Expenditure entity-relationship diagram

We need to boycott both political parties

2024.05.21 22:46 elsantolucifa We need to boycott both political parties

In the United States, the political landscape is predominantly dominated by two major parties: the Democrats and the Republicans. From the fiery debates on Capitol Hill to the polarized opinions of everyday citizens, it's easy to see these two entities as fundamentally opposed forces. However, a deeper examination reveals a more nuanced picture. Despite their apparent differences, the Democrats and Republicans are, in many ways, two sides of the same coin. Here’s why:

1. Shared Corporate Interests

Both parties are heavily influenced by corporate interests. Campaign finance plays a crucial role in this dynamic. Major corporations and wealthy donors often contribute to both parties, ensuring their interests are represented regardless of which party is in power. This symbiotic relationship results in policy decisions that favor big businesses and the wealthy elite, often at the expense of the broader public. Whether it's tax cuts for the rich or deregulation that benefits large corporations, both parties have shown a propensity to cater to their benefactors.

2. Military-Industrial Complex

When it comes to defense spending and foreign policy, there is significant overlap between the two parties. Both Democrats and Republicans support substantial military budgets and have a history of engaging in military interventions abroad. The bipartisan consensus on maintaining American military dominance often leads to prolonged conflicts and high defense expenditures, reflecting a shared commitment to the military-industrial complex.

3. Policy Continuity

Despite the rhetoric of change that often accompanies elections, many policies remain consistent across administrations. For instance, economic policies that favor neoliberalism, such as free trade agreements and deregulation, have been pursued by both Democratic and Republican presidents. Similarly, issues like mass surveillance and the war on drugs have seen continuity across party lines. This persistence indicates a fundamental agreement on certain policy frameworks, despite superficial differences.

4. Incrementalism Over Radical Change

Both parties tend to favor incremental reforms over radical changes. While Democrats may push for more progressive policies and Republicans for more conservative ones, both often avoid making significant structural changes that could disrupt the status quo. This can be seen in the handling of healthcare reform, climate change, and social justice issues. Instead of transformative solutions, both parties frequently opt for measures that tweak the existing systems without fundamentally altering them.

5. Political Elitism

The leadership of both parties often comes from a narrow, elite segment of society. Career politicians, many of whom come from wealthy backgrounds, dominate the upper echelons of both the Democratic and Republican parties. This creates a political class that is somewhat insulated from the everyday struggles of ordinary Americans. The focus tends to be on maintaining power and privilege rather than addressing the root causes of societal issues.

6. Media and Narrative Control

Both parties exert significant influence over mainstream media, shaping public perception and discourse. Media outlets, often aligned with one party or the other, contribute to the polarization by emphasizing partisan perspectives while downplaying the similarities. This controlled narrative keeps the public engaged in the partisan divide, diverting attention from the deeper systemic issues that both parties perpetuate.
While the Democrats and Republicans present themselves as distinct and opposing forces, a closer inspection reveals substantial similarities in their operations and objectives. Both parties are entrenched in a system that prioritizes corporate interests, military expenditure, and incremental change over radical transformation. This symbiosis maintains the status quo and often undermines the pursuit of significant social, economic, and political reforms. Understanding these parallels is crucial for those seeking to navigate the complexities of American politics and advocate for genuine change.
submitted by elsantolucifa to u/elsantolucifa [link] [comments]


2024.05.20 14:47 IQueryVisiC Recap: ERM -> relation -> class diagram and "ship"

Entity-relationship model is a meta model. Its instances are entity relation ship models ( without the hyphen?). The relationships have this cardinally on both sides. When I convert this to relational algebra, do I have any choice? Can't this be automated? Entities become relations. Any 1:n relationship becomes a column in one relation. If you want to be able to modify or delete a record in a relation, you need to add a key. Records are stored in memory ( SQLite and H2 can do this ) or on disk. So they is a pointer or a sector number. So the DB always uses keys. So when I write to a db, why don't I get back this? Yeah, because the DB is free to reorder memory. All parts controlled by the RDBMS get updates like when you delete a row in a spread sheet. So I see why relations need a key.
n:m relationships become relations with two columns. So I see why we need different words. I was not sure my English is lacking, but in German we use "Beziehung" for the ERM and "Relation" for the relational algebra. "ship" does not have any meaning for us. In everyday English there is "stewartship", "friendship" (Mortal Kombat),
In the class diagram, the keys are gone again and hidden pointers are back. Additionally, 1:1 relationships can get an arrow to indicate: Who knows whom. It is even possible to place the relationship table onto the wrong side of 1:n. A class can contain an array, while in a database this would violate first normalization. Or in other words: an array is like adding an index to a db. The database should profile itself, construct queries and indices. Only when I am the programmer of classes, I explicitly model this stuff. RealmDb and Blender seem to just persist this pointers on disk. Realm DB uses virtual memory to remove the gaps. But somehow this feels like a primary key with extra steps. Blender loads a whole model in memory (except textures), only has double links, and thus can defragmentate similar to a spreadsheet app.

Right? Just because I had trouble understanding the text book. It has been two years.
submitted by IQueryVisiC to DatabaseHelp [link] [comments]


2024.05.20 10:03 xuanduy1508 I was accused of plagiarism because someone copied my work

I would appreciate some advice. Recently, I was accused of plagiarism because someone copied my work. Here's the situation:
I created an ERD (Entity-Relationship Diagram) in Miro in Team Board. I was rushing to finish my portfolio and didn't even think about the possibility of someone copying my work. But then, someone on my team did just that.
When I brought it up with my instructor, they said that by putting my work out in a public place, I allowed then to copy it. But that wasn't my intention at all.
So now I'm stuck. What do you think I should do? Any advice would be appreciated.
submitted by xuanduy1508 to rmit [link] [comments]


2024.05.19 11:52 OwOwhatsthiiis need help with erd in text format(?)

hi! i’m taking a beginners class in database design and i missed the lesson where we were taught to write out our entity relationship diagram in a text sort of format? it’s meant to look something like this:
employee_card = (card_no) K = {{card_no}}
sorry if this doesnt make a lot of sense, like i said it was a beginner class and im not very familiar with everything, i would appreciate any resources or if someone would be down to dm and help me understand! thanks!!
submitted by OwOwhatsthiiis to Database [link] [comments]


2024.05.18 23:26 Tesa_Tesanovic1988 Making the shift to a decentralized and open innovation model

In today’s evolving and competitive landscape, the value of innovation is shifting from the traditional closed systems approach to a more open, decentralized, and community-driven approach. Paul Lalovich and Tesha Teshanovich from Agile Dynamics outline what is driving the trend, its implications for organizations, and how leaders can successfully operate at the forefront of the shift.
Innovation transcends the mere conceptualization of fresh ideas; it is the actionable process of enhancing existing products or conjuring entirely new offerings. While there is a strong correlation between R&D and innovation – with the former serving as a wellspring for pioneering thoughts – the journey from groundbreaking research to practical utility can be intricate and protracted.
However, it’s worth noting that innovation isn't solely tethered to structured R&D. It can spontaneously arise from sheer curiosity, a spark of inspiration, or even the simple act of refining or tweaking existing methodologies.
Firms might invest in R&D to catalyze innovation, but they can also harness external advancements – referred to as ‘spillovers’. After all, groundbreaking knowledge isn't always the exclusive domain of its creators, making external inspirations invaluable.
Emerging from a robust foundation of innovation, soft power presents tangible advantages. Leaders in technology often establish benchmarks that others deem beneficial to adopt. As a result, global standards lean favorably toward those pioneers. Moreover, countries recognized for their innovative acumen become prime territories for patent filings. These innovation hubs magnetize not just domestic but international investments and capital.
Perhaps the most profound testament to their soft power is the allure they hold for top-tier talents. For instance, Silicon Valley has evolved into a global nexus, drawing in exceptional minds from the realms of information, communication, and digital technologies. Such concentrations of talent can significantly influence a nation’s trade dynamics.

Tech monopolies slow down innovation

In the arena of global economic dominance, competition emerges as the cornerstone, propelling nations to the forefront of innovation and growth. While Chinese strategies appear to have adapted, embracing the dynamism of competitive markets, the United States stands at a crossroads. Some of its tech behemoths promote their size and market leadership as pivotal for cutting-edge innovation.
Yet, it is crucial to discern the nature of this innovation and whose interests it truly serves. Does it prioritize shareholder returns, or is there a broader, national interest at play? As smaller, agile firms emerge, emphasizing true boundary-pushing innovation, one must ponder: Is the spirit of unbridled competition – a force that once fueled the American economy – being overshadowed by the looming giants?
In the nuanced interplay between governmental oversight and market forces, recent actions within China's technology sector provide a captivating study of regulatory boundaries. This phenomenon, aptly termed ‘de-tycoonification’, captures a deliberate effort to harmonize enterprise innovation with centralized checks.
A leading digital commerce platform in China encountered regulatory attention. The swift determination that its practices were anti-competitive, accompanied by a significant financial penalty, symbolizes a broader intent to redefine market paradigms. Prompt official communique following these events conveys a clear perspective: monopolistic behaviours can inhibit the holistic evolution of a market-based economy.
This stance also emphasizes that thoughtful regulations, rather than restricting growth, might actually serve as pillars to stabilize and nurture it. The regulatory web further ensnared another major digital entity in China, underscoring the principle that technological ingenuity should operate within established ethical and legal frameworks. Such internal checks within China challenge certain dominant narratives in global tech centres.
The notion that maintaining a robust market stature acts as a shield against global tech adversaries comes under scrutiny. The introspective regulatory steps within China necessitate a broader re-evaluation of such assumptions.
The tech landscape today is unmistakably marked by the towering presence of Big Tech, but what underlies this dominance might point towards a concerning reduction in competitive intensity. For two decades, the profits raked in by American tech behemoths have remained unparalleled, with market valuations suggesting this trend is expected to continue, if not amplify, in the coming years.
Such sustained, sky-high profitability isn't typical in a genuinely competitive market. In such a setting, rivals and newcomers usually exert downward pressures, ensuring no single entity retains an overwhelming edge for extended periods. The tech industry's trajectory further points towards a rising penchant for consolidation. This is evidenced by the substantial acquisitions of budding companies by the tech titans.
Data sourced from Mergermarket underscores an uptick in acquisition activity by these colossal tech firms, particularly post-2010. The symbiotic relationship between persistent high profits and a trend toward industry concentration suggests that the tech market might be veering away from the vibrant competitive arena it once was.

Cardwell’s law

The tech landscape’s evolution, in its relationship with innovation, is witnessing a palpable shift in entrepreneurial motivation and vision. Historically, the fervour of pioneering something transformative, encapsulated in the ‘moonshot thinking’, drove entrepreneurs. This audacious spirit envisioned groundbreaking entities akin to the tech luminaries of the late 20th and early 21st century. Yet, today’s entrepreneurial aspirations seem more tempered.
Instead of fostering ambitions of building the next revolutionary tech empire, there’s a growing inclination towards securing an acquisition by an existing tech colossus. This shift in sentiment dims the likelihood of a new tech juggernaut rising to challenge the incumbent titans. Post the era of computer-centric, web-driven, and smartphone-related innovations, a cloud of uncertainty looms over the emergence of new tech powerhouses.
Notably, the promising technological domains of the upcoming decade – be it autonomous vehicles with their exorbitant R&D costs, virtual or augmented reality's significant development expenditures, the data intensity of artificial intelligence, or drones and the Internet of Things with their challenging profit margins – present formidable entry barriers.
These hurdles, combined with a changing entrepreneurial landscape, cast a shadow on the future dynamism of tech innovation. Cardwell's elucidation on the patterns of technological evolution offers a poignant lens through which to view the current landscape dominated by Big Tech.
Donald Stephen Lowell Cardwell’s seminal work from 1972 suggests that technological vigor within societies is not an enduring flame, but a fleeting burst of brilliance. Within the European context, as one nation's innovative energy began to wane, another would rise, ensuring a consistent relay of progress across the continent.
Visualize this relay of innovation as a torch, brilliant yet intense. Historically, regions such as Northern Italy, Southern Germany, Spain, and Portugal, and later Holland, Britain, the United States, and Germany, took turns in holding this torch, leading the march of innovation. Yet, no single society clung to this leadership for extended durations. The relay ensured that as one nation's innovation diminished, another took up the mantle, propelling the collective forward.
This phenomenon, coined as ‘Cardwell’s Law’ by Joel Mokyr, posits that when left in isolation, a society’s technological creativity is but a brief spark. Over time, conservatism’s stifling grip, intent on preserving existing structures of power and privilege, often curtails this innovative drive.
This is where the analogy becomes particularly relevant for the Big Tech landscape. In today’s digital age, a few colossal entities dominate, much like the leading nations of old Europe. Yet, as these tech giants solidify their positions, they risk becoming victims of the very conservatism Mokyr speaks of.
Instead of being conduits for continual innovation, their sheer dominance and entrenched positions could lead to a stagnation in technological creativity. As they grow in size and influence, there is an increasing tendency to preserve the status quo, which inadvertently suppresses the innovative spark found in smaller, more agile entities.

Decentralization and open innovation

In the contemporary milieu characterized by the overwhelming dominance of Big Tech monopolies, the paradigms of decentralized innovation and open innovation emerge as potentially transformative alternatives.
The concept of distributed strategy borrows from nature, suggesting that in the same manner that organisms such as trees maximize their efficiency by creating multiple self-similar structures like leaves instead of solely relying on a single core trunk, businesses too need to shift their focus from purely scaling their core processes to nurturing multiple iterative strategies at the organizational peripheries. This can be encapsulated in the mantra of ‘Think Local, Act Global’.
In essence, companies must attune to the nuanced demands and opportunities of each local market, while simultaneously integrating these learnings into a broader global strategy. This is particularly evident in industries undergoing rapid transformation; for instance, the automotive industry's evolution from merely selling cars to offering comprehensive mobility solutions, a shift that is predicted to significantly alter its revenue structure by 2035.
In parallel, in our data-driven age, there is an increasing realization that the sheer volume of data is less crucial than its meaningful interpretation. Organizations need to pivot from prioritizing data accumulation to developing advanced algorithms capable of drawing insights from fragmented, patchy datasets. In the rapidly shifting landscape of today's global business environment, numerous established multinational corporations find themselves at a perplexing crossroads.
The crux of their predicament stems from a foundational dilemma: how to juxtapose traditional scale-driven strategies with the emergent imperative of Distributed strategies. To dissect this conundrum, one must appreciate the inherently divergent organizational philosophies underpinning scale and distributed strategies. Transitioning from a scale-centric model to a distributed-oriented one is not merely about implementing a series of organizational modifications, no matter how profound.
The shift demands a comprehensive reimagining of the organizational ethos and operational mechanics. Moreover, it is a fallacy to view these strategies as mutually exclusive. In actuality, they exist on a continuum, each holding its unique value. The challenge for modern enterprises lies in striking an optimal balance between harnessing the benefits of scale and the agility of Distributed strategies. Regrettably, the journey to this equilibrium is riddled with pitfalls, and many companies, even with their vast resources and global reach, have faltered in this endeavor.
Contrary to scale-centric entities that depend on static assets, with streamlined yet inherently slower supply chains, Distributed organizations harness networks characterized by adaptability and continuous transformation. These networks are primed for swiftly addressing specific local requirements and seizing niche market prospects.
Such frameworks incorporate a blend of proprietary micro-production facilities, possibly utilizing innovations like 3D printing; leasing assets from providers offering asset-on-demand services; and coordinating flexible ecosystems of regional digital collaborators. The overarching aim is twofold: continuously devise innovative solutions tailored for local clientele and escalate them to various markets with optimal speed.
Distributed-oriented organizations prioritize decentralization, contrasting with the top-down hierarchies commonly seen in scale-driven entities. Within these structures, decision-making isn't confined to a centralized corporate core. Instead, considerable authority is delegated to customer-centric teams positioned away from the primary headquarters. This design fosters agility, allowing for a rapid response to localized demands and new opportunities.
Some multinational corporations have observed marked improvements in their performance metrics after such decentralization. They empowered regional leaders with financial oversight, decision-making rights, streamlined communication channels to the central office, and enhanced access to market analytics.
Another trend, seen in the case of an appliance industry giant, involves an even more radical shift. This entity introduced a unique organizational framework aimed at minimizing the distance between the enterprise and its customer base. In a bold move, an entire level of middle management was eliminated, redistributing power to numerous newly-formed, semi-independent, customer-aligned business segments. These units operate in synergy, linked by a unified digital platform.
Further reading: Knowledge and venture capital as a driver of innovation.
Meanwhile, ‘Open Innovation’ offers a complementary model, championing a departure from insular corporate research and development approaches. Instead, it advocates for the amalgamation of external insights, be they from academia, startups, or independent innovators, into the innovation process. This synergistic approach addresses the often-criticized inertia inherent in large tech monopolies, promoting a more dynamic and collaborative innovation ecosystem.
Both these paradigms, however, necessitate a significant cultural shift within organizations, demanding a more flexible, adaptive, and outward-looking ethos to truly harness their potential in countering the inertia often associated with tech giants.
The rise of open innovation, propelled by reduced communication costs and advancements in memory and computation capabilities, has ushered in significant changes in market dynamics and societal interactions. Unlike the traditionally centralized, firm-driven innovation models, open innovation champions a decentralized, peer-based approach that emphasizes intrinsic motivation and societal benefits.
Indeed, the literature has delved into the nature of these peer innovation communities, understanding their social structures and intricacies.
However, the repercussions of this shift towards open innovation on established and emerging firms remain inadequately explored. Current organizational and strategic theories don't fully encapsulate the nuances of community-driven innovation. Despite the transformative potential of open innovation, its influence on mainstream organizational and strategic discourses has been somewhat muted.
As we progress, it becomes imperative to develop a more comprehensive understanding of firms in this new context, addressing the interaction between traditional organizational structures and emerging community-based innovation paradigms.

