Ibs and lactose intolerant.Is this a good option?.I kinda have a sweet tooth.Yes,I know I can only have a very small serving unfortunately.

We talk a lot about coffee here. Mostly we talk about coffee. I get it! I really do!
But....
Leaving out any thought or mention at all about the WATER is sad. really really damn sad. Water is 50% of the ingredient list, just sayin...
I too am guilty of completely forgetting about...
The freaking WATER!!
What is espresso?
Ground beans. Hopefully of a high quality, that you can afford, repeatedly. Right? Um, but what about the water? Grab a carafe, fill it from the fridge and dump it in the machine, right?
We talk a LOT about how to improve your shot quality. What equipment, tools and techniques should I use? Right? Um, but what about the water? Water hardly ever comes up!!
I live in coffee land, aka Seattle WA USA. We are a tribe that wickedly obsesses about our coffee! Right? Um, but what about the water? We have/had a local brewery named Olympia (I don't recall if Oly is still around) and many many many of us liked it and their slogan - It's about the water, and a whole lot more. I've always liked that slogan.
It's ALWAYS about the freaking water, and a whole lot more!!! Coffee, how ever you choose to get there, is mainly ground coffee and, WATER! We all will commiserate till the cows come home, on the beans, the equipment, the tools! But, what about the freaking water?
I can absolutely affirm that, if you're drinking water is not pleasant to drink, your coffee will also SUCK!! REALLY SUCK if your water SUCKS. Sadly tap water IMHO in 'merica has significantly declined in quality. Even the water out of our fridges is, not that great these days.
Then, one day, I ran into someone who knew a LOT more than I do about coffee, and water. I was dumb, then I was informed! Once I found out not only how freaking AWFUL lame water can ruin what should be a GREAT shot my eyes lit up! My palate said oh HELL YEAH BABY! I discovered what I refer to as, the other half! That 50% makes ALL the damn difference!
Now I know some folks who go all wild and crazy with a whole home water filtration system. Yup that's one way to get there. What I found after doing some googling and searches on the fixall tool we all rely on YouTube, not all water is the same. And a affordable solution is VERY doable!
Stop using tap water or water out of the fridge. None of that will work to elevate your shots. CLEAN water will!! Seriously!
I don't care which product you use to get there. Just get there!! Products like a whole home system are amazing but they are expensive to buy and install but they are also expensive to maintain with monthly filter replacements. Even under counter systems are a good option but again expensive.
I get my clean water from a product called Zero Water. $41.00 for the filtetank and $25.00 for a roughly monthly filter replacement. For us crazy coffee freaks Zero Water has one advantage over the other in-fridge solutions. Zero Water filters out 100% of the minerals (primarily calcium and magnesium) that causes calcification in our espresso machines! That's right 100%! I was not expecting that. I've known about Brita and I see the value but Zero Water does more that matters to me and my expensive espresso beast. It's going to stop calcification, BIG TIME!!
Oh and it tastes, heavenly! Have you ever had a bottle of Evian bottled water? Yeah I hear ya, expensive for sure but once you plop down the cash and take your first sip I promise all the other bottled water will never ever ever measure up. That's Zero Water. Plus your espresso machine will LOVE you for it!
Third Wave water is also super damn good! But it's one drawback is it requires a bit of math and mixing to get it right. But yeah Third Wave Water is also very excellent.
My very wordy but hopefully helpful diatribe is intended to spur conversation and some thoughts on how to make a REALLY BIG difference in how your cup o joe tastes after stepping up your water game!
My first shot with truly clean water was life altering. I really had no idea. My ever present Hydra Flask will only taste Zero Water, EVER, going forward!
I leave you now with a question, if I use Zero Water in my pancakes will I have another seminal moment of mind blown???
Hehehe!!

BEST ENGINE OIL LIST [COMPOSITIONS]
Until now we were only guided by the recommendation of a forum member, a mechanic or friend, either based on their personal experience or by the information in their technical data sheets, many of them incomplete.
I have compiled information from different REAL laboratory analyses, this list is not influenced at all by slogans and commercial tips used by brands in their advertising or in the labeling of their product, or by "briefcases" to favor one brand or another, but in the characteristics of the oil, its specifications, the composition of its base and its additives
Some are marketed in our country, others can be purchased through Ebay or Amazon and unfortunately others are impossible to obtain. (I have removed some that are only sold in other continents)
The ideal is to choose, within the specifications required by your engine (Viscosity, ACEA, API) and within your budget, the oil model that is in one of the TOPs in which oils with the best bases are classified.
GROUP OF BASES ORDERED FROM WORST TO BEST
Group III HC
-It is a synthetic base of organic origin that is obtained from the hydrogenation (cleaning) of the mineral base through the hydrocracking process. It is the most used lubricant base by oil companies due to its low cost compared to other bases.
Paraffin isomerization processes are also used in which n-paraffins are transformed into iso-paraffins.
Bases of mineral origin are valid for the vast majority of applications for which they are required. However, when it is necessary to work in extreme conditions, these bases suffer some limits in their behavior. Some of these limitations are:
*At temperatures below -20º, most mineral oils, except when they have added freezing point depressant additives, begin to solidify.
*At temperatures above 180º, lower molecular weight components evaporate, causing an increase in oil viscosity and consequently altering most of its properties.
*When working at high temperatures, mineral oils react more easily with oxygen in the air, forming gums and residues that thicken the oil.
*The viscosity/temperature properties of some mineral oils mean that they are too fluid at high temperatures and too little at low temperatures.
*From an environmental point of view, base oils of mineral origin are not completely biodegradable.
Group III+ GTL
-"GAS TO LIQUID", synthetic base obtained from the liquefaction of natural gas.
Although they belong to the same group as HC of mineral origin, their obtaining/processing is more laborious and expensive, resulting in a better base than its "brother" HC.
Higher purity, higher thermal stability, higher viscosity index, lower volatility, higher oxidation resistance and better response to additives than HC.
They are mainly used by Shell (in most models of its Helix Ultra and Professional range) as well as Mobil (in its Mobil1 range)
Group IV - PAO "Polyalphaolefins"
Synthetic lubricants obtained from ethylene in a process in which a chemical compound is added at the molecular level called Poly-Alphaolefins that give it high temperature resistance and very little volatility (evaporation).
He takes only what interests him from the oil, only the molecules that lubricate, separates them and then uses them to formulate the base.
PAO-based or PAO "enhanced" motor oils (can be used either as a base or as an additive to enhance an HC or GTL) have a number of unique properties that cannot be obtained using conventional Group III base oils.
*Low evaporation (Noak). PAO oils have very low evaporation at high loads, so the oil level on the dipstick barely drops and prevents the oil viscosity from increasing over the miles.
*Without impurities. The use of the PAO base eliminates the addition of a polymeric thickener, which is the main cause of carbon formation in the engine.
* Preservation of properties. PAO-based oils retain their lubricating properties even under high load for longer, which allows the replacement interval to be increased.
*Does not freeze at -63°. PAO base oil has excellent low temperature properties.
Group V – Ester
Ester It is a synthetic compound that is not derived from petroleum but from the reaction of a fatty acid with an alcohol. It is also the most expensive to produce because in its manufacture by natural "cutting" 2 out of 5 productions are rejected.
It is mainly used in the aeronautics, aerospace industry and in automotive competition lubricants where its properties of resistance to extreme temperatures ranging from -68 ° to +325 °, high stickiness and polarity, allow the lubricant to adhere to metal parts.
This compound is the king of compounds in terms of liquid lubricants.
It provides greater lubricity, resistance to extreme temperatures and pressures, polarity (adheres to metals so that the upper parts of the engine do not remain "dry") and also provides detergency.
Approximate price of compounds per ton year 2019
HC up to $750
GTL up to 780$
PAO up to $2700
Ester up to 6000$
Additives
Traditionally, 3 additives are used in motor oils, which are common in all of them (Sota, Caballo and Rey), varying the proportion:
Phosphorus (P) + Zinc (Zn) "ZDDP" - This compound additive has anti-friction, anti-wear, anti-stick, antioxidant and anti-corrosion functions of anti-wear additives most used and most effective.
In some ACEA and API its use is limited/restricted since a higher concentration = a higher amount of ashes and a higher amount of sulfur.
In sports cut oils, their concentration is usually higher (double, triple and even quadruple) since for circuit use the ash/sulfur issue matters rather little.
Calcium (Ca) - Found in oils in the form of neutralizing additives and detergents.
Calcium sulfonate is used and a more modern version of detergents is calcium salicylate. They have the functions of neutralizing the acids formed in the oil during the burning of fuel, such as sulfuric acid (among others) and keeping the engine clean inside.
It also provides dispersing properties (ability to retain particles in suspension) as well as a corrosion inhibitor.
Additionallyin oils with more modern additive packages, we find additives that provide more and better properties to the oil and that not everyone uses, among them are:
Molybdenum (Mo) - Main function is to modify friction, as an anti-rust agent, and to reduce engine noise and consumption.
Molybdenum creates a wear-resistant coating between friction pairs, thus creating a low coefficient of friction between part surfaces.
In the past, molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) was used, it consists of solid microparticles of mineral origin, well known in commercial additives and some oils, but today it is almost obsolete.
It has recently been replaced by more modern and effective molybdenum compounds, such as organic molybdenum, which is infinitely more soluble and effective than the old MoS₂, while generating less waste.
The different types of organic molybdenum (the pata negra) are mainly MoDTC (molybdenum dithiocarbamate), MoDTP (molybdenum dithiophosphate) and various molybdenum complexes of single core, double core, trinuclear organic molybdenum.
Molybdenum is most often found in ILSAC (Norm, American Standard) and A5/B5/C2 (Fuel Saver) motor oils, but lately we are seeing it more and more in oils with other specifications where ZDDP It is restricted.
Boron (B) - It is a multipurpose additive that extends its properties depending on the type and its concentration:
In small amounts it acts as a dispersant capable of keeping combustion products in suspension and helps to better dissolve and distribute anti-wear and anti-friction additives in oils, improving their efficiency.
In larger quantities it also acts as a neutralizing detergent and in large quantities it also modifies friction, reducing noise and consumption.
It is increasingly found in modern additive packages in order to reduce/minimize the use of Calcium.
Boron is also found in commercial additives and some oils in the form of solid particles, known as hexagonal boron nitride (hBn), its main function is that of friction modifier.
Magnesium (Mg) - Neutralizes acids formed during fuel combustion, can improve other properties of oils, for example, keeping particles in suspension , detergency, resist corrosion, etc... an undoubted advantage of using such an additive in oils is a lower sulfur content and a lower ash content.
Both boron and magnesium are recommended for direct injection gasoline engines, which are quite prone to residue build-up on piston rings, piston heads and valves.
It is increasingly found in modern additive packages to reduce/minimize Calcium usage and mitigate a very unwanted phenomenon called LSPI (Low RPM Connecting Rod Knocking).
Magnesium is also widely used in oil formulations for use in heavy diesel vehicles, such as trucks, agricultural vehicles, earthmoving vehicles, etc.
Titanium (Ti) - Found in motor oils in the form of titanium oxide, it has an antioxidant function, reduces wear and friction.
Titanium oxides, chemically interacting with metal surfaces, create an anti-wear layer on it. Therefore, additives based on titanium compounds reduce wear, have anti-seize properties, reduce the coefficient of friction, are highly soluble in oils and are an effective antioxidant. Commonly used by Castrol in their "Titanium" range (although less and less lately)
Wolframium (W) - Also known as Tungsten, It is found in motor oils in the form of an organotungstate, it has an antioxidant function, reduces wear and friction..
Organotusngtate, which chemically interact with metal surfaces, create an anti-wear layer on it. Therefore, additives based on organotungstate compounds reduce wear, have anti-seize properties, reduce the coefficient of friction, are highly soluble in oils, and are an effective antioxidant. Commonly used by Ravenol in its high range and the new range of Liqui Moly Molygen "New Generation"
Note:
It is necessary to differentiate between [B]friction reducer[/B] and [B]friction modifier[/B], it seems the same but it is not.
Phosphorus / Zinc "ZDDP" - Reduces friction and prevents wear by avoiding contact and the parts rubbing against each other (metal vs metal) when there is no longer a hydrodynamic cushion (oil films), hence its use is necessary and mandatory in ALL motor oils.
Boron and Molybdenum - Modifies the friction by softening the friction of the pieces but to a certain extent, creates soft "layers" (like puff pastry) on the surface of the pieces, reduces the coefficient of friction, reduces fuel consumption, noise of the engine and in doses of "horse" it helps the engine to develop its maximum power, but when the friction is excessive this protective layer is insufficient, it does not prevent friction but it minimizes it, once those "layers" are overcome it is where it enters The ZDDP is at stake, hence its use is optional and it is not always present.
TOP VISCOSITIES
The specifications of the different oils have been structured as follows:
Brand and Model + Base Composition
TOP XW-16/20 PAO or GTL or HC
Amsoil Signature Series 0W-20 60% PAO + HC + 13% Ester API SP - ACEA A1/B1 ILSAC GF6 "https://youtu.be/dn_gUbx36kQ"
Amsoil Signature Series 5W-20 60% PAO + HC + 5% Ester API SN - ACEA A1/B1 ILSAC GF5
Amsoil Dominator 5W-20 HC + 60% PAO + 10% Ester
Extreme VR2 0w-20 GTE 70% PAO + 10% Ester API SP - ILSAC GF6 - ACEA C5 "https://youtu.be/OhEgAnnKazQ"
Mobil 1 ESP 0W-20 GTL + 20% PAO + 6% Ester API SN - ACEA A1/B1
Mobil 1 Advanced Fuel Economy 0W-20 40% PAO + HC API SN - ILSAC GF5
Motorex Concept B-XL 0w-20 HC + 20% PAO + 5% Ester ACEA A1/B1
Shell Helix Ultra 0W-20 GTL API SN - ACEA A1/B1 - ILSAC GF5
Shell Helix Ultra AF 5W-20 GTL API SN - ACEA A1/B1 - ILSAC GF5
Xenum Nippon Energy 0W-20 50% PAO + HC API SN - ACEA A1/B1
Motul Hybrid 0W-20 HC + 25% PAO API SN - ILSAC GF5 "https://youtu.be/soGTPVUq7L4"
Motul Eco-lite 0W-20HC + 30% PAO + 3% Ester API SN - ILSAC GF5
Ravenol Eco Synth ECS SAE 0w-2040% PAO + HC API SN RC - ACEA A1/B1 - ILSAC GF5 "https://youtu.be/ixx70RDoOjg"
Ravenol Extra Fuel Economy EFE SAE 0w-16 50% PAO + HC + API SN "https://youtu.be/BbokQZVA6ZI"
Ravenol SFE SAE 5w2050% PAO + HC API SN RC ILSAC GF5 "https://youtu.be/C_5jKDaAXns"
Redline 0W-20 40%-60% Ester + PAO API SN - ACEA A5/B5 ILSAC GF5 "https://youtu.be/xZr8GNzsxNQ"
Redline 5W-20 40%-60% Ester + PAO API SN - ACEA A5/B5 ILSAC GF5
TOP 0W-30 PAO + HC or HC + PAO
Amsoil Signature Series 0W-30 60% PAO + HC + 13% Ester API SP - ACEA A5/B5 ILSAC GF6 "https://youtu.be/XYiSnm18u6k"
Castrol EDGE FST 0w30 A3/B4 HC + 30% PAO API SN - ACEA A3/B4 "https://youtu.be/M2sSXpdWDbw"
Castrol EDGE 0w30 C370% PAO + HC API SN - ACEA C3
Elf Evolution FT900 0w-30 50% PAO + HC API SL - ACEA A3/B4 "https://youtu.be/gWoH41rkFeo"
Eni I-Sint 0w30 40% PAO + 15% Ester *ACEA A5/B5 https://youtu.be/8VZUUY7bX8s"
Fuchs Titan Supersyn Longlife 0W-30 HC + 30% PAO + 10% Ester API SL - ACEA A3/B4
Motul 8100 X-lite 0W-30 HC + 30% PAO + 10% Ester API SL - ACEA A3/B4
Petronas Syntium 7000 DM 0W-30 40% PAO + HC API SN - ACEA C3 https://youtu.be/RF357EzBE20
Petronas Syntium 7000 E 0W-30 30% PAO + HC API SN - ACEA C2 ILSAC GF5 https://youtu.be/SOrRi2UqjAU
Ravenol FES 0w-30 55% PAO + 5% Ester ACEA C2 https://youtu.be/bNPoCP-0VGc
Ravenol VSW 0W-30 55% PAO + HC + 7% Ester API SN - ACEA C3 https://youtu.be/70gsvuDC9XE
Ravenol SSO 0W-30 50% PAO + HC API SN - ACEA A3/B4 https://youtu.be/bk-vv8HVMLM
Ravenol SSV 0W-30 50% PAO + HC API SL - ACEA A5/B5 https://youtu.be/ql0Q31f09uY
Redline 0W-30 40%-60% Ester + PAO API SN - ACEA A5/B5 ILSAC GF5
Total Quartz Ineo Efficiency 0W-30 50% PAO + HC ACEA C2/C3
Total Quartz Ineo First 0W-30 HC + 30% PAO ACEA C1/C2 https://youtu.be/VT2kiyMPzjs
Texaco Havoline ProDS P 0W-30 60% PAO + HC ACEA C2 https://youtu.be/HmfL-XfKmjE

