Unlock the Mysteries of Your Kundali: Free Pandit Ji Astrology Consultations at Your WhatsApp

Free Pandit ji Astrology At WhatsApp The ancient art of astrology has been a source of fascination and guidance for centuries, offering individuals a glimpse into the mysteries of their destiny. In the intricate web of stars and planets, our unique kundali, or birth chart, holds the key to understanding our personality, strengths, and potential. However, deciphering the complex symbols and interpretations of our kundali can be a daunting task, requiring a deep understanding of Vedic astrology and its intricacies.
That’s why, we’re excited to introduce a unique opportunity to unlock the secrets of your kundali with our free Pandit Ji astrology consultations, available at the convenience of your WhatsApp. Our expert Pandit Ji will guide you through the insights of your birth chart, providing valuable insights into your life, relationships, and future path. In this post, we’ll explore the significance of our kundali and how these free consultations can help you navigate life’s journey with greater clarity and purpose.

1. Introduction to Kundali and Vedic Astrology

The ancient and mystical art of Kundali, also known as Vedic Astrology, has been a cornerstone of Indian wisdom for thousands of years. This intricate system of planetary alignment and cosmic influences has been used to guide individuals on their life’s journey, predicting the path of destiny, and offering valuable insights into personality, strengths, and weaknesses. The intricate chart of the Kundali, comprising of 12 houses and 12 signs, is a window to the soul, revealing the intricate web of energies that shape our lives.
At its core, Kundali is a tool for self-discovery, offering a profound understanding of our individual nature, our place in the world, and the potential we hold. By analyzing the intricate patterns of planetary movements, Vedic Astrology provides a unique framework for understanding the complexities of human life, including relationships, career, and spiritual growth. As we navigate the twists and turns of life, Kundali offers a beacon of guidance, illuminating the way forward and revealing the secrets to unlocking our true potential.
In this era of rapid change and uncertainty, the wisdom of Kundali has never been more relevant. By exploring the mysteries of your Kundali, you can gain a deeper understanding of yourself, your strengths, and your weaknesses, empowering you to make informed decisions that align with your highest good. And now, with our free Pandit Ji astrology consultations, you can unlock the secrets of your Kundali and embark on a journey of self-discovery and transformation.

1. What is a Kundali Reading?

A Kundali reading, also known as a birth chart analysis, is a profound and intricate process that delves into the depths of an individual’s birth chart, revealing the intricate web of celestial bodies that shape their destiny. This ancient Indian practice of astrology, also known as Jyotish, is based on the principle that the position of the planets at the exact time and place of an individual’s birth has a profound impact on their life, personality, and future.
A Kundali reading is a unique and personalized analysis of an individual’s birth chart, which provides insight into their strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges. This ancient art of astrology helps to uncover the subtle energies that influence an individual’s life, including their relationships, career, health, and overall well-being. By examining the intricate patterns and relationships between the planets, a skilled astrologer can offer valuable guidance and insights to help individuals navigate life’s challenges and make informed decisions.
With the help of our expert Pandit Ji, who has spent years perfecting the art of Kundali reading, you can gain a deeper understanding of your birth chart and unlock the secrets to a more fulfilling and meaningful life. Our free consultations at your WhatsApp will provide you with a unique and personalized reading, tailored to your specific needs and concerns. Don’t miss this opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of yourself and unlock the mysteries of your Kundali!

1. Importance of Kundali Reading in Vedic Astrology

In the ancient science of Vedic Astrology, a Kundali is more than just a birth chart – it’s a sacred blueprint that holds the secrets of an individual’s destiny. It’s a complex map that reveals the intricate web of planetary positions, their relationships, and the intricate dance of good and bad karma that shape an individual’s life. A Kundali reading is a powerful tool that allows Pandit Ji to decipher the mysteries of the universe and gain insights into an individual’s strengths, weaknesses, and potential.
By analyzing the intricate patterns and symbols on the Kundali, a Pandit Ji can uncover the hidden forces that shape an individual’s life, including the influences of their nakshatras, planets, and gunas. This deep understanding of the cosmic forces at play enables the Pandit Ji to provide personalized guidance, advice, and remedies that can help individuals navigate life’s challenges, overcome obstacles, and achieve their goals.
A Kundali reading is not just a theoretical exercise, but a practical tool that can be used to improve one’s life in countless ways. By understanding the intricate dynamics of their Kundali, individuals can make informed decisions, avoid pitfalls, and tap into their inner potential. It’s a powerful tool that can bring harmony, balance, and fulfillment to one’s life, and is a testament to the timeless wisdom and profound insights of Vedic Astrology.

1. How to Read a Kundali Chart

As you gaze upon the intricate pattern of lines, symbols, and numbers on your kundali chart, you may feel a sense of wonder and awe at the complexity and depth of the ancient art of astrology. But, where do you even begin to decipher the secrets hidden within the chart’s intricate design? How do you unravel the mysteries of your birth chart, and unlock the keys to understanding your personality, strengths, weaknesses, and potential?
The answer lies in the art of reading a kundali chart. It’s a skill that requires patience, attention to detail, and a deep understanding of the nuances of Vedic astrology. Our experienced pandit jis, armed with years of study and expertise, will guide you through the process of reading your kundali chart, providing insights into your life’s journey, and revealing the hidden patterns and influences that shape your destiny.
From the placement of the planets and the relationships between them, to the interpretation of the various houses and their corresponding themes, every aspect of the chart holds a unique significance and story. As you learn to read your kundali chart, you’ll gain a profound understanding of yourself, your motivations, and your place in the universe. And, with the guidance of our expert pandit jis, you’ll be empowered to make informed decisions, navigate life’s challenges, and unlock the full potential of your life.

1. Understanding the Planets and their Roles

The intricate dance of the planets is a fundamental aspect of understanding the mysteries of your kundali. In Vedic astrology, each planet is associated with specific energies, emotions, and characteristics, influencing various aspects of your life. The Sun, for instance, represents the soul and signifies self-awareness, ego, and identity. The Moon, on the other hand, is connected to the subconscious mind, emotions, and intuition. The other planets, including Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Rahu, and Ketu, each have their unique roles and energies, shaping your destiny and life path.
The position of the planets in your kundali, also known as a birth chart, determines the strengths and weaknesses of your astrological profile. Understanding the planetary positions and their relationships can help you uncover the hidden patterns and themes that govern your life. For instance, a strong Sun in your kundali can signify confidence, leadership, and a strong sense of self, while a weak Mercury may indicate communication difficulties or mental fogginess.
In our free Pandit Ji astrology consultations, our expert astrologers will guide you in understanding the complex roles of the planets in your kundali. With their in-depth knowledge and insight, you’ll gain a deeper understanding of your astrological profile, uncover hidden strengths and weaknesses, and receive personalized advice on how to navigate the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead.

1. Significance of Rashis and Nakshatras

The ancient art of Kundali reading, a sacred tool that unravels the mysteries of the universe, revealing the intricate dance of celestial bodies and their impact on our lives. Within the intricate web of stars and planets, two fundamental components stand out – Rashis and Nakshatras. These two celestial entities play a crucial role in shaping our destinies, influencing our personalities, and guiding our life’s journey.
Rashis, or signs, are the 12 segments of the zodiac circle, each representing a unique character, trait, and energy. They are like the 12 pillars of the universe, standing tall and strong, guiding our lives through their distinct influences. Each Rashi has its own unique characteristics, from the fiery passion of Leo to the calm and collected nature of Taurus. By understanding our Rashi, we can gain insight into our strengths, weaknesses, and natural tendencies.
Nakshatras, on the other hand, are the 27 lunar mansions that divide the zodiac circle into smaller segments. Each Nakshatra has its own distinct energy, symbol, and significance. They are like the subtle threads that weave together the intricate tapestry of our lives, influencing our emotions, relationships, and spiritual growth. By understanding our Nakshatra, we can gain insight into our emotional inner workings, our capacity for love and relationships, and our spiritual path.
Together, Rashis and Nakshatras form a powerful synergy, revealing the intricate dance of our celestial energies and their impact on our lives. By understanding the significance of Rashis and Nakshatras, we can unlock the mysteries of our Kundali, gaining valuable insights into our life’s journey and the path to self-discovery.

1. How to Identify the Ashtakoot Guna Milan

As you delve deeper into the intricacies of your Kundali, one of the most crucial aspects to understand is the concept of Ashtakoot Guna Milan. This ancient Vedic practice is a crucial component of matchmaking and marriage compatibility, and it’s essential to grasp its significance in determining the harmony and success of your relationships.
Ashtakoot Guna Milan is a complex calculation that evaluates the compatibility of two individuals based on their birth charts, taking into account eight key factors, including the Gunas, Doshas, and Lagna. Each individual is assigned a score based on their unique characteristics, and the resulting sum is used to determine the overall compatibility of the couple.
In this intricate process, the Pandit Ji will consider the dominant Gunas, or qualities, of each individual, such as Sattva, Rajas, and Tamas, and how they interact with each other. The calculation also takes into account the Doshas, or planetary imbalances, and the Lagna, or the Ascendant, which plays a crucial role in determining the individual’s personality, strengths, and weaknesses.
By understanding the Ashtakoot Guna Milan, you’ll gain valuable insights into the potential strengths and challenges of your relationship, allowing you to make informed decisions about your future together. Whether you’re seeking guidance on marriage compatibility or simply looking to deepen your understanding of your partner’s personality, our expert Pandit Ji is here to provide you with personalized guidance and support.

1. Understanding the 12 Houses of the Kundali

As you delve into the intricacies of your Kundali, one of the most crucial aspects to grasp is the concept of the 12 Houses. This ancient Vedic system of astrology is a powerful tool for understanding the complexities of human life, and the 12 Houses are the foundation upon which it is built. Each House represents a specific area of life, from the mundane to the spiritual, and the planets that occupy them play a crucial role in shaping your destiny.
The 1st House, also known as the Lagna, is like the crown of the Kundali, representing the individual’s self-image, personality, and overall life path. The 2nd House is associated with wealth, material possessions, and communication, while the 3rd House is linked to siblings, neighbors, and short journeys.
As we move further into the Kundali, the 4th House is connected to the family, emotions, and the subconscious mind, while the 5th House is associated with creativity, children, and romantic relationships. The 6th House is concerned with health, work, and daily routines, and the 7th House is linked to marriage, partnerships, and relationships.
The 8th House is often referred to as the “House of Transformation” and is associated with rebirth, spiritual growth, and the unknown. The 9th House is connected to higher knowledge, travel, and spirituality, while the 10th House is linked to career, reputation, and public image. The 11th House is concerned with friendships, community, and humanitarian pursuits, and the 12th House is associated with the subconscious mind, spirituality, and the collective unconscious.
Understanding the 12 Houses of your Kundali is like unlocking a treasure chest of secrets and insights. By grasping the complex relationships between the planets and the Houses, you can gain a deeper understanding of yourself and your place in the world.

1. The Role of Planetary Positions and Transits

The ancient art of Kundali astrology, also known as Janam Patri, is a complex and intricate system that reveals the secrets of our destiny and the cosmic forces that shape our lives. At the heart of this mystical practice lies the intricate dance of planetary positions and transits, which play a crucial role in determining the course of our lives. The positions of the planets at the exact time and place of our birth, as recorded on our birth chart or Kundali, hold the key to understanding our personality, strengths, weaknesses, and potential.
The movement of the planets, as they transit through the zodiac, also has a profound impact on our lives. Their positions can influence our emotions, relationships, career, and overall well-being. For instance, a planetary transit can bring about a period of stability and growth, or it can trigger a series of challenges and upheavals. By understanding the significance of planetary positions and transits, one can gain valuable insights into the unfolding of their life journey.
Through our free Pandit Ji astrology consultations, we offer a unique opportunity to unravel the mysteries of your Kundali and gain a deeper understanding of the celestial forces that shape your life. Our expert astrologers will guide you through the intricate web of planetary positions and transits, helping you to identify areas of strength and weakness, and providing personalized guidance to navigate the twists and turns of your life journey.

1. How to Interpret a Kundali Chart

The intricate web of stars and planets that has been intricately woven into the fabric of your life – your Kundali chart is a window to the mysteries that lie within. Like a treasure map, it holds the secrets to your personality, strengths, and weaknesses, revealing the hidden patterns that govern your destiny. But, deciphering this complex code requires a guiding light, a sage who can unlock the mysteries and reveal the truths hidden within the lines.
With our expert Pandit Ji’s guidance, you’ll embark on a journey of self-discovery, as you delve into the depths of your Kundali chart. Our team of experienced astrologers will walk you through the intricacies of your birth chart, highlighting the key areas of your life that are influenced by the positions of the planets and stars.
Together, we’ll explore the dynamic relationships between the planets, their aspects, and their influences on your life. From the placement of your Sun and Moon to the positions of your Venus and Mars, every detail will be analyzed to reveal the hidden patterns that shape your destiny.
Our Pandit Ji’s expertise will help you understand the intricate dance of the planets, and how they impact your life, relationships, and career. You’ll gain valuable insights into your personality, strengths, and weaknesses, and discover the hidden potential that lies within you.
So, take the first step towards unlocking the secrets of your Kundali chart, and embark on a journey of self-discovery and empowerment. Book your free WhatsApp consultation with our expert Pandit Ji today, and discover the mysteries that lie within your birth chart.

1. Free Consultations: How to Get Your Kundali Read

Imagine having a window to the universe, a map that reveals the secrets of your destiny, and a guide that helps you navigate the twists and turns of life. This is what your Kundali, or birth chart, holds. But, deciphering its intricacies can be a daunting task, especially for those new to the world of astrology. That’s where our expert Pandit Ji comes in – with a wealth of knowledge and experience, he is ready to unlock the mysteries of your Kundali, offering free consultations to help you understand its hidden messages.
During your free consultation, our Pandit Ji will use his vast knowledge of Vedic astrology to analyze your Kundali, revealing the positions of planets and their influences on your life. He will delve into the intricate details of your chart, uncovering strengths, weaknesses, and potential opportunities for growth. With his expert guidance, you’ll gain a deeper understanding of your personality, strengths, and vulnerabilities, as well as the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead.
Whether you’re seeking guidance on a specific life issue, such as relationships, career, or health, or simply looking to gain a deeper understanding of yourself, our free consultations are the perfect starting point. With our expert Pandit Ji, you’ll embark on a journey of self-discovery, empowered to make informed decisions and navigate the complexities of life with confidence.

1. WhatsApp Consultations: A New Era of Kundali Readings

The ancient art of astrology has always been shrouded in mystery, with seekers of truth and wisdom often having to navigate the complexities of palm readings and star charts to gain a deeper understanding of their destiny. But what if we told you that the mystique of Kundali readings is no longer reserved for the initiated few? With the advent of WhatsApp, the world of Kundali readings has evolved, and we are thrilled to introduce our innovative solution: free Pandit Ji astrology consultations, accessible at your fingertips.
Imagine being able to tap into the wisdom of a revered Pandit Ji, expert in the intricacies of Vedic astrology, and receive personalized guidance on your life’s journey. With our WhatsApp consultations, you can now do just that. Our team of experienced Pandit Jis will guide you through a comprehensive reading of your Kundali, revealing hidden patterns and energies that shape your life. From understanding your strengths and weaknesses to uncovering potential life-changing opportunities, our consultations will provide you with a profound understanding of your cosmic blueprint.
By leveraging the power of WhatsApp, we have made it possible for anyone, anywhere in the world, to access the wisdom of the ancient Vedic tradition. No more need to travel to distant ashrams or wait for weeks to receive a consultation – our free WhatsApp consultations are just a message away. So, take the first step towards unlocking the mysteries of your Kundali, and discover the transformative power of astrology in your life.

