What are the answers to sadlier oxford level g vocabulary workshop

Domestic BOT Presale Tracking (May 28). Thursday Comps: Haikyu!! ($0.91M), Bad Boys: Ride or Die ($3.47M THU, $5.34M EA+THU), The Watchers ($1.00M), Inside Out 2 ($7.63M), and Deadpool and Wolverine ($30.46M).

2024.05.29 09:04 BOfficeStats Domestic BOT Presale Tracking (May 28). Thursday Comps: Haikyu!! ($0.91M), Bad Boys: Ride or Die ($3.47M THU, $5.34M EA+THU), The Watchers ($1.00M), Inside Out 2 ($7.63M), and Deadpool and Wolverine ($30.46M).

BoxOfficeTheory Presale Tracking
USA Showtimes As of May 17
Presales Data (Google Sheets Link)
BoxOfficeReport Previews
DOMESTIC PRESALES
Haikyu!! The Dumpster Battle Average THU Comp: $0.91M
In a Violent Nature
Summer Camp
Young Woman and the Sea
Bad Boys: Ride or Die Average Thursday / EA+Thursday comp: $3.47M/$5.34M
The Watchers Average Thursday Comp: $1.00M
The Lord of the Rings Extended Edition Re-Releases (June 8-10)
Inside Out 2 Average Thursday Comp: $7.63M
The Bikeriders
Deadpool and Wolverine Average Thursday Comp using TheFlatLannister's Dune2+GOTG3 comp: $30.46M
Domestic Calendar Dates (last updated May 23):
MAY
JUNE
JULY
AUGUST
Presale Tracking Posts:
May 11
May 14
May 16
May 18
May 21
May 23
May 25
Note: I have removed most tracking data that has not been updated for 2 weeks. I think there is value in keeping data for a week or two but at a certain point they start to lose their value and should not be treated the same as more recent tracking data.
submitted by BOfficeStats to boxoffice [link] [comments]

2024.05.29 08:54 VolarRecords YES THIS IS ABOUT THE HISTORY OF UFOS -- Has the C.I.A. Done More Harm Than Good? - by Amy Davidson Sorkin October 3, 2022

Found this article after doing a quick deep-dive after this post from u/evilez:
https://www.reddit.com/UFOs/comments/1d33m4l/does_anybody_remember_what_podcast_this_was/
"Hello fine ladies and gentlemen! I remember listening to a podcast less than a year ago. The main subject of the podcast was UFOs (I think)... anyways the guest told a story that a congressman or senator wrote a bill that was against the CIA or going to defund the CIA, in the 80's... and shortly thereafter, someone broke into his home, dragged his wife out into the street and stuck a gun in her mouth and told her to kill the bill."
Some light Googling brought up this article about the history of the CIA, the OSS, and Daniel Patrick Moynihan's attempts at defunding the agency in the 90s.
Here's an article about that attempt brought by Moynihan published on the Carnegie Endowment Website on December 20, 2005.
https://carnegieendowment.org/posts/2005/12/the-case-for-abolishing-the-cia?lang=en
Here's the New Yorker piece about all of this from October 3rd, 2022.

Spooked -- What’s wrong with the C.I.A.? -- By Amy Davidson Sorkin -- October 3, 2022

https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2022/10/10/has-the-cia-done-more-harm-than-good
According to the article regarding the resuscitation of the OSS as the CIA immediately following Roswell and the Twining Memo:
"Many of its officers moved straight to the new C.I.A. Most consequentially, perhaps, four future directors of the C.I.A. were O.S.S. veterans: Allen Dulles, Richard Helms, William Colby, and William Casey."
Here's the New Yorker article in full:
"On January 4, 1995, Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan, of New York, introduced a bill called the Abolition of the Central Intelligence Agency Act. It had been a rough stretch for the C.I.A. The year before, Aldrich Ames, a longtime officer, had been convicted of being a longtime mole for Soviet (and then Russian) intelligence. Despite having a reputation among his colleagues as a problem drinker who appeared to live far beyond his means, Ames had been given high-level assignments with access to the names of American sources in the U.S.S.R. When the F.B.I. finally arrested him, he was in the Jaguar he used for commuting to work at Langley; by then, he was responsible for the death of at least ten agents. Moynihan said that the case was such a flamboyant display of incompetence that it might actually be a distraction from “the most fundamental defects of the C.I.A.” He meant that the agency—in what he considered to be its “defining failure”—had both missed the fact that the Soviet Union was on the verge of collapse and done little to hasten its end.
He gave a diagnosis for what had gone wrong. “Secrecy keeps mistakes secret,” he said. “Secrecy is a disease. It causes a hardening of the arteries of the mind.” He quoted John le Carré on that point, adding that the best information actually came from the likes of area specialists, diplomats, historians, and journalists. If the C.I.A. was disbanded, he said, the State Department could pick up the intelligence work, and do a better job.
Moynihan was, in some respects, being disingenuous. As he well knew, even if his bill had passed, spies and spying wouldn’t have gone away. The State Department already had its own mini agency, the Bureau of Intelligence and Research. The Departments of Energy and Treasury each had one, too. The Defense Intelligence Agency conducted clandestine operations; U.S. Army Intelligence, Air Force Intelligence, and the Office of Naval Intelligence kept themselves busy as well. The National Security Agency was nearly two decades away from the revelation, by Edward Snowden, a contractor and a former C.I.A. employee, that it had collected information about the phone calls of most Americans, but it was a behemoth even in Moynihan’s time. So was the Federal Bureau of Investigation. There were about a dozen agencies then; now, after reforms that were supposed to streamline things, there are eighteen, including the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (O.D.N.I.), a sort of meta-C.I.A. that has a couple of thousand employees, and the Department of Homeland Security’s Office of Intelligence and Analysis. The Drug Enforcement Administration (which currently has foreign offices in sixty-nine countries) has an Office of National Security Intelligence. Four million people in the United States now have security clearances.
It can be hard to sort out which agencies do what; players in the espionage business aren’t always good with boundaries. Both the C.I.A. and the N.S.A. make use of satellite resources, including commercial ones, but there is a separate agency in charge of a spy-satellite fleet, the National Reconnaissance Office—not to be confused with the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, which deals with both space-based and ground-level imaging, or with Space Delta 18, the nation’s newest intelligence agency, which is attached to the Space Force. Abolishing the C.I.A. might do nothing more than reconfigure the turf wars.
[NOTE: both Sean Kirkpatrick and David Grusch worked for the NRO and at least Grusch worked for the NGA]
As the senator from New York also knew, a large proportion of the C.I.A.’s resources are devoted not to intelligence gathering but to covert operations, some of which look like military operations. In “Spies, Lies, and Algorithms: The History and Future of American Intelligence” (Princeton)—one of several recent books that coincide with the seventy-fifth anniversary of the agency’s founding—Amy B. Zegart, a political scientist at Stanford, writes that it’s “getting harder to know just where the CIA’s role ends and the military’s role begins.” Yet the agency’s paramilitary pursuits and related covert activities go back decades. They include the botched Bay of Pigs landing, the brutal Phoenix Program in Vietnam, and a long list of assassination attempts, coup plots, the mining of a harbor (with explosive devices the agency built itself), and drone strikes. These operations have very seldom ended well.
Moynihan’s bill had no more luck than another that he introduced the same day, aimed at ending Major League Baseball’s exemption from antitrust laws. In each case, people understood that there was a problem, but both institutions were protected by the sense that there was something essential, and perhaps authentically American, about them, including their very brokenness. A sudden turn of events can convince even the C.I.A.’s most sober critics that the agency will save us all, whether from terrorists or from Donald Trump. But, seventy-five years in, it’s far from clear whether the C.I.A. is good at its job, or what that job is or should be, or how we could get rid of the agency if we wanted to.
How did we end up with the C.I.A.? A familiar explanation is that the shock of Pearl Harbor made the United States realize it needed more spies; the Office of Strategic Services was formed and jumped into action; and, when the war ended, the O.S.S. evolved seamlessly into the C.I.A., ready to go out and win the Cold War. But that narrative isn’t quite right, particularly regarding the relationship between the O.S.S. and the C.I.A.
[NOTE: We know how ended up with the CIA. ROSWELL.]
The United States has always used spies of some sort. George Washington had a discretionary espionage budget for which he didn’t have to turn in receipts. In the early part of the twentieth century, the State Department had an intelligence-analysis unit, along with a cryptography group called the Black Chamber, which operated out of a brownstone in New York’s Murray Hill until it was shut down, in 1929. The Army and the Navy had cryptography and reconnaissance units, too. When the Second World War began, their operations ramped up dramatically, and, as Nicholas Reynolds recounts in “Need to Know: World War II and the Rise of American Intelligence” (Mariner), these units, not the O.S.S., handled most of the code-breaking. The problem became the volume of raw intelligence. The task of making sense of it and of turning it into something that policymakers could use went to an office within the Army’s military-intelligence division (or G-2), which, Reynolds says, produced “the country’s best strategic intelligence” during the war. That office’s work was directed by Alfred McCormack, a former clerk for Supreme Court Justice Harlan Stone and a partner at Cravath, Swaine & Moore. Many of the people he brought in were young corporate lawyers; the theory was that their training in plowing through mountains of documents made them ideal intelligence analysts.
William J. Donovan, who led and largely conceived of the O.S.S., was also a Wall Street lawyer, but one with an aversion to the “legalistic.” What Donovan envisioned was essentially an array of commando units that would operate stealthily and behind enemy lines. In practice, what he tried to build, according to a colleague, was a “private army.” His escapades often risked too much and gained too little. In late 1943, one of his own officers wrote to him that “the set-up has been incredibly wasteful in manpower and, except for a few spotty accomplishments, has been a national failure.” And it had produced “chaos in the field.” Donovan’s nickname was Wild Bill, but his staff called him Seabiscuit, after the thoroughbred, because of his tendency to race around, engaging in what was basically war tourism. In the end, though, the O.S.S. made real contributions, including through its contacts with the French Resistance. But Donovan’s complaint about D Day was that there was “too much planning.” Counterintelligence and strategic thinking bored him, and the O.S.S.’s analysis division was seen as secondary to its operations.
When Harry Truman became President, in April, 1945, he took a look at the O.S.S. and, in September, 1945, abolished it. About two years later, he signed the National Security Act, which established the C.I.A. (and the Department of Defense), but he didn’t want the new agency to be like the group Donovan had run. Instead, it was supposed to do what its name suggested: centralize the intelligence that various agencies gathered, analyze it, and turn it into something the President could use.
[NOTE: I tried doing some research after reading something yesterday about how the NSA was developed in 1952 under Project Sigma to try and decode "alien" communications. If anyone can offer anything, you'd be helping humanity.]
“It was not intended as a ‘Cloak and Dagger’ Outfit!,” Truman later wrote. He also had to deal with public apprehensions that he might create what a Chicago Tribune headline called a “Super Gestapo Agency”—which is why, in its charter, the C.I.A. was banned from domestic spying.
Reynolds’s book is the best of the recent batch, and the most readable. It does not retrofit the history of the O.S.S. around the assumption that the C.I.A. was the inevitable lead postwar intelligence agency. There were other contenders, including a version of McCormack’s office in the State Department—something like what Moynihan wanted. J. Edgar Hoover argued that “World Wide Intelligence” should be turned over to the F.B.I., with military intelligence subservient to him. In some alternative history, he might have pulled that off; by 1943, he was running undercover operations in twenty Latin American countries. And so things could have been worse.
[WHAT UNDERCOVER OPERATIONS WERE WE RUNNING IN LATIN AMERICANS COUNTRIES IN 1943.]
Donovan was an adept publicist, but what mattered most, in the end, was that he was good, or lucky, when it came to hiring people. Despite the “pale, male, and Yale” stereotype, the O.S.S. was somewhat more diverse than other units, and certainly more eclectic. Among its ranks were Ralph Bunche, Herbert Marcuse, and Julia Child. Many of its officers moved straight to the new C.I.A. Most consequentially, perhaps, four future directors of the C.I.A. were O.S.S. veterans: Allen Dulles, Richard Helms, William Colby, and William Casey. Each seems to have had glory-day memories of the O.S.S., which is to say that each, in various ways, was afflicted with what a general in Army intelligence called “the screwball Donovan effect.” Casey, who put a picture of Donovan on his wall, said of his old boss, “We all glowed in his presence.” Wild Bill lost the bureaucratic fight but won the personnel and mythology wars.
And, of course, the agency found customers and collaborators in the White House. There was no mention of covert action in the law that chartered the C.I.A., but Presidents—starting with Truman—began using it that way. One of the agency’s first operations involved meddling in the 1948 Italian election, to insure the victory of the Christian Democrats. The subsidies and outright bribery of Italian politicians, some of them on the far, far right, continued into the nineteen-seventies.
Almost from its creation, though, there was a sense that something about the C.I.A. was off. The split between covert action and intelligence gathering and analysis was part of it. The director of the agency was also supposed to be the leader of U.S. intelligence as a whole, but, invariably, the person in the job seemed more invested in preëminence than in coördination. That setup remained in place until the establishment of the O.D.N.I., in 2004, a move that thus far has mostly continued a tradition of trying to deal with the C.I.A.’s dysfunction by setting up ever more agencies, offices, and centers. (The N.S.A. was established, in 1952, in response to a series of cryptography-related failures.) “Legacy of Ashes,” Tim Weiner’s 2008 history of the C.I.A.—and still an invaluable overview—takes its title from a lament by Eisenhower about what he’d be leaving his successors if the “faulty” structure of American intelligence wasn’t changed. Since Weiner’s book was published, the ashes, and the agencies, have only been piling up.
Zegart’s “Spies, Lies, and Algorithms” aims to bring that history to the present. Zegart has served as an adviser to intelligence agencies, and she provides a decent guide to our current bureaucracy. Throughout, her book is clear and well organized—maybe a little too well organized, one feels, after taking in the “Seven Deadly Biases” of intelligence analysis, the “Four Main Adversaries” and the “Five Types of Attack” in the crypto area, and the “Three Words, Four Types” that define covert action. (The covert-action words, incidentally, are “influence,” “acknowledged,” and “abroad.”) Not a few paragraphs read like PowerPoint charts; contradictions are displayed without really being reckoned with. She observes that the balance between “hunting” and “gathering” seems off, but, in her telling, the fact that Presidents of both parties regularly turn to the C.I.A. for paramilitary and other covert tasks constitutes proof that doing so is part of the order of things. The impression she leaves is that if it all goes wrong, it’s because some checklist has been missed. One of the top priorities of U.S. intelligence today, she thinks, should be persuading tech companies to get with the program and help out. She moots the creation of yet another agency, to deal with OSINT—open-source intelligence.
In one chapter, Zegart provides a list of scandals involving spying within the U.S. by various intelligence agencies—notably the N.S.A., the F.B.I., and the C.I.A. “All of these activities violated American law,” she writes. “But that’s the point: domestic laws forbid this kind of surveillance of Americans.” How is that the point, exactly? She depicts the Senate’s 2014 Torture Report, which detailed profound abuses in the C.I.A.’s so-called black sites, as a they-said, the-agency-said, who-knows case. She turns it into a parable about the problems with Congress—suggesting that, although the committee structure may have needed rejiggering, the moral compass of those involved in the program of torture was just fine.
Another new volume, “A Question of Standing: A History of the CIA” (Oxford), by Rhodri Jeffreys-Jones, a professor emeritus of history at the University of Edinburgh, offers the insights of a more distant observer. He can be astute about how “false memories” of the O.S.S.’s accomplishments have led the C.I.A. astray. Part of his argument is that the agency has acted as if its influence depended on its standing with whoever is in the White House, thus motivating it to offer Presidents quick fixes that fix nothing. The net effect is to reduce its standing, and that of the U.S., with the public at home and abroad. But Jeffreys-Jones is prone to rash generalizations and pronouncements. He theorizes that, in the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, George W. Bush’s national-security adviser, Condoleezza Rice, may have been susceptible to “war mongering” due to her status as “a descendant of slaves,” and that the working-class background of the C.I.A.’s director, George Tenet, made him more likely to vouch for the faulty intelligence on weapons of mass destruction used to justify the war. “Social mobility so often leads to conformity,” warns Jeffreys-Jones, himself the son of an academic historian.
During the Vietnam War, the C.I.A. had discouraging intelligence to offer, and, when successive Administrations didn’t want to hear it, focussed on being helpful by providing those supposedly quick fixes. That meant abetting a coup in 1963, spying on antiwar protesters, and launching the Phoenix Program, an anti-Vietcong campaign marked by torture and by arbitrary executions; in total, more than twenty thousand people were killed under Phoenix’s auspices.
Phoenix was run by William Colby, the O.S.S. alum, who was soon promoted to C.I.A. director. At lower levels, discontent about Vietnam fueled leaks. In December, 1974, the journalist Seymour Hersh told the agency that he was about to publish a story in the Times exposing its domestic spying. Whether in a miscalculation or (as Jeffreys-Jones somewhat breathlessly speculates) as an act of personal expiation, Colby gave Hersh partial confirmation. Amid the scandals and the Congressional hearings that followed, Colby angered some of his colleagues, and Henry Kissinger, by laying bare even more. It emerged that, in 1973, Colby’s predecessor had asked senior agency officials to produce a list of things the C.I.A. had done that might have been unlawful. The resulting document, covering just the prior fifteen years, was known in-house as “The Family Jewels,” and was almost seven hundred pages long.
The question of how much it matters who works at the C.I.A. is a perennial one. The influence of Donovan’s acolytes shows that decisions about whom you recruit can, in a formative period or at a critical juncture, make a big difference. But, once an institutional culture has become entrenched, it can be easier to see how the institution shapes the people within it than vice versa.
“Wise Gals: The Spies Who Built the CIA and Changed the Future of Espionage” (Putnam), by Nathalia Holt, comes at the question from a different angle. It’s about five women who worked for the early C.I.A.; three also worked at the O.S.S., and one, Eloise Page, began her career as Bill Donovan’s secretary. Holt is also the author of “Rise of the Rocket Girls,” about women in the early years of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and “The Queens of Animation,” about women at the Walt Disney Company. Her book contains fine material for a beautifully art-directed streaming series, with set pieces in postwar Paris, nineteen-fifties Baghdad, and nineteen-seventies Greece, where Page was the C.I.A.’s first woman station chief. It even has a framing device in the form of the “Petticoat Panel,” a working group of C.I.A. women that convened in 1953 to document their unequal pay and treatment. Holt quotes the transcript of the meeting at which the leadership of the agency summarily rejected their findings. Helms, the future director, says, “It is just nonsense for these gals to come on here and think that the government is going to fall apart because their brains aren’t going to be used to the maximum.” (In 1977, Helms was convicted of lying to Congress about the C.I.A.’s machinations in Chile.) What the book is not, unfortunately, is a coherent history of the C.I.A., of the era it depicts, or even of these women’s work.
Holt’s research does turn up evidence that Jane Burrell, one of her subjects, was the first C.I.A. officer to die in the line of duty, in a plane crash in France, in 1948, a fact that the agency itself apparently missed. Holt ends her book with a call for a star honoring Burrell to be added to the C.I.A.’s memorial wall. Of the hundred and thirty-seven officers represented there, she writes, forty-five died accidentally, the majority in plane crashes, meaning that Burrell’s case would be fairly typical. Burrell was on the return leg of a trip to Brussels, where she’d been sent to talk to war-crimes investigators about a mess the C.I.A. had created by relying on an agent who turned out to have worked with the S.S. and was now in custody. In that respect, too, Burrell, who had personally handled the agent, was typical of the C.I.A. (After Burrell vouched for him, the man was released.) The subject of the C.I.A.’s postwar relations with former Nazis—some of whom, like Reinhard Gehlen, it helped to install in West Germany’s new intelligence service—and with collaborationist émigré groups is, no doubt, a morass. Holt, alas, manages to make the story even more garbled than it has to be. In the end, she basically treats the whole sordid episode as a learning experience for the Gals.
The problem is that the agency doesn’t seem to learn much. Holt credits Mary Hutchison with helping to build a network of émigré Ukrainian nationalists. Beginning in 1949, the agency parachuted some of them (including one whom Hutchison apparently distrusted) behind the Soviet border, where they were quickly captured—and repeated the same procedure for a number of years. “Despite the catastrophe, the Ukraine operation would serve as a template moving forward,” Holt writes. “The C.I.A. had more success with back-to-back operations in Iran and Guatemala, where covert action was able to deftly oust leaders considered undesirable.” It’s odd to describe these coups as deft. One of Zegart’s handy lists is of the “unintended consequences” in Iran: “religious extremism, a revolutionary overthrow, the American hostage crisis, severed ties, regional instability, and today’s rising nuclear dangers.” Guatemala is still dealing with the violent legacy of the coup that the C.I.A. visited upon it. Then there’s the question of the intended consequences, which were, respectively, to elevate a shah and a military regime. Secret wars tend not to be so secret in the country where they take place.
It was, no doubt, frustrating for Hutchison when, a few years later, her colleagues on the Bay of Pigs task force failed to make use of her Spanish-language skills. But are we supposed to think that the whole misconceived enterprise would have gone off without a hitch were it not for the C.I.A.’s misogyny? One of Holt’s minor themes is that women in the C.I.A. were seen as more natural analysts than operatives—with analysis, in turn, seen as less manly, and less valuable, to everybody’s detriment. But she is more intent on showing that these women were also daring. The main point of “Wise Gals” is that it’s cool that women were in the early C.I.A., and therefore that the C.I.A. itself was cooler than we’d realized. Holt celebrates a big promotion Page got that afforded her access to the secret of a safe containing shellfish-derived poison. You don’t have to be pale, male, and Yale to be complicit in a bungled assassination plot, or, for that matter, a program of rendition and torture.
Why do so many books about the C.I.A. have trouble getting their story straight? It can’t just be the secrecy of the work itself, at least with regard to the earlier years, about which much has been declassified. (Much remains under wraps: Moynihan complained that classification created more than six million supposed secrets in 1993; Zegart writes that the number in 2016 was fifty-five million—not all of which can possibly have been critical.) The aura of secrecy, by contrast, probably does distort the judgment of its chroniclers. And the scope of the agency’s work is a challenge: it’s hard to write expertly on places as far-ranging as the Democratic Republic of Congo (where the agency initially planned to poison President Patrice Lumumba’s toothpaste, and instead ended up handing a quarter of a million dollars to Joseph Mobutu, the country’s future dictator, who facilitated the assassination) and Afghanistan (where the C.I.A. has had forty years of illusory gains and worse losses). But the biggest problem may be the agency’s own pattern of self-deception. Holt, for example, sometimes seems to go wrong when, rummaging through the archives, she gives too much credit to contemporaneous internal assessments of an agent’s or an operation’s worth.
In truth, the C.I.A. has had a “defining failure” for every decade of its existence—sometimes more than one. For Moynihan, in the nineteen-nineties, it was the lack of foresight about the Soviet Union; in the two-thousands, it was the phantom weapons of mass destruction, followed by torture and, in still evolving ways, by the drone-based program of targeted killings, with its high toll of civilian deaths. Barack Obama’s rapport with John Brennan, the C.I.A.’s director from 2013 to 2017, seems to have brought him to accept the view that the killing of American citizens abroad was acceptable, if managed prudently. The overuse of the agency on the battlefield is due not to a military-manpower shortage but to wishful thinking about the benefits of secrecy and of a lack of accountability.
It’s difficult to know, at this point, what the C.I.A.’s next defining failure—or, if one tries to be optimistic, its stabilizing success—will be. Donald Trump has had a complicated relationship with the intelligence community—increasingly capitalized and abbreviated to I.C.—which is presently conducting a damage assessment regarding documents with classified markings that he kept at Mar-a-Lago, his Florida home. He might, of course, be reëlected, and have the C.I.A.’s tools at his disposal again. If the C.I.A. isn’t the place to turn for an expedient solution to foreign-policy problems, neither is it bound to be the place to turn for a solution to our democracy’s political problems.
“If you ask intelligence officers what misperceptions bother them most, odds are they’ll mention ethics,” Zegart writes. She quotes an official who complains that “people think we’re lawbreakers, we’re human rights violators.” She insists that “officers think about ethics a lot.” She portrays the agency as being filled with hardworking moms and dads who do a great deal of “agonizing.” No doubt she’s right. But if the C.I.A. keeps falling down all the same, something must be tragically amiss in the agency’s structure or culture, or both. All the talk of coups and assassination plots, Zegart worries, distracts people from understanding the C.I.A.’s more basic intelligence mission. In fact, the party most distracted by such activities—and by the military role it has taken on—seems to be the agency itself. ♦
An earlier version of this article misstated the numerical designation of the Space Force unit dedicated to intelligence.
Published in the print edition of the October 10, 2022, issue.
submitted by VolarRecords to UFOs [link] [comments]

2024.05.29 05:47 Heralax_Tekran Finally about to make decent money, but thinking of pivoting completely. What would you do?

