Chapter Two - Part One
Second Half
__________________
Beginning of Entry…
StarDate: Redacted
Perspective: Major Commander Michael Irons
Species: Human, Humanoid Mammalian Species, no tail.
Description: 5 feet 2 inches [1.6 meters] to 6 feet 9 inches [2.1 meters] average height. 185 lbs [84 kilograms] average weight.
Longevity: 70 to 500-year life expectancy with life extension medical tech.
Unique Trait: Resilience and Indomitable Will.
Place: New Paris (Capital City)
Location: New Eden Prime
In the early hours, as the dawn cast a pallid light over New Eden Prime, the situation unfolded with urgent clarity. Major Commander Michael Irons, alongside Captain Adam Richter, adjusted his Raider armor, his eyes scanning the horizon where the silhouettes of enemy ships began to materialize. Both men were seasoned veterans, their faces etched with the lines of many battles, their demeanor calm yet alert. They awaited instructions as they stood amid the bustling rally point filled with soldiers and militia.
Their focus shifted as Colonel Nick Estrada approached, his imposing figure cutting through the morning mist, the tension palpable in the air. The urgency of the situation had drawn commanders and soldiers alike, all responding to the blare of alarms that had roused the colony from sleep and into action. Colonel Nick Estrada approached, his presence commanding immediate attention. His frame was not just physically imposing but carried the authority of a man who had seen countless skirmishes and emerged victorious. The commanders snapped to attention, though the informality of the crisis allowed for a quicker exchange.
Colonel Estrada, known for his strategic acumen, surveyed the gathered officers before speaking. "Gentlemen," he began, his voice carrying over the crowd. "Major Commander Irons, Captain Richter, the enemy fleet is now visible. We're seeing a full spectrum—we're up against a formidable enemy. Reconnaissance has identified a significant fleet composition—strike craft, corvettes, frigates, and troop transports. They're not just probing our defenses; they're here for a full-scale invasion."
Major Commander Irons nodded solemnly, absorbing the gravity of the situation. The enemy's intentions were clear: to overwhelm and conquer. "Do we have any intel on their motivations, sir?" he asked, his mind racing through potential strategies.
Estrada's eyes narrowed as he reviewed the latest data on his tactical pad. "Current assessments suggest their primary objective could be resource acquisition or territory expansion. Given the organized nature of their fleet, we can't rule out the possibility of them establishing a forward operating base," he explained, his finger tracing possible invasion routes on the holographic display before them.
Irons' jaw tightened at the assessment. "Have we identified their point of origin or any specific markings that could tell us who we're dealing with?" he asked, his mind racing through the catalog of known hostile factions and their usual tactics.
Captain Richter, ever the tactician, chimed in, "If we can disrupt their landing operations and take out their troop transports, we might slow their advance and buy us some time to fortify positions."
"Not yet," Estrada replied, turning to gaze at the display screen that showed the advancing ships. "Their configurations are unfamiliar, which suggests they're not from any known hostile group within our usual conflict zones. This could be a new player or a proxy force from a rival colony. But it's clear they want New Eden, as the orbital forces were obliterated in minutes."
Estrada, after careful consideration, turned to face the digital map highlighting strategic points around the colony. 'That's a start, but we need a comprehensive plan,' he declared. 'Irons, your units will be crucial in the eastern sector, where their fleet appears most concentrated. Richter, your teams will be our shield in the orbital defenses; we cannot allow them to establish a foothold there."
Richter chimed in, his voice steady despite the escalating tension. "We need to assess their capabilities and intentions quickly. Are they aiming for strategic locations, or is this an outright attempt to overwhelm and occupy?"
Estrada nodded, his eyes narrowing as he processed the information. "Our immediate objective is to hold them at bay and protect civilian areas. I've already ordered evacuations where necessary. Irons, I need your units to fortify the eastern sector. It's closest to their projected landing sites."
"And I'll take the western approach," Richter added quickly. "It has fewer natural barriers, so I'll set up mobile defenses there."
Estrada approved with a brisk nod. "Good. I'll coordinate the orbital defenses to cover your flanks. We can't let them gain a foothold. Whatever their motive, it ends here."
The officers acknowledged their orders, understanding the critical nature of their tasks. Estrada continued. "We'll use the tram system for rapid redeployment. Keep your communications lines open, and expect dynamic orders. We need to be as adaptable as they are aggressive."
As the meeting drew to a close, Major Commander Irons felt the weight of responsibility settling on his shoulders. The survival of New Eden Prime hinged not only on their military prowess but also on their ability to outmaneuver an enemy whose capabilities remained largely shrouded in mystery.
With a final nod from Estrada, Irons and Richter dispersed to relay orders to execute their assignments; Irons felt the weight of the imminent conflict pressing down. Each step they took was heavy with the resolve to protect their home, knowing the enemy loomed just beyond the horizon, ready to test the mettle of New Eden's defenders. This wasn't just another border skirmish or a pirate raid. The scale of the invasion suggested a well-planned offensive by a formidable enemy.
Returning to his command post, Irons pulled up the tactical displays, which showed live feeds from drones and satellites tracking the enemy's advance. Each ship was marked in red and moved steadily towards New Eden's defensive perimeter.
"Let's show them what New Eden is made of," he muttered to himself, a mix of resolve and anticipation coursing through his veins.
This was his colony, his home, where his family and millions of others lived and dreamed of a peaceful future among the stars. Today, the peace and survival of the colony depended on his actions and those of his comrades.
As the first enemy ships entered range, Irons gave the order. "All units, engage at will. Prioritize frigates and anything making landfall. We hold the line, no matter what."
Back at the rally point, as shells began to crisscross the morning sky and the first explosions blossomed in the distance, Estrada and Richter coordinated their sectors' defenses, adjusting to the flow of battle. Each report, each burst of static on the comms, added to the day's growing chorus—a chorus filled with the sounds of a colony defending its very existence.
Above them, the sky turned from morning gray to the dark of smoke and fire, the battle for New Eden truly underway. As the alien forces made their ground assault on New Paris, Major Commander Michael Irons quickly marshaled his defensive strategies. The invaders had exploited a slight weakness at the equator of the planet's shield, where the northern and southern fields met, allowing a fraction of their invasion force to penetrate. This strategic breach had permitted several enemy corvettes and frigates to support the ground troops as they marched toward the city.
The morning sky, once clear and promising, was now darkened by the presence of enemy ships. Their shadows cast an ominous pall over the city as their engines roared menacingly overhead. Irons, stationed at the command post just on the outskirts of New Paris, observed the advancing enemy through his binoculars, his heart racing with adrenaline and cold determination.
Despite the thinning of their numbers due to the shield's resistance, the invaders pushed forward with relentless determination. Their landing crafts, equipped to penetrate the weakened shield points by slowing their descent, deployed troops directly into the fray. This strategic insertion allowed them to bypass the stronger defenses and land a significant force just outside the protective barrier of New Paris.
Irons, stationed at the command post, monitored the unfolding chaos through live drone feeds. The images displayed a grim tableau: columns of alien soldiers advancing toward the city, their movements methodical and unhurried, supported by the ominous silhouettes of their air support. The enemy's tactical acumen was evident in every maneuver, challenging the defenders of New Eden to adapt swiftly.
"Prepare all air defense units and activate the aerial defense batteries," Irons commanded into the comm, his voice steady despite the escalating threat. The air around him buzzed with the hurried movements of soldiers and the crackling of radio communications. The colony's air defense force, though robust, was significantly outnumbered without the support of their orbital fleet, which had been decimated in earlier skirmishes. "Target their air support first. We cut off the head, and the body will falter."
Acknowledgments crackled through his earpiece as his orders were relayed down the chain of command. New Eden's air defense force, though robust, was not designed for such a multifaceted assault. The absence of fleet support from orbit, a disadvantage painfully felt by every soldier on the ground, meant that each shot from the aerial defense batteries had to count.
On the battlefield, the sounds of warfare escalated. Explosions rippled across the early morning sky, painting it with streaks of fire as the colony's defenses engaged the invading air units. Irons watched as each successful strike brought down an enemy craft, each plummeting vessel a small victory in the shadow of an overwhelming threat.
Yet, even as they held the line against the aerial assault, the ground forces braced for the inevitable confrontation. The alien troops, undeterred by the resistance from above, continued their steady march towards New Paris. Their ranks, though reduced, remained formidable—a sea of figures clad in armor that glinted under the rising sun, their weapons poised for battle.
"The shields are holding, but we can't let them gain any more ground," Irons muttered, analyzing the tactical map that glowed with indicators of enemy movement. The slight gap in the shield at the equator was a glaring risk, one that could not be ignored. "Reroute additional units to the southern sector," he instructed, pointing to the area where the shield's weakness was most pronounced. "Fortify our positions there. I don't want a single invader breaking through."
His focus then shifted to the city's defenses. New Paris, a symbol of human resilience and ingenuity on the frontier, was fortified with multiple layers of defenses designed to repel invaders and protect its citizens. But today, those defenses would face their greatest test.
"We're on our own," Irons acknowledged, his gaze sweeping across the room filled with operators and strategists. "Every soldier, every pilot—we're what stands between them and the city. We hold them here, at the edge, before they can reach the heart of our home."
As the enemy's ground forces drew closer, the clash became imminent. Irons could see the front lines through the drones—human soldiers taking positions, their bodies tense with anticipation, their weapons trained on the approaching threat. The air crackled with the energy of impending combat, a mixture of fear, determination, and the indomitable will to protect their planet.
"Engage at maximum range," Irons commanded. "Use the terrain to our advantage. Make them come to us through the kill zones."
The enemy's corvettes and frigates hovered menacingly, coordinating the ground troops as they continued their relentless march toward the city's defenses. Irons could see the troops adjusting their formations and a tactical maneuver meant to optimize their approach under cover of their aerial support.
"Focus fire on those corvettes flanking to the east," Irons directed, pointing to the screens displaying satellite imagery. The operators quickly relayed his commands, adjusting the colony's firepower towards the threatening vessels.
Despite the heavy onslaught, the morale among Irons' men was resolute. They were well-trained and prepared to defend their home against all odds. The sound of anti-aircraft fire filled the air, a relentless symphony of defiance against the invading forces. Explosions lit up the morning sky as some of the enemy crafts took hits, their debris raining down and igniting small fires upon the rugged terrain of New Eden Prime.
Irons turned his attention back to the ground troops, noting the enemy's attempt to regroup after each barrage. "They're testing our defenses, looking for weak points. Make sure all sectors are covered and reinforce any undermanned positions," he instructed his lieutenants.
The battle was fierce, with every moment critical. The enemy's numerical advantage was evident, but the defenders of New Paris were determined to make every shot count. The city's aerial defense batteries worked in overdrive, targeting the enemy's air support in an attempt to level the playing field. The city's shield generators protected the city from any aerial bombardment from the frigates. Only the ground forces were a threat as long as the city's shield generators held, but with every strike from those frigates, the shield became weaker.
As the enemy advanced, a sudden and intense firefight erupted at the southern barricade. Irons watched through surveillance feeds as his troops engaged the enemy, their laser rifles cutting through the morning mist. The ground shook with the impact of heavy artillery, a relentless exchange that tested the resolve of every soldier under his command.
"Keep the pressure on! Push them back!" Irons shouted over the radio, his voice a beacon of command amidst the chaos. The troops responded with renewed vigor, their shouts and gunfire merging into the cacophony of battle.
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I want to create parametric outpainting mask for AI image generation. I am stuck since in certain combinations ouf parameters I get white borders around image (mask stretches to cover final image) becouse mask ratio is different to ratio of latent space (partially since side of latent space must be multiple of m becouse of at the beginning latent space size is 1/m of output).
m = output side must be divisable by this L = left padding of image R = right padding of image T = Top padding of image B = Bottom padding of image w = original image width h = original image height x = position of image relative to output y = position of image relative to output s = size multipiller of latent space u = (ratio of input image to output image - 0.5 means that apparent width of input is halved) Lh = height of output image Lw = width of output image
m, w, h are positive inteegers u is decimal which satisfies x -> x € (0;1) s is nonnegative decimal x, y are decimal satisfying x -> x € <0;1>
e = 1/u-1 T=e*y*fceil(h/(m/s))*s*m B=e*1-y*fceil(h/(m/s))*s*m L=e*x*fceil(w/(m/s))*s*m R=e*1-x*fceil(w/(m/s))*s*m
Lh = ceil(h/m)*m Lw = ceil(w/m)*m
There might be a problem with my implementation of fceil and ceil or other math since I should not need any additional correction
fceil(x/y) := floor((x+y-1)/y) ceil(x/y) := (x+y-1)/y
The question is: What is the equation for a value of positive inteeger c which satisfyes Lw/Lh=(trunc(L)+trunc(R)+w+c)/(trunc(T)+trunc(B)+h). I am geniuntly lost where to begin.
Here is the workflow I am talking about. When x=y=u=0.5 and s=1 everything is good