Until now we were only guided by the recommendation of a forum member, a mechanic or friend, either based on their personal experience or by the information in their technical data sheets, many of them incomplete.
I have compiled information from different REAL laboratory analyses, this list is not influenced at all by slogans and commercial tips used by brands in their advertising or in the labeling of their product, or by "briefcases" to favor one brand or another, but in the characteristics of the oil, its specifications, the composition of its base and its additives
Some are marketed in our country, others can be purchased through Ebay or Amazon and unfortunately others are impossible to obtain. (I have removed some that are only sold in other continents)
The ideal is to choose, within the specifications required by your engine (Viscosity, ACEA, API) and within your budget, the oil model that is in one of the TOPs in which oils with the best bases are classified.
GROUP OF BASES ORDERED FROM WORST TO BEST
Group III HC
-It is a synthetic base of organic origin that is obtained from the hydrogenation (cleaning) of the mineral base through the hydrocracking process. It is the most used lubricant base by oil companies due to its low cost compared to other bases.
Paraffin isomerization processes are also used in which n-paraffins are transformed into iso-paraffins.
Bases of mineral origin are valid for the vast majority of applications for which they are required. However, when it is necessary to work in extreme conditions, these bases suffer some limits in their behavior. Some of these limitations are:
*At temperatures below -20º, most mineral oils, except when they have added freezing point depressant additives, begin to solidify.
*At temperatures above 180º, lower molecular weight components evaporate, causing an increase in oil viscosity and consequently altering most of its properties.
*When working at high temperatures, mineral oils react more easily with oxygen in the air, forming gums and residues that thicken the oil.
*The viscosity/temperature properties of some mineral oils mean that they are too fluid at high temperatures and too little at low temperatures.
*From an environmental point of view, base oils of mineral origin are not completely biodegradable.
Group III+ GTL
-"GAS TO LIQUID", synthetic base obtained from the liquefaction of natural gas.
Although they belong to the same group as HC of mineral origin, their obtaining/processing is more laborious and expensive, resulting in a better base than its "brother" HC.
Higher purity, higher thermal stability, higher viscosity index, lower volatility, higher oxidation resistance and better response to additives than HC.
They are mainly used by Shell (in most models of its Helix Ultra and Professional range) as well as Mobil (in its Mobil1 range)
Group IV - PAO "Polyalphaolefins"
Synthetic lubricants obtained from ethylene in a process in which a chemical compound is added at the molecular level called Poly-Alphaolefins that give it high temperature resistance and very little volatility (evaporation).
He takes only what interests him from the oil, only the molecules that lubricate, separates them and then uses them to formulate the base.
PAO-based or PAO "enhanced" motor oils (can be used either as a base or as an additive to enhance an HC or GTL) have a number of unique properties that cannot be obtained using conventional Group III base oils.
*Low evaporation (Noak). PAO oils have very low evaporation at high loads, so the oil level on the dipstick barely drops and prevents the oil viscosity from increasing over the miles.
*Without impurities. The use of the PAO base eliminates the addition of a polymeric thickener, which is the main cause of carbon formation in the engine.
* Preservation of properties. PAO-based oils retain their lubricating properties even under high load for longer, which allows the replacement interval to be increased.
*Does not freeze at -63°. PAO base oil has excellent low temperature properties.
Group V – Ester
Ester It is a synthetic compound that is not derived from petroleum but from the reaction of a fatty acid with an alcohol. It is also the most expensive to produce because in its manufacture by natural "cutting" 2 out of 5 productions are rejected.
It is mainly used in the aeronautics, aerospace industry and in automotive competition lubricants where its properties of resistance to extreme temperatures ranging from -68 ° to +325 °, high stickiness and polarity, allow the lubricant to adhere to metal parts.
This compound is the king of compounds in terms of liquid lubricants.
It provides greater lubricity, resistance to extreme temperatures and pressures, polarity (adheres to metals so that the upper parts of the engine do not remain "dry") and also provides detergency.
Approximate price of compounds per ton year 2019
HC up to $750
GTL up to 780$
PAO up to $2700
Ester up to 6000$
Additives
Traditionally, 3 additives are used in motor oils, which are common in all of them (Sota, Caballo and Rey), varying the proportion:
Phosphorus (P) + Zinc (Zn) "ZDDP" - This compound additive has anti-friction, anti-wear, anti-stick, antioxidant and anti-corrosion functions of anti-wear additives most used and most effective.
In some ACEA and API its use is limited/restricted since a higher concentration = a higher amount of ashes and a higher amount of sulfur.
In sports cut oils, their concentration is usually higher (double, triple and even quadruple) since for circuit use the ash/sulfur issue matters rather little.
Calcium (Ca) - Found in oils in the form of neutralizing additives and detergents.
Calcium sulfonate is used and a more modern version of detergents is calcium salicylate. They have the functions of neutralizing the acids formed in the oil during the burning of fuel, such as sulfuric acid (among others) and keeping the engine clean inside.
It also provides dispersing properties (ability to retain particles in suspension) as well as a corrosion inhibitor.
Additionallyin oils with more modern additive packages, we find additives that provide more and better properties to the oil and that not everyone uses, among them are:
Molybdenum (Mo) - Main function is to modify friction, as an anti-rust agent, and to reduce engine noise and consumption.
Molybdenum creates a wear-resistant coating between friction pairs, thus creating a low coefficient of friction between part surfaces.
In the past, molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) was used, it consists of solid microparticles of mineral origin, well known in commercial additives and some oils, but today it is almost obsolete.
It has recently been replaced by more modern and effective molybdenum compounds, such as organic molybdenum, which is infinitely more soluble and effective than the old MoS₂, while generating less waste.
The different types of organic molybdenum (the pata negra) are mainly MoDTC (molybdenum dithiocarbamate), MoDTP (molybdenum dithiophosphate) and various molybdenum complexes of single core, double core, trinuclear organic molybdenum.
Molybdenum is most often found in ILSAC (Norm, American Standard) and A5/B5/C2 (Fuel Saver) motor oils, but lately we are seeing it more and more in oils with other specifications where ZDDP It is restricted.
Boron (B) - It is a multipurpose additive that extends its properties depending on the type and its concentration:
In small amounts it acts as a dispersant capable of keeping combustion products in suspension and helps to better dissolve and distribute anti-wear and anti-friction additives in oils, improving their efficiency.
In larger quantities it also acts as a neutralizing detergent and in large quantities it also modifies friction, reducing noise and consumption.
It is increasingly found in modern additive packages in order to reduce/minimize the use of Calcium.
Boron is also found in commercial additives and some oils in the form of solid particles, known as hexagonal boron nitride (hBn), its main function is that of friction modifier.
Magnesium (Mg) - Neutralizes acids formed during fuel combustion, can improve other properties of oils, for example, keeping particles in suspension , detergency, resist corrosion, etc... an undoubted advantage of using such an additive in oils is a lower sulfur content and a lower ash content.
Both boron and magnesium are recommended for direct injection gasoline engines, which are quite prone to residue build-up on piston rings, piston heads and valves.
It is increasingly found in modern additive packages to reduce/minimize Calcium usage and mitigate a very unwanted phenomenon called LSPI (Low RPM Connecting Rod Knocking).
Magnesium is also widely used in oil formulations for use in heavy diesel vehicles, such as trucks, agricultural vehicles, earthmoving vehicles, etc.
Titanium (Ti) - Found in motor oils in the form of titanium oxide, it has an antioxidant function, reduces wear and friction.
Titanium oxides, chemically interacting with metal surfaces, create an anti-wear layer on it. Therefore, additives based on titanium compounds reduce wear, have anti-seize properties, reduce the coefficient of friction, are highly soluble in oils and are an effective antioxidant. Commonly used by Castrol in their "Titanium" range (although less and less lately)
Wolframium (W) - Also known as Tungsten, It is found in motor oils in the form of an organotungstate, it has an antioxidant function, reduces wear and friction..
Organotusngtate, which chemically interact with metal surfaces, create an anti-wear layer on it. Therefore, additives based on organotungstate compounds reduce wear, have anti-seize properties, reduce the coefficient of friction, are highly soluble in oils, and are an effective antioxidant. Commonly used by Ravenol in its high range and the new range of Liqui Moly Molygen "New Generation"
Note:
It is necessary to differentiate between [B]friction reducer[/B] and [B]friction modifier[/B], it seems the same but it is not.
Phosphorus / Zinc "ZDDP" - Reduces friction and prevents wear by avoiding contact and the parts rubbing against each other (metal vs metal) when there is no longer a hydrodynamic cushion (oil films), hence its use is necessary and mandatory in ALL motor oils.
Boron and Molybdenum - Modifies the friction by softening the friction of the pieces but to a certain extent, creates soft "layers" (like puff pastry) on the surface of the pieces, reduces the coefficient of friction, reduces fuel consumption, noise of the engine and in doses of "horse" it helps the engine to develop its maximum power, but when the friction is excessive this protective layer is insufficient, it does not prevent friction but it minimizes it, once those "layers" are overcome it is where it enters The ZDDP is at stake, hence its use is optional and it is not always present.
TOP VISCOSITIES
The specifications of the different oils have been structured as follows:
Brand and Model + Base Composition
TOP XW-16/20 PAO or GTL or HC
Amsoil Signature Series 0W-20 60% PAO + HC + 13% Ester API SP - ACEA A1/B1 ILSAC GF6 "https://youtu.be/dn_gUbx36kQ"
Amsoil Signature Series 5W-20 60% PAO + HC + 5% Ester API SN - ACEA A1/B1 ILSAC GF5
Amsoil Dominator 5W-20 HC + 60% PAO + 10% Ester
Extreme VR2 0w-20 GTE 70% PAO + 10% Ester API SP - ILSAC GF6 - ACEA C5 "https://youtu.be/OhEgAnnKazQ"
Mobil 1 ESP 0W-20 GTL + 20% PAO + 6% Ester API SN - ACEA A1/B1
Mobil 1 Advanced Fuel Economy 0W-20 40% PAO + HC API SN - ILSAC GF5
Motorex Concept B-XL 0w-20 HC + 20% PAO + 5% Ester ACEA A1/B1
Shell Helix Ultra 0W-20 GTL API SN - ACEA A1/B1 - ILSAC GF5
Shell Helix Ultra AF 5W-20 GTL API SN - ACEA A1/B1 - ILSAC GF5
Xenum Nippon Energy 0W-20 50% PAO + HC API SN - ACEA A1/B1
Motul Hybrid 0W-20 HC + 25% PAO API SN - ILSAC GF5 "https://youtu.be/soGTPVUq7L4"
Motul Eco-lite 0W-20HC + 30% PAO + 3% Ester API SN - ILSAC GF5
Ravenol Eco Synth ECS SAE 0w-2040% PAO + HC API SN RC - ACEA A1/B1 - ILSAC GF5 "https://youtu.be/ixx70RDoOjg"
Ravenol Extra Fuel Economy EFE SAE 0w-16 50% PAO + HC + API SN "https://youtu.be/BbokQZVA6ZI"
Ravenol SFE SAE 5w2050% PAO + HC API SN RC ILSAC GF5 "https://youtu.be/C_5jKDaAXns"
Redline 0W-20 40%-60% Ester + PAO API SN - ACEA A5/B5 ILSAC GF5 "https://youtu.be/xZr8GNzsxNQ"
Redline 5W-20 40%-60% Ester + PAO API SN - ACEA A5/B5 ILSAC GF5
​
TOP 0W-30 PAO + HC or HC + PAO
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Ravenol FES 0w-30 55% PAO + 5% Ester ACEA C2 https://youtu.be/bNPoCP-0VGc
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Texaco Havoline ProDS P 0W-30[/URL][/B] 60% PAO + HC ACEA C2 https://youtu.be/HmfL-XfKmjE
​