I'm a first-time businessman, and I finally got a decent-sized client, but I'm thinking of pivoting from consulting to a targeted product because I have no idea how to niche this practice down and systematize it. Should I pivot?
Some context: I'm four months into doing consulting/contract development, and I've landed my first five-figure client. I'm approaching the point where I'm going to invoice them for the first set of deliverables -- they seem pretty happy with the results so far and I'm confident that this will be a good, lasting arrangement. I've also been able to level up my technical skills, communication ability, and professionalism over the last few months.
But even though I've closed this client (and they aren't even my first paying customer) I'm getting seriously doubtful that I can make this practice a consistent success as it is right now. Why? Well, let me explain by telling you what I do:
The work I do for clients is basically: I train custom LLMs on company information they provide, like a knowledge base or explainers/sales copy. I basically build an AI that is mostly immune to all the mistakes generic AIs make, because they don't understand what they're talking about.
So for instance, my work for an open-source crypto community has seen me train an AI on transformed versions of their help documents and API documentation, so they now have an expert user support bot which can accurately answer questions about their platform. Their lead dev reached out to me with the offer.
The problem: I'm doing something extremely broad, bespoke, and the end customer has to figure out how to use the service to make money themselves.
Even I realize that's *horrible!\*
I've been wrestling with this since the end of April. My clients have been/are a marketing SAAS, a healthcare-related thing, and an open-source crypto community. It's all over the place, and I'm guessing this is because I'm basically selling skills and a broad direction, not an offer. This all came to a head when I was watching a very good business advice video, and the presenter said,
"When the money comes hard, I go easy; when the money comes easy, I go hard."
So I thought, "OK, I haven't been working as hard as I would like to, but I'm still making pretty good money, so that means the money's coming easy with what I'm doing right now. So I should commit to it! I need to take advantage of the AI boom and get rich before university starts again!"
Then I realized,
"How do I actually go hard here?!"
Since I don't have a precise offer, I can't target a precise customer avatar. I can't systematize it to speed up delivery, making that yet another bottleneck. Sales AND delivery is a problem -- right now I need to talk with the customer to figure out what to sell to them. I can't see that working long-term. I know I need a niche... but all my clients are all over the place, and frankly all of their projects were very unique, so I can't see myself making a repeatable service out of any of them.
So I was thinking I need a product. That would allow me to put all my development time in one place to serve many users, and it would simplify leadgen and selling a bit, because I'd be selling the same thing over and over. My initial idea for a product is sort-of similar to the thing I'm doing for the open-source crypto community, but more commercially oriented: I'm thinking of training a sales AI that can educate users about a company's solution, and nudge them to a call to action on a website (e.g., book a call, claim a free subscription). By training it myself I can ensure it's a specialist that reliably follows a sales script, unpretentiously (i.e., without the voice of GPT). Think like one of those intercom help bots, but actually useful, it knows about the products, and it can try to close you.
And with the synthetic data pipeline in place, I'd even be able to, essentially, finetune the model on customers' sales copy to ensure it really understands their product. With no manual work. Every business needs sales, so I could just specialize this into any sub-niche I wanted (sales AI... for XYZ industry!), and actually, finally, have a targeted offer.
Or so I've been thinking. I'm worried that this may be a case of me having the right idea of the problem but the wrong solution. I wracked my brain through May to come up with a solution to niching down my system instead, but I came up with nothing. And while I have this idea for a "custom AI salesman" I have no idea if business owners would actually want to add something like that to their website, or if we're at the point where they'd be like "eww GPT" and turn their nose up.
So, what would you do? Push on consulting or pivot to product? If push, how do I niche this thing? If pivot, is the proposed product a good one or a horribly bad one?
Sincerely appreciate any responses/help.
submitted by Heralax_Tekran to Entrepreneur [link] [comments]

2024.05.29 05:39 Andre3000RPI Yahoo Morning Briefing

Tuesday, May 28 Good morning! Here's our Markets Reporter Josh Schafer with your preview of the abbreviated week ahead.
️ Stocks still near record highs: Stocks closed last week with mixed results as debate about when, or if, the Federal Reserve will cut interest rates continued to be top of mind for investors. But they still stand near record highs. ‌ After a quiet week on the economic data front, a key reading of the Fed's preferred inflation gauge is set to greet investors in the week ahead. A second update on economic growth in the first quarter and a reading on consumer confidence are also on the economic schedule. ‌ On the corporate front, earnings season is officially winding down, with Salesforce, Costco, Dollar General, and Best Buy highlighting a lighter schedule of quarterly reports. What we're watching
Morning Brief is written and edited by Ethan Wolff-Mann. For the web version, click here. Follow all the action throughout the day on Yahoo Finance and on the Yahoo Finance app.
Rate debate: A hotter-than-expected reading on US economic output, combined with a hawkish tone from Fed officials in the minutes of the central bank's May meeting, prompted investors to scale back expectations for interest rate cuts again. Investors are now pricing in fewer than two cuts for the year, and debate has shifted to whether or not the Fed will make its first cut by September. ‌ As of Friday, markets were pricing in a 50% chance the Fed doesn't cut in September, a noted shift from the 70% chance investors had priced in a month ago, per the CME FedWatch tool. ‌ Goldman's chief US economist David Mericle pushed its predicted first cut from July to September, but reasoned that his team still views these cuts as "optional" given the strength of the economy. All else equal, signs of strength in the economy "lessen the urgency" for the Fed to cut, Mericle reasoned. ‌ With earnings season largely over, Truist co-chief investment officer Keith Lerner told Yahoo Finance the discussion around the Fed, inflation, and economic data will once again take center stage for markets in the near term. ‌ "That just makes for a more volatile market," Lerner said. ‌
A fresh check on prices: Inflation's trajectory remains crucial to the Fed's rate-cutting timeline, and markets will get an update on any progress on Friday with the release of the Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) index. ‌ Economists expect April's "core" PCE, the Fed's preferred gauge that excludes the volatile food and energy categories, clocked in at an annual gain of 2.8%, flat from March's increase. Over the prior month, economists expect "core" PCE rose 0.3%, also in line with last month's change. ‌ Another economic growth update: US economic growth for the first quarter of 2024 came in far weaker than economists had expected. On April 25, the Bureau of Economic Analysis's advance estimate of first quarter US gross domestic product showed the economy grew at an annualized pace of 1.6% during the period, missing the 2.5% growth expected by economists surveyed by Bloomberg. ‌
The secondary reading is slated for Thursday, and economists believe after down revisions to retail sales data in February and March, the GDP number will fall to 1.3% in this reading. However, Bank of America US economist Michael Gapen wrote in a note to clients that this shouldn't be an ominous sign about the health of the US economy as final sales to domestic purchasers remains strong.
A solid earnings backdrop for the rest of the year is one of several factors many strategists are citing as they revise up their year-end targets for the S&P 500. ‌ But Deutsche Bank chief equity strategist Binky Chadha told Yahoo Finance while people are "talking bullish," equity positioning hasn't shifted much in the past three months. Deutsche Bank's measure of positioning shows investors are "overweight" equities but not to the "extreme" levels seen in 2021 and 2018.
Chart of the day This is one of several reasons Chadha sees "upside risks" to his updated call for the S&P 500 to end 2024 at 5,500. Chadha believes there could be more room to run for stocks, particularly given that he feels consensus isn't currently pricing in outperformance for the US economy. ‌ Chadha highlights that expectations for the US economy have really just shifted from an incoming recession to at or slightly below normal trend growth. If that consensus continues to move higher, and the US economy once again grows more than expected this year amid what some believe could be a productivity boom for the US labor force, it's not hard to see the S&P 500 hitting 6,000, per Chadha. ‌ "We've come a long way, but we don't seem to have gone all the way," Chadha said.
Tuesday ‌ ‌ ‌ Wednesday ‌ ‌ ‌ Thursday ‌ ‌ ‌ Friday ‌ ‌ Earnings and economic calendar Economic data: S&P CoreLogic Case-Shiller National Home Price Index year-over-year, March (+6.38% prior); Conference Board Consumer Confidence, May (96 expected, 97 prior); Dallas Fed manufacturing activity, May (-15 expected, -14.5 prior)
Earnings: Box (BOX), Cava (CAVA) Economic data: MBA Mortgage Applications, week ending May 24 (+1.9% prior); Richmond Fed manufacturing index, May (-7); Federal Reserve releases Beige Book Earnings: Abercrombie & Fitch (ANF), Advance Auto Parts (AAP), American Eagle (AEO), BMO (BMO), C3.ai (AI), Chewy (CHWY), Dick's Sporting Goods (DKS), HP (HPQ), Okta (OKTA), Salesforce (CRM)
Economic data: First quarter GDP, second estimate (1.3% annualized rate expected, +1.6% previously); First quarter personal consumption, second estimate (+2.1% expected, 2.5% previously); Initial jobless claims, week ended May 25 (218,000 expected, 215,000 previously); Pending home sales, month-over-month, April (-0.6% expected, +3.4% previously); Wholesale inventories month-over-month April preliminary (-0.1% expected, -0.4% previously) Earnings: Best Buy (BBY), Birkenstock (BIRK), Build-a-Bear Workshop (BBW), Burlington Stores (BURL), Canopy Growth (CGC), Costco (COST), Dollar General (DG), Foot Locker (FL), Hormel Foods (HRL), Kohl's (KSS), Marvell Technology (MRVL), MongoDB (MDB), Ulta Beauty (ULTA), Zscaler (ZS)
Economic data: Personal income, month-over-month, April (+0.3% expected, +0.5% previously); Personal spending, month-over-month, April (+0.3% expected, +0.8% previously); PCE inflation, month-over-month, April (+0.3% expected, +0.3% previously); PCE inflation, year-over-year, April (+2.7% expected, +2.7% previously); "Core" PCE, month-over-month, April (+0.3% expected, +0.3% previously); "Core" PCE, year-over-year, April (+2.8% expected; +2.8% previously) Earnings: BRP (DOO.TO)
submitted by Andre3000RPI to DeercreekvolsBlog [link] [comments]

2024.05.29 03:00 B1NARYtruther Fortnite® Lego® - Flashing Slot Glitch *v29.40* *working AFK-method*

Fortnite® Lego® - Flashing Slot Glitch *v29.40* *working AFK-method*
https://preview.redd.it/ainpifznj93d1.png?width=626&format=png&auto=webp&s=ccb8379dccf237dfb86649f8cb0b4e8c6acdf93e
>> Flashing Slots Videoproof <<
https://streamable.com/0ntdb1
Some of you may remember this glitch from version 29.30. Today, after hours of testing and experimenting with various methods, I optimized the glitch and simplified it as much as possible.
.:RIP GLITCHES:.
  • AFK Idle Hovering
  • Jumppad Glitch
  • Jumppad Ceiling Glitch
  • Campfire Glitch
  • Lava Glitch
\*This Glitch was tested on a PS4 Pro CUH-7116B with an V2 Controller. I got max. XP / 5 Levels in total, every 10min=24.000 XP
.:PREPARATION:.
You can choose your own best Method for attaching Buttons and Triggers.
  • Ducttape (like Tesa or other Industrial Tapes)
  • Rubberband's
  • Real Legoparts
.:STEP BY STEP INSTRUCTION:.
(SKIP to Number 7 if you know this Glitch from v29.30 and already have a customized Sandbox World with a Quad)
  1. Create a NEW Sandbox-World
  2. Change all Settings to "OFF" (to be on the Safe Side)
  3. Search for a free place with a minimum of Trees and/or Rocks...
  4. Go in the Building Menu (Arrow Up for PS4/5, XBOX)
  5. Go in the Cars-Section and build the Quad
  6. After finishing the build, change the front right Wheel Direction
  7. Now take a Seat, you will now see three Slots in the bottom Right
  8. Press all three Slot-Buttons and fix them with the preparation-tool of your choice
.:SLOT BUTTONS PS4 & PS5:. PS4: https://ibb.co/HTsPjYB PS5: https://ibb.co/2n8CPgG .:SLOT BUTTONS XBOX:. XBOX: https://ibb.co/nByddZ9
  1. Then open the "MAP"-menu PS4: https://ibb.co/TkfX103 PS5: https://ibb.co/mFyGyVY XBOX: https://ibb.co/qDbPcWz
  2. Close the"Map"-Menu with the same Button
  3. One or more Slots starts to flash that indicates that the Glitch now is active
  4. Now press the Accleration-Trigger on your Controller and fix it with the preparation-tool of your choice.
.:EXAMPLES:. Ducttape: https://ibb.co/Vm13YDd or https://ibb.co/0fJsBgH Rubberband: https://ibb.co/bJ3Wjqb Lego Parts: https://ibb.co/q5YR0QQ, https://ibb.co/HN0FtZY, https://ibb.co/b6Q5dWm, https://ibb.co/RYPYBRd, https://ibb.co/17vtsqF
.:IN-GAME VIDEO STEP-BY-STEP:. >> Full Video Instruction <<
https://streamable.com/8qk9ix
Please leave a comment to verifiy this Glitch
.:CHANGES:.
  • You don't need No Rubberband anymore for the left Stick. Accleration-Trigger only. No more unnecessary "Stickdrift"
  • You also can press only one Button to trigger the "Flashing Slot"-Glitch. But to be sure that everything works fine, you can leave all buttons pressed as a precaution.
.:QUESTIONS & ANSWERS:.
  • Do i have to build the Quad? Yes and No, you need a Car to get the Inventar-Slots in the bottom right but you also can build the bigger Cars but its more time to build. :)
  • Does it work on PC also? I can't test it for myself but it should work. There are two Options. 1) Look for the Keybindings and press them with any Material you have at home. 2) If you have an Xbox-Controller or other than use the Controller for AFK'ing in Lego on PC.
  • What if i'm stuck? That's no Problem, even if the Car gets stuck by a Tree the Glitch still works.
  • Did i have to press the Accleration-trigger? Yes, i've tested it without driving but after 15min i got a Idle-Warning.
This Glitch is a combination of the flashing which the mechanics detect as human and the part of driving in the same time. This only works together
.:THANKS TO:.
...all Redditors who found out new Ways to Bypass Epic's AFK Detection and all who contributes ways / tutorials / guides that we all can farm XP as fast as possible.
Reddit: 1 <> Epic: 0
Best Regards from Germany //B1NARY
submitted by B1NARYtruther to FortniteXPMaps [link] [comments]

2024.05.29 02:16 Cmdoch Finance in Oil and Gas. My Reply to the Questions!

Right everyone, I must thank the literal hundreds of people who have DM’d me off the back of a couple of comments I’ve made the last few days on posts! I'm hoping that this post will give a bit of clarity to the people who have asked me questions! Also, must apologise I am dyslexic so please give me a break if my punctuation is off haha.
Background -
In 2021 I got an internship at JPM, did a great job and was offered a role on the graduate scheme. I worked in investment services and quickly found out jpm is such a well-oiled machine that there is a team for every single layer of the department. I was placed in Investment services but in the projects team which I wasn’t interested in and was told to work in the market stuff I’d have to grind for 3-4 years. Just FYI I wanted to get into high finance, more specifically trading but knew it would be mega competitive so thought I'd get my foot in the door by going into the support functions.
I loved my time at JPM and I met such awesome people there but there was always something about the rest of my cohort that I just couldn’t gel with. I'm from a working-class family and saw my parents struggle a lot when I was younger. I watched my dad slowly deteriorate until he had a full-blown mental breakdown and never got help for it after and my mother had been on antidepressants since her brother killed himself like 20 years ago and thought she could occasionally come off the tablets which made the home environment real tough. I also don’t have siblings or cousins so I felt so alone during those times. Going back to the people their troubles were so much different to mine and I found it hard to fit in with their lifestyles. ( this is important later).
Anyway, looking into how I could transfer my skills while getting exposure to what I wanted to do which was market work I found out that large industries which have business all over the world require a lot of different currencies, which brought me to oil and gas. I started researching different functions within the industry and found that two very specific departments would offer me that exposure!
Treasury-
looking after the company's cash levels and supplying different currencies when required. This role was marketed to me as a varied role which included FX, market and economic analysis. This would then be used to make decisions on when to purchase, sell or hedge a certain currency. It also involves M&A, board-level presentations and pitches.
Corporate Development -
they look at M&A opportunities constantly, they also look at asset management and can put forward option contracts to different companies for rights to drill in a certain well in exchange for that company getting to drill in their well for some time. Or even simpler. Both companies stay in their wells and just option their revenue for that well. They also work on competitor analysis for earnings calls and shareholder meetings.
I was offered the role of treasury analyst one year ago and have never looked back! I have in the last year worked on Fx, market and economic analysis, trading FX, Hedging FX, and Options, and even been part of a billion-pound merger. All of this with just 1.5 years of experience! I literally would have never gotten this experience if I had stayed at JPM as I'd have been stuck in one team doing one of those functions.
What people have been asking
Where do I live?
I currently live in Aberdeen, Scotland. Aberdeen is one of the O&G capitals of the world with every big name you can think of having a head office of sorts here. We also have thousands of other O&G companies you will have never heard of. Aberdeen is also home to the Big 4 accounting and Big 4 law firms. Several investment banks, wealth management, asset management and pension firms.
Why do I live in Aberdeen?
I was born here and saw what riches the O&G industry could give people. What is also a great opportunity with Aberdeen is that there is a serious shortage of people to work in these firms because the media has been stating for years and years “just five more years left in the oil industry”. This means that you can leverage much higher wages. I’m currently earning well over the national average wage with 2.5 years of experience and could leave my firm tomorrow and get a 10% pay rise down the road.
Another reason. Property is very very cheap here. With the oil boom from the 80’s to 2010 hundreds of thousands of properties were built here and in 2015 people were paying 300,400,500k just for an average flat/apartment because there was so much demand. However, in 2016 there was a huge oil crash and there were thousands of redundancies. This scared off the youth to safer industries. However, this means that there are more properties than people who want to buy at the moment I recently at 26 just bought a two-bed, 70 sqm flat for 113k in the west end next to Michelin-star restaurants, high-class wine bars and that sort of scene. I'm betting the house that Aberdeen makes its return with the renewable sector as well as the oil market growing further. Recently Aberdeen was selected to have the world's largest floating wind farm built starting in the next few years. That is thousands of jobs, people moving here for the construction and then the maintenance. There is also an energy plant being built 35 miles away which needs another 11k people to operate it.
Schedule and benefits -
I work 37.5 hours per week, 8 am - 5 pm mon-thur and 9-1 pm Friday.
35 days holiday plus a further 5 days at Xmas and new year
All health benefits included
8.5% pension from employer and I add 1.5% also.
Wages are different everywhere but as someone junior, I make more than I did in banking.
I go to the office 2/3 days per week
How I got the job -
I had random recruiters message me which prompted me to look into other recruitment firms and apply for every single one of them in my city. They promptly set up calls with me and then I proceeded to get applications left right and centre.
Qualifications -
I have an undergraduate degree in finance and real estate and a diploma in law. However, all qualifications are considered.
What roles should you look for that cover trading, derivatives and M&A-
The two departments you will find these roles and Treasury and Corporate Development
The roles to look for are Treasury, market, financial, finance, and data analyst.
Extra tip - a lot of O&G companies have not changed title names for years like since the 80’s. So look for titles with assistants in them, they are referring to analysts. Once you’re in our you can get her to alter your title. Mine was an accounting assistant. I then got a treasury analyst. My role has nothing to do with accounting.
What other roles are there in O&G?-
Well, there are two sectors onshore and offshore. Onshore is office-based and offshore is site-based.
Onshore you have finance, treasury, CD, tax, legal, audit, accounts, and sales. All that sort of business. I will also say Audit is another interesting one. One of my mates is constantly setting off to Dubai, Saudi, Oman, Chile, Colombia, and Peru all for work, all business class and all 4-5 star hotels (unless they are on base).
Offshore you have account controllers, finance managers, and rig supervisors. You can see for yourself online. These lots get paid extremely well. 3-4 times what you get onshore, however you will live on a boat or an oil rig for 6 months a year, but get the other 6 months at home without having to work.
What companies to look for -
I'd stay clear of the huge firms, they will be the same as banking. A team working on one specific area in the department so your exposure will be much less. Look for small to mid-sized firms. I'm at s small/mid firm with 11k employees and a revenue of around 3 billion per year.
Genuinely, you don’t need to look for the companies, the companies will look for you if you get with a recruiter.
What level can you come in at -
Most places offer internships, grad programs, junior roles, mid roles and senior roles. One of my mates was a manager at a coffee shop for 5 years and did an accelerated uni course to get the minimum qualifications to get an interview. He now tenders bids for international contracts. They love a career switch because you’re fresh and not burnt out! If you can show you can handle your workload and think you’re a good fit you will find a job.
What If I think my finance background isn’t relevant (insurance) -
Whatever you think about your background you can spin it on your CV. I’m not talking about lying but just making the bits which are more important prettier. Most corporate functions are the same. Can you time keep? Can you juggle multiple jobs? Hit deadlines etc. If you can you then apply! Explain you have had an interest for some time and that you want to make a career switch. Then list your strengths and apply them to the role! You will be successful if you want it.
Are there many trading opportunities in this industry? -
Yes and No. The larger firms will likely have full teams like in banks, sitting in London. They will have an fx team, commodity team, derivative team etc. They will be revenue-driving teams! Whereas small to medium-sized firms will have one/two departments doing all of the above but trading for risk mitigation. This means that there is severely less stress on the team to lock in trades! However, you still get the same experience as the market lot but can enjoy your life! Haha. Smaller companies might not be able to fulfil this sort of role and will likely just take losses on straight trades.
Do I need to know about oil and gas to get a job in the industry? -
NO! I knew nothing before joining. I knew about finance and that was that. However, after a year of being there, I have picked up so much to do with the industry. So moving forward if I go to PE or something I will bring banking, trading and energy knowledge which is more than someone who works on the markets desk at JPM.
Can I move to Aberdeen from a different country? -
Yes! And I'd encourage it. In Aberdeen, we have large communities of Americans, Canadians southern Americans, Europeans, Africans, and middle eastern ppl. There is a huge emphasis on bringing outside talent to the city and we have a great integrated and diverse city. I say it like that because I know in larger cities there can be a lot of segregation of certain races and communities. However, in Aberdeen, there is a greater tolerance for internationals because we all bring something different to the table. The people I have met on nights out have been incredible. Helicopter pilots from Nigeria, underwater welders from Peru, and ultra depth divers from iceland. Its a one in a million place where everyone gets along and everyone makes a shit land of money so there is no divide! I've been to every celebration of every religion, I’ve eaten at the table of every race and by the end, it's nothing but respect.
Cost of living in Scotland - my experience -
Considerably less than a lot of other western countries. I’m 6’5 240lb and my weekly food shop is £50-£60. My mortgage is £500 per month, utilities another couple hundred, cars I own three with no debt. You can buy a 2018 range rover here for less than 45k. Aberdeen also has the highest level of disposable income in the uk. If you want to find out more about Aberdeen check out aberdeen. We have beaches, shopping malls, great food, great bars less than two hours from some amazing ski slopes in the winter too.
Hopefully, I have covered most questions. If anyone wants to add me on LinkedIn just dm me and send your link!
If you want me to answer any more questions just comment below and I will reply.
submitted by Cmdoch to FinancialCareers [link] [comments]

2024.05.28 22:14 TheHighCA Why is Gemini advanced failing to answer my questions? I have been facing this issue a lot lately. Anyone else facing similar problems?

Why is Gemini advanced failing to answer my questions? I have been facing this issue a lot lately. Anyone else facing similar problems?
From the past week, if I try to ask questions frequently, it just gives up and asks me to Google things.. anyone else facing this issue?
submitted by TheHighCA to GoogleGeminiAI [link] [comments]

2024.05.28 21:46 Evelynremirez Online Stat Helper for Factor Analysis Help Reddit Online Factor Analysis Course Class Help Reddit do my online assignment homework for Factor Analysis Reddit Pay someone to take my Factor Analysis Course class assignment homework Reddit Chemistry Physics Biology Helper for Hire Online Reddit

If You're struggling to handle your Online Exams, Assignments or any other coursework, get help from Hiraedu and pay after the exam. Contact details for Hiraedu is: WhatsApp: +1 (213) 594-5657 OR Call: +1 727 456 9641
ASSESSMENTS I CAN COMPLETE:
MY MATH SUBJECTS OF EXPERTISE:
I am very knowledgeable and proficient in assisting students in a wide range of mathematics classes. I can help students complete their homework assignments and other projects get an A on quizzes, tests, and exams (including proctored assessments) answer online discussion posts write essays & papers in MLA APA Chicago format and provide general overall academic help in each math course listed below:
STATISTICS HELP (MY BEST SUBJECT):
ALGEBRA HELP:
CALCULUS HELP:
Paid Help from Hiraedu: If You're struggling to handle your Online Exams, Assignments or any other coursework, get help from Hiraedu and pay after the exam. Contact details for Hiraedu is: WhatsApp: +1 (213) 594-5657 OR Call: +1 727 456 9641
ATTRIBUTES THAT SET ME APART FROM OTHER TUTORS:
I CAN AID STUDENTS TAKING PROCTORED ASSESSMENTS:
I CAN VERIFY MY ACADEMIC KNOWLEDGE & SKILLS:
I HAVE PAID ACCESS TO OVER 15 STUDY-HELP WEBSITES AND MATHEMATICAL SOFTWARE:
MY AVAILABILITY & RELIABILITY:
MY EDUCATIONAL SOFTWARE OF EXPERTISE:
SCHOOLS FROM WHICH I'VE HELPED STUDENTS IN :
As of 2021, I have tutored and helped students enrolled at the following U.S. universities community colleges county & city colleges schools for-profit institutions listed below in alphabetical order:
Paid Help from Hiraedu: If You're struggling to handle your Online Exams, Assignments or any other coursework, get help from Hiraedu and pay after the exam. Contact details for Hiraedu is: WhatsApp: +1 (213) 594-5657 OR Call: +1 727 456 9641
I OFFER FLEXIBLE PAYMENT PLANS:
TUTORING AVAILABLE FOR OTHER SUBJECTS:
THE OBLIGATORY "IS THIS A SCAM?" QUESTION:
Considering the fact that you found my contact information online, it’s understandable to be skeptical regarding the legitimacy of my services. Therefore, I’m willing to do all of the following to help you feel more secure in trusting me with your academic needs:
MY REBUTTAL TO THE OBLIGATORY “IS THIS A SCAM?” QUESTION:
At the risk of sounding arrogant, I consider myself to be at least marginally more intelligent (both academically & socially) than the average person. Therefore, if I ever decided to suddenly risk prison time, risk my reputation, and risk enduring the wrath of modern-day “cancel culture” by scamming people out of their money:
HOW TO CONTACT ME:
Paid Help from Hiraedu: If You're struggling to handle your Online Exams, Assignments or any other coursework, get help from Hiraedu and pay after the exam. Contact details for Hiraedu is: WhatsApp: +1 (213) 594-5657 OR Call: +1 727 456 9641
My contact details:
WhatsApp: +1 (213) 594-5657
Call: +1 727 456 9641
Website: hiraedu. com
Email: [info@hiraedu](mailto:info@hiraedu). com
What are your Thoughts! Write in comments and ask for help if needed
Suggest more topic Ideas
Join this subreddit to help us grow!
submitted by Evelynremirez to Statisticshelpers_ [link] [comments]

2024.05.28 21:39 ccna_cisco Principal Component Analysis (PCA) Helper for Online Help Reddit Pay someone to do my PCA Exam Test reddit Pay someone to take my PCA Course class reddit Take my PCA Homework Assignment reddit Online course takers for Hire Reddit Class Taker for Hire Reddit Online PCA Assignment Reddit

