Nutmeg and miscarriage
Miscarriage: Questions, support, information
2011.09.18 12:10 Mejin Miscarriage: Questions, support, information
Miscarriage is a community for those who are affected by or have experienced a miscarriage to talk about pregnancy loss. This is a place to come together and find support and connections to others who are going through this difficult process as well. We are so sorry you are in need for this sub, but we understand and are here for you. Hopefully you can find a little bit of relief here. Please feel free to vent and cry; this is a safe place for you to do so.
2009.04.20 19:43 A safe, welcoming community for all pregnant people!
A safer space for all pregnant people.
2008.06.28 20:02 Connect-I-Cut
"...We welcome you with cordial hospitality, and if you remain, we will try to furnish better weather tomorrow." - Mark Twain
2023.04.08 21:01 daisybeach23 Lady C Tea YouTube 4/8/23 (a few nuggets paraphrased by me!)
Lady C says, Happy Passover and Happy Easter. Whatever your religion is or no religion, I wish you well.
I have entertainment for you! For legal reasons Lady C says she makes no assertions. Somebody who knows someone really well told someone who knows her very well that a scene is now taking place somewhere she will call, “The Hopeless Ranch”
Meghan: “Harry I just don’t know how you could have done this to me! How you could have failed me like that I just don’t understand it. Look at what you have caused. Look at this mess. It’s not my fault. I didn’t do anything. I have always tried my very best to please you. You have made a mockery out of me. You have made me a laughingstock in front of the entire world. I don’t think I can face anyone and certainly not a the coronation.”
Harry: “You’ve got to come to the coronation. You simply must come. We must go. It is absolutely essential for a lot of reasons.”
Meghan: “You know money doesn’t matter to me. You know I don’t care about money. If that’s what you’re thinking, I am not going to be selling myself for Netflix.”
Harry: “…but it’s also our duty.”
Meghan: “Duty to those racists? Everyone in that country hates me. Your press called me black.. look at me, I am as white as….Mickey, except when I bronze up. How could you do this to me? I can’t show my face in front of the world. You have made us into a laughing stock.”
Harry: “Oh please please you have to come. It’s going to ruin us if you don’t go.”
Meghan: “I can’t I can’t. Ever since I met you, I have been in tears. Do you remember the first time you made me cry? You asked me about some story about me and yachts. What am I supposed to do? I am the same sweet and hardworking little girl I always was. I can’t believe how you have ruined my life.”
That is what is going to happen. Everyone believes at the 99th hour, Meghan will do this:
Meghan: “I suppose I will make the sacrifice. I can’t believe this, my life has been ruined. Ruined. Ruined…..I would have been the most popular person on Suits if I hadn’t met you, now I am the most unpopular person in the world. I am a humanitarian. I work at least an hour a week for the good of the world. And the rest for you and me.”
Harry: “Maybe all the work is for you and you.”
Meghan: “How can you say that after all my sacrifices I have made for you.”
According to what Lady C has been told, this is a likely reenactment of a certain noble creature making the ultimate sacrifice. Will she show us slim and sleek and bejeweled? Or is she going to show up Megnant? She may show up in a state of megancy. Mean people say that the stress and strain of this all may bring on a miscarriage? Can we believe any of this? Or is it all so farcical we must use it as laughter? Lady C’s understanding is there is sufficient outrage at the discourtesy at the way they have been playing the system, because it suits them and their followers.
Lady C, if Meghan is being given a Woman of Vision Award, they the people giving her the award should have gone to Specsavors. Lady C says Meghan is a woman of great vision. She has been patient. She laid in bed with wine and junk food until she found that antelope to pounce. She loves munching on Gingers. She is a huntress of High caliber. Required the talent to know when to pounce. None of this skill is feminist or humanitarian. As for feminists, isn’t everyone a feminist now? The days of woman being stuck at home are over. Women have to work. Women want to work.
Lady C, William seems very uncomfortable around Nutmeg on every photo of them together. William has always been acutely uncomfortable around Meghan and about Meghan. William is too well grounded to have been duped. And he wasn’t from the word “go.” And according to someone she knows, William and Catherine were not fans of Suits. Maybe they saw one or two episodes, but they were never bedazzled by Meghan Markle, number 6 on the call sheet, not even a lawyer on the show. Yes, the photos tell the tale.
Lady C, Taz said that “the rumor” was started by Giles Coren by tweeting about “the affair” as a joke after a boozy lunch. This is the same Giles who spent a few days partying with Meghan and Harry in Amsterdam at SoHo house two months before the tweet. This was reported by Allison Boshoff in the Daily Mail in September 2018. Lady C says this is exactly the same information Lady C has been given. She has been careful on how she presents this, without accusing anybody of anything, Giles Coren got that story from somewhere. Who has an interest to spread that story? And keep spreading it? Lady C has respect for Allison Boshoff and has a high opinion of her. Coincidence? Or do we believe what Freud when he said there is no such thing as a coincidence?
Lady C, I think Harry is chasing IPP. This accords people who hold this, a degree of latitude and privilege. Like a diplomat. It also means the country who hold them pays for their security. As you know, Meghan has been demanding security nonstop. She is worried her legion of fans will bother her. Meghan thinks she must be protected. This is probably a symptom of her disorder. They want to be isolated from the public so they can control what people say about them. For them, it is all about feeling important and government paid security achieves this.
Lady C, I live in Canada, and I was led to believe that Meghan’s family were terrible people. Yes Samantha and the family were slandered. There is an episode of the view where Ana Navarro calls Samantha “crazy.” She should be sued. Lady C says this person should contact Samantha Markle and give a witness statement. Samantha Markle will provide info on how to contact her soon.
Lady C, I thought 2023 was going to be a year of reconciliation. Who exactly, have they reconciled with? Lady C says they were advised they were going down a bad road, continuing to trash everyone. Everything has been done is a manipulative way, because they knew they could not reconcile. It was a cynical ploy to lead people to believe there would be a reconciliation then blame the other side when it did not happen. They are running out of moves. It’s like being a fashion designer who can’t design anymore. They just come up with the same old sack. And, their victims want nothing to do with them. They don’t want to see them. They don’t want to speak to them. All contact is limited.
Lady spoke about non MM related topics such as Camilla’s title as Queen vs Philip’s title as Prince, the coronation invitation, and the monarchy’s ties to slavery in the past.
Toodles, Sinners!
Edited a typo!
submitted by daisybeach23 to SaintMeghanMarkle [link] [comments]
I have entertainment for you! For legal reasons Lady C says she makes no assertions. Somebody who knows someone really well told someone who knows her very well that a scene is now taking place somewhere she will call, “The Hopeless Ranch”
Meghan: “Harry I just don’t know how you could have done this to me! How you could have failed me like that I just don’t understand it. Look at what you have caused. Look at this mess. It’s not my fault. I didn’t do anything. I have always tried my very best to please you. You have made a mockery out of me. You have made me a laughingstock in front of the entire world. I don’t think I can face anyone and certainly not a the coronation.”
Harry: “You’ve got to come to the coronation. You simply must come. We must go. It is absolutely essential for a lot of reasons.”
Meghan: “You know money doesn’t matter to me. You know I don’t care about money. If that’s what you’re thinking, I am not going to be selling myself for Netflix.”
Harry: “…but it’s also our duty.”
Meghan: “Duty to those racists? Everyone in that country hates me. Your press called me black.. look at me, I am as white as….Mickey, except when I bronze up. How could you do this to me? I can’t show my face in front of the world. You have made us into a laughing stock.”
Harry: “Oh please please you have to come. It’s going to ruin us if you don’t go.”
Meghan: “I can’t I can’t. Ever since I met you, I have been in tears. Do you remember the first time you made me cry? You asked me about some story about me and yachts. What am I supposed to do? I am the same sweet and hardworking little girl I always was. I can’t believe how you have ruined my life.”
That is what is going to happen. Everyone believes at the 99th hour, Meghan will do this:
Meghan: “I suppose I will make the sacrifice. I can’t believe this, my life has been ruined. Ruined. Ruined…..I would have been the most popular person on Suits if I hadn’t met you, now I am the most unpopular person in the world. I am a humanitarian. I work at least an hour a week for the good of the world. And the rest for you and me.”
Harry: “Maybe all the work is for you and you.”
Meghan: “How can you say that after all my sacrifices I have made for you.”
According to what Lady C has been told, this is a likely reenactment of a certain noble creature making the ultimate sacrifice. Will she show us slim and sleek and bejeweled? Or is she going to show up Megnant? She may show up in a state of megancy. Mean people say that the stress and strain of this all may bring on a miscarriage? Can we believe any of this? Or is it all so farcical we must use it as laughter? Lady C’s understanding is there is sufficient outrage at the discourtesy at the way they have been playing the system, because it suits them and their followers.
Lady C, if Meghan is being given a Woman of Vision Award, they the people giving her the award should have gone to Specsavors. Lady C says Meghan is a woman of great vision. She has been patient. She laid in bed with wine and junk food until she found that antelope to pounce. She loves munching on Gingers. She is a huntress of High caliber. Required the talent to know when to pounce. None of this skill is feminist or humanitarian. As for feminists, isn’t everyone a feminist now? The days of woman being stuck at home are over. Women have to work. Women want to work.
Lady C, William seems very uncomfortable around Nutmeg on every photo of them together. William has always been acutely uncomfortable around Meghan and about Meghan. William is too well grounded to have been duped. And he wasn’t from the word “go.” And according to someone she knows, William and Catherine were not fans of Suits. Maybe they saw one or two episodes, but they were never bedazzled by Meghan Markle, number 6 on the call sheet, not even a lawyer on the show. Yes, the photos tell the tale.
Lady C, Taz said that “the rumor” was started by Giles Coren by tweeting about “the affair” as a joke after a boozy lunch. This is the same Giles who spent a few days partying with Meghan and Harry in Amsterdam at SoHo house two months before the tweet. This was reported by Allison Boshoff in the Daily Mail in September 2018. Lady C says this is exactly the same information Lady C has been given. She has been careful on how she presents this, without accusing anybody of anything, Giles Coren got that story from somewhere. Who has an interest to spread that story? And keep spreading it? Lady C has respect for Allison Boshoff and has a high opinion of her. Coincidence? Or do we believe what Freud when he said there is no such thing as a coincidence?
Lady C, I think Harry is chasing IPP. This accords people who hold this, a degree of latitude and privilege. Like a diplomat. It also means the country who hold them pays for their security. As you know, Meghan has been demanding security nonstop. She is worried her legion of fans will bother her. Meghan thinks she must be protected. This is probably a symptom of her disorder. They want to be isolated from the public so they can control what people say about them. For them, it is all about feeling important and government paid security achieves this.
Lady C, I live in Canada, and I was led to believe that Meghan’s family were terrible people. Yes Samantha and the family were slandered. There is an episode of the view where Ana Navarro calls Samantha “crazy.” She should be sued. Lady C says this person should contact Samantha Markle and give a witness statement. Samantha Markle will provide info on how to contact her soon.
Lady C, I thought 2023 was going to be a year of reconciliation. Who exactly, have they reconciled with? Lady C says they were advised they were going down a bad road, continuing to trash everyone. Everything has been done is a manipulative way, because they knew they could not reconcile. It was a cynical ploy to lead people to believe there would be a reconciliation then blame the other side when it did not happen. They are running out of moves. It’s like being a fashion designer who can’t design anymore. They just come up with the same old sack. And, their victims want nothing to do with them. They don’t want to see them. They don’t want to speak to them. All contact is limited.
Lady spoke about non MM related topics such as Camilla’s title as Queen vs Philip’s title as Prince, the coronation invitation, and the monarchy’s ties to slavery in the past.
Toodles, Sinners!
Edited a typo!
2023.03.15 01:28 OzzieSlim The Mods Suggested This Needed It’s Own Post - The Blueprint
The big grift is coming to its logical conclusion soon. With the Queen (rest in peace HM) covering for him, Ginger thought this would all blow away on the wind. As much as Nutmeg was grifting on what she thought was a billion dollar yacht that turned out be a leaky, rubber raft, Ginger thought he was getting a Hollywood A lister who ended up being a streaky grifter with her carbuncle mother attached to the deal.
I’ve been thinking about the whole story in it’s entirety and this is how I think it went down - more or less.
We’ll start with Nutmeg. This all goes back to Tig which is essentially nothing more than a poor man’s copycat of Goop. Gwyneth Paltrow is many things but a great actress is not one of them, despite her cavalcade of awards. Like Nutmeg, she is a nepo baby of Hollywood (actress motheproducer father).
She married Chris Martin, a Brit. Here are a few of her accolades:
Paltrow is a Save the Children artist ambassador
She is on the board of the Robin Hood Foundation, a charitable organization that works to alleviate poverty in New York City
she hosted a Democratic fundraiser attended by President Barack Obama
hosted a fundraiser for Democratic presidential candidate Mayor Pete Buttigieg
Paltrow, along with other celebrities, discussed the COVID-19 pandemic with Dr. Anthony Fauci on a one-hour-long zoom call
In 2009, Paltrow narrated the audiobook The Brown Bear & Friends by Bill Martin Jr., the first of a series of children's audiobooks that she narrated.
In May 2005, Paltrow became the face of Estée Lauder's Pleasures perfume
In 2006, she became the face for Bean Pole International, a Korean fashion brand and in 2014, she partnered with Blo Blow Bar, teaming up with the brand's creative branch.
In September 2008, Paltrow launched the weekly lifestyle newsletter Goop, encouraging readers to 'nourish the inner aspect'. “And I wanted it to be a word that means nothing and could mean anything”.
Goop has expanded into e-commerce, collaborating with fashion brands, launching pop-up shops,launching a wellness summit,a print magazine,a podcast,and a documentary series streamed on Netflix. Goop's references to feminism, traditional Asian medicines and Eastern philosophies, and anti-establishment politics.
In January 2021, it was announced that Paltrow was an early investor in Thirteen Lune, an e-commerce site focused on makeup, skincare, haircare and wellness products owned by people of color and ally brands
In 2011, she wrote a book titled My Father's Daughter: Delicious, Easy Recipes Celebrating Family and Togetherness. Numerous cookbooks and foodie projects have followed.
Paltrow has received backlash from the scientific community and medical professionals for promoting unproven treatments based on pseudoscience through her company Goop. (FYI)
Paltrow cut down on work after becoming a mother.She also suffered from postpartum depression after the birth of her younger child in 2006. In March 2014, Paltrow announced that she and Martin had separated after ten years of marriage, describing the process as "conscious uncoupling."
Note the “crazy, coincidental” similarities? Nutmeg has used Gwyneth as her blueprint. I’ve said all along she’s not original and this is a classic example of how she operates her cosplay. It’s a transparent rip off. Ginger is just her “Chris Martin” upgrade.
Eugenie got played by this dumb broad. The royals are many things but wildly sheltered in the ways of the world is one of their weaknesses. Eugenie and Ginger were marks. Eug was feeling disempowered as the second child of the spare and Ginger is the second spare.
Doria and Nutmeg are both in this hip high. Egging and encouraging one another on. After all the manipulations (as outlined by many Redditors) getting rid of Thomas was essential. Because for anything else he might be, he knows these two very well and would likely not only have called bullshit on the scam, but exposed them both to the RF who he seems to have some respect for as I’ve never heard him say a negative word about any of them but the Queen especially.
The “conscious uncoupling” is next.
For Ginger, a sheltered life + being a spare + raging jealousy + untreated mental health and mommy issues + drugs made him the perfect mark for blackmail.
We basically watched him jump into this mess headfirst with a snap engagement and a snap wedding. Followed very closely by a snap pregnancy, and a snap miscarriage. Followed by another snap pregnancy.
He was all up for running away from home. He and Nutmeg basically thought that his relationship with the Queen + perceived weakness from Charles would get that 1/2 in, 1/2 out deal. No real work, and they would live the Paltrow blueprint.
BUT…..They underestimated QEII. While Ginger may be sheltered and stupid, QEII has seen ‘em come and seen ‘em go. She knew who Nutmeg was and I suspect she knew who Doria was too.
When the Queen said no, they decided to pivot fully to victim/tell all. But we aren’t in 1888 with serialized newspaper stories. We’re not in 1988 with cell phones the size of a book. This is the 2020’s with information at people’s fingertips on the Internet, a 24 hour news cycle and the ability to respond immediately.
This is also the age of citizen sleuths who can solve a case faster than any police force because there are millions with time. And no constraints on searching. That, coupled with incredibly interwoven networks of people, immediately destroyed the false narrative and yes, Ginger, disinformation, they tried to sow.
The A listers saw the danger immediately: two desperado’s with limited income, no access to the RF and a complete lack of discretion plus a loose relationship with the truth are anathema to the Hollywood dream machine. Reputations there are built on smoke and mirrors and nepotism. It’s a veneer and for it to work, the public can’t be allowed to see behind the curtain.
The Scarecrow (Nutmeg with no brain) and the Tin Man (Ginger with no heart) tried to pull the curtain back on Oz. And Dorothy’s house fell on them leaving nothing but a pair of stolen designer shoes from a Reitman’s shoot.
Now? Here come the flying monkeys to finish them off.
submitted by OzzieSlim to SaintMeghanMarkle [link] [comments]
I’ve been thinking about the whole story in it’s entirety and this is how I think it went down - more or less.
We’ll start with Nutmeg. This all goes back to Tig which is essentially nothing more than a poor man’s copycat of Goop. Gwyneth Paltrow is many things but a great actress is not one of them, despite her cavalcade of awards. Like Nutmeg, she is a nepo baby of Hollywood (actress motheproducer father).
She married Chris Martin, a Brit. Here are a few of her accolades:
Paltrow is a Save the Children artist ambassador
She is on the board of the Robin Hood Foundation, a charitable organization that works to alleviate poverty in New York City
she hosted a Democratic fundraiser attended by President Barack Obama
hosted a fundraiser for Democratic presidential candidate Mayor Pete Buttigieg
Paltrow, along with other celebrities, discussed the COVID-19 pandemic with Dr. Anthony Fauci on a one-hour-long zoom call
In 2009, Paltrow narrated the audiobook The Brown Bear & Friends by Bill Martin Jr., the first of a series of children's audiobooks that she narrated.
In May 2005, Paltrow became the face of Estée Lauder's Pleasures perfume
In 2006, she became the face for Bean Pole International, a Korean fashion brand and in 2014, she partnered with Blo Blow Bar, teaming up with the brand's creative branch.