Conclusion

In an evolving landscape where tasks are increasingly modular and knowledge about solutions becomes more widespread, the traditional closed systems of innovation shift towards open, community-driven models. The implications are profound: we can no longer rely solely on conventional understandings of innovation rooted in cost efficiency, control mechanisms, and external incentives.
As innovation gets embedded in a spectrum ranging from strictly internal processes to open community collaborations, our conceptualization of firms and their boundaries need revisiting. This doesn’t negate the value of traditional models, but it requires a hybrid approach where both internal and open strategies coexist.
A pivotal question arises: under what circumstances should firms toggle between these different modes of innovation? The answer, it appears, lies in understanding the nature of the product and the distribution of problem-solving knowledge.
For products that are inherently integrated and where specialized knowledge is centralized, the conventional in-house R&D model, bolstered by a strong innovation-centric culture, remains relevant. Here, innovation is typically cocooned within the firm's boundaries, spanning from distinct functional divisions to intricate, ambidextrous designs.
However, when a product can be broken down into modular components and the requisite knowledge is dispersed, the limitations of a closed innovation system become evident. In these contexts, the power dynamics of innovation are reshaped by the principles of openness, collaborative sharing, intrinsic motivation, and community engagement.
The challenge, then, for modern enterprises is to discern when to internalize and when to externalize, ensuring that they harness the best of both worlds while navigating the complex terrain of innovation.In today’s evolving and competitive landscape, the value of innovation is shifting from the traditional closed systems approach to a more open, decentralized, and community-driven approach. Paul Lalovich and Tesha Teshanovich from Agile Dynamics outline what is driving the trend, its implications for organizations, and how leaders can successfully operate at the forefront of the shift. Innovation transcends the mere conceptualization of fresh ideas; it is the actionable process of enhancing existing products or conjuring entirely new offerings. While there is a strong correlation between R&D and innovation – with the former serving as a wellspring for pioneering thoughts – the journey from groundbreaking research to practical utility can be intricate and protracted. However, it’s worth noting that innovation isn't solely tethered to structured R&D. It can spontaneously arise from sheer curiosity, a spark of inspiration, or even the simple act of refining or tweaking existing methodologies.
Firms might invest in R&D to catalyze innovation, but they can also harness external advancements – referred to as ‘spillovers’. After all, groundbreaking knowledge isn't always the exclusive domain of its creators, making external inspirations invaluable. Emerging from a robust foundation of innovation, soft power presents tangible advantages. Leaders in technology often establish benchmarks that others deem beneficial to adopt. As a result, global standards lean favorably toward those pioneers. Moreover, countries recognized for their innovative acumen become prime territories for patent filings. These innovation hubs magnetize not just domestic but international investments and capital. Perhaps the most profound testament to their soft power is the allure they hold for top-tier talents. For instance, Silicon Valley has evolved into a global nexus, drawing in exceptional minds from the realms of information, communication, and digital technologies. Such concentrations of talent can significantly influence a nation’s trade dynamics. Tech monopolies slow down innovation In the arena of global economic dominance, competition emerges as the cornerstone, propelling nations to the forefront of innovation and growth. While Chinese strategies appear to have adapted, embracing the dynamism of competitive markets, the United States stands at a crossroads. Some of its tech behemoths promote their size and market leadership as pivotal for cutting-edge innovation. Yet, it is crucial to discern the nature of this innovation and whose interests it truly serves. Does it prioritize shareholder returns, or is there a broader, national interest at play? As smaller, agile firms emerge, emphasizing true boundary-pushing innovation, one must ponder: Is the spirit of unbridled competition – a force that once fueled the American economy – being overshadowed by the looming giants? In the nuanced interplay between governmental oversight and market forces, recent actions within China's technology sector provide a captivating study of regulatory boundaries. This phenomenon, aptly termed ‘de-tycoonification’, captures a deliberate effort to harmonize enterprise innovation with centralized checks. A leading digital commerce platform in China encountered regulatory attention. The swift determination that its practices were anti-competitive, accompanied by a significant financial penalty, symbolizes a broader intent to redefine market paradigms. Prompt official communique following these events conveys a clear perspective: monopolistic behaviours can inhibit the holistic evolution of a market-based economy. This stance also emphasizes that thoughtful regulations, rather than restricting growth, might actually serve as pillars to stabilize and nurture it. The regulatory web further ensnared another major digital entity in China, underscoring the principle that technological ingenuity should operate within established ethical and legal frameworks. Such internal checks within China challenge certain dominant narratives in global tech centres. The notion that maintaining a robust market stature acts as a shield against global tech adversaries comes under scrutiny. The introspective regulatory steps within China necessitate a broader re-evaluation of such assumptions. The tech landscape today is unmistakably marked by the towering presence of Big Tech, but what underlies this dominance might point towards a concerning reduction in competitive intensity. For two decades, the profits raked in by American tech behemoths have remained unparalleled, with market valuations suggesting this trend is expected to continue, if not amplify, in the coming years. Such sustained, sky-high profitability isn't typical in a genuinely competitive market. In such a setting, rivals and newcomers usually exert downward pressures, ensuring no single entity retains an overwhelming edge for extended periods. The tech industry's trajectory further points towards a rising penchant for consolidation. This is evidenced by the substantial acquisitions of budding companies by the tech titans. Data sourced from Mergermarket underscores an uptick in acquisition activity by these colossal tech firms, particularly post-2010. The symbiotic relationship between persistent high profits and a trend toward industry concentration suggests that the tech market might be veering away from the vibrant competitive arena it once was. Cardwell’s law The tech landscape’s evolution, in its relationship with innovation, is witnessing a palpable shift in entrepreneurial motivation and vision. Historically, the fervour of pioneering something transformative, encapsulated in the ‘moonshot thinking’, drove entrepreneurs. This audacious spirit envisioned groundbreaking entities akin to the tech luminaries of the late 20th and early 21st century. Yet, today’s entrepreneurial aspirations seem more tempered. Instead of fostering ambitions of building the next revolutionary tech empire, there’s a growing inclination towards securing an acquisition by an existing tech colossus. This shift in sentiment dims the likelihood of a new tech juggernaut rising to challenge the incumbent titans. Post the era of computer-centric, web-driven, and smartphone-related innovations, a cloud of uncertainty looms over the emergence of new tech powerhouses. Notably, the promising technological domains of the upcoming decade – be it autonomous vehicles with their exorbitant R&D costs, virtual or augmented reality's significant development expenditures, the data intensity of artificial intelligence, or drones and the Internet of Things with their challenging profit margins – present formidable entry barriers. These hurdles, combined with a changing entrepreneurial landscape, cast a shadow on the future dynamism of tech innovation. Cardwell's elucidation on the patterns of technological evolution offers a poignant lens through which to view the current landscape dominated by Big Tech. Donald Stephen Lowell Cardwell’s seminal work from 1972 suggests that technological vigor within societies is not an enduring flame, but a fleeting burst of brilliance. Within the European context, as one nation's innovative energy began to wane, another would rise, ensuring a consistent relay of progress across the continent. Visualize this relay of innovation as a torch, brilliant yet intense. Historically, regions such as Northern Italy, Southern Germany, Spain, and Portugal, and later Holland, Britain, the United States, and Germany, took turns in holding this torch, leading the march of innovation. Yet, no single society clung to this leadership for extended durations. The relay ensured that as one nation's innovation diminished, another took up the mantle, propelling the collective forward. This phenomenon, coined as ‘Cardwell’s Law’ by Joel Mokyr, posits that when left in isolation, a society’s technological creativity is but a brief spark. Over time, conservatism’s stifling grip, intent on preserving existing structures of power and privilege, often curtails this innovative drive. This is where the analogy becomes particularly relevant for the Big Tech landscape. In today’s digital age, a few colossal entities dominate, much like the leading nations of old Europe. Yet, as these tech giants solidify their positions, they risk becoming victims of the very conservatism Mokyr speaks of. Instead of being conduits for continual innovation, their sheer dominance and entrenched positions could lead to a stagnation in technological creativity. As they grow in size and influence, there is an increasing tendency to preserve the status quo, which inadvertently suppresses the innovative spark found in smaller, more agile entities. Decentralization and open innovation In the contemporary milieu characterized by the overwhelming dominance of Big Tech monopolies, the paradigms of decentralized innovation and open innovation emerge as potentially transformative alternatives. The concept of distributed strategy borrows from nature, suggesting that in the same manner that organisms such as trees maximize their efficiency by creating multiple self-similar structures like leaves instead of solely relying on a single core trunk, businesses too need to shift their focus from purely scaling their core processes to nurturing multiple iterative strategies at the organizational peripheries. This can be encapsulated in the mantra of ‘Think Local, Act Global’. In essence, companies must attune to the nuanced demands and opportunities of each local market, while simultaneously integrating these learnings into a broader global strategy. This is particularly evident in industries undergoing rapid transformation; for instance, the automotive industry's evolution from merely selling cars to offering comprehensive mobility solutions, a shift that is predicted to significantly alter its revenue structure by 2035. In parallel, in our data-driven age, there is an increasing realization that the sheer volume of data is less crucial than its meaningful interpretation. Organizations need to pivot from prioritizing data accumulation to developing advanced algorithms capable of drawing insights from fragmented, patchy datasets. In the rapidly shifting landscape of today's global business environment, numerous established multinational corporations find themselves at a perplexing crossroads. The crux of their predicament stems from a foundational dilemma: how to juxtapose traditional scale-driven strategies with the emergent imperative of Distributed strategies. To dissect this conundrum, one must appreciate the inherently divergent organizational philosophies underpinning scale and distributed strategies. Transitioning from a scale-centric model to a distributed-oriented one is not merely about implementing a series of organizational modifications, no matter how profound. The shift demands a comprehensive reimagining of the organizational ethos and operational mechanics. Moreover, it is a fallacy to view these strategies as mutually exclusive. In actuality, they exist on a continuum, each holding its unique value. The challenge for modern enterprises lies in striking an optimal balance between harnessing the benefits of scale and the agility of Distributed strategies. Regrettably, the journey to this equilibrium is riddled with pitfalls, and many companies, even with their vast resources and global reach, have faltered in this endeavor. Contrary to scale-centric entities that depend on static assets, with streamlined yet inherently slower supply chains, Distributed organizations harness networks characterized by adaptability and continuous transformation. These networks are primed for swiftly addressing specific local requirements and seizing niche market prospects. Such frameworks incorporate a blend of proprietary micro-production facilities, possibly utilizing innovations like 3D printing; leasing assets from providers offering asset-on-demand services; and coordinating flexible ecosystems of regional digital collaborators. The overarching aim is twofold: continuously devise innovative solutions tailored for local clientele and escalate them to various markets with optimal speed. Distributed-oriented organizations prioritize decentralization, contrasting with the top-down hierarchies commonly seen in scale-driven entities. Within these structures, decision-making isn't confined to a centralized corporate core. Instead, considerable authority is delegated to customer-centric teams positioned away from the primary headquarters. This design fosters agility, allowing for a rapid response to localized demands and new opportunities. Some multinational corporations have observed marked improvements in their performance metrics after such decentralization. They empowered regional leaders with financial oversight, decision-making rights, streamlined communication channels to the central office, and enhanced access to market analytics. Another trend, seen in the case of an appliance industry giant, involves an even more radical shift. This entity introduced a unique organizational framework aimed at minimizing the distance between the enterprise and its customer base. In a bold move, an entire level of middle management was eliminated, redistributing power to numerous newly-formed, semi-independent, customer-aligned business segments. These units operate in synergy, linked by a unified digital platform. Further reading: Knowledge and venture capital as a driver of innovation. Meanwhile, ‘Open Innovation’ offers a complementary model, championing a departure from insular corporate research and development approaches. Instead, it advocates for the amalgamation of external insights, be they from academia, startups, or independent innovators, into the innovation process. This synergistic approach addresses the often-criticized inertia inherent in large tech monopolies, promoting a more dynamic and collaborative innovation ecosystem. Both these paradigms, however, necessitate a significant cultural shift within organizations, demanding a more flexible, adaptive, and outward-looking ethos to truly harness their potential in countering the inertia often associated with tech giants. The rise of open innovation, propelled by reduced communication costs and advancements in memory and computation capabilities, has ushered in significant changes in market dynamics and societal interactions. Unlike the traditionally centralized, firm-driven innovation models, open innovation champions a decentralized, peer-based approach that emphasizes intrinsic motivation and societal benefits. Indeed, the literature has delved into the nature of these peer innovation communities, understanding their social structures and intricacies. However, the repercussions of this shift towards open innovation on established and emerging firms remain inadequately explored. Current organizational and strategic theories don't fully encapsulate the nuances of community-driven innovation. Despite the transformative potential of open innovation, its influence on mainstream organizational and strategic discourses has been somewhat muted. As we progress, it becomes imperative to develop a more comprehensive understanding of firms in this new context, addressing the interaction between traditional organizational structures and emerging community-based innovation paradigms. Conclusion In an evolving landscape where tasks are increasingly modular and knowledge about solutions becomes more widespread, the traditional closed systems of innovation shift towards open, community-driven models. The implications are profound: we can no longer rely solely on conventional understandings of innovation rooted in cost efficiency, control mechanisms, and external incentives. As innovation gets embedded in a spectrum ranging from strictly internal processes to open community collaborations, our conceptualization of firms and their boundaries need revisiting. This doesn’t negate the value of traditional models, but it requires a hybrid approach where both internal and open strategies coexist. A pivotal question arises: under what circumstances should firms toggle between these different modes of innovation? The answer, it appears, lies in understanding the nature of the product and the distribution of problem-solving knowledge. For products that are inherently integrated and where specialized knowledge is centralized, the conventional in-house R&D model, bolstered by a strong innovation-centric culture, remains relevant. Here, innovation is typically cocooned within the firm's boundaries, spanning from distinct functional divisions to intricate, ambidextrous designs. However, when a product can be broken down into modular components and the requisite knowledge is dispersed, the limitations of a closed innovation system become evident. In these contexts, the power dynamics of innovation are reshaped by the principles of openness, collaborative sharing, intrinsic motivation, and community engagement. The challenge, then, for modern enterprises is to discern when to internalize and when to externalize, ensuring that they harness the best of both worlds while navigating the complex terrain of innovation.
submitted by Tesa_Tesanovic1988 to Open_innovation_model [link] [comments]


2024.05.18 21:04 sheldoreswaggins [1 YoE] Data Analyst with almost no responses, looking for feedback after fixes

[1 YoE] Data Analyst with almost no responses, looking for feedback after fixes
https://preview.redd.it/exza51kng81d1.jpg?width=5100&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=890e9797d09faf6a0d8516621f2af2542d8d486f
Was spending 2-3 months at the start of the year applying to data analyst roles with only 1 interview on over 200 apps. Found this subreddit recently and made some changes according to the wiki. Now I'm planning on starting up the applications again and am looking for feedback this time around.
Targeting data analyst/data engineeanalytics engineer roles located in east coast US or remote, no preference in industry. My current job pays well but I want to explore more opportunities and relocate to the east coast.
Any insight on my resume is appreciated, thanks
submitted by sheldoreswaggins to EngineeringResumes [link] [comments]