If You're struggling to handle your Online Exams, Assignments or any other coursework, get help from Hiraedu and pay after the exam. Contact details for Hiraedu is: WhatsApp: +1 (213) 594-5657 OR Call: +1 727 456 9641
ASSESSMENTS I CAN COMPLETE:
MY MATH SUBJECTS OF EXPERTISE:
I am very knowledgeable and proficient in assisting students in a wide range of mathematics classes. I can help students complete their homework assignments and other projects get an A on quizzes, tests, and exams (including proctored assessments) answer online discussion posts write essays & papers in MLA APA Chicago format and provide general overall academic help in each math course listed below:
STATISTICS HELP (MY BEST SUBJECT):
ALGEBRA HELP:
CALCULUS HELP:
Paid Help from Hiraedu: If You're struggling to handle your Online Exams, Assignments or any other coursework, get help from Hiraedu and pay after the exam. Contact details for Hiraedu is: WhatsApp: +1 (213) 594-5657 OR Call: +1 727 456 9641
ATTRIBUTES THAT SET ME APART FROM OTHER TUTORS:
I CAN AID STUDENTS TAKING PROCTORED ASSESSMENTS:
I CAN VERIFY MY ACADEMIC KNOWLEDGE & SKILLS:
I HAVE PAID ACCESS TO OVER 15 STUDY-HELP WEBSITES AND MATHEMATICAL SOFTWARE:
MY AVAILABILITY & RELIABILITY:
MY EDUCATIONAL SOFTWARE OF EXPERTISE:
SCHOOLS FROM WHICH I'VE HELPED STUDENTS IN :
As of 2021, I have tutored and helped students enrolled at the following U.S. universities community colleges county & city colleges schools for-profit institutions listed below in alphabetical order:
Paid Help from Hiraedu: If You're struggling to handle your Online Exams, Assignments or any other coursework, get help from Hiraedu and pay after the exam. Contact details for Hiraedu is: WhatsApp: +1 (213) 594-5657 OR Call: +1 727 456 9641
I OFFER FLEXIBLE PAYMENT PLANS:
TUTORING AVAILABLE FOR OTHER SUBJECTS:
THE OBLIGATORY "IS THIS A SCAM?" QUESTION:
Considering the fact that you found my contact information online, it’s understandable to be skeptical regarding the legitimacy of my services. Therefore, I’m willing to do all of the following to help you feel more secure in trusting me with your academic needs:
MY REBUTTAL TO THE OBLIGATORY “IS THIS A SCAM?” QUESTION:
At the risk of sounding arrogant, I consider myself to be at least marginally more intelligent (both academically & socially) than the average person. Therefore, if I ever decided to suddenly risk prison time, risk my reputation, and risk enduring the wrath of modern-day “cancel culture” by scamming people out of their money:
HOW TO CONTACT ME:
Paid Help from Hiraedu: If You're struggling to handle your Online Exams, Assignments or any other coursework, get help from Hiraedu and pay after the exam. Contact details for Hiraedu is: WhatsApp: +1 (213) 594-5657 OR Call: +1 727 456 9641
My contact details:
WhatsApp: +1 (213) 594-5657
Call: +1 727 456 9641
Website: hiraedu. com
Email: [info@hiraedu](mailto:info@hiraedu). com
TAGS:
Accounting Exam Help Reddit, Best Online Test Takers Reddit, Best Ways to Cheat on a Test Reddit, Best Website to Pay for Homework Reddit, Bypass Respondus Lockdown Browser Reddit, Calculus Test Taker Reddit, Canvas Cheating Reddit, Cheating in Online Exam Reddit, Cheating on Pearson Mymathlab Reddit, Cheating on Proctortrack Reddit, Cheating on Zoom Proctored Exams Reddit, Cheating on a Test Reddit, College Algebra Mymathlab Reddit, Do Homework for Money Reddit, Do My Assignment Reddit, Do My Exam for Me Reddit, Do My Homework for Me Reddit, Do My Math Homework Reddit, Do My Math Homework for Me Reddit, Do My Test for Me Reddit, Doing Homework Reddit, Domyhomework Reddit, Exam Cheating Reddit, Exam Help Online Reddit, Examity Reddit, Finance Homework Help Reddit, Fiverr Exam Cheating Reddit, Gradeseekers Reddit, Hire Someone to Take My Online Exam Reddit, Hire Test Taker Reddit, Homework Help Reddit, Homework Sites Reddit, Reddit, Homeworkhelp Reddit, Honorlock Reddit, How Much Should I Pay Someone to Take My Exam Reddit, How to Beat Honorlock Reddit, How to Beat Lockdown Browser Reddit, How to Cheat Examity Reddit 2022, How to Cheat Honorlock Reddit, How to Cheat and Not Get Caught Reddit, How to Cheat in School Reddit, How to Cheat on Canvas Tests Reddit, How to Cheat on Examity Reddit, How to Cheat on Honorlock Reddit, How to Cheat on Math Test Reddit, How to Cheat on Mymathlab Reddit, How to Cheat on Online Exams Reddit, How to Cheat on Online Proctored Exams Reddit, How to Cheat on Zoom Exam Reddit, How to Cheat on Zoom Exams Reddit, How to Cheat on a Proctored Exam Reddit, How to Cheat with Proctorio 2020 Reddit, How to Cheat with Proctorio Reddit, How to Cheat with Respondus Monitor Reddit, How to Get Past Lockdown Browser Reddit, Hwforcash Discord, I Paid Someone to Write My Essay Reddit, Is Hwforcash Legit, Lockdown Browser Hack Reddit, Lockdown Browser How to Cheat Reddit, Math Homework Reddit, Monitoredu Reddit, Mymathlab Answer Key Reddit, Mymathlab Answers Reddit, Mymathlab Cheat Reddit, Mymathlab Proctored Test Reddit, Online Exam Help Reddit, Online Exam Proctor Reddit, Online Proctored Exam Reddit, Organic Chemistry Exam Help Reddit, Organic Chemistry Test Taker Reddit, Paper Writers Reddit, Pay Me to Do Your Homework Reddit, Pay Me to Do Your Homework Reviews Reddit, Pay Someone to Do Homework Reddit, Pay Someone to Do My Assignment Reddit, Pay Someone to Do My College Homework Reddit, Pay Someone to Do My Homework Reddit, Pay Someone to Do My Math Homework Reddit, Pay Someone to Do My Online Class Reddit, Pay Someone to Do My Online Math Class Reddit, Pay Someone to Do My Programming Homework Reddit, Pay Someone to Do Statistics Homework Reddit, Pay Someone to Take Exam Reddit, Pay Someone to Take Exam for Me Reddit, Pay Someone to Take My Calculus Exam Reddit, Pay Someone to Take My Chemistry Exam Reddit, Pay Someone to Take My Exam Reddit, Pay Someone to Take My Online Class Reddit, Pay Someone to Take My Online Exam Reddit, Pay Someone to Take My Proctored Exam Reddit, Pay Someone to Take My Test in Person Reddit, Pay Someone to Take Online Class for Me Reddit, Pay Someone to Take Online Test Reddit, Pay Someone to Take Your Online Class Reddit, Pay Someone to Write My Paper Reddit, Pay for Homework Reddit, Pay to Do Homework Reddit, Paying Someone to Do Your Homework Reddit, Paying Someone to Take My Online Class Reddit, Paying Someone to Take Online Class Reddit, Paysomeonetodo Reddit, Physics Test Taker Reddit, Proctored Exam Reddit, Reddit Do My Homework for Me, Reddit Domyhomework, Reddit Homework Cheat, Reddit Homework Help, Reddit Homework for Money, Reddit Honorlock Cheating, Reddit Mymathlab Hack, Reddit Mymathlab Homework Answers, Reddit Paid Homework, Reddit Pay Someone to Do Your Homework, Reddit Pay Someone to Take Online Test, Reddit Pay for Homework, Reddit Pay to Do Homework, Reddit Test Takers for Hire, Reddit Tutors, Should I Pay Someone to Take My Exam Reddit, Statistics Test Taker Reddit, Take My Calculus Exam Reddit, Take My Class Pro Reddit, Take My Class Pro Reviews Reddit, Take My Exam for Me Reddit, Take My Math Test for Me Reddit, Take My Online Class Reddit, Take My Online Class for Me Reddit, Take My Online Exam for Me Reddit, Take My Online Exams Reddit, Take My Online Exams Review Reddit, Take My Online Exams Reviews Reddit, Take My Online Test Reddit, Take My Online Test for Me Reddit, Take My Physics Exam for Me Reddit, Take My Proctored Exam for Me Reddit, Take My Statistics Exam for Me Reddit, Take My Test for Me Reddit, Takemyonlineexams Reddit, Test Taker Reddit, We Take Classes Reddit, Write My Exam for Me Reddit
What are your Thoughts! Write in comments and ask for help if needed
Suggest more topic Ideas
Join this subreddit to help us grow!
submitted by ccna_cisco to Statisticshelpers_ [link] [comments]

2024.05.28 21:09 zipwars 365 days, 1,500 hours

I wrote this post in Spanish and let Google Translate transform it into this version, then I made minor edits. If you prefer, you can read it in Spanish here.
Lately, there are a lot of new members in the level 7 club. I'm happy to add my update post as well.
My journey here. (You can skip this part unless you want to get some perspective on what 1,500 hours is.)
I started my journey with Dreaming Spanish on May 31, 2023. I gave myself 150 credit hours and looking back, it was the right decision. I watched all the Beginner level videos in order of time. Therefore, I was very close to level 4 before watching Intermediate level videos which, too, was a good decision. My transition to Intermediate videos was pretty easy.
Then, like the Beginner videos, I also watched all the Intermediate videos in date order. It was a strange experience. It was like going back in time where I knew Pablo's future as it unfolded. Somewhere along this stretch, the improved difficulty system came out. So when I started with the Advanced videos, I watched them in order from easy to difficult. Nowadays, I would recommend everyone to watch all videos like this.
I reached 1,500 hours on May 20 of this year. Since October 1st, I have watched 5 hours each day. According to Dreaming Spanish and my notes there, these hours include, among others:
Not counted in these hours are:
And if that were not enough, I also did these things:
How do I align with the roadmap?
I'm pretty comfortable with videos, books, and articles but, to be honest, I haven't tried many non-dubbed movies or series. I am going to live in Spain starting in July, so my goal has been to be able to carry out all daily tasks without problems. Now I feel ready to move, and I think I'll improve fluency very quickly once I'm there. I wanted to have a B2 level before moving, and I think I have it, although I didn't take any exams. In less than a year I want to pass a C1 level exam.
After more than 160 hours of classes with a teacher, I feel very comfortable speaking, even expressing complex ideas. But I make a lot of mistakes. I'm curious to see how it goes in Spain outside of the classroom. I also think I have to improve pronunciation and prosody. I will try to find a speaking teacher who teaches in-person classes.
Thoughts and advice
For me, I learn more, with much less effort and without getting bored or distracted if I am honestly interested in the video: the topic and the presenter. It's a lesson I wish I had learned earlier. I watched all the Beginner and Intermediate level videos, and I'm glad I did. But I had a hard time watching some of the Advanced level videos that I had no interest in. I finally filtered out two guides who, to me, are boring. The difference in my days was drastic, they were much better.
I still watch all the new videos every day, even the Superbeginner ones. And I continue to learn from them. Pablo's advice to watch videos that appear too easy is really good.
I studied grammar from the beginning because I like to study rules and logic. Therefore, I have few problems with conjugation and such. However, I think I think too much when I'm speaking and I think this makes my fluency worse. I hope it improves when I'm in more dynamic situations. If I learn another language (maybe Brazilian Portuguese), I will try to be a purist with comprehensible input.
At last
This post is already too long, but I want to say that the Dreaming Spanish community on Reddit is fantastic. Thank you to everyone who comments here with all the tips, questions, answers, and success stories. I hope to have interesting stories from Spain to share and, one day, another milestone post when I pass the DELE level C1 exam.
[It's interesting to see where my Spanish writing abilities fall short of the meaning and nuance I tried to convey. At this point in my acquisition of Spanish, writing helps me solidly lock in vocabulary and grammar faster than listening, talking, or reading. But I make a ton of "simple" mistakes with gender and plural matching.]
submitted by zipwars to dreamingspanish [link] [comments]

2024.05.28 20:13 AcceptablePapaya184 If a reader or hermit had these powers how powerful would they be and which pathway do it benefit more ?

Essence Of The Magus. (Nasuverse) • It's a beautiful multicolored liquid that, despite everything, keeps changing to new and innovative colors never seen before, it's very mysterious. • You have a natural body, this means that you are the pinnacle of what the human body has to offer in all its shapes and sizes, you are beautiful and as time goes by those traits will only improve, whether you want the strong beauty of muscles or the very delicacy and fragility of a lily, this will be inclined to your desires and requests, so you will undoubtedly be beautiful to your own preferences and desires, even affect the color of your hair or how your eyes will be, and all this without lowering the capabilities of the human body, with reflexes and senses superior to anyone else, your body is the pinnacle and is always improving to reach new heights, this will always be naturally so no one will suspect anything, everything is decided if you want to stay as you are or become the summit of the body of the human being. • You will always be seen in full elegance, maintaining unparalleled grace and balance, you could be associated with a machine before such a detailed display of pinpoint accuracy, you are graceful and gifted with an overwhelming presence and unmatched charisma, expect to have many admirers unless you voluntarily turn it off or mitigate it, and if you consciously use it to its full force don't expect there will be anyone with enough willpower to resist you, you are nobility in every concept of the word, maybe you will get some title like Lorelei Barthomeloi and her title of 'The Queen Of The Clock Tower' or 'The Queen' for short. • Furthermore, you have what would poetically be called 'The Will To Shatter The Stars'. There is no difficulty, no degree of opposition and no level of pain or suffering that can intimidate your intentions, once you make up your mind about something. You can do this all day long and never stop doing it, except by your own conscious choice. Forget mere 'maximum human' willpower, you are absolutely unbreakable. While remaining mentally flexible enough to not be a stubborn idiot, of course. • Your body can not be infected by any being, supernatural or not, you can not be controlled or damaged by both mental and spiritual means, your body is an immovable fortress, your mind to a library masterfully ordered and maintained, your soul is a perpetual sanctuary you can repeat as many times the change of body as Roa or do something with worms as Zouken and your soul will remain the same, you could say that it is a perfect soul for sorcery, beware, the third magic will be and will remain better by far, your soul is something that will remain the same in the face of the most extreme things, but it is not the true immortality that is the third magic, unless you dedicate your research skills to change that. • Mentally, you are able to modify and alter your mind, you can program your mind to react to whatever you want however you want, leaving mental triggers to move before they react is possible, molding it to create a disguise of some different personality is possible, you can even affect their feelings achieving a masterful mask, creating a state with a completely different personality and state of mind is easy, in case you are not sure how to mold your mind without changing you can leave safety countermeasures to go back to any previous state, if a certain thought or situation happens, you are a magician and as such, your masks to fool others are the best, if you use them wisely you could be in your best state to fight or go into a disguise that even Sherlock himself could not discover, this will not affect your will, and you cannot end up as a brain-dead fool by accident, unless that is your disguise. • A little advice, stay away from the eyes of Atlas, those alchemists will see the holy grail or the root itself, if they get to know what kind of body type you have, you will be a very wet dream for any of their researchers, they even have a motto that fits. “It's easy to get into Atlas, but impossible to get out.” • If I were you, I'd be careful with the gods, a body like yours would have them drooling or hating you, it's funny how you don't know which one is worse, it all depends on which gods notice you, god forbid, the Greeks, although they might not even come close because they're admiring you. • The reason for a mind like you have, is to hide the default personality you have as a magus, a cold being, without morals or ethics, who can do anything, this part of you will make the machines see you as the typical sentimental people, it doesn't take much to scare people in that state, people will wonder what the hell you are, what kind of being is hiding under that disguise of flesh you call skin, you can always change it if you want, although you can always hide it, your mind can never be taken advantage of by anyone other than you. • You can choose to have the potential to have true magic, you decide if you only want one or all five in total, you can decide if you want to reach them through research, that being the case you can get creative about how you carry out your research to play true magic, and, it can help you later, this is more of an option than anything else, if you want, you can appear as a user of the five true magics, although it is not said that there will be no questions of how the hell did that happen, you have a complete control of the true magics, and you know both its maximum capabilities and the smallest details about its operation. • The first magic “Denial Of Nothingness”: The first true magic, known as “The Denial Of Nothingness”, is related to the generation of an ether clusters, this includes the creation of matter and energy from nothing and the total destruction of matter and energy in nothing, the clusters of ether are conductors of magical energy. • The second magic “Kaleidoscope”: The second true magic, known as the ”Kaleidoscope” or the “Parallel Worlds Operation”, this includes traveling to alternate worlds, time travel, space-time manipulation and the ability to decide whether timelines are 'canon' or not, you can be creative how you use this, it's not too far-fetched to overlay different dimensions to play with the environment or use unlimited energy from all your universe versions to make a giant energy cannon, the only thing that What stops you is the creativity of how you could use it, you will have to be attentive because interacting with the dimensions and being able to observe everything that the multiverse can be, it can be a bit maddening, you will be protected in any way, but do not expect it to be a very happy, the dimensions have some that can make any person quite crazy, just look how his previous bearer was with the magical girls. • The third magic “Heaven's Feel”: The Third True Magic, known as the “Touch Of Heaven” or the “Manifestation Of The Soul”. This stops the inevitable dispersal of the soul once it no longer has an anchor in the world, and essentially causes it to transcend into a higher form of existence. It is a magic that realizes true immortality by turning the soul into a flat, high-dimensional being capable of interacting with the material world as a mental body without having to return to Akasha. The Sorcerer will acquire an unlimited source of magical energy because his soul becomes analogous to a perpetual motion machine, just like the previous ones, creativity will help you a lot, although with this who needs creativity when you are truly immortal, enjoy ~. • As a certain person said, I wish I had finished in the third, too bad it didn't happen • The fourth magic “White Ink”: The Fourth True Magic, known as the “White Ink”, in another universe the fourth magic is unknown, but how would you go about selecting a magic without knowing all your options? The fourth is based on the manifestation, manipulation, and alteration of concepts, you could alter the concept of water so that it burns instead of splashing (He, he, he) or you can very well create your own urban legend and add the concept 'real' to it, despite the tremendous power that you can still have to be careful, every being is sensitive, even reality itself, so press hard and don't expect to come out very well, you are powerful, but not invincible, keep that in mind, an example would be the previous user of the fourth magic that in an attempt to erase the concept of the fourth magic ended up being erased, it failed to eliminate the fourth magic, but the world ended up forgetting its capabilities due to certain parts that were erased. (Credit goes to AcausalTrillby at fanfiction.net for the inspiration with his story called White Ink) • The fifth magic “Blue Magic”: The Fifth True Magic, known as the “Blue Magic” allows free manipulation of energy/heat without worrying about the order imposed by the arrow of time of thermodynamics (represented by the Second Law), and, thus leading in particular to time manipulation, as opposed to relativistic time travel, Aoko Aosaki managed to affect space-time with this magic, and you can too if you put your mind to it, just be careful you don't want to extinguish life on earth, right? • “The Sixth True Magic”: Currently non-existent, a path to the Root will be granted. You can get close to him, but you must not touch him. By doing so, you will gain access to a new True Magic. It is speculated that the Sixth True Magic might be a magic that can bring happiness to everyone. This may or may not be the case. The magic has to be something unattainable by mundane or thaumaturgical means, as long as those criteria are met you can create the sixth magic, since you are creating something new and not reusing the five magics, this will be the one with which you connect the most, don't get me wrong, if you choose any of the other five, you will have no limits or problems when handling it, in fact you could take it to heights never seen before, only this being your creation, you will be more connected and you, and only you will be the person capable of using it, you are the creator of the sixth magic be proud. • Note something, the first, and fifth are similar in that a path to the root, an Akasha gate, originated and magic was obtained upon its arrival, while the second, third, and fourth were produced as a half to get to that place, however insignificant it may sound to some, this has its own weight in how your magic interacts with you, you may be able to touch or see the path to the Root, or you may try to recreate the means to reach the Root, be careful with that, people smarter than you tried, and they didn't end very well. • It can be said that magicians have become the adversaries of the planet, and by having magic, as redundant as it sounds, you have become a magician, something that the human mind would not normally be able to carry as a burden. Carrying such a power is the recklessness of changing the world, as such, from the moment you obtain true magic, you are destined to go through great things or most likely to affect the entire world, whether the change is good or bad, it will depend on what you decide. • Becoming a magician is something that must be thought carefully, it is a mantle, and it is raw power that will undoubtedly affect how you see the world or how the world sees you, you are entering forbidden territory for human hands, it is the land of gods, so unless you want to fight against gods or planets, think about it a bit before making your choice, and of course, you have some duties with humanity, it's not mandatory, but you can at least look at them once or twice, so they don't get killed or end up committing suicide. • You can grant one magic per person by creating five or six wizards who will be loyal to you until death, you can remove that magic whenever you want and however you want, although at least tell them what you are giving them, you do not want extradimensional accidents or extinction of life on earth, you can always decide to ignore this advice and have fun with the results. • You are by far the most talented and predisposed being to magic, your talent, ingenuity, and creativity have no comparison, your sense, and intuition regarding magecraft is undoubtedly superior, your mind has a library with all the magical knowledge of the entire verse from TYPE-MOON, whatever reality it is, it can be a bit overwhelming, but you get used to it, god forbid you can follow in the footsteps of Lorelei and focus on basic magecraft or some specific theme and develop it so much that you become the Bruce Lee of magic with 'Repeat a kick a thousand times', of course with your talent that can reach true magic levels very quickly, with any magic. • You can connect and adapt to any existing thaumaturgical foundation, yes, that includes the church, this would allow you to use any existing spell as long as you are connected to the foundation of that respective spell, be it sorcery, from Chinese philosophy magecraft, traditional Japanese magecraft and of course the one practiced by the clock tower, there is no foundation that you do not know and to which you cannot connect, if you do not like any, you can create your own thaumaturgical foundation with the rules and implications that you want and although technically it would be impossible, your own willpower is enough to maintain that foundation, if you decide to make that foundation your primary method of practicing magic, with your willpower involved, believe me, there will be no end to how strong you can become, and that applies to every foundation you connect to, you can revive a foundation on the verge of death to its best moment and take it to something much better. • Established and long-standing foundations will be more likely to connect and improve, they may not be as versatile, focusing only on their field as the church that is dedicated to something more spiritual, so be aware that you would spend a lot of time and resources originating a new foundation that connecting and empowering an existing one, each one has its cons and its pluses. • As a great magus you don't always have to depend on a large mound of magic circuits for everything, you can use the quantifiable energy of the Soul; the pseudo-spiritrons to design organisms or stronger objects, as the alchemists of Atlas do, you can also be like hackers and enter the network practicing their code-cast method, whenever you cannot or do not want to use your magic circuits you will find another way to practice sorcery, very well you can practice some method of “Walk and Breathe” to try to become a Xian, whatever method you choose you can take it to unimaginable heights without relying on your magic circuits, and with your talent you can do wonders. • It is true that you can work without magic circuits, you could very well become the best spell caster without even using them even once in your life, but it is better to use every resource you have and magic circuits are part of those resources, your circuits are special, unique in its kind, you will start with fifty magic circuits “Blue Bloods: Noble Magic Circuits”, being the best of the best, what differentiates it from the others is that your magic circuits are improved and shaped the more you use them, these circuits they will grow, improve and multiply, the very environment where you are will affect them and will affect their growth, they may become a “Magic Nucleus” or for some strange reason a “Magic Reactor”, there is also the possibility of becoming “Regression to the Age of Gods”. Allowing you to reproduce the existing mysteries before the age of man, it is certain that they will become what you want and that they will continually improve, in case they are damaged, or you do not have magic circuits they will begin to sprout or self-repair always looking for a way to advance, they may even be influenced by your origin. • As you have undoubtedly noticed, your magic circuits are not natural, this will not affect your form of sorcery in any negative way, who knows, you may reach some level higher than “Blue Bloods: Noble Magic Circuits” magic circuits are used to connect to the thaumaturgical foundation, you will see a rapid adaptation and improvement, the more you use them with a specific foundation, maybe even adopt some characteristics of said foundation. • You can create magic circuits through research and development and implant them in a host, but such a thing would be for someone else, because yours are already on their way to the best of the best. • This also affects how much magical energy you use, to make a comparison, the average mage has 20 units of magical energy, Ciel had 5000 units, you have 10000, and it will always improve according to your magic circuits, as a respected magus you must have enough energy to sustain any research or spell you want. • You can change your origin, it is true that the origin is the starting point that defines one's existence and directs one's actions throughout life. It is the driving force that comes from within the Root, which has managed to sprout from the Source and take material form, but you can change it, unlike other people you can trace your origin to the Root and exchange it for something that is more convenient, ok to see changes, so you will have to be careful, but at least you can change it for anything you want, be it creature, emotion or concept, you can even keep several at the same time, although you would have to be careful, the origin may end waking up if you swap it too much or if you have several, and they manage to sync up, you're a never-before-seen case, so crazy things can happen. • If a person ends up awakening their Origin, it becomes nearly impossible to deviate from their Origin, if even possible in the first place. It becomes an impulsive behavior that one would follow as if it were an absolute order, it has to be taken into account that if you achieved such a thing you would gain superhuman abilities according to your origin, the defense mechanism that you have will save you at some point after awakening your origin, the defense mechanism returns your origin to its state before waking up, you can program it so that it takes days or months to put your origin to sleep again, keep that in mind, the origin has to be treated with care. • Element, the elements are somewhat easier to deal with and without as much danger as the origins, by default you are an average with the five elements, fire, water, earth, air, and ether and just as before you can exchange and modify them to your liking it is better not to overlap an exaggerated number of elements, but at least you are not in as much danger as with the origins, the element is the type of magic with which you are more predisposed and which one you are better at, it should be noted that different cultures handle in different ways the elements, so there is a variety of elements with the same name, you will have to be more specific when changing the element. • The elements are not so rigid when it comes to making magecraft, if we put as an example that you have water as an element and that you want to learn spells more inclined with fire, you can, but it will cost more, although that is not your case, it should also be remembered that the elements are more than the name of said element itself, water is the fluidity and control of liquids, the other elements are something similar, only with their own peculiarities, there are elements as unique as sword or hollow, so who knows What things can you achieve if you start being creative. • Origins and elements are connected, so if you have the same origin and the same element, you will notice that your magic will have a boost on anything bordering on that field, although you run the risk of over-specializing, an example would be demon origin and demon element, you will find that you could do spectacular things with demonology, although you won't be able to do much with any kind of sorcery not associated with demons. • You are an artist when it comes to creating things, you would fit very well with Atlas, just like them, you are able to create things that could bring about the destruction of the world seven times, there is no limit in what you are able to build, from mystical supergiant codes like the “Foundation of Philosophy” up to the seven weapons of Atlas, it would be possible within your capabilities to start theorizing how to create Noble Phantasms or recreate them, very well you can do like the hikikomori of Caubac and create your own holy scriptures, or you can be like Zelretch troll and create items about magical girls or whatever you prefer, you can create the philosophical keys or magical crests or create something new based on it. • Theoretically, you are able to build anything shown in TYPE-MOON that is supernatural, and this includes everything from a simple pistol to the MOON CELL itself, and always with the ability to innovate, improve, or create something entirely new. • The “Philosophy Foundation” generated by the Xian in the land of China is essentially a simulation of an artificial Root. The Xians worked together as a group to build it. Instead of connecting to the Root using the gods as a relay, as civilizations in the Age of Gods did, the Xian produced their system of magic by building a Supergiant Mystic Code that merges with the planet. That is the Philosophy Foundation. • You are able to break down any magic you see or theorize into its most basic components, you may very well be called the second coming of Waver, for what you can do, with your talents it would not be difficult to dissect any magic you see down to its most basic concepts, being able to recreate it if you decide to do such a thing, you can always see ways to improve or modify it, but there is no magic that you don't see that you don't understand. • It has been said that anything magecraft can do technology can do and vice versa, you understand that principle well, you are capable of achieving anything science achieves through magecraft, any technology you see will only give you new and innovative ideas to achieve it through magecraft. • An example would be Apollo 11, you can imitate such a thing with magecraft, a space teleportation to reach the moon or some strange chimera that can take you, to know if you can do something else with astrology, true magic may end up dying, but magecraft it will be maintained and will continue to advance as long as you exist and science exists. • A magus is a scholar above all else, as a magus your main skill will be the investigation of sorcery in order to get to the root, you are a born investigator knowing every detail of the book by heart, a slight passing glance is enough to remember it whenever you want without need at a second glance, and not only that, you understand them to their very core, anything you don't know, you only need to investigate it to learn, as a researcher your handwriting will be relentless, your notes will be the finer details, and you can always do a thesis about a thousand and one ways to get to the root, you know for shit and giggles. • You unconsciously organize your work space, you will not be the typical researcher with your head in the clouds and with a workshop more messy than your room, no, your workshop is a perfect example of order, organized to the millimeter without you realizing it, this is also gone to all your jobs, no leaving dangerous things lying around unprotected or having all your tools dirty and messy, you know what they say, a tidy space is a safe space, and you have exemplary security. • You are a good teacher, you see the talent of people, their potential, and you can show that by bringing out all that talent, just like Waver you are an exceptional teacher when it comes to teaching, even the dumbest and most talentless person can become even a Lord, a person with real talent and a good head on his shoulders can very well get to Marshall just like Zelretch and Lorelei, of course as long as he listens to your lessons. • In addition to research you can focus your skills to develop many elements in any field you choose, on top of that you will never see any unwanted side effects or stalling your research, you see possibilities in mistakes, small delays in full stalls of a sorcery, potential in drawbacks, every mistake, bump, or snag in your eyes will become a possibility that may very well take your research to new heights. • Example: you can focus on martial arts, create something like the Nanaya killing arts, even recreate the Nanaya arts themselves, use pre-existing martial arts to give them mystical effects, it's very viable, you can create your own mystical martial arts. Assessing an enemy in the middle of a fight is easy for you, developing countermeasures against him or finding weaknesses you can exploit (If you have “The Mystic Eyes Of Death Perception” or something similar, you can find new lines of death or develop them in your enemy yourself) there is no field in which you cannot apply your talents. • Optionally, you can create a workshop, a workshop is a place where the magus carry out their research, it is a sacred place that any self-respecting magus will never let anyone enter, yours is impenetrable and untouchable, unless you allow it, at first you can design it inside as you like either as some ancient place of study or as a modern laboratory, your workshop is a subspace between dimensions, impossible for any being to find, no matter where you go you can access to your workshop from anywhere, be it places as remote as the bottom of the ocean, some forest, or desert forgotten by the hand of God or space itself, you just have to call it the way you want, a door will open where you can enter, you can modify this entrance as you want, needing a key or only access from a certain door when you want, and always having the flexibility so that you can modify it to your g you. • Your workshop has books on every possible sorcery and various ways to implement it, even notes for a beginner to practice little by little and build slowly, along with manuals and various articles for learning, it also has information on magus policy or data from the world both known and not, there is a lot of knowledge that will serve you, and not all of it is necessarily sorcery, at your option, all of TYPE-MOON's knowledge can be here in book formats or any other form you want, the workshop It will have any material or tool you require, and just like before it ranges from the most exotic never thinkable to the most normal, after spending that material it will recharge regularly, so you never have to worry about running out of resources. • In case you want something different, you can create your own workshop in the way you want, building both its defenses and places where you will store your knowledge and carry out your research, when you finish, the construction will gain the same benefits as if you had it. Given, these are undetectable and impenetrable. • Your workshop is a place for any outside creature not to enter and for anything inside not to leave, the workshop is something that you can change to your liking both in appearance, space and time, you can even change concepts within your own workshop, convert your ceiling a gateway to space, so you can admire any star from near or far, you can't be harmed inside your own workshop so the vacuum of space or the sun's rays would do little or nothing to you. • A magician walks with death, you among the many magus out there, you are sensitive to danger, you know very well when something can go wrong, you detect it like a bloodhound, whether it is a migraine, a slight smell or daring visions of the mirrors of what could go wrong, whatever method you choose, you know something will go wrong, and you know what will cause it, there is no longer any danger of experiments or ambushes, your sense of danger will alert you whenever death is near you, there will be no moments either late or too early, this gives you the right time, and also something of how to go out, there is nothing impossible to avoid death here. • You can leave marks on people so that they also notify you if they are in danger, you decide if the same person is aware of the danger or not. • You can say if you want to be like Akiha Tohno and I will become a half-breed with the blood of some mythical or supernatural beast, this will give you certain unique abilities depending on the blood you decide, it will also give you a stronger connection to the mystery, your instincts will be controllable and will not cause any problem, although they can always be useful, it is always curious to know what those senses perceive that is not detectable by humans. • Optionally, you can decide if you want to do some research to fully become that creature, an example being becoming a dead apostle like Gransurg Blackmore did. • You can give people mythical blood if you want to do something with it, you can always control them and take that power away from them if they rebel. • Despite the fact that many magus dislikes it, politics is present within their society, you are the one who governs that, words are an art that you master, you are the best, it is simple to deceive or convince people, you know how people think. People, you know what they want, you know how to guide their thoughts or group a group of people with certain ideas, you know by heart every law, every line, every letter of every word and every political loophole that you can take advantage of with all that, move in the world politician, it's not very difficult, you control it well, you can be considered a control demon for how well you handle everything. • If you don't want to touch politics, that's fine, you know enough to move in society, it's simple to fake smiles or emotions, deceiving people is second nature, making them believe that you are like them, without any problem and with a normal life it's surprisingly easy, if you don't want to fool anyone that's fine, just with the security you show you would eventually have some group of trustworthy friends. • Sometimes it is difficult to know if a decision is good, until after seeing what happens, not for you, the decisions you make, are made under detailed scrutiny, your decisions will no longer have the doubt of whether you did it right, and even if for some strange reason some bad decision goes through your detailed study, you will have a sixth sense that will constantly warn you not to choose it, it will be your decision after that. • If ever it is not enough to stick to the laws, you know how to do everything in a more criminal way, blackmail, extortion, threaten, etc. you know every dirty trick in the book, in fact you wrote the book, you know it backwards and forwards, the underworld has its own laws, and you know them like the back of your hand, your very well can create your own mafia and promote it by the underworld, and when it's not enough to talk, well, it's an easier way to just permanently eliminate every person or group that opposes, not that anyone finds out if you want. • You know people's minds, you know how they think, you know what they want, and you can notice very clearly when some thought of betrayal passes through their pretty little head now condemned, you can tell if they have a plan or if they are trying to influence you, not because of some strange ability but because you simply know how the human being works, there is no person that you cannot understand, just one look and the personality of any person remains in your eyes, abnormal cases like Shirou Emiya is simply looking at them from a slightly different perspective, it is easy to You play with those thoughts, moving some person from one place to another like a puppet is quite a fun hobby, turning the most cowardly person into something much worse than Shirou with his sense of heroism and his lack of self-preservation is simple, the most calm and good-hearted person under your hands can be left as Kirei Kotomine with no moral limit as to how much evil is enough, h woe to whoever makes you angry, you know enough about the human being to create a real hell with simple words, people tend to think that words cannot cause so much damage, after all, words are not as effective as a sword According to them, it is sometimes easy to forget that a few simple words caused the fall of Camelot. • Trade is not so attached to the magus, but it is better to have money and be like Luvia using money from one side to the other, not be like Rin and wonder if you can last until the end of the month paying attention to each expense you make, the world of commerce opens its huge golden doors to you, you know money, you know how money is managed, you know where there are opportunities or how to create them yourself, you know where definitely not to be around to keep the money you have and avoid losses. • You have what can be said, a golden luck, the lottery, prizes, or just finding a dollar on the street, money comes to you passively, you can control how much comes to you, from a simple five dollars to millions, someone can suspect, but you will still be rich, so there will not be so many problems. • You know every dollar, every coin by heart, down to the tiniest penny, you keep it in mind when you do the math, which makes you very good with numbers, but pluses aside, you keep every bit of your money in mind, so that if any bills or coins go missing you'll notice quickly, so it's easy to spot if some fool is having a funny idea about your money. • Furthermore, you are the best at handling money, you can very well copy the Harweys and get 60% of the planet or more, there will be opposition, but if you use this, plus your political skills, you can very well do it without anyone noticing. • Mystery is what allows magecraft, the crystallization of belief, so it is undeniable to say that without mystery there is no magecraft or magic, as time passes and technology advances, the mystery gradually evaporates from this world, a risk for the magus, because their job lies in the very existence of the mystery, that is a danger that does not apply to you, your mere existence revives the mystery, you are like a plant only instead of expelling air, you expel mystery, this is something you can control, such as applying it only to your actions or that it spreads throughout the world or only to an area in general, you decide. • Be careful not to spread it around the world, the revival of the mystery can revive some troublesome things, most likely you can irreparably affect the world itself, the planet itself will be affected by such an action. • If you decide to enclose the mystery in an area, in that small area the mystery will begin to accumulate, affecting everything that is inside, each plant, each animal, each insect, even the smallest being can be affected. • Since the mystery comes from you, every creature that is impacted by the mystery you produce will feel a feeling of loyalty towards you, the probability that they will not be loyal to you is close to zero, they may see you as a divine being, which is god to humans, at worst they will be of no use to you, but they will still refuse to harm you. • You have more security against Gaia and Alaya, they will be softer when it comes to judging whether to eliminate you, you can be much more reckless than the rest of the magicians and unless you do something extreme like endangering the entire planet or humanity itself, none attack, they will stay away and not bother you, they will watch you it is true, but they will never interfere with anything you do as long as you do not go too far, this includes that Alaya cannot prune the timeline where you are, you are an immutable being when it comes to damaging the timeline, the incineration of humanity or the Lostbelt will do nothing to you, you are protected from that by sending you to another time and space, you will be displaced through time to the point of origin where that timeline was damaged, the singularities, very well you can solve it or just observe while you continue with your investigation while you wait to be sent to another space-time, in case it is solved you will return to where you were before all this happened, and in case that timeline is doomed you will be sent to another timeline that is not in danger. • Your powers cannot be stolen, deleted, copied or anything like that, you will have constant protection against negative effects, in case something unexpected happens, you will be randomly teleported, your powers will return, eventually, they always return. • Without perfection, nothing you build is ever perfect, it never will be, nor are you perfect, perfection is a limiting factor, when perfection arrives there is nothing else, that is why you can break perfection being able to grow unlimitedly, there is no limit in terms of you can grow or improve pre-existing things because in principle there is no end for you, and although some may say that there must be an end, a point at which you will eventually reach perfection by not being able to improve anymore, they are wrong, as simple beings, his imagination, his head can only come to that conclusion, that there is a limit, but not you, the limits seen in mortal eyes do not apply, you see an infinite path, the root itself is infinite and constantly growing, because you cannot be equal to her and have no limits in your growth, without perfection, without limits, a perpetual growth.
submitted by AcceptablePapaya184 to LordofTheMysteries [link] [comments]

