes to the them were slowly added throughout the semester. We had several assignments, but they were nothing terrible. Gotta give props to the professor, tho. He knew the class wasn’t great but made it fun. Also, the class is flexible for schedules as in some situations it can count for credit in place of ECON251.
POL 223: Intro to Environmental Policy (Tara Grillos)
When I first started, I thought the route I wanted was ANSC with some focus in environmental issues. That’s why I took this class. I don’t understand the “intro” part, really. The whole class was presented as just case studies for things that have happened that impacted policies from the late 1800s/early 1900s until recently. Some of the info was cool. I don’t remember much for assignments, but there was a group project/paper where u had to decide on an environmental issue, state how u plan to fix it, on what level of government, etc. It wasn’t a crazy class to be in as a freshman, but it was not what I was expecting for a POL class.
ANSC 181: Orientation to ANSC (Elizabeth Byers)
Another 1/2 semester course. This class, as far as I can remember, was just for showing u the possibilities available to u in ANSC. This was specifically ANSC. It went over every concentration and what jobs/salaries there were. This was also a class where we were assigned to create our resumés (professionally) and start networking. Just as, if not easier than the other 1/2 semester classes so far.
ANSC 221: Principles of Animal Nutrition (Dale Forsyth)
Sorry but not sorry for anyone in ANSC. The class is boring, but Dr. Dale Forsyth is such a sweet old man. This class is the intro for nutrition in ANSC. U will learn the different required nutrients, food stuffs (supplements and stuff too) that have these nutrients, what happens when animals are given too little of these, and how to balance/create rations for animals (ruminant and non-ruminant). As long as u are okay/good with algebra, there shouldn’t be a problem. U just need to solve systems of equations in Excel to get the right weight of a food stuff. Homework was balancing rations. Exams looked at that + nutrients and their deficiencies. Dr. Forsyth also talks fast and doesn’t slow down because he has a lot to get thru. Come into the class knowing it prolly isn’t going to be very fun, but u need to know it. Try to find something interesting in the whole.
BIOL 111: Fundamentals of Bio II (Sean Humphrey)
Not sure how this class really is. I came into college loving biology and being (not to sound like an ass) great at it. To me, it was easy and relearning biology from high school for a bit. To others it may be a bit more difficult. There is just a lot of memorization. The professor was nice and answered my questions when I had them and explained in great detail if I was confused. I can’t remember any assignments I turned in, or anything about exams. Overall, I thought it was an easy class, but be the judge urself.
CHM 116: Gen Chem (Multiple lecturers)
Just a continuation of CHM 115. It picked up where it left off. Got a little harder, but it was nowhere as hard as TV or anything makes it. There are definitely topics that show up from hs again, but a lot is new. Wasn’t fun for this class switching lecturers every few weeks since they each had their own lecture style. Again, there was a lab section, but because of COVID, it was a worksheet. Not the worst class, but a meh class.
MA 16020: Applied Calc II (Alexandros Kafkas)
The first and only time I had to take math here. In hs I took MA 165 and thought it was a breeze (prolly bc it was hs). To anyone wondering, MA 165 SHOULD count in place of MA 16010 in college of ag. With that in mind, I went into the course knowing what Purdue math is known for, but still keepin an open mind with my abilities. I’m really proud of the grade I got, too. I think a lot of the course depends on the lecturer - mine was good at teaching us new concepts. Learn all you can about the lecturer beforehand, find out if they are good, and see it for yourself. We had quizzes in class every week (MWF) over the previous lecture and homework thru LON-CAPA that was usually due the day aftebefore (Tues, Thurs, Sun, I think). The quizzes and homework were good starting problems. The exams were tough and harder than quizzes/hw. If u’ve done well in math, but aren’t a prodigy or someone who can put in hrs of work, don’t expect to get likely higher than mid-70s on exams. It was common to get around a 50-60%. They do curve “if it’s necessary” but it is ALWAYS necessary.
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SOPHOMORE YEAR
AGR 201: Communicating Across Cultures (Pamala Morris)
To start…BOO. Was not a fan of this class. Felt like it was a money grab and busy work. It was required for some international understanding credits. The content wasnt interesting but for sure important. We were taught to basically be good ppl and about the different types of hardships that groups of ppl could go thru (ageism, sexism, racism, classism, etc.). We were required to buy the book, which was $50, but written by the prof and from what I assume was her website. I don’t recall ever using it unless it was necessary for an assignment. The class helps u relate and think critically, but is done in a piss-poor way. It could hv been the COVID aftermath where lecture was done virtually but we had a class later on with other students for a “lab”. Quizzes were easy, and overall easy, but so bad too.
SPAN 201: Spanish III (Nancy Reyes)
I know I’ve said this already abt other courses, but this still applies. This course was 100% a high school class. I did a placement test into this course (after 3 years in HS Spanish - Fr. to Jr. - with a 2 year gap of not learning) and got all credit for Spanish 1 and 2. Took it for international understanding credits. This course made sure u knew the basics again, spent a lot of time in past tense, then ended w maybe a month in subjective and future tense. There were a few speaking assignments and cultural readings/lectures. Was encouraged to speak Spanish for class, but the prof knew that couldn’t happen but still helped us all. Exams included MC, writing, and listening. Not sure if this is the same for other languages, but hopefully it is.
CHM 255 + 25501: Orgo + Lab (Elizabeth Parkinson)
Dreaded this class, but went in confidently. The class sucks, no other way abt it. It was a lot of memorization and practice. A lot of the “basic” stuff started sticking about halfway thru the semester. It doesn’t help that I stopped going to lecture about 3/4 thru the sem. It wasn’t as hard as expected, but it was still quite hard. The prof was amazing at making the content interesting. Labs were ran by GTAs. Depending on the section your GTA may not kno anything. The labs also did not go along with the lecture - they are 2 separate courses that can individually be passed or failed. Exams were as you would expect with the course - a few high spots among a crowd of C’s and D’s. The lab had multiple things due every week w the semester started. It was expected to do ur pre-lab at start of week, turn in ur in-lab immediately after finishing lab, then the previous week’s post-lab/final lab was due. The lab also holds the policy that if u don’t show up dressed right or sleep late, if you don’t show up within 10/15min of start that u can’t show up and will receive a 0 for the lab.
ANSC 230: Physiology of Domestic Animals (Rod Allrich)
This class taught me a lot. Each week was a different body system and learning info regarding animals individually. Things were taught in general as overarching concepts, but then things were applied as necessary for individual species of animals. Everything was brought up from the digestive system to the endocrine system. The class met 4 days a week and had a quiz once a week. There was no lab when I took the course. The specific professor I had was also interesting to say the least. Dr. Allrich is a funny, good man, but he does not use or create slides. Instead he uses his own website to post info (usually from Merck veterinary) abt whatever it is he wanted u to learn. In class he would just ramble on about what he thought was important. ANYTHING he said could be test material - no matter what (I was told by an upperclassman to remember that his favorite pie was sour cream and raisin pie bc it was a quiz question they had). Now, there is a lab that goes with the course. Also, if u hv Cabot the course material and class are much harder than with Rod. There are expectations, lectures, and more. Regardless of the professor, the information that was taught was useful, remembered, and interesting. In any class, Rod typically will have this structure but will grade easily. Quizzes will be to write statements of fact and exams won’t exist or will be take-home with only having 5 paragraphs to write using a word bank
ABE 226: Biotech Lab I (Kari Clase)
This was the first course I took for my minor in Biotechnology. I did not know what to expect going in as I didn’t grasp the scope of biotech. The course was ran well. The whole class is a wet lab where u are in the scientific process trying to find a new species of bacteriophage. U dig in dirt, do some pipetting, use beakers, make plates, isolate DNA, and send it off. Any research u do/finding a phage gets put into a national database for phage research. U do hv lab notebooks that get checked, but hv an outline to go off. There were several quizzes and deliverables that had us learn about phage more, or aseptic technique. It was a good class. U do have to buy a lab coat (which is kinda cool). Easy class that kickstarted my interest.
CHM 256 + 25601: Orgo II + Lab (David Thompson)
This class was disastrous. It was me, the content AND the professor as to why that was the case. This was just a continuation of course and lab. The new content was harder to wrap my head around, + I stopped going to the lectures about halfway thru the sem. To make matters worse, the class was early and the prof was speaking in mach turtle. I would listen to the lectures a day later so I could 2x speed thru them and the man was sounding like a normal person talked. This class was harder than the previous course. If u didn’t like CHM 255, sorry this is worse. The lab was just the same as the previous sem, but the GTAs changed. Again, labs didn’t go with the lecture and are 2 individual courses to be passed or failed separately. I passed but the class made me rethink my life once or twice and was potentially the worst class I ever took.
STAT 301: Elementary Stat Methods (Spencer Hamrick)
I did not enjoy this course a single bit - besides the professor. The course throws, what I felt like, was the entire concept, terms, rules, designs of statistics at u. It was a lot at once for me. I felt like there was a disconnect between what I was learning and in what ways it applied to me. It wasn’t too difficult, but the class was boring. There was also a lab section that was not great either. We were forced to use SRSS. There were homework assignments on a different software/website that equally were boring. The exams were harder than expected - there were some sections with questions with such small disparities that the answer came down to a difference of 1 word in a sentence. Overall, there’s a lot to learn and it’s all pretty basic to give a general understanding, but it was done poorly. If it was done better, it likely would have been an easy course. This course tho is also one of the worst classes I took.
AGRY 320: Genetics (Joseph Anderson)
There’s not much to say about this course. It was genetics. It felt like another continuation from the end of BIOL 111. It built a foundation for DNA, chromosomes, and went from there. There was a lot of higher thinking and content that was build upon thru the semester. It was a bit of memorization, but the content was fun. There were hotseat/iclicker questions for each lecture. Prof. Anderson was also really good at presenting the info.
AGRY 321: Genetics Lab (Aneesha Kulkarni)
This was the lab that went with AGRY 320. It was separate from the lecture. I do not believe it ever followed along with the lecture. The semester was spent with Arabidopsis. From the plant, we extracted DNA, did PCR, did mutant analysis, etc. The whole semester led up to a final lab report for what had been done that semester. There were also some small lab assignments that needed done. The class was also serious about attendance which could have made a major impact on grades. It is also typically ran by a GTA. It was fun and I enjoyed it. There was never really any work that needed to be done outside of class and at times it let out early.
ANSC 333: Physiology of Reproduction (Jonathan Pasternak)
This was a good class. The content focused on female anatomy/physiology first, then male anatomy/physiology, then on interactions and changes to the body through hormones and development. I found the class to be interesting as there is a lot more that goes into reproduction that u think. It’s a lot of cool info thrown out, but in a manageable way. Notes can go fast n there is a lot of terms and items to pay attention to. There was also a lab portion to this class. The lab went with what we learned in lectures. It was hands-on learning and doing things. It might sound gross but we had a lab where we took fetuses from a pig uterus to weigh and look at. We also looked at pig semen under a microscope. The professor was obsessed with histology. Expect to look at many slides of different tissues and know how/why they differ, where they are from, etc. I don’t remember assignments, but there was a lab practical that involved many things. Overall, it was a fun class.
ABE 227: Biotech Lab II (Kari Clase)
This class was busy. There were lots of things that needed to be done often (oddly no true deadlines it felt like). This was the dry lab portion. After ABE 226, any DNA that was collected sufficiently was sequenced and the data came back. That’s essentially what the semester was for. With the DNA from a phage, u must make entries to find out the start/stop site of genes, gene function; BLAST the genes, gather evidence there is truly a gene, and more. There were some small assignments with deliverables. There was also a larger project that was put into the undergrad research symposium. From the DNA, a small group chose a gene and researched. A lot of busy work and nights up, but there was a final genome announcement and research went into real life.
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JUNIOR YEAR
HIST 33805: History of Human Rights (Rebekah Klein-Pejsova)
This class was a requirement for an upper level humanities course. This class was easy and interactive. There were some readings that had to be done outside of class, but not much else was required. U would read, then come to class, fill out a discussion, and talk. The content started back in history and moved all the way to just beyond the Holocaust. There were a couple writing assignments that were like a paragraph. The final was to write a paragraph on when u thought the history of human rights began. Again, easy and almost no work required.
BCHM 307: Biochem (Barbara Golden)
I loved this course. Dr. Golden was soft spoken but she made sure u got the info u needed. The content felt like a mix of genetics and chem. The course was biology-sided for those that hate chem. This course went back to the central dogma and such, but then included a lot of metabolism and inner workings of cells. There were parts involving the Citric acid cycle and other “basic” biology concepts that went into further explanation from a different perspective. I believe there were also hotseat/iclicker questions. If u liked biology or genetics, u should like this course, too.
BCHM 309: Biochem Lab (Orla Hart)
Just like the genetics lab, this lab did content that led up to something big at the end. The lab was spent learning basic lab technique, then focused on isolating and purifying LDH from a Bradford assay. There were lab reports/assignments, but they all help and lead to the big lab report. It was a fun time. Dr. Hart was a fantastic prof for the course as she fully knew the topic, always helped out, and had high expectations. She would also joke and talk with us. She shared about her family (she’s Irish), her cats, n more. + she would talk with you in her office, where she had Ghirardelli chocolates to eat. There was a written midterm + u are required to wear a lab coat and goggles during lab.
ANSC 311: Animal Breeding & Genetics (Donna Lofgren)
This was another class that I liked a lot. For anyone interested in this topic, it is not what u expect. The class is not punnet squares and seeing what traits u can see. This class was a lot of math. You had to find the allelic/gene frequencies, var, covariance, selection intensity, generation interval, EBV, etc. I cannot stress that this class is a lot of math (prolly 75/25 to 85/15 for math/concepts). It is, however, one of the few genetics restrictive selectives for ANSC (if I remember right). There is other content too, learning about how to breed animals, components of breeding and genetics, etc. There is a lecture and lab. The lab is when homework was intro’d and we were given time to ask questions/complete it. The lab lasted 2 hours, and usually there would be several homework problems left. There was also a large project that used a sim (mine was beef, other years used lamb/sheep). I would have to cull and breed to get better genetics, get rid of disease, etc. The better the offspring the better. This sim was paired with an arrow chart and written report. Lot of work, but a lot of fun.