I'm not sure exactly how to use the quadratic equation is this right? Also whats the best way to set it out on my calculator?

Proof of work has been monopolized by big mining firms. Proof of stake is just landed gentry re-imagined. I am proposing a new system, which is nice because you can become an early adopter and part of the oligarchs because you got in early.
Instead of solving equations like proof of work, the RaceConditionCoin (RCC) is simple. You place a GPS dongle into your dashboard and if you are traveling (this is important, you're a traveler of the land not engaged in commerce, this is a neat trick that gets you out of any tickets!) between 55 MPH and 125 MPH on any one of the Eisenhower numbered interstates (this is for the USA only at this point, but as the need for the impoverished in the global south emerges we may extend out) you make yourself eligible for a drawing every 10 minutes for who gets the block reward.
There is randomization two ways:
1) The numbered interestate you are on
2) Your speed down to 2 decimals of a MPH.
For example, if the randomizer gives us "Interstate 74 West" and 69.42 (c what I did?), if you are barreling your way over to Peoria, Illinois you qualify for the block reward, along with anyone else. If no one qualifies, I74 East will qualify. Then MPH increments of 1 will extend out and connecting interstates (for example 474) will come in play.
All votes on the consensus mechanism must happen while you're traveling over 55 MPH.
Why do we need this? Because your credit union President could be monkeying with your account balance!

