My dads an ex alcoholic who’s had the roughest life I’ve ever heard. Every single kind of abuse, physical, mental, sexual, emotional, verbal, substance abuses, the whole deal. He’s diagnosed with depression, BPD, and probably some other stuff too. Also an army vet and thrice divorced, low income single dad. Kind of like Jude from a little life I mean just bad luck on top of bad luck. Well he was drinking a lot today since his girlfriend was over and we were all talking. Eventually the conversation developed into me asking why fraternities are so secretive (he’s a freemason) I was trying to have a deeper conversation about why secrecy is equated to sacredness and how if you have knowledge that benefits people, what are the downsides to sharing it with them, well I came off as very combative and argumentative to him since he saw it as me wanting just an answer rather than a discussion so he got mad. He blew up and threw stuff (not at me), punched a hole in the wall, and yelled about how I was dishonoring him and no one appreciates him. Eventually I just ran into my room because he said he was close to having a heart attack because of medical stuff and said I wouldn’t have even cared. He’s the best dad and I care about him more than I care about myself so that hurt. A few minutes later he came into my room and hugged me and just broke down sobbing and saying I’m all he has left and how he’s really trying and that I’m mean and I shouldn’t be mean and just a lot of really deep stuff. He was talking like a little kid and just sobbing I kept trying to tell him I loved him but he’d go “then why are you so mean to me.” It fucking hurts to see your dad, the strongest and best person you know completely break down like that. I genuinely would die if he went away and I wanted to scream how much I cared about him. His girlfriend saw the entire thing and I feel for her too because she’s a lot younger than he is with a lot less life experience so this is new to her (they’ve only been together like 5 months) but even so she came to comfort me and him. I genuinely can’t understate how much I care about my dad and I wish he knew. He’s the only reason I’m still here. He was like this once last year and drove off to a club/bar and called the cops because he was genuinely going to hurt himself. I know he was like this when I was little too, I remember him punching holes into walls and yelling at my mom but it stopped when I was probably 6. He’s been through therapy multiple times and is on several medications. I just wish his life was easier, he’s genuinely been through the ringer and I hate how little he thinks of himself. I just wish I could show him how much I loved him in a way he would believe me.

Last night after I(M20) finished with my job at 10 and a friend of mine and my girlfriend's called me to see how I am. This girl is very honest and she is a great friend. After she asked the typical how are you she told me that I NEED to check my gf's(F18) messages to her best friend Amanda(fake name) on 22nd of January. At first I thought that she was joking but she told me she wasn't and she just cared about me. We talked a bit more and we hang up.
I'm a very trusting person and my gf Jessica(fake name) gave me no reason not to trust her so I was peaceful in my head. Last night I went and saw her and I didn't tell her or show her that something is wrong but I had a ton of suspicions about what these messages could be. Note that me and Jessica have a non tolerance rule that we can't talk to ex's and people that like us romantically. This was her idea and I loved it. Also she doesn't have any male friends.
Once she got asleep i took her phone. I know the password and I have face Id. I went to the messages and I started the detective job. I found the messages and at the start was very confusing because there was no context but ill give you some. She was going to the cafeteria that her ex works every day. Admittedly she has stopped going there a long time ago but this change nothing. I believe my gf and her bestfriend talked on the phone firstly and thatd how the friend knew about this.
So the first message was from Amanda and it said "Leave the crap to me I know you". My gf answered that she went only to study and she won't go there again. Her bestfriend said "Jessica..." so she lies and they both know it. After that Amanda told her that she didnt tell my gf not to go but to be careful because she got me and even tho my gf and her ex talked(my heart dropped there) and she deleted the messages but her ex still got them. After that he bestfriend said "be careful dont do the same again"(another heart drop since my gf told me that she never cheated and her body count is 1 but it seems it was a lie)
Some context for the next messages. My gf and her bestfriend was in a relationship with two best friends. Her best friend still is "stuck" with her ex and my gfs ex and my gfs bestfriend meet to talk about the relationship with her and his best friend. I knew that cause my gf told me but I didnt think anything of it.
To continue with the messages. Amanda told my gf that tomorrow she and my gf's ex will meet and she told my gf not to be anxious but she wants her prepared. My gf answered "I don't know what to do. I didnt intend to talk to him through messages but i wanted to answer to the messages". Her bestfriend replied do as you pleased. After that I went further down and I saw her bestfriend tell her "ok we talked listen" and there was 11 voice messages but once I saw them my gf woke up and snatched the phone.(first time)
She got all defensive and started yelling why i was searching her messages(first time this complained since she has done it many times and ihave too) and I was toxic and I told her let me show you why and she hid her phone. This was inthe morning because i stayed over at her house. She was telling me that she didnt tell me any of these because i would get angry etc (average manipulator response). And then I left her house. Now she is flooding my dms that im wrong for searching the messages and she cant understand why i act this way and she can't trust me again etc. BS. Now im on this confusing place and I dont know whta to do. She definitely lied about some thing. 8 months down the drain. I know that if i stay i cant fully trust her again so there is that.
tl;dr my gf texted her ex and hid the messages and my trust to her is gone

Greetings,
I'm a 25-year-old medico hailing from the colorful tapestry of India, standing tall at 5'11" with a heart as big as the cosmos itself. If you're scouring Reddit for a friendship that transcends space and time, then look no further, because you've stumbled upon the right post!
Now, I know what you're thinking, "Why is this med student turned aspiring pediatrician looking for friends on Reddit?" Well, my friend, let me tell you that the internet is a magical place where friendships can blossom in the most unexpected of ways. And hey, who wouldn't want to be friends with a guy who can converse in English, Hindi, Urdu, and even Klingon? (Okay, maybe I'm still a bit rusty on the Klingon part, but practice makes perfect!)
So, what's in it for you, you ask? Besides a quirky sense of humor and a knack for diving deep into the rabbit hole of fandoms, I bring to the table a plethora of interests that range from dissecting the complexities of the human body to unraveling the mysteries of the cosmos. Whether it's discussing the latest comic book releases or debating the implications of quantum physics, I'm your go-to guy for all things nerdy and beyond.
But wait, there's more! When I'm not buried under a mountain of textbooks or binge-watching the latest sci-fi series, you can find me lost in the pages of a good novel or battling it out in the virtual realm of video games. And hey, if you're up for it, we can even study together and conquer the academic challenges that lie ahead!
Now, let's talk about friendship. They say that friends are the family we choose for ourselves, and I couldn't agree more. Whether you're across the globe or just a few clicks away, let's embark on this journey of friendship together and create memories that will last a lifetime.
As promised, here are a few friendship quotes and lyrics to set the mood:

1. "Friendship is born at that moment when one person says to another, 'What! You too? I thought I was the only one.'" - C.S. Lewis
   
2. "I'll be there for you, when the rain starts to pour." - The Rembrandts
   
3. "A real friend is one who walks in when the rest of the world walks out." - Walter Winchell
   
4. "You've got a friend in me." - Randy Newman
   

So, if you're a fellow explorer of multi-verses, a lover of all things nerdy, and someone who believes that true friendship knows no boundaries, then what are you waiting for? Drop me a message, and let's embark on this adventure together.
Who knows, maybe we'll discover our own version of the Avengers or the Justice League within our circle of friends. And hey, even if we don't, at least we'll have each other's backs through the ups and downs of life.
Can't wait to connect with you..

Greetings,
I'm a 25-year-old medico hailing from the colorful tapestry of India, standing tall at 5'11" with a heart as big as the cosmos itself. If you're scouring Reddit for a friendship that transcends space and time, then look no further, because you've stumbled upon the right post!
Now, I know what you're thinking, "Why is this med student turned aspiring pediatrician looking for friends on Reddit?" Well, my friend, let me tell you that the internet is a magical place where friendships can blossom in the most unexpected of ways. And hey, who wouldn't want to be friends with a guy who can converse in English, Hindi, Urdu, and even Klingon? (Okay, maybe I'm still a bit rusty on the Klingon part, but practice makes perfect!)
So, what's in it for you, you ask? Besides a quirky sense of humor and a knack for diving deep into the rabbit hole of fandoms, I bring to the table a plethora of interests that range from dissecting the complexities of the human body to unraveling the mysteries of the cosmos. Whether it's discussing the latest comic book releases or debating the implications of quantum physics, I'm your go-to guy for all things nerdy and beyond.
But wait, there's more! When I'm not buried under a mountain of textbooks or binge-watching the latest sci-fi series, you can find me lost in the pages of a good novel or battling it out in the virtual realm of video games. And hey, if you're up for it, we can even study together and conquer the academic challenges that lie ahead!
Now, let's talk about friendship. They say that friends are the family we choose for ourselves, and I couldn't agree more. Whether you're across the globe or just a few clicks away, let's embark on this journey of friendship together and create memories that will last a lifetime.
As promised, here are a few friendship quotes and lyrics to set the mood:

1. "Friendship is born at that moment when one person says to another, 'What! You too? I thought I was the only one.'" - C.S. Lewis
   
2. "I'll be there for you, when the rain starts to pour." - The Rembrandts
   
3. "A real friend is one who walks in when the rest of the world walks out." - Walter Winchell
   
4. "You've got a friend in me." - Randy Newman
   

So, if you're a fellow explorer of multi-verses, a lover of all things nerdy, and someone who believes that true friendship knows no boundaries, then what are you waiting for? Drop me a message, and let's embark on this adventure together.
Who knows, maybe we'll discover our own version of the Avengers or the Justice League within our circle of friends. And hey, even if we don't, at least we'll have each other's backs through the ups and downs of life.
Can't wait to connect with you..

Greetings,
I'm a 25-year-old medico hailing from the colorful tapestry of India, standing tall at 5'11" with a heart as big as the cosmos itself. If you're scouring Reddit for a friendship that transcends space and time, then look no further, because you've stumbled upon the right post!
Now, I know what you're thinking, "Why is this med student turned aspiring pediatrician looking for friends on Reddit?" Well, my friend, let me tell you that the internet is a magical place where friendships can blossom in the most unexpected of ways. And hey, who wouldn't want to be friends with a guy who can converse in English, Hindi, Urdu, and even Klingon? (Okay, maybe I'm still a bit rusty on the Klingon part, but practice makes perfect!)
So, what's in it for you, you ask? Besides a quirky sense of humor and a knack for diving deep into the rabbit hole of fandoms, I bring to the table a plethora of interests that range from dissecting the complexities of the human body to unraveling the mysteries of the cosmos. Whether it's discussing the latest comic book releases or debating the implications of quantum physics, I'm your go-to guy for all things nerdy and beyond.
But wait, there's more! When I'm not buried under a mountain of textbooks or binge-watching the latest sci-fi series, you can find me lost in the pages of a good novel or battling it out in the virtual realm of video games. And hey, if you're up for it, we can even study together and conquer the academic challenges that lie ahead!
Now, let's talk about friendship. They say that friends are the family we choose for ourselves, and I couldn't agree more. Whether you're across the globe or just a few clicks away, let's embark on this journey of friendship together and create memories that will last a lifetime.
As promised, here are a few friendship quotes and lyrics to set the mood:

1. "Friendship is born at that moment when one person says to another, 'What! You too? I thought I was the only one.'" - C.S. Lewis
   
2. "I'll be there for you, when the rain starts to pour." - The Rembrandts
   
3. "A real friend is one who walks in when the rest of the world walks out." - Walter Winchell
   
4. "You've got a friend in me." - Randy Newman
   

So, if you're a fellow explorer of multi-verses, a lover of all things nerdy, and someone who believes that true friendship knows no boundaries, then what are you waiting for? Drop me a message, and let's embark on this adventure together.
Who knows, maybe we'll discover our own version of the Avengers or the Justice League within our circle of friends. And hey, even if we don't, at least we'll have each other's backs through the ups and downs of life.
Can't wait to connect with you..