ANSC 326: Applied Non-Ruminant Nutrition (John Radcliffe)
This class was boring. Unless u love animal nutrition, it’s hard for it not to be. This was like a continuation of ANSC 221, but only focused on (essentially) pigs. Once again, just learning the background/basic info for feeding animals, providing nutrients, and balancing/creating rations. Also, this class also uses a lot of Excel - more than ANSC 221. There was a final for the course, but it was only a 1/2 semester course. There may have also been a lab section, but the work typically finished quickly.
ANSC 446: Companion Animal Mgmt (Rod Allrich)
Another course with Rod. It was basically nonsense. U learned what it took to keep companion animals healthy and managed. Specific diseases/interests were looked at for animals during class + issues/problems with animal clinics, shelters, etc. There wasnt much to learn. Since it was Rod, there were no slides. Anything written could be tested. Students had to present some issue with companion animals for points twice in the semester. There was also an animal business plan due at the end of the semester. It was required to describe the location, services, employees, their benefits, etc. There were no exams, but there were his quizzes - u were provided movies to watch and write a 1-page summary/reflection on what u saw. Once u get used to Rod, his classes are some of the easiest to ever take.
MGMT 200: Intro Accounting (Terra Maienbrook)
This was my first class for my Real Estate minor. If u have taken any math class at college u should be fine. This course is an intro. U learn the accounting equation, debits, credits, depreciation, and interpreting it through balance sheets. It can get a little confusing when things are broken down further, but as long as u pay attention there shouldn’t be trouble. Just remember what debits and credits do and u should pass the course. There were assignments that helped understand what needed to be done and how the content u are learning works, but it turns into busy work later on. If u get 1 small error as ur doing ur balance sheet, then the whole problem will be wrong and it probably won’t tell u what the error is. The professor also used hotseat/iclicker for attendance, so make sure to show up. She did let u come to any section at any time and still do the attendance. Exams weren’t difficult if u pay attention and do well in lecture and homework. If u do well, the prof would even email saying that u did well.
MGMT 304: Intro to Financial Mgmt (Phil Baeza)
This class was okay. Part of it could have been it was the prof’s 2nd semester teaching here. The class was a lot of basic info for management/econ and was also a requirement for the Real Estate minor. U are taught corporate finance + the goals of it, cash flows and a bunch of math with related terms (NPV, PV, NWC, NOI, etc.) None of it was exactly difficult to figure out. The class itself wasn’t bad content-wise. Once u learned the information, it was there. There was a lot of Excel for solving problems. If u aren’t good with Excel - make that a priority. The course also had exams, but you were allowed a typed cheat sheet for each. Besides the exams, there was also a case competition (so many of these in MGMT classes). Info was gathered about a company and with a group had to decide to approve or disapprove of their loan request. Overall, not terrible, but hard to sit thru.
ANSC 303: Animal Behavior (Marisa Erasmus)
This was an interesting class to take. It was pretty fun (and I ended up as a TA, my last semester). The course is essentially psychology in animals. You learn conditioning, scientists who contributed to the study, types of interactions, and types of behaviors (maintenance, maternal, social, play, sickness, etc.) and how they are in animals. The course also has a lab section with it. The lab section is essentially to allow for time for the zoo project, although there were some labs that went to the ASREC to observe those animals. For the project u are provided an animal at the zoo to research, go to the local zoo, and observe them. When ur back you create a presentation for the research you did involving the animal and enrichment provided by the zoo. In class, there were several quizzes over lecture content plus a midterm. There were also assignments, but many of them had some involvement with the zoo. The class also had no final, but there was a final quiz. The professor did talk fast sometimes, but as long as you typed or rewrote notes later, there was no issue.
STAT 503: Stat Methods for Biology (Yan Xing)
Unsure of why, but I loved my grad level stats courses. They were much easier and fun to learn than STAT 301 (so if u hate STAT301, give 503 a try). This course basically started at the beginning. The content started with learning sample vs population, statistic vs parameter, plus sample unit, size, variables, and variable types. The course became harder as time went on, but nothing was super difficult. The topics included basic stats (mean, stdev, var, types of distributions, unions/intersection), marginal probability, tree diagrams, binomial distributions, chi-square, ANOVA, hypothesis testing, and multiple comparisons (like bonferonni). The information was always presented in a way catered to life sciences (crazy). The lectures not presented in class, but expected to be watched beforehand. I did not go to lecture, but watched the lecture videos on my own. That was enough understanding to easily pass. There were homework assignments that were due every other week. Start them sooner than later, you’ll need the time! This class was also my introduction to coding in R. I had no experience in any coding beforehand but easily got the hang of it, especially since the professor provided tutorials. It was used for every homework, basically. There were also quizzes that weren’t too difficult. The class was not easy, but it was fun.
ABE 512: Good Regulatory Practices (Keri Clase/Stephen Byrn)
This was the final class I needed to get my Biotechnology minor. It was terrible. The professors were nice, but there was no structure. The lectures were about regulatory science and dealt a lot with information from the FDA. The course went over the good and required practices required for the creation, testing, passing, and distribution of medical equipment and/or drugs. Every small detail and information that was not in lectures was required to be known. There were quizzes and assignments that all got turned in through Gradescope. The quizzes are where random information was expected to be known. The assignments were deliverables which asked some question or inquired about a part of the process and write about them. The final was a final deliverable that had to effectively be a conglomeration of the other deliverables (but not just copying and pasting). The class wasn’t hard, but very poorly set up.
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SENIOR YEAR
CSR 103: Intro to Personal Finance (Wookjae Heo)
I just needed a filler class in my schedule. I figured it could help learn some “real world” stuff that maybe I wasn’t sure about. The class was completely online with provided lecture videos. It was very easy and what would be expected. Topics went from how to manage debt and make sure you can get loans, to being informed about credit cards and insurance. All the information was easy to get through. There were writing assignments to be done basically every week. The professor would have you read a paper that 50/50 he had a part in writing, and answer questions. Some things were interactives that just needed to be completed (regardless of how well). Not a bad class. It will definitely pad your GPA - everything taught should be common knowledge.
MGMT 370: Real Estate Fundamentals (Lindsay Relihan)
This course was quite informative. It was an average level of difficulty. There was a lot of information that went into it - I mean it is a fundamentals class. Topics that were talked about included foundations of real estate, what is real estate, valuation of property, lending, time value of money, multiple financial ratios, and taxation. There were multiple assignments - some writing and others math. The writing was for discussions (5 of them) about certain papers provided or certain book chapters. The math assignments were problem sets to get done for what we had learned. They gave plenty of time to finish them. Beyond that, there was also another case study/competition. For this a company was selected and given potential locations to move to. You had to decide if it was worth it for the company to move locations.
ANSC 345: Animal Health Management (Rod Allrich)
For this class, I just needed to take another ANSC course. This class was practically the same as any other Rod Allrich course. We learned how to keep animals healthy and basically many different common diseases of animals. From his website, we would get brought to a page talking about some disease or medical problem that could potentially happen and have to write a 1-page summary/reflection. This happened each week. He still did in person quizzes with statements of fact. Once again, students had to make videos/presentations for the class to present on some problem. There was no final exam. Did not learn too much from this one, but it was a great space filler and GPA booster.
ANSC 481: Contemporary Issues in ANSC (Barry Delks)
This is essentially the final push for ANSC students. As seniors, you take this course to prepare you for the real world. Lectures were given by guests who the professor brought in. They would talk about their specific company, career, or niche and any issues they were seeing there plus how to stop them. The professor would then have groups get together to discuss ways to fix the problems and have the guest comment on what was said. There were also assignments to be done, but they were very easy. They were just things to make sure you were on track for a job and/or graduation (having a 30-sec intro, making a cover letter, redoing your resumé). Part of the class was also just attending the career fair.
STAT 512: Applied Regression Analysis (Tiantian Qin)
Like my other grad level stat course, I absolutely loved this one, too. This class was a DIST course. This class solely focused on regressions (simple linear and multiple linear regressions). Topics for the course started with the basics (terms of regression like betas, Xs, SSE, SSR, SST, and diagnostics) and moved to more difficult content (lack-of-fit-testing, global f-testing, transformations, ANOVA, marginal effect, coefficient of partial determination, multicollinearity, and more). I found the content interesting and it was fun to learn about. Nothing was too difficult and could always be asked about through office hours. There were homework assignments that corresponded with the lectures that were due every other week. Again, take the time. The course also used R coding for everything that was done. The course also had a couple exams to do. But the biggest thing was the regression project. This required a group of students to get together, find a set of data, and use it to form a regression analysis. There was a lot of coding involved, but it was fun parsing through and wrangling data.
MGMT 375: Real Estate Law (Cecelia Harper)
This course has been super personal and fun to take. This is one of my last courses for the Real Estate minor and I am glad to have taken it. The course goes over any and all laws that relate to real estate in some way. The course talked about property rights, subsurface rights, common laws, easements on land, financing/lending, prenuptial agreements and other contracts. Most grades come from exams, though. There were 3 during the semester plus the final. All exams (except the final) were open note and book. The final we were allowed a 1-page cheat sheet that was front and back. The only grades that did not come from exams were from the contracts we drafted. You create your own lease agreement and purchase agreement, then pair with someone to mesh them together for a new one of each. I think the course is particularly made tho by the professor. She is a practicing real estate lawyer who knows what she is talking about. She would set it up so the class was very personal and we each asked her questions. It was interesting because she could have stories about clients to connect things from class. She would always entertain questions. There was no extra credit, except for when she would randomly do attendance. The course structure could be changing quite a bit now, tho.
MGMT 43901: Real Estate Investment & Development (Michael Eriksen)
The other last course for my real estate minor. This class was a step away from what I thought it was going to be. This course is geared toward commercial development and the business side, as I felt. There was nothing really said about personal/residential property. The course topics included an overview of real estate, ways/types of investment, estimation of cash flows for commercial real estate and finance terms associated, providing loans/financing, the roles of a developer, and taxes. The course didn’t have many plain assignments. These were Excel files with attached questions and instructions. If you could follow the instructions you did well, plus the assignments built on each other, except the last one - this one used ARGUS software. The majority of the work was spent on a case competition (go figure lol). Students were put into groups to select a plot of land to develop for some commercial purpose and provide the financials, timeline, and reasoning for the decision. There were several required tasks to be done for this assignment, plus a presentation at the end. There was no final exam, but there were 2 midterms. You could use an excel sheet with notes throughout, tho. The professor was good. He catered to his students and asked questions about how we thought the class was going. A good class to take.
BCHM 421: R For Molecular Biosciences (Pete Pascuzzi)
I took this class because my previous classes had made me really like working in R. I took the class to continue on with that. If you do not have a basic understanding of R, it may be a slight learning curve. The class only met on Wednesday and Friday for 2 hours. There wasn’t a lecture every class, but there was usually some work to be done. All assignments were done through R and could typically be finished in the class period. If this wasn’t possible, it could usually be finished the next class. The class just showed different things in R, from graphics and data wrangling to how to process gene ontology. There were homeworks and labs, with labs being more involved. There was a midterm that was open resource and a project. The project was done at the very end with groups who put together code from previous lectures/labs to create an RShiny document. The class did have a final, again open resource, but any graduating seniors did not have to take the final. There was an opportunity for extra credit by creating an R notebook for all your notes for functions and lines of code. The professor was also nice, helpful, and willing to put in effort to match you.
ANSC 351: Meat Science (Yuan Kim)
This class is basically just biology plus some extra info for meat processing. If you have taken muscle biology (or just bio) you will do well. The class does have some busy work, tho. The first part of the class was solely muscle biology. After this, the class went into meat quality (including analysis, factors affecting quality, etc.), parts of production (packaging, freezing, heating), slaughter and that process, then into meat safety. The content was interesting to learn and easy to take in. The class did have several assignments. After every class was a lecture quiz, each week there was a reflection, and every so often there was a case study. Case studies involved reading a case and providing a response to address the cause of a problem and fix it. The whole semester, there was a project involving some topic in meat science (novel tech, meat in diet, lab-grown meat, alternatives, etc.). Groups got together at the beginning of the semester to make a decision on the topic. Then, throughout the semester, groups met with TAs, wrote drafts of a paper, critiqued other student papers, and made a presentation to show the class. Throughout the semester, you have to work 2 shifts at the butcher block or write a giant essay on a book, too. The class also required 4 exams and a final. If you showed up to every class, you were able to skip the final. Dr. Kim loves the topic and wants you to learn, but most of the grading will be done by TAs.