Look. Whether you like Canelo or hate him he has ascended to a height in his career that is almost god-like. Anything he touches turns to gold. He's averaging what, $40+ million per fight nowadays?!
We talk about the 'rub' that Canelo got from Floyd after their bout from a technical lens but not many people talk about the business acumen that he took from him as well. After Canelo became undisputed he's been managing his career like a business titan. Looking back, let's not forget that the so-called 'fight of the century' happened under Floyd's terms. And a big component of this had to do with Pacqujiao showing vulnerability through a loss. Floyd only elected to finally enter a bout with the seemingly unstoppable Pacquiao after a controversial loss to Timmothy Bradley and a KO by Marquez.
If history is any indication of the future Canelo will fight Benavidez under two conditions: 1) Benavidez has to experience a loss and 2) Canelo must be guaranteed a purse of $100M + minimum.
Prediction: Benavidez vs Gvozdyk is just around the corner and this will be the bout where Benavidez will experience his first loss. Decimate me in the comments for this take. I do not care. Canelo will then fight Crawford and Berlanga. in which order? Who knows. After successfully defeating Benavidez, Canelo will continue to command top-dollar for sub-par fights until the last mega-fight against David Morell.
Side note: The Saudis, play a huge factor in this equation. The fact that they are backing an amazing card this August on U.S. soil tells me that they are not looking to drive revenue to Saudi by hosting events in their soil, rather they are looking to bolster their name reputation around the world by attaching their name to high-profile events. And its working. This strategy is no different than Red Bull attaching their name to extraordinary stunts or Coca-Cola with American pass times like sports, Olympics, etc.

It always shocks me when I see people say "I want to do X" or "I'm gonna do Y" and then they actually go and do X and Y, like they said they would. The process from wanting something and then taking the steps to acquire it, or wanting to do something and then actually doing it, seems so obvious and easy to most people but completely alien to me. On paper, it's so simple - of course they had no trouble doing it, because they actually wanted to do it.
For me, that equation is a complete mystery. Even if (or maybe especially if) it's something that I, at least in theory, should enjoy. Something that I know would be good for me, something that I actually do want to do or have - not something that I hate but need to do, like a chore. Doing things like that should be easy, because they're things I want to do. But apparently, I don't want them. Because it is absolutely impossible for me to actually do the things I want to do, as if I'm paralyzed by the very idea. It's as if any possible reward I could get by doing said thing - any possible achievement, pleasure, stimulation or positive experience I could have by putting in the steps to get what I want - my brain has already determined that they are simply not worth the effort required to get them.
The best example is powerlifting/bodybuilding. I've fallen off the horse and back on program over and over for years, never achieving consistency. People say "you just gotta be consistent" but to me they might as well be saying "you just gotta eat the moon" because that's what it feels like. Even when I've actually seen visible results in my body from the times I managed to scrape together some brief period of consistent training, it still wasn't enough for me to keep going. I kept falling off, my numbers kept going back down, and now I'm just so tired of getting back up only to tumble back to ground zero over and over. That experience is an example of how I feel in every single endeavor of my life, not just the gym. No possible positive reward even comes close to seeming worth the effort needed to get there. Nothing is enough.
This goes the negative way too. If I face the possible consequences of my inaction, the very real possibilities of negative outcomes to my life if I don't do X/Y/Z, it still doesn't push me to do it. Even the negative reinforcement of "you better do it or else" does not matter to me, deep down. Even if my life completely fell to ruin, all my loved ones left me, I got an incurable disease and lost any and all hope, even that scenario doesn't motivate me to take measures to prevent it. Even that is not enough.
And the fact that this bothers me is the real issue. If I really didn't care about anything, then the fact that I don't care wouldn't bother me. But for some reason it does, and it causes great turmoil. I want to want things, but I simply don't.
Absolutely nothing is enough. It's all just really exhausting and nothing, absolutely nothing, seems worth the effort. I'm not suicidal, but I wouldn't mind never having existed.
That's my rant for today, thanks for watching everyone and don't forget to DECIMATE that subscribe button and hit the bell icon or else the algorithm really won't notice me, seriously hit the bell icon please, I really fucking need you to hit the BELL ICON and not just SUBSCRIBE, I need you to ANNIHILATE BOTH those BUTTONS, see you next video fam

Hi All,
Studying for my CA Grade 5 and hitting a snag on VS Reduction % questions, hoping you guys can help!
I have an engineering background and every reduction equation I've ever seen resembles something like:
(1) % Reduction = (Original - Final) / Original
So for our purposes I thought it SHOULD be:
(2) VS Reduction, % = (VS In - VS Out) / VS In (in lb/day)
However, the the formula sheet we are given uses the following equation:
(3) % VS Reduction = (VS In - VS Out) / [VS In - (VS In * VS Out)] (in decimal)
I haven't been able to find any sort of explanation as to why the CA Wastewater Equation is different from the rest of the world. They produce close numbers, but they are still different and I'm sure they have answers for both equations as an option. Does anyone have an explanation or video showing how the wastewater world derived this version of the reduction formula? I'm okay with just being told to use this version, but I would really like to understand why for my personal comprehension.
Thanks in advance! Appreciate any help.