In September 2008, Paltrow launched the weekly lifestyle newsletter Goop, encouraging readers to 'nourish the inner aspect'. “And I wanted it to be a word that means nothing and could mean anything”.
Goop has expanded into e-commerce, collaborating with fashion brands, launching pop-up shops,launching a wellness summit,a print magazine,a podcast,and a documentary series streamed on Netflix. Goop's references to feminism, traditional Asian medicines and Eastern philosophies, and anti-establishment politics.
In January 2021, it was announced that Paltrow was an early investor in Thirteen Lune, an e-commerce site focused on makeup, skincare, haircare and wellness products owned by people of color and ally brands
In 2011, she wrote a book titled My Father's Daughter: Delicious, Easy Recipes Celebrating Family and Togetherness. Numerous cookbooks and foodie projects have followed.
Paltrow has received backlash from the scientific community and medical professionals for promoting unproven treatments based on pseudoscience through her company Goop. (FYI)
Paltrow cut down on work after becoming a mother.She also suffered from postpartum depression after the birth of her younger child in 2006. In March 2014, Paltrow announced that she and Martin had separated after ten years of marriage, describing the process as "conscious uncoupling."
Note the “crazy, coincidental” similarities? Nutmeg has used Gwyneth as her blueprint. I’ve said all along she’s not original and this is a classic example of how she operates her cosplay. It’s a transparent rip off. Ginger is just her “Chris Martin” upgrade.
Eugenie got played by this dumb broad. The royals are many things but wildly sheltered in the ways of the world is one of their weaknesses. Eugenie and Ginger were marks. Eug was feeling disempowered as the second child of the spare and Ginger is the second spare.
Doria and Nutmeg are both in this hip high. Egging and encouraging one another on. After all the manipulations (as outlined by many Redditors) getting rid of Thomas was essential. Because for anything else he might be, he knows these two very well and would likely not only have called bullshit on the scam, but exposed them both to the RF who he seems to have some respect for as I’ve never heard him say a negative word about any of them but the Queen especially.
The “conscious uncoupling” is next.
For Ginger, a sheltered life + being a spare + raging jealousy + untreated mental health and mommy issues + drugs made him the perfect mark for blackmail.
We basically watched him jump into this mess headfirst with a snap engagement and a snap wedding. Followed very closely by a snap pregnancy, and a snap miscarriage. Followed by another snap pregnancy.
He was all up for running away from home. He and Nutmeg basically thought that his relationship with the Queen + perceived weakness from Charles would get that 1/2 in, 1/2 out deal. No real work, and they would live the Paltrow blueprint.
BUT…..They underestimated QEII. While Ginger may be sheltered and stupid, QEII has seen ‘em come and seen ‘em go. She knew who Nutmeg was and I suspect she knew who Doria was too.
When the Queen said no, they decided to pivot fully to victim/tell all. But we aren’t in 1888 with serialized newspaper stories. We’re not in 1988 with cell phones the size of a book. This is the 2020’s with information at people’s fingertips on the Internet, a 24 hour news cycle and the ability to respond immediately.
This is also the age of citizen sleuths who can solve a case faster than any police force because there are millions with time. And no constraints on searching. That, coupled with incredibly interwoven networks of people, immediately destroyed the false narrative and yes, Ginger, disinformation, they tried to sow.
The A listers saw the danger immediately: two desperado’s with limited income, no access to the RF and a complete lack of discretion plus a loose relationship with the truth are anathema to the Hollywood dream machine. Reputations there are built on smoke and mirrors and nepotism. It’s a veneer and for it to work, the public can’t be allowed to see behind the curtain.
The Scarecrow (Nutmeg with no brain) and the Tin Man (Ginger with no heart) tried to pull the curtain back on Oz. And Dorothy’s house fell on them leaving nothing but a pair of stolen designer shoes from a Reitman’s shoot.
Now? Here come the flying monkeys to finish them off.
2021.11.15 07:57 FerroMancer [OC] The Force Behind FTL, Part 8
Prev Next
The rest of the class was fascinating to Marcus. Much of it was guided meditation, trying to understand the means by which he would be able to channel magic. At first, there was very little progress made. It took time to realize that Marcus’ own ‘tanks’ might be incredibly deep, but they were also relatively low.
When she actually ‘passed’ him some ‘energy’, that was when things got interesting.
It felt like an extra warmth in his veins, a glowing ember in his chest, a vibrancy of the potential for motion, an extra sense that he had been blocked from. It didn’t intrude into his other senses, and his HUD noticed nothing else different about him, but he was definitely sensitive to something new within his body.
Progress was quickly made from there. His meditation gave him an idea, to his inner eye, about the raw energy he had access to. When the pfkaila would summon energy to her own hands, Marcus was able to tell, with his eyes closed, which one held the energy. When she held the energy in her fingertips and drew a picture in the air, Marcus was able to tell what the symbol was. When she held energy in both hands, Marcus was able to mimic her movements precisely.
When the class ended, she gave him some pointed advice. He was making progress, but he wasn’t to try using the energy without having an instructor or teacher present. His fellow students didn’t have the training to control what might come out of him if he released the energy without focus.
He ate a quick dinner, shared his progress with his Xylus roommate, and continued his work on the various messages he needed to send home. He tried to imagine what would have convinced him that magic was real even a day or two before…and was having great trouble in doing so. He also intended to include the other hints of learning he had acquired: the basics of the numerical system, the identity of Dark MatteEnergy, the architecture and hierarchy of the social groups that he had interacted with so far.
He also spent some time on homework for his upcoming Co-Relations class.
“So. You want to know about Earth.”
He stood up on his chair, which put him at about head-height of most of the other students in class, but above them as they were all sitting down. The were all focused on him intently, including and especially the teacher.
He accessed the class’ holo-emitter through his HUD and set a proper backdrop behind him, so they could see what he was talking about and not remove their attention from him.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eEpEeyqGlxA
“Earth is about four point seven billion years old. Early in its existence, it made contact with another proto-planetary object, causing a massive amount of ejecta to sit in nearby orbit. The ejecta formed Earth’s only moon: roughly one sixth the size of the planet itself, roughly one light-second away.
“About seventy percent of the Earth is covered in water. It is the cradle of life on Earth. All Earth life evolved there. However, that water also contains three point five percent salt, making it unfit for land life to drink…for the most part. Once we evolved to live on land, it became unpotable to us. Fortunately, there are enough freshwater (that is, saltless) water on the planet that it does not inhibit us at all. In fact, thanks to solar energy, the oceanic currents, global wind patterns, and the planetary water cycle, salt water is constantly being transformed naturally into fresh water simply through global evaporation.
“The planet is roughly 12,700 kilometers in diameter. It has an iron core - both solid and liquid - providing not only more than nine meters per second squared of gravity, but a very strong magnetosphere.”
There were gasps at the indication of the gravity.
A new video began behind Marcus.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qlVgEoZDjok
“Earth’s axis is tipped approximately twenty-three degrees from the plane of the solar system. This causes a variety of seasonal change throughout its roughly 365 day cycle around the sun. Oppositely effecting the northern and southern hemispheres, temperatures can shift from as high as fifty degrees above freezing to ninety degrees below.”
Jaws dropped.
“Granted, people don’t live in the most extreme climes - what we call the Arctic and Antarctic circles. Rather…yes?”
Ro looked at him, puzzled. “What is a bear circle, or a non-bear circle?”
Marcus blinked for a moment, then nodded. “Ah. Apologies. Chalk it up to a problem with the translators. Our name for the northern and souther extremes of our planet - the lines of latitude above sixty degrees north and south respectively - are named after a constellation that was visible in the Northern Sky. It had many names: Taurus, Ursus, and Arctos. The latter was used to name the northern circle, and its opposite for the southern one. But our translators would just translate the word “Arctic” into ‘bear’. Sorry about that.”
“What…what is a bear?”
“Oh.” Marcus gestured behind him, as an image of various bears appeared behind him. Brown, Black, Grizzly, and Polar (with a human caricature for size comparison). “They’re large mammals that inhabit various countries. Some of them to inhabit the northern area, but the northern area was not named after them, actually.”
“They’re as big as us,” Ista said, staring at stills of roaring bears, teeth and claws out.
“And sometimes vicious, that’s true,” Marcus nodded. “Though we find that they’re only at their most threatening when threatened. Leave them alone, don’t get between them and food, and do not make moves towards their cubs…and they tend to leave us be.”
“You have not eliminated them from your planet?” Orntont asked. “It would be wise to slaughter those who would kill you casually.”
Marcus shrugged. “It’s their planet as much as it is ours. We don’t get the rights to genocide just because we’re smarter and we have thumbs. If we went by that logic, there wouldn’t be a single predatory species left on our planet…other than us.”
The teacher, Wikandolo, had his elbows on the desk, his fingers linked together in a complicated weave, supporting his chin. He was looking at Marcus in deep consideration.
“So, with this in mind, let’s talk about how dangerous the Earth is. Though the planet is more than six thousand kilometers to the core, the surface crust is quite thin. Under the continents, the exposed earth high enough to remain out of the oceans, the crust can be between thirty to a hundred kilometers thick. Out under the oceans, however, it might only be five kilometers thick. This means that the surface of the Earth is riding slow currents of magma, shifting the continental plates by roughly an inch each year. This can cause earthquakes and tsunamis: waves of water that will overpower and drown anything on the coasts.”
The class was silent.
“It can also cause violent volcanic action where the magma can be exposed to the surface.”
Videos of volcanic eruptions replaced diagrams of mantle thickness. Immediately after, a video of Mount St. Helens blowing its top.
“This can actually cause new land to be created in the form of oceanic islands. Many people live on those islands, despite the fact that they are still active.”
Clips of Mo’orea, Hawai’i, Stromboli.
“Strong wind currents generate Coriolis Effect storms, hundreds of kilometers across, with winds of two hundred kilometers per hour. Most are so large, pictures of them can only be completely taken from orbit. Land storms called tornados ravage many lands as well, causing incredible destruction.”
Videos of hurricanes and tornados appeared on the hologram. Several students leaned back in their chairs to get a few inches farther away from just the images.
The images faded to black.
“Alright, that’s most of the bad stuff,” Marcus said with a smile. “Let’s talk about the good stuff.”
Another video came up behind him.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gig9-jO7YL4
“Yes, there are areas of the planet with incredible predators, geological instability, intolerable weather. However, Earth is an incredibly beautiful planet, rich in character and resources. It is home to ten billion human individuals, spread across six of the seven continents. There are more than a hundred countries as well as several political and economic unions, such as the European Union and the North American Coalition. I am a citizen of the latter.”
The video shifted to scenes from the Northern United States and Canada.
“The place where I’m from is…well, almost equidistant from our equator to our north pole. It boasts vast, virgin forests, rich with diverse wildlife. For the most part, it’s one of the colder areas, but certainly within tolerable limits. In the winter, most days are only about ten degrees below freezing.”
The students looked at each other questioningly.
Marcus saw the doubt on their faces. “Well, if you don’t trust me, trust the other earthlings.”
The video changed again.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bLJw9yPusak
“The ‘tree of life’ of Earth is incredibly varied. There are animals inhabiting every possible niche of the food chain.”
He saw Ro start at the video of a snake, Co’lo and Wikandolo at gorillas, Fafarel and Dalenis at tigers. Orntont ‘huffed’ through her nose at an alligator. Skyss growled at a clip of an owl. Ista and Nip were open-mouth-stunned at images of birds and otters.
“Still, there is no better example of Terran hardiness than the tardigrade. Barely visible to the naked eye, this tiny creature is nearly indestructible to any natural forces.” The clip shifted to that of a tardigrade while he spoke about them. “They can survive boiling water, freezing ice, pressures deeper than our ocean has a miles underneath the surface, and even the vacuum of space.”
He looked at his stunned classmates. “We know. We tried. They lived.”
Silence in the classroom.
“They’re small enough to be carried on the wind, but strong enough to survive extinctions that killed the prehistoric beasts known as ‘dinosaurs’.”
A clip of dinosaurs was shown, and this time, Orntont also growled at the image.
“With such hardiness, it’s no surprise that they are also referred to as ‘water bears’.”
The class nodded. It was keeping with what they had learned about the larger bears earlier.
The video shifted back to clips of various Earth animals. With that playing behind him, he said, “Any questions thus far?”
Several hands went up.
He pointed at Nip. “Yes?”
“With so many types of life, so diverse it’s quite interesting, really; there must be alot of combat among the various animals for survival.”
“Oh, there’s combat among all of the life forms of Earth for survival.”
Nip jinked his head to the side. “Well, the sapient ones, I mean. I don’t mean, like, plants and things.”
Marcus shook his head. “Actually, the defenses that plants take to protect themselves from animals and other plants is pretty incredible.”
Nip gave him a weird look. “Seriously?”
“Absolutely. One type of plant, when its leaves are being eaten by an animal, releases a chemical signal to other plants in the area. This causes those plants to load their leaves up with a substance that’s distasteful to those animals.”
Nip’s mouth hung open.
“Also, there was a species of pepper that became to generate a molecule called capsaicin. When non-aviary animals ate it, the capsaicin caused an uncomfortable burning sensation in the mouths of those animals. Avians are able to eat those plants without getting that burning feeling, and thereby, are able to spread the seeds to other regions.”
Skyss looked at Marcus through slitted eyes. “And how do you know about the burning sensation? Were your people actually stupid enough to try it?”
Before Wikandolo could admonish Skyss for his words, Marcus laughed, his head thrown back.
“Indeed! We took that plant and subjected it to a very careful artificial selection program.”
Skyss nodded. “So the plant doesn’t release that chemical anymore.”
Marcus shook his head. “We made it about a thousand times more intense. We use it as a seasoning in our food.”
The wendele’s jaw dropped.
“We actually do that with alot of plants and their defensive systems. Our favorite drink has a molecule called ‘caffeine’. It’s toxic to several species on our planet. To us, it’s a psychoactive drug that promotes wakefulness. Nearly all of our spices are the same.”
“Ridiculous,” Skyss said, his arms crossed over his chest.
Marcus shrugged. “Cinnamon: high concentrations cause liver and kidney damage. Nutmeg: high concentrations cause delirium, anxiety, amnesia, and miscarriage. Clove and allspice can cause damage to the central nervous system. But we take those four, grind them together, and in smaller amounts, use them to flavor our favorite winter drinks. Like apple cider, whose apple seeds contain cyanide in small doses.”
“It does sound like that does not happen a great deal,” Wikandolo said, trying to restore order.
“True,” Marcus conceded. “Those spices are ones that we’ve harvested for years. Their toxins are largely to deal with insects and fungi and pests. It is difficult - though, not impossible - to inject a quantity that would be dangerous to us. In…most cases. However, we do have several plants that are deadly simply to be near.”
Before anyone could challenge him, he brought up various images on the holo-emitter. “Manchineel trees. The fruit is poison, the leaves are poison, the bark is poison. Sit under it during a rainstorm, and the poison leaks onto you and kills you. Giant hogweed. Touch it, and the chemical that gets under your skin is phototoxic. If you let light touch your skin, it’ll have you in pain for hours, and it can linger on your body for several days.
“Tobacco,” Marcus said with a sigh. “Contains nicotine and anabasine. Can be fatal if you eat it. But…”
The word hung in the air. “But?” Ista asked into the silence.
“But…if you dry the leaves and slice them into slivers, you can burn them. Inhaling the smoke provides you with a mild euphoria, though its long-term effects are also fairly deadly. You wouldn’t believe how many people on Earth are still addicted to it today.”
Silence in the room.
“Other questions?” Marcus said with a pained grin.
“What can you tell us about the human people of your planet?” Co’lo asked.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PUwmA3Q0_OE
Marcus brought up a video of the human population over time.
“While different species of humans co-existed for some time, my species, homo sapiens sapiens -“
Hands went up.
“- ignore the translation of the Latin; it’s the indicator for my particular genus of human.”
Hands went down.
“My species eliminated the competition of the other species. Our first civilizations rose approximately twelve thousand years ago. We progressed slowly through various levels of technological advancement: working in stone, working in bronze, working in iron, a greater understanding of basic sciences, mass production, atomic utilization, to extra-planetary settlement. We have a colony working on the next planet out, Mars, trying to get the colony self-sufficient. It’s slow-going, but they’ll get there in time.”
“What’s it like, living on Earth?” Co’lo asked.
Marcus shrugged. “Hard question to answer. This is the first time I’ve been off of it, so living there is…well, for us, normal. We work to support ourselves, we engage in recreation, we create, we procreate, we endure.”
“What kind of sports do you have?” Skyss asked, with barely any condescension in his tone.
“Oh, we’ve got alot.” Clips of hockey flashed across the hologram, before being replaced by baseball, football, soccer, lacrosse, various races, basketball, volleyball, boxing, swimming, rugby, archery, weightlifting, billiards, trap and skeet, gymnastics, fencing, and skiing, all before ending with a caber toss.
There was alot of murmuring in the room.
“That one with the weird ball,” Skyss said, “show that again?”
Marcus grinned. He brought up a clip of American-style football.
Skyss chuk’d. “Is that what you did with the siyalasa ball the other day?” He grinned. “It’s been the talk of the wendele on campus.”
“Sure is. I’ve thrown a football around, but it was really the low gravity here that let me throw it so far. If one of our professional players had gotten their hands on it, I bet it would have gone four times as far, at least.”
“What do you mean, professionals? Aren’t these games? Do you really have people that play games for their jobs?”
Marcus nodded. “Watching sports is very entertaining. There are strong rivalries between different teams, and tensions can get high. Generally speaking, games like that have people who have trained in the sport to the utmost ability. Between those local, regional sports and our global Olympic competitions, watching sports is a pasttime beloved all over the world.”
Skyss scoffed. “I cannot take it seriously. Someone that does no more than play for a living cannot be taken seriously.”
Marcus smiled. “I recommend you disabling your translation software for this one. Or…leave it on, for the effect. It’ll be a little intense.” He brought up a video of the New Zealand ‘All Blacks’ doing a haka.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NoriJc5DuD0
“This is one of the rugby teams, using an ancient battle cry of their ancestors at the beginning of competition.” Marcus grinned at the scared looks of his classmates. “An ancient challenge from people that weren’t afraid to eat their fallen foes. Those who aren’t at least a little intimidated? They’re either professionals, or they’re not paying attention.”
