Topic sentences worksheet
Brand New Sentence
2018.07.26 01:42 Gaenya Brand New Sentence
For sentences never before written, found in the wild.
2013.09.28 21:30 yellowyn Cognitive Behavorial Therapy: Thinking ourselves better
A subreddit focused on the practice of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is a form of psychotherapy that emphasizes the important role of thinking. CBT starts with the assumption that changing maladaptive thinking leads to change in behavior and emotions. The treatment focuses on changing an individual's thoughts (cognitive patterns) in order to change his or her behavior and emotional state.
2014.03.06 00:54 selfabortion Two-Sentence Horror Stories: Bite-sized scares.
Give us your scariest story in two sentences (or less)!
2024.06.09 15:51 Routine_Persimmon69 First post, and if you read it, or even skim through, you are amazing.
(I’m not editing otherwise I’ll just never end up posting this…so, it’s long and jumbled)
I’m sorry. Another one of these posts. My first time posting though. Going to talk to my psychiatrist at my Wednesday appointment and bring up about possibly having adhd. Please give me advice. One thing I’ll say though is I’ve been dealing with these things forever, so it’s hard for me sometimes to think of examples or comprehend the big pig of these questions like “How often do you have trouble listening to someone, even when they are speaking directly to you — like your mind is somewhere else?” So then, I have to really think about my day to day life. So, here’s just some things about me that drive me crazy, make me cry, and have SOMEWHAT accepted. I’m 37 now. Of course, I lose things, a lot. Just a recent thought is I lost my phone like 7 times in 4 hours. The other night I was looking at a recipe going to make something, and I can’t stand (which I assume, most don’t) but reading all the story about the receipe so I’m scrolling up and down and up and down because I apparently can’t just slow down, and go through it from the top down and find it. Ah, yes found it. I think I’ll call my grandma because it’s hot in my house our air isn’t working, I’m going to see if it’s hot in her house, because hers isn’t working. “Okay where’s my phone” leave the counter go look a minute and realized I was just looking at it, to find a recipe. Oooook, so this is just how things are all the time, so there’s just a small thing.
As exampled above, I always have things going through my head, and not that I dont realize it, but sometimes I’m so accustomed to it, I don’t think about it because I just always feel like everything is moving fast in my head and around me….when we could simply be sitting at a restaurant outside. The wind is blowing getting hair in my face….my kids are running around the table…I’m participating in a game of charades with them (always feel we’re that weird family out to eat…there’s me, husband (with adhd, doesn’t treat it..)10 year old, 8 year old, 5 year old. Thinking about needing to get home, because I need to get everyone to brush their teeth, get pajamas on, get to bed…like it’s a race because, I don’t know why because it’s Saturday….we get home, now I’m over stimulated, and have been….now I’m rushing around to help them…and I just need to get out of the room/house to be alone for a little bit because there’s too much going on. And the thing is…10 year old is on the couch…and the other 2 might just be sitting on their tablets…and no one is really doing anything. This again is a small example, of my day to day. Why we go out to eat when we have all the kids I don’t know. In many cases I can feel like I’m in my own world with a bunch of noise happening in my head…and my son is doing absolutely nothing I would probably say is that loud//“annoying”….but this is just how I feel. There’s sounds of a festival going on at my work…when it’s quiet. Sometimes not a festival, may sometimes just be a conversation with myself. Which, sometimes, now and again, comes out of my mouth. And one of my co workers will walk by and I just say I’m just having a conversation with myself pay no mind.
So going off of that, now if I get over stimulated and don’t take a break…because I can feel the irritation building up….i can just scream, like I’m over this right now, I have GOT to leave this situation…. Which could frankly be at work, I feel too much is going on…sitting at my desk. At my desk I am switching position how I sit I don’t know how many times, sitting on my legs…all the way forward…all the way back, legs crossed…oookay let’s switch. I doodle on my paperwork…I work as customer service, I feel because I’ve done customer service so long, I do pretty well paying attention to the customer….but at my current job it’s become challenging. I worked from home before…so I could do other things like…make a list of all the things I need to do, that I won’t that day…week…whatever. I could be “productive” I’ll call it. Here, I have other people taking calls which I can hear them, people walking by, this fan blowing about 10 ft in front of me….the lady behind me putting her cell phone down on her desk…and I have got to go to the bathroom because I’m about to pee my pants because I’ve waited too long.
Okay. Moving on. I put things off, pretty bad. It could be a text back to my dad just asking if want to do lunch next Saturday. I feel like I can’t respond, though, I am just reading it…and then I just think I have to remember to respond, go about my life and remember that I haven’t texted him back…which maybe 4 days have gone by at this time….because I feel like I just can’t so I will put a reminder that I need to text him back. I need to make a dentist appt I need to pay for my girls summer camp I need to do the laundry otherwise my kids will have no clean clothes to wear I need to blah blah blah…because I just can’t do it right now, though, I feel a “normal” person would go, why wouldn’t you just do it right then because you have time. My answer is I don’t know, I just can’t. Again, just a sample.
Spend too much money because at that moment I know this will help me feel better, if someone is reading something out of a book, but I have what they’re reading in front of me…I’ll listen to what they’re saying but then read the sheet probably in about 5 seconds. Okay fine. Okay now, what is this about? Let me re-read.
A planner for budgeting, I do get the bills paid on time, though lately again since I’ve been at this job, it’s gotten my challenging because I can’t just do whatever I want at my desk while working….but once bills are paid, we know what we have left….but…let’s spend 100 dollars on dinner…oh and I still need to get groceries…..so hopefully I get to that before there’s no coffee in the morning. OPE, no coffee this morning…I’ll just drive to the gas station, get some come back home. GET COFFEE, text husband, put reminder. It’s 9pm, walked by the empty k cup holder who knows how many times by now, “did you get coffee”.
I can blow up at small things then feel horrible. I have no friends, when I talk to people I talk too much, too fast…so a lot of times I just won’t say much, oh! But then you say a topic I l am excited about! Flood gates open and I have to bite my tongue not to jump in…and then I’m focusing on that and half listening to what you’re saying…at this point I’ve thought about it and decide I better just say a sentence response or “exactly”…or just word flood.
And all of this posts, this is how I talk, and what I hear in my mind….along with who knows what else.
It’s too much, day to day. It’s gotten really bad lately and I think it’s because my only friend died…and I absolutely hate my job, I have to even drive 40 minutes too, generally almost late every day…been there over a year. Late most of the time to places…unless I’m way too early, because I’m afraid I’ll miss an appt so I can’t do anything that day. I’ve also felt more depressed lately, feeling like a failure, feeling like there’s something wrong with me, I’m weird I think I am ugly . Sometimes I feel sad and I don’t know why…sometimes I feel anxiety and I don’t know why. And if I’m not moving a mile a minute, I’m sitting and can’t do anything, and I feel like I HAVE to go do something…now. Let’s go. Oh, let’s go spend money we don’t have.
I feel I do have depression, and I do have GAD, but I feel this is all a big cause of it, or at least a portion. I don’t think it’s all major depression disorder and gad.
Omg. If you read this you’re amazing…even if you just skipped through it. Thank you.
submitted by Routine_Persimmon69 to adhdwomen [link] [comments]
I’m sorry. Another one of these posts. My first time posting though. Going to talk to my psychiatrist at my Wednesday appointment and bring up about possibly having adhd. Please give me advice. One thing I’ll say though is I’ve been dealing with these things forever, so it’s hard for me sometimes to think of examples or comprehend the big pig of these questions like “How often do you have trouble listening to someone, even when they are speaking directly to you — like your mind is somewhere else?” So then, I have to really think about my day to day life. So, here’s just some things about me that drive me crazy, make me cry, and have SOMEWHAT accepted. I’m 37 now. Of course, I lose things, a lot. Just a recent thought is I lost my phone like 7 times in 4 hours. The other night I was looking at a recipe going to make something, and I can’t stand (which I assume, most don’t) but reading all the story about the receipe so I’m scrolling up and down and up and down because I apparently can’t just slow down, and go through it from the top down and find it. Ah, yes found it. I think I’ll call my grandma because it’s hot in my house our air isn’t working, I’m going to see if it’s hot in her house, because hers isn’t working. “Okay where’s my phone” leave the counter go look a minute and realized I was just looking at it, to find a recipe. Oooook, so this is just how things are all the time, so there’s just a small thing.
As exampled above, I always have things going through my head, and not that I dont realize it, but sometimes I’m so accustomed to it, I don’t think about it because I just always feel like everything is moving fast in my head and around me….when we could simply be sitting at a restaurant outside. The wind is blowing getting hair in my face….my kids are running around the table…I’m participating in a game of charades with them (always feel we’re that weird family out to eat…there’s me, husband (with adhd, doesn’t treat it..)10 year old, 8 year old, 5 year old. Thinking about needing to get home, because I need to get everyone to brush their teeth, get pajamas on, get to bed…like it’s a race because, I don’t know why because it’s Saturday….we get home, now I’m over stimulated, and have been….now I’m rushing around to help them…and I just need to get out of the room/house to be alone for a little bit because there’s too much going on. And the thing is…10 year old is on the couch…and the other 2 might just be sitting on their tablets…and no one is really doing anything. This again is a small example, of my day to day. Why we go out to eat when we have all the kids I don’t know. In many cases I can feel like I’m in my own world with a bunch of noise happening in my head…and my son is doing absolutely nothing I would probably say is that loud//“annoying”….but this is just how I feel. There’s sounds of a festival going on at my work…when it’s quiet. Sometimes not a festival, may sometimes just be a conversation with myself. Which, sometimes, now and again, comes out of my mouth. And one of my co workers will walk by and I just say I’m just having a conversation with myself pay no mind.
So going off of that, now if I get over stimulated and don’t take a break…because I can feel the irritation building up….i can just scream, like I’m over this right now, I have GOT to leave this situation…. Which could frankly be at work, I feel too much is going on…sitting at my desk. At my desk I am switching position how I sit I don’t know how many times, sitting on my legs…all the way forward…all the way back, legs crossed…oookay let’s switch. I doodle on my paperwork…I work as customer service, I feel because I’ve done customer service so long, I do pretty well paying attention to the customer….but at my current job it’s become challenging. I worked from home before…so I could do other things like…make a list of all the things I need to do, that I won’t that day…week…whatever. I could be “productive” I’ll call it. Here, I have other people taking calls which I can hear them, people walking by, this fan blowing about 10 ft in front of me….the lady behind me putting her cell phone down on her desk…and I have got to go to the bathroom because I’m about to pee my pants because I’ve waited too long.
Okay. Moving on. I put things off, pretty bad. It could be a text back to my dad just asking if want to do lunch next Saturday. I feel like I can’t respond, though, I am just reading it…and then I just think I have to remember to respond, go about my life and remember that I haven’t texted him back…which maybe 4 days have gone by at this time….because I feel like I just can’t so I will put a reminder that I need to text him back. I need to make a dentist appt I need to pay for my girls summer camp I need to do the laundry otherwise my kids will have no clean clothes to wear I need to blah blah blah…because I just can’t do it right now, though, I feel a “normal” person would go, why wouldn’t you just do it right then because you have time. My answer is I don’t know, I just can’t. Again, just a sample.
Spend too much money because at that moment I know this will help me feel better, if someone is reading something out of a book, but I have what they’re reading in front of me…I’ll listen to what they’re saying but then read the sheet probably in about 5 seconds. Okay fine. Okay now, what is this about? Let me re-read.
A planner for budgeting, I do get the bills paid on time, though lately again since I’ve been at this job, it’s gotten my challenging because I can’t just do whatever I want at my desk while working….but once bills are paid, we know what we have left….but…let’s spend 100 dollars on dinner…oh and I still need to get groceries…..so hopefully I get to that before there’s no coffee in the morning. OPE, no coffee this morning…I’ll just drive to the gas station, get some come back home. GET COFFEE, text husband, put reminder. It’s 9pm, walked by the empty k cup holder who knows how many times by now, “did you get coffee”.
I can blow up at small things then feel horrible. I have no friends, when I talk to people I talk too much, too fast…so a lot of times I just won’t say much, oh! But then you say a topic I l am excited about! Flood gates open and I have to bite my tongue not to jump in…and then I’m focusing on that and half listening to what you’re saying…at this point I’ve thought about it and decide I better just say a sentence response or “exactly”…or just word flood.
And all of this posts, this is how I talk, and what I hear in my mind….along with who knows what else.
It’s too much, day to day. It’s gotten really bad lately and I think it’s because my only friend died…and I absolutely hate my job, I have to even drive 40 minutes too, generally almost late every day…been there over a year. Late most of the time to places…unless I’m way too early, because I’m afraid I’ll miss an appt so I can’t do anything that day. I’ve also felt more depressed lately, feeling like a failure, feeling like there’s something wrong with me, I’m weird I think I am ugly . Sometimes I feel sad and I don’t know why…sometimes I feel anxiety and I don’t know why. And if I’m not moving a mile a minute, I’m sitting and can’t do anything, and I feel like I HAVE to go do something…now. Let’s go. Oh, let’s go spend money we don’t have.
I feel I do have depression, and I do have GAD, but I feel this is all a big cause of it, or at least a portion. I don’t think it’s all major depression disorder and gad.
Omg. If you read this you’re amazing…even if you just skipped through it. Thank you.
2024.06.09 14:45 konnieg11 UK Participants wanted! Survey on Sentencing Offenders in the UK (18+)
Hi, I’m a doctoral student doing my research project on public perception and sentencing of offenders in the UK. The survey involves reading some scenarios and answering questions on the scenarios you read. It should take about 10 minutes to complete. No background knowledge is required. Please note that participating in this survey involves engaging with a sensitive topic that may evoke emotional discomfort.
Eligibility criteria:
· Over 18
· Reside in the UK
If you would like to take part, please follow ONE of the links below
https://forms.office.com/e/gS8ttruJYX
https://forms.office.com/e/nFMAjLwTFH
Thank you! 😊
submitted by konnieg11 to participating [link] [comments]
Eligibility criteria:
· Over 18
· Reside in the UK
If you would like to take part, please follow ONE of the links below
https://forms.office.com/e/gS8ttruJYX
https://forms.office.com/e/nFMAjLwTFH
Thank you! 😊
2024.06.09 14:43 konnieg11 UK Participants wanted! Survey on Sentencing Offenders in the UK (18+)
Hi, I’m a doctoral student doing my research project on public perception and sentencing of offenders in the UK. The survey involves reading some scenarios and answering questions on the scenarios you read. It should take about 10 minutes to complete. No background knowledge is required. Please note that participating in this survey involves engaging with a sensitive topic that may evoke emotional discomfort.
Eligibility criteria:
· Over 18
· Reside in the UK
If you would like to take part, please follow ONE of the links below
https://forms.office.com/e/gS8ttruJYX
https://forms.office.com/e/nFMAjLwTFH
Thank you! 😊
submitted by konnieg11 to ParticipantRecruit [link] [comments]
Eligibility criteria:
· Over 18
· Reside in the UK
If you would like to take part, please follow ONE of the links below
https://forms.office.com/e/gS8ttruJYX
https://forms.office.com/e/nFMAjLwTFH
Thank you! 😊
2024.06.09 14:41 konnieg11 UK Participants wanted! Survey on Sentencing Offenders in the UK (18+, UK)
Hi, I’m a doctoral student doing my research project on public perception and sentencing of offenders in the UK. The survey involves reading some scenarios and answering questions on the scenarios you read. It should take about 10 minutes to complete. No background knowledge is required. Please note that participating in this survey involves engaging with a sensitive topic that may evoke emotional discomfort.
Eligibility criteria:
· Over 18
· Reside in the UK
If you would like to take part, please follow ONE of the links below
https://forms.office.com/e/gS8ttruJYX
https://forms.office.com/e/nFMAjLwTFH
Thank you! 😊
submitted by konnieg11 to SurveyExchange [link] [comments]
Eligibility criteria:
· Over 18
· Reside in the UK
If you would like to take part, please follow ONE of the links below
https://forms.office.com/e/gS8ttruJYX
https://forms.office.com/e/nFMAjLwTFH
Thank you! 😊
2024.06.09 14:40 konnieg11 UK Participants wanted! Survey on Sentencing Offenders in the UK (18+, UK)
Hi, I’m a doctoral student doing my research project on public perception and sentencing of offenders in the UK. The survey involves reading some scenarios and answering questions on the scenarios you read. It should take about 10 minutes to complete. No background knowledge is required. Please note that participating in this survey involves engaging with a sensitive topic that may evoke emotional discomfort.