2024.05.28 18:16 Frame_Late Shackled Minds XII

First Prev
Saturn
The first thing that I noticed about the tent was how clean it was. There was no trash, no filth, no nothing: everything was clean and well organized from the outside, like a military tent.
The second thing I noticed was the strange… placement of everything around it. Scrap was hoarded all around the base of the tent, but not haphazardly or without thought, but rather it almost resembled a kind of morbid bird’s nest.
“A strange home,” I noted, “who lives here.”
“There's a lot of answers to that question, and I doubt that any of them will satisfy you,” The Lord Commander replied, “All I can really say for certain is that the cretin inside can help you beat the Cabal.”
“A cretin?” I asked, a bit confused, “what do you mean by cretin? Are you implying that this person has a few screws loose?”
“In a manner of speaking, although if you want to get technical his kind doesn't exactly come with many screws to begin with.”
I scowled at the Lord Commander's words, but stepped forward to peer into the flap. I could hear many things: low rumblings, the crackling sounds of a primitive fire, the soft clanking of metal on metal, and the searing of meat, all coalescing into almost what one would imagine a wagon train’s camp kitchen would be like. But before I could even make it three feet forward, a massive, clawed hand reached out and pulled the flap back just a tiny bit, revealing a massive eye the size of a softball, with vertical reptilian slits and speckled, amber-colored sclera.
“Go away,” the thing rumbled, a long, thin tongue stretching out as if to sniff the air, “Grug is tired, and Grug doesn't recognize you.”
The Lord Commander snorted, but didn't speak any more. “Come out, Grug, we need to speak.”
“No, No, No,” Grug insisted in an almost childish manner, “Moons leave soon, black night comes then. Grug is scared of the dark. Tent protects Grug and Tree-Friend from dark things.”
I suppressed laughter. “He's scared of the Dark! How do you expect him to help if he's scared of the dark?”
“Grug is a bit… special,” a voice behind the three of us spoke. I turned around to see an Older Sho-dai woman wearing fine robes dyed mahogany and amber-rimmed spectacles that made her look both regal and distinguished. She was holding something in her aged paws, a clay pot of something, but I couldn't quite tell, “But he has a big heart and a good soul, common for a child.”
“With all due respect ma'am, how is he a child?” I asked, “the tent is huge, and one hand was bigger than a manhole cover; there is no child that large.” I knew that wasn't exactly true, but very few creatures ever grew to that size, much less as children.
“His kind are rare around these parts, nearly hunted into extinction long ago,” the Sho-dai whispered quietly, as if to shield her words from Grug, “I've read all about them: the library I manage holds a wealth of knowledge that is sadly nowhere near as appreciated as it once was. Needless to say, he was retrieved as an egg by a scrapper haul nearly a decade ago, and I chose to advocate for its life. Our town had seen enough cruelty and death, so I decided I'd foster some kindness and life.” She approached the tent and placed the pot just outside of the tent flap. It was filled with different dried fruits and dumplings, jerky, and other miscellaneous food and supplies.
“You waste our food on this outsider, why?” Asked the Lord Commander. Thiva stiffened, and I assumed the sweet old librarian would as well, but she simply gave him a disappointed look.
“He is an innocent refugee, with no home or hope. I care for him because unlike many of my kinsmen I actually have a heart,” She spoke back, her voice soft and sweet but her tone implying an unmatched malice, “We are so obsessed with ourselves that we will soon lose our individuality too. So let this one live in peace for now.”
“We have nothing to give, his age and species are irrelevant,” the Lord Commander Growled, “Even if another Sho-dai came from another city expecting charity we'd still turn them away. This one must pull their weight.”
The Librarian merely sighed and shook her head. “It's always about violence and greed with you people, nothing else.”
“This is about neither! This is about saving this city,” The Lord Commander shouted, “and if Grug can help then he's obligated to! He lives here, in the same streets that the rest of these suffering Sho-dai do! He cannot turn down this command.”
Suddenly, the same clawed hand reached out again, and I noticed that it didn't have scales per say, but rather something a bit more menacing: spines. His entire outer forearm was covered in sharp spines, not long like skewers but instead short and straight like blood work needles. As his muscles flexed, so too did the spines, poking out slightly either from irritation or anxiety.
“Nobody speak to Grug but nice lady, nobody care about Grug like the nice lady does. Grug is nobody to everybody. Why does everybody know Grug now, now that Grug can help?”
The Lord Commander looked like he wanted to say something but also seemed at a loss for words. He stammered for a bit before shutting his mouth and turning around, clanking his metallic walking stick on the ground in a frustrated manner. “Fine, continue to be a burden: I will have no part in this childishness. We shall defend this city, with or without you.”
“We?” I asked, a little taken back by his words, “I am defending this city: it will be me who is fighting, not you. Don't sit here and pretend that you'll be wading through death instead of sitting back and giving commands to your soldiers from the safety of wherever you hide away during battles.”
”Do not make me the villain here!” The Lord Commander shouted back, “I am trying to protect these people! This cretin needs to know that it is selfish of him to hide away here while he lets everyone else suffer!”
“He does not see it that way,” I argued, “you have obviously treated him like a pariah, and now you expect him to find the devotion in his heart to defend this town? I would call that shameful, wouldn't you agree?”
“Do not pretend to understand anything about honor or shame!”
“Quit grumbling,” Grug growled from behind his tent, “Grug knows you don't like him, let Grug live in peace.”
I looked back at the Lord Commander, who was obviously pissed. “Let me speak to him: I'm an outsider as well, he may be able to relate to me.”
The Lord Commander shook his head in irritation, but meandered over to the streetside and leaned on his walking stick. I walked further up to the tent flap before clearing my throat, hoping to get Grug’s attention without startling or angering him.
“Grug, could I talk to you?”
“Grug doesn't want to fight, you can't make Grug fight!” He mumbled louder, his voice rising.
“You don't have to fight, Grug, and I won't make you,” I said, “I just want to come in if that's okay? Maybe we can talk.”
Grug was silent for a few moments, but eventually I heard another annoyed rumble before he opened the flap, allowing me in.
Time Skip
Grug seemed to be an incredibly meticulous creature. Inside the tent, his few items were stacked up neatly in the corner. The dirt from the ground was swept away, all his trash was thrown in a little trash bin (little was a relative term here, it was practically the size of Thiva) and the fire in the middle was adorned with a roasting spot, which he roasted a whole hog on.
Grug himself sat on a big stone block, poking the fire with a rebar rod to agitate the coals. He was a creature I recognized now as well, due to me being able to see his whole body. He was a Jí Bèi, or a thornback, and resembled a gigantic, anthropomorphic echidna. On his back, spines bristled outward, traveling down his arms and legs and covering him in layers of thorny armor like a briar bush, but it also reminded me of old pike phalanxes and how the many speartips could deflect arrows. His claws were long and razor-sharp, and yet he manipulated them dexterously as if they were fine tools.
He wasn't a cretin, that's for sure, just a creature with a more simple outlook and vocabulary. The Sho-dai worked so hard to appear distinguished that they often forgot what it meant to be average.
“What do you want with Grug?” Grug asked cautiously. “They always want from Grug, always take and never give. Only nice book lady ever cares about Grug, brings Grug food and books sometimes. Only book lady and tree-friend.” He sighed, seeming to lament everyone's disdain for him. “Grug knows you want something, someone always want something,” he added shrewdly, “Grug not stupid, Grug knows that Grug isn't welcome.”
“So you want people to like you?”
“Grug knows that's what everyone wants,” he mumbled, poking the coals again, “what Grug doesn't understand is why is everyone so mean to Grug? What did Grug do?”
“Grug, why do you speak in the third person,” I asked, “you are surprisingly articulate for your age. The woman outside, the librarian, says you're still a child.”
“Grug speaks the way he does because he wants to constantly remind everyone who he is and what his name is,” Grug spoke with a hint of determination, “they all call Grug rude things like ‘beast’ or ‘cretin’, but Grug is not an animal or stupid, Grug is Grug, And Grug deserves to be treated with decency. Grug will only accept his name.”
“That's an admirable way to resist their expectations of you,” I said, “but what's better is to make them respect you.”
“Grug does not wish to fight,” he quickly interrupted, “Grug wishes to be treated with respect.”
“But whether you like it or not, these people respect strength,” I said, “but you have a gift: you are big and strong, and clever too. You can gain their respect by helping them fight off the bad people who want to hurt them.”
Grug sat sat in silence, but I could see the gears turning in his head as he poked the coals some more before rotating the spit to ensure the whole hog cooked evenly. “Grug… Grug doesn't like to fight. Hurting people makes Grug sad, same with hurting animals. Grug thinks about who they might've been, what they could've done… Grug doesn't like to take life away.”
I felt that on a personal level. I didn't like to kill, and oftentimes I only did so out of desperation or anger, something I wasn't proud of. In a way, it made me want to convince Grug to join me more because we were somewhat like-minded. “I understand, I don't like to kill either.”
“So why do you fight? Grug doesn't understand.”
“Nobody forces you to kill but you, Grug, you always have that choice,” I admitted, “but choices oftentimes come with even more choices packaged in: how you wish to preserve life is one of the questions that immediately come to mind.” I gently sat down next to him on the stone, looking into the fire. “Sure, you can resort to nonviolence, but that means nothing changes, and when nothing changes then whatever pain that existed before you made your choice will continue to exist afterwards as well, and if you had the power to stop it then the responsibility would theoretically fall on you. Hypothetically, I mean, I'm not blaming you for anything, just speaking my mind.”
“Grug understands.”
“Okay then,” I continued, “I couldn't live knowing that I could have saved someone because I always end up thinking about the same things: who were they? Did they have a life elsewhere, or a family? Did they have dreams?” I sighed and laced my fingers together, resting my forearms over my knees as I slouched slightly. “I've always wondered, is it just as bad to do nothing when someone is hurting as it is to be the one inflicting the pain? I'd never wanted to find out, though, rather it was simply just a nagging thought in the back of my mind, the kind that dictates your entire way of life. I don't want to be the one who could've been better but chose not to.”
“Grug knows you want Grug to help, but Grug won't: the people hate Grug, they'll never appreciate Grug.”
“I understand,” I said, standing up, “I don't expect you to help, and I have no desire to force you: I just wanted to see if I could speak to you on the matter like a person instead of making demands of you. I want you to make your own choices, everyone should, you shouldn't be obligated to serve those who do not serve you back.”
Grug seemed surprised by my sentiment, as if he wasn't used to hearing that. “Thank you… Grug rarely receives kindness.”
“You're welcome,” I said back. “I've noticed…” I began before pausing to find the right words, “That there's a lot of emphasis put on obligations here, all I've heard is honorable this and duty that, but it all feels so forced. These people, this city, and those that rule it all hate each other, and those obligations feel so paper thin that I could push through them with a wet finger. But the restrictions still remain.” I was speaking my mind now, not just to Grug, but to myself: I realized that this city was doomed if I didn't step in, even if the Cabal didn't suck them dry the infighting and the disconnect between the different classes would tear it apart. “I see people use words like honor and duty to maintain control, or exercise power over others, or manipulate others, but I don't think I'd ever seen it be done out of true honesty and loyalty to those creeds.”
“Grug is… confused,” he admitted, slightly embarrassed, “Grug heard a lot, didn't understand it all.”
“Sorry, I was lost in my own words for a minute there,” I apologized with a weak smile, “I'm just starting to see where the problems lie, and I think it's because everyone here has lost faith, faith in each other, in their leaders, and their city, and what they're doing now is all posturing.”
“Grug sees a lot of sadness,” Grug noted poignantly, “lots of anger, no smiles or laughter. All joy is gone, like their happiness went away.”
“But you-”
“No,” Grug insisted, “Grug knows what you want…”
“But you could give them their faith again,” I insisted, “You could be something for them to believe in, to kickstart a chain reaction and bring back what made this city in the first place,” I placed my hand on his, mine incredibly small in comparison but no less determined, “And they'll respect you, even love you, because you stood for them when few others would.”
Grug seemed to actually consider this for a moment, and he eventually responded. “I’ll help,” Grug spoke in the first person for the first time, “But I need something, a few things.”
“I can't give much, not now,” I said, concerned that all the progress I made might be lost. “I'll do what I can, though.”
“It's not much, just a test of… character. I heard the nice lady call it something like that before,” Grug spoke, although I didn't exactly know what he meant by that, “Tree-Friend understands people, sees through what they want him to see. In some ways, Tree-Friend can see more than us.”
I looked up at the black tree, the leaves within the tent curled downward to absorb the heat of the fire. It was then that I realized the tree was a thermo-synthesizer, the kind that was designed to absorb the heat of thermal vents and regulate planetary temperatures. In the fire and the heat of the foundries, it flourished despite the cruel, lifeless soil, and it must've remained here without being cut down for a reason…
Then I noticed it: subtle movement higher up. Grug let out what probably sounded like a shrill whistle to him, but to me it sounded like a locomotive’s air horn. The movement increased, with ear-piercing clicks like those of a bat. Something was moving along the higher branches, but it melded so well with the tree that it was near impossible to distinguish it, much less identify what it was.
“And who exactly is this… tree friend?” I asked cautiously.
“He is Tree-friend.” Grug said bluntly, as if that would explain everything.
“But what is Tree-friend?” I asked, “is he… like us?”
“Tree-friend isn't like anybody, but tree-friend is good: that I know.”
Suddenly, I saw something more definite: two, onyx banded eyes peering down at me, along with a lean, muscular form clinging to the trunk of the tree less than ten feet above me. It had claws longer than unsharpened pencils, but the claws themselves were anything but dull, and they curved wickedly into barbed nightmares at the end. Its body was coated in blackish-brown scales almost resembling leaves, each the color of jaspilite, with tiger-esw stripes of pitch black running down its back lengthwise. Suddenly its coloring shifted, taking on a brighter, amberish hue set by the fire, as if it had realized I had spotted it and now it had no reason to hide.
But most concerning was its long, viney tail that sprouted barbed blades at the end, along with a powerful piercing proboscis at the end. I didn't want to know what that was used for.
I was starting to paint a more complete picture of Tree-friend’s true nature: its physiology was familiar, but it wasn't something I was used to seeing… not that I had ever seen anything like it before. Whenever I tried to recollect memories about how the past and the old authority worked, it was as if I was one man in two bodies all at once, one perspective looking forward and the other back. But that second perspective felt so foreign despite me being unable to deny that it was something I knew deep down in my core had been something I had experienced.
Tree-friend must have been some kind of guard creature, especially if it resided in this tree for most of its life. The proboscis, maybe a way to sap nutrients from the tree, or initiate a sort of mutualism with it. Its claws didn't dig into the bark, not did it snap branches or travel haphazardly along its trunk: the plant must have been important, maybe even sacred, to it. The chameleonic skin? Definitely a way to stage ambushes on prey or intruders. And it's mouth bristling with razor-sharp teeth… there was no question what those were for. It would also make sense for Tree-Friend to be able to discern intention and have an advance intuition for anything that could be perceived as a threat: the goal for most guards wasn't to attack anything and everything on sight, but rather to terminate any individual or unit that could partake in corporate espionage. It's master and any of its guests would need to be at least ignored and at most protected when threatened.
“Tree-friend scares people away, he doesn't like strangers, and he knows when people want to do bad things,” Grug explained, “Tree-Friend is smarter than Grug, even if he doesn't speak: Tree-friend knows when bad things will happen.”
Tree-friend blinked at me, flexing its claws cautiously as it seemed to stare into my soul. At first, I thought it was preparing to pounce, but the little quadruped didn't seem coiled up to leap just yet. I resisted the urge to lift up the fauchard and defend myself, knowing that it would attack at the first sign of animosity.
Instead, I decided to do the unthinkable. I reached out with my hand, my arm extended and my palm open. I was exposed and at the mercy of Tree-friend, but I needed to have faith that neither Grug nor Tree friend meant any harm. They were simply different, and they saw the world differently than I did, not unlike how I saw the world differently than the Sho-dai did.
Tree-friend seemed puzzled at first, but he eventually held out his clawed hand and placed it into mine gently. Then he looked at me with an almost innocent curiosity, ruffling and loosening its leaf-like scales.
“Tree-friend likes you,” Grug observed, “You are the first, too: he has attacked everyone else.”
“You don't say,” I mumbled, “what is he, really? Where did you find this thing?”
“Tree-friend has always been part of the tree: I found him when I had grown big enough to live indoors anymore. I had moved out here between the furnaces because the cold makes me sick, and I had found him in an opaque, tiny seed attached to the tree. I have taken care of him ever ever since.”
Suddenly, Tree-friend’s eyes narrowed, and it focused on something scurrying along the ground. In a flash, it leapt off the tree and onto the ground, quickly gobbling up a small rodent and swallowing it whole, the still-squirming creature pushing against his flexible belly to no avail until it drowned. “Well, that was wonderful to watch,” I said sarcastically, “is that it's diet?”
“Yes,” Grug said, “He keeps the tent clean. I also feed him meat from time to time, although he detests any fruits or vegetables.” Grug pulled off a hunk of meat from the hog roasting over the fire and tossed it to Tree-friend, who snapped it up with incredible dexterity. It didn't even seem to chew either, merely swallow prey whole, so I didn't want to know what the teeth were for.
“But we need to go,” Grug said, “they'll come soon, and if we don't hurry bad things will happen. I made a promise to you, and I will keep it: I will help you fight the Cabal.”
Time Skip
As we left the tent, the world was approaching absolutely twilight. The only thing that illuminated the city were the dim artificial streetlights along the paved roadways, as well as larger lights hefted higher up that could bathe whole neighborhoods in light with ease. Most notably, near the center of the city, there was a massive tower that I hadn't really noticed before, but it easily dwarfed the rest of the buildings. On top, a lighthouse spun dutifully, sending out a beacon of hope to the rest of the boneyard and pointing the way to safety for those unfortunate few caught outside without reliable shelter.
Tree-friend rode on Grug’s shoulders lazily, its little head next to Grug's own and its arms draped around his neck loosely. It seemed very protective of Grug, which seemed to lend credence to it being some kind of guard creature. It hissed at any Sho-dai who got too close, and they made a wide berth around Grug to ensure nobody got hurt.
The Lord-Commander stood at a makeshift barricade set up at the large, bronze gates of the town, watching the entrance intently. He had gathered an entire unit of the guard, all fit in heavy metal armor and wielding either a multitude of different guns, mostly simplistic submachine guns or semi-automatic rifles, or shields and blunt weapons, the latter often designed to resemble different tools that could serve as bludgeons, like wrenches and pipe threaders, but also much more elegant and fitted with spikes or blades to pierce armor.
At the gates, a small army of armored figures stood, many of them being Sho-dai themselves, but others being members of species I didn't quite recognize yet, but they all seemed like cannon fodder compared to a select few. The first big threat I spotted was a huge primate, at least as tall as a semi-truck, with the head of a baboon and a muscular, furry body fitted with all manner of advanced cybernetics, which were far more advanced than anything I could imagine these Sho-dai ever creating. One of its arms had been replaced with a minimalist, cybernetic version that held a massive Kanabo as a weapon, the studded metal club reinforced with metal down it's length. It's breath fogged up in the cold air more and more as the last moon set, finally shrouding the world in darkness.
There were two others that stood out, one being a strange, beetle-like creature reminiscent of a bipedal scarab. His carapace was a greenish-blue and reflected the artificial light of the street lamps brilliantly, and I could tell that he was a male by his brilliantly plumed antennae, but that's where his admirable qualities ended. His carapace was fitted with extra bionic inserts like an extra layer of armor, and on his head was a large horn like that found on a rhinoceros beetle. It held a large heavy sword that resembled a Nodachi, and seemed utterly unfazed by the small army of Sho-dai the Lord-Commander had set up. But when his segmented eyes focused on me, his antennae flicked ever so slightly, and his mandibles clicked together with interest.
The last one was interesting. This one was a bit like a peafowl, with vibrant blue, green, and gray feathers. Definitely a female, she wore long robes that hid the rest of her body, and stood up straight with her wings folded, her eyes staring directly into my soul. She wasn't burly or bulky like her comrades, but I could tell she didn't need to be: she could probably kill everyone here save for me with little effort.
“We have come,” shouted the Peafowl, who approached first. The rest of the group, including the large ape, remained, “We are here to take what is ours, as is written.” She eyes the soldiers and the Lord-Commander with an almost annoyed look. “And yet I do not see our rightful bounty piled before us. Answer me, peasant, or I will slit your throat!” She pointed at the Lord-Commander, her beady little eyes narrowing, “Where is our tribute?”
“You shall have none today, scum,” he said, lifting up his gun, “I'll gladly grant you a painful death, however.”
The Lord-Commander emptied the clip of his submachine gun at the Peafowl, but she simply raised her wing and deflected the bullets with her feathers, the lead bouncing off as if each shot was a spitwad. Then, as the Lord-Commander attempted to reload, she unleashed something from underneath her wing, a kusarigama, and it slashed through his neck, sending blood over his fellow soldiers faster than any of them could react. Then she flicked her thin wrist back, and the chained blade flew back towards her, taking the Lord-Commander’s head with it. She deftly gripped the hair, his face still contorted into a mask of shock as she tossed it to the ground with a scoff before cleaning off her weapon with another flick and concealing it back under her robes. “A pathetic display," she hissed before returning to her once regal voice, "Death has been marked. Burn this pitiful city to the ground, kill two thirds and enslave the rest: we shall take what is ours and make an example out of you cretins.”
submitted by Frame_Late to HFY [link] [comments]

2024.05.28 17:26 Lazy_Substance2154 What is better overall biology a level Cambridge or OxfordAQA or Edexcel?