2024.05.18 15:32 Gambit-Accepted DAK Battlegroups And DLC Ideas

DAK Battlegroups And DLC Ideas
With the recent additional content for DAK, I’ve had a lot of ideas poking around in the back of my head about new battlegroups that could be developed and other related ideas for DAK. Having a creative bent of mind, I decided to do a write up of these ideas for publication, ideally to influence what comes out later, but mostly for my own enjoyment. This is what this post contains.
The perspective I’m coming from in this post is that, to me, it would be non-sensical for Relic to develop another sequel to Coh, as the release of Coh3 has demonstrated that you have to compete directly with the predecessors, leading to schisms in the playerbase. Moving to Coh3 made a lot of sense, as the technology required updating, but now that that is done, I feel doubling down on DLC for Coh3 in terms of new factions, battlegroups and content is the way to go, unless some fundamental technology leap happens in the next 10 years. Coh3 should be treated as the ‘platform’ on which Coh is developed. Even if we have to wait another 5 years for another faction, this probably makes the most sense. This way, the effort that would go to porting functionality to a new game, can be spent on creating new content and new features for the already existing game.
In terms of the design of the battlegroups, I wanted to make them thematic, different from existing battlegroups, unique and mostly historically accurate. The interesting aspect of DAK battlegroups is that you have a limited pool of units to work with.
Without further ado, here are my battlegroup ideas:
https://preview.redd.it/ln47ig1ct61d1.png?width=1308&format=png&auto=webp&s=931bc2205f9585526dc0543c3b24fb7f15611ccc
Central Idea: Logistics, augmenting Halftrack Deployment System. The battlegroup focuses on mobility and efficient resource expenditure.
Opel Blitz Fuel Truck: The Opel Blitz Fuel Truck should have two effects with the lockdown, when locked down on fuel, it should increase the rate of fuel supply, probably by more than a normal cache, however when locked down in base, it should reduce fuel cost of the vehicles in the selected structure, so kind of like officer supervision. This would encourage more active micro management of the unit. When it dies it should have a large AOE explosion, meaning friendly units should avoid it and also that it can be driven towards enemy units, kinda like a less efficient Goliath that you can't manually detonate, I can’t see this being anything but ludicrously fun. You really could go nuts with the audio design on that. Top Up Vehicle should be an ability that can be targeted on friendly vehicles. Once done, the target vehicle has faster speed, acceleration and deceleration for a fixed distance. Note this is a fixed distance, instead of time, so if the vehicle doesn't move, it won't 'expend' the ability.
Recharge Halftrack Deployment: This feeds into DAK’s tempo playstyle by allowing you to muster units rapidly. The situations where I see this being useful are early in the game when you want to get double call ins early to build out your composition at a discount or later in the game where you’re trying to mass late game armour quickly. For instance, calling in a P4 as a stopgap measure before calling in a Tiger 90 seconds later, especially if you build up a bank in the lategame.
Panzer III Munitions Supply Vehicle: Largely self explanatory, its like the Munitions Store for US, except mobile and provides different buffs. I could see this unit being coupled with ATGs and LeIGs being strong, as well as recharging snares faster, it compliments that infantry and support weapon playstyle nicely. The unit also can drop MG42s and Mortars, which give DAK manpower efficient access to more team weapons, diversifying potential builds.
Vehicle ROF Ability: Self explanatory. Could see it being strong on Marders, Tigers and Stug Ds. You could make this a global ability but here I’ve stuck with a unit ability.
Ability/Upgrades Discount: This essentially makes Unit Upgrades and Unit Abilities 50% cheaper for the duration. Its thematically appropriate and potentially a strong ability. If you could pair this with the Panzer III Muntions Vehicle, grenades would be cheaper but also recharge faster, although this combination could apply to a whole bunch of different things. Strategies where you rush this ability to ‘mass upgrade’ MG34s on the PGs could be a thing, although you’d need a fair bit of munitions banked up. One thing that could be experimented with is applying this to mines, where you could pop this to spam out mines, depending on how expensive the ability is, the calculus might add up.
Panzer I Command Tank: Feeding into that tempo style again, this early game vehicle would have roughly the potency against infantry as a 250, albeit with better armour. However, the main appeals are the capping and mobility bonuses, these would allow you to rapidly gain map control and would give you an edge when switching sides of the map. For flanking manoeuvres, this would also come in handy, one combination that would be strong would be your vehicles ‘Topped Up’ with the mobility bonuses from the Opel Blitz Fuel Truck and your infantry buffed by the Pzr I Command Tank, meaning your forces can get off flanks or respond to threats much faster.
Withdraw & Refit: Again interacting with the Halftrack Deployment System, this allows you to trade in vehicles that are not needed for resources, exactly like with Brits. I could see this being useful when you want to get rid of 250s that you have spare.
Panzer III S-Mine Launchers: This would be an ability on the Panzer III that allows it to launch S-Mines. I could see this being implemented in 2 ways, either exactly like the Tiger S-Mine launcher ability, which would be really strong for flanking AT Guns or chasing down squads, or if that’s too strong, more like the grenade ability on the Sturmtiger in Coh2. Again, this synergises with the Panzer III Munitions Vehicle and the Ability/Upgrades Discount ability.
Panzer III Side Skirts: Self explanatory, improves the armour and health of your Panzer IIIs after a unit upgrade is purchased. I wouldn’t be in favour of this being an instant upgrade to all units. This would again synergise with the Ability/Upgrades Discount ability.
Lorraine Schlepper Mobile Artillery: Finally, mobile artillery, not unlike the Wespe, giving DAK another tool in the box at their disposal.
https://preview.redd.it/japhac3bt61d1.png?width=1496&format=png&auto=webp&s=3e701d51062abcefb4181342300ec17de4d2fcf1
Central Idea: Fire, anti-cover. It would be strong against team weapon camp gameplay.
Incendiary Grenade Assault: Its essentially the exact same as the Assault Gren grenade assault, except Panzer Grens have access to it and its better at denying cover. So I see this being useful when you want to dislodge infantry in cover or make a Team Weapon move, as they won’t be able to jump back into cover or move back.
Detonating Shot: This ability is available for; Paks, Marders, P3s, Tigers, P4s, Stugs, Flak 36s. While active, if you land a kill shot on a vehicle, that vehicle will blow up causing AOE damage to nearby units. How good this should be will need to be tested. The basic counter play would be just to split up your units, but that requires micro. On the flip side, using the ability well also requires micro and good timing, so there’s a skill factor involved. This ability can also be used on ATGs and Indirect fire units (including emplacements), and if you land the kill shot on these units while the ability is active, it not only explodes but also, importantly, destroys the weapon outright. So you wouldn’t need to focus the decrewed weapon afterwards. This is pretty strong against team weapon play.
Indirect Incendiary Rounds: Exactly like it was in Coh2 for the same units. It also applies to the 254 Artillery observer. All of these barrages are good for area denial and also killing off emplacements.
21cm Nebelwerfer 42: A heavier version of the Nebelwerfer, relative to Wehr’s one. This would have higher alpha damage on it’s shells and the flame dot damage to boot. Only 5 rockets though.
Incendiary Creeping Barrage: Self-explanatory, area denial tool, good against team weapons and emplacements. Strong for denying VPs.
Double Flamethrower Panzer Pios: Strong upgrade naturally, but expensive. In order to get the double flamethrowers you need to buy each flamethrower for 50 munitions. It makes the squad a massive target.
Flammpanzer I Assault Group: This is very much a shock callin, you’d get this to drive your opponent off the map in the early stages of the game. Relative to the L6/40 with the flamethrower upgrade, this would be more potent as it retains the coaxial MG. Relative to the Flammpanzer III, it would have less health but come earlier. Combined with the Panzer Pios, it’s a strong power spike which would be especially good on urban maps.
Inspired Assault: Exactly like it was in Coh1, it was an interesting ability.
Sd. Kfz. 233 Armoured Car: In the great pantheon of DAK light vehicles, where does the 233 fit? It would be most comparable to the Stummel and the Scott, being effective against Team Weapons and Camp playstyle. Unlike the Stummel, it would be more effective at short range, as it retains an MG42 and has the canister round, as well as having more health. Relative to the 8 Rad, it would be worse at chasing infantry on retreat (although you already have the Flammpanzer I), but it would be far more proficient against units at range, units in cover and team weapons. Relative to the StuG D, it would be faster, cheaper and require less teching, but would have worse armour.
Heavy Incendiary Bomb Drop: Extremely good against team weapon camp, emplacements and units capping VPs. Could potentially neutralise points like the Dive Bomb in Coh2?
https://preview.redd.it/aipq57z9t61d1.png?width=1020&format=png&auto=webp&s=0bba7347d9d2321fca701d0e1b97fac68f4d1a0f
Central Idea: Heavy Team weapon play, this battlegroup is the only one that ‘goes against the grain’ of the DAK traditional playstyle by offering you more of a camp based strategy.
250 Reinforce: Essentially a utility ability that congeals with the rest of the battlegroup. Although I could see it being useful in combination with Assault Grens as well.
Pak 36 ATG: Light ATG, effective against Light Vehicles. Unlike the Pak 38, it requires no tech, so you can get it early and allows you to tech T2 while still having ATG support. The Stielgranate 41 shot improves it’s penetration against vehicles, although at the cost of munitions.
Tobruk Bunkers: Variety of emplacements, lots of photos of the DAK using these in WW2, hence the origin of their name. For defence in depth, these are going to be strong, you could have one of the Panzerturms in the back to prevent light vehicles or infantry from breaking in. The 360 Bunker is not fundamentally different from the Wehr AA piece, however, to make it more skilful, it would be cool if you have to manually switch the firing arc.
Flak 37 AA: A larger and more powerful AA than the Wehr Flak 30. This would be more effective against light vehicles and infantry, although could be made slower to move around, and have slower pack up and setup times, to balance it. My thinking is something like the speed of Pak 40s in camo would be slow enough to make indirect highly effective against them. It would encourage using them in conjunction with a tow vehicle, moving them around the battlefield quickly would be impossible without a tow vehicle, although not strictly necessary.
Rapid Suppression Barrage: This is mostly a standard off-map, except that the shells also cause suppression. My thinking with this is that it should cover a broad area, with a relatively short delay between each shell, with each shell having a large AOE suppression. Perhaps the effect would be best compared to the Nebelwerfer from Coh1, minus the flame. What you essentially use it for is area denial and forcing off squads.
MG131 HMG Team: Essentially a ‘premium’ HMG team, the same way the MG42 and DSKH were considered premium in Coh2. Its suppression and damage would be far better than the MG34. It should perform relatively well against light vehicles, like the .50 Cal did in Coh2. The HE rounds ability I see performing better against units in cover, potentially even allowing you to perform cover suppression.
Sd. Ah. 52 Supply Trailer: The Supply Trailer requires some explanation. My thinking with this is that its a brand new unit type, which loosely can be defined as a support weapon. How it works is that infantry squads can crew it, push it around, vehicles can tow it, etc. When in a position, it provides an aura which in this case gives nearby units additional construction options as well as increasing pio construction speeds and giving vehicles the ability to hull down. However, the unit shouldn't require pop cap and moreover, you can actually manually decrew it and it will still provide you the benefits. So for example, let's say it spawns in your base and you want to setup a strong point, you can crew it with a squad, wheel it over to a house near the frontline and then decrew it. Units within its vicinity would still be benefiting from the aura. When you want to move it, recrew it again, or tow it, to a new location. The beauty of this dynamic is that your opponents can steal these units from you like an ATG, so while they don't take up popcap and would be relatively cheap (say 100 to 150 manpower), you're still incentivised to protect them. You can also attack move them with AT guns etc, would be interesting to play around it. I think it would make for an fun dynamic, but would need to be coded from scratch. It also indirectly makes tow yet more useful. With this trailer specifically, it’s aura will make the area around it a point where you can dig in. Multiple squads would be setting up sandbags, vehicles would be able to hulldown and it can also distribute medical supplies.
Off-map Mortar Creeping Barrage: Fairly straight forward light off-map.
Hold The Line: This allows you to hold onto territory easier. A global ability, while in capture circles, your infantry will be hardier. Moreover, they can also reverse the capping progress of your opponent when you contest the capture with your own unit, although you can’t use this to capture territory that is contested. This will be really powerful in VP wars.
15 cm sIG 33 Heavy Infantry Support Gun: The star of the battlegroup. This would be like an LeIG but dialled up to 11. It would have 110 range direct autofire (so like Free Fire Drills), but with a slower ROF. The team would be able to move it around without tow, but like the Flak 37, it would be incredibly slow, like a Pak 40 in camo. The demolition shot would have a much shorter range, like 50, but be incredible against emplacements, although if you manage to get vehicles or team weapons it would be deadly as well. The trick shot nature of this should make it easier to avoid. So kind of like a Sturmtiger but much easier to notice and dodge, while also being less powerful. Realistically you would need to use tow to get it around, but its not strictly required.
https://preview.redd.it/4yg3itn8t61d1.png?width=1012&format=png&auto=webp&s=bb6f1e7b2a4c8d145cfe231db303b0474c33d4e9
Central Idea: Vision, having awareness of the battlefield and executing flanks. Conceptually this battlegroup is the opposite of Battlefield Espionage.
Horch 108 Recon: A heavy ‘ultra light’, which sounds like an oxymoron, but to put this on a scale, it would be better than the Krad as a harassment tool, but not as good as the 250. However, the 250 can’t cap and this can, whereas the Krad is cheaper, faster and has more vision while stationary. So there are trade offs to all 3. The Flak 38 gives the Horch better scaling than the krad. Relative to the Dingo, the Dingo should win, but one would expect the fight with the US Jeep to be more even, if not slightly Horch favoured.
Forward Observation Posts: These are equivalent to the battlefield espionage beacons, except they’re focused on providing LOS. You set them up with infantry and they can be faced to an area to provide sight. I could see these being super handy on the edge of the map, overlooking a flanking route.
Sd. Kfz. 263 Panzerfunkwagen: The Panzerfunkwagen would be a solid sight tool. The MG would be roughly as good as a 250, so you might want to use it aggressively early on, but you’d mostly be using it as a mobile sight platform. With cautious movement, you would be able to spot your opponents forces from camo and the Mark infantry ability should have a short cooldown and be free. You’d mark several units and they would make they more vulnerable to small arms. This would reward active micro management.
Timed Infantry Sight: Amazing for executing flanks, you can detect enemy units before they see you. This should make getting around MGs and picking your engagements far easier.
Panzer Commander Upgrade: Exactly like Coh2.
Suppressive Fire: Gives various units access to a suppressive fire ability. Coupled with the sight abilities, you can trigger this before an opponent’s unit comes into range.
Sd.Kfz.6/3 AT Halftrack: Weaker than the Marder in terms of health, the ATHT has the benefit of providing mobile AT without needing to tech T2. The ranged shot works well in conjunction with the sight tools allowing you to get off shots against more powerful vehicles without taking shots in return.
Temporary 222 Recon Group: Double 222s arrive off-map, they are in your control and you can use them how you please. However, after 75 seconds, they turn to AI control and leave the battlefield. By the time they reach the front, you’ll have roughly 60 seconds to ‘go nuts’ and do as much damage as possible. They don’t require manpower, fuel or popcap. This feeds into DAK’s tempo, all-in playstyle. So I could see a player building an 8-Rad and then using this ability, using the sight tools to determine where the ATGs are and then going all in, the 222s are relatively expendable. The 222s should benefit from the armoury upgrades, so in the lategame you could use this ability to jam captures or sneak off to grab a VP. As an opposing player, mines, hand held AT and snares are your friends. 222s should basically require 1 snare to cause engine damage. Some people have said they don't like temporary units, I haven't seen a good argument against them yet.
Bf 110 Autocannon Heavy Strafing Run: A heavy anti infantry strafing run, akin to the IL-2 strafe in Coh2. It would also be of variable length. Let's say X is your first click and Y is your second, which marks the end and direction of the run, the default run is diagram A, but you can drag the cursor of point Y as far as you want, with a maximum of either 35 range or when you don't have enough munitions banked up for the run. This gives you the flexibility of deciding how much you want to spend and where it will land. A well placed strafe on retreat could be devastating. The cursor should highlight the munitions cost as you drag from point x to point y.
Me 210 Light (SC50) Bombing Run: This is a much lighter bombing run than the US carpet bombing. It should be single line and relatively fast, the damage of the shells should be roughly equivalent to 5.5 inch artillery shells.
https://preview.redd.it/qi30nfn7t61d1.png?width=1417&format=png&auto=webp&s=200547a5ba6b66003c79100161f2613bc96b8c4f
Central Idea: Map presence, retaining position. The battlegroup was inspired by the invasion of Crete.
Luftwaffe Ground Forces: Somewhat similar to the Coh1 equivalent, they would be a fairly weak combat squad with lots of utility. In this case, they would have various construction options as well as being able to heal squads. L.P.Z. Light AT Mines would be more spamable than your standard mines, would be cheaper and only detonate on vehicles. If the vehicle is on less than 80% health, it would cause an engine crit. As an alpha damage, probably 75% of the standard mine would be sufficient. It would require 2 of these mines to detonate on a full health vehicle to engine crit it basically. Dosenmines are essentially like S-Mines and would be planted in patches. The M30 Drilling Shotgun Shot ability would be targeted on a squad and would have short range of about 5. You’d more or less use it like you would a grenade, except it like a throwing knife and the Sniper Shot ability, it can’t be dodged. More than likely, you’d get just one of these squads to augment your composition, with PGs as the mainline.
DFS 230 Glider HQ: Essentially a standard glider, you can drop it in to provide in field reinforcement. However, this glider can also heal nearby squads and recrew team weapons. In addition, the DFS 230 has roof top MG15 upgrade, which turns it into something akin to a light MG emplacement. So there are a few ways I see this being useful. One would be to drop the glider so that it covers your cut off, upgrade the MG and it will make it much harder for your opponent to cut you off and you’ll get infield reinforcement with healing. Maps like Famonville and Road to Tunis, this would be immensely useful. Another use would be in intense VP wars, at the end of the game you want to secure a flank VP, you drop the glider in and upgrade the MG, in many ways its like an auto build, quick deploy MG emplacement, that can also reinforce. Great for map control.
250 W/ Flak 38: Fairly vanilla, like the other 250 callins except with a Flak 38. The Flak 38 would have identical performance to the Flak 30 of Wehr, one way to differentiate them would be to give the gun shield heavy cover properties, but reduce the unit to 4 men to compensate.
Ju-87 Multi Vector MG Strafes: Essentially 3 separate strafes that you call in one after the other. The difference between this and a standard MG strafe is that these strafes give you what is essentially a ‘bulk buy discount’, but also, since they can be targeted in 3 totally separate places within LOS, your opponent has to react quickly to dodge all 3 of them. Its acts as a micro spike test, where you quickly throw them down and they quickly have to dodge. The skill of placing them all fast and accurately needs to be matched by the skill in dodging them all. Moreover, when combined with an attack with units, it can create an overwhelming set of threats.
Bomb Drop Overwatch: The most comparable ability to this would be sector artillery. However, in this case, its planes dropping bombs on units that come into the territory. Its not exactly a loiter though as the planes wait off map, they can still be shot down however. In terms of how strong the bombs should be, it would require testing but somewhere between a 5.5 inch shell and the US Dive Bomb would be a good place to start. Ideally a broad AOE, with only a small zone of full damage. This tool would essentially be used for area denial and be really strong in VP wars.
Ready Reinforcements: A fairly straight forward ability that speeds up reinforcement and allows quick return to the battlefield, again allowing you to retain field presence. Another feature of this ability is that it speeds up in field reinforcement and allows infantry to sprint in friendly territory outside of combat, being able to react to hot spots faster.
Junkers Ju 52 Reinforcement Pass: This is most comparable to the Paradrop Reinforcements of US, except where that ability is a stream of reinforcements over a long duration, this ability is more geared towards a burst of reinforcements all at once. There’s an element of skill in its deployment, as you’re incentivised to line up as many squads lengthwise as possible to maximise reinforcements dropped per munitions expenditure. Since its substantially longer than wide, you could have several squads in different engagements all ‘caught’ in the line and all benefiting from the ability. I could see this happening when you have multiple squads spread across the centre of the map and all located within the area of effect. The ability can be used to swing engagements and keep units in the field.
Paradrop 4.2cm Pak 41 Team: Self-explanatory, the performance of the Pak would be better than both the Pak 36 and the 38, as well as being more mobile than the 38. Useful to quickly deploy AT to a trouble spot.
Temporary Bolster: During the duration of the ability, squads can get an extra man. So Panzer grenadiers can go from 5 to 6 (or from 6 to 7), MG34s go from 4 to 5, Paks likewise etc. This applies to all infantry and support weapons. Once the ability ends, the extra model doesn’t leave, but when the squad drops back to normal numbers of models, it won’t return to the bolstered level until the ability is reactivated. What this ability allows you to do is augment the heath and DPS of your squads temporarily, making them more survivable in the field. Obviously though, the extra models are not free, costing both manpower and munitions.
Temporary Fallschirmjägers Assignment: Like the 222 assignment in the previous battlegroup, this involves you taking control of 2 squads which leave the battlefield after a period of time. In this case, 2 squads of MP40 Falls are dropped where you like and then can be used to sow carnage for 75 seconds from when they touch the ground. Their MP40s make them ideal for flanking team weapons, they have smoke grenades and the can throw short range snares. So you could potentially drop them in behind the lines with the intention of catching a vehicle trying to back up from the front line. One massive use of this ability will be in VP wars, where you drop them onto a VP in the lategame to swing the match in your favour. They don’t cost manpower, population or upkeep, but require a lot of munitions.
Historical Accuracy Notes
A few notes on what is inaccurate or anachronistic. The Panzer III Munitions Vehicle, as far as I know, wasn’t used in Africa but on the Eastern Front. There was another, the Lorraine Schlepper Munitions Vehicle, that was used in Africa for the exact same purpose and this could be used instead, but the benefits of the P3 are reduced development cost as some of the voice lines and the vehicle sounds can be reused. I’m also not so sure whether Side Skirts were used on P3s in North Africa, I haven’t seen photo evidence in any case.
The MG131, while used in a ground HMG role, I haven’t seen evidence of it being used by the DAK in North Africa. About ten Sd.Kfz.6/3 AT Halftracks were used, some people might object to that unit on these grounds. I haven’t seen evidence of the Pak 41 being used in North Africa, I’m also fairly sure they didn’t paradrop them. The M30 Drilling Shotgun was used in North Africa…but only by downed pilots. The Madsen Belt Fed MG was a Luftwaffe contract gun, but I haven’t seen evidence of it being used in North Africa. Likewise with the Panzerhandmine 3. Needless to say, all these are exceptions. Otherwise, to the best of my knowledge, these designs are historically congruent.
Design Notes
I deliberately avoided using Italian Units in these designs. Following from what I said about Relic doubling down on Coh3, I feel it makes sense for them to eventually create an Italian Faction, so I didn’t want to cannibalise that faction, especially when the DAK already has plenty of material to play with.
What to do with the remaining units in the files?
There are several other units in the game files that I haven’t used here. This was intentional. Several people having been calling out for the substitute vehicle feature from Coh1:
https://preview.redd.it/ijcq0sb6t61d1.png?width=1280&format=png&auto=webp&s=62585a9618ad9fb793d9ce95dcaccacf61dabaaa
As a feature it makes a lot of sense, I feel the community would be far more interested in small and frequent content drops like these instead of cosmetics and they could be priced to be more profitable than battlegroups at less development cost. They would ideally be more frequent as well, bringing players to the game. I feel games like War Thunder and WOT benefit from the sheer variety of units and I can’t see how this wouldn’t apply to Coh. Whenever they release, the units will be similar enough to the units they replace that they won’t disturb balance much, meaning less emergency balance hotfixes.
I feel this is what makes the most sense for the units already modelled, for example, the Panzer II is fundamentally serving the exact same role as the 8-Rad, they’re both 20mm autocannon light vehicles. Its hard to imagine a build where you would build both of them in the same composition and trying to make them different would be clumsy. We see this with the L6/40s, which are also similar to the 8 Rad and have been specialised to be worse against infantry and better against vehicles, to mixed results. Then there’s the 250/9. Adding another autocannon light vehicle via a battlegroup wouldn’t be that different from what we already have but as a substitute vehicle it makes a lot of sense. This logic can be applied to most of the vehicles already in the game files. The substitutions I would advise would be:
https://preview.redd.it/rermeob5t61d1.png?width=584&format=png&auto=webp&s=9a507899379f8fcd8c50d3ae04d85f8982f7ca12
The Panzerjäger I is already in the game files and could be substituted for the Marder. It would have less health and worse pen, but could be made significantly cheaper. This would be an interesting trade off in the composition. Alternatively, there’s the Marder III H which also could be made as a substitute, it would largely have the same performance but could have an MG upgrade and have a different starting price.
https://preview.redd.it/1jsj20n4t61d1.png?width=698&format=png&auto=webp&s=8be575f13ce97a2cd6c3e773ce16d67885949a5c
The Sturmpanzer II would have a much larger up front damage, closer to a Brummbär, but would have a lot less health and far worse frontal armour. You wouldn’t be tanking Bazooka shots like you do with the StuG D but it would be significantly more deadly.
https://preview.redd.it/gza0pvy3t61d1.png?width=526&format=png&auto=webp&s=c3425632265b68ee6e8d47216ceb8d6c0f36b83b
For the Opel Blitz Flak 38, it would be cool if this worked more like the Flak HT in Coh2, with the set up time and suppression. So this unit could be made cheaper and have the same role as the Flakvierling, but be more finicky to use.
Others:
https://preview.redd.it/mtp4c3a3t61d1.png?width=702&format=png&auto=webp&s=32e312dabe55957321e2ec9af9e8f89f89709906
https://preview.redd.it/n0klnvo2t61d1.png?width=652&format=png&auto=webp&s=e5825bd63a95e22090b3b9f52a8f820e61054537
https://preview.redd.it/59hqrd02t61d1.png?width=617&format=png&auto=webp&s=428ac413c7d8617936417072a1e74e0116285c46
https://preview.redd.it/9xmco9e1t61d1.png?width=813&format=png&auto=webp&s=3f34a21b37f36313900d7dc0cc2f0fa025370b03
Conclusion
This is what I would do with the remaining DAK content, short of a rework. The battlegroups are unique, fairly historically accurate, thematic and interesting. The concepts can at least be stolen and repurposed elsewhere. If there’s anything clearly broken or so amazing that it needs a shout out, feel free to let me know. I have other ideas for the other factions but I'm still pondering them.
PS. This is a repost from before, when I initially posted this I didn't understand how Reddit worked.
submitted by Gambit-Accepted to CompanyOfHeroes [link] [comments]


2024.05.18 00:19 Seardragon ~600 jobs applied to over the last 10 weeks, no offers.

submitted by Seardragon to resumes [link] [comments]


2024.05.17 11:44 Frequent_Buy2431 Mastering Database Design Process: Expert Tips and Homework Help

Welcome back, database enthusiasts! Today, we delve into the intricate world of Database Design Process Homework Help. Whether you're a novice or a seasoned professional, understanding the fundamentals of database design is crucial for building efficient and scalable databases. In this blog post, we'll explore two master-level questions related to the database design process and provide in-depth theoretical answers to help you sharpen your skills by our experts at the "DATABASE HOMEWORK HELP" website.
Question 1: What are the key steps involved in the Database Design Process?
Answer: The Database Design Process encompasses several crucial steps, each contributing to the creation of a well-structured and optimized database system. Here's a breakdown of the key stages:
  1. Requirement Analysis: This initial phase involves gathering requirements from stakeholders to understand the purpose, scope, and functionalities expected from the database system.
  2. Conceptual Design: In this stage, a conceptual model of the database is created, focusing on the entities, attributes, and relationships between them. Techniques like Entity-Relationship Diagrams (ERDs) are commonly used to represent the conceptual design.
  3. Logical Design: Once the conceptual model is established, it's translated into a logical schema using a data model such as the Relational Model. This stage involves defining tables, attributes, primary keys, foreign keys, and normalization to minimize redundancy and ensure data integrity.
  4. Physical Design: Here, the logical schema is transformed into a physical database design, considering factors like storage optimization, indexing, partitioning, and performance tuning. Decisions regarding the choice of database management system (DBMS) and hardware configurations are made in this phase.
  5. Implementation: In this final stage, the database design is implemented using SQL or other database programming languages. Tables are created, constraints are enforced, and indexes are defined based on the finalized design.
By following these steps meticulously, database designers can develop robust and efficient database systems that meet the requirements of the stakeholders.
Question 2: What are the challenges faced during the Database Design Process, and how can they be addressed?
Answer: While designing a database, several challenges may arise, ranging from conceptualization hurdles to technical complexities. Here are some common challenges and strategies to overcome them:
  1. Ambiguous Requirements: Unclear or constantly changing requirements can impede the design process. To address this challenge, it's essential to engage in thorough communication with stakeholders and conduct regular reviews to ensure alignment between the database design and business needs.
  2. Data Redundancy and Inconsistency: Poorly designed databases may suffer from data redundancy and inconsistency, leading to integrity issues and inefficiencies. Normalization techniques can help mitigate these problems by organizing data into logically structured tables and minimizing redundant information.
  3. Performance Optimization: As databases grow in size and complexity, optimizing performance becomes critical. Techniques such as indexing, query optimization, and denormalization can enhance database performance by reducing query execution time and improving data retrieval efficiency.
  4. Security Concerns: With the increasing threat of data breaches and cyberattacks, database security is paramount. Implementing robust security measures such as access control, encryption, and regular audits can safeguard sensitive data and prevent unauthorized access.
  5. Scalability and Flexibility: A well-designed database should be scalable to accommodate future growth and flexible enough to adapt to evolving business requirements. Modular design principles and flexible schema designs can facilitate scalability and agility, allowing the database to evolve with the organization's needs.
By addressing these challenges proactively and leveraging best practices in database design, developers can overcome obstacles and build resilient, high-performance database systems.
In conclusion, mastering the Database Design Process requires a deep understanding of the fundamental concepts and principles underlying database design. By tackling master-level questions like the ones discussed in this post and applying theoretical knowledge to practical scenarios, you can enhance your skills and excel in the field of database development. Stay tuned for more expert insights and tips to elevate your database design expertise!
submitted by Frequent_Buy2431 to DatabaseAdministators [link] [comments]


2024.05.17 05:36 TheSilverSmith47 Is there a way to make mermaid tree diagrams highlight related nodes the same way the Obsidian graph view does?

