Introduction
In 1909, Sigmund Freud was invited to give a series of lectures at Clark University in Worcester, Massachusetts. On the way there from Vienna his cabin steward was reading The Psychopathology of Everyday Life, an event Freud claimed was the first indication he ever had that he was going to be famous. In the United States, the philosopher and psychologist William James and many other leading American intellectuals turned out to hear Freud talk, giving psychoanalysis official recognition, as Freud saw it, for the first time. He later wrote about what the Clark lectures meant to him: “In Europe I felt as though I was despised; but over there I found myself received by the foremost men as an equal. As I stepped onto the platform at Worcester to deliver my Five Lectures upon Psychoanalysis it seemed like the realization of some incredible daydream: psychoanalysis was no longer a production of delusion, it had become a valuable part of reality.”
Little did Freud know how his intellectual discoveries would transform America, which he dismissed as an “anti-paradise” or a “gigantic mistake.” Though he feared that Americans would enthusiastically “embrace and ruin psychoanalysis” by popularizing it and watering it down, he already suspected that his theories would in some way shake the country to the core. While watching the waving crowds from the deck of his ship as it docked in New York, turned to his fellow analyst Carl Gustav Jung and said, “Don’t they know we’re bringing them the plague?”
Well before the hedonism of the 1920s, a Freud-inspired revolution in sexual morals had begun. Greenwich Village bohemians, such as the writers Max Eastman and Floyd Dell, the anarchist Emma Goldman, who had been “deeply impressed by the lucidity” of Freud’s 1909 lectures, and Mabel Dodge, who ran an avant-garde salon in her apartment on Fifth Avenue, adapted psychoanalysis to create their own free-love philosophy. In the radical journal The Masses, Floyd Dell warned that “sexual emotions would not be repressed without morbid consequences.” Eastman, one of America’s first analysands, wrote a book comparing Freud and Marx: “Weren’t all forms of repression evil?” he asked rhetorically. Dell’s left-leaning analyst, a Shakespeare scholar called Dr. Samuel A. Tannenbaum who treated many of Greenwich Village artists, argued that it was healthier for young men to frequent prostitutes than to practice abstinence or masturbation.
Together they fashioned a cult of the orgasm - Mabel Dodge even went so far as to call her dog Climax. However, as Dell later admitted, their experiment was an isolated one, like that of the Oneida Community in the nineteenth century and a handful of other “obscure but pervasive sexual cults.” It was only after the Second World War that the idea of sexual liberation would permeate the culture at large.
When Wilhelm Reich, the most brilliant of the second generation of psychoanalysts who had been Freud’s pupils, arrived in New York in late August 1939, exactly thirty years after his mentor and only a few days before the outbreak of war, he was optimistic that his ideas about fusing sex and politics would be better received there than they had been in fascist Europe. Despite its veneer of Puritanism, America was a country already much preoccupied with sex - as Alfred Kinsey’s renowned investigations, which he began that same year, were to show. Reich could be said to have instigated “the sexual revolution”; a Marxist analyst, he coined the phrase in the 1930s in order to illustrate his belief that a true political revolution would only be possible once sexual repression was overthrown, the one obstacle Reich felt had scuppered the efforts of the Bolsheviks. “A sexual revolution is already in progress,” he declared, “and no power on earth will stop it.”
Reich was a sexual evangelist who held that the satisfactory orgasm made the difference between sickness and health. “There is only one thing wrong with neurotic patients,” he concluded in The Function of the Orgasm (1927): “the lack of full and repeated sexual satisfaction” (the italics are his). The orgasm was the panacea to cure all ills, he thought, including the fascism that had forced him to leave Europe. Reich sought to reconcile psychoanalysis and Marxism, thereby giving Freudianism an optimistic gloss, arguing that repression, which Freud came to believe was an inherent part of the human condition, could be shed. This would lead to what his critics dismissed as a “genital utopia” (they mocked him as “the prophet of bigger and better orgasms”). His ideas became influential in Europe, which Henry Miller, finding a new sense of purpose through sex, characterized as “the Land of Fuck.” Reich was a figurehead of the vocal sex reform movement in Vienna and Berlin before the Anschluss, after which the Nazis, who deemed it part of a Jewish conspiracy to undermine the continent, crushed it. His books were burned in Germany along with those of the German sexologist Magnus Hirschfeld and Freud.
Soon after he arrived in the United States, Reich invented the orgone energy accumulator, a wooden cupboard about the size of a telephone booth, lined with metal and insulated with steel wool - a box in which, it might be said, his ideas came almost prepackaged. Reich considered his orgone energy accumulator an almost magical device that could improve its users’ “orgastic potency” and by extension their general, and above all mental, health. He claimed that it could charge up the body with the life force that circulated in the atmosphere (a force which he christened “orgone energy”) - mysterious currents that in concentrated form could not only help dissolve repressions but also treat cancer, radiation sickness, and a host of minor ailments. As he saw it, the box’s organic material absorbed orgone energy, and the metal lining stopped it from escaping, so the box acted as a greenhouse; and, supposedly, there was a noticeable rise in temperature in the box.
Reich persuaded Albert Einstein to investigate the machine, whose workings seemed to contradict all known principles of physics, but after two weeks of tests Einstein refuted Reich’s claims. Nevertheless, the orgone box became fashionable in America in the 1940s and 1950s, when Reich rose to fame as the leader of the new sexual movement that seemed to be sweeping the country. Orgone boxes were used by such countercultural figures as Norman Mailer, J. D. Salinger, Paul Goodman, Allen Ginsberg, Jack Kerouac, and William Burroughs - who claimed to have had a spontaneous orgasm in his. At the height of his James Bond fame, Sean Connery swore by the device, and Woody Allen parodied it in the movie Sleeper, giving it the immortal nickname “Orgasmatron.” Bohemians celebrated the orgone box as a liberation machine, the wardrobe that would lead to utopia, while to conservatives it was Pandora’s Box, out of which escaped the Freudian plague - the corrupting influence of anarchism and promiscuous sex.
Because of his radical past, Reich was placed under surveillance almost as soon as he arrived in the United States (his FBI file is 789 pages long). In 1947, after Harper’s Magazine introduced Reich to Americans as the leader of “a new cult of sex and anarchy,” the Food and Drug Administration began investigating him for making fraudulent claims about the orgone accumulator, and in 1954 a court ruled that he must stop leasing and selling his machine. When he broke the injunction he was sentenced to two years in prison. The remaining accumulators, along with thousands of copies of the journals and eleven books Rich self-published in America (including copies of The Sexual Revolution), which were thought to constitute “false advertising” for them, were incinerated.
In the ideological confusion of the postwar period, when the world was trying to get its head around what came to be called the Holocaust and intellectuals disillusioned with communism were abandoning the security of their earlier political positions, Reich’s ideas landed on fertile ground. With his tantalizing suggestion that sexual emancipation would lead to positive social change, Reich seemed to capture the mood of this convulsive moment. People sat in the orgone box hoping to dissolve the toxic dangers of conformity, which, as Reich had eloquently suggested as early as 1933, bred fascism. The literary critic Alfred Kazin wrote in his journal, “Everybody of my generation had his orgone box…his search for fulfillment. There was, God knows, no break with convention, there was just a freeing of oneself from all those parental attachments and thou shalt nots.”
In his essay “The New Lost Generation,” James Baldwin described how that generation crystallized around Reich’s thinking in the later 1940s and early 1950s:
It was a time of the most terrifying personal anarchy. If one gave a party, it was virtually certain that someone, quite possibly oneself, would have a crying jag or have to be restrained from murder or suicide. It was a time of experimentation, with sex, with marijuana, with minor infringements of the law. It seems to me that life was beginning to tell us who we were, and what life was - news no one has ever wanted to hear: and we fought back by clinging to our vision of ourselves as innocent, of love perhaps imperfect but reciprocal and enduring. And we did not know that the price of this was experience. We had been raised to believe in formulas.
In retrospect, the discovery of the orgasm - or, rather, of the orgone box - seems the least mad of the formulas that came to hand. It seemed to me….that people turned from the idea of the world being made better through politics to the idea of the world being made better through psychic and sexual health like sinners coming down the aisle at a revival meeting. And I doubted that their conversion was any more to be trusted than that. The converts, indeed, moved in a certain euphoric aura of well-being. Which would not last…There are no formulas for the improvement of the private, or any other, life - certainly not the formula of more and better orgasms. (Who decides?) The people I had been raised among had orgasms all the time, and still chopped each other with razors on Saturday nights.
“There was, God knows, no break with convention”; “the least mad of the formulas that came to hand” - both Kazin and Baldwin saw their bewildered peers breaking out of one ideological prison only to find themselves in another. Theirs was a generation teetering on a new kind of brink - full of optimism about the possibility of change, they were unsuspecting accomplices in the authorship of more insidious forms of control.
I first learned about Reich’s orgone energy accumulator in 1993 when I visited Summerhill, the “free” school in Suffolk, England, founded in 1921 by A. S. Neill. I was an anthropology student at Cambridge University and, when I asked whether I could stay for a while as a participant-observer, I was offered a large tepee as a place to sleep. I like the idea of living in it: a wigwam seemed a suitable home for a backyard anthropologist. However, everything at Summerhill - where lessons are voluntary and the pupils invent their own laws - is put to a vote, and the children decided they wanted to keep the tepee for themselves. So for that summer I lived in a bed-and-breakfast in Leiston. All the other guests worked for the nuclear power station Sizewell B: every piece of crockery and all the towels and cutlery were stamped with the nuclear power station’s logo. The owner of the B&B had been given a free pullover after a random Geiger counter inspection had determined that his own, hung out on the clothesline, harbored dangerously elevated levels of radiation.
A.S. Neill met Reich in Oslo in 1936 and soon afterward became his analysand, fitting in a dozen sessions with him one a return trip. Reich had by that time been expelled from the International Psychoanalytic Association (he had once been considered Freud’s heir apparent, but his attempts to reconcile psychoanalysis and Marxism ended up alienating practitioners of both), and pioneered a new form of analysis called “vegetotherapy,” a repudiation of the talking cure. Reich’s third wife, Ilse, described it as “doing away with the psychoanalytic taboo of never touching a patient,” and replacing it with “a physical attack by the therapist.” Reich would relax the patient’s taut muscles with deep breathing exercises and painful massage, until he or she broke down in involuntary convulsions, which Reich called the “orgasm reflex.”
Though his school had already been running for fifteen years, Neill found in Reich’s work its ideological justification, and he once referred to himself as Reich’s “John the Baptist.” His many books are littered with references to Reich’s concepts of “character-armor” and “self-regulation.” For his part Reich saw Neill’s project as a practical test of his ideas, and he sent his own son, Peter, to Summerhill for a while. He once threatened to give up his research and come and teach at the school, but Neill laughed and declined his offer, saying that Reich would frighten the children. Neill did, however, ask him to be the legal guardian of his daughter, Zoe. Reich invited Neill to start an orgonomic infant research center at his research institute in Maine and encouraged him to replace his Summerhill staff with people schooled in Reichian practice. Neill rejected both suggestions, but continued to read aloud from Reich’s books at staff meetings.
Reich and Neill shared a belief in the redemptive power of unconstricted development in children. For Reich this had an urgent political significance: he thought that only when children were raised free would it be possible to lay the foundations of a utopia. Neill thought that a radical reform of the education system was an essential preliminary to the creation of a better world. Both men believed that children were inherently good: it was an authoritarian, sexually repressive upbringing that corrupted them. Summerhill was designed to offer children a sanctuary from the moral contamination of the world, where they could live out their desires without the fear of punishment and play without the pressure of indoctrination: “We set out to make a school in which we would allow children freedom to be themselves,” Neill wrote. “In order to do this we had to renounce all discipline, all direction, all suggestion, all moral training, all religious instruction.” The school’s motto continues to be “Giving children back their childhood.”
By the summer of 1944, Neill had begun to practice Reich’s analytic technique on his pupils at Summerhill. “I have given up teaching and am doing only veg.-ther. analysis,” he wrote to Reich. “The more I see the results with adolescents the more I consider that bloody man Reich a great man…Marvelous how patients weep so easily when lying on their backs. Some do so in the first hour. Why?” One former student remembers being instructed to lie down and “breathe deeply, as though you’re having sexual intercourse,” while Neill prodded her stomach (she was too young to know what sex was, so she just panted). “The repressed ones have stomachs like wooden boards,” Neill wrote to Reich of his pupils’ resistance, “but children begin to loosen up very quickly, and at once begin to be hateful and savage.”
The philosopher Bertrand Russell, like Neill, preached the benefits of an unconstrained childhood and campaign for new sexual mores. Neill said that Russell’s On Education (1926) was the only book on the topic he’d read without uttering an expletive. Russell spent a week at Summerhill in 1927 before opening a school of his own, Beacon Hill, based on similar principles. He was soon disillusioned, however, and left the school after five years. The children in his care, Russell wrote, were “sinister,” “cruel,” “destructive.” The effect of giving them their freedom “was to establish a reign of terror, in which the strong kept the weak trembling and miserable.” Russell’s own children, for whom Beacon Hill was partly created (it had only twelve pupils), were, like their father, traumatized by their time at the school. “I learned to get along inside a shell,” Kate Russell said, “fending off physical and emotional assaults from others and trusting nobody.” But for Neill, the monstrous behavior of children was a stage long the path to liberation: if they were “hateful and savage” it was only because they were sloughing off the final carapace of their repressions.
The accumulator that Reich gave Neill arrived in England on the Queen Elizabeth in April 1947, along with a smaller “shooter” box with a protruding funnel for directing orgone energy rays at infections and wounds. “I sit in the Accumulator every night reading,” Neill wrote appreciatively, “re-reading the Function of the O. while I sit in the box.” Neill soon became convinced of the machine’s effectiveness: “We used the small Accu on a girl of 15 with a boil on her leg,” he said. “It cleared up in three days, and we are to have her in the big box next term.” The effects apparently defied scientific explanation: “When Lucy had a new lump on her face under the operation scar, she applied the small Accu and it went in a fortnight,” Neill marveled. He bombarded Reich with questions: Was it safe to keep an accumulator in one’s bedroom? Did you have to be naked inside it? Would it be effective in the damp English climate? How long could his daughter safely sit in the box?
Neill’s daughter, Zoe Readhead, has run Summerhill since 1985. Neill was sixty-four when his only child was born; when she was two, Picture Post ran a story saying that of all the children in Britain, she had the best chance of being free. “I remember the orgone accumulator vividly,” she told me. “It was quite chilly in there because of the zinc.” As a child Readhead was prescribed half an hour a day in the device; she recalls the red plastic cushion she sat on and the funnel or “shooter” she was encouraged to position over her ear to try to cure a recurrent earache. She also remembers that as she grew up Neill lost interest in the machine (he thought he’d been mistaken in putting an extra layer of asbestos around it), and moved it to a corner of the garage.
By the time Reich died, in 1957, he and Neill were no longer communicating. In December 1954 Neill wrote, “It gave me a great shock to find you believing in visits from other planets. No, I said, it can’t be true; Reich is a scientist and unless he sees a flying saucer he won’t accept it as reality. I can’t understand it.” Reich, whose sanity had long been an open question (Sandor Rado, who analyzed Reich for a few months in 1931, said that he was “schizophrenic in the most serious way”), had started to suffer from paranoid delusions about the world being under attack by UFOs. The armor-clad orgone box was always something of a protective shield, illustrative of Reich’s sense of being besieged, but he now built a “cloudbuster,” an orgone gun that was designed not only to influence the weather - diverting hurricanes and making it rain in the desert - but to be the first line of defense against an alien invasion. It was a kind of orgone box turned inside out, so that it could work its therapeutic magic on the cosmos.
Reich initiated the break with Neill; his young son, Peter, who was spending the summer at Summerhill, told Neill that the American planes passing over the school had been sent to protect him, or so his father said. Neill replied that this was nonsense (there was a large U.S. air base nearby), and when Reich heard of Neill’s response he wrote to his remaining supporters that Neill was no longer to be trusted. In the American edition of Neill’s Summerhill: A Radical Approach to Childhood, published in 1960, all references to Reich were deleted because the publisher considered him too controversial. (The book sold two million copies in the United States.) But Neill never turned his back entirely on his friend’s philosophy, and long after Rich’s death he persuaded Zoe to go to Norway to have vegetotherapy with another of Reich’s disciples, Ola Raknes.
Reich died of a heart attack in Lewisburg Federal Penitentiary in 1957, eight months after being sentenced. If Reich’s claims were no more than ridiculous quackery, as the FDA doctors who refuted them suggested, and if he was just a paranoid schizophrenic, as one court psychiatrist concluded, then why did the U.S. government consider him such a danger? What was happening in America that led Reich to become an emblem of such a deep fear?
The critic Louis Menand described Arthur Koestler, with whom Reich shared a Communist cell in Berlin, as “a slightly mad dreidel that spun out of Central Europe and across the history of a bloody century.” Reich’s story traces a similarly erratic path, and looking back at his era can help to shed new light on it. Through the history of Reich’s box it’s possible to unpack the story of how sex became political in the twentieth century, and how it encountered Hitler, Stalin, and McCarthy along the way . Reich created the modern cult of the orgasm and, influentially, held that ecstasy was a point of resistance, immune to political control. Of course, the birth control pill - licensed by the FDA in 1957 (the year Reich died) for treating women with menstrual disorders - ultimately provided the technological breakthrough that facilitated the sexual liberation of the following decade. But Reich, perhaps more than any other sexual philosopher, had already given the erotic enthusiasm of the 1960s an intellectual justification, and laid the theoretical foundations for that era.
His ideas rallied a new generation of dissenters, and his orgone box, however unlikely an idea it may now seem, became a symbol of the sexual revolution. In January 1964, Time magazine declared that “Dr. Wilhelm Reich may have been a prophet. For now it sometimes seems that all America is one big Orgone Box”:

• With today’s model, it is no longer necessary to sit in cramped quarters for a specific time. Improved and enlarged to encompass the continent, the big machine works on its subjects continuously, day and night. From innumerable screens and stages, posters and pages, it flashes the larger-than-life-sized images of sex. From countless racks and shelves, it pushes the books which a few years ago were considered pornography. From myriad loudspeakers, it broadcasts the words and rhythms of pop-music erotic. And constantly, over the intellectual Muzak, comes the message that sex will save you and libido make you free.