1. Benefits of Free Pandit Ji Astrology Consultations

The art of astrology has been a revered and ancient practice in Indian culture, offering individuals a profound understanding of their life’s journey, personality, and future. By unlocking the secrets of one’s kundali, or birth chart, individuals can gain valuable insights into their strengths, weaknesses, and potential. In this era of rapid change and uncertainty, seeking the guidance of a learned pandit ji can provide a sense of clarity and direction.
The benefits of free pandit ji astrology consultations are multifaceted. Not only do they offer a unique opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of one’s life, but they also provide a chance to receive personalized advice and guidance from a wise and experienced pandit ji. With a free consultation, individuals can gain a better understanding of their:
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(24F) I've had a lot of mental health issues growing up due to past experiences from childhood, and to get over them honestly my belief in Gods like Krishna and Kali Devi have helped me for as long as I can remember.
I won't go too much into all that now, the point is that due to my anxieties I've had a tendency to cut my hair or keep it short since COVID. I did that because I took the pandemic time to fix my mental health and have been on a sort of spiritual, internal manifestation journey of sorts. That involved me wanting to cut my hair at 21, and I've kept it that way for the last 3 years, and it's actually helped me in a lot of ways. And the ridiculing and outcast feeling I get in public..... there's nothing wrong regarding me physically at all, in fact my health improved and I look younger than ever. But because of my hair, I feel the stares, the keeping distance, the weird looks, the laughing and mocking me behind my back, the look of pity at me. I can't talk to people in public, and sadly this goes for both men and women who look almost repulsed by me. Even everytime I visit the temple. Strange enough, the pandits in the temple aren't as judgemental as the people who COME to the temple.
After my experiences, this question persists in my mind, and especially cause it's known that women are constantly victims of judgement and visual appeal, and materialistic expectations. Even our own goddesses aren't exempt from this.
I developed premature greying at 21 due to these experiences, experiences of severe stress and fatigue that are too much to explain. So in this year off at home in 2023, I just being learning to be in the present, meditation, self-affirmation and all that.
I've learned what it means to really listen to my body, and believe more in God and feel closer to that presence than I ever have felt before. It makes me realise things I haven't before, and this sort of power as if I can intuitively fix them if I just focus on them.
Cutting my hair and keeping it short .....has been a part of this spiritual journey. Oddly, cutting it and keeping it short has actually helped me improve my health.
I've had a good/bad relationship with my hair let's just say lol and after keeping it really long to my waist till 22, I decided to cut it, because intuitively it felt like the right thing to do. I just feel more rid of materialistic thoughts and have seen a more glow on my face than ever. My facial features look MUCH better now, and I feel younger than I have ever felt. My hair looks terrible tbh lol it's literally like a military buzzcut in the middle, and has grown out at the ends. But it felt like the right thing to do, and it's improved my health so much.
I even LOOK younger than my age now, and it's something I hear a LOT when people actually focus on my face, that which year college am I studying, or which subjects have I taken for my class 12th? In a firm believer that if you internally are happy and motivated, it will reflect externally and that's what I can see within this year of internal fixing. No amount of external products or makeup can give that natural glow to your face.
My worry is, there are so many stigmas in society and Hinduism regarding women and keeping their hair long and preferably uncut. I can't think of a single goddess with her hair uncut, and even if gods also have their hair uncut, in society men are allowed to cut their hair and maintain short hair. But women, even in old age, are expected to have long hair from what I've seen in traditional Hindu families.
The strange thing is, long thick hair seems to be associated with femininity and beauty, but I haven't felt more feminine and internally beautiful until I got the chance to cut my hair into a buzzcut. It let me focus on my beauty in my facial features, and made me realize that the face comes first in beauty, other things are only additions.
I've also heard that long hair is associated with Raja Yoga, and yet in temples and all its recommended that we keep our hair out of the way and not touch it.
Also when I find myself in Hindu communities, I definitely feel the eyes on me and judgements, and the look of "does she have some kind of terminal illness/disease that shes cured from/shaadi kaisi hogi/bhagwan baccha de usko" when those people have no idea that cutting my hair gave me a sort of expression I never got to experience before, and it's fixed so many of my health issues that only God and I can know about me. That I know very well. With what I've heard, it definitely could wrong, and I want to know what needs to be debunked in Hindu texts and what should be not. Many Hindus who judge me don't know that I've come from a semi orthodox Hindu family, and I was raised in that way, with learning mantras and stotras from my childhood, saying the prarthana during weekly shakas that I attended my whole childhood, and know exactly what customs and steps to follow when it comes to important poojas like Varalakshmi Pooja, Vinayaka Pooja, satyanarayana swamy vratam, etc.
But people from Hindu community would never know or want to believe that just because they judge me so heavily everywhere I go from not having the "look" of a Hindu woman, with long braided hair, even if I know and follow everything else. I've also been a vegetarian all my life, but that's been more of my own preference tbh.
I guess cutting my hair just made me realize how much value we give to woman's hair in Hinduism and how we put it on a pedestal, willing to disregard everything else good about her that she follows and contributes if she decides not to keep her hair long. It does anger me to an extent, because it's not right if we think empathetically.
I will grow it long eventually, but not anytime very soon just because society tells me. Is there anything wrong with a woman deciding to keep her hair short, as per the Vedas and what else Hinduism officially believes? Am I doing something adharmic/bad omen for the family as per the religion? Because it definitely doesn't look or feel like that. My family is overall flourishing well and we're all healthy and mentally happy and are very loving people in the household.

so as some of you may know, i recentlu started my bhairava sadhana and gradually ive seen me put more efforts into it, in the sense that i begun with just offering food and chanting to lighting a diya as well to lighting an incense stick (lobaan) now. but what has happened is I'm not feeling any connection really with the deity idk if there's bhaav missing from my part because of which the deity doesn't push the sadhana or something else, i also have a soft corner for parshuram ji and in my mind's bias, sometimes think he's my ishta devta even though all i think about with my eyes closed/god that will save me when death comes to me is shiv ji. coming to the signals part! there are namely 2 signals I've received pretty much in the past week!

1. 3rd day into the sadhana, just out of curiosity i went online to a site and referred things about my kundali. (never did it before nor knew much about it), later i found out in the same site that it showed my ishta devta to be parshuram ji and favourable deity to worship to be bhairava (batuk bhairava precisely). if u are wondering what site it was, it was something like "vedic rishi" (looked very authentic). that caught me by surpirse but ever since then it's feeling like my sadhana is not going well. [ Reason it caught me by surpirse was because i had recently started worshipping both of them, starting from akshaya tritiya]
2. one of my friend's dad is a pandit and even knows a lot about astrology, so to confirm it and all and since the last 2 days, he's been forgetting to ask that to his dad. so just an hour earlier, he told me that his father said i have mangal ketu angrik dosh and that my ishta is probably hanuman ji / shivji. now the thing is, today morning i woke up really late because of all the facade that's been happening lately and i started reading shiva purana from the beginning today and later in the afternoon, did a path of hanuman chalisa 7 times. and 1-2 hours later, my friend informs me about this.

I'm really confused as to are these really signs or just coincidences but the one thing i know is it's all eating me up and putting me into a situation where i just keep rethinking every decision I've made ever since i started doing the sadhana since akshaya tritiya. all advices/opinions are highly respected. please drop them below!

ConsumerLab, in their weekly highlights, mention a “recent study found that an ashwagandha extract reduced stress, anxiety, and depression, but dose and type of extract appears to matter.”
The studies they especially reference are Pandit 2024 and Pingali 2014 (though others are also mentioned in the full report) but what is interesting is that, like the KSM-66 formulas, it references a standardised extract (Sensoril).
Sensoril is standardised to not less than 10% withanolides.
The study was specific to chronic stress, taking 250 or 500 mg leaf+root extract daily for 8 weeks reduced chronic stress by about 25%. 125 mg was not effective.
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/9/1293
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3897003/
These studies are significant though too small to be definitive.
As there are frequent queries about Ashwagandha and stress on here I hope it might help as a pointer to anyone thinking of using it for chronic stress. It doesn’t apply to other benefits such as social relaxation or reducing occasional stress.
You can look for brands containing Sensoril or at least look for that many withanolides in any decent brand. (Please search the various other posts for “which brands.”). Have to dash…

Overview

Hello folks. I am from the BTech 2020 batch and just recently completed my academics. I wanted to write an honest opinion thread (and a rant) from a student's perspective for my experiences at DA, which might help other folks in better navigating their college life. This is a thread where I would like to share my Academic Experiences.
Before proceeding, just wanted to give a background. We joined DA in November 2020 (late; since it was the Covid year) and had almost our first 4 semesters in online mode. Also, the administration did change the BTech curriculum a bit after our batch, mostly by rearranging the courses and removing a few. Overall those changes are great in my opinion.
Disclaimer: This post doesn't aim to demean any of the professors or degrade the academic domain of courses. This is an opinion thread of a student's experiences.

Semester - 1

1. Basic Electronic Circuits: It's an extension to the Electronic circuits (AC/DC, transistors, etc.) which we studied in 12th. The course would be helpful in the future courses of EL in better understanding the circuits. But, apart from that, it would serve no use if you are going to pursue a software career.
   1. Professors: The professors (Srimanta Mandal and Anjan Ghosh) are boring, and whatever they teach you in class would completely help in acing the exam. You have to study by yourself and do some practice.
   2. Assignments: Straight from the textbooks which they recommend. You can easily find solutions on the internet.
   3. Grading: Gave decent grades.
2. Calculus: One of the first mathematics course. again an extension of the calculus you studied in 12th, so a bit easy to catch up and learn. The course provides a solid foundation in advance calculus problems and would become helpful in some courses of data science or machine learning.
   1. Professors: Nabin Sahu is a great professor. Has knowledge and solves doubts too. You should just remain a sincere student in class. If you all as a batch irritate him frequently, then mark my words, he would give you shit grades. That wasn't the case with us, but with the juniors batch. He gave decent grades. But Manoj Raut is a bad prof, doesn't know how to teach, would just say random shit in class which doesn't make sense to you. So stay away.
   2. Assignments: Same as BEC. straight from textbooks. find solutions on the internet.
   3. Grading: Good. Don't disturb Nabin Sahu much and he would give good grades. If you dare to disturb him in the class, be prepared for his wrath :)
3. Engineering Design Workshop: Honestly have zero idea why this course exists. They would teach you AutoCAD, some mechanical tools and concepts, and would give you a project at the end of the course. In offline, the project part is a bit interesting. But the rest of the course is just useless to say the least.
   1. Professor: Anil Roy a senior psycho professor takes the course. Beware of his Dissociative identity disorder (DID). On some days he would be chill and would crack jokes in the class. but when he gets triggered (and trust me it's quite hard to predict what triggers him) he will ensure that it's unbearable to attend the lecture.
   2. Assignments: He gives the same assignments every year. Probably ask your seniors for it.
   3. Grading: If you are girl student, he would treat you softly by default and you have a good chance to score better grades, just by buttering. I know this sounds very sexist, but the prof himself is a sexist person. For the guys, just be sincere if you want good grades. Otherwise he does a decent grading.
4. Language and Literature: I really enjoyed the course. It's the first humanities course you would study in the college. We had a very great prof, Shweta Garg, who made the course interesting to go through. You would have multiple different readings and class discussions. See humanities courses have polarizing opinions. Some like it, some don't. My advice: They help you improve your communication skills a lot (which is crucial for the outside/corporate world) and give you different perspectives to look at life. So I like them (most of).
   1. Professor: Shweta Garg is a nice professor to have discussions with in class. But sadly she left the institute a year back. But I have heard the new professor, Amishal Modi, is also very chill and teaches the course in an interesting manner.
   2. Assignments: These are something where you might have to give efforts as they are based sometimes on the readings and classroom discussions. The group project is also very interesting exercise.
   3. Grading: Good grading. Take care of your exams, and participate in classroom discussions. that would help.
5. Introduction to Programming (and its Lab): The course teaches C language starting from the basics. If you learnt it in your 10th/12th, it would give you an edge. But if not, the course teaches you from scratch. It is very helpful in building the foundation for learning programming. For the exams, slides are 60-70%. And you can read the Let Us C book for added knowledge.
   1. Professors: Manish Khare and Bakul Gohel would teach simultaneously. Both are good profs. Bakul sir has better knowledge imo, Manish sir would bore you out with his teaching. But you can navigate this course by yourself too without attending lectures, with the help of youtube, peers, TAs.
   2. Assignments: Good assignments. would recommend to do them yourself rather than copying. It would help you polish your skills.
   3. Grading: Good grading. You can score well with efforts in exam and assignments.

Semester - 2

1. Approaches to Indian Society: A humanities course. The lectures were boring for me. But the project was interesting. The readings which they provide are a great read.
   1. Professor: Bharani Kollipara is a very chill professor. In the final presentation too, he won't ask scathing questions, instead discuss different aspects of the group project.
   2. Assignments: Same what I told before. you might have to do them by yourself as they are reading based.
   3. Grading: Chill. Just ace your presentation and exam (exam is not fairly easy too).
2. Data Structures (and Lab): A very helpful course in building the foundations for programming. The profs are very strict. But I will suggest if you really put in your time in this course, it would definitely help you while preparing for your placements (as you would have understood the basics of DSA). Also in the Lab, they would teach you Object Oriented Programming, which would also be a solid foundation for your placement prep.
   1. Professor: V Sunitha is an extremely strict professor. She doesn't teach properly and the classes are quite boring. Instead you can learn through youtube. But the attendance part makes it necessary to attend the lectures.
   2. Assignments: I will suggest to do them yourselves. the lab work too.
   3. Grading: If you want good grades, just remain a sincere student in her class. If you as a batch create nuisance, she won't give good grades.
3. Discrete Mathematics: Mathematics course. It's also helpful in your future courses. I didn't focus on the course during my time. and later whenever the concepts from this came, I had to go and revise/refresh that topic. But you would have to do self study more, because the profs don't teach much in detail. Tutorials and exams are moderate, and for solving them, you need to study things apart from the classroom teachings.
   1. Professor: Rahul Muthu is a chill prof, but understanding what he teaches in the class is difficult. Not all can grasp what he is teaching. Manish Gupta also teaches in other section and it's easier to understand.
   2. Assignments: Can be solved with the help of internet. some of them are textbook problems only.
   3. Grading: depends on the prof's mood and the class. If your batch makes nuisance, they would be strict on the grading.
4. Digital Logic Design: It's all about gates and Logic design. Now the course is a bit tweaked and the syllabus is modified somewhat. The course is fairly easy to understand.
   1. Professor: Vinay Palaparthy can be considered one of the chillest profs in DA. Just attend the lectures and he would tell you 90% of the question paper :) If not, you can just attend the lectures before the exam too. He has good knowledge, but also knows that BTech guys here are less interested in EL courses. so he has a very chill vibe.
   2. Assignments: Quite easy to solve.
   3. Grading: Chill. Vinay sir means chill grading policy.
5. Introduction to Communication Systems: It was the first CT course for our batch. But, now according to the new curriculum this course is shifted to 4th sem. 50-60% of the curriculum is really interesting, but as soon as you hear the words Fourier Transformation (one of the most dreadful topics :) ) things start to go above your head. I am not saying impossible, but you might have to give some time digesting those concepts. Overall, it introduces some great topics, which are overall helpful in further CT courses.
   1. Professor: "No-nonsense person" - A perfect definition to suit professor Yash Vasavada. That guy has a ton of knowledge in very diverse domains. But, you know, sometimes people feel bored in his lectures because of his slow pace in teaching. I particularly liked the coursework, so remained engaged in the lectures.
   2. Assignments: One peculiar thing about Prof vasavada, is he would give assignments which require your effort. MATLAB is your companion here.
   3. Grading: If you give good presentation, your chances of getting better grades increases. The exams are somewhat moderate to tough.

Semester - 3

1. Design and Analysis of Algorithms: The other half to make your fundamentals of DSA strong. The course introduces you to the basics of algorithms. You will learn sorting, searching, tree/graph traversals, etc. Most of the times, the profs rush through the end topics which is a downside because the tree and graph traversals are quite important to learn for DSA, CP, placements, etc. So, once you get a good grip of the concepts, start solving "basic" questions on DSA platforms like Leetcode, Hackerrank, etc.
   1. Professor: The teaching profs of this course keep changing generally. We had Supantha Pandit who is a chill prof. But, the classes are boring to attend.
   2. Assignments: Again I would say, do them by yourself - don't copy. That would help for your own benefit.
   3. Grading - Depends on prof, but in general it's chill.
2. Electromagnetic Theory: An extension to the EMT which you studied in 12th. Don't know why this course exists and how it helps. It would be helpful for a very small set of students who want to pursue the electronics domain (maybe).
   1. Professor: We had Mukesh Tiwari and Arnab Ray. Both have an amazing set of knowledge in this domain. I was in Mukesh Tiwari's section. He teaches very well and it's easier to grasp the concepts compared to other courses' profs.
   2. Assignments: Since we were in the online mode, our tutorials were chill. Mostly textbook questions, which you can find solutions online.
   3. Grading: Decent.
3. Groups and Linear Algebra: The third mathematics course. I personally like algebra, and this was an extension of the 12th class algebra, so I really enjoyed the course. (Honestly, I didn't study at all for this course during the sem, and got to know about the course content only during exam time, so have a bit of regret). Again this course would be helpful indirectly in understanding some programming concepts (you can trust me on this).
   1. Professor: Aditya Tatu and Rahul Muthu were the profs. Aditya Tatu teaches well and we used to see his lecture's recording only for the exams. Rahul sir's lectures didn't make much sense for me personally.
   2. Assignments: Easy to moderate. Many of them textbook questions but some unique ones.
   3. Grading: Decent (but this opinion differs batch to batch). For exams, you would have to study the concepts in better detail (Gajendra Purohit's YT playlist is a gem for this).
4. Signals and Systems: A CT course. Comparatively an easy one I can say. As it is more logical and a bit less theoretical. Don't know where it helps apart from future CT courses.
   1. Professor: We had Rajib Lochan Das, but I don't think he is now in the institute.
   2. Assignments: mostly Textbook questions, some different.
   3. Grading: We had a decent grading. But greatly depends on the prof.
5. Computer Organization: I think in the recent curriculum this course is merged with that Digital Logic Design one. So only some portions of what we studied would come for you. It is a decent course. Gives an overview of the kernel and assembly language coding.
   1. Professor: We had prof Amit Bhatt, but he is currently not a part of the institute. He had good subject matter knowledge.
   2. Assignments: mostly easy ones.
   3. Grading: we had a chill one, but depends on who the prof is.
6. Science, Technology, and Society: The only HM course I hated. The curriculum wasn't interesting enough for me. I didn't even understood what the readings tried to convey, what the project meant and what the professor wanted as an outcome from the project, and many things.
   1. Professor: Shefali Jha was a bit boring (personal opinion, other people might differ). She is a feminist kinda person and favours girls a bit more. even talks more with them in class discussions.
   2. Grading: If you can impress the prof in presentation then you would get good grades. Also class interactions matter.