I'm having a hard time choosing a magnesium supplement and am looking for one. Last one I tried is from NOW and their tablet size is big (Same as NAC - N-acetyl cysteine tablets) but if you place them in water, they take a long time to dissolve. I had it stuck on my throat for 5 hours and even went to the ER for fear of pill aspiration, luckily it went down to my stomach and not my lungs. Threw the entire bottle away and considered heavily Amazon reviews ever since.
Magnesium glycinate or Magnesium citrate recommendations would do. I don't really need the 400 mg ones, I could go for the 240 mgs if that is necessary so that the pill size isn't too large.
I would go for Solaray's Magnesium Glycinate, but what's stopping me is that my country has this on its no approved list FDA. They're not registered, but I have some other Solaray supplements and so far they check out.
Solgar's Magnesium Citrate has Titanium Dioxide. Idk why they'd put that. Edit: Saw a review of Dr. Mandell on another brand of Magnesium, disapproving it. I was thinking of Nature's Bounty, but from past anecdotes in this sub they don't recommend the brand itself or that they cheated with fake reviews at one time.

So there's a lot of buzz around various honey-based male enhancement products, such as Honey Pack for Men, Royal Honey VIP, and Elite Royal Honey, among others. These products are marketed with claims of natural benefits, but I've come across some concerning information regarding hidden ingredients and health warnings from FDA.
So while reviewing all these male performance products, I am more in the favor of Performer8 , Vigrx Plus and Love Bites gummies due to their potent formulations and higher concentrations of key ingredients.
This contrasts with the more commonly found honey packets and gummies, which tend to contain lesser quantities of these crucial "magic" components that are primarily responsible for their effectiveness.
For example, Royal Honey Vip has like 200mg of Panax ginseng per sachet, while Performer8 has 6000mg in each pill.
We have this article on the top sex gummies and pills for men shared here; it should be a good resource for feedback in navigating the vast array of options available for enhancing male performance.
FDA also issued a public notification about a product called "X-Rated Honey for Men", which was found to contain hidden drug ingredients not listed on the label. Typically, Cialis (tadalafil), Viagra (sildenafil) seems to be hidden in these kinds of products.
Similarly, an article on Hone Health discusses the hidden dangers of Royal Honey for Him, highlighting undisclosed substances that could pose serious health risks.
On the flip side, there are experts like the New Zealand Honey Company that discuss the potential benefits of Manuka honey for sexual health, albeit in a more general and natural context, and with long-term benefits as expectations and goals, without the promise of immediate enhancement effects.
Given the mixed messages and potential risks, it would be overall good to hear real reviews or testimonials from the community:-

1. Personal Experiences: Has anyone here tried these honey-based enhancement products? What was your experience like, and did you notice any benefits or side effects?
   
2. Opinions on Safety: How do you feel about the use of such products, knowing there might be hidden or undisclosed ingredients in them? Have any of you decided against using them for these reasons?
   
3. Alternatives and Recommendations: For those seeking natural supplements for male enhancement or sexual health, do you have any safer alternatives or recommendations that you've found effective?
   Looking for honest feedback and more of the real insights you might have on natural male performance supplements, especially when faced with potentially misleading claims or health risks.
   

HGH-x2 USP : My take on what makes it different?

It''s a decent HGH supplement if you're on the hunt for for cutting or an HGH supplement to help with shedding some extra pounds. What makes HGH-x2 stand out is this unique ingredient it's got - Orange Peel Concentrated 4:1 Extract, or Citrus aurantium (synephrine), sitting at a cool 200 mg.
You don't see this in most HGH supplements. This stuff's got some thermogenic power, helping to elevate your metabolism and melt away some fat. So, besides some lean muscle gains or speeding up recovery; HGH-x2 brings something extra to the table by tackling weight loss head-on. Overall, decent but somewhat overpriced supplement!
If you are seriously into bulking up, I'd recommend HyperGH 14x though, which got some more potent ingredients like Deer antler vevlet, colostrum etc. HGH-x2 seems to be more focused towards cutting and muscle recovery.
Plus, another thing with this product is – you can mix and match it with other CrazyBulk products depending on your goals.

• D-Bal: Decent supplement for improving nitrogen retention and protein synthesis.
• Clenbutrol: Good for cutting phases to turn up the heat on fat burning.
• Trenorol: good for bulking up, trimming down, and getting stronger.
• Anvarol: for that extra oomph for workouts

And if you're all about getting lean muscles with shredded look, throwing HGH-x2 into the CrazyBulk Cutting Stack (which has Anvarol, Clenbutrol, and Winsol) might amp up the results.

Introduction

You know, there's been a lot of buzz around alternatives to steroids, and with the fitness industry booming, everyone's on the lookout for that extra edge.
That's where CrazyBulk comes into the picture, claiming their spot with legal steroid alternatives. Now, HGH-x2 has been getting some attention as a product that stands out in their lineup.

Overview of CrazyBulk

What Is CrazyBulk?
In a nutshell, CrazyBulk positions itself as the go-to for those of us looking for legal steroid alternatives. They're all about offering products that mimic the effects of real steroids, minus the nasty side effects. At least, that's the pitch.
Their product range spans everything from muscle gain to fat loss, promising quick results without the legal trouble or health risks.
CrazyBulk draws you in with the allure of 100% natural ingredients, boasting FDA-approved manufacturing processes.
But here's my beef with it — "natural" doesn't always mean effective, and "FDA-approved manufacturing" isn't the same as FDA-approved products. The fitness world is rife with "miracle" supplements, yet the real results often fall short of the advertisements. And while free shipping is nice, I'm more interested in what's actually in the bottle.
CrazyBulk tries to set itself apart with a safer, legal approach to bodybuilding supplementation. But if you're diving into this world, asking for more than just marketing buzzwords is crucial.
The real question is, do these products deliver on their lofty promises, or are they just another drop in the ocean of fitness fads?

Comparing CrazyBulk HGH-x2 with Other Products

Alright, let's get into the nitty-gritty of CrazyBulk's products, shall we? There's a bit of a pattern here with CrazyBulk's lineup. They're like a band where every album has its hits, but the style doesn't change much.
From what I've gathered, especially from the reviews on other websites, there's this thread of consistency — natural ingredients, claims of safety, and the legal steroid alternative spiel run through their entire range. They're like a one-trick pony, but the trick is pretty decent: offering a safer, more accessible path to muscle gains and fat loss.
Now, when it comes to HGH-x2, this is where CrazyBulk tries to hit a high note. Unlike its bandmates, HGH-x2 isn't just about pumping up those muscles or shredding fat; it's focusing on cranking up your body's production of human growth hormone.

User Experiences and Testimonials

Moving on to what people are actually saying about HGH-x2 and its CrazyBulk peers — let's just say it's a mixed bag. Scrolling through forums and reviews, you'll find everything from rave reviews to some folks feeling downright duped.
Some users swear by the gains and improved recovery times they've experienced with HGH-x2, touting it as a game-changer. Then there are those who've tried it, expecting to wake up looking like Hercules, only to find themselves checking the mirror to see if anything's changed.
It's a similar story with other CrazyBulk products. For every person claiming they've found the holy grail of supplements, there's another wondering if they just bought expensive pee. The consensus? While some folks genuinely believe these supplements have given them an edge, others reckon the real gains come from the blood, sweat, and tears they're putting into their workouts, not what's in these bottles.
The bottom line here seems to be about managing expectations. It's all about the grind, folks. Supplements might help, but there's no substitute for hard work, a solid diet, and, let's not forget, a decent night's sleep for spike in HGH levels.