Time called this new “sex-affirming culture” the “second sexual revolution” - the first having occurred in the 1920s, “when flaming youth buried the Victorian era and anointed itself as the Jazz Age.” In contrast, the children of the 1960s had little to rebel against and found themselves, Time commented, “adrift in a sea of permissiveness,” which they attributed to Reich’s philosophy: “Gradually, the belief spread that repression, not license, was the great evil, and that sexual matters belonged in the realm of science, not morals.”
In 1968 student revolutionaries graffitied Reichian slogans on the walls of the Sorbonne, and in Berlin they hurled copies of Reich’s book The Mass Psychology of Fascism at police. At the University of Frankfurt 68er (as they were called in German) were advised, “Read Reich and act accordingly!” According to the historian Dagmar Herzog, “No other intellectual so inspired the student movement in its early days, and to a degree unmatched either in the United States or other Western European nation.” In the 1970s, feminists such as Shulamith Firestone, Germaine Greer, and Juliet Mitchell continued to promote Reich’s work with enthusiasm.
However, even in his lifetime, Reich came to believe that the sexual revolution had gone awry. Indeed, his ideals seemed to run aground in the decade of free love, which saw erotic liberation co-opted and absorbed into what the historian of psychoanalysis Eli Zaretsky calls a “sexualised dreamworld of mass consumption.” Herbert Marcuse, another emigre who became the hero of a younger generation, provided the most rigorous critique of the darker side of liberation. After his initial enthusiasm for a world characterized by “polymorphous perversity,” Marcuse became cynical about it, and he ended his career with a series of brilliant analyses of ways in which the establishment adapted all these liberated ideas (the “intellectual Muzak” of the time) into an existing system of production and consumption. Reich had propagated an expressive vision of the self, but his sexualized politics of the body soon dissolved into mere narcissism as consumers sought to express themselves through their possessions. In the process, as Marcuse was early in detecting, sex and radical politics became unstuck.
It is a testament to the popularity Reich once had that his name is still remembered at all - so many of his colleagues have been forgotten. But he is now known more for his mad invention rather than for the sexual radicalism that box contained. Reich’s eccentric device might be seen as a prism through which to look at the conflicts and controversies of that era. Why did a generation seek to shed its sexual repressions by climbing into a closet? And why were others so threatened by it? What does it tell us about the ironies of the sexual revolution that the symbol of liberation was a box?

Hi all! If you have stumbled onto this post, you might be curious about my craft! Here is more information on where to find me outside of Reddit as well as more information regarding my work. Please use this post to ask any questions! I also have a FAQ on my Etsy Shop.
My shop's name is GorgesWireDesign and my name is Hannah. My shop's name comes from a local slogan in Ithaca NY. The town is surrounded by Gorges, Waterfalls, Creeks, and has one of the Finger Lakes to its North, one common branding phrase for locals is "Ithaca is Gorges" usually including some waterfalls and other features. The phrase is very 'naturey' and showcases a cool thing about this little town and it inspired me to adopt a similar phrase for my tiny business.
What do I make? For right now I mostly make Pendants, Necklaces, and Earrings! I have also looked into bracelets and rings but I have far less experience with these.
Price range: $25+ (Average per piece is $30-$40)
Ships from: NY, USA
International shipping?: Yes!
Metal Content: Silver Filled Silver Wire: 10% Fine Silver coated around a silver-colored copper core. Silver filled vs silver plated: silver filled wire is about many times thicker than silver plated and won't flake off due to the bonding nature between the silver & copper. Bare Copper Wire: 99% Solid Copper, will patina over time. Enameled Copper Wire: 99% Solid Copper Wire with non-tarnish coating. Will eventually patina over time. Bare Jeweler’s Bronze (Brass) Wire: Gold-tone alloy 230 Brass, 85% Copper and 15% Zinc, and will patina over time.
Gemstones & Crystals
I buy all my stones from US Dealers & Local Shops. Cabs By Stoned Wraps is one of my favorite places for stones online as they are fantastic quality and I get to hand pick the stones I buy. I'm very picky with stones and have learned to identify various expensive stones and evaluate their value and whether they are true to their name (fake/etc). Commonly faked gemstones are Malachite, Citrine, and Turquoise!
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Links!
Shop link: gorgeswiredesign.etsy.com
Social media: Facebook // Tiktok // Instagram
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For some reason, I can imagine Phoenix and Apollo completely agreeing that it's all socially harmful BS and deciding not to have any.
Dick Gumshoe is probably everywhere. As a proud law enforcement member, I imagine he'd pop up in every post battling the ACAB slogan and defending the good name of LAPD.
Larry Butz... God, I don't even wanna know.
Maya and Trucy most likely have their YouTube channels where they teach people about spirits and magic. I could also see them being on Tumblr.
Pearl is most likely too sheltered to ever try social media.
Most members of the older generation (Manfred, Von Karma, Magnifi Gramarye, Zinc Lablanc, Quercus Alba) would probably scoff at the mere idea of social media. There would be exceptions, however, such as Yuri Cosmos, or Tyrell Badd. I can imagine both of them with a Twitter account, and I'd wager Yuri would pay for the blue checkmark.
Maybe Blaise Debeste would poison every social medium with his trolling. Idk.
Dr. Hotti and Sal Manella are absolute 4channers.
I believe Herman Crab would use something fancy like Mastodon.
Athena, Robin, Juniper, Hugh, Bonny and Betty all probably use Discord. And if progress ever reaches Khura'in, so could Ahlbi and Rayfa.
Valant Gramarye would most likely be on Reddit and Tumblr.
Lastly, I see Will Powers and Matt Engarde as those actors who have their official accounts on YouTube.
Your turn.

Subsequent purchases, bowden cables coupled with logging prohibitions in designated wilderness areas, ensured the establishment of 800,000-acre White Mountain National Forest, which today totes the slogan, "Land of many uses."
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Prominent in the state is its Presidential Range, whose peaks, as their name implies, are named after presidents and other prominent Americans.
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Its abundant wildlife ranges from deer to mouse, black bears, bobcats, gray fox, coyotes, beaver, porcupines, raccoons, and 184 species of birds, including Peregrine falcons.
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Although its protected status restricts its use, this limitation does not apply to its enjoyment, whose opportunities are plentiful and vary according to the season.
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Abundant snowfalls re-dimension the landscape into pristine postcards and sports paradises during the winter, for instance, luring sightseers, tourists, athletes, and enthusiasts, as the mountains lend their sides and summits to world class resorts that facilitate a range of activities, including alpine and cross country skiing, snow boarding, snow tubing, snow shoeing, ice skating, snowmobiling, sleigh riding, ice fishing, dog sledding, and even frozen waterfall climbing.
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Ablaze with color, the region becomes a never-ending canvas of Impressionism paintings in the autumn, becoming a magnet for photographers, leaf peepers, and naturalists. Color peeking depends upon time, elevation, and tree type. Red maples, for example, pinnacle at low elevations in mid-September, while beech, sugar maples, and birches reach this level a month later below 2,000 feet. This peak occurs earlier, at the beginning of October, between 2,000 and 3,500 feet, and yellow birch, mountain maple, and mountain ash glow with color intensity in mid-September between 3,500 and 5,500 feet.
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However, the wire ropes suppliers reach their greatest heights during the summer tourist season when its some two dozen sights provide natural scenery, links to its railroad past, family-oriented theme parks, and outdoor activities.
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New Hampshire's White Mountains, located in the northern portion of the state, are easily accessible, with Route 16, Interstate 93, and Route 3 providing north-south travel, and Routes 2, 302, and 112 slicing the area in an easterly-westerly direction.
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Santa's Village, located in Jefferson, New Hampshire, and open from May to December, is a Christmas-themed park and allows children to visit the bearded man in the red suit in July, feed his reindeer, and enjoy 19 different rides and activities, including antique cars, a yule log flume, a flying sleigh, a Jingle Bells Express train, a roller coaster, and a waterpark. Live, 3-D shows are presented in the Polar Theater, and the Burgermeister Food Court offers an array of items for lunch, including the opportunity to decorate gingerbread cookies.
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Single-, two-day, and season passes permit unlimited use of the park's rides, shows, and attractions.
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📷

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In real life, “Ukrainian politics carries on in the background, shutting down opposition parties, monopolizing television broadcasts” with “attacks on those dissenting from the patriotic consensus” (V. Ishchenko). National unity is unfavourable to profound social transformation. By definition, “the Ukrainian people” gathers all Ukrainians, and the post-war period will not go against the interests of the ruling classes. At best some mild reforms might come out of it, but Ukraine will remain a country of low wages and poor protection of labour rights.
An altogether different matter would be the emergence of groups large enough to head the resistance towards a situation of “dual power”, ending up in confronting a Russian army tired out by the stalemate, to the point of desertions and mutinies, as well as confronting a Ukrainian State also contested from within. We are clearly not there. There are not three forces vying for power in Ukraine now: the Russian invader, the official Ukrainian army, plus a popular democratic armed movement that could grow (and take over?). There are two armies fighting an inter-State war in which grassroots efforts play an auxiliary role.
War mends social fractures as much as it aggravates divisions, and many a political change can come out of these troubled times providing they appear to offer a viable solution: the Bolsheviks in Russia in 1917, the fascists in Italy in 1922. The shock of war does not ipso facto entail rebellion, and anti-war attitudes are known to have taken the most diverse forms: revolutionary, conservative, reactionary… Exactly one hundred years before Russia attacked Ukraine, Lenin, who in terms of revolutionary defeatism spoke from experience, asserted that in “the national question”, “the overwhelming majority of the working people will inevitably decide it in favour of their bourgeoisie.” (At least temporarily, that is.) The past century has rather proved him right.
In the short term, the Ukrainian population, proletarians included, have few options: defending themselves ( = joining the government’s war effort in one way or other), or lying low, or even trying to evade conscription. Meanwhile, “revolutionary defeatism” only has reality in the aggressor’s country. After the war broke out, Russian anarchists set fire to army recruitment centres, Belorussian railway workers sabotaged tracks used to convey Russian troops and supplies to Ukraine, while various dissidents voiced their opposition to the war on social media. How widespread these (usually clandestine) networks are and what impact they could have is unknown but, more important, there are reports of Russian servicemen refusing to go and fight, even more so since the partial mobilisation of reservists.
If these movements happened to continue, if protest grew within Russia and the invading troops, if the war was grinding on and becoming unpopular because of the army being bogged down, and if too many “zinc coffins” started coming home, there could be defections, desertions, mutinies or even fraternisation with Ukrainian soldiers. At the time of writing (April 2023), this is not the case (yet?).
In 1940, Otto Rühle wrote: “The question confronting us today is whether Liebknecht’s slogan ‘The enemy is at home!’ is as valid now for the working class as it was in 1914.” To which he answered: “No matter to which side the proletariat offers itself, it will always be among the defeated. Therefore it must not side with the democracies, nor with the totalitarians.” https://thepolarblast.wordpress.com/2023/06/04/gilles-dauve-peace-is-wa

Welcome to an official [Lets Build]! This time, we are looking for:
One hundred interesting things you might find on a derelict spaceship in the middle of open space.