Eligibility criteria:
· Over 18
· Reside in the UK
If you would like to take part, please follow ONE of the links below
https://forms.office.com/e/gS8ttruJYX
https://forms.office.com/e/nFMAjLwTFH
Thank you! 😊
submitted by konnieg11 to SampleSize [link] [comments]
Eligibility criteria:
· Over 18
· Reside in the UK
If you would like to take part, please follow ONE of the links below
https://forms.office.com/e/gS8ttruJYX
https://forms.office.com/e/nFMAjLwTFH
Thank you! 😊
2024.06.09 13:19 raytechknowledge Subliminal - Requesting Guidance
Hey All,
I am.olannimg to create a silent subliminal or few subliminal for self use on the following -
My question is would it be on to make one single subliminal or should I break it into multiple? If multiple if you can suggest what topics I should combine or make individual subs for each of the topic?
Thanks a ton.
submitted by raytechknowledge to Subliminals [link] [comments]
I am.olannimg to create a silent subliminal or few subliminal for self use on the following -
- Successful Stock Trading/Wealth Generation
- Weight Loss
- Focus & Concentration plus some other behaviourial changes.
- Superfast learning.
My question is would it be on to make one single subliminal or should I break it into multiple? If multiple if you can suggest what topics I should combine or make individual subs for each of the topic?
Thanks a ton.
2024.06.09 09:54 Railgun_Misaka Pavol Rypal, an investigative journalist, wrote articles about organized crime. In 2008, he disappeared and never contacted anyone again.
Slovakia has multiple cases of murders or disappearances of investigative journalists, and this is one of them that isn't that heavily covered in Slovak media, so I decided to cover this case first.
"Pavol Rypal was one of the journalists who tackled the most dangerous issues, such as organized crime in the state. Informing about the methods of serious crimes, large sums of money being siphoned, and sophisticated underworld transactions is treacherous terrain for a journalist and often proves inconvenient for many involved parties," says security analyst Juraj Zabojnik.
Among the cases on Pavol's list was the disappearance of Katarina Hrozanyova, an ordinary woman, mother of two children, and an official of Slovenska sporitelna (the largest commercial bank in Slovakia). Her mysterious disappearance caught the attention of several journalists at the time.
Members of two rival gangs discussed the tragic fate of this ordinary woman. According to their testimonies, the Takac family, along with the Sator family, were involved in the kidnapping and brutal murder of 37-year-old Katarina. In 2005, an unknown man was supposed to pay a million crowns to the mafia for her liquidation.
The most feared killer from the Sator clan, Zsolt Nagy, known as Conty, allegedly marked the spot in the outskirts of the village of Blazov where he buried Katarina's body. However, her remains have never been found.
However, he did not vanish without explanation: he left a handwritten note for his girlfriend, instructing her to take the cats and dispose of his belongings. "I'm sorry, but I saw no other way out," the message read. "Disappearing is not easy; it's mentally taxing." There must be a serious reason behind it. "You have to sever lifelong ties with your closest family," said psychologist Anton Heretik, who also knew him personally, after his disappearance.
According to the police, he took 30,000 Slovak crowns in cash, a laptop and a camera with him.
"Physical harm to him was mentioned by a witness for the first time half a year ago. Then a second witness from Germany spoke, followed by Jana Teleki. Later, I also received several anonymous messages, but I didn't pay them much attention," says Peter Nota.
According to his information, the main reason for Pavol's liquidation were promissory notes, either from TV Markiza or from Ducky. Peter believes that Pavol's body will be found concreted in a well in Zazriva.
"If journalist Pavol Rypal's body was buried in this location, it would definitely confirm that both cases involving promissory notes are connected and have the same owners. According to my information, in both cases, they were BIANKA promissory notes, and the signatures were either forged, even in Ducky's promissory notes, or they were signed later than claimed," Peter reveals.
Ducky's promissory notes were signed by Jan Ducky, director of the Slovak Gas Industry (SPP). Their consideration was supposed to be "services of a commercial and financial nature," which never materialized. The promissory notes were not registered in the accounting of the SPP and therefore it is not known to this day for what amount all the promissory notes were issued, but there is talk of several billion crowns. Some promissory notes could be blank even without specifying the amount. Ducky was found shot dead on January 11, 1999.
In the case of TV Markiza promissory notes, while the controversial Marian Kocner was in the limelight, he engaged in legal battles for significant sums. One such case involved the promissory notes. In mid-June 2016, the mafioso's company sued Pavel Rusko and Markiza TV for the payment of four promissory notes totaling 69 million euros. He claimed that they were issued years ago as part of a settlement over television with his former company, Gamatex. On February 27, 2020, the Specialized Criminal Court convicted Kocner and Rusko of forgery and sentenced them to 19 years in prison.
"In my opinion, the state knew who killed him, just like they did in Daniel Tupy's case," his colleague Peter Nota once wrote on social media.
He also said that he knows who killed him and that the person who ordered it is still alive, while the killer is dead.
According to the witness, Pavol Rypal managed to unravel a major case involving the mafia, connections with politicians, and the procurement of information. "He kept repeating that they wanted to kill him," the witness recalls. Rypal allegedly told the witness that the people who wanted to kill him knew where he was and that if he didn't manage to escape abroad, they would execute him. According to the witness, he also complained that he worked on topics, but no one wanted to publish them, and that he had information no one else possessed.
"He claimed that we live in a time when the state knows that someone wants to kill you, but does nothing about it. He wasn't afraid of the mafia; he was afraid of the state," reads the blog. According to the witness, Rypal was supposed to leave the establishment between five and six in the morning. No one has seen him since.
Despite this, it's worth noting that the SMER-SD party has been in power for four election cycles, and they continue to hold power even now. Sadly, in the election polls, the populist, pro-Russian party still ranks first.
The family no longer believes that Pavol is alive. But they would like to find his body and bury him.
In 2018, his sister Iveta wrote on Facebook that she had learned the most terrible news: her brother had been murdered. She expressed her grief and revealed the fears that had haunted her and her family. Iveta's post reflected her struggle to remain strong while grappling with the devastating truth. She stated unequivocally that her brother, investigative journalist Pavol Rypal, was no longer alive, and she firmly believed that he had been murdered."
According to TASR, the search for Pavol is ongoing.
Sources:
https://www.zilinak.sk/clanky/27898/od-zmiznutia-novinara-pala-rypala-preslo-16-rokov-podla-sestry-ho-zavrazdili-interpol-ho-stale-hlada
https://www1.pluska.sk/krimi/nezvestny-novinar-palo-rypal-viem-preco-zomrel-sokuje-jeho-kamarat
https://www.startitup.sk/exkluzivne-palo-rypal-je-nezvestny-uz-15-rokov-pred-zmiznutim-pisal-o-katarine-hrozanyovej/
https://domov.sme.sk/c/23160212/pavol-rypal-zmiznutie-vyrocie.html
https://plus7dni.pluska.sk/domov/novinar-palo-rypal-je-nezvestny-15-rokov-odkaz-jeho-sestry-mrazi
https://www.ginn.press/news/palo-rypal
https://www.topky.sk/gl/541133/2150227/Dalsi-zavrazdeny-novinar--Vieme--ze-je-mrtvy--tvrdi-rodina-10-rokov-nezvestneho-Pala-Rypala
https://www.omediach.com/tlac/14264-nezvestny-novinar-pavol-rypal-je-nadalej-v-patrani
https://www.dnes24.sk/desat-rokov-od-zmiznutia-nezvestny-novinar-pavol-rypal-je-nadalej-v-patrani-313469
https://sarm.pluska.sk/pribehy/vrah-pala-rypala-nebeha-slobode-vysetrovanie-podla-jeho-kamarata-pokrocilo/3
https://www.topky.sk/cl/1002009/1699587/Nevysetrene-pripady-zmiznutych-novinarov--Jana-Kuciaka-popravili--kam-sa-podeli-Pejko-ci-Rypal-
submitted by Railgun_Misaka to UnresolvedMysteries [link] [comments]
A Dangerous Job
Pavol Rypal, 39 years old, was an investigative journalist known for exposing the operations of the Slovak mafia. He shed light on crime-related cases and the underworld in Plus 7 Days, Reporters of STV, Krimi SK, and Palba on TV Markiza. Pavol assisted many people who were wrongfully harmed by the state."Pavol Rypal was one of the journalists who tackled the most dangerous issues, such as organized crime in the state. Informing about the methods of serious crimes, large sums of money being siphoned, and sophisticated underworld transactions is treacherous terrain for a journalist and often proves inconvenient for many involved parties," says security analyst Juraj Zabojnik.
Last Cases He Worked on Before Disappearance
According to findings by Startitup reporters, just before his disappearance, Pavol was working on a large project involving hundreds of missing people whose cases remained unresolved.Among the cases on Pavol's list was the disappearance of Katarina Hrozanyova, an ordinary woman, mother of two children, and an official of Slovenska sporitelna (the largest commercial bank in Slovakia). Her mysterious disappearance caught the attention of several journalists at the time.
Members of two rival gangs discussed the tragic fate of this ordinary woman. According to their testimonies, the Takac family, along with the Sator family, were involved in the kidnapping and brutal murder of 37-year-old Katarina. In 2005, an unknown man was supposed to pay a million crowns to the mafia for her liquidation.
The most feared killer from the Sator clan, Zsolt Nagy, known as Conty, allegedly marked the spot in the outskirts of the village of Blazov where he buried Katarina's body. However, her remains have never been found.
The Disappearance
Pavol disappeared on April 22, 2008, from a rented apartment on Rezedova Street in Bratislava, and no one knows where or why. The day before, he tended to work matters, arranged other meetings, and was last seen in Bratislava by the owner of the apartment. Yet, he remains unfound, and he has not contacted his family. Various theories about his disappearance exist, but evidence is lacking.However, he did not vanish without explanation: he left a handwritten note for his girlfriend, instructing her to take the cats and dispose of his belongings. "I'm sorry, but I saw no other way out," the message read. "Disappearing is not easy; it's mentally taxing." There must be a serious reason behind it. "You have to sever lifelong ties with your closest family," said psychologist Anton Heretik, who also knew him personally, after his disappearance.
According to the police, he took 30,000 Slovak crowns in cash, a laptop and a camera with him.
Clues About Murder
In 2018, Plus Media reported information from his friend and colleague, Peter Nota. Peter received information about the location where Pavol's body was supposedly buried, apparently in Zazriva village, in the middle of a forest. Over the next two weeks, two more witnesses contacted him, confirming the same location. According to them, there are at least two to three other bodies buried in the area. One of them allegedly belongs to journalist Pavol Rypal, missing for more than a decade."Physical harm to him was mentioned by a witness for the first time half a year ago. Then a second witness from Germany spoke, followed by Jana Teleki. Later, I also received several anonymous messages, but I didn't pay them much attention," says Peter Nota.
According to his information, the main reason for Pavol's liquidation were promissory notes, either from TV Markiza or from Ducky. Peter believes that Pavol's body will be found concreted in a well in Zazriva.
"If journalist Pavol Rypal's body was buried in this location, it would definitely confirm that both cases involving promissory notes are connected and have the same owners. According to my information, in both cases, they were BIANKA promissory notes, and the signatures were either forged, even in Ducky's promissory notes, or they were signed later than claimed," Peter reveals.
Ducky's promissory notes were signed by Jan Ducky, director of the Slovak Gas Industry (SPP). Their consideration was supposed to be "services of a commercial and financial nature," which never materialized. The promissory notes were not registered in the accounting of the SPP and therefore it is not known to this day for what amount all the promissory notes were issued, but there is talk of several billion crowns. Some promissory notes could be blank even without specifying the amount. Ducky was found shot dead on January 11, 1999.
In the case of TV Markiza promissory notes, while the controversial Marian Kocner was in the limelight, he engaged in legal battles for significant sums. One such case involved the promissory notes. In mid-June 2016, the mafioso's company sued Pavel Rusko and Markiza TV for the payment of four promissory notes totaling 69 million euros. He claimed that they were issued years ago as part of a settlement over television with his former company, Gamatex. On February 27, 2020, the Specialized Criminal Court convicted Kocner and Rusko of forgery and sentenced them to 19 years in prison.
"In my opinion, the state knew who killed him, just like they did in Daniel Tupy's case," his colleague Peter Nota once wrote on social media.
He also said that he knows who killed him and that the person who ordered it is still alive, while the killer is dead.
Witness Testimony
"He said his name was Pavol Rypal, a journalist. He was stressed and disheveled," the witness conveyed to Peter Nota. The journalist allegedly recounted his entire story to him, omitting names. "He kept talking about how he had uncovered a case and they wanted to kill him. He said he returned to Bratislava because he had been spotted in southern Slovakia," the witness says. He supposedly traveled to the capital city on foot. He only had a laptop with him, which contained an exclusive story.According to the witness, Pavol Rypal managed to unravel a major case involving the mafia, connections with politicians, and the procurement of information. "He kept repeating that they wanted to kill him," the witness recalls. Rypal allegedly told the witness that the people who wanted to kill him knew where he was and that if he didn't manage to escape abroad, they would execute him. According to the witness, he also complained that he worked on topics, but no one wanted to publish them, and that he had information no one else possessed.
"He claimed that we live in a time when the state knows that someone wants to kill you, but does nothing about it. He wasn't afraid of the mafia; he was afraid of the state," reads the blog. According to the witness, Rypal was supposed to leave the establishment between five and six in the morning. No one has seen him since.
State Concealment?
According to Peter Nota, there are individuals who possess comprehensive knowledge about this case. The archive regarding Pavol is allegedly located abroad. It's possible, colloquially speaking, that foreign intelligence services are involved. Peter says that certain foreign entities have meticulously tracked the behavior of Slovak politicians and oligarchs over the past 20 years. They've even mapped out the connections between the underworld and political leaders. In Slovakia, it's feasible to arrange for someone's demise. The famous quote of Pavol Paska (former speaker of parliament for the SMER-SD party) rings true: 'Win the elections and you can do anything.' This includes orchestrating kidnappings, murders, and theft...Despite this, it's worth noting that the SMER-SD party has been in power for four election cycles, and they continue to hold power even now. Sadly, in the election polls, the populist, pro-Russian party still ranks first.
Family Convinced Pavol Was Murdered
Iveta Uhliarikova, Pavol's sister, also spoke about her brother at the launch of the book Slovak Mafia on the Aktuality portal. According to her, his family worried about him due to his work, and he was certainly in danger. Once, he was supposed to run home because a red light appeared on his shirt.The family no longer believes that Pavol is alive. But they would like to find his body and bury him.
In 2018, his sister Iveta wrote on Facebook that she had learned the most terrible news: her brother had been murdered. She expressed her grief and revealed the fears that had haunted her and her family. Iveta's post reflected her struggle to remain strong while grappling with the devastating truth. She stated unequivocally that her brother, investigative journalist Pavol Rypal, was no longer alive, and she firmly believed that he had been murdered."
According to TASR, the search for Pavol is ongoing.