The class was quiet again.
“Do…do you do any of those sports?” Ista asked quietly.
“I…dabble,” Marcus said. “We can count martial arts as a sport of we engage in competitions, though I haven’t been in many. I’ve learned one of our martial arts that uses a staff. I also learned how to shoot on a competitive level. And I’ve played games in our basic sports - I mean, I’m a Canadian; I can play hockey as well as any of them - but I’m not looking to do any of them professionally.”
“A staff is not a weapon,” Orntont said.
“It is a tool,” he said directly to her. “Many tools are weapons, but all weapons are tools. Mine is simply more than a weapon.”
“A staff is not a weapon,” she repeated. “It has no blade. It has no means to kill. A staff is not a weapon.”
Marcus grinned. “Tell you what. How about I disprove that later in Self-Defense class?”
Orntont’s gaze was calm, but absolutely predatory. “I accept your challenge.”
Prev Next
submitted by FerroMancer to HFY [link] [comments]
The rest of the class was fascinating to Marcus. Much of it was guided meditation, trying to understand the means by which he would be able to channel magic. At first, there was very little progress made. It took time to realize that Marcus’ own ‘tanks’ might be incredibly deep, but they were also relatively low.
When she actually ‘passed’ him some ‘energy’, that was when things got interesting.
It felt like an extra warmth in his veins, a glowing ember in his chest, a vibrancy of the potential for motion, an extra sense that he had been blocked from. It didn’t intrude into his other senses, and his HUD noticed nothing else different about him, but he was definitely sensitive to something new within his body.
Progress was quickly made from there. His meditation gave him an idea, to his inner eye, about the raw energy he had access to. When the pfkaila would summon energy to her own hands, Marcus was able to tell, with his eyes closed, which one held the energy. When she held the energy in her fingertips and drew a picture in the air, Marcus was able to tell what the symbol was. When she held energy in both hands, Marcus was able to mimic her movements precisely.
When the class ended, she gave him some pointed advice. He was making progress, but he wasn’t to try using the energy without having an instructor or teacher present. His fellow students didn’t have the training to control what might come out of him if he released the energy without focus.
He ate a quick dinner, shared his progress with his Xylus roommate, and continued his work on the various messages he needed to send home. He tried to imagine what would have convinced him that magic was real even a day or two before…and was having great trouble in doing so. He also intended to include the other hints of learning he had acquired: the basics of the numerical system, the identity of Dark MatteEnergy, the architecture and hierarchy of the social groups that he had interacted with so far.
He also spent some time on homework for his upcoming Co-Relations class.
“So. You want to know about Earth.”
He stood up on his chair, which put him at about head-height of most of the other students in class, but above them as they were all sitting down. The were all focused on him intently, including and especially the teacher.
He accessed the class’ holo-emitter through his HUD and set a proper backdrop behind him, so they could see what he was talking about and not remove their attention from him.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eEpEeyqGlxA
“Earth is about four point seven billion years old. Early in its existence, it made contact with another proto-planetary object, causing a massive amount of ejecta to sit in nearby orbit. The ejecta formed Earth’s only moon: roughly one sixth the size of the planet itself, roughly one light-second away.
“About seventy percent of the Earth is covered in water. It is the cradle of life on Earth. All Earth life evolved there. However, that water also contains three point five percent salt, making it unfit for land life to drink…for the most part. Once we evolved to live on land, it became unpotable to us. Fortunately, there are enough freshwater (that is, saltless) water on the planet that it does not inhibit us at all. In fact, thanks to solar energy, the oceanic currents, global wind patterns, and the planetary water cycle, salt water is constantly being transformed naturally into fresh water simply through global evaporation.
“The planet is roughly 12,700 kilometers in diameter. It has an iron core - both solid and liquid - providing not only more than nine meters per second squared of gravity, but a very strong magnetosphere.”
There were gasps at the indication of the gravity.
A new video began behind Marcus.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qlVgEoZDjok
“Earth’s axis is tipped approximately twenty-three degrees from the plane of the solar system. This causes a variety of seasonal change throughout its roughly 365 day cycle around the sun. Oppositely effecting the northern and southern hemispheres, temperatures can shift from as high as fifty degrees above freezing to ninety degrees below.”
Jaws dropped.
“Granted, people don’t live in the most extreme climes - what we call the Arctic and Antarctic circles. Rather…yes?”
Ro looked at him, puzzled. “What is a bear circle, or a non-bear circle?”
Marcus blinked for a moment, then nodded. “Ah. Apologies. Chalk it up to a problem with the translators. Our name for the northern and souther extremes of our planet - the lines of latitude above sixty degrees north and south respectively - are named after a constellation that was visible in the Northern Sky. It had many names: Taurus, Ursus, and Arctos. The latter was used to name the northern circle, and its opposite for the southern one. But our translators would just translate the word “Arctic” into ‘bear’. Sorry about that.”
“What…what is a bear?”
“Oh.” Marcus gestured behind him, as an image of various bears appeared behind him. Brown, Black, Grizzly, and Polar (with a human caricature for size comparison). “They’re large mammals that inhabit various countries. Some of them to inhabit the northern area, but the northern area was not named after them, actually.”
“They’re as big as us,” Ista said, staring at stills of roaring bears, teeth and claws out.
“And sometimes vicious, that’s true,” Marcus nodded. “Though we find that they’re only at their most threatening when threatened. Leave them alone, don’t get between them and food, and do not make moves towards their cubs…and they tend to leave us be.”
“You have not eliminated them from your planet?” Orntont asked. “It would be wise to slaughter those who would kill you casually.”
Marcus shrugged. “It’s their planet as much as it is ours. We don’t get the rights to genocide just because we’re smarter and we have thumbs. If we went by that logic, there wouldn’t be a single predatory species left on our planet…other than us.”
The teacher, Wikandolo, had his elbows on the desk, his fingers linked together in a complicated weave, supporting his chin. He was looking at Marcus in deep consideration.
“So, with this in mind, let’s talk about how dangerous the Earth is. Though the planet is more than six thousand kilometers to the core, the surface crust is quite thin. Under the continents, the exposed earth high enough to remain out of the oceans, the crust can be between thirty to a hundred kilometers thick. Out under the oceans, however, it might only be five kilometers thick. This means that the surface of the Earth is riding slow currents of magma, shifting the continental plates by roughly an inch each year. This can cause earthquakes and tsunamis: waves of water that will overpower and drown anything on the coasts.”
The class was silent.
“It can also cause violent volcanic action where the magma can be exposed to the surface.”
Videos of volcanic eruptions replaced diagrams of mantle thickness. Immediately after, a video of Mount St. Helens blowing its top.
“This can actually cause new land to be created in the form of oceanic islands. Many people live on those islands, despite the fact that they are still active.”
Clips of Mo’orea, Hawai’i, Stromboli.
“Strong wind currents generate Coriolis Effect storms, hundreds of kilometers across, with winds of two hundred kilometers per hour. Most are so large, pictures of them can only be completely taken from orbit. Land storms called tornados ravage many lands as well, causing incredible destruction.”
Videos of hurricanes and tornados appeared on the hologram. Several students leaned back in their chairs to get a few inches farther away from just the images.
The images faded to black.
“Alright, that’s most of the bad stuff,” Marcus said with a smile. “Let’s talk about the good stuff.”
Another video came up behind him.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gig9-jO7YL4
“Yes, there are areas of the planet with incredible predators, geological instability, intolerable weather. However, Earth is an incredibly beautiful planet, rich in character and resources. It is home to ten billion human individuals, spread across six of the seven continents. There are more than a hundred countries as well as several political and economic unions, such as the European Union and the North American Coalition. I am a citizen of the latter.”
The video shifted to scenes from the Northern United States and Canada.
“The place where I’m from is…well, almost equidistant from our equator to our north pole. It boasts vast, virgin forests, rich with diverse wildlife. For the most part, it’s one of the colder areas, but certainly within tolerable limits. In the winter, most days are only about ten degrees below freezing.”
The students looked at each other questioningly.
Marcus saw the doubt on their faces. “Well, if you don’t trust me, trust the other earthlings.”
The video changed again.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bLJw9yPusak
“The ‘tree of life’ of Earth is incredibly varied. There are animals inhabiting every possible niche of the food chain.”
He saw Ro start at the video of a snake, Co’lo and Wikandolo at gorillas, Fafarel and Dalenis at tigers. Orntont ‘huffed’ through her nose at an alligator. Skyss growled at a clip of an owl. Ista and Nip were open-mouth-stunned at images of birds and otters.
“Still, there is no better example of Terran hardiness than the tardigrade. Barely visible to the naked eye, this tiny creature is nearly indestructible to any natural forces.” The clip shifted to that of a tardigrade while he spoke about them. “They can survive boiling water, freezing ice, pressures deeper than our ocean has a miles underneath the surface, and even the vacuum of space.”
He looked at his stunned classmates. “We know. We tried. They lived.”
Silence in the classroom.
“They’re small enough to be carried on the wind, but strong enough to survive extinctions that killed the prehistoric beasts known as ‘dinosaurs’.”
A clip of dinosaurs was shown, and this time, Orntont also growled at the image.
“With such hardiness, it’s no surprise that they are also referred to as ‘water bears’.”
The class nodded. It was keeping with what they had learned about the larger bears earlier.
The video shifted back to clips of various Earth animals. With that playing behind him, he said, “Any questions thus far?”
Several hands went up.
He pointed at Nip. “Yes?”
“With so many types of life, so diverse it’s quite interesting, really; there must be alot of combat among the various animals for survival.”
“Oh, there’s combat among all of the life forms of Earth for survival.”
Nip jinked his head to the side. “Well, the sapient ones, I mean. I don’t mean, like, plants and things.”
Marcus shook his head. “Actually, the defenses that plants take to protect themselves from animals and other plants is pretty incredible.”
Nip gave him a weird look. “Seriously?”
“Absolutely. One type of plant, when its leaves are being eaten by an animal, releases a chemical signal to other plants in the area. This causes those plants to load their leaves up with a substance that’s distasteful to those animals.”
Nip’s mouth hung open.
“Also, there was a species of pepper that became to generate a molecule called capsaicin. When non-aviary animals ate it, the capsaicin caused an uncomfortable burning sensation in the mouths of those animals. Avians are able to eat those plants without getting that burning feeling, and thereby, are able to spread the seeds to other regions.”
Skyss looked at Marcus through slitted eyes. “And how do you know about the burning sensation? Were your people actually stupid enough to try it?”
Before Wikandolo could admonish Skyss for his words, Marcus laughed, his head thrown back.
“Indeed! We took that plant and subjected it to a very careful artificial selection program.”
Skyss nodded. “So the plant doesn’t release that chemical anymore.”
Marcus shook his head. “We made it about a thousand times more intense. We use it as a seasoning in our food.”
The wendele’s jaw dropped.
“We actually do that with alot of plants and their defensive systems. Our favorite drink has a molecule called ‘caffeine’. It’s toxic to several species on our planet. To us, it’s a psychoactive drug that promotes wakefulness. Nearly all of our spices are the same.”
“Ridiculous,” Skyss said, his arms crossed over his chest.
Marcus shrugged. “Cinnamon: high concentrations cause liver and kidney damage. Nutmeg: high concentrations cause delirium, anxiety, amnesia, and miscarriage. Clove and allspice can cause damage to the central nervous system. But we take those four, grind them together, and in smaller amounts, use them to flavor our favorite winter drinks. Like apple cider, whose apple seeds contain cyanide in small doses.”
“It does sound like that does not happen a great deal,” Wikandolo said, trying to restore order.
“True,” Marcus conceded. “Those spices are ones that we’ve harvested for years. Their toxins are largely to deal with insects and fungi and pests. It is difficult - though, not impossible - to inject a quantity that would be dangerous to us. In…most cases. However, we do have several plants that are deadly simply to be near.”
Before anyone could challenge him, he brought up various images on the holo-emitter. “Manchineel trees. The fruit is poison, the leaves are poison, the bark is poison. Sit under it during a rainstorm, and the poison leaks onto you and kills you. Giant hogweed. Touch it, and the chemical that gets under your skin is phototoxic. If you let light touch your skin, it’ll have you in pain for hours, and it can linger on your body for several days.
“Tobacco,” Marcus said with a sigh. “Contains nicotine and anabasine. Can be fatal if you eat it. But…”
The word hung in the air. “But?” Ista asked into the silence.
“But…if you dry the leaves and slice them into slivers, you can burn them. Inhaling the smoke provides you with a mild euphoria, though its long-term effects are also fairly deadly. You wouldn’t believe how many people on Earth are still addicted to it today.”
Silence in the room.
“Other questions?” Marcus said with a pained grin.
“What can you tell us about the human people of your planet?” Co’lo asked.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PUwmA3Q0_OE
Marcus brought up a video of the human population over time.
“While different species of humans co-existed for some time, my species, homo sapiens sapiens -“
Hands went up.
“- ignore the translation of the Latin; it’s the indicator for my particular genus of human.”
Hands went down.
“My species eliminated the competition of the other species. Our first civilizations rose approximately twelve thousand years ago. We progressed slowly through various levels of technological advancement: working in stone, working in bronze, working in iron, a greater understanding of basic sciences, mass production, atomic utilization, to extra-planetary settlement. We have a colony working on the next planet out, Mars, trying to get the colony self-sufficient. It’s slow-going, but they’ll get there in time.”
“What’s it like, living on Earth?” Co’lo asked.
Marcus shrugged. “Hard question to answer. This is the first time I’ve been off of it, so living there is…well, for us, normal. We work to support ourselves, we engage in recreation, we create, we procreate, we endure.”
“What kind of sports do you have?” Skyss asked, with barely any condescension in his tone.
“Oh, we’ve got alot.” Clips of hockey flashed across the hologram, before being replaced by baseball, football, soccer, lacrosse, various races, basketball, volleyball, boxing, swimming, rugby, archery, weightlifting, billiards, trap and skeet, gymnastics, fencing, and skiing, all before ending with a caber toss.
There was alot of murmuring in the room.
“That one with the weird ball,” Skyss said, “show that again?”
Marcus grinned. He brought up a clip of American-style football.
Skyss chuk’d. “Is that what you did with the siyalasa ball the other day?” He grinned. “It’s been the talk of the wendele on campus.”
“Sure is. I’ve thrown a football around, but it was really the low gravity here that let me throw it so far. If one of our professional players had gotten their hands on it, I bet it would have gone four times as far, at least.”
“What do you mean, professionals? Aren’t these games? Do you really have people that play games for their jobs?”
Marcus nodded. “Watching sports is very entertaining. There are strong rivalries between different teams, and tensions can get high. Generally speaking, games like that have people who have trained in the sport to the utmost ability. Between those local, regional sports and our global Olympic competitions, watching sports is a pasttime beloved all over the world.”
Skyss scoffed. “I cannot take it seriously. Someone that does no more than play for a living cannot be taken seriously.”
Marcus smiled. “I recommend you disabling your translation software for this one. Or…leave it on, for the effect. It’ll be a little intense.” He brought up a video of the New Zealand ‘All Blacks’ doing a haka.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NoriJc5DuD0
“This is one of the rugby teams, using an ancient battle cry of their ancestors at the beginning of competition.” Marcus grinned at the scared looks of his classmates. “An ancient challenge from people that weren’t afraid to eat their fallen foes. Those who aren’t at least a little intimidated? They’re either professionals, or they’re not paying attention.”
The class was quiet again.
“Do…do you do any of those sports?” Ista asked quietly.
“I…dabble,” Marcus said. “We can count martial arts as a sport of we engage in competitions, though I haven’t been in many. I’ve learned one of our martial arts that uses a staff. I also learned how to shoot on a competitive level. And I’ve played games in our basic sports - I mean, I’m a Canadian; I can play hockey as well as any of them - but I’m not looking to do any of them professionally.”
“A staff is not a weapon,” Orntont said.
“It is a tool,” he said directly to her. “Many tools are weapons, but all weapons are tools. Mine is simply more than a weapon.”
“A staff is not a weapon,” she repeated. “It has no blade. It has no means to kill. A staff is not a weapon.”
Marcus grinned. “Tell you what. How about I disprove that later in Self-Defense class?”
Orntont’s gaze was calm, but absolutely predatory. “I accept your challenge.”
Prev Next
2021.11.01 19:00 Fungichu List of Herbs and Their Uses 🌿
Aconite Also known as Wolfsbane, it can be used to make a wash for ritual tools & space. Note: Poisonous, do not ingest. *Caution – Poisonous, do not consume*
Acorn Can be used in charms or spells for good luck, protection, wisdom, and personal power. Sacred to Druids and can be used at the tip of wands.
Adder’s Tongue This herb can be used in spells and charms to stop gossip and slander or to promote healing. It has also been referred to as Serpent’s Tongue and is often considered sacred to those gods associated with snakes.
Agrimony It is used in protection spells. It can also be used to reverse spells sent against you. It can also be used in “sleep” sachets that you place under your pillow to allow you a restful sleep.
Alder Used for protection spells and divination. Associated with music and weather magic and sacred to Druids. A whistle made from the branch of an Alder tree is associate with the old superstition of whistling up the wind.
Alfalfa Used in spells involving prosperity, money and to ward off hunger.
All Spice This herb promotes determination and energy. It is also used in spells and charms that involve money, luck and healing. Can be used to create a healing herbal bath.
Almond Associated with wisdom, money, fruitfulness, and prosperity. It can be used in spells and charms or burned as incense to attract abundance. Be careful to specify what type of abundance you are seeking.
Aloe Used for protection and luck. It can be hung in the home as a charm to attract luck and protection for those who live there. It can also be grown in pots and placed around the home to provide protection from accidents within the home.
Amber Used for protection from harm and success. Helps to clear the mind and bring prosperity. Burn as an incense to transform the ambient negative energy to positive energy.
Anemone Protection and healing.
Angelica This herb is an excellent one to use for protection against negative energy. It can also be used in healing & exorcism incenses. It can be used in purification and uncrossing spells. It can be used in herbal baths for the purpose of removing curses, hexes, or spells. Sprinkle around the outside of your home for protection of the home.
Anise Use in a sleep pillow to prevent disturbing dreams. A good herb to add to purification baths. Can be used in protection and meditation incenses. It can be used as an incense during the invocation of Mercury or Apollo.