My thorough evaluation of CrazyBulk HGH-x2

Anti-Aging Benefits: 3/5
The combination of vitamins, especially Vitamin C, along with minerals like Zinc and Copper, provides a decent foundation for combating oxidative stress, a key factor in aging. However, the specific dosage of ingredients like L-Arginine and L-Glutamine, while beneficial for overall health, may not directly translate to significant anti-aging effects as seen in more targeted anti-aging treatments. The formulation supports general wellness, which can indirectly influence aging processes, but it lacks direct, high-impact anti-aging compounds.
Fitness, Athletic and Muscle-building Benefits: 3.5/5
For muscle building and athletic performance, HGH-x2 seems better poised. Ingredients like L-Arginine, known for its role in protein synthesis and muscle growth, and L-Glutamine, crucial for recovery and immune function, are present in substantial dosages. The addition of L-Lysine and L-Ornithine can further support growth hormone production, enhancing muscle growth and athletic performance. The dosages are solid, making it effective for fitness enthusiasts looking for a natural boost. I'd chose HyperGH 14x (better formula) or Force Factor Prime HGH (more cost effective) over HGH-x2 when it comes to muscle gains & recovery benefits.
Recovery and Rehabilitation: 3.5/5
The supplement's high dosages of amino acids such as L-Glutamine and L-Glycine play pivotal roles in recovery processes. L-Glutamine, for instance, is essential for the repair and growth of muscle tissue post-exercise, while L-Glycine is involved in the synthesis of creatine, which can help with muscle recovery and energy replenishment. The presence of Chromium might also aid in muscle recovery by improving glucose and nutrient transport to muscle cells, enhancing the recovery process. This combination of ingredients makes HGH-x2 quite effective for recovery and rehabilitation purposes.
Energy and Vitality Benefits: 3/5
The presence of B vitamins, particularly Vitamin B6, alongside minerals like Zinc and Chromium, contributes to the body's energy metabolism, potentially offering a modest boost in energy and vitality. However, while ingredients like L-Arginine and L-Tyrosine may indirectly support energy levels through improved blood flow and thyroid function, the specific dosages, though significant, might not offer a dramatic increase in energy levels for all users. The formula supports sustained energy release but may not match the immediate impact of more direct energy-enhancing supplements. Consider Nugenix Total-T or GH Boost.
Cognitive Function/Brain Health Improvement: 3/5
Choline, included at 40 mg (7% DV), is a nutrient pivotal for brain health, involved in neurotransmitter synthesis and cell membrane integrity. However, the dosage is on the lower end for cognitive enhancement purposes. Vitamins C and B6, along with minerals like Zinc and Manganese, support overall brain health and are linked to reduced oxidative stress and improved neurotransmitter function. Yet, without more potent nootropic ingredients or higher dosages of choline, the formula offers moderate support for cognitive functions, potentially improving overall brain health but not significantly enhancing cognitive performance.
Libido and Sexual Health Benefits: 2/5
While some ingredients in HGH-x2, like L-Arginine, are known to support blood flow, which can indirectly benefit sexual health, the formula lacks specific nutrients or herbs directly associated with libido enhancement, such as Maca or Tribulus Terrestris. The dosages of ingredients like Zinc (10 mg, 91% DV) are beneficial for testosterone production, which plays a role in sexual health. However, the overall composition and dosages are more tailored towards fitness and recovery, with minimal direct impact on libido and sexual health. This makes the supplement less effective for those specifically seeking libido and sexual health improvements.
Sleep Quality Optimization & Stress Control: 2.5/5
While ingredients such as L-Glutamine and L-Glycine have roles in overall wellness and can indirectly affect sleep quality and stress through improved general health and muscle recovery, the formula lacks specific compounds known for their direct effects on sleep and stress management, like magnesium or herbal extracts such as ashwagandha.

As an HGH supplement, it should NOT have missed GABA!

The dosages of the present ingredients, although supportive of general health, do not directly target the mechanisms involved in sleep regulation or stress response, making HGH-x2 less effective for those specifically seeking improvement in sleep quality and stress control.
Health and Longevity: 3/5
The supplement's diverse array of vitamins, minerals, and amino acids supports overall health, which can contribute to longevity. Ingredients like Vitamin C and Zinc are crucial for immune function, while the amino acids support muscle health and recovery, indirectly affecting longevity through the maintenance of physical health. However, without ingredients specifically known for anti-aging or longevity benefits, such as antioxidants with higher potency or compounds directly linked to longevity pathways (e.g., resveratrol), the formula provides a general support to health rather than a focused approach to extending lifespan or significantly impacting age-related biomarkers.
Weight Management Benefits: 3.5/5
HGH-x2 contains components that indirectly support weight management, such as Chromium and Synephrine, which can aid in metabolizing macronutrients and maintaining blood glucose levels, and L-Arginine, which may enhance fat metabolism through its effects on nitric oxide production and improved blood flow. However, the formula lacks direct fat-burning ingredients like green tea extract or caffeine that are commonly found in dedicated weight management supplements. While the amino acids may support muscle mass, which in turn can help with weight management by improving metabolic rate, the supplement's overall effectiveness for weight loss or fat reduction is moderate, better serving as a complement to a balanced diet and exercise regimen rather than a primary weight management solution.

Who should try HGH-x2? Who is the ideal candidate?

Based on the evaluation, HGH-x2 users are most likely to experience benefits in fitness, weight loss, those undergoing cutting and shredding phases, athletic performance, and muscle-building, as well as recovery and rehabilitation.
The formulation, rich in amino acids like L-Arginine, L-Glutamine, and L-Glycine, is tailored to support the synthesis of human growth hormone, which plays a crucial role in muscle growth and recovery processes.
Overall, a good supplement for weight loss/cutting and decent for muscle recovery & gains.

Ideal Users or Use Cases for HGH-x2:

• Those seeking an HGH supplement for weight loss
• Those looking for bulking or cutting stacks (The product can be a part of those CrazyBulk stacks)
• Fitness Enthusiasts and Bodybuilders: If you are dedicated to gaining muscle mass and looking for a natural boost in your workout results, HGH-x2’s amino acid profile is designed to support muscle growth and strength.
• Athletes Focusing on Recovery: If quick recovery after intense training sessions is what you're after, the high dosage of L-Glutamine and L-Glycine in HGH-x2 can aid in muscle repair and reduce recovery times.
• Individuals Starting their Fitness Journey: For those new to fitness and seeking a supplement to complement their routine, HGH-x2 provides a foundation for muscle building and overall health improvement without the harsh side effects of synthetic hormones.
• People Looking to Maintain Muscle Mass: If you're focused on maintaining muscle mass with age, HGH-x2 can support this goal through its support of human growth hormone production.

Potential Alternatives:

• For Enhanced Energy and Vitality: If boosting your energy levels is a priority, consider supplements with a higher concentration of B vitamins and ingredients like caffeine or green tea extract for a more immediate effect.
• For Improved Sleep Quality and Stress Management: Look into supplements that contain magnesium, ashwagandha, or L-theanine, known for their direct benefits on sleep and stress reduction.
• For Weight Management: Supplements that include green tea extract, CLA (Conjugated Linoleic Acid), or natural thermogenics might offer more direct support for fat loss and appetite control.
• For Anti-Aging and Longevity: Products rich in antioxidants, such as resveratrol or CoQ10, and those targeting specific longevity pathways may provide more focused anti-aging benefits.

HGH-x2 serves well for those primarily focused on muscle building and recovery, making it a suitable option within those contexts. However, for goals beyond these areas, exploring specialized supplements might yield better-targeted results.

Addressing Concerns: Side Effects and Considerations

When it comes to bulking up or getting shredded, the last thing you want is to end up with a laundry list of side effects, right? That's the pitch for HGH-x2: all the gains, none of the pains. CrazyBulk waves the flag of safety with its all-natural lineup, suggesting that their products, including HGH-x2, are a smoother ride compared to the rollercoaster of traditional steroids. But let's not sugarcoat it — even natural supplements can kick you where it hurts if you're not careful.
From what I've seen, side effects with HGH-x2 are more "iffy" than "oh no!" Think minor nuisances rather than major alarms. But, and it's a big but, that doesn't mean you can go wild. Sticking to the recommended dose is your best bet for keeping any unwanted guest appearances by side effects to a minimum. The idea here is that while you're less likely to turn into a hormonal rage monster or sprout unwanted hair in weird places, you still gotta respect the guidelines. Just because it's natural doesn't mean it's a free-for-all.

Purchasing Guide: Where and How to Buy HGH-x2

Alright, so you're thinking of giving HGH-x2 a whirl? Here's the deal: steer clear of shady deals and sketchy websites. The golden rule? Buy straight from the CrazyBulk official website. Why play detective trying to sniff out a bargain when you can get the real deal, no fuss, no muss?
The Austin Chronicle review shines a light on this, too — buying direct not only nets you the genuine article but also hooks you up with any deals or discounts CrazyBulk is running. Plus, there's the peace of mind knowing you're not getting scammed with some knock-off that's about as effective as a sugar pill.
And here's a pro tip: keep an eye out for bundles or stacks. If you're going all in on your fitness journey, grabbing a bundle can save you some cash and give you a full arsenal of supplements to kickstart your gains. Just remember, the path from zero to hero is a marathon, not a sprint. Supplements like HGH-x2 can be a part of your journey, but they're not the whole map.

HGH-x2 vs Nugenix GH Boost

HGH-x2 features a balanced mix of vitamins, minerals, and amino acids like L-Arginine, L-Glutamine, and L-Glycine, focusing on supporting overall fitness and muscle recovery. Its dosages are designed to bolster health and facilitate muscle growth indirectly by supporting natural HGH production.
Nugenix GH Boost, on the other hand, packs higher dosages of amino acids such as GABA (3000mg) and L-Glutamine (2000mg), specifically targeting the natural increase of HGH levels. It includes unique ingredients like Mucuna Pruriens Extract and Alpha GPC (A-GPC), which are not found in HGH-x2, aiming to enhance cognitive functions and potentially boost HGH through neurotransmitter support.
For bodybuilding purposes, Nugenix GH Boost might edge out slightly due to its high dosages of key amino acids and the inclusion of GABA, known for its direct impact on HGH levels, which are crucial for muscle growth and recovery. However, HGH-x2's balanced approach with vitamins and minerals could offer a broader spectrum of health benefits, making it a well-rounded choice. Ultimately, the choice between the two would depend on whether the user prioritizes direct HGH stimulation (Nugenix GH Boost) or a more holistic supplement that supports overall health along with muscle growth (HGH-x2).

HGH-x2 vs RevSci Regains MAX HGH

RevSci Regains MAX HGH packs higher doses of amino acids directly linked to HGH production, such as L-Glutamine (2,000 mg), L-Arginine (1,500 mg), and includes unique ingredients like Melatonin (0.5 mg) and Mucuna Pruriens (250 mg), which are not found in HGH-x2. These components are specifically chosen for their roles in enhancing muscle recovery, growth, and overall HGH levels, making Regains MAX HGH potentially more potent for bodybuilding purposes due to its focused approach on maximizing HGH release and muscle recovery.
HGH-x2, while still incorporating key amino acids like L-Arginine and L-Glutamine at lower dosages, also includes a broader spectrum of vitamins and minerals. This suggests a more holistic approach, aiming not just for HGH stimulation but overall health and well-being, which are crucial for long-term fitness and bodybuilding success.
For bodybuilders specifically looking for the most direct and potent support in HGH production and muscle growth, RevSci Regains MAX HGH might be the better option due to its higher concentrations of key amino acids and the inclusion of other HGH-boosting compounds like Melatonin and Mucuna Pruriens. However, those seeking a balanced supplement that supports broader health aspects alongside HGH production might find HGH-x2 to be more aligned with their needs.