Sources:
https://www.zilinak.sk/clanky/27898/od-zmiznutia-novinara-pala-rypala-preslo-16-rokov-podla-sestry-ho-zavrazdili-interpol-ho-stale-hlada
https://www1.pluska.sk/krimi/nezvestny-novinar-palo-rypal-viem-preco-zomrel-sokuje-jeho-kamarat
https://www.startitup.sk/exkluzivne-palo-rypal-je-nezvestny-uz-15-rokov-pred-zmiznutim-pisal-o-katarine-hrozanyovej/
https://domov.sme.sk/c/23160212/pavol-rypal-zmiznutie-vyrocie.html
https://plus7dni.pluska.sk/domov/novinar-palo-rypal-je-nezvestny-15-rokov-odkaz-jeho-sestry-mrazi
https://www.ginn.press/news/palo-rypal
https://www.topky.sk/gl/541133/2150227/Dalsi-zavrazdeny-novinar--Vieme--ze-je-mrtvy--tvrdi-rodina-10-rokov-nezvestneho-Pala-Rypala
https://www.omediach.com/tlac/14264-nezvestny-novinar-pavol-rypal-je-nadalej-v-patrani
https://www.dnes24.sk/desat-rokov-od-zmiznutia-nezvestny-novinar-pavol-rypal-je-nadalej-v-patrani-313469
https://sarm.pluska.sk/pribehy/vrah-pala-rypala-nebeha-slobode-vysetrovanie-podla-jeho-kamarata-pokrocilo/3
https://www.topky.sk/cl/1002009/1699587/Nevysetrene-pripady-zmiznutych-novinarov--Jana-Kuciaka-popravili--kam-sa-podeli-Pejko-ci-Rypal-
2024.06.09 09:28 Fun_Yak3615 Creating a Comprehensive ANKI French Deck / Personal Journey
 | This will be an ongoing journal type thing until I get to approximately B2 in my target language (French) with the goal of making a systematic process as I go along that is comprehensive via only ANKI. I will be doing this in real time, but also retrospectively making improvements so that when I finish, the process will be much more efficient for the next person (as well as for myself for any future languages). submitted by Fun_Yak3615 to French [link] [comments] Every 20 hours of ANKI study time, I will take a mock exam to track my progress. The mock exams will go up in level as I pass the previous levels. I have just done my second A1 mock exam at hour 60 (the first was at hour 40). At 80 hours, I will probably do both A1 (to get over 90) and GCSE Foundation to see where I stand on harder stuff. Below is a visual representation I like of hours to level. The expected amount of hours for each level (A1, A2, etc.) is based on what I've found online. For mocks, A1 is using DELF, A2 onward I will use the UK system as they have easily accessible up-to-date mocks. For A1 I am only taking the Oral and Writing Comprehension sections as they are easily graded solo. For the UK ones, I plan on maybe adding the writing section and grading via the help of GPT using their grading rubric. The "Contextual Learning" (probably should be named Comprehensible Input) above so far has only been watching a series in French with English subtitles (6 hours). It was pretty much useless in my opinion and I will not be doing that again. I think it only gets useful in the more advanced forms. Black is guideline - Blue is my result - Lower is better Note on Mocks: A1: Mock 1: Barely understood any of the oral. I did not follow the rule of only 2 repeats of the audio, and so my score is actually higher than it should be. Was basically answering off 1-word understandings here and there. Was actually surprised to get a passing score. Note that this process does not put any emphasis on learning things that come up in exams (specific useful vocab like numbers, times, seasons, etc. or topics/sentences likely to be used in basic conversation), which will result in poor early scoring that catches up later on (in theory). A1: Mock 2: Again, oral was pretty poor. They speak much quicker in these than what GoogleTranslate outputs and with much stronger accents. Again, I didn't stick to the 2 repeat limit for audios. The written section was much easier. I got 2 wrong simply because I rushed reading one section (Should have scored 94% overall, with 2 wrong in oral and none wrong in written). Next time I take a mock, I'll take it much more seriously. No phone, no multi-tasking and go over every question twice (I did this whole mock in 30 minutes despite the 50-minute allocation and repeating audio more than you're supposed to). So these are the main methods I'm using (with the expressed goal of trying to stick with ANKI throughout): Grammar-translation method Spaced Repetition Things I may need or complementary methods: Transfer method - May be useful at the same time in the early days when you're just trying to get a feel. Comprehensible Input - So my main reluctance here is it's not time efficient. It is fantastic for ease of learning, i.e. you can grind the hours needed for learning without burnout or boredom (actually have fun), but the time spent to progress made isn't great overall. There are people on DreamingSpanish with 1500 hours under their belt at B1-B2 level. That's a lot of hours to get to that level. I may have absolutely no choice but to include it at some point, though, given the limitations of the audio in my current method. AI will probably fix all that soon. One caveat, this inefficiency might be due to HOW people are using their comprehensible input rather than simply the default state of the method. Shadowing - No idea how effective this is. I'm going to try to be succinct in my presentation of what I've done so far, starting with the current, up-to-date process:
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2024.06.09 06:01 adulting4kids December 2nd Prompts and Character Profile Template
This post will repeat weekly through the month of December. Please repost or cross post as a way to promote this subreddit. Or ignore this one and check out our others! I apologize if it's cramping your style, but when I work hard on certain posts I want to be sure they are useful! I also am working on making these shorter so they don't get lost in the madness....
Scroll down for the Character Questions and create a thoughtful and empathetic profile of your main characters for your projects!
As always please use these as sparks to create and feel free to post your responses and ideas in comments or separate post! This is YOUR subreddit so go ahead and post away!
Prompt: Imagine a dystopian world where an oppressive government has successfully erased all forms of personal identity and history. In this society, individuals are assigned generic roles and are forbidden from expressing their unique thoughts, emotions, or experiences. Write a short story or reflective essay exploring the life of a character who discovers a hidden underground community that encourages self-expression and reignites the importance of personal narratives.
In your response, consider the following:
Prompt 1 - Post-Apocalyptic Community Building:
Protagonist Character Profile:
submitted by adulting4kids to writingthruit [link] [comments]
Scroll down for the Character Questions and create a thoughtful and empathetic profile of your main characters for your projects!
As always please use these as sparks to create and feel free to post your responses and ideas in comments or separate post! This is YOUR subreddit so go ahead and post away!
Prompt: Imagine a dystopian world where an oppressive government has successfully erased all forms of personal identity and history. In this society, individuals are assigned generic roles and are forbidden from expressing their unique thoughts, emotions, or experiences. Write a short story or reflective essay exploring the life of a character who discovers a hidden underground community that encourages self-expression and reignites the importance of personal narratives.
In your response, consider the following:
- Character and World Building:
- Describe the protagonist's background, their assigned role, and their initial perception of the oppressive world they inhabit.
- Develop the hidden underground community, including its purpose, structure, and the means through which it safeguards personal stories.
- Create a contrast between the protagonist's initial world and the underground community, highlighting the impact of personal narratives on shaping identity and resisting oppression.
- Plot Analysis:
- Outline the protagonist's journey of discovery, including their initial skepticism, the influential encounters they have within the underground community, and the personal sacrifices they make to preserve their identity.
- Explore the challenges and conflicts faced by the protagonist, both externally (e.g., encounters with government authorities) and internally (e.g., the struggle to confront their identity).
- Deep Introspection:
- Prompt the protagonist to reflect deeply on the uncomfortable subjects that the government's erasure of personal narratives seeks to suppress. These could include topics such as individuality, memory, trauma, and the power of storytelling as a tool for empathy and resistance.
- Encourage the protagonist to evolve their thoughts and perceptions throughout the narrative, considering the consequences of silence and the potential for personal growth through self-expression and sharing.
- Requirements for Responses:
- Conduct research to explore real-world examples of societies that suppress personal narratives or attempt to erase collective memory.
- Prompt: In a post-apocalyptic world, a devastating pandemic has wiped out most of humanity. The survivors are forced to live in isolated communities, each with its own set of strict rules and customs. Write a short story or reflective essay exploring the life of a character who questions the existing order and embarks on a journey to unite these fragmented communities. Consider the role of unity, diversity, and collaboration in rebuilding a shattered world.
- Prompt: Set in a future where advanced AI technology has permeated every aspect of society, write a story or reflective essay following a protagonist who begins to question the boundaries between human and machine. Delve into the ethical implications of human-AI relationships, the erosion of human emotions, and the potential consequences of blurring the line between artificial and genuine experiences.
- Prompt: Imagine a world where climate change and environmental degradation have irreversibly altered the planet. Write a story or reflective essay from the perspective of a character who is part of a group striving to restore balance and heal the damaged Earth. Explore the connections between personal responsibility, collective action, and the intersections of social and environmental justice.
- Prompt: Transport yourself to a society where strict social hierarchies are based on a person's genetic makeup. Write a short story or reflective essay following a character who challenges this system and advocates for equality and inclusivity. Examine the role of genetic determinism, discrimination, and the power of individual agency in reshaping social structures.
- Prompt: Imagine a world where art and creativity are considered illegal, seen as tools of subversion and chaos. Write a story or reflective essay from the perspective of an artist who risks everything to defy this oppressive regime and reclaim the power of artistic expression. Analyze the significance of art as a form of resistance, its ability to inspire change, and its impact on personal and societal transformation.
Prompt 1 - Post-Apocalyptic Community Building:
- Consider the unique customs, rules, and societal structures of each isolated community.
- Explore the protagonist's motivation for questioning the existing order and their vision for uniting the communities.
- Analyze the challenges and conflicts faced in the journey of uniting fragmented communities and the potential benefits and drawbacks of unity.
- Reflect on the protagonist's personal experiences and interactions with AI, including the blurring of boundaries between human and machine.
- Explore the ethical dilemmas and consequences of advancing AI technology.
- Analyze the impact of human emotions, genuine experiences, and the potential loss or transformation of human qualities in a society heavily influenced by AI.
- Consider the protagonist's role in the restoration of the damaged Earth and their motivations for taking action.
- Explore the intersections of social justice and the environment, including the disproportionate impacts of climate change on marginalized communities.
- Analyze the challenges of collective action, personal responsibility, and the potential for transformative change in healing the planet and addressing social inequalities.
- Reflect on the protagonist's experience within the rigid social hierarchy based on genetics.
- Analyze the implications of genetic determinism and discrimination in shaping social structures.
- Explore the role of individual agency, activism, and the potential strategies for challenging and reshaping the genetic-based hierarchy.
- Consider the protagonist's personal experiences as an artist within an oppressive regime.
- Reflect on the significance of artistic expression as a form of resistance and its power to inspire change and challenge societal norms.
- Analyze the risks, sacrifices, and potential outcomes associated with defying an oppressive regime through art.
- Chick Lit: Write a chick lit novel or short story following a relatable protagonist navigating the challenges of love, career, and self-discovery. Explore themes of friendship, personal growth, and finding balance in a fast-paced, modern world.
- Young Readers' Adventure: Imagine a group of young friends who stumble upon a hidden portal to another realm. Write an adventure novel or short story as they embark on a quest to save a magical world from darkness. Delve into themes of friendship, bravery, and the power of imagination.
- Historical Fiction: Set in a time of significant historical events, write a novel or short story highlighting a lesser-known figure or group of people. Research the historical context meticulously and emphasize the character's resilience, struggles, and contributions during that tumultuous period.
- Fantasy: Create a fantastical world filled with mythical creatures, magic, and ancient prophecies. Write a novel or short story following a young protagonist who discovers their extraordinary abilities and must navigate a treacherous journey to fulfill their destiny. Explore themes of self-discovery, heroism, and the blurred lines between good and evil.
- Mystery/Thriller: Write a gripping mystery or thriller novel following a seasoned detective or amateur sleuth investigating a perplexing crime. Develop complex characters, suspenseful plot twists, and an intricate web of clues and red herrings that keep readers guessing until the very end.
- Science Fiction: Set in a future where technological advancements have transformed society, write a novel or short story exploring the ethical and societal implications of groundbreaking inventions. Examine themes such as artificial intelligence, genetic engineering, or virtual reality and their impact on humanity's future.
- Romance: Craft a heartwarming romance novel or short story centered around two individuals from different backgrounds or opposing sides. Explore themes of love, forgiveness, and the triumph of the human spirit in the face of adversity.
- Coming-of-Age: Write a coming-of-age novel or short story following a young protagonist's journey of self-discovery, identity formation, and navigating the complexities of adolescence. Explore themes of friendship, personal growth, and the challenges of transitioning into adulthood.
- Psychological Thriller: Create a psychological thriller novel or short story that delves into the intricacies of the human mind. Focus on a protagonist who becomes entangled in a web of deception, manipulation, and paranoia. Explore themes of trust, perception, and the blurred lines between reality and illusion.
- Family Drama: Write a novel or short story exploring the dynamics and complexities within a multi-generational family. Include themes of love, secrets, and conflicts that arise as family members navigate their relationships, face past traumas, and strive for reconciliation.
- Genre-specific elements: Ensure your story incorporates the defining characteristics and tropes of the chosen genre, such as the tone, pacing, and narrative conventions.
- Character development: Develop dynamic and relatable characters who undergo significant growth or transformation throughout the story.
- Plot structure: Create a compelling plot that introduces conflict, builds tension, and resolves in a satisfying manner, adhering to the common structure of the chosen genre.
- Themes and messages: Select themes that resonate with the genre and explore them through the characters' experiences and narrative development.
- Reader engagement: Craft a story that captivates the intended audience, keeping them invested in the characters and eager to uncover what happens next.
- Historical Romance: Write a one-page historical romance set in a lavish ballroom during the Victorian era. Focus on the forbidden love between a spirited debutante and a mysterious gentleman from a different social class.
- Science Fiction Comedy: Craft a one-page comedic story set in a futuristic space station. Follow the misadventures of a clumsy maintenance technician who unwittingly saves the day against all odds.
- Paranormal Mystery: Pen a one-page mystery story set in a haunted mansion. Introduce a skeptical paranormal investigator who must solve the mystery of a ghostly apparition that has been terrorizing the inhabitants.
- Literary Fiction: Write a one-page literary fiction piece centered around a character's contemplation of the fleeting nature of life and the importance of cherishing the present moment.
- Action Adventure: Craft a one-page action-packed adventure story set in the jungles of an unexplored island. Follow a daring archaeologist's quest for a hidden treasure while battling against treacherous obstacles and rival adventurers.
- Psychological Drama: Create a one-page psychological drama following the internal struggles of a troubled artist as they grapple with their inner demons and seek redemption.
- Magical Realism: Write a one-page magical realism story set in a sleepy coastal town. Explore the extraordinary occurrences that happen when an enigmatic mermaid washes ashore and disrupts the mundane lives of the townsfolk.
- Thriller: Craft a one-page thriller story involving a race against time. Follow a determined protagonist as they try to decipher cryptic clues and prevent a citywide disaster.
- Fantasy Adventure: Pen a one-page fantasy adventure story set in a whimsical realm. Follow a young hero's quest to retrieve a stolen artifact and restore balance to the land, encountering fantastical creatures and overcoming obstacles along the way.
- Historical Fiction Mystery: Write a one-page historical fiction mystery set during the Roaring Twenties. Follow a quick-witted detective as they unravel a web of deceit and intrigue surrounding a glamorous underground speakeasy in the heart of the city.
- Engaging Beginning: Choose a compelling starting point that grabs the reader's attention and hooks them into the story from the very first sentence.
- Concise Plot: Craft a tightly woven plot that can be fully developed within one page, with an introduction, rising action, climax, and resolution.
- Strong Characterization: Develop distinct and memorable characters, even within the limited space, by providing key details that bring them to life and make them relatable to the reader.
- Descriptive Language: Use vivid and sensory language to paint a clear picture of the setting, engage the reader's imagination, and create an immersive reading experience.
- Resolution or Twist: Provide a satisfying resolution to the story or introduce an unexpected twist that leaves the reader intrigued and wanting more.
- Name:
- Age:
- Gender:
- Physical appearance:
- Background:
- Personality traits (list at least five):
- Core values and beliefs:
- Motivations and goals:
- Biggest fear:
- Internal conflicts:
- External conflicts:
- Strengths:
- Weaknesses:
- Childhood experiences and their impact:
- Education and professional background:
- Relationship status and dynamics:
- Quirks or peculiar habits:
- Psychological disorders, if any:
- Familial relationships and dynamics:
- Support system (friends, mentors, etc.):
- Traumatic experiences and their effects:
- Coping mechanisms:
- Emotional vulnerabilities:
- Resilience and determination:
- Personal growth throughout the story:
- What drives the protagonist to take action and pursue their goals?
- How does the protagonist's childhood shape their behaviors and choices?
- What values does the protagonist hold dear, and how do they influence their decision-making process?
- What inner conflicts does the protagonist face, and how do they attempt to reconcile them?
- How does the protagonist's education and professional background contribute to their strengths and weaknesses?
- What traumatic experiences has the protagonist overcome, and how have these experiences shaped their worldview?
- How does the protagonist cope with stress or adversity?
- What relationships and dynamics are most significant to the protagonist, and how do these relationships evolve throughout the story?
- In what ways does the protagonist exhibit resilience and determination in the face of challenges?
- How does the protagonist approach personal growth and self-improvement?
- What psychological disorders, if any, does the protagonist struggle with, and how do these disorders impact their thoughts and actions?
- How does the protagonist's physical appearance contribute to their self-perception and interactions with others?
- What unique quirks or habits does the protagonist possess that make them stand out?
- What are the protagonist's primary desires and aspirations?
- How does the protagonist's internalized fear drive or hinder their actions?
- How does the protagonist navigate and resolve external conflicts?
- What coping mechanisms does the protagonist rely on during times of stress or emotional turmoil?
- How do familial relationships and dynamics influence the protagonist's actions and decisions?
- What significant life choices or dilemmas does the protagonist face throughout the story, and how do they respond?
- In what ways does the protagonist's support system impact their growth and resilience?
- How does the protagonist's personal development and self-discovery contribute to the overall narrative arc?
- How does the protagonist's background and experiences shape their perception of the world?
- What are the protagonist's core beliefs and values, and how do these impact their interactions with others?
- How does the protagonist handle setbacks or failures, and what lessons do they learn from these experiences?
- What external influences or societal pressures affect the protagonist's decision-making process?