I'm making a VERY large tree diagram in order to visualize the hierarchical relationships between hundreds of entities. At first, I planned to use notes in Obsidian with links to other notes and view the relationships in the graph view. However, this setup doesn't allow me to visualize the hierarchy between the different nodes. Instead, it just collects all of the notes into a single blob.
I found an alternative in the form of the mermaid tree diagrams that are native to Obsidian. In terms of formatting, it does almost exactly what I need. However, due to the vast nature of my diagram, following the spaghetti of arrows becomes difficult. Is there a way to make the node your mouse hovers over highlight all other related nodes within 1 degree of separation? I love this feature in the graph view.
Even better would be a function that instantly moves your view to the connected node of whatever branch you click and then momentarily highlights that node.
submitted by TheSilverSmith47 to ObsidianMD [link] [comments]


2024.05.16 19:50 louied91 Herborium Group Signs Agreement with Stardust Holdings for Funding Support for SKINTELL®, Intelligent Skin Co

News Link: https://www.einpresswire.com/article/711978879/herborium-group-signs-agreement-with-stardust-holdings-for-funding-support-for-skintell-intelligent-skin-co
Artificial Intelligence Powered First "Intelligent Skin is In™"
Herborium Group, Inc (OTCMKTS:HBRM)
HOUSTON, TEXAS, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, May 16, 2024 /EINPresswire.com/ -- Herborium® Group, Inc. (OTC Pink: HBRM), www.acnease.com ; a Botanical Therapeutics® Company, the provider of proprietary, botanical, medicinal products and integrative, science centered content targeting skin-health, skin wellness and beauty, signed a Non-exclusive Agreement with Stardust Holdings LLC of Vancouver, Canada to secure funding necessary do develop and grow SKINTELL®, its Artificial Intelligence Powered Intelligent Skin Subsidiary.
SKINTELL® houses an artificial intelligence (AI) driven platform designed to meet the needs of the $300 Billion Skin-Health and Skincare Market. The SKINTELL® Intelligent Skin Platform will deliver precise, multi-point diagnosis and curated, personalized, and integrated solution focused (not brand driven) products, content, and services. Those uniquely bundled deliverables target a broad spectrum of needs of consumers and business customers in the skin health/ skincare sector.
It is expected that the world’s top companies will invest $1 trillion over the next five years in AI, with most of it going to new data centers. This is where SKINTELL® Intelligent Skin AI Platform meets the needs of the future. SKINTELL’s® Mission is to maximize the personalized benefits for the members of its community through the accurate and perpetual adjustment and expansion of the most to date and accurate knowhow data base.
The complex and rapidly evolving skin-health/skincare sector is projected to reach globally close to $300 Billion by 2031. According to Market Future’s Research Report from March 2023, exponential growth is also expected in the global Natural and Organic Cosmetic Market sub-sector which is projected to more than double from $41.38 Billion in 2023 to $85.47 Billion by 2031. The estimated increase for the same period in the US market alone is projected to be over 33%. The growing level of expenditures on health and selfcare, coupled with increasing consumer awareness about chemicals and their potential adverse effects are major drivers of this growth. Herborium Group has been blazing the innovative natural path in the skin-health /skincare sector for almost two decades and is now ready to use AI technology to advance it further, and to incorporate AI to drive its “Intelligent Skin is In” Program.
Stardust Holdings Ltd. was established in 1986 and has been in business as a financial facilitator for companies in a wide range of industries. The president, Dr. Ted Robinson, is a surgeon who orients Stardust towards the medical industry and companies that can benefit patients in North America, Asia, Europe and elsewhere. He has a particular penchant for natural health products because they lack the side effects of treatments that often involve chemically derived pharmaceuticals. Over the past years the total capital raised and being raised by Stardust Holdings is in the range of $2 Billion USD.
“The due diligence that Stardust has conducted on Herborium’s products and performance, coupled with SKINTELL's unique mission, capabilities and opportunities provides a strong indicator of a bright future for both entities that are worthy of the support that Stardust is providing. Stardust looks forward to a long and mutually beneficial relationship with Herborium and SKINTELL." Commented Dr. Robinson
“We are both - proud and hopeful to be able to count Stardust Holdings as our supporter. We believe that with Stardust assistance SKINTELL® will become an important and valuable force in the Skin Health/Skincare space.” Commented Dr Agnes P. Olszewski, CEO of Herborium and President of SKINTELL®.
submitted by louied91 to pennystocks_No_Rules [link] [comments]


2024.05.16 11:58 UMJaved Why are Scatter Diagrams Used?

Why are Scatter Diagrams Used?
Scatter diagrams are a powerful visual tool used to explore and understand the relationship between two variables. Whether you're analyzing data sets, conducting research, or making informed decisions, scatter diagrams offer valuable insights into the correlation, trends, and patterns within your data. Let's delve into the reasons why scatter diagrams are widely used and how they can benefit your analytical endeavors.

Reasons

Identify Patterns and Trends

One of the primary reasons for using scatter diagrams is to identify patterns and trends within data sets. By plotting data points on a Cartesian plane with one variable on each axis, scatter diagrams provide a visual representation of how the variables are related. Whether it's assessing the correlation between sales volume and advertising expenditure or examining the relationship between temperature and ice cream sales, scatter diagrams enable you to identify trends, clusters, and outliers that may not be apparent from raw data alone.

Assess Correlation Strength

Another key benefit of scatter diagrams is their ability to assess the strength and direction of correlation between variables. By examining the dispersion of data points around the plotted trend line, you can determine whether there is a positive, negative, or no correlation between the variables. This information is invaluable for making predictions, identifying causal relationships, and informing decision-making processes.

Identify Outliers and Anomalies

Scatter diagrams also help in identifying outliers and anomalies within data sets. Outliers are data points that deviate significantly from the overall pattern or trend observed in the scatter plot. These outliers may represent unusual or unexpected observations that warrant further investigation. By visually identifying outliers in a scatter diagram, you can uncover insights, detect data errors, and refine your analysis to ensure accuracy and reliability.
In summary, scatter diagrams are used for various purposes, including identifying patterns and trends, assessing correlation strength, and identifying outliers and anomalies within data sets. By leveraging the visual power of scatter diagrams, you can gain deeper insights into your data, make informed decisions, and drive meaningful outcomes in your projects and endeavors.
How to create a Scatter Diagram in Microsoft Excel?
  1. Install ChartExpo for Excel add-in (Its is an add-in for Microsoft Excel that delivers advance charts in Excel. You can Google it)
  2. Find "Scatter Plot" in the list of charts
  3. Bind your data and create the chart
  4. Export the chart and share with your audience
Scatter Diagram in Microsoft Excel
submitted by UMJaved to bestchartsandgraphs [link] [comments]


2024.05.15 15:08 WhatCanIMakeToday Operational Efficiency Shares: Rehypothecating 🐇🐇🐇🐇 And Breaking Free Of Chains [WalkThrough] (4/n)

Operational Efficiency Shares: Rehypothecating 🐇🐇🐇🐇 And Breaking Free Of Chains [WalkThrough] (4/n)
From the prior DD in this series [1], we know that ComputerShare can “give” the DTC registered DSPP shares to hold onto for operational efficiency which are then “given back” as shares beneficially owned “for the benefit of” (“FBO”) DSPP Plan Participants at ComputerShare, as illustrated in this diagram:
From The Prerequisite DD
It’s time to explore what “operational efficiency” benefits may be gained by DSPP shares going around this roundabout. At first glance, shares are basically just going in a big circle from DSPP Plan Participants with registered ownership DSPP shares at ComputerShare heading to the DTC, who hands shares to ComputerShare’s broker who maintains those shares for the benefit of ComputerShare who holds those shares for the benefit of Plan Participants. While I think it’s unlikely that shares just go around in a big fat circle for no reason, I do remember people getting onto flights to literally go nowhere a few years ago [CNN, NYT]; so maybe these operational efficiency shares simply miss hanging out at the DTC?
Let’s look more closely… While title is held by a registered DSPP Plan Participant, ComputerShare is giving the DTC possession [1] of registered DSPP shares to the DTC to hold for operational efficiency which then ultimately end back in the possession of ComputerShare’s broker (who isn’t lending out shares) for the benefit of ComputerShare for the benefit of Plan Participants. If we treat the DTC’s operations as a big black box, we see registered shares going into the DTC black box and beneficially owned shares coming out of the black box to ComputerShare for Plan Participants.
DTCC Black Box: Inputs vs Outputs
Investopedia says that shareholders have rights, with a list of 6 main rights including:
  1. Voting power on major issues.
  2. Ownership in a portion of the company.
  3. The right to transfer ownership.
  4. Entitlement to dividends.
  5. Opportunity to inspect corporate books and records.
  6. The right to sue for wrongful acts.
By contrast, beneficial owners only need to have or share 2 of those rights (bolded) according to the definition of beneficial owner in Rule 13d-3: the power to vote and the power to dispose of the security (e.g., sell).
§ 240.13d-3 Determination of beneficial owner.
(a) For the purposes of sections 13(d) and 13(g) of the Act a beneficial owner of a security includes any person who, directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship, or otherwise has or shares:
(1) Voting power which includes the power to vote, or to direct the voting of, such security; and/or,
(2) Investment power which includes the power to dispose, or to direct the disposition of, such security.
ComputerShare basically confirms this list (except for the right to sue as that’s probably not one their issuer customers would emphasize) and adds that beneficially held shares may be lent by brokers generally (but not by ComputerShare’s broker).
Registered Shareholder Rights vs Beneficial Owner Rights
Maybe you’ve had different experiences from me, but I’ve never known Wall St to deliver more than the bare minimum they’re contractually obligated to. Which means the DTC black box is very likely watering down shareholder rights from the 6 that go in down to the 2 which come out. (And yet, we’re supposed to believe that all shares are equal. 🙄)
Dividends (#4 on the list) [2] may be the clearest example of a watered down shareholder right. Registered shareholders have the right “to directly receive share dividends” [CS FAQ] which means if a company (e.g., GameStop or OverStock) issues a dividend, registered shareholders have the right to directly receive the dividend as issued. If the company issues a crypto dividend (as OverStock tried to do), registered shareholders have the right to directly receive the issued crypto dividend. Beneficial shareholders would get an issued dividend, if available, or a cash equivalent if not. Historically, stock and other dividends to beneficial shareholders could easily be delivered as a cash equivalent, a watered down form. Crypto dividends don’t scale well with shorts (both naked and legal via, for example, share lending and borrowing) because crypto tokens are unique which makes it abundantly clear why a crypto dividend was nixed for a heavily shorted idiosyncratic stock like GameStop; especially given GameStop’s particularly active shareholders.
Ownership (#2 on the list) may be the second clearest example of a watered down shareholder right as more security interests to shares exist in the DTC’s beneficial ownership system than there are shares; with the SEC saying beneficial shares get a pro rata interest in the securities of that issue held by DTC. [See End Game Part Deux: Problems at the DTCC plus The Bigger Picture, particularly the section “The Pie Is Shrinking: Get Out (And DRS) While You Can”]
Voting (#1 on the list) is also an example watered down shareholder right; this one having a long history on this sub with, for example, BroadRidge tossing 7B votes and bragging about it. (Beneficial owners only need to get shared voting rights per Rule 13d-3 above so those 7B “shared” votes just lost out to who they shared with.) Unlike other beneficially held shares, voting rights for DSPP shares are not watered down as ComputerShare sends registered holders their voting forms.

Operational Efficiency Shares, Whatcha Doing In There?

A big black box is a pretty good description of the DTC which does not want us to know the ins and outs of what’s going on. Black holes are a pretty good example of a big black box and, most importantly, we know a lot about black holes even though they can’t be directly observed. Just as we learned about black holes without direct observation, we can similarly learn a lot about the Operational Efficiency shares even though we can’t directly observe them in the DTC habitat.
Even though we can’t look inside the DTC’s big black box, it turns out we don’t really have to in order to identify some benefits from these operational efficiency shares taking their roundabout trip to nowhere.
Locates A few commenters have suggested that OE shares could be used for locates so I’ll address this first. Possible, yes. But I don’t view this as the most interesting use for OE shares. Brokers are supposed to “locate” securities available for borrowing before short selling. [Wikipedia)] Basically, before selling short a broker is supposed to find a source to borrow. The “locate” requirement does NOT require the security to be borrowed before short selling which can result in a legal naked short.
You may be wondering why I don’t view “locates” as particularly interesting for OE shares if short sellers need to locate shares to borrow before shorting. Well, market makers are also exempt from this requirement as long as they’re market making. 🙄 On top of the market maker exemption, remember House Of Cards? In House Of Cards 3 [SuperStonk], we learned about the now 🤦‍♂️ hilarious F**3 key **- yeah, the one on a keyboard. Brokers like Goldman found the locate requirement simply too much work so they would press the F3 key and their system would auto-approve the locate requirement based only on the number of shares available to borrow at the beginning of the day; regardless of whether those shares were still available to borrow or not.
House Of Cards 3
Meaning as long as there were some shares available to borrow at the beginning of the day for their share copying system, brokers could just smash the F3 key to make as many copies of shares as they need. Even if only 1 share was available to borrow at the beginning of the day, a broker could simply smash the F3 key 100 times to approve the locate requirement for 100 shares.
So while OE shares could be used for locates, they wouldn’t need many shares each day to make an unlimited number of copies - even just 1 is enough.
Lending shares on the other hand…
Rehypothecation Rehypothecation is the reuse of customer collateral for lending. Per a 2010 IMF Working Paper, The (sizable) Role of Rehypothecation in the Shadow Banking System,
Rehypothecation occurs when the collateral posted by a prime brokerage client (e.g., hedge fund) to its prime broker is used as collateral also by the prime broker for its own purposes.
This IMF paper defined a “churning factor” to measure how many times an asset may be reused; and then estimated a churning factor of 4 noting that it could be higher because international banks (e.g., HSBC and Nomura) were not sampled. This IMF paper found a single asset may be lent and borrowed 4 times, or more; an average which could be higher globally.
https://preview.redd.it/ymr3j03zri0d1.png?width=795&format=png&auto=webp&s=1555314cefd520658a4f78dc4745867063e3bf34
Churn Factor Could Be Higher Globally
How much higher? We may have seen a churn factor as high as 10 for a less idiosyncratic meme stock per my prior post, Estimating Excess GME Share Liquidity From Borrow Data & Churn Factor. Presumably, the idiosyncratic meme stock would have a higher churn factor (but not that important for this post).
More recently (2018), the Federal Reserve published this Fed Note on ​​The Ins and Outs of Collateral Re-use studying how often collateral is reused (i.e., rehypothecated) for Treasury & non-Treasury securities [3] with a beautiful figure illustrating how “for any given moment in time, one security can be attributed to multiple financial transactions” where a share could be posted multiple times through Security Financing Transactions (SFTs) and sold short. [4] Sounds familiar, right?
https://preview.redd.it/zsztmji4si0d1.png?width=1530&format=png&auto=webp&s=f222dfe50929f668af8f8f0b39514a7d862db9c9
Figure 6c of this Fed Note shows a Collateral Multiplier over time illustrating how “PDs [Primary Dealers] currently re-use about three times as many securities as they own for non-Treasury collateral and seven times as many securities as they own for U.S. Treasury securities”.
AKA \"Money Multiplier\"
The Fed Note describes their Collateral Multiplier as a “money multiplier” (Seriously, I couldn’t have made this up in a million years.),
In a sense, our Collateral Multiplier is akin to a "money multiplier," as it compares private liabilities created by a firm with the amount of specific assets held to create those liabilities. [​​The Ins and Outs of Collateral Re-use]
And, of course, the Collateral Multiplier aka “money multiplier” ratio goes up when there’s less collateral available and down when there’s more collateral available. (Can I get one of these multipliers?)
Intuitively, we expect the ratio to increase when collateral is scarce and to decrease when collateral is more abundant.
Which means Primary Dealers [Wikipedia has a list of familiar names including Deutsche Bank, JP Morgan, Morgan Stanley, Nomura, BofA, Citigroup, TD, UBS, and Wells Fargo; amongst others] can simply kick securities around a few extra times (e.g., with SFTs and short sells) to effectively multiply the amount of money and/or collateral they have any time they need it. (Within limits, I hope…)
Thus, rehypothecation is a very interesting use of Operational Efficiency shares from ComputerShare as various primary dealers can simply “multiply” the number of shares they have – a concept that we’re already quite familiar with. As rehypothecation, short sells, and securities financing transactions are all perfectly legal, rehypothecating more GameStop shares provided to the DTC via operational efficiency satisfies Ground Rule #2 [defined in (1/n) in this series],
  1. All parties involved are all generally attempting to operate within the bounds of the laws and regulations wherever possible. (I know we often scream “crime”, but why break a law when money can simply [re]write laws to make activities legal. Regulatory failure is the reason why something that should be criminal, isn’t. And regulatory failure happens when armies of lawyers are paid to create and exploit loopholes so that actions which should be criminal, are instead legal.)
We can update our conceptual model to include rehypothecation to more clearly illustrate how Operational Efficiency shares held in the DTC can be rehypothecated (e.g., with SFTs and short sells) until a watered down share is delivered to ComputerShare’s broker to hold FBO ComputerShare, who holds the watered down share FBO DSPP Plan Participants.
https://preview.redd.it/bt3gnx99si0d1.png?width=4764&format=png&auto=webp&s=7b0b72b935f740e8a3036f88e1a4e1dfb57dd46c
You might notice from this illustration that ComputerShare has been telling the truth satisfying Ground Rule #1 [defined in (1/n) in this series]. Neither ComputerShare’s nor their broker lend or need to lend shares. All the rehypothecation happens “upstream” amongst other DTCC and NSCC Participants until shares are finally delivered to ComputerShare’s broker at the end of the “Churn Chain”. ComputerShare has made no representations about what the DTC can or can not do with the shares in their possession. And, realistically, ComputerShare is in no position to make any representations about what happens within the DTCC system – ComputerShare is only responsible for themselves and, to some extent, their broker.
The Fed Note and IMF paper found assets may be churned and reused 3-4 times (overall market average) which means the end of the chain is typically around D3 or D4. (If my prior DD estimates are correct, there were signs a less idiosyncratic meme stock may be churned up to 10 times ending the chain at D10 which suggests a potentially longer chain for GME, the idiosyncratic meme stock.) If there is no collateral reuse for an asset, the chain would have zero length meaning Operational Efficiency shares go straight from the DTC directly to ComputerShare’s broker. (Programmers almost certainly understand zero length chains very well – go find one if you need an explanation.)
GameStop is idiosyncratic, thus atypical. Per the IMF paper, collateral reuse increases when collateral is scarce and decreases when collateral is abundant (quoted above). If we consider GameStop investors have been direct registering shares (i.e., DRS) and registering shares (e.g., DSPP) thereby removing title and/or possession of shares from the DTC/DTCC/Cede & Co, then GameStop share availability has been becoming more scarce and the “Churn Chain” for GME should be longer than average representing a higher collateral multiplier and churn value.
While we may not know the exact length of the Churn Chain for GameStop shares, we can pretty well surmise that it’s not a zero length Churn Chain where there is no collateral reuse based simply on scarcity. After all, a shortage of available shares is, by definition, required for any short squeeze (including MOASS). Requests by brokers to enable Share Lending [5] is another example indicator that GameStop shares are scarce.
In addition, according to Investopedia [6], “Banks, brokers, or other financial institutions may navigate a liquidity crunch and access capital by rehypothecating client funds” and we’ve seen indicators showing us banks are in deep trouble:
The downside to rehypothecation is the higher leverage increases risks of default and a single collapse can start a chain reaction knocking down others like dominos.
There are also leverage considerations that increase that risk of default. Overleveraged investments often face covenants; when specific conditions are met, trading accounts may receive a margin call or face debt default. As a row of dominos fall after a single collapse, a single margin call may cause other debts to fail their account maintenance requirements, setting off a chain reaction that places the institution at higher risk of overall default. [6]
This risk for rehypothecation sounds exactly like what the Options Clearing Corporation was complaining about to the SEC when the ​​OCC Proposed Reducing Margin Requirements To Prevent A Cascade of Clearing Member Failures [SuperStonk] early 2024. If the OCC can eliminate margin calls, then no dominos get knocked down. (Thankfully, apes have done a phenomenal job in convincing the SEC that this OCC proposal is a very bad idea. Support the SEC’s rejection of this as Simians Smash SEC Rule Proposal To Reduce Margin Requirements To Prevent A Cascade of Clearing Member Failures!)
Most importantly, it may be tough to regain possession of an asset when someone in the rehypothecation chain defaults. Remember from the prior DD the expression about possession: Possession is nine-tenths of the law.
Clients must be aware of rehypothecation as it is technically their own assets that have been pledged for someone else's debt. This creates complicated creditor issues where an investors shares may longer be in their possession due to their custodian's default. [6]
We know assets are rehypothecated 3-4 times on average, GameStop shares are scarce, banks are in trouble, stock loan volume is skyhigh, and the risks of rehypothecation are real. So it’s pretty clear that rehypothecation is happening generally with pretty darn good reason to expect GameStop’s Churn Chain is at least of non-zero length (i.e., GameStop stock is being rehypothecated).