So I just want to rant about how "vegans force their opinion on people" meanwhile 2 years ago, my country paid(Market Development Grant?) for this horrendous thing, led by Estonian Food Association, to promote cow milk(because omg panic, people are drinking less milk, so dairy farmers obviously need help from the government). Basically famous Estonian rappers singing about how "dope" milk is and how it has a lot of calcium nshit. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PiWirYde0Qk
And right now, there's another campaign by Estonian Ministry of Rural Affairs that AGAIN our country is paying for, promoting fish. There's ads running on TV and this website https://kalatoidud.ee/ (kalatoidud - fish foods) with recipes, "Fish news" and the slogan is "FISH SOUNDS GREAT"...
So yeah, legit propaganda for animal foods, but "vegans forcing their opinion on people" is what they see. No one even thinks twice about tax money being used to desperately try to get people to drink more milk again. I'm so fucking done.
EDIT: just had to also add the explanation from the fish website about why this campaign was launched. It literally says "It turns out Estonians eat way less fish than other Europeans". Wow yeah better fix that, right?

by Andreas Schuld 9-19-2006 from Rense Website
About the Author .
Andreas Schuld is head of Parents of Fluoride Poisoned Children (PFPC), an organization of parents whose children have been poisoned by excessive fluoride intake. The group includes educators, artists, scientists, journalists and authors, lawyers, researchers and nutritionists. It is active in worldwide efforts to have the toxicity of fluoride properly assessed. For further information, visit their website at www.bruha.com/fluoride.
In 1999 the US Center for Disease Control (CDC) released a glowing report on the fluoridation of public water supplies, citing the procedure as one of the century's great public health successes.1
Ironically, the same report hints that the alleged benefit from fluorides may not be due to ingestion:

"Fluoride's caries-preventive properties initially were attributed to changes in enamel during tooth development because of the association between fluoride and cosmetic changes in enamel and a belief that fluoride incorporated into enamel during tooth development would result in a more acid-resistant mineral."

The CDC report then acknowledges new studies which indicate that the effects are "topical" rather than "systemic."

"However, laboratory and epidemiologic research suggests that fluoride prevents dental caries predominately after eruption of the tooth into the mouth, and its actions primarily are topical for both adults and children."

The obvious question is this: How can the CDC consider the addition of fluoride to public water supplies to be a public health success while admitting at the same time that fluoride's benefits are not "systemic," in other words, are not obtained from drinking it?
The truth, now becoming increasingly evident, is that fluoridation and the proclaimed benefit of fluoride as a way of preventing dental decay is perhaps the greatest "scientific" fraud ever perpetrated upon an unsuspecting public.
Even worse, the relentless promotion of fluoride as a "dental benefit" is responsible for the huge neglect in proper assessment of its toxicity, an issue that has become a major concern for many nations. As there is no substance as biochemically active in the human organism as fluoride, excessive total intake of fluoride compounds might well be contributing to many diseases currently afflicting mankind, particularly those involving thyroid dysfunction. In the United States, most citizens are kept entirely ignorant of any adverse effect that might occur from exposure to fluorides.
Dental fluorosis, the first visible sign that fluoride poisoning has occurred, is declared a mere "cosmetic effect" by the dental profession, although the "biochemical events which result in dental fluorosis are still unknown."2,3,4 The quantity of fluoride needed to prevent caries but avoid dental fluorosis is also unknown.5
What is Fluoride? Fluoride is any combination of elements containing the fluoride ion. In its elemental form, fluorine is a pale yellow, highly toxic and corrosive gas. In nature, fluorine is found combined with minerals as fluorides. It is the most chemically active nonmetallic element of all the elements and also has the most reactive electro-negative ion. Because of this extreme reactivity, fluorine is never found in nature as an uncombined element.
Fluorine is a member of group VIIa of the periodic table. It readily displaces other halogens--such as chlorine, bromine and iodine--from their mineral salts. With hydrogen it forms hydrogen fluoride gas which, in a water solution, becomes hydrofluoric acid.
There was no US commercial production of fluorine before World War II. A requirement for fluorine in the processing of uranium ores, needed for the atomic bomb, prompted its manufacture.6
Fluorine compounds or fluorides are listed by the US Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) as among the top 20 of 275 substances that pose the most significant threat to human health.7 In Australia, the National Pollutant Inventory (NPI) recently considered 400 substances for inclusion on the NPI reporting list. A risk ranking was given based on health and environmental hazard identification and human and environmental exposure to the substance. Some substances were grouped together at the same rank to give a total of 208 ranks. Fluoride compounds were ranked 27th out of the 208 ranks.8
Fluorides, hydrogen fluoride and fluorine have been found in at least 130, 19, and 28 sites, respectively, of 1,334 National Priorities List sites identified by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).9 Consequently, under the provisions of the Superfund Act (CRECLA, 1986), a compilation of information about fluorides, hydrogen fluoride and fluorine and their effects on health was required. This publication appeared in 1993.9
Fluorides are cumulative toxins. The fact that fluorides accumulate in the body is the reason that US law requires the Surgeon General to set a Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) for fluoride content in public water supplies as determined by the EPA. This requirement is specifically aimed at avoiding a condition known as Crippling Skeletal Fluorosis (CSF), a disease thought to progress through three stages. The MCL, designed to prevent only the third and crippling stage of this disease, is set at 4ppm or 4mg per liter. It is assumed that people will retain half of this amount (2mg), and therefore 4mg per liter is deemed "safe." Yet a daily dose of 2-8mg is known to cause the third crippling stage of CSF.10,11
In 1998 EPA scientists, whose job and legal duty it is to set the Maximum Contaminant Level, declared that this 4ppm level was set fraudulently by outside forces in a decision that omitted 90 percent of the data showing the mutagenic properties of fluoride.12
The Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products, 5th Edition (1984) gives lead a toxicity rating of 3 to 4 (3 = moderately toxic, 4 = very toxic) and the EPA has set 0.015 ppm as the MCL for lead in drinking water--with a goal of 0.0ppm. The toxicity rating for fluoride is 4, yet the MCL for fluoride is currently set at 4.0ppm, over 250 times the permissible level for lead.
Water Fluoridation
In 1939 a dentist named H. Trendley Dean, working for the U.S. Public Health Service, examined water from 345 communities in Texas. Dean determined that high concentrations of fluoride in the water in these areas corresponded to a high incidence of mottled teeth. This explained why dentists in the area found mottled teeth in so many of their patients. Dean also claimed that there was a lower incidence of dental cavities in communities having about 1 ppm fluoride in the water supply. Among the native residents of these areas about 10 percent developed the very mildest forms of mottled enamel ("dental fluorosis"), which Dean and others described as "beautiful white teeth."
Dean's report led to the initiation of artificial fluoridation of drinking water at 1part-per-million (ppm) in order to supply the "optimal dose" of 1mg fluoride per day--assuming that drinking four glasses of water every day would duplicate Dean's "optimal" intake for most people. Now, according to the American Dental Association, all people, rich or poor, could have "beautiful white teeth" and be free of caries at the same time. After all, the benefits of water fluoridation had been documented "beyond any doubt."13
When other scientists investigated Dean's data, they did not reach the same conclusions. In fact, Dean had engaged in "selective use of data," using findings from 21 cities that supported his case while completely disregarding data from 272 other locations that did not show a correlation.14 In court cases Dean was forced to admit under oath that his data were invalid.15 In 1957 he had to admit at AMA hearings that even waters containing a mere 0.1ppm (0.1 mg/l) could cause dental fluorosis, the first visible sign of fluoride overdose.16 Moreover, there is not one single double-blind study to indicate that fluoridation is effective in reducing cavities.17
So What's the Truth About Tooth Decay?
The truth is that more and more evidence shows that fluorides and dental fluorosis are actually associated with increased tooth decay. The most comprehensive US review was carried out by the National Institute of Dental Research on 39,000 school children aged 5-17 years.18 It showed no significant differences in terms of DMF (decayed, missing and filled teeth).
What it did show was that high decay cities (66.5-87.5 percent) have 9.34 percent more decay in the children who drink fluoridated water. Furthermore, a 5.4 percent increase in students with decay was observed when 1 ppm fluoride was added to the water supply. Nine fluoridated cities with high decay had 10 percent more decay than nine equivalent non-fluoridated cities.
The world's largest study on dental caries, which looked at 400,000 students, revealed that decay increased 27 percent with a 1ppm fluoride increase in drinking water.19 In Japan, fluoridation caused decay increases of 7 percent in 22,000 students,20 while in the US a decay increase of 43 percent occured in 29,000 students when 1ppm fluoride was added to drinking water.21
Dental Fluorosis: A "Cosmetic" Defect? Dental fluorosis is a condition caused by an excessive intake of fluorides, characterized mainly by mottling of the enamel (which starts as "white spots"), although the bones and virtually every organ might also be affected due to fluoride's known anti-thyroid characteristics. Dental fluorosis can only occur during the stage of enamel formation and is therefore a sign that an overdose of fluoride has occurred in a child during that period.
Dental fluorosis has been described as a subsurface enamel hypomineralization, with porosity of the tooth positively correlated with the degree of fluorosis.22 It is characterized by diffuse opacities and under-mineralized enamel. Although identical enamel defects occur in cases of thyroid dysfunction, the dental profession describes the defect as merely "cosmetic" when it is caused by exposure to fluoride.
What is now becoming apparent is that this "cosmetic" defect actually predisposes to tooth decay. In 1988 Duncan23 stated that hypoplastic defects have a strong potential to become carious. In 1989, Silberman,24 evaluating the same data on Head Start children, wrote that "preliminary data indicate that the presence of primary canine hypoplasia [enamel defects] may result in an increased potential for the tooth becoming carious."
In 1996 Li 25 wrote that children with enamel hypoplasia demonstrated a significantly higher caries experience than those who did not have such defects and, further, that the "presence of enamel hypoplasia may be a predisposing factor for initiation and progression of dental caries, and a predictor of high caries susceptibility in a community." In 1996 Ellwood & O'Mullane26 stated that "developmental enamel defects may be useful markers of caries susceptibility, which should be considered in the risk-benefit assessment for use of fluoride."
Currently up to 80 percent of US children suffer from some degree of dental fluorosis, while in Canada the figure is up to 71 percent. A prevalence of 80.9 percent was reported in children 12-14 years old in Augusta, Georgia, the highest prevalence yet reported in an "optimally" fluoridated community in the United States. Moderate-to-severe fluorosis was found in 14 percent of the children.27
Before the push for fluoridation began, the dental profession recognized that fluorides were not beneficial but detrimental to dental health. In 1944, the Journal of the American Dental Association reported: "With 1.6 to 4 ppm fluoride in the water, 50 percent or more past age 24 have false teeth because of fluoride damage to their own."28
The Wonder Nutrient? On countless internet sites, fluoride is proclaimed as the "wonder nutrient," the "deficiency" symptom being increased dental caries.29 It boggles the mind that a cumulative toxin and toxic waste product can be described a "nutrient." Nevertheless, such claims are repeatedly made by pro-fluoridationists.30
On March 16, 1979, the FDA deleted paragraphs 105.3(c) and 105.85(d)(4) of Federal Register documents which had classified fluorine, among other substances, as "essential" or "probably essential." Since that time, nowhere in the Federal Regulations is fluoride classified as "essential" or "probably essential." These deletions were the immediate result of 1978 Court deliberations.31 No essential function for fluoride has ever been proven in humans.32,33,34,35,36
"Nature Thought of It First"
A popular slogan employed by the ADA and other pro-fluoridation organizations is, "Nature thought of it first!" The slogan creates the impression that the fluoridation compounds used in water fluoridation are the same as those discovered many years ago in the water in some areas of the US.37 The fluoride compound in "naturally" fluoridated waters is calcium fluoride. Sodium fluoride, a common fluoridation agent, dissolves easily in water, but calcium fluoride does not.9
Animal studies performed by Kick and others in 1935 revealed that sodium fluoride was much more toxic than calcium fluoride.38 Even worse, toxicity was recorded for hydrofluorosilicic acid, the compound now used in over 90 percent of fluoridation programs, Hydrofluorosilicic acid is a direct byproduct of pollution scrubbers used in the phosphate fertilizer and aluminum industries. Our government adds it to water supplies even though it is also involved in getting rid of its own stockpile of fluoride compounds left over from years and years of stockpiling fluorides for use in the process of refining uranium for nuclear power and weapons.39
In the Kick study, less than 2 percent of calcium fluoride was absorbed and this was excreted quantitatively in the urine. But even calcium fluoride is not benign. As the animals given calcium fluoride also developed mottled teeth, it was clear that such compounds could produce changes on the teeth merely by passing through the body, and not by being "stored in a tooth" or anywhere else. No calcium fluoride was retained.
In 1946 Samuel Chase, one of the authors of the Kick study, became president of the International Association for Dental Research (IADR). This organization promoted the idea that only the fluoride ion in the various fluoridation compounds was of importance. Yet he well knew that sodium fluoride did not behave like calcium fluoride. Unlike calcium fluoride, sodium fluoride was retained in great amounts in the body and was very toxic. Rock phosphate and hydro-fluorosilicic acid experiments yielded the same information.
New areas with "natural" fluoride are appearing all over the world, as now all areas not "artificially" fluoridated are considered "natural." The problem is that this "natural" fluoride is the result of direct water and soil contamination from petrochemical land treatment, uncontrolled fertilizer use, pesticide applications, ground water contamination from industrial waste sites, rocket fuel "burial grounds," and so forth. Suddenly we have "natural" fluorides showing up in areas previously deemed "fluoride deficient"!
Total Intake
It is well established that it is TOTAL fluoride intake from ALL sources which must be considered for any adverse health effect evaluation.40,41,42 This includes intake by ingestion, inhalation and absorption through the skin. In 1971, the World Health Organization (WHO) stated:

"In the assessment of the safety of a water supply with respect to the fluoride concentration, the total daily fluoride intake by the individual must be considered."41

Exposure to airborne fluorides from many diverse manufacturing processes--pesticide applications, phosphate fertilizer production, aluminum smelting, uranium enrichment facilities, coal-burning and nuclear power plants, incinerators, glass etching, petroleum refining and vehicle emissions--can be considerable.
In addition, many people consume fluorine-based medications such as Prozac, which greatly adds to fluoride's anti-thyroid effects. ALL fluoride compounds--organic and inorganic--have been shown to exert anti-thyroid effects, often potentiating fluoride effects many fold.43
Household exposures to fluorides can occur with the use of Teflon pans, fluorine-based products, insecticides sprays and even residual airborne fluorides from fluoridated drinking water. Decision-makers at 3M Corporation recently announced a phase-out of Scotchgard products after discovering that the product's primary ingredient--a fluorinated compound called perfluorooctanyl sulfonate (PFOS)--was found in all tested blood bank examinations.44 3M's research showed that the substance had strong tendencies to persist and bio-accumulate in animal and human tissue.
In 1991 the US Public Health Service issued a report stating that the range in total daily fluoride intake from water, dental products, beverages and food items exceeded 6.5 milligrams daily.42 Thus, the total intake from those sources alone already greatly exceeds the levels known to cause the third stage of skeletal fluorosis.
Besides fluoridated water and toothpaste, many foods contain high levels of flouride compounds due to pesticide applications. One of the worse offenders is grapes.45 Grape juice was found to contain more than 6.8 ppm fluoride. The EPA estimates total fluoride intake from pesticide residues on food and fluoridated drinking water alone to be 0.095 mg/kg/day, meaning a person weighing 70 kg takes in more than 6.65 mg per day.45b Soy infant formula is high in both fluoride and aluminum, far surpassing the "optimal" dose46,47 and has been shown to be a risk factor in dental fluorosis.48
Tea
In their drive to fluoridate the public water supplies, dental health officials continue to pretend that no other sources of fluoride exist. This notion becomes absurd when one looks at the fluoride content in tea. Tea is very high in fluoride because tea leaves accumulate more fluoride (from pollution of soil and air) than any other edible plant.49,50,51 It is well established that fluoride in tea gets absorbed by the body in a manner similar to the fluoride in drinking water.49,52
Fluoride content in tea has risen dramatically over the last 20 years due to industry contamination. Recent analyses have revealed a fluoride content of 17.25 mg per teabag or cup in black tea, and a whopping 22 mg of soluble fluoride ions per teabag or cup in green tea. Aluminum content was also high--over 8 mg. Normal steeping time is five minutes. The longer a tea bag steeped, the more fluoride and aluminum were released. After ten minutes, the measurable amounts of fluoride and aluminum almost doubled.53
A website by a pro-fluoridation infant medical group states that a cup of black tea contains 7.8 mgs of fluoride54 which is the equivalent amount of fluoride from 7.8 liters of water in an area fluoridated at 1ppm. Some British and African studies from the 1990s showed a daily fluoride intake of between 5.8 mgs and 9 mgs a day from tea alone.55, 56, 57 Tea has been found to be a primary cause of dental fluorosis in many international studies.58-70
In Britain, over three-quarters of the population over the age of ten years consumes three cups of tea per day.71Yet the UK government and the British Dental Association are currently contemplating fluoridation of public water supplies! In Ireland, average tea consumption is four cups per day and the drinking water is heavily fluoridated.
Next to water, tea is the most widely consumed beverage in the world. Tea can be found in almost 80 percent of all US households and on any given day, nearly 127 million people--half of all Americans--drink tea.71
The high content of both aluminum and fluoride in tea is cause for great concern as aluminum greatly potentiates fluoride's effects on G protein activation,72 the on/off switches involved in cell communication and of absolute necessity in thyroid hormone function and regulation.
Fluoride and the Thyroid The recent re-discovery of hundreds of papers dealing with the use of fluorides in effective anti-thyroid medication poses many questions demanding answers.73,74 The enamel defects observed in hypothyroidism are identical to "dental fluorosis." Endemic fluorosis areas have been shown to be the same as those affected with iodine deficiency, considered to be the world's single most important and preventable cause of mental retardation,75 affecting 740 million people a year.
Iodine deficiency causes brain disorders, cretinism, miscarriages and goiter, among many other diseases. Synthroid, the drug most commonly prescribed for hypothyroidism, became the top selling drug in the US in 1999, according to Scott-Levin's Source Prescription Audit, clearly indicating that hypothyroidism is a major health problem. Many more millions are thought to have undiagnosed thyroid problems.
Environment
Every year hundreds and thousands of tons of fluorides are emitted by industry. Industrial emissions of fluoride compounds produce elevated concentrations in the atmosphere. Hydrogen fluoride can exist as a particle, dissolving in clouds, fog, rain, dew, or snow. In clouds and moist air it will travel along the air currents until it is deposited as wet acid deposition (acid rain, acid fog, etc.) In waterways it readily mixes with water.
Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), emitted by the electric power industry, is now among six greenhouse gases specifically targeted by the international community, through the Kyoto protocol, for emission reductions to control global warming. The others are carbon dioxide, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), methane and nitrous oxide (N2O).
SF6 is about 23,900 times more destructive, pound for pound, than carbon dioxide over the course of 100 years. EPA estimates that some seven-million metric tons of carbon equivalent (MMTCE) escaped from electric power systems in 1996 alone. The concentration of SF6 in the atmosphere has reportedly increased by two orders of magnitude since 1970. Atmospheric models have indicated that the lifetime of an SF6 molecule in the atmosphere may be over 3000 years.76
The ever-increasing fluoride levels in food, water and air pose a great threat to human health and to the environment as evidenced by the endemic of fluorosis worldwide. It is of utmost urgency that public health officials cease promoting fluoride as beneficial to our health and address instead the issue of its toxicity.
REFERENCES (All web addresses were visited before Fall, 2000)