Memory transcription subject: Captain Kalsim, Krakotl Alliance Command
Date: [REDACTED]
The approach to the Skaven homeworld had been nerve-wracking. None of us had expected the discovery of a new sapient Predator species, let alone one cunning enough to get so close before indulging their hunger.
The Skaven’s cruel deception had been on full display as we passed through Venlil Prime. The surface was a ghost town of ransacked buildings, blood-stained plazas and hastily erected idols devoted to their heathen god. We bombarded the surface thoroughly, even going so far as to eradicate the uninhabitable land beyond the equator to make certain that no predatory taint would survive.
Despite the ease of the cleansing, it only left the fleet tense. The brutality on display there was on par with that of the Arxur, and they had achieved this with only primitive weapons and spacecraft. Speaking of, there were no ships to be found in orbit of the conquered planet, neither Skaven or Venlil, which logically meant that the cornered predators had added the more advanced ships to their army, and were consolidating their forces at their homeworld in a desperate bid to hold us off. Such behavior was not unfamiliar to the experienced exterminators under my command, but it was a worrying one. After all, a Predator is at its most dangerous when it’s protecting its nest.
As we finally arrived at their system, we were nonetheless shocked at the sight of their fleet, as the composition of ships was quite unlike anything we had seen before. The addition of Federation freighters commandeered from Venlil Prime were of course expected, as were their desecration, with numerous primitively drawn symbols tainting their hulls. The Skaven ships however, were barely able to be called as such. As far as our sensors could tell, each was merely composed of a single thruster welded to one of their primitive crystal weapons, with a tiny dome on the top serving as a cockpit. The tiny things had nothing in the way of armor or other defenses, displaying a callous disregard for the lives of the pilots. They were clearly made to be mass produced, and mass produced they were, obscuring the view of the planet behind them like a swarm of tiny insects. The only thing they had that even resembled a Capital Ship was a large vessel at the rear of their formation. It had armor aplenty, pieced together from alloys which were recognizable as fragments from the orbital installations missing at Venlil Prime. Multiple federation defense turrets were installed across the hull, modified with their strange green crystals. The only component which hadn’t been stolen from the federation was by far the strangest, a massive Bell installed above the bridge, displayed for all to see.
I had been briefed on Skaven zealotry, but to install such a large icon on their largest ship when they were clearly short on materials seemed wasteful to the extreme. Though, what else could one expect from creatures whose very survival hinged on reckless destruction? As we approached, the sensors showed some of the tiny pests scrambling below the useless hunk of metal, hanging on the ship's exterior in their primitive spacesuits as they struggled to pull the rope attached to the clapper of the bell. Their efforts were fruitless, as despite the metal component striking the side of the instrument it would never-
GONG
A ripple of confusion spread through the bridge, the crew turning their heads every which way in an attempt to locate the source of the noise. The only one who was looking directly at it was me, though I had a hard time believing it. Somehow, in spite of the laws of physics, the sound of the bell ringing had traveled through space, allowing it to be heard on our bridge and, according to the incoming communications from the rest of the fleet, the bridges of our other ships too. Confused, our formation slowed down, as multiple squad commanders requested orders I wasn’t yet in a state of mind to give.
GONG
My suspicions were confirmed as the second striking of the bell coincided with a second ring sweeping across the bridge. With it came a strange sense of foreboding, as some irrational part of me began to fear that something terrible would happen if the predators were permitted to continue ringing the bell. As illogical as the feeling was, it did allow me to regain my wits and speak into the radio. “All battlegroups continue advance, prepare to open fire. Priority target is the enemy flagship.”
GONG
The Flagship remained at the rear of the enemy formation as the rest of the Skaven ships advanced. The fragile fighters died in droves as they moved into firing range. Most were cut down by our weapons, their weak hulls offering so little protection that even our point defense turrets were able to shoot them down. Some of them exploded in violent flashes of green upon being fired upon, often destroying several other craft near them in a deadly chain reaction. The most bizarre casualties however, were self-inflicted, as a few of the tiny craft opened fire upon one another, seemingly unprovoked. It only served as further proof of the importance of their extermination.
GONG
Another ring heralded the survivors making it close enough to return fire, green lightning lancing through the void at our vessels. Flying straight through our formation, a chaotic firefight ensued.
GONG
The fleet’s discipline was tested by the proximity of the predators, and wasn’t found wanting as the fleet held position and fought. The lethality of our barrages had quickly lessened however, as many firing solutions had to be abandoned due to the risk of hitting friendlies, a consideration the Skaven didn’t seem to share as the branching lines of energy torched several of their own.
GONG
Their predatory callousness had paid off however, as the fleet was beginning to take casualties in return. Their weapons raked across our hulls, struggling to get through armor, but causing devastating explosions when they found a weak spot. In the confusion, it was difficult to tell if we were winning.
GONG
The captured Venlil freighters made it into the thick of battle, largely ignored due to the more immediate threat of the fighters. With no weapons, they simply rushed at the largest ships they could reach, ramming into the side. Hull damage suffered in these attacks was minimal, but the ships quickly began to report predators boarding their ship, drowning the defenders in a tide of bullets and bodies. I ordered the affected crews to hunker down, and prepare to scuttle the ship if the enemy could not be repelled.
GONG
A Skaven fighter broke through the defensive ring around our ship, making a dangerously close attack run to tear a rent through the entire length of our hull. It flew close enough that I could see the predator inside looking straight at us with a vicious grin, before the inattentive pilot crashed directly into one of the vessels behind us, destroying both ships in a bright flash.
GONG
The ringing was getting worse, more intense. This latest one could be felt as well as heard, the bridge shaking from the sheer power of the noise. I groaned in pain, my head aching more and more each time the clamor returned. Enough was enough.
“First squad!” I ordered. “Form up, we’re breaking through and taking down that damn flagship.”
GONG
My orders were followed as we pushed forward, cutting a path through the chaos. The Skaven realized what we were doing and began to focus fire on us, but the casualties we had inflicted could finally be felt, as they were too few to intercept us, and we achieved a clear line of sight to their mothership.
GONG
My first officer Jala clicked her beak in delight as her screen lit up with a picture of the flagship. “We have a firing solution for the railgun! Targeting center mass!”
“No!” I interjected. “The Bell! Destroy that accursed bell!”
GONG
The Skaven managed one last ring before Jala aimed at their foul icon and fired, relief flooding into my heart as I witnessed its imminent destruction. However, as the railgun round struck the side of the bell, I realized my mistake.
GONG
Jala’s shot had shattered the bell, but in doing so, had rang it one final time. This final ring was awful indeed, incapacitating the entire bridge crew for several seconds. As I regained my senses, my sense of foreboding began to evaporate. Whatever that strange thing had been, it was destroyed now. Only the cleansing of their world remained.
I looked past the damaged flagship towards the Predator homeworld and found… that I couldn’t see it. A strange green gash in space was stretching out behind the broken bell, green lightning arcing at the edges. I could only stare in terrified awe as the expanse of green grew wide enough to cover the entire viewport, and begin to show a bizarre warped landscape within.
Then, all hell broke loose.
The lightning emitted from the anomaly suddenly gained direction, targeting and decimating our ships seemingly at random. Chittering laughter could be heard among the static on every radio frequency, as vessels reported more predators on their vessels, appearing out of nowhere. As I stared into the abyss, I could just about make out a tall, furred being with long gnarled horns looking over the battlefield. And as its gaze briefly met my own, I had no doubt in my soul that I had just made eye contact with the Skaven God.
With all the will I could muster, I tore my eye away and yelled Jala. "Jala! That thing is responsible for this! Can you get a firing solution?!”
She turned to me and opened her beak. What emerged wasn’t her usual joyous request to open fire, but a torrent of vermin pouring out onto the bridge. The flood did not stop, continuing far beyond what should have been able to fit in her mouth or even her body, and the bridge crew was quickly drowning under them.
Frozen on my perch, I saw the anomaly begin to close as the fleet suffered, and I caught a final glimpse of the figure’s face, as it stared at our suffering with delighted malice.
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I'm studying for my Exterminator Licence Exam (Canada) and I'm trying to understand the correct application for Pi here.
For example, this video on youtube at 32:26 ends up using 3.14 versus the full Pi on a calculator and therefore gets an answer of 70.64oZ
whereas when I was taught math, unless the equation says to round we were taught to use the last 2 decimal points (Hundredths) and my answer ended up being 70.68oZ.
Pi*75² = 17671.45 / 1000 = 17.67
40oZ x 17.67 = 70.68
Would it be incorrect for the examiner to "ding" me for this question?
Thank you!