Greetings,
I'm a 25-year-old medico hailing from the colorful tapestry of India, standing tall at 5'11" with a heart as big as the cosmos itself. If you're scouring Reddit for a friendship that transcends space and time, then look no further, because you've stumbled upon the right post!
Now, I know what you're thinking, "Why is this med student turned aspiring pediatrician looking for friends on Reddit?" Well, my friend, let me tell you that the internet is a magical place where friendships can blossom in the most unexpected of ways. And hey, who wouldn't want to be friends with a guy who can converse in English, Hindi, Urdu, and even Klingon? (Okay, maybe I'm still a bit rusty on the Klingon part, but practice makes perfect!)
So, what's in it for you, you ask? Besides a quirky sense of humor and a knack for diving deep into the rabbit hole of fandoms, I bring to the table a plethora of interests that range from dissecting the complexities of the human body to unraveling the mysteries of the cosmos. Whether it's discussing the latest comic book releases or debating the implications of quantum physics, I'm your go-to guy for all things nerdy and beyond.
But wait, there's more! When I'm not buried under a mountain of textbooks or binge-watching the latest sci-fi series, you can find me lost in the pages of a good novel or battling it out in the virtual realm of video games. And hey, if you're up for it, we can even study together and conquer the academic challenges that lie ahead!
Now, let's talk about friendship. They say that friends are the family we choose for ourselves, and I couldn't agree more. Whether you're across the globe or just a few clicks away, let's embark on this journey of friendship together and create memories that will last a lifetime.
As promised, here are a few friendship quotes and lyrics to set the mood:

1. "Friendship is born at that moment when one person says to another, 'What! You too? I thought I was the only one.'" - C.S. Lewis
   
2. "I'll be there for you, when the rain starts to pour." - The Rembrandts
   
3. "A real friend is one who walks in when the rest of the world walks out." - Walter Winchell
   
4. "You've got a friend in me." - Randy Newman
   

So, if you're a fellow explorer of multi-verses, a lover of all things nerdy, and someone who believes that true friendship knows no boundaries, then what are you waiting for? Drop me a message, and let's embark on this adventure together.
Who knows, maybe we'll discover our own version of the Avengers or the Justice League within our circle of friends. And hey, even if we don't, at least we'll have each other's backs through the ups and downs of life.
Can't wait to connect with you..

Greetings,
I'm a 25-year-old medico hailing from the colorful tapestry of India, standing tall at 5'11" with a heart as big as the cosmos itself. If you're scouring Reddit for a friendship that transcends space and time, then look no further, because you've stumbled upon the right post!
Now, I know what you're thinking, "Why is this med student turned aspiring pediatrician looking for friends on Reddit?" Well, my friend, let me tell you that the internet is a magical place where friendships can blossom in the most unexpected of ways. And hey, who wouldn't want to be friends with a guy who can converse in English, Hindi, Urdu, and even Klingon? (Okay, maybe I'm still a bit rusty on the Klingon part, but practice makes perfect!)
So, what's in it for you, you ask? Besides a quirky sense of humor and a knack for diving deep into the rabbit hole of fandoms, I bring to the table a plethora of interests that range from dissecting the complexities of the human body to unraveling the mysteries of the cosmos. Whether it's discussing the latest comic book releases or debating the implications of quantum physics, I'm your go-to guy for all things nerdy and beyond.
But wait, there's more! When I'm not buried under a mountain of textbooks or binge-watching the latest sci-fi series, you can find me lost in the pages of a good novel or battling it out in the virtual realm of video games. And hey, if you're up for it, we can even study together and conquer the academic challenges that lie ahead!
Now, let's talk about friendship. They say that friends are the family we choose for ourselves, and I couldn't agree more. Whether you're across the globe or just a few clicks away, let's embark on this journey of friendship together and create memories that will last a lifetime.
As promised, here are a few friendship quotes and lyrics to set the mood:

1. "Friendship is born at that moment when one person says to another, 'What! You too? I thought I was the only one.'" - C.S. Lewis
   
2. "I'll be there for you, when the rain starts to pour." - The Rembrandts
   
3. "A real friend is one who walks in when the rest of the world walks out." - Walter Winchell
   
4. "You've got a friend in me." - Randy Newman
   

So, if you're a fellow explorer of multi-verses, a lover of all things nerdy, and someone who believes that true friendship knows no boundaries, then what are you waiting for? Drop me a message, and let's embark on this adventure together.
Who knows, maybe we'll discover our own version of the Avengers or the Justice League within our circle of friends. And hey, even if we don't, at least we'll have each other's backs through the ups and downs of life.
Can't wait to connect with you..

Greetings,
I'm a 25-year-old medico hailing from the colorful tapestry of India, standing tall at 5'11" with a heart as big as the cosmos itself. If you're scouring Reddit for a friendship that transcends space and time, then look no further, because you've stumbled upon the right post!
Now, I know what you're thinking, "Why is this med student turned aspiring pediatrician looking for friends on Reddit?" Well, my friend, let me tell you that the internet is a magical place where friendships can blossom in the most unexpected of ways. And hey, who wouldn't want to be friends with a guy who can converse in English, Hindi, Urdu, and even Klingon? (Okay, maybe I'm still a bit rusty on the Klingon part, but practice makes perfect!)
So, what's in it for you, you ask? Besides a quirky sense of humor and a knack for diving deep into the rabbit hole of fandoms, I bring to the table a plethora of interests that range from dissecting the complexities of the human body to unraveling the mysteries of the cosmos. Whether it's discussing the latest comic book releases or debating the implications of quantum physics, I'm your go-to guy for all things nerdy and beyond.
But wait, there's more! When I'm not buried under a mountain of textbooks or binge-watching the latest sci-fi series, you can find me lost in the pages of a good novel or battling it out in the virtual realm of video games. And hey, if you're up for it, we can even study together and conquer the academic challenges that lie ahead!
Now, let's talk about friendship. They say that friends are the family we choose for ourselves, and I couldn't agree more. Whether you're across the globe or just a few clicks away, let's embark on this journey of friendship together and create memories that will last a lifetime.
As promised, here are a few friendship quotes and lyrics to set the mood:

1. "Friendship is born at that moment when one person says to another, 'What! You too? I thought I was the only one.'" - C.S. Lewis
   
2. "I'll be there for you, when the rain starts to pour." - The Rembrandts
   
3. "A real friend is one who walks in when the rest of the world walks out." - Walter Winchell
   
4. "You've got a friend in me." - Randy Newman
   

So, if you're a fellow explorer of multi-verses, a lover of all things nerdy, and someone who believes that true friendship knows no boundaries, then what are you waiting for? Drop me a message, and let's embark on this adventure together.
Who knows, maybe we'll discover our own version of the Avengers or the Justice League within our circle of friends. And hey, even if we don't, at least we'll have each other's backs through the ups and downs of life.
Can't wait to connect with you..

Before I go any further with this I know I have done some pretty stupid things over the years and I never really believed in the paranormal until this incident happened.
So about when me and my best friend were in highschool (year 11 to be exact) I was staying over at her place for the weekend after I had finished my work shift, it was around this time my best friend had an art project that was due soonish and she didn't have any inspiration to help her create something original. Then she came up with the idea to do a freaky photo shoot to see if that would help inspire her to create something ( and I ended up being her muse you could say) and mind you she is very much into special effects and stuff as she is a make-up artist in the making. So by the time she was finished with the make up you could say I looked like a decaying and walking corpse.
We decided to take some photos out in her backyard and then go analysis the pictures some got her attention and some didn't, so then I cleaned myself up and then we tried again, but this time an elf like character. That's when I got the "brilliant"(not so brilliant ) idea that maybe we should got to the nearby lake since there was some awesome places there that would be perfect. Mind you it was already 11:30pm at night.
The first mistake we made was actually going through with that idea at 11:30pm at night which well it was pretty stupid to begin with since will all the bad things happening around our local area ( missing people/ animals, murders etc), that alone should have been a clear indication that we shouldn't be going.
That wasn't a thought to us in the slightest,
So when my best friend drives us there and parks in the big empty car park( which was another clear indicator that we really shouldn't be there), we just sat in her car for a good minutes just discussing how the photos should be taken.....then that's when I got a chill down my spine and the sensation that we were being watched from somewhere. That feeling never left and to this day I can't believe my stupid self had just blantanly ignored that altogether. I wasn't the only one ,my best friend also got the exact same feeling I did and then we proceeded to get out of her car and start taking photos like we discussed. She has fake realistic swords and other weapons so we were using those as props and Everything was going perfectly fine (besides feeling like we were being watched).
What happened next still makes my heart stop, because the place we were at had hiking and biking trails as well as being surrounded by a woodland area. What we heard whilst in the middle of taking some more photos was the sound between a strangled and drying animal mix with a high pitch human scream and when I tell it sounded way too close comfort, I mean it sounded to close for comfort. That sound lasted for a good solid minute (just one singular sound with no breath in-between it) then it stopped and went erriely quiet. Way too quiet.
Now looking back on it, there was no sound of insects making any noise when we got out of the car and there was very certainly none after that sound. Which only means that there was a predator or something of the sorts nearby. I thought I was just hearing things or thought it possibly was just a native animal of sorts.
At this point me and best friend were starting to freak out a little bit, because then we heard the sound of sticks on ground snapping in half to the right of us near one of the hiking trails (which wasn't too far from where we were not that long ago) We tried to not panic and finish the last of the photos.(That was dumb idiotic idea know, but at this point we have made a few.)
I think I was zoning out and focusing on what she wanted me to ( for example,like hold the sword in a swinging position like you were about to slay down beast) I sensed that my best friend had stopped giving instructions and looked to her to see that she was standing and looking terrified to say the least
(This was our conversation in that moment)
Me:"uh... You good??"
My best friend:" slowly come over to me, but whatever you do. Don't .look , behind you."
When she said those words I instinctively and very stupidly looked behind me. To see that standing about a good 10 metres or so from me was a tall stocky but lean black figure that wasn't quite human nor animal from the looks of it ,but at first I thought I was a kangaroo ( yes I forgot to mention we live in Australia) with the way it was carrying itself. A very big kangaroo in this instance.
I then wished that I hadn't looked and now looked back at my best friend and now realised we needed to leave immediately. Because whatever the hell that thing behind me was, definitely wasn't friendly at all.
But we couldn't just bolt off back to the car as that would definitely cause the thing to chase down and it definitely would catch up with no trouble at all, so we had to as calmly as possible,pick up our belongings and slowly go back to the car. But since I didn't know what hell we were dealing with I didn't want to keep my back it as that would have very very stupid and I wanted to make sure it was still there. Thankfully it was but as soon as we got to her car and quickly got in(making sure the doors were locked), I look out the windshield and saw that it was no longer there.
We quickly high tailed it out of there and once back on the road, I then looked in the side mirror on my side of her car and saw the figure standing motionless in the middle of road watching us leave. That we when me and my best friend finally could process what just happened.
Then just before we got to the main road again, there was an actual kangaroo standing in the middle of the road which freaked us out more( but we didn't have a car accident from it) and went the car horn was beeped the kangaroo went on its way and so did we.
Once her place we quickly got inside and locked the doors, shut any open windows and locked as well as closed the curtains.The rest of the night and early morning we could hear scratching and tapping on the windows which we ignored and decided to go to bed.
Needlessly to say always trust your gut feeling or you may not live long enough to tell the tail.