1. CDC: "Achievements in Public Health, 1900-1999 - Fluoridation of Drinking Water to Prevent Dental Caries" MMWR 48(41);933-940 (1999), http://www.cdc.gov/epo/mmwpreview/mmwrhtml/mm4841a1.htm
2. Gerlach RF, de Souza AP, Cury JA, Line SR - "Fluoride effect on the activity of enamel matrix proteinases in vitro" Eur J Oral Sci 108(1):48-53 (2000)
3. Limeback H - "Enamel formation and the effects of fluoride" Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 22(3):144-7
4. Wright JT, Chen SC, Hall KI, Yamauchi M, Bawden JW - "Protein characterization of fluorosed human enamel." Dent Res 75(12):1936-41 (1996)
5. Shulman JD, Lalumandier JA, Grabenstein JD -"The average daily dose of fluoride: a model based on fluid consumption" Pediatr Dent 17(1):13-8 (1995)
6. The Columbia Encyclopedia: Sixth Edition (2000), http://www.bartleby.com/65/fl/fluorine.html
7. Phosphoric Acid Waste Dialogue,Report on Phosphoric Wastes Dialogue Committee, Activities and Recommendations, September 1995; Southeast Negotiation Network, Prepared by Gregory Borne for EPA stakeholders review
8. Government of Australia, National Pollutant Inventory, http://www.environment.gov.au/epg/npi/contextual\_info/context/fluoride.html
9. ATSDUSPHS - "Toxicological Profile for Fluorides, Hydrogen Fluoride and Fluorine (F)" CAS# 16984-48-8, 7664-39-3, 7782-41-4 (1993), http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/tfacts11.html
10. Health Effects of Ingested Fluoride, Subcommittee on Health Effects of Ingested Fluoride, Committee on Toxicology, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Commission on Life Sciences, National Research Council, August 1993, p.59
11. World Health Organization - Fluorides and Human Health, p. 239 (1970)
12. Carton RJ, Hirzy JW - "Applying the NAEP code of ethics to the Environmental Protection Agency and the fluoride in drinking water standard" Proceedings of the 23rd Ann. Conf. of the National Association of Environmental Professionals. 20-24 June, 1998. GEN 51-61, http://rvi.net/fluoride/naep.htm
13. American Dental Association, http://www.ada.org/consumefluoride/facts/benefits.html#2
14. J.Colquhoun, Chief Dental Officer, NZ, International Symposium on Fluoridation, Porte Alegre, Brazil, September 1988
15. Proceedings, City of Orville Vs. Public Utilities Commission of the State of Carlifornia, Orville, CA, October 20-21 (1955)
16. AMA Council Hearing, Chicago, August 7, 1957
17. NTEU - "Why EPA's Headquarters Union of Scientists Opposes Fluoridation, " Prepared on behalf of the National Treasury Employees Union Chapter 280 by Chapter Senior Vice-President J. William Hirzy, Ph.D. , http://www.bruha.com/fluoride/html/nteu\_paper.htm, http://www.cadvision.com/fluoride/epa2.htm
18. Yiamouyannis, J - "Water fluoridation and tooth decay: Results from the 1986-1987 national survey of U.S. school children" Fluoride 23:55-67 (1990). Data also analyzed by Gerard Judd, Ph.D., in:Judd G - "Good Teeth Birth To Death", Research Publications, Glendale Arizona (1997), EPA Research #2 (1994)
19. Teotia SPS, Teotia M -"Dental Caries: A Disorder of High Fluoride And Low Dietary Calcium Interactions (30 years of Personal Research), Fluoride, 1994 27:59-66 (1994)
20. Imai Y - "Study of the relationship between fluorine ions in drinking water and dental caries in Japan". Koku Eisei Gakkai Zasshi 22(2):144-96 (1972)
21. Steelink, Cornelius, PhD, U of AZ Chem Department, in: Chem and Eng News, Jan 27, 1992, p.2; Sci News March 5, 1994, p.159
22. Giambro NJ, Prostak K, Denbesten PK - "Characterization Of Fluorosed Human Enamel By Color Reflectance, Ultrastructure, And Elemental Composition" Fluoride 28:4, 216 (1995) also Caries Research 29 (4) 251-257 (1995)
23. Duncan WK, Silberman SL, Trubman A - "Labial hypoplasia of primary canines in black Head Start children" ASDC J Dent Child 55(6):423-6 (1988)
24. Silberman SL, Duncan WK, Trubman A, Meydrech EF - "Primary canine hypoplasia in Head Start children" J Public Health Dent 49(1):15-8 (1989)
25. Li Y, Navia JM, Bian JY -""Caries experience in deciduous dentition of rural Chinese children 3-5 years old in relation to the presence or absence of enamel hypoplasia" Caries Res 30(1):8-15 (1996)
26. Ellwood RP, O'Mullane D - "The association between developmental enamel defects and caries in populations with and without fluoride in their drinking water" J Public Health Dent 56(2):76-80(1996)
27. Health Effects of Ingested Fluoride, Subcommittee on Health Effects of Ingested Fluoride, Committee on Toxicology, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Commission on LifeSciences, National Research Council, August 1993 p 47-48
28. "The Effect of Fluorine On Dental Caries" Journal American Dental Association 31:1360 (1944)
29. Examples: http://ificinfo.health.org/insight/septoct97/flouride.htm; http://www.wvda.org/nutrient/fluoride.html
30. Barrett S, Rovin S (Eds) -"The Tooth Robbers: a Pro-Fluoridation Handbook" George F Stickley Co, Philadelphia pp 44-65 (1980)
31. Federal Register, 3/16/79, page 16006
32. Federal Register: December 28, 1995 (Volume 60, Number 249)] Rules and Regulations , Page 67163-67175 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Food and Drug Administration, 21 CFR Part 101 Docket No. 90N-0134, RIN 0910-AA19
33. The Report of the Department of Health and Social Subjects, No. 41, Dietary Reference Values, Chapter 36 on fluoride (HMSO 1996). "No essential function for fluoride has been proven in humans."
34. "Is Fluoride an Essential Element?" Fluorides, Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences, 66-68 (1971)
35. Richard Maurer and Harry Day, "The Non-Essentiality of Fluorine in Nutrition," Journal of Nutrition, 62: 61-57(1957)
36. "Applied Chemistry", Second Edition, by Prof. William R. Stine, Chapter 19 (see pp. 413 & 416) Allyn and Bacon, Inc, publishers. "Fluoride has not been shown to be required for normal growth or reproduction in animals or humans consuming an otherwise adequate diet, nor for any specific biological function or mechanism."
37. National Center for Fluoridation Policy & Research (NCFPR) http://fluoride.oralhealth.org/
38. Kick CH, Bethke RM, Edgington BH, Wilder OHM, Record PR, Wilder W, Hill TJ, Chase SW - "Fluorine in Animal Nutrition" Bulletin 558, US Agricultural Experiment Station, Wooster, Ohio (1935)
39. US MINERALS/COMMODITIES DATABASE http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/fluorspa280396.txt
40. "The problem of providing optimum fluoride intake for prevention of dental caries" - Food and Nutrition Board, Division of Biology and Agriculture, National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council, Pub.#294, (1953) ".. a person drinking fluoridated water may be assumed to ingest only about 1 milligram per day from this source ... the development of mottled enamel is, however, a potential hazard of adding fluorides to food. The total daily intake of fluoride is the critical quantity."
41. World Health Organization, International Drinking Water Standards, 1971."In the assessment of the safety of a water supply with respect to the fluoride concentration, the total daily fluoride intake by the individual must be considered. Apart from variations in climatic conditions, it is well known that in certain areas, fluoride containing foods form an important part of the diet. The facts should be borne in mind in deciding the concentration of fluoride to be permitted in drinking water."
42. Review of Fluoride Benefits and Risks, Department of Health and Human Services, p.45 (1991)
43. 200 papers to be posted at: http://www.bruha.com/fluoride
44. Washington Post - "3M to pare Scotchgard products," May 16, 2000 http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A15648-2000May16.html
45. (a) FLUORIDE IN FOOD http://www.bruha.com/fluoride/html/f-\_in\_food.htm; (b) Federal Register: August 7, 1997 (Volume 62, Number 152), Notices, Page 42546-42551
46. Silva M, Reynolds EC - "Fluoride content of infant formulae in Australia" Aust Dent J 41(1):37-42 (1996)
47. Dabeka RW, McKenzie AD -"Lead, cadmium, and fluoride levels in market milk and infant formulas in Canada." J Assoc Off Anal Chem 70(4):754-7 (1987)
48. Pendrys DG, Katz RV, Morse DE - "Risk factors for enamel fluorosis in a fluoridated population" Am J Epidemiol 140(5):461-71(1994)
49. Meiers, P. - "Zur Toxizität von Fluorverbindungen, mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Onkogenese", Verlag für Medizin Dr. Ewald Fischer, Heidelberg (1984)
50. Waldbott, GL; Burgstahler, AW; McKinney, HL - "Fluoridation:The Great Dilemma" Coronado Press (1978)
51. Srebnik-Friszman, S; Van der Miynsbrugge, F.-"Teneur en Fluor de quelques thØs prØlevØs sur le MarchØ et de leurs Infusions" Arch Belg Med Soc Hyg Med Trav Med Leg 33:551-556 (1976)
52. Rüh K - "Resorbierbarkeit und Retention von in Mineralwässern und Erfrischungsgetränken enthaltenem Fluorid bei Mensch und Laboratoriumsratte" Diss. Würzburg (1968)
53. Analyses conducted by Parents of Fluoride Poisoned Children (PFPC) at Gov't -approved labs. Contact: pfpc@istar.ca
54. BabyCenter Editorial Team w/ Medical Advisory Board (http://www.babycenter.com/refcap/674.html#3)
55. Jenkins GN - "Fluoride intake and its safety among heavy tea drinkers in a British fluoridated city" Proc Finn Dent Soc 87(4):571-9 (1991) Department of Oral Biology, Dental School, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
56. Opinya GN, Bwibo N, Valderhaug J, Birkeland JM, Lokken P - "Intake of fluoride and excretion in mothers' milk in a high fluoride (9ppm) area in Kenya" Eur J Clin Nutr 45(1):37-41 (1991) Department of Dental Surgery, University of Nairobi, Kenya
57. Diouf A, Sy FO, Niane B, Ba D, Ciss M - "Dietary intake of fluorine through of tea prepared by the traditional method in Senegal" Dakar Med 39(2):227-30 (1994)
58. Cao J, Zhao Y, Liu J - "Brick tea consumption as the cause of dental fluorosis among children from Mongol, Kazak and Yugu populations in China" Food Chem Toxicol 35(8):827-33 (1997)
59. Cao J, Bai X, Zhao Y, Liu J, Zhou D, Fang S, Jia M, Wu J - "The relationship of fluorosis and brick tea drinking in Chinese Tibetans" Environ Health Perspect 1996 Dec;104(12):1340-3 (1996)
60. Sergio Gomez S, Weber A, Torres C - "Fluoride content of tea and amount ingested by children" Odontol Chil 37(2):251-5 (1989)
61. Cao J, Zhao Y, Liu JW - "Safety evaluation and fluorine concentration of Pu'er brick tea and Bianxiao brick tea" Food Chem Toxicol 36(12):1061-3(1998)
62. Wang LF, Huang JZ- "Outline of control practice of endemic fluorosis in China."Soc Sci Med 41(8):1191-5 (1995)
63. Olsson B -"Dental caries and fluorosis in Arussi province, Ethiopia" Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 6(6):338-43 (1978)
64. Diouf A, Sy FO, Niane B, Ba D, Ciss M - "Dietary intake of fluorine through use of tea prepared by the traditional method in Senegal" DakarMed 39(2):227-30 (1994)
65. Fraysse C, Bilbeissi MW, Mitre D, Kerebel B - "The role of tea consumption in dental fluorosis in Jordan" Bull Group Int Rech Sci Stomatol Odontol 32(1):39-46 (1989)
66. Fraysse C, Bilbeissi W, Benamghar L, Kerebel B- "Comparison of the dental health status of 8 to 14-year-old children in France and in Jordan, a country of endemic fluorosis."Bull Group Int Rech Sci Stomatol Odontol 32(3):169-75 (1989)
67. Villa AE, Guerrero S - "Caries experience and fluorosis prevalence in Chilean children from different socio-economic status."Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 24(3):225-7 (1996)
68. Chan J.T.; Yip, T.T.; Jeske, A.H. - "The role of caffeinated beverages in dental fluorosis" Med Hypotheses 33(1):21-2 (1990)
69. Mann J, Sgan-Cohen HD, Dakuar A, Gedalia I - "Tea drinking, caries prevalence, and fluorosis among northern Israeli Arab youth."Clin Prev Dent 7(6):23-6 (1985)
70. Schmidt, C.W.; Leuschke, W. - "Fluoride content of deciduous teeth after regular intake of black tea" Dtsch Stomatol 40(10):441 (1990)
71. Press Releases/Market Figures - Tea Council http://www.stashtea.com/tt060595.htm
72. Struneckß, A; Patocka, J - "Aluminofluoride complexes: new phosphate analogues for laboratory investigations and potential danger for living organisms" Charles University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Physiology and Developmental Physiology, Prague/Department of Toxicology, Purkynì Military Medical Academy, Hradec KrßlovØ, Czech Republic http://www.cadvision.com/fluoride/brain3.htm
73. History: Fluoride - Iodine Antagonism http://bruha.com/pfpc/html/thyroid\_history.html
74. Fluorides - Anti-thyroid Medication http://bruha.com/pfpc/html/thyroid\_page.html
75. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION PRESS RELEASE, May 25,1999 Iodine Deficiency
76. Miller AE, Miller TM, Viggiano AA, Morris RA, Vazn Doren JM - "Negative Ion Chemistry of SF sub 4" Journal of Chemical Physics 102(22):8865-8873 (1995)

Symptoms of Fluoride Poisoning

· Black tarry stools · Bloody vomit · Faintness · Nausea and vomiting · Shallow breathing · Stomach cramps or pain · Tremors · Unusual excitement · Unusual increase in saliva · Watery eyes · Weakness · Constipation · Loss of appetite · Pain and aching of bones · Skin rash · Sores in the mouth and on the lips · Stiffness · Weight loss · White, brown or black discoloration of teeth

Long Term Effects of Fluoride

· Accelerated aging · Immune system dysfunction · Compromised collagen synthesis · Cartilage problems · Bony outgrowths in the spine · Joint "lock-up"

G Proteins

Signals or communications from one cell to another, and from the outside of the cell to the inside, are made possible by the action of special proteins called "G" proteins, which are found in all animal life, including yeasts. G proteins are so called because they bind to guanine nucleotides, a major component of DNA and RNA. G proteins mediate the actions of neurotransmitters, peptide hormones, odorants and light. In other words, G proteins make it possible for our nervous systems to function properly and, in particular, allow for night vision and the sense of smell.