• Sequences
• Understand and use algebraic notation
• Equality and equivalence
• Place value and ordering integers and decimals
• Fraction, decimal and percentage equivalence.
• Solving problems with addition and subtraction
• Solving problems with multiplication and division
• Fractions and percentages of amounts
• Operations and equations with directed number
• Addition and subtraction of fractions
• Construction, measuring and using geometric notation
• Developing geometric reasoning
• Developing number sense
• Sets and probability
• Prime numbers and proof
  
  • Ratio and scale
  • Multiplicative change
  • Multiply and divide fractions
  • Working in the Cartesian plane
  • Representing data
  • Tables and probability
  • Brackets, equations and inequalities
  • Sequences
  • Indices
  • Fractions and percentages
  • Standard and Index form
  • Number sense

For each pair, which math type was more common on the last 10 tests?

• Geometric sequence or permutation?
• System of equations or absolute value?
• Shaded area or fractional exponents?
• Median or LCM?

I put together a list of the top 75 ACT questions, based on the research we do to maintain the Mathchops question base. This list is based on the last 10 tests and includes the most recent G19/Z13 TIR. Read on for the answers to the questions above.
Guaranteed To Show Up These have to be rock solid because A) they’ll definitely show up and B) they’ll often be combined with other skills.

1. Fractions and Decimals – All four operations. Mixed numbers.
2. Exponents – All operations. Fractional and negative exponents are very common too (see below).
3. Probability – Know the basic part:whole versions. There is usually a harder one also (like one with two events).
4. Negatives – Be comfortable with all operations.
5. Average – Also called the arithmetic mean. There is always a basic version and usually an advanced one, like the average sum trick (see below).
6. Linear Equations/Slope – Find the slope when given two points. Be able to isolate y (to create y = mx + b). All the standard stuff from 8th grade Algebra.
7. Quadratic skills – Factor. FOIL. Set parenthesis equal to zero. Graph parabolas.
8. Ratio – Part:part, part:whole.
9. Area/Perimeter of basic shapes – Triangles, rectangles, circles.
10. Percents – Know all basic variations. More advanced ones are common also.
11. Absolute Value – Sometimes basic arithmetic, sometimes an algebraic equation or inequality.
12. Picking Numbers – You never have to use this but it will be a useful option on every test.
13. Plug in answers – Like picking numbers, it’s not required but it’s often helpful.
14. Solving Equations – Be very comfortable with ax + b = cx + d. Distribute. Combine like terms. You also need to be able to create these equations based on word problems.
15. Radicals – Basic operations. Translate to fractional exponents.

Extremely Likely (> 80% chance)

1. FOIL – This has to be automatic.
2. SOHCAHTOA – Every variation of right triangle trig, including word problems.
3. Probability, two events – If there's a .4 probability of rain and a .6 probability of tacos, what is the probability of rain and tacos?
4. Average sum trick – 5 tests, average is 80. After the 6th test, the average is 82. What was the 6th test score?
5. MPH – The concept of speed in miles per hour is very common (sometimes combined with other conversion).
6. System of Equations – Elimination. Substitution. Word problems.
7. Composite function – As in g(f(x)).
8. Order of operations – Sometimes directly tested, other times part of a harder question.
9. Pythagorean Theorem – Sometimes asked directly, other times required as part of something else (like SOHCAHTOA or finding the distance between two points).
10. Time – Hours to minutes, minutes to seconds, time elapsed.
11. Angle chasing – 180 in a line. 180 in a triangle. Corresponding angles. Vertical angles.
12. LCM – Straight up. In word problems. In algebraic fractions.
13. Imaginary numbers – Powers of i. What is i^2? The complex plane.
14. Negative exponents – Know what they do and how to combine them with other exponents.

Very Likely (> 50% chance)

1. Factoring – Mostly the basics. Almost never involves a leading coefficient.
2. Fractional Exponents – Rewrite radicals as fractional exponents and vice versa.
3. Logarithms – Rewrite in exponential form. Basic operations.
4. Mixed Numbers – all four operations. Often combined with word problems.
5. Remainders – Can be simple or pattern based, as in “If 1/7 is written as a repeating decimal, what is the 400th digit to the right of the decimal point?”
6. Matrices – Adding, subtracting, multiplying. Knowing when products are possible.
7. Venn – There are 30 kids. 18 are in Algebra. 20 are in French. How many are in both?
8. Median – Middle when organized from low to high. Even number of numbers. What happens when you make the highest number higher or the lowest number lower?
9. Algebra LCD – Find the lowest common denominator, then combine the numerators.
10. Geometric sequence – You usually just need to find a subsequent term (not the formula).
11. Change the base – If 9^x = 27^5, what is x?
12. Given points, find equation – You’re given two ordered pairs and must find the linear equation.

Worth Knowing (> 25% chance)

1. Apply formula – they give you a formula (sometimes in the context of a word problem) and you have to plug stuff in.
2. Domain – Usually you can think of it as “possible x values”.
3. Given sine, find cosine – They give you one trig ratio and ask you to find another. As in, “If the sine of x is 4/5, what is the cosine?”
4. Law of Cosines – They almost always give you the formula. Then you just have to plug things in.
5. Midpoint – Given two ordered pairs, find the midpoint. Sometimes they’ll give you the midpoint and ask for one of the pairs.
6. Scientific notation – Go back and forth between standard and scientific notation. All four operations.
7. Shaded area – The classic one has a square with a circle inside.
8. Similar triangles – Relate the sides with a proportion.
9. Weird shape area – It’s an unusual shape but you can use rectangles and triangles to find the area.
10. Conjugates – Rationalize denominators that include radicals or imaginary numbers. Know that imaginary roots come in pairs.
11. Difference of two squares – (x + y)(x - y) = x^2 - y^2
12. Graph translations – Horizontal shifts, vertical shifts. Stretches. You should recognize y = 2(x+1)^2 - 5 right away and know exactly what to do.
13. Multistep conversion – For example, they might give you a mph and a cost/gallon and then ask for the total cost.
14. Parallelogram – Know that adjacent angles add to 180. Area formula.
15. Prime numbers – Usually combined with something else, like basic probability.
16. Probability with “not” – 3 reds, 5 blue, 6 green. Probability of picking one that’s not red?
17. Undefined – You can’t have 0 in the denominator.
18. Special right triangles – 30:60:90, 45:45:90.
19. Amplitude – If y = 5 sin(x) + 2, what is the amplitude?
20. Arithmetic sequence – Usually asks you to find a specific term, sometimes asks you to find the formula.
21. Expected value – There is a 0.3 chance of winning $100 in Game A and 0.2 chance of winning $200 in Game B, which is unrelated to Game A. If you place bets on both games, what is the expected value of your bets?
22. Volume of a prism – Know that the volume = area of something x height. Sometimes the base will be a weird shape.
23. Circle equations – (x-h)^2 + (y-k)^2 = r^2. Sometimes you have to complete the square.
24. Compare numbers – Be able to order square roots, decimals, and fractions.
25. Find inverse function – Switch y and x, then isolate y.
26. Permutation – You have 5 plants and 3 spots. How many ways can you arrange them?
27. Line of best fit – They’ll sometimes ask you to find the predicted value, or the difference between the predicted and actual values.
28. Linear inequality – Be comfortable solving algebraic inequalities. Graphs appear sometimes also.
29. Triangle opposite side rule – There is a relationship between an angle and the side across from that angle.
30. Inverse trig – Use right triangle ratios to find angles.
31. Toy Soldier (volume) – What happens to the height of the water when you drop an object in the bucket?
32. Use the radius – A circle will be combined with another shape and you have to use the radius to find the essential info about that other shape.
33. Periodic function graph – The basics of sine and cosine graphs (shifts, amplitude, period).
34. Value/frequency table – Find the median and mean in this format.