Apple Sometimes considered the food of the gods. Apples play an important role in many mythologies and are tied to fertility gods. It is also considered the food of the dead and is burned at Samhain in honor of those who will be reborn in the spring. It is traditional to leave two apples in the woods when you are finished hunting as an offering to the Horned God. Apple wood is also used in the making of wands to be used when doing rituals dealing with the underworld. It is also considered a sacred tree by the Druids. Apple cider can be substituted for spells/rituals that require blood or wine.
Arnica An excellent herb that is used in salves for the healing of bruises and sprains. It can be applied to where there is pain and/or inflammation of the skin.
Bachelor Buttons Use in Love charms/spells.
Basil It is used for exorcism, protection and love potions. Sprinkled around the house to ward off evil/negative spirits. There is an old saying, “Where Basil grows, no evil goes!” and “Where Basil is, no evil lives.” A gift of Basil given to someone moving into a new home will bring them good luck.
Bay Leaf Sacred to the god Apollo. This herb is used for protection, good fortune, success, purification, strength, healing and divination. It is traditional to write wishes on the leaves and then burn them to make them come true. Can be used in charms that when placed under the pillow will induce prophetic dreams. Place a leaf in the corner of each room in the house to protect all that dwell there. Carry bay leaf or use in a protection charm to protect yourself against magical attack.
Bayberry Brings good fortune, luck, healing, and relief from stress.
Beeswax Used for making candles, natural polish, protective finish for things such as wooden wands, and used in herbal salves to thicken.
Belladonna This herb is deadly poisonous. Handle with care - DO NOT INGEST. Caution should be taken when handling because it can be absorbed through the skin. Its uses include astral projection and protection spells. It can be used in flying ointment to achieve altered states of mind. It is not recommended though because people have died using this herb. Even some who were quite familiar with its use. (get a consult with a crone)
Benzoin A resin used for purifying, for success, meditation, and stress reduction. It can be used alone as an incense or as a binder in making incense. It works well as a fixative in the blending of other resins together. It enhances the scent of other resins when mixed in. A must when making incenses that use resins.
Bergamot Used in spells and charms involving money, prosperity, protection, stopping outside interference, and promoting restful sleep.
Black Pepper Used in spells and charms that banish negativity and protection from evil. Also used in exorcism.
Brimstone Another name for powdered sulfur. Used in spells and charms that dispels or prevents a curse/hex. Can be used to remove an enemy’s power over you.
Buckeye A good herb for divination. It can be used in spells and charms to bring good luck and attracting money and wealth. Used in Hoodoo as a charm for gamblers.
Cactus Used for protection and banishing. It can be mixed with other banishing symbols for protection. Grow in the home or garden for protection of the home. Best to place in all directions of the home (north, south, east, and west) to ensure full protection. It’s needles, instead of whole plant, can be used in spells/charms for protection.
Carnation Can be used in healing and protection.
Cashew Used for money spells and charms.
Catnip An herb sacred to Bast. Effective when used in rituals involving cats or cat deities. It can be used with other herbs in love spells and charms. If grown near the home it will attract positive spirits. It can be used in charms to bring good luck.
Cedar Use in spells and charms to promote strength, money, protection, healing and purification.
Chamomile Use on spells and charms to bring love, healing, and reduction of stress. Sprinkle around the house for protection and to dispel curses. Burn as incense for de-stressing and meditation. Make into a tea and drink for a restful sleep. Used for luck in gambling and to attract wealth.
Cherry Bark/Wood Used in lust spells. Can also be burned as an incense to aid in divination.
Chili Pepper Use in spells and charms to promote fidelity and love. Use to “spice” or “heat up” a relationship. It can also be used in spells to break curses/hexes. Place them around the house to break negative spells placed on you or those in the home.
Chives Used for protection and weight loss. Mix in food with magical intent to promote weight loss or protect those who eat the food.
Chrysanthemum Protection. Grow in the garden for protection of the home. White is the best color of flower for this, but any color will do.
Cinnamon Use in spells and charms to draw money & prosperity. Also used to raise spirituality and promote healing, success, protection and luck. Can be burned and an incense to promote protection, wealth and raise spirituality.
Citronella Burn or use in charm to protect and cleanses the aura. Use in charms and spells to encourages creativity and clear the mind. Also used to repel insects.
Clove Used in spells and charms for protection, love, money, and exorcism.
Clover Use in spells and charms to promote fidelity, money, love, and success. Also used for protection. Used in the consecration of ritual tools. Place around the home to drive away negative spirits.
Cloves Used to cleanses the aura. Use in spells/charms/incense for protection, banishing negative spirits/energy and to stop gossip. Burn as an incense to purify an area. Also used in exorcisms.
Coltsfoot Sacred to Brighid. Use in spells and charms for wealth, prosperity, visions and love.
Comfrey Use in charms for safety and protection while traveling. Use the root of the herb for money spells and incenses.
Copal Used in incense for purification, consecration, contact with other planes, exorcism. Can be used in charms and spells for the same as listed for incense.
Cypress Sacred to Apollo. Hang in the home for protection. Burn cypress wood to lessen the grief of death or to aid in divination. Carry as a charm at funerals to ease the mind and lessen grief.
Daffodil Love, fertility and luck. Keep in the home or altar to keep negative energy away.
Daisy Use in spells and charms for lust, love and luck. This flower is associated with babies and newborns. Use in baby blessings and during Wiccanings. Place in babies room for protection. Wear or carry to draw romance.
Dandelion Leaf Not just a weed. Used in summoning spirits, healing, purification and defeating curses or negativity.
Dandelion Root Used for divination and calling spirits. Use in dream pillows for sleep protection.
Dragon’s Blood Used for protection, increasing potency in magical works and purification. Burn as an incense to increase the potency of spellwork. It is excellent in banishing and exorcism.
Echinacea Used to add power to charms, spells and incenses. Can be used as an offering to spirits.
Epsom Salt Typically it is the salt used in ritual baths and bath salt recipes. Add a small amount to cauldron water to keep smoke down.
Eucalyptus Great for protection and healing. Can also be used to purify any space. Can be used to fill healing poppets or charms
Fennel Seed Use in spells and charms for protection, healing, and purification.
Fern Leaf Dispels negativity and promotes mental clarity. Can be used to cleanse and purify a space. Put in a room where you need a clear mind to think, such as an office.
Foxglove Plant near house or in the garden for home protection. Used in spellwork/ritual to contact the underworld.
Frankincense A resin. Can be used to represent the Divine Masculine. Often combined with myrrh to make a temple incense. Used for protection, cleansing and purification. Burn as an incense for protective work, consecration, and meditation.
Gardenia Promotes peace and healing. Use it’s dried flowers with other healing herbs to bring comfort to one who is ill. Place potted flowers in room to promote a peaceful energy.
Garlic Used to invoke Hecate. Uses include healing, protection, exorcism and purification. Can be used to guard against negative energy, harmful magic, spirits and jealousy of others.
Ginger Adds to the strength and speed of any mixture of which it is a part. Use in charms to promote protection and good health.
Ginseng Used in magic workings of love, beauty, protection, healing and lust.
Goldenseal Used in healing rituals, money spells, and spells to bring success. Use in other spells and charms to increase the power.
Gum Arabic Use for protection, psychic and spiritual enhancement. Use as part of incense mixture burned during meditation. Use to consecrate boxes that hold ritual tools.
Heather Used in spells and charms for protection and luck.
Hibiscus Used in spells and charms to attract love and lust. Used for divination and to promote dreams.
Hickory Used in spells and charms for protection, love, lust and legal matters.
High John Often called the “all purpose” herb. It is used for strength, obtaining success, victory in any situation, gambling, luck, money, health, love and protection. Great for use in ritual work focused on prosperity.
Holly Used as decoration during Yule. Used to promote a stable marriage, love, luck and dreams. Plant outside the home for protection.
Hollyhock Used in spells and charms to increase the flow of money and wealth. Grow near the home to promote success of those who live there.
Honeysuckle Used in spells and charms to draw money, success and wealth of material objects.
Hyacinth Sacred to Apollo and gay men. Named after Hyacinthus; Apollo’s fallen male lover. It symbolizes homosexual love. Used to attack love, luck and good fortune.
Hydrangea Used in spells and rituals for hex-breaking, attracting love, promotion of fidelity and to bind.
Hyssop Used for purifications. Used to consecrate ritual tools and items made of tin. Steep in water to use for the physical cleaning of altar, ritual tools, temple room and ritual bath. Can be made into charms to clear negativity and evil spirits from a home.
Ivy Used in protection, healing, love and fertility. Hang an ivy plant by the front door to protect from negative influence and to discourage unwanted guests.
Jasmine Use in charms or burn the flowers to draw wealth and money. Use in dream pillows for restful sleep or burn as an incense in the bedroom to bring prophetic dreams. Helps to bring inspiration and create new ideas.
Juniper Burn as an incense for protection from harmful magic. Can be used to banish all things detrimental to good health. Attracts positive energy. Can be carried as a charm to promote potency in men and/or attract love.
Laurel Used for protection and love. If worn by a bride it is said to guarantee a long and happy marriage.
Lavender Used for protection, healing, love, sleep, purification, and peace. Great addition to sleep pillows and bath spells.
Lemon Used for cleansing. Squeeze a lemon in water to make a washing mixture to remove negative energy from ritual tools and altar.
Lemon Balm Use in spells and charms for love, healing and success.
Lilac Used for wisdom and good luck.
Lily Used in spells/charms/rituals for fertility, renewal, marriage, happiness, and prosperity.
Lily of the Valley Repels negative energy. Can be used in rituals/spells to stop harassment. Can be used to promote longevity in marriage. *Use with caution - Poisonous*
Lime Used for protection. Used in magic for purification and to promote peace of mind.
Lotus Used in magic for love and protection.
Mandrake Used for protection and exorcising evil. Use in charms and spells to promote prosperity and fertility. *Use with caution - Poisonous*
Maple Used in magic to bring love and good luck. Use in spells and charms to bring money and/or wealth.
Marigold Can be used to aid in prophesy, legal matters, love, dreams and business or legal affairs. Fresh marigolds will cleanse and disperse negative energy in a room they are placed in. A yellow dye has also been extracted from the flower of the plant by boiling.
Marjoram Used for cleansing, purification, and the dispelling of negative energy. Can be used in charms or sleep satchels placed under pillow to bring pleasant dreams.
Marshmallow Root Used for protection and to enhance psychic powers. It can be burned as incense for protection and to enhance and stimulate psychic abilities. Place some on your altar during ritual to draw in positive spirits.
Mint This herb promotes energy, communication and vitality. It draws in positive spirits when placed on your altar. Place in the home for protection. Do not plant directly into ground. It will overtake your garden/yard. Keep in a pot.
Mistletoe Used in fertility spells and charms. Can be used as a protection charm from negative energy or curses. Use as a charm for luck while hunting. *Use with caution - Poisonous*
Monkshood Used in charms to protect from evil. 6nly the flowers are used because the roots give off fumes during the drying process. Good for misdirecting enemies. *Caution – Very Poisonous, do not consume*
Morning Glory Used for binding and/or banishing spells and rituals. Can be used to bring people or objects towards you. Use the vine to wrap around a poppet to bind someone. *Caution – Poisonous, do not consume*
Mugwort Use in charms that are carried to increase lust & fertility. Can be used in healing charms to cure illness. *Caution - Use in well ventilated room*
Mullein Used in charms that protect from nightmares and negative magic. Can be used in the invoking of spirits. Use in dream pillows to prevent nightmares. Use in charms to help attract love from the opposite sex. Can be used in place of graveyard dirt in spells.
Myrrh Feminine herb used to represent the Goddess. Promotes spirituality, meditation, and healing. Will enhance any magical working. Increases the effectiveness of any incense blend it is added to. Often burned with frankincense as a temple incense.
Myrtle Use in charms to attract love and true friendship.
Nettle Stuff in a poppet used to turn back a spell on the one who cast it. Used in dispelling of fear and negativity. Sprinkle around the home to drive away negative energy or negative spirits.
Nutmeg Used in magical workings to attract money/prosperity, luck. Also used in spells and charms for protection and breaking hexes. Can also be used in a good luck charm.
Oregano Used to bring happiness, strength, vitality, and additional energy.
Orris Root (cut) Used to aid in communication and helps to open dialogs with others. Can be used in herbal baths for personal protection.
Orris Root (powder) Referred to as ‘Love Drawing Powder’ in voodoo/hoodoo. Used in spells and charms to bring love, romance and mates. Can be used as an herbal bath to attract love.
Osha Root Used in charms and spells to protect against negative and/or evil spirits
Pansy Can be used in love charms or love magic.
Parsnip Used in male sex magic.
Patchouli Used in spells, sachets, baths and mixtures to bring money or love. Can be used in charms or incense to promote fertility. Burn as an incense at your place of business to promote growth of the business.
Peony Used to protect from hexes. Brings good luck, good fortune, and prosperity. Hang in the home or plant near home for protection. Known as a flower that will attract faeries. The flowers & petals have the positive qualities listed, however, the seed is called a ‘Jumby Bean’ and is used in spells for promoting dissension and strife.
Peppermint Used in spells and incense for healing and purification. Place in a sleep pillow to ensure restful sleep. Burn as an incense when moving into a new home to clear out sickness and negative energy from previous owners.
Pomegranate Sacred to Aphrodite. Use in rituals to aid in fertility.
Poppy Used in charms and spells to promote fertility, prosperity, love and abundance.
Poppy Seeds Used to bring love and luck. A popular ingredient used in food magic. Use in a sleep satchel to bring relief from insomnia.
Primrose Used in spells to promotes the disclosure of secrets and to reveal the truth. Discourages dishonesty and secrecy.
Rose Buds Used in magic that bring divine love, close friendships, domestic peace/happiness, and lasting relationships.
Rose Geranium Turns away negativity that comes in the form of gossip or false accusations.
Rose Hips Used in healing spells/charms and mixtures. Use in charms to bring good luck. Use in ritual to calls in good spirits.
Rosemary Associated with the Faye. Can be used in healing poppets for good health. Used in love/lust spells. Can be used in herbal baths for purification. Burn as an incense to remove negative energy and purification.
Rue Used in magic for healing, health, removal and protection against the evil eye. Use as an aspergillium to dispense salt water for purification of the circle or removing negativity from a place. Burn as an incense or use in poppets to prevent illness or speed recovery. Add to herbal baths to break hexes and curses that have been placed on you.
Saffron Used as an aphrodisiac and for magic involving love, healing, happiness, lust and strength. Often used in love magic, healing spells, and weather control. Can hang sachets of saffron in your home to bring good luck.
Sage Burn for self purification and the purification of an area or ritual space. Bundle dry leaves or loose leaves to banish negativity and negative spirits from an area or home. Used in healing charms and incense. Removes negative energy.
Salt Peter Highly combustible. It is used in charcoal tablets to help ignite them. It is what sparks when they are lit. Used to keep male lovers from straying. Also used for exorcisms and other purification rites.
Sandalwood Used to clear negativity from a home by sprinkling it around the property. Use as an incense during protection, healing, and exorcism spells. The wood can be used to make healing wands. Used to help align the chakras for better energy flow. It is a good incense to burn during meditation.
Sea Salt Most kosher salt is sea salt. Represents earth on the altar. Used for cleansing, purification, grounding, protection magic and ritual. Used with water for asperging, consecration and casting circles.
Skullcap Used in sleep pillows for relaxation and peaceful sleep. Used in rituals as incense to bind oaths and consecrate vows. Used in baths to cleanse yourself of tensions and stress. Burned to diffuse disharmony and disruptive situations. *WARNING* Pregnant women should not use this herb because it can induce a miscarriage.
Snapdragon Flower Used for protection, exorcism, and purification
Solomon’s Seal Root Used for protection, exorcism and cleansing. Used to drive away evil/negative spirits.
Spearmint Used in magic for healing, love and protection while sleeping.
St. John’s Wort Use in charms to prevent colds & fevers. Used to protect against all forms of negative magic used against you. Use in charms to protect against evil spirits. Burn to drive away evil/negative spirits. *Caution – Poisonous, do not consume*
Sulfur (powder) Used to dispel or prevent a curse on you. It destroys an enemy’s power over you.
Thyme Used in spells and charms to attract loyalty, affection, and the good opinion of others. Burn as an incense or use in charms and hang in the home for banishing and purification of the home. Bring into the home to attract good health for all occupants. Use in dream pillows to prevent nightmares and facilitate a night of restful sleep.
Valerian Used in spells and charms for love and protection. It can be used to purify sacred space. Used as a substitution for graveyard dirt in spells. Add to herbal baths for protection.
Venus Flytrap Used for love and protection magic. Having a Venus Flytrap in the home aids in protection of the home.
Vervain Used in spells and charms for protection, purification, money, healing, and restful sleep. Can be used in prosperity spells. Add to herbal baths for cleansing. All purpose protection herb for places and people.
White Sage Use for smudging or for purification.
White Willow Bark Used to guard against negativity and negative spirits. Can be used in healing spells.
Willow It is associated with the element of water. Used in magic for protection, divination, inspiration, healing, fertility, love, grief and death. In fact, anything that has to do with the element of water. Can be made into wands that are used for intuition, dreams, visions and inspired writing or images.
Wormwood Used in magic and charms to remove anger, inhibit violent acts, and for protection from curses. Use as incense for clairvoyance, enhance divinatory abilities or to summon spirits. Can be used in spells to bring them strife and misfortune. *Caution – Poisonous, do not consume*
Xanthan Gum Used as an incense bonding agent.
Yarrow Flower Used in magic and ritual for healing, hand-fasting and divination. Used in spells and charms to draws love. Used to banish negativity and promote peaceful relations especially between married couples.
Yew Used in breaking curses, raising the dead and protection against evil spirits.
Yucca Used in spells and charms for protection and purification. Used to curses, hexes or illness.
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Acorn Can be used in charms or spells for good luck, protection, wisdom, and personal power. Sacred to Druids and can be used at the tip of wands.
Adder’s Tongue This herb can be used in spells and charms to stop gossip and slander or to promote healing. It has also been referred to as Serpent’s Tongue and is often considered sacred to those gods associated with snakes.
Agrimony It is used in protection spells. It can also be used to reverse spells sent against you. It can also be used in “sleep” sachets that you place under your pillow to allow you a restful sleep.