Semester - 4

1. Probability, Statistics, Information Theory: The last mathematics course. It's an extension of the Probability and Statistics of 11-12th. The course is really good, and is helpful. From the perspective of placements too, the course is helpful, since many companies ask MCQs on these.
   1. Professor: We had the OG Gagan Garg. A chill and humorous prof. But now, he also has left the institute. Madhukant Sharma who teaches now, is a bit terrible prof. So take care of his grading policy.
   2. Assignments: Mostly textbook questions.
   3. Grading: Depends on prof. Madhukant has a stricter one. Exams were fairly straightforward for us, mostly similar to tutorial ques. But, you might have to confirm with the current batches.
2. Analog Communication and Transmission Line Theory: A CT course. Mostly theoretical. somewhat boring too.
   1. Professor: Deepak Ghodgaonkar teaches this. He would give you textbook snippet PDFs and just mug up those sections by heart, because he would just ask those same things as it is in the paper. Just pour out jo tumne ratta mara. :)
   2. Grading: Reiterating the above point. If you can mug up things, remember them precisely word to word, you can score in exams.
3. Analog Circuits: An EL course. Extension of the BEL course of 1st sem. Don't know where this course helps apart from EL electives. Learning electronic circuits was tough thing for me, so try to learn that out.
   1. Professor: Rutu Parekh is a chill and amazing person. If you are a gujju and can do great vaato, you have chances of getting good grades.
   2. Assignments: moderate.
   3. Grading: Exams would majorly determine your grades.
4. Systems Software: A course similar to Operating Systems but a more foundational one. You would learn Linux, Threading, etc. I really liked the course and found it helpful too later in different aspects.
   1. Professor: Amit Mankodi is an amazing prof with great knowledge and good teaching style. You just have to just catch his speed of teaching, as he covers a lot in each lecture. I would say, he is the most systematic prof, as he keeps the lectures, code files and many other things organized pretty well.
   2. Assignments: Quite intuitive and interesting to solve. Would suggest not to copy and do them yourselves.
   3. Grading: The exams are on the tougher side. And hence it is a bit difficult to get 9/10.
5. Environmental Studies: Another HM course but termed as an SC course. Prof Vasavada teaches a lot and provides excessive content against the lower number of credits the course has. A fairly easy course to go through. But have to mug up a lot of content for exams.
   1. Professor: Yash Vasavada is quite dedicated in teaching the course. But at some time, it becomes exhausting with the detailed content.
   2. Assignments: Not many. Majorly a group project.
   3. Grading: If you put up a great presentation, chances of receiving good grades are high.
6. Engineered Materials: I won't say anything about this course, since it has been removed now. Can write a complete thread ranting about Anil Roy, but don't want to waste my time. If at all this course comes up as an elective, my advice, don't take it. The course has nothing to offer, neither the prof.

Semester - 5

1. Digital Communications: Another CT course. It's not completely theoretical and somewhat interesting. Personally I found Digital part to be more easy to grasp than the Analog part. But still a lot of mugging up of theory and derivations of formulae.
   1. Professor: Deepak Ghodgaonkar and Abhishek Jindal. Deepak Ghodgaonkar literally just reads out paragraphs from the textbook snips and doesn't teach anything. Jindal sir does teach some concepts. He seems a chill prof, but is slightly cunning so beware in your interactions.
   2. Grading: As mentioned earlier, Deepak sir would make a purely theoretical paper, straight from the textbook snippets. On the other hand, Jindal sir would give more practical (solving problems) type questions. So be prepared to do a mix of both. They generally divide in either of these manner: Each prof makes paper of each insem or they both make 50-50 percent of the paper. The grading is based on exams mostly.
2. Principle of Economics: Really interesting course from the name. I also enjoyed it a fair part. It covers many fundamental topics and that was the best part. Finance folks would enjoy the curriculum.
   1. Professor: We had both new profs - Cyril Jos and Gaurav Kumar Singh. Gaurav sir was chill as hell in class, he would just go past his ppt and explain things (along with saying "Right" 100-200 times in a lecture :) ). Cyril sir just whiz past through his ppt and covers a ton of topics in every lecture and you can't grasp everything for sure. And it really becomes a pain in the ass when going through those 500-600 pages PPTs during insem prep.
   2. Grading: We had a really chill grading done. But further batches faced stricter policies, so ask your immediate seniors for better knowledge.
3. Database Management Systems: An important course as it covers SQL. PostgreSQL and PgAdmin would be your buddies. The course would cover for almost 60-70% placement prep for you, so would suggest to learn properly. The profs are mid. So you might have to learn some things yourselves too. Overall a very helpful course.
   1. Professor: (Different profs take the course from batch-to-batch) We had Minal Bhise and Rachit Chhaya. Minal Bhise is a typical old atrocious bitch professor. She doesn't know how to teach much. Rachit sir on the other hand is a chill prof and teaches well too.
   2. Assignment: I would suggest to do them yourselves, considering the importance of the course. Most of the lab work, they would ask you to complete in lab only.
   3. Grading: Shit grading policy. Minal Bhise, being the senior prof, dictated the grading policy and gave good grades to very few people.
4. Embedded Hardware Design: Ohh man. What should I say. Our batch had its worst nightmare in this course. Initial two months both the profs didn't teach much and most of the lectures got cancelled. And then the prof just had some mood swings at the end of the course and awarded shittiest grades we ever saw. The course project (programming elevator) was same for each group, yet he was disappointed from everyone.
   1. Professor: We had Biswajit Mishra and Vinay Palaparthy. Just stay away from Biswajit as far as you can. If someone can give competition to Anil Roy, it's Biswajit. Vinay sir was really chill and infact he did give some hints also about the question paper during lectures. But Biswajit decided on the grading part (again because he was a senior prof). BUT, if you have Tapas Kumar Maiti as prof, it would be somewhat chill course (Our juniors had him).
   2. Assignments: If you get that elevator project, do it somewhat properly, to save your grades.
   3. Grading: Biswajit dictated the grading and gave really bad grades. He even changed the policy in the middle of the semester.
5. Computer Networks: Somewhat important course as it covers a fundamental domain of Computer Science - Networks. I really enjoyed the lectures and the course in general. The prof was good, exams were also not that difficult and provided good set of knowledge. Some companies do ask CN in their tests/interviews, so this would become helpful for sure.
   1. Professor: PS Kalyan Sasidhar is a great prof. Has subject knowledge, knows hows to teach, and doesn't have any nakhre.
   2. Assignments: Easy ones. Would suggest doing them by yourselves, as there is a lab viva too.
   3. Grading: Chill policy. If you are above average, you would get >=8 for sure.
6. (ELECTIVE) Optimization: I took Opti, some people took other courses too. Won't say this is the best option or so, you can take a course as per your interest. But one important thing - Take optimization as elective only and only if Manish Kumar is the prof. If Manoj Raut is teaching, stay away. The course is very chill teaches 3 main important formulae/methods which are the only things you need to learn. The only skill which you require is good maths (Not advance, but good at subtraction, addition, multiplication, division) and patience.
   1. Professor: Manish Kumar teaches well. You can attend the lectures and would just have to revise the formulae before exams and you are all set. DONT GO IF THERE IS MANOJ RAUT teaching the course. If some other prof, then ask around, before taking.
   2. Assignments: Chill.
   3. Grading: Our seniors had chill grading. Our was moderate. But, you need to ensure that your calculations are precise and proper in exams, because those are very statistical and long calculations spanning 2-3 pages.

Semester - 6

1. Software Engineering: My first impressions were that most of the course content is not at all helpful. When you attend the lectures, you think, why am I studying this (though being an IT course). But later I realised the profs are bad at teaching. The concepts taught and asked in exams are in general helpful in real world (Class Diagrams, and all those diagrams, Agile, etc.) But, they don't even focus on such aspects. Believe it or not, the slides go beyond 800 when you read them for your exams, but doesn't have even 10% helpful information in there.
   1. Professor: Saurabh Tiwari and Manish Khare. Saurabh sir still teaches somewhat better but is very strict. He catches people who sneak out of the lectures in between (yes it's happened in our batch couple of times). Manish Khare doesn't know anything. Neither his slides nor he himself makes any sense in general.
   2. Project: I would suggest you to contribute in the group project of this course. They ask you to develop a full fledged software application in group. Pick a team (frontend/backend doesn't matter) and learn atleast one new language/technology. The project and your skill would be a great add to your resume.
   3. Grading: Moderate to decent.
2. (ELECTIVE) Econometric Data Analysis with R: A new course at our time so I took it. If you like Data Analysis, this is a good course. It would teach you great stuff. Gaurav Kumar Singh is a mid prof. You will understand a few things, but would have to learn other concepts by yourself. Many good concepts of Probability and Statistics are covered in this.
   1. Professor: Gaurav Kumar Singh has a background of Economics and Data Analysis so he has good knowledge. But his teaching is just decent not good. But a really nice and chill prof.
   2. Assignments: Easy to moderate. If you are interested in Data Analysis field, would suggest to do them yourselves.
   3. Grading: Moderate. He did somewhat stricter grading. But that was also because less people attending his lectures and he didn't like that.
3. (ELECTIVE) Human Computer Interaction: I really don't know how the Deans and other senior members approved this to be a full fledged course. The course content is so minimal, and chill, every year, the seats fill up and the registrations of this course exceed the limit. I am not demeaning the domain, but I think there are more things which could fit in. If you like designing or want to go in UI/UX, this course would help. Anyways, it's a win-win situation for you, if you get this elective. It's very chill and you literally have a lot of high chance of scoring a 10 pointer very easily.
   1. Professor: P S Kalyan Sasidhar, as mentioned earlier, is a chill no-nonsense prof. He passionately teaches the course.
   2. Assignments: Actually the assignments are really interesting as it requires you to think in a different approach. The prof has designed them really well.
   3. Grading: Chill. You can easily get good grades >=8.
4. (ELECTIVE) Operating Systems: Another important course from placements perspective. Also a very foundational course for Computer Science in general. I really enjoyed this one too as the prof (also read below more about the prof) as good knowledge of subject matter and taught really well. You can attend all the lectures and 70-80% prep for your exams are done. Threads, Locks, Semaphores, Memory management etc are the concepts you would learn.
   1. Professor: Take the course if Prof Anish Mathuria is taking (even sem). Don't take it, if Sanjay Srivastava is taking (odd sem). Sanjay sir does very strict grading.
   2. Assignments: Easy to Moderate.
   3. Grading: Moderate. You can score good grades. If you don't attend the lectures, then also the slides and practice questions of Anish sir would help you out.
5. (ELECTIVE) Indian Cinema: This was being offered for the first time and I took the course. One of my best decisions. If you like films, want to learn about the history of Bollywood, and some concepts about art in films, take this course. The prof arranges weekly streaming of films where we see a new film from different genres, different decades, different languages (Indian still). Don't expect to see mainstream Bollywood. But, if you are film connoisseur, you would enjoy the course. Engage in class discussions too.
   1. Professor: Jenson Joseph is a really nice prof. He has subject domain knowledge and teaches well too. Discussions with him are also interesting in lectures.
   2. Assignments: Very few.
   3. Grading: We had a very chill grading. Take care of your presentation, make a good one, put in efforts. And if you attended the lectures, your exams would also go well. If he remembers your name/face (in a good manner, good student) you would get good grades.
6. (ELECTIVE) Cloud Computing: Would introduce you to the cloud and its subdomains. The prof would teach you about Azure and other concepts. Some placement companies do have Cloud Computing knowledge as requirements, so this might help. Not a deal breaker course, but a chill one.
   1. Professor: Lavneet Singh is a chill prof, has subject domain knowledge and teaches well.
   2. Assignments: Moderate. Some are tough too.
   3. Grading: Decent. You can easily get >=7.
7. (ELECTIVE) Exploratory Data Analysis: Ideally, this is an introductory course for the MSc DS students. But is open for BTech folks too. Gopinath Panda is a very chill prof and the course also is like a breeze of air (very chill). If you like Data Analysis, take this.
   1. Professor: Gopinath Panda is a chill prof. I don't know if he has a background in this domain, but teaches decently.
   2. Grading: Very Chill. Just do your project well and submit lab assignments timely. All set.

Semester - 7

1. (ELECTIVE) Information Retrieval: This elective requires higher CGPA to take, because it is actually intended for MTech ML Students, but is opened for BTech. This was a gem of course as it challenged me and I felt rewarded going through each assignment/project/exam as I learned something new. This course lies in the domain of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and towards the end, you also get an overview of how LLM works. There is a bit of steep learning curve, but attending the lectures would help. We had a very nice professor taking the course, and he explained things very well. If you prior knowledge of Machine Learning (Neural Networks) it helps in the later part of the course.
   1. Professor: Sandip Modha is a really great prof. He has a good knowledge in the subject domain and is passionate in teaching. But he was a visiting faculty, and generally Prof Prasenjit Majumder takes the course. But you can have him as well too, as he is also a good prof.
   2. Assignments: Moderate to Difficult. Google Colab would be your buddy. If you really want to learn, do the assignment by yourselves. Or if you are using chatGPT, know what the code does.
   3. Grading: Put efforts in the group project. The presentation would help you get good grades, if your project is good. Remain around or above average in exams for >=9, otherwise expect around 8 grade.
2. (ELECTIVE) Big Data Processing: This course introduces you to NoSQL databases. Overall it's really helpful because in modern software applications, NoSQL databases are present. You need to put efforts in learning the concepts as the Prof doesn't teach that well. I really liked the course along with the project as it was really interesting to learn and easy to understand. The course is very logical and intuitive to understand. But, The latter part of the course becomes more theoretical where DynamoDB comes up, so you would have to mug those up for exams.
   1. Professor: P M Jat is a nice chill prof. He teaches decently, but puts attendance policy, so you have to attend the lectures. He would randomly pin point people in class and ask questions from previous lectures. But doesn't have much nakhre.
   2. Assignments: Easy to Moderate.
   3. Grading: Put efforts in the project, if you ace that, then chances of good grades are high. The exams are mostly objective and some subjective.
3. (ELECTIVE) Introduction to Modern Algebra: Funny story: Out of more than 100 students registered for this course, only 5 people attended the lectures. Reason being, its content is very similar to the Groups and Linear Algebra course, so it was quite easy to go through this course. The prof might change the curriculum a bit in future. But until then, take this course up, it would be easy to go through.
   1. Professor: Sudip Bera is a new prof. He initially provided lecture notes as well as typed latex notes. But when students didn't attend his lectures (obviously because he was providing such neat and tidy notes) he stopped giving those. Still a chill prof.
   2. Grading: It was very dicey to score in exams, as they were the only grading component. He gave 25 mark question paper, with just 5 questions, each 5 marks. If you get something wrong in one question, no partial marks awarded. So you either get 5 or 0 for a question. But, if you have prepared decently, you can get a 7/8 (and that's only what normal students aim in 7th sem).
4. (ELECTIVE) Human Behaviour Management: Another weird HM course. Although it was quite chill to pass through, I personally didn't like the prof. Nandini Banerjee is a strange feminist prof who would just victim card females (out of no context). The course didn't require much effort as such. Attend lectures, interact with the prof, put your logical opinions, and put some efforts in project.
   1. Professor: Nandini Banerjee is a counsellor on campus, but I would refrain someone to go to her for any kind of counselling (trust me have heard many other people's accounts too and all of them have bad experiences). She has very less subject knowledge, discusses random topics in the classroom, and would give a mix of slides assembled from various sources. Don't worry hearing all this, you can still take the course, if you don't want much load in your 7th sem. It's not that bad too.
   2. Assignments: Some book readings and other group activities.
   3. Grading: Put in efforts in your presentation. Do a skit in it. Just impress the prof, so you atleast get a 7. Then perform good in exams and make it 8/9.
5. (ELECTIVE) Detection and Estimation Theory: Just don't take this course. Srimanta Mandal is the prof and doesn't teach quite well, makes the course boring. If I have to summarize in one line, "He teaches plain rice in lectures, and asks Hyderabadi Biryani with Curd Raita in exams". Staying away from this course would be in the best of your interest.