Die Roll	Result
1	Medical Supplies: Even though this medical supplies has been here for a long time, it's still usable. It looks like someone tried to open it before, but didn't have the strength.
2	A Stowaway: There is someone hiding out on this spaceship! Are they the reason why it is currently abandoned?
3	Illegal Substances: In their haste to escape, the previous owners didn't bother locking the smuggler's compartment that was built into the ship. When the players discover it, it is filled with illegal drugs.
4	Corpse: It looks like one of the original crew members of this ship stayed alive for a few weeks by themselves but didn't make it. Upon closer inspection, you can see that they attempted to create an SOS beacon with the supplies they had, but sadly perished before it was complete.
5	Ammunition: Bullets and cartridges litter the floor of this abandoned spacecraft. Were the original owners trying to kill something before they fled?
6	Personal log/diary from a previous crew member: A personal log or diary written by a previous crew member detailing the ship's history, their experiences, and any problems they encountered before the ship was abandoned.
7	Broken or malfunctioning equipment: Equipment on the ship that is broken or malfunctioning, such as a damaged navigation console, a broken life support system, or a malfunctioning weapon system.
8	Maps or navigation charts of nearby systems: Maps or navigation charts of nearby systems that could be used to plan a new course or discover new planets or resources.
9	Food stores, either spoiled or still edible: Food stores that may have spoiled over time or that are still edible.
10	Spare parts for ship repairs: Spare parts that can be used to repair the players' ship.
11	Communications equipment: Communications equipment that could be used to contact other ships or bases. This could include radios, transmitters, or other communications devices.
12	Currency or other valuables: Currency or other valuables such as jewelry or precious metals that could be used to trade or purchase supplies.
13	Fuel: Fuel or other power sources such as batteries or generators that can be used to power the players' ship.
14	Clothing: Clothing belonging to the previous crew, which could give players insight into their lives and experiences.
15	A stressed out companion robot: the only survivor of a disaster that killed all the biologicals on board, this once dutiful companion droid is now wandering the long halls of the ship calling out sadly for its former handler.
16	An unexpected science lab with some weird experiments going on. Some vaguely greenish unknown liquid suspends hunks of flesh in a large tube. Could be human? Hard to tell without reaching in and extracting a piece...
17	An amorphous blob in stasis: It's floating in a seemingly denser liquid allowing it to retain it's shape.
18	A bin full of human hands of all shapes, sizes and colors and all of them are remarkably preserved and in near perfect condition. Some of them have perforations where the cut is.
19	A robotic teddy bear that looks like a regular teddy bear. Until it tries to kill you that is.
20	Passengers who are camping out in their staterooms, waiting for a rescue mission.
21	Crate of survival rations: These food packets are the only food that hasn't spoiled.
22	Cryogenic pods: There is a row of cryogenic sleep pods (1-3 empty, 4-6 occupied by a known species, 5-6 occupied by an unknown species).
23	Pictures: Several pictures can be found in the crews quarters (1. crew members, 2. friends or loved ones, 3. pets, 4. ships, 5. planets they've been to, 6. space stations they've been to).
24	Ship Ordinance: The ships magazines still have some ammo left. PCs might be able to reload their own ships weapons or rig some kind of bomb with it.
25	Smaller Craft: In the hanger or cargo bay there is (1. a shuttle craft, 2. a maintenance pod, 3. a fighter craft, 4. an escape craft).
26	The black box: It gives details on the last events that led the ship to its current state.
27	A repair bot that is still trying to fix the ship. In another 30 years it might even get it operational.
28	An automated defense turret: It fires stun rounds that wont breach the hull. If the power is still functioning, it will fire on any unauthorized intruders.
29	A dissected alien creature in a lab or medical bay: There is a data pad on the table next to it, that contains the doctors research notes.
30	A core sample from a mineral rich asteroid. It might be worth finding out what asteroid it was taken from.
31	A Starboy 3000-Z: Not the latest video game console version, but a true classic for entertainment.
32	A boxed land vehicle: This could be useful for travel on a planet.
33	A Severed Auxiliary Docking Collar: Every ship has one, an airlock, and short extending tunnel, in case they need to dock with another vessel while underway or away from space-dock, there's also hard-points on the exterior bulk-heads nearby to secure to for emergency towing.. those are severed too. Seems like the ship docked with something and that something left in a hurry, leaving half of itself behind. Maybe it's good for parts, who knows?
34	Metric Tons of Dehydrated Emergency Meal Replacement Powder exposed to hard-vacuum for who knows how long. Tastes terrible; lasts forever, may or may not be colloquially referred to as "corpse starch" (and may or may not be wholly or partially made from decomposed people). Likely originally destined for some lonely colony outpost somewhere to be stored forever and then forgotten about... or maybe it was meant to feed some poor Space Soldiers out in the middle of nowhere.
35	Graffiti: slogans on the corridor walls suggest the crew’s resentment toward leadership.
36	Shrine: a makeshift religious altar to an extraplanetary object.
37	An atrium full of enormous floating blobs of water. After the gravity failed, the fountain in the center of the room kept pumping. Some of the blobs are full of detritus or very disoriented fish.
38	Skin of various animals and creatures, including of similar species to the player characters.
39	Books. Books about everything. More books than anyone can read in 20 lifetimes.
40	Music recorded on disks. They are all the same 10 songs on every one of them. Nine of them are found on the bridge.
41	Chips. Computer chips. Probably water chips, all meant to keep the water purification system going for thousands of years.
42	Rubber balls. Their purpose is unclear, but there are at least a couple million of them.
43	Seeds. Sorted and classified. As if this ship was on its way to colonize a barren planet.
44	An enormous statue in an intimidating, dictator-like stance.
45	Art. This hull of this ship is filled with paintings of various styles.
46	Alien flora that has overgrown the ship turning it into a little closed in environment.
47	Refugees desperately begging for rescue.
48	Raw Materials- Iron or Steel bars. Gold, Zinc, Nickle, or Cobalt. Lumber, fiber, or cloth. Raw materials are worth a lot to the right person.
49	Mannequins. Loads and loads and loads of mannequins.
50	Satellites, probe equipment, and enough machinery to start terraforming a small planet.
51	Empty Cryo-pods. No signs of the crew [or creatures] supposed to be inside.
52	The corpse of a massive, alien creature held into a science lab and the mummified remains of a single scientist sitting not far away. Where did this specimen come from? Where is the crew?
53	A series of shuttles, smaller spacecraft, and short ranged space fighters. All left abandoned and they appear fully fueled.
54	A couple of Matrix chairs and the rest of the starship are just rows and rows and rows of the largest server network anyone has ever known.
55	Seemingly endless rows of filing cabinets filled with paper records written in a language the crew cannot read. No pictures are included.
56	Lost treasure linked to a well known heist several years / decades ago.
57	Records, Tapes, Cassettes. Loads of music saved in media lost to time.
58	Ancient Earth satellites sent into deep space many centuries ago, all meticulously collected, catalogued, and stored in display cases.
59	A generator / machine that after some investigation is found to be a black-hole generator.
60	The galaxies largest library. Corridors, massive chambers..... filled with wall to wall bookshelves filled with an exhaustive collection of novels, books, pamphlets, and scrolls.
61	A complete recreation of an ancient earth land, complete with buildings, live plants, art, and noises / weather. The only thing missing are whoever was living here up to a few moments ago.
62	A new form of warhead, being shipped by covert means.
63	The captain, just trying to get the parts to fix his ship so he can call his crew back. The escape pods and shuttles are missing.
64	Tiny vials of genetic samples form 100s of worlds and a cloning machine. Many of the samples represent species that have gone extinct or species that are completely alien to the PCs.
65	An insane AI with abandonment and loneliness issues.
66	A killer robot. It's likely what killed the original crew. It's low on power but still functional and trying to do its job.
67	Cargo crates from other ships. Space pirates are using the derelict as a cache.
68	Intelligent rats that have escaped from one of the science labs on the ship. They have colonized the derelict. They are also smart enough to realize their home is running out of supplies.
69	A small herd of fluffy bovines: Luckily their cargo bay had auto-feeders set up, although their waste is ankle-deep now.
70	A ship’s cat: they’re supposed to be good luck, but if so, what happened to this cat’s crew?
71	A holographic display: it’s playing what appears to be alien pornography on a loop. You’ve seen enough hentai to know where this is going.
72	A statuette of an alien god: it’s carved from some kind of magenta gemstone that glows faintly in the dark. You swear it moves when you’re not looking.
73	The skeletons of the former crew: two weird things, first: they’re all sitting in a circle in the engine room, second, the ship was only reported lost last week.
74	An alien child: they’ve drawn disturbing images on the bulkheads, cling to your leg, and chatter away in a language you don’t understand.
75	A battle simulation being run on an empty bridge: it’s a simulation of an attack on your specific ship, with comm chatter of your crew’s voices.
76	An overloading reactor: someone disabled all the safety controls, and it is minutes away from turning the whole ship into a miniature star for a few seconds.
77	A ship’s AI: it is grieving the loss of its crew and wants you to help it avenge them.
78	A star map archive: when you compare it to your ship’s charts, it has three extra star systems.
79	Computer Data: The ship may be a wreck but the computers still contain valuable data (1. advanced computer programs, 2. blackmail, 3. intercepted communications, 4. intel on a faction, 5. military intel, 6. planetary surveys, 7. research data, 8. sensor data, 9. star charts, 10. translation of a language, etc).
80	Salvage Bots: Several salvage bots were placed here by (an authorized company, illegal salvagers). They are slowly cutting up the ship into manageable pieces and separating it into groups of materials.
81	Terraformer Equipment: If placed on a planet within a solar system's goldilocks zone, this machine will slowly terraform it into a habitable world. The process takes several decades.
82	Tools: A full set of tools used for (1. electronics, 2. mining, 3. scientific research, 4. salvage ops, 5. ship repair, 6. surgery).
83	Unusual Minerals: The ship appears to have been hit by a meteor storm. Several meteors containing unusual minerals can still be found in the breached sections.
84	Upgrade: A piece of undamaged equipment that is both better than what the characters have and is compatible with their ship. If the characters posses the know how and the tools, they can upgrade their ship. If not, then they can salvage the equipment and have someone else perform the upgrade.
85	A giant human hand: This would look like an unambiguously human hand, were it not for its size. At a visible level, it looks as normal as a 2 meter long human hand can look. Probably some sort of genetic experiment? A DNA or microscope analysis might shed light on its origin and purpose.
86	Robot "brains": Many large crates, all of them filled to the brim with partially assembled quantum-processor motherboards. Their small size suggest they are meant to be the processing unit of an humanoid-sized robot. Maybe someone the party knows can analyze or recognize what model they are and what kind of robot are they meant for?
87	Anacronic relic: a very primitive, but clearly artificial object encrusted in a piece of rock. It seems like a part of a primitive computer. What planet does it come from, and how old is it exactly? There seemed to be an archeologist on board, maybe his research can still be found somewhere else?
88	Forbidden lore book: A makeshift book, in the pre-computer age style, with an account of historical or religious history; except it contradicts a well-known narrative that every citizen on the galaxy knows about. It's too long to read in a day or two, but it clearly has to be some sort of heresy or historical fiction, right? Right?
89	Legendary object's copy: is it the long lost (insert item important to your plot here)? Well of course not, its just a wooden or plastic replica of the real thing. However, it is so detailed it has to be the creation of someone interested in the legend. Was someone in the crew looking for the real thing?
90	An advertisement poster for a job on another colony/ship. Maybe one passenger was looking to transfer jobs?
91	Booby traps: Someone has left tripwires attached to improvised explosive devices. They may be all around the ship or they may be concentrated in one area.
92	The black boxes of several different starships. Several salvaged flight recorders are assembled on a table. Diagrams on the walls show that someone was attempting to construct a sequence of events involving all the ships.
93	A reprogrammed and self-aware cleaning robot that is determined to evade capture.
94	Handwritten pages of some of the best jokes ever written on the subject of isolation madness. The material is funny, but very dark, and it stays with you for a long time.
95	A still from a security video, printed, framed, and hanging on the wall, with the words “Good Riddance” inscribed below. The image is of a person wearing a Captain’s insignia being choked by an unseen assailant.
96	A self-contained, low power silk moth habitat. Some of the creatures are still alive.
97	An ancient sword lies in its sheath on the bed of one bunk.
98	One depressurized section is filled with papers, trash, and a dozen dead cats.
99	A memorial wall for the destruction of the settlement you just visited before coming across the derelict ship. Pictures of a city/town in ruins and of colonists who are dead or missing. Only the pictures and memorial are yellowed with age even though the city was fine when you were there and you met some of the people in the pictures.
100	Hidden within a secret compartment of the cargo bay is a fully armed weapon of mass destruction. It seems that whomever ambushed this ship overlooked this hidden location. Be VERY careful!

​
The fastener is a type of mechanical hardware that is used for joining or affixing two structures together to create a non-permanent joint; which can be later on dismantled or extracted without damaging the material fastened together.
There are wide variations of fastener products as well as the functionality and purpose for each form depending on the production of every fastener supplier and manufacturer.
In able to choose a perfect fastener for a given application one should consider an array of factors such as the specification of usage, components of the material production, the durability of the screw, the threading of shaft, length, resistance to corrosive elements, weight, reusability, installation process, temperature or environment of exposure, and types of material it will be attached to. How is a screw made.
In the course of time with the growing number of fastener suppliers and manufacturers, the raw materials used to make the fasteners have been developed with more suitable components to enhance the purpose of the products.
Yet the three major materials used nowadays by fastener suppliers and manufacturers are classified into stainless steel, carbon steel, and alloy steel which are all proven to be effective in performance, more improvements in coatings and platings consist of zinc, chrome, and hot dip galvanizing. With the technology evolving progressively, more approaches to detailing fastener products have been formulated and created by different fastener suppliers and manufacturers.
Nowadays the innovation of creating specific designs from certain requirements has been rampant in service for the manufacturing industry. Many organizations offer the specialization of fasteners yet the demand in the market is still rising, resulting in a chance for impending new brands to accumulate revenue along with the established fastener suppliers and manufacturers.
China manufactures the largest supply of industrial fastener products widely used in countless applications and different fields. Several corporations of fastener suppliers and manufacturers can offer numerous services of innovating the best fastener products for different kinds of solutions yet the locality and efficiency of production stand out among the listed Top 10 suppliers and manufacturers of fasteners in China.

1. Prince Fastener Manufacturing Co., Ltd

Location: Shanghai
Company Type: Manufacturing, Wholesale
Year of Establishment: 2010
Number of employees: 150
Main Products: Stainless steel fastener,Self-tapping screws,bolt and nuts
Other Products: Self-drilling screws, drywall screws, custom fastener
Prince Fastener is one of a kind worldwide distributor of excellent fastener products. Our specialization in the fabrication of all kinds of screws has reached internationally in Hong Kong, Korea, Japan, Australia, the UK, Europe, and the Middle East. Customized fastener services are widely in demand in business nowadays but Prince Fastener put precision in the need to specialize in the market of meeting requests in custom, OEM, and ODM orders. We go over the top in providing the best results without compromising the features of our products. With a developed innovation in analysis and development, we have succeeded to qualify in national and international standards moreover receiving certifications in ISO, DIN, ANSI/ASME, JIS, and GB types. We are highly motivated in increasing the productivity of making fastener screws as we are growing daily in supplying different brands and manufacturers in domestic and abroad.
Our main objective is the production of our fastener screws in world-class factories and machinery made from high-quality raw materials that are then introduced to advanced testing types of equipment with the most experienced technicians and a knowledgeable team of production who never cease to innovate development in the quality of service and completion of the standard specialization of design.
Total sqm: 18000 sqm factory
Production Line: 15
Annual capacity: 10000 tons
Primary standard materials: carbon steel, high carbon steel, spring steel, stainless steel, alloy steel, zinc-aluminum alloy, free-cutting iron, aluminum, and copper
Equipped with testing machines, hardness machines,
cutting machines, grinding machines, box burying machines and tensile machines
Quality control equipment: Rockwell hardness tester, Vickers hardness tester, three-dimensional projector, tensile machine, torque tester, salt spray tester and center axis tester
Different surface treatment: blue zinc plating, yellow zinc plating,
nickel plating, black zinc plating, gray phosphorus galvanizing, black phosphorus galvanizing, brass plating, steam plating, hot dip galvanizing, silver plating, gold plating, etc.
As a leading wholesale manufacturer in mainland China, Prince fastener has a rich experience of over 30 years. Since its establishment the main focus of the company has always been to accumulate sustainability in development, production of high-quality fasteners, innovation in technology, a platform with a qualification rate of 100% (hence the accreditation we have received from international standards), and sales strategy focusing on the guaranteed quality of service. The competence we cover in standard and custom screw production gives our company the praise that strongly advertises our exceptionality among the other screw factories in the world hence we believe we are one of a kind fastener supplier and manufacturer.
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CONTACT THE FASTENER SUPPLIER

2. Ningbo Yi Pian Hong Fastener Co., Ltd

Location: Ningbo
Company Type: Enterprise Units
Year of Establishment: 2001
Number of employees: more than 200 staffs
Main Products: Nut, Bolts, Machine Screw, Washers, Special Fastener
Other Products: L type foundation bolt for construction, chipboard screws, ASTM A193-B7 Alloy Steel Single End Stud Bolt/Threaded Rods, DIN 975 Zinc Plated Thread Rod
Ningbo Yi Pian Hong Fastener Co., Ltd is a professional fastener supplier and manufacturer from the rich coastal city of Ningbo south of Yangtze River Delta. The company provides the best service in OEM, strict quality control, competitive prices, short delivery, and custom design of fasteners as well as the logo of brands. Being proficiently engaged in manufacturing various kinds of products, Yi pian Hong fastener has received great acclaim from customers domestically and internationally because of the fine quality of products and good credit standards in ANSI/ASTM, DIN, BS, ISO, GB, JS, etc. they maintain the steady development of their company.
The total area of 20, 000 sqm, with building area of 10, 000 sqm
Production equipments: over 260
Examination devices: 30
Material of Products: Carbon steel,Alloy steel,stainless steel,etc.
Surface Treatment: Black, zinc (yellow) plating, HDG, dacromet, etc.
The company holds the advantage of short distances to Lishe Airport and Xiaoshan International Airport, Hangzhou-Ningbo Expressway for convenient transportation of the fastener goods to its clients. As an active member of the China Fastener Association, they are well-engaged in manufacturing quality standards, fierce competitiveness, and sincere service which makes a great fastener supplier and manufacturer.
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CONTACT THE FASTENER SUPPLIER

3. Hangzhou Lizhan Hardware Co., Ltd

Location: Zheijang, China
Company Type: Manufacturer
Year Establishment: 2007
Number of employees: 31-100 employees
Main products: slotted screws, cross recessed Screws, other screws, slotted tapping screws, hex tapping screws, self-drilling screws, blind rivets, other hand tools
Other products: drywall screws, chipboard screw, self-tapping screw, bolts, drill bits, anchor, wood screw, thread, rod, deck, etc.
Hangzhou Lizhan Hardware Co., Ltd is a privately owned company that manufactures a wide number of fastener products for different distributors worldwide. Since its establishment in 2007 Hangzhou Lizhan Hardware had advanced in providing hardware products for the convenience of the consumers. The advantage that this company has over its competitors is the accessibility to Shanghai Port which allows them to export the products in a short time. Leading them to have quality control in foreign markets such as; North America, South America, Western and Eastern Europe, Middle East, East Asia, Southeast Asia, Africa, Australia, and other countries.
Lizhan encourages the development of the company through laying a solid foundation of integrity, customer service, producing high-quality products, and achieving the best results in cooperation with the clients demand and custom requirements.
Processing Technology: Cold heading,Turning,Stamping,Casting
Manufacturing Materials: Steel,S/S,Al-alloy
Own surface treatment: Plain,Dacromet, Blue-white zinc, Yellow zinc, Black zinc, White zinc, Olive zinc, Chrome plated, Phosphated, Mechanical zinc, Hot dip galvanized, Zinc powder, Silvered, Gold plated, Cadmium plated, Black, Composite plated, Copper plated, Nickel, Electrophoresis, Assivation-SS, Whitening, Ruspert, Baking paint
Accepted Delivery Terms: FOB,CFR,CIF,EXW
Accepted Payment Type: L/C,T/T
They have an export percentage of 100% with access to ports of Shanghai and Ningbo, the average lead time the company is 30 days covering the full-time production and packing to the distribution of the standard and non-standard fastener products. Making the company a reliable fastener supplier and manufacturer for export solutions.
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CONTACT THE FASTENER SUPPLIER

4. Hisener Industrial Co., Ltd

Location: Haining, Zhejiang, China
Company Type: Manufatcurer
Year of Establishment: 2004
Number of employees: 181
Main Products: Screws, threaded rods, bolts, nuts, washers, anchors, brass, stainless steel
Other Products: DIY assortment, wire rope, chains, rigging hardware, strut chanel, wire hooks, picture hangers, nails
Hisener Industrial has been efficient in providing screws and various fasteners since its establishment in the year of 2004. The company as a fastener supplier is continuing to grow and develop the scope of its capabilities while expanding productivity in a range of business opportunities for consumers. They are well-equipped in terms of factory machinery, high standard facility, improving quality level, and distribution line for the supply chain of its subcontractors.
Over the years, Hisener Industrial has thrived to improve its service by acquiring imported machines from Taiwan, establishing its own screws factory, and having ISO and CE certification all to have the quality level that meets the demand of every client and joint venture in the company as well as an existing fastener supplier and manufacturer.
Dimensional Measure Instrument: Depth gauge, Thread ring gauge & Plug gauge, Head thickness gauge, Vernier caliper, Micrometer (minor diameter & diameter), Optical Projection Instrument, Straightness tester
Metallurgical Analysis: Cutting machine, Grinding & polish machine, Metallographic sample mosaic machine, Metallographic analyzer
Mechanical Tester: Rockwell hardness tester, Vickers hardness tester, Tensile testing machine, Drilling speed machine, Torque wrench
Surface Analysis: Coating thickness tester, Salt spray machine
It is with certainty that our company can meet the level of expectance from different industry and applications as a fastener supplier and manufacturer because of the accomplishments and results that our fastener products portray among the gradual changes in developments that we have exceeded in.
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CONTACT THE FASTENER SUPPLIER