Alder Used for protection spells and divination. Associated with music and weather magic and sacred to Druids. A whistle made from the branch of an Alder tree is associate with the old superstition of whistling up the wind.
Alfalfa Used in spells involving prosperity, money and to ward off hunger.
All Spice This herb promotes determination and energy. It is also used in spells and charms that involve money, luck and healing. Can be used to create a healing herbal bath.
Almond Associated with wisdom, money, fruitfulness, and prosperity. It can be used in spells and charms or burned as incense to attract abundance. Be careful to specify what type of abundance you are seeking.
Aloe Used for protection and luck. It can be hung in the home as a charm to attract luck and protection for those who live there. It can also be grown in pots and placed around the home to provide protection from accidents within the home.
Amber Used for protection from harm and success. Helps to clear the mind and bring prosperity. Burn as an incense to transform the ambient negative energy to positive energy.
Anemone Protection and healing.
Angelica This herb is an excellent one to use for protection against negative energy. It can also be used in healing & exorcism incenses. It can be used in purification and uncrossing spells. It can be used in herbal baths for the purpose of removing curses, hexes, or spells. Sprinkle around the outside of your home for protection of the home.
Anise Use in a sleep pillow to prevent disturbing dreams. A good herb to add to purification baths. Can be used in protection and meditation incenses. It can be used as an incense during the invocation of Mercury or Apollo.
Apple Sometimes considered the food of the gods. Apples play an important role in many mythologies and are tied to fertility gods. It is also considered the food of the dead and is burned at Samhain in honor of those who will be reborn in the spring. It is traditional to leave two apples in the woods when you are finished hunting as an offering to the Horned God. Apple wood is also used in the making of wands to be used when doing rituals dealing with the underworld. It is also considered a sacred tree by the Druids. Apple cider can be substituted for spells/rituals that require blood or wine.
Arnica An excellent herb that is used in salves for the healing of bruises and sprains. It can be applied to where there is pain and/or inflammation of the skin.
Bachelor Buttons Use in Love charms/spells.
Basil It is used for exorcism, protection and love potions. Sprinkled around the house to ward off evil/negative spirits. There is an old saying, “Where Basil grows, no evil goes!” and “Where Basil is, no evil lives.” A gift of Basil given to someone moving into a new home will bring them good luck.
Bay Leaf Sacred to the god Apollo. This herb is used for protection, good fortune, success, purification, strength, healing and divination. It is traditional to write wishes on the leaves and then burn them to make them come true. Can be used in charms that when placed under the pillow will induce prophetic dreams. Place a leaf in the corner of each room in the house to protect all that dwell there. Carry bay leaf or use in a protection charm to protect yourself against magical attack.
Bayberry Brings good fortune, luck, healing, and relief from stress.
Beeswax Used for making candles, natural polish, protective finish for things such as wooden wands, and used in herbal salves to thicken.
Belladonna This herb is deadly poisonous. Handle with care - DO NOT INGEST. Caution should be taken when handling because it can be absorbed through the skin. Its uses include astral projection and protection spells. It can be used in flying ointment to achieve altered states of mind. It is not recommended though because people have died using this herb. Even some who were quite familiar with its use. (get a consult with a crone)
Benzoin A resin used for purifying, for success, meditation, and stress reduction. It can be used alone as an incense or as a binder in making incense. It works well as a fixative in the blending of other resins together. It enhances the scent of other resins when mixed in. A must when making incenses that use resins.
Bergamot Used in spells and charms involving money, prosperity, protection, stopping outside interference, and promoting restful sleep.
Black Pepper Used in spells and charms that banish negativity and protection from evil. Also used in exorcism.
Brimstone Another name for powdered sulfur. Used in spells and charms that dispels or prevents a curse/hex. Can be used to remove an enemy’s power over you.
Buckeye A good herb for divination. It can be used in spells and charms to bring good luck and attracting money and wealth. Used in Hoodoo as a charm for gamblers.
Cactus Used for protection and banishing. It can be mixed with other banishing symbols for protection. Grow in the home or garden for protection of the home. Best to place in all directions of the home (north, south, east, and west) to ensure full protection. It’s needles, instead of whole plant, can be used in spells/charms for protection.
Carnation Can be used in healing and protection.
Cashew Used for money spells and charms.
Catnip An herb sacred to Bast. Effective when used in rituals involving cats or cat deities. It can be used with other herbs in love spells and charms. If grown near the home it will attract positive spirits. It can be used in charms to bring good luck.
Cedar Use in spells and charms to promote strength, money, protection, healing and purification.
Chamomile Use on spells and charms to bring love, healing, and reduction of stress. Sprinkle around the house for protection and to dispel curses. Burn as incense for de-stressing and meditation. Make into a tea and drink for a restful sleep. Used for luck in gambling and to attract wealth.
Cherry Bark/Wood Used in lust spells. Can also be burned as an incense to aid in divination.
Chili Pepper Use in spells and charms to promote fidelity and love. Use to “spice” or “heat up” a relationship. It can also be used in spells to break curses/hexes. Place them around the house to break negative spells placed on you or those in the home.
Chives Used for protection and weight loss. Mix in food with magical intent to promote weight loss or protect those who eat the food.
Chrysanthemum Protection. Grow in the garden for protection of the home. White is the best color of flower for this, but any color will do.
Cinnamon Use in spells and charms to draw money & prosperity. Also used to raise spirituality and promote healing, success, protection and luck. Can be burned and an incense to promote protection, wealth and raise spirituality.
Citronella Burn or use in charm to protect and cleanses the aura. Use in charms and spells to encourages creativity and clear the mind. Also used to repel insects.
Clove Used in spells and charms for protection, love, money, and exorcism.
Clover Use in spells and charms to promote fidelity, money, love, and success. Also used for protection. Used in the consecration of ritual tools. Place around the home to drive away negative spirits.
Cloves Used to cleanses the aura. Use in spells/charms/incense for protection, banishing negative spirits/energy and to stop gossip. Burn as an incense to purify an area. Also used in exorcisms.
Coltsfoot Sacred to Brighid. Use in spells and charms for wealth, prosperity, visions and love.
Comfrey Use in charms for safety and protection while traveling. Use the root of the herb for money spells and incenses.
Copal Used in incense for purification, consecration, contact with other planes, exorcism. Can be used in charms and spells for the same as listed for incense.
Cypress Sacred to Apollo. Hang in the home for protection. Burn cypress wood to lessen the grief of death or to aid in divination. Carry as a charm at funerals to ease the mind and lessen grief.
Daffodil Love, fertility and luck. Keep in the home or altar to keep negative energy away.
Daisy Use in spells and charms for lust, love and luck. This flower is associated with babies and newborns. Use in baby blessings and during Wiccanings. Place in babies room for protection. Wear or carry to draw romance.
Dandelion Leaf Not just a weed. Used in summoning spirits, healing, purification and defeating curses or negativity.
Dandelion Root Used for divination and calling spirits. Use in dream pillows for sleep protection.
Dragon’s Blood Used for protection, increasing potency in magical works and purification. Burn as an incense to increase the potency of spellwork. It is excellent in banishing and exorcism.
Echinacea Used to add power to charms, spells and incenses. Can be used as an offering to spirits.
Epsom Salt Typically it is the salt used in ritual baths and bath salt recipes. Add a small amount to cauldron water to keep smoke down.
Eucalyptus Great for protection and healing. Can also be used to purify any space. Can be used to fill healing poppets or charms
Fennel Seed Use in spells and charms for protection, healing, and purification.
Fern Leaf Dispels negativity and promotes mental clarity. Can be used to cleanse and purify a space. Put in a room where you need a clear mind to think, such as an office.
Foxglove Plant near house or in the garden for home protection. Used in spellwork/ritual to contact the underworld.
Frankincense A resin. Can be used to represent the Divine Masculine. Often combined with myrrh to make a temple incense. Used for protection, cleansing and purification. Burn as an incense for protective work, consecration, and meditation.
Gardenia Promotes peace and healing. Use it’s dried flowers with other healing herbs to bring comfort to one who is ill. Place potted flowers in room to promote a peaceful energy.
Garlic Used to invoke Hecate. Uses include healing, protection, exorcism and purification. Can be used to guard against negative energy, harmful magic, spirits and jealousy of others.
Ginger Adds to the strength and speed of any mixture of which it is a part. Use in charms to promote protection and good health.
Ginseng Used in magic workings of love, beauty, protection, healing and lust.
Goldenseal Used in healing rituals, money spells, and spells to bring success. Use in other spells and charms to increase the power.
Gum Arabic Use for protection, psychic and spiritual enhancement. Use as part of incense mixture burned during meditation. Use to consecrate boxes that hold ritual tools.
Heather Used in spells and charms for protection and luck.
Hibiscus Used in spells and charms to attract love and lust. Used for divination and to promote dreams.
Hickory Used in spells and charms for protection, love, lust and legal matters.
High John Often called the “all purpose” herb. It is used for strength, obtaining success, victory in any situation, gambling, luck, money, health, love and protection. Great for use in ritual work focused on prosperity.
Holly Used as decoration during Yule. Used to promote a stable marriage, love, luck and dreams. Plant outside the home for protection.
Hollyhock Used in spells and charms to increase the flow of money and wealth. Grow near the home to promote success of those who live there.
Honeysuckle Used in spells and charms to draw money, success and wealth of material objects.
Hyacinth Sacred to Apollo and gay men. Named after Hyacinthus; Apollo’s fallen male lover. It symbolizes homosexual love. Used to attack love, luck and good fortune.
Hydrangea Used in spells and rituals for hex-breaking, attracting love, promotion of fidelity and to bind.
Hyssop Used for purifications. Used to consecrate ritual tools and items made of tin. Steep in water to use for the physical cleaning of altar, ritual tools, temple room and ritual bath. Can be made into charms to clear negativity and evil spirits from a home.
Ivy Used in protection, healing, love and fertility. Hang an ivy plant by the front door to protect from negative influence and to discourage unwanted guests.
Jasmine Use in charms or burn the flowers to draw wealth and money. Use in dream pillows for restful sleep or burn as an incense in the bedroom to bring prophetic dreams. Helps to bring inspiration and create new ideas.
Juniper Burn as an incense for protection from harmful magic. Can be used to banish all things detrimental to good health. Attracts positive energy. Can be carried as a charm to promote potency in men and/or attract love.
Laurel Used for protection and love. If worn by a bride it is said to guarantee a long and happy marriage.
Lavender Used for protection, healing, love, sleep, purification, and peace. Great addition to sleep pillows and bath spells.
Lemon Used for cleansing. Squeeze a lemon in water to make a washing mixture to remove negative energy from ritual tools and altar.
Lemon Balm Use in spells and charms for love, healing and success.
Lilac Used for wisdom and good luck.
Lily Used in spells/charms/rituals for fertility, renewal, marriage, happiness, and prosperity.
Lily of the Valley Repels negative energy. Can be used in rituals/spells to stop harassment. Can be used to promote longevity in marriage. *Use with caution - Poisonous*
Lime Used for protection. Used in magic for purification and to promote peace of mind.
Lotus Used in magic for love and protection.
Mandrake Used for protection and exorcising evil. Use in charms and spells to promote prosperity and fertility. *Use with caution - Poisonous*
Maple Used in magic to bring love and good luck. Use in spells and charms to bring money and/or wealth.
Marigold Can be used to aid in prophesy, legal matters, love, dreams and business or legal affairs. Fresh marigolds will cleanse and disperse negative energy in a room they are placed in. A yellow dye has also been extracted from the flower of the plant by boiling.
Marjoram Used for cleansing, purification, and the dispelling of negative energy. Can be used in charms or sleep satchels placed under pillow to bring pleasant dreams.
Marshmallow Root Used for protection and to enhance psychic powers. It can be burned as incense for protection and to enhance and stimulate psychic abilities. Place some on your altar during ritual to draw in positive spirits.
Mint This herb promotes energy, communication and vitality. It draws in positive spirits when placed on your altar. Place in the home for protection. Do not plant directly into ground. It will overtake your garden/yard. Keep in a pot.
Mistletoe Used in fertility spells and charms. Can be used as a protection charm from negative energy or curses. Use as a charm for luck while hunting. *Use with caution - Poisonous*
Monkshood Used in charms to protect from evil. 6nly the flowers are used because the roots give off fumes during the drying process. Good for misdirecting enemies. *Caution – Very Poisonous, do not consume*
Morning Glory Used for binding and/or banishing spells and rituals. Can be used to bring people or objects towards you. Use the vine to wrap around a poppet to bind someone. *Caution – Poisonous, do not consume*
Mugwort Use in charms that are carried to increase lust & fertility. Can be used in healing charms to cure illness. *Caution - Use in well ventilated room*
Mullein Used in charms that protect from nightmares and negative magic. Can be used in the invoking of spirits. Use in dream pillows to prevent nightmares. Use in charms to help attract love from the opposite sex. Can be used in place of graveyard dirt in spells.
Myrrh Feminine herb used to represent the Goddess. Promotes spirituality, meditation, and healing. Will enhance any magical working. Increases the effectiveness of any incense blend it is added to. Often burned with frankincense as a temple incense.
Myrtle Use in charms to attract love and true friendship.
Nettle Stuff in a poppet used to turn back a spell on the one who cast it. Used in dispelling of fear and negativity. Sprinkle around the home to drive away negative energy or negative spirits.
Nutmeg Used in magical workings to attract money/prosperity, luck. Also used in spells and charms for protection and breaking hexes. Can also be used in a good luck charm.
Oregano Used to bring happiness, strength, vitality, and additional energy.
Orris Root (cut) Used to aid in communication and helps to open dialogs with others. Can be used in herbal baths for personal protection.
Orris Root (powder) Referred to as ‘Love Drawing Powder’ in voodoo/hoodoo. Used in spells and charms to bring love, romance and mates. Can be used as an herbal bath to attract love.
Osha Root Used in charms and spells to protect against negative and/or evil spirits
Pansy Can be used in love charms or love magic.
Parsnip Used in male sex magic.
Patchouli Used in spells, sachets, baths and mixtures to bring money or love. Can be used in charms or incense to promote fertility. Burn as an incense at your place of business to promote growth of the business.
Peony Used to protect from hexes. Brings good luck, good fortune, and prosperity. Hang in the home or plant near home for protection. Known as a flower that will attract faeries. The flowers & petals have the positive qualities listed, however, the seed is called a ‘Jumby Bean’ and is used in spells for promoting dissension and strife.
Peppermint Used in spells and incense for healing and purification. Place in a sleep pillow to ensure restful sleep. Burn as an incense when moving into a new home to clear out sickness and negative energy from previous owners.
Pomegranate Sacred to Aphrodite. Use in rituals to aid in fertility.
Poppy Used in charms and spells to promote fertility, prosperity, love and abundance.
Poppy Seeds Used to bring love and luck. A popular ingredient used in food magic. Use in a sleep satchel to bring relief from insomnia.
Primrose Used in spells to promotes the disclosure of secrets and to reveal the truth. Discourages dishonesty and secrecy.
Rose Buds Used in magic that bring divine love, close friendships, domestic peace/happiness, and lasting relationships.
Rose Geranium Turns away negativity that comes in the form of gossip or false accusations.
Rose Hips Used in healing spells/charms and mixtures. Use in charms to bring good luck. Use in ritual to calls in good spirits.
Rosemary Associated with the Faye. Can be used in healing poppets for good health. Used in love/lust spells. Can be used in herbal baths for purification. Burn as an incense to remove negative energy and purification.
Rue Used in magic for healing, health, removal and protection against the evil eye. Use as an aspergillium to dispense salt water for purification of the circle or removing negativity from a place. Burn as an incense or use in poppets to prevent illness or speed recovery. Add to herbal baths to break hexes and curses that have been placed on you.
Saffron Used as an aphrodisiac and for magic involving love, healing, happiness, lust and strength. Often used in love magic, healing spells, and weather control. Can hang sachets of saffron in your home to bring good luck.
Sage Burn for self purification and the purification of an area or ritual space. Bundle dry leaves or loose leaves to banish negativity and negative spirits from an area or home. Used in healing charms and incense. Removes negative energy.
Salt Peter Highly combustible. It is used in charcoal tablets to help ignite them. It is what sparks when they are lit. Used to keep male lovers from straying. Also used for exorcisms and other purification rites.
Sandalwood Used to clear negativity from a home by sprinkling it around the property. Use as an incense during protection, healing, and exorcism spells. The wood can be used to make healing wands. Used to help align the chakras for better energy flow. It is a good incense to burn during meditation.
Sea Salt Most kosher salt is sea salt. Represents earth on the altar. Used for cleansing, purification, grounding, protection magic and ritual. Used with water for asperging, consecration and casting circles.
Skullcap Used in sleep pillows for relaxation and peaceful sleep. Used in rituals as incense to bind oaths and consecrate vows. Used in baths to cleanse yourself of tensions and stress. Burned to diffuse disharmony and disruptive situations. *WARNING* Pregnant women should not use this herb because it can induce a miscarriage.
Snapdragon Flower Used for protection, exorcism, and purification
Solomon’s Seal Root Used for protection, exorcism and cleansing. Used to drive away evil/negative spirits.
Spearmint Used in magic for healing, love and protection while sleeping.
St. John’s Wort Use in charms to prevent colds & fevers. Used to protect against all forms of negative magic used against you. Use in charms to protect against evil spirits. Burn to drive away evil/negative spirits. *Caution – Poisonous, do not consume*
Sulfur (powder) Used to dispel or prevent a curse on you. It destroys an enemy’s power over you.
Thyme Used in spells and charms to attract loyalty, affection, and the good opinion of others. Burn as an incense or use in charms and hang in the home for banishing and purification of the home. Bring into the home to attract good health for all occupants. Use in dream pillows to prevent nightmares and facilitate a night of restful sleep.
Valerian Used in spells and charms for love and protection. It can be used to purify sacred space. Used as a substitution for graveyard dirt in spells. Add to herbal baths for protection.
Venus Flytrap Used for love and protection magic. Having a Venus Flytrap in the home aids in protection of the home.
Vervain Used in spells and charms for protection, purification, money, healing, and restful sleep. Can be used in prosperity spells. Add to herbal baths for cleansing. All purpose protection herb for places and people.
White Sage Use for smudging or for purification.
White Willow Bark Used to guard against negativity and negative spirits. Can be used in healing spells.