HGH-x2 vs HyperGH 14x

HyperGH 14x incorporates a broader spectrum of ingredients specifically chosen for their roles in directly stimulating HGH production, such as Anterior Pituitary Powder and Deer Antler Velvet, which are absent in HGH-x2. Additionally, HyperGH 14x features unique ingredients like Tribulus Terrestris and Astragalus Root Extract, aiming to support testosterone levels and immune function, respectively, further contributing to a holistic bodybuilding support system.
Both supplements provide key amino acids like L-Arginine and L-Glutamine in similar dosages, emphasizing their importance in HGH production.
However, HyperGH 14x's inclusion of Deer antler velvet, GABA and Colostrum, alongside a more diverse array of amino acids, positions it as potentially more effective for bodybuilding purposes. It targets not just muscle growth and recovery but also the optimization of HGH release during critical periods such as sleep.
For bodybuilders seeking a comprehensive supplement that addresses multiple aspects of HGH production and muscle development, HyperGH 14x might offer a slight edge due to its targeted and diverse ingredients. However, HGH-x2 remains a solid choice for those focusing on core vitamins and minerals alongside essential amino acids for muscle growth and overall health.

I recently embarked on a mission to boost my energy levels and support my fitness goals. As someone who prioritises a healthy lifestyle but feels the occasional dip in motivation, I decided to try Primegenix Testodren, a testosterone booster marketed towards enhancing stamina, endurance, and muscle building. Here's my experience after using it for a consistent period.
Transparent Label, Easy Consumption
One of the first things that impressed me about Primegenix Testodren was the clear and concise ingredient label. It showcases a blend of natural ingredients like fenugreek seed extract and Tribulus Terrestris, which are known to potentially influence testosterone levels. The capsules themselves are easy to swallow and haven't caused any digestive discomfort during my use.
A Gradual Shift, Not an Overnight Miracle The product information suggests noticeable results within a few weeks. While I wouldn't say there was a dramatic overnight change, I did experience a gradual shift in energy levels after about a month of consistent use. The afternoon slump that often plagued me started to lessen, and I found myself tackling tasks with a bit more vigour. Strength Gains? Not Quite There Yet
When it comes to the promised benefit of muscle building and strength gains, the results were less substantial. While my workout routine remained consistent, I haven't observed any significant increase in strength or faster muscle development. It's important to remember that individual results may vary, and a well-structured exercise plan combined with a balanced diet is likely still the key factor in achieving those goals.
A Pricey Consideration and Room for Improvement One of the drawbacks of Primegenix Testodren is the price point. Compared to other similar supplements on the market, it sits on the pricier end. Additionally, the lack of third-party lab testing on the product raises some questions about the consistency and potency of the ingredients. More transparency in this area would be beneficial for potential customers.
So, Does Primegenix Testodren Deliver?
Overall, Primegenix Testodren offered a modest boost in energy levels, which was a welcome addition to my routine. However, the impact on strength gains was negligible, and the price tag feels a bit steep considering the lack of definitive results. If you're looking for a natural supplement to nudge your energy levels in the right direction, Primegenix Testodren might be worth a try, but manage your expectations and keep in mind there might be more cost-effective options available. It's also crucial to discuss any supplement use with your doctor before incorporating it into your routine.

Introduction

If you're intrigued by the idea of natural remedies for enhancing health and wellness, you might have come across honey as a potential booster for male enhancement. This golden nectar, produced by the tireless efforts of bees, has been revered through ages not just for its sweet taste but for its myriad health benefits. From ancient civilizations to modern times, honey has been a staple in the quest for natural wellness solutions.
But beyond its use in teas and as a natural sweetener, there's a buzz around honey's role in sexual health and male enhancement.
If you're curious to dive deeper into this sweet topic, stick around. We're going to explore the historical roots of honey's reputation and sift through the scientific evidence to see if it really holds up as a natural enhancer in the bedroom.

The Allure of Honey in Sexual Health

The Historical Perspective

For centuries, honey has been something of a liquid gold when it comes to promoting health and wellness, especially in the domain of sexual health and fertility. If you're wondering how far back this goes, think about the ancient Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans.
They didn't just use honey to sweeten their foods; they believed it was a potent aid for love and fertility. In fact, the term "honeymoon" is said to have originated from the ancient tradition of consuming honey wine for a month (moon) after a wedding to encourage love and fertility.
Imagine that—ancient couples were onto the idea of honey as an aphrodisiac long before we started debating its benefits on online forums!
Fast forward to other cultures around the globe, and you'll find that honey has been consistently sprinkled throughout love potions and fertility rituals. Whether it was mixed with herbs to create concoctions believed to boost virility or used in ceremonies to bless couples with a fruitful union, honey's role in enhancing sexual health is deeply rooted in human history.
So, if you're dabbling in natural remedies to spice things up, you're treading a path that's as old as civilization itself.

The Scientific Viewpoint

Now, let's get down to the nitty-gritty—what does science say about honey and male enhancement? If you're hoping for a definitive, slam-dunk answer, you might be a bit disappointed. The truth is, scientific research on honey's direct effects on sexual performance and male enhancement is, well, a bit sticky.
While honey is packed with antioxidants and nutrients that can support overall health, the leap to bedroom benefits isn't as clear-cut. Some studies suggest that the antioxidants in honey might help with sperm quality, and its natural sugars can boost energy levels, which could indirectly affect stamina and performance.
However, when it comes to hard evidence (pun intended) that honey can directly improve sexual performance or significantly boost libido, the research is still in the early stages.
That said, the lack of solid evidence doesn't mean honey has no place in your wellness routine. Its overall health benefits are well-documented, from its antibacterial properties to its role in wound healing and cough suppression.
As for its effects on sexual health, it might not be a magic elixir, but incorporating it into a healthy lifestyle could still have some sweet benefits. So, if you're exploring natural ways to enhance your love life, honey might be worth a try—just don't expect it to work miracles overnight.

Real Health Benefits of Honey

To share some cool things I've learned about honey and its potential benefits beyond just being a sweet treat:

• Boosting Fertility: I've read that honey could help with fertility issues. Its antioxidants may reduce oxidative stress, which is good news for reproductive health. Plus, there's some talk about honey helping prevent vaginal and uterine atrophy, tackling some infertility problems.
• Influencing Hormones: Some of the latest studies suggest that honey can affect sex hormone functions, including those all-important ones like testosterone and estrogen. Pretty fascinating, right?

And here are some quick honey facts that caught my eye:

• Fighting Bacteria: Honey's got antibacterial properties, making it a natural fighter against certain bacteria. (source: fdc.nal.usda.gov)
• Antioxidant Powerhouse: It's packed with antioxidants, helping shield our body from free radicals. (source: fdc.nal.usda.gov)
• Gut Health Hero: Honey positively affects gut health by encouraging the growth of good bacteria. (source: fdc.nal.usda.gov)
• Healing Wounds: Traditionally used in wound healing, honey's antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties come in handy. (source: fdc.nal.usda.gov)
• Sleep Enhancer: Having trouble sleeping? Honey might improve sleep quality and help you relax if you have it before bed. (source: fdc.nal.usda.gov)

Thought it was worth sharing these tidbits with you guys. Honey seems like a pretty versatile natural product, not just for your tea or toast!

How come Honey sex pills or gummies have so many positive reviews?

The Royal Honey product, specifically the "Royal Honey - Starter Pack - (3 Sachets)" available on the official Royal Honey VIP website, lists its ingredients as honey, royal jelly, bee pollen, Panax ginseng, Tribulus terrestris, maca, and Tongkat Ali.
These ingredients are known for their potential health benefits, including energy-boosting and libido-enhancing properties. The product is marketed as a natural way to stimulate blood flow, enhance performance, and naturally increase libido.
Given the nature of these ingredients, they could contribute to the positive reviews regarding erection, libido, and sex without necessarily indicating the presence of hidden, illegal, or pharmaceutical ingredients. Here is some discussion on feedback from users of these products - like Royal honey vip.
However, the effectiveness of such supplements can vary widely among individuals, and the claims made by the company are not verified by independent scientific research.
It's important to remember that the supplement industry is subject to less stringent regulations than pharmaceuticals, meaning products can sometimes make broad health claims with limited oversight.

The genuine positive reviews could be attributed to the placebo effect, individual differences in response to the supplement, or the actual effectiveness of the natural ingredients listed. And they can also be because of hidden ingredients like sildenafil, tadalifil.

The concern about hidden ingredients is valid, especially in the context of the FDA's warnings regarding other honey-based sexual enhancement products. Some products on the market have been found to illegally contain prescription drug ingredients, which could pose serious health risks.

Unveiling the Truth: FDA Warnings on Honey-based Supplements

Well, before you get too excited about honey male enhancement supplements, let's talk about a less sweet side of these supplements that's been flagged by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration).
The FDA, the guys who make sure our food and medicine are safe, have sent out warnings about some of these honey-based sexual supplements. Why? Because they've found that a bunch of them may not be as "natural" as they claim to be.
Instead of just honey and herbal goodness, some contain hidden ingredients like tadalafil and sildenafil—yes, the same stuff you'd find in Cialis and Viagra, which are prescription drugs used to treat erectile dysfunction.
Now, you might be thinking, "What's the big deal? If it works, it works, right?" Well, not exactly. The problem is, these ingredients can be pretty risky if you're not aware you're taking them.
For starters, they can interact in dangerous ways with other medications, especially nitrates, which some folks take for heart conditions. This combo can lead to a serious drop in blood pressure, which is as scary as it sounds.
Plus, if you have certain health issues like diabetes, high cholesterol, or heart disease, these hidden drugs can put you at even greater risk.
And it's not just about the potential physical side effects. There's a trust issue here, too. These products are breaking the rules by not listing all their ingredients, leaving you in the dark about what you're really putting into your body.
That's a big no-no in the world of supplements, where transparency is key to making informed choices about your health.
The FDA's warnings were aimed at several companies selling these honey-based products under names that might make you blush but also make you think they're just innocent, natural remedies.
The reality, as the FDA's lab tests revealed, is that these supplements are anything but simple. By slipping in prescription drugs, these products cross the line from "supplement" to "unapproved and potentially dangerous medication."
If you're sitting there, supplement in hand, wondering what to do next, here's the deal: it's all about making informed choices. The allure of a natural boost is strong, but when it comes to your health, particularly your sexual health, it's crucial to know exactly what you're dealing with.
The FDA's findings remind us that not all supplements are created equal, and some come with risks that outweigh the promised rewards.
So, if you're looking for ways to enhance your performance or boost your libido, consider this a gentle nudge to look beyond the sweet promises of honey-based supplements.
There are safer, more transparent options out there, including lifestyle changes and treatments approved by actual doctors. And if you're ever in doubt, remember: when it comes to what you put in your body, it's better to be safe than sorry. Let's keep the bedroom adventures risk-free, shall we?

Debunking Myths: Does Honey Really Improve Sexual Performance?

The internet is a wild place, filled with claims that this sweet treat can do everything from boosting your libido to making you last longer in bed. But before you start adding honey to your shopping list (or your bedroom routine), let's sift through these claims with a critical eye.
First off, honey is undeniably packed with goodness. It's got antioxidants, minerals, and vitamins that are great for your overall health. Some say that because it's so nutritious, it must be good for your sexual health too, right?
Well, it's not that straightforward. When it comes to improving sexual performance, lasting longer in bed, or playing a role in male fertility, the scientific backing is, quite frankly, a bit thin.
Here's the deal: while honey has been celebrated for centuries for its health benefits, including its use in traditional love potions and fertility rites, modern science hasn't quite caught up with these ancient beliefs. Sure, there are studies that hint at honey's potential benefits for sexual health—like its antioxidant properties possibly improving sperm quality. But we're talking hints, not conclusive evidence.

The leap from "it might help" to "it will turbocharge your sex life" is a big one, and science isn't there yet.