5. Shanghai TopKun Industry Co., Ltd

Location: Jiulong Lake , Zhenhai
Company Type: Manufacturer, Supplier
Year of Establishment: 2007
Number of employees: unknown
Main Products: Bolts, screws, buts, washers
Other Products: Rigging hardware, Hose clamp, Custom and special parts, Hex bolts/hex cap screw, Heavy hex bolts, Harden Washer, Flat Washer, Chipboard Screw, Self-drilling Screw, Custom Self-drilling Screw, Drywall Screw, Machine Screw, Tower Bolt, Step Bolt, T bolt
Shanghai TopKun Industry Co., Ltd strongly advertises its service as a one-stop shopping experience for standard and non-standard fastener screws in manufacturing and exporting. The company enjoys a good relationship as a fastener supplier and manufacturer with a lot of other fastener factories in China as it is not only built for meeting the demands of its clients but also through sourcing items from other factory corporations. Aside from producing a full range of high-quality fasteners and hardware for the industry, our company has been accredited by ISO 9001, ASTM, ANSI, IFI, and DIN. With a wide capacity of production in the supply of non-standard parts in good quality and competitive price, we can also manufacture and fabricate according to drawing and samples from the clients for specialization of fastener goods. Some of the known applications of our screws and fastening materials are; towers, poles, wind energy industry, structural steel, metal building, mechanical machines, home decorations, and automobiles, enabling us to be a proud fastener supplier and manufacturer.
Equipments: Heat treatment line 1, heat treatment line 2, spectrum analysis apparatus, hardometer, pull dint machine, salt spray tester, 3D detector, carbon sulphur analyzer
TopKun’s goal is 5G:
G- supplying good quality products
G- supplying good prices
G- supplying good delivery time
G- supplying good service
G- To be good friends
Finish: Zinc Plated,yellow zinc plated,Black oxide, H.D.G and so on
As a professional fastener supplier and manufacturer, our company not only offers the best hardware fastener but also meets the clients demand in custom needs as well as having a complete service experience is a top priority for Shanghai TopKun Industry Co., Ltd.
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CONTACT THE FASTENER SUPPLIER

6. Jiaxing Qimu Trading Co., Ltd

Location: Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province,China
Company Type: China Custom Fasteners Manufacturers
Year of Establishment: 10+ years in the market
Number of employees: unknown
Main Products: Self Tapping screws, self drilling screws, thread rods
Other Products: Flat washer, Anchor , Hex bolt , Drywall screws
Jiaxing Qimu Trading Co., Ltd is professionally involved in trading and manufacturing the standard fastener in quality stems from a high production process. Promoting the reasonable costs of a good quality rod and screws from factory direct, advanced testing equipments and laboratory, diversity to meet the different needs of clients to provide an overall product customer service and standard warehouse packaging for ensuring the secured process of exporting our products abroad. Conforming DIN, ANSI, ISO standards, the company can also process according to customer design and specialized service through our own factory machines such as production machines, electroplating, and heating machines, making them a good candidate as a fastener supplier and manufacturer.
Exported to America,Europe, Russia,Australia, South America ,East Asia,Middle Asia and Africa
Surface finishing: self color, electro galvanized, hot dip galvanized, black
Material: carbon steel, Stainless steel
Standard: DIN,ASTM,JIS,BS,AS,ISO,GB (according to your order)
Jianxing Qimu Trading gives importance to company culture as a guide for the skilled team in growing the company’s good reputation while promoting the production of excellent quality screws and related products. The following characteristics they practice as a fastener supplier and manufacturer are genuineness, ownership, customer first, passionate optimism, embracing change and being brave in innovation, strict execution of rules and regulations, and teamwork. The positive upbringing of the company makes them unique and impressive in taking the manufacturing service of industrial fasteners and giving them the upper hand in dealing with the best possible customer service any fastener supplier and manufacturer should retain.
CONTACT THE FASTENER SUPPLIER

7. Yangzhou XIYI Fasteners Co., Ltd

Location: Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
Company Type: Manufacturer
Year of Establishment: 2010
Number of employees: unknown
Main Products: Bolts, Screws, Nuts, Washers, Pins, Rivets
Other Products: Wheel stud, Hanger bolt, Spring pin, Lock Nut, Flange nut, Flat washer, T bolt, Socket screw, SEMS screw, Hex bolt, Tension control bolt, Thumb screw
Yangzhou XIYI Fasteners Co., Ltd has a rich experience in manufacturing various fastener products for more than 10 years with accreditation in DIN, ASME, ISO, BS, JIS, and GB etc. in different finishings. Aside from being a fastener manufacturer of standard and non-standard fastener products the company can also specialize in producing the raw materials depending on the customers requests as how a fastener supplier and manufacturer should be. To keep up the efficiency at work and delivery, XIYI team does mass production for commonly used fasteners off the shelf for a faster process of packaging and transport of the fastener goods.
Used in the industries of: automotive manufacturing, construction, furniture, machinery, aerospace, household appliance, oil and gas etc.
Equipped with: processing machines, including high-precision surface grinder machine, involuntary grinder machine, auto pressing machine, automatic heading machine, cold header
Testing equipment: such as Digital Micro Vickers Hardness tester, Electrolytic metrical thickness gauge, Vision Measuring Machine etc.
With the companys slogan of making fasteners as a passion, Yangzhou XIYI fasteners is trusted by many brands and costumers for delivering excellent qualities of fastener screws and related products for their adequate supply and brilliant service. They qualify to the best characteristics that a fastener supplier and manufacturer needs to own.
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CONTACT THE FASTENER SUPPLIER

8. Suno Group Limited

Location: Wangjing, Beijing China
Company Type: Manufacturer And Exporter
Year of Establishment: 1990
Number of employees: 500-800 People
Main Products: Bolts, Nuts, Screws, Washers etc.
Other Products: Round Welding Nuts,Short Hex Nuts, Conical Cup Lock Washer, Barrel Nuts, DIN1624 T Nuts With 3 And 4 Prongs Straight Barrel, Knurled Swivel Nut With Flange, chipboard screws
Suno Group Limited is one of the best-established fastener solutions providers with an excellent experience of manufacturing since 1990. With a large product range in production, the company owns numerous warehouses and factories located in Ningbo, Haiyan, Shanghai, Tianjin, and Cangzhou. Certainly passing accreditation for fastener supplier and manufacturer in international standards such as ISO/TS 16949 and ISO 9001, the company has acquired a strong quality system of production equipments in order to maintain the quality for design/development, production, installation and technical service to its relations with suppliers and customers.
Testing Equipments: Universal Tensile Testing Machine
Hydraulic Tensile Testing Machine
Electro Hydraulic Universal Tensile Machine
Digital Rockwell Hardness Tester
Motorized Superficial Rockwell Hardness Tester
Vickers Hardness Tester
Rockwell Hardness Tester
Ultra Low Temperature Impact Test Machine
Self Pressurized Liquid Nitrogen Tank
Out Of Sample Gap Manual Broaching Machine
Video Projector
Metallographic Microscope
Salt Spray Test Machine
Thermal Field Emission Scanning Electron
Multifunctional Cutting Machine
Air Compressor
Coefficient Of Friction Tester
Standard: DIN, ANSI, ISO, JIS
Certificate: ISO9001, ISO/TS 16949, RoHS
Suno Group Limited has the experience that cannot be easily matched in fastening industry. The capabilities that they have executed over the years has flourished to developments that they are built with and considered as the companys strong suit. Suno Group Limited possess the definite standards of a fastener supplier and manufacturer that keeps them in maintenance for continually producing the mechanical goods in existence.
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CONTACT THE FASTENER SUPPLIER

9. Ningbo Taida Fastener Manufacture Co., Ltd

Location: Zhenhai , Ningbo China
Company Type: Manufacturer
Year of Establishment: 2003
Number of employees: unknown
Main Products: A194 2H/2HM / A563 Heavy Hex Nuts, Heavy hex structural bolts
Other Products: IFI Hex Cap Bolts, Hex bolts DIN931, DIN7991 Hexagon socket cuontersunk head screws, ASTM A307 Carriage Bolts
Ningbo Taida Fastener Manufacture Co., Ltd offers the highest quality of fastener products specially to oilfield and industrial markets, providing the standard service to customers in equal to producing excellent screws in various brands of stainless steel as the material base. Our company being a fastener supplier and manufacturer has a complete types of equipments on production & testing types of machines which can develop and innovate the fabrication of products according to the drawings or sample designs provided by clients. Ningbo Taida fastener manufacturer is mainly proud to guarantee the quality of process we take in production as it is strictly controlled from the source of material, qualification process, quality inspection, and up to labeling of the final results, all of the qualifying skills for a fastener supplier and manufacturer.
Standards: AS, GB,ISO,BS, JIS, DIN
Product grades: 4.8, 6.8, 8.8, 10.9,12.9, B7,L7 and B7M ,etc. The using materials are 35#, 45#,40Cr, 35CrMoA, 42CrMoA, 25Cr2MoVA, 20MnTiB
Material Key:
A2-70 grade stainless steel – also known as grade 304 or 18/8.
A4-70 grade stainless steel – 316 or 18/8/3. Have higher corrosion resistant, marine grade of stainless steel
A4-80 grade stainless steel – identical corrosion resistance to A4-70 but with a higher tensile strength equivalent to that of 8.8 high tensile steel
Brass – offers an attractive, corrosion-resistant finish.
High tensile carbon steel with a bright zinc plated finish
Nylon – a tough lightweight plastic
Ningbo Taida Fastener Manufacture Co., Ltd is proven to produce high steel grade material using stainless steel for excellent corrosion resistance, cleanability, and the ability to handle extremely low (cryogenic) and high temperatures, and increased resistance to chloride corrosion. All aforementioned qualities are proof of competence that fits the company as a undeniable expert fastener supplier and manufacturer.
CONTACT THE FASTENER SUPPLIER

10. Ningbo Sunrise Fasteners Co., Ltd

Location: Ningbo China
Company Type: Manufacturer
Year of Establishment: 1984
Number of employees: unknown
Main Products: Non-standard T-head rivet bolts, Non-standard punching bolts Dacromet
Other Products: Non-standard flange pins, Non-standard nut, Non-standard cross hexagon bolts, Non-standard flattened bolts
Sunrise fasteners Co., Ltd is an active fastener manufacturer and distributor with complete equipment set for an advanced production and testing equipment in order to meet the industrial market’s demand for high-quality standard parts of fastener products. From product development to material installation, processing of products in machines to production testing, the proficiency is managed and controlled by the standard operating procedures that the company has set for ensuring the highest quality fasteners. To continue the accuracy in development and technology process we have obtained international standard certifications in ISO and more. Our company as a fastener supplier and manufacturer has introduced the “Fangrui” brand which is proudly an individual possesision that has enabled us good market reputation in the related trade.
Notably founded in 1984 and humbled to be continually growing in development of our company, we possess the great strength of producing various kinds of screws for a wide industrial applications. The objective of the company is to always persistently innovate “quality first, service supreme, reasonable price” as mere guide for perfecting the manufacturing service.
Testing equipment: Tension machine, Rockwell hardness machine, Projector, Vickers hardness machine, Metallographic inlay machine, Torque machine, Salt spray test machine,Screw screening machine
Production equipment: Stainless steel high temperature quenching, Mesh belt quenching furnace and tempering, Combination screw cover machine, Fully automatic tail collision machine, High speed precision cold heading machine, One mold two cold forging machine, High-speed precision thread rolling machine, High-speed cold forging machine, High precision molding machine, Four-mode four-position machine, Screw Screening Machine, Dyed black pond
Sunrise Fasteners has abundance in producing the fastener screws with the use of complete technical force as a strength to advance in service of the complex field in manufacturing. The growing demand in the market of mechanical screws for fastener suppliers and manufacturers over the years never cease to innovate developments in the society’s improvement that is why Sunrise Fasteners is continuously producing in centered to quality over the fierce market competition.
📷
CONTACT THE FASTENER SUPPLIER
Every manufacturer offers quality in standards of fastening materials but there will be one company who can establish the needs and requirements of customers. With proper research and knowledge in the capabilities of a supplier surely there’ll be one organization to stand out among the rest. The top 10 fastener suppliers and manufacturers are not listed accordingly in ranking but to give out an idea where quality in production and service are practiced in manufacturing.
Among the listed fastener supplier and manufacturers were our very own organization that proudly produces in capacity to enterprising demands. Prince fastener is a trusted supplier by many brands for bringing the specilization in standard and non-standard fastener products in the highest quality and the finest service. We are gratified to be committed in leading the industry of manufacturers for supporting the excellent production solutions in every industry.

The metal-air battery market is projected to grow from USD 498 million in 2022 to USD 993 million by 2027, at a CAGR of 14.8% from 2022 to 2027. Rising demand for high-energy density storage solutions, increasing use of zinc-air batteries in electronic devices, and rising demand for green-energy sources are some of the major factors propelling the growth of the metal-air battery market.
To know about the assumptions considered for the study download the pdf brochure
GP Batteries International (Hong Kong), Arotech Corporation (US), Energizer Holdings (US), Duracell (US), and Renata SA (Switzerland) are the top five players in the metal-air battery market globally. These companies offer a wide range of metal-air batteries, as well as related solutions and services, and have operations worldwide. They rely on their R&D capabilities and diversified product and service portfolios to increase their market share.

By Application

• Electric Vehicles
• Military Electronics
• Electronic Devices
• Stationary Power

GP Batteries International
GP Batteries International develops and manufactures batteries and battery-related products. The product portfolio offered by the company includes single-use batteries, rechargeable batteries, specialty batteries, chargers, cables, power banks, flashlights, and batteries for electric vehicles. The company has rapidly expanded to become one of the world’s major suppliers of primary and rechargeable batteries. GP’s battery production facilities are in China, Vietnam, and Malaysia, supported by marketing and trading offices spanning Asia, Europe, and North America.
Arotech Corporation
Arotech Corporation is involved in the design and manufacturing of battery solutions, innovative energy management systems, and power distribution technologies for aerospace and defense. The company operates through three business divisions: Advance Electronics, Training & Simulation, and Energy Solutions. The company’s Energy Solutions division provides zinc-air batteries, rechargeable batteries, and battery chargers for the military focusing on high-energy and lightweight applications. In December 2019, Arotech was acquired by Greenbriar Equity Group. The company was publicly held before this acquisition and went private post this acquisition.
Energizer Holdings
Energizer Holdings deals with the manufacturing and distribution of primary batteries; portable lights and auto care appearances; and performance, refrigerant, and fragrance products. The company has been recognized globally by its renowned brand Energizer, Eveready, Rayovac, and Varta. Energizer offers household batteries including primary, rechargeable, specialty, and hearing aid using lithium, alkaline, carbon zinc, nickel metal hydride, zinc-air, and silver oxide. Energizer currently has six operational facilities in the US. It also has an operational facility in Singapore capable of producing alkaline and lithium batteries. The company owns trademarks of Energizer, Rayovac, and Eveready, which include related designs, slogans, and sub-brands worldwide.
Related Reports:
Metal-air Battery Market by Metal (Zinc, Lithium, Aluminum, Iron), Voltage, Type (Primary, Secondary), Application (Electric Vehicles, Military Electronics, Electronic Devices, Stationary Power) and Region - Global Forecast to 2027
Contact: Mr. Aashish Mehra MarketsandMarkets™ INC. 630 Dundee Road Suite 430 Northbrook, IL 60062 USA : 1-888-600-6441