Relationship of 5 yrs and now planning to get married, but Bf saying weird things. Need advice, pls!
I am 31F, after a relationship 4 yrs we decided to get married, asked our family to meet and it took one year for them to accept us and be ready to meet.
My family wasn't completely onboard with the idea but somehow I convinced them to meet my bf and his family to get to know him. Weird things happend in the 2 days when we met - his family members persistently tried to force their decision on how, when, where the marriage should happen and how we should take care of "everything". Wanted to know what they will be "gifting" their daughter in her wedding etc. My BF and I had already discussed these "gifts" things won't happen and cost will be split among us(my bf and I) so there is no pressure on our families. I conveyed the same to my parents beforehand but his family completely blindsided us and my bf said he can't do anything because that's what the elders have decided in his family.
Moreover, the ladies of his family wanted to meet me alone and during the meet they basically boasted about themselves and didn't ask much about me. Whatever I said was given a negative feedback like - you have a cook and a maid for household chores, at your age we were working and we used to manage everything by us, and a lot of other things were said in a very condescending way. I was told to loose weight before my marriage because I should look good when I'm on stage, which having lunch they kept on making comments on my choice to eat Butter naan instead of roti, I took a second helping and they said they only eat 1 roti and smirked. They said they don't like my nature because I was too outspoken (and honestly, I didn't even speak as much because they kept talking about themselves and the comments they were passing at me I was keeping quite just so I don't break into crying.)
Later on I conveyed all this to my bf, and he said his family thinks me of their own so they said whatever they felt like and I shouldn't mind. After a lot of back and forth he convinced his family about the dates and costing but my issue was also that I felt disrespected throughout the meet and I wanted a confirmation if this type of behaviour is going to continue in the future.
For this he said - my family doesn't like you but they are willing for our marriage because I want to marry you and I don't know how you will live with them and they can be very mean towards people whom they don't like. I asked what he meant by being "mean" then he said I might get some tanas now and then and he expects me to keep quite and try to warm up by paying extra attention to his parents and try to win their hearts.
I am baffled by his statement. I feel like he wants me to be mum even if I'm being mistreated and try to win their hearts by enduring humiliation. He additionally said that his family is a bit traditional in terms of "hm ladke Wale hain, hmara baat toh unko manna hi padega". I was again shocked, I asked him if he feels we are equal in our relationship, he said yes and they I asked why do you feel our family should be treated differently? Moreover, after meeting his family my parents are hell-bent againt our marriage, and he knows that so I asked him - how do you expect me to convince my parents after how your family behaved with my parents and me in the meeting? And also tell them that your family is always going to treat me and my family in the same way and they should be okay with this?
I asked him, how can he be okay with these things and why doesn't it bother him that his family is okay with humiliating me and my family in the first meet and they are shamelessly saying this is going to happen again in the future. I told him that if his family is so rude and is confidently vocal about it sharing their thoughts then it only means that they don't feel this will hurt you also, and if he creates a boundry with his family everything will be resolved. To this he just said - I can't tell my mom and dad to forbid you from giving 'tanas' , this will ruin our(his parents and mine) relationship and he doesn't want to get in between us. I asked him what does he think will happen if they are constantly criticising me - will it harbor positive relationship? Or will I become bitter towards his parents and also him for not standing up?
I am a working woman in Mumbai, and am at a very good stage in my career and my bf and I earn the same. My aims I'm my career are even higher, I have plans for starting my own company in near future. My bf understood these things and was always supportive but now I feel I don't fit in his family. The kind of questions they asked me were mostly regarding my cooking and household chores, how frequently I visit mandir, do fasting etc. And they were snarky when I said I don't do it myself because I'm busy with my office work. His family also commented how they didn't like my outspoken attitude and that I wasn't behaving like a 'bride to be'. The most problematic thing is now my bf is trying to tell me things like - post marriage you'll have to do Puja daily early in the morning, 2 days fasting weekly and follow their family pandits guidelines. He said his parents are not accustomed to eat cook's food so I can keep a cook but only for help and I should atleast 50% of the cooking (atleast one meal a day).
My heart is just breaking because I am not the kind of girl him and his family expect. I have never been religious, I have never been very good with household chores and all my life I have had cooks and maids. Also, how am I supposed to manage my 12 hours work along with Cooking and starting my own business?
I feel lost. I feel like my life will be hell after this marriage. I feel I should call quits and let him find the kind of girl his family wants - it will easier for both of us and our families. But at the same time, I really love him and I can't imagine leaving this and starting from scratch specially given my age. Am I thinking too much into these things? Or should I actually call quits? What are your unbiased opinions?

https://youtu.be/t13BoiiFuiA?si=xIYr3qK2eng_FiB3
At 1:42:35
You can see this interview is with AVM studio owner , one of the OG's in Tamil cinema production.
This time frame the interviewer asks about Ridhi Kapoor and how he have a hard time to studio owners. The interview is in Tamil though.
The studio prepared a story and script and the reading for the script was demanded by Rishi ji in oberoi sheraton . Since it was Friday and during 1970's the auspicious work isn't suppose to start between 10.30-12 , hence he was asked to come before 10.30. The studio owner says he lives in Mumbai , but for script reading he demanded that they book room in sheraton.
They kept waiting and at 11 15 they get. Call saying Rishi has just gotten up and will get in some time. He reached by 11 45 and then studio owner asked that they shall wait 15 more mins , but Rishi made fun of how of it on top of being late.

1. Studio.owner also mentions how the initial talk was with Raj kapoor as Raj and studio owner dad have worked together before.

3.rishi after listening to script asks that who is the heroine and owner says it is jeysudha and upcoming artist, Rishi demands to show the picture. But owner says next week any way they have a party where Rishi supposed to come. Let's plan the meet there. 4. Rishi demands to meet jaypradha in private to the makers and meeting goes for an hour. Also he steps out and says nothing but that the studio manager to come and meet him in Mumbai later.

1. On meeting with the studio manager , Rishi says he doesn't want to work with jaypradha , and demands to put sulaxna pandit as the heroine.
   
2. Makers didn't agree it seems and Rishi was already given an advance of 50000..since Rishi denied , the makers asked the money and Rishi said that he has already flown to Madras once and came for script reading once (both were founded by studio). And demanded that the makers should give them money for the time he has spent.
   

Hi, please see my KP System chart details in the image shared. Based on that, please advice which gemstones to wear - It appears that I should wear Rahu's and Ketu's gemstones per my KP chart details. Is this correct?
Past history - An astrologer in Mumbai suggested I wear Pearl, Coral and Diamond when I was in my high school, based on parashar or bhrigu system. They didnt make any difference in my life. In 2021, another parashar astrologer suggested that the right gemstone for me is Yellow Saphire (since 2011 during my Jupiter mahadasha I went through lof of difficulties, mental agony followed by divorce, then sufferred trauma resulting in PTSD). I wore yellow saphire as suggested, but in June 2023 I lost my 20 year job. So I took it off. Then to help my 10th house, I wore authentic Diamond ring since Oct 2023. I got new job in Dec 2023, but sufferred an unnecessary mental upset in Feb & March 2024 - a woman at my work gave me lot of hints indicating a romantic interest in me, had a lot of 1 one 1 lunches, hanging outs etc. and she spent more and more time with me; sensing a good opportunity I expressed to her that i was interested to take this forward if she is also interested, then she tells me that she is interested but she is married so its a no go:( I felt i was played by her all along and it took me past 2 weeks to move past this total waste of my time and energy and I still cannot stop thinking about her!
So I am planning on removing my diamond ring, and wondering if I should try gemstone under kp system before giving up on gemstone rings and remedies completely. Please advice.
https://preview.redd.it/6bznhy7lfatc1.jpg?width=1707&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=79c13b5a7dc82edf19677d4b0ed1b53b43018b36

Hindus have become the most coward people today. Today hindu girls are ¢hopped, sisters and mothers are being r@ped in sandeshkhali, child's are throat sit, priests are beaten to death, kashmiri pandits massacred, temples are taxed, not allowed to teach thier religion. Don't your blood boils?? I respect third genders because I am a Hindu but you guys are hizras, who are just keyboard warriors, no work on ground. Only thing you guys do in this sub is upload memes. A single Charlie hebdo case shook whole Europe but you guys are still living with muslims eating biryani and becoming chara of bhai chara, infact defending muslims. I felt like crying when I saw 3rd child in badayu case but when I saw Sajid being celebrated and no voice/outrage from hindus, it was over for me. Hindu's won't survive like this , I didn't consider Budhism because they don't have chance against Islam, if india were budhist country during islamic invasion, we would have been muslims. Sikhs are strong not physically but politically, when muslims abducted a girl and forcefully married her to in Jammu, they retook the girl back into faith. They are most closest to Advaita. We need to become political entity, Sikhs have nihangs(warriors priests), Jews and muslims have maulanas who spend thier life for religion, whole hindu priests are being taxed and beaten to death. They gather every week once to discuss religion and thier next political plans but hindus don't even go to religion.
We need a religious entity which has base in every colony like Rss sakhas but not a joke(that's how tmc work, they are present in every colony and threaten bjp voters)recruits all sanatanis(specially young boys and girls) for martial trains, teaching religion and discuss thier political moves. We need to promote to promote UCC, they should not have more than 3 children even if they have 4 wives from all wives, if they violate, they won't get jobs or any government benifit/service. Remove blasphemy laws, it is the only thing which is blocking people to expose islam. Don't discriminate third genders(not lgbt), bring them to hinduism and they should work for betterment of society and religion.Support only hindus bhaichara and never a secular hindu(jay chands), convert them into kattar by showing reality of islam . But we cowards can't even Boycott muslims shops, halal products, biryanis, tailors and puncherwalas. Every hindus must have Shastra(martial training for both girls and boys), Shaastra, Sewa(service to society/temple near you atleast on holidays) and Artha(rich should donate some amount for the religion) Wake up Hindus, sanatan is not religion it is civilization. Your city will be next Kashmir , sandeshkhali, badayu and your sisters and mother's will be next ............

I have been following the writings and works of some prominent far-right intellectuals (which is what I consider defenders of Hindutva to be) for a while now. Mr Aravindan Neelakandan is someone who I find to be a rather strange personality. Although he is constantly espousing Hindutva and trying to justify the view that Mr Savarkar was not involved in evils like the assassination of Mahatma Gandhi, he appears to have this bizarrely "liberal" side that manifests in writing articles that call for a "unity" between Mahatma Gandhi and Mr Savarkar, and that "castigate" for stopping the alleged reformist ideas of Hindutva (like this one?).
It would be one thing if this was a genuine move towards progress, but I believe that, in promoting Hindutva and Mr Savarkar, all Mr Neelakandan is doing is giving an attractive packaging to the same old poison. Sometimes, I feel as if he is sincerely confused about what he is writing (for example, he once wrote that Gandhiji's Bhajan "Ishwar Allah Tero Nam" (the Ram Dhun) is the "highest expression" of Hindutva. And yet, Mr Neelakandan, in the same article, says that this can help us to "incorporate" other religions. In other words, this pluralism is not meant to make other religions more open (that are inherently flawed), but is a useful tool to expand Hinduism/Hindutva/Hindu civilisation. Is this what Mahatma Gandhi had in mind when he said that God is one? I highly doubt it. He was the one who wrote these words:
"Let me explain what I mean by religion. It is not the Hindu religion which I certainly prize above all other religions, but the religion which transcends Hinduism, which changes one's very nature, which binds one indissolubly to the Truth within and whichever purifies."
—Young India, 12-5-20, p. 2
At this stage, I believe that Mr Neelakandan is either deceiving himself or others. Either way, it is an attempt that is doomed to fail.
But this isn't all that I have noticed in his works. The most troublesome aspect is his willingness to use some rather obscure and dubious sources to support his claims. This article is a good example of this:
https://swarajyamag.com/amp/story/ideas/why-jawaharlal-nehru-can-be-called-a-racist-and-why-he-wasnt-one
Ostensibly open-minded in its approach, it cites sources like an old Tamil weekly and Mr Sita Ram Goel (we all know how much he loved Pandit Nehru and how unbiased he was) to claim that Pandit Nehru was occasionally violent. With respect to Mr Goel's claim, I tried to find the speech he mentioned in the Selected Works of Jawaharlal Nehru, but it wasn't there. In fact, there was no speech delivered in Delhi in 1934 or 1935 (which were the years mentioned in the article). As for the Tamil weekly, Mr Neelakandan does not even bother to provide a direct quotation (I could not ascertain the authenticity as I was informed via email that older issues are not available). In the same article, he also makes the bold claim that Pandit Nehru had tried to meet Nazis (which is no doubt an attempt to respond to the well-known fact that he had refused to meet Mr Mussolini). However, Mr Neelakandan just ominously writes "Unfortunately, the truth is a bit different" and the attaches a screenshot from a book/academic paper. No source is provided. Despite trying for a long time, I failed to find the book/paper that was used by Mr Neelakandan. What I did find is this:
"According to a report of the Czechoslovak Consulate in Bombay Jawaharlal Nehru was visited by the then German Consul Graf vonDonhof-Krafftshagen and was officially invited to visit the Nazi Germany "which was allegedly wrongly understood in the world." Similarly as he refused to meet Mussolini in 1936 when in transit in Rome, Nehru avoided to accept also that invitation to Berlin. However, he had already decided to visit Czechoslovakia and even showed interest in joining the Indo-Czechoslovak Society which was being founded in Bombay at that time under the chairmanship and with active participation of the President of the Indian National Congress Subhas Chandra Bose."
—Jawaharlal Nehru and Czechoslovakia at the Time of the 1938 European Crisis, Miloslav Krasa, Sage
This brings me to the catalyst for this post. Today, I saw an article by Mr Neelakandan in which he claimed that Mahatma Gandhi had been invited by Mr Savarkar to speak at the India House. The message, I presume, is to demonstrate his broad-minded approach. This is the article:
https://swarajyamag.com/amp/story/movies/my-expectations-from-randeep-hoodas-swatantrya-veer-savarkar
He has claimed the same in this older article:
https://swarajyamag.com/politics/did-savarkar-think-gandhi-a-sissy-or-is-it-another-case-of-distortion-by-eminent-historians
Apparently, Mr Savarkar was the "leader" of the students at India House and this supposed invitation has been documented by Mr VVS Iyer and Dr TSS Rajan. Now, this is the first time I have stumbled upon this assertion. Everything I have learn so far suggests that there was an event (Mahatma Gandhi was the guest of honour) and both Mahatma Gandhi and Mr Savarkar were there. I do find it interesting how Mr Neelakandan tries to diminish the importance of Mahatma Gandhi while conveniently ignoring that he, by the time the Vijayadashami event occurred, had already become a respectable or at least decently known figure due to his activities in South Africa. At any rate, this is what people like Mr Chaturvedi (who has produced some highly well-researched works on Mr Savarkar) and Dr Guha have written about this:
"In July 1909, M.K. Gandhi travelled from South Africa – where he was settled at the time – to London for the purpose of lobbying the government on behalf of Indians in South Africa. In addition, he wanted to meet Indians based in Britain to better understand their concerns about nationalism and colonialism. In October 1909, he was invited as the guest of honour at a Vijayadashami function, in which he was asked to speak to an audience of sixty or seventy people, which included Savarkar. Gandhi delivered a speech in which he discussed the importance of honouring the king of Ayodhya Ramachandra by all Indians – Hindus, Muslims, and Parsis."
—Violence as Civility: V.D. Savarkar and the Mahatma’s Assassination, Vinayak Chaturvedi, South Asian History and Culture
"On 24 October, he spoke to a mixed gathering of Indians, sharing a platform with V. D. Savarkar. It was Vijaya Dashami, the last day of the Dasehra festival, marking the victory on the battlefield of Ram over Ravan. The moderate and the extremist were a study in contrast. Gandhi wore a tailcoat and a dress shirt. Savarkar was dressed more casually. Gandhi wrote later that ‘Mr Savarkar delivered a spirited speech on the great excellence of the Ramayana.’ Savarkar had insisted that just as, in ancient times, Hindu gods had vanquished Lankan demons with the force of arms, so with the same methods would modern Hindus now put their British conquerors to flight.
A young student who was present remembered – forty years later – the contrast between the two men. Savarkar was ‘by far the most arresting personality’ at the meeting; for ‘around him had been built a flaming galaxy of violent revolutionism’. Gandhi, on the other hand, seemed shy and diffident; the students had to ‘ben[d] their heads forward to hear the great Mr Gandhi speak’. His voice and speech were of a piece with his manner – ‘calm, unemotional, simple, and devoid of rhetoric’.
It fell to Gandhi to introduce Savarkar at the Dasehra meeting. In public he was polite, saying he did not want to stand between the speaker and his audience."
—Dr Ramachandra Guha, Gandhi Before India
Generally, I haven't found many factual inaccuracies in Dr Guha's writings on Mahatma Gandhi. So, if Mahatma Gandhi had to introduce Me Savarkar, how exactly was he "leader" (Mr Neelakandan doesn't even use 'a' before it) of the students and the person who invited Mahatma Gandhi? I am not ruling out the possibility that he was the one who sent/gave the invitation, but Mr Neelakandan makes it seem as if Mr Savarkar made all the decisions independently. If any of you are able to find any information regarding this, I would be extremely grateful for it.
A fact that should also be brought to attention here is that Mahatma Gandhi actually had direct contact with Mr Shyamji Krishna Varma, who was the founder of the India House:
"The first two nights in London were spent at India House, before moving downtown to The Cecil. Later Gandhi returned for at least three long Sunday evening conversations with “the Pandit.”
"Moderate politicians moved to counter the campaign by offering the post to the only man whose reputation could overcome Tilak’s popularity, the aging Dadabhai Naoroji, already twice President before this. The move worked; Dadabhai was offered the nomination, and Krishna-varma tried one last possibility. He sought through private negotiation, with Gandhi as the intermediary, to dissuade the nominee at the last moment."
—Gandhi in London, James D. Hunt
So, he was clearly considered influential and trustworthy enough to convey these messages between two distinguished leaders.
Thank you for reading my post. May your day go well.
Edit: Another piece of evidence against Mr Neelakandan's suggestion that Mr Savarkar invited Mahatma Gandhi is the description given in 'Life of Barrister Savarkar'—a work that is, most probably, an autobiography of Mr Savarkar. Here is what it says:
'One more anecdote and I have done. “ Mr. Gandhi of South Africa Fame” (and not Mahatma Gandhi of our day) happened to be London in 1909, I think, and India House decided to invite him to preside at a dinner organized on the occasion of Dussera Mr. M.K. Gandhi was greatly admired for the firmness of his attitude in regard to what was regarded an onslaught on the rights of south African Indians: but India House looked upon him (and also Mr. Gokhale), as a man of moderate views who was too good-natured or perhaps weak to think of any vigorous line of action.'
Nowhere does this say that it was Mr Savarkar who invited Mahatma Gandhi. If any of you know something that contradicts this point of view, then I would appreciate it if you could share it. If not, the only conclusion I can, sadly, draw from all of this is that Mr Neelakandan is either using dubious sources and conjecture to reach a an unjustified conclusion, or he is simply propagating canards.
Edit 2: Here is another example of the kind of illusions Mr Neelakandan's works spread:
https://swarajyamag.com/ideas/myth-busting-was-b-s-moonje-influenced-by-mussolinis-fascism
In this article, Mr Neelakandan tries to downplay the influence of Mr Mussolini on Dr Moonje (who shaped Dr Hedgewar's ideology and is generally accepted to have seen fascism in a positive light throughout his life). He does so by adopting a two-pronged strategy. Firstly, he tries to form an equivalence between Mahatma Gandhi' meeting with Mr Mussolini and Dr Moonje's meeting. What Mr Neelakandan conveniently does not highlight is that Mahatma Gandhi was invited to visit Italy. This was a rather brief visit in which he, unlike Dr Moonje, did not go to the many military schools and educational in institutions of Italy. The whole visit did not even last three days. On the other hand, Dr Moonje spent nearly 10 days in Italy.
Mr Neelakandan has, unfortunately, convinced himself that cherry-picking is perfectly acceptable. For example, he writes this:
'He did not single out Mussolini's fascist Italy for this purpose, as the diary entry clearly states:
"I said I am interested in the military training of boys and have been visiting the Military Schools of England, France and Germany. I have now come to Italy for the same purpose and I am very grateful to say that the Foreign Office and the War Office have made good arrangements for my visiting these schools."
Marzia Casolari , Hindutva’s Foreign Tie-up in the 1930s Archival Evidence, Economic and Political Weekly, 22-Jan-2000, p..220 (emphasis not in the original)'
But in the same source, this is also present:
"He finally made a clear reference to the Italian and German examples:
'In fact, leaders should imitate the youth movement of Germany and Balilla and Fascist organisations of Italy. I think they are eminently suited for introduction in India, adapting them to suit the special conditions. I have been very much impressed by these movements and I have seen their activities with my own eyes in all details.'"
And when it comes to Mahatma Gandhi, the following fact cannot be ignored either:
'Dressed in paramilitary uniforms and carrying wooden rifles, the cadets staged a march and gymnastics display. After watching this spectacle, Gandhi murmured “disgusting”.'
—https://www.theflorentine.net/2019/02/06/mahatma-gandhi-italian-visit-mussolini/
"I could not be guilty of approving of Fascism or Nazism, whose cult is suppression of the individual and his liberty."
—Mahatma Gandhi, Gandhi: The Years That Changed the World, Dr Ramachandra Guha
"They say this is fascism pure and simple. But they forget that fascism is the naked sword. Under it Dr. Khare should lose his head. The Congress is the very antithesis of fascism, because it is based on non-violence pure and undefiled. Its sanctions are all moral. Its authority is not derived from the control of panoplied black-shirts."
—Mahatma Gandhi, Harijan, 1938
“The idea of fascism vividly brings out the conception of unity amongst people...India and particularly Hindu India need some such institution for the military regeneration of the Hindus… Our institution of Rashtriya Swayamsewak Sangh of Nagpur under Dr Hedgewar is of this kind, though quite independently conceived”
—Dr Moonje, https://www.newsclick.in/why-jaitley-needs-study-link-between-rss-and-fascism
Although Mahatma Gandhi had not studied fascism as closely as Dr Moonje, he still never praised them for their militarisation of Italy. On the other hand, this is precisely what Dr Moonje admired. Even in the later years, one cannot find a work of his in which he repudiates fascism."
Somewhat amusingly, Mr Neelakandan's article describes Dr Moonje as an "anti-racist egalitarian" who was "neither a fascist nor a Nazi". Dr Moonje died in 1948. Why has Mr Neelakandan failed to produce a text/speech that proves Dr Moonje's commitment to dissociate himself from fascism? An example provided by Mr Neelakandan as justification of his position is a quotation from Dr Moonje in which he mentions the artificial nature of the distinction between martial and non-martial races. But what Mr Neelakandan does not include are these words:
"Italians, by nature, appear ease-loving and non-martial like the Indians generally. They have cultivated, like Indians, the work of peace and neglected the cultivation of the art of war."
—https://frontline.thehindu.com/cover-story/moonje-amp-mussolini/article6756630.ece
To me, this reveals a person who was eager to make all Hindus a martial race, not to eliminate the concepts of martial and non-martial races altogether.
“I have thought out a scheme based on Hindu Dharm Shastra which provides for standardization of Hinduism throughout India… But the point is that this ideal cannot be brought to effect unless we have our own swaraj with a Hindu as a dictator like Shivaji of old or Mussolini or Hitler of the present day in Italy or Germany. But this does not mean that we have to sit with folded hands until some such dictator arises in India. We should formulate a scientific scheme and carry on propaganda for it.”
—https://www.telegraphindia.com/opinion/indisputable-link-hindutvas-italian-connection/cid/1868274
If the above words seem like the light of egalitarianism to Mr Neelakandan, then perhaps he should heed his own advice and strive to combat his inner "tamas".