This brings us to the limitations and controversies of the research on honey's impact on bedroom performance. For starters, a lot of the studies are small-scale or not well-designed, which makes their findings less reliable.
Plus, sexual health is influenced by a boatload of factors, including physical health, emotional well-being, and relationship dynamics. To pin down honey as the magic bullet for sexual performance oversimplifies a complex issue.
Moreover, there's a bit of a placebo effect to consider. If you believe that honey will make you a superstar in bed, you might feel more confident and less anxious, which in itself can improve your performance. But that's not the honey working; that's your mind doing the heavy lifting.
Now, let's talk about the controversies. With the rise of honey-based sexual supplements, some of which have been flagged by the FDA for containing hidden pharmaceuticals, it's clear that the waters are muddied.
It's one thing to enjoy honey for its health benefits; it's another to rely on it (or products claiming to contain it) for significant improvements in sexual performance.
All-in-all, while honey is a fantastic natural product with numerous health benefits, its reputation as a sexual performance enhancer should be taken with a grain of salt—or a spoonful of honey, if you will. The evidence supporting its role in improving sexual performance, extending stamina, or boosting male fertility is not strong enough to make it a go-to solution.
So, if you're looking to sweeten up your love life, by all means, enjoy honey in your diet. Just remember that when it comes to sexual health, there's no magic remedy.
A balanced diet, a healthy lifestyle, and open communication with your partner are your best bets for a fulfilling sexual relationship.

Safe Alternatives to Honey Male enhancement pills: Evidence-based Libido-Boosting Foods and Supplements

Let's pivot to some alternatives that are not only safer but also backed by a bit more evidence. I'm here to chat about natural aphrodisiacs and foods that could give you that extra spark, all without the mystery of what's really in your supplement.

1. Maca Root - The Energizing Peruvian Secret

First up, let's talk about Maca root. This Peruvian wonder isn't just a trendy superfood; it's been used for centuries to boost energy and libido. Unlike the iffy claims around honey products, Maca has some science backing its prowess in enhancing sexual desire and performance. I've added it to my smoothies, and let me tell you, it's not just the energy kick that's noticeable.

2. Oysters - The Classic Aphrodisiac

Oysters have been the poster child for natural aphrodisiacs, and for good reason. They're loaded with zinc, essential for testosterone production and overall sexual health. If you're looking to boost your libido the old-fashioned way, a plate of oysters might just be your ticket. Just make sure you like the taste first!

3. Dark Chocolate - The Sweet Indulgence

Before you get too excited, I'm not saying to binge on chocolate bars. However, dark chocolate, in moderation, can increase serotonin levels, enhancing mood and possibly your desire, too. It's a more delicious and definitely safer bet than venturing into unknown supplements.

4. Ginseng - The Root of Vitality

Ginseng, particularly Korean red ginseng, has been a go-to for enhancing sexual function. Research suggests it can improve erectile dysfunction, which is pretty impressive for a humble root. If you're exploring natural remedies, ginseng tea might be worth sipping on.

5. Watermelon - The Juicy Boost

You might be surprised to see watermelon on this list, but it's rich in L-citrulline, an amino acid that helps improve blood flow, mirroring the effects of those male enhancement products, but in a much safer, tastier form. Perfect for those summer days when you're looking for both a refreshment and a bit of a boost.

Bottomline

If you're eyeing Royal Honey or anything in that ballpark, my advice? Tread lightly, fam. Super important to hit up your doc before diving into any new supplement game, especially if you've got some health quirks or are juggling other meds. Keeps you in the clear and dodges any nasty side-effects or mix-ups with what you're already on. Safety first, folks!
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HyperGH 14X is a revolutionary product that promises to redefine your bodybuilding journey. This all-natural growth hormone (HGH) booster claims to aid in muscle growth, accelerate recovery times, and reduce body fat composition.

What is HyperGH 14X?

HyperGH 14X is a sophisticated, all-natural HGH releasing system designed specifically for bodybuilders. Unlike synthetic HGH injections, this product stimulates your body's natural production of growth hormone using a myriad of potent natural ingredients. Each ingredient serves as a precursor to HGH production, triggering your body to release more HGH naturally.

How does HyperGH 14X work?

The effective functioning of HyperGH 14X is attributed to its advanced dosing mechanism, which optimizes your body's natural HGH releasing rhythms. The product is designed for two-times daily dosing with oral tablets. One dose is recommended before your workout or in the morning, and the second one before bedtime. This strategic dosing complements your body's natural rhythms of HGH release during workouts and sleep.
Order from the HyperGH 14X From official webpage

HyperGH 14X's Impact on Muscle Growth

HyperGH 14X promises exciting results in muscle growth. With regular and committed use, you can expect to see significant muscle growth and fat loss. The product is manufactured in an FDA Compliant, cGMP manufacturing facility, assuring its high quality and safety.

Is HyperGH 14X Legal and Safe?

Yes, HyperGH 14X is a completely legal form of HGH supplementation. It's designed to boost your body's natural release of HGH using a series of all-natural HGH precursors. Unlike steroids, HyperGH 14X poses no risk of side effects.

Ingredients of HyperGH 14X

HyperGH 14X boasts a powerful formulation of 15 potent HGH precursors, including L-Arginine, L-Glutamine, L-Glycine, L-Lysine, L-Tyrosine, and others. Each of these ingredients is known for its unique health benefits and contribution to muscle growth and energy levels.

Delivery System of HyperGH 14X

HyperGH 14X's delivery system is one of its standout features. The product uses an enteric absorption system, which increases ingredient absorption by up to 80-90%. This system protects key ingredients from stomach acid, ensuring their maximum absorption into the bloodstream.
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User Reviews and Feedback

Many users of HyperGH 14X have reported seeing significant results within as little as six weeks. Some even report improvements during their first week of workouts. However, the most impressive results are reportedly seen after six months of committed use.

Money-Back Guarantee

HyperGH 14X comes with a 100% money-back guarantee. If you're not satisfied with the product, you can return it within 67 days for a full refund, excluding shipping charges.

Where to Buy HyperGH 14X?

HyperGH 14X can be purchased directly from the manufacturer's website. The product is shipped worldwide, with free shipping on continental USA orders.

Final Thoughts

In conclusion, HyperGH 14X presents a compelling case as a natural, legal, and effective HGH booster for bodybuilders. Its sophisticated formulation and advanced delivery system set it apart from other HGH supplements in the market. For anyone looking to enhance their bodybuilding results, HyperGH 14X is undoubtedly worth considering.

Disclaimer

The statements in this article have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. HyperGH 14X is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement or exercise program.
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So, this is my review on HGH Surge by Source Naturals.
What really sets it apart for me is this unique ingredient it packs - Huperzine A. This isn't your usual stuff; it's a serious game-changer for blocking those bad vibes that can slow down your body's HGH. And it's not just about this one ingredient; the whole mix is carefully thought out with amino acids and a bunch of other good stuff aimed at cranking up your body's own HGH production. Plus, it doesn't burn a hole in your pocket, at around $31.
It's sitting pretty at #4 on my personal top HGH supplements list.
Currently, I think Genf20 beats this in terms of anti-aging, and HyperGH 14x for bodybuilding & fitness needs.
So, why does HGH even matter? In simple terms, it's like the youth juice running through us, keeping our metabolism fired up, muscles strong, and skin supple. But as we hit certain birthdays, our body's HGH production starts to slow down, which is a total bummer for those of us trying to stay on top of our game.
That's where Source Naturals HGH Surge swoops in. It's not just another pill; it's a smart formula that gets all its ingredients working together to get your body back on its A-game in producing HGH.
Whether you're looking to get more out of your workouts, bounce back faster, sleep better, or just keep your energy levels up, HGH Surge has got your back.
It feels like it's not just about adding something extra to your routine but actually giving your body a solid foundation for keeping that youthful spark.

Who should try HGH Surge? Is it worth a shot?

Ok, so here are the different scenarios.
1). If you're on the hunt for something to kick those aging signs to the curb, you might want to give this a go. It's not just about bumping up your HGH levels; it's also packed with goodies like Niacin and Ginkgo Leaf Extract that are great for your skin and fighting off that oxidative stress. But, if anti-aging is your main game, Genf20 Plus might be a step up, especially with its deer antler velvet magic.
2). For the gym rats and fitness buffs among us, HGH Surge could be your next workout buddy. It's got L-Arginine, L-Citrulline, and L-Ornithine to help with muscle performance and recovery. But if you're all about bodybuilding, HyperGH 14x might lift your game higher, thanks to its deer antler velvet and a hefty mix of amino acids that fuel muscle growth like no other.
3). Looking to shed some pounds? HGH Surge has got Chromium to keep those cravings in check and help manage your blood sugar levels.
4). And for those aiming to boost their brain power, ingredients like DMAE and Huperzine A are there to sharpen your focus and memory. Though, if it's a serious energy or libido boost you're after, alternatives like Provacyl might hit the spot, especially with its track record for enhancing sexual health.
5). For Libido boosting- always on the lookout for something to spice up the romance department, you might find HGH Surge interesting. Beyond its HGH perks, it packs Velvet Bean Extract, a gem that could seriously pep up your mood and libido, thanks to its L-Dopa content. It's a cool option for anyone wanting to boost their sexual health naturally.
But, if you're zeroing in on libido and sexual health, you might want to scope out Provacyl. It's the top dog in the HGH supplement world for those specific needs. And hey, don't overlook the classics like Maca root and Panax ginseng. These are solid standbys for anyone aiming to keep things lively and passionate.
6). Trouble sleeping or feeling stressed out? HGH Surge might help you relax and catch those Zs, thanks to Glycine and 5-HTP. And for anyone looking to bounce back faster after hitting the gym, it's got L-Glutamine and L-Ornithine to aid in recovery.
But it's not just about what HGH Surge can do. It's about finding what fits your needs. Whether it's Genf20 Plus for a youthfulness kick, HyperGH 14x for muscle madness, or Provacyl for that energy and libido boost, there's something out there for everyone. HGH Surge is just one piece of the puzzle in our quest for overall health and vitality.
So, if you're looking to up your health game across the board, HGH Surge might be worth a look.
​

Performance Evaluation

If you're eyeing HGH Surge as your next health supplement, it's got a lot to offer across the board. Just keep in mind that its effectiveness can be as unique as you are. Anyways here is what I think, how it performs-
Anti-Aging Benefits: 4/5 Niacin and Ginkgo Leaf Extract in this blend are fantastic for keeping your skin looking fresh and fighting off the wear and tear of time. But, since we're all a bit different, not everyone might see the fountain of youth effects to the same degree.
Fitness, Athletic and Muscle-building Benefits: 3.5/5 For the gym warriors, HGH Surge is pretty solid with its mix of L-Arginine, L-Citrulline, and L-Ornithine, aiming to pump up your muscles and performance. Though it rocks, it might not hit the peak performance some are after.
Recovery and Rehabilitation: 4/5 After a hard workout, the L-Glutamine and L-Ornithine in this supplement can be real lifesavers for muscle repair. Yet, how quick you bounce back might not be the same for everyone.
Energy and Vitality Benefits: 4/5 Feeling a bit sluggish? The Acetyl L-Carnitine and DMAE here could give you that much-needed energy kick. Keep in mind, your mileage may vary based on your daily grind and overall health.
Cognitive Function/Brain Health Improvement: 4/5 If your brain's been a bit foggy, HGH Surge's got your back with ingredients like DMAE and Huperzine A, sharpening your memory and focus. But, just a heads up, not everyone's brain might get the same level of clarity boost.
Libido and Sexual Health Benefits: 3/5 Looking to add a little extra spark? The Velvet Bean Extract might just be the subtle nudge your libido needs. Though, for those hunting for a major boost, this aspect of HGH Surge might leave you wanting more.
Sleep Quality Optimization & Stress Control: 3.5/5 If you're tossing and turning at night or feeling the weight of stress, HGH Surge could lend a hand with Glycine and 5-HTP aiming to chill you out and improve your z's. Just remember, since we all unwind and snooze differently, it might not be a one-size-fits-all fix.
Health and Longevity: 3.5/5 Packed with antioxidants and nutrients like Chromium and Ginkgo Leaf Extract, HGH Surge takes a swing at keeping you in tip-top shape for the long haul. But, given the myriad of things that affect our health over time, how much it turns back the clock could vary from person to person.
Weight Management Benefits: 3.5/5 Trying to keep those cravings in check and manage your weight? HGH Surge throws Chromium into the mix to help balance blood sugar. Though, it's best seen as part of your wellness toolkit rather than a magic bullet for shedding pounds, as real results come from pairing it with healthy lifestyle choices.