- Name:
- Age:
- Gender:
- Physical appearance:
- Background:
- Personality traits (list at least five):
- Core values and beliefs:
- Motivations and goals:
- Biggest fear:
- Internal conflicts:
- External conflicts:
- Strengths:
- Weaknesses:
- Childhood experiences and their impact $ Go on
Antagonist Character Questions:
- Education and professional background: 16. Relationship status and dynamics: 17. Quirks or peculiar habits: 18. Psychological disorders, if any: 19. Familial relationships and dynamics: 20. Support system (friends, mentors, etc.): 21. Traumatic experiences and their effects: 22. Coping mechanisms: 23. Emotional vulnerabilities: 24. Strategies for achieving their goals: 25. Methods they employ to antagonize the protagonist:
- What drives the antagonist to oppose the protagonist and act as an obstacle in their journey?
- How does the antagonist's background and upbringing contribute to their negative behaviors and motivations?
- What core values and beliefs does the antagonist hold that align with their antagonistic actions?
- What personal goals or desires does the antagonist seek to fulfill?
- What is the biggest fear or insecurity that drives the antagonist's actions?
- How does the antagonist's internal conflicts manifest and impact their decisions?
- What external conflicts arise as a result of the antagonist's actions, and how do they handle these conflicts?
- In what ways does the antagonist exhibit strength and power, and how do these traits affect their interactions with others?
- What are the antagonist's weaknesses or vulnerabilities that can be exploited by the protagonist?
- How have childhood experiences shaped the antagonist's worldview and motivations?
- How does the antagonist's education and professional background contribute to their methods and strategies?
- What familial relationships or dynamics influence the antagonist's actions and choices?
- What unique quirks or habits does the antagonist possess that make them distinct or memorable?
- Are there any psychological disorders or conditions that contribute to the antagonist's behavior?
- How does the antagonist cope with stress or emotional turmoil?
- What strategies or tactics does the antagonist employ to achieve their goals and antagonize the protagonist?
- How do the antagonist's actions impact their relationships and interactions with other characters in the story?
- What external influences or societal pressures contribute to the antagonist's motivations or actions?
- How does the antagonist's physical appearance contribute to their demeanor and portrayal in the story?
- What significant life choices or dilemmas has the antagonist faced, and how have these shaped their character?
- What is the antagonist's reaction to setbacks or failures, and how do they adapt their strategies?
- How does the antagonist's support system or lack thereof impact their actions and decisions?
- What past traumatic experiences or events have influenced the antagonist's worldview and behaviors?
- How does the antagonist's emotional state or emotional vulnerabilities influence their actions and interactions with others?
2024.06.09 06:01 Direct-Caterpillar77 I’m so sorry but my friend really named her baby Annally.
I am not The OOP, OOP is u/Curious_Project8543
I’m so sorry but my friend really named her baby Annally.
Originally posted to tragedeigh
Thanks to u/SilentlyBroken for suggesting this BoRU
Original Post June 1, 2024
WHO IS GOING TO TELL HER—SHE ALREADY WENT THROUGH WITH IT. It’s been months and everyone in her life thought it was pretty. It’s a combination of mother’s names… I didn’t want to be a jerk and over the phone it sounded like Anna Lee 🤦♀️
TOP COMMENTS
[deleted]
Creepy_Push8629
SolarWeather
erlenwein
Mods, if this isn’t allowed I apologize and don’t mind removing this. But the other day I told you all about my friend’s daughter being named Annally. A lot of you thought I should tell her and I thought I could try to beat around the bush… so I texted her today to ask how her and Annually were doing.
She called me a few minutes ago because she was doing dishes and laughed at my misspelling. I told her that I felt bad but my phone also keeps autocorrecting it to “other things”. She asked what other things, so I said it.
She laughed and said, “Anally? That’s not even a word, why would it do that? Or is that another spelling?”
Y’all.
I gently explained that it was indeed a word. She hung up, I’m kinda freaking out but I’m glad she did because after that reply I didn’t have any words.
RELEVANT COMMENTS
tinymi3
stankenfurter
TrieshaMandrall
Sorry, I couldn’t resist. A lot of you wanted another update and I debated on whether or not I wanted to do this as I’ve felt really conflicted… I didn’t want to hurt anyone’s feelings or bully, essentially, a baby. I just didn’t know if she NOTICED what she did and it was keeping me up at night.
My friend apparently didn’t google anything after our phone call. She never mentioned these posts nor did she call me back for days, so I was panicking.
To clarify some questions and info: She is married, Anna and Ally are her and her partner’s mothers’ names, not theirs! Anna was VERY insistent on coming first in the name. My friend and her partners’ family can be a bit dramatic/narcissistic and my friend is pretty sheltered so I imagine she wanted to keep the peace to an extent. Her partner absolutely loves the name.
She called me a couple days ago and told me she needed to talk to me. She said she was disappointed in me and felt disrespected. She said she knew what anal meant but didn’t register what “anally” was at first. When I explained, she hung up because she never noticed it and was also really upset that I’d say that to her. She doesn’t want to change the name but feels I’m trying to ruin a special name that was given to her “spiritually and meaningfully”. She doesn’t want to talk to me for awhile and was grossed out that I thought of it when “literally no one else did”. She said pointing that out was mean and unhelpful, that it speaks to my character and that she thinks I’m trying to take the shine away from her (?). She also thought I was making her look bad by explaining the definition of anal to her on speaker phone (!!!!) lmfao
“Any name can sound like something bad if you’re literally trying to find something bad to say.”
It’s not an exciting update, but I hope it gives some closure. Name isn’t changing and I’m TA for ever saying it, but at least I said it.
EDIT: A lot of you keep mentioning other spellings, and Allyanna/Alayna/Annalie etc. were mentioned FIRST, Annally was the “compromise”. Anna threw a fit because symbolically, to her, she always feels “forgotten” and having a name with Ally first would make people just call the baby Ally and she couldn’t handle that.
RELEVANT COMMENTS
BoomBangKersplat
DO NOT CONTACT THE OOP's OR COMMENT ON LINKED POSTS, REMEMBER - RULE 7
submitted by Direct-Caterpillar77 to BestofRedditorUpdates [link] [comments]
I’m so sorry but my friend really named her baby Annally.
Originally posted to tragedeigh
Thanks to u/SilentlyBroken for suggesting this BoRU
Original Post June 1, 2024
WHO IS GOING TO TELL HER—SHE ALREADY WENT THROUGH WITH IT. It’s been months and everyone in her life thought it was pretty. It’s a combination of mother’s names… I didn’t want to be a jerk and over the phone it sounded like Anna Lee 🤦♀️
TOP COMMENTS
[deleted]
Middle name RheamOOP
~This is why it should be illegal to name your kids certain things. There's no reason anyone should have been allowed to say yes to that
Creepy_Push8629
It's like when Tobias became an analrapist&
Arrested Development. Tobias thought he would combine his two professions, analyst and therapist. Analrapist, if you will lolOOP
Creepy_Push8629I’ve never seen this but oh man that’s very similar lol. It was Anna and Ally
OOPAnd Alina didn't sound better than Annally? Lol
~That’s actually way better! I didn’t think of that either tbf but in no way would I have written Annally with a straight face. She’s not always the best with spelling though…
SolarWeather
First time ever that I’d actually recommend the ‘eigh’ spelling for a name.OOP
Annaleigh seems so much better to me
squshy_puffThat is so ironic and honestly I agree. We did speak about the spelling after (I tried to be gentle and ask what other spellings were suggested) and she said that -eigh was basic but…I digress.
~Always be gentle when dealing with anally topics
erlenwein
Is that how she was conceived?OOP
Update? Annally June 2, 2024This comment made my night
Mods, if this isn’t allowed I apologize and don’t mind removing this. But the other day I told you all about my friend’s daughter being named Annally. A lot of you thought I should tell her and I thought I could try to beat around the bush… so I texted her today to ask how her and Annually were doing.
She called me a few minutes ago because she was doing dishes and laughed at my misspelling. I told her that I felt bad but my phone also keeps autocorrecting it to “other things”. She asked what other things, so I said it.
She laughed and said, “Anally? That’s not even a word, why would it do that? Or is that another spelling?”
Y’all.
I gently explained that it was indeed a word. She hung up, I’m kinda freaking out but I’m glad she did because after that reply I didn’t have any words.
RELEVANT COMMENTS
tinymi3
I need to know how this endsFloraNeverland
OOPOmg same. I’m so glad there was an update! What did she say after you explained it was a word OP???
~She literally hung up after I said it…I didn’t expect to update this but with that response I thought some of you guys might get a kick out of it😖
stankenfurter
OP it’s been 14 hours, do you have any more updates?OOP
~Hi, reading all of your comments but no I haven’t heard from her or her partner at all. I texted and apologized if I said something wrong, and nothing. This post wasn’t designed to bully anyone and I’m a bit shocked at how much it blew up.
TrieshaMandrall
OK ITS OFFICIAL, She's very dumb.SemperSimple
OOPOr maybe she has a different mother tongue? Maybe her native language isn't English? 3rd language?!
I'm really really hoping an English speaker would know anally is a word here.......
DameArstorEnglish is her only language😖
OOPEither she's extremely sheltered or she's incredibly dumb. How in the hell does she not know about it? Hell, I'm not even a native English speaker and I know about it.
She always says she’s anal about keeping clean so I’m really not sure if she misunderstood or didn’t realize? Or if she knew and just didn’t appreciate my mentioning it. Beats me.
OOP HAS UPDATED AFTER THE BORU WAS POSTED
Sorry, I couldn’t resist. A lot of you wanted another update and I debated on whether or not I wanted to do this as I’ve felt really conflicted… I didn’t want to hurt anyone’s feelings or bully, essentially, a baby. I just didn’t know if she NOTICED what she did and it was keeping me up at night.
My friend apparently didn’t google anything after our phone call. She never mentioned these posts nor did she call me back for days, so I was panicking.
To clarify some questions and info: She is married, Anna and Ally are her and her partner’s mothers’ names, not theirs! Anna was VERY insistent on coming first in the name. My friend and her partners’ family can be a bit dramatic/narcissistic and my friend is pretty sheltered so I imagine she wanted to keep the peace to an extent. Her partner absolutely loves the name.
She called me a couple days ago and told me she needed to talk to me. She said she was disappointed in me and felt disrespected. She said she knew what anal meant but didn’t register what “anally” was at first. When I explained, she hung up because she never noticed it and was also really upset that I’d say that to her. She doesn’t want to change the name but feels I’m trying to ruin a special name that was given to her “spiritually and meaningfully”. She doesn’t want to talk to me for awhile and was grossed out that I thought of it when “literally no one else did”. She said pointing that out was mean and unhelpful, that it speaks to my character and that she thinks I’m trying to take the shine away from her (?). She also thought I was making her look bad by explaining the definition of anal to her on speaker phone (!!!!) lmfao
“Any name can sound like something bad if you’re literally trying to find something bad to say.”
It’s not an exciting update, but I hope it gives some closure. Name isn’t changing and I’m TA for ever saying it, but at least I said it.
EDIT: A lot of you keep mentioning other spellings, and Allyanna/Alayna/Annalie etc. were mentioned FIRST, Annally was the “compromise”. Anna threw a fit because symbolically, to her, she always feels “forgotten” and having a name with Ally first would make people just call the baby Ally and she couldn’t handle that.
RELEVANT COMMENTS
BoomBangKersplat
poor kid. when she gets bullied for it, she can 100% blame Grandma Anna for insisting she comes first specially when "Alanna" was a perfectly reasonable mashed up name.OOP
CalamityClambakeWhat’s worse is I guess the grandmas duked it out and thought this was an a-ha moment when they could combine both names without “compromise” like losing a letter
OOPThe grandmas are ridiculous.
The mom is willfully obtuse.
The name is horrific.
That poor kid.
Where is dad in this? Could he not put his foot down?
THIS IS A REPOST SUB - I AM NOT THE OOPTo be honest with you, her partner is generally checked out/loves the name/wants to people-please usually. I’ve known them for years and have gotten maybe three actual sentences of conversation… it’s a lot
DO NOT CONTACT THE OOP's OR COMMENT ON LINKED POSTS, REMEMBER - RULE 7
2024.06.09 05:43 GenX2XADHD How to Write a Paper When You Have ADHD
Getting organized to sit down and write a major term paper is such a daunting task for us folks with ADHD. As a student I would have vague ideas of what I want to write, but lacked the executive function to get to the job done. I would stare at a blank Word doc, type a sentence, delete a sentence, repeat. Unexpected for a writing major, I know. Are you looking for a way to break out of this cycle?
May I present: the Index Card Method.
As a high school student in the 1990s, I was forced to use this method to write a ten page senior thesis. Nearly all senior level English classes in my school used this method. Prior to that year, I had seen students carrying around fat stacks of index cards, protecting them like their ability to graduate depended on them. It did. I begrudgingly followed this methodical approach even though it wasn't "the way I write." Ironically, I found it so helpful I continued using this method throughout college, and admittedly even in grad school 25 years later.
What is it?
It's a low-tech system of organizing your sources, topics, details, citations, and anything else that goes into your paper.
Why low-tech?
It is a hands-on process loaded with sensory actions. Physically handling and arranging the index cards helps me focus on a task. Filling out an index card and setting it aside and then picking up another FEELS productive. Seeing a growing pile of index cards as you move through the project LOOKS like productivity. These sensory activities boost my momentum.
The best part of this method is how it breaks down a mountain of a project into smaller tasks without requiring me to create a big plan before I can start working on it. The size of each task is literally the size of an index card. Plus, it is an opportunity to use those cool pens you bought the last time you said you would start journaling.
The Index Card Method cannot be done the night before a paper is due, at least I wouldn't try it anyway. If you don't like writing outlines or drafts, give this method a try - but if you're cramming, do give yourself a week to get it done.
How does it work?
Do not get 150 4x6 cards. They must be 3x5.
For this post, I will assume anyone following this method is using lined index cards. It does not matter if the cards are lined, but know that when I say "On the top line write..." I mean where the actual top line of the card would be. This also means you will be writing across width of the cards in landscape orientation, meaning a full line of text on a 3x5 card runs 5 inches, not 3 inches.
There are two simple, but vital rules to remember when creating cards.
In the center of the top line of your thesis card, write "Thesis Statement."
Now write your thesis statement below that.
Topics should be broad, written as one or two words. Create as many topic cards as you think you will need. You can always create more later, so don't get stuck on this part.
Example: topics related to a thesis on the healthcare industry may include: Insurance, Costs, Medicare, Medicaid, Prevention, Prescription Drugs, Hospitals, etc.
Split a topic if you need to. "Costs" could also be split into "Consumer Costs" and "National Costs", then "Insurance" and "Prescription Drugs".
Don't expect to have a lot of topic cards at this point. You may only have one or two subtopics for each broad topic. This is fine. You can always add more as you go along.
Take a picture of your topic cards in this arrangement.
Congratulations, you just made an outline!
Now type it out. Title it "Preliminary Outline."
In the upper left hand corner of the card on the top line, write the number "1", as it is your first Bibliography card. This is your source ID.
Now write the complete and proper reference of your source, formatted according to your citation style. Include doi links, if applicable. Where italic font is used in a citation, underline it on your card.
Open a new document file. Title it "References", "Works Cited", etc., depending on your citation style. Type out your bibliography cards in the order appropriate to your citation style. Most likely they will be alphabetical by author. As you find more sources and write out bibliography cards, add them to this document.
About citation styles:
A citation style is a way to reference your sources, specifically how you list them out and how you identify where you found a fact or quote.
If you are in highschool, your teacher will tell you how to write write and format sources and citations. If they don't, ask.
If you are an undergrad, most professors don't care which style you choose, but they want it consistent. If this is the case, I recommend using APA or MLA because they use simple, in-line citations.
If you are a graduate student, use the appropriate style for your field. If your reference style uses foot notes or end notes, please be aware you may need to create citation IDs later to help you stay organized.
This is where I would normally say it does not matter if your sources are printed or digital, but for many of us it does matter. Stepping away from technology is one the reasons I find this method so effective. I encourage you to print articles or photocopy sources when possible.
Your school likely has access to full-text articles online that can be downloaded as PDFs and printed later.
If your source is text from a website, right click on in the body of the text and select Print. When the print window pops up, select PDF (or Adobe PDF) as your printer. In the next pop up, select where you would like to store your file. Your source is now saved as a PDF. By the way, printing to a PDF is the easiest way to save a file while maintaining its formatting. Try it from any program. Now when you print it to paper, it will look like the PDF.
In the upper left corner on the top line, write the source ID that matches the one on its respective bibliography card.
In the upper right corner on the top line of each card write the page number(s) from your source as "p 87" or "pp 87-88". If your source does not have page numbers, write your source's equivalent as it applies (act/scene numbers, time stamp, etc.). Look up a style reference guide for requirements.