Introduction

Keeping your home comfortable year-round hinges on a well-functioning HVAC system. Whether it’s a scorching summer day or a chilly winter night, your HVAC system ensures you stay cozy. But what exactly makes up this vital system? Understanding the key components of HVAC systems can help you maintain them better and make informed decisions when issues arise.

Thermostat

Definition and Function

The thermostat is the control center of your HVAC system. It regulates the temperature by switching the heating or cooling system on and off as needed to maintain the desired comfort level in your home.

Types of Thermostats

Programmable Thermostats

Programmable thermostats allow you to set different temperatures for different times of the day and days of the week. This customization can lead to significant energy savings.

Smart Thermostats

Smart thermostats take it a step further by learning your schedule and preferences. They can be controlled remotely via smartphone apps, providing convenience and even more energy savings.

Importance of Thermostat Placement

Proper placement of the thermostat is crucial. It should be located away from direct sunlight, drafts, and heat-producing appliances to ensure accurate readings and efficient operation.

Furnace

Definition and Function

The furnace is the heart of your heating system. It heats the air that is then distributed throughout your home via ductwork.

Types of Furnaces

Gas Furnaces

Gas furnaces are common and efficient, using natural gas to produce heat.

Electric Furnaces

Electric furnaces are less efficient but are a good option in areas where gas is unavailable.

Oil Furnaces

Oil furnaces are less common but are used in some areas. They require regular maintenance to ensure efficiency.

Efficiency Ratings for Furnaces

Furnace efficiency is measured by the Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE) rating. A higher AFUE rating indicates a more efficient furnace, which translates to lower energy bills.

Heat Exchanger

Definition and Function

The heat exchanger is a critical component that transfers heat from the combustion process to the air that is distributed throughout your home.

Importance in HVAC Systems

A well-maintained heat exchanger ensures efficient heat transfer and prevents dangerous gases like carbon monoxide from entering your home.

Evaporator Coil

Definition and Function

The evaporator coil is located inside the indoor unit of your HVAC system. It absorbs heat from the air inside your home, cooling it down before it is circulated back into the living space.

How It Works with the Furnace

In cooling mode, the evaporator coil works in conjunction with the furnace blower to circulate cool air. In heating mode, it helps to distribute warm air produced by the furnace.

Condensing Unit

Definition and Function

The condensing unit is the outdoor component of your air conditioning system. It releases the heat absorbed by the evaporator coil to the outside air.

Components of a Condensing Unit

A condensing unit typically includes the compressor, condenser coil, and a fan. Together, these components work to expel heat from the refrigerant, allowing it to cool down and cycle back into the indoor unit.

Refrigerant Lines

Definition and Function

Refrigerant lines are the conduits that carry refrigerant between the indoor and outdoor units of your HVAC system.

Types of Refrigerants

Common types of refrigerants include R-22 and R-410A. R-22 is being phased out due to environmental concerns, while R-410A is the more eco-friendly alternative.

Importance of Proper Refrigerant Levels

Maintaining proper refrigerant levels is crucial for the efficient operation of your HVAC system. Low refrigerant can cause poor cooling performance and damage to the compressor.

Ductwork

Definition and Function

Ductwork is the network of ducts that distribute heated or cooled air throughout your home.

Types of Ductwork

Sheet Metal Ducts

Sheet metal ducts are durable and commonly used in many HVAC systems.

Flexible Ducts

Flexible ducts are easier to install and are ideal for tight spaces but may be less durable.

Fiberglass Ducts

Fiberglass ducts are insulated and help in noise reduction but can degrade over time.

Importance of Duct Sealing

Properly sealed ducts prevent air leaks, improving the efficiency of your HVAC system and reducing energy costs.

Vents and Registers

Definition and Function

Vents and registers are the outlets through which conditioned air enters the rooms of your home.

Types of Vents and Registers

There are various types, including floor, ceiling, and wall registers, each designed for optimal air distribution based on their placement.

Importance of Proper Vent Placement

Proper vent placement ensures even distribution of air, avoiding hot or cold spots in your home.

Air Filter

Definition and Function

The air filter removes dust, pollen, and other particles from the air before it is circulated throughout your home.

Types of Air Filters

Fiberglass Filters

Basic filters that provide minimal filtration and are inexpensive.

Pleated Filters

More efficient than fiberglass filters, capturing smaller particles.

HEPA Filters

High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filters capture nearly all airborne particles, providing the best air quality.

Importance of Regular Filter Replacement

Regularly replacing your air filter ensures clean air and helps your HVAC system run efficiently, preventing strain on the components.

Blower Motor

Definition and Function

The blower motor moves air through the ductwork and into your home.

Types of Blower Motors

Single-Speed Blower Motors

These run at one constant speed, offering less control over air flow.

Variable-Speed Blower Motors

These adjust speed based on your HVAC needs, improving efficiency and comfort.

Return Air Ducts

Definition and Function

Return air ducts bring air back to the HVAC system for reheating or cooling.

Importance in Air Circulation

Proper return air flow ensures balanced air pressure and efficient operation of your HVAC system.

Humidifier

Definition and Function

A humidifier adds moisture to the air, improving comfort and air quality.

Types of Humidifiers

Bypass Humidifiers

These use the furnace blower to distribute moisture.

Fan-Powered Humidifiers

These have their own fan to add moisture to the air, offering more efficiency.

Benefits of Using a Humidifier

Humidifiers can alleviate dry skin, reduce static electricity, and improve overall indoor air quality.

Dehumidifier

Definition and Function

A dehumidifier removes excess moisture from the air, preventing mold growth and improving comfort.

Types of Dehumidifiers

Refrigerative Dehumidifiers

These cool the air to remove moisture, similar to air conditioners.

Desiccant Dehumidifiers

These use a desiccant material to absorb moisture from the air.

Benefits of Using a Dehumidifier

Dehumidifiers help maintain a comfortable humidity level, protect your home from moisture damage, and improve indoor air quality.

Air Handler

Definition and Function

The air handler circulates air throughout your HVAC system.

Components of an Air Handler

Air handlers typically include a blower, filter, and sometimes heating or cooling elements.

Conclusion

Understanding the components of your HVAC system is key to maintaining a comfortable and efficient home. From the thermostat to the air handler, each part plays a vital role in heating and cooling your living space. Regular maintenance and proper usage can ensure your system runs smoothly for years to come.

FAQs

What is the most important component of an HVAC system?

While every component is crucial, the thermostat is often considered the most important as it controls the overall function of the system.

How often should HVAC components be serviced?

It's recommended to have your HVAC system serviced at least once a year to ensure all components are working efficiently.

Can I replace HVAC components myself?

While some minor tasks like changing air filters can be done by homeowners, most HVAC component replacements should be handled by professionals to ensure safety and proper installation.

What are common signs that an HVAC component needs replacement?

Common signs include unusual noises, reduced efficiency, higher energy bills, and inconsistent heating or cooling.

How can I improve the efficiency of my HVAC system?

Regular maintenance, proper use of a programmable thermostat, sealing ducts, and ensuring proper insulation can significantly improve the efficiency of your HVAC system.

Introduction

Keeping your home comfortable year-round hinges on a well-functioning HVAC system. Whether it’s a scorching summer day or a chilly winter night, your HVAC system ensures you stay cozy. But what exactly makes up this vital system? Understanding the key components of HVAC systems can help you maintain them better and make informed decisions when issues arise.

Thermostat

Definition and Function

The thermostat is the control center of your HVAC system. It regulates the temperature by switching the heating or cooling system on and off as needed to maintain the desired comfort level in your home.

Types of Thermostats

Programmable Thermostats

Programmable thermostats allow you to set different temperatures for different times of the day and days of the week. This customization can lead to significant energy savings.

Smart Thermostats

Smart thermostats take it a step further by learning your schedule and preferences. They can be controlled remotely via smartphone apps, providing convenience and even more energy savings.

Importance of Thermostat Placement

Proper placement of the thermostat is crucial. It should be located away from direct sunlight, drafts, and heat-producing appliances to ensure accurate readings and efficient operation.

Furnace

Definition and Function

The furnace is the heart of your heating system. It heats the air that is then distributed throughout your home via ductwork.

Types of Furnaces

Gas Furnaces

Gas furnaces are common and efficient, using natural gas to produce heat.

Electric Furnaces

Electric furnaces are less efficient but are a good option in areas where gas is unavailable.

Oil Furnaces

Oil furnaces are less common but are used in some areas. They require regular maintenance to ensure efficiency.

Efficiency Ratings for Furnaces

Furnace efficiency is measured by the Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE) rating. A higher AFUE rating indicates a more efficient furnace, which translates to lower energy bills.

Heat Exchanger

Definition and Function

The heat exchanger is a critical component that transfers heat from the combustion process to the air that is distributed throughout your home.

Importance in HVAC Systems

A well-maintained heat exchanger ensures efficient heat transfer and prevents dangerous gases like carbon monoxide from entering your home.