Willow It is associated with the element of water. Used in magic for protection, divination, inspiration, healing, fertility, love, grief and death. In fact, anything that has to do with the element of water. Can be made into wands that are used for intuition, dreams, visions and inspired writing or images.
Wormwood Used in magic and charms to remove anger, inhibit violent acts, and for protection from curses. Use as incense for clairvoyance, enhance divinatory abilities or to summon spirits. Can be used in spells to bring them strife and misfortune. *Caution – Poisonous, do not consume*
Xanthan Gum Used as an incense bonding agent.
Yarrow Flower Used in magic and ritual for healing, hand-fasting and divination. Used in spells and charms to draws love. Used to banish negativity and promote peaceful relations especially between married couples.
Yew Used in breaking curses, raising the dead and protection against evil spirits.
Yucca Used in spells and charms for protection and purification. Used to curses, hexes or illness.
2021.05.21 13:33 arifinjahannoni121 COFFEE-THE HEALTH EFFECTS AND BENEFITS OF DRINKING COFFEE
 | OVERVIEW submitted by arifinjahannoni121 to u/arifinjahannoni121 [link] [comments] Coffee is one among the foremost consumed beverages within the world. in additional than 70 countries people cultivate coffee, there are two main countries producing coffee within the world. they're Brazil and Colombia. The climate of Canada doesn't allow the cultivation of coffee. But there's tons of processing of imported beans. we all know that Canadians drink over 15 billion cups of coffee per annum . the typical coffee consumer drinks three cups each day . Contrary to popular belief, coffee contains vitamins and minerals also as antioxidant compounds. https://preview.redd.it/tao9lcc2jg071.png?width=1280&format=png&auto=webp&s=607c6274949bd5dd1b042222a6fe8980ebe493a9 Contents hide Overview Effects of coffee on health Liver disease Sports performance. The fiber in coffee? What about the nutritional value of those coffees? Coffee and caffeine: groups in danger Coffee over time When did coffee start as a drink? Decaffeinated coffee Flavored coffees. ACTIVE INGREDIENTS AND PROPERTIES BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS Coffee contains quite a dozen bioactive compounds. Most of them are formed during the method of roasting (roasting) the bean. we will find three of them therein great concentration. and that they are important from a physiological point of view. These are caffeine, diterpene alcohols, and phenolic compounds known for his or her antioxidant effects. CAFFEINE. This compound is far and away the simplest characterized thus far in coffee. within the us , they estimate that 75% of the caffeine consumed comes from coffee. Canadian researchers have estimated this quantity at 60%. the remainder comes from tea, chocolate, energy drinks, etc. The caffeine content in coffee varies counting on the sort of beans, the roasting method, and therefore the method of brewing it (for more details, see our Caffeine sheet). we all know caffeine primarily for its stimulant effects. In healthy adults, alittle amount can increase alertness and concentration. On other hand, however, it can cause unwanted biological effects like insomnia, headaches, irritability, and nervousness. According to Health Canada, in adults, caffeine consumed carefully (three cups of it per day). It doesn't cause adverse effects, particularly about behavior (anxiety, attention span), cardiovascular health, or cancer. DITERPENE ALCOHOLS. The coffee berry contains a natural and a big amount of diterpene alcohols, the cafestol and kahweol. These compounds, present within the oils of its beans, are released on contact with predicament . They increase cholesterol levels. Depending on the tactic of preparation, it'll contain more or fewer diterpenes. for instance , boiled coffee contains 1.2 mg to 18 mg of cafestol and kahweol per 100 ml while espresso coffee contains 0.2 mg to 4.5 mg. Filter it, on the opposite hand, contains hardly any (from 0 mg to 0.1 mg). ANTIOXIDANTS. This drink contains several antioxidant compounds. Given the frequency of its consumption, it can make a crucial contribution to the antioxidant capacity of the diet. during this regard, a Norwegian study shows that it's the food item within the diet. It contributes the foremost to total antioxidant intake during this population. A study has shown it. The antioxidant capacity of plasma increases significantly following the ingestion of one cup of filter coffee (200 ml). this means that it might probably exert its preventive effect on certain diseases because of its antioxidant power. Among the antioxidant compounds in coffee are phenolic compounds, including some volatile substances produced during roasting. People attribute these volatile substances to the characteristic its smell. PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS. Coffee contains high amounts of phenolic acids, including caffeic and chlorogenic acids. A 7 oz (approx. 200 ml) cup of coffee provides 70 mg to 350 mg of phenolic acid. For comparison, blueberries, cherries, plums, apples, and kiwi are the fruits richest in phenolic acids of an equivalent family it. They contain 10 mg to 230 mg per serving of 100 g to 200 g. Several researchers believe that caffeic and chlorogenic acids are largely liable for the antioxidant its effect. Coffee contains appreciable amounts of lignans, phenolic compounds that are quite common in plants. Lignans are converted into enterolignans by intestinal bacteria then enter the bloodstream. Lignans act as antioxidants. and that they believe to be associated, in humans, with a reduced risk of disorder and certain cancers. EFFECTS OF COFFEE ON HEALTH DISCOVER OUR COFFEE RECIPE WITH OATS AND ALMOND MILK. We know most of the info on the link between coffee consumption and reduction in chronic disease coming from epidemiological studies. According to some researchers, they ought to interpret these results with caution, as they'll involve methodological biases. for instance , the thanks to calculate the quantity of coffee and caffeine consumed daily. So it can vary greatly from one study to a different . it's various within the size of a cup, the duration of brewing, the sort of beans used, etc. Besides, certain “confounding” factors like alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking, often related to heavy coffee consumption. we will not always evaluate them well. It should be borne in mind that it's just one of the danger modulators of certain diseases. Despite certain benefits related to its consumption. So it remains prudent, during a public health context, to recommend moderation. HOW MUCH doesn't COFFEE EFFECT ON HEALTH? This means, in additional concrete terms, consuming three cups of coffee per day or 400 mg to 450 mg of caffeine daily. consistent with Health Canada, this quantity doesn't represent a danger to human health. The majority of the epidemiological studies published so far indicate that it, consumed in large quantities, would scale back the danger of affected by type 2 diabetes. A meta-analysis identified data from nine prospective studies grouping together on the brink of 200,000 participants. It shows that consumption of six cups of coffee each day and reduced by 35% the danger of type 2 diabetes, compared to but two cups each day . Consuming four to 6 cups reduces the danger by 28%. TYPE 2 DIABETES Besides, a recent review of the literature including a meta-analysis showed. They inform us of the danger of type 2 reducing to a maximum of protection at 6 cups of coffee per day. It is impossible , from the info from this sort of study, to suggest a mechanism of action, nor to determine a cause and effect link. However, it's been speculated that the chlorogenic acid present in coffee could interfere with the action of an enzyme whose function is to release glucose into the blood. Chlorogenic acid can also decrease the absorption of glucose from the intestine by blocking its transport to the membrane of the intestine. As for caffeine, it might not be liable for the beneficial effect since decaf also lowers the danger of type 2 diabetes. They rather divided the clinical studies on the effect produced by its consumption on some indicators of diabetes. this is often what the authors of a review published during a 2006 report. Thus, some data show that it improves the sensitivity of cells to insulin and glucose metabolism following a meal or a sugary drink. Rather, other data indicate that coffee consumption doesn't affect fasting glucose or insulin levels and even on markers of insulin sensitivity. We know most of those studies done over a brief period (i.e. one day). Only controlled and randomized clinical studies, administered over longer periods, will establish the link between coffee consumption and sort 2 diabetes. CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE The effect of coffee consumption on the danger of disorder has been the topic of an outsized number of studies over the past 40 years, but the topic remains controversial. it's still difficult to determine clearly whether coffee is harmful or beneficial for heart health. Coffee contains a mess of chemical compounds whose effects are often the other . Studies seem to point out that the presence or absence of a protective effect could depend upon the quantity consumed. Besides, the tactic of preparing the coffee (filtered or boiled) would influence the cardiovascular risk 1. The results of a meta-analysis of 14 studies show that boiled coffee, compared to filtered coffee, increases total cholesterol and LDL (“bad” cholesterol) levels. This increase is more significant in people with already high cholesterol. The boiled coffee contains high amounts of cafestol and kahweol. They think these two compounds to be liable for the rise in cholesterol within the blood. The use of paper during the preparation of coffee makes it possible to significantly reduce its concentrations since the filter captures the bulk of cafestol and kahweol. HOW CAN COFFEE WITH ANTIOXIDANTS REDUCE CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE? Coffee contains antioxidants and other substances. We believe them to assist reduce the danger of disorder in people that consume moderate filter coffee. a minimum of that's what the authors of a review published in 2007 report 21. A recent meta-analysis administered in 2014 once more demonstrated moderate coffee consumption (3 to five cups per day). We inversely related to cardiovascular risk 58. it's mainly the polyphenols in coffee that have a beneficial effect on cardiovascular health 1. Caffeine, meanwhile, wouldn't bring any benefit during this regard. it might even have deleterious effects, consistent with some researchers. CAFFEINE IN INCREASING CARDIOVASCULAR RISK. A recent study has demonstrated the main role of caffeine in increasing cardiovascular risk. Caffeine is additionally related to a rise in vital sign , a cardiovascular risk factor. However, the consumption of coffee (which doesn't contain only caffeine) wouldn't have a negative impact, probably due to the protective effect of its other compounds 23, 24. In conclusion, it seems increasingly clear that enormous consumption of unfiltered coffee (more than six cups a day) is bad for the guts . However, moderate consumption of coffee, mainly filter coffee, could lead on to some benefits. This would flow from , among other things, to the presence of antioxidant compounds like polyphenols. These would counteract the harmful effects of caffeine and compounds present in coffee oil (cafestol and kahweol) 1. CANCER According to epidemiological data, they linked coffee consumption to a discount within the risk of certain sorts of cancer, including carcinoma , colorectal cancer, and gastric cancer. Data on carcinoma show that, in premenopausal women, drinking four or more cups of coffee per day decreases the danger of developing this sort of cancer by 40% 25. during this study, however, they are doing not demonstrate an equivalent association in postmenopausal women or women consuming but four cups of coffee per day. A genetic study published in 2006 shows that ladies with one among the 2 genetic mutations that predispose to carcinoma and who consume six or more cups of coffee per day have significantly less risk of developing carcinoma than those that don't consume coffee. EFFECT ON carcinoma On the opposite hand, a recent meta-analysis examining the connection between coffee consumption and therefore the risk of carcinoma showed no link except in women with non-hormone-dependent carcinoma where coffee consumption decreased the danger of carcinoma . Regarding the connection between coffee and therefore the risk of colorectal cancer, the authors of a meta-analysis 27 mention that the info seem to point that drinking coffee decreases this risk. They warn, however, that the shortage of consensus between the varied epidemiological studies doesn't allow such a link to be established with certainty. Finally, a recent meta-analysis published in 2013 showed that coffee consumption was inversely associated with the danger of endometrial carcinoma 60. LIVER DISEASE Several studies show that coffee consumption is related to a reduced risk of liver damage, particularly cirrhosis and alcoholic hepatic cirrhosis. consistent with some authors, this effect is due to caffeine. Others associate the protective effect of coffee with its content in phenolic acids, antioxidant compounds that are thought to act together with caffeine. A large prospective study, administered on a cohort of quite 125,000 subjects, shows that the danger of affected by alcoholic hepatic cirrhosis is inversely linked to coffee consumption. Heavy coffee drinkers (four cups and more per day) would be more protected than light drinkers (three cups and fewer per day). In this study, coffee consumption was also linked to a lower prevalence of elevated liver enzymes (markers of liver damage) within the blood. during a previous study, an equivalent authors had shown a reduced risk of mortality from hepatic cirrhosis in coffee drinkers. the danger was reduced by 22% per cup of coffee consumed per day. Data from a US national survey, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, has linked high coffee consumption (more than two cups per day) to a lower risk of chronic disease in those in danger . LIVER PROBLEMS. Finally, the results of a meta-analysis of nine studies published between 2002 and 2007 show that coffee consumption (an increase of two cups per day) is related to a 43% reduction within the risk of cancer of the liver . It is important to say that these are epidemiological studies which no mechanism of action might be discovered in these studies, which limits the interpretation of the results. Besides, albeit the coffee was protective on the liver, the simplest approach to scale back the danger of alcohol-type liver cirrhosis is to scale back alcohol consumption. GALLSTONES Coffee acts on several processes involved within the formation of lithiasis or gallstones (commonly called “stones”). Epidemiological data show that coffee and caffeine have protective effects against the formation of gallstones, but these results aren't unanimous within the scientific community. While some authors reported that prime consumption of coffee reduces the danger of gallstones, others rather observe an increased risk with high consumption. A prospective study administered on a cohort of nearly 81,000 women followed for 20 years demonstrated that the consumption of 4 or more cups of coffee per day is related to a 25% reduction within the risk of cholecystectomy (removal of the gallbladder). biliary). In this study, a decreased risk of cholecystectomy was also observed with the consumption of caffeine, but not with the consumption of decaf . CAFFEINE RISK A prospective study administered in additional than 46,000 men shows a big decrease within the risk of gallstones in those that consume four or more cups of coffee per day. This protective role of coffee, however, has not been observed altogether studies. Thus, research administered in Japanese men shows approximately twice the prevalence of gallbladder disorders in heavy users of coffee (more than five cups per day) or caffeine (more than 300 mg per day), compared to those that consume but 100 mg per day 38. Data from a study within the us from 1988 to 1994 in nearly 14,000 subjects show that the prevalence of gallbladder disorders isn't related to coffee consumption, the maximum amount in humans than women 39. Several factors, both genetic and environmental, are often related to the formation of gallstones. The role of coffee or caffeine should be further analyzed to raised assess its importance within the incidence of this ill health . PARKINSON’S DISEASE Most large epidemiological studies show that coffee consumption is related to a reduced risk of Parkinson’s disease, particularly in humans 13. The results of a serious meta-analysis point within the same direction. Recently, researchers analyzed data from approximately 6,700 subjects who participated during a prospective study and whose follow-up spanned 22 years. They found that consuming ten or more cups of coffee per day reduced the danger of Parkinson’s disease by 74%. The decrease was 38% among people that consumed four to nine cups of coffee per day, compared to those that didn't . This association was even stronger in obese people. A recent review of the literature administered in 2013 showed that coffee consumption reduced the danger of Parkinson’s disease. This effect was greatest at 3 cups per day. It appears that both genetic and environmental factors are related to the onset of Parkinson’s disease. Oxidative stress might be one among the mechanisms involved within the evolution of the disease. Coffee, because of its antioxidant content, would offer some protection. GOUT Consumption of normal coffee and decaf is assumed to be related to a decrease within the incidence of gout. Gout is that the commonest sort of inflammatory arthritis in adult men. It is characterized by increased concentrations of acid within the blood and manifests itself in acute inflammatory attacks, often within the great toe . A recent prospective study, conducted over 12 years in additional than 45,000 North American men, shows that increasing coffee consumption reduces the danger of gout. Thus, people that consume four to 5 cups of coffee per day and people who consume quite six cups respectively reduce their risk of affected by gout by 40% and 59%, compared to those that don't . A decreased risk was also observed with decaf , but not with caffeine. this means that a substance aside from caffeine (perhaps one or more antioxidant compounds) may play a task within the observed effect. A second prospective study, administered using data from 14,000 participants representative of the adult American population, shows that the consumption of coffee and decaf , but not caffeine, is related to a big decrease in acid concentration. within the blood. These results are very interesting, but it should be kept in mind that these are epidemiological studies which several important variables, known to influence the onset of gout, couldn't be controlled. Only randomized and well-controlled clinical studies are going to be ready to determine whether coffee reduces the danger of gout. To Read Also :Best coffee maker with grinder SPORTS PERFORMANCE. We have shown caffeine to possess beneficial effects on athletic performance, especially by increasing lipolysis and preserving glycogen reserves during exercise. So we expect caffeine having possible effects on adrenaline, contraction , and therefore the central systema nervosum by reducing the sensation of fatigue and increasing endurance. Caffeine would be effective during short efforts of very high intensity or endurance. it's the impact that's felt within an hour of ingestion. It is vital to see your tolerance before consuming it because everyone can react differently. Indeed, some side effects like irritability, tremors, gastrointestinal discomfort can occur in people that don't have an honest tolerance to caffeine. An average intake of three mg of caffeine per kg of weight would be the optimal dose to realize the specified effects. OTHER PROPERTIES Is coffee an antioxidant? Data not available Does coffee have a high glycemic load? There is no glycemic load for coffee. Brewed coffee doesn't contain carbohydrates. MOST IMPORTANT NUTRIENTS Magnesium. Espresso coffee is a superb source of magnesium for ladies and an honest source for men (men have more magnesium requirements than women). We know Magnesium involved in bone development, protein building, enzymatic actions, contraction , dental health, and therefore the functioning of the system . It also plays a task in energy metabolism and therefore the transmission of nerve impulses. VITAMIN B3. Espresso coffee is a superb source of vitamin B3. We also called niacin, vitamin B3 involving in many metabolic reactions and particularly contributes to the assembly of energy from the carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and alcohol that we ingest. It also helps within the process of DNA formation, allowing normal growth and development VITAMIN B2. Brewed coffee and espresso coffee are good sources of vitamin B2 for ladies , and sources for men (men have more vitamin B2 requirements than women). we all know vitamin B2 as riboflavin. Like vitamin B1 , it plays a task within the energy metabolism of all cells. Besides, it contributes to the expansion and repair of tissues, the assembly of hormones, and therefore the formation of red blood cells. SOURCE COPPER. Espresso coffee may be a source of copper. As a component of several enzymes, copper is important for the formation of hemoglobin