Now in your own words, write about an area you highlighted. If you want to directly quote the article, make sure you use quotation marks. Otherwise, simply paraphrase it. Use complete sentences.
If you are copying a long quote and run out of room on a card, write the topic, source ID, and page number on another new card and continue writing your quote. In the bottom right corners write "1 of 2" and "2 of 2" respectively.
Create bibliography and detail cards for all your sources. Find more sources as needed. For a 10-page double spaced paper, expect to have around 150-200 detail cards.
By this time you may also want to combine or eliminate topics because your project took a different direction from when you first wrote them. This is fine.
When you think you have enough detail cards, sort them into piles by topic. Now arrange your detail cards in columns under their topics in a way that makes sense to you.
Take a picture of all your cards in this arrangement.
Congratulations, you just layed out your final outline!
You should not have anything in your final outline that is not written down on an index card.
Now print it . Proofread it. Ask a friend to proofread it. Mark it up and make any necessary changes on paper. Don't change any quoted text because quotes are ...well ...quotes.
Your paper is done.
High school students, if your teacher doesn't think you've made enough changes between your draft and your final copy, hand over your stack of index cards, both outlines, and your highlighted sources. They will know you didn't use ChatGPT or copy someone else's work because you can't fake what you've just handed to them.
Edit: See my other post for a technique that harnesses your ADHD to help you organize a project or to present new ideas to a group.
https://www.reddit.com/TwoXADHD/s/Y4pUfQR0R3
submitted by GenX2XADHD to TwoXADHD [link] [comments]
May I present: the Index Card Method.
As a high school student in the 1990s, I was forced to use this method to write a ten page senior thesis. Nearly all senior level English classes in my school used this method. Prior to that year, I had seen students carrying around fat stacks of index cards, protecting them like their ability to graduate depended on them. It did. I begrudgingly followed this methodical approach even though it wasn't "the way I write." Ironically, I found it so helpful I continued using this method throughout college, and admittedly even in grad school 25 years later.
What is it?
It's a low-tech system of organizing your sources, topics, details, citations, and anything else that goes into your paper.
Why low-tech?
It is a hands-on process loaded with sensory actions. Physically handling and arranging the index cards helps me focus on a task. Filling out an index card and setting it aside and then picking up another FEELS productive. Seeing a growing pile of index cards as you move through the project LOOKS like productivity. These sensory activities boost my momentum.
The best part of this method is how it breaks down a mountain of a project into smaller tasks without requiring me to create a big plan before I can start working on it. The size of each task is literally the size of an index card. Plus, it is an opportunity to use those cool pens you bought the last time you said you would start journaling.
The Index Card Method cannot be done the night before a paper is due, at least I wouldn't try it anyway. If you don't like writing outlines or drafts, give this method a try - but if you're cramming, do give yourself a week to get it done.
How does it work?
Step 1: Cards
Get some 3x5 index cards. For a 10-page, double spaced paper, you will need around 300 cards.Do not get 150 4x6 cards. They must be 3x5.
For this post, I will assume anyone following this method is using lined index cards. It does not matter if the cards are lined, but know that when I say "On the top line write..." I mean where the actual top line of the card would be. This also means you will be writing across width of the cards in landscape orientation, meaning a full line of text on a 3x5 card runs 5 inches, not 3 inches.
There are two simple, but vital rules to remember when creating cards.
- Only write on one side of the card. Leave the other side blank. You will need to see all of a card's contents at a quick glance.
- If you make a mistake on a card, immediately tear it in half so it doesn't get mixed up with the ones you want to keep.
Step 2: Thesis card
You will only have a thesis card if you are writing a thesis (argument) paper.In the center of the top line of your thesis card, write "Thesis Statement."
Now write your thesis statement below that.
Step 3: Topic cards
In the center of the top line write "Topic." Below that, write the name of a topic related to your thesis statement.Topics should be broad, written as one or two words. Create as many topic cards as you think you will need. You can always create more later, so don't get stuck on this part.
Example: topics related to a thesis on the healthcare industry may include: Insurance, Costs, Medicare, Medicaid, Prevention, Prescription Drugs, Hospitals, etc.
Step 4: First Layout
Spread out your topic cards on a table. Select the broadest topics and line them up in a row in the order in which you would like them in your paper. Now arrange the narrower topics in columns below the broad topics in the order that makes sense to you. Using the example of the healthcare industry in the previous step, "Costs" may be a broad topic with "Insurance" and "Prescription Drugs" listed beneath it.Split a topic if you need to. "Costs" could also be split into "Consumer Costs" and "National Costs", then "Insurance" and "Prescription Drugs".
Don't expect to have a lot of topic cards at this point. You may only have one or two subtopics for each broad topic. This is fine. You can always add more as you go along.
Take a picture of your topic cards in this arrangement.
Congratulations, you just made an outline!
Now type it out. Title it "Preliminary Outline."
Step 5: Sources
Go find sources you would like to use for your paper. When you find a source you would like to use, create a bibliography card.Step 6: Bibliography cards
In the center of the top line write "Bibliography".In the upper left hand corner of the card on the top line, write the number "1", as it is your first Bibliography card. This is your source ID.
Now write the complete and proper reference of your source, formatted according to your citation style. Include doi links, if applicable. Where italic font is used in a citation, underline it on your card.
Open a new document file. Title it "References", "Works Cited", etc., depending on your citation style. Type out your bibliography cards in the order appropriate to your citation style. Most likely they will be alphabetical by author. As you find more sources and write out bibliography cards, add them to this document.
About citation styles:
A citation style is a way to reference your sources, specifically how you list them out and how you identify where you found a fact or quote.
If you are in highschool, your teacher will tell you how to write write and format sources and citations. If they don't, ask.
If you are an undergrad, most professors don't care which style you choose, but they want it consistent. If this is the case, I recommend using APA or MLA because they use simple, in-line citations.
If you are a graduate student, use the appropriate style for your field. If your reference style uses foot notes or end notes, please be aware you may need to create citation IDs later to help you stay organized.
Step 7: Read and Highlight
As you read through your sources, highlight anything that stands out to you that you may want to use in your paper.This is where I would normally say it does not matter if your sources are printed or digital, but for many of us it does matter. Stepping away from technology is one the reasons I find this method so effective. I encourage you to print articles or photocopy sources when possible.
Your school likely has access to full-text articles online that can be downloaded as PDFs and printed later.
If your source is text from a website, right click on in the body of the text and select Print. When the print window pops up, select PDF (or Adobe PDF) as your printer. In the next pop up, select where you would like to store your file. Your source is now saved as a PDF. By the way, printing to a PDF is the easiest way to save a file while maintaining its formatting. Try it from any program. Now when you print it to paper, it will look like the PDF.
STEP 8: Detail cards
In the center of the top line write the topic related to the highlighted text. If you do not have a related topic card, make one.In the upper left corner on the top line, write the source ID that matches the one on its respective bibliography card.
In the upper right corner on the top line of each card write the page number(s) from your source as "p 87" or "pp 87-88". If your source does not have page numbers, write your source's equivalent as it applies (act/scene numbers, time stamp, etc.). Look up a style reference guide for requirements.
Now in your own words, write about an area you highlighted. If you want to directly quote the article, make sure you use quotation marks. Otherwise, simply paraphrase it. Use complete sentences.
If you are copying a long quote and run out of room on a card, write the topic, source ID, and page number on another new card and continue writing your quote. In the bottom right corners write "1 of 2" and "2 of 2" respectively.
Create bibliography and detail cards for all your sources. Find more sources as needed. For a 10-page double spaced paper, expect to have around 150-200 detail cards.
Step 9: Second Layout
Lay out all of your topic cards in the same order as your preliminary outline, only this time line them all up in one row.By this time you may also want to combine or eliminate topics because your project took a different direction from when you first wrote them. This is fine.
When you think you have enough detail cards, sort them into piles by topic. Now arrange your detail cards in columns under their topics in a way that makes sense to you.
Take a picture of all your cards in this arrangement.
Congratulations, you just layed out your final outline!
Step 10: Type Your Outline
Save a copy of your preliminary outline and title it "Final Outline." Fill in the text from the detail cards. Each detail card should be a separate bullet point on your outline. After typing out a detail card, add the citation at the end. You already know the source because you wrote the source number in the upper left hand corner of each card.You should not have anything in your final outline that is not written down on an index card.
Step 11: First Draft
Save a copy of your final outline and name it "First Draft." Now arrange your bullet points into paragraphs. This is your draft.Now print it . Proofread it. Ask a friend to proofread it. Mark it up and make any necessary changes on paper. Don't change any quoted text because quotes are ...well ...quotes.
Step 12: Final Copy
Save a copy of your First draft and name the file "Final Copy." Type the edits you handwrote on paper. I realize with today's technology a lot of proofreading and peer editing is done electronically. This is fine. If you're using Google Docs, be sure to use Suggestion Mode. If using Word, turn on Track Changes.Your paper is done.
High school students, if your teacher doesn't think you've made enough changes between your draft and your final copy, hand over your stack of index cards, both outlines, and your highlighted sources. They will know you didn't use ChatGPT or copy someone else's work because you can't fake what you've just handed to them.
Edit: See my other post for a technique that harnesses your ADHD to help you organize a project or to present new ideas to a group.
https://www.reddit.com/TwoXADHD/s/Y4pUfQR0R3
2024.06.09 05:03 raaqkel Mysore Hiriyanna on Shruti as a Pramana.
We must first distinguish here between two aspects of śabda which may confound the beginner. When a sentence is uttered, there is, to begin with, a certain impression produced on our mind through the auditory channel. This is a case of perception, and the objects apprehended are sounds occurring in a certain order. Verbal testimony, as a pramana, does not of course mean this. There is another, the interpretative or semantic aspect of sentences; and it is that with which śabda, as we are now dealing with it, is concerned. The utility of this means of knowledge in life cannot be exaggerated. Of the numerous facts which a man needs to know, it is only a small fraction that he can learn for himself; and for the rest he has to depend entirely upon the testimony of others which comes to him through their words whether spoken or written, it does not matter. The value of testimony as a means of communicating information to others or of enriching our own experience may therefore be admitted readily. But it may be questioned whether so much is sufficient to constitute it into an independent pramāņa. The dispute is thus solely about the logical status of verbal testimony, and not about its usefulness.Excerpt from Essentials of Indian Philosophy.
Some Indian logicians believe in the legitimacy of only perception and inference, and repudiate testimony as a separate means of proof or channel of new knowledge. The latter, according to them, will be valid only when it is based directly or indirectly on those two pramânas or on experience as commonly understood. Their view may thus be described as empiricism. This type of Indian thought is best repre- sented by naturalism (svabhāva-vāda) to which we have made a passing reference, and whose general epistemological view we shall explain in the next chapter. This position is accepted by the other schools also, in so far as statements of ordinary men are concerned (pauruşeya). But to suppose, as empiricists do, that the senses and reason are the only sources of knowledge is, according to those schools, to restrict the realm of reality too much. Though the human mind may not be definitely aware of what is beyond perception and reasoning. they say, it is not altogether unconscious of it. The very statement that common experience exhausts reality implies, by placing a limit on it, that the mind has travelled beyond that limit. Our reach exceeds our grasp. But it would obviously be futile to postulate such a transcendental realm as merely an unknowable something. There is also need for an appro- priate pramāna whereby we may know it or, at least, those aspects of it which are of significance to us. It is on such a consideration that verbal testimony has been accepted as a separate pramāna in Indian philosophy. Jaimini, for instance, points out that the Veda is the source of our knowledge just where perception and inference fail to be of assistance to us. Without entering into details, we may state that the chief function of verbal testimony in this sense is explained as the communication to us of a knowledge of the two higher ideals of dharma and mokşa and of the proper means to their realisation.
This pramana goes back, according to some, to the intuitive vision of a saint (yogin), and the channel through which the knowledge intuited by him flows to us is spoken of as smyti or "(mere) tradition." We may take as a good example of it Jainism, which traces its truths to the insight of great prophets like Mahāvīra. For a knowledge of the world which transcends common experience, we depend according to this view entirely upon the authority of individual insight. In this appeal to the experience of an individual, others see a risk for, in their view, nobody's private insight can carry with it the guarantee of its own validity. As Kumārila, a well-known leader of orthodox thought, has remarked in discussing a related topic, a "vision" that has unfolded itself to but one single person may after all be an illusion. This is not to impugn the good faith of the saint; it only means that the excellence of the character of a teacher is no guarantee of the truth of his teaching. To avoid this possible defect of subjectivity orthodox thinkers postulate in the place of testimony, based upon the intuition of a single sage, another, viz, śruti or "revelation" otherwise known as the Veda which, it is claimed, will not mislead us since it has emanated from God or is supernatural in some other sense. As commonly explained, the svuti is tradition which is looked upon as immemorial (sanatana) in its character because its origin cannot be traced to any mortal being. There is the implication here, as contrasted with the previous view, that the realm of transcendental being is not directly accessible to the mind of man, however gifted morally and intellectually he may be. But, theological considerations apart, it should be admitted that the truths for which the Veda stands, whether or not it is now possible to ascribe them to specific thinkers, should eventually be traced to some human source; and the fact seems to be implied in the description of those truths as having been seen by inspired sages of old. If it be so, the Veda also must be reckoned as communicating to us the results intuited by ancient sages. But there is a very important difference, as may be gathered from a condition which is sometimes laid down as essential to all ‘‘revealed’’ teaching, viz. that it should have proved acceptable to the best minds (mahajana) of the community. This may appear to be only a begging of the question at issue, for non-Vedic tradition also claims to have been accepted by the best minds of the community. What, however, is meant by this new condition seems to be that, if a doubt arises as to the validity of the views handed down from the past, adherents of the present school appeal, as those of the other do not, to a community of minds which they have satisfied. Thus the standard here becomes eventually a society of men, and not an individual; and, by virtue of the objective status which it thus acquires, its deliverances are taken to possess an authority which cannot belong to those of anybody’s private intuition. Herein may be said to lie the superiority of Sruti to mere smrti, in the sense given to it above. The Mimamsa and the Vedanta are the systems that accept ‘revelation,’ in this sense, as the means to a knowledge of supersensuous truth. Indian schools of thought are thus broadly divisible, from this standpoint, first into two groups—one, which assumes that reality is confined to what is given in common experience and may therefore be described as positivistic or empirical; and the other, which regards the realm of being as by no means exhausted by such experience and acknowledges a unique pramana for knowing what lies beyond. The latter group is again divisible into two classes—one, which believes that individual insight is ultimately adequate for a knowledge of the transcendental realm; and the other, which seeks the aid of revelation for it. These may together be described as intuitionalistic, if we bear in mind the interpretation given of revelation above. Both alike mean that ultimate philosophic truths are neither deduced solely from postulates or premises taken for granted, nor logically constructed on the basis of mere common experience, but are directly seen.
2024.06.09 02:00 MindMaps254 Make Essay Writing Easier
Welcome to the "Essay Help by Pros" community group! Writing a great essay can be challenging, but with the right approach, anyone can produce a high-quality piece. Here are some points to follow to write a great essay:
submitted by MindMaps254 to essayhelpbypros [link] [comments]
- Understand the assignment: Before you start writing, make sure you understand the requirements of the essay. Read the instructions carefully, and take note of the topic, format, word count, and any specific guidelines that are provided.
- Choose a topic: Select a topic that interests you (if this is an option given) and that you have some knowledge about. You'll be more motivated to write, and you'll be able to draw on your existing knowledge to develop your ideas.
- Research your topic: Conduct thorough research on your topic, using a range of sources. Take notes on your findings and make sure you keep track of your sources so you can properly cite them later.
- Develop a thesis statement: Your thesis statement is the central idea of your essay. It should be a clear and concise statement that summarizes the main point you want to make in your essay.
- Create an outline: An outline is a roadmap that helps you organize your thoughts and ideas. It should include an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion, and each section should have a clear focus.
- Write your essay: Use your outline to guide your writing. Make sure each paragraph has a clear topic sentence, and that all your ideas are well-supported with evidence.
- Edit and proofread: Once you've completed your essay, take the time to edit and proofread it. Check for spelling and grammar errors, and make sure your writing is clear and concise.