Evaporator Coil

Definition and Function

The evaporator coil is located inside the indoor unit of your HVAC system. It absorbs heat from the air inside your home, cooling it down before it is circulated back into the living space.

How It Works with the Furnace

In cooling mode, the evaporator coil works in conjunction with the furnace blower to circulate cool air. In heating mode, it helps to distribute warm air produced by the furnace.

Condensing Unit

Definition and Function

The condensing unit is the outdoor component of your air conditioning system. It releases the heat absorbed by the evaporator coil to the outside air.

Components of a Condensing Unit

A condensing unit typically includes the compressor, condenser coil, and a fan. Together, these components work to expel heat from the refrigerant, allowing it to cool down and cycle back into the indoor unit.

Refrigerant Lines

Definition and Function

Refrigerant lines are the conduits that carry refrigerant between the indoor and outdoor units of your HVAC system.

Types of Refrigerants

Common types of refrigerants include R-22 and R-410A. R-22 is being phased out due to environmental concerns, while R-410A is the more eco-friendly alternative.

Importance of Proper Refrigerant Levels

Maintaining proper refrigerant levels is crucial for the efficient operation of your HVAC system. Low refrigerant can cause poor cooling performance and damage to the compressor.

Ductwork

Definition and Function

Ductwork is the network of ducts that distribute heated or cooled air throughout your home.

Types of Ductwork

Sheet Metal Ducts

Sheet metal ducts are durable and commonly used in many HVAC systems.

Flexible Ducts

Flexible ducts are easier to install and are ideal for tight spaces but may be less durable.

Fiberglass Ducts

Fiberglass ducts are insulated and help in noise reduction but can degrade over time.

Importance of Duct Sealing

Properly sealed ducts prevent air leaks, improving the efficiency of your HVAC system and reducing energy costs.

Vents and Registers

Definition and Function

Vents and registers are the outlets through which conditioned air enters the rooms of your home.

Types of Vents and Registers

There are various types, including floor, ceiling, and wall registers, each designed for optimal air distribution based on their placement.

Importance of Proper Vent Placement

Proper vent placement ensures even distribution of air, avoiding hot or cold spots in your home.

Air Filter

Definition and Function

The air filter removes dust, pollen, and other particles from the air before it is circulated throughout your home.

Types of Air Filters

Fiberglass Filters

Basic filters that provide minimal filtration and are inexpensive.

Pleated Filters

More efficient than fiberglass filters, capturing smaller particles.

HEPA Filters

High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filters capture nearly all airborne particles, providing the best air quality.

Importance of Regular Filter Replacement

Regularly replacing your air filter ensures clean air and helps your HVAC system run efficiently, preventing strain on the components.

Blower Motor

Definition and Function

The blower motor moves air through the ductwork and into your home.

Types of Blower Motors

Single-Speed Blower Motors

These run at one constant speed, offering less control over air flow.

Variable-Speed Blower Motors

These adjust speed based on your HVAC needs, improving efficiency and comfort.

Return Air Ducts

Definition and Function

Return air ducts bring air back to the HVAC system for reheating or cooling.

Importance in Air Circulation

Proper return air flow ensures balanced air pressure and efficient operation of your HVAC system.

Humidifier

Definition and Function

A humidifier adds moisture to the air, improving comfort and air quality.

Types of Humidifiers

Bypass Humidifiers

These use the furnace blower to distribute moisture.

Fan-Powered Humidifiers

These have their own fan to add moisture to the air, offering more efficiency.

Benefits of Using a Humidifier

Humidifiers can alleviate dry skin, reduce static electricity, and improve overall indoor air quality.

Dehumidifier

Definition and Function

A dehumidifier removes excess moisture from the air, preventing mold growth and improving comfort.

Types of Dehumidifiers

Refrigerative Dehumidifiers

These cool the air to remove moisture, similar to air conditioners.

Desiccant Dehumidifiers

These use a desiccant material to absorb moisture from the air.

Benefits of Using a Dehumidifier

Dehumidifiers help maintain a comfortable humidity level, protect your home from moisture damage, and improve indoor air quality.

Air Handler

Definition and Function

The air handler circulates air throughout your HVAC system.

Components of an Air Handler

Air handlers typically include a blower, filter, and sometimes heating or cooling elements.

Conclusion

Understanding the components of your HVAC system is key to maintaining a comfortable and efficient home. From the thermostat to the air handler, each part plays a vital role in heating and cooling your living space. Regular maintenance and proper usage can ensure your system runs smoothly for years to come.

FAQs

What is the most important component of an HVAC system?

While every component is crucial, the thermostat is often considered the most important as it controls the overall function of the system.

How often should HVAC components be serviced?

It's recommended to have your HVAC system serviced at least once a year to ensure all components are working efficiently.

Can I replace HVAC components myself?

While some minor tasks like changing air filters can be done by homeowners, most HVAC component replacements should be handled by professionals to ensure safety and proper installation.

What are common signs that an HVAC component needs replacement?

Common signs include unusual noises, reduced efficiency, higher energy bills, and inconsistent heating or cooling.

How can I improve the efficiency of my HVAC system?

Regular maintenance, proper use of a programmable thermostat, sealing ducts, and ensuring proper insulation can significantly improve the efficiency of your HVAC system.

Introduction

Keeping your home comfortable year-round hinges on a well-functioning HVAC system. Whether it’s a scorching summer day or a chilly winter night, your HVAC system ensures you stay cozy. But what exactly makes up this vital system? Understanding the key components of HVAC systems can help you maintain them better and make informed decisions when issues arise.

Thermostat

Definition and Function

The thermostat is the control center of your HVAC system. It regulates the temperature by switching the heating or cooling system on and off as needed to maintain the desired comfort level in your home.

Types of Thermostats

Programmable Thermostats

Programmable thermostats allow you to set different temperatures for different times of the day and days of the week. This customization can lead to significant energy savings.

Smart Thermostats

Smart thermostats take it a step further by learning your schedule and preferences. They can be controlled remotely via smartphone apps, providing convenience and even more energy savings.

Importance of Thermostat Placement

Proper placement of the thermostat is crucial. It should be located away from direct sunlight, drafts, and heat-producing appliances to ensure accurate readings and efficient operation.

Furnace

Definition and Function

The furnace is the heart of your heating system. It heats the air that is then distributed throughout your home via ductwork.

Types of Furnaces

Gas Furnaces

Gas furnaces are common and efficient, using natural gas to produce heat.

Electric Furnaces

Electric furnaces are less efficient but are a good option in areas where gas is unavailable.

Oil Furnaces

Oil furnaces are less common but are used in some areas. They require regular maintenance to ensure efficiency.

Efficiency Ratings for Furnaces

Furnace efficiency is measured by the Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE) rating. A higher AFUE rating indicates a more efficient furnace, which translates to lower energy bills.

Heat Exchanger

Definition and Function

The heat exchanger is a critical component that transfers heat from the combustion process to the air that is distributed throughout your home.

Importance in HVAC Systems

A well-maintained heat exchanger ensures efficient heat transfer and prevents dangerous gases like carbon monoxide from entering your home.

Evaporator Coil

Definition and Function

The evaporator coil is located inside the indoor unit of your HVAC system. It absorbs heat from the air inside your home, cooling it down before it is circulated back into the living space.

How It Works with the Furnace

In cooling mode, the evaporator coil works in conjunction with the furnace blower to circulate cool air. In heating mode, it helps to distribute warm air produced by the furnace.

Condensing Unit

Definition and Function

The condensing unit is the outdoor component of your air conditioning system. It releases the heat absorbed by the evaporator coil to the outside air.

Components of a Condensing Unit

A condensing unit typically includes the compressor, condenser coil, and a fan. Together, these components work to expel heat from the refrigerant, allowing it to cool down and cycle back into the indoor unit.

Refrigerant Lines

Definition and Function

Refrigerant lines are the conduits that carry refrigerant between the indoor and outdoor units of your HVAC system.

Types of Refrigerants

Common types of refrigerants include R-22 and R-410A. R-22 is being phased out due to environmental concerns, while R-410A is the more eco-friendly alternative.

Importance of Proper Refrigerant Levels

Maintaining proper refrigerant levels is crucial for the efficient operation of your HVAC system. Low refrigerant can cause poor cooling performance and damage to the compressor.

Ductwork

Definition and Function

Ductwork is the network of ducts that distribute heated or cooled air throughout your home.

Types of Ductwork

Sheet Metal Ducts

Sheet metal ducts are durable and commonly used in many HVAC systems.

Flexible Ducts

Flexible ducts are easier to install and are ideal for tight spaces but may be less durable.

Fiberglass Ducts

Fiberglass ducts are insulated and help in noise reduction but can degrade over time.

Importance of Duct Sealing

Properly sealed ducts prevent air leaks, improving the efficiency of your HVAC system and reducing energy costs.

Vents and Registers

Definition and Function

Vents and registers are the outlets through which conditioned air enters the rooms of your home.

Types of Vents and Registers

There are various types, including floor, ceiling, and wall registers, each designed for optimal air distribution based on their placement.

Importance of Proper Vent Placement

Proper vent placement ensures even distribution of air, avoiding hot or cold spots in your home.

Air Filter

Definition and Function

The air filter removes dust, pollen, and other particles from the air before it is circulated throughout your home.

Types of Air Filters

Fiberglass Filters

Basic filters that provide minimal filtration and are inexpensive.

Pleated Filters

More efficient than fiberglass filters, capturing smaller particles.

HEPA Filters

High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filters capture nearly all airborne particles, providing the best air quality.

Importance of Regular Filter Replacement

Regularly replacing your air filter ensures clean air and helps your HVAC system run efficiently, preventing strain on the components.

Blower Motor

Definition and Function

The blower motor moves air through the ductwork and into your home.

Types of Blower Motors

Single-Speed Blower Motors

These run at one constant speed, offering less control over air flow.

Variable-Speed Blower Motors

These adjust speed based on your HVAC needs, improving efficiency and comfort.

Return Air Ducts

Definition and Function

Return air ducts bring air back to the HVAC system for reheating or cooling.

Importance in Air Circulation

Proper return air flow ensures balanced air pressure and efficient operation of your HVAC system.

Humidifier

Definition and Function

A humidifier adds moisture to the air, improving comfort and air quality.

Types of Humidifiers

Bypass Humidifiers

These use the furnace blower to distribute moisture.

Fan-Powered Humidifiers

These have their own fan to add moisture to the air, offering more efficiency.

Benefits of Using a Humidifier

Humidifiers can alleviate dry skin, reduce static electricity, and improve overall indoor air quality.

Dehumidifier

Definition and Function

A dehumidifier removes excess moisture from the air, preventing mold growth and improving comfort.

Types of Dehumidifiers

Refrigerative Dehumidifiers

These cool the air to remove moisture, similar to air conditioners.