Breaking The Chains

While some may like chains and being tied up, I’m not one of those apes. Especially as a Churn Chain waters down my shareholder rights and may make regaining possession of DSPP stock difficult in the event of a cascade of defaults, as warned by the OCC. (If you like chains, feel free to skip this section.)
As it turns out, we don’t need to know exactly how long the Churn Chain is for GameStop stock. Simply knowing a Churn Chain exists with non-zero length means there is a chain. Where there is a chain, it’s possible to break the chain. (Even if you don’t know how much health) your enemy has in a game, you still try to take your enemy out. Right?)
A churn chain that starts from ComputerShare holding DSPP shares in DTC for operational efficiency can easily be broken as “[a]n investor can, at any time, withdraw all or part of their shares in DSPP book-entry form and have them added to their DRS holding”. [ComputerShare] See also [7]. Quite possibly one of the easiest chains in the world to break as the Churn Chain is weak to DRS. Simply DRS the DSPP shares to take away the head of the chain and the rest of the chain falls apart. (And, DRS-ing "street name" shares cuts chains into pieces too!)
One side effect of breaking a Churn Chain is that all shares attributed to transactions in a broken chain (e.g., SFTs and short sells) need to be reallocated to other chains, effectively making other chains longer and increasing the risks from a default.
Analogy: Think of the shares as a deck of cards. If you deal 52 cards to 4 players (A, B, C and D), each player gets 13 cards. Each stack of 13 cards is basically a Churn Chain. But if you take out a stack by removing the bottom card from A and distribute the remaining 12 cards from A to B, C and D then B, C and D each now have 17 cards. If at any given time a card can cause a player to lose the game, it's better to have fewer cards than more. And, the players who get out early won't lose.
Any party in the Churn Chain who defaults will make it hard for the original owner to regain possession. Longer chains include more transactions and more parties so there’s more risk of default on longer chains than shorter chains. Thus we see another vicious cycle setup where incentives are aligned such that DSPP and beneficial shareholders may want to avoid the impending default and rehypothecation risk from their shares being held in DTC. In order to avoid the impending default and rehypothecation risks, shareholders are incentivized to Directly Register shares to ensure having both title and possession. (Shares held in “street name” have little or no protection from rehypothecation risk and simply registering shares in DSPP doesn’t guarantee possession [1].) As with the other vicious cycle, any remaining shareholders in DTC share a shrinking pie of diluted ownership so it is in their best interest to get out and DRS; thereby shrinking the diluted ownership pie even more which is more reason for remaining shareholders to get out. These vicious cycles will eventually leave few, if any, remaining shares at the DTC for beneficial shareholders. Nobody knows what will happen if this ♾️🏊 happens.

Footnotes

[1] If you haven’t already, please read the prerequisite DD in this WalkThrough Series to understand how ownership of property is separated into two concepts: title and possession. [See, e.g., StackExchange] Understanding the differences between title and possession are particularly important here where it’s worth being extra careful identifying how an entity is in control of an asset.
  1. DSPP is technically different from DRS [WalkThrough] (1/n)
  2. Definitely DIFFERENT "DRS Counts" [WalkThrough] (2/n)
[2] Dividends have been heavily discussed on SuperStonk with many DD posts, including for OverStock and the precedent OverStock set which would have allowed GameStop to issue their own crypto dividend, possibly as an NFT.
[3] Footnote 16 of the Fed Note itemizes various classes of non-Treasury collateral which includes equity which, per Investopedia, is a synonym for stocks.
[4] While short selling is pretty well known, Security Financing Transactions (SFTs) may be more obscure despite discussion of them in the past so here’s some historical SuperStonk links for you (where you may notice some well known OG DD apes):
[5] Simply search SuperStonk for share lending. Don’t make me Google That For You.
[6] https://www.investopedia.com/ REMOVE_FOR_AUTOMOD terms/r REMOVE_FOR_AUTOMOD /rehypothecation.asp
[7] Withdrawing whole DSPP shares into DRS seems to make a lot of sense as doing so guarantees possession. Selling fractionals, less so. If you intend to keep buying, I would think adding to the fractionals to later withdraw whole shares makes more sense. As for the concern about fractionals tainting the whole account, I’ll cover that in another post. For now, you do you.
submitted by WhatCanIMakeToday to Superstonk [link] [comments]


2024.05.14 16:36 123projectlab ER Diagram for Visa Application Processing System-123projectlab.com

ER Diagram for Visa Application Processing System-123projectlab.com
ER Diagram for visa application processing system shows the relationship of entities that build its database design. ER diagram describes the logical structure of the database. This is an important diagram in the data modeling process.
ER Diagram for Visa Application Processing System-123projectlab.com

Entities and Attributes of Visa Application Processing System

  • User: User_id, User_name, User_address, User_contact
  • Visa Application: Appl_id, Visa_country, User_pasport_no, Visa_duration, Visa_type
  • Visa Web Portal: Web_address, No_of_registered_user
  • Admin: User_id, Admin_name, Contact_no
  • Executive: Exe_id, Exe_name, Exe_address, Exe_contact_no
  • Visa Renewal Application: Appl_ref_no, Renewal_date_from, Renewal_date_to
submitted by 123projectlab to u/123projectlab [link] [comments]


2024.05.14 13:15 johnchristeen Trimellitic Anhydride Production Cost Processes with Cost Analysis Unveiled in Latest Report

In the fast-evolving chemical industry landscape, comprehensive insights into production costs and processes are crucial for informed decision-making. Today, a leading provider of industry intelligence, announces the release of its latest report: "Trimellitic Anhydride Production Cost Analysis Report." This meticulously crafted analysis offers in-depth scrutiny of production cost processes, providing stakeholders with invaluable insights into the Trimellitic Anhydride market.
Request for Free Sample: https://www.procurementresource.com/production-cost-report-store/trimellitic-anhydride/request-sample
Trimellitic Anhydride is a crucial chemical compound used in various industries, including plastics, coatings, and pharmaceuticals. Understanding its production cost dynamics is imperative for businesses seeking to optimize operations and enhance profitability. Our report delves into every facet of Trimellitic Anhydride production, offering a comprehensive analysis that empowers decision-makers to navigate this complex market landscape with confidence.

Procurement Resource Assessment of Trimellitic Anhydride Production Process

Procurement resource assessment forms the cornerstone of our analysis. We meticulously evaluate the resources required for Trimellitic Anhydride production, ranging from raw materials to equipment and labor. By assessing these procurement resources, our report provides a holistic view of the production process, enabling stakeholders to identify potential bottlenecks and opportunities for optimization.

Product Definition

In defining the product, our report elucidates the various grades and specifications of Trimellitic Anhydride available in the market. Understanding the nuances of product quality and specifications is vital for businesses aiming to meet the diverse needs of their clientele. Whether it's high-purity Trimellitic Anhydride for pharmaceutical applications or industrial-grade variants for manufacturing, our report offers clarity on product definitions to aid strategic decision-making.

Market Drivers

An insightful analysis of market drivers forms an integral part of our report. We identify and dissect the factors driving the demand for Trimellitic Anhydride, including its diverse applications across industries, technological advancements, and regulatory landscapes. By understanding these market drivers, stakeholders can anticipate market trends, mitigate risks, and capitalize on emerging opportunities.

Raw Materials Requirements

Raw materials are the lifeblood of any production process, and our report provides a detailed breakdown of the raw materials required for Trimellitic Anhydride production. From precursors such as trimellitic acid to catalysts and solvents, we analyze the availability, pricing dynamics, and sourcing strategies for these critical inputs. By gaining insights into raw materials requirements, businesses can optimize procurement strategies and enhance supply chain resilience.

Costs and Key Process Information

Central to our report is a comprehensive cost analysis of Trimellitic Anhydride production processes. We meticulously examine production costs, including capital expenditures, operating expenses, and overhead costs, to provide stakeholders with a clear understanding of cost structures and profitability drivers. Additionally, we highlight key process information, such as reaction kinetics, process flow diagrams, and energy consumption profiles, to offer actionable insights for process optimization and efficiency enhancement.

Looking for an exhaustive and personalized report that could significantly substantiate your business

In an increasingly competitive business environment, access to reliable market intelligence is paramount. Our "Trimellitic Anhydride Production Cost Analysis Report" goes beyond generic market assessments, offering a tailored and exhaustive analysis that aligns with your business objectives. Whether you're a manufacturer seeking to streamline production processes or a distributor aiming to identify untapped market segments, our report provides the insights you need to make informed decisions and drive sustainable growth.
For businesses looking to gain a competitive edge in the Trimellitic Anhydride market, our report is an indispensable resource that delivers actionable insights and strategic recommendations. Contact us today to access the full report and unlock the potential of your business.

Contact Us:

Company Name: Procurement Resource Contact Person: Christeen Johnson Email: [sales@procurementresource.com](mailto:sales@procurementresource.com) Toll-Free Number: USA & Canada – Phone no: +1 307 363 1045 UK – Phone no: +44 7537 132103 Asia-Pacific (APAC) – Phone no: +91 1203185500 Address: 30 North Gould Street, Sheridan, WY 82801, USA
submitted by johnchristeen to u/johnchristeen [link] [comments]


2024.05.13 14:35 jaskier121 Graduated from CIS Dec 2023. Trying to land the first job related to the major

submitted by jaskier121 to resumes [link] [comments]


2024.05.12 16:27 saocv THE 18 CHAPTERS OF THE KENYAN CONSTITUTION

THE 18 CHAPTERS OF THE KENYAN CONSTITUTION
The Kenyan Constitution, which is the highest law in Kenya, comprises eighteen chapters that outline its framework. It was enacted in August 2010, superseding the 1963 independence constitution. This Constitution has significantly transformed Kenyan governance by prioritizing citizens in the decision-making process and highlighting the devolution of power to local levels. Constitution of Kenya 2010 all Chapters
THE-CONSTITUTION-OF-KENYA-2010Download

The Chapters Of The Kenyan Constitution

The eighteen chapters of the Kenyan Constitution are as follows:
  1. Preamble
  2. Chapter One – Sovereignty of the People and Supremacy of this Constitution
  3. Chapter Two – The Republic
  4. Chapter Three – Citizenship
  5. Chapter Four – The Bill of Rights
  6. Chapter Five – Land and Environment
  7. Chapter Six – Leadership and Integrity
  8. Chapter Seven – Representation of the People
  9. Chapter Eight – The Legislature
  10. Chapter Nine – The Executive
  11. Chapter Ten – Judiciary
  12. Chapter Eleven – Devolved Government
  13. Chapter Twelve – Public Finance
  14. Chapter Thirteen – The Public Service
  15. Chapter Fourteen – National Security
  16. Chapter Fifteen – Commissions and Independent Offices
  17. Chapter Sixteen – Amendment of this Constitution
  18. Chapter Seventeen – General Provisions
  19. Chapter Eighteen – Transitional and Consequential Provisions
  20. Schedules – Schedules

What do the chapters of the Kenyan Constitution contain in terms of articles?

1. Chapter One – Sovereignty Of The People And Supremacy Of This Constitution

This chapter of the Constitution comprises of the following articles:
  • Article 1. Sovereignty of the people
  • Article 2. Supremacy of this Constitution
  • Article 3. Defence of this Constitution

2. Chapter Two – The Republic

This chapter of the Constitution comprises of the following articles:
  • Advertisement -
  • Article 4. Declaration of the Republic
  • Article 5 Territory of Kenya
  • Article 6. Devolution and access to services
  • Article 7 National, official and other languages
  • Article 8 State and religion
  • Article 9 National symbols and national days
  • Article 10. National values and principles of governance
  • Article 11. Culture

3. Chapter Three – Citizenship

This chapter of the Constitution comprises of the following articles:
  • Article 12. Entitlements of citizens
  • Article 13. Retention and acquisition of citizenship
  • Article 14. Citizenship by birth
  • Article 15. Citizenship by registration
  • Article 16. Dual citizenship
  • Article 17. Revocation of citizenship
  • Article 18. Legislation on citizenship

4. Chapter Four – The Bill Of Rights

This chapter of the Constitution comprises of the following articles:
  • Advertisement -
  • Part 1. General provisions relating to the Bill of Rights
    • Article 19. Rights and fundamental freedoms
    • Article 20. Application of Bill of Rights
    • Article 21. Implementation of rights and fundamental freedoms
    • Article 22. Enforcement of Bill of Rights
    • Article 23. Authority of courts to uphold and enforce the Bill of Rights
    • Article 24. Limitation of rights and fundamental freedoms
    • Article 25. Fundamental Rights and freedoms that may not be limited
  • Part 2. Rights and fundamental freedoms
    • Article 26. Right to life
    • Article 27. Equality and freedom from discrimination
    • Article 28. Human dignity
    • Article 29. Freedom and security of the person
    • Article 30. Slavery, servitude and forced labour
    • Article 31. Privacy
    • Article 32. Freedom of conscience, religion, belief and opinion
    • Article 33. Freedom of expression
    • Article 34. Freedom of the media
    • Article 35. Access to information
    • Article 36. Freedom of association
    • Article 37. Assembly, demonstration, picketing and petition
    • Article 38. Political rights
    • Article 39. Freedom of movement and residence
    • Article 40. Protection of right to property
    • Article 41. Labour relations
    • Article 42. Environment
    • Article 43. Economic and social rights
    • Article 44. Language and culture
    • Article 45. Family
    • Article 46. Consumer rights
    • Article 47. Fair administrative action
    • Article 48. Access to justice
    • Article 49. Rights of arrested persons
    • Article 50. Fair hearing
    • Article 51. Rights of persons detained, held in custody or imprisoned
  • Part 3. Specific application of rights
    • Article 52. Interpretation of this Part
    • Article 53. Children
    • Article 54. Persons with disabilities
    • Article 55. Youth
    • Article 56. Minorities and marginalised groups
    • Article 57. Older members of society
  • Part 4. State of emergency
    • Article 58. State of emergency
  • Part 5. Kenya National Human Rights and Equality Commission
    • Article 59. Kenya National Human Rights and Equality Commission

5. Chapter Five – Land And Environment

This chapter of the Constitution comprises of the following articles:
  • Part 1. Land
    • Article 60. Principles of land policy
    • Article 61. Classification of land
    • Article 62. Public land
    • Article 63. Community land
    • Article 64. Private land
    • Article 65. Landholding by non-citizens
    • Article 66. Regulation of land use and property
    • Article 67. National Land Commission
    • Article 68. Legislation on land
  • Part 2. Environment and natural resources
    • Article 69. Obligations in respect of the environment
    • Article 70. Enforcement of environmental rights
    • Article 71. Agreements relating to natural resources
    • Article 72. Legislation relating to the environment

6. Chapter Six – Leadership And Integrity

This chapter of the Constitution comprises of the following articles:
  • Article 73. Responsibilities of leadership
  • Article 74. Oath of office of State officers
  • Article 75. Conduct of State officers
  • Article 76. Financial probity of State officers
  • Article 77. Restriction on activities of State officers
  • Article 78. Citizenship and leadership
  • Article 79. Legislation to establish the ethics and anti-corruption commission
  • Article 80. Legislation on leadership

7. Chapter Seven: Leadership And Integrity

This chapter of the Constitution comprises the following articles:
  • Part 1. Electoral system and process
    • Article 81. General principles for the electoral system
    • Article 82: Legislation on elections
    • Article 83: Registration as a voter
    • Article 84: Candidates for election and political parties to comply with code of conduct
    • Article 85. Eligibility to stand as an independent candidate
    • Article 86: Voting
    • Article 87. Electoral disputes
  • Part 2. Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission and delimitation of electoral units
    • Article 88. Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission
    • Article 89. Delimitation of electoral units
    • Article 90. Allocation of party list seats
  • Part 3. Political Parties
    • Article 91: Basic requirements for political parties
    • Article 92: Legislation on political parties

8. Chapter Eight: The Legislature

This chapter of the Constitution comprises the following articles:
  • Part 1: Establishment and Role of Parliament
    • Article 93. Establishment of Parliament
    • Article 94. Role of Parliament
    • Article 95: Role of the National Assembly
    • Article 96. Role of the Senate
  • Part 2. Composition and membership of Parliament
    • Article 97: Membership of the National Assembly
    • Article 98. Membership of the Senate
    • Article 99. Qualifications and disqualifications for election as member of Parliament
    • Article 100: Promotion of representation of marginalised groups
    • Article 101: Election of members of Parliament
    • Article 102. Term of Parliament
    • Article 103: Vacation of office of member of Parliament
    • Article 104. Right of recall
    • Article 105: Determination of questions of membership
  • Part 3. Offices of Parliament
    • Article 106: Speakers and Deputy Speakers of Parliament
    • Article 107: Presiding in Parliament
    • Article 108. Party leaders (see the party leaders in the Senate and the National Assembly)
  • Part 4. Procedures for enacting legislation
    • Article 109: Exercise of legislative powers
    • Article 110. Bills concerning county government
    • Article 111: Special Bills concerning county governments
    • Article 112. Ordinary Bills concerning county governments
    • Article 113: Mediation committees
    • Article 114: Money Bills
    • Article 115. Presidential assent and referral
    • Article 116: Coming into force of laws
  • Part 5. Parliament’s general procedures and rules
    • Article 117: Powers, privileges and immunities
    • Article 118: Public access and participation
    • Article 119. Right to petition Parliament
    • Article 120. Official languages of Parliament
    • Article 121. Quorum
    • Article 122: Voting in Parliament
    • Article 123. Decisions of Senate
    • Article 124. Committees and Standing Orders
    • Article 125. Power to call for evidence
  • Part 6. Miscellaneous
    • Article 126: Location of sittings of Parliament
    • Article 127. Parliamentary Service Commission
    • Article 128. Clerks and staff of Parliament