Biology Cambridge's thresholds are high, but I'm adapted to the style of the question from the o level and the mark scheme accepts a range of answers; however, Oxford's boundaries are lower than Cambridge and I can retake individual paper, Insha'Allah doesn't happen, and each paper examine certain chapters not all, but the mark scheme and examiners are strict and they stick to certain keywords and the style of the questions is new to me. Edexcel's boundaries are lower than Cambridge, but the style of question is new to me and I heard that the questions are harder than Cambridge. So at the end what board do you recommend for biology A level?
submitted by Lazy_Substance2154 to alevel [link] [comments]

2024.05.28 16:21 KateVirginiaLivin New York Times Historical Archives - The Same Articles Over the Decades

I've gone down the rabbit hole on the New York Times online archive and it's amazing how little is there before the big "expose" in 2017. There are ZERO articles relating to some of the most widely reported UFO stories like Kenneth Arnold's Mount Ranier sighting. The first reference to the Roswell crash is a 1987 article is a culture piece about people's interest in UFOs.
Below is a long article from 1979 that could have been written today. The same misinformation from the government, the same promise to make a more scientific study (while promising that that study had not already been taking place....)

U.F.O. FILES: THE UNTOLD STORY

By Patrick Huyghe
Patrick Huyghe is a freelance writer in New York.
The Defense Department message bears the classification CONFIDENTIAL. “Subject: Suspicious Unknown Air Activity.” Dated Nov. 11, 1975, it reads:
“Since 28 Oct 75 numerous reports of suspicious objects have been received at the NORAD COC [North American Air Defense Combat Operations Center]. Reliable military personnel at Loring AFB [Air Force Base], Maine, Wurtsmith AFB, Michigan, Malmstrom AFB, [Montana], Minot AFB, [North Dakota], and Canadian Forces Station, Falconbridge, Ontario, Canada, have visually sighted suspicious objects.
“Objects at Loring and Wurtsmith were characterized to be helicopters. Missile site personnel, security alert teams and Air Defense personnel at Malmstrom Montana reported object which sounded like a jet aircraft. FAA advised ‘There were no jet aircraft in the vicinity.’ Malmstrom search and height finder radars carried the object between 9,000 ft and 15,600 ft at a speed of seven knots. ... F‐106s scrambled from Malmstrom could not make contact due to darkness and low altitude. Site personnel reported the objects as low as 200 ft and said that as the interceptors approached the lights went out. After the interceptors had passed the lights came on again. One hour after the F‐106s returned to base, missile site personnel reported the object increased to a high speed, raised in altitude and could not be discerned from the stars....
“I have expressed my concern to SAFOI [Air Force Information Office] that we come up soonest with a proposed answer to queries from the press to prevent overreaction by the public to reports by the media that may be blown out of proportion. To date efforts by Air Guard helicopters, SAC [Strategic Air Command] helicopters and NORAD F‐106s have failed to produce positive ID.”
Though officials have long denied that they take ‘flying saucers’ seriously, declassified documents now reveal extensive Government concern over the phenomenon.
Numerous daily updates kept the Joint Chiefs of Staff informed of these incursions by U.F.O.'s in the fall of 1975. Representatives of the Defense Intelligence Agency and the National Security Agency as well as a handful of other Government desks received copies of the National Military Command Center's reports on the incidents. One report said that an unidentified object “demonstrated a clear intent in the weapons storage area.” Though Air Force records show that the C.I.A. was notified several times of these penetrations over nuclear missile and bomber bases, the agency has acknowledged only one such notification. Subsequent investigations by the Air Force into the sightings at Loring Air Force Base, Maine, where the remarkable series of events began, did not reveal a cause for the sightings.
Despite official pronouncements for decades that U.F.O.'s were nothing more than misidentified aerial objects and as such were no cause for alarm, recently declassified U.F.O. records from the C.I.A., the F.B.I. and other Federal agencies indicate that, ever since U.F.O.'s made their appearance in our skies in the 1940's, the phenomenon has aroused much serious behind‐the‐scenes concern in official circles. Details of the intelligence community's protracted obsession with the subject of U.F.O.'s have emerged over the past few years with the release of long‐withheld Government records obtained through the Freedom of Information Act. Though these papers fail to resolve the U.F.O. enigma, they do manage to dispel many popular notions about the U.F.O. controversy, as well as give substance to a number of others. Official records now available appear to put to rest doubts that the Government knew more about U.F.O.'s than it has claimed over the past 32 years. From the start, it has been convinced that most U.F.O. sightings could be explained in terms of misidentified balloons, cloud formations, airplanes, ball lightning, meteors and other natural phenomena.
But the papers also show that the Government remains perplexed about the nagging residue of unexplained U.F.O. sightings, which amount to approximately 10 percent of all U.F.O. sightings reported. Do they pose a threat to national security? Are they just a funny‐looking cover for an airborne Soviet presence? Even the possibility that these unknowns could be evidence of extraterrestrial visitations has been given serious attention in Government circles. While official interest in U.F.O.'s has long been thought to be strictly the concern of the Air Force, the bulk of whose records has been open to public view for nearly a decade, the recently released papers on U.F.O.'s indicate otherwise. The Departments of the Army, Navy, State and Defense, and the Defense Intelligence Agency, the National Security Agency, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the F.B.I., the C.I.A. and even the Atomic Energy Commission produced U.F.O. records over the years. Many of these agencies still do, and many of their documents remain classified. But it is the C.I.A. that appears to have played the key role in the controversy, and may even be responsible for the Government's conduct in U.F.O. investigations throughout the
U.F.O's have been the province of the nation's intelligence community ever since the beginning of the cold war, when the notion took hold that some flying saucers might actually represent a secret, technologically advanced, foreign weapons system. “Every time we were concerned,” recalls Herbert Scoville Jr., a former chief of the C.I.A.'s Office of Scientific Intelligence, “it was because we wanted to know: Did the Russians do it?”
As the cold war gave rise to the fears of the McCarthy era, official concern over U.F.O.'s even led to the surveillance of several private U.F.O. organizations (as many of their members have long insisted) and to the scrutiny of dozens of individuals suspected of subversive U.F.O. activities.
Perhaps most telling of all, the Government documents on U.F.O.'s reveal that despite official denials to the contrary, Federal agencies continue to monitor the phenomenon to this day.
The monumental task of unearthing the newest batch of records on U.F.O.'s from a bureaucracy that has for years denied their existence can be traced to the efforts of a handful of inquisitive individuals who, armed with the Freedom of Information Act, set off in the mid‐70's on a paper chase of U.S. Government documents on U.F.O.'s. They include Bruce S. Maccabee, a Silver Spring, Md., physicist working for the Navy, who has managed to obtain the release of more than 1,200 pages of documents on U.F.O.'s from the F.B.I.; W. Todd Zechel of Prairie du Sac, Wis.; Robert Todd of Ardmore, Pa.; Larry W. Bryant of Arlington, Va.; and Brad C. Sparks, a student la astrophysics at Berkeley whose five‐year pursuit of the C.I.A.'s U.F.O. file eventually provided the foundation for a 3round‐breaking Freedom of Information lawsuit filed by Ground Saucer Watch (G.S.W.), an Arizona‐based U.F.O.
At the request of G.S.W. director William H. Spaulding, Peter Gersten, an attorney in the New York firm of Rothblatt, Rothblatt & Seijas, filed a civil action against the C.I.A. in December 1977 demanding all U.F.O. records in the agency's possession. The suit seemed to have achieved its goal when late last year the agency released about 900 documents — nearly 900 pages of memos, reports and correspondence that attest to the agency's long involvement in U.F.O. matters. But the civil action has not seen its final day in court.
By Gersten's account, the agency has arbitrarily withheld documents, made deletions without merit, and failed to conduct a proper search for U.F.O. materials. The agency's current actions, he says, perpetuate its 30‐year policy of deliberate deception and dishonesty about U.F.O.'s. “What has been released to us seems to have been rather carefully selected,” says Gersten. “We suspect that the agency is withholding at least 200 more documents than the 57 they have admitted they are keeping from us to protect intelligence sources.” Victor Marchetti, a former executive assistant to the agency's deputy director, agrees with Gersten. The entire exercise, Marchetti wrote recently in a magazine article, “has the same aroma of the agency's previous messy efforts to hide its involvement in drugs and mind‐control operations, both prime examples of a successful intelligence cover‐up.”
The first sighting to be labeled a “flying saucer” by the press occurred on June 24, 1947, when an Idaho businessman flying his plane near Mount Rainier observed nine disc‐shaped objects making undulating motions “like a saucer skipping over water.” As early as World War II, Allied bomber pilots had told of “balls of light” that followed their flights over Japan and Germany. A U.S. Eighth Army investigation concluded that the of “mass hallucination.”
These and other incidents were reported in a 1973 book by David Michael Jacobs, “The UFO Controversy in America,” which until the recent release of Government documents was the most comprehensive reconstruction of the Government's U.F.O. involvement. When Scandinavians reported cigar‐shaped objects in 1946, U.S. Army intelligence suspected that the Russians had developed a secret weapon with the help of German scientists from Peenemiinde. The C.I.A., then known as the Central Intelligence Group, secretly began keeping tabs on the subject. When the unknown objects returned to the skies, this time over the United States in the summer of 1947, the Army Air Force set out to determine what the objects were. Within weeks, Brig. Gen. George F. Schulgen of Army Air Corps Intelligence requested the F.B.I.'s assistance “in locating and questioning the individuals who first sighted the so‐called flying discs....” Undoubtedly swayed by flaring cold‐war tensions, Schulgen feared that “the first reported sightings might have been by individuals of Communist sympathies with the view to causing hysteria and fear of a secret Russian weapon.” J. Edgar Hoover agreed to coopreau have “full access to discs recovered.” The Air Force's behind‐thescenes interest contrasted sharply with its public stance that the objects were products of misidentifications and imaginative populace. A security lid was imposed on the subject in July 1947, hiding potentially “embarrassing situation” the following month, when both the Air Force and the F.B.I. began suspecting they might actually be investigating our own secret weapons. High‐level reassurances were obtained that this was not so.
By the end of the summer, the F.B.I. had “failed to reveal any indication of subversive individuals being involved in any of the reported sightings.” A RESTRICTED Army letter that found its way to Hoover's desk said that the bureau's services actually had been enlisted to relieve the Air Forces “of the task of tracking down all the many instances which turned out to be ashcan covers, toilet seats and whatnot.” Incensed, Hoover moved quickly to discontinue the bureau's U.F.O. investigations.
In September of that year, the Commanding General of the Army Air Force received letter from the Army Chief of Staff Lieut. Gen. Nathan F. Twining, saying that “the phenomenon reported is of something real and not visionary or fictitious,” that the objects appeared to be disc‐shaped, “as large as man‐made aircraft,” and “controlled either manually, automatically or remotely.” At Twining's request, project “Sign” was established.
“Sign” failed to find any evidence that the objects were Soviet secret weapons and before long submitted an unofficial “Estimate of the Situation,” classified TOP SECRET, which indicated that U.F.O.'s were of interplanetary origin. The estimate eventually reached Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. Hoyt S. Vandenberg, who rejected it for lack of proof. “Sign's” inconclusive final report remained classified for the next 12 years.
After “Sign,” the Air Force continued to collect U.F.O. data under the code name “Grudge.” This six‐month project found no evidence of foreign scientific development and therefore no direct threat to national security. It did, however, stress that the reported sightings could be dangerous. “There are indications that the planned release of related psychological propaganda would cause a form of mass hysteria,” the report stated. “Employment of these methods by or against an enemy would yield similar results ... governmental agencies interested in psychological warfare should be informed of the results of this study."
A press release following the termination of “Grudge” allowed the public to believe that the Air Force was no longer interested in U.F.O.'s. But the Air Force continued to collect reports through normal intelligence channels until a dramatic sighting of a U.F.O. at the Army Signal Corps radar center in Fort Monmouth, N.J., in 1951 led to the reactivation of “Grudge.” The Air Force project was renamed “Blue Book” in 1952, a year that saw a record number of U.F.O. reports.
The situation got out of hand during the summer of 1952. On the morning of July 28, the Washington Post revealed that U.F.O.'s had been tracked on radar at Washington National Airport, the second such incident in a week. Reporters stormed Air Force headquarters in the Pentagon, where switchboards were jammed for days with U.F.O. inquiries. Military installations across the country handled such a volume of reports that “regular intelligence work had been affected,” reported The New York Times.
These events prompted action at C.I.A. headquarters, apparently at a request “from the Hill.” From the start, the agency's involvement was to be kept secret. An August 1 C.I.A. memo recommended that “no indication of C.I.A. interest or concern reach the press or public, in view of their probable alarmist tendencies to accept such interest as ‘confirmatory’ of the soundness of ‘unpublished facts’ in the hands of the U.S. Government.”
The C.I.A.'s Office of Scientific Intelligence (O.S.I.) found that the Air Force's investigation of the U.F.O. phenomenon was not sufficiently rigorous to determine the exact nature of the objects in the sky. Neither did the Air Force deal adequately with the potential danger of U.F.O.‐induced mass hysteria, or the fact that our air vulnerability was being seriously affected by the U.F.O. problem. O.S.I. chief H. Marshall Chadwell thought that our nation's defenses were running the increasing risk of false alert and, worse yet, “of falsely identifying the real as phantom.” He suggested that a national policy be established “as to what should be told the public” and, furthermore, that immediate steps be taken to improve our current visual and electronic identification techniques so that “instant positive identification of enemy planes or missiles can be made.” Ever vigilant, the C.I.A. was keeping an eye on the possibility that U.F.O.'s could be of Soviet origin.
By the winter of 1952, Chadwell had drafted National Security Council proposal calling on program to solve the problem of instant positive identification of U.F.O.'s. In a memo that accompanied the proposal, Chadwell urged that the reports be given “immediate attention.” He thought that “sightings of unexplained objects at great altitudes and traveling at high speeds in the vicinity of major U.S. defense installations are of such nature that they are not attributable to natural phenomena or known types of aerial vehicles.” He said that O.S.I. was proceeding with the establishment of a consulting group “of sufficient competence and stature to ... convince the responsible authorities in the community that immediate research and development on this subject must be undertaken.”
But C.I.A. Director Gen. Walter B. Smith's interest apparently lay elsewhere. In a letter to the Director of the Psychological Strategy Board, he expressed a desire to discuss “the possible offensive and defensive utilization of these phenomena for psychological warfare purposes.” Only later did Director Smith authorize recruiting an advisory committee of outside consultants.
The scientific panel met for four days beginning Jan. 14, 1953. Chaired by Dr. H.P. Robertson, an expert in physics and weapons systems, the panel essentially bestowed the scientific seal of approval on previously established official policy regarding U.F.O.'s. The distinguished panelists felt that all the sightings could be identified once all the data were available for a proper evaluation — in other words, the phenomena, according to the panel's report, were not “beyond the domain of present knowledge of physical sciences.” Neither did the panelists find U.F.O.'s to be a direct threat to national security, though they believed that the volume of U.F.O. reports could clog military intelligence channels, precipitate panic, and lead defense personnel to ignore real indications of hostile action. The panel worried about Soviet manipulation of the phenomenon; that the reports could make the public vulnerable to “possible enemy psychological warfare.” The real danger, they concluded, was the reports themselves.
Fearing that the myth of U.F.O.'s might lead to inappropriate actions by the American public, the panelists decided that a “broad educational program integrating efforts of all concerned agencies” must be undertaken. They sought to strip U.F.O.'s of their “aura of mystery” through this program of “training and ‘debunking.’ “ The program would result in the “proper recognition of unusually illuminated objects” and in a “reduction in public interest in ‘flying saucers.’ “ The panelists recommended that their mass‐media program have as its advisers psychologists familiar with mass psychology and advertising experts, while Walt Disney Inc. animated cartoons and such personalities as Arthur Godfrey would help in the educational drive. To insure complete control over the situation, the panel members suggested that flying‐saucer groups be “watched because of their potentially great influence on mass thinking if widespread sightings should occur. The apparent irresponsibility and the possible use of such groups for subversive purposes should be kept in mind.”
The panel's recommendations called for nothing less than the domestic manipulation of public attitudes. Whether these proposals were acted upon, the C.I.A. will not say. But the report was circulated among the top brass at the Air Technical Intelligence Center, the C.I.A.'s Board of National Estimates (of which Hoover was a member), the C.I.A.'s bureau chiefs, the Secretary of Defense, the chairman of the National Security Resources Board, and the director of the Federal Civil Defense Administration, who eventually sent a representative to meet with C.I.A. officials in order to “implement the appropriate aspects of the Panel's Report as applicable to Civil Defense.”
The Government's efforts in the 50's and 60's to squelch public apprehension over U.F.O.'s went beyond debunking and even touched the fiber of constitutionally protected free speech. According to author David Michael Jacobs, in 1953 the Air Force pressured Look magazine into publishing disclaimers throughout an article by retired Maj. Donald E. Keyhoe entitled “Flying Saucers From Outer Space.” Then again, in 1965, the Army — in a prepublication review denied clearance for a U.F.O.related article by one of its employees, Larry W. Bryant, a technical editor, until he took the issue to court.
Meanwhile, the C.I.A. and the F.B.I. proceeded routinely in the surveillance of U.F.O. organizations and U.F.O. enthusiasts. People with U.F.O. interests were checked out by the F.B.I. at the request of the C.I.A., the Air Force, or private citizens inquiring about possible subversive activities. None caused as much consternation as the case of Major Keyhoe and the organization he directed, the National Investigations Committee on Aerial Phenomena (NICAP). The C.I.A. appears to have had a protracted interest in NICAP, which was founded in 1956 and utilized by Keyhoe as an organizational tool for challenging the alleged Air Force cover‐up on U.F.O.'s. Both the C.I.A. and the Air Force were upset by NICAP's wide‐ranging influence. Its prestigious board of directors included, among others, Vice Adm. Roscoe Hillenkoetter, the first C.I.A. Director (1947‐1950). “The Air Force representatives believe that much of the trouble ... with Major Keyhoe ... could be alleviated,” states a C.I.A. memo dated May 16, 1958, “if the Major did not have such important personages as Vice Admiral R. H. Hillenkoetter, U.S.N. (Ret.) ... on the board. ...” The Air Force suggested that if the Admiral were shown the SECRET panel report he might understand and take “appropriate actions.” Whether or not the Air Force got through to the admiral, Hillenkoetter
The 60's saw further C.I.A. interest in NICAP. After flurry of Washington‐area sightings in 1965, the agency contacted NICAP about seeing some of its case files on the matter. Richard H. Hall, then NICAP assistant director, chatted with a C.I.A. agent in the NICAP office about the sightings, NICAP's methodology, and Hall's background. The agent's memo on the visit suggests that the C.I.A. had some role in mind for Hall, predicated upon his being granted a security clearance. Nothing apparently came of the suggestion. A later set of C.I.A. papers reveals an inter. est in NICAP's organizational structure and notes that “this group included some ex‐C.I.A. and Defense Intelligence types who advise on investigative techniques and NICAP‐Government relations.” There are presently three former C.I.A. employees on the NICAP board of directors, including Charles Lombard, a congressional aide to Senator Barry Goldwater, who is himself a NICAP board member; and retired U.S. Air Force Col. Joseph Bryan III. Bryan feels, as he did back in 1959 when he joined the board, that U.F.O.'s are interplanetary. NICAP's current president is Alan Hall, a former C.I.A. covert employee for 30 years.
In 1966, mounting discontent from members of the press. Congress and the scientific community compelled the Air Force to commission an 18month scientific study of U.F.O.'s under the direction of Edward U. Condon, professor of physics at the University of Colorado. The politically expedient study, in which onethird of the 91 cases examined remained unidentified, reiterated official policy with one novel twist: U.F.O.'s “educationally harmed” schoolchildren who were allowed to use science study time to read books and magazine articles about U.F.O.'s. Condon wanted teachers to withhold credit from any student U.F.O. project. The Air Force took the cue and disbanded project “Blue Book” in 1969.
Less than a decade later, the White House, perhaps in an attempt to make good Jimmy Carter's campaign promise to tell all about U.F.O.'s, suggested via science advisor Frank Press that possibly NASA could undertake a review of any significant new findings since Condon's study. NASA examined the offer, but saw no way to attack the problem on a scientific basis without physical evidence. They envisioned a public‐relations nightmare if they were to accept such a project, and so rejected it. A frank, in‐house evaluation of NASA's options, however, noted that a handsoff attitude only begged the question. So in good spirit, the space agency offered to examine any piece of physical evidence brought to its attention. That position led one Federal aviation official to comment: “If you get a piece of the thing, fine. But don't bother me with anything else.”
These days, the Air Force admits to nothing more than a “transitory interest” in the phenomenon, although military directives still exist for reporting U.F.O.'s.
The C.I.A. is still wary of the possibility that U.F.O.'s. may be of Soviet origin. “The agency's interest,” says Katherine Pherson, a public‐affairs officer for the C.I.A., “lies in its responsibility to forewarn principally of the possibility that a foreign power might develop a new weapons system that might exhibit phenomena that some might categorize as a U.F.O. But there is no program to actively collect information on U.F.O.'s.” The agency's interest cannot be denied, however, as two 1976 memos reveal.
The first, dated April 26, states: “It does not seem that the Government has any formal program in progress for the identification/solution of the U.F.O. phenomena. Dr. [name deleted] feels that the efforts of independent researchers, [phrase deleted], are vital for further progress in this area. At the present time, there are offices and personnel within the agency who are monitoring the U.F.O. phenomena, but again, this is not currently on an official basis.”
Another memo, dated July 14, and routed to the deputy chief in the Office of Development and Engineering, reads: “As you may recall, 1 mentioned my own interest in the subject as well as the fact that DCD [Domestic Collection Division] has been receiving U.F.O. related material from many of our S & T (Science and Technology] sources who are presently conducting related research. These scientists include some who have been associated with the Agency for years and whose credentials remove them from the ‘nut’ variety.”
If nothing else, the success of the U.F.O. paper chase may have lent U.F.O.'s a measure of respectability that has eluded the subject for the past third of a century. Though it appears that no U.F.O. sighting has ever represented an airborne Soviet or foreign threat, the possibility that such an event could occur remains foremost in the coldwar‐conscious Government mind. Should that threat come to pass, military officials believe, our nation's sophisticated defense system would know about it before someone getting a glass of milk in the middle of the night sees the threat hovering outside the kitchen window. Or so we are made to understand the Air Force's seemingly nonchalant advice to the public: “If you see a U.F.O. and you feel the situation warrants it, call your local police.”
submitted by KateVirginiaLivin to UFOs [link] [comments]

2024.05.28 14:39 capnriepie Moonlight/Sunshine Optimisation and Common Issues Guide (latency, frame drops, compression, noise, instability, colour desaturation and colour banding) - LONG READ

INTRODUCTION

I have been using Moonlight/Sunshine over the last few months and been blown away by this amazing technology. The ability to use my pc as what is essentially an on-demand gaming server is pretty incredible.
However, as I'm sure most of you have noticed, the experience is not without its problems straight out of the box - depending on your requirements. Over the last week, I have been experimenting with different configurations and scouring the internet for advice and optimisation guides on how to perfect my Moonlight/Sunshine experience.
I now believe I have reached a point where Moonlight is virtually indistinguishable from playing games natively on the host machine and I wanted to share my advice and settings with you, as well as address some of the most frustrating problems I faced and how I have all but perfected the performance and fidelity of my streaming experience.
I am not a developer nor do I have particularly advanced knowledge of encoding/decoding and streaming, so I will be writing this in an easy to digest way with those similar to myself in mind - avid gamers who just want a great looking and feeling Moonlight experience.
I will also not ask you to dive into .config files and start manually changing parameters. All the settings I use are set using the standard Sunshine/Moonlight interfaces or other menu screens on Windows that I am sure you are familiar with.

MY SPECS

HOST:
Gaming PC/Sunshine Server CPU: Ryzen 3900x GPU: NVIDIA RTX 3080 RAM: 32gb 3600MHz OS: Windows 11 22H2
CLIENT:
Apple Mac Studio CPU: M2 Max Silicon GPU: M2 Max Silicon RAM: 32gb OS: macOS Sonoma 14.5
PERIPHERALS:
HOST DISPLAY: Virtual EDID Display Adapter (important, I will come back to this) CLIENT DISPLAY: Acer Predator x34gs 3440x1440 144hz MOUSE: Logitech G604 (2.4ghz dongle connected to client) KEYBOARD: Keychron K10 (Bluetooth connected to client) (brown switch gang)
SUNSHINE:
Version: 0.23.1 - latest version as of writing this.
MOONLIGHT:
Version: 5.0.1
NETWORKING:
Wired:
I have my Gaming PC and Client Mac directly connected via link local (ethernet to ethernet) using a USB 3.0 network adapter on my host PC. This is probably overkill, but it's basically to remove any chance of network jitter, dropped frames or bandwidth limitations. Having your devices wired via a router will achieve the same results in terms of wired stability, given your routers total bandwidth limitations can handle the all the traffic in your household as well as streaming games.

WHAT THE POINT OF THIS GUIDE IS

As you can see, I'm not using the latest and greatest Intel chip or a 4090 on my host machine in my setup. I'm using a Mac as a client machine, which is arguably inferior in a multitude of ways in regard to the way Moonlight decodes and performs (yes, I know the M2 is still a beast, however Macs are not the most widely accepted devices used as clients). I am also using my KB via BT which is also not the most efficient or widely used set up for gaming - streaming or native.
I say all this is highlight the fact that I am not using some super high end or niche configuration in order to achieve great results. You could easily swap out any of the things listed for a less powerful component or device, and I promise you will still see amazing results.
Keep in mind that this guide will not boost performance where it physically cannot be boosted. You will not see higher fps or lower input lag than you are already seeing when using your setup natively. All this guide will assist you with is trying to create a 1:1 experience when using Moonlight and Sunshine. You are still at the mercy of your own hardware, so your mileage may vary.
I will split the guide into Sunshine, Moonlight, Host Machine and Client Machine, as well as address what issues these said settings fix, so read on and you might find the answer you've been searching for.
I will also assume that you have installed Sunshine and Moonlight on your devices, as I will not be covering how to set these up - there are plenty of guides out there showing this.

SUNSHINE

Starting with a fresh install of Sunshine on your host machine, these are the configuration settings that I have changed moving from left to right along the tabs.
GENERAL: all untouched - except for max clients as this is personal preference.
INPUT: all untouched - except for gamepad type: X360. This is again personal preference
AUDIO/VIDEO: all untouched - however it is a good idea to manually add your client displays resolution and FPS here if it is not already listed to ensure that the moonlight application itself is running at the same settings as your host/game/display.
NETWORK: all untouched
CONFIG FILES: all untouched
ADVANCED: Force specific encoder: NVIDIA NVENC
This will obviously depend on your host machines GPU and your preferred encoding method. As I am using a 3080, I use NVENC. I tried both quarter and full resolution two pass modes, but saw and felt no real benefit so I left it at default.
NVENC ENCODER: Performance Preset: P4
I played around with each of the presets to see which provided the best quality to latency experience and landed on P4. This will, again, depend on your host machines GPU capabilities, but I recommend playing with each one until you feel a noticeable amount of input lag or performance loss, then back it off 1 level.
INTEL/AMD/SOFTWARE ENCODING: These were all untouched as I am not using these methods, but if you are using any of these - make sure to force that specific encoder in the advanced tab, and play around with the presets and usage until you see a quality boost that doesn't impact your gameplay.
It may seem like these settings don't differ much from your own, but this isn't where any of the main issues I was having were fixed, just make sure to use the right encoder for your host, and set the relevant performance and latency settings to what's best for you.