BEST ENGINE OIL LIST [COMPOSITIONS]
Until now we were only guided by the recommendation of a forum member, a mechanic or friend, either based on their personal experience or by the information in their technical data sheets, many of them incomplete.
I have compiled information from different REAL laboratory analyses, this list is not influenced at all by slogans and commercial tips used by brands in their advertising or in the labeling of their product, or by "briefcases" to favor one brand or another, but in the characteristics of the oil, its specifications, the composition of its base and its additives
Some are marketed in our country, others can be purchased through Ebay or Amazon and unfortunately others are impossible to obtain. (I have removed some that are only sold in other continents)
The ideal is to choose, within the specifications required by your engine (Viscosity, ACEA, API) and within your budget, the oil model that is in one of the TOPs in which oils with the best bases are classified.
GROUP OF BASES ORDERED FROM WORST TO BEST
Group III HC
-It is a synthetic base of organic origin that is obtained from the hydrogenation (cleaning) of the mineral base through the hydrocracking process. It is the most used lubricant base by oil companies due to its low cost compared to other bases.
Paraffin isomerization processes are also used in which n-paraffins are transformed into iso-paraffins.
Bases of mineral origin are valid for the vast majority of applications for which they are required. However, when it is necessary to work in extreme conditions, these bases suffer some limits in their behavior. Some of these limitations are:
*At temperatures below -20º, most mineral oils, except when they have added freezing point depressant additives, begin to solidify.
*At temperatures above 180º, lower molecular weight components evaporate, causing an increase in oil viscosity and consequently altering most of its properties.
*When working at high temperatures, mineral oils react more easily with oxygen in the air, forming gums and residues that thicken the oil.
*The viscosity/temperature properties of some mineral oils mean that they are too fluid at high temperatures and too little at low temperatures.
*From an environmental point of view, base oils of mineral origin are not completely biodegradable.
Group III+ GTL
-"GAS TO LIQUID", synthetic base obtained from the liquefaction of natural gas.
Although they belong to the same group as HC of mineral origin, their obtaining/processing is more laborious and expensive, resulting in a better base than its "brother" HC.
Higher purity, higher thermal stability, higher viscosity index, lower volatility, higher oxidation resistance and better response to additives than HC.
They are mainly used by Shell (in most models of its Helix Ultra and Professional range) as well as Mobil (in its Mobil1 range)
Group IV - PAO "Polyalphaolefins"
Synthetic lubricants obtained from ethylene in a process in which a chemical compound is added at the molecular level called Poly-Alphaolefins that give it high temperature resistance and very little volatility (evaporation).
He takes only what interests him from the oil, only the molecules that lubricate, separates them and then uses them to formulate the base.
PAO-based or PAO "enhanced" motor oils (can be used either as a base or as an additive to enhance an HC or GTL) have a number of unique properties that cannot be obtained using conventional Group III base oils.
*Low evaporation (Noak). PAO oils have very low evaporation at high loads, so the oil level on the dipstick barely drops and prevents the oil viscosity from increasing over the miles.
*Without impurities. The use of the PAO base eliminates the addition of a polymeric thickener, which is the main cause of carbon formation in the engine.
* Preservation of properties. PAO-based oils retain their lubricating properties even under high load for longer, which allows the replacement interval to be increased.
*Does not freeze at -63°. PAO base oil has excellent low temperature properties.
Group V – Ester
Ester It is a synthetic compound that is not derived from petroleum but from the reaction of a fatty acid with an alcohol. It is also the most expensive to produce because in its manufacture by natural "cutting" 2 out of 5 productions are rejected.
It is mainly used in the aeronautics, aerospace industry and in automotive competition lubricants where its properties of resistance to extreme temperatures ranging from -68 ° to +325 °, high stickiness and polarity, allow the lubricant to adhere to metal parts.
This compound is the king of compounds in terms of liquid lubricants.
It provides greater lubricity, resistance to extreme temperatures and pressures, polarity (adheres to metals so that the upper parts of the engine do not remain "dry") and also provides detergency.
Approximate price of compounds per ton year 2019
HC up to $750
GTL up to 780$
PAO up to $2700
Ester up to 6000$
Additives
Traditionally, 3 additives are used in motor oils, which are common in all of them (Sota, Caballo and Rey), varying the proportion:
Phosphorus (P) + Zinc (Zn) "ZDDP" - This compound additive has anti-friction, anti-wear, anti-stick, antioxidant and anti-corrosion functions of anti-wear additives most used and most effective.
In some ACEA and API its use is limited/restricted since a higher concentration = a higher amount of ashes and a higher amount of sulfur.
In sports cut oils, their concentration is usually higher (double, triple and even quadruple) since for circuit use the ash/sulfur issue matters rather little.
Calcium (Ca) - Found in oils in the form of neutralizing additives and detergents.
Calcium sulfonate is used and a more modern version of detergents is calcium salicylate. They have the functions of neutralizing the acids formed in the oil during the burning of fuel, such as sulfuric acid (among others) and keeping the engine clean inside.
It also provides dispersing properties (ability to retain particles in suspension) as well as a corrosion inhibitor.
Additionallyin oils with more modern additive packages, we find additives that provide more and better properties to the oil and that not everyone uses, among them are:
Molybdenum (Mo) - Main function is to modify friction, as an anti-rust agent, and to reduce engine noise and consumption.
Molybdenum creates a wear-resistant coating between friction pairs, thus creating a low coefficient of friction between part surfaces.
In the past, molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) was used, it consists of solid microparticles of mineral origin, well known in commercial additives and some oils, but today it is almost obsolete.
It has recently been replaced by more modern and effective molybdenum compounds, such as organic molybdenum, which is infinitely more soluble and effective than the old MoS₂, while generating less waste.
The different types of organic molybdenum (the pata negra) are mainly MoDTC (molybdenum dithiocarbamate), MoDTP (molybdenum dithiophosphate) and various molybdenum complexes of single core, double core, trinuclear organic molybdenum.
Molybdenum is most often found in ILSAC (Norm, American Standard) and A5/B5/C2 (Fuel Saver) motor oils, but lately we are seeing it more and more in oils with other specifications where ZDDP It is restricted.
Boron (B) - It is a multipurpose additive that extends its properties depending on the type and its concentration:
In small amounts it acts as a dispersant capable of keeping combustion products in suspension and helps to better dissolve and distribute anti-wear and anti-friction additives in oils, improving their efficiency.
In larger quantities it also acts as a neutralizing detergent and in large quantities it also modifies friction, reducing noise and consumption.
It is increasingly found in modern additive packages in order to reduce/minimize the use of Calcium.
Boron is also found in commercial additives and some oils in the form of solid particles, known as hexagonal boron nitride (hBn), its main function is that of friction modifier.
Magnesium (Mg) - Neutralizes acids formed during fuel combustion, can improve other properties of oils, for example, keeping particles in suspension , detergency, resist corrosion, etc... an undoubted advantage of using such an additive in oils is a lower sulfur content and a lower ash content.
Both boron and magnesium are recommended for direct injection gasoline engines, which are quite prone to residue build-up on piston rings, piston heads and valves.
It is increasingly found in modern additive packages to reduce/minimize Calcium usage and mitigate a very unwanted phenomenon called LSPI (Low RPM Connecting Rod Knocking).
Magnesium is also widely used in oil formulations for use in heavy diesel vehicles, such as trucks, agricultural vehicles, earthmoving vehicles, etc.
Titanium (Ti) - Found in motor oils in the form of titanium oxide, it has an antioxidant function, reduces wear and friction.
Titanium oxides, chemically interacting with metal surfaces, create an anti-wear layer on it. Therefore, additives based on titanium compounds reduce wear, have anti-seize properties, reduce the coefficient of friction, are highly soluble in oils and are an effective antioxidant. Commonly used by Castrol in their "Titanium" range (although less and less lately)
Wolframium (W) - Also known as Tungsten, It is found in motor oils in the form of an organotungstate, it has an antioxidant function, reduces wear and friction..
Organotusngtate, which chemically interact with metal surfaces, create an anti-wear layer on it. Therefore, additives based on organotungstate compounds reduce wear, have anti-seize properties, reduce the coefficient of friction, are highly soluble in oils, and are an effective antioxidant. Commonly used by Ravenol in its high range and the new range of Liqui Moly Molygen "New Generation"
Note:
It is necessary to differentiate between [B]friction reducer[/B] and [B]friction modifier[/B], it seems the same but it is not.
Phosphorus / Zinc "ZDDP" - Reduces friction and prevents wear by avoiding contact and the parts rubbing against each other (metal vs metal) when there is no longer a hydrodynamic cushion (oil films), hence its use is necessary and mandatory in ALL motor oils.
Boron and Molybdenum - Modifies the friction by softening the friction of the pieces but to a certain extent, creates soft "layers" (like puff pastry) on the surface of the pieces, reduces the coefficient of friction, reduces fuel consumption, noise of the engine and in doses of "horse" it helps the engine to develop its maximum power, but when the friction is excessive this protective layer is insufficient, it does not prevent friction but it minimizes it, once those "layers" are overcome it is where it enters The ZDDP is at stake, hence its use is optional and it is not always present.
TOP VISCOSITIES
The specifications of the different oils have been structured as follows:
Brand and Model + Base Composition
TOP XW-16/20 PAO or GTL or HC
Amsoil Signature Series 0W-20 60% PAO + HC + 13% Ester API SP - ACEA A1/B1 ILSAC GF6 "https://youtu.be/dn_gUbx36kQ"
Amsoil Signature Series 5W-20 60% PAO + HC + 5% Ester API SN - ACEA A1/B1 ILSAC GF5
Amsoil Dominator 5W-20 HC + 60% PAO + 10% Ester
Extreme VR2 0w-20 GTE 70% PAO + 10% Ester API SP - ILSAC GF6 - ACEA C5 "https://youtu.be/OhEgAnnKazQ"
Mobil 1 ESP 0W-20 GTL + 20% PAO + 6% Ester API SN - ACEA A1/B1
Mobil 1 Advanced Fuel Economy 0W-20 40% PAO + HC API SN - ILSAC GF5
Motorex Concept B-XL 0w-20 HC + 20% PAO + 5% Ester ACEA A1/B1
Shell Helix Ultra 0W-20 GTL API SN - ACEA A1/B1 - ILSAC GF5
Shell Helix Ultra AF 5W-20 GTL API SN - ACEA A1/B1 - ILSAC GF5
Xenum Nippon Energy 0W-20 50% PAO + HC API SN - ACEA A1/B1
Motul Hybrid 0W-20 HC + 25% PAO API SN - ILSAC GF5 "https://youtu.be/soGTPVUq7L4"
Motul Eco-lite 0W-20HC + 30% PAO + 3% Ester API SN - ILSAC GF5
Ravenol Eco Synth ECS SAE 0w-2040% PAO + HC API SN RC - ACEA A1/B1 - ILSAC GF5 "https://youtu.be/ixx70RDoOjg"
Ravenol Extra Fuel Economy EFE SAE 0w-16 50% PAO + HC + API SN "https://youtu.be/BbokQZVA6ZI"
Ravenol SFE SAE 5w2050% PAO + HC API SN RC ILSAC GF5 "https://youtu.be/C_5jKDaAXns"
Redline 0W-20 40%-60% Ester + PAO API SN - ACEA A5/B5 ILSAC GF5 "https://youtu.be/xZr8GNzsxNQ"
Redline 5W-20 40%-60% Ester + PAO API SN - ACEA A5/B5 ILSAC GF5
TOP 0W-30 PAO + HC or HC + PAO
Amsoil Signature Series 0W-30 60% PAO + HC + 13% Ester API SP - ACEA A5/B5 ILSAC GF6 "https://youtu.be/XYiSnm18u6k"
Castrol EDGE FST 0w30 A3/B4 HC + 30% PAO API SN - ACEA A3/B4 "https://youtu.be/M2sSXpdWDbw"
Castrol EDGE 0w30 C370% PAO + HC API SN - ACEA C3
Elf Evolution FT900 0w-30 50% PAO + HC API SL - ACEA A3/B4 "https://youtu.be/gWoH41rkFeo"
Eni I-Sint 0w30 40% PAO + 15% Ester *ACEA A5/B5 https://youtu.be/8VZUUY7bX8s"
Fuchs Titan Supersyn Longlife 0W-30 HC + 30% PAO + 10% Ester API SL - ACEA A3/B4
Motul 8100 X-lite 0W-30 HC + 30% PAO + 10% Ester API SL - ACEA A3/B4
Petronas Syntium 7000 DM 0W-30 40% PAO + HC API SN - ACEA C3 https://youtu.be/RF357EzBE20
Petronas Syntium 7000 E 0W-30 30% PAO + HC API SN - ACEA C2 ILSAC GF5 https://youtu.be/SOrRi2UqjAU
Ravenol FES 0w-30 55% PAO + 5% Ester ACEA C2 https://youtu.be/bNPoCP-0VGc
Ravenol VSW 0W-30 55% PAO + HC + 7% Ester API SN - ACEA C3 https://youtu.be/70gsvuDC9XE
Ravenol SSO 0W-30 50% PAO + HC API SN - ACEA A3/B4 https://youtu.be/bk-vv8HVMLM
Ravenol SSV 0W-30 50% PAO + HC API SL - ACEA A5/B5 https://youtu.be/ql0Q31f09uY
Redline 0W-30 40%-60% Ester + PAO API SN - ACEA A5/B5 ILSAC GF5
Total Quartz Ineo Efficiency 0W-30 50% PAO + HC ACEA C2/C3
Total Quartz Ineo First 0W-30 HC + 30% PAO ACEA C1/C2 https://youtu.be/VT2kiyMPzjs
Texaco Havoline ProDS P 0W-30 60% PAO + HC ACEA C2 https://youtu.be/HmfL-XfKmjE