HGH Surge ingredients

• Niacin helps keep your skin looking young and gives you an energy boost.
• Chromium is your friend for weight control and keeping healthy over the years.
• L-Arginine L-Pyroglutamate boosts muscle growth and helps you recover faster after workouts.
• L-Lysine HCl keeps your immune system strong and your brain sharp.
• L-Glutamine is great for recovery and keeping stress at bay, plus it can help you sleep better.
• L-Ornithine HCl helps you work out harder and recover quicker.
• Acetyl L-Carnitine HCI boosts your brain power and keeps your energy up.
• Glycine helps you manage stress and get better sleep, and it's also good for your brain.
• GABA makes you feel more relaxed and improves your sleep, helping with brain health too, all crucial for enhancing HGH levels naturally.
• L-Citrulline gets the blood flowing, which is great for your muscles and your heart.
• DMAE sharpens your focus and can also perk you up.
• Ginkgo Leaf Extract improves your brain function and fights off the effects of aging.
• Velvet Bean Extract boosts your mood and libido and helps keep your energy levels high.
• 5-HTP makes you feel happier, less stressed, and helps you sleep better.
• Huperzine A sharpens your memory and supports brain health over time, blocks somatostatin, the enzyme that diminishes HGH release.

In a nutshell, HGH Surge is like a Swiss Army knife for health, covering everything from keeping you looking young and feeling energized to supporting muscle growth and brain health.

Things to watch out for?

While HGH Surge brings a lot of potential benefits to the table, it's key to be mindful of possible side effects. Some folks might find themselves dealing with nausea, too much drooling, throwing up, muscle twitches, cramps, peeing a lot, or having trouble sleeping.
If any of this sounds familiar while you're using it, it might be your body's way of saying to take it easy or maybe stop using it for a bit. Everyone's body reacts differently to supplements, so what's good for one person might not sit well with another. Always keep an eye on how you're feeling and respond accordingly to make sure your experience with HGH Surge is a safe one.

Pros of HGH Surge

• Wide Range of Health Benefits: Supports everything from skin health and anti-aging to muscle growth, recovery, and brain function.
• Comprehensive Ingredient List: Packed with amino acids, vitamins, and extracts like Niacin, Chromium, and Ginkgo Leaf Extract to boost HGH levels naturally.
• Supports Cognitive Function: Ingredients like DMAE and Huperzine A enhance memory, focus, and overall brain health.
• Aids in Fitness and Recovery: With L-Arginine, L-Citrulline, and L-Glutamine, it's great for improving workout performance and speeding up recovery.
• Energy and Vitality Booster: Acetyl L-Carnitine and other energy-boosting ingredients help increase overall vitality.
• Sleep and Stress Management: Contains Glycine and 5-HTP to promote better sleep quality and stress control.

Cons of HGH Surge

• Individual Results May Vary: Effectiveness can differ greatly among users, with some not experiencing the desired outcomes.
• Potential Side Effects: Some might experience nausea, insomnia, or other side effects, indicating a need to adjust dosage or discontinue use.
• Long-term Commitment Required: Continuous use is necessary to sustain benefits, which could become costly over time.
• Not FDA Approved for Anti-Aging Claims: Like most supplements, it's not strictly regulated by the FDA for its anti-aging benefits.

THIS IS NOT MEDICAL ADVICE
I posted on this forum about two months ago in regards to peptides and CIDP. They are not FDA approved and you have to be careful where you source them from if you think they may help you.
So, I have had CIDP for about two years now and I am 23 years old. In the beginning I had really bad drop foot in my left foot as well several weakness in my right arm. Of course, I jumped through all hurdles including EMG, spinal tap, MRI, CT scans, blood tests, all of it, However, after a year and a half of IVIG, good diet, and exercise, my symptoms include slight weakness in my right arm, slight weakness in my left foot (my big toe will never be the same), sensory problems in both legs, sensory problems in both arms, as well as occasional sensory problems in the right side of my head.
Despite, my symptoms getting better over time and now I’m very high functioning; I still had pretty bad weakness in my right arm and it affected working out a lot, so I wanted to find a solution. I started to research peptides and came across BPC 157 as well as TB 500 and I know I know we can get all sciencey and debate all we want but this is just my experience. The truth is they don’t know a lot about CIDP or peptides and this is just my story. Before taking them I had been on IVIG for over a year, but my right arm could still barely curl 15 lbs while my left could easily do 30. I took BPC 157 orally for 1 month at 1,000 mcg a day and my right arm greatly improved. I didn’t source it very well, but it worked that’s all I know. My arm got better. However because of a drug test coming up with my job and not wanting to take something forever that is at the end of the day a PED. I want to emphasize and don’t let anyone tell you tell you different; they are not a growth hormone. They may play a factor in producing growth hormones (I didn’t see any irregular muscle growth and I am an active gym goer), but they are not HGH or something as crazy as TREN. After stopping the BPC 157, I noticed my arm to begin to lose its regained strength and I was kinda back to square one. However, once this happened I knew there was something there, so I researched TB 500. Eventually I ended up doing 3 injections of 500 micrograms over 3 days. This changed my life. I did this months ago and now my arms is basically just as strong as my left. However, TB 500 can cause autoimmune flare up’s and I did notice this but they eventually went away within I’d say an hour or two. It was scary but my arm hasn’t worked like this for over two years. However, DO YOUR RESEARCH AND YOU HAVE TO WAY THE RISKS YOURE TAKING. THIS IS NOT FDA APPROVED AND COULD BE DANGEROUS. However, the medical system today will not prescribe these to unless you go to a special doctor and spend thousands of dollars. I am just sharing my story and saying that this helped me a lot and once again…
*** THIS IS NOT MEDICAL ADVICE ***
I think the biggest thing tho is exercise and a good diet. Medicine is nice and works but what you eat and how you treat your body MATTERS! Stay healthy and manage your disease! Keep a journal of your symptoms and lean learn learn

Every now and then I see posts on this sub from teenagers seeking advice on how to deal with hair loss (Androgenetic Andropecia / Male Pattern Balding (MPB)). Frequently, users will respond saying that minoxidil is the only remedy available until they turn 18, after which they can (carefully) consider adding finasteride. End of story.
My goal with this post is to provide teenage boys with more actionable guidance on what to do when they notice hair loss.
​
What makes you qualified to speak on this topic?
I'm not. I'm not a medical doctor, biochemist or pharmacist. My only qualifications are having gone through MPB as a teenager myself, and now having a teenage son who's experiencing the same. I've read up on the subject extensively and interacted with multiple specialized pediatric dermatologists. But in the end, I'm still just a rando on the internet.
​
My advice
Get your parents or caregivers on board
Navigating the medical world is complicated enough already, let alone if you're all by yourself. Your parents can provide emotional support and if that's not what you're seeking, they can be a sounding board, helping you figure out a plan, and what to ask the medical professionals you will deal with. They can help you better if they are better informed.
Seek an appointment with a specialized medical professional
Please don't self-medicate. It's important that you rule out other causes of hair loss. This may or may not require blood work or other tests. Even if you have access to meds without a prescription, it's a really bad idea to hop on meds that you don't need - especially considering the need to continue using these meds for years to come.
​
Realize that most medical professionals are clueless on this topic
Most primary care physicians (GPs) do not have experience with teenage MPB. In many countries, they will not even refer you to a dermatologist, but instead simply suggest you start using topical minoxidil, which is available without a prescription in most countries. Now it's true that minoxidil is a great start, but for practically everyone, minoxidil alone (a so-called 'mono-treatment') is not going to be sufficient to stop MPB. For that reason, I would recommmend you ask for a referral to a dermatologist.
Most dermatologists also do not have experience with teenage MPB. It's likely they will also tell you to use topical minoxidil. For a number of reasons, it's unlikely they will divert from protocol and prescribe you (topical) fin. Now of course they may have solid reasons for this and every patient is different. That said, if you feel the dermatologist hasn't carefully considered finasteride, I would recommend you ask for a referral to a specialized pediatric dermatologist.
In the case of my son, the dermatologist at the local hospital conferred with an endocrinologist, and since neither of them had experience with finasteride and teenagers, they were uncomfortable prescribing it. Fortunately, they were willing to refer us to a specialized pediatric dermatologist at a university medical center, who ended up prescribing my son topical fin + min.
​
What meds are appropiate for teenage MPB
First, let me reiterate that it's critical you do not self-medicate. You may not actually suffer from MPB and even if you do, especially when you're younger you should only take meds under the supervision of a medical professional. That said, sometimes these medical professionals need a nudge in the right direction.
The advice for teenage MPB is pretty much the same as it is for adult MPB: use a combination of a growth stimulant (minoxidil) and a 5ar inhibitor (finasteride or dutesteride). The vehicle of delivery (oral vs topical) may be different though.
​
Minoxdil
Minoxdil is uncontroversial in the topical form. It was cleared by the FDA and EMA in the 1980s and been used by millions since, including teenagers. Unfortunately, about 50% of people do not respond to minoxidil because they lack the enzyme in their scalp to convert it to its active form. There's actually a fairly expensive test on the market that will tell you if you are going to respond to minoxidil (Google "Minoxidil Response Test" - the one that's based on plucked hair follicles is more accurate than the test based on saliva samples). If the test tells you you're going to be a non-responder or you simply don't see any progress after 6 or more months of use, then you can add tretinoin to your scalp to help convert minoxidil to its active form. In most countries, tretinoin requires a prescription. Another way to become a responder to minoxidil is to take it orally. But that's not FDA/EMA approved and despite its current popularity quite controversial because of the potential adverse side effects. As a teenager, it's probably best to stick to the topical form.
​
Finasteride
Finasteride is FDA + EMA approved for MPB for 18+ only. Though it's one of the most prescribed meds in the world, and millions of people have used it (or still do!) since it came to market in the 1990s, there is a fairly active and vocal movement against finasteride based on the supposed under-reported side effect incidence. I do not intend to get into that debate here. What I do want to address is, assuming it's generally safe to use finasteride as an adult, that it may still be appropiate to use it as a teenager, despite it having received FDA/EMA approval for 18+ only.
First, finasteride was cleared for 18+ use only because the manufacturer (Merck at the time) sought approval for 18+ only. Clinical trials are incredibly expensive, and if the market potential is small (there are not many teenagers suffering from MPB), it doesn't make sense to invest a lot of money to get it approved for under 18 too. It would be a mistake to read the lack of approval for use below 18 as an explicit disapproval to do so.
Second, the big concern typically brought up is that messing with your hormones during puberty (specifically: preventing the conversion of testosterone into DHT - which is what finasteride does) may impact development of sex organs and have other unwanted side effects. While this may make some sense in theory (and intuitively), there is no scientific evidence of this actually ever happening in practice. Now to be fair, there is very little scientific research on the topic of teenage MPB in the first place, but finasteride has been used by teenagers off-label for many decades (see for example this study) and specialized (pediatric) dermatologists (such as the ones in this video here, or the one treating my son) continue to prescribe it. To mitigate these concerns, doctors typically assess whether the teenager has completed puberty (and hence doesn't 'need' DHT anymore). Also, they typically prescribe finasteride in its topical form, to reduce the chances of it going systemic. Though there are studies proving that this is indeed the case (see here and here and here), there are also studies that show topical finasteride has a similar systemic profile.
Third, remember that you would be still be under the supervision of a professional. If you were to experience any of the feared sides, you can always discuss this with your doc, and together decide on the best course of action. You're not alone.
In the case of my son, the specialized pediatric dermatologist prescribed a topical combination of fin and min. She said that at her university medical center, that is standard practice for teenage MPB. She also said that it's been effective for practically everyone she's seen to date (for some it drives regrowth, for others it merely prevents further hair loss) and that she hasn't seen a single patient experience any side effects whatsoever.
​
More reading / watching

• https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36688435/
• http://www.mediskin.cn/uploadfiles/file/20130723/20130723104022_9832.pdf
• https://drive.google.com/file/d/1c3pViwutY8d4FrVhtID16dwXnS_HIBLk/view
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6zdK_YdE1nM

I'm very open to any feedback on the above guidance, though I appreciate it if we could keep it focused on teenage MPB only, and refrain from discussing Post-Finasteride-Syndrom in general.