All thyroid function is mediated by G-protein activity. Both aluminum and fluoride interfere with the activation of G proteins. Thyrotropin, the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), is considered the natural G-protein activator. Its action is mimicked by fluoride and vastly potentiated by the presence of aluminum. Pharmacologists estimate that up to 60 percent of all medicines used today exert their effects through G-protein signaling pathways. Vitamin A from cod liver oil has been used successfully to bypass blocked G-protein pathways due to vaccination damage. (See Autism and Vaccinations.)
Myristic acid, a saturated fatty acid having 14 carbons, plays an important roll in G-protein function as these signaling proteins require myristic acid added to one end of the protein. (See Kidney Fats.) Thus, diets deficient in vitamin A and saturated fats can be expected to contribute to nervous disorders and vision problems.

The TV panel show QI holds a special place for me as it played an important role in allowing me to understand the nature of this reality. A show dedicated to "obscure facts" being produced by the BBC, an agency of the British government, was what exposed how everyone is lying to you. For those of you who are allergic to reading (bless you!), there are video links at the bottom of each section.
What these clips collectively reveal is that the retcon changes have been known about for a long while. The first episode to cover-up a change aired on October 2nd, 2003. For each, I will be including enough dialog to give context but for many, the cover-up is very-subtlety injected into the conversation without prompting nor explanation. That is, introduced for no purpose other than re-enforce the 'now' version of retcon changes.

Canadian Dry

Stephen What was the unforgettable slogan that the playwright Brendan Beehan devised to advertise Guinness? Alan "It's good for you."
(Forfeit: Klaxons sound. Viewscreens flash the sentence, "GUINNESS IS GOOD FOR YOU".)
Stephen Oh, dear! Obvious, and wrong. I'm sorry about that. Minus ten to Alan. Alan I'm going to get a couple of cats named Obvious and Wrong. Stephen No, he didn't devise that. There's a story of Brendan Beehan in Canada. Do you know this? He was on Canadian television and drunk as he always was and they said, [Canadian accent] "So, what brings you to Canada, Mr. Beehan?" and he said, [Irish accent] "Well, now. I was in a bar in Dublin and they had one of those coasters and it said on it, 'Drink Canada Dry' so I thought I'd give it a shot." which is rather pleasing.

• S01 E05 "Advertising" [watch online]

Delilah & Samson's hair

Stephen Who cut off Samson's hair in the Bible? Alan Delilah.
(Forfeit: Klaxons sound. Viewscreens flash the word "DELILAH".)
Stephen No, no, she didn't, not in the Bible. know about this, because it's an old American con trick. You get a couple of American con artists. One would go into a bar and get drunk, or appear to get very drunk, and be rather obnoxious, and his partner would come in, and across the bar they would just start having this discussion and the more sober one would say something about having had his hair cut, like, you know, "I feel like Samson having his hair cut off by Delilah." And the drunk one would say, "What do you mean Delilah?" He says, "In the Bible, you know, Delilah cuts off Samson's hair." "It doesn't say Delilah cut off Samson's hair." Anyway, he starts getting a bet. He says, "I bet you $10,000 it doesn't say it." and everyone's so pissed off by this extremely annoying drunk, that they join in the bet. And in the Bible it reveals that Delilah calls for a servant to cut off Samson's hair.

• S01 E09 Africa [watch online]

Two of Every Animal

[editor's note: For a staunchly secular show, they certainly bring up religion alot.]
Stephen How many sheep were there on Noah's ark? Alan Two.
(Forfeit: Klaxons sound. Viewscreens flash the word "TWO".)
Alan There were two of everyone. They went in two-by-two, even my nephew knows that. Stephen No, it's a common mistake. People haven't read the Bible much these days, but I can read to you from Genesis, Chapter 7. "And the LORD said unto Noah, Come thou and all thy house into the ark; for thee have I seen righteous before me in this generation. Of every clean beast, thou shalt take to thee by sevens, the male and his female: and of beasts that are not clean by two, the male and his female. Of fowls of the air by sevens, the male and the female; to keep seed alive upon the face of all the earth."

• S03 E01 Campanology [watch online]

Never-Emperor Caesar

Stephen Staying with the "c's" of ancient Rome, there were seven Roman emperors who bore the name Caesar, not counting Julius, who started the whole thing, but, of course, wasn't himself an emperor. We all know what he did: he came, he saw, he conquered. But what did Nero do? Jo Fiddled while Rome burned.
(Forfeit: Klaxons sound. Viewscreens flash the phrase "FIDDLED WHILE ROME BURNED.")
Stephen Oh, Jo, he didn't fiddle while Rome burned.

• S03 E05 Cat's Eyes [watch online]

Hitler's Eye Color

[editor's note: This one is especially obvious and thus, telling.]
Stephen Talking of those strange women on Desert Island Discs, did you ever hear Diana Mosley? Ronni Now she liked a bit of Wagner. Stephen She did like Wagner, but she liked Hitler and met him many times. She said, [as Mosley] "Well, what people don’t understand is how funny he was. He was very funny. You know, his eyes were quite blue. Oh, yes. Oh, yes, they were quite blue." Ronni It makes it all alright, doesn’t it, really? Stephen "Quite blue. Once seen, never forgotten." Well, that’s all right, then! Diana Mosley was a Mitford girl, of course, and then married Oswald Mosley, the fascist. I met her and she said to me, "Of course, you never knew Hitler, did you?" [laughs] What an extraordinary thing to say!

• S04 E04 Dictionaries [watch online]

Spelling of 'Stalagtite'

Stephen And the ones that go up are called? Alan Stalagmites. They've got a "G" in 'cause they’re in the ground. Stalactites are in the ceiling. Stephen I was always taught "tights hang down" was the thing.

• S04 E04 Dictionaries [watch online]

No. Trips to the Moon

Stephen You can get some points back if you know how many humans have walked on the moon. Alan and Dara Twelve. Stephen Absolutely. You both said it simultaneously and you both get five points. Apparently it smells of gunpowder. Lots of moon dust came back, in the module, back to Earth, and, er, it's that mixture of silicon and iron and magnesium and calcium that marks out Special K, amongst other things, I think, but, er, is also present in moon dust.

• S04 E07 Differences [watch online]

The Creation of Adam

Stephen Who painted this behind me? Talking of Italian art.
(Viewscreens: Picture of a close-up on the hands of Michelangelo's Creation of Adam.)
Jo Michelangelo.
(Forfeit: Klaxons sound. Viewscreens flash the word "MICHELANGELO", in gothic lettering.)
Stephen Oh! No no. Alan The fingers are wrong. They're wrong. Did he not do the fingers? Stephen The Sistine Chapel is what we're looking at, of course, and he painted it round about 1511, Michelangelo. Only about forty years later, God and Adam's fingers fell off, so the new plaster was put in and an unknown papal restorer actually painted them, so those bits are not by Michelangelo.

• S04 E13 December [watch online]

German National Anthem

[editor's note: This isn't a change I knew about but how it's presented seems like an obvious cover-up.]
Stephen Audience, what are the first words of the German national anthem? [raises his arm to conduct it in]
(The German national anthem is played over speakers.)
Audience [singing] Deutschland, Deutschland über alles...
(Forfeit: Klaxons sound. Viewscreens flash the words "DEUTSCHLAND UBER ALLES".)
Stephen No, ladies and gentlemen, you are wrong! And as there's so many of you. Alan You idiots! Stephen They thought it was "Deutschland, Deutschland über alles". Alan I didn't! Stephen No. You know what it is, don't you? Alan Nope! I thought it was that.

• S05 E05 Europe [watch online]

It's Alan Davis!

I've saved my favorite for last. Alan in all these above quotes is Alan Davis. Rewind any video I've linked above to about a minute in and you'll hear the host introducing him the same way every time: It's Alan Davis! It's Alan Davis! It's Alan Davis! It's... Alan Davis!
So imagine my surprise when I got to S04E11, Denial, and in a format one-off, he was introduced by the audience as.. Alan Davies! His name was even spelled out that way! The name of the only constant member of panel also changed. To add woo to weird (like salt to a wound), if you watch the clip it sounds like half the audience is saying "Davis" while the other half says "Davies".
We will end with a direct quote from Alan himself: I bought a CD the other day by someone called Alana Davis just because it looked a bit like my name. Isn't that pathetic? - S01E10, Aviation

1. Tetra dental snacks illustrated what a dog's breath really looks like. "Bad Dog Breath?" (Germany, 2009)
2. Mouthwash brand Listermint used a priest with bad breath to show how important a clean mouth is. "Sermon." (Australia, 2008)
3. The makers of Softlan fabric softener must have asked themselves, what would wrestling be like if it smelled great? "Wrestling." (Malaysia, 2009)
4. Faber-Castell's colored pencils are so true to life you won't be able to tell the difference. "True Colours." (Germany, 2011).
5. Glassex window cleaner's glass is supposedly so clean it'll look like an illusion. "Magician." (Italy, 2006)
6. Italian carmaker Fiat took a city family to the country, using the slogan, "We should all get out of the city from time to time." "Squirrel" (Spain, 2006)
7. Chupa Chups advertised its sugar-free lollipops by using those universal sugar-lovers, ants. "Ants" (Spain, 2005)
8. Heinz hot ketchup's sizzling fry speaks for itself. Untitled. (USA, 2005)
9. Volkswagen, known for its unique advertising, dressed a mountain goat (an off-road animal) like a poodle (a city animal) to show its cars could have the best of both worlds. "Touareg. The luxury off-road." (Brazil, 2009)
10. Sedex, the supply chain company, used extreme illustrations like this one to prove its speed. "Trust us. We deliver it fast." (Brazil, 2009)
11. WMF, the German tableware maker, used two magazine pages to show how sharp its knives were. (Thailand, 2008)
12. Lazer bike helmets are so good, according to this ad, that your head won't be in any danger. Untitled. (Belgium, 2008)
13. FedEx, like DHL, wanted a clever way to show it could ship around the world, so it ran with the idea of neighbors. Untitled. (Brazil, 2010)
14. Apple's 2007 MacBook Pro was thinner than most laptops in its day, making this magazine ad almost (but not quite) true to life. Untitled. (USA, 2007)
15. In another ad from Bose advertising their noise-canceling headphones, the world is guaranteed to be as quiet as a family of mimes. Untitled. (Singapore, 2009)
16. DHL used a clear plastic sheet in its magazine advertisements to illustrate how quickly it ships across Asia. Untitled. (China, 2007)
17. Eurostar advertised its rail service between Paris and London with unique British caricatures. "It's Summertime in London." (France, 2007)
18. Timotei hair products proved that it could even tame a lion's mane. Untitled. (France, 2005)
19. Kraft took the power of strong bones to the extreme with a broken mousetrap. "With extra calcium for stronger bones." (United Arab Emirates, 2007)
20. The Van Gogh Museum Cafe in Amsterdam used a broken coffee cup to allude to the tortured Dutch artist cutting off his own ear in a subtle ad aimed at art lovers. Untitled. (Netherlands, 2013)
21. Orbit used crying animals to advertise its chewing gum. "Don't let lunch meet breakfast." (Israel, 2012)
22. McDonald's magazine ad for extra-large coffee was too big to fit on two pages, aside from some ring stains on the corners. "Extra large coffee." (Sweden, 2008)
23. Bose took noise-cancellation to a new level when it highlighted the sound quality of their headphones over their look. Untitled. (New Zealand, 2006)
24. Soap brand Life Buoy's unconventional ad turned a pug into a loaf of bread to stress the importance of using soap. "You eat what you touch." (Indonesia, 2009)