9. Chapter Nine: The Executive

This chapter of the Constitution comprises the following articles:
  • Part 1. Principles and Structure of the National Executive
    • Article 129: Principles of executive authority
    • Article 130: The National Executive
  • Part 2. The President and Deputy President
    • Article 131: Authority of the President
    • Article 132: Functions of the President
    • Article 133: Power of mercy
    • Article 134: Exercise of presidential powers during temporary incumbency
    • Article 135. Decisions of the President
    • Article 136: Election of the President
    • Article 137: Qualifications and disqualifications for election as President
    • Article 138. Procedure at the Presidential Election
    • Article 139: Death before assuming office
    • Article 140: Questions as to validity of presidential election
    • Article 141: Assumption of office of President
    • Article 142: Term of office of President
    • Article 143: Protection from legal proceedings
    • Article 144: Removal of President on grounds of incapacity
    • Article 145: Removal of President by impeachment
    • Article 146: Vacancy in the office of President
    • Article 147. Functions of the Deputy President
    • Article 148: Election and swearing-in of Deputy President
    • Article 149: Vacancy in the office of Deputy President
    • Article 150: Removal of Deputy President
    • Article 151: Remuneration and benefits of President and Deputy President
  • Part 3. The Cabinet
    • Article 152. Cabinet
    • Article 153: Decisions, responsibility and accountability of the Cabinet
    • Article 154. Secretary to the Cabinet
    • Article 155: Principal Secretaries
  • Part 4. Other offices
    • Article 156. Attorney-General
    • Article 157: Director of Public Prosecutions
    • Article 158: Removal and resignation of Director of Public Prosecutions

10. Chapter Ten: Judiciary

This chapter of the Constitution comprises the following articles:
  • Part 1. Judicial authority and legal system
    • Article 159: Judicial Authority
    • Article 160: Independence of the Judiciary
    • Article 161. Judicial offices and officers
    • Article 162. System of courts
  • Part 2. Superior Courts
    • Article 163. Supreme Court
    • Article 164. Court of Appeal
    • Article 165, High Court
    • Article 166: Appointment of Chief Justice, Deputy Chief Justice and other judges
    • Article 167. Tenure of office of the Chief Justice and other judges
    • Article 168: Removal from office
  • Part 3. Subordinate courts
    • Article 169: Subordinate courts
    • Article 170: Kadhis’ Courts
  • Part 4: Judicial Service Commission
    • Article 171. Establishment of the Judicial Service Commission
    • Article 172. Functions of the Judicial Service Commission
    • Article 173. Judiciary Fund

11. Chapter Eleven: Devolved Government

This chapter of the Constitution comprises the following articles:
  • Part 1. Objects and principles of devolved government
    • Article 174: Objects of devolution
    • Article 175. Principles of devolved government
  • Part 2. County governments
    • Article 176: County governments
    • Article 177: Membership of the County Assembly
    • Article 178: Speaker of a county assembly
    • Article 179. County executive committees
    • Article 180: Election of county governor and deputy county governor
    • Article 181. Removal of a county governor
    • Article 182. Vacancy in the office of county governor
    • Article 183: Functions of county executive committees
    • Article 184: Urban areas and cities
    • Article 185: Legislative authority of county assemblies
  • Part 3. Functions and powers of county governments
    • Article 186: Respective functions and powers of national and county governments
    • Article 187: Transfer of Functions and powers between levels of government
  • Part 4. The boundaries of counties
    • Article 188: Boundaries of counties
  • Part 5. Relationships between governments
    • Article 189: Cooperation between national and county governments
    • Article 190: Support for county governments
    • Article 191. Conflict of laws
  • Part 6. Suspension of county governments
    • Article 192: Suspension of a county government
  • Part 7. General
    • Article 193. Qualifications for election as member of county assembly
    • Article 194. Vacation of office of member of county assembly
    • Article 195. County assembly power to summon witnesses
    • Article 196: Public participation and county assembly powers, privileges and immunities
    • Article 197. County assembly gender balance and diversity
    • Article 198: County government during transition
    • Article 199: Publication of county legislation
    • Article 200. Legislation on Chapter

12. Chapter Twelve: Public Finance

This chapter of the Constitution comprises the following articles:
  • Part 1: Principles and framework of public finance
    • Article 201. Principles of public finance
    • Article 202: Equitable sharing of national revenue
    • Article 203. Equitable share and other financial laws
    • Article 204. Equalization Fund
    • Article 205. Consultation on financial legislation affecting counties
  • Part 2. Other public funds
    • Article 206: Consolidated Fund and other public funds
    • Article 207: Revenue Funds for county governments
    • Article 208. Contingencies Fund
  • Part 3. Revenue-raising powers and the public debt
    • Article 209. Power to impose taxes and charges
    • Article 210. Imposition of tax
    • Article 211: Borrowing by the National Government
    • Article 212: Borrowing by counties
    • Article 213. Loan guarantees by national government
    • Article 214: Public debt
  • Part 4. Revenue allocation
    • Article 215. Commission on Revenue Allocation
    • Article 216. Functions of the Commission on Revenue Allocation
    • Article 217. Division of revenue
    • Article 218. Annual Division and Allocation of Revenue Bills
    • Article 219. Transfer of equitable share
  • Part 5: Budgets and spending
    • Article 220. Form, content and timing of budgets
    • Article 221. Budget estimates and annual Appropriation Bill
    • Article 222: Expenditure before annual budget is passed
    • Article 223. Supplementary appropriation
    • Article 224. County appropriation Bills
  • Part 6. Control of public money
    • Article 225: Financial control
    • Article 226. Accounts and audit of public entities
    • Article 227. Procurement of public goods and services
  • Part 7. Financial officers and institutions
    • Article 228. Controller of Budget
    • Article 229. Auditor-General
    • Article 230. Salaries and Remuneration Commission
    • Article 231. Central Bank of Kenya

13. Chapter Thirteen: The Public Service

This chapter of the Constitution comprises of the following articles:
  • Part 1. Values and principles of public service
    • Article 232. Values and principles of public service
  • Part 2. The Public Service Commission
    • Article 233. The Public Service Commission
    • Article 234. Functions and powers of the Public Service Commission
    • Article 235. Staffing of county governments
    • Article 236: Protection of public officers
  • Part 3. Teachers Service Commission
    • Article 237. Teachers Service Commission

14. Chapter Fourteen – National Security

This chapter of the Constitution comprises the following articles:
  • Part 1. National Security Organs
    • Article 238. Principles of national security
    • Article 239. National security organs
    • Article 240: Establishment of the National Security Council
  • Part 2. The Kenya Defence Forces
    • Article 241. Establishment of Defence Forces and Defence Council
  • Part 3. The National Intelligence Service
    • Article 242. Establishment of National Intelligence Service
  • Part 4. The National Police Service
    • Article 243. Establishment of the National Police Service
    • Article 244. Objects and functions of the National Police Service
    • Article 245. Command of the National Police Service
    • Article 246. National Police Service Commission
    • Article 247. Other police services

15. Chapter Fifteen – Commissions And Independent Offices

This chapter of the Constitution comprises the following articles:
  • Article 248. Application of Chapter
  • Article 249. Objects, authority and funding of commissions and independent offices
  • Article 250. Composition, appointment and terms of office
  • Article 251. Removal from office
  • Article 252. General functions and powers
  • Article 253. Incorporation of commissions and independent offices
  • Article 254. Reporting by commissions and independent offices

16. Chapter Sixteen: Amendment Of This Constitution

This chapter of the Constitution comprises of the following articles:
  • Article 255. Amendment of this Constitution
  • Article 256. Amendment by parliamentary initiative
  • Article 257. Amendment by popular initiative

17. Chapter Seventeen – General Provisions

This chapter of the Constitution comprises of the following articles:
  • Article 258. Enforcement of this Constitution
  • Article 259. Constructing this Constitution
  • Article 260. Interpretation

18. Chapter Eighteen – Transitional And Consequential Provisions

This chapter of the Constitution comprises of the following articles:
  • Article 261. Consequential legislation
  • Article 262. Transitional and consequential provisions
  • Article 263. Effective Date
  • Article 264. Repeal of previous constitution

Other Areas Of The Constitution

  • Preamble
  • Schedules
    • First Schedule – Counties
    • Second Schedule. National symbols
    • Third Schedule. National Oaths and affirmations
    • Fourth Schedule. Distribution of functions between National and the county governments
    • Fifth Schedule. Legislation to be enacted by Parliament
    • Sixth Schedule. Transitional and consequential provisions
Thus, there are eighteen chapters in the Constitution of Kenya and 264 articles, alongside the Preamble and the Schedules.
Constitution of Kenya 2010 all Chapters The Kenyan Constitution, which is the highest law in Kenya, comprises eighteen chapters that outline its framework. It was enacted in August 2010, superseding the 1963 independence constitution. This Constitution has significantly transformed Kenyan governance by prioritizing citizens in the decision-making process and highlighting the devolution of power to local levels. Constitution of Kenya 2010 all Chapters
THE-CONSTITUTION-OF-KENYA-2010
Download

The Chapters Of The Kenyan Constitution

The eighteen chapters of the Kenyan Constitution are as follows:
  1. Preamble
  2. Chapter One – Sovereignty of the People and Supremacy of this Constitution
  3. Chapter Two – The Republic
  4. Chapter Three – Citizenship
  5. Chapter Four – The Bill of Rights
  6. Chapter Five – Land and Environment
  7. Chapter Six – Leadership and Integrity
  8. Chapter Seven – Representation of the People
  9. Chapter Eight – The Legislature
  10. Chapter Nine – The Executive
  11. Chapter Ten – Judiciary
  12. Chapter Eleven – Devolved Government
  13. Chapter Twelve – Public Finance
  14. Chapter Thirteen – The Public Service
  15. Chapter Fourteen – National Security
  16. Chapter Fifteen – Commissions and Independent Offices
  17. Chapter Sixteen – Amendment of this Constitution
  18. Chapter Seventeen – General Provisions
  19. Chapter Eighteen – Transitional and Consequential Provisions
  20. Schedules – Schedules

What do the chapters of the Kenyan Constitution contain in terms of articles?

https://preview.redd.it/x3rw349q900d1.png?width=820&format=png&auto=webp&s=8b01b231525309e453bbf303050141b9b256fa99

1. Chapter One – Sovereignty Of The People And Supremacy Of This Constitution

This chapter of the Constitution comprises of the following articles:
  • Article 1. Sovereignty of the people
  • Article 2. Supremacy of this Constitution
  • Article 3. Defence of this Constitution

2. Chapter Two – The Republic

This chapter of the Constitution comprises of the following articles:
Source: Nyongesa Sande
submitted by saocv to u/saocv [link] [comments]


2024.05.12 06:32 KryptKrasherHS Umbara Winterbloom, the Aspect of Nature - May 2024 Contest Submission

Introduction:

Hi everybody. Its me again. Now that Finals are over for me, I am able to participate a bit more for the next couple of months now. And a good thing too, because i really wanted to participate in this month's competition. Specifically, I latched onto the "No/Unique Ultimate" prompt, as I built an Udyr-esque champion about 2 years ago (Side Note: Damn, that was 2 years ago?? I was just starting college and now I am halfway through my degree. Man, time flies!), and it fit this prompt perfectly. This is the link to the original post, as I will be tweaking a lot of things, given how Items and Runes have changed significantly since then. and I will have tuned and tweaked some numbers as well.
To summarize from the Introduction in the other post, Umbara is designed as a Specialist, Auto-Attack based Jungler from Ixtal. The main gimmick is that, just like Udyr, she has no Ultimate instead she has 4 Basic Abilities. The kicker is that she has access to only 2 of said Abilities plus a Unique passive at any given time, and she transforms to get the other abilities and passive. This is probably the most mechanically intensive champion that I have ever created, and I am really proud of it, so I am re-submitting it here.P

Abilities:

Passive: Bloom of Life
Umbara is the Aspect of Nature, allowing her to use the Magic of the 4 seasons, allowing her Basic Attacks to scale with 100% AP instead of 100% AD. Additionally, she changes form based upon the current season, gaining a unique Passive and access to two abilities
Spring Form: Umbara gains a Stack of Wild Growth for every second in combat with Enemies, Minions and Monsters, up to a max of 5. Each Stack grants her 8% Attack Speed, and 6% Lifesteal and Spellvamp.
Summer Form: Enemies and Monsters gain a Stack of Wildfire every second in combat with Umbara, up to a max of 3 Stacks. Enemies take 5% Bonus Magic Damage for every Stack of Wildfire. When fully Stacked, each Stack of Wildfire deals True Damage instead of Magic Damage
Autumn Form: Umbara gains a Stack of Bleak Decay for Every Second in Combat with Enemies and Monsters, up to a max of 5. Her Basic Attacks and Abilities benefit from 7 Magic Penetration for Every Stack of Bleak Decay.
Winter Form: Enemies gain a Stack of Frostbite every second in combat with Umbara, up to a max of 3 Stacks. Enemies are slowed by 20% for every Stack of Frostbite they have. When fully Stacked, Umbara's next instance of Damage on an enemy will consume all Stacks, and stun them for 1 second.
Umbara will always start off in her Spring Form at the beginning of the game, and keeps her current form upon death. Every 90 Seconds, or after a Takedown, while out of combat, she will transform into the next form, in the order listed above. Every 180 Seconds, she will gain a Stack of Primordial Evolution, up to a max of 3 Stacks. She can spend 1 Stack to go to her next Form in the list, after which she has to wait 15 seconds before she can use a Stack of Primordial Evolution again.
Additionally, Umbara has no Ultimate Ability, instead she has a 4rth Basic Ability. She can only use 2 Abilities, her Primary and Secondary, per form. Her Primary Ability corresponds to her current form, and her Secondary Ability corresponds to her Previous Form:
Spring Form:
Primary: Vernal Dawn
Secondary: Steel Sleet Slash
Summer Form:
Primary: Devastating Drought
Secondary: Vernal Dawn
Autumnal Form:
Primary: Autumnal Awakening
Secondary: Devastating Drought
Winter Form:
Primary: Steel Sleet Slash
Secondary: Autumnal Awakening
The Cooldown of Each Ability depends on whether it it the Primary or Secondary Ability. Primary Abilities have a Cooldown of 8 Seconds, and Secondary Abilities have a Cooldown of 13 Seconds. She has access to all her abilities at Level 1, but they can only be leveled up 4 times instead of 5. Additionally, Cooldown Reduction affects the Primary and Secondary Abilities equally, however Ultimate Cooldown Reduction will instead reduce the time it takes to gain a stack of Primordial Evolution.
Q: Vernal Dawn
Passive: Umbara stores all Damage Taken while in Combat with Enemies, Monsters and Minions.
Active: Umbara calls upon the Power of Spring and gain a Shield equal to (100 + 0.055% Bonus Health)% of the Damage Stored for 3 Seconds, and Heal for 30/40/50/50/70% of the Shield's Value over 3 seconds as well. While she is Healing, or Shielded, she does not Store any Damage
W: Devastating Drought
Active: Umbara conjures up a Magical Flame and Blasts the area in front of her in the shape of a cone, dealing 140-60% Total AP + 10/15/20/25/30% Target Max Health Magic Damage, and reducing 40%-10% of all Enemies' and Monsters' Magic Resistance, who are still in the cone, depending on their distance from Umbara, for the next 8 seconds. Leveling up this ability increases the width and length of the cone
E: Autumnal Awakening
Passive: Enemies and Monsters damaged by Umbara gain a Stack of Wild Toxin for 8 Seconds, stacking up to 5. Affected Enemies have 20% Grievous Wounds for Every Stack of Wild Toxin
Active: Umbara Ignites all Stacks of Wild Toxin into Spirit Fire, consuming all Stacks that exist, and Dealing 50/65/80/85/110 + 2/3.5/5/6.5/8% Target Missing Health Magic Damage per Stack consumed to all Enemies who where affected by Stacks of Autumnal Toxin.
R: Steel Sleet Slashes
Active: Umbara empowers herself with Snow Magic, giving her Basic Attacks and Abilities 75 + 30% Bonus AP On-Hit Physical Damage for the next 5 Seconds. She can recast this Ability within those 5 seconds.
Recast: Umbara dashes to a nearby Enemy or Monster, and rapidly striked them 3 times. Each strike counts as a Basic Attack and applies On-Hit Effects. Additionally, each strike ignores 5% of the Target's Armor, stacking on top of the previous amount of Armor ignored. Leveling up this ability makes her strike the target an additional time. This abilities animation and speed is reduced by Attack Speed
If the target enemy moves out of range of this ability, it will pause for 3 seconds, during which is the enemy comes into range, this ability will resume. If they do not come into range within those 3 seconds, then this ability will go onto cool down immediately.

Lore:

Umbara was born Millennia ago to a family of Nomads. They where camped at the edge of Shuriman Desert and the Ixtali Jungles. While this was happening, a terrible Winter Storm was paving its way through the continents, the like of which have never before been seen again. Snow fell meters at a time, sleet rained like blades from the sky, and the temperatures dropped to below freezing, even in what was supposed to be the warmest portion of the day. Yet when she was born, the storm started to cease. In front of their eyes, the snow and sleet stopped falling, the temperature started to rise,a and the clouds dissipated. And where Umbara touched the ground for the first time, a beautiful flower bloomed, one that no one had ever seen before. Thus her surname became, "Winterbloom".
Even as a child, Umbara had a close relationship with Nature. Whenever she was angry and threw a tantrum, the clouds immediately disappeared, plants withered and died, and the heat increased to near lethal heights and when she was sad, sleet and hail would drop from the sky, and feet of snow would start falling as well. Whenever she became happy and joyful, the spring rains would fall, and the jungles around them bloomed like nothing else, and when she was melancholy or nostalgic, the autumnal season came. In her early years she had no control over her emotions, and thus the seasons ran wild, yet as she grew up she cut herself completely off from her emotions. This was a strange power, with the ability to produce devastating consequences. She knew that it was her responsibility to bear, and she willed that it would never be used again by her.
Everything changed when more humans came. Her parents and their group, once nomadic, had settled into a small village on the edge of the border of Shurima and Ixtal. Ixtal had always been eyed by Shurima for its vast forests and rich resources, and now the culling had arrived. Hundreds of Thousands of Sand Soldiers poured into the Jungles, razing nature and people alike. The Ascendants lead the charge, and powered by the might of the Sun Disk, they left a trail of pure devastation in their wake. Umbara was the first village to fall, being right at the border, though not without a fight. The Ascendants where not yet in command of the Soldiers, and in their uncontrolled destruction they awoke a terrible beast. By this point Umbara was alone in this world, her family having been carried off by a plague years earlier, yet even still she felt no emotions. Instead she dedicated her life to preserving and serving the nature around her, finding a deep beauty to it, and trying to find out anything about her powers. It was as if Nature itself called out to her. When the soldiers came, she and the others in her small Hunter-Gatherer village fought well, but where defeated. Most where killed or taken prisoner, doomed to be slaves for the rest of their life.
Yet when they came for her, Nature itself unleashed its wrath. She was not in control of her body anymore, instead the Aspect itself had taken control. Her eyes glowed a bright neon green, and a green aura surrounded her. Up until now it had been content to let the world be, and Umbara to lock away her gifts with it, but now it was time to stop the defilers in their tracks. Dark Clouds churned overhead, appearing almost instantaneously. From them a rain of sleet and hail fell, arriving with devastating force. The temperature spiked rapidly, creating forest fires so hot, Soldiers burned inside thier armor near instantly. All the creatures that the Shuriman soldiers where using on their crusade, all the horses, oxen, even the creatures within the jungles that the Soldiers hunted for food died, their flesh turning acidic and toxic. The Vanguard of the invasion was utterly decimated beneath this reign of chaos.
In an entire day, the Aspect halted the entire invasion, yet when the Ascendants came it was different. Up until this point the Aspect had taken control of Umbara's Body and utilized the gifts it had given her at Birth to enact its vengeance, suppressing Umbara's conscious up till now. But Umbara was stronger than the Aspect had expected. When the Ascendants came, Umbara had suppressed the Aspect once and for all. She was horrified at the destruction she had caused by being so weak to let her power take over her, and once again forsook the Aspect's gift, repressing the Aspect itself nearly entirely. THe Ascendants easily found and captured her.
She let herself be captured, let herself be sold into slavery, let herself take the brutal punishments of her master, all as repentance for her mistake. Through all of this, she still suppressed her emotions and powers, though not nearly as well as she had thought. The Aspect could have taken over her body at any point, yet it was curious. Never before was it heard of that a mortal had resisted the power of an entire Aspect, and the Aspect wondered if it had finally found the perfect host. It had already given Umbara many gifts when she was born, yet she controlled them, and sacrificed an entire part of her personality to keep them under control. She had even devoted herself to Nature entirely as a way to understand her gifts even further. It watched for years as Shurima grew stronger, and Ixtal became a vassel state. It watched for years over Umbara, as she endured multitudes of pain, agony and hard labor as a penance.
The Aspect eventually devised a test for Umbara. One night, after a particularly harsh lesson from the Master, as Umbara slept, it gave her access to all of its' powers. It didnt take over her body this time, but the Aspect's powers where temporarily hers. it wanted to see what would be done with it. Would she waste them pettily by killing her master, escaping and then getting caught back again? Or would she demonstrate the same restrain she had earlier? The latter outcome came true in the end. Umbara felt a change within her that night, an increase in power, similar to what she felt when she stopped the Shurimans, yet without the extra-worldly force controlling her. She had vowed to never use it herself, and still kept this vow, but at the same time, she knew that it was within her, and it scared her deeply, fearing still a loss of control. For another set of years, she endured her self-punishment, feeling that no amount of it could redeem her self, and even through the multiple sales to different masters, even under the pain of the whip, even under the threat of death working amongst other slaves, she kept it to herself. Umbara was captured when she was a teenager at the age of 16, and now she was 27. She had kept her powers under control for so long, and quite impressively that the Aspect was satisfied.
It sent the the Aspect of Twilight to bring her to the peak of Mount Targon. It took many weeks, but the Aspect of Twilight, in its host, found Umbara. She tried to buy Umbara from her master, but he was having none of it, being a very suspicious and jaded person. Shurima had long finished its conquest of Ixtal, and thus good slaves where hard to come by. The Aspect of Twilight was having none of it. Diplomacy having failed, it secretly freed Umbara in the middle of the night. They started their journey back to Targon. Along the way she fed hydrated the malnourished Umbara, and explained all about the Aspects, the different one, their powers, responsibilities, and that she was destined to become the Host to the Aspect of Nature. Umbara herself did not believe any of this at first, and eventually when she did, she rejected the offer of the Aspects. Guilt and horror still overcame her, even 11 years later. She oft woke up screaming at night, as she dreamed of the destruction her body had caused, and only being able to watch it. She escaped multiple times, and attempted to again sell herself into the Shuriman work horse, yet every time she did, the Aspect of Twilight bought her back. Once they crossed over into Targon, Umbara gave up on escaping, as this was a wholly foreign land, and instead tried to end herself multiple times, yet she threw herself off a cliff, a portal would appear and dump her back on the path. Eventually they reached the peak of Mount Targon, and the Aspect of Nature itself spoke to her.
It told her many a things. It admitted to giving her gift at birth, it praised her for her sacrifice to control these gifts, it admitted to taking over her body to defeat the Shuriman Army, it recognized her conviction to her word, even after many years of abuse. It spoke many more things, yet Umbara was in shock. A Divine entity, hitherto she had never even heard of was speaking to her, and telling her how her life had been shaped for this very moment. She then felt once more, a feeling of Guilt, but this time it was mixed with a sense of Duty. She contemplated her life thus far, wondered if this was what she was meant to do in life? She remembered when she first suppressed her emotions, and in extension her powers, when her family died of a plague and she felt nothing for fear of unleashing it all, she remembered all the years of study and introspection in the Wilds of Ixtal, as she sought to understand what where these powers, and why she of all people had them. The Aspect's final words before its offer, was praising her for her restraint and her sense of duty. Nature itself was a benevolent being, yet when triggered it was a force not to be toyed with, and Umbara displayed all these qualities.
In the end, she accepted the Aspect's offer, and in view of all the other Aspect's and their hosts, she transformed. A Beam of Bright Green light surrounded her. Raw natural energy flowed through her. And she came out a different person entirely. Her eyes glowed green. Her hair, once brown, was now shamrock green. All scars and imperfections on her body where healed and removed. She now wore a white dress outlined in colors reflecting the current season, replacing the tatters that she had worn as her time as a slave. And her powers grew exponentially as well.
The Aspect of Nature had not just taken Umbara for its Host, they had instead fully merged together, something only few Hosts and Aspects have managed to do. Their conscious was one, their memories one and their power one. Every single experience, memory and power of the Aspect was no Umbara's giving her a eternity's worth of experience and knowledge to pull from. Umbara now wielded the Bident of Nature. The 2 pronged Scepter exuding the power of the Seasons, just as her powers had before, but now instead of attuning itself to her emotions, she had free will over them. Finally, with this power, comes the final Gift of Nature itself. Nature is unending, it can never be fully destroyed, and it will always regenerate. The Aspect's Host is considered immortal unless the physical body of the Host is irreversibly destroyed, otherwise it will regenerate over time, no matter the injuries. There was no more Aspect and Host anymore, there was only Umbara.
For Millennia, Umbara was the personification of Nature. She watched as time flowed around her, and she protected Nature around the world. She watched as the Host to the Aspect of Twilight died, and became good friends with the new one, Myisha. She watched as Azir's ambition led to the fall of Shurima, and she spit upon his final resting place. When the Great Darkin War began, she was instrumental in not only protecting her domain, but also proposed a scorched earth method to ending the Darkin once and for all. Hellfire and Sleet rained from the sky, the oceans churned and the sand of the Shuriman Desert swirled under her wrath. She nearly succeded in destroying the Darkin once and for all until Mysiha taught the mortals how to seal them away. When Myisha died, she mourned her, and became a Mother figure to the new Host to the Twilight Aspect, Zoe. Now, as the Noxians have sown chaos and discord over the natural world in Ionia, Umbara unleashes her Anger. Nature is benevolent, until it is crossed, then it becomes veangeful. These traits where reflected in Umbara, making her the perfect host to the Nature Aspect. She changed the weather on the Noxians, made the Seasons so severe that they oft retreated under threat of death. She sank their fleet, burned their crops, killed their livestock and healed and preserved the Ionian wilds.
Now, several new issues have appeared in Runeterra. Ionia itself is forgetting about Nature itself, and becoming no better than the Noxian scum. Azir has been resurrected, and with him the bastardly Ascendants. The Frejlord is in chaos as the followers of Volibear wreak havoc, and the Demigods stand idly by. Targon itself has two rogue Aspect Hosts, both of whom have no respect for Nature either. And on top of this, the void has been unleashed in parts of Shurima, destroying anything and everything in its path. Through all of this, Umbara watches, waiting for the right time to strike, and when she does, the world hath better be ready, for the might of Nature has not been released in millennia, and none thus far are prepared for such a harrowing, nor on this scale.

Quotes, Interactions and Appearances:

Pick and Ban Quote:
Pick Quote: All that Blooms, can also Wilt!
Ban Quote: Nature waits for no one but me!
Special Interactions:
Aatrox: You where sealed away once before, NOW YOU DIE!
Anivia: There is more Weather than Snow, Cryophoenix.
Azir: You where better as Sand, let me turn you back to it!
Diana: Host or not, I will defend my domain!
Ivern: My praises, Green Father.
Kennen: You should learn something new, Lightning Lord!
Leona: As I told your lover, my power Eclipses both of yours. Don't forget it!
Maokai: One day, we will restore your home.
Nasus: You should have stayed in your Library, Ascendant! All the knowledge in the world cannot save you now!
Ornn: Balance will be bought back to the Frejlord, with or without you!
Pantheon: Do what you will Pantheon, we have no grievances, nor will I make any.
Renekton: The Butcher indeed! Your blood waters my garden!
Swain: Your Dark Magic is a Defilement on the land. I will purge you and your sin from it!
Udyr: You think nature is your ally? You merely adopted it, I was born with it!
Volibear: End this, or I will!
Umbara's appearance changes depending on her form. She has Shamrock Green Hair, Pale Skin and wears a white dress. The Dress itself is is outlined and has designs in colors depending on her form. Summer Form is Dark Red, Autumnal Form is Orange, Winter Form is Light Blue and Spring Form is Light Green.

Analysis:

So for the Analysis portion, I will be going over what changes I made, as I did rework a lot of stuff. Looking back, there are some quite absurd stuff that I wrote in the old post, like 30% Max Health True Damage for example. At the bottom is a full change log that you guys can see, and I will keep that updated if there are any other changes I make before the voting stage.
A lot of my changes where in the spirit of aligning things more closely with how I want this champion to function. I want this champion to be an AP Bruiser of sorts, akin to Gwen, Diana and Mordekaiser in the jungle. I really took a lot of inspiration from Mordekaiser's builds of Riftmaker, Liandry's Rylai's, but I also wanted to make things like Malignance and Blackfire Torch and Nashor's Tooth potentially viable as well. The goal was to make her abilities scale not with primarily damage but with other stats. For example, Vernal Dawn's shielding and Healing is based on Bonus Health, While Steel Sleet Slashes scale with the amount of Strike it can make. This means that you can build things like a Riftmaker and not be punished for building not raw Damage.
The Passive is where I made a lot of changes. Specifically, I reduced the Stack count from 8 and 5 to 5 and 3. Keeping 8 stacks on an enemy is just not viable, given that they will most likely have some form of mobility to get away and let the stacks fall off, or if it is a sort of champion that wants extended fights like Darius, Aatrox, etc then they are going to very much stat check you unless you are in your Spring Form. Overall, the stack count is down, but to compensate the stats and effects per stack is up. Everything comes out roughly even at max stacks. The other major component I changed is how Ability Haste affected Umbara. Now that there is significantly reduced CDR on Mage/AP Items in general, I think it is safe to allow CDR to affect normal abilities now, especially given that the items that have CDR are Bruiser-y items anyway. Ultimate CDR via Ultimate Hunter and Malignance now affect how Primordial Evolution stacks. The one thing in retrospect that I did not want was having players use primordial evolution to liberally change their forms at will, as the entire point of this champion was the 4 Seasons and balancing different playstyles and effects. To that end, I made Primordial Evolution Stacks take much longer to get, however if you really wanted to, then a fully Stacked Ultimate Hunter + Malignance reduced the CD by about 1/3 which is still significant enough that it makes speccing into these items viable, at least at first sight. Beyond that, i also reduced the lock out time of using a stack of Primordial Evolution, as the goal of Primordial Evolution is to give a way for players to get the right/needed/wanted form before major objectives without disrupting the overall cycle of the Seasons.
As I mentioned above, I reworked a lot of how the abilities scale, so that she can be that AP Bruiser Champion. Vernal Dawn no longer has an absurd Healing and Shielding Ratio, but rather now scales with Bonus Health a la Riftmaker, Liandry's, Rylai's etc. This is also much healthier design, as healing and shielding that much is absurd, and this keeps the essence of the ability intact while keeping her on track.
Devastating Drought has a significantly higher AP scaling when Champions are close to Umbara, and deals Max Health Magic Damage, however realistically this would only max out if an enemy is so close that the models are basically overlapping. Its hard to describe and tune such things without a diagram and actual models, so just assume that the scaling is reasonable enough to not be absolutely bonkers for the sake of the champion design. The main idea behind this ability, which is that leveling it up increases the cone size, is still intact, all that is changed is the damage.
Autumnal Awakening got a lot of number re-tuning to make it more balanced and useable. Again, the Stack count is down because 8 is just unrealistic in modern League, and thus the damage has been amped up a bit to compensate. In addition, it now deals Missing Health Damage, and this is because it is intended to function more as a Conditional Finishing tool rather then an engage or simple damage nuke.
Steel Sleet Slashes, I made a lot more conditional but I also reworded a lot of things to be more clear. Most importantly, since leveling up this ability added an additional strike, If it was a simple Pantheon W then anybody in range would get obliterated once you level this up a bit. Pantheon W is anyway super un-fun to play against, so this was an automatic red flag in my book, so I balanced it on when enemies come into and leave the range of the ability. When they leave, there is a small window where if Umbara can reach them again, the ability will resume, otherwise it goes on Cooldown. This way, if you have mobility you can use it to escape the onslaught of damage, and if you do not then Umbara in Winter Form is designed for you to die to.
In terms of build, I really see some combination Rylai's, Riftmaker, Blackfire Torch, Malignance, Liandry's, Demonic Embrace and Nashor's Tooth being core items on her, depending on how you want to play her. Umbara really synergizes with DoT effects and Bruiser items, however hybrid Assassin-Bruiser items like Nashor's Tooth I can see being viable, especially given that she can be a viable assassin for half the time if you spec into it. At the same time, you are Bruiser for the other half the time, and the abilities you have still function on Bruiser items, so you can certainly spec into the other side. In total, I would forsee her having a lot of build variety and the ability to switch gears on a whim.

Change log:

May 11-12, 2024:
submitted by KryptKrasherHS to LoLChampConcepts [link] [comments]


2024.05.10 00:00 Vir-victus Unanswered question from Askhistorians: Was the relationship between the British Crown and the East India Company characterized by strife and competition as depicted by the Netflix series Taboo?

Several years ago, the user u/Willherr_Raik asked this question, however never got an answer. This being the case, this may be the first post on this sub in the new category of 'unanswered questions from Askhistorians', as always a link to the original question will be provided, rest assured:
https://www.reddit.com/AskHistorians/comments/tug7dw/was_the_relationship_between_the_british_crown/
However the user expanded upon the very inquiry in the following way:
In the new Netflix series Taboo, they go to great lengths to build this deep-rooted strife between the British Crown and the East India Company. The Crown is afraid of the accumulated wealth of the East India Company whilst the Company seeks to protect its accumulated wealth and freedom to operate, seemingly at nearly all costs.
Is there any truth to this strife? Or is it contrived historical developments as is often the case in such fictional series? My google searches mostly yield essays which emphasize the role of the Company in preparing overseas territories governed by commercial rule for later colonial rule. However, is this a natural consequence or the result of the Crown not accepting commercial rule any longer?
Thank you in advance for any and all reply!
It has been several years since I saw the series 'Taboo', but the premise of the series is an interesting one: The BEIC being a serious rival in power and influence, that can even challenge the Crown and the British state. Incidentally, this suggestion of the Companys power and might fascinated me to such an extent that I specialized in the Companys history as a historian. BUT the more I learned about it, the more I realized the portrayal of the BEIC in that series - at least in the way of its power rivalling the state - is not very accurate. But enough digression, let me elaborate:
Firstly, I can wholeheartedly recommend to read up on previous posts made on this topic (such as Mythbusting Ep. 2 and ''How independent was the East India Company from the Crown?''), However that shall not hinder from making another lengthy post to ponder this very issue.
To start off, it is very important, I dare say of the utmost importance, to stress the fact that by its legal nature, the Company was never independent from the English - later British - state. It was wholly subservient to the goodwill of English Kings and the Government. The very first Charter established and constituted the East India Company as a legal entity with all its rights, privileges and responsibilities. The Company was dependent on the Crown to re-issue and renew its Charter, which was always at risk of expiration or - as always explicitly mentioned - termination by the State, if the latter saw its desires not met. Throughout the 17th century especially, the Companys' rights and duties were expanded upon, giving them more power, be it to conduct matters of military or administrative nature. But the state at all times reserved itself the right and legal option to redact and revoke any of these additions to the Companys Charter and likewise was at liberty to edit the Charter at their own discretion. - The Crown and state always were superior by nature, all the way from the beginning.
In 1693 begins what can be called an 'existential crisis' for the Company, which will illustrate several points relevant to the question at hand. The English King William III. (of Oranje) had only ascended the throne several years prior, and had a less than favourable sentiment towards the Company. Much of this can be credited to the Companys unwillingness for further financial support to the Crown and unpaid taxes. The Company had hitherto been one of the biggest sponsors of the state, other than the Bank of England. Five years later a new Company was constituted per a Royal Charter, comprised of many merchants that had long protested the Companys monopoly on trade in the East Indies and thus had seized the chance to tap into this lucrative business themselves, and now in 1698 they formed this new Company after buying the old ones' Charter and monopoly on the Indian trade for 2 million pounds, as the Crown had put it up for auction. The two Companies coexisted for about four years, each of them facing some problems. The old one did neither have the favour nor the support of the Crown, let alone the legal basis for their operations, as all their possessions had been transferred to the new Company. Continued resistance thus was not a good long-term option. But they had the local connections and trade networks in the East Indies, which proved less welcoming for the new Company. A prolonged struggle was not in the Crowns interest either, so a compromise was reached in 1702 (now under Queen Anne I.): The two Companies were to conduct the trade operations to the East Indies in a joint effort for seven years, and in 1709 were to merge together to form what would eventually become to be commonly known as the British East India Company, however then obligated for the financial support as the Crown intended - in form of several million pounds. - This showed two things: Yes the East India Company and the Crown would find themselves at each others throats and the former showing occasional resistance and opposition to the Crowns intentions, however the latter would and could use their superior stance and their legal superiority to 'put their foot on the ground' and have their demands met eventually, even against the Companys opposition.
Which brings us to the next point(s): Was the British state fearful or envious of the Companys wealth and power? At a time, yes. But that applies more to a relatively small timeframe that precedes the events and the timeline of 'Taboo'. But lets start basic. The East India Company had virtually no territorial presence in India until 1757, other than their trading outposts and forts scattered and spread along the coastline of the subcontinent. However the Carnatic Wars against their French counterparts remedied and necessitated the urge to heavily invest into the military, which reached an impressive size of around 20,000 men by 1763, when these Wars were concluded with a British victory. As another result of these wars the British had conquered the province of Bengal, followed by being acknowledged as a territorial power in 1765, when the Mughal Emperor granted the Company the 'diwani' - the right to collect tax revenue. This amounted to hundreds of thousands or even millions of pounds of annual revenue in three provinces, and this 'diwani' legally was their own property. It was at this point British parliament became wary of the Companys power - as it just had seized a sizable chunk of land in India, and had lots tax revenue at its disposal. Simultaneously, the Companys own 'Indian army' would only grow larger, at an equally alarming and impressive rate and with uncanny speed. By 1784, only 20 years later, it arguably had grown to over 100,000 men already, and would measure at around 160,000-200,000 manpower by 1805.
British Parliament therefore started to insert itself into the administration of India by 1773, even more so and more importantly and prominently in 1784, with the India Act as issued in that very year. Rampant corruption by the Companys own Agents and Servants in India put a massive hole in the revenues from Indian taxes and the trade profits, so much so that - combined with the ever increasing military expenditures - the Company by 1772 was at 1.2 million pounds in debt, and it would find itself in a puddle of economic distress and in a swallowing pit of fiscal incompetence that grew ever larger, as the Companys debt would only climb higher and rise to 3-4 million pounds by the 1780s, and up to 9 million pounds in the early 1790s. In 1808 (so shortly before Taboos events), their debt had spiraled to 32 million pounds. To avert a financial catastrophe and the collapse of British India as a whole, to subdue the Company and its power by subjugating them and subordinating them under the state authority, the aforementioned act was one of the first in a series to do exactly that: A special government board, the 'Board of Control', with the Chancellor of the Exchequer among its members, was to regulate and supervise both the Company and the administration of India, now being the supreme authority for both. The Companys leadership had to run all its decisions by the Board and get the latters approval, which could bypass the Company altogether to make their own orders for India. Similarly, the Governor General of British India (this office had been created in 1773) was only to be appointed with the Boards approval. As a result, all of the appointed Governor Generals of India after 1797 would be British statesmen and generals, NOT Company men.
To make matters worse, by 1793 the Indian budget was integrated into the state budget, and fiscal administration partially ceded into state control. Even more gruesome from a Companys standpoint, their monopoly on the Indian trade had been breached, and was completely revoked in 1813 - which is the time the events of Taboo take place, as I seem to recall. As of that time, Lord Minto was about to or just had ended his tenure as a Governor General in India. Lord Minto had formerly been the president of the Board of Control - being one of three former members of the Board that would become Governor Generals in India. Equally telling as to the relationship between the Company and the state, the latter would create lots of new jobs and administrative positions with generous salaries within British India - all of which would be paid from the Companys own finances, the same applying to Royal troops stationed within India.
Summarising: By 1812/1813, the events of the series of taboo (EDIT: 1814), the Company had long ceased to be very profitable, or putting it in another way: despite being a profitable business, the BEIC kept accumulating debt over time. If this state corporation, that always was subordinate and inferior to the state as by its nature, ever had anything you could call 'freedom', it was long lost by 1813 - as control over India, the Company, and its finances had been put under government control and supervision already. Local administration was entrusted to loyal British servants, the British government firmly placed atop the Company as their lawful superior, and the former ALWAYS having been the one with more leverage to terminate the Company or sell its Charter, as the crisis from 1693-1709 is any example to learn from. The Companys monopoly on the Indian trade had just been revoked, as of the time Taboo takes place. The East India Company and the Crown/State never were equals in power, and the British state made very sure to ensure it could never be so, long before it COULD have ever been so. While there certainly was some strife and conflict between these two (the Company and the state), the British state had - by the time Taboo takes place - long since asserted is superior standing and put the Company and more importantly, local control over British India, either under its own control or in the hands of men that could be trusted to act in its best interest.
Sources include:
Bowen, Huw V.: ,,The Business of Empire: The East India Company and imperial Britain, 1756-1833‘‘. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 2006.
Bryant, G. J.: ,,The Emergence of British power in India, 1600-1784. A grand strategic interpretation‘‘. The Boydell Press: Woodbridge 2013.
Charters by Anne I. - 1702, 1703, 1709.
Charters by William III. - 1693, 1694, 1698.
Charter Act - 1793 (British Parliament Act).
Charter Act - 1813 (British Parliament Act).
India Act - 1784 (British Parliament Act).
Travers, Robert: ,,Ideology and empire in eighteenth-century India. The British in Bengal‘‘. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 2007.
Webster, Anthony: ,,The twilight of the East India Company. The evolution of Anglo-Asian commerce and politics, 1790-1860‘‘. The Boydell Press: Woodbridge 2013.
submitted by Vir-victus to BEIC_EastIndiaCompany [link] [comments]