Desiccant Dehumidifiers

These use a desiccant material to absorb moisture from the air.

Benefits of Using a Dehumidifier

Dehumidifiers help maintain a comfortable humidity level, protect your home from moisture damage, and improve indoor air quality.

Air Handler

Definition and Function

The air handler circulates air throughout your HVAC system.

Components of an Air Handler

Air handlers typically include a blower, filter, and sometimes heating or cooling elements.

Conclusion

Understanding the components of your HVAC system is key to maintaining a comfortable and efficient home. From the thermostat to the air handler, each part plays a vital role in heating and cooling your living space. Regular maintenance and proper usage can ensure your system runs smoothly for years to come.

FAQs

What is the most important component of an HVAC system?

While every component is crucial, the thermostat is often considered the most important as it controls the overall function of the system.

How often should HVAC components be serviced?

It's recommended to have your HVAC system serviced at least once a year to ensure all components are working efficiently.

Can I replace HVAC components myself?

While some minor tasks like changing air filters can be done by homeowners, most HVAC component replacements should be handled by professionals to ensure safety and proper installation.

What are common signs that an HVAC component needs replacement?

Common signs include unusual noises, reduced efficiency, higher energy bills, and inconsistent heating or cooling.

How can I improve the efficiency of my HVAC system?

Regular maintenance, proper use of a programmable thermostat, sealing ducts, and ensuring proper insulation can significantly improve the efficiency of your HVAC system.

Introduction

Keeping your home comfortable year-round hinges on a well-functioning HVAC system. Whether it’s a scorching summer day or a chilly winter night, your HVAC system ensures you stay cozy. But what exactly makes up this vital system? Understanding the key components of HVAC systems can help you maintain them better and make informed decisions when issues arise.

Thermostat

Definition and Function

The thermostat is the control center of your HVAC system. It regulates the temperature by switching the heating or cooling system on and off as needed to maintain the desired comfort level in your home.

Types of Thermostats

Programmable Thermostats

Programmable thermostats allow you to set different temperatures for different times of the day and days of the week. This customization can lead to significant energy savings.

Smart Thermostats

Smart thermostats take it a step further by learning your schedule and preferences. They can be controlled remotely via smartphone apps, providing convenience and even more energy savings.

Importance of Thermostat Placement

Proper placement of the thermostat is crucial. It should be located away from direct sunlight, drafts, and heat-producing appliances to ensure accurate readings and efficient operation.

Furnace

Definition and Function

The furnace is the heart of your heating system. It heats the air that is then distributed throughout your home via ductwork.

Types of Furnaces

Gas Furnaces

Gas furnaces are common and efficient, using natural gas to produce heat.

Electric Furnaces

Electric furnaces are less efficient but are a good option in areas where gas is unavailable.

Oil Furnaces

Oil furnaces are less common but are used in some areas. They require regular maintenance to ensure efficiency.

Efficiency Ratings for Furnaces

Furnace efficiency is measured by the Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE) rating. A higher AFUE rating indicates a more efficient furnace, which translates to lower energy bills.

Heat Exchanger

Definition and Function

The heat exchanger is a critical component that transfers heat from the combustion process to the air that is distributed throughout your home.

Importance in HVAC Systems

A well-maintained heat exchanger ensures efficient heat transfer and prevents dangerous gases like carbon monoxide from entering your home.

Evaporator Coil

Definition and Function

The evaporator coil is located inside the indoor unit of your HVAC system. It absorbs heat from the air inside your home, cooling it down before it is circulated back into the living space.

How It Works with the Furnace

In cooling mode, the evaporator coil works in conjunction with the furnace blower to circulate cool air. In heating mode, it helps to distribute warm air produced by the furnace.

Condensing Unit

Definition and Function

The condensing unit is the outdoor component of your air conditioning system. It releases the heat absorbed by the evaporator coil to the outside air.

Components of a Condensing Unit

A condensing unit typically includes the compressor, condenser coil, and a fan. Together, these components work to expel heat from the refrigerant, allowing it to cool down and cycle back into the indoor unit.

Refrigerant Lines

Definition and Function

Refrigerant lines are the conduits that carry refrigerant between the indoor and outdoor units of your HVAC system.

Types of Refrigerants

Common types of refrigerants include R-22 and R-410A. R-22 is being phased out due to environmental concerns, while R-410A is the more eco-friendly alternative.

Importance of Proper Refrigerant Levels

Maintaining proper refrigerant levels is crucial for the efficient operation of your HVAC system. Low refrigerant can cause poor cooling performance and damage to the compressor.

Ductwork

Definition and Function

Ductwork is the network of ducts that distribute heated or cooled air throughout your home.

Types of Ductwork

Sheet Metal Ducts

Sheet metal ducts are durable and commonly used in many HVAC systems.

Flexible Ducts

Flexible ducts are easier to install and are ideal for tight spaces but may be less durable.

Fiberglass Ducts

Fiberglass ducts are insulated and help in noise reduction but can degrade over time.

Importance of Duct Sealing

Properly sealed ducts prevent air leaks, improving the efficiency of your HVAC system and reducing energy costs.

Vents and Registers

Definition and Function

Vents and registers are the outlets through which conditioned air enters the rooms of your home.

Types of Vents and Registers

There are various types, including floor, ceiling, and wall registers, each designed for optimal air distribution based on their placement.

Importance of Proper Vent Placement

Proper vent placement ensures even distribution of air, avoiding hot or cold spots in your home.

Air Filter

Definition and Function

The air filter removes dust, pollen, and other particles from the air before it is circulated throughout your home.

Types of Air Filters

Fiberglass Filters

Basic filters that provide minimal filtration and are inexpensive.

Pleated Filters

More efficient than fiberglass filters, capturing smaller particles.

HEPA Filters

High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filters capture nearly all airborne particles, providing the best air quality.

Importance of Regular Filter Replacement

Regularly replacing your air filter ensures clean air and helps your HVAC system run efficiently, preventing strain on the components.

Blower Motor

Definition and Function

The blower motor moves air through the ductwork and into your home.

Types of Blower Motors

Single-Speed Blower Motors

These run at one constant speed, offering less control over air flow.

Variable-Speed Blower Motors

These adjust speed based on your HVAC needs, improving efficiency and comfort.

Return Air Ducts

Definition and Function

Return air ducts bring air back to the HVAC system for reheating or cooling.

Importance in Air Circulation

Proper return air flow ensures balanced air pressure and efficient operation of your HVAC system.

Humidifier

Definition and Function

A humidifier adds moisture to the air, improving comfort and air quality.

Types of Humidifiers

Bypass Humidifiers

These use the furnace blower to distribute moisture.

Fan-Powered Humidifiers

These have their own fan to add moisture to the air, offering more efficiency.

Benefits of Using a Humidifier

Humidifiers can alleviate dry skin, reduce static electricity, and improve overall indoor air quality.

Dehumidifier

Definition and Function

A dehumidifier removes excess moisture from the air, preventing mold growth and improving comfort.

Types of Dehumidifiers

Refrigerative Dehumidifiers

These cool the air to remove moisture, similar to air conditioners.

Desiccant Dehumidifiers

These use a desiccant material to absorb moisture from the air.

Benefits of Using a Dehumidifier

Dehumidifiers help maintain a comfortable humidity level, protect your home from moisture damage, and improve indoor air quality.

Air Handler

Definition and Function

The air handler circulates air throughout your HVAC system.

Components of an Air Handler

Air handlers typically include a blower, filter, and sometimes heating or cooling elements.

Conclusion

Understanding the components of your HVAC system is key to maintaining a comfortable and efficient home. From the thermostat to the air handler, each part plays a vital role in heating and cooling your living space. Regular maintenance and proper usage can ensure your system runs smoothly for years to come.

FAQs

What is the most important component of an HVAC system?

While every component is crucial, the thermostat is often considered the most important as it controls the overall function of the system.

How often should HVAC components be serviced?

It's recommended to have your HVAC system serviced at least once a year to ensure all components are working efficiently.

Can I replace HVAC components myself?

While some minor tasks like changing air filters can be done by homeowners, most HVAC component replacements should be handled by professionals to ensure safety and proper installation.

What are common signs that an HVAC component needs replacement?

Common signs include unusual noises, reduced efficiency, higher energy bills, and inconsistent heating or cooling.

How can I improve the efficiency of my HVAC system?

Regular maintenance, proper use of a programmable thermostat, sealing ducts, and ensuring proper insulation can significantly improve the efficiency of your HVAC system.