Link to article

Clue: Kit-kat https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kit_Kat "Kit Kat is a chocolate-covered wafer bar confection created by Rowntree's of York, England." Click on Rowntree's: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rowntree%27s : "Rowntree was an English confectionery business based in York. Rowntree developed the Kit Kat (introduced in 1935), Aero (introduced in 1935) and Smarties (introduced in 1937) brands, and the Rolo and Quality Street brands when it merged with Mackintosh's in 1969.Founded in 1862, the company developed strong associations with Quaker philanthropy.
Quaker philanthropy ?? Kity-kat's ?? and there is a mandela effect also in the "Rolo" (use to be "Rolo's". 2 mandela effects (I am not sure but i think smarties also have changed). And we have a very probable mandela effect about the brand.."Quaker" (!!!) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jur3nRqup8k
Notice: "Quaker Oatmeal" ("Oatmeal is made of hulled oat grains – groats – that have either been ground, steel-cut, or rolled." "Oatmeal has a long history in Scottish culinary tradition because oats are better suited than wheat to the country's low temperatures and high humidity. As a result, oats became the staple grain of Scotland. Samuel Johnson referred, disparagingly, to this in his dictionary definition for oats: "A grain, which in England is generally given to horses, but in Scotland supports the people."
"in 1965, a new advertising slogan was introduced: "Nothing is better for thee, than me"
So..let's clik on Quaker...: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quakers
"Quakers (or Friends) are members of a historically Christian group of religious movements generally known as the Religious Society of Friends.[2][3] Members of the various Quaker movements are all generally united in a belief in the ability of each human being to experientially access "that of God in every person," and therefore they profess the priesthood of all believers,[4][5] a doctrine derived from the First Epistle of Peter.[6][7] They include those with evangelical, holiness, liberal, and traditional Quaker understandings of Christianity. To differing extents, the different movements that make up the Religious Society of Friends/Friends Church avoid creeds and hierarchical structures.[8]" The all page is very long and interesting. but my attention stopped very soon.. here: "The first Quakers lived in mid-17th century England. The movement arose from the Legatine-Arians and other dissenting Protestant groups, breaking away from the established Church of England."
What are this Legatine-Arians ?? you can even click on them! https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seekers (By the way..I think i don't have toxo..hahaha). (there is all another field that lead to Ario and the Goths (early germans) but i am interested in the seekers now: "The Seekers, or Legatine-Arians as they were sometimes known, were an English Protestant dissenting group that emerged around the 1620s, probably inspired by the preaching of three brothers – Walter, Thomas, and Bartholomew Legate. Seekers considered all organised churches of their day corrupt and preferred to wait for God's revelation. Many of them subsequently joined the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers)." "The Seekers were not an organised religious group in any way that would be recognised today, (not a religious cult or denomination) but informal and localised. Membership in a local Seekers assembly did not preclude membership in another sect. Indeed, Seekers shunned creeds (see nondenominational Christianity) and each assembly tended to embrace a broad spectrum of ideas." "Seekers anticipated aspects of Quakerism and a significant number of them became Quakers[3]
From: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quakers " : "During and after the English Civil War (1642–1651) many dissenting Christian groups emerged, including the Seekers and others. A young man named George Fox was dissatisfied with the teachings of the Church of England and non-conformists. He had a revelation that there is one, even, Christ Jesus, who can speak to thy condition,[19] and became convinced that it was possible to have a direct experience of Christ without the aid of an ordained clergy. He had a vision on Pendle Hill in Lancashire, England, in which he believed that "the Lord let me see in what places he had a great people to be gathered".[19] Following this he travelled around England, the Netherlands,[20] and Barbados[21] preaching and teaching with the aim of converting new adherents to his faith. The central theme of his Gospel message was that Christ has come to teach his people himself.[19] His followers considered themselves to be the restoration of the true Christian church, after centuries of apostasy in the churches in England." So, kit kat is ownd by Rowntree.
But who is the crator of Rowntree? "Henry Isaac Rowntree (1837 – 1883) was the founder of Rowntree's" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Isaac_Rowntree "In June 1862 Henry Isaac bought out the chocolate, cocoa-making and chicory departments and ran the business himself employing around a dozen people.[2] He followed Quaker principles and always insisted on the highest quality."
Really?? yes, can you beat "After Eight thin mint chocolates" ?? i don't think so.
Also, this Henry Isaac Rowntree made this: "In 1932, Rowntree appointed a new advertising agency, the London branch of J. Walter Thompson.[21] Thompson undertook extensive market research to discover what consumers wanted.[21] As a result of this research, the Black Magic assorted chocolate box was launched in 1934.[21"
Black Magic ?? "Black Magic is a British brand of boxed chocolates originally created by Rowntree's in 1933.[1] Sold as an affordable version of an otherwise very expensive luxury product, they were marketed as a courtship gift.[2] In the 1970s, the brand was advertised using the slogan "Who knows the secret of the Black Magic box?"[1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Magic_(chocolates) (i think there is a mandela effect in the x-box logo)
but back to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quakers : "The theory of evolution described by Charles Darwin in On the Origin of Species (1859) was opposed by many Quakers in the nineteenth century,[46] particularly by older evangelical Quakers who dominated the Religious Society of Friends in Great Britain. These religious leaders were suspicious of Darwin's theory, and believed that natural selection needed to be supplemented by another process.[47] For example, influential British Quaker scientist Edward Newman[48] stated that this theory was "not compatible with our notions of creation as delivered from the hands of a Creator." However, some young Friends such as John Wilhelm Rowntree (yes! the kit-kat and Rolo Man!) and Edward Grubb supported Darwin's theories adopting a doctrine of progressive revelation with evolutionary ideas.[47] In the United States, Joseph Moore taught the theory of evolution at the Quaker Earlham College as early as 1861[49] and was probably one of the first teachers in the Midwest to do so.
"The theological beliefs of Quaker yearly meetings vary onsiderably. Tolerance of dissent widely varies among yearly meetings. Most Friends believe in continuing revelation, which is the religious belief that truth is continuously revealed directly to individuals from God. George Fox, an "early Friend", described it as "Christ has come to teach His people Himself."[19] Friends often focus on trying to hear God. As Isaac Penington wrote in 1670, "It is not enough to hear of Christ, or read of Christ, but this is the thing—to feel him to be my root, my life, and my foundation..."[76] Quakers reject the idea of priests, believing in the priesthood of all believers. Some Friends express their concept of God using various phrases including the inner light, or inward light of Christ, the Holy Spirit or other phrases.
Here we are! from kit-kat to the inner light !! ..and we nan even click on inner light, or inward light of Christ !! https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inward_light :
"Light of God, Light of Christ, Christ within, That of God, Spirit of God within us, Light within, inward light and inner light are related phrases commonly used within the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) as metaphors for Christ's light shining on or in them. It was propagated by the founder of the Quaker movement, George Fox, who "preached faith in and reliance on 'inward light' (the presence of Christ in the heart)."[1][2] The first Quakers were known to sit in silence and meditate on the words of the Bible until they felt the inward light of God shining upon them and the Holy Spirit speaking.[3] The Key to the Faith and Practice of the Religious Society of Friends states that the Inward Light is "both the historical, living Jesus, and as the Grace of God extended to people that simultaneously makes us conscious of our sins, forgives them, and gives us the strength and the will to overcome them" and "teaches us the difference between right and wrong, truth and falseness, good and evil".[4][5] As such, the word light is commonly used by Christians (including Quakers) as a metaphor for Christ, derived from many Biblical passages including John 8:12,[6] which states:
“I am the light of the world. Whoever follows me will never walk in darkness, but will have the light of life.”
Quakers take this idea of walking in the Light of Christ to refer to God's presence within a person, and to a direct and personal experience of God, although this varies to some extent between Quakers in different yearly meetings. Quakers believe not only that individuals can be guided by this light, but that Friends might meet together and receive collective guidance from God by sharing the concerns and leadings that he gives to individuals.[7] This is often done in meeting for worship; Pierre Lacout, a Swiss Quaker, describes a "silence which is active" causing the Inner Light to "glow", in his book God is silence.[8] In a Friends meeting it is usually called "ministry" when a person shares aloud what the Inner Light is saying to him or her. The term inward light was first used by early Friends to refer to Christ's light shining on them; the term inner light has also been used to since twentieth century to describe this Quaker doctrine. Rufus Jones, in 1904, wrote that: "The Inner Light is the doctrine that there is something Divine, ‘Something of God’ in the human soul".[9]
"Have a break...Have a Kit Kat"
From: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quaker_Oats_Company :
"The Quaker Oats logo starting in 1877 had a figure of a Quaker man depicted full-length, sometimes holding a scroll with the word "Pure" written across it, that resembling the classic woodcuts of William Penn, the 17th-century philosopher and early Quaker.[18] Quaker Oats advertising dating back to 1909 did, indeed, identify the "Quaker man" as William Penn, and referred to him as "standard bearer of the Quakers and of Quaker Oats."[19] Today, the company states that "The 'Quaker man' does not represent an actual person. His image is that of a man dressed in Quaker garb, chosen because the Quaker faith projected the values of honesty, integrity, purity and strength."[20]
" In 1990, some Quakers started a letter-writing campaign after a Quaker Oats advertisement depicted Popeye as a "Quakerman" who used violence against aliens, sharks, and Bluto.[27]
"In the 1950s, researchers from Quaker Oats Company, MIT and Harvard University carried out experiments at the Walter E. Fernald State School to determine how the minerals from cereals were metabolized. Parents of mentally challenged children were asked for permission to let their children be members of a Science Club and participate in research. Being a member of the Science Club gave the children special privileges. The parents were told that the children would be fed with a diet high in nutrients. However, they were not told (and the consent form contained no information indicating) that the food their children were fed contained radioactive calcium and iron.[29] The information obtained from the experiments was to be used as part of an advertising campaign.[30] The company was later sued because of the experiments. The lawsuit was settled on 31 December 1997."
"In 2010, two California consumers filed a class action lawsuit against the Quaker Oats Company. Plaintiffs allege that Quaker marketed its products as healthy even though they contained unhealthy trans fat. Specifically, Quaker's Chewy Granola Bars, Instant Oatmeal, and Oatmeal to Go Bars contained trans fat,[32][33] yet their packaging featured claims like "heart healthy," "wholesome," and "smart choices made easy."
FRom :https://occupybigfood.wordpress.com/2012/02/24/warning-may-contain-gmos/
A sampling of common foods that most likely contain GMO ingredients:
Quaker Oats: Quaker Oats Oatmeal // Life Cereal //Oat Bran // Quick Oats // Instant Oatmeal // Natural Granola // Chewy Granola Bars // Rice Cakes // Grits // Wheat Germ//
Kellogg’s: Rice Krispies // Corn Flakes // Frosted Flakes // Special K // Apple Jacks // All Bran // Pops // Crispix // Froot Loops // Mini Wheats // Raisin Bran // Pop Tarts // Eggo Waffles // Morning Star Veggie Burgers // Morning Star Vegan Veggie Burgers // Morning Star Chik’n Nuggets // Morning Star Veggie Sausage // Keebler Chips Deluxe // Famous Amos Cookies // Carr’s Table Water Crackers
Kraft/Nabsico: Chips Ahoy Cookies // Capri Sun // Boca Burgers // Cheez Whiz // Cool Whip // Corn Nuts // Crystal Light // Country Time // Honey Maid Graham Crackers // Jell-O // Kool-Aid // Kraft Singles // Lunchables // Maxwell House Coffee // Miracle Whip // Fig Newtons // Oreos // Oscar Mayer // Philadelphia Cream Cheese // Planters Nuts // Polly-O //Ritz Crackers // Snackwell’s // Teddy Grahams // Triscuits // Velveeta // Wheat Thins //
Frito-Lay: Lay’s Potato Chips // Doritos // Tostitos // Cheetos // Fritos // Sun Chips // Cracker Jack // Rold Gold Pretzels // Ruffles // Munchies // Stacy’s Pita Chips // Smartfood Popcorn //
Nestle: Nesquick // Butterfinger // Crunch Bars // Kit Kat // Nescafe // Buitoni // Lean Cuisine // Hot Pockets // Stouffer’s // Coffee-mate // Carnation // Juicy Juice // Nestea // Dreyer’s // Haagen-Das // Nestle Ice Cream Campbell’s Soup: Condensed Soups // Chunky Soup // Select Harvest // Healthy Request // Pace // Pepperidge Farm // Prego // Swanson // V8

Dry January is a custom that originated in the UK in the 90's as a rallying cry for people to take a month off alcohol immediately after the holidays. More recently the slogan has been adopted by charities wanting to raise awareness about the harms of excessive alcohol consumption. It is estimated that over 20,000 Brits participate in Dry January each year.
So will you be taking the month off booze for Dry January? If so you're likely to experience some of these positive effects:
Better Sleep - Even a couple of drinks can interfere with the normal sleep process. Alcohol can help you to get to deep sleep faster but it will be shorter and more interrupted. Typically we experience 6 to 7 cycles of REM sleep in a night but alcohol can cut this down to 1 or 2 cycles. Add in those extra midnight bathroom breaks you will likely wake up feeling exhausted.
Flawless Skin - Alcohol is a well know diuretic and its consumption will lead to dehydration which shows up as dry and irritated skin. Alcohol is also a hepatotoxin meaning it's toxic to the liver and skin causing you to look jaundiced, sallow, and pasty as your liver cells are killed by the alcohol. Luckily the liver can regenerate itself and it will definitely thank you for a month without alcohol.
Weight Loss - Alcohol is packed with calories that most of us could do without. The Health Canada guideline for alcohol consumption recommends less than 15 units per week for men and 10 units per week for women. This equates to 2250 and 1500 calories per week respectively or roughly 3 to 4 Big Macs!
Be Richer - Those same 10 to 15 units of alcohol per week can put a real dent in your wallet too. Who couldn't use an extra $35 to $100 per week? Extend it over a year and that trip you've always wanted to take should be within reach.
Get Ripped - Trying to get in shape this new year? Alcohol has been shown to diminish the effects of your workouts by lowering protein synthesis and blocking the absorption of important nutrients that are key to muscle growth including calcium, magnesium, iron, phosphorous, and potassium.
Originally published at www premiumnearbeer com