Navigating Love’s Challenges: Effective Solutions for Relationship Issues

अगर आपके जीवन में कोई परेशानी है, जैसे: बिगड़ा हुआ दांपत्य जीवन , घर के कलेश, पति या पत्नी का किसी और से सम्बन्ध, दुश्मन, आदि, तो अभी सम्पर्क करे

If You Have Any Love, Life Problem, Contact Us Anytime Anywhere

Love problem solution for boyfriend/girlfriend Relationships can be a beautiful thing, but they can also be incredibly challenging. No matter how much love and commitment you have for each other, issues will inevitably arise. It can be hard to know how to navigate these challenges and find effective solutions. Whether you’re dealing with communication breakdowns, trust issues, or simply struggling to find balance in your relationship, there are solutions that can help.
In this post, we’ll explore some of the most common relationship issues and offer practical advice on how to overcome them. From improving communication skills to setting boundaries and working through conflict, we’ll cover all the bases to help you navigate the challenges of love and build a stronger, happier relationship.

1. Introduction: Understanding the common challenges in relationships

Relationships are a beautiful and intricate dance between two individuals, but they are not without their fair share of challenges. Whether you are in a long-term committed partnership or just starting to explore the realms of love, it is important to acknowledge and understand the common challenges that can arise in relationships.
One of the most common challenges is communication. Misunderstandings, lack of effective communication, and the inability to express emotions can lead to frustration and conflicts. It is crucial to develop strong communication skills, including active listening, empathy, and expressing oneself clearly and honestly. Love problem solution for boyfriend/girlfriend
Another challenge that often arises is managing expectations. Each person brings their own set of expectations and desires into a relationship, and when these expectations clash, it can lead to disappointment and resentment. Learning to navigate and negotiate these expectations, while also respecting each other’s boundaries, is essential for a healthy and thriving relationship.
Insecurities and trust issues can also pose significant challenges. Past experiences, personal insecurities, and fear of vulnerability can impact the level of trust in a relationship. Building trust takes time and effort, and it requires open and honest communication, consistent actions, and a willingness to address and heal past wounds.
Conflict resolution is another common challenge that couples face. Disagreements and arguments are a natural part of any relationship, but how they are handled can make all the difference. Effective conflict resolution involves active listening, finding common ground, and seeking win-win solutions rather than trying to “win” the argument.
Lastly, maintaining a healthy balance between individuality and togetherness can be a challenge. It is important for each person in the relationship to have their own interests, hobbies, and personal growth, while also nurturing the bond and connection as a couple. Striking this balance requires open communication, mutual support, and respect for each other’s individuality. Love problem solution for boyfriend/girlfriend
In this blog series, we will delve deeper into these common challenges and provide effective solutions to navigate them. By understanding these challenges and implementing practical strategies, you can strengthen your relationship and create a foundation of love, trust, and mutual growth.

2. Communication: The key to resolving conflicts and improving understanding

Effective communication is the cornerstone of any healthy and successful relationship. It serves as the bridge that connects individuals, allowing them to express their thoughts, feelings, and needs in a clear and respectful manner. When facing challenges in a relationship, whether big or small, open and honest communication can be the key to finding solutions and improving understanding between partners.
One of the most common problems in relationships is miscommunication or a lack of communication altogether. Often, misunderstandings arise when assumptions are made, or when one partner expects the other to read their mind. This can lead to frustration, resentment, and unresolved conflicts that can strain the relationship.
To navigate these challenges, it is crucial to prioritize effective communication. This means actively listening to your partner without interrupting or jumping to conclusions. Show empathy and try to understand their perspective, even if you disagree. Avoid blaming or criticizing, as this can escalate tensions and hinder productive conversation.
It is also essential to express yourself clearly and assertively. Use “I” statements to communicate your own feelings and needs, rather than resorting to accusations or generalizations. Be specific about what you would like from your partner and be open to compromise.
Furthermore, non-verbal communication plays a significant role in understanding each other. Pay attention to body language, facial expressions, and tone of voice. Sometimes, what is left unsaid can be as important as the words spoken. Love problem solution for boyfriend/girlfriend
Regularly setting aside dedicated time for open and honest conversations can also enhance communication in a relationship. This can be done through weekly check-ins or scheduled date nights where both partners can express their thoughts and feelings in a safe and supportive environment.
Remember, effective communication takes practice and patience. It may not always be easy, especially when emotions are running high, but investing in improving communication skills can lead to a deeper connection and a stronger foundation for resolving conflicts in a relationship.

3. Trust-building exercises: Rebuilding trust after betrayal or mistrust

Rebuilding trust in a relationship after betrayal or mistrust can be a challenging and delicate process. It requires both partners to be fully committed and willing to put in the necessary effort to heal and move forward. Trust-building exercises can play a crucial role in this journey of rebuilding.
One effective exercise is open and honest communication. This involves creating a safe space where both partners can express their feelings, concerns, and fears without judgment. It’s important to actively listen and validate each other’s emotions, allowing for vulnerability and understanding to develop.
Another trust-building exercise is setting and respecting boundaries. Clearly defining and respecting each other’s boundaries helps establish a sense of safety and trust within the relationship. This includes being transparent about actions, whereabouts, and intentions, as well as following through on promises made.
Engaging in activities that foster teamwork and cooperation can also aid in rebuilding trust. This can involve participating in shared hobbies or projects that require mutual effort and collaboration. By working together towards a common goal, partners can rebuild a sense of trust and reliance on each other. Love problem solution for boyfriend/girlfriend
Additionally, practicing forgiveness is essential in the trust-building process. Forgiveness does not mean forgetting or condoning the betrayal, but rather releasing the negative emotions associated with it. It allows both partners to let go of resentment and move towards a future that is not defined by past mistakes.
Building trust takes time and patience. It requires consistent effort, honesty, and a willingness to address and resolve underlying issues. Trust-building exercises can serve as effective tools to restore trust and create a stronger foundation for a healthier and more fulfilling relationship.

4. Managing differences: Strategies for handling disagreements and differences in opinion

In any relationship, whether it’s a romantic partnership or a close friendship, disagreements and differences in opinion are bound to arise. It’s how we handle these challenges that can make or break the bond we have with our loved ones.
One effective strategy for managing differences is practicing active listening. This means truly hearing and understanding the other person’s perspective without interrupting or formulating a response in your mind. By giving them your undivided attention, you show respect for their viewpoint and create an open space for constructive dialogue.
Another helpful approach is finding common ground. Instead of focusing on the differences, try to identify shared values or goals. This can help shift the focus from conflict to collaboration, as you work together towards a solution that satisfies both parties. Love problem solution for boyfriend/girlfriend
Communication is key in any relationship, especially when dealing with disagreements. It’s important to express your thoughts and feelings calmly and assertively, using “I” statements to avoid sounding accusatory. Additionally, encourage the other person to share their perspective openly, creating a safe environment for honest and productive discussions.
When facing differences in opinion, it’s crucial to approach the situation with empathy and understanding. Remember that everyone has their own unique experiences and beliefs that shape their viewpoints. By acknowledging and validating their feelings, you can foster a sense of mutual respect and create a stronger foundation for resolving conflicts.
Lastly, it’s important to be willing to compromise. Relationships require give and take, and finding a middle ground can often lead to a win-win situation. Flexibility and a willingness to consider alternative solutions can help navigate through disagreements and strengthen the bond between individuals.
Managing differences is an ongoing process in any relationship. By practicing effective communication, empathy, and a willingness to find common ground, you can overcome challenges and build a stronger, more resilient connection with your loved ones.