and collagen (a protein used for the structure and repair of tissues). Several copper-containing enzymes also help within the body’s defense against free radicals. SOURCE pantothen . Brewed coffee may be a source of pantothen . Also referred to as vitamin B5, pantothen is a component of a key coenzyme that permits the body to adequately utilize energy from the foods we eat. it's also involved in several stages of the manufacture of steroid hormones, neurotransmitters, and hemoglobin. What is a “serving” of coffee worth? Volume / weight Brewed coffee, 250 ml / 250 g Espresso coffee, restaurant preparation, 100 ml / 101 g Regular soluble coffee 250 ml / 253 g Calories 3.0 2.0 5.0 Protein 0.3 g 0.1 g 0.3 g Carbohydrates 0.0 g 0.9 g Lipids Source: Health Canada. Canadian Nutrient File 2007. THE FIBER IN COFFEE? Coffee beans are rich in dietary fiber. a particular amount would find yourself within the brewed coffee. At least, that’s what a gaggle of Spanish researchers reports which evaluated the soluble fiber content of various coffees. Most Nutrition Facts tables indicate that coffee is fiber-free. Rather, the info from this study shows them. The espresso, filter coffee, and soluble coffee contain 0.65 g, 0.47 g, and 0.75 g of soluble fiber per 100 ml, respectively. It should be noted that the assay method utilized in the study (enzymatic method followed by dialysis). it's not the common method wont to assay fiber in food. According to this study, coffee is, therefore, one among the few drinks to contain dietary fiber. it's consumed frequently and in relatively large quantities (two to 3 cups per day), coffee. they might thus contribute to the daily intake of fiber. Coffee contains soluble fiber 56. Its content varying between 1.5 to 2.3 g per cup (250 ml). Soluble fiber can contribute to the prevention of disorder by notably reducing the absorption of bile acids. they will also help control type 2 diabetes, among other things by slowing down the digestion of glucose from food. COFFEES FOR ALL TASTES In North America, the foremost consumed sort of coffee remains regular or “traditional” brewed it. However, consumption habits are changing rapidly, and more and more amateurs are discovering new sorts of so-called “specialized” coffee. Here are a couple of examples. ESPRESSO. Coffee prepared employing a very high-pressure percolation process from a really roasted fine grind. A characteristic of the successful espresso is that the formation of an opaque, hazelnut-colored cream. So it adheres to the walls of the cup. CAPPUCCINO. Then we compose it of a 3rd of espresso, a 3rd of heated milk, and a 3rd of milk foam. Thus it's sometimes sprinkled with cocoa or cinnamon. COFFEE WITH MILK. So we add it an equal portion of hot milk and a touch frothed milk. it's usually served during a large mug or bowl. it's made up of long or double espresso, sometimes with strong filter coffee. LATTE COFFEE. Café Latte is that the Italian variation of café au lait. it's made an equivalent way as a latte, but using ¼ espresso and ¾ hot milk. the essential building block of latte is usually an espresso. ESPRESSO MACCHIATO. It’s an espresso with a touch of milk froth on top. LATTÉ MACCHIATO. Coffee prepared by pouring hot milk followed by frothed milk into a tall, narrow and transparent glass. The espresso is then poured gently in order that it sits between the milk and therefore the foam. The ingredients must not mix. This we will serve it sprinkled with cocoa, cinnamon, or other spices. MOCHA COFFEE. Drink prepared from a mix of espresso, chocolate or chocolate sauce , and foamy hot milk. To serve, garnish with topping and chocolate flakes. WHAT ABOUT THE NUTRITIONAL VALUE of those COFFEES? Regular filter coffee, with no added sugar, milk, or cream, provides just three calories per cup and 0 carbs. this is often not the case with certain specialty coffees, whose calorie and sugar content varies consistent with the ingredients. They compose them. Thus, a mocha coffee will contain up to 140 calories and 20 g of carbohydrates per cup. Because it prepared with chocolate sauce . One cup of latte and one cup of latte, made with 2% milk, will contain 67 and 97 calories respectively, also as 7 g and 9 g of carbohydrates (sugars from milk). These sorts of coffees provide a minimum of half a serving of dairy products. PRECAUTIONS Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Symptomatic hiatal hernia These esophageal disorders are characterized by burning sensations within the chest (retrosternal burns). And acid regurgitation caused by the acid content of the stomach rising into the mouth. These symptoms usually appear after a meal. Certain foods can play a task in improving the sensation of well-being. and that they also improve the standard of lifetime of people with these problems. Among other things, these people are advised to avoid the consumption of foods rich in methylxanthines. they're coffee, chocolate, tea, and cola. These foods decrease the resting tension of the lower esophageal sphincter. Thus they contribute to the reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus. Besides, to stop irritation of the esophageal lining, it's recommended to avoid consuming regular coffee. And it decaffeinated it which may cause epigastric burns. PEPTIC ULCER A peptic ulceration is an open lesion of the liner of the stomach. This lesion is usually amid inflammation and destruction of this mucosa . People with peptic ulceration disease should drink coffee carefully since it contains methylxanthines. These can cause severe pain, especially when coffee is consumed on an empty stomach or simply before bedtime. Finally, it seems reasonable to recommend consuming carefully foods that, at the very least experimentally, increase gastric acidity. This is the case for foods that contain methylxanthines (coffee, tea, chocolate, cocoa, cola) and decaffeinated drinks. IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME Caffeine can exacerbate the symptoms of individuals with irritable bowel syndrome. it's prudent to see the consequences and limit consumption, if necessary. IRON ABSORPTION The chlorogenic acid, the main phenolic compound coffee, may be a potent inhibitor of the intestinal absorption of non-heme iron. that's to mention , the iron present within the plant products. The results of an intervention study have administered in healthy men. in order that they show the amount of phenolic compounds in one cup of soluble (instant) coffee. It decreases iron absorption by 60% to 90%. According to a synthesis of studies identifying different research in humans, the consumption of 150 ml to 250 ml of coffee. they need taken during a meal would decrease iron absorption by 24% to 73%. A widely cited study, the Framingham Heart Study, shows them. So within the elderly, every cup of coffee consumed per week. it had been related to a tenth decrease in iron stores within the blood. COFFEE AND CAFFEINE: GROUPS in danger Coffee and tea are the most sources of caffeine in adults. there's some evidence that children, women of childbearing age, pregnant and breastfeeding women could also be more susceptible to the consequences of caffeine. This, consumed in large quantities, might have undesirable effects, among other things on certain factors of reproduction and development. CAFFEINE ON ABORTION Caffeine consumption of quite 300 mg per day has been related to decreased fertility during a few studies. Also, there could also be a link between high caffeine consumption and therefore the risk of miscarriage . However, there's no consensus on this subject within the scientific literature. The data from epidemiological studies are conflicting, but everything suggests that moderate caffeine consumption is usually not harmful. ON CHILD BEARING WOMEN However, as a precautionary measure, Health Canada recommends it. Women of childbearing age and pregnant women limit their caffeine intake to a maximum of 300 mg per day. Or the equivalent of roughly two 8 oz (250 ml) cups. ) regular coffee. This recommendation also applies to breastfeeding women. So caffeine can pass into breast milk, which may cause irritability within the baby and disrupt sleep. RECOMMENDATION ON CHILDREN As for youngsters , Health Canada recommends to not exceed 45 mg of caffeine per day for ages 4 to six , 62.5 mg per day for ages 7 to 9, and 85 mg per day for ages 10 to 12 years. These recommendations were formulated in response to concerns about the possible effects of caffeine on the event of the systema nervosum . It is supported the results of clinical studies controlled. So it seems that caffeine consumption of but 3 mg/kg of weight doesn't harm the child’s behavior (hyperactivity, attention deficit). In Canada, an intake of two .5 mg/kg weight was used as a benchmark for calculating the utmost recommended intake. To read also- Coffee and Health COFFEE OVER TIME Café ” first appeared within the French language in 1610. It derives from the Italian caffè, which borrowed it from the Arabic Mahwah, pronounced within the Turkish kahvé. in order that they attribute various meanings to the present word, including “that which keeps awake” and “wine”, a drink prohibited in Islam. So coffee replaced. In France, we colloquially use the shape out. It derived from the Arabic for Algeria and brought over by the military within the XIX century. In several languages, “coffee” designates both the drink and therefore the establishment where people serve it. Which testifies to the immense importance it's acquired in social life. “ Cafeteria ”, derived from English, refers to an equivalent reality. WHERE DOES IT are available ARAB? We usually agree that Arabian coffee comes from Abyssinia on the sting of the Red Sea (present-day Ethiopia). We found traces of his presence dating from the VII century. The best-known legend has it. A shepherd discovered the stimulating properties of coffee after seeing it. His goats were more dashing once they ate the tiny wild berries. Domesticated in Yemen, coffee spread throughout the Arab world. because of the Sufis. They believe it. They appreciate its exciting effects. The drink allowed them to remain awake during their long hours of practice. We believe that it had been moreover a Sufi sheik who first thought of roasting the grains before boiling them. Until then, we used the green bean to form coffee. WHEN DID COFFEE START AS A DRINK? Because of the ban on alcohol, coffee will become the drink of choice for Arabs. For quite two centuries, they're going to keep the exclusivity of its culture and its trade, boiling or drying within the sun the grains to kill the germ. Before the XVI century, no coffee only grew outside that region of the world . Then, reckless travelers will achieve bringing out of Yemen a couple of fertile grains to sow them in foreign soil. Thus they're going to introduce in Europe within the XVI century and America within the early XVII century. COFFEE HISTORY Along with tea, chocolate, and mate, coffee is one among the foremost consumed drinks within the world. And a bit like them, the historian links its history to empires, wars, and revolutions. As early as 1511, the authorities of Mecca began to burn bags of coffee within the streets of the town , in protest against the recognition of cafes in large cities like Cairo, Istanbul, Damascus, and Algiers, places, consistent with them, of debauchery and political intrigue. COFFEE IN EUROPE In 1600, Italian priests tried to possess it banned by Pope Clement VIII because it had been the drink of the infidels. However, after taking a cup of it, the Pope decreed that he loved her. To counter the objections of the priests, he undertook to administer the sacrament of baptism within the café to legalize it … In London in 1674 women signed a petition to ban coffee. They argued it. Thus he kept their husbands away, who preferred to hold call at establishments. where they serve him instead of occupy home. They also argued that it lessened their virile ardor. A year later, King Charles II wanted to shut the cafes on the pretext. So these establishments were places where the revolution was fomented. But the general public reaction was such he had to quickly abandon his project. COFFEE IN GERMANY In Germany, they wanted to ban women, claiming that it made them sterile, which prompted Johann Sebastian Bach to write down a cantata mocking the German authorities. King Frederick the good wanted to ban it in 1775 because it affected the trade beer produced within the country in Prussia. So it replaced tea after the Boston party event. They overwhelmed the excessive taxes imposed on tea by English within the us , . The Bostonians threw into the water the cargoes of tea from English ships anchored within the Harbor. Two species are cultivated on an outsized scale, namely Arabian coffee and robusta coffee (often called robusta coffee , because it's the foremost productive sort of this species). The beans of C. arabica have a more pronounced and richer flavor, with lower caffeine content. But this species is a smaller amount productive and fewer immune to climatic variations also on insects and diseases. Despite this, 75% of world production is provided by C. arabica. Some people mainly use the beans of C. canephora for the assembly of lower quality coffee, especially for soluble coffee. But this species provides excellent Robusta. we'd like a particular proportion in espresso coffee because it's the Robusta that provides this coffee its crema, this golden foam that covers it and which may be a sign of quality. COFFEE IN SULTANATE Few today know this manner of doing things, which consists of infusing the shells surrounding the coffee beans. it had been in use in Turkey where the sultanas would have introduced the style . It appears in various old works, including the Dictionnaire de Trévoux (1704), the Encyclopédie de Diderot et d’Alembert (1758), and therefore the Grand Dictionnaire de cuisine (1873) by Dumas père. Unlike grains, hulls are said to possess calming effects, but to our knowledge, there are not any studies on these effects. a couple of coffee producers occasionally sell it. COFFEE IN SOUTH AMERICA Although people grow coffee in additional than 100 countries,80% of worldwide production is provided by 13 countries. they're namely Brazil – the world’s largest producer – Colombia, Indonesia, Mexico, India, Ethiopia, Guatemala, Uganda, Côte d’Ivoire, Costa Rica , Vietnam, El Salvador , and Kenya. The quality of the coffee varies counting on the species, but also on the soil, altitude, climate, and processing. the simplest coffees would be people who come from coffee trees grown at an altitude of over 1000 m in volcanic soil. in order that they have select many cultivars over the centuries. Depending on the duration of roasting, the coffee beans will lose their green color to a blonde, brown, or black shade. Also, counting on the coffee preparation method, we'll use a more or less fine grind: ultra-fine for Turkish coffee , very fine for espresso, fine for the manual filter its maker, a touch less fine for the kitchen appliance . with electric filter, and medium-fine or coarse for the percolator. As with wine and tea, there are great vintages linked to specific terroirs. the simplest known is Blue Mountain (Jamaica), Kona (Hawaii), Moka (Ethiopia), and Java (Java Island). DECAFFEINATED COFFEE About 10% of world production is decaffeinated. In Canada, the utmost caffeine content must be 0.1% for roasted coffee and 0.3% for soluble it. There are two main processes for decaffeinating its beans. The mechanical process uses water, CO2 (CO 2 ), or coffee oil to get rid of the caffeine. This would retain the aroma and flavor of the bean and produce higher quality decaf . we will also extract caffeine using solvents, like ester or dichloromethane . These chemical methods are, however, less and fewer used. We use the sort of process. Then we package it. COFFEE VARIATION Researchers currently focused on the event of coffee varieties containing little caffeine. we will produce these varieties traditionally, by survival and crossbreeding, or by genetic modification. We would thus avoid all the steps necessary for the extraction of caffeine. and that we would obtain a superior quality “decaf”, whose aroma and flavor would be better preserved. Currently, researchers have successfully produced plants within the laboratory that contain 50% to 94% less caffeine. In 2004, researchers discovered this tree in Ethiopia with virtually zero caffeine content (less than soluble decaffeinated coffee). This discovery should cause the choice of latest cultivars producing this drink which will not require any decaffeinate. CULINARY USES To access other recipes, you'll attend the CuisineAZ.com cooking recipes site, which offers the subsequent recipes, among others: coffee cake, eclair, ice cream CHOOSE WELL Depending on the length of roasting, the coffee are going to be smooth, velvety, or full-bodied. Light roasting leads to a reddish-brown bean with a light flavor. A medium roast produces a darker bean with a stronger flavor (velvety). Finally, a extended roast gives a way darker grain, with a full-bodied flavor like charcoal and caramel. In Europe, one or two other categories are often added. The degree of roasting may be a matter of taste. It doesn't change the caffeine content of the drink prepared. Nor its strength depends on the ratio between the quantity of water and occasional . CULINARY PREPARATIONS IN DRINK To brew an honest cup of coffee, you'll use about 2 tbsp. tablespoon for 180 ml of water. you'll replace cow’s milk in it with soy milk. Some people hate it, but others are fine with it. The honey and syrup could replace sugar, but the coffee flavor are going to be somewhat modified. FLAVORED COFFEES. There are dozens of pre-flavored coffees, but foodies argue that it’s best to flavor your coffee yourself. You can, for instance , add almond or vanilla to freshly brewed it. First, pour within the water. Then you'll also add a vanilla pod, cardamom pods, cloves, fennel, or anise seeds to the bottom it. Or, sprinkle hot coffee with cinnamon or ground nutmeg. ICED COFFEE. Flavor freshly brewed coffee with a couple of drops of vanilla or flavorer . Then mix in equal parts with milk and pour into a glass crammed with ice cubes. MOCHA COFFEE. Mix cocoa and hot it in equal parts. Add milk or cream, chocolate , and ground cinnamon. To the devil: add a touch hot pepper. |
2020.06.01 17:57 Chris-t-fire Saffron Health Benefits and Side Effects
 | Saffron Health Benefits and Side EffectsFood Catalog / Ingredients, Herbs, and Spices / SaffronWritten by: Christopher Karam ｜ ✔️ Medically Reviewed by: Dr. Riad M., M.D - G.P and Micheal B., M.D ｜ Last Updated: 2020 May 31 What Is Saffron?Saffron is a threaded spice, made from the dried stigma of the Saffron Crocus flower (Crocus sativus L. Iridaceae) or Crocus Sativa flower. Saffron is a light cooking ingredient that has a deep fragrance, strong flavor, and a bright yellow and red tinge.By the ounce, high-quality saffron costs more than gold, making it the most expensive spices (per pound) in the world. Saffron costs around 5000$ per pound, behind vanilla pods which are around 600$ per pound. red saffron strands Break down and BackgroundWhat Is Saffron?Saffron is a threaded spice, made from the dried stigma of the Saffron Crocus flower (Crocus sativus L. Iridaceae) or Crocus Sativa flower. Saffron is a light cooking ingredient that has a deep fragrance, strong flavor, and a bright yellow and red tinge.By the ounce, high-quality saffron costs more than gold, making it the most expensive spices (per pound) in the world. Saffron costs around 5000$ per pound, behind vanilla pods which are around 600$ per pound. The reason why saffron is so expensive is because harvesting the stigmas of the crocus flower (the strands in the center) is very labour intensive. Every acre of land (4046 m²) makes 4 pounds of saffron. Each crocus flower yields only 3 stigmas, which are then picked by hand and dried. Each stigma strand makes a strand of saffron. Saffron’s complex fragrance is at once flowery, grassy like hay, and sweet like honey, making highly sought after by professional and home cooks. Saffron is a healthy spice that has an equally complex flavor profile, starting out floral and sweet with a slightly bitter, earthy finish on the tongue’s palate. Just a pinch can add color a dish in its signature bright, orange and gold hue. Outside of western Europe and the United States, the saffron spice is also known as autumn crocus, azafran, kashmira, kesar, and kumkuma. The 3 primary plant-based compounds found in saffron are:
Because of saffron’s delicate nature, no machinery can be used to extract saffron from the crocus flower. Production and harvesting must be entirely done by hand. A maximum of only three strands can be extracted from a single flower, and it must then be carefully dried. Each undried strand is 0.00215 grams. To accumulate a single pound of saffron (16 ounces or 454 grams), it takes roughly 70,000 flowers. A single serving of this treasured spice costs between 5 to 10$. Fortunately, very few dishes require more than half a teaspoon of saffron, which should cost less than 5$. Cultivation of SaffronThe saffron crocus flower is a perennial plant that’s capable of cloning itself, its harvested only through October to mid-November.Saffron crocus flowers thrive in dry and hot regions like the Mediterranean shrubland (maquis) or the Himalayan foothills of Kashmir. It’s grown and cultivated in very hot climates, including Iran, India, Afghanistan, Italy, France, United States, Spain, Greece, and a negligible amount in a few other countries. 95% of the world’s supply of saffron comes solely from Iran, while most of the rest is produced in the Castilla-La Mancha, Spain. Saffron crocus flowers are sensitive plants, it needs to remain in dry heat. If the ground becomes consistently moist, predators and rot can destroy it. The highly specific soil and climate requirements add to the rarity and expense of saffron. Initially, saffron grew wild and was harvested when it was available. This variation of the plant is called Crocus Cartwrightianus, which features a short stigma (the center of the flower, where pollen receptors are located). This predecessor species of saffron reproduced using seeds. Over the last few thousand years, the Crocus Sativa flower was developed, having much longer strands making the cultivation process more efficient. Saffron is a sterile plant, meaning it can only reproduce by cloning itself. This species of crocus was developed to help increase availability, keep a consistent rarity, and high price. Origins and History of SaffronSaffron’s place of origin is unclear, though it may have originated in ancient Persia (modern-day Iran), Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq), Minoan civilization era, or Ancient Greece.Historical records show that the first known era of cultivation was in the Bronze Age of Greece between 2800 and 1250 BC. From there, saffron’s popularity had spread into East Asia, North Africa, and eventually North America as a rare herb in the spice trade. Saffron has been an expensive, rare, and highly prized possession among cooks and gourmands for over 2,000 years. Saffron has been used in Greek, North African, and Middle Eastern cuisines. Saffron has historically been used as a key ingredient in clothing dyes and perfumes, though this is very uncommon these days. As of the last 200 years, saffron is used primarily as a culinary spice and for all of its scientifically proven health benefits. Many dishes require saffron and others that are greatly enhanced by using this vibrant spice. Culinary Uses and RecipesSaffron is used in a large range of traditional recipes, saffron pairs well with a wide variety of both sweet and savory foods. Saffron threads take up to 12 hours to fully release their flavor, this makes it ideal for slow cooking recipes as well.An ever-growing trend has also been making saffron tea, instead of using it with other food. Some of the foods that go well with saffron include:
Toasting SaffronDepending on the recipe and foods used, it’s usually best to toast your saffron strands lightly on a stovetop at medium-high heat to bring out its full fragrance and flavor.Saffron strands are very sensitive, make sure to not dry out or burn the strands when toasting or cooking with saffron. Once toasted and dry, saffron can be added to your dish to enhance the flavor. The only exception to toasting is Persian saffron, Persian saffron is already dried and would burn if heated. Steeping and Diluting SaffronThe second method for preparing saffron requires dilution (steeping). This process is to extract the flavors, nutritious plant-based compounds, and color into warm water or any other steeping liquid.This method is best for saucy or highly liquid recipes as this brings out the fragrance, taste, and color by steeping the saffron in water or broth. When making specialized rice dishes such as Spanish or Mexican rice dish or risotto, steeping saffron is a must. The same is true for water-based foods such as soups, stews, chilis, and marinated protein dishes. Traditional Methods of Cooking With SaffronTraditionally, saffron has been used in savory Mediterranean and Middle Eastern dishes for centuries. Due to the cultural transmission of Islam, it has also been integrated into the cuisine of southern Spain and northern Africa.In Spain, for example, roasted chicken is rubbed with saffron and stuffed with lemons, accenting the aroma and bitter notes of the saffron spice. In Iran, its a staple in a traditional Persian rice-based dish called Chelo ba Tahdig. This is a steamed rice dish loaded with walnuts and onions, in which the rice is parboiled then crisped up into a large patty. In the Valencia region of coastal Spain, rice is once again mixed with saffron to make a bed for seared prawns, lobster, or crayfish in the specialty dish called Seafood Paella. And finally, throughout the Middle East saffron is used in Shorbat el Adas (middle eastern lentil soup). This soup uses steeped saffron to its best advantage for its aromatics, flavor enhancements, and bright yellow color. Lentils are crushed and mixed with sauteed onions and rice, slow-cooked to breakdown all of the ingredients down into a paste. This decadent, spicy soup can also be served as a vegan dish and topped with sour cream or labneh (Middle Eastern yogurt). Saffron’s Nutrition FactsSaffron is a nutrient-dense cooking spice that’s sold and measured in ounces, which amounts to a metric weight of 28 grams. Each serving of saffron contains:
Saffron Health BenefitsThere are many scientifically proven health benefits to eating saffron. What sets this spice apart from other herbs and spices is that it has thousands of extensive and proven studies from the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH).The nutritional profile of saffron will help anyone improve their health by adding a wide range of healthy fats, antioxidants, protein, and fiber. Saffron’s nutritional benefits don’t breakdown over high-heat or slow cooking. Which makes it a versatile spice for many different cooking methods. One ounce of saffron is highly nutrient-dense, containing only 87 calories and no cholesterol, making it very lightweight, easy to digest, and heart-healthy. Only 30 mg of saffron per day is required to get all of its health benefits with minimal side effects. 1. Saffron is a powerful antioxidantSaffron contains many healthy plant-based compounds, fatty acids, and antioxidants which help your body defend against oxidative stress and free radicals. The list of antioxidants found in saffron include:
Saffron is full of healthy fatty acids that contain powerful antioxidants such as phenolic acids, coumarins, tannins, and flavonoids. Antioxidants prevent oxidation produced by metabolic processes in the body, such as your metabolism, catabolism, and anabolism. Antioxidants have the following health benefits:
2. Protects Against Cells DamageAll living organisms suffer from cell damage. Cell damage is caused by different stressors that make cells prone to oxidative and DNA-related damage caused by free radicals. This can be caused by a variety of different stressors such as:
Saffron protects the myelin sheaths (cell membrane) around the fat cells of neurons, which safeguard and transmit electrical pathways to and from the brain and nervous system. Excessive cell damage can progressively destroy DNA during cell division, which can cause illnesses and disorders such as:
Safranal, crocin, crocetin, kaempferol are antioxidants found in saffron that can help reduce oxidative and metabolic stressors. Reducing oxidative and metabolic stress can reduce symptoms of:
3. May Treat Mood Disorders and Symptoms of DepressionAnxiety, depression, and mood disorders are one of the most commonly diagnosed psychological disorders, affecting nearly 25.3 million people in the United States, close to 8% of the population.Depression and other mood disorders are a devastating side effect of stress, a poor diet, personal relationships, or other life experiences. Similar to conventional antidepressants, saffron exhibits similar results by improving and regulating certain chemicals in the brain, such as serotonin (a mood-elevating neurotransmitter). This is due to all of the antioxidants and anti-inflammatory benefits of saffron. Crocetin, crocins, and safranal reduces inflammation and promotes a healthy brain chemical balance of:
Saffron was also tested against placebos in depression studies and found to be far more effective. According to a study conducted with 5 control groups, 30 mg of saffron is as effective as certain antidepressant drugs, such as:
The results were not as effective as antidepressants, but the controlled groups suffered almost no side effects that are typically associated with antidepressants, including dry mouth, constipation, sexual dysfunction, urinary retention, and levels of sedation. Always consult a medical professional before making changes to your diet, especially if suffering from a disorder like depression. 4. Reduces Symptoms of Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) affects more than 90% of menstruating women, usually before the end of the menstrual cycle (menses stage).PMS has common side effects such as emotional deregulation, physical aching, headaches, fatigue, and behavioural changes. A study conducted on women aged between 20 and 45 years old taking 30 mg of saffron supplements per day. After 4 months, 76% of women had a reduction in premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) and PMS symptoms by around 50%. Multiple other research papers and studies have also shown that taking 30 mg of saffron per day has improved PMS symptoms such as:
A scientific study found that being exposed to the scent of saffron for up to 20 minutes can be an effective form of aromatherapy, reducing PMS-induced anxiety and the production of cortisol (stress hormone). 5. Saffron Boosts LibidoMultiple studies have shown that saffron was able to reduce the risk of infertility problems and positive effects on erectile dysfunction (ED) as well as overall sex drive.Saffron is an aphrodisiac food that increases sex drive and improves symptoms of sexual dysfunction, in both males and females. A list of aphrodisiac foods include:
Taking 30 mg of saffron per day is the minimum intake to benefit from all of its positive health effects. Additionally, over the 4 weeks, taking saffron can counteract the libido-reducing effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants by increasing blood flow. Saffron’s largest libido-related benefit is its ability to treat low libido in women, especially those on antidepressants. 4 separate studies have shown that saffron helped increase lubrication and reduce pain associated with sexual intercourse. 6. Promotes Weight LossObesity and being overweight are rising global issues for decades now, which can lead to increased risks of cancer, type 1 and type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease (CHD), hypertension, strokes, as well as many other illnesses and diseases.Saffron has many healthy plant-based compounds that help with weight loss, appetite suppression, as well as reducing urges and cravings. This is due to many factors, primarily because saffron increases levels of serotonin in the brain which increases satisfaction and reduces the likelihood of overeating, which is also associated with weight gain. Saffron is a healthy, vitamin and mineral-rich, low-calorie spice that improves the ability for dieters and regular individuals to lose weight. The antioxidants crocin, crocetin, safranal, picrocrocin, have many health benefits that can help reduce weight and obesity-related illnesses and diseases such as:
All of these symptoms and illnesses can increase cravings and urges to overeat. Multiple studies have shown the effects saffron has on appetite suppression while increasing satiety, the feeling of fullness after eating. 7. Reduces The Risk of CancerSaffron is full of antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that all help to increase the strength of your immune system. A stronger immune system allows for a better response and reduced risk of cancer.The nutrients found in saffron itself are especially toxic to cancerous cells by increasing the frequency of apoptosis (triggered cell death) by the cancer cells. Saffron also reduces the ability of cancer cells to express RNA and DNA synthesis, making it difficult and a much slower process for these cells to reproduce. Crocin and crocetin are especially anticancerous and antitumorous, these effects have minimal side effects on regular healthy cells. Taking around 20 to 30 mg of saffron per day can severely negate this side effect. Saffron Side Effects and DetrimentsAt normal doses, saffron has very few if any negative side effects, as the only times when saffron can be harmful is if you overeat it. Exceeding 5 grams (5000 mg) per day can potentially be very toxic, let alone expensive.Taking up to 1.2 grams per day is generally safe, while at high doses saffron can be highly toxic, which symptoms usually include insomnia, nausea, and vomiting. Additionally, there are minor cases of allergic reactions caused by saffron. For women, saffron should never be taken during pregnancy as it actively stimulates uterine contractions and drastically increases your chances of a miscarriage. Other common side effects caused by eating an excess amount of saffron include:
While these are not harmful by themselves, adulterated saffron will not provide similar health benefits, which can also lead some people to overdose accidentally much easier. 1. May Cause a MiscarriagePregnant women should never take saffron as it can cause miscarriages, although lower dosages are generally considered safe for expecting mothers, it’s highly suggested to avoid it completely to avoid any unnecessary risks.A study conducted on women working in saffron fields found that 89% of women who ate saffron regularly had a miscarriage. These rates were reduced the larger the number of miscarriages these women suffered. Always consult your medical professional before including changes to your diet, including adding different herbs and spices. Rating and RecommendationExtremely RecommendedSaffron is a versatile and highly underrated spice that is packed with vitamins and minerals, nutritious plant-based compounds, and antioxidants. Saffron’s been thoroughly studied and has many scientifically purported health benefits. Despite its expensive price point, saffron has many health benefits and minimal side effects that are beneficial to nearly everyone. Using small amounts of strands in a few dishes throughout the week will give you all of the health benefits without the risk of overconsuming. Issues only arise is when you overeat saffron, anything above 1.2 grams is a lot. Saffron should definitely be avoided if you’re pregnant as it can trigger uterus contractions which could drastically increase the likelihood of a miscarriage. Here’s the list of health benefits of saffron:
With hundreds of scientific studies and research papers make saffron a must-include in your diet. Along with its wonderful flavor and bright yellow color, it can brighten up any recipe. |
2018.01.08 23:00 BookWormRoses Olyvar Tyrell, Lord of Highgarden
Age- Nearing his thirtieth name day.
History- After spending his childhood and young adult life at the Citadel, the then Maester Olyvar was sent to his old home of Highgarden to serve the castle. His time in the role was filled with nothing but dread and poor memories; forced to witness not only the deaths of most if not all the staff and household he knew from childhood, but also three of his five remaining siblings. He also watched on silently as the new King Damon stripped his house of it's lands and titles, granting most to surrounding lords.
Following the Ascent of the Lion, Olyvar was spared by the new Lord Paramount, Gylen Hightower; believe to be no threat as a maester of the citadel. He continued to served the new Lord of Highgarden, Robert Manderly, just as he had his family before the war. When his sister, Meredith, was forced to marry Manderly as the next in line to inherited House Tyrell, Olyvar swore to assist her in any way possible. With his help as well as secret assistance from Danae Targaryen, Meredith successfully poisoned her husband, causing his death. During Meredyth’s Ladyship that followed, Olyvar continued assist his sister as best he could, even assuming many of the duties as lord while still remaining true to his vows. It was not until a feast for the King and Queen at Highgarden, following the War of the False King, that Olyvar got his opportunity to assist his house in a way that would mean it’s everlasting survival, as opposed to the day-to-day survival it had become accustomed to. Incriminating a winemaker, Olyvar used nutmeg to imitate the affects of poison on the Queen. With his 'assistance', Danae made a full recovery and as a result, the Crown saw fit to grant Olyvar's request to be named Lord of Highgarden, have his families lands restored, and have his chain removed.
Since then, he has worked tirelessly to restore his house to its proper status in the Reach. He arranged marriage alliances with Merryweather and Tarly, as well as saw the restoration of Highgarden completed. He and his wife, Melessa Merryweather, conceived their first child near the end of the 6th era. They have continued to attempt to create an heir for House Tyrell, however, after two miscarriages and a stillbirth, the former maester begins to worry his house is not as safe as he originally hoped. Melessa is currently pregnant in 511 AC, and the couples one child is a girl named Elyana.
Appearance- A man of relatively average height and weight, Olyvar’s abilities are not something measurable by his strength with sword. He is considered attractive by many, including his last remaining sibling, Meredith, who has been known to often say, “Even my brother is more beautiful than me.” His hair and eyes shine with gold.
(note: I also went over this with Damon, just to be sure I got the history of the character correct!)
submitted by BookWormRoses to GoTRPcommunity [link] [comments]
History- After spending his childhood and young adult life at the Citadel, the then Maester Olyvar was sent to his old home of Highgarden to serve the castle. His time in the role was filled with nothing but dread and poor memories; forced to witness not only the deaths of most if not all the staff and household he knew from childhood, but also three of his five remaining siblings. He also watched on silently as the new King Damon stripped his house of it's lands and titles, granting most to surrounding lords.
Following the Ascent of the Lion, Olyvar was spared by the new Lord Paramount, Gylen Hightower; believe to be no threat as a maester of the citadel. He continued to served the new Lord of Highgarden, Robert Manderly, just as he had his family before the war. When his sister, Meredith, was forced to marry Manderly as the next in line to inherited House Tyrell, Olyvar swore to assist her in any way possible. With his help as well as secret assistance from Danae Targaryen, Meredith successfully poisoned her husband, causing his death. During Meredyth’s Ladyship that followed, Olyvar continued assist his sister as best he could, even assuming many of the duties as lord while still remaining true to his vows. It was not until a feast for the King and Queen at Highgarden, following the War of the False King, that Olyvar got his opportunity to assist his house in a way that would mean it’s everlasting survival, as opposed to the day-to-day survival it had become accustomed to. Incriminating a winemaker, Olyvar used nutmeg to imitate the affects of poison on the Queen. With his 'assistance', Danae made a full recovery and as a result, the Crown saw fit to grant Olyvar's request to be named Lord of Highgarden, have his families lands restored, and have his chain removed.
Since then, he has worked tirelessly to restore his house to its proper status in the Reach. He arranged marriage alliances with Merryweather and Tarly, as well as saw the restoration of Highgarden completed. He and his wife, Melessa Merryweather, conceived their first child near the end of the 6th era. They have continued to attempt to create an heir for House Tyrell, however, after two miscarriages and a stillbirth, the former maester begins to worry his house is not as safe as he originally hoped. Melessa is currently pregnant in 511 AC, and the couples one child is a girl named Elyana.
Appearance- A man of relatively average height and weight, Olyvar’s abilities are not something measurable by his strength with sword. He is considered attractive by many, including his last remaining sibling, Meredith, who has been known to often say, “Even my brother is more beautiful than me.” His hair and eyes shine with gold.
(note: I also went over this with Damon, just to be sure I got the history of the character correct!)
2013.07.11 18:27 valentinedoux Essential Oils and Carrier Oils to Avoid During Pregnancy
Some essential / carrier oils are abortifacient - (can induce abortion), uterine stimulants (it may cause birth defects or other complications) or not recommended for pregnancy and breastfeeding:
Essential oils: Anise, Arbor Vitae, Asafoetida, Ashwagandha, Balsamite, Basil, Bay, Beth Root, Broom, Bitter Melon, Blue Cohosh, Calamus, Camphor, Cangerana, Caraway, Carrot (Wild), Cinnamon, Clove, Coriander, Devil's Claw, Dill, Fennel, Goji Berry, Ho Leaf, Hyssop, Jaborandi, Juniper Berry, Lady's Mantle, Lavender Cotton, Lavandula, Lemongrass, Mugwort, Nutmeg, Parlsey, Penny Royal, Peppermint, Perilla, Sage, Sassafras, Savin, Shepherd's Purse, Rosemary, Rue, Tansy, Thuja, Thyme, Treemoss, Tribulus, Wormwood, Vetiver, Yarrow.
Carrier oils:Avocado - 1, 2 (it only applies to avocado leaf tea) and Neem - 1, 2. Black Seed - 1
Sources:
Herbs and Oils to Avoid In Pregnancy
Abortifacient: Herbs that can cause miscarriage
Essential oils and Pregnancy
Toxicity of Essential Oils
AromaworX
Bumble and Bee - Essential Oils to Avoid During Pregnancy
yvva posted "If you're pregnant, trying to conceive, or lactating, please remember to check if products/orals that are recommended are safe for you to use" on /skincareaddiction - please check it out. :)
submitted by valentinedoux to NaturalBeauty [link] [comments]
Carrier oils:
Herbs and Oils to Avoid In Pregnancy
Abortifacient: Herbs that can cause miscarriage
Essential oils and Pregnancy
Toxicity of Essential Oils
AromaworX
Bumble and Bee - Essential Oils to Avoid During Pregnancy