Oil is very valuable late game as it gives you +40% boost for economy in practically everything. The problem is that it's kinda rare. Rubber is very simple, it grows around equator (Amazonia, Congo and Indonesia) and establishing colonies in there is very simple. Oil however is much worse. The biggest supply of it is in Arabia and Persia (easy to get from the Ottomans and a little infamy in Iran), but it's still too little to enable diesel engines, trains and mines for a late game great power. The other places are USA (which at this point should be a massive problem to conquer) and Russia which is very oil rich, yet would be pain in the ass for it's 150 infamy puppeting. There are also places like Galicia, Hamburg or Venezuela, but they would also resist the conquering by aligning with other great powers which is not something I would like to experience. So if oil isn't an option, should I switch to worse production methods? Or maybe decimate some middle eastern minors?

I was bored and trying to get an achievement and thought "I took a physics class in college, there's gotta be a way to figure this out with math" and ended up with a really complex equation that I simplified down to something still hard to solve and then realized it looked linear on a graph.
The equation: y = sqrt(0.5x² +2xy) where y is less than x.
The estimation: y = 0.29289321881114439568134497432105x or very roughly: y = (37/127)x y = 0.293x. (Why I initially thought that using a fraction that is only accurate to 2 decimal places would be simpler than just rounding the decimal off, no one knows)
The purpose: Given that you only have x amount of time, if you accelerate in a single direction away from a starting point for y amount of time and then immediately accelerate in the opposite direction, you will crash into your starting point exactly x amount of time from when you first accelerated away, at the highest possible velocity.
why?: So if you wanted to, let's say, crash into Timber Hearth at the fastest possible velocity within a time limit (let's say 20 minutes), you would fly your ship away nonstop for 5 minutes and 51 seconds (roughly 5.858 minutes from plugging 20 minutes into the equation), turn around, and then accelerate in the opposite direction non-stop. You'd hit Timber Hearth almost exactly 20 minutes after you left, at the highest speed possible.
I spent way too long on this.
Edit: Apparently I posted this twice by mistake, and someone commented that what I said was similar to this post: https://www.reddit.com/askmath/s/7EhqbiWer9

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https://reddit.com/link/1cjwnj3/video/ovu3gn42rdyc1/player
So I just got two Woody's secret drops in a matter of 5 swings of an axe, just in case you are not aware - the probability of this happening is pretty insane. Initially, the chance to drop a Woody's Secret book is 0.03%, and each tree chopped increases the chance by 0.001%.
Therefore, my chance to have this sequence of events occur is shown in this equation below:
https://preview.redd.it/gdo20da7sdyc1.jpg?width=1178&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=4bb9df48fb770703b99cdb154825ed61471e584a
That answer 3.39572E-7 is the decimal form for the probability of this happening, it means that the chance of this happening to me was a 1 in 2,944,883 event. Lets gooooo
For context its the 2nd of Fall and I just spent all my money on cranberries lmao, I don't suck that bad at this game.
If anyone else wants to share some insane probability drops they got, that would be sick

https://preview.redd.it/0rtn39fhu7yc1.jpg?width=2519&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=a56c6823c14bb1bf05bb92882413fc82b073d7ad
https://preview.redd.it/5zxsnr9ju7yc1.jpg?width=1280&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=131f36b2435144dd2a9156ae095bc57948141c74
https://preview.redd.it/td8unpoku7yc1.jpg?width=1280&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=3d4d5c7a4e78e5d8b4434eaad1bbe841c05ab363
After a few days of trying different methods of getting a legal shiny jirachi (Srirachi) that I could transport into pokemon home, I finally finished a method that worked easiest for me. This only required my own copy of Emerald and my DS Lite. I thought I'd share my process while explaining areas where I got stuck, and what I did to work around them. Hopefully I can help anyone else who has tried this and ran into problems. I will try to be as comprehensive as possible so that literally anybody (even inexperienced with ACE) could follow these steps to get their legal shiny Jirachi!
Before I get started I want to give a huge shoutout to u/Cooked_Fish_Meat for their post on pokemonrng detailing their process to obtain a legit shiny WISHMKR Jirachi. Without this post I would've been much more lost. Much of this explanation is a direct reference to the steps posted by u/Cooked_Fish_Meat which can be found here; though they used a slightly different process using RNG.
What counts as a legal shiny (WISHMKR) Jirachi:

• Trainer name (OT): WISHMKR (male)
• TID/SID matching official wishmaker event: TID 20043 ; SID 0
• One of 9 PIDs found here, with corresponding IVs and nature
• Caught in a Pokeball
• Only knows moves that it can normally learn at its current level
• At least level 5
• "Obtained in a fateful encounter" flag + game of origin being Ruby/Sapphire. Yes we will do this all in Emerald

Setup before starting

• You need Arbitrary Code Execution (ACE) set up in your game. I used the youtube tutorial from Papa Jefé to set up Pokemon 0x0611 which will activate ACE codes upon hatching. Make a lot of clones of this egg! I recommend getting the egg down to very little steps left before hatching prior to cloning it so that ACE execution is faster. Side note: Almost always a good idea to save before executing ACE codes because your game will freeze/crash if you incorrectly changed your box names. If this happens then you can just hard reset your game and double check your box names. You will also want to release the glitch pokemon that hatches from each of these eggs and the easiest way to do this is to move the glitch pokemon to slot 1 in your party, open your boxes, select deposit, immediately select your glitch pokemon, and hit release. If your glitch pokemon is not in Slot 1 of your party then your game will freeze when you move your box cursor over it.
• Open up E-Sh4rk’s ACE code generator (thank you u/E-Sh4rk). You can view all available codes from the dropdown menu at the top. I will try to explain all variables that I changed for each code. Here are all 12 of the ACE codes we will use:
  • Change trainer name
  • Create Pokemon species from nothing
  • Certificate Exit Code Bootstrap
  • Change trainer TID and SID (with exit code bootstrap)
  • Custom Mass Outbreaks 1 (with exit code bootstrap)
  • Custom Mass Outbreaks 2 (with exit code bootstrap)
  • Put Egg With Any PID In Daycare
  • Read Pokemon IVEA field
  • Read Pokemon Pokerus field
  • Restore 'BX r0' in box 14 name
  • Change Pokemon IVs and ability (with exit code bootstrap)
  • Change Pokemon Pkrs and Origins (with exit code bootstrap)

How to get shiny WISHMKR Jirachi!