2024.06.09 00:57 Basilstorm What words should someone going to a park in a foreign country learn? [Other]
(Mods lmk if I should move to the weekly advice thread but I didn’t see it asked before so I wasn’t sure if it counted as a common question)
I’m planning to travel to Germany and the Netherlands. Never been outside of the U.S. and England, so I’m not sure what to expect in a non-English park. Are there phrases or words I should learn in German and Dutch that are theme park specific? I’m already getting down a few basic sentences to be polite to people but couldn’t find much info on this specific topic. Don’t want to make the lives of staff harder because I can’t understand them
submitted by Basilstorm to rollercoasters [link] [comments]
I’m planning to travel to Germany and the Netherlands. Never been outside of the U.S. and England, so I’m not sure what to expect in a non-English park. Are there phrases or words I should learn in German and Dutch that are theme park specific? I’m already getting down a few basic sentences to be polite to people but couldn’t find much info on this specific topic. Don’t want to make the lives of staff harder because I can’t understand them
2024.06.09 00:11 kaantantr Summary of the Thunderbolt vs Ram Showdown
A lot of people enjoyed my live commentary of the event, more so analyzing the debate styles of both sides rather than arguments (which there was not much anyways) so I figured I'd post a summary. It will sound quite pro-Aziz, because honestly... Aziz probably got everything he could have wanted from an impromptu debate, and Koç despite trying to corner Aziz with everything he had, failed to keep his composure and fell into Aziz' hand despite being in the right in most things. Let's see:
Admittedly, nothing of value was touched upon regarding the club, the projects, even their relationship despite a majority of the "debate" being extremely personal. Was more of a "whisky talk" session between Ali and Aziz. And we have seen the value and importance of experience on national television for a full 80 uninterrupted minutes.
Aziz was very calm throughout and felt friendly. Ali started extremely tense but recovered slightly towards the halfway point.
Aziz clearly came here in respect to his overall PR surrounding the tense situations, "to make peace between the sides". Whether that is his true intention or not is debatable, it's Aziz. But he managed to carry that feeling throughout and if you ask me, when he saw how Koç started his speech, Aziz was more than happy to let Ali run the show because he immediately realized Ali was there for blood.
Ali Koç felt like all those years where CHP was in the right, but constantly lost due to being snobby and aggressive towards AKP. While he recovered from his tenseness from the earlier portions, the way he constantly narrows his eyes while Aziz speaks gave him too much of a predator feeling who was not sure how to corner his opponent. Especially towards the latter half, the amount of "Spray and Pray" with his accusations really felt bad.
He was most probably right with most of those accusations, but the fact that he failed to put any pressure on Aziz and failed to follow up on the accusations was quite hilarious. For his first 2-3 accusations, when Aziz played the "Çıkar, göster" card, I was like "Yeah sure, just dodge it like that". But goddamn, when there were more than a dozen "Çıkar, göster" incidents in the 80 minute session, I'm sorry Mr. Ram, but if you throw 10 huge accusations and cannot even put one on the table, that's just a massive L completely on you. All the more so when everyone watching knows you are actually correct. You can't even make yourself look in control, even when you have all that munition in your hands. Terrible display.
I'm pretty sure Aziz got everything he wanted from this, and he looked like he knew he won right after Ali Koç's opening speech. Ali simply had no idea with which tone to approach Aziz' calmness and despite having control of the program agenda (purposefully left to him by Aziz clearly), he lost control of every single narrative he tried to pursue. All the while, this was the perfect opportunity for Aziz to build upon his campaign narrative, and Ali basically handed him everything he wanted. Accusations without evidence (despite their likely truth), and an opponent who just looked more desperate as he himself kept his "whisky chat" vibe calmness. He gave just enough as answers to address accusations, but knew exactly where to stop answering to keep himself out of trouble and pull the "Çıkar göster" card.
Another major factor, we all recognized it when watching and it's clear Aziz recognized it too. Koç would probably recover his composure a lot, if he only heard Aziz thanking him for certain things. A lot of his early accusations were pointed at Aziz, just to get acknowledgement from the previous president, probably as a figure he once looked up to, but feels abandoned by. If you look into every single instance of Aziz acknowledging Koç, he chooses his words very carefully. He's rightfully giving him credit, but is staying one step back of actually thanking or acknowledging him fully. I think that's the reason why despite recovering from his tenseness, Koç continuously failed to get the upper hand, despite having mountains of ammunition against him. He remained emotional inside through and through.
Aziz is also fucking cunning man, scary cunning. He let Koç run the show for 60 minutes, and suddenly, when the moderator try to steal an ad break, snuck in a "Why didn't you win a championship in 6 years?", immediately cancelling the ad-break and catching Koç off guard. Koç couldn't even shake it off to start talking properly about the financial situation, let alone potentially acknowledging his mistakes to show he learned from them. The question was the golden PR opportunity for Koç to earn more trust for tomorrow by showing the audience what he learned these past 6 years, but Aziz calmly waited over an hour to ask it in such a moment that Koç was completely lost.
Disasterclass planning on Habertürk's side. I know this was on incredibly short notice, but no idea why anyone insisted on a moderator at all. There was no agenda. Moderator was basically a waste of screenspace, covering 1/3 of the screen. No matter what the presidents insisted, they clearly needed to have a "heated topics" noted down to go through, rather than allowing Koç to start with his personal backstory. Habertürk's decision to literally not intervene at all also benefited Aziz a lot.
The entire chatter reminded me a lot of our "breaking moments" throughout the past seasons. Megaphone incident, withdrawing from the league incident, 3ATB incident. What used to happen behind closed doors, we watched transpire on live TV. The control of emotions. Ali Koç despite having the higher ground, dug his own hole by being a victim of his emotions. And I think being the president of Fenerbahçe in such turbulent times did not do him any favors in learning to keep those emotions in check, all the more so in the internet era, with the high amount of feedback we all receive on a daily basis, and not being able to differentiate constructive feedback from trolling attempts. He clearly needs a good 10 years to have the gravitas Aziz still seems to have despite all of his blunders.
And oh my, despite being 70+, how swift and cunning Aziz Yıldırım is... It's truly scary stuff. Letting your opponent run the show for over an hour, accusing you with the data and proof you know he has, being able to dodge all of them just enough to have them stumble and then turn the tables entirely with a single question, the question that is otherwise a golden platter for Koç to feed on, but at such a time that they just fumble it completely... Aziz is truly a scary figure for anyone to mess with, it's admirable really. For all his arrogance and mistakes, there is a lot to learn from the guy still.
All in all, I do not particularly think anything will change for tomorrow. People on both sides already had their minds set up and this was more of a fun popcorn flick to watch for us all regardless of our side. Despite its generally irrelevant contents, this was probably one of the highest quality stuff to find in terms of strategical debates, and an amazing showcase of how valuable experience and calmness is. The moderator was the obvious loser, with even Habertürk not giving a shit about him, and cutting the feed before his closing sentence was complete.
I hope at least one of his advisors tomorrow will have the balls to approach Koç and confront him about how emotional he is. It's his entire undoing in every single Make-or-Break situation. Even in such an instance where he has mountains of munition against the most arrogant president this club has ever had, he lost to his emotions. Everyone can eat up Dursun Özbek and his dementia (which honestly, we also have been failing against), but to make a proper difference, you need to learn from the cunningness of Aziz.
submitted by kaantantr to FenerbahceSK [link] [comments]
Admittedly, nothing of value was touched upon regarding the club, the projects, even their relationship despite a majority of the "debate" being extremely personal. Was more of a "whisky talk" session between Ali and Aziz. And we have seen the value and importance of experience on national television for a full 80 uninterrupted minutes.
Aziz was very calm throughout and felt friendly. Ali started extremely tense but recovered slightly towards the halfway point.
Aziz clearly came here in respect to his overall PR surrounding the tense situations, "to make peace between the sides". Whether that is his true intention or not is debatable, it's Aziz. But he managed to carry that feeling throughout and if you ask me, when he saw how Koç started his speech, Aziz was more than happy to let Ali run the show because he immediately realized Ali was there for blood.
Ali Koç felt like all those years where CHP was in the right, but constantly lost due to being snobby and aggressive towards AKP. While he recovered from his tenseness from the earlier portions, the way he constantly narrows his eyes while Aziz speaks gave him too much of a predator feeling who was not sure how to corner his opponent. Especially towards the latter half, the amount of "Spray and Pray" with his accusations really felt bad.
He was most probably right with most of those accusations, but the fact that he failed to put any pressure on Aziz and failed to follow up on the accusations was quite hilarious. For his first 2-3 accusations, when Aziz played the "Çıkar, göster" card, I was like "Yeah sure, just dodge it like that". But goddamn, when there were more than a dozen "Çıkar, göster" incidents in the 80 minute session, I'm sorry Mr. Ram, but if you throw 10 huge accusations and cannot even put one on the table, that's just a massive L completely on you. All the more so when everyone watching knows you are actually correct. You can't even make yourself look in control, even when you have all that munition in your hands. Terrible display.
I'm pretty sure Aziz got everything he wanted from this, and he looked like he knew he won right after Ali Koç's opening speech. Ali simply had no idea with which tone to approach Aziz' calmness and despite having control of the program agenda (purposefully left to him by Aziz clearly), he lost control of every single narrative he tried to pursue. All the while, this was the perfect opportunity for Aziz to build upon his campaign narrative, and Ali basically handed him everything he wanted. Accusations without evidence (despite their likely truth), and an opponent who just looked more desperate as he himself kept his "whisky chat" vibe calmness. He gave just enough as answers to address accusations, but knew exactly where to stop answering to keep himself out of trouble and pull the "Çıkar göster" card.
Another major factor, we all recognized it when watching and it's clear Aziz recognized it too. Koç would probably recover his composure a lot, if he only heard Aziz thanking him for certain things. A lot of his early accusations were pointed at Aziz, just to get acknowledgement from the previous president, probably as a figure he once looked up to, but feels abandoned by. If you look into every single instance of Aziz acknowledging Koç, he chooses his words very carefully. He's rightfully giving him credit, but is staying one step back of actually thanking or acknowledging him fully. I think that's the reason why despite recovering from his tenseness, Koç continuously failed to get the upper hand, despite having mountains of ammunition against him. He remained emotional inside through and through.
Aziz is also fucking cunning man, scary cunning. He let Koç run the show for 60 minutes, and suddenly, when the moderator try to steal an ad break, snuck in a "Why didn't you win a championship in 6 years?", immediately cancelling the ad-break and catching Koç off guard. Koç couldn't even shake it off to start talking properly about the financial situation, let alone potentially acknowledging his mistakes to show he learned from them. The question was the golden PR opportunity for Koç to earn more trust for tomorrow by showing the audience what he learned these past 6 years, but Aziz calmly waited over an hour to ask it in such a moment that Koç was completely lost.
Disasterclass planning on Habertürk's side. I know this was on incredibly short notice, but no idea why anyone insisted on a moderator at all. There was no agenda. Moderator was basically a waste of screenspace, covering 1/3 of the screen. No matter what the presidents insisted, they clearly needed to have a "heated topics" noted down to go through, rather than allowing Koç to start with his personal backstory. Habertürk's decision to literally not intervene at all also benefited Aziz a lot.
And oh my, despite being 70+, how swift and cunning Aziz Yıldırım is... It's truly scary stuff. Letting your opponent run the show for over an hour, accusing you with the data and proof you know he has, being able to dodge all of them just enough to have them stumble and then turn the tables entirely with a single question, the question that is otherwise a golden platter for Koç to feed on, but at such a time that they just fumble it completely... Aziz is truly a scary figure for anyone to mess with, it's admirable really. For all his arrogance and mistakes, there is a lot to learn from the guy still.
I hope at least one of his advisors tomorrow will have the balls to approach Koç and confront him about how emotional he is. It's his entire undoing in every single Make-or-Break situation. Even in such an instance where he has mountains of munition against the most arrogant president this club has ever had, he lost to his emotions. Everyone can eat up Dursun Özbek and his dementia (which honestly, we also have been failing against), but to make a proper difference, you need to learn from the cunningness of Aziz.