I Accepted a Job to Film on the Dark Web
Man, I am pumped to tell you chronically online content addicts my story. Wait is that too mean of an intro? Will this get taken down for harassment since I painted too accurate a picture of the people on this site? Sorry, everyone, I’m sure you all smell like an expensive bakery and have touched grass this morning. Anyway, I promise I have something interesting. It even involves the dark web you uncreative writers cream yourselves over! I mean, totally real people speaking about their strangely similar experiences. Okay, fine I’ll stop bullying you through the screen before you click off.
This all started when I was seven years old and my parents were killed in front of me in an anti-indigenous hate crime, but let's be real you don’t care. I’m just some annoying Cherokee kid with dead parents so I’ll skip to the good parts. I spent years in an orphanage, gradually becoming more interested in death and violence. As bad as it is, I went out of my way to expose myself to that content in the hopes of desensitizing myself. Which ended up working too well, since now I’m obsessed with causing and viewing pain, though I don’t find any joy in hurting myself.
I got adopted at twelve and after a few months of staying at my new family’s home on the reservation, I went with them to a state sweatier than the average Reddit user, California. Long story short, both of my caretakers, whom I referred to as Uncle and Auntie because they could never be my parents, died. Leaving me in the care of their older son, who I call cousin. I’m not stupid enough to give up any real names, so I’ll call him Brick, cause he’s as dumb as one. He was in his early 20s when he was tasked with taking care of me and is the world’s worst excuse for a babysitter.
I’m almost always alone at the apartment, with him only coming by to drop off supplies and stay for a few hours so the neighbors don’t get too worried. Unless I get in trouble at school, then he’d suddenly give a shit. It's useful because he doesn't about the gory stuff I look at, but some display of interest would be nice. Oh well, ninety percent of the population sucks so he’s just part of the majority. Now, with that said, you’ll be able to understand the perfect storm that led me here. During my time on the deep web, I found a particular website that caught my eye. They had new footage relatively consistently and they were the easiest for me to access since I didn't go too far into the dark web, especially with all the honey pots lying around.
I even bought a couple of files for myself to study and admire. One thing irritated me though, the cameraman. He was always sobbing, breathing, shaking, or some combination of those. It seriously killed the vibe of the killings. Something I commented on under many videos, often saying I would do a better job filming. A choice that in hindsight was me asking to end up in one of those recordings. I didn't think anything of it at the time. I was mostly the only one who commented but I was sure they wouldn't care. I was embarrassingly wrong.
I was staying up like usual, but it was past one AM on a school night, and back then that was a lot so I tried to sleep. Closing my eyes, tossing and turning, the works. I had just started drifting off when I heard the front door open. I remained calm but immediately found it weird since Brick never showed up this late. The thuds of the individual's feet grew louder as they got closer to my bedroom. I tried to convince myself it wasn't a stranger, especially since they got in with ease, but I knew that was wishful thinking.
They hummed as they opened my door. My dumbass had left it unlocked. I remained on my side, trying to look like I was asleep. They turned on the flashlight of their phone, shining it in my face. It was hard but I stayed still while they traced it over my features. I could tell they were smiling as they clicked their tongue.
“Heh, I knew it was a brat,” they whispered to themselves, pulling tangles out of my hair. Something I struggled not to groan from. They pulled up the hair over my ear and got so close spit got on my ear lobe.
“I know you’re awake kid,” they murmured, putting a blade to my neck. I let them grab my shoulder and move me onto my back, I knew how to fight but I wasn't about to take that big a risk with the position they had me in.
“You think you’re so cool saying you can do better than our guy.” they snickered, kneeling, their flashlight still shining in my face.
“Do you seriously believe that?” they questioned, moving the light away.
“Yeah, I do.” I stood my ground, they might have been intimidating but I wasn't gonna let that stop me from being honest.
“I wouldn't sound like I’m gonna piss myself every time it gets gory. I’m confident I could get better footage too, getting up close is something I’ve fantasized about.”
They clicked their tongue again and ran their finger over the bridge of my nose.
”Well, I know you’re a big fan of what we do, and you’re confidence makes me think you got something to back those claims up, so how’d you like a deal?”
I was surprised by how civil they were being aside from the touching and weapon against my throat.
“What kind of deal?” I asked, for all I knew this guy wanted me to lick their feet or some weird shit like that. They placed a finger underneath my eye, tracing a half moon with their nail.
“You have till this Friday to film a video of you killing an animal and put it on a flash drive that I’ll pick up here. If it impresses me and the crew we’ll hire ya with a handsome salary.” They began, moving their hand down to my cheek.
“But if you don't show, or it doesn't meet our standards, then I’m fucking up one of the parts of your face.” They warned, pinching my skin harshly.
“And if I say no to this deal?”
They put their hand over my mouth, scratching my lips.
“That’s cute, if you say no I’ll just slit your throat.” they grinned.
“Or rip it open with my teeth if you got a preference,” they smirked, before running their tongue across their sharp teeth.
“Okay, since I have no choice I’ll go with it, but I’m telling you now I can give you something way better than what you likely expect of me.” I prefaced, looking into their sunken eyes. They scratched my scalp, including the side of my head that was shaved.
“Good choice, I’ll be back to pick it up and if you're not here I’ll assume you don’t have the video. I genuinely wish you luck, because you’ll need it.” they removed the blade from my neck and walked away. I sat still for a few minutes in the dark, processing what had happened and wondering how they got into my apartment with such ease. I was confident I could blow their sniveling excuse of a cameraman out of the water, but I was worried about the people I was getting caught up with.
Sure, I had been on a lot of gore sites over the years but I was always just watching and occasionally commenting. Compared to most in the scene I wasn't much of a threat. I could defend myself and have contemplated killing for years but I hadn't murdered anyone or worse. Plus, I am part of way too many targeted groups to not be constantly at risk. Teenage, fem-leaning, two-spirit, indigenous kid with trauma? Yeah, I might as well be walking sign screaming “Hate crime me”.
So yeah, there was a lot to worry about. Regardless, I couldn't let that fear hold me back. I had a job to do and a group of sickos to appease. The next morning was rough, I got no sleep cause I’d spent all night brainstorming. I barely mustered the energy to change and drank straight mouthwash instead of brushing my teeth. Slogging onto the bus with drool on my cheek, I went to the back like usual. No one sat there cause, the seats were extra worn down, and I scared off anyone who attempted to with my active, rabies-infected bitch face. That day was different though.
I blanked on his name and where I knew him from, but I recognized his wavy hair and prominent curved nose. He glanced at each seat on the bus, before somehow settling on my area. He tried to give me space but ultimately seated himself beside me after realizing it was the only spot that didn't look like it would give him cancer. I glared at him as I did with everyone, but it didn't phase him.
“You know you could pick anywhere else right?” I murmured. He stared at the floor, then at me.
“I’m aware, but a few months ago I started a mission to sit on every part of this bus, and this is the last place.” he smiled, his lips softly curving at the sides.
“What’s the point of that?”
His mouth moved into a more neutral position, but his eyes kept smiling.
“I just thought it would be neat to see the same place from a bunch of different perspectives.” he took out his phone and snapped a photo from the point of view where he was sitting. Maybe my sleepiness made my bitch face less effective, cause he hadn't shown a hint of fear, which kind of annoyed me.
“That’s cool I guess, but I wouldn't do that if I were you. I’ve done some back here alone that would make your skin crawl.” in hindsight my attempt at unnerving him just made me sound like a pervert, which is probably why he held back laughter. Trying to hide a chuckle by clearing his throat.
“Hey, it's not my business what you do, no matter how Haram it is. It’s your life so that’s between you and whatever you believe in. Just don’t shake hands with me.” he joked, playfully putting his hands up. Strangely, I remembered his name at that moment.
“Oh shit, you’re Abdul! We have art together.” I sat up, haphazardly slamming my hand down on my leg.
“Uh yeah, I’ve seen some of your paintings, they’re pretty cool. I like the way you texture them, I’m trying to work on that.” he complimented, seeming more weirded out by my sudden energy than my accidental insinuation. I felt a little stupid for yelling his name but decided not to dwell on it.
“Thanks, you’re stuff is nice, and you’re good at shading.”
He stretched his arms while thanking me. We talked for a few more minutes, taking jabs at each other throughout. Turns out he was better at being an asshole than his artsy charismatic appearance made me think. The thing setting our insults apart being that you could tell he was a loving person underneath. It was the nicest conversation I had with anyone in a while. Though he could tell I was tired so he quieted down, letting me sleep, waking me when we got to school. We went our separate ways until the last two periods we shared. All that time, I spent my remaining energy plotting how I was going to handle the video. What I’d kill, record with, and how to dispose of the evidence. It was a lot to consider, but through three classes I devised a plan.
I’d find a stray around my apartment complex and take it out in my room. Record it on a portable camera since I broke the ones on my phone, no, I will not be answering how that happened. Then once I had my footage I’d put the body in a trash bag, throw it in the complex’s garbage, and clean the blood off my floor. It didn't seem like Brick would come by so he wasn't a factor I thought I’d have to consider. The plan was almost too easy, but I decided to believe in Occam’s razor. I got so lost in thought that by the time I reached Art, which was my second-to-last period, I didn't process that we were moving seats.
“She called your name,” Abdul reminded me. Our teacher placed us next to each other at our four-person table. The two girls sitting with us were already friends, so I didn't bother to say anything, but I was interested in talking to him more.
“So, what do you think of this assignment?” He shrugged, taking out his sketchbook.
“I’m not that good at drawing people, but the idea of combining two people’s faces into a portrait seems interesting. Any ideas on who you’ll pick?”
“Probably the members of the music duo Brain Tumor, they’re my favorite artists and they both look weird as hell.”
“Wow way to talk about your favorites, if that’s what you say about them I can‘t imagine what you have to say about me.” he joked, pulling up reference pictures.
“First, it’s not an insult, second I don’t have anything to say about you. Brain and Tumor have features and styles that make them stand out. Sure they’re ugly, but it just adds to their visual charm. Hot people are boring, there’s nothing to pick at.” I explained, unzipping my bag.
“Oh, so you’re saying you think I’m hot.”
His comment wasn’t serious but it kind of got to me.
“Shit, that’s not what I meant, I was trying to say you’re boring. All hot people are boring, but not all boring people are hot, okay?” I explained, flipping to a clean page.
“Alright, but if I’m so bland then why talk to me?”
I hesitated, contemplating how much of a dick I was gonna be.
“Because it means you probably need some spice in your life, which I can provide.”
He began sketching a head on his paper.
“I like spices, but I feel like you’re the kind of person to dump a cabinet’s worth onto me.”
I flicked my pencil over to his side of the desk, putting on a mocking grin.
“Aww, you scared I’m gonna get you into trouble?”
He picked up the pencil and started using it, putting his on my side.
“No, ‘cause I’m good at setting boundaries. I’m more concerned that you’ll get annoyed with how unafraid of you I am.”
I stared at him for a moment, I hadn't expected to hear that.
“Jeez, man you didn't have to read me like that.”
He shrugged, observing the red paint from past projects that lay on my pencil.
“It's not hard to figure out, just this morning you were trying to push me away on the bus. Lucky, or unlucky, for you I want you to have a friend and you seem like a fun person.”
“Wait are you saying I have no friends?” I squinted at him.
“Well, do you?”
I didn't answer.
“If your response is silence I suggest you take up my offer.”
I was stunned, to be honest. No one had offered to be my friend since 6th grade, and that didn't last long. Of course, I accepted it, but for the rest of the period, there was an awkwardness in my mind. As pathetic as it sounds I wasn't used to others genuinely enjoying my company like he did. Which was partly by design cause I get joy out of scaring people away, but still. I forgot how it felt to have conversations about normal things like art. He had such a nice smile too, usually when I see a grin I want to slap it off, but I liked his. His voice was also nice, it’s hard to describe what in particular but it was easy on the ears.
Okay, I’m starting to get off-topic. I’ll skip to the important part. Toward the end of class, he started talking about how he was interested in filmmaking and got a portable video camera as a gift at last year’s Eid. He didn't have it on him, but he showed me a picture.
“Heh, that’s funny, I bought the same one a month ago.” I pointed out.
“Yeah, it's a popular model, I’m still getting the hang of it though cause I’m so used to using my phone.”
“Well, maybe I could bring you over to my place or vice versa after school and I can help you out.” I suggested.
He smiled, putting his phone back in his pocket.
“I thought you said you’ve only had it for a month? You know I can always look up tutorials from trained professionals.” he reminded me with a notable smugness that I'd used with him before.
“Well those guys are stuffy and I’m a fast learner.”
He redirected his attention back to his page, picking his pencil up.
“Alright, I suggest we go somewhere public instead. You’re not exactly the kind of person I want to bring home to my parents right away. Plus they always need to meet my friends and their guardians before I hang out at their home.”
I gave an exaggerated sigh, stretching my back.
“Aw man, looks like we can’t get high in my murder pit during our first hangout.”
He didn't respond for a solid few seconds.
“Wait, you do know I'm joking right?”
He shrugged, the smile in his eyes appearing again.
“I mean, one of those things is a little less believable than the other.” he snickered, and I laughed with him.
We set up a time and a date, which is where I screwed myself. He ended up being busy with projects from his other classes and family which just left us with Friday, the same day I had to submit the video. Now, did I tell him I wouldn't be able to make it? No, of course not, because I decided to be stupid and even more overconfident. I said that I’d one hundred percent be able to hang out with him after school like I didn't have a mutilator who was going to drop by my place at an unknown time.