5. Emotional support: Ways to provide and receive emotional support in a relationship

Emotional support is a vital aspect of any healthy and thriving relationship. It plays a significant role in helping couples navigate through the challenges and difficulties that arise in their journey together. In this section, we will explore effective ways to provide and receive emotional support, fostering a strong and nurturing bond.
One of the key elements of emotional support is active listening. Taking the time to truly understand your partner’s feelings, thoughts, and concerns without judgment or interruption creates a safe space for them to express themselves. Show genuine interest, maintain eye contact, and offer reassuring nods or affirmations to let them know you are fully present and engaged. Love problem solution for boyfriend/girlfriend
Another powerful way to provide emotional support is through validation and empathy. Validate your partner’s emotions by acknowledging their feelings and letting them know that you understand and respect their perspective. Empathy goes hand in hand with validation, as it involves putting yourself in their shoes and trying to understand their experience from their point of view. Expressing empathy shows your partner that you care and are willing to support them through whatever they are going through.
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tl;dr: Hypothesis: URIs in rats, despite being bacterial in nature, are actually provoked by the failure of their de novo production of vitamin C.
Background:
Upper respiratory infections (URIs) are prevalent in rats, and are primarily caused by Mycoplasma pulmonis, a Gram-negative bacterium, that is notable for forming biofilms, and for being remarkably small both in terms of cellular volume and genome size. Rats acquire this infection from birth, and they always have it in their lungs. Laboratory rats are specially bred to not have this infection.
Current Theory:
URIs in rats are viewed and treated as bacterial infections, with the etiology entirely attributable to Mycoplasma pulmonis.
Antibiotics, specifically those from the tetracycline and/or fluoroquinolone classes, are the conventional treatment.
Observations Inconsistent with Theory:
Two of them:
First, although rats have this infection throughout their entire lives, the symptoms of the infection rarely manifest, unless the rats are old, stressed, injured, sick, or tired. So when we say that a rat "has a URI," it's shorthand for the symptoms of the URI. It would be correct to say that they always have a URI, and science doesn't consider it to be possible to eliminate the infection entirely.
Second, for this specific infection, antibiotics often don't work: they are not the slam-dunk solution that they really should be. My own experience puts their efficacy at about 50%.
These two observations imply that the current theory of the etiology of URIs in rats is incomplete. They suggest the presence of an additional, underlying, secondary cause that subsequently triggers the symptoms of the URI.
This suggestion, in turn, hints at the existence of an alternative or adjunctive treatment for URIs in rats. Used either independently or in combination with antibiotics, this hypothetical treatment would offer superior efficacy when compared to antibiotics alone.
It also hints at the possibility of preventing the onset of URIs entirely, which is my own ultimate objective.
Puzzle Pieces:
Three of them:
1). URIs in rats are problematic primarily due to the formation of a bacterial biofilm in their lungs, which obstructs gas exchange. Bacterial biofilms are complex communities of bacteria encased in a protective matrix, making them highly resilient, resistant to antibiotics, and thereby difficult to treat. Resistance to antibiotics can increase significantly, from 100 to 1000 times, when a biofilm is present compared to when it is absent. These biofilms can obstruct the airways, impair lung function, and lead to the classic symptoms of a URI, such as sneezing, wheezing, and nasal discharge. Controlling this biofilm is key to controlling the symptoms of the URI.
[1] "Mycoplasma Biofilms Ex Vivo and In Vivo" https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2703428/
[2] "A stochastic mechanism for biofilm formation by Mycoplasma pulmonis" https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17142389/
[3] "Biofilms Protect Mycoplasma pulmonis Cells from Lytic Effects of Complement and Gramicidin" https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1951995/
[4] "Antimicrobial resistance, respiratory tract infections and role of biofilms in lung infections in cystic fibrosis patients" https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25477303/
2). Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) inhibits biofilm formation, and there is evidence to suggest an inverse association between vitamin C and biofilm formation. Vitamin C interferes with bacterial biofilm formation, e.g., from Mycoplasma pulmonis.
[5] "Assessment of Antibacterial and Anti-biofilm Effects of Vitamin C Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates" https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9163820/
[6] "Low Concentrations of Vitamin C Reduce the Synthesis of Extracellular Polymers and Destabilize Bacterial Biofilms" https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5748153/
3). Rats, like dogs and cats, CAN make their own vitamin C de novo, starting from glucose. Veterinary science considers them to NOT require an external source of vitamin C in their diet, even in laboratory environments. However, it is also true that their production of vitamin C slows down as they get older.
[7] "Nutrient Requirements of Laboratory Animals" https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK231925/
[8] "A rat mutant unable to synthesize vitamin C" https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6714365/
Working Hypothesis:
My current working hypothesis is that rats eventually cannot make enough vitamin C to control the biofilm in their lungs; they begin to run a vitamin C deficit; and that many pathologies that affect rats later in life share vitamin C, or lack thereof, as a common link. But especially bacterial infections, and specifically respiratory infections.
As of May 2022, the importance of vitamin C in treating bacterial biofilms has been established in scientific literature, and its inclusion in any treatment plan for URIs in rats should be considered part of "best practices."
[5] says, "Vitamin C should be routinely prescribed with antibiotics to treat bacterial infections in the clinical setting."
[6] says, "...low concentrations of vitamin C can be effectively used as a pre-treatment or a combined treatment to destabilize bacterial biofilms."
[7] lists ascorbic acid as a "potentially beneficial constituent" of their diet. It also says that rats unable to synthesize their own vitamin C (due to a mutation) require 50-150 mg of external vitamin C per day. So like 200 mg/kg. That's quite a lot: for a human, that would be like 16 g of vitamin C per day.
If this seems reminiscent of Linus Pauling's vitamin C hypothesis, you're on the right track: he started with this observation. His hypothesis may yet have veterinary applications.
Taken to its conclusion, without vitamin C, antibiotics are not guaranteed to work. But with vitamin C, antibiotics are virtually guaranteed to work. And even further, a respiratory infection could be viewed as an early warning sign that their de novo production of vitamin C is failing.
Hypothetical Validation:
I've had one success story with this approach. In May 2023, my boy Chungus was in declining health. He was gradually losing weight (~5% per month). He then developed a serious respiratory infection, and antibiotics weren't helping. For two weeks, he continued to deteriorate, despite the antibiotics. Ultimately, he was refusing all antibiotics, and I'd be very lucky if he got 0.3 mL (target was 0.8 mL).
Having exhausted all conventional options, I started thinking about palliative care. His URI still continued to worsen. At one point, he was sneezing almost continuously. At this point, I was feeding him entirely by hand. As it happens, I found a box of Emergen-C that I had gotten for Christmas a few years back (an Acai-flavored version). I had never used it. But I looked at all the great stuff that was in it: all B vitamins (except B7), phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, manganese, chromium, and of course ascorbic acid. I made up a solution of Emergen-C to give to Chungus, and to my surprise, he really went for it. With enthusiasm. Like it was something he really needed.
I kept giving him Emergen-C, twice a day. To my greatest surprise, within a week, his URI had cleared up! He was breathing normally again! He was still very weak, and had lost substantial weight. And sadly he still passed away a few weeks later. But the energy with which he had gone for the vitamin C solution, and the fact that his URI had miraculously cleared up, both had an effect on me.
Reproducibility Workflow:
Emergen-C comes as a dissolvable powder in packets, with each packet containing 1,000 mg of vitamin C (ascorbic acid).
Combine one packet with 1/2 cup (120 mL) water in a clean glass. Stir to dissolve. The solution now contains ascorbic acid at 8.3 mg/mL. Draw up 1.0 mL of this solution. Give twice a day at minimum.
Daily amount given = 16.7 mg = 40 mg/kg BW/day.
Meaningful effects expected above 10 mg/kg BW/day. [7]
* The mixture will effervesce upon mixing. This dissipates quickly; give it 5 minutes, followed by a quick stir.
* When not in use, cover with plastic wrap and store under refrigeration. Good for a week.
Conclusions:
My conclusion is that URIs in rats, despite being bacterial in nature, are actually provoked by the failure of their de novo production of vitamin C.
My proposed mechanism of action is that vitamin C is disruptive to the biofilm formed by Mycoplasma pulmonis. While sufficient vitamin C is produced de novo, the biofilm is controlled and the infection is asymptomatic. But when their de novo production of vitamin C is compromised, the bacterial biofilm proliferates, directly causing the observable symptoms of the URI.
If true, as an adjunctive treatment, vitamin C would greatly enhance the efficacy of antibiotics in treating URIs in rats. When used in combination, vitamin C would disrupt the bacterial biofilm, whereupon the bacteria themselves become susceptible to routine antibiotics.
I consider this working hypothesis to satisfy the deficiencies of the current theory of URIs in rats.
As expected, this hypothesis provides: a secondary, underlying cause; an alternative or adjunctive method of treatment; and the possibility of preventing the onset of URIs entirely.
In presenting this alternative hypothesis of URIs in rats, I am also suggesting a competing theory that is not limited to the bacterial component, but extends even further to include their biochemistry. The bacterial component is known to play a central role, but observations imply an additional biochemical factor: The manifestation of symptoms only under certain conditions, as well as the limited efficacy of antibiotics alone, hint at an incomplete etiological understanding.
I extend an invitation to the scientific community to explore still other alternative secondary causes, aside from vitamin C, that may contribute to the complexity of URIs in rats. A multifaceted approach would be likely to discover still more hidden factors influencing their onset and progression.
Veterinary research thrives on collaboration and the replication of results. My anecdotal validation with my boy Chungus provides a good starting point for both of these.
I would encourage fellow rat owners, DVMs, and PhD/DVMs to replicate and expand upon my findings and results. Collaborative efforts will both validate the reliability of this approach, and make a meaningful contribution to our understanding of the etiology of URIs in rats.
References:
Abdelraheem, W. M., Refaie, M. M. M., Yousef, R. K. M., Fatah, A. S. A. E., Mousa, Y. M., & Rashwan, R. (2022). Assessment of antibacterial and anti-biofilm effects of vitamin C against Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates. Frontiers in Microbiology, 13, 847449.
Ciofu, O., Tolker-Nielsen, T., Jensen, P. Ø., Wang, H., & Høiby, N. (2015). Antimicrobial resistance, respiratory tract infections, and role of biofilms in lung infections in cystic fibrosis patients. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 85, 7-23.
Mizushima, Y., Harauchi, T., Yoshizaki, T., & Makino, S. (1984). A rat mutant unable to synthesize vitamin C. Experientia, 40(4), 359-361.
National Research Council (US) Subcommittee on Laboratory Animal Nutrition. (1995). Nutrient Requirements of Laboratory Animals: Fourth Revised Edition. National Academies Press (US).
Pandit, S., Ravikumar, V., Abdel-Haleem, A. M., Derouiche, A., Mokkapati, V. R. S. S., Sihlbom, C., Mineta, K., Gojobori, T., Gao, X., Westerlund, F., & Mijakovic, I. (2017). Low concentrations of vitamin C reduce the synthesis of extracellular polymers and destabilize bacterial biofilms. Frontiers in Microbiology, 8, 2599.
Simmons, W. L., Bolland, J. R., Daubenspeck, J. M., & Dybvig, K. (2007). A stochastic mechanism for biofilm formation by Mycoplasma pulmonis. Journal of Bacteriology, 189(5), 1905-1913.
Simmons, W. L., & Dybvig, K. (2007). Biofilms protect Mycoplasma pulmonis cells from lytic effects of complement and gramicidin. Infectious Immunology, 75(8), 3696–3699.
Simmons, W. L., & Dybvig, K. (2009). Mycoplasma Biofilms Ex Vivo and In Vivo. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 295(1), 77–81.

Around 15 years back, in our Village, villagers used to hear knock on their doors at night.
They'd open the door but no one used to be in sight. Everyday, almost 20 neighbours doors used to get knocked on but they'd find no one. This used to happen around midnight to early morning.
Slowly this news spread and people confirmed they faced this too. The people decided to wait by their respective doors to see who knocks the doors.
On one night, as soon as there was a knock, a villager opened the door and he saw a small girl walking away, he couldn't recognise her. Few neighbours also were ready to see who's the culprit. When they saw the girl, some of them freaked out and could not believe what they were seeing.
When the news of who's knocking the doors spread, everyone freaked out and people got really scared.
The girl would knock on the door and ask for food. In a week, this intensified to the extend that people would not even walk alone in the broad day light.
Soon, they called a pandit from neighbouring village to handle the situation, the pandit was knowledgeable and found out that the girl had died few months back. Her father could not control his emotions and used some black magic to get her back from dead. Ever since then, she'd knock the doors of her neighbours who she knew.
The pandit with the help of chanting put a stop to her wandering..
The villagers threw the father and family out of the village.
Aftermath is such that you are not even allowed to mention this story in the village due to fear.

It is a monumental work because except some personal memoirs not much is recorded and many had to flee the state because sheikh abdullah wanted only the muslims to return back and were not giving them custodian properties which every community was obtaining after partition.
Politically only one part of this partition violence is shown with exaggerated numbers by a certain community which is expected.
I am posting the whole description of the book by its author Ramesh Taimiri along with the image of the book
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https://preview.redd.it/i9lwf8n8x1dc1.png?width=843&format=png&auto=webp&s=c4b762db4951623a42ae1ccf8fc6e95f4ddb9d81
https://preview.redd.it/nrrp7bd9x1dc1.png?width=843&format=png&auto=webp&s=2f06dd448a9cec2352e1ed12d3a9e807885f246f
https://preview.redd.it/bgjlvu0ax1dc1.png?width=843&format=png&auto=webp&s=e7d1c9116b81510b7606cb5245bee14eee5b5d7d
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About My Book: Pakistan’s Invasion on J&K (1947–48): Untold Stories of Victims
Pakistani Invasion
In October 1947, Pakistan launched a Nazi-style invasion to grab the J&K state. A sizeable chunk of this invasion force was Pashtun tribesmen of the NWFP, but, copying the Nazis, the whole aggression was sponsored, directed, and controlled by the Pakistan government. Regular Pakistani soldiers and officers, paramilitary forces of the NWFP, senior bureaucrats, and British army officers and governors, were associated with the conspiracy and conduct of this aggression.
The princely state of J&K had just 9000 troops to defend the long border from Nubra to Kathua. Out of these 9000 troops, the loyalties of one-third of the troops had been subverted through communal propaganda and conspiracy by Pakistan. The rest of the force was so dispersed by the then head of state forces, Brigadier Henry Lawerance Scott, into "penny pockets" that it rendered the state forces incapable of giving effective resistance to the invaders anywhere. The Indian army and IAF in newly independent India were headed by British officers. Their decisions were influenced by Britain’s strategic interests in the region. Vital military supplies ordered by the J&K government were held up by these officers.
Lastly, by the last week of September 1947, everything was settled for the accession of J&K to India in the parleys between Sardar Patel and Maharaja Hari Singh through intermediaries Dewan Gopal Das and Thakur Harnam Singh Pathania, but it was stalled. The decision to link acceptance of accession to the incorporation of Sheikh Abdullah into the existing power structure was disastrous. The entire story of death and destruction in the wake of Pakistani aggression unfolds here.
To blame Maharaja Hari Singh for the delay in accession is part of the fake narratives being crafted to absolve others.All credible evidence is available in the public domain.
Pakistan had planned the conspiracy to annex the state by force many months earlier. There is hard evidence to substantiate that. Maharaja Hari Singh had no resources to counter the huge invasion force let loose by Pakistan. The result was that the north and central Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Bhimber district (Mirpur, Bhimber), Rajouri,Budhal,Chassana, Zojila, Drass, Kargil, Khaplu, Shigar, the entire Gilgit region, and most of Poonch came under Pakistani occupation. Skardu, Leh, and Poonch towns remained under siege for more than nine months. North and central Kashmir, Rajouri,Budhal, Chassana, Drass, and Kargil were liberated later by the Indian army. Sieges in Poonch, and Leh were also relieved. Non-Muslim population was successfully evacuated from Kotli.Other areas continue to remain under the illegal occupation of Pakistan.
Atrocities against Minorities
Pakistan let loose a reign of terror and ethnic cleansing against the minorities—Hindus and Sikhs—living in the areas that fell to Pakistani invaders. Horrendous atrocities committed against minorities parallel those seen at Auschwitz.
It is wrong to compare the partition period violence witnessed in August 1947 with what happened in the wake of Pakistani aggression in J&K in 1947-48.Partition violence was triggered by the division of the country, and mad communal violence was resorted to by the non-state groups. But atrocities on minorities in J&K in 1947 were directly sponsored by the Pakistani government, in which the invaders and their collaborators worked in tandem. There was an agreement between the Pakistani government and tribal lashkars on this.
Published Studies
The first account of what happened in Muzaffarabad was published by the Publicity Division of the GOI in 1961. It was the memoir of Krishna Mehta. It revolves around her own story and how she and her family faced those horrible days. Another account was on Mirpur by educationist Amar Devi. Around the same time, accounts of Rajouri by Pishori Lal Jhinjotia and Skardu by S. Kumar Mahajan were also published. The latter two accounts as primary sources are quite valuable for Rajouri and Skardu. Post-1990, there have been good works on Mirpur by Bal K Gupta and Satvir Gupta. There are small studies on Kotli and Poonch too. Anoop Singh Sodhi and Prof. Himat Singh have worked on how the Sikh community in Kashmir faced Pakistani aggression in 1947, but this is mostly documentation. None of these works cover Kashmiri Hindus. There was no published account of how Kashmir Hindus passed through this phase.
Kashmir Province
Kashmiri Hindus and Sikhs lived in more than 350 villages in Kashmir that came under the occupation of Pakistani invaders. More than 170 Kashmiri Hindu families were living in the frontier districts of Muzaffarabad, Baltistan, and Gilgit in 1947.
In 1999, I decided to work out the entire history of how Kashmiri Hindus passed through this horrible phase. Over 128 Kashmiri Hindus were killed in numerous massacres and in selective killings at different places. Hundreds were repatriated by the International Red Cross after 2–3 years. Thousands were displaced from their habitats and had to face worse humiliations during the time their areas remained under the occupation of Pakistani invaders. The official machinery and other 'researchers' focused on how invaders attacked Christian Mission Hospital in Baramulla, where seven people were killed. What happened to Hindus and Sikhs in the town was concealed by the then-Congress government.
As more stories flowed, the present work was extended to cover other regions too. Stories on Kotli, Mirpur, Rajouri, Thanamandi, Budhal, Chassana, etc. were worked on and find a place in the present book.
This book covers Muzaffarabad, Jammu region—Kotli, Mirpur, Rajouri, Budhal, and Chassana, Baltistan- Skardu, Khaplu,Shigar, Drass, Leh, Gilgit- Gilgit,Astore,Bunji and Chilas.
Work This study took a long time because it was not easy to reach people who were eyewitnesses to the Pakistani invasion. For many stories, I had to wait for years together to find a suitable person. More than 450 interviews were conducted over a period of 23 years. The methodology was evolved to cross-check oral history accounts through other evidences. Valuable photographs, too, were procured. Introductory chapters were added to provide the context for understanding oral history narratives. The final draft was ready for publication by the second week of November 2022.
My book goes beyond statistics and documentation. It seeks to understand how people caught in dangerous situations make valiant attempts to save their lives and sustain themselves. The form chosen is storytelling. Due care has been taken to maintain objectivity and empathy. In writing authentic accounts, we have to understand the situations that victims faced. Only such accounts can stand the scrutiny of history. Political biases have to be kept apart in such studies.
I am sure the work will generate good debate, and the winner will be history. An authentic history of neglected phases is the need of the hour.
My research has also been a great learning experience on a personal level. I will just mention two aspects:

1. Amidst the insanity and violence, there were brave voices of tolerance and compassion. The real heroes of history are Master Abdul Aziz in Muzaffarabad, Mir Zaman in Sarda, Thekedar Abdul Aziz in Dutiyal-Mirpur, Nabir Lone in Naidkhai, Haji Mohammad Khan in Budhal,Abdul Ahad War in Chogul, Ramchand Ambardar in Sarapara, Aftab Ram Kokroo in Bomai, Baldev Singh in Narbal, Raja Ram Chatta in Drungsu, Amarchand Pandita in Nadihal, Arzan Nath Kuchroo and Abdullah Kachroo in Baramulla, Fakir Mohammad Mir in Shalkote, Khwaja Wali Mohammad Wani in Kalanter and Maqbool Sherwani in Sopore. They helped the people in distress in real Holocaust situations.

Maqbool Sherwani's advice to Pandits to stay on in Baramulla affected Pandits badly but his suggestion to Pandits in Sopore to flee saved Kashmiri Pandits.
As my friend Rajnath Raina ji and I listened to the story of Mrs.Kamlashori on Naidkhai, we could not believe that there could be people like Nabir Lone in Kashmir.

1. Heroic resistance was given to the invaders by minorities-- Hindus and Sikhs, in Ichama, Bhatpora,Shalkote, Attina, and Bulgam in the Kashmir valley; Naluchi and Gojra in Muzaffarabad district; Mirpur, Rajouri,Kotli , and Leh. For her bravery, Mata Ganga Kaur in Attina has become part of folklore, and a memorial for her has been built at Attina.

Help Countless people came to help in facilitating interviews, arranging photographs, procuring rare source material, accessing unpublished memoirs, and arranging translations from Urdu and Punjabi texts. I thank them from the bottom of my heart.
I had the blessings of Goddess Sharda. The great stories of Bishember Nath Sapru,S. Suchwant Singh, Gobind Ram, Budhal, Chittibhatti, etc. came by sheer accident.
No work of this nature could have been possible without the strong support of my spouse, Bharti. Many times, I had to put in long hours for this work. She not only accepted it with grace but also pushed me hard to complete the work early.
It will take some time before the book becomes available on Amazon and other platforms. Right now, the book is freely available in popular and hardback editions at Rs. 595 and Rs. 995, respectively, with:
Oberoi Book Service, Shop No. 20, North Block, Bahu Plaza,Jammu 9419189623, 9797571413

One can disagree with some of the historical facts he presented, these are minor details here, the main focus is his 20+ years of research and obtaining first hand evidence, memoirs, collection of stories for this story to be told. Monumental contribution. Since the parition violence of jammu region has stories from all over the region from bhaderwah to mirpur, everyone should read these works and acquaint themselves regarding those tumultuous times.