Axios has done a nice job of laying out some of the things we'll all be arguing about calmly debating in the coming year:

DEI ban

Texas' public colleges must comply with a newly signed state law banning diversity, equity and inclusion offices on their campuses.

• The move comes as Republican-driven backlash over DEI is sharpening in politics, business and academics.

Gender-neutral toy aisles

California will officially mandate gender-neutral toy aisles for large retailers.

• The blue state became the first in the nation, in 2021, to adopt such a law.

The law states that retail stores with 500 or more workers must sell toys and child care products (excluding clothes) in a gender-neutral section that's "labeled at the discretion of the retailer ... regardless of whether they have been traditionally marketed for either girls or for boys."

• Retailers can continue to offer other toys and child care goods that are traditionally marketed specifically toward girls or boys.

Wider access to birth control

HRA Pharma's Opill will become available at drug stores, convenience after the Food and Drug Administration last year approved it as first daily birth control pill to be sold without a prescription.

• The increased availability, which is expected to reduce barriers to accessing contraceptives, was seen as a post-Roe "game changer," Dr. Julia Cron, chief of Obstetrics and Gynecology at NewYork-Presbyterian Lower Manhattan Hospital, previously Axios.

Yes, but: A number of states, including Montana and Nevada, are allowing people to access an extended supply of birth control.

• New Jersey will join dozens of states in allowing pharmacists to administer self-administered hormonal contraceptives without a prescription.

Unintended pregnancies are linked to an unmet need for contraception, the CDC has said.

• Experts have hoped the FDA move helps lower this rate.

No book bans

Illinois became the first state to pass a law penalizing libraries that ban books last year, as conservative efforts have mounted to restrict access to texts that often address race or LGBTQ+ issues.

• Gov. J.B. Pritzker (D) signed a bill now in effect that makes public libraries ineligible for state funding if they ban materials because of "partisan or doctrinal" disapproval.

Of the more than 1,400 reported book ban cases last year, 74% were connected to organized efforts of advocacy groups, elected officials, or enacted legislation, per PEN America.

• The organization recommended that policymakers, school boards and district administrators consider the many reasons for including and celebrating books rather than restricting them.

​
​

Been looking around the Internet for reasons and happened across a question: Why don't feminizing/masculinizing hormone therapies administered to adults include human growth hormone (hHG)? As I understand it, hGH is released throughout a person's life, but lessens with age and peaks during puberty. We have recombinant human growth hormone in FDA approved pharmaceuticals, but I can't find any clinical trials or association studies regarding transgender care/hormone therapy outcomes and administered hGH. I couldn't even find any papers mentioning hGH the same way that progesterone is mentioned, where there are papers (whether the results are valid or not) saying progesterone has a minimal effect on transition outcomes; again progesterone's efficacy is neither here nor there, but at least there are papers about it.
Since hGH (and it's downstream effects on IGF-1) are known the be important in breast development and other structural changes within the body (obviously you couldn't use it to intentionally modify bone structure since the bone plates have fused by adulthood, but bones aside...), and also just the naive notion that if you're inducing a second puberty within the body, that you'd want the hormonal environment to be as similar to that of natural puberty.
It has side effects, but so do normal HRT regimens. The only discussions I can find regarding it are sparse forum posts and association studies for adolescent transgender patients that still have pubertal endogenous hGH levels. I feel like I'm missing something super obvious.
EDIT: Aggregating answers I've received thus far:

• Side effects are too severe to warrant the risk (Acromegaly, organ issues?)
• Not enough interest/funding to conduct research
• Current hormone therapies are sufficient (subjective?)
• Supplementation and life style changes to increase endogenous hGH is safer and more readily available than direct hGH administration (MK-667, intermittent fasting, exercise), may also have reduced Acromegaly risk by matching normal hGH release patterns (many small burst throughout the day vs one megadose daily or weekly from subcutaneous administration)

Buy Copper Peptide for Sale 3rd Party Verified Pure Rawz
---

What is Copper Peptide?

The body naturally produces copper and amino acids that combine to form a copper peptide. The chemical, also referred to as GHK-Cu peptide, is a naturally-occurring peptide produced by the human body when it is healing.
In addition to acting as antioxidants, GHK-Cu is thought to influence the stimulation of collagen synthesis and elastin production, which can reduce fine lines and wrinkles. Copper peptide supplements are known for their capability to promote healthy skin tone since this chemical affects the skin cells.
Copper peptide production declines with age, and skin and hair cells spend less time in a continuous healing state.
Copper peptides can allegedly provide other potential benefits besides promoting skin care through improved circulation in the blood vessels. The peptides are allegedly capable of addressing cancer and muscle growth.
This treatment is unsafe for human consumption despite copper peptides’ purported health benefits. We suggest that you buy our GHK-Cu products for research use only. Qualified professionals in the field of research must purchase this product.

Potential Applications of Copper Peptide

Copper Peptide and Skin Health

Clinical evidence supports the possible application of copper peptides for skin care. Below are the clinical results and alleged benefits of GHK-Cu in treating the skin.

1. GHK-Cu may reduce wrinkles: A 2015 study on copper peptides revealed that boosting collagen proteins can aid in reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. Collagen may eventually help to “plump up” human skin, which could lessen the visibility of wrinkles. [R]
2. GHK-Cu may result in firmer skin: According to a research review, copper peptides (in the form of cream) are also thought to help boost elastin proteins. This is in addition to increased collagen production of the chemical under consideration. Such a feature might be crucial to getting firmer, more even skin. [R]
3. GHK-Cu may even skin tone: Due to their potential to repair and even out the tone or texture of the skin, GHK-Cu differs from other types of peptides. It is thought that copper peptides may possibly add new connective tissues to the skin while also removing damaged ones. [R]
4. GHK-Cu may offer antioxidant effects: Additionally, copper peptides could help in reducing inflammation and act as a protective antioxidant on the skin. The risk of infections has also been shown to be reduced by GHK-Cu. [R]

Copper Peptide and Hair Care

In addition to its cosmetic effects, GHK-Cu formulations could influence hair’s well-being.

1. GHK-Cu may help improve blood flow: According to a 2018 study, a group of researchers discovered that GHK-Cu could aid in boosting skin blood flow. It has been claimed that copper can support blood vessels’ preservation. [R]
2. GHK-Cu may help maintain hair color: Melanin, the stored naturally occurring dark pigment that gives the skin, hair, and eyes their color, needs copper to function properly. Tyrosinase is necessary for melanocytes to produce melanin, and copper is the catalyst for this enzymatic reaction. A study that was presented in a scientific journal in 2012 demonstrated the connection between a lack of this mineral and graying hair. [R]
3. GHK-Cu may help with hair loss: According to a long-ago in vitro study, one potential advantage of copper peptides is their capacity to lengthen the hair growth cycle. The results indicate that GHK-Cu may stop hair loss by possibly thickening existing strands. [R]

Copper Peptide and Cancer

Theoretically, a copper-binding peptide (Gly-His-Lys) with copper 2+ would oxidize ascorbic acid and eradicate cancer cells. It was successful in cell culture. The system effectively slowed the development of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells when applied to mice. [R]
The copper peptide did not significantly oxidize the ascorbic acid in the mice. The study team concluded that the GHK-Cu, not an interaction with ascorbic acid, was responsible for the anti-cancer effects.
Nevertheless, the GHK-Cu cannot be used as a cure for cancer, based on the mentioned research.

Copper Peptide and Muscle Growth

GHK-Cu may help promote muscle growth among test subjects because it plays a role in the body’s capacity to repair itself.
This property of GHK-Cu, as angiogenic, which aids in the formation of blood vessels and enhances blood flow, may support the growth of muscles. [R]

How Does Copper Peptide Work?

According to our current understanding, the human peptide GHK has a variety of biological effects, all of which seem to be beneficial for health. It promotes the health of blood vessels and nerve outgrowth. This chemical also boosts collagen and elastin production and supports dermal fibroblast activity.
Under the epidermis or top layer of skin, copper peptides can exert their effects. This explains how peptides can assist in the production of elastin in collagen found deep within skin tissues.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is Copper Peptide safe?

The FDA disapproves of using GHK-Cu for human consumption since it still needs large-scale laboratory studies. We advise our customers to buy this formulation for the intended research of the product.
For safety, synthetic copper peptides should be stored in a clean and dry place.

Why is Copper Peptide known as GHK-Cu?

Glycyl histidyl lysine (GHK) is a type of peptide that is easily able to bind with copper enzymes. This combination is known as GHK-Cu because the periodic table’s symbol for copper is Cu.

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People Born 1941-1971 Are Due a Large Surprise Ad The Wallet Watcher Business Wire Tivic Health Funded Study Begins Enrollment for Novel Non-Invasive Bioelectronic Approach to Vagus Nerve Stimulation Wed, August 16, 2023 at 8:00 AM CDT·2 min read In this article:
SAN FRANCISCO, August 16, 2023--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Tivic Health® Systems, Inc. ("Tivic", Nasdaq: TIVC), a health tech company that develops and commercializes bioelectronic medicine, announced today that the research study that the company is funding at The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research has received study approval from the Institutional Review Board ("IRB") and has initiated study recruitment and enrollment for its novel non-invasive bioelectronic device approach to vagus nerve stimulation.
An IRB is an FDA-registered group that has been formally designated to review and monitor biomedical research involving human subjects. In accordance with FDA regulations, an IRB has the authority to approve, require modifications (to secure approval), or disapprove research. This group review serves an important role in the protection of the rights and welfare of human research subjects.

Yahoo Get App
People Born 1941-1971 Are Due a Large Surprise Ad The Wallet Watcher Business Wire Tivic Health Funded Study Begins Enrollment for Novel Non-Invasive Bioelectronic Approach to Vagus Nerve Stimulation Wed, August 16, 2023 at 8:00 AM CDT·2 min read In this article:
SAN FRANCISCO, August 16, 2023--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Tivic Health® Systems, Inc. ("Tivic", Nasdaq: TIVC), a health tech company that develops and commercializes bioelectronic medicine, announced today that the research study that the company is funding at The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research has received study approval from the Institutional Review Board ("IRB") and has initiated study recruitment and enrollment for its novel non-invasive bioelectronic device approach to vagus nerve stimulation.
An IRB is an FDA-registered group that has been formally designated to review and monitor biomedical research involving human subjects. In accordance with FDA regulations, an IRB has the authority to approve, require modifications (to secure approval), or disapprove research. This group review serves an important role in the protection of the rights and welfare of human research subjects.