The rest of the day went over fine but that bad timing led me to feel like a dick later. When I got home I was able to write out my plan, even sketching a few specifics of what I’d do. It was more exciting than when I’d been brainstorming, but this is when the gravity of the situation began to set in. When I said I’d fantasized about killings I meant it. I mean my teddy with twenty-five stab wounds should say enough. Regardless this would be the first time real blood was on my hands.
It made me feel powerful, but a little afraid. I’ve heard stories of people thinking that it would be an awesome experience and then feeling like shit. I doubted I’d be one of those people but still. Plus, I didn't exactly trust the guy who gave me this job. There was a good chance that this whole situation was rigged and they’d kill me no matter how good the video was. Or worse turn me into the feds and expose my collection. Honestly, if that happened I’d probably eat a shot to avoid going to jail. Wait, can I say that on this platform? Okay to the mods, that was a joke, I want to live a long life. Ugh, I’m doing a terrible job of staying on track. The point is there was a lot up in the air despite it being a matter of life or death.
I knew I’d go through with it but it was still a lot less straightforward than it initially seemed. I wracked my brain to remember where most of the cats stayed and tried to come up with a good way to lure one without raising suspicion. This also proved harder than first thought because I didn't think to account for the cat man, an old guy who lived alone and fed all the cats in our dingy complex while also housing a few. Knowing how obsessive he was he’d probably notice if one of them disappeared. Then again not all the cats return consistently or at all. It makes more sense that he’d think one of them was run over rather than slaughtered. It was getting late again so I rested my head for a moment, a bad move cause I ended up falling asleep at my desk. Not even changing out of the clothes I’d worn before, I woke up late and barely caught the bus the next morning.
I went to my usual spot but Abdul had already taken it. He patted the area next to it, which he’d covered in a towel, a smart move knowing how nasty it was. People gave me a few dirty looks as normal, which I smiled at. I stretched, my mind slightly less out of it than the previous morning.
“Uh, you do realize that-”
“Yeah, I know I’m wearing the same clothes.”
Abdul looked me up and down, his eyes remaining soft, but with a mix of concern and judgment. He set his backpack down and took off his sweater handing it to me.
“Dude what are you-”
“Look I don't know what led to you not being able to change but I think you should at least have a fresh top.”
I was surprised he was offering me something to wear but I took it.
“Uh, thanks, I’ll change into it later.”
He nodded as I put it in my backpack.
“You know you didn't have to do that.” I reminded him.
“Well there’s a lot of stuff I don’t have to do, but I do it because I want to, and I wanted to help you out.”
He smiled, his face still warmer than an Arizona summer. I got a strange feeling in my chest at that moment, I still can’t tell if it was good or bad.
“Well, thanks, I'll give it back to you tomorrow.”
We talked a little more and he mentioned something that caught my attention.
“Have you heard about all the animals that have been turning up dead?”
My eyes widened with surprise.
“No, I haven't, when did you hear about that?”
He pulled on his long-sleeve shirt.
“My sister said her friend who works at a shelter noticed a bunch of animals were getting adopted by people around the same time, and since then gore videos with them have been showing up. She found out through her co-worker who was emailed it by some random creep.”
I covered my mouth and looked away to hide the smile growing on my face. He had just given me the perfect cover-up without knowing. Now if I killed an animal people had an entire violent ring to connect it to instead of me! I stayed quiet for a minute because I could tell he’d likely see through any phony sad sounds I made.
“Oh wow, that’s awful, do you think they’ll ever find out the people behind it?”
He sighed, running his hand through his wavy hair.
“I hope so, for now, all we can do is pray that no more animals get hurt.”
I couldn't contain my grin as he said that so sincerely like animals and people didn't die constantly and that taking down one group would somehow stop the issue.
“Is there some joke I don’t get?” he furrowed his brow.
“Uh, no, sorry I smile when nervous.”
His gaze softened again, and he didn't press further.
His bringing up the animal killings ended up being the exact push I needed to get my hands dirty. I’d spent the entire day before planning so it was time to put that plan into action. I stole some cat treats that the cat man had laid out and spread them around my apartment which was on the bottom floor. Waiting for one of them to take the bate outside my window was pretty boring but one of them came after a few minutes. A scraggly brown and black cat with a tuft of fur missing on one side of his head. It's messed up but I felt like a little less of an asshole for taking him in since he looked like he was already struggling. I scooped him up and he didn't attempt to fight back.
“Hey there buddy” I waved, feeding him some more food. His eyes had a lot of crust on them, it was kinda gross but I don’t have the right to say with how often I wash my jeans. After a minute or two he let me pet him. I knew making any kind of attachment was bad but I thought it was the right thing to do so he’d fall into a sense of security. I was just about to take him into my room when the door opened.
“Hey, I’m back with groceries!” my shithead cousin announced with two plastic bags in his hands. He looked down to see me with the cat, his eyebrows raising.
“Aw come on, you know we can’t afford a pet.”
He groaned placing the bags on a table and unloading them.
“I know, but he doesn't look like he’s got a lot of life in him I at least want to help him feel better before he kicks the bucket!”
Brick rolled his eyes, putting the cereal box on top of the fridge
“Jeez, did you even think about what diseases he might have? His eyes look puffy what if he has something that can get you sick?”
He had valid concerns which was surprising since he’s usually stupid, but I was still annoyed with him.
“I’m sure he’s fine, I’ll even try to wash him, just please let me hold onto him for a little.”
He folded his arms looking down at us.
“Have you even named him?”
I froze for a second, before using the first thing that came to mind, which ended up being pretty awful knowing my plans.
“Cash cow.” I blurted, awkwardly patting his head.
“Honestly that’s better than what I was expecting. I was sure you’d pick ‘Hellspawn Mcgee’ or something else corny.”
He meant to make fun of me but honestly, I would have named him that if I had more time.
“Ugh, anyway I got those dumb chips you like.”
He then pulled out a bag of the wrong chips.
“Dude those are the wrong ones, this is the third time you’ve mixed up the flavors.”
He threw them at me, scaring the cat slightly.
“Well, I pay for it so you shouldn't be so picky. Anyway, while I was in line I picked up something you might be into.”
He then tossed me a trashy teen magazine. One of my least favorite sorry excuses for an influencer on the cover.
“This is a joke, right?”
I couldn't believe my own adopted brother gave such little shit in my interests.
“I don't know, you decided to start being a girl for real this time so I thought the makeup tips on page ten would help you out.”
I scrunched my face at his comment.
“Dude I’ve been this way for years, just because I started wearing more makeup and dresses doesn't mean I’m more of a girl than when I didn't. I know you won’t get the two-spirit thing but come on.”
He shrugged, seeing me done with me even though he’d just shown up.
“Yeah well hey I’m trying. Anyway, just so you know a friend of mine is coming here Friday.”
My heart stopped.
“Wait why here? You live elsewhere why can’t you assholes go there or their place!”
He slammed his fist on the table.
“Will you shut the fuck up!”
He screamed with a phrase I’d grown numb to.
“I don't know, to be honest, something about wanting to move into this complex and this being a way to scout it out. I’m just letting you know now so you don’t act like a complete freak.”
“Jokes on you I’ll piss in whatever shitty beer you bring just cause you said that!”
I yelled back raising my voice higher than his. He face-palmed before putting the plastic bags in the drawer under the sink.
“Whatever, you and your ketamine-addict-looking cat have fun,” he told me while seating himself on the couch. I picked up the cat and walked into the bathroom to clean it. I closed the door and placed him in the dry tub. Using a small disposable mouthwash cup I got a little bit of water. I hadn't had a pet before so I wasn't sure how to approach the task. I dipped my fingers in the water and carefully pet it while pouring s small bit down his back. Any other cat would fight back but he just made pissed-off noises without doing anything.
I scrapped my old shampoo bottle and kneaded it into his thin fur. His skin was bumpy and dry beneath the hair so scrubbing it was uncomfortable. I made sure to avoid getting soap in its eyes but I did pull away some of the crust on its lids. His pupils were so clouded I was surprised that he could see at all, making me feel even more sure that he would be on its way out with or without me.
After drying him I set him on a beat-up shirt I wore when modifying clothes. He sunk his claws into it a few times, playing with a loose string. I ignored him for the rest of the night, hopping into the shower and changing for bed. His meows woke me up a few times but I tuned it out after a while, reminding myself that he wouldn’t be my cat for long.
The next day was Thursday and there wasn't a second that passed by where the weight of the murder I’d have to commit didn't weigh on me. I seriously shot myself in the foot by taking care of that scruffy, pubic hair pile. I was supposed to be hyped about killing it, after all, I’d dreamed and seen way worse than what I was going to do. Yet once I got home and started setting up I felt grosser with each step. I decided to record it in my bathroom instead of my bedroom so it would be harder to connect to me. I set down a few fabric scraps and a worn-out beach towel, placing it all inside a tub for easier cleanup later.
“Okay, I guess it's time,” I mumbled to myself. I brought the cat in and placed it down, setting up my camera once it was comfortable. I also wore my most generic clothes in addition to a mask, putting my hair in a bun for sanitation. When I saw the flicker of red showing that the camera was on I felt I was dreaming. I smiled, excited that I’d get to live out my violent desires. Yet, when I looked down at its pathetic frame and confused expression those urges left me.
I rationalized what I was doing, reminding myself how many animals die all the time and that I’d been forced into this, but it didn't help much in the end. I won’t get into it but under the pressure of impressing the group Cash Cow didn't go out as fast as I would have liked for a first task. Getting rid of the evidence was especially rough, the textures were pretty nasty, to put it mildly. It was surreal watching the blood go down the tub drain and gradually drip off my hands as I rinsed them. I couldn't conjure a single thought the entire time I cleaned it up.
Whether I was wringing out the clothes or putting the remains in plastic bags, it didn't matter. All I could focus on was the task at hand, with hints of disgust along the way. I ended up finishing at three AM. My hands were wrinkled and shook once I settled. I won’t deny that during the murder I didn't hate it. Slashing into something was fun and it made me feel strong. Still, it wasn't nearly as fulfilling as I expected it to be. Part of it was guilt, but it was mostly disappointment. I’d built it up for years and it wasn't earth shatteringly good or bad.
Overall, I expected to feel more, but it just left me hollow with an uncomfortable itch. There was no way I’d ever be able to see the tub the same way, hell I don’t think I’ll ever use it again. Luckily I almost always shower anyway so it's not too big of a deal. I watched a few horror game videos, trashed everything, changed and went to bed.
My scalp hurt like a bitch the morning since I kept my hair in that stupid bun. Despite getting less sleep than the past two days I held myself together a bit better in the morning. I brushed my teeth, changed, and had some fried bread before getting on the bus. Regardless I looked like complete shit and struggled to slump into my seat.
“Rough night?” Abdul asked
“Uh, yeah.” I quietly responded looking to the floor.
He frowned, looking at me with concern.
“You can talk about it if you're comfortable,” he assured me. I contemplated giving him a thinly veiled metaphor or vague explanation so he'd comfort me but stopped myself before my mouth could run a muck. He wouldn't be able to do much of anything and I don’t like opening up.
“Uhm, thanks but it's something I have to deal with alone.”
He nodded, respecting my boundaries.
“You know, I understand if you can’t hang out today it seems like you have a lot going on.”
I avoided eye contact with him as he spoke. For once I was feeling hints of guilt toward a person. I wanted to spend time with him, but I knew that I wasn't in the state to do that.
“Yeah, I think it’ll have to wait, I’m-” I cut myself off before apologizing. A fact about me that should surprise no one is that I hate apologizing. Even when I do feel kinda bad the act fills me with embarrassment.
“You what?” he asked, his eyes telling me that he knew what I was going to say.
“I’m emotionally not great.” I spat out in an admittedly poor attempt to get out of saying sorry. As always he remained calm but I could tell he saw through me.
“Okay, like I said I understand, whatever it is I hope you feel better.”
I told him thank you and we didn't speak for the rest of the day. At home I changed into more comfortable clothes and brushed my teeth. Unfortunately, I wasn't bouncing back from killing nearly as much as I expected.
“It wasn't even that bad! That thing was on its last legs anyway.” I grumbled to myself, smacking my forehead. I was feeling worse than when I did it which is weird. I ended up spontaneously decorating a ratty tie from the bottom of an accessory drawer to distract myself. It helped me get my mind off things, for a little. I had zero plan, just wanting to make something needlessly complex. Hours that felt like minutes passed and soon it was covered in patches, frills, and beads. I just tried it on when I heard the front door open.
“Man, that shit was wild!” I heard Brick laugh groggily. I didn't have to see or smell him to know he’d gotten lit. I rolled my eyes, closing my bedroom door.
“Hey, who’s there?” his friend asked, seemingly referring to me.
“Oh, that’s my little sis, don’t mind her she’s just on her emo shit!” he joked, which pissed me off for the petty reason that I didn't even listen or dress emo.
“Hey, that’s alright with me, I went through one of those phases,” they responded, their words less slurred than my cousin’s.
I fucked up and forgot to lock it when I closed it so they were able to swing it open, almost smacking my desk.
“Hey emo girl!” they waved as Brick haphazardly pulled them back.
“Okay, man, seriously I think she wants to be left alone.”
The way his friend looked at me made me uncomfortable. Like they’d snap my neck if I pissed them off. They clicked their tongue while stepping through the door frame.
“Alright, but I gotta say calling her an emo is inaccurate, they look like they watch gore and most emos just say they do.” they flashed a sharp toothy grin. At that moment I began to connect the dots.
“Easy, she’ll get pissy with you dude, now come on.” Brick warned tugging their opened button pushed him away. They looked me dead in the eyes.
“I don’t think she minds, in truth, I feel like we’ll have a lot to discuss later.” they smiled again, finally walking back into the living room. A chill ran up my spine when I saw them. The sharp teeth, New York accent, unsettling gaze, that motherfucker was the person who recruited me! They were able to get into my place so easily cause my dumbass cousin probably gave them a spare key or the opportunity to make one, and now they were a room away from me!
I dug my hands into my pillow as I contemplated what to do, no matter what happened next, I knew it was gonna be a rough visit.