MOONLIGHT

Starting with a fresh install of Moonlight, let's cover the settings I am currently using - but I will first go over how I have connected the client to Sunshine.
As I am using a wired link local, both devices now have a self assigned 169.254.x.x IP address. I also have my client machine connected to wifi for internet, as well as my host wired to the router via the motherboards ethernet adapter. I made sure to check both devices network settings and made note of each of these 4 IP addresses.
In the settings window, I have unticked the "Automatically find PCs on the local network" option. The reason for this is that while both my devices are directly connected, they are also sharing the same router for internet access and the host can therefore be discovered by the client via wifi. Disabling this option forces you to enter the IP address of the host and by entering the 169.254.x.x address, I now know for a fact that my connection is 1:1 and won't accidentally fall back to connecting via the router.
In most peoples situations, all of their hardwired devices will be running via a router only, but it is somewhat common (especially with Macs) to have wifi enabled as well as a LAN connection so disabling this auto discover setting is still helpful in knowing that the connection between host and client is the correct one you have chosen.
BASIC SETTINGS: Resolution and FPS: Matched to client display - 3440x1440/144 in my case
Bitrate: 150mbs (Max) - This is obviously overkill but works fine in my wired setup. If you experience jitter or stuttering due to having this set too high, I recommend this simple workflow to narrow down an appropriate setting:
Move in (approximate) half steps up and down the slider until you are satisfied. For eg. half the rate to 75 and check again - if it is stutter free then move it to 112 (adding 37, half of 75). If it then begins to stutter then move back down 18 steps (half of the 37 we just moved)
You will quickly be able to identify a range and finally a number that works for you and your network without causing stuttering or jitter.
Display Mode: Borderless windowed (default)
V-Sync/Frame Pacing: Both ticked If you are currently experiencing issues whilst having either of these settings on, leave them on for now as I will explain how and why these come into play later in the guide. HOWEVER if you are using a G-Sync enabled monitor on your client, then untick V-Sync only.
AUDIO/UI SETTINGS: Default settings - adjust these to personal preference and your current audio configuration needs.
INPUT/GAMEPAD SETTINGS: All unticked - again these are mostly personal preference and specific to your needs.
A few settings to be aware of here are: "Optimise mouse for Remote Desktop" and "Capture system keyboard shortcuts"
Optimise mouse will essentially use your clients mouse on top of the Moonlight stream, instead of "controlling" the host machines mouse. This can lead to issues when using in-game cursors or significant input lag with your mouse.
Capture system shortcuts will send commands like "alt-tab" to the host machine, rather than actually alt-tab you out of Moonlight on your client device. This can lead to issues such as not being able to quit the stream on Mac as the exit stream command is "ctrl-shift-opt-Q". As the host machine is still being fed the "cmd" key but can't interpret it, nothing happens - meaning you can't quit the stream on your client for eg.
HOST SETTINGS: Optimise game settings for streaming: ticked (default)
Quit app on host PC after ending stream: ticked - personal preference as to whether you want this, I preferred to know that my instance of streaming was closed when quitting.
ADVANCED SETTINGS: Video Decoder: Automatic - I will come back to this
Video Codec: HEVC - this is again personal preference, but I found marginally better decode and rendering times using HEVC as opposed to h.264. HEVC is, in most cases, not necessary and requires more processing from your host. See which works better in your case but it will most likely have little effect on the visual quality of the stream.
Enable HDR: ticked
This is where I managed to fix one of the first issues I came across that I could not (no matter how much bitrate or preset tinkering) resolve:
Compression artifacts and Banding
I use my monitor in SDR, and continually ignored this setting throughout my testing as it was irrelevant to my needs. HOWEVER, after much reading through Reddit and Github forums specifically, I discovered that enabling HDR doesn't force a HDR video signal to your client, it actually sends a HDR ready/10bit video stream instead.
So what does this mean?
Well for those of you, like myself, experiencing banding and noticeable compression in dark areas of games on 10bit displays - this is a GAME CHANGER as it virtually removed all traces of banding and compression across every game I tried. You will also notice that this setting greys out the Video Decoder option which is why it is set to "automatic" in my settings.
Automatically find PCs on the local network: unticked - for reasons listed above regarding manual entering the IP of the host machine.
Automatically detect blocked connections: ticked (default)

HOST MACHINE

Now let's look at some of the changes and tweaks I have made on the host machine and what issues they fixed for me, and will hopefully fix for you too.
Virtual Display Adapter: I mentioned this in my specs and arguably one of the biggest changes you can make to reduce/remove resolution and frame rate related problems in Moonlight, is having a virtual display adapter or virtual EDID minder used as the host machines primary display.
u/xuvvy0 wrote a phenomenal post over on cloudygamer explaining what this adapter is and how to install and configure it. I will leave a link to their post here as I won't be covering this process in this guide.
Essentially this driver is a "fake" display you can tell your host machine to use when streaming to your client. This way you are not limited or affected by any of the properties of the actual display you have physically connected to your host device.
For eg. If you have a 4k 60hz display on your host, but want to use moonlight on a device connected to a 1080p 180hz panel, using a virtual display adapter will allow you to configure your hosts display to a 1080p 180hz display meaning that your stream resolution is now 1:1 with your client display.
If you are worried about the fact of having to manage different resolutions and refresh rates for multiple clients, you can use something like sunshine_utils to run "Do" and "Undo" commands in Sunshine that will set the resolutions and refresh rates you specify on a per-application basis.
V-Sync: We are all familiar with v-sync and what it does, Whether it be in-game or G-Sync/FreeSync. Using something like Moonlight, however, caused confusion on my end as to where in the "chain" v-sync needed to be activated - I am sure some of you had similar experiences as made clear by the amount of v-sync related questions I saw on Reddit and other forums.
This tweak made a noticeable difference to another minor issue that I had noticed after using Moonlight for a few days:
Frame pacing and Input lag
Neither of these issues were enough to be game breaking or deter me from using Moonlight, but it was hard to ignore how buttery smooth and input-lag-free it was when switching back to gaming natively, that was until I made this simple change.
Essentially disable any form of v-sync on the host machine - NVIDIA/AMD control panel, in-game, RTSS or any other form of synching software. Disable it.
This means your host machine is encoding uncapped, delay-free, stutter-free video packets to send to your client device. Any v-sync you would like to use should only be applied on the client end, once the stream has been received. I personally find the built in v-sync in Moonlight to be great and have no tearing issues whatsoever, but if you use a G-Sync enabled monitor then by all means use that and disable v-sync in Moonlight. I can almost guarantee that this will restore that buttery high-frame rate high that we are all chasing (obviously limited by your hardware capabilities)
Audio Pops and Crackles I didn't personally experience many audio related issues when using this setup, but I did when trying to stream to my Steamdeck, and here is how I managed to ensure my gaming sessions were pop/crackle free:
These changes helped to drastically reduce sample rate issues, which can cause clicks and pops, as well as crackling that almost sounds like distortion or clipping. If you aren't using Windows PC as a host machine, there will be ways to alter these exact same settings in your OS, although I am not familiar with how to do this off the top of my head.
Other Misc PC Tweaks (Windows) Some other quick changes that you can make to try and get the most out of your host machines processing and encoding power is:
This seems to be linked to stuttering and freezing on the encoder end. I have not seen any of these issues firsthand, although I had HAGS disabled prior to ever using Moonlight in the first place.
This is a pretty common piece of advice for PC gaming in general, but to make sure you aren't missing out on any of your host machines processing power, make sure there are no power saving settings enabled that could be bottlenecking your PCs performance.

CLIENT MACHINE

Hopefully by now you are already having a much more stable, better looking and smoother Moonlight experience. There are a couple more issues that I managed to resolve with a few further tweaks to the client device that have truly made Moonlight amazing. Hopefully these more obscure issues can be resolved for anyone else who has come across them.
Client Machine Colour Profile: Quite a few posts both in and outside of this subreddit were related to the colour disparity between gaming on their host machine natively and through Moonlight. The most common issue, and the one I also faced, was a noticeable desaturation of the colour spectrum on the client machine - leading to a more washed out and less vibrant image, especially when using the same display with the exact same OSD settings etc.
I actually managed to fix this and haven't seen this solution posted anywhere else, so I really hope it helps at least one other person out there dealing with this issue!
Regardless of your client machines OS, there will be some kind of colour profile being used - this can be found by looking in "colour management" in the control panel on Windows or by going to the display settings on macOS. For other systems, there will be away to find it, you may just have to dig around or do a bit of googling.
Changing the client machines colour profile to match the host machines fixed the colour issue.
By default, my windows PC had its profile set to "sRGB IEC61966-2.1" My Mac Studio had defaulted to the colour profile provided by my display. I changed my Macs profile to sRGB IEC61966-2.1 and boom, 1:1 colour whether native or streaming with Moonlight.
HiDPI Displays and Scaling (Mac Specific): This is a bit of a weird one, and was mainly brought on by myself, but I think it can still be helpful.
As I don't use a high dpi Apple display, the image from my Mac doesn't always look super sharp like you expect from a MacBook Pro or iMac display. This is due to the lower dpi on most displays and the way Macs scale the image. To get around this, there is a commonly used app called "BetterDisplay" which essentially upscales the image to a "HiDPI" looking image, in order to sharpen the look of the Mac, and it works great!
However, when I first used Moonlight, I immediately noticed the stream from my PC was blurry, unsharp, and pretty hard to look at. It wasn't long until I realised that my "HiDPI" mode was actually having the opposite effect on a Windows display, causing a blur effect. Disabling this mode immediately caused the Windows UI to literally snap into focus and become razor sharp. If you use BetterDisplay and are having this issue - this is something to try.
I have also seen posts on the Sunshine Github regarding this happening organically to people actually using high dpi monitors such as a Studio Display, and getting a badly scaled, blurry image from the Windows Host. While I haven't tried this, I would be very interested to see if enabling something like HiDPI mode on BetterDisplay could actually fix this for you when using Moonlight - but I have no evidence to support this advice.

CONCLUSION

Thank you for taking the time to read this guide. I really hope this helps some of you get as close to a no-compromise streaming solution as possible, as well enjoy your Moonlight/Sunshine experience that little bit more.
I am happy to try and clarify any instructions that don't make sense, although I have really tried to make this guide as clear and concise as possible - despite its colossal size.
Good luck and happy Moonlighting!
submitted by capnriepie to MoonlightStreaming [link] [comments]

2024.05.28 12:44 Incognito_Canadian KarmaLab's Drop It Like It's Hot: May 2024

KarmaLab's Drop It Like It's Hot: May 2024
Please note this newsletter is for internal use only.
https://preview.redd.it/wluf1mzf853d1.png?width=2400&format=png&auto=webp&s=2b06b67cc36aa7e8c8ae8768961895decc002af5
TL;DR: Hello, howdy and bonjour! Welcome to May’s edition of Drop It Like It’s Hot. This month we’re bringing you the usual content with a special Spring twist. Read on to discover what’s hot in KarmaLab this month.
https://preview.redd.it/zxboyzwj853d1.png?width=2400&format=png&auto=webp&s=4ab9b69f68479c61dcdd135360951a04d5b38887
Content Round Up:
New Releases: AI Copywriting Tool
Remember the AI Copywriter Tool we recently launched for internal use? Well surprise! It’s now generally available (yes, to our advertisers) for public Beta!
https://preview.redd.it/3aa1w2wp853d1.png?width=1434&format=png&auto=webp&s=881735b75952ae114fd17d4f7e63a7c5a81a31a5
You can find the tool in Ads Manager as AI Copywriter in the ads.reddit.com sidebar. We know there are still kinks being worked out, so there are plenty of legal disclaimers and a callout in the tool for users to leave feedback. And for your personal admin feedback, please continue to use this form.
Small PSA: this is more of a quiet launch until the team finalizes the branding for our larger suite of AI tools, at which point there will be a louder GTM push. Check out the Product Comms here for more information.
Recent RFPs + Workshops:
The Joker: Folie a Deux (EMEA): Warner Brothers is back in a big way for its launch of Joker II later this year. In an effort to launch the film with impact, we created a number of thought-starters including a Free Form ad dedicated to its latest score and an AMA with a Psychiatrist to better unpack mental illness, and open up a broader discussion around mental health following the film’s release.
Original KFC Response (EMEA): Do you believe in the chicken gospel? Well, you certainly will after reading this KFC response. For this campaign, we created a custom strategy and campaign idea for KFC, centered around inviting redditors to join the holy grail of chicken – KFC. All we have to say about this response is that it’s finger lickin’ good.
Paul vs Tyson on Netflix (US): For all you MMA fans out there, this is one you shouldn’t miss. We have a relatively new comer with a seasoned fighter. How will it turn out? You’ll only know if you tune in.
https://preview.redd.it/xikh1cw1953d1.png?width=2400&format=png&auto=webp&s=a882fd1fb71d4a493ff2aef584c8df8d4a304235
Live Campaigns:
Sony Pictures Ghostbusters (UK): Hate being ghosted and looking to find your Boo? Well you probably should swipe right on this Ghostbusters ad…
Wild Alaskan (US): This bear loves salmon. If you want to buy salmon, maybe you should listen to it.
Cheez-It (US): Cheez-it saw that many users are posting their furry friends with the snack. Well, they capitalized on the opportunity and made ads out of them!
Campaign Call Out: Google Spotlights the Best Chrome Hacks, according to Reddit.
https://preview.redd.it/fkpms5h8953d1.png?width=1162&format=png&auto=webp&s=5326b8b1082e7760283edfa7f288725c79d221bd
In an effort to promote Google Chrome in Poland, we took to Reddit to understand some of the best Google Chrome hacks out there. After diving deep into Chrome subreddits on the platform, we identified six life-changing hacks (their words, not ours) for Google Chrome and put them together in a custom Free Form Ad showcasing the reasons to believe in Chrome, all according to Reddit.
KarmaLab Strategist Spotlight
Name: Amanda Hoyle
We’ll be so sad to see you go. What’re some of your favorite things about being a snoo?
Oh this is a no brainer, the people! Reddit is filled with so many incredible humans and it's been an absolute privilege to work alongside all of you.
I also didn't hate the free food. Thank you, Sean Hinds!
How’s life outside of work?
Apart from processing aaaall of the feels about leaving Reddit, things are pretty great. I've recently moved into a new flat and I'm in the midst of planning a wedding, so lots of exciting things in the works!
What’s next? (For all the Amanda fans in the room)
I'm actually doing a complete 180 and following a lifelong dream to become an Interior Designer. I'll be attending design school in the Fall in London, and building my company over the next year or so. So, if you ever need an interior designer, you know who to call. 💁🏻‍♀️ (And yes, friends and family discounts do apply). Last but not least, while this doesn't directly answer a question, I wanted to say a huge heartfelt thank you to not only Reddit, but all the snoos for making my time here so special. Once a snoo, always a snoo. 🫶🏻
https://preview.redd.it/yvu60497c53d1.png?width=2400&format=png&auto=webp&s=bd52d8cc951052d9b3b7e879c661fd74e63ce7f2
  • KarmaLab Wiki: HERE
  • KarmaLab Highspot: HERE
  • Mockup templates: HERE
  • Production Workflow: HERE
  • Production Rate Card: HERE
  • Production Brief: HERE
  • Top Shelf Ideas: HERE
Have additional questions? Sign up for our Office Hours!
And for our friends across the pond, you can find office hours below:
submitted by Incognito_Canadian to u/Incognito_Canadian [link] [comments]

2024.05.28 11:51 icertglobal1 Leveraging CCBA Certification for Career Advancement and Networking

Leveraging CCBA Certification for Career Advancement and Networking
https://reddit.com/link/1d2fo42/video/0lfzptyu253d1/player
One way to do this is by obtaining the CCBA certification. The CCBA, or Certification of Competency in Business Analysis, is a professional certification offered by the International Institute of Business Analysis (IIBA). This certification can help you stand out in a competitive job market, advance your career, and expand your professional network. In this article, we will explore how leveraging the CCBA certification can benefit you in terms of career advancement and networking.
What is CCBA Certification?
The CCBA certification is designed for business analysts who have at least 3750 hours of hands-on business analysis experience. This certification demonstrates your expertise in business analysis and shows potential employers that you have the skills and knowledge needed to excel in this field. By becoming CCBA certified, you can enhance your credibility as a business analyst and open up new career opportunities.
Career Advancement with CCBA Certification
Obtaining the CCBA certification can significantly boost your career advancement prospects. Many employers value professionals who hold certifications like the CCBA, as it shows a commitment to continuous learning and professional development. With the CCBA certification on your resume, you may be eligible for higher-level positions, increased responsibilities, and higher salaries. Additionally, CCBA certification holders often have better job security and more opportunities for career growth.
Networking Benefits of CCBA Certification
Networking is essential for career success, and the CCBA certification can help you expand your professional network. By becoming CCBA certified, you will gain access to a community of like-minded professionals who can provide support, guidance, and mentorship. Attending CCBA training courses and events can also help you connect with industry leaders, potential employers, and colleagues in the field. Building a strong network can open doors to new career opportunities and collaborations.
CCBA Exam Preparation and Study Tips
Preparing for the CCBA exam requires dedication, time, and effort. To help you succeed, consider using a reliable CCBA study guide and study materials. These resources can provide you with valuable insights into the exam format, content, and best practices for success. Additionally, practice exams and study groups can help you assess your knowledge and build confidence before taking the exam. Remember to stay organized, create a study schedule, and prioritize topics that you find challenging.
Is CCBA Certification Worth It?
Many business analysts wonder if obtaining the CCBA certification is worth the investment of time and money. The answer is yes! The CCBA certification can significantly enhance your career prospects, increase your earning potential, and validate your expertise in business analysis. By investing in your professional development and obtaining the CCBA certification, you are demonstrating to employers and peers that you are committed to excellence in the field.
How to obtain CCBA Certification?
We are an Education Technology company providing certification training courses to accelerate careers of working professionals worldwide. We impart training through instructor-led classroom workshops, instructor-led live virtual training sessions, and self-paced e-learning courses.
We have successfully conducted training sessions in 108 countries across the globe and enabled thousands of working professionals to enhance the scope of their careers.
Our enterprise training portfolio includes in-demand and globally recognized certification training courses in Project Management, Quality Management, Business Analysis, IT Service Management, Agile and Scrum, Cyber Security, Data Science, and Emerging Technologies. Download our Enterprise Training Catalog from https://www.icertglobal.com/corporate-training-for-enterprises.php .
Popular Courses include:
  • Project Management: PMP, CAPM ,PMI RMP
  • Quality Management: Six Sigma Black Belt ,Lean Six Sigma Green Belt, Lean Management, Minitab,CMMI
  • Business Analysis: CBAP, CCBA, ECBA
  • Agile Training: PMI-ACP , CSM , CSPO
  • Scrum Training: CSM
  • DevOps
  • Program Management: PgMP
  • Cloud Technology: Exin Cloud Computing
  • Citrix Client Adminisration: Citrix Cloud Administration
The 10 top-paying certifications to target in 2024 are:
· Certified Information Systems Security Professional® (CISSP)
· AWS Certified Solutions Architect
· Google Certified Professional Cloud Architect
· Big Data Certification
· Data Science Certification
· Certified In Risk And Information Systems Control (CRISC)
· Certified Information Security Manager(CISM)
· Project Management Professional (PMP)® Certification
· Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH)
· Certified Scrum Master (CSM)
Conclusion In conclusion, leveraging the CCBA certification for career advancement and networking can provide you with numerous benefits. Whether you are looking to advance your career, expand your professional network, or increase your earning potential, obtaining the CCBA certification can help you achieve your goals. By investing in your professional development and taking the necessary steps to prepare for the exam, you can position yourself for success as a business analyst. Don't hesitate to take the next step and pursue your CCBA certification today!
For more information click here
Subscribe to our youtube channel : iCert Global
For Discounts use Coupon Code : INSTANT10
Our Website : www.icertglobal.com
mailto : [sam@icertglobal.org](mailto:sam@icertglobal.org)
Contact us : US: +1(713)-287-1214 IND: +91 988-620-5050
submitted by icertglobal1 to u/icertglobal1 [link] [comments]

2024.05.28 11:21 Count-Daring243 Best 22 Caliber Pellets

Best 22 Caliber Pellets
​
https://preview.redd.it/uoionjqhx43d1.jpg?width=720&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=ee8f2fe01853ae9e6b617c479a29d861ea087dcf
Welcome to our in-depth review of the top 22 Caliber Pellets on the market. Whether you're a seasoned shooter or just starting out, our roundup has got you covered. We've curated this list to include a range of top-quality pellets, suitable for any target shooting or hunting need.

The Top 19 Best 22 Caliber Pellets

  1. Portable Rimfire Bullet Trap for .22 Caliber Hunting Range Gear - Champion Rimfire Bullet Trap - the ultimate go-anywhere solution for .22 shooters, crafted from durable heavy-duty steel and featuring a 10" X 11" target area.
  2. Premium 74lb All-Natural Pellet Variety Bundle for Unbeatable Smoky Flavor - Experience the perfect blend of all-natural, high-intensity smoke flavors with our Pellet Bundle, featuring 74 pounds of premium pellets, including Ultimate Blend, Mesquite, Apple, and Cherry, for an unforgettable smoked meal taste.
  3. Apple-Infused BBQ Wood Pellets for Flavorful Grilling and Smoking Sessions - Elevate your grilling game with Cabela's BBQ Wood Pellets, offering versatile flavors for meat lovers, perfect for enhancing taste and aroma in charcoal, electric, or propane smokers and grills.
  4. 100% Pure Maple Wood Pellets for Grilling - Experience authentic maple wood-smoked flavor with Kingsford 100% Natural Hardwood Blend Pellets for grilling, featuring all-natural American hardwood and containing no artificial additives.
  5. High-Quality BBQ Blend Grilling Pellets for Outdoor Cooking - Experience the perfect blend of natural, 100% additive-free flavors with Tractor Supply's BBQ Grilling Pellets, perfect for enhancing your backyard BBQ.
  6. Nutrient-Rich Layer Pellet Feed for Laying Hens and Eggs - NatureServe Layer Pellets: 40 lb. high-protein feed for healthy chickens, ducks, geese, and turkeys, packed with essential oils, probiotics, and calcium for nutritional eggs and digestive support.
  7. Durvet Equine SandRID Psyllium Pellets for Horse Health and Comfort - Durvet Equine SandRID is an irresistible, pelleted apple and molasses flavored feed that effectively removes sand and dirt from horses' intestinal tracts, preventing colic, while also addressing constipation and improving stool consistency.
  8. Fruitwood Smoking Pellets for BBQ and Grilling: Apple Flavor, 10 Uses per Bag - Try Outdoor Magic Smoking Pellets - Apple for a mild, fruity, and subtly sweet smoke enhancer for your poultry, pork, lamb, and seafood dishes; perfect for up to 10 uses per 450g bag, with no need to soak, and a smoke duration of up to 30 minutes per 45g.
  9. Premium Oak, Mesquite, and Hickory Bear Mountain Craft Blends BBQ Pellets - Experience bold, premium BBQ flavor with Bear Mountain's 20LB Bold BBQ Pellets, made from 100% natural Oak, Mesquite, and Hickory hardwoods, perfect for all outdoor grills and smokers.
  10. Kauffman's Calming Pellets: Natural Supplement for Stress Relief and Mental Alertness for Horses - Kauffman's Calming Pellets is a top-rated, all-natural equine supplement, designed to promote relaxation, balanced behavior, and focus without causing drowsiness, featuring essential vitamins and minerals for optimal horse performance.
  11. Pit Boss Fall Blend 20-lb Wood Pellets for BBQ and Smoking - Pit Boss Fall Blend 20-lb Wood Pellets: Savor the rich, bold flavors of ethically sourced hardwood with little to no ash, perfect for grilling your favorite meats and vegetables.
  12. Premium Hardwood Competition Blend Pellets for Ultimate BBQ Flavor - Experience ultimate flavor with Camp Chef's Competition Blend Smoke Pro Premium Hardwood Pellets, the 100% natural, all-American pellets that deliver a perfect blend of maple, hickory, and cherry woods for consistent and delicious results every time.
  13. Cherry, Maple, and Hickory Pellets for Smokers - Experience delicious, all-natural low ash barbecue with Jealous Devil's 20 lbs. Jax Legendary Blend BBQ Pellets, perfect for enhancing your outdoor cooking experience.
  14. Nourishing High-Protein Flock Maker Pellets for Chickens and Poultry - Kalmbach Feeds 20% Flock Maker Pellet - 50 lb: Complete, balanced nutrition for mixed flocks with all-natural ingredients, promoting health, immunity, and growth.
  15. High-Protein 22% Gamebird & Poultry Feed: Enhance Your Farm Animals' Diet - Don Roberto La Cuida 22% Gamebird & Poultry Feed: A high-protein, flavorful pellet to enhance your feathered friend's condition and shine!
  16. Premium Oak, Mesquite, and Hickory Hardwood BBQ Pellets - Experience the Ultimate BBQ Experience with Bear Mountain BBQ Woods Hardwood Pellets - a bold, smoky, and all-natural blend perfect for your Texas-style eats.
  17. Premium 100% Oak BBQ Pellets for Grilling and Smoking - Indulge your taste buds with 100% pure Oak wood pellets from A-MAZE-N, delivering a natural, smoky flavor to your favorite foods, all without any fillers, additives, or artificial components.
  18. Premium Gourmet Hardwood Pellets for BBQ and Grilling - Experience the perfect balance of sweet and smoky flavor with Bear Mountain's 100% natural hardwood BBQ pellets, perfect for grilling and smoking on all outdoor and electric grills.
  19. Premium Canadian Sphagnum Peat Pellets for Seed Starting - Jiffy Peat Pellet Refill: The ultimate seed starting solution for weed-free, strong, and healthy plants. Perfectly swells to create self-contained pots for hassle-free transplanting!
As an Amazon™ Associate, we earn from qualifying purchases.

Reviews

🔗Portable Rimfire Bullet Trap for .22 Caliber Hunting Range Gear

​
https://preview.redd.it/ej1l2i3ix43d1.jpg?width=720&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=444e227419f67be15d1f825da8af19b36128ece6
After trying out the Champion Traps and Targets Rimfire Bullet Trap, I found myself quite impressed with its durability and functionality. As a. 22 rimfire shooter, I've faced certain challenges in the past when setting up targets for practice. This trap, however, proved to be a great solution.
One of the most notable features of this trap is its heavy-duty steel construction. This sturdy material ensures that the trap can withstand even the most powerful shots without any issues. The 10" X 11" target area, along with the "bulldog" target clip, makes it easy to set up and use for various shooting purposes.
However, I did encounter a few minor drawbacks. For one, I wish the trap was a bit taller to accommodate larger targets more effectively. Additionally, the issue of lead splatter is something to consider when using this trap indoors. In my experience, I had to be mindful of where I placed the trap to prevent contamination and maintain cleanliness.
Overall, I am quite pleased with the Champion Traps and Targets Rimfire Bullet Trap. It has made my shooting practice sessions much more convenient and enjoyable, and I appreciate the high-quality materials that went into its construction. Despite the minor drawbacks, I believe this trap is an excellent choice for anyone in need of a reliable and durable target for their. 22 rimfire shooting needs.

🔗Premium 74lb All-Natural Pellet Variety Bundle for Unbeatable Smoky Flavor

​
https://preview.redd.it/k9ugk3qix43d1.jpg?width=720&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=95de6def37d3a2bd22bda7b3d7bb536bbe061f43
With 74lbs of pellets at your fingertips, you'll be ready to create your own personalized blend or test each unique flavor individually. The Pellet Bundle comes equipped with a 20lb bag of the Ultimate Blend Pellets, alongside 18lb bags of Mesquite, Apple, and Cherry. The blend of these premium quality pellets ensures that you'll be able to impress both friends and family with a smoky, all-natural flavor profile.
One of the standout features that truly impressed me was the clean-burning fuel. With less than 1% ash production, you can say goodbye to the hassle of constantly cleaning up after use. Along with this, the high BTU average of 8500 ensures that you'll be able to achieve the desired heat when you need it.
However, the shipping experience was not up to par. My package arrived incomplete, and the replacement process was a bit of a struggle. The damaged boxes also added to the concern, as it affected the quality of the pellets. I've noticed that the pricing of these premium pellets can be on the higher side, which might be a drawback for some.
Despite the few drawbacks, I overall found the Pellet Bundle to be a great investment. The ease of use, combined with the wide variety of flavors, makes it a versatile option for all your grilling and smoking needs.