"Behno aur Bhaiyo” was the greeting style of the golden voice of Radio legend “Ameen Sayani” as he introduced India to the most popular songs on India’s first Bollywood song countdown called Binaca Geetmala. The Bollywood music chart aired on Radio Ceylon from 1952 to 1988 and from 1989 to 1994 on Vividh Bharti and week after week all of India looked forward to hearing the familiar voice of the legend as he shared the best songs of Bollywood. At the end of each year Binaca Geetmala announced the number 1 most popular song of the year based on record sales and listener club feedback. I want to take this opportunity to share some trivia and mini reviews of the Binaca Geetmala top songs of the year from 1953 to 1993. Let's start with the songs crowned "the top of the pop" by Binaca Geetmala in the evergreen 50s and how they fared against their competition in that year's Filmfare awards.
1953 - "Yeh Zindagi Usi Ki Hai" from the movie “Anarkali" beautifully sung by Lata Mangeshkar with music by C Ramchandra and lyrics by Rajinder Krishan was the first annual top song of the Binaca Geetmala. Basant Prakash was the original composer for the movie and recorded one song with Geeta Bali. However due to a disagreement with the producer, he was replaced by C Ramchandra who brought in Lata to sing all the remaining songs for the movie. “Yeh Zindagi Usi Ki Hai” was the ultimate heartbreak song of that era which Anarkali (played by Bina Rai) sings as she is buried alive behind a wall as a helpless Salim (played by Pradeep Kumar) struggles to reach in time to save his love. C Ramchandra used the help of another music icon Roshan (Grandfather of Hrithik and father of Rajesh and Rakesh Roshan) to collaborate on the composition of the melody of this song. This movie introduced the talented Nasir Hussain to Bollywood who started his career as a writer for this movie and would go on to create the masala film genre with musical extravaganzas like Yaadon Ki Baraat, Hum Kissi Se Kum Nahin and many many more. Even though the song ruled the charts but it lost the first ever Filmfare Award for music direction to Naushad’s iconic “Tu Ganga Ki Mauj” from Baiju Bawra.
1954 - “Jayen To Jayen Kahan” from “Taxi Driver’ sung by Talat Mahmood with music by S.D. Burman and Sahir Ludhianvi’s poetry ruled the charts the following year. This was one of the best songs by the forgotten music Icon Talat Mehmood. His good looks made him an actor in several movies with Nutan and Suraiya but would give up acting to focus on singing. His smooth and velvety vocals were the voice of Dilip Kumar and early Dev Anand. The arrival of Mohammed Rafi and the infusion of rock n roll into Bollywood music in the 60s would sideline Talat Mahmood, who unfortunately literally disappeared from the landscape of modern Bollywood. This brilliant song is drenched with melancholy as Talat’s vocals emotes the pathos of Sahir’s poetry. S.D. Burman won his first Filmfare Award for best music director for this song for “Taxi Driver”. The song was picturized on Dev Anand and a second version sung by Lata Mangeshkar was shot on Kalpana Karthik who Dev Sahib fell in love with and married secretly on the set during a break while shooting “Taxi Driver”.
1955 - “Mera Joota Hai Japani” from the movie "Shree 420” sweetly sung by Mukesh with music by Shankar Jaikishan and Shailendra’s lyrics made Raj Kapoor an Indian Icon and a global star. It’s patriotic theme made it the biggest song of the year in India and the Russians went absolute gaga over this song when RK gave them the highest possible honor of his crown “Sar Par Laal Topi Roosi”. The song has been used in multiple Hollywood movies like Mississippi masala, Gravity and Deadpool. Hemant Kumar’s “Nagin" with it's haunting "Been" melody would win the Filmfare Award for music direction even though Shankar Jaikishan’s soundtrack topped record sales.
1956 - "Ae Dil Hai Mushkil Jeena Yahan” from “C.I.D.” was playfully sung by Mohammed Rafi and Geeta Dutt with the music of O.P. Nayyar and Majrooh Sultanpuri’s lyrics. Johnny Walker and Kumkum’s street hustling characters warn their fellow citizens about the fast life of their favorite city in this iconic anthem "Ae Dil Hai Mushkil Jeena Yahan, Zara Hatke Zara Bachke, Yeh Hai Bombay Meri Jaan”. Mohammed Rafi was the closest we can get to a true “Method” singer who brilliantly adapted his vocal style to the actors he sang for. He sat with Johnny Walker for a few days before recording the song to observe his mannerisms and modulate his voice to best fit him on screen. He took singing to the next level of the art form. “Ae Dil Hai Mushkil” would rule the chart and hearts of India but unfortunately lose at the Filmfare awards to the RK classic “Chori Chori” which was an album full of iconic songs like “Aaja Sanam Madhur Chandni Mein Hum” and “Yeh Raat Bheegi Bheegi”.
1957 - "Zara Saamne Toh Aao Chhaliye” from "Janam Janam Ke Phere” was one of the earliest hit duets by Lata and Rafi with the music of S.N. Tripathi and lyrics by Bharat Vyas. S.N. Tripathi was a forgotten multitalented genius of early Bollywood who composed, sang, dubbed, wrote, acted, produced and directed movies. He exclusively composed music for mythological movies and was best known for being the first to use the “Jai Hind” slogan in a song during the British Raj. This song was picturized on its leads Nirupa Roy and Manhar Desai for the movie “Janam Janam Ke Phere” which was also known as "Sati Anapurna”. This was the first movie directed by Manoo Desai who would revert to his full name of "Manmohan Desai” as he began his long commercially successful career of super hits with his next movie “Chhalia” with Raj Kapoor. His first movie was average and quickly forgotten but he would have a stellar 60s with Shammi Kapoor, an even brighter 70s with Rajesh Khanna before he would direct a string of 7 super hit movies with Big B in the 70s and 80s. O.P. Nayyar’s “Naya Daur” would be the big winner at Filmfare awards that year.
1958 - "Hai Apna Dil Toh Awara” from “Solva Saal” was an amazing haunting song sung by Hemant Kumar with S.D. Burman’s music and Majrooh Sultanpuri’s beautiful lyrics. The song was picturized on Dev Anand and Waheeda Rehman and the mouth organ on this song was played by the maestro Dada Burman’s son and future maestro Pancham AKA R.D. Burman. Filmfare awards were dominated that year by the Bimal Roy classic “Madhumati” for which Salil Chowdhury won best music director and the first playback singer award was actually won by Lata Mangeshkar (There was no female singer category) for "Aaja Re Pardesi” and Shailendra won the first award for best lyricist for Yahudi’s “Yeh Mera Deewanapan Hai"
1959 - "Haal Kaisa Hai Janaab Ka” from “Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi” passionately sung by Kishore Kumar with Asha Bhosle to the music of his guru S.D. Burman and Majrooh Sultanpuri’s lyrics. This is the song during which Kishore and Madhubala fell in love. Madhubala never looked happier and more beautiful than she did in this song and Kishore’s pitch and yodels never sounded better. This playful song ruled the charts but Filmfare awards were taken over by Raj Kapoor’s “Anari” as Shankar Jaikishan won best music director, Mukesh became the first male singer to win for singing and Shailendra would win his second back to back best lyricist award for “Sab Kuch Seekha Humne”.
1960 - "Zindagi Bhar Nai Bhoolegi Wo Barsaat Ki Raat" from the movie “Barsaat Ki Raat" beautifully sung by Mohammed Rafi with music by Roshan and lyrics by Sahir Ludhianvi was the decade’s first annual top song of the Binaca Geetmala. The image of Madhubala admiring Bharat Bhushan’s voice as she eagerly listens to this song on radio masterfully depicts the importance of radio and the Geetmala in those days. The film popularized qawwalis, however Rafi’s ultra-romantic version of Sahir’s poetry was a masterpiece. The song was about Madhubala and Bharat Bhushan’s characters chance meeting on a stormy night as Roshan’s brilliant background score channels their internal storm without a single word spoken between the two characters throughout the scene. Bharat Bhushan’s poet translates his experience from that brief encounter into this amazing song. Rafi would win the Filmfare Award that year for another iconic song “Chaudhvin Ka Chand” for which Shakeel Badayuni would get the best lyricist award as Shankar Jaikishan won for best music director for “Dil Apna Preet Parai” which featured Lata’s iconic “Ajeeb Dastaan Hai Yeh”.
1961 - "Teri Pyaari Pyaari Surat Ko” from “Sasural” became Mohammed Rafi's second top chartbuster of the decade with Shankar Jaikishan’s music and Hasrat Jaipuri’s lyrics. Rajendra Kumar had already a few hits under his belt including playing Nargis’s son in Mother India in the 50s, however the 60s saw his actual rise to stardom and “Sasural” was one of the initial blockbusters which earned him the crown of Jubilee Kumar. Kumar’s lead actress in the movie was B Saroja Devi who was called the "Saraswathi of acting” in the Kannada film industry. This would be one of her biggest Hindi movies as Kumar tries to woo her with the flirtatious "Teri Pyaari Pyaari Surat Ko, Kisi Ki Nazar Na Lage, Chashme Budoor”. The song topped the charts and also won Rafi his 2nd consecutive Filmfare Award for singing.
1962 - "Ehsaan Tera Hoga Mujh Par” from “Junglee” became Mohammed Rafi’s 3rd consecutive top of the chart song with another delightful collaboration with Shankar Jaikishan and Hasrat Jaipuri. This song was originally planned as a Mohammed Rafi only song, but the director felts its power and got Lata to sing her version of this classic tune. This was Junglee's romantic anthem and played a big role in shaping Shammi Kapoor’s romantic image as it skyrocketed him to mega-stardom with back to back hits in the 60s. Shankar Jaikishan won best music director for another Shammi Kapoor masterpiece “Professor” while Lata won the best singer award for the haunting “Kahin Deep Jale” from the surprise superhit "Bees Saal Baad” which also earned Shakeel Badayuni his 3rd consecutive Filmfare Award for best lyrics.
1963 - "Jo Wada Kiya Woh Nibhana Padega” from “Taj Mahal” was the amazing Lata - Rafi duet which became one of the most memorable songs of the golden era with the music of Roshan and Sahir Ludhianvi’s masterful lyrics. This song conquered everything, the hearts of Indians, the Geetmala with astronomical sales and Roshan winning his only award for music director along with Sahir Ludhianvi’s first win for Lyrics. Sahir was one of the greatest Urdu poets to write Bollywood songs and he was among the first to tell composers to compose music around his lyrics and demanded that All India Radio also give credit to the songs lyricist when playing the songs. The song featured Pradeep Kumar and Beena Rai who both achieved tremendous success with Taj Mahal but it also became among their last hit movies in lead role. Beena Rai who was married to Prem Nath retired from movies and Pradeep Kumar couldn’t compete with the fresh blood of Shammi Kapoor, Rajendra Kumar and even smaller actors like Biswajeet and Joy Mukherjee. He very quickly got sidelined into character actors roles but got immortalized forever as a result of this evergreen romantic gem.
1964 - “Bol Radha Bol” from “Sangam” once again brought the Raj Kapoor - Shankar Jaikishan - Shailendra - Mukesh collaboration to the top of the charts. This was a fun and naughty song as Raj Kapoor with a Gopi-esque feather in his hair teases a sensual Vyjayanthimala in a red swimsuit while swimming in the river. There is an interesting story behind the origin of the song. RK tried multiple times to sign Vyjayanthimala for the movie. After several follow ups, he sent her a telegram asking her “Bol Radha Bol, Sangam Hoga Ke Nahi” to which she replied “Hoga Hoga, Zaroor Hoga”. When RK happily showed her confirmation telegram to Shailendra, the poet immediately sang “Tere Mann Ki Ganga aur Mere Mann Ki Jamuna Ka Bol Radha Bol Sangam Hoga Ke Nahi”. The rest is history. Sangam was one of the biggest blockbusters of Raj Kapoor’s career grossing more than 700 crore rupees (Adjusted for inflation), however on Filmfare night, a small movie named “Dosti” would bring down the Goliath “Sangam” by winning all the best music director, singer and lyricist awards.
1965 - "Jis Dil Mein Basa Tha Pyaar Tera” from the movie “Saheli” sung by Mukesh with the music by Kalyanji Anandji and lyrics by Indeevar topped the charts. The movie featured Pradeep Kumar and Kalpana right before they both disappeared into the oblivion of Bollywood character acting. The movie was directed by Arjun Hingorani before he got super-obsessed with Dharmendra and the letter “K” and made “Kab, Kyon Aur Kahaan”, “Kahani Kismat Ki”, “Khel Khiladi Ka”, "Katilon Ke Katil”, “Karishma Kudrat Ka” and “Kaun Kare Kurbani” with Garam Dharam. Kalyanji Anandji and their assistants Laxmikant Pyarelal collaborated to create this melancholic masterpiece. Ravi’s “Khandaan" would be the big winner sweeping best music director, singer and lyricist awards.
1966 - "Baharon Phool Barsao Mera Mehboob Aaya Hai” from “Suraj” sung by Rafi with Shankar Jaikishan’s music and Hasrat Jaipuri’s romantic lyrics topped the charts in the year when one of India’s brightest Gems “Guide” received tremendous critical acclaim for its songs and music. The movie featured a child artist named Baby Sonia who would grow up to become Neetu Singh AKA Mrs Rishi Kapoor and Ranbir Kapoor’s mother. The fans adored the love with which Rajendra Kumar showered his leading actress Vyjayanthimala as he sang this romantic song for his beloved. The song topped the charts and sweeped the Filmfare Award by winning best music director, lyricist and singer. 1967 - "Saawan Ka Mahina Pawan Kare Sor” by Mukesh and Lata was another beloved chartbuster and Filmfare Award winning masterpiece composed by Laxmikant Pyarelal on Anand Bakshi’s lyrics. Dosti was LP’s breakthrough album and earned them their first award after which they returned to assisting Kalyanji Anandji. Milan was the movie which truly established them as a standalone dynamic musical duo and future stars of Indian music. The song also established Anand Bakshi as a lyricist earning him his first of 41 Filmfare nominations and began his 300+ movie collaboration with Laxmikant Pyarelal. The song has a funny and brilliant wordplay between Mukesh and Lata as Sunil’s villager character sings the word “Sor” which Nutan’s educated pupil sings “Shor” and he responds “Shor Nahi Sor, Sor”. This melodious masterpiece is the heart and soul of the movie which would earn LP their 2nd Filmfare award after Dosti while the lyrics award would go to the patriotic masterpiece “Mere Desh Ki Dharti” sung beautifully by Mahendra Kapoor. Mahendra would also win best male singer for Hamraaz’s “Neele Gagan Ke Tale”. Lata’s sister Asha Bhosle would win her first Filmfare Award for Dus Lakh’s “Garibon Ki Suno” in the first award best female singer award.
1968 - "Dil Vil Pyar Vyar Main Kya Jaanu Re” from “Shagird” sung by Lata Mangeshkar with Laxmikant Pyarelal’s music and Majrooh Sultanpuri’s lyrics would become the biggest hit of the year. The song was picturized on Saira Bano along with Joy Mukherjee and played a critical role in making the movie a superhit. The song and movie were nowhere to be seen on award night as Shankar Jaikishan’s Shammi Kapoor blockbuster “Brahmachari” would win best director, male singer and a posthumous lyricist award for Shailendra. Asha Bhosle would win her consecutive second Best female singer Filmfare award for Shikhar’s "Parde Men Rahne Do”.
1969 - "Kaise Rahoon Chup Ki Maine Pi Hi Kya Hai” from “Intaqam” was sung by Lata with LP’s music and Rajendra Krishan’s lyrics. So Laxmikant Pyarelal ended the 60s at the top of the charts for 3 consecutive years and signaled a change of guards from the maestros of the golden era to the masters of the 70s masala. Lata sang the song with such perfection that her slurring delivery convinced fans that the nightingale must have been under the influence while recording the song. Lata sounded more drunk than Sadhana appeared on screen and earned her a 17th Filmfare nomination for singing. She would lose to herself for Jeene Ki Raah’s "Aap Mujhe Achhe Lagne Lage”.
1970 - "Bindiya Chamkegi Choodi Khankegi" from the movie “Do Raaste” was full of spunk and energy for the new decade with Lata singing Anand Bakshi’s playful lyrics to Laxmikant Pyarelal’s music. The 70s began with the first superhit collaboration of iconic Kaka - Mumu Jodi as Mumtaz rose from a B Grade movie actress to the first superstar’s leading lady. This was Mumtaz’s 60th movie in the industry and the one that finally made the once child artist turned “stunt film heroine" into a bonafide star and inspiration for millions of struggling artists starting at the bottom of the Bollywood food chain. This was Rajesh Khanna’s 270 Crore (Adjusted for inflation) grossing blockbuster and number 5 in his 17 movie consecutive hit spree. With this movie he would solidify his superstardom and continue delivering hit after hit. The success of this movie would start his hit pairing with Mumtaz in 10 iconic movies. ”Bindiya Chamkegi” ruled the pop charts, while Shankar Jaikishan’s “Pehchan” and “Jahan Pyar Mile” would give the legends the edge at Filmfare Awards over LP in the early days of the decade.
1971 - "Zindagi Ek Safar Hai Suhana” from Andaz was sung with such passion and energy by Kishore and Asha that this Shankar Jaikishan and Hasrat Jaipuri classic was enough to make the movie a box office success. The movie was released at the height of Rajesh Khanna’s superstardom with his face right in the center of the poster, his name in bold above all other actors and this song picturized on him was in every trailer and promo, despite the fact that Kaka only had a 10 minute cameo including the song in the movie. The lead actor of the movie was Shammi Kapoor whose 60s box office charm and magic had vanished. A first time director named “Ramesh Sippy” always wanted to make his debut with Shammi, so when the dancing star of the 60s agreed to take on a more mature role in “Andaz” a new star director was born. Sippy would go on to make the biggest movie of all time, "Sholay” and follow it with masterpieces like “Shaan”, “Shakti” and Saagar”. Shammi got one of his last superhits as a lead actor but everyone knew that the reason for the movie’s success was fans flocking to the cinema to watch Kaka ride a bike as he sang “Zindagi Ek Safar Hai Suhana”. Hasrat Jaipuri would win the best lyrics Filmfare Award for the song. Shankar Jaikishan would also dominate at the awards again but it would be Raj Kapoor’s “Mera Naam Joker” which would earn them yet another best music director and Manna Dey his only filmfare award.