Hi everyone.
In January I moved in a small student appartment. I have a few neighboors but we don't know each other, we just say "hello" when we cross paths in the building hallway.
Today it's sunday, I rest. But I woke up an hour ago when my downstairs neighbor was screaming as if he was in agony. It's screams like "Aaaahaahooooh" with not any existing word. To provide some context, we hear each other everytime. I can hear its phone notifications ringing, and I'm sure he can hear me very well when I'm playing video games online and screaming at my computer.
Anyway, when I woke up I realized that I was hearing these screams for a while during my sleep, but they were spaced long minutes apart. And later, he started banging against a wall or door to make more noise.
I'm not really socially brave, but I went downstairs to knock on his door, with my heart pounding. I was expecting an answer like "Aaaaahoooh *boom boom", but nothing. Not a single sound. I waited 2 minutes front of the door, I tried to go outside to check if I could si something through his window, but the shutters were closed. So I didn't dare to go in.
After that I came over in my appartment, and a few minutes later he screamed and banged the wall again.
Now, nothing since 15 minutes, and I don't know what to do.
Should I call 911 ? Or should I just go to his door and knock louder, open it and scream "WTF IS HAPPENING HERE ?"
Please help, I'm so young and shy.

Obviously paragraphs and paragraphs of explaining the lore of your world is considered infodumping, but where would you draw the line?
I don't know if what I try to do is considered infodumping. Basically, I insert one paragraph of a character using their knowledge of the world to explain something in the middle of your usual descriptory prose.
For example (an excerpt of chapter 4 from my first attempt at writing a full length novel. I'm about 11k words in):
Despite the boy standing at least two dozen paces away from her, Emily felt like he had drilled stakes into her eyes with his gaze. They were green-within-green without any trace of human white in them. They weren’t natural. They weren’t human. Her heart raced. Foreboding trepidation rushed through her veins. She became aware of her panting and her sweat inching down her forehead. She trembled, all of a sudden warming up despite the stale, cold air in the great hall.
She lowered her head, realising that she had torn holes into her gloves from balling her fists.
Before her stood a Roamer. Samira had taught her about them in her lessons. She was told the last of them died a century ago. A race of mutants created to serve as the personal bodyguards of lords and kings centuries ago, one of them served the Embelwoods of the past. Along with her great-grandfathers, they built the great duchy of New Calinthia on the backs of honour and virtue.
Her right palm throbbed. Pulling off her glove, Emily looked at the angular birthmark on her right palm again, and she noticed that it glowed gently with the same shade of green from the boy-Roamer’s eyes.
From under the boy’s coat, the characteristic Roamer’s dark-veins crept up his pale-skinned neck, stopping short of his jaw like serpents slithering through snow. He took off his hat, revealing a head of black hair. As he made his way through the great hall, nobody spoke a word. She saw tense looks on many soldiers’ faces, the look of shock given by bystanders witnessing a murder.
I've italicised the paragraph in question. It's not really describing action and feelings like the other paragraphs around it, but it also isn't a large wall of text describing the lore and such–that would be an obvious infodump. How large of a break from the flow of action to describe something about the world would you consider an infodump?
Edit: The paragraph also doesn't fully explain what they are fyi. I'm planning to explore the Roamers' abilities later in the story and sprinkle in more tidbits of lore throughout. I can add the premise of the story here for context if someone requests it.

So a few weeks ago I got ill, nothing too serious, probably just some bad sushi, or something I left in the fridge too long. Anyway my body decides - as they are prone to do - that firing out both ends for a while is the best solution. After a few hours of trying to stay hydrated through this, getting lightheaded etc. I start to notice blood in the vom. Now, I've had that before a few times, but combined with the lightheadedness when I've had seizures before I decide it's "oh fuck" time.
Now, I live down the road from the hospital, like if I take an evening stroll I'll walk past it. Still decide I'm probably not going to make it on foot without something bad happening so call the ambulance. I've called a fair few in my time and not once have I ever heard the operator say "On their way, lights and sirens." Anyway, they monitor me overnight, discharge in the morning, but say they want me in for a gastroscopy (camera down the throat to check things out) as an outpatient. No worries, I've had one before. Couple of weeks later they book me in. Because it's a general anesthetic I need someone to pick me up. I figure I've got a friend who works at the hospital, see if she can do it. She's busy at her other hospital. I don't want to drag someone 40 minutes each way so I have to stay overnight. Whatever.
Well they do the procedure and the doc comes to talk to me, basically says my throat was so fucked they couldn't actually see anything, but they managed a biopsy. Have to go on a course of meds for 8 weeks and come back to try again. Here's the kicker though, the thing that was making it fucked is apparently a serious indicatocause of, well you know the Atlantic? It's a big sea right.
So here's me living alone, no family to talk to, all my friends prepping for a wedding so I can't talk to them and risk having this hanging over the whole shindig, trying to handle that news along with job applications and interviews, driving my autism up the wall. Then I get told I have an apartment inspection in a week so I'm stressing about getting the apartment ready. Anyway with all that I forgot to eat for a couple of days which laid me up for a few days which isn't fun. Finally managed to get out of the apartment today and get something to eat - not much mind you - and do some cleaning for the inspection on Tuesday. The follow up appointment from the second procedure is about a week before the stag do and two before the wedding so I'm just hoping it's either good news or I can hold it together and not fuck things up for my mates.
Anyway, I know that's a bit of a ramble, but I figured you all might like to know that even through all this I'm not drinking. There's absolutely no good that can come of it, so I'm still here with you all.

Hi everyone.
In January I moved in a small student appartment. I have a few neighboors but we don't know each other, we just say "hello" when we cross paths in the building hallway.
Today it's sunday, I rest. But I woke up an hour ago when my downstairs neighbor was screaming as if he was in agony. It's screams like "Aaaahaahooooh" with not any existing word. To provide some context, we hear each other everytime. I can hear its phone notifications ringing, and I'm sure he can hear me very well when I'm playing video games online and screaming at my computer.
Anyway, when I woke up I realized that I was hearing these screams for a while during my sleep, but they were spaced long minutes apart. And later, he started banging against a wall or door to make more noise.
I'm not really socially brave, but I went downstairs to knock on his door, with my heart pounding. I was expecting an answer like "Aaaaahoooh *boom boom", but nothing. Not a single sound. I waited 2 minutes front of the door, I tried to go outside to check if I could si something through his window, but the shutters were closed. So I didn't dare to go in.
After that I came over in my appartment, and a few minutes later he screamed and banged the wall again.
Now, nothing since 15 minutes, and I don't know what to do.
Should I call 911 ? Or should I just go to his door and knock louder, open it and scream "WTF IS HAPPENING HERE ?"
Please help, I'm so young and shy.