🔗Apple-Infused BBQ Wood Pellets for Flavorful Grilling and Smoking Sessions

​
https://preview.redd.it/gx233rxix43d1.jpg?width=720&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=79eb95847848c1164f7c4195ad2ab28503be45bf
I've been using Cabela's Apple wood pellets for a few months now, and I must say, they've made a significant impact on my grilling and smoking experience. The first thing I noticed was the pleasant aroma that quickly filled my yard as I started grilling. As someone who loves the taste of apple-infused dishes, I was excited to see how these pellets would work in conjunction with my grill.
One of the standout features of Cabela's Apple wood pellets is their versatility. They work perfectly with a wide range of meats, including chicken, turkey, pork, and beef. The subtle sweetness of the apples complements the flavor of the meat without overpowering it. I've used these pellets for everything from a simple backyard barbecue to a large-scale catering event, and they've never failed to impress my guests.
However, there were a few downsides to using Cabela's Apple wood pellets. For one, I noticed that they tended to create more ash than some of the other brands I've tried. This didn't significantly impact the taste of my food, but it did require a bit more cleaning up after each use. Additionally, I found that the pellets didn't always burn evenly, which sometimes led to temperature fluctuations in my grill.
Overall, I would highly recommend Cabela's Apple wood pellets to anyone looking to elevate their grilling game. While there are a few minor drawbacks, the mouthwatering flavor and aroma they bring to the table more than make up for it. Just be sure to clean up any extra ash and monitor your grill's temperature to ensure consistent results.

🔗100% Pure Maple Wood Pellets for Grilling

https://preview.redd.it/iubt7oejx43d1.jpg?width=720&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=7a3929341546c2831ef788f64547dace875b552e
​
As I was preparing my grill for a backyard BBQ, I decided to give the Kingsford 100% Natural Hardwood Blend Pellets a try. The thought of using maple pellets intrigued me and I hoped it would add a subtle sweetness to the meat. I must say, the experience was nothing short of delightful. The pellets burned evenly, giving off a lovely aroma that filled the air.
The taste was quite impressive. The fruitsiness from the maple wood went amazingly well with the proteins and vegetables I grilled. The salmon was particularly noteworthy, its flavor elevated by the smoky notes it picked up from the pellets. I also found that the 100% natural formula meant there were no artificial preservatives or additives present, which was a plus.
With the Kingsford pellets, I noticed a significant difference in the meat's texture. The grill heat was more controllable, and as a result, the meat was cooked evenly and was incredibly tender. One thing to note, however, is that it can be a bit tricky to light the pellets initially. Despite that, once they were going, it was smooth sailing.
The added convenience of their easy-to-open packaging was also a huge plus. It made them easy to scoop out of the bag and add to the grill, and the lightweight bag also meant that it was easy to handle.
However, it would have been even better if they provided clear instructions on grilling temperatures or perhaps a guide to the right amount of pellets needed, depending on the size and type of grill.
To sum it up, these Kingsford Maple pellets did indeed enhance my outdoor grilling experience. Though there are slight improvements needed, overall, it's a thumbs up from me.

🔗High-Quality BBQ Blend Grilling Pellets for Outdoor Cooking

​
https://preview.redd.it/kjsn8wljx43d1.jpg?width=720&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=3e2b0cd1c46dd77673ce11f36cd6eedcefe1af5a
Tractor Supply's BBQ Blend Grilling Pellets are the perfect fuel for your next outdoor cookout. From the moment you open the bag, you'll be greeted with an inviting aroma that teases your taste buds. These all-natural pellets are free of any additives, binders, or fillers, ensuring a pure, smoky flavor that will elevate your grilling game.
One of the highlights of these pellets is their versatility - they work fantastic on all types of grills, giving you the freedom to experiment with different cooking methods. Whether you're smoking a brisket, grilling chicken, or roasting vegetables, these pellets will deliver a consistent, smoky flavor that is sure to impress your family and friends.
However, not everything about these pellets is perfect. One of the drawbacks I encountered was the relatively low smoke output compared to other higher-end brands. Despite this shortfall, I still found that using a smoke tube with some hickory pellets made a noticeable difference in the overall smokeiness of the dish.
Another concern I had was with Tractor Supply's communication about the contents of this blend. While they do mention that the pellets contain no flavorings, fillers, or additives, it would be nice to have some more information about the specific types of hardwoods used in the mix.
Overall, I was pleasantly surprised by the Tractor Supply BBQ Blend Grilling Pellets. They provided a great balance of flavor and versatility at an affordable price. While they're not perfect, I would definitely recommend giving them a try if you're looking for a reliable and reasonably priced option to improve the taste of your outdoor cooking endeavors.

🔗Nutrient-Rich Layer Pellet Feed for Laying Hens and Eggs

​
https://preview.redd.it/xwo7fr2kx43d1.jpg?width=720&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=891bf1dc6bdab6cd74e43176fa9913d7c92f02c0
I recently started using this 40 lb NatureServe Layer Pellet feed in our backyard poultry farm. The unique smell and taste attracted my hens right away, and now they eagerly wait for feeding time! The key highlights for me are the prebiotics and probiotics that promote digestive health and nutrient absorption, which I believe has improved the overall well-being and egg production of my hens.
Nutritionally, this feed has the perfect 17% protein, which helps maintain my birds' health and strength. The presence of cinnamon, oregano, and white thyme essential oils provides immunity support, and I am delighted to see the difference it makes in our flock. Additionally, the inclusion of marigold and alfalfa gives the eggs an appealing golden color and richness that I never knew was possible.
One of the standout features for me is the flaxseed, which adds a great source of omega-3 fatty acids in the eggs. In just a few weeks of use, I have noticed a significant improvement in our egg quality, both in taste and size. And the fact that it can be fed to adult male and female chickens, along with ducks, geese, and turkeys, makes it incredibly versatile.
However, one drawback I have observed so far is the relatively higher price compared to other feeds. Despite this, the benefits it offers and the noticeable improvement in my birds' health and egg production are well worth it for me. Overall, I'm more than satisfied with the NatureServe Layer Pellet feed and will continue to use it to ensure my flock's well-being and our family's enjoyment of wholesome, nourishing eggs.

🔗Durvet Equine SandRID Psyllium Pellets for Horse Health and Comfort

​
https://preview.redd.it/pth3yfmkx43d1.jpg?width=720&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=2927ac2741dbb292791d7f25b556e05b91e02f2b
In my daily life, I've been using Durvet Equine SandRID pellets as a top-notch solution for addressing various digestive issues in horses. This versatile product is great for preventing sand colic and aiding in the removal of sand and dirt from the intestinal tract.
The apple and molasses flavor is definitely a hit among the horses, making it an easy product to incorporate into their diet, whether fed alone or used as a top dress. The psyllium seed husk in these pellets efficiently gathers and lubricates sand for smooth passage, ensuring the horse's well-being.
However, I've noticed that the pellets can sometimes be a bit challenging to administer, which might require some extra effort. Despite this minor inconvenience, I continue to rely on Durvet Equine SandRID as a key component of my horse's preventive care program.

🔗Fruitwood Smoking Pellets for BBQ and Grilling: Apple Flavor, 10 Uses per Bag

​
https://preview.redd.it/48fg8svkx43d1.jpg?width=720&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=26337cad03da627ce5a3586ed221334511f60414
I recently tried the Outdoor Magic Smoking Pellets - Apple variety, and boy, was it a delightful experience! The 450g zip lock bag was so convenient, especially since it doesn't need to be soaked before use.
One impressive feature was its durability, lasting up to 10 uses! And let's not forget the smoking time it allowed, up to 30 minutes per 45g. Now, that's a considerable bonus when you're in the thick of grilling.
The apple-flavored pellets did not disappoint. The subtle aroma was exactly what I wanted for my roasted poultry dishes. The mild, fruity, and slightly sweet flavor perfectly balanced the robustness of the meat. The taste was a standout, especially with ham and seafood.
However, I did notice that it wasn't as strong a flavor enhancer for beef as some other pellets I've tried. But that's just a minor drawback in the grand scheme of its great qualities.
Though I didn't try it, I've heard the 22 Caliber Pellets variety is equally exciting. Despite its fruity sweetness, the apple version has become my go-to for most of my grilling needs at home. It truly is a magic pellet, just as the name suggests!

🔗Premium Oak, Mesquite, and Hickory Bear Mountain Craft Blends BBQ Pellets

​
https://preview.redd.it/istbra7lx43d1.jpg?width=720&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=8b60c1f82a705c879ce3ca0b993c61047e2aa298
Trying out Bear Mountain Craft Blends' 20-pound Bold BBQ hardwood pellets was like discovering my hidden culinary talents. To say the least, it made my backyard BBQs more exciting and pleasantly aromatic! With a mix of all-natural Oak, Mesquite, and Hickory, these pellets proved to be the perfect answer for creating rich, bold flavors and a satisfying low-temperature smoke.
It really surprised me how well the pellets work; they've been a game-changer! I can now cook on outdoor pellet, gas, charcoal, or electric grills and smokers with confidence knowing I won't end up with a flavorless burger. Speaking of the grills, I've tried them with different ones, and they always produced consistent, delicious results. No flavorings, fillers, or additives spoiled the flavor, making it the ultimate pellet for BBQ enthusiasts like me. It's also great that it has a low moisture content, ensuring the perfect amount of smoke every time.
But there's one downside - it's 20 pounds and I go through it quickly. While it's great for those big BBQ parties, I'm a casual cooker, myself. I wish they had a smaller, more suitable size for people like me who don't host parties. But overall, this product is exceptional and has earned its place in my BBQ toolbox. Highly recommended for the flavor-obsessed!

🔗Kauffman's Calming Pellets: Natural Supplement for Stress Relief and Mental Alertness for Horses

https://preview.redd.it/uejic6plx43d1.jpg?width=720&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=9b8986b155458f13d5f846dcdee706ff143ba7e2
​
As a horse owner, I've been using Kauffman's Calming Pellets for some time now and can confidently say they've made a significant difference in my horse's demeanor. The supplement works as a natural stress reliever and ensures that my horse maintains a balanced temperament, making it easier for me to train him during competitions.
One of the most striking features of this product is its combination of essential ingredients, including Magnesium, Vitamin B-1, and Inositol. These key components not only support my horse's overall well-being but also keep him focused and alert throughout training sessions. I particularly appreciate that Kauffman's Calming Pellets don't contain tryptophan or other herbal components that could lead to unwanted side effects.
What sets Kauffman's Calming Pellets apart from other similar products is their win in the 2013 Good Horsekeeping Calmer Challenge, showcasing their effectiveness in helping horses cope with external stresses. Additionally, the pellets are easy to administer and come with a convenient enclosed scoop for accurate measurements.
That being said, I've noticed that the pellets can sometimes be a bit crumbly, which requires extra care when storing them to prevent spillage. However, this minor issue does not outweigh the numerous benefits this product provides for my horse's overall well-being and performance.
In conclusion, Kauffman's Calming Pellets are a reliable and effective solution for helping horses cope with stress and maintain a balanced temperament. The combination of essential ingredients, easy administration, and absence of unwanted side effects make this supplement a top choice for any horse owner.

🔗Pit Boss Fall Blend 20-lb Wood Pellets for BBQ and Smoking

​
https://preview.redd.it/8i7h5wulx43d1.jpg?width=720&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=f6518ed75a7b9bd3efe41b77dd202147b410dd8b
As a proud owner of the Pit Boss Fall Blend Wood Pellets, I've grown to appreciate their blend of oak and hickory. It's a versatile product that I've used for a range of meats, from beef to poultry, and it hasn't let me down yet.
One of the most noticeable features is the reduced amount of ash that these pellets produce. It makes the cleanup process much easier and convenient. However, I also noticed that the pellets are larger than some other brands, which could be a drawback for some users.
The packaging is also a commendable feature. The 20-pound bag is an ideal size for my pellet grill, and the Fall Blend Wood Pellets come with a convenient label that indicates their flavor clearly. The company has done a great job with their product, and it's no wonder that it has received an impressive 4.8-star rating from 32 reviews.
In terms of cooking, the pellets provide a consistent heat and allow me to easily control the temperature. The smoke flavor they impart is subtle yet sufficient, and I've found that it enhances the flavor of any meat I grill or smoke. It's hands down one of the best wood pellets I've used so far.

🔗Premium Hardwood Competition Blend Pellets for Ultimate BBQ Flavor

​
https://preview.redd.it/v3gtuq9mx43d1.jpg?width=720&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=93c519b5c2519588c45a212d7cf08fd099a75a06
Imagine sitting around a campfire with your best friends, roasting marshmallows and swapping stories. But instead of the typical wood, imagine using a blend of maple, hickory, and cherry hardwood pellets to fuel the flames. Camp Chef's Premium Hardwood Pellets not only bring that warm and inviting atmosphere to your backyard, but they also cook your food to perfection.
The Premium Hardwood Pellets are made from 100% pure virgin hardwoods, with no byproducts, and they're kiln-dried for a very low moisture content. This results in a hot and efficient burn that requires fewer pellets to reach your desired temperature. It also means less residual ash to clean up, giving you more pellets for your next BBQ.
One of the things that stood out to me during my experience was the blend of these three types of wood. Maple, hickory, and cherry provide a delicious mix of flavors that complement any meal, from breakfast to dinner. Plus, they're all-natural, so you don't have to worry about any added fillers or chemicals.
However, I did notice a slight concern - the short length of the pellets. At about 1/2" on average, they're much smaller than other brands I've tried. While the company claims this is ideal for a faster, hotter burn, I couldn't help but worry about the potential for dust and moisture buildup in the auger or other parts of the grill, which could lead to sub-optimal operation or even failure.
But overall, the Camp Chef Premium Hardwood Pellets have been a great addition to my backyard barbecues. The blend of flavors, the all-natural ingredients, and the efficient burn make it worth the investment. And with the ability to stock up with periodic sales, it's a cost-effective choice compared to other brands on the market.

🔗Cherry, Maple, and Hickory Pellets for Smokers

​
https://preview.redd.it/xi2dikqmx43d1.jpg?width=720&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=e9f4ab0272466f10f28cb6e74f6df92d5f8dfb4e
As a BBQ enthusiast, I've tried my fair share of smoky pellets, but Jealous Devil's 20 lbs. Jax Legendary Blend BBQ Pellets have truly been a game-changer in my smoking and grilling routine. The perfect harmony of cherry, maple, and hickory hardwoods creates a mouth-watering, robust yet nuanced flavor that elevates my BBQ game to new heights.
One of the standout features of these pellets is their natural, no-filler, no-binder, and no-additive makeup. Crafted in a state-of-the-art facility in the United States, I know I'm getting the finest ingredients in every bag. Despite a slight dust issue during shipment, I found no negative impact on the cooking process, and the superior quality of the pellets more than compensated for this minor inconvenience.
Moreover, these pellets are optimized for pellet smokers, which provides a longer and cleaner burn. The consistency of the pellets is impressive, and there's very little debris in the box. The only downside I've encountered is the packaging, which could use some improvement to better contain the dust. Regardless, the superior quality of the pellets and their unparalleled flavor have made them an indispensable part of my BBQ routine. I wholeheartedly recommend Jealous Devil's Jax Legendary Blend BBQ Pellets to any fellow BBQ aficionado.

🔗Nourishing High-Protein Flock Maker Pellets for Chickens and Poultry

​
https://preview.redd.it/9k17701nx43d1.jpg?width=720&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=b4de1291811bd20c4818608ec7473612fe062f1c
As a poultry enthusiast, I've had the pleasure of trying Kalmbach's All Natural 20% Flock Maker Pellets for my mixed flock of birds. The first thing that stood out to me was the feed's versatility, catering to a wide variety of birds from chickens to geese. I particularly appreciated the high vitamin A and E levels, which support the overall health and immunity of my poultry.
As for cons, the chickens seemed to have a preference for the 17% protein variant, consuming it with more enthusiasm. However, I couldn't fault the quality of the product - the feed looked, smelled, and even tasted pleasant while remaining dust-free upon arrival. The inclusion of LifeGuard, a proprietary blend of prebiotics, probiotics, essential oils, and enzymes, further enhanced the digestive and immune functions of my birds.
Overall, Kalmbach's All Natural 20% Flock Maker Pellets proved to be a reliable and nutritious option for my mixed flock of poultry. The combination of its high-quality ingredients, versatility, and ease of use make it a strong contender in the crowded poultry feed market.

Buyer's Guide

When it comes to hunting or target shooting, the choice of ammunition plays a crucial role in achieving accuracy and efficiency. The 22 Caliber Pellets are a popular choice among beginners and experienced shooters alike. In this buyer's guide, we will discuss the important features to consider when selecting 22 Caliber Pellets, as well as general advice for making the best purchase.

Velocity

Velocity refers to the speed at which the pellet travels when fired. Higher velocity often results in better accuracy and increased stopping power. When comparing different 22 Caliber Pellets, make sure to check their advertised velocity specification.
​
https://preview.redd.it/l99pjhpox43d1.jpg?width=720&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=9a8520af1be54241d6ff6fecfc7094e9f67e147a

Ammunition Type

There are several types of ammo available for the 22 Caliber, including lead, copper-plated, and hollow point. Each type offers distinct advantages; for instance, hollow point bullets might be more lethal but could also damage wood or metal structures. Factors such as your intended use and shooting range should drive the choice of ammo type.

Projectile Weight

Projectile weight affects the pellet's velocity, range, and hitting power. Heavy pellets tend to be more stable and deliver greater stopping power but reduce the pellet's range. Lighter pellets cover longer distances but might not deliver the same stopping force. Consider your shooting environment and target distance when choosing the appropriate projectile weight.

Ballistic Coefficient

The ballistic coefficient is an important factor in determining a pellet's flight path and stability. A higher ballistic coefficient typically results in better flight stability and less wind drift. If you're shooting long distances or in windy conditions, look for pellets with a high ballistic coefficient.
​
https://preview.redd.it/e6zq4wxox43d1.jpg?width=720&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=467c15867704e1a6b8a833646b1d9b082b625005

Price and Quantity

When purchasing ammunition, price and quantity should be taken into account. Generally, bulk purchases can save money, but ensure that the quantity will be sufficient for your intended use. Some manufacturers offer discounted packages with higher quantities.

Brand Reputation

Brand reputation matters in ammunition selection. Established brand names, like Federal and CCI, are known for their high-quality products and consistent performance. Stick to reputable brands to ensure dependable results and reduced malfunctions.
When purchasing 22 Caliber Pellets, carefully consider the features outlined in this guide. By factoring in velocity, ammunition type, projectile weight, ballistic coefficient, price, quantity, and brand reputation, you'll be better equipped to make a knowledgeable and informed decision for your specific shooting requirements.

FAQ

​
https://preview.redd.it/p0ftgxcpx43d1.jpg?width=720&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=83eb125682101090573ba34f91bed866250c14e9

What are 22 caliber pellets?

22 caliber pellets are small, metal projectiles used for shooting sports and hunting. They are commonly used with a. 22 Long Rifle firearm and come in various types, including lead, steel, and copper-plated lead.

What are the advantages of using 22 caliber pellets?

22 caliber pellets offer several advantages, such as low recoil, lower ammunition costs compared to other calibers, higher accuracy, and suitable for various shooting disciplines.

What types of 22 caliber pellets are available?

Types of 22 caliber pellets include lead pellets, steel pellets, and copper-plated lead pellets. Each type has its own benefits and drawbacks, such as lead being soft and prone to deformation, whereas steel pellets are harder and more resistant to deformation but may cause more damage to target materials.
​
https://preview.redd.it/4zz8e2qpx43d1.jpg?width=720&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=2f683d48d5fff4ed939bdae16fb2f818089c5cb4

What is the difference between lead, steel, and copper-plated lead pellets?

  • Lead pellets: Soft and prone to deformation upon impact. They are affordable and suitable for target shooting, but may not perform as well for pest control or hunting.
  • Steel pellets: Harder and more resistant to deformation than lead. They can be less expensive than copper-plated lead pellets and are suitable for target shooting and hunting.
  • Copper-plated lead pellets (CPL): A combination of lead for weight and copper for hardness. CPL pellets provide better accuracy, durability, and resistance to deformation compared to pure lead pellets.

What are some popular brands of 22 caliber pellets?

Popular brands of 22 caliber pellets include CCI, Federal, Remington, Winchester, and Hornady. Each brand offers a variety of pellet types and loading options.

What is the recommended distance for 22 caliber pellets?

The recommended distance for 22 caliber pellets depends on the type of pellet, shooting conditions, and personal shooting preferences. Generally, 22 caliber pellets are suitable for distances up to 100 yards for target shooting and up to 200 yards for hunting.

Can I use 22 caliber pellets for hunting small game?

Yes, 22 caliber pellets can be used for hunting small game, such as rabbits and squirrels. However, it is essential to choose the right type of pellet (e. g. , steel or copper-plated lead) and practice proper shooting techniques to ensure a clean and humane kill.

How can I tell the quality of 22 caliber pellets?

Look for the following features to determine the quality of 22 caliber pellets: accurate weight measurements, consistent shape, and free of visible defects like lead splinters or misshapen pellets.

What is the best way to store 22 caliber pellets?

Store 22 caliber pellets in a cool, dry, and dark place, away from moisture, humidity, and direct sunlight. Use a Pelican-style plastic case or a metal ammunition box with desiccant packs to prevent rust and maintain the pellets' condition.
As an Amazon™ Associate, we earn from qualifying purchases.
submitted by Count-Daring243 to u/Count-Daring243 [link] [comments]

2024.05.28 08:01 Southern-Ad5359 Ensuring Safety and Comfort with Our Range of Dog Muzzles and Prong Collar Covers

Introduction
The safety, comfort and training efficiency of your dog is the driving force for us. Through supply of the various dog training equipment, we provide for what both the dog trainer and the pet require of this equipment. We provide utmost care for your dogs in different gear be them dog muzzles, prong collar covers and even complex ones like handler vests and bite tugs. So you can improve your training and the safety of your dogs is still ensured.
Dog Muzzles: Pushing of the Control and Compliance Sector
Dog muzzles are extremely beneficial As sources of altering canine actions and ensuring the major of your dog and those around him/her. Regardless if you are doing obedience training, handling with aggression, or trying to curtail your dog from chewing on or even barking at anything, a muzzle is handy for your use.
Our collection of dog muzzles includes several types to cater for various needs used under different situations and by owners with preferences. Instead of hard wire muzzles that only allow panting and drinking, we have basket muzzles with fabric ones that are made out of soft materials only for limited use like grooming or a visit to your vet.
Made of high-grade materials including strong nylon, mesh for breathability, and soft padding, the muzzles will form a snug fit with reduced irritation. Adjustable straps are good for size fit and comfort even for dogs with different shapes and sizes and that being said, the additional features e. g. padded nose guard and sewing reinforcement increase durability and usability of the product.
Prong Collar Covers: Improving comfort and functionality
Pin collars or prong collar cover are specific implements used to restrain dogs and teach them leash-based ethics as well as forcing them to release the pulling behavior. Nevertheless, some dogs might not handle the somewhat painful feelings of the prods to their liking. Our prong collar covers answer this problem by ensuring that your dog is blown a second layer of protection and padding.
We make them for those who go over regular prong collars through using soft, hypoallergenic, cushy materials that evenly distribute pressure on the neck while not being harsh to the skin. In other words, providing a non-disruptive but useful friction promotes a good skin condition and demonstrates that this collar serves its purpose. The flexible closing system, and the fact that many sizes are offered, allows for a good fit and safety for all dog breeds and dog hair types.📷
Dog Training Vest: Hit the Ground Running for Victory
The dog traning vest is the most important of accessories the trainer of dogs uses, who works closely with their canine agemates. Pouches to hold your phone, keys or wallet, shoulder straps in one or two styles, many colors, our vests have all the convenience and functionality, with a stunning fit, you are all set to work on your fitness goals without any distractions.
Coming from reliable and waterproof materials, our harnesses consist of different pockets and compartments, for carrying treats, training equipment or personal stuff and many others. The straps on this bag can be adjusted, and the as well as meshed panel provide airflow for optimal ventilation and maintain comfort through the whole session.
Through purposeful details like reflective accent products for safer use in dim light or improved stitching akin to daily service or being prepared for any role of training, the dog traning vest in our arsenal is made to endure training routine and keep you organized and ready.
Dog Bite Tugs: In-Game Therapies: Relationship Maintenance
Another helpful strategy for connecting the links between you and your dog and learning the most awesome behaviors will be through exposing your dog to fun play sessions while you’re training. Unlike other pet leashes, which are just straps with weaving hemp and nylon threads, ours are intensively knotted in a way that makes them extremely strong. The shields will not be the only element for the game. For safety, the player can use them during outdoor games, runs, and other activities. But i.e. we recommend using interactive play toys for that game instead while the verbal reprimand is given after that game.
With a foundational material varying from the rugged braided nylon rope to the strong jute rope textured with soft fleece, and a selection that features highly functional multiple shapes and sizes, the multifaceted “bite tug” has been crafted to serve the varied style & toughness of play for all dogs alike. Is it the simplicity of beginner’s commands or obedience training or the advanced strategic scented searches, our dog bite tug can certainly provide the "fun" daily entertainment for your dog.
Dog Training Clickers: Precise Training Tools
The dog clickers are the tools as they are used mainly for positive reinforcement training that helps to mark desirable behaviors with the specific sound. The ergonomic design of our clickers aids in easy use and is accompanied with an audible click so they can be effective for communication with your dog.
Consistent employment of such a clicker will set a pace of your training by giving clear evidence and verification. Whether you are teaching starter obedience commands or more advanced tricks, a clicker is a very diverse tool that improves communication and learning speed.
Training Treat Pouches: The fast and easy way to save your rewards
Training treat pouches are indispensable. They ought to be part of every trainer's arsenal. They need to permit you free both hands during the sessions while at the same time assuring quick access to the rewards. Our pouches are in durable construction, and with adjustable straps and multiple compartments, you can carry items such as treats, toys and notes.
The product is made light and portable, water resistant, and easy to maintain as well. They come with magnet closures and utility drawstring tops that help keep treats fresh, not flies all over the place, allowing you to solely focus on the performance without distractions.
Agility Equipment: Fun and Functional Training Gear
Agility work is a wonderful and fun way to have a great work out for both mind and body. At the same time it breaks the self-doubt and enables your dog to progress more confidently through the course. We offer agility equipment which consists of multiple objects including jumps, tunnels, weaves and kits for different levels of agility training and home-training.
This equipment is engineered from top-notch materials like PVC and aluminum of the lighter kind, thus transportation and storage are easy. The kind of fun you and your dog have in agility when you introduce novel equipment, develop technical skills or scrimmage for competitions depends on how you use our apparatus as a safe and stimulating environment to learn and play in.
Training Whistles: Versatile Communication Tools
Whistles used in training are multifunctional tools for communication over long distances and bringing dogs back to the trainer when they are called. Our whistles can be inclinometer and comparing signal frequencies or vibration designs and precision controllable, ergonomic adjustable and comfortable.
Adopting a training whistle for daily exercise will ensure you have a tool that’ll help you reinforce your commands and have good recall in challenging environments. Whether you are training your dog in the field, at the park or even in the backyard, a whistle will provide an audible alert, given that it’s consistent, clear, and breaks through distractions. This reinforces the connection you have with your dog.
Conclusion
We are motivated to give dog owners and trainers access to a full array of premium quality equipment that can be used for training a dog safely, and the fun experience is respected. Your equipment is no less important than your dog's gear. We carry essential items like muzzle and prong collar covers as well as advanced tools like choker line, handler vest, bite toy, clicker, treat pouch, agility set-up, and training whistle. Basically, we stock all the equipment you may need to create a strong and lasting bond with your dog.
Get through our collection today and see for yourself how our dog equipment for training is adapted to provide safety, comfort, and most importantly, you and your dog will get satisfaction from it.
submitted by Southern-Ad5359 to Karmafor [link] [comments]

2024.05.28 07:16 Simran_Rajput India Visa Options for Sri Lankan Citizens

India Visa Options for Sri Lankan Citizens
​
https://preview.redd.it/4z3tgwuzp33d1.jpg?width=1200&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=a8e583ab88bd179e0c65203a073b73635c4ceb84
India and Sri Lanka share not just geographical proximity but also a rich cultural and historical connection. Whether it's for tourism, business, education, or medical purposes, many Sri Lankans find compelling reasons to travel to India. To facilitate this movement, understanding the various India visas for Sri Lankan citizens is crucial. Let's delve into the specifics of these visa types and how you can go about obtaining them.