1. Change your Trainer Name. We need to make our Trainer Name "WISHMKR" so that our final Jirachi's OT is WISHMKR. Find the E-Sh4rk ACE code "Change trainer name." Using Bulbapedia's Gen III Character Encoding) as a reference, we need can input each letter of the name WISHMKR but we will have to Compute this code twice because it is more than 4 letters. For the first time around, we are going to change the first 4 letters of our Trainer Name. To make the first 4 letters W-I-S-H, we change the parameters in our code so that letter1 = 0xD1 ; letter2 = 0xC3 ; letter3 = 0xC3 ; letter4 = 0xC2 ; and start = 0. Hit Compute at the bottom and your box names will generate in the results field on the right. Change the name of each of your boxes to match the corresponding box names generated in the results. Hatch one of your ACE eggs to execute the code. Now for the last 3 letters of our name. We can change our parameters in E-Sh4rk's code so that letter1 = 0xC7 ; letter2 = 0xC5 ; letter3 = 0xCC ; letter4 = 0xFF ; and start = 1. letter4 here is required to be 0xFF to end the name, and it will not add any real letters. Hit Compute, change your box names to match the results, and hatch another ACE egg to execute the code. Our name should now be WISHMKR (gender still corresponding to your trainer gender).
2. Set up a Certificate Exit Code Bootstrap. We will need this for many of the ACE codes we use. If you've already got one of these bootstraps, you can skip this step. Start by finding the code "Create Pokemon species from nothing" and make sure the species = 0xFF. If playing on console, leave the inaccurate_emu = 0, but change to 1 if on emulator. Hit compute and execute ACE after inputting the generated Box names. Next find the code titled "Certificate Exit Code Bootstrap." No need to change any parameters, just hit Compute, change your box names, and execute ACE again. A glitch pokemon should have been generated in Box 10 Slot 19 that we can use for all upcoming (with exit code bootstrap) ACE codes. Note: Box 14's name will be BX r0 (looks like Œ in-game) which is necessary for any exit code bootstrap ACE code to work. Any of these (with exit code bootstrap) codes will only require boxes 1-13 to change names because Box 14 will remain as Œ. You will also need your glitch pokemon to be in Box 14 during the execution of any of these codes, but remove it from Box 14 whenever you are NOT using a code ending with (with exit code bootstrap).
3. Change your TID/SID. You may want to write down or save your current TID/SID somewhere so that you can return to it once we are done. Find the E-Sh4rk code "Change trainer TID and SID (with exit code bootstrap)." Fairly simple one here, just change the parameters so that tid = 20043 and sid = 0. Hit Compute. You'll see that there are only 13 Box Names in the results, which is because we need to keep our glitch Pokemon from Step 2 in Box 14 with the Box Name of Œ. Change your Box Names accordingly and execute ACE. You can double check your TID by checking your Trainer Card, and if your TID is now 20043, then it's probably safe to assume your SID also changed to 0.
4. Obtain any Jirachi. There are many ways you could go about getting any Jirachi, but I chose to go with the a custom mass outbreak. If you already have a Jirachi, you can skip this step. Find the code "Custom Mass Outbreaks 1 (with exit code bootstrap)" and execute without changing any parameters. Then find code "Custom Mass Outbreaks 2 (with exit code bootstrap)." Change the parameters so that species = 409 (referencing Gen III pokemon index numbers)). Visit this link to check the map group and number of wherever you want Jirachi to spawn in the wild. For example: Let's use Route 101. In the linked github, Route 101 appears as (16 (0 << 8)), so if you are looking at the E-Sh4rk code, map_group = 0 and map_num = 16. Input these parameters to the code. Finally, level can be set to whatever you want; I used level = 5. Hit Compute, enter your Box Names, and execute ACE. If you travel to Route 101 and check the tall grass, only level 5 Jirachi should appear. Go ahead and catch one.
5. Breed a new Jirachi with the correct PID. I decided to go this route rather than trying to RNG a Jirachi with the correct PID because I got confused working in Pokefinder when trying to figure out which frame I need to hit to get the correct PID. It may have also required me to end up using another ACE code anyways, so might as well just use ACE to create a Jirachi with the correct PID. Find the E-Sh4rk code "Put Egg With Any PID In Daycare." This code does not require an exit code bootstrap, so we can move your glitch pokemon in Box 14 to another Box (I believe you should keep Boxes 10-14 clear of any pokemon). You will need to place a Ditto and your Jirachi in the daycare together. Now it is time to pick your PID based on your desired nature and IV spreads using one of the 9 legal shiny PIDs found here. For me, I chose the Jolly natured spread with the PID 7b053548. Seed will not matter. In your E-Sh4rk code, change the parameters to pid = 0x7b053548, or pid = 0x_________ for whatever PID you chose. Moving forward, anytime I say a parameter is set to 0x___________, it means you need to actually change the default from = 0, and change it to = 0x immediately followed by whatever value you actually want (because these are technically hexadecimal values). So for example, even though my chosen PID is 7b053548, I would not input pid = 7b053548; I would input pid = 0x7b053548 because the value is technically in hexadecimal format. Hit Compute, change your Box Names, and execute ACE. You can now receive your Jirachi egg by speaking to the old man outside the daycare. Now all you need to do is hatch your egg. Note that Jirachi's egg steps to hatch is over 30,720, so you will be walking/biking for a LONG time even with a Pokemon with flame body. Once it hatches, it should be shiny based on the correct PID, TID, and SID, and it should also have the correct nature. It will be hatched at level 5, in a Pokeball, and with its standard moveset (like all hatched Pokemon). All of these attributes are required for it to be passed as legal. Its current IVs will NOT match the ones that are listed with the 9 legal shiny PIDs, yet.
6. Find Jirachi's IVEA. We need Jirachi's IVs to match those of the ones that are in the same sheet with the 9 legal shiny PIDs. To do this, we first need to calculate a value called the IVEA. You will need to move your hatched Jirachi to your second party slot. Find the E-Sh4rk code "Read Pokemon IVEA field." You only need to change the PID parameter, so pid = 0x__________; same one you used in the last step. Hit Compute and change your Box Names. Make sure you save BEFORE executing ACE, but go ahead and execute. Your Jirachi's attack and defense stats should have changed and you can calculate your IVEA value with the equation: IVEA = attack + (defense*65536). For me, IVEA = 58993 + (27108 x 65536), which was equal to 1,776,608,881. If you are using a windows calculator, you can change your calculator to programmer mode and type that final number into the decimal section (DEC), and look at how it was converted into hexadecimal (HEX). If you don't have a calculator with programmer mode, you can use one here. My final number was converted into 69E4E671 and this is my IVEA. Yours will be different if you chose a different PID. Write this number down for later use, and you can now reset your game to before this ACE code was executed. This way Jirachi's stats won't look absurd anymore.
7. Find Jirachi's Pokerus field. Pokerus field is one of the values we need to calculate for the final step later on. Find the E-Sh4rk code "Read Pokemon Pokerus field" and input the same PID you just chose, using the format pid = 0x__________. Hit Compute, move your Jirachi into the second party slot if not already there, input your resulting Box Names, and save your game once again. Execute ACE and check the stats of your Jirachi again; this time its attack stat will have changed to the Pokerus field, but in decimal format. Put this number into the decimal section of your programmer calculator and see what it actually is in hexadecimal. My attack was changed to 3, and when changed to HEX it is actually the same. Write down your HEX value for the Pokerus field to use for later.
8. Change Jirachi's IVs. You may notice that the last 3 codes we used had Box Names for Box 14, and we did not require the use of an exit code bootstrap. Our final codes will require an exit code bootstrap, so we need to get Box 14 to be named Πagain. To do this, we simply find the E-Sh4rk code titled "Restore 'BX r0' in box 14 name" and hit Compute. We do need to move our Step 2 glitch pokemon back to Box 14 before executing this code, but once we're ready we can change our Box Names and execute ACE. Double check that Box 14's name was changed to Πand we are now good to run our finals codes. Find the E-Sh4rk code "Change Pokemon IVs and ability (with exit code bootstrap)." One more value we need to calculate is the OTID, which is a function of your TID/SID. Since we are all using the TID/SID combo of 20043/0, we will all have the same OTID as well. OTID = TID + (SID*65536), which for all of us will just be 20043 (decimal). Convert that to hexadecimal and we have our OTID = 4E4B (technically 00004E4B, but the 0s are not shown at the start of the value. No need to input them). Back to the E-Sh4rk code, we can change the parameters so that pid = 0x__________ (same as before), and otid = 0x4E4B. Under new_hp, new_atk, new_def, new_speed, new_spe_atk, and new_spe_def we will put in the IVs that are matching with your chosen PID from the legal shiny PID sheet (just put the IV values, no 0x___). new_ability = 0, and cur_encoded_ivea = 0x_________ (input your calculated IVEA value in hexadecimal from Step 6). Just for reference again, MY values were all pid = 0x7b053548 ; otid = 0x4E4B ; IVs just equaled my correct IVs from the sheet ; new_ability = 0, and cur_encoded_ivea = 0x69E4E671. If you chose a different PID, then your PID, IVs, and IVEA will not match mine. Do not change any of the following cur_ parameters underneath the cur_encoded_ivea; just leave them all as 0. Move your shiny Jirachi to Box 10 Slot 19. Hit Compute on the code, copy Box Names, and execute ACE. If everything is done correctly, your shiny Jirachi should look the same but rest assured its IVs should have changed. If this code turns your Jirachi into a bad egg, it means one of your parameters was incorrect so you should double check that your PID, OTID, and IVEA are all input correctly, and the cur_ability = 0 ; cur_is_egg = 0. Just reset and try again with new box names after correcting your parameters.
9. Change Jirachi's origin to S and set fateful encounter flag. This is the final step! Find E-Sh4rk's code "Change Pokemon Pkrs and Origins (with exit code bootstrap)" Let's just move through all the parameters that we need to change one by one. inaccurate_emu = 0 on console and 1 on emulator ; pid = 0x___________ (same one we keep using) ; OTID = 0x4E4B. We will find "cur_loc" based on Bulbapedia's locations index number), pull open the list dropdown and find your Jirachi's met location's Hex value. If we follow along with Route 101, our Hex value is 0x10. So back to E-Sh4rk, our cur_loc is 0x10 ; new_loc = 0xFF (this is to set fateful encounter) ; cur_met_lvl = 0 (since we hatched an egg) ; new_met_lvl = 0 (I've tried different values here such as 5 and they all produce bad eggs unless this remains 0) ; cur_origin_game = 3 (for Emerald) ; new_origin_game = 1 or 2 (whichever for Ruby or Sapphire) ; cur_ball = 4 (in a Pokeball since it was hatched) ; new_ball = 4 (keep Jirachi in a Pokeball to remain legal) ; cur_ot_gender = 0 if your character is a male and 1 if your character is a female ; new_ot_gender = 0 (must be male. Will not change your actual gender); and finally, cur_encoded_pkrs = 0x____ (whatever Hex value you calculated for Step 7). Mine was cur_encoded_pkrs = 0x3. You do not need to change cur_pkrs = 0x00 or new_pkrs = 0x00. Make sure shiny Jirachi is still in Box 10 Slot 19. Hit Compute, change your Box Names, save your game, and execute ACE. If all parameters are done correctly, your shiny Jirachi will not have turned into a bad egg and it should be all set! Your met location will read "met somewhere at lv5." which is normal. You can run the TID/SID code from Step 3 again to change yours back to the original, or make up a new one! After changing your TID/SID, your Jirachi's met location will read "obtained in a fateful encounter at lv5." You can also change your Trainer Name back if you desire, and it will not influence Jirachi at all!