Until now we were only guided by the recommendation of a forum member, a mechanic or friend, either based on their personal experience or by the information in their technical data sheets, many of them incomplete.
I have compiled information from different REAL laboratory analyses, this list is not influenced at all by slogans and commercial tips used by brands in their advertising or in the labeling of their product, or by "briefcases" to favor one brand or another, but in the characteristics of the oil, its specifications, the composition of its base and its additives
Some are marketed in our country, others can be purchased through Ebay or Amazon and unfortunately others are impossible to obtain. (I have removed some that are only sold in other continents)
The ideal is to choose, within the specifications required by your engine (Viscosity, ACEA, API) and within your budget, the oil model that is in one of the TOPs in which oils with the best bases are classified.
GROUP OF BASES ORDERED FROM WORST TO BEST
Group III HC
-It is a synthetic base of organic origin that is obtained from the hydrogenation (cleaning) of the mineral base through the hydrocracking process. It is the most used lubricant base by oil companies due to its low cost compared to other bases.
Paraffin isomerization processes are also used in which n-paraffins are transformed into iso-paraffins.
Bases of mineral origin are valid for the vast majority of applications for which they are required. However, when it is necessary to work in extreme conditions, these bases suffer some limits in their behavior. Some of these limitations are:
*At temperatures below -20º, most mineral oils, except when they have added freezing point depressant additives, begin to solidify.
*At temperatures above 180º, lower molecular weight components evaporate, causing an increase in oil viscosity and consequently altering most of its properties.
*When working at high temperatures, mineral oils react more easily with oxygen in the air, forming gums and residues that thicken the oil.
*The viscosity/temperature properties of some mineral oils mean that they are too fluid at high temperatures and too little at low temperatures.
*From an environmental point of view, base oils of mineral origin are not completely biodegradable.
Group III+ GTL
-"GAS TO LIQUID", synthetic base obtained from the liquefaction of natural gas.
Although they belong to the same group as HC of mineral origin, their obtaining/processing is more laborious and expensive, resulting in a better base than its "brother" HC.
Higher purity, higher thermal stability, higher viscosity index, lower volatility, higher oxidation resistance and better response to additives than HC.
They are mainly used by Shell (in most models of its Helix Ultra and Professional range) as well as Mobil (in its Mobil1 range)
Group IV - PAO "Polyalphaolefins"
Synthetic lubricants obtained from ethylene in a process in which a chemical compound is added at the molecular level called Poly-Alphaolefins that give it high temperature resistance and very little volatility (evaporation).
He takes only what interests him from the oil, only the molecules that lubricate, separates them and then uses them to formulate the base.
PAO-based or PAO "enhanced" motor oils (can be used either as a base or as an additive to enhance an HC or GTL) have a number of unique properties that cannot be obtained using conventional Group III base oils.
*Low evaporation (Noak). PAO oils have very low evaporation at high loads, so the oil level on the dipstick barely drops and prevents the oil viscosity from increasing over the miles.
*Without impurities. The use of the PAO base eliminates the addition of a polymeric thickener, which is the main cause of carbon formation in the engine.
* Preservation of properties. PAO-based oils retain their lubricating properties even under high load for longer, which allows the replacement interval to be increased.
*Does not freeze at -63°. PAO base oil has excellent low temperature properties.
Group V – Ester
Ester It is a synthetic compound that is not derived from petroleum but from the reaction of a fatty acid with an alcohol. It is also the most expensive to produce because in its manufacture by natural "cutting" 2 out of 5 productions are rejected.
It is mainly used in the aeronautics, aerospace industry and in automotive competition lubricants where its properties of resistance to extreme temperatures ranging from -68 ° to +325 °, high stickiness and polarity, allow the lubricant to adhere to metal parts.
This compound is the king of compounds in terms of liquid lubricants.
It provides greater lubricity, resistance to extreme temperatures and pressures, polarity (adheres to metals so that the upper parts of the engine do not remain "dry") and also provides detergency.
Approximate price of compounds per ton year 2019
HC up to $750
GTL up to 780$
PAO up to $2700
Ester up to 6000$
Additives
Traditionally, 3 additives are used in motor oils, which are common in all of them (Sota, Caballo and Rey), varying the proportion:
Phosphorus (P) + Zinc (Zn) "ZDDP" - This compound additive has anti-friction, anti-wear, anti-stick, antioxidant and anti-corrosion functions of anti-wear additives most used and most effective.
In some ACEA and API its use is limited/restricted since a higher concentration = a higher amount of ashes and a higher amount of sulfur.
In sports cut oils, their concentration is usually higher (double, triple and even quadruple) since for circuit use the ash/sulfur issue matters rather little.
Calcium (Ca) - Found in oils in the form of neutralizing additives and detergents.
Calcium sulfonate is used and a more modern version of detergents is calcium salicylate. They have the functions of neutralizing the acids formed in the oil during the burning of fuel, such as sulfuric acid (among others) and keeping the engine clean inside.
It also provides dispersing properties (ability to retain particles in suspension) as well as a corrosion inhibitor.
Additionallyin oils with more modern additive packages, we find additives that provide more and better properties to the oil and that not everyone uses, among them are:
Molybdenum (Mo) - Main function is to modify friction, as an anti-rust agent, and to reduce engine noise and consumption.
Molybdenum creates a wear-resistant coating between friction pairs, thus creating a low coefficient of friction between part surfaces.
In the past, molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) was used, it consists of solid microparticles of mineral origin, well known in commercial additives and some oils, but today it is almost obsolete.
It has recently been replaced by more modern and effective molybdenum compounds, such as organic molybdenum, which is infinitely more soluble and effective than the old MoS₂, while generating less waste.
The different types of organic molybdenum (the pata negra) are mainly MoDTC (molybdenum dithiocarbamate), MoDTP (molybdenum dithiophosphate) and various molybdenum complexes of single core, double core, trinuclear organic molybdenum.
Molybdenum is most often found in ILSAC (Norm, American Standard) and A5/B5/C2 (Fuel Saver) motor oils, but lately we are seeing it more and more in oils with other specifications where ZDDP It is restricted.
Boron (B) - It is a multipurpose additive that extends its properties depending on the type and its concentration:
In small amounts it acts as a dispersant capable of keeping combustion products in suspension and helps to better dissolve and distribute anti-wear and anti-friction additives in oils, improving their efficiency.
In larger quantities it also acts as a neutralizing detergent and in large quantities it also modifies friction, reducing noise and consumption.
It is increasingly found in modern additive packages in order to reduce/minimize the use of Calcium.
Boron is also found in commercial additives and some oils in the form of solid particles, known as hexagonal boron nitride (hBn), its main function is that of friction modifier.
Magnesium (Mg) - Neutralizes acids formed during fuel combustion, can improve other properties of oils, for example, keeping particles in suspension , detergency, resist corrosion, etc... an undoubted advantage of using such an additive in oils is a lower sulfur content and a lower ash content.
Both boron and magnesium are recommended for direct injection gasoline engines, which are quite prone to residue build-up on piston rings, piston heads and valves.
It is increasingly found in modern additive packages to reduce/minimize Calcium usage and mitigate a very unwanted phenomenon called LSPI (Low RPM Connecting Rod Knocking).
Magnesium is also widely used in oil formulations for use in heavy diesel vehicles, such as trucks, agricultural vehicles, earthmoving vehicles, etc.
Titanium (Ti) - Found in motor oils in the form of titanium oxide, it has an antioxidant function, reduces wear and friction.
Titanium oxides, chemically interacting with metal surfaces, create an anti-wear layer on it. Therefore, additives based on titanium compounds reduce wear, have anti-seize properties, reduce the coefficient of friction, are highly soluble in oils and are an effective antioxidant. Commonly used by Castrol in their "Titanium" range (although less and less lately)
Wolframium (W) - Also known as Tungsten, It is found in motor oils in the form of an organotungstate, it has an antioxidant function, reduces wear and friction..
Organotusngtate, which chemically interact with metal surfaces, create an anti-wear layer on it. Therefore, additives based on organotungstate compounds reduce wear, have anti-seize properties, reduce the coefficient of friction, are highly soluble in oils, and are an effective antioxidant. Commonly used by Ravenol in its high range and the new range of Liqui Moly Molygen "New Generation"
Note:
It is necessary to differentiate between [B]friction reducer[/B] and [B]friction modifier[/B], it seems the same but it is not.
Phosphorus / Zinc "ZDDP" - Reduces friction and prevents wear by avoiding contact and the parts rubbing against each other (metal vs metal) when there is no longer a hydrodynamic cushion (oil films), hence its use is necessary and mandatory in ALL motor oils.
Boron and Molybdenum - Modifies the friction by softening the friction of the pieces but to a certain extent, creates soft "layers" (like puff pastry) on the surface of the pieces, reduces the coefficient of friction, reduces fuel consumption, noise of the engine and in doses of "horse" it helps the engine to develop its maximum power, but when the friction is excessive this protective layer is insufficient, it does not prevent friction but it minimizes it, once those "layers" are overcome it is where it enters The ZDDP is at stake, hence its use is optional and it is not always present.
TOP VISCOSITIES
The specifications of the different oils have been structured as follows:
Brand and Model + Base Composition
TOP XW-16/20 PAO or GTL or HC
Amsoil Signature Series 0W-20 60% PAO + HC + 13% Ester API SP - ACEA A1/B1 ILSAC GF6 "https://youtu.be/dn_gUbx36kQ"
Amsoil Signature Series 5W-20 60% PAO + HC + 5% Ester API SN - ACEA A1/B1 ILSAC GF5
Amsoil Dominator 5W-20 HC + 60% PAO + 10% Ester
Extreme VR2 0w-20 GTE 70% PAO + 10% Ester API SP - ILSAC GF6 - ACEA C5 "https://youtu.be/OhEgAnnKazQ"
Mobil 1 ESP 0W-20 GTL + 20% PAO + 6% Ester API SN - ACEA A1/B1
Mobil 1 Advanced Fuel Economy 0W-20 40% PAO + HC API SN - ILSAC GF5
Motorex Concept B-XL 0w-20 HC + 20% PAO + 5% Ester ACEA A1/B1
Shell Helix Ultra 0W-20 GTL API SN - ACEA A1/B1 - ILSAC GF5
Shell Helix Ultra AF 5W-20 GTL API SN - ACEA A1/B1 - ILSAC GF5
Xenum Nippon Energy 0W-20 50% PAO + HC API SN - ACEA A1/B1
Motul Hybrid 0W-20 HC + 25% PAO API SN - ILSAC GF5 "https://youtu.be/soGTPVUq7L4"
Motul Eco-lite 0W-20HC + 30% PAO + 3% Ester API SN - ILSAC GF5
Ravenol Eco Synth ECS SAE 0w-2040% PAO + HC API SN RC - ACEA A1/B1 - ILSAC GF5 "https://youtu.be/ixx70RDoOjg"
Ravenol Extra Fuel Economy EFE SAE 0w-16 50% PAO + HC + API SN "https://youtu.be/BbokQZVA6ZI"
Ravenol SFE SAE 5w2050% PAO + HC API SN RC ILSAC GF5 "https://youtu.be/C_5jKDaAXns"
Redline 0W-20 40%-60% Ester + PAO API SN - ACEA A5/B5 ILSAC GF5 "https://youtu.be/xZr8GNzsxNQ"
Redline 5W-20 40%-60% Ester + PAO API SN - ACEA A5/B5 ILSAC GF5
​
TOP 0W-30 PAO + HC or HC + PAO
Amsoil Signature Series 0W-30 60% PAO + HC + 13% Ester API SP - ACEA A5/B5 ILSAC GF6 "https://youtu.be/XYiSnm18u6k"
Castrol EDGE FST 0w30 A3/B4 HC + 30% PAO API SN - ACEA A3/B4 "https://youtu.be/M2sSXpdWDbw"
Castrol EDGE 0w30 C370% PAO + HC API SN - ACEA C3
Elf Evolution FT900 0w-30 50% PAO + HC API SL - ACEA A3/B4 "https://youtu.be/gWoH41rkFeo"
Eni I-Sint 0w30 40% PAO + 15% Ester *ACEA A5/B5 https://youtu.be/8VZUUY7bX8s"
Fuchs Titan Supersyn Longlife 0W-30 HC + 30% PAO + 10% Ester API SL - ACEA A3/B4
Motul 8100 X-lite 0W-30 HC + 30% PAO + 10% Ester API SL - ACEA A3/B4
Petronas Syntium 7000 DM 0W-30 40% PAO + HC API SN - ACEA C3 https://youtu.be/RF357EzBE20
Petronas Syntium 7000 E 0W-30 30% PAO + HC API SN - ACEA C2 ILSAC GF5 https://youtu.be/SOrRi2UqjAU
Ravenol FES 0w-30 55% PAO + 5% Ester ACEA C2 https://youtu.be/bNPoCP-0VGc
Ravenol VSW 0W-30 55% PAO + HC + 7% Ester API SN - ACEA C3 https://youtu.be/70gsvuDC9XE
Ravenol SSO 0W-30 50% PAO + HC API SN - ACEA A3/B4 https://youtu.be/bk-vv8HVMLM
Ravenol SSV 0W-30 50% PAO + HC API SL - ACEA A5/B5 https://youtu.be/ql0Q31f09uY
Redline 0W-30 40%-60% Ester + PAO API SN - ACEA A5/B5 ILSAC GF5
Total Quartz Ineo Efficiency 0W-30 50% PAO + HC ACEA C2/C3
Total Quartz Ineo First 0W-30 HC + 30% PAO ACEA C1/C2 https://youtu.be/VT2kiyMPzjs
Texaco Havoline ProDS P 0W-30[/URL][/B] 60% PAO + HC ACEA C2 https://youtu.be/HmfL-XfKmjE
​

Now I’m 39 and have started using TO granactive retinoid 2% emulsion at night with buffet on top them my moisturizer. Then in the morning the naicinamide & zinc with buffet and a hydrating sunscreen. It’s been about 6 weeks and I’m feeling like I’m seeing a big difference in the texture of my skin, particularly my wrinkles and thinner skin around my eyes is plumper and way less bumps on my forehead.
What I wanted to ask is should I be waiting for my skin to dry between cleansing and applying products? (Particularly the retinol?) And then should I be letting each layer dry as well? I’ve read a few different thoughts with this, and wanted to know what you guys think. Also I’m wanting to increase the strength of retinol I’m using, now I know my skin can handle what I’m using now. What would you recommend as my next step up?
Really have to say a big thankyou to this sub because I used to think a lot of skin care was marketing, pretty colored creams and fragrances with bogus siciency sounding slogans... and reading all about what is actually out there in topical creams and what they can do etc has been eye opening and I’m loving how positive my own skin care is because of you guys!

"Fuck. Fuck. Fuck." - Delaware's own Tom Carper, voice of the people

Fax And Fiction

“A home run in the bottom of the ninth!” “A very good speech!” “Enormously effective!” “The best he’s been!” And that’s just how a bunch of Fox News Republicans thought Joe Biden did last night.

• The 2020 DNC convention came to a close Thursday after Biden accepted the Democratic presidential nomination and delivered a speech about why the country needs new political leadership (had you noticed?) and how he’d bring the country back from this despairing moment. Some of us only found out he’d be delivering the speech live a few minutes before it began and had a minor panic attack, but as you can see from the Fox News roundtable response, even people who are normally reliable Trump propagandists thought he did a great job.
  
• Biden began his address by acknowledging the terrible crises the country faces, which fed into an airtight case that President Trump (who went unnamed) had failed and should be denied a second term, followed by an explanation of how he’d lead in Trump’s wake: First, do what Trump has failed to do by arresting the spread of coronavirus, and rescuing the economy from collapse, then set about implementing a post-coronavirus agenda. “I will be an ally of the light not of the darkness,” he said, which seems like it’d be a nice change of pace. You can watch the whole thing here.
  
• Prior to Biden’s speech, the event featured a reunion of a bunch of the people that Biden beat in the primary, talking about how Biden will make a great president and about how they’re not mad and, actually, they’re laughing. Tammys Baldwin and Duckworth delivered back-to-back speeches where they spoke to Biden’s strength on healthcare and capacity to not ignore Russian bounties on U.S. troops, and in the most moving segment of the evening, a 13 year old boy named Brayden Harrington recounted how Biden had helped him gain confidence despite speaking with a stutter. Michael Bloomberg was also there.
  

Having watched Democrats produce a widely hailed, politically effective, and technically smooth virtual convention (thank you Glenn), Trump graciously offered a preview of the paranoid, racist, lie-drenched festival Republicans have planned for next week!

• Trump counter-programmed the Dem convention on Sean Hannity’s show, where he announced his plan to turn the entire U.S. law enforcement community into partisan “poll watchers” (many of whom happen to be armed) to menace people who look like they might vote for Democrats. “We’re going to have sheriffs and we’re going to have law enforcement and we’re going to have hopefully U.S. Attorneys and we’re going to have everybody, and attorney generals,” he said. Inspiring words from a confident incumbent.
  
• A familiar cast of Trump dead-enders will deliver speeches in some capacity ahead of Trump’s renomination. What remains unclear is whether the Republican convention will also provide a platform for QAnon cultists, or whether it will simply pander to them with allusions to their deranged conspiracy theories. On Thursday the New York Times published this alarming report on how the Republican Party has begun to fuse with QAnon, and not just by nominating QAnon adherents to run for elected office. Trump routinely retweets QAnon theorists and has given their cult his hearty thanks for supporting him, and the Texas GOP has adopted a QAnon slogan as its own.
  

Apart from his promises to fix the crises Trump has created, Biden’s most basic appeal this week was that Trump has made America a crueler place, and he would make it better simply by being a kind, empathic, generous person. That shows just how low Trump has set the bar for American leadership. But it’s also a step the country needs to take on its road to recovery, or it’ll never recover. Ready to do your part?

Look No Further Than The Crooked Media

On this week's Campaign Experts React to Good and Bad 2020 Ads (you love it), Dan Pfeiffer and former Obama senior advisor David Axelrod react to a Biden ad targeting seniors in Florida, a negative spot from the Trump campaign, and an ad from Governor Roy Cooper's re-election campaign in North Carolina. Don't forget to smash that subscribe button →

Under The Radar

Postmaster General Louis DeJoy testified before a GOP-led Senate committee today, insisting that the USPS is “fully capable and committed to delivering the nation's election mail securely and on time.” That commitment does not, apparently, extend to reinstalling mailboxes and sorting machines ahead of the election. Kamala Harris was on the panel, but opted to submit questions to DeJoy in writing rather than participate in the hearing—a surprising choice, given that flaying Republican hacks is one of Harris’s top strengths. Meanwhile, Treasury Secretary Steve Mnuchin denied having anything to do with Trump’s selection of DeJoy for the job, while the former USPS inspector general told the Congressional Progressive Caucus that Mnuchin had politicized the agency, and specifically wanted mailboxes removed. The House is set to vote on a bill that would provide $25 billion to the post office on Saturday, and DeJoy will appear before the House oversight committee on Monday.

What Else?

The Trump administration will put coronavirus-data collection back in the hands of the CDC, after the abrupt shift to a new HHS reporting system caused delays and data inconsistencies, just like public health experts warned it would. Good—now to find out exactly why it happened in the first place.
In the meantime, it’s on to the next: The White House has barred the FDA from regulating coronavirus tests. Approved labs will be able to make and sell tests without having to provide data on their reliability, and just speaking for ourselves here, accuracy is one of our favorite coronavirus-test features.
President Trump casually suggested withholding federal aid for California amid raging wildfires, because California didn’t take his suggestion to rake forest floors. Trump’s own former DHS chief of staff said Trump tried to withhold emergency funding for California because Californians didn’t vote for him.
Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer made clear he’s open to abolishing the filibuster if Joe Biden wins with a Democratic Senate majority. Let’s get it done →
Progressives were pretty pissed when Nancy Pelosi endorsed Joe Kennedy over Sen. Ed Markey (D-MA) on Thursday, but maybe she had a good reason? “I wasn’t too happy with some of the assault that I saw made on the Kennedy family, and I thought, Joe didn’t ask me to endorse him, but I felt an imperative to do so.” Oh.
Facebook has reportedly begun laying out contingency plans in case Trump tries to delegitimize the election results, including a “kill switch” to shut down political ads after election day. Whether any of those plans will remain in place after Trump calls Mark Zuckerberg and screams at him, we cannot say.
A California judge sentenced Joseph DeAngelo, the Golden State Killer, to life in prison without the possibility of parole. DeAngelo pleaded guilty to 13 murders and dozens of rapes.
In significantly less horrific California crimes, a federal judge sentenced Lori Loughlin to two months in prison for her role in the Varsity Blues college admissions scheme. Loughlin’s husband was sentenced to five months.
In medium-horrific California crimes, Megan Thee Stallion has accused rapper Tory Lanez of shooting her in the feet following an argument last month.
Fox News staffers are rattled by how fully the network has become a Trump mouthpiece, and even Sean Hannity has reportedly been having a terrible time: “Hannity would tell you, off-off-off the record, that Trump is a batshit crazy person.” God bless them for putting aside those personal feelings to press on with the important work of radicalizing everyone’s parents.

Be Smarter

Doctors have cleared opposition leader Alexey Navalny to be transported to Germany for treatment, after initially blocking his family’s attempts to move him. Navalny is in a coma after falling ill on a return flight to Moscow from Siberia in a suspected poisoning. The deputy head physician at the Siberian hospital where Navalny was initially treated said that no poisons were found in his system, contradicting reports from police, who said they’d identified an “industrial chemical substance.” The hospital’s chief doctor suggested that Navalny fell into a coma because of low blood sugar, a very reasonable diagnosis in a land where doctors are known to mysteriously fall out of windows.

What A Sponsor

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Is That Hope I Feel?

This is a great piece on the political power of Joe Biden’s kindness.
Relatedly, if you’ve got a minute for a cry, here’s a video of the first time Biden met Brayden Harrington.
The New York chapter of the ACLU won an appeals court's consent to publish records of NYPD complaints dating back to the '80's, leading a federal judge to lift a restraining order on the release of NYPD disciplinary records.
Taylor Swift donated signed Folklore CDs to support indie record stores across the U.S., and also has been very cool about encouraging her fans to vote early. (Go on the pod, Taylor.)