2024.05.09 01:55 Then_Marionberry_259 MAY 08, 2024 PAAS.TO PAN AMERICAN SILVER REPORTS FIRST QUARTER 2024 RESULTS

MAY 08, 2024 PAAS.TO PAN AMERICAN SILVER REPORTS FIRST QUARTER 2024 RESULTS
https://preview.redd.it/w9kfnbbgjazc1.png?width=3500&format=png&auto=webp&s=e250bfdc0c955cf725991cafec4364a4068b5cfe
All amounts expressed in U.S. dollars unless otherwise indicated. Unaudited tabular amounts are in millions of U.S. dollars and thousands of shares, options, and warrants, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted.
Pan American Silver Corp. (NYSE: PAAS) (TSX: PAAS) ("Pan American" or the "Company") reports unaudited results for the quarter ended March 31, 2024 ("Q1 2024").
"Cash flow from operations before working capital changes of $133.2 million in the first quarter reflects strong performance on production and costs, with silver and gold production in line with our expectations, and costs for both metals lower than expected," said Michael Steinmann, President and Chief Executive Officer. "We progressed our major projects, notably the new ventilation infrastructure at La Colorada and the plant upgrades at Jacobina, while returning $58.0 million of capital to shareholders through $36.5 million in total cash dividends paid and $21.5 million in shares repurchased."
Added Mr. Steinmann: "The sale of our La Arena asset in Peru, announced on May 1, 2024, will further improve our financial position with an upfront cash payment of $245 million on closing, and is aligned with our strategy of continued portfolio optimization."
The following highlights for Q1 2024 include certain measures that are not generally accepted accounting principles ("non-GAAP") financial measures. Please refer to the section titled “Alternative Performance (Non-GAAP) Measures” at the end of this news release for further information on these measures.
Consolidated Q1 2024 Highlights:
  • Silver production of 5.01 million ounces and gold production of 222.9 thousand ounces were in line with management's expectations for Q1 2024.
  • Revenue of $601.4 million.
  • Net loss of $30.8 million ($0.08 basic loss per share), including: an inflation adjustment in Argentina that increased income tax expense by $15.2 million; a $14.4 million net realizable value ("NRV") inventory expense; and a $10.8 million non-cash investment loss, largely due to the decrease of the New Pacific Metals Corp. share price.
  • Adjusted earnings of $4.7 million, or $0.01 adjusted earnings per share.
  • Cash flow from operations of $133.2 million before working capital changes, including $41.1 million in cash taxes paid.
  • Silver Segment Cash Costs and All-in Sustaining Costs ("AISC"), excluding NRV inventory adjustments, per silver ounce of $12.67 and $16.63, respectively, were lower than management's expectations for Q1 2024.
  • Gold Segment Cash Costs and AISC, excluding NRV inventory adjustments, per gold ounce of $1,207 and $1,499, respectively, were lower than management's expectations for Q1 2024.
  • The Company reaffirms its 2024 Guidance, as provided in the Company's Q4 2023 Management's Discussion and Analysis ("MD&A") dated February 21, 2024.
  • As at March 31, 2024, the Company had working capital of $693.5 million, inclusive of cash and investments of $331.4 million, and $750.0 million available under its revolving Sustainability-Linked Credit Facility ("SL-Credit Facility"). Total debt of $806.6 million is related to two senior notes, lease obligations, and construction and other loans.
  • Following approval of the Company's Normal Course Issuer Bid on March 4, 2024, Pan American repurchased, for cancellation, approximately 1.7 million shares at an average price of $14.16 per share for total consideration of $24.3 million (of which $2.8 million was payable as at March 31, 2024).
  • A cash dividend of $0.10 per common share with respect to Q1 2024 was declared on May 8, 2024, payable on or about June 3, 2024, to holders of record of Pan American’s common shares as of the close of markets on May 21, 2024. In March 2024, the Company paid cash dividends totaling $36.5 million. The dividends are eligible dividends for Canadian income tax purposes.
Q1 2024 Project Updates:
  • At La Colorada, Pan American invested $9.6 million on project capital in Q1 2024. The new ventilation infrastructure is on schedule for completion in mid-2024, which is expected to significantly improve ventilation conditions in the mine in the second half of 2024. Improved ventilation will allow development rates to accelerate, increasing the number of production areas and leading to higher throughput thereafter. As well, the Company invested in continued exploration drilling at the La Colorada Skarn project, releasing additional high-grade drill results on April 7, 2024.
  • At the Huaron mine, Pan American invested $14.2 million on project capital for the construction of the new dry-stack tailings storage facility, which is on schedule to be completed in the second half of 2024.
  • At the Jacobina mine, Pan American invested $4.3 million on project capital related to plant facility infrastructure upgrades. The Company is undertaking a study to optimize the economics of this long-life mine and evaluate opportunities to increase production rates.
  • At the Timmins mine, Pan American invested $2.8 million on project capital related to the construction of the paste plant project and its associated infrastructure, which is expected to provide an engineered backfill that will enhance orebody extraction and mine stability. The project is on schedule and is expected to be commissioned in Q3 2024.
  • At the Escobal mine in Guatemala, the ILO 169 consultation process has experienced delays since the new government in Guatemala took office in January 2024. During meetings held in Q1 2024 between Pan American, the Ministry of Energy and Mines ("MEM") and other institutions, the government confirmed its commitment to completing the Escobal ILO 169 consultation process but has not provided an update to the timeline. On April 29, 2024, the MEM released the Vice Minister of Sustainable Development who was responsible for overseeing and coordinating the Escobal ILO 169 consultation process. Since the announcement, the MEM has not yet designated a replacement for this post.
Pan American agrees to sell La Arena
On May 1, 2024, the Company announced that it has agreed to sell the La Arena gold mine as well as the La Arena II project in Peru, to Jinteng (Singapore) Mining Pte. Ltd., a subsidiary of Zijin Mining Group Co., Ltd. (collectively, "Zijin"). Under the terms of the agreement, at closing Zijin will pay $245 million in cash and will grant Pan American a life-of-mine gold net smelter return royalty of 1.5% for the La Arena II project. Additionally, upon commencement of commercial production from the La Arena II project, the agreement provides for an additional payment from Zijin of $50 million in cash. The closing of the transaction is subject to customary conditions and receipt of regulatory approvals. The Company expects the transaction to be completed in the third quarter of 2024.
Following the completion of the La Arena transaction, Pan American plans to update the 2024 Operating Outlook disclosed in its MD&A dated February 21, 2024. At La Arena, the 2024 Operating Outlook assumed 83 to 95 thousand ounces of gold production at Cash Costs of $1,400 to $1,470 per ounce and AISC of $1,675 to $1,775 per ounce. Sustaining capital expenditures were estimated to total $18 million to $19 million in 2024.
CONSOLIDATED RESULTS
https://preview.redd.it/4y59rzdgjazc1.png?width=720&format=png&auto=webp&s=a24063d6f1bece146a04719e60338508b5cf1e23
https://preview.redd.it/ndapmregjazc1.png?width=720&format=png&auto=webp&s=4b5a42b553021a216317122fe3c99c8c6fb27db4
OPERATING PERFORMANCE
https://preview.redd.it/x15sarfgjazc1.png?width=720&format=png&auto=webp&s=385722622678db720ac26fe86af5314a0bff6849
https://preview.redd.it/wovlzpggjazc1.png?width=720&format=png&auto=webp&s=2a8742a09bd6955c2fbc58a5a4ce3bbb96c7b7b2
Cash Costs, AISC, adjusted earnings, basic adjusted earnings per share, sustaining and non-sustaining capital, working capital, total debt and net cash are non-GAAP financial measures. Please refer to the "Alternative Performance (non-GAAP) Measures" section of this news release for further information on these measures.
This news release should be read in conjunction with Pan American's unaudited Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial Statements and our MD&A for the three months ended March 31, 2024. This material is available on Pan American’s website at https:// panamericansilver.com/invest/financial-reports-and-filings/, on SEDAR+ at www.sedarplus.ca and on EDGAR at www.sec.gov
CONFERENCE CALL AND WEBCAST
https://preview.redd.it/pwxocihgjazc1.png?width=720&format=png&auto=webp&s=29b63d3ef5e7448b88ad85ca8f063458651060df
The live webcast, presentation slides and the report for Q1 2024 will be available at https://www.panamericansilver.com/invest/events-and-presentations/
About Pan American
Pan American Silver is a leading producer of silver and gold in the Americas, operating mines in Canada, Mexico, Peru, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile and Argentina. We also own the Escobal mine in Guatemala that is currently not operating, and we hold interests in exploration and development projects. We have been operating in the Americas for three decades, earning an industry-leading reputation for sustainability performance, operational excellence and prudent financial management. We are headquartered in Vancouver, B.C. and our shares trade on the New York Stock Exchange and the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol "PAAS".
Learn more at panamericansilver.com
Follow us on LinkedIn
Alternative Performance (Non-GAAP) Measures
In this news release, we refer to measures that are non-GAAP financial measures. These measures are widely used in the mining industry as a benchmark for performance, but do not have a standardized meaning as prescribed by IFRS as an indicator of performance, and may differ from methods used by other companies with similar descriptions. These non-GAAP financial measures include:
  • Cash Costs. Pan American's method of calculating cash costs may differ from the methods used by other entities and, accordingly, Pan American's Cash Costs may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other entities. Investors are cautioned that Cash Costs should not be construed as an alternative to production costs, depreciation and amortization, and royalties determined in accordance with IFRS as an indicator of performance.
  • Adjusted earnings and basic adjusted earnings per share. Pan American believes that these measures better reflect normalized earnings as they eliminate items that in management's judgment are subject to volatility as a result of factors, which are unrelated to operations in the period, and/or relate to items that will settle in future periods.
  • All-in Sustaining Costs per silver or gold ounce sold, net of by-product credits ("AISC"). Pan American has adopted AISC as a measure of its consolidated operating performance and its ability to generate cash from all operations collectively, and Pan American believes it is a more comprehensive measure of the cost of operating our consolidated business than traditional cash costs per payable ounce, as it includes the cost of replacing ounces through exploration, the cost of ongoing capital investments (sustaining capital), general and administrative expenses, as well as other items that affect Pan American's consolidated earnings and cash flow.
  • Total debt is calculated as the total current and non-current portions of: debt, including senior notes and amounts drawn on the SL-Credit Facility, and lease obligations. Total debt does not have any standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and is therefore unlikely to be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. Pan American and certain investors use this information to evaluate the financial debt leverage of Pan American.
  • Working capital is calculated as current assets less current liabilities. Working capital does not have any standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and is therefore unlikely to be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. Pan American and certain investors use this information to evaluate whether Pan American is able to meet its current obligations using its current assets.
  • Total available liquidity is calculated as the sum of cash and cash equivalents, Short-term Investments, and the amount available on the SL-Credit Facility. Total available liquidity does not have any standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and is therefore unlikely to be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. Pan American and certain investors use this information to evaluate the liquid assets available to Pan American.
Readers should refer to the "Alternative Performance (non-GAAP) Measures" section of Pan American’s Q1 2024 MD&A for a more detailed discussion of these and other non-GAAP measures and their calculation.
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements and Information
Certain of the statements and information in this news release constitute "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and "forward-looking information" within the meaning of applicable Canadian provincial securities laws. All statements, other than statements of historical fact, are forward-looking statements or information. Forward-looking statements or information in this news release relate to, among other things: future financial or operational performance, including our estimated production of silver, gold and other metals forecasted for 2024, our estimated Cash Costs and AISC, and our sustaining and project capital expenditures in 2024; expectations with respect to mineral grades and the impact of any variations relative to actual grades experienced; the anticipated dividend payment date of May 31, 2024; the receipt of regulatory approvals and successful completion of the proposed sale of La Arena, as well as the anticipated timing for the completion thereof; the anticipated commencement of production from the La Arena II project and the receipt of the contingent payment associated therewith; the ability of Pan American to successfully complete any capital projects including at La Colorada, Huaron and Timmins, and any anticipated economic or operational benefits to be derived from those projects; the completion of the optimization study at the Jacobina mine, and any potential benefits expected to be derived therefrom; future anticipated prices for gold, silver and other metals and assumed foreign exchange rates; and Pan American’s plans and expectations for its properties and operations.
These forward-looking statements and information reflect Pan American’s current views with respect to future events and are necessarily based upon a number of assumptions that, while considered reasonable by Pan American, are inherently subject to significant operational, business, economic and regulatory uncertainties and contingencies. These assumptions include: the impact of inflation and disruptions to the global, regional and local supply chains; tonnage of ore to be mined and processed; future anticipated prices for gold, silver and other metals and assumed foreign exchange rates; the timing and impact of planned capital expenditure projects, including anticipated sustaining, project, and exploration expenditures; the ability to satisfy the closing conditions and receive regulatory approval to complete the sale of La Arena; the ongoing impact and timing of the court-mandated ILO 169 consultation process in Guatemala; ore grades and recoveries; capital, decommissioning and reclamation estimates; our mineral reserve and mineral resource estimates and the assumptions upon which they are based; prices for energy inputs, labour, materials, supplies and services (including transportation); no labour-related disruptions at any of our operations; no unplanned delays or interruptions in scheduled production; all necessary permits, licenses and regulatory approvals for our operations are received in a timely manner; our ability to secure and maintain title and ownership to mineral properties and the surface rights necessary for our operations; whether Pan American is able to maintain a strong financial condition and have sufficient capital, or have access to capital through our corporate sustainability-linked credit facility or otherwise, to sustain our business and operations; and our ability to comply with environmental, health and safety laws. The foregoing list of assumptions is not exhaustive.
Pan American cautions the reader that forward-looking statements and information involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results and developments to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements or information contained in this news release and Pan American has made assumptions and estimates based on or related to many of these factors. Such factors include, without limitation: the duration and effect of local and world-wide inflationary pressures and the potential for economic recessions; fluctuations in silver, gold and base metal prices; fluctuations in prices for energy inputs, labour, materials, supplies and services (including transportation); fluctuations in currency markets (such as the PEN, MXN, ARS, BOB, GTQ, CAD, CLP and BRL versus the USD); operational risks and hazards inherent with the business of mining (including environmental accidents and hazards, industrial accidents, equipment breakdown, unusual or unexpected geological or structural formations, cave-ins, flooding and severe weather); risks relating to the credit worthiness or financial condition of suppliers, refiners and other parties with whom Pan American does business; inadequate insurance, or inability to obtain insurance, to cover these risks and hazards; employee relations; relationships with, and claims by, local communities and indigenous populations; our ability to obtain all necessary permits, licenses and regulatory approvals in a timely manner; changes in laws, regulations and government practices in the jurisdictions where we operate, including environmental, export and import laws and regulations; changes in national and local government, legislation, taxation, controls or regulations and political, legal or economic developments in Canada, the United States, Mexico, Peru, Argentina, Bolivia, Guatemala, Chile, Brazil or other countries where Pan American may carry on business, including legal restrictions relating to mining, risks relating to expropriation and risks relating to the constitutional court-mandated ILO 169 consultation process in Guatemala; diminishing quantities or grades of mineral reserves as properties are mined; increased competition in the mining industry for equipment and qualified personnel; and those factors identified under the caption "Risks Related to Pan American's Business" in Pan American's most recent form 40-F and Annual Information Form filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission and Canadian provincial securities regulatory authorities, respectively.
Although Pan American has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially, there may be other factors that cause results not to be as anticipated, estimated, described or intended. Investors are cautioned against undue reliance on forward-looking statements or information. Forward-looking statements and information are designed to help readers understand management's current views of our near- and longer-term prospects and may not be appropriate for other purposes. Pan American does not intend, nor does it assume any obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements or information, whether as a result of new information, changes in assumptions, future events or otherwise, except to the extent required by applicable law.

View source version on businesswire.com: https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20240507106547/en/
Siren Fisekci
VP, Investor Relations & Corporate Communications
Ph: 604-806-3191
Email: [ir@panamericansilver.com](mailto:ir@panamericansilver.com)
https://preview.redd.it/rnrfgnigjazc1.png?width=4000&format=png&auto=webp&s=1e40a5f55edc3997193c30a2bb4421a9e193a532
Universal Site Links
PAN AMERICAN SILVER CORP
STOCK METAL DATABASE
ADD TICKER TO THE DATABASE
www.reddit.com/Treaty_Creek
REPORT AN ERROR
submitted by Then_Marionberry_259 to Treaty_Creek [link] [comments]


2024.05.06 08:25 HRVitoDempsey [HIRING] Head Programmer! Senior Programmer! Pasig!

Good day! I am Vito Vergara, a Talent Acquisition Specialist from Dempsey Resource Management Inc. And as the same, I am commissioned by our client company to source and endorse candidates for different posts. Positions being offered are for direct and permanent hire by the company client itself, not under agency and absolutely NO fee from your end is required. In other words, I merely act as a conduit for you and our company client. To know more about us, please visit our website at http://dempseyinc.weebly.com/\

I. HEAD PROGRAMMER
QUALIFICATIONS:
RESPONSIBILITIES:
SALARY:
WORK LOCATION:

II. SENIOR PROGRAMMER
QUALIFICATIONS:
RESPONSIBILITIES:
SALARY:
WORK LOCATION:

FOR MORE INQUIRIES AND/OR IF INTERESTED, MESSAGE ME IN VIBER (09771704223) OR SEND ME AN EMAIL WITH “REDDIT APPLICATION – (POSITION APPLYING FOR)” AS SUBJECT: dempseyinc97@gmail.com
submitted by HRVitoDempsey to phclassifieds [link] [comments]


2024.05.06 08:25 HRVitoDempsey [HIRING] Head Programmer! Senior Programmer! Pasig!

Good day! I am Vito Vergara, a Talent Acquisition Specialist from Dempsey Resource Management Inc. And as the same, I am commissioned by our client company to source and endorse candidates for different posts. Positions being offered are for direct and permanent hire by the company client itself, not under agency and absolutely NO fee from your end is required. In other words, I merely act as a conduit for you and our company client. To know more about us, please visit our website at http://dempseyinc.weebly.com/\

I. HEAD PROGRAMMER
QUALIFICATIONS:
RESPONSIBILITIES:
SALARY:
WORK LOCATION:

II. SENIOR PROGRAMMER
QUALIFICATIONS:
RESPONSIBILITIES:
SALARY:
WORK LOCATION:

FOR MORE INQUIRIES AND/OR IF INTERESTED, MESSAGE ME IN VIBER (09771704223) OR SEND ME AN EMAIL WITH “REDDIT APPLICATION – (POSITION APPLYING FOR)” AS SUBJECT: dempseyinc97@gmail.com
submitted by HRVitoDempsey to PHJobs [link] [comments]


http://rodzice.org/