You can see it illustrated here or if not read on!
The dynamite explosives procured to involuntarily euthanise the planet’s population of Grandmas was dubbed ‘Gran-ite’ by the tabloids. Ever since the World court had approved the fast food industry’s motion to patent cows, all farmers found in illegal possession of said animals were sued then coerced into incinerating their stocks. Only one gigantic, genetically modified bovine species remained extant.
‘Nature & science squeeze firm handshake team. Cow blossom much big than metal skin machine . Make whale poop in the panties. show T-rex looking as poo-pipe connoisseur .’ was the slogan released by the Chinese led fast food cartel. It was a historic corporate first because the product’s boasts contained a modicum of truth. Once mature the animals dwarfed any machinery, resulting in there being nothing available able to transport nor lacerate them. Hydraulic drills spluttered and shattered against the behemoths. Their hides were impervious to any bullet.
A solution was swiftly proposed. Zombie T-rexes equipped with graphene encased choppers could chomp the cows into controllable chunks. This contingency plan was ferociously contested in court, being declared as ‘whacky man hazard think’ by the fast food delegation. Despite being informed by their advisors that this was the only viable strategy to rescue the world’s entire cache of cows, the marketing departments had calculated that their brand images would be viewed as ‘mightily pussyesque’ should an animal that they had severely implied was a frolicking gay boy decimate their super product.
By the time the court case had concluded in favour of sanctioning the zombie T-rex initiative it was too late. Only a few thousand cows had avoided rotting in the fields. Due to the immense rarity of beef and cheese, hamburgers usurped blue sky as the most expensive commodity on Earth. One European prince was removed from the line of succession after photos leaked of him attending a fancy dress party donning a hamburger bikini & witch’s fingers made of cheese.
Of course there were some minor ramifications caused by the near extinction of cows - a billion or so people perished in impoverished lands that no-one could pronounce & 60% of toddlers were predicted to have to purchase false teeth due to calcium deficiency- but the main concern was the lack of available leather to manufacture footballs. The West was outraged and embarrassed that the impending World Cup was in jeopardy. The populace rioted, incensed that they might be unable to watch a group of people they’d never met compete with another group of people they’d never met for a trophy that they would have zero involvement in vying for unless they possessed long range, telekinetic goal scoring powers.
The World Government hastily voted to rush through the legalization of Grandma leather. Besides, their skin was already tough and their lives almost over. Naturally, some segments of society were appalled. The greeting card industry in particular mercilessly defended the Grandmas so as to not have the lucrative Grandmother’s day disappear from the calendar.
Miles of Grandma’s lay baking in the sun. The sunburned skin added an extra degree of hardiness to the future leather. ‘It were good of ‘em to give us a free holiday’ said Ethel to Vera. ‘Nice change to get a bit of sun.’ ‘Aye’ replied Vera as she wiped away some stray spittle with her bib. ‘Plus that nice man from FIFA said we’d all get to participate in the next World Cup.’

I run a trivia game at a local bar with 5 rounds: 3 10-question rounds, 1 visual round, and 1 audio round. Here are some of my question rounds:
Food: I’m going to describe a liquer, you’re going to give me its name

1. This French black-currant flavored liquer is commonly used in Kir-Royals (Crème de Cassis)
2. This light-green colored liquer has a distinctive melon flavor (Midori)
3. This American liqueur and New Orleans favorite is normally made of whiskey, spices and peaches (Southern Comfort)
4. This almond-flavored liquer is made from apricot pits (Amaretto)
5. This bitter italian aperitif is flavored with orange, rhubard, and “secret” spices (Aperol)
6. This unique artichoke-based bitter liquer does not taste distincly of artichokes but of 13 different herbs and plants. Also Italian. (Cynar)
7. This liqueur tasted of toasted hazelnuts, as well as coffee, vanilla berries, and cocoa. (Frangelico)
8. This clear-colored liquor is cinnamon flavored and contains 24 karat gold leaf flakes (Goldschlager)
9. This British liquer combines a secret recipe of fruit and spices popularly mixed into a drink of the same name when it is combined with gin, cucumbers, and other fruits (Pimm’s Cup)
10. This popular Italian black licorice, anise-flavored liquer is named after the plant it is made from (Sambuca)

Chemicals in the Home: Going to list a chemical, you say the common household item that contains this

1. Sodium bicarbonate (Baking powder, alka seltzer)
2. Acetimenophen (Tylenol)
3. Titanium dioxide (toothpaste, white out)
4. Sodium chloride (Table salt)
5. Sodium hypochlorite (Bleach)
6. Sucrose (Table sugar)
7. Calcium carbonate (Chalk, de-icing salt)
8. Acetic acid (Vinegar)
9. Naphthalene (moth balls)
10. Acetone (nail polish remover)

Historic and some Modern Fad Diet Questions.

1. In a diet known as “Fletcherism” practiced populary in the late 19th century, Horace Fletcher advocated that if you did this 32 times or more everytime you ate you would shed some pounds. (Chewed)
   
2. Elvis was reportedly a big fan of this 1960’s fad diet, which doesn’t encourage less eating or more exercise. The diet plan instead advocated for you to do what for long periods of time, even for multiple days, often with the help of medication? (Sleep)
   
3. After Roald Dahl’s classic book Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory was published, what single food diet based off of the impoverished Bucket family’s main food source became popular? (Cabbage soup)
   
4. This modern Japanese “diet” accessory is said to calm appetite neurologically involves wearing tinted glasses of what color? (blue. Glasses cost $20!)
   
5. In 1087, legend has it that William the Conquerer was desperate to lose weight after France’s King Phillip told him that he looked pregnant. Considered by some to be the first “fad” diet, William advocated drinking nothing but what to lose weight? (alcohol. He died when he fell off of his horse one time.)
   
6. Around 1829, Presbyterian minister Sylvester Graham (also the inventor of the Graham cracker) advocated a bland diet that excluded all milk, meat, and spices to keep people healthy by preventing them from having thoughts of what? (sex/impure thoughts)
   
7. In the early 20th century, what tiny parasite was sold in pill form promising weight loss to those willing to ingest it? (Tapeworms)
   
8. The Victorian poet Lord Byron, always concerned with his appearance, advised drinking large volumes of this common household item daily. Side effects included vomiting. (Vinegar)
   
9. This popular early 20th century diet was advertised using the slogan “Reach for a blank, you’ll never want a sweet” and was based on reducing hunger and food cravings. (Cigarette diet)
   
10. In 1727, Thomas Short wrote a popular book describing how simply living near what type of landform could cause you to be overweight? (Swamps)
    

Trivia: Breakfast Cereal! 12 point round (there’s a couple of times I ask for 2 answers)

1. What is captain crunch’s first name? Horatio
2. Which athlete has appeared most often on the wheatie’s box? Michael Jordan
3. In 1863, James Caleb of Dansville, New York created the first ready to eat cereal product in the US. What was the name of this cereal that was intended to be eaten as a health food? Granola / Granula
4. Which current five froot loop flavors is not one of the original three? (orange, lemon, cherry) grape or lime
5. Name two of the four original shapes of lucky charms, pink hearts, yellow moons, orange stars, green clovers
6. In 1971, General Mills started creating what would eventually become five current and discontinued “Monster Themed” cereals including Count Chocula. Please name two others out of the five cereals. Boo Berry, Franken Berry, Fruit Brute, Fruity Yummy Mummy
7. In 1906, Kellog’s released their first breakfast cereal, a product we still enjoy today. What was Kellog’s first cereal? Corn flakes
8. Americans consume an average 101 lbs or 160 lbs of cereal a year. What percentage of Americans start their day with a bowl of cereal? Is it 25%, 49% or 75%? 49% we’re actually fourth in the world, Ireland eats the most cereal
9. What was the name of captain crunch’s ship? I really like captain crunch. Nautical man. SS Guppy.
10. What is the best selling breakfast cereal of all time? Cheerios

Obsolete Words: I will read a definition and give you three obsolete or unusual words. You’ll have to use your arcane knowledge of word roots to guess which word I am describing! Please write your word guess out, spelling doesn’t count but you can ask for the spelling of any word. 10 points

1. This word first published in the 1620’s means to silently watch someone as they are eating, hoping to be invited to join them A) Groak, labarum, obelize

As in: It’s hard to enjoy your meal when the guy opposite is groaking you the whole time.

1. This word, first published in the 1620’s, means the sun’s warmth on a cold winter’s day A) Apricity, lacustrine, obragate

As in: Even in darkest December you sometimes get a moment of beautiful apricity

1. This early 17th centruy word means To have a paralyzing or mezmerising effect on someone a) Gorgonize, Locksize, badinage

As in: Don’t look into his eyes. He’s so charismatic, you’ll be gorgonized.

1. This word, first published in the early 1700s, means a little man with a high opinion of himself a) Cockalorum, Bandicoot, Elflock

As in: He’s a boastful shortarse. Total cockalorum.

1. This word first published in the 1590’s means freshly melted snow a) Snow broth, snow water, slipway

As in: Yesterday we woke up to a perfect carpet of white, but now it’s just snowbroth.

1. This word first published in the 1800s refers to the shock one feels when first plunging into cold water a) Curglaff, detersion, kinchin

As in: Those outdoor swimmers must have minds of steel to cope with that kind of curglaff.

1. This word first published in the 1820’s refers to walking while smoking a pipe A) Lunting, bafting, manaling

As in: I’m off for a post-lunch lunt, anyone care to join me?

1. This word was first published in the 1940’s and refers to the seeminly malevolent behavior displayed by inanimate objects a) Resistentialism, cabalism, dynamism

As in: My water bottle is staring at me as if it wants to kill me.. what a great example of resistentialism.

1. This word first published in the 1700s refers to a fear of oblivion a) Lethophobia, diplophobia, menophobia

As in: This may mean I’m a lethophobe, but I’m terrified that the world is about to end.

1. This word, first used in the early 1900s, refers to very heavy rain a)Lumming, manducating, teening

As in: Wow, it’s absolutely lumming out there!
Round 5. WEIRD geniuses

1. This surrealist artist slept with a key in his hand, rested above a metal plate, so that the moment he dozed off the key would fall and produce a noise, immediately waking him back up. Salvador Dali
2. This founding father started each day with an air bath, standing naked in front of a window for half of an hour every morning. Ben Franklin
3. This morbid writer wrote his works on a large, continuous scroll of paper, attaching each scroll with wax to the rest of his works. Edgar Allen Poe
4. This writer of mystery and detective started with the details of the murder scene before she wrote a plot for her boos Agatha Christie
5. This famous psychologist was extremely addicted to cocaine and received 33 surgeries on his mouth and jaw to continually remove the sores and cancer it caused Sigmund Freud
6. This famous scientific genius was odd in many ways, but one particular story told by his chauffer involves him as a young boy snatching up a live grasshopper eating it Albert Einstein
7. This other famous scientist and father of our understanding of electricity and magnetism was celibate and worked best between the hours of :300 am and 11:00 pm. Nikola Tesla. He also detested jewelry, especially pears, and got along well with pigeons.
8. This horror writer and hater of adverbs is said to write 2,000 adverb-free words a day to keep himself sharp. Stephen King
9. This famous scientist and inventor established an interesting interview process including watchin his interviewees eat a bowl of soup in front of him. If the interviee seasoned the soup with salt or pepper before tasting it, they would not be hired. Thomas Edison.
10. This famous author couldn’t stand to have a hair on his head out of place and kept his comb by his side while he worked. He is said to have combed his hair hundreds of times a day. Charles Dickens

Fictional Pets from TV and Movies:

1. What was the name of Pinnochio’s pet, a small black and white cat, shown in the 1940 Disney Film Pinnochio– Figaro
2. The immortal black cat in the 1993 film Hocus Pocus who is actually a human trapped in a cats body – Binx
3. What was the name of the Lone Ranger’s white stallion in film and in real life? Silver
4. What is the name of the Falcon in the 2001 film the Royal Tennenbaums owned by Richie Tenenbaum– Mordecai
5. What is the name of the jack russel terrier from the 1994 film The Mask – Milo
6. What is the name of The Catalan Sheepdog from the 1985 film Back to the Future, named after a famous scientific genius – Einstein
7. What is the name of the pitbull from the 1994 film The little rascals? He was the only canine member of the “he-man woman haters club” Petey 8.What is the full name of the talking black cat from Sabrina the Teenaged witch? He has a last name, so see if you can get it for an extra point: Salem Saberhagen 9.What is the name of Voldemort’s snake? Nagini
8. What is the name of the three legged Dog from the Criterion collection’s “The Life Aquatic”? Cody

Anyone have any ideas or pre-written questions/answers to share?