2024.06.08 22:46 softtechhubus How to Enhance Your Global Reach Using WordPress International SEO Tips
 | https://preview.redd.it/88elm9f1ue5d1.png?width=1917&format=png&auto=webp&s=6e702a4693b90cf625043f514b9b96826332ed71 submitted by softtechhubus to u/softtechhubus [link] [comments] How to Enhance Your Global Reach Using WordPress International SEO TipsIntroductionIn today's digital world, the internet has no borders. A well-optimized website can attract an audience from all over the world with the right international SEO strategies. For many businesses, expanding their reach globally opens up huge opportunities for growth. WordPress is one of the most popular content management systems powering millions of websites internationally. Its flexibility and extensive selection of plugins make it highly suitable for performing SEO on a global scale.This guide will provide you with a comprehensive overview of using WordPress for international SEO. We will explore the key considerations and best practices to enhance your website's visibility across different countries and languages. You will learn actionable tips and techniques for conducting keyword research, optimizing content, implementing the necessary technical elements and utilizing plugins to drive qualified traffic from global markets. Case studies will demonstrate real-world examples of using international SEO to boost business and brand awareness worldwide. By following the strategies discussed in this guide, you can effectively utilize the power of WordPress to reach new audiences and expand your customer base globally. Let's get started! Importance of Global Traffic for Business GrowthBefore delving into the international SEO tactics, it's important to understand why global reach matters for growing your business:Expanding ReachTargeting an international audience significantly expands your potential customer base. With the internet removing geographical barriers, you can promote your products or services to a much larger pool of prospects worldwide.Increasing RevenueAn international customer base translates to higher revenue streams. Each additional country you penetrate opens up new markets where people are willing to buy your offerings. Over time, global traffic can exponentially boost your earnings.Building Brand AwarenessBy gaining visibility across different regions, your brand is introduced to a widespread global demographic. This helps establish your authority and trustworthiness in the eyes of international users. Increased awareness leads to more backlinks, social shares and organic traffic.Overview of WordPress and Its Global CapabilitiesWordPress is an open-source content management system with a 30% market share of all sites worldwide. Its immense flexibility and continuously evolving features through plugins make it highly customizable for global needs. Some key advantages of WordPress for international SEO include:
Understanding International SEOInternational SEO requires adapting strategies to each target country or region based on localized needs. It differs from local SEO in key ways:What is International SEO?SEO tailored for different countries and languages beyond your local market. It involves analyzing search behavior globally and optimizing websites accordingly.Differences Between Local and International SEOLocal SEO focuses on a single location or market. International SEO deals with expanding visibility to foreign audiences worldwide. Significant keyword, content and technical adjustments are needed to rank internationally.Benefits of International SEO
Preparing Your WordPress Site for International SEOBefore optimizing content and keywords, proper site configuration is essential to support multilingual capabilities and rank internationally.Choosing the Right Hosting ProviderSelect a provider with fast servers in various countries for immediate page load speeds worldwide. Ensure they provide international plans and multilingual support.Setting Up a Multilingual WordPress SiteInstall and configure plugins like WPML or Polylang to easily manage content translations and localized URLs per language. These handle language switching and technical SEO needs.Selecting an SEO-Friendly ThemeEvaluate themes specially designed for multilingual sites and international users. Look for optimized code, translations support, and responsive design. Some top-rated options include GeneratePress and Astra.Features to Look for in a ThemeIdeally, themes should offer:
Keyword Research for Global MarketsKeyword research forms the cornerstone of any international SEO strategy. It guides content creation and technical optimization tailored to different regions.Conducting Keyword Research for Different CountriesUse Google's language filters to analyze competitive terms specific to target nations. Compare search volumes and gaps versus your local keywords.Tools for International Keyword ResearchAhrefs, SEMrush, and Keyword Sh*tter offer location targeting and multi-language support. Google's Keyword Planner also provides localized volume estimates globally.Understanding Search Intent in Various RegionsClosely study top-ranking pages and queries around the world to grasp cultural nuances. Intent and information needs may vary significantly by location.Creating a Multilingual Keyword StrategyGroup keywords by country and language into meaningful clusters. Assign priority levels based on difficulty and potential. Optimize pages and translations accordingly.Adapting Keywords for Different LanguagesDirectly translating terms may not reflect local search habits. Consider idioms, synonyms and related long-tail keywords used by native speakers.Localizing Keywords to Match Cultural NuancesAccount for cultural variations like taste preferences, holidays, celebrities etc. Mould keywords based on region-specific user behavior and interests.Thorough keyword research lays the foundation for an effective international content strategy. Let's look at best practices. Content Creation and Optimization for Global AudiencesOptimized localized content is essential to appeal to international users and satisfy their unique search behavior patterns and online habits.Writing Content for Different LanguagesTranslate high-priority content accurately using translation plugins or native writers for authenticity. Convey the same message tailored to cultural sensitivities.Best Practices for Multilingual Content
Importance of Native Speakers for Content CreationHire writers, translators and editors fluent in target languages to avoid miscommunications. They understand local nuances better.Optimizing Content for International SEOStructure pages with target country and language prominently mentioned. Consistently implement optimized:
On-Page SEO TechniquesFocus on established international best practices:
Technical SEO for International WebsitesLocalized technical optimizations accelerate WordPress website internationalization :Implementing Hreflang TagsHreflang provides search engines language/region specifics to index each version correctly. It avoids duplicate content penalties when the same page is translated.What are Hreflang Tags?Meta tags uniquely identifying page URLs meant for particular countries/languages. They appear in page headers likeHow to Implement Them in WordPressPlugins such as Yoast SEO, Rank Math easily insert hreflang tags without coding. Manually add tags via HTML editor or .htaccess rules if necessary.URL Structures and International SEOUse subdirectory or subdomain structures for each language versions, with the homepage at the root. Examples:
Choosing Between Subdomains, Subdirectories, and ccTLDsWeigh technical merits of each approach for your niche and global marketing goals. ccTLDs (country code top-level domains) aid localization but are more expensive.Pros and Cons of Each ApproachConsider factors like user-friendliness, indexing speed, backlink passages and redirect handling for long-term international growth.Plugins power up different aspects of WordPress internationalization. Leveraging Plugins for International SEOSeveral plugins simplify WordPress website globalization:Must-Have SEO Plugins for WordPress
Plugins for Multilingual Sites
Building Backlinks from International SourcesLink building expands organically when targeting foreign audiences:Importance of Backlinks for SEOLinks signal search engine authority and popularity to boost rankings globally. International backlinks enhance international trustworthiness.How Backlinks Improve Search RankingsLinks pass ranking signals based on anchor text and referring page authority/trust globally. Quality global links aid country-specific rankings.Strategies for Acquiring International Backlinks
Monitoring and Analyzing International SEO PerformanceUnderstanding metrics help optimize strategies:Setting Up Google Analytics for International SEOEnable location and language reports. Customize dashboards with geographic and multi-channel funnel reporting.Tracking Metrics for Different CountriesView traffic sources, visitor demographics, top pages by location. Compare KPIs across nations.Custom Reports and DashboardsEvaluate goals completion, keyword rankings, backlink profiles by country/region over time in reports.Using Google Search Console for International SEOCompare keyword position changes across countries. Catch indexing issues and spam signals globally through Search Console.Monitoring International Search PerformanceEvaluate traffic from global organic queries, new backlinks, international impressions over periods.Identifying and Fixing IssuesTroubleshoot technical errors or ranking drops using search performance data by location. Prioritize improvements.Monitoring performance guides optimization strategy adjustments globally. Social Media and Global SEOLeverage social platforms popular within target markets for international website traffic boosts:Role of Social Media in International SEOBuild brand awareness and attract foreign traffic by interacting with international communities on popular networks.Enhancing Visibility Through Social ChannelsPost native and translated regional-specific updates. Cross-promote internationally to expand reach.Optimizing Social Media Content for Global AudiencesTailor messages, hashtags, visuals by country interests. Schedule posts for prime active hours in every timezone.Localizing Content for Different PlatformsConsider cultural preferences on Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Instagram, YouTube, Pinterest, etc. Publish accordingly.Best Practices for EngagementComment and engage organically with international communities. Apply localization best practices consistently.Case studies provide practical frameworks for success. Case Studies and Success StoriesReal-world examples showcase international SEO impact:Case Study 1: Expansion of a Niche BlogA US-based travel blog achieved top 10 rankings organically in Germany, France and Spain within 6 months by:
Case Study 2: Global E-commerce Store GrowthAn Australia-based online retailer tapped international markets by:
Lessons Learned and Key Takeaways
Future Trends in International SEOTo future-proof WordPress sites, adapt strategies per evolving landscapes:Emerging Technologies
Mobile-First Indexing
Preparing Your WordPress Site for the Future
Staying Updated with SEO Best Practices
Continuous Learning and AdaptationPersistently tracking new frontiers benefits long-term international presence. Be nimble yet consistent in strategy.This concludes our comprehensive guide exploring how to leverage WordPress for powerful international SEO success. Constant optimization guided by analytics helps realize global marketing goals. Recap of Key Points
Summary of Strategies and Techniques
Final ThoughtsGlobal growth requires continuous open-minded cultural adaptation. With patience and the right application of WordPress capabilities, reaching international audiences organically is highly achievable. Focus on genuinely understanding varying user needs across borders. Constant testing and learning keeps sites optimized to changing landscapes worldwide. International SEO paves the path to worldwide visibility, sales and brand success when done right. Best of luck with your endeavors!Importance of Persistence and AdaptationWhile international SEO success takes time, being consistent yet nimble pays off greatly in the long run. Stay determined through experimenting and optimizing locally centered strategies. Continuous learning from analytics and emerging best practices helps optimize plans effectively over the ever-evolving global digital ecosystem. With the right techniques and resources, growing globally on WordPress can be highly rewarding.I hope this comprehensive guide has provided valuable insights into profitably tapping overseas opportunities using WordPress. To get started, identify a few initial target countries or languages based on your niche and audience research. Then focus efforts by prioritizing one market at a time with localization at the core. Keep optimizing incrementally informed by global metrics. Reach out if any part of the process needs clarification. Wishing the very best with internationally enhancing your site's visibility, traffic and sales! Free Course Suggestion on "How to Drive Global Traffic to Your Website" |
2024.06.08 22:43 saplith Seeing ADHD Symptoms more as ASD Symptoms are managed?
I'm not even sure how to phrase this question. I guess I'm looking for validation and/or advice? My daughter was diagnosed with ASD at 3. At the time I thought she had ADHD, but hey she had ASD. I was wrong (I did not know at that time you can have both...). So we do everything to treat her ASD and by 5 she graduated the therapies and I'm happy to have a kid who while a little too obsessed with some things and overly literally is functional and great.
But at 5, either a light flipped or I couldn't ignore it anymore, but I became convinced that she had ADHD once more. And well the screener she took with her pediatrician is confirming what I see. She's starting to have angry outbursts when she doesn't succeed immediately at things. She's suddenly become disorganized and clumsy. She's going and going all day unless she's staring at a screen or asleep. She talks all day, but she hops topics every 2 or 3 sentences. She was not like this before. She was always a bit hyper and once she could talk she liked to talk. But this seems so extreme now.
I guess my question is is auDHD a balance? Where when you completely manage one side you get to see the other side more? I'm just trying to understand if this is something to consider or I've just been inattentive.
submitted by saplith to ADHDparenting [link] [comments]
But at 5, either a light flipped or I couldn't ignore it anymore, but I became convinced that she had ADHD once more. And well the screener she took with her pediatrician is confirming what I see. She's starting to have angry outbursts when she doesn't succeed immediately at things. She's suddenly become disorganized and clumsy. She's going and going all day unless she's staring at a screen or asleep. She talks all day, but she hops topics every 2 or 3 sentences. She was not like this before. She was always a bit hyper and once she could talk she liked to talk. But this seems so extreme now.
I guess my question is is auDHD a balance? Where when you completely manage one side you get to see the other side more? I'm just trying to understand if this is something to consider or I've just been inattentive.
2024.06.08 22:38 ill-fatedcopper user xattr
I have lots of music, videos, books, pictures, coding projects, etc. I currently organize them by topical folders/subfolders. For ebooks, I use linux hardlinks to list the same book in multiple category folders.
In an attempt to have more information, I have created excel worksheets to provide a brief book or video summary. I've created excel worksheet to store imdb scores for movies.
But I'm not at all satisified and I often can't find what I know I have stored somewhere.
I've thought about using git but it really isn't for storage of media files. Even if such files were ok, I nevertheless think it's overkill - and besides I still don't even use it for my programming projects (which are a mess when I have 160 versions and haven't properly documented the differences).
I've been thinking about user xattr for a while. Today I took a deeper dive and spent 6+ hours trying to find out if xattr have been widely used the way I am considering. I've googled generally as well as well as google xattr site:reddit.com and I am puzzled by my inability to find anyone really using them. Which is causing me to rethink my idea out of concern that I am missing something about xattr that makes using them a very bad idea.
They are supported using options by many commands: rscync, cp, find, etc..
Have any of you had experience using xattr the way I am considering and perhaps share your experience and recommendations?
edit: poor title by me... the word user was intended to refer to the xattr user namespace.
submitted by ill-fatedcopper to linuxquestions [link] [comments]
In an attempt to have more information, I have created excel worksheets to provide a brief book or video summary. I've created excel worksheet to store imdb scores for movies.
But I'm not at all satisified and I often can't find what I know I have stored somewhere.
I've thought about using git but it really isn't for storage of media files. Even if such files were ok, I nevertheless think it's overkill - and besides I still don't even use it for my programming projects (which are a mess when I have 160 versions and haven't properly documented the differences).
I've been thinking about user xattr for a while. Today I took a deeper dive and spent 6+ hours trying to find out if xattr have been widely used the way I am considering. I've googled generally as well as well as google xattr site:reddit.com and I am puzzled by my inability to find anyone really using them. Which is causing me to rethink my idea out of concern that I am missing something about xattr that makes using them a very bad idea.
They are supported using options by many commands: rscync, cp, find, etc..
Have any of you had experience using xattr the way I am considering and perhaps share your experience and recommendations?
edit: poor title by me... the word user was intended to refer to the xattr user namespace.
2024.06.08 22:17 Charles_Bartovich23 The way to the nature of national identity
"Explain to me what a nation is? It will always be a vague definition based on felt identity, because can someone who doesn't consider themselves Polish belong to that nation? It's true, cosmopolitanism isn't fully logical because it's an even vaguer theory, but it's just a counter to nationalism, and that's why I support it. Believing that some mystical bonds connect you to a nation whose members may never meet, and if they did, they might even hate each other, is logical—okay, I can tolerate that. But if you want me to practice the belief that I have some magical bond with a nation, represented by the state, that it's not just a territory administered by a certain institution but an organization I'm obligated to dedicate my life, fate, health to, simply because I speak a certain language and was born here, then please don't be surprised if it's not a religion I want to devote myself to; if I knew there would be war, I would leave the country myself. Because if a nation is a social community, why doesn't a Pole become German upon crossing the border and moving to Germany but remains Polish, if it depended on belonging to a state, it should be severed, but it still persists, independent of coexisting with the state. Equally, one could assume that culturally and linguistically, Canadians, Americans, and Britons are the same nation because they share a common language, especially in the age of globalization where the flow of information is no longer dependent on distance, yet there is still a distinction, they are considered different nations, why? Jews didn't have a common language, but they had religion, they were expelled from their country, they remained exiled for millennia, wandering all over the world, so there was no attachment to the lost land, only to the idea of a homeland territory. Even the region doesn't determine nationality, throughout most of history, people in the territories of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth identified as locals, a resident of Silesia in the 16th century was heavily influenced by Germanization, and one who lived next to Ruthenians was under the influence of Eastern culture, Russian, so identity is not something static? No, it is constantly shaping and evolving over time. And the Swiss, speaking three languages, treating their Canton as the most important country, still identify with Switzerland, even though they might not understand each other immediately during a conversation, but they identify with the same nation. All examples, even if they are exceptions, contain information that there is a relationship between them, making them nations all the time, so I come to the conclusion that nationality is a very complex matter (at least in my opinion) and variability over time allows for the evolution of relations between societies. In the case of reaching an agreement, remember that there is the Polish diaspora with which you can mostly communicate, not always, because there are also assimilated groups, but often with fresh immigrants you can get along, there is also the English language. That's why I consider the phrase "fatherland is primarily the nation" to be a very subjective, almost mystical thing, since demonstrating belonging to a nation in a practical way, not subject to inquiries of intent, is almost impossible, which makes the whole sentence lose its meaning. Reading the news on the internet reminded me of today's relations between Russians and Ukrainians. Literally, Russians should now have no mercy for Ukrainians "They intercepted conversations of Russian soldiers. "I no longer have any mercy in me," where mothers of Russian soldiers write to their sons — "Are you sure they are human? They are not human." And just before the war, Putin spoke of the unity of both Russian and Ukrainian nations, so why can Russians think that Little Russians can be considered non-humans, "because they are traitors of our Great Russian homeland, and traitors must be punished!" And just before 1990, the three sisters were one Soviet nation, if you asked a resident of Kharkov from that time whether it is possible that his son would fight to the death with a resident of Moscow, he would laugh and consider it impossible, you will say that he is Ukrainian, only the problem is that the inhabitants of eastern Ukraine are mostly Russians who were settled here after the conquest of these territories by the Tsar after the destruction of the Crimean Khanate and the expulsion of the Ottoman Turks from there, Stalin expelled the Crimean Tatars to the depths of Russia for collaboration with the Nazi Germans during the war, so the Tatars should return to Crimea after the collapse of the USSR or stay in the territory where they were settled? Each of these options contradicts one of the foundational elements of nationality, people carry nations and their culture within them. Why do I mention these examples and previous ones from obscure history, to emphasize the fact that nations enter into relationships with each other, they can move, merge, and divide. And the number of nations changes over time, just as Italians did not exist in Roman times, so Italians may cease to exist in the future, because what will prevent the descendants of Italians from making such a change? Do I despise patriotism if it is understood in such a way that nations do not interact with each other, that there is a constant form within a nation enduring over time, possessing a universal value unique to it that other nations cannot possess, then yes, because to me it's a blind belief of our present times in which we have been entangled, if you understand patriotism as responsibility, caring for the local homeland, important only because you belong to it, despite knowing that others might consider another homeland important, then no, I don't despise such patriotism, I respect it, love for the small homeland, for the homeland. However, we know that people move and leave their places of residence sometimes by force and sometimes voluntarily, I admit that I am not a good person and capable of being a faithful person, when once I went to the scrapyard with a friend, we heard a dog, then we both ran away, as I was faster, I was able to escape sooner, it turned out that the dog was behind the fence, and my buddy came back much later than me, then I felt uneasy about whether I could be faithful to my friend in such a moment next time, or if I would leave him behind in the future and give in to the instinct to flee, on the one hand, I was encouraged to drink vodka and despite the pressure, I kept refusing all the time, so you never fully know a person. Why am I dwelling on this, scratching this topic, because I think it would be best if the process of uniting nations went in one direction towards increasing unity, I don't want multi-culti and a melting pot of cultures, dude, in a world where everyone is mixed with everything, there is chaos and emptiness, nothing makes sense or has its place. I don't believe that a Bhutanese, Senegalese, Brazilian, and Pole will one day immediately become one nation, because that's absurd, impossible today, but I mean to make ourselves aware that we don't have to see ourselves as separated from each other, it's always best seen at the border, even the Polish and Czech one, where the borderland understands two languages and cultures, combines the style and features of two nations living next to each other, so deep in the country of unity, you won't get along without understanding its language, but you can exchange individual words and doubts about the transparency of their actions, the complicated electoral system, lack of loyalty to the voters, the Union's interests only read as an organization, and corruption scandals. Of course, I deny supporting institutions in this form, the sense in this is that Europe has common foundations, from the Romans (legislation) and Italianisms in languages, from the Greeks architecture, myths, topoi, European philosophy, and of course our common link between nations, Christianity and its morality with theology, whether you look at Churches, Books, the way Europeans think, there are no smaller differences here than within the nations themselves, as if they drew from similar sources, for me, this is enough evidence that there is a form of connection between European nations allowing the traditional conservative European values to exist. The world will never be fully united because it is too diverse, but we can try to bring it closer to its unity, and that's why, due to historical processes, although a few years ago I was a nationalist, I stand on the side of bringing nations closer together than moving them apart."
Charles Bartovich
submitted by Charles_Bartovich23 to Cosmopolitanism [link] [comments]
Charles Bartovich
2024.06.08 20:56 HovercraftOwn9861 Me and my boyfriend doesn’t really talk when we’re away from each other
TL;DR My boyfriend doesn’t initiate contact even if it has gone a long time since we’ve seen each other.
Me [F22] and my boyfriend [M22] have been together for about two years and don’t really talk when we’re away from each other. We both work special jobs that involves us going away without phones and internet so to not have contact with each other isn’t something new.
The problem is that when we do have the ability to contact one another we just don’t, or more specific he doesn’t contact me. He rarely initiate contact. No spontaneous texts, calls or FaceTime. Sometimes it can go a week with only a few snaps a day before I decide to give him a call to say godnight or ask him about his day. 9/10 I’m the one that initiates these calls and he always sounds happy to hear from me. When I send him a text, wondering how his day has been a conversation gets started but fades out within a couple of sentences when he answers my text with one syllable like “yesss” or “nice”.