Now let's take a look at our shiny Jirachi: OT / WISHMKR (male), TID 20043, SID 0, PID 7b053548 (or another one selected from the list), matching IVs and nature, caught in a Pokeball, normal moveset, lvl 5, obtained in a fateful encounter, origin game Ruby or Sapphire. That checks all of our criteria! Congratulations on your new Shiny WISHMKR Jirachi!!

I've tried searching this question, but people tend to either misinterpret the question or give hand-waving non-answers. So I do want to preface this with a few statements just to be clear that there is no misunderstanding about what I'm asking.
First, I am aware that classical mechanics is wrong and that F=G(m1+m2)/r² is only a really good approximation.
Second, I am aware that gravity is not a force that extends out from an object, but a result of curved spacetime and that the appearance of this force is just a result of how objects objects in free fall move through this curved spacetime.
Third, I'm aware that there is a point at large distances where the gravitational attraction between two bodies is not enough to overcome the expansion of the universe and they become gravitationally unbound.
Fourth, I am aware that gravity moves at the speed of light. My question is assuming that the system has existed in whatever state long enough that light from either object has reached the other.
Fifth, I am aware that you would eventually get to a point where the effect of gravity would be so inconceivably small that it's essentially zero and unmeasurable by any modern equipment. I am talking about conceptually. If you enter in any distance r into the classical equation above no matter how big, you will get a non-zero number for F if you go out enough decimal places and this non-zero number is the focus of my question.
What I want to know is where, if at all, does general relativity say that the effects of gravity are zero while classical mechanics wouldn't?
Can't those two gravitationally unbound objects still feel the effects of eachothers gravity even though it may be too weak to overcome the rate of expansion. If not, where does the effect of an object's gravity reach zero?
The most thorough answers I can find eventually fall into something along the lines of "an objects gravitational effects do not extend out infinitly because at a certain distance gravity cannot overcome the effects of universal expansion" or "when you get out far enough, spacetime is flat and empty and you are not impacted by any object's gravity" without explaining any more. OK but why does one effect overcoming another mean that the weaker effect isn't there at all? At what distance from an object specifically does spacetime get "flat and empty" again?