Enjoy

craic baby on Twitter: "baby pandas have one purpose and that is Chaos"

ARichTeaBiscuit returned to her childhood city of Bundaberg to mark the official end of her re-election campaign, with the SDP representative talking to a small group of locals and demonstrating one of the leaflets that had been delivered to people across the wider Capricornia region, with the event also being broadcast through the typical social media outlets so those that couldn’t make it due to health restrictions could watch the speech.
an example of one of the posters being sent to people across Capricornia
"Hello there,
It has been an incredible experience travelling around Capricornia and being able to speak to the people once again, from a sensible distance, of course, but it has been a real pleasure to be able to reconnect with the people that I have been representing these past few months and listen to their concerns.
It is with some pride that I have been able to announce that one of the major pledges that I made during the last campaign, namely to start to address the rural GP crisis has been met with legislation that will fix this very concern going forward as we speak, however, as I noted earlier we also need to ensure that medical infrastructure in rural Australia is also up to the task and if I have the honour of representing Capricornia after this election that is something I will fight for over the next few months.
I have also had some rather interesting conversations with Australians that have expressed some concern over the antics carried out by those in the LNP, and I believe that is something that touches on an issue close to our hearts. You see when we travel to other parts of Australia, we should be proud to say that we come from Capricornia, and indeed when we travel abroad we should be proud to say that we are Australians, however, through their antics, the LNP has made the world laugh at us and they've treated rural Australians with contempt.
I'd like to start by drawing your attention to some of the more embarrassing moments that have been generated by those in the LNP, now I understand that model trains are regarded as a rather nerdy hobby but I find them to be quite fascinating, and when I was growing up I remember visiting quite a few model train exhibits with my grandfather, however, I was also raised to understand that the House of Representatives isn't exactly the best time to start playing with them, especially when you are supposed to be responding to questions posed by fellow representatives.
It is no surprise, however, to learn that such immature antics came from the Deputy Prime Minister, an individual that has caused Australia to be painted in a negative light on multiple occasions, now one can point to several incidents such as their incompetence over Cyclone Harold or their irresponsible official endorsement of one particular candidate in the 2020 US Presidential election, however, I believe the incident that they are most known for is when they decided to take a steaming dump on one of the desks of the House of Representatives while it was in session.
Just how can we expect people to treat Australia seriously or with respect when our Foreign Minister and Deputy Prime Minister, one of the most senior members of the Australian government and an individual responsible for representing us on the international stage is someone that behaved like an animal in the House of Representatives? It has been no surprise to learn that we've been the source of quite a few jokes over our deeply embarrassing Foreign Minister.
You see I believe that Capricornia deserves a candidate that will treat the House of Representatives with respect, as a politician that acts in an immature and irresponsible manner doesn't just embarrass us all here but they make it harder for the concerns of the people to be listened to by the wider representative body.
It is this value that I believe contributed to my ability to ensure that the rural GP crisis was tackled, however, it is a principle that I don't believe Riley8583 follows, as while they've decided to run away from Sydney and challenge me here in Capricornia they've still decided to be an incredibly immature representative for the people of Sydney in the final days of the term, with the Former Prime Minister interrupting the chamber several times by blowing kisses and shouting slogans from recent popular films to the extent that they were asked to leave the chamber.
If Riley8583 is elected as the representative of Capricornia then you'll get a representative that is more interested in blowing kisses and shouting about Wakanda then representing the people, a politician that puts forward motions so irresponsible that they would've banned protective face masks during an epidemic and a politician that as Prime Minister did nothing to punish someone for taking a dump on a desk of the House of Representatives.
I also said earlier that they've held rural Australians in contempt, and beyond the immature incompetence that I highlighted further, I believe that they've gone further by assuming that us folk here in Capricornia lack the intelligence to see beyond the baseless claims made by the LNP that they are the only voice of rural Australia.
I am referring to recent legislation put forward by those in the LNP that they've trotted out to claim that they are on the side of farmers, now I support our great agricultural sector here in Australia and I understand the problems are being faced by the dairy industry here, however, the approach of the LNP won't address these concerns in the long-term and will in fact just give more power over to the processing industry and upset the regional balance of our economy.
I said at the time, and I will say it again rural Australia needs a government that is willing to stand up to the processing industry monopoly, and while the LNP is unwilling to do those in the Social Democratic Party would be willing to do so, and if elected to the House of Representatives I will make certain that the Competition and Consumer Commission is empowered to break up this monopoly and ensure our dairy farmers have the bargaining power they need to succeed.
It is a rather simplistic fix to the current issues impacting our dairy industry and one that doesn't require intervention in the market that will upset the balance of our regional economy, however, as I said it is one that the LNP are unwilling to take and showcases their true contempt for rural Australians believing that they can just lie and get away with it.
I have also talked with rural Australians that are frankly upset with the manner in which they've been talking to folks in the mining industry, now I personally respect the contributions that the mining sector has made to the Australian economy in the past including that of the coal sector, however, I believe that we need to be realistic and recognise that as more and more nations set targets to switch off from coal that the market for the coal industry to export to is dwindling.
If we simply follow the recommendations of those in the LNP and pretend that everything is going to be okay forever then we'll eventually be put in a situation where thousands of people will suddenly find the rug pulled out from underneath them as the sector collapses, much as it did in townships across the United States and the United Kingdom as their coal industry declined.
It is, therefore, both economically prudent and respectful to those that work in the coal mining sector to start planning for their long-term future and how they can gain employment in other sectors of the mining industry such as lithium, iron and zinc, however, I also think when applicable someone should also have the chance to re-train to gain employment in another sector of the economy entirely.
I understand that it isn't what people wish to hear as folks have become attached to the coal mining industry here, however, I also understand that they'd prefer to have a government that has a long-term strategy to keep them and their children in employment as the rest of the world switches away from coal.
In stark contrast, it is the LNP's refusal to accept this changing reality that will lead to these rural communities suffering, as without a long-term plan to keep these people employed then we'll see a repeat of what happened in the United Kingdom when they closed the coal mines without any form of replacement employment in place, with a lost generation forming in these townships.
I don't want the good people of Capricornia to go through the pain of similar economic ruin, and that is one of the reasons that I have been fighting so strongly to be re-elected as your representative in the House of Representatives, as I will fight with every fibre of my being to ensure that nobody in the coal-mining industry is left behind, that is my pledge to you all here.
If you decide to re-elect me as the representative for Capricornia and you'll be rewarded with a representative that will fight tirelessly for you in the House, through planned improvements to rural communication and transport infrastructure here to ensure that we can connect with the rest of Australia more readily, via investments in rural healthcare services and education so that those living in rural areas won't suffer from reduced services and with investments in housing and our energy grid measures that will help our economy recover from COVID-19 through increased employment and improve the livelihoods of people here in Capricornia, and you know that through my record of delivery that when I say I will get something done that it will be done.
It also shouldn't need to be said, however, the recent immature antics of the LNP in the House of Representatives leads me to have to say that I won't bring model trains or tents into the House and that I won't blow kisses at other members and I certainly won't defecate in public, as I said such words shouldn't have to be spoken but such is the immaturity that has been showcased by those in the LNP.
I have fought tirelessly for the people of Capricornia over the past few months, and unlike my rival who ran here from Sydney after facing a tough electoral challenge I have decided to remain here in my hometown to continue to fight for the people, so on election day remember to cast your ballot for a candidate with a track record of responsible and mature action in the House of Representatives and vote ARichTeaBiscuit, vote Social Democrat, thank you.”

I hate pennies.
I hate receiving them, I hate spending them, and I hate keeping them around. I refuse to carry them or store them.
They are good for nothing, but there are reasons beyond that. Pennies are offensive specifically to libertarians.
For one thing, it carries the visage of Lincoln, the man with the reputation for being the great liberator, but at the expense of the assumption of free secession. In essence, he freed the slaves but made everyone into a citizen-slave of the Federal government.
The penny is also a function of cronyism. It takes about $0.025 or 2.5 cents to make a penny. And this is after they stopped making pure copper pennies back in 1982, pennies today are a lie, they are now made of zinc with a copper plating.
So why do we keep using them?
Because the copper lobby lobbies congress to keep making them, because the US government buys a lot of copper to make them. And we wouldn't need as many of them if we introduced a three-cent coin instead, plus it would be expensive to do that for everyone. The penny still exists solely because cronyism.
We should just abandon the penny and round prices to the nearest nickel. (This is never a problem with cryptocurrency which has fine-grained fractional capability.)
The penny carries the socialist slogan on its back "e pluribus unum" - 'out of many, one'. This is also a statement of power, they want to unify under their banner in order to rule you.
The libertarian slogan would be something entirely different, 'e uno plures' - 'from one world, many individuals'.
The penny carries the slogan "in God we trust" and "Liberty", but these are little more than propaganda. This world trusts not in God, but in the State, and the State doesn't have any respect for liberty, it continually destroys and infringes in liberty.
The front has Lincoln's profile, already a form of hagiography of this man whom I once loved, before looking deeper into his acts and legacy. As is so true of men considered great, a close look at them reveals their flaws. Lincoln did all kinds of horrible, unconstitutional things during the civil war, including throwing newspaper editors in jail for speaking against the war, he actually destroyed free speech.
Lincoln suspended the writ of habeus corpus, allowing indefinite detention of anyone they didn't like.
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/lincolns-suspension-of-habeas-corpus-is-challenged
The Penny furthers the Lincoln hagiography further with a picture of the Lincoln memorial on the back, a building made to ape Greek architecture, with a giant carving of Lincoln sitting on a damn throne.
Under it is a Lincoln museum of sorts, prominently featuring a quote by Lincoln where he said he didn't really care if he could free the slaves or not.
"If I could save the Union without freeing any slave I would do it, and if I could save it by freeing all the slaves I would do it; and if I could save it by freeing some and leaving others alone I would also do that."
I don't dislike Lincoln because he freed the slaves, not at all, that was one thing his actions led to that we all adore. But the way he did it had a serious cost: states had assumed they could secede from the union at will before, after Lincoln that assumption was gone and the precedent was set that the Federal government would go to war rather than let you leave. That's why we say he made citizen-slaves of all of us.
Yes, I hope the penny is allowed to finally die, because it's useless economically, and it's symbolism and slogans are outright offensive to libertarians, or are outright made a mockery of by their inclusion there. And yes, Lincoln's legacy is good and bad, not just good.
Let the penny go away, nothing of value is lost.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dCfDvDk72kE