Understanding Visa Requirements

Before applying for any visa, it's essential to understand the general requirements. The basic documents you'll need include:
  • A valid passport with at least six months validity from the date of intended arrival in India.
  • A completed visa application form.
  • Recent passport-sized photographs.
  • Proof of financial means.
  • Supporting documents specific to the type of visa (e.g., invitation letters, medical reports).

Tourist Visa

Eligibility Criteria

The Tourist Visa is ideal for Sri Lankans looking to explore India for leisure or visiting friends and family. Applicants must demonstrate the purpose of their visit and ensure they have no intention of engaging in any business activities.

Application Process

  1. Complete the online visa application form.
  2. Submit the form along with the required documents at the Indian Visa Application Center (IVAC) in Sri Lanka.
  3. Pay the visa fee.
  4. Attend a biometric appointment if required.

Duration and Extension

Typically, a Tourist Visa is valid for six months with a multiple-entry option. Extensions are generally not granted unless in extraordinary circumstances.

Business Visa

Purpose and Eligibility

For those looking to engage in business activities such as meetings, conferences, or establishing contacts, the Business Visa is the way to go. Applicants must provide proof of business credentials and an invitation from an Indian business entity.

Application Process

  1. Fill out the online visa application form.
  2. Gather required documents, including an invitation letter from an Indian company.
  3. Submit the application at the IVAC.
  4. Pay the necessary fees and attend any required appointments.

Validity and Extensions

Business Visas are typically issued for a duration ranging from six months to one year with multiple entries. Extensions are possible but must be justified with substantial business reasons.

Medical Visa

When to Apply

A Medical Visa is necessary for Sri Lankans seeking medical treatment in India. This includes treatments that require prolonged periods of stay such as surgeries or specialized therapies.

Required Documentation

  1. A letter from the recognized medical institution in India.
  2. Proof of financial ability to cover medical expenses.
  3. A referral letter from a Sri Lankan medical practitioner.

Duration and Extensions

Medical Visas are usually issued for a period of up to one year or for the duration of the treatment, whichever is less. Extensions are possible with appropriate medical justification.

Student Visa

Eligibility and Course Requirements

Students planning to pursue education in India must apply for a Student Visa. The visa is granted based on admission to a recognized educational institution in India.

Application Steps

  1. Obtain an admission letter from the Indian educational institution.
  2. Fill out the visa application form online.
  3. Submit the form along with supporting documents at the IVAC.
  4. Pay the visa fee and attend any necessary appointments.

Validity and Conditions

Student Visas are generally issued for the duration of the course. They can be extended if the course duration extends beyond the initial visa period.

Employment Visa

Eligibility Criteria

Employment Visas are for Sri Lankans who have secured a job in India. The job should be at a senior level or require specialized skills.

Documentation and Application Process

  1. An employment contract or offer letter from the Indian employer.
  2. Proof of the company's registration in India.
  3. Relevant professional qualifications and experience documents.

Duration and Renewal

Employment Visas are typically granted for a year or the term of the contract, whichever is shorter. Renewals can be sought through the employer.

Conference Visa

When to Use This Visa

A Conference Visa is necessary for those attending conferences, seminars, or workshops in India. Applicants must provide details of the conference and an invitation from the organizing body.

Application Procedures

  1. Complete the visa application form online.
  2. Submit an invitation letter from the conference organizers.
  3. Provide proof of financial means.
  4. Submit the application at the IVAC.

Validity Period

Conference Visas are usually granted for the duration of the conference with a short grace period before and after the event.

Entry (X) Visa

Eligibility and Usage

Entry Visas are typically for dependents of those with other types of visas (like Employment or Student Visas). It can also be used by persons of Indian origin or their spouses.

Application Process

  1. Complete the visa application form online.
  2. Provide proof of relationship to the primary visa holder.
  3. Submit the application and pay the fee at the IVAC.

Validity and Extensions

The validity of an Entry Visa aligns with the primary visa holder's status. Extensions are possible based on the primary visa holder's situation.

Transit Visa

Who Needs It

A Transit Visa is necessary for those passing through India en route to another destination and who will stay in India for a brief period (up to 72 hours).

Application Process

  1. Fill out the visa application form online.
  2. Provide travel itinerary and proof of onward travel.
  3. Submit the application at the IVAC.

Short-term Validity

Transit Visas are valid for a maximum of 15 days with a stay of up to 72 hours in India.

E-Visa Option

Overview of E-Visa Types

India offers e-Visas for Tourism, Business, and Medical purposes, simplifying the process for Sri Lankan citizens.

Application Process

  1. Apply online through the official e-Visa portal.
  2. Upload required documents and photograph.
  3. Pay the visa fee online.
  4. Receive the e-Visa via email.

Benefits and Limitations

E-Visas are convenient and typically processed quickly. However, they are valid only for short stays and specific purposes.

Visa on Arrival

Availability for Sri Lankan Citizens

Currently, Visa on Arrival is not available for Sri Lankan citizens traveling to India. All visas must be obtained prior to travel.

Process and Requirements

Not applicable due to current unavailability.

Pros and Cons

While Visa on Arrival offers convenience, the necessity to apply in advance ensures preparedness and avoids potential issues at entry points.

Special Considerations

Covid-19 Impact on Visa Policies

The pandemic has influenced visa policies significantly. It's essential to check the latest guidelines and travel advisories before planning your trip.

Travel Insurance Requirements

Having travel insurance is recommended to cover any unforeseen medical emergencies or travel disruptions.

Tips for a Successful Application

Common Mistakes to Avoid

  • Incomplete application forms.
  • Insufficient supporting documents.
  • Not adhering to photo specifications.

Best Practices for Approval

  • Ensure all documents are complete and accurate.
  • Apply well in advance of your travel date.
  • Follow up regularly with the IVAC for any updates.

Conclusion

Traveling to India from Sri Lanka is an enriching experience with many visa options catering to various needs. Whether it's for tourism, business, education, or medical treatment, understanding the requirements and processes involved is crucial. By following the guidelines provided, you can ensure a smooth and successful visa application process.

FAQs

What is the easiest visa to obtain for travel to India from Sri Lanka?

The Tourist Visa is generally considered the easiest to obtain due to its straightforward requirements and application process.

Can a Sri Lankan citizen work in India on a tourist visa?

No, a Tourist Visa does not permit employment. An Employment Visa is required for working in India.

How long does it take to process an Indian visa for Sri Lankan citizens?

Processing times can vary, but it typically takes about 3-7 working days after submitting the application.

Are there any special travel advisories for Sri Lankan citizens traveling to India?

It's advisable to check both Indian and Sri Lankan government websites for the latest travel advisories, especially considering health and safety concerns.

What should I do if my visa application is rejected?

If your visa application is rejected, you can reapply with additional supporting documents or seek advice from the Indian consulate for further guidance.
submitted by Simran_Rajput to u/Simran_Rajput [link] [comments]

2024.05.28 07:16 Simran_Rajput India Visa Options for Sri Lankan Citizens

India Visa Options for Sri Lankan Citizens
​
https://preview.redd.it/4z3tgwuzp33d1.jpg?width=1200&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=a8e583ab88bd179e0c65203a073b73635c4ceb84
India and Sri Lanka share not just geographical proximity but also a rich cultural and historical connection. Whether it's for tourism, business, education, or medical purposes, many Sri Lankans find compelling reasons to travel to India. To facilitate this movement, understanding the various India visas for Sri Lankan citizens is crucial. Let's delve into the specifics of these visa types and how you can go about obtaining them.

Understanding Visa Requirements

Before applying for any visa, it's essential to understand the general requirements. The basic documents you'll need include:
  • A valid passport with at least six months validity from the date of intended arrival in India.
  • A completed visa application form.
  • Recent passport-sized photographs.
  • Proof of financial means.
  • Supporting documents specific to the type of visa (e.g., invitation letters, medical reports).

Tourist Visa

Eligibility Criteria

The Tourist Visa is ideal for Sri Lankans looking to explore India for leisure or visiting friends and family. Applicants must demonstrate the purpose of their visit and ensure they have no intention of engaging in any business activities.

Application Process

  1. Complete the online visa application form.
  2. Submit the form along with the required documents at the Indian Visa Application Center (IVAC) in Sri Lanka.
  3. Pay the visa fee.
  4. Attend a biometric appointment if required.

Duration and Extension

Typically, a Tourist Visa is valid for six months with a multiple-entry option. Extensions are generally not granted unless in extraordinary circumstances.

Business Visa

Purpose and Eligibility

For those looking to engage in business activities such as meetings, conferences, or establishing contacts, the Business Visa is the way to go. Applicants must provide proof of business credentials and an invitation from an Indian business entity.

Application Process

  1. Fill out the online visa application form.
  2. Gather required documents, including an invitation letter from an Indian company.
  3. Submit the application at the IVAC.
  4. Pay the necessary fees and attend any required appointments.

Validity and Extensions

Business Visas are typically issued for a duration ranging from six months to one year with multiple entries. Extensions are possible but must be justified with substantial business reasons.

Medical Visa

When to Apply

A Medical Visa is necessary for Sri Lankans seeking medical treatment in India. This includes treatments that require prolonged periods of stay such as surgeries or specialized therapies.

Required Documentation

  1. A letter from the recognized medical institution in India.
  2. Proof of financial ability to cover medical expenses.
  3. A referral letter from a Sri Lankan medical practitioner.

Duration and Extensions

Medical Visas are usually issued for a period of up to one year or for the duration of the treatment, whichever is less. Extensions are possible with appropriate medical justification.

Student Visa

Eligibility and Course Requirements

Students planning to pursue education in India must apply for a Student Visa. The visa is granted based on admission to a recognized educational institution in India.

Application Steps

  1. Obtain an admission letter from the Indian educational institution.
  2. Fill out the visa application form online.
  3. Submit the form along with supporting documents at the IVAC.
  4. Pay the visa fee and attend any necessary appointments.

Validity and Conditions

Student Visas are generally issued for the duration of the course. They can be extended if the course duration extends beyond the initial visa period.

Employment Visa

Eligibility Criteria

Employment Visas are for Sri Lankans who have secured a job in India. The job should be at a senior level or require specialized skills.

Documentation and Application Process

  1. An employment contract or offer letter from the Indian employer.
  2. Proof of the company's registration in India.
  3. Relevant professional qualifications and experience documents.

Duration and Renewal

Employment Visas are typically granted for a year or the term of the contract, whichever is shorter. Renewals can be sought through the employer.

Conference Visa

When to Use This Visa

A Conference Visa is necessary for those attending conferences, seminars, or workshops in India. Applicants must provide details of the conference and an invitation from the organizing body.

Application Procedures

  1. Complete the visa application form online.
  2. Submit an invitation letter from the conference organizers.
  3. Provide proof of financial means.
  4. Submit the application at the IVAC.

Validity Period

Conference Visas are usually granted for the duration of the conference with a short grace period before and after the event.

Entry (X) Visa

Eligibility and Usage

Entry Visas are typically for dependents of those with other types of visas (like Employment or Student Visas). It can also be used by persons of Indian origin or their spouses.

Application Process

  1. Complete the visa application form online.
  2. Provide proof of relationship to the primary visa holder.
  3. Submit the application and pay the fee at the IVAC.

Validity and Extensions

The validity of an Entry Visa aligns with the primary visa holder's status. Extensions are possible based on the primary visa holder's situation.

Transit Visa

Who Needs It

A Transit Visa is necessary for those passing through India en route to another destination and who will stay in India for a brief period (up to 72 hours).

Application Process

  1. Fill out the visa application form online.
  2. Provide travel itinerary and proof of onward travel.
  3. Submit the application at the IVAC.

Short-term Validity

Transit Visas are valid for a maximum of 15 days with a stay of up to 72 hours in India.

E-Visa Option

Overview of E-Visa Types

India offers e-Visas for Tourism, Business, and Medical purposes, simplifying the process for Sri Lankan citizens.

Application Process

  1. Apply online through the official e-Visa portal.
  2. Upload required documents and photograph.
  3. Pay the visa fee online.
  4. Receive the e-Visa via email.

Benefits and Limitations

E-Visas are convenient and typically processed quickly. However, they are valid only for short stays and specific purposes.

Visa on Arrival

Availability for Sri Lankan Citizens

Currently, Visa on Arrival is not available for Sri Lankan citizens traveling to India. All visas must be obtained prior to travel.

Process and Requirements

Not applicable due to current unavailability.

Pros and Cons

While Visa on Arrival offers convenience, the necessity to apply in advance ensures preparedness and avoids potential issues at entry points.

Special Considerations

Covid-19 Impact on Visa Policies

The pandemic has influenced visa policies significantly. It's essential to check the latest guidelines and travel advisories before planning your trip.

Travel Insurance Requirements

Having travel insurance is recommended to cover any unforeseen medical emergencies or travel disruptions.

Tips for a Successful Application

Common Mistakes to Avoid

  • Incomplete application forms.
  • Insufficient supporting documents.
  • Not adhering to photo specifications.

Best Practices for Approval

  • Ensure all documents are complete and accurate.
  • Apply well in advance of your travel date.
  • Follow up regularly with the IVAC for any updates.

Conclusion

Traveling to India from Sri Lanka is an enriching experience with many visa options catering to various needs. Whether it's for tourism, business, education, or medical treatment, understanding the requirements and processes involved is crucial. By following the guidelines provided, you can ensure a smooth and successful visa application process.

FAQs

What is the easiest visa to obtain for travel to India from Sri Lanka?

The Tourist Visa is generally considered the easiest to obtain due to its straightforward requirements and application process.

Can a Sri Lankan citizen work in India on a tourist visa?

No, a Tourist Visa does not permit employment. An Employment Visa is required for working in India.

How long does it take to process an Indian visa for Sri Lankan citizens?

Processing times can vary, but it typically takes about 3-7 working days after submitting the application.

Are there any special travel advisories for Sri Lankan citizens traveling to India?

It's advisable to check both Indian and Sri Lankan government websites for the latest travel advisories, especially considering health and safety concerns.

What should I do if my visa application is rejected?

If your visa application is rejected, you can reapply with additional supporting documents or seek advice from the Indian consulate for further guidance.
submitted by Simran_Rajput to u/Simran_Rajput [link] [comments]

2024.05.28 07:04 geopolicraticus Heinrich Rickert and the Logical Concept of the Historical

Heinrich Rickert

25 May 1863 – 25 July 1936
Part of a Series on the Philosophy of History
Heinrich Rickert and the Logical Concept of the Historical
Saturday 25 May 2024 is the 161st anniversary of the birth of Heinrich Rickert (25 May 1863 – 25 July 1936), who was born in Danzig (now Gdansk, Poland) on this date in 1863.
A few days ago I was reading Moritz Schlick’s posthumously published Philosophy of Nature and I found the follow in the first section of the book:
“…we have the universal quality and all embracing character of natural science which prevents it from being subordinated to, or ranged alongside, any one of the Arts or cultural sciences. And hence also the unique philosophical significance of natural science: All philosophical progress in the past has arisen out of scientific knowledge and the investigation of scientific problems. It is a very grave mistake—a mistake which was made for the first time during the last hundred years—to believe that the Arts and cultural sciences are in any way equivalent to natural science, or that they are, from the standpoint of philosophy, equally productive.”
The editors added a footnote to this passage:
“These sentences—as Schlick himself explained in detail in his lectures—are directed against views similar to those of Heinrich Rickert (1863-1936) as expressed in his book: Die Grenzen der naturwissenschaftlichen Begriffsbildung (Freiburg 1896).”
Schlick was in the thick of things in Vienna a century ago. He was a student of Max Planck, and a friend of Einstein and Hilbert. He wrote philosophical expositions of the theory of relativity and after Wittgenstein’s Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus appeared he was instrumental in the Vienna Circle, which had it origins in discussions of Wittenstein’s work. Schlick was almost 20 years younger than Rickert, but he died young in the same year Rickert died when he was shot by a deranged student at this university, so we could say with some justification that Rickert and Schlick were philosophical contemporaries, though they belonged to different philosophical worlds. That Schlick wanted to define himself in opposition to Rickert is interesting, and tells us something about the scholarly milieu of Rickert’s work. (Schlick also discusses Rickert in his 1929 address “Philosophy and Natural Science” and he briefly criticizes Simmel on related grounds in his Preface to Waismann’s Logik, Sprache, Philosophie. Kritik.)
I wanted to start out with Schlick as a contrast to Rickert, as Rickert is usually mentioned only in conjunction with Dilthey and Windelband, who shared many of his methodological views, and whose work he continued and expanded. Rickert studied under Windelband, and he followed Windelband as professor of philosophy at Heidelberg. (Also, Heidegger was Rickert’ assistant for a time, and Heidegger wrote his habilitation thesis under Rickert.) In a recent episode on Wilhelm Windelband I discussed his distinction between the nomothetic or lawlike sciences, and idiographic or particularistic sciences. This distinction was subsequently taken up by other philosophers of history. Dilthey reacted against Windelband, while Rickert built upon Windelband’s distinction. Both were unsatisfied with the distinction as Windelband originally formulated it, but the distinction was definitely a stimulus to further thought.
This cluster of (neo-Kantian) thinkers is associated with ongoing efforts to formulate a rigorous method for history (and for the historical sciences more generally) distinct from the methods of the empirical sciences. This attempt to formulate a distinctive method for history is connected to the ancient problem of whether or not history is a science. Even if we answer in the affirmative, there follows the further question of what kind of science it is. If we hold that science is one and universal, then the idea of there being multiple forms of scientific method makes no sense at all. On the other hand, if we allow that there are many ways to pursue scientific knowledge, then this opens up the can of worms suggesting that science is not one, but many.
Into this mix of neo-Kantians and theorists of scientific methodology, we can also throw Max Weber. Weber was one of the founders of sociology, and while not a philosopher of history, Weber profoundly influenced both philosophy and history. His famous book The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism in particular has influenced interpretations of early modern history. A book-length study of Weber’s conception of History, Max Weber’s Vision of History: Ethics and Methods, by Guenther Roth and Wolfgang Schluchter concludes with this paragraph:
“Weber’s philosophy of history was pragmatic rather than pessimistic. Unless we save ourselves, nothing and nobody will save us. Historical knowledge, which comprises the levels of analysis discussed here, is necessary for self-clarification, for deciding what we want and where we want to go. But that knowledge cannot lead to the kind of science of society that would unlock the secrets of history and provide a master key to the future.”
So Weber, too, had something like a philosophy of history, and we shouldn’t be surprised by this since Weber read Rickert’s book The Limits of Concept Formation in Natural Science: A Logical Introduction to the Historical Sciences, which significantly influenced Weber. Guy Oakes in his introduction to this translation of Rickert’s book Weber has having read Rickert in 1902 and praising the book. Oakes also notes in his book Weber and Rickert: Concept Formation in the Cultural Sciences
the reliance of Weber on Rickert’s work:
“…much of the philosophical vocabulary of Weber’s methodological writings is borrowed from Rickert. The concepts of the irrationality of reality, the hiatus irrationalis between concept and reality, the historical individual, and value relevance, for example, are all drawn from Rickert’s work. In addition, Weber frequently relies upon lines of argument that seem to reproduce strategies employed in Rickert’s writings. Weber’s critique of positivism, his method of demarcating the cultural sciences from the natural sciences, his distinction between value relevance and value judgments, and his conception of methodology as a theory of concept formation all appear to be based on arguments that are more fully developed in Rickert’s work. Finally, when Weber judges that a systematic statement of his own position is necessary or when he sets out a position without developing the arguments required for its support, he regularly refers the reader to Rickert.”
Yet while Weber famously held that scientific knowledge is “value free” (vertfrei), Rickert can be understood as anticipating virtue epistemology as values are central to his exposition of historical knowledge. In the following passage Rickert shows how he can both affirm Weber’s conception of the natural sciences as value free and the historical sciences as being about values, by employing value itself as the distinction between two kinds of object of scientific knowledge:
“…values always attach to cultural objects. Therefore, we shall call them goods, in order to distinguish them as valuable entities from the values as such, which, considered in themselves, are not real at all and can be disregarded. Science does not conceive of the objects of nature as goods. On the contrary, it views them as devoid of value and without relevance to it. If we abstract every value from our conception of a cultural object, we can say that it thereby becomes the same as a mere object of nature or that it can be scientifically treated as such. The presence or absence of relevance to values can thus serve as a reliable criterion for distinguishing between two kinds of scientific objects. Indeed, in the interest of methodology, this is the only criterion we can employ here, because apart from the value attaching to it every real cultural phenomenon must also be capable of being regarded as connected with nature and even as a part of nature. It will be shown later to what extent relevance to values is the determining factor in the logical structure of the historical sciences that deal with cultural phenomena.” (From “Nature and Culture,” included in Science and History: A Critique of Positivist Epistemology)
Rickert’s book The Limits of Concept Formation in Natural Science: A Logical Introduction to the Historical Sciences, which is, so far, only available in an abridgement in its English language edition, is a tightly and continuously argued book. That means that there is much that can be learned from it, but also that it poses a kind of challenge. Rickert’s influence in Anglo-American philosophy of history is almost non-existent, and I think at least one reason for this is the challenge that the book presents. It’s easier just to ignore it than to take the trouble to refute it.
I’m not saying that no one could counter Rickert’s arguments, but despite Schlick’s explicit criticism of Rickert, which the editors of Schlick’s book said was more detailed in Schlick’s lectures, I don’t know of any detailed critique of Rickert in Anglophone philosophy of history. Louis O. Mink cites Rickert in passing, and offers a brusque criticism of the core ideas that Rickert developed, saying that historical uniqueness:
“…has… been the basis of attempts, notably by Windelband and Rickert, to define history as knowledge of the concrete and the particular rather than the abstract and general. But the proto-science view can cogently argue that this will not serve to distinguish history from science, because no two physical events are exactly identical either, and, moreover, a physical fact is just as concrete and particular as an historical fact.”
For Mink, proto-science is a body of knowledge that has not yet achieved scientific status, and he argues that history is a proto-science that has yet to conform to the paradigm of the natural sciences. In other words, history isn’t a different kind of science, only a body of knowledge that has not yet been made scientific. Thus Mink is aware of the issues raised by Rickert, but doesn’t feel any obligation to engage more deeply with Rickert’s argument.
There are a handful of English language books on philosophy of history that build on Rickert’s work (like Guy Oakes’ book mentioned previously), but I don’t find him cited often outside the circle of his direct influence. This is unfortunate, since Rickert has a lot to contribute to debates specific to the concerns of Anglophone philosophy of history. For example, Collingwood is one of the most influential English language philosopher’s of history, and a full generation prior to Collingwood, Rickert preemptively criticized one of the central themes of Collingwood, namely, that history is the reenactment of the thoughts of past historical actors. Pages 165 to 175 of the English translation of Rickert are a discussion of re-creation that is relevant to Collingwood’s conception of reenactment. Rickert has this to say:
“…as regards the meaning of the mental life of other persons, we may perhaps acquire direct access to the individuality of its nonreal meaning, but never to the individuality of its real existence.” (p. 164)
What does this mean for Collingwood? Is reenactment possible or impossible according to Rickert? Because Rickert’s book is one long argument, to appreciate the relevance of his remarks on re-creation to Collingwood we can’t take any one quote such as I have just given in isolation. A fuller exposition is necessary to get at Rickert’s conception of nonreal meaning, for example.
Rickert emphasizes that his is a logical inquiry into the nature of the concepts of natural science and history, though his logic is a philosophical logic focused on concepts.
“What is it that fixes the limits of concept formation in natural science, limits that, for logical or formal reasons, the natural sciences can never traverse? This is our first question, even though it need not remain our only question.” (p. 36)
The core of Rickert’s argument in The Limits of Concept Formation in Natural Science is already evident from the title of the book. The concepts of natural science are limited by the individual and the particular:
“We have access to the full content of reality only through the immediacy of life, never by means of the concepts of natural science. The circumstance that the word ‘reality’ can also be the name for the form that we ascribe to the immediately experienced, perceptual, and individual content is of no significance in this context. We designate as real the content that is both individual and also an object of sense perception. Thus it is clear that all the claims that could be made about the relations of natural scientific concept formation to concrete actuality and individuality must also hold true for its relationship to empirical reality itself. The more completely we develop our natural scientific theories and representations, the further we depart from reality as unique, perceptual, and individual…” (p. 39)
In order to formulate propositions in natural science, especially laws of nature, we must limit our concepts to what is generic:
“Suppose we want to know something about the uniqueness, distinctiveness, and individuality of the real. Then we cannot turn to a science for whose concepts the unique and individual configurations of the real event, as well as its perceptual configuration, sets a limit. On the contrary, if there is to be a representation of reality with reference to its uniqueness and individuality, a science is required that diverges logically from natural science in essential points concerning the form of its concept formation. From this point on, our task is to identify the logical structure of this science, to distinguish its mode of concept formation from that of every natural science, and thus to establish the principle for a logical articulation of the empirical sciences, a task directly linked with the demonstration of the limits of concept formation in natural science.” (p. 47)
The concepts necessary to history are to be found on the other side of this limitation on the concepts of natural science:
“When the concept is formed on the basis of a single individual reality, however, the historical concept includes precisely what distinguishes the different individuals from one another. Either it completely disregards what is common to them, or it retains this only insofar as that is indispensable to the definition of their individuality. Thus we meet a kind of conceptualization in which the content of science does not become increasingly remote from the individuality of reality, which was the case for the sort of simplification produced by concepts of nature. On the contrary, by its means the content of science is formed in such a way that it expresses the individuality—even if not the perceptuality—of empirical existence.” (p. 100)
But the concepts employed in history are not only individual and particular, they are also value-laden, which Rickert formulates in terms of teleology:
“Insofar as the unity of the historical individual is always based on a value relation, it can be called a teleological unity, and historical individuals can be called teleological individuals. This is connected with the consideration that the concept of purpose is conceived as the concept of a future good that is to be realized. In other words, it is linked with the concept of a value that is attached to it. In consequence, we generally call every way of thinking in which values play a decisive role ‘teleological.’ In that case, concept formation in history, which has to conform to this sort of teleological formation of individuals, can also be seen as teleological. Accordingly, concept formations in history can be distinguished from those of natural science as teleological concept formations.” (p. 101)
At this point we can see how surprising it is that Rickert influenced Weber, the great advocate of value-free science. For Rickert, the concepts employed by history are characterized by their value component, and this, as much as their uniqueness, individuality, and particularity, marks them out as being logically distinction from the concepts of natural science.
Rickert presents us with a picture of scientific inquiry as approaching the barrier of individuality from the side of natural science, and on the other side of this barrier we find the historical sciences. The totality of scientific inquiry, then, has this chasm between the two modes of inquiry proper to the natural sciences and the historical sciences. Do the nomothetic and the idiographic sciences meet seamlessly in the middle, like a piece of joinery? Or do they leave a gap, a hiatus irrationalis, between them? And, if they leave a gap, what would we find in that gap, and what kind concept formation would be necessary to make an inquiry into the point of transition from the natural to the historical sciences?

Video Presentation

https://youtu.be/nLzgyLsPWeI
https://www.instagram.com/p/C7bBvLCNEix/
https://odysee.com/@Geopolicraticus:7/heinrich-rickert-and-the-logical-concept:9

Podcast Edition

https://spotifyanchor-web.app.link/e/watkAv5gUJb
https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/a31b8276-53cd-4723-b6ad-a39c8faa4572/episodes/bfd80277-7a6b-441c-bdc2-ac95702ae478/today-in-philosophy-of-history-heinrich-rickert-and-the-logical-concept-of-the-historical
https://www.iheart.com/podcast/269-today-in-philosophy-of-his-146507578/episode/heinrich-rickert-and-the-logical-concept-179714807/
​
submitted by geopolicraticus to The_View_from_Oregon [link] [comments]

http://activeproperty.pl/