He is a great guy and we do have a good relationship and things to talk about when we meet in person after being apart but right now the conversations never get interesting. I’m a very inquisitive person and often ask him different types of questions but isn’t as good to ask them back to me. It makes me question if he’s actually interested in me and the things I have to say. I miss having those long chats that continues all day, where one topic fades into another. l’ve brought this up a few times and made remarks when it happens and he doesn’t really acknowledge it and sometimes he completely ignores it. What’s your advice in this situation? Is it worth it?
submitted by HovercraftOwn9861 to relationships [link] [comments]
Me [F22] and my boyfriend [M22] have been together for about two years and don’t really talk when we’re away from each other. We both work special jobs that involves us going away without phones and internet so to not have contact with each other isn’t something new.
The problem is that when we do have the ability to contact one another we just don’t, or more specific he doesn’t contact me. He rarely initiate contact. No spontaneous texts, calls or FaceTime. Sometimes it can go a week with only a few snaps a day before I decide to give him a call to say godnight or ask him about his day. 9/10 I’m the one that initiates these calls and he always sounds happy to hear from me. When I send him a text, wondering how his day has been a conversation gets started but fades out within a couple of sentences when he answers my text with one syllable like “yesss” or “nice”.
He is a great guy and we do have a good relationship and things to talk about when we meet in person after being apart but right now the conversations never get interesting. I’m a very inquisitive person and often ask him different types of questions but isn’t as good to ask them back to me. It makes me question if he’s actually interested in me and the things I have to say. I miss having those long chats that continues all day, where one topic fades into another. l’ve brought this up a few times and made remarks when it happens and he doesn’t really acknowledge it and sometimes he completely ignores it. What’s your advice in this situation? Is it worth it?
2024.06.08 20:47 howmymindworks Palestinian Connection to ancient Canaan
A common theme I see among Zionists is an attempt to erase or belittle Palestinians existence and emotional, historical, and cultural connection to the land. Zionists often juxtaposed Jewish connection to the land with Palestinian connections. This lacks understanding of the sociological understanding of culture.
Zionists detail Jewish connection to the land, most commonly language, religious practices, and calendars, as evidence that they are more connected to the land than Palestinians and claim to be indigenous to Palestine, labeling the latter as colonists. This assertion lacks evidence.
DISPELLING THE COLONIST MYTH
There is no evidence of mass migration from Arabia to Palestine in the 7th century as the Umayyads conquered Jerusalem, and there is no evidence of any Arab colonies set up. On the contrary, the Umayyads didn’t conquer empty space. They conquered people who have lived on the land for several millennia who are the descendants of Canaanites, and Palestinians are genetically descended from these inhabitants whose existence on the land predates the emergence of Jewish people as a distinct people group 3,000 years ago [1][2]. In other words, Jews were not the first ones on the land, a land that has over 10,000 years of history and were never the only ones on the land. The following will demonstrate how they maintained their connection to the land. But first, memes.
MEMES
What is culture? Culture is fundamentally a body of memes. Memetics is a concept in sociology which defines memes as cultural units of information that are analogous to genes, in that they are passed down (or around) as humans mimic one another and mutate. Mutation means that memes are dynamic, almost living things.
It’s important to understand that no society has experienced a "stop" and complete "reset" of memes. In other words, a group of people cannot completely change every single facet of their behavior, thinking, beliefs, ideas, and practices and adopt new ones without the old ones affecting the new ones. That would require a complete reset of the brain. For example, let's consider language, which we can illustrate as a family tree, where our ancestors have built up sounds to communicate meaning, imitated those sounds, and built upon those sounds to create sentences, so on and so forth. Palestinians preserved Aramaic words and grammar in their speech over time, so it is logical to conclude that since all memes behave the same, that other 'memes' within Palestinian culture have preserved memes from pre-arabization and pre-Islamization. Zionists often claim that even if Palestinians are descendants of Canaanites and other people groups in the region, that they are completely severed from their ancestor’s culture, and that is simply nonsensical.
Palestinians are descendants of people groups that have lived on the land for hundreds if not thousands of years, and it is impossible for a group of people to share the same space for that long and not develop a culture that is tied to the land. Sociologically speaking, when individuals gather, they begin mirroring one another’s behavior, form new vocabulary through shared experiences, and a group dynamic forms. One of those experiences is as broad as living in the same space. A group of newly introduced people in New York City would develop ways of thinking that are influenced by different facets of living in New York, like concepts of time, daily life pace, food, ect, and their identity as a group would be inseparable from New York, in the same way that any individual’s way of viewing the world would be oriented around their immediate environment.
How could this be any different from Palestinians? Their shared cultural experience is glued to the soil of Canaan. Especially considering that most of Palestine was rural until the 20th century, there is great emotional attachment to farming, shepherding, and the rolling hills of the countryside. If you look at Palestinian art, music, and literature, you'll observe some nostalgic feeling about the countryside, the vineyards, the oranges, the apricots, the olives, and a love of the soil. They have a deep attachment to the soil where they work, where they were born and grew up, where their ancestors and prophets are buried. A change in language and religion doesn't completely sever one from 100s of years of history.
CANAANITE CULTURE
Scholars unfortunately do not know a lot about Canaanite culture. There was no unified “Canaanite culture”, and each people group throughout Palestine had different ways of worshiping, ways of behaving, and ways of viewing the world. Also, Palestine is at the crossroads of 2 continents and at the intersection of important trade routes, so it was always the epicenter of exchanges of ideas, technologies, and religious practices. To have a culture that preserves every aspect of its culture would be impossible.
Jewish culture arose from Canaanite culture around 3,000 years ago, and their culture is like any other culture that has changed due to the exchange of memes. Their religion changed (please see Mark S. Smith on this exciting topic), as Israelites (save a few staunch monotheists) were mostly polytheistic until after the Babylonian exile. Their understanding of God developed as the gods El and Yahweh merged into one supreme being while under Assyrian and Babylonian rule (God was seen as less tribal and more universal). The temple was Canaanite, and the architecture and religious items within it mirror Canaanite religion. Their language changed. It is highly unlikely that a Hebrew speaker could transport back in time to King David’s court in 990BC and could understand David for many reasons. This is mainly because this was nearly 3,000 years ago, because linguists aren’t certain of the vowels ancient Israelites used (the written language only shows consonants) and that Hebrew has since been influenced by 3,000 years of interaction with other languages! This is not to undermine Jewish culture, but to demonstrate that every culture changes and is affected by others.
LANGUAGE
Logically, it is nonsensical to believe that a population can acquire a language over a period of several centuries without maintaining some vocabulary of their previous language in their vernacular. This topic has recently piqued my interest, so I don't have a ton of literature to share, but this paper by Ibrahim Bassel demonstrates how Aramaic was conserved in Palestinian Arabic.
b. Bannur
c. Ba’ar (to glean the grain and fruits behind the harvesters)
d. ǧift (residue of olive ‘turf’) borrowed in Spoken Arabic from Jewish Aramaic or Mishnaic Hebrew.
If Palestinians in the 21st century were not connected to the land and to their ancestors, they would not be using words used by their ancestors thousands of years ago.
ISLAM
Zionists dismiss Islam as being a purely Arab religion. However, with a cursory glance we can see some threads of ideas preserved from Judaism to Islam due to Muhammad’s exposure to Jews and Christians in Syria and Arabia, like the prophets and their narratives, religious practices modified like the three daily Jewish prayers, how they pray, what they say while praying, when and how they fast ect. These practices “originated” in Canaan, therefore Palestinians are connected to Canaan.
Culture is a diffusion of ideas and its impossible to say that one was preserved more than the other, and more so it's foolish to place a moral judgment on which culture is most pure.
This is in no way some contribution to a “competition” to see who is more connected to the land. It’s irrefutable that Jewish people have roots in the land that are thousands of years deep. It is important for Zionists to know that culture is big. It’s a dynamic and living thing which refuses to be distilled down to one or two components, and protests laymen arbitrarily defining what makes one group more indigenous than the other by identifying factors that apply to them while neglecting others. Palestinians are native to Palestine. If they have a cultural connection to the land, then they have an emotional connection to the land as well.
I'm a layman and have just started to dive into the subject of Palestinian connection to ancient Canaan so I'd love if anyone had any more information to offer or refutations with scholarly articles!
submitted by howmymindworks to IsraelPalestine [link] [comments]
Zionists detail Jewish connection to the land, most commonly language, religious practices, and calendars, as evidence that they are more connected to the land than Palestinians and claim to be indigenous to Palestine, labeling the latter as colonists. This assertion lacks evidence.
DISPELLING THE COLONIST MYTH
There is no evidence of mass migration from Arabia to Palestine in the 7th century as the Umayyads conquered Jerusalem, and there is no evidence of any Arab colonies set up. On the contrary, the Umayyads didn’t conquer empty space. They conquered people who have lived on the land for several millennia who are the descendants of Canaanites, and Palestinians are genetically descended from these inhabitants whose existence on the land predates the emergence of Jewish people as a distinct people group 3,000 years ago [1][2]. In other words, Jews were not the first ones on the land, a land that has over 10,000 years of history and were never the only ones on the land. The following will demonstrate how they maintained their connection to the land. But first, memes.
MEMES
What is culture? Culture is fundamentally a body of memes. Memetics is a concept in sociology which defines memes as cultural units of information that are analogous to genes, in that they are passed down (or around) as humans mimic one another and mutate. Mutation means that memes are dynamic, almost living things.
It’s important to understand that no society has experienced a "stop" and complete "reset" of memes. In other words, a group of people cannot completely change every single facet of their behavior, thinking, beliefs, ideas, and practices and adopt new ones without the old ones affecting the new ones. That would require a complete reset of the brain. For example, let's consider language, which we can illustrate as a family tree, where our ancestors have built up sounds to communicate meaning, imitated those sounds, and built upon those sounds to create sentences, so on and so forth. Palestinians preserved Aramaic words and grammar in their speech over time, so it is logical to conclude that since all memes behave the same, that other 'memes' within Palestinian culture have preserved memes from pre-arabization and pre-Islamization. Zionists often claim that even if Palestinians are descendants of Canaanites and other people groups in the region, that they are completely severed from their ancestor’s culture, and that is simply nonsensical.
Palestinians are descendants of people groups that have lived on the land for hundreds if not thousands of years, and it is impossible for a group of people to share the same space for that long and not develop a culture that is tied to the land. Sociologically speaking, when individuals gather, they begin mirroring one another’s behavior, form new vocabulary through shared experiences, and a group dynamic forms. One of those experiences is as broad as living in the same space. A group of newly introduced people in New York City would develop ways of thinking that are influenced by different facets of living in New York, like concepts of time, daily life pace, food, ect, and their identity as a group would be inseparable from New York, in the same way that any individual’s way of viewing the world would be oriented around their immediate environment.
How could this be any different from Palestinians? Their shared cultural experience is glued to the soil of Canaan. Especially considering that most of Palestine was rural until the 20th century, there is great emotional attachment to farming, shepherding, and the rolling hills of the countryside. If you look at Palestinian art, music, and literature, you'll observe some nostalgic feeling about the countryside, the vineyards, the oranges, the apricots, the olives, and a love of the soil. They have a deep attachment to the soil where they work, where they were born and grew up, where their ancestors and prophets are buried. A change in language and religion doesn't completely sever one from 100s of years of history.
CANAANITE CULTURE
Scholars unfortunately do not know a lot about Canaanite culture. There was no unified “Canaanite culture”, and each people group throughout Palestine had different ways of worshiping, ways of behaving, and ways of viewing the world. Also, Palestine is at the crossroads of 2 continents and at the intersection of important trade routes, so it was always the epicenter of exchanges of ideas, technologies, and religious practices. To have a culture that preserves every aspect of its culture would be impossible.
Jewish culture arose from Canaanite culture around 3,000 years ago, and their culture is like any other culture that has changed due to the exchange of memes. Their religion changed (please see Mark S. Smith on this exciting topic), as Israelites (save a few staunch monotheists) were mostly polytheistic until after the Babylonian exile. Their understanding of God developed as the gods El and Yahweh merged into one supreme being while under Assyrian and Babylonian rule (God was seen as less tribal and more universal). The temple was Canaanite, and the architecture and religious items within it mirror Canaanite religion. Their language changed. It is highly unlikely that a Hebrew speaker could transport back in time to King David’s court in 990BC and could understand David for many reasons. This is mainly because this was nearly 3,000 years ago, because linguists aren’t certain of the vowels ancient Israelites used (the written language only shows consonants) and that Hebrew has since been influenced by 3,000 years of interaction with other languages! This is not to undermine Jewish culture, but to demonstrate that every culture changes and is affected by others.
LANGUAGE
Logically, it is nonsensical to believe that a population can acquire a language over a period of several centuries without maintaining some vocabulary of their previous language in their vernacular. This topic has recently piqued my interest, so I don't have a ton of literature to share, but this paper by Ibrahim Bassel demonstrates how Aramaic was conserved in Palestinian Arabic.
Researchers studying the vocabulary of spoken Arabic in Palestine and who are familiar with Aramaic dialects find substrata of Aramaic: nouns, verbs, grammatical forms that are alien to classical Arabic, and are typical of the Arabic spoken in the region of Aramaic influence – especially in the vernacular Arabic of Syria and Palestine. [3]Bassel gives several examples,
- Palestinian Arabic speakers use Arabic words with Syriac or Aramaic diminutive suffixes not found in Classical Arabic dictionaries
- “La” as an object marker in Palestinian Arabic, In Aramaic, the use of la is limited to definite objects.
- There are words that are absent in Classical Arabic dictionaries that are found in Palestinian Arabic that have roots in Aramaic, primarily concerning agriculture and the household, like
b. Bannur
c. Ba’ar (to glean the grain and fruits behind the harvesters)
d. ǧift (residue of olive ‘turf’) borrowed in Spoken Arabic from Jewish Aramaic or Mishnaic Hebrew.
If Palestinians in the 21st century were not connected to the land and to their ancestors, they would not be using words used by their ancestors thousands of years ago.
ISLAM
Zionists dismiss Islam as being a purely Arab religion. However, with a cursory glance we can see some threads of ideas preserved from Judaism to Islam due to Muhammad’s exposure to Jews and Christians in Syria and Arabia, like the prophets and their narratives, religious practices modified like the three daily Jewish prayers, how they pray, what they say while praying, when and how they fast ect. These practices “originated” in Canaan, therefore Palestinians are connected to Canaan.
Culture is a diffusion of ideas and its impossible to say that one was preserved more than the other, and more so it's foolish to place a moral judgment on which culture is most pure.
This is in no way some contribution to a “competition” to see who is more connected to the land. It’s irrefutable that Jewish people have roots in the land that are thousands of years deep. It is important for Zionists to know that culture is big. It’s a dynamic and living thing which refuses to be distilled down to one or two components, and protests laymen arbitrarily defining what makes one group more indigenous than the other by identifying factors that apply to them while neglecting others. Palestinians are native to Palestine. If they have a cultural connection to the land, then they have an emotional connection to the land as well.
I'm a layman and have just started to dive into the subject of Palestinian connection to ancient Canaan so I'd love if anyone had any more information to offer or refutations with scholarly articles!
2024.06.08 20:46 satansbadfanfic Don’t feel like I am progressing in speaking ability
I want to be able to improve my weakest skill, which is speaking, but I seem unable to speak much. It’s like I hit a wall each time.
Some classes I’m able to get a few sentences out and have a conversation, but other days I’m at a loss for words completely. Even when I do speak, it's very slow and broken and using basic sentences I’m familiar with.
Usually my classes on iTalki are free talk about a particular topic they ask me to pick.
Other speaking things I do: I practice talking to ChatGPT in Spanish aloud (speak option on phone), and I record myself talking about a random topic in Spanish to myself.
I want to be able to say more complex sentences, but every time I go to speak I blank out completely. I just feel anxious and can't think of anything.
Is there any exercise I can do to be able to speak better? Is there something I’m doing wrong in my iTalki classes that I should change? Should I take more classes per week? (currently I'm doing 1hr x2 a week).
submitted by satansbadfanfic to languagelearning [link] [comments]
Some classes I’m able to get a few sentences out and have a conversation, but other days I’m at a loss for words completely. Even when I do speak, it's very slow and broken and using basic sentences I’m familiar with.
Usually my classes on iTalki are free talk about a particular topic they ask me to pick.
Other speaking things I do: I practice talking to ChatGPT in Spanish aloud (speak option on phone), and I record myself talking about a random topic in Spanish to myself.
I want to be able to say more complex sentences, but every time I go to speak I blank out completely. I just feel anxious and can't think of anything.
Is there any exercise I can do to be able to speak better? Is there something I’m doing wrong in my iTalki classes that I should change? Should I take more classes per week? (currently I'm doing 1hr x2 a week).