Transcript

is a state secret these systems are
magic as far as I'm concerned they are
extraordinarily powerful and I just
don't think it makes sense in this era
for that information and those technical
capabilities to be widely known
throughout the world in an ideal world
there would be no reason for us to
protect this information but it isn't an
ideal world but secrecy won't stop
people from guessing this is Hollywood's
best attempt at portraying spy
satellites in action here CIA agents
watch a British raid on a terrorist camp
as it happens via real-time infrared
imagery we all rush to those movies to
see exactly what they're thinking
because it's always interesting to see
to see are they leading us or are we
leading them it suffice to say we are
moving information worldwide very
quickly that allows the u.s. to have a
very capable intelligence system that's
made of land-based sea based and
space-based sensors and if you take all
of these kinds of capabilities and put
them together it's something that I
think the citizens of the u.s. can be
quite proud of
is a cute
how real is it insiders say the pictures
look right and the timing here when we
are talking about Baku stick attack Bob
or sonic weapons what are we talking
about well Aaron that the Cubans and the
Russians have been doing this for years
attacking our embassies in Moscow in
Amman Jordan they used various
techniques microwave they'll bombard uh
a window with microwave and they can
pick up acoustics they've even done it
with radiation where you can read
documents by radiating a room they've
done it with laser microphones and what
that does is you shoot it at let's say a
Styrofoam cup on a desk and it will take
that audio and send it back across the
laser so it couldn't be any one of these
things the Russians have been
experimenting with this for years we've
been aware of it it's very very
difficult to prove and that's why we
probably haven't gone to the Cubans with
definitive proof but you know in a place
like Cabana it's not going to be the
Germans or somebody like that Bob
guarding our embassy it's either gonna
be the Cubans or the Russians possibly
working together all right so this next
story is so unbelievable we didn't think
it could possibly be true but after
receiving thousands of Records and
Declassified reports from the Army it's
confirmed that during the Cold War the
United States military conducted secret
tests on unsuspecting people in the city
of st. Louis
a local sociologist will make her
findings public tomorrow but she spoke
first to the i-team's Lisa Sigmund Lisa
Martino Taylor's life work has been to
uncover details of the Army's ultra
secret military experiments carried out
in st. Louis and other cities during the
1950s and 60s the study was secretive
for a reason and they didn't have
volunteers stepping up and saying yeah
I'll breathe zinc cadmium sulfide with
radioactive particles these army archive
pictures show how the tests were done in
Corpus Christi Texas in the 1960s
in Texas planes were used to drop the
chemical but in st. Louis the army place
chemical sprayers on buildings and
station wagons city officials were kept
in the dark about the tests the Cold War
cover story was that the army was
testing smoke screens to protect cities
from a Russian attack the truth
according to Martino Taylor was much
more sinister it's pretty shocking the
level of duplicity and secrecy clearly
they went to great lengths to deceive
people
[Music]
1100 meters your location is whiskey
Delta 272
but when it comes to what else these
satellites are doing the specifics as to
what it can detect are classified
unfortunately
you
this guy is controlling his friend like
a video game character this thing is so
cool and I so want to try it I would put
it on all my children and see if I could
get them to do chores
hey it's bedtime we went to meet Alan to
find out how we made a sci-fi superpower
into an awesome reality I made it out of
a remote-control toy car basically and
now I can remotely control people who
agree to wear this thing the reactions
were actually very fearful people didn't
like the idea of messing with someone's
brain so a lot of people were sort of
like kicked out by the whole thing they
thought it was kind of scary which i
think is really funny so how can you
take over someone else's mind
Alan is controlling his friends using
their vestibular system that's
responsible for balance small canals in
your inner ear move fluid around and as
that fluid sloshes back and forth it
excites hairs which send electrical
signals into the brain
Alan's helmet is able to override those
signals okay okay
do copper-plated electrodes are fitted
to the side of the helmet ready to shock
the wearer by hitting the left button on
the remote control the electrical
current is sent to the right side of the
helmet when this happens the brain tries
to compensate by leaning the body in the
opposite direction
Alan's helmet is able to trick the wear
into believing that ground is in a
different direction if all of a sudden
the ground shifts beneath you you walk
in the direction to try and stabilize
I'm being pulled I'm being pulled over
in that direction being able to push
left on a joystick on a controller and
then seeing the person in front of you
immediately start turning to the left
it's it's kind of a power trip
thanks Alan we'll let you get back to
abusing your power over your friends
[Laughter]
you
if these private people were were
holding a conversation and used key
words that is in the computer's
dictionary then that individual would
become a target yes all you have to do
is is key the computer and you are now
attacking those that carry out
communications between cities travel in
straight lines between antennas space
generally thirty to fifty kilometers
apart these two can be picked up towards
the end of the 1960's the Americans
realized that most of the energy from
these microwave links went past the
target station that went into space and
if you could put a listening satellite
in the right position in space you could
hear all of those communications between
the cities
[Music]
given the success of satellite
interceptions the Americans developed
other space vessels capable of targeting
on demand our mobile phones pagers
and computer data their code names are
trumpet mercury advanced mercury their
antennas unfold like vast umbrellas
reaching up to 100 meters in diameter
[Music]
each one costs 1 billion dollars America
is the only country in the world to
possess such electronic surveillance
capabilities even its partners have only
partial access to her name is Porter
Goss he's a congressman from Florida
how can one assume that somebody who
actually used to work in that type of
environment for the CIA is going to
exercise any proper oversight over what
any of the intelligence agencies are
doing including the NSA in Canada
there's no governmental oversight on the
communication security establishment at
all this has been one of the things I've
been asking for for a number of years
now I believe they should have proper
oversight and accountability to our own
government it's supposed to be a
Canadian agency this doesn't seem to be
in place as a matter of fact it isn't in
place the only knowledge I have of them
answering to anybody is simply the NSA
and strictly the NSA they're the only
ones I take their answers from I think
people are basically kind of
lackadaisical about it they're kind of
asleep it'll say I don't have anything
to hide why am I worried why should I be
worried about it well with that kind of
attitude you that person may wake up
some morning and find out it's too late
to do anything and what they thought was
the case I'm not doing anything wrong
may one day be illegal but then it's too
late to do anything about
from the White House in the office of
the President of the United States we
present an address by white day I see
horror this is the farewell address for
President Eisenhower who's eight years
as chief executive come to an end at
noon Friday mr. eyes Nara has chosen
this time for his final speech ladies
and gentlemen he put his stamp on every
one of them you see a lot of typewriting
but you see even more handwriting and
all of it as Eisenhower's eisenhower
knew it was going to be big because he
don't do 21 drafts on a speech for a
farewell address if you didn't want to
make a very great statement he needed to
get it right because this speech wasn't
just meant for Kennedy
it was meant for posterity
a vital element in keeping the peace is
our military establishment
[Music]
when Dwight David Eisenhower went before
the camera to deliver his farewell
address on January 17th 1961 it was his
last chance to speak to all of America
as president this evening I come to you
with a message of leave-taking and
farewell from beginning to end it was
just about 16 minutes but it expressed a
lifetime of experience we yet realized
that America's leadership and prestige
depend not merely upon our unmatched
material progress riches and military
strength but on how we use our power in
the interest of world peace and human
better after seeing JFK warned of a
missile gap Ike felt he had reason to
fear this young president might commit
our military to unworthy goals or
perhaps even the itching for a fight
disarmament with mutual honor
incompetence is a continuing imperative
one thing Eisenhower and Khrushchev had
agreed upon was no one could win a
nuclear war
and Eisenhower was desperate to move
America off any path that would end in
such destruction as one who knows that
another war could cut early destroy this
civilization I wish I could say tonight
that a lasting peace is in sight but so
much remains to be done then came the
moment in the speech that is most
remembered we must guard against the
acquisition of unwarranted influence
whether sought or unsought by the
military-industrial complex it was all
the more powerful coming from the
general who had run World War two I
could see in a new industry rising up
alongside America's powerful military
the suppliers of submarines missiles jet
fighters radars and so on had their own
interests until the latest of our world
conflicts the United States had no
armaments industry American makers of
plowshares could with time and as
required make swords as well we have
been compelled to create a permanent
armaments industry of vast proportions
this is a point many myths who used the
military-industrial complex as a
rallying cry against both sides of the
phrase I understood not only that we had
a large military and corporations to
supply it but that this arrangement was
necessary the problem whether there was
undue influence the
all proper balance with the phrase
military-industrial complex Ike was
saying something subtle and measured not
simply a slogan America had in the past
feared a large standing army becoming
its own power base but now the nation
had to reconcile itself to a new era
only an alert and knowledgeable
citizenry can compel the proper meshing
of the huge industrial and military
machinery of Defense with our peaceful
methods and goals so that security and
Liberty may prosper together further the
threat was not just the military and the
arms industry government and science
also presented a tricky relationship the
prospect of domination of the nation
scholars by federal employment projects
allocations and the power of money is
ever-present
and is greatly to be regarded we must
also be alert to the equal and opposite
danger that public policy could itself
become the captive of a scientific
technological elite so this complex
eisenhower referred to was actually more
complex than many thought sort of a
military industrial congressional
scientific complex
he didn't say congressional because he
was probably persuaded not to even
though he felt that I would say Congress
would not have appreciated that one bit
and yet that's where was in its day
Ike's farewell address did not receive
anywhere near the fanfare so you can
reassure people you're not looking for
some kind of conflict in Iran well I'm
the one that talks about these wars that
are nineteen years and people are just
there and don't kid yourself you do have
a military-industrial complex they do
like war you know in Syria with the
caliphate
so I wipe out a hundred percent of the
Caliphate that doesn't mean you're not
going to have these crazy people going
around blowing up stores and blowing up
things these are seriously ill people I
don't want to say oh there
you know Isis but I wiped out a hundred
percent of the Caliphate I said I want
to bring our troops back home the place
went crazy they want to keep them you
have people here in why she won't if
they never want to leave I say you know
what I'll do I'll leave a couple of
hundred soldiers behind but if it was up
to them they'd bring thousands of
soldiers in someday people will explain
it well this is if you do have you do
have a group and they call it the
military-industrial complex they never
want to leave they always want to fight
no I don't want to fight but you do have
situations like Iran you can't let them
have nuclear weapons you just can't let
that happen
so that's an example I think of what
people liked in 2016 where you didn't
come over I have a traditional
Republican oh but I haven't changed and
that that's what we talked about and
I'll show you the popular I gave the
generals I said go ahead you got one
year see what you can do in Afghanistan
so they fight fight fight but you know
we've taken it way down in Afghanistan I
don't know if you've seen that see if
we've taken it way down now it's a rough
place it's a bad place a lot of bad
things happen the World Trade Center
bombers were sort of tread that's like
the Harvard University of terrorism okay
if you want to be a terrorist you go
over there okay but no we I I have not
changed the topic today is an adversary
that poses a threat serious threat to
security of the United States of America
this adversary is one of the world's
last bastions of central planning
governs by dictating five-year plans a
single capital it attempts to impose its
command across time zones continents
ocean with brutal consistency it stifles
free thought
crushes new ideas disrupts the defense
of the United States and places the
lives of men and women in uniform at
risk on September 10th 2001 defense
secretary Donald Rumsfeld declared a new
war not a war on a shadowy terrorist
organization in
or even a war on terror itself but a war
on the Pentagon
the adversaries closer to home it's the
Pentagon bureaucracy perhaps it is no
surprise that Rumsfeld felt compelled to
declare a war on the Pentagon's
bureaucracy the issue of the Pentagon's
2.3 trillion dollar accounting nightmare
had been dogging him since his
confirmation hearings in January of 2001
although Rumsfeld was interested in
pushing forward a modernization of the
military that was projected to cost an
additional fifty billion dollars in
funding that agenda was politically
impossible in the face of the Department
of Defense's monumental budget problem
how can we seriously consider a 50
billion dollar increase in the defense
approach in the budget when DoD's own
auditors when DoD's own auditor say the
department cannot account for 2.3
trillion dollars in transactions in one
year alone now my question to you is mr.
secretary what do you plan to do about
this decline the nomination
[Laughter]
senator stand adjourned
[Laughter]
I've heard some of that and read some of
that that the department is not capable
of auditing its books it is I was gonna
say terrifying
instead of bolting from me just sort of
ambled off you know the reasonable pace
into the forest I started to follow him
away for so long I think I almost
started to cry after all that hard work
finally somebody you know permitting me
to to be with them my best estimate at
the time was more than a hundred and
forty chimps
which was far more than the largest
previously known community anywhere why
do they hunt when old ideas that they
hunt when they're hungry and there isn't
a lot of fruit around when does things
turn out is exactly the opposite the
monkey gets out on a small bench and
he's momentarily trying to decide what
to do another chimpanzee who comes from
an adjacent tree
jumps onto the other end of the bow runs
at the monkey from behind
I was standing maybe fifteen feet from
watching this great male chimpanzees
each took an arm or a leg and they
literally started drawing and quartering
this monkey here here's a leg it's yours
one morning I went out and found Aaron
Ellington not with anyone else it was
not uncommon that the two of them would
be together all day long the fact that
these killers can also be very peaceful
at very tranquil very cooperative I
think it just shows how complex these
animals are and really how similar they
are to humans bill and I were following
about eight or so of the meals grooming
in a path we're a way out the West
and we heard someone scream David Knight
you know can looked at one another and
like excitement I briefly was thinking
why were they so upset what's going on
and we arrived on the scene they
actually attacked one of their own
Bronte's in Pinter and most but not all
of the agogo chimpanzees were attacking
someone and I quickly realized they were
attacking Grappelli and that he was in
real trouble they beat him get him
following the attack which was brutal
rappelling to climb the tree there's no
way and another animal could survive
that
when I heard that hair was the one chimp
who had offered some comfort some
solicitation some support against the
attackers that didn't surprise me at all
he's obviously a very interesting chef
in so many different ways when the first
to tolerate us as humans have this
kinder gentler saw a tune which is quite
unusual for a male chimpanzee Ellington
died there's a conspicuous absence hair
was previously a very social chimp who
liked to hang around with these big
groups of male but hair would just show
up seemed to to look around look at the
other chimps as if he was looking for
Ellington but then not stay for very
long and go on his way
I was getting the impression that you
know hair was depressed didn't want to
hang out with other chimps and then he
was really for a while really searching
for his longtime friend
[Music]
yes dumped danced indeed with the end of
you over the course of ten years they
had killed so many members from that
neighboring community but they had
reduced the coalition your strength of
that neighboring group to accept what
our chimps could simply move in make
this big Landgraf and expand their
territory and a quite significant way

Please remember:

• You don't have to take any supplements or drugs to clear HPV infection. In the most cases healthy lifestyle, balanced diet and patience is enough to clear HPV infection.
  
• Sometimes the clinical evidence about specific supplement is weak (i.e. there are no further clinical studies).
  
• Always check possible side-effects and interactions with other medicines.
  
• No supplement can replace actual medical care from a physician.
  

This post was updated with informations about:

• Pleuran (Beta-glucan)
  
• Forskolin
  
• Turmeric oil
  
• Casein hydrolysate
  

-----------------------------------
Healthy diet

The first pattern, named “Western”, was characterized by high intakes of red and processed meats, dipping sauces and chips and snacks, with low intake of olive oil; the second one, named “prudent”, consisted of high intakes of legumes, vegetable soups, potatoes, cooked and raw vegetables (...) Among healthy women, greater adherence to a Western dietary pattern was associated with a higher risk of hrHPV infection. Similarly, a previous study showed that an unhealthy dietary pattern might put women at a higher risk of developing hrHPV-related cervical lesions (...) Previous studies have reported that women with lower intakes of vegetables and fruits as well as vitamins A, C, and E have a higher risk of high grade CIN and CC [9,12]. Accordingly, our study highlighted the protective role of the prudent dietary pattern, a Mediterranean-like diet pattern, which was negatively associated with the risk of CIN2+. Particularly, CIN2+ risk was lower among women with medium–high adherence, compared to those with low adherence to the prudent pattern.

https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/10/4/469/htm
Immunostimulants
Inosine Pranobex (Imunovir, Neosine, Groprinosin, Isoprinosine)

Inosine pranobex - an antiviral drug that is a combination of inosine and dimepranol acedoben (a salt of acetamidobenzoic acid and dimethylaminoisopropanol) in a ratio of 1 to 3. Inosine pranobex has no effect on viral particles itself. Instead, it acts as an immunostimulant, an analog of thymus hormones.

Inosine Pranobex in combined therapy against genital warts:
https://www.reddit.com/HPV/comments/87rk17/hpv_research_hpv_treatment_inosine_pranobex_vs/
Inosine Pranobex in combined therapy against Cervical Intraephithelial Neoplasia:
https://www.reddit.com/HPV/comments/b751r9/isoprinosine_in_treatment_of_cervical/
More informations about Inosine Pranobex:
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12325-019-00995-6
Medicinal mushrooms
There are many companies selling mushroom products without any active ingredients (but full of marketing slogans like "organic", "full spectrum") - therefore please check this subreddit for more informations about medicinal mushrooms extracts:

• https://www.reddit.com/MushroomSupplements/

AHCC

HR-HPV clearance was observed in vitro and confirmed in the animal studies as a durable response. Four of six (66.7%) patients had confirmed HR-HPV clearance after 3–6 months of AHCC 3g. Similarly, 4 of 9 (44%) patients had confirmed HR-HPV clearance after 7 months of AHCC 1g. Suppression of IFNβ <25 pg/mL was observed in those clearing the HR-HPV infection.

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2019.00173/full?&utm_source=Email_to_authors_&utm_medium=Email&utm_content=T1_11.5e1_author&utm_campaign=Email_publication&field=&journalName=Frontiers_in_Oncology&id=430112

Method: This is an ongoing National Institutes of Health-funded phase II study (NCT02405533), reviewed and approved by the University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston Institutional Review Board, to evaluate AHCC 3 grams in a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study. Patients will be randomized to first receive either arm A, AHCC 3,000 mg (taken as 6 500-mg capsules) by mouth once daily on an empty stomach for 6 months, or arm B, placebo (6 capsules) by mouth once daily on an empty stomach for 6–12 months. HR-HPV DNA status and the immune panel were monitored at each visit.
Results: A total of 50 patients have been enrolled in this phase II study. A total of 46 patients completed the study at time of analysis with the remaining planned to conclude in February 2019. Preliminary analysis confirmed a 60% clearance of HPV infections after 6 months of AHCC including 66.7% who have had confirmed eradication for more than 12 months. Two patients (11.8%) on placebo cleared HPV infection over the 12-month study duration. Data to date also confirmed use of AHCC supplementation modulates of the expression and signaling of IFNβ that is known to be elevated in chronic viral infections, such as HPV, to levels below 25 pg/mL. This was associated with a correlative increase in IFN-gamma and eradication of HPV infections.

https://www.gynecologiconcology-online.net/article/S0090-8258(19)30591-8/fulltext
### Note from 2022: three years passed and this study still isn't published. Why?
Immune Assist 24/7

Immune enhancement through the use of natural products is a potentially valuable therapeutic modality in HIV-infected people, especially those who are not good candidates for aggressive ARV therapy. One such immune enhancement, a medicinal mushroom product from the United States, is Immune Assist 24/7. In this study the effect of Immune Assist 24/7, which is a naturally derived immune-modulating and antiviral agent, on CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts was evaluated in 8 HIV-infected patients at the Sunyani Regional Hospital (Ghana). The subjects were administered three tablets of 800 mg Immune Assist 24/7 once daily (2.4 g/day) and peripheral blood samples were drawn at baseline, day 30, and day 60, and the CD4+ count measured. The study revealed that Immune Assist 24/7, used as a sole therapeutic agent without additional ARV drugs, significantly increased CD4+ T-lymphocyte populations in all of the patients. In one patient, the CD4+ T-lymphocyte count went from 4 at the baseline, to 170 cells in 60 days, representing an increase of more than 4000%. In another patient, the CD4+ count went from 88 to 470 cells within the same period. Even in the patients with the highest CD4+ counts of around 800, there was a significant elevation in the CD4+ count noted.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/22135886/
Ganoderma lucidum + Trametes versicolor (Reishi + Coriolus versicolor)

This preliminary randomized study investigated the efficacy of medicinal mushrooms, Trametes versicolor (TV), Ganoderma lucidum (GL), and Laetiporus sulphureus (LS), on the clearance of oral human papillomavirus (HPV, serotypes 16 and 18). Among 472 patients who underwent oral swabs for gingivitis, 61 patients were positive for HPV16 or HPV18. Twenty patients were included in group 1 (LS) and 41 patients were included in group 2 (TV+GL) for 2 months. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for HPV was performed at inclusion and after 2 months. In group 1, the clearance was equal to 5% after 2 months of treatment. In group 2, the clearance was equal to 88% (P<0.001). The detection of HPV16 or HPV18 could become relevant in routine since positivity is frequent and because a harmless and costless treatment may exist. The use of TV+GL for the clearance of oral HPV deserves further investigation.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25271984
### Note from 2022: unfortunately there was no real control group in this study and it was single blinded.
Pleuran (Beta-glucan)

Prolonged and exhausting physical activity causes numerous changes in immunity and sometimes transient increases the risk of upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs). Nutritional supplements as countermeasures to exercise-induced changes have increasingly been studied in the last decade. One of the most promising nutritional supplements is β-glucan, a well-known immunomodulator with positive effects on the function of immunocompetent cells. In this double blind, placebo-controlled study, we investigated the effect of pleuran, an insoluble β-(1,3/1,6) glucan from mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus, on selected cellular immune responses and incidence of URTI symptoms in athletes. Fifty athletes were randomized to pleuran or placebo group, taking pleuran (commercial name Imunoglukan®) or placebo supplements during 3 months. Venous whole blood was collected before and after 3 months of supplementation and additionally 3 months after supplementation period was completed. Incidence of URTI symptoms together with characterization of changes in phagocytosis and natural killer (NK) cell count was monitored during the study. We found that pleuran significantly reduced the incidence of URTI symptoms and increased the number of circulating NK cells. In addition, the phagocytosis process remained stable in pleuran group during the study in contrast to placebo group where significant reduction of phagocytosis was observed. These findings indicate that pleuran may serve as an effective nutritional supplement for athletes under heavy physical training. Additional research is needed to determine the mechanisms of pleuran function.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00421-011-1837-z
Dietary supplements
Casein hydrolysate : Hydrolyzed casein (brand name: HuPaVir)

Cervical cancer screening systems aim to detect established HPV infections early. However, if there are no high-grade lesions, the intervention choice is basically limited to observational follow-up with recommendations on life habits like diet, to favor infection control. Therefore, it is important to establish specific feeding guidelines that provide clear evidence about the benefit they may bring against HPV infections. The present study evaluates the benefits of nutritional supplementation with a casein hydrolysate-based formula in patients with HR-HPV infection, compared with a non-supplemented control group. A total of 118 patients completed 6 months of follow-up. Significant differences between supplemented and control groups were observed for total or partial HR-HPV clearance at 6 months (74.6% vs 35.6%). Supplemented patients also suffered a lower occurrence of new intracervical lesions (0% vs 28.6%), a significantly greater resolution (67.4% vs 41.9%) and less progression of pre-existing lesions (4.7% vs 9.7%) at 6 months. An increase in the effectors of cellular immunity that could be responsible for their effect was also observed in supplemented patients. We conclude that nutritional supplementation with this casein hydrolysate-based formula could improve the outcomes of observational management of HPV infection.

https://www.reddit.com/HPV/comments/e7tp4f/evaluation_of_oral_supplementation_with_a_casein/
### Note from 2022: this study was heavily criticized due to its errors.
Forskolin against Recurrent Respiratory Pappilomatosis?

The RRP cells