1972 - “Dum Maro Dum” from “Hare Rama Hare Krishna” sung by Asha Bhosle would establish R.D. Burman’s music as the new wave sound of the decade and etch Anand Bakshi’s lyrics into the annals of Bollywood’s pop music history. Asha Bhosle would win the Filmfare award for this brilliant psychedelic number which Dev Anand wasn’t too interested to include in his movie. Pancham and Anand Bakshi were so sure about its potential that they would not hear “No” from the movie’s legendary writer - actor - producer - director. They stood their ground and India swayed to the hypnotic melody, sounds and vocals of the song. Dev Sahib would get his first directorial super hit, Pancham would become the go to composer for the fresh pop sound and India would get their first glimpse of the sensual Zeenat Aman.
1973 - "Yaari Hai Imaan Mera, Yaar Meri Zindagi” and “Zanzeer” would change Bollywood forever as it would announce the beginning of the era of a angry young man. Manna Dey’s exceptional vocals would immortalize Gulshan Bawra’s ode to friendship and earn Bawra the best lyricist award. Zanzeer was a Dharmendra vehicle which he couldn’t make because of a really busy schedule. So the director Prakash Mehra offered it to Dev Anand, who didnt like the "no smile, no song and all business" cop character and declined the movie. Raj Kumar who was a cop before joining films liked the script but his dislike for Prakash Mehra's looks made it impossible to cast him. Raj Kumar is known to have made the following statements to Mehra, “Hum Yeh Film Karenge, Aur Zaroor Karenge, Lekin Humhe Set Par Tumhara Yeh Manhoos Chehra Nahin Dikhna Chahiye” and its amazing follow up “Humhe Yeh Kahani Pasand Hai, Bahut Pasand Hai, Lekin Tumhare Baalo Se Aati Hui Yeh Ghatiya Tel Ki Badboo Ki Wajah Se ,Hum Yeh Film Nahin Banayenge”. Truly hilarious. Mehra would also get rejected by Dilip Kumar, after which Pran would tell him to watch a movie called “Bombay to Goa” with a lanky young actor called Amitabh Bachchan. Rest is history. Big B would get crowned the next superstar with Zanjeer and it would become his first hit movie with future wife Jaya, Prakash Mehra found his muse and leading man of 7 blockbusters, Salim Javed would become the genius writing duo for the ages, Pran would solidify himself as the highest paid “character” actor and Ajit’s iconic character “Teja” would say “ Lilly don't be silly”. Now this is how icons are born.
1974 - "Mera Jeevan Kora Kagaz Kora Hi Reh Gaya” from “Kora Kagaz” sung magnificently by Kishore Kumar with Kalyanji Anandji’s music and M.G. Hashmat’s lyrics. The movie was centered around Jaya’s character and it required a middle aged actor to play the role of her estranged husband. None of the middle aged actors wanted to change their image and play the role against Jaya, Sanjeev Kumar was unavailable and all the newer actors were too young for the role. That is how the legendary director of Guide, Jewel Thief, Johny Mera Naam and several other masterpieces and Dev Anand’s brother, Goldie Anand got roped into the play the role. The movie would become his first super hit as a lead actor. Kishore's epic song “Kora Kagaz” was beautifully picturized on Jaya. Kalyanji Anandji would win best music director award for the short 3 song soundtrack of “Kora Kagaz”, but Mahendra Kapoor and Santosh Anand would win best singer and lyrics for Roti Kapda Aur Makaan.
1975 - "Baaki Kuchh Bacha To Mahangai Maar Gayee” from “Roti Kapda Aur Makaan” would top the charts the following year after RKAP had already won Filmfare year awards for the previous year. Laxmikant Pyarelal’s composition of Varma Malik’s lyrics about India’s socio-economic condition, sung by Lata, Mukesh, Jaani Babu Qawwal and Narendra Chanchal rang true and connected with the public especially the youth during an unemployment crisis. The movie had already completed its Filmfare award cycle even though the song stayed top of mind and charts, other movies like Rajesh Roshan’s debut “Julie”, Kishore Kumar’s “Amanush” and Sulakshana Pandit’s “Sankalp” would win the awards.
1976 - "Kabhi Kabhie Mere Dil Mein Khayaal Aata Hai” from the iconic “Kabhi Kabhie” was an exceptional composition by Khayyam of Sahir Ludhianvi’s iconic poetry given voice by Mukesh and Lata. The movie and the song had such heart and soul that it conquered the box office, the charts and the awards as it won for best music director, lyricist and male singer. Mukesh had unfortunately passed away on his US tour and his award was accepted posthumously. Mukesh was another maestro whose sweet voice was taken away too soon at the age of 53. He left for his heavenly abode when he was still at the top of his game in a year when he received 3 Filmfare nominations and songs. Mukesh had recorded songs for other movies yet to be released for which he would receive 2 more nominations in the next two years. Such was the immortality of his voice and music. A true icon and legend.
1977 - "Husn Haazir Hai Mohabbat Ki Sazaa Paane Ko” from “Laila Majnu” was yet another Sahir Ludhianvi masterpiece in Urdu poetry which was brought to life by Madan Mohan through the voice of Lata Mangeshkar. The maestro Madan Mohan had already passed away in 1975, so he never saw the success of his music for Laila Majnu. After his passing away, the producer H.S. Rawail reached out to the young and upcoming Rajesh Roshan to compose the remaining songs for the movie, however Rajesh refused to step into the shoes of the maestro as he didnt consider himself worthy enough of the honor. S.D. Burman’s erstwhile assistant and music composer Jaidev would step in to complete the work of the maestro. Rishi played Majnu to the debutant Ranjeeta’s Laila in this hit love story, however there was no love lost on the set as Rishi would refuse to promote her. Ranjeeta had already signed a few movies which would also become box office hits, however mainstream actors would start stepping away from working with her in movies forcing her to get confined to smaller roles and B grade movies. Surprisingly the movie would also be completely absent from the Filmfare awards which would be dominated by "Amar Akbar Anthony", "Hum Kissi Se Kum Nahin” and the invasion of middle cinema movies like “Manthan”, “Gharonda”, “Bhumica” and “Swami”.
1978 - "Ankhiyon Ke Jharokhon Se, Maine Dekha Jo” from "Ankhiyon Ke Jharokhon Se” sung by Hemlata with lyrics and music by Ravindra Jain became the next year's biggest hit. This was a heartbreaking movie from Rajshri starring Ranjeeta and Sachin which did well at the box office but would get crushed by Big B's “Don” and Raj Kapoor’s “Satyam Shivam Sundaram” on Filmfare Awards night.
1979 - "O Saathi Re” from “Muqaddar Ka Sikandar” sung by Kishore Kumar with Kalyanji Anandji’s music and Anjaan’s lyrics was the big song of the last year of the decade. Kader Khan had written a mammoth 16 pages of dialogues based on his own life’s challenges for Big B to deliver in the movie before he performs this song on stage. Amitabh refused to deliver such a long monologue but Kader also refused to shorten the dialogues. Amitabh then sat down with Kader to reason with him but he was brought to tears on hearing Kader’s life journey and pains which inspired the dialogues. He agreed to do the scene with the 16 pages of dialogues before Kishore Kumar sings the drenched in melancholy “O Saathi Re”. The movie and all its songs became superhit but middle cinema continued to rule at the awards as smaller movies “Gol Maal”, “Dada” and “Sargam” would win the Filmfare awards.
1980 - "Dafli Wale Dafli Baja” from “Sargam” sung by Lata and Rafi with Laxmikant Pyarelal’s music and Anand Bakshi’s lyrics became the only song ever to debut and stay at the top of the charts for 25 consecutive weeks till it was officially retired. The movie would be Jaya Pradha's triumphant entry into Bollywood during the days when she couldn’t even speak a single word of Hindi which made her role of a mute in Sargam a perfect Bollywood debut for her. This movie helped Chintu get more single hero movies. Laxmikant Pyarelal won their 6th Filmfare award for “Sargam” and Rafi would return to form as he sang all the songs of this superhit album like he used to sing in the 50s and 60s.
1981 - “Mere Angne Mein” from Laawaris sung by the superstar Amitabh Bachchan and a 14 year old Alka Yagnik with the music of Kalyanji Anandji and Anjaan’s lyrics topped the charts for most of the year. This was one of the most commercial Amitabh voiced tracks of his career. Amitabh himself sang the most popular version of this folk song in which he croons about the benefits of having a Tall, Fat, Dark, Light Skinned or Short wife. The video of the song was so popular as Amitabh appears as the multiple kind of wives he is singing about that the movie got repeated viewings so that the fans could dance again and again to this number with Big B. Umrao Jaan, Ek Dujhe Ke Liye, Love Story and Kudrat would split the Filmfare music awards.
1982 - "Angrezi Mein Kehte Hain” from “Khud-Daar” was a fun duet by Lata and Kishore with Rajesh Roshan’s music and Majrooh Sultanpuri’s lyrics. Amitabh began his career with the movie Saat Hindustani where he and another struggling actor Anwar Ali became close friends. Anwar Ali was Mehmood’s younger brother and Amitabh lived with Anwar in Mehmood’s guest house for the initial few years of his career. Mehmood gave Anwar and Amitabh a break in his movie Bombay and Goa. Rest is history. Anwar Ali’s career didnt kick off like his friend and he was in deep financial troubles in the 80s when he decided to produce a movie with his friend Big B. Since Anwar couldn’t afford the superstar and his usual entourage of Salim-Javed, Prakash Mehra and Manmohan Desai, Amitabh decided to help out his friend by not taking any signing amount and working for a very small payday and brought in his friends Kader Khan and Ravi Tandon to write and direct the movie. The movie was released the month Amitabh got a near fatal injury while shooting for Coolie. Hordes of fans rushed to the hospital to pray for the superstar and also to the cinema hall to make Khud-Daar one of the biggest hits of the year. India sang and danced to the movie’s songs and learned how to say “I love you” in English, Gujrati, Bengali and Punjabi like Kishore does in this song. Filmfare Awards focused on movies like "Namak Halal", “Nikaah" and "Prem Rog" and also finally rewarded R.D. Burman for his illustrious career by finally naming him Best music director for “Sanam Teri Kasam”.
1983 - "Shayad Meri Shaadi” from “Souten” brought a Rajesh Khanna song to the top for the first time in more than 10 years as Kishore and Lata sang to Usha Khanna’s music and Sawan Kumar’s lyrics. The movie lived upto its name as Rajesh Khanna and his leading lady Tina Munim had an affair during the shooting of the movie in Mauritius. This love affair would lead to Dimple’s divorce with Kaka and Tina’s split with Sanjay Dutt. Sawan Kumar made the most of the news of their affair to promote the movie as he leaked pics of the two leads at a wedding function, leading to further rumors of their marriage. Everyone went to the cinema to watch the movie which was creating such giant waves in the lives of its stars making it a good box office year for Kaka, who was rediscovering love, fame and movie success again with movies like "Avtaar" and "Agar Tum Na Hote”. Usha Khanna’s music was very well received by the public making her the first female composer to get a Filmfare nomination. However R.D. Burman’s soulful songs of “Masoom” would rule at Filmfare Awards winning best music director, lyricist and singer awards.
1984 - "Tu Mera Hero Hai” from “Hero” sung by Anuradha Paudwal and Manhar Udhas with Laxmikant Pyarelal’s music and Anand Bakshi’s lyrics ruled at the box office and Geetmala in 83 and 84. Subhash Ghai introduced Jackie Dada and Meenakshi Seshadri to their fans with this romantic love story. This song played a big role in making Jackie an instant star. Meenakshi’s character and most of India fell in love with Jackie Dada during this memorable romantic song. However Filmfare Awards were completely dominated by Bappi Lahiri’s "Sharaabi" especially with Kishore Kumar earning all best singer nominations for the same movie.
1985 - “Sun Sahiba Sun” from Raj Kapoor’s final and boldest movie “Ram Teri Ganga Maili” sung by Lata with Ravindra Jain’s music and Hasrat Jaipuri’s lyrics ruled the charts and awards. Raj Kapoor was initially planning to make RTGM to launch Rishi and Neetu Singh after "Mera Naam Joker”, but the failure of Joker made him change his plan to make a safer movie “Bobby”. The song “Sun Sahiba Sun” was written by Hasrat Jaipuri in the 50s for a RK Film called “Ajanta” which got shelved. Shankar Jaikishan used the melody for the song “I Love you" in “Sangam”. 30 years later RK would bring the melody and the lyrics together to compose the year's most successful song. Ravindra Jain would win the best music director Filmfare Award for the movie but Hasrat Jaipuri would lose the best lyrics award to “Mann Kyo Bahka” from another bold movie named “Utsav”.
1986 - "Yashoda Ka Nandlala” from “Sanjog” sung by Lata with Laxmikant Pyarelal’s music and Anjaan’s lyrics was a surprise track to top the charts. The movie was also a surprise mainstream drama from Jeetendra, right in the middle of his South Indian movie remake spree as he released more than 140 movies in the 80s. This movie featured Jaya Pradha who partnered with Jeetendra in 24 movies. The melancholic track about loss sung by Lata struck a chord with the fans and reached the top of the charts. There was no Filmfare Awards held for 2 years due to the Indo-Pak conflict on the border.
1987 - "Chitthi Aayi Hai” from “Naam” made a star of Manhar’s younger brother Pankaj Udhas who sang this haunting song with music from Laxmikant Pyarelal and Anand Bakshi’s soulful lyrics. BBC Radio worldwide selected “Chitthi Aayi Hai" in the top 100 songs of the millennium. The song evoked such emotions that it revived the careers of Mahesh Bhatt, Sanjay Dutt and kicked off Pankaj Udhas and Paresh Rawal’s careers. Rajendra Kumar made the movie with the intent to revive the failing career of his son Kumar Gaurav, but despite his good performance and critical acclaim, it wouldn’t change the downward trajectory of his career. There was no Filmfare Awards held for 2 years due to the Indo-Pak conflict on the border.
1988 - "Papa Kehte Hain” from “QSQT” announced the arrival of Aamir Khan and Udit Narayan whose infectious vocals raised this song to the top with newbie composers Anand-Milind and the lyrics of the legend Majrooh Sultanpuri. The Masala King of the 70s “Nasir Hussain” handed over the reigns of his kingdom to his son “Mansoor Khan” who wanted to share his fresh take on the age old tragic romantic stories of Romeo and Juliet, Laila Majnu and Heer Ranjha. The movie which gave birth to Aamir Khan, Juhi Chawla, Mansoor Khan, Raj Zutshi, Anand Milind, Udit Narayan, Alka Yagnik, launched T-Series into the stratosphere and kicked off the fad of calling movies with long titles by their spunky acronyms “QSQT”, DDLJ, HAHK, K3G and so on. In this song Aamir is playing the same guitar on stage that his cousin Tariq played in Yaadon Ki Baarat, the 70s blockbuster in which Master Aamir played the role of a young Tariq. The song also had a cameo appearance of his newly wed wife Reena Dutta dancing to her hubby’s debut song. Aamir Khan, Juhi Chawla, Anand-Milind and Udit Narayan all started their careers with Filmfare Awards for QSQT.
1989 - "My Name is Lakhan" from “Ram Lakhan” sung by "Mohammed Aziz” would become Laxmikant Pyarelal’s 5th and Anand Bakshi’s 4th top Geetmala song of the decade. The opening drum beats and the fun “Dhina Dhinaa Dhi Daa, Rum Pum Pum Pum, One Two Ka Four and Four Two Ka One” has become part of Anil Kapoor’s Jhakaas DNA. This is his go to song, his go to dance steps, his go to style and attitude. All of India danced to the beats of this song but the storm known as "Maine Pyar Kiya” swept the filmfare awards.
1990 - "Gori Hai Kalaiyaan” from “Aaj Ka Arjun” was a mega hit from Bappi Lahiri as Shabbir Kumar and Lata sang Anjaan’s lyrics in the surprise Big B hit movie marking a brief return to form after several of his big movies failed to impress at the box office. The years big musical “Aashiqui” would win all Filmfare awards for its music and songs.
1991 - "Dekha Hai Pehli Baar” from the musical romantic film “Saajan” would reign at box office and Filmfare Awards giving Nadeem Shravan and Sameer their first Geetmala top of the pop song voiced by the iconic S.P Balasubrahmanyam and Alka Yagnik. Nadeem Shravan would win their second consecutive Filmfare award for the movie.
1992 - “Maine Pyar Tumhi Se Kiya Hai” from “Phool Aur Kaante” sung by Kumar Sanu and Anuradha Paudwal would reunite the “Aashiqui” singers with their composer Nadeem Shravan and lyricist “Sameer” again for another top of the pop chartbuster. Kumar Sanu, Nadeem Shravan and Sameer would also win at the Filmfare Award but for another movie “Deewana”.
1993 - Binaca Geetmala would announce their last annual chartbuster “Choli Ke Peeche Kya Hai” voiced by Alka Yagnik and Ila Arun with Laxmikant Pyarelal’s music and Anand Bakshi’s lyrics from the movie “Khalnayak”. Alka Yagnik would win the Filmfare Award for singing for this song. The movie and song were both engulfed by controversy due to Sanjay Dutt’s arrest and the song’s racy lyrics. Despite facing ban for a short period of time, the song especially Madhuri’s dance performance would return to top the charts and earn its Filmfare Award. The song would also end Binaca Geetmala’s 40 year run of counting down the most famous songs of the week and year for its fans. One of the last gems from the ages of the maestros was finally put to bed as Ameen Sayani bid farewell to his hordes of radio fans.
Binaca Geetmala Top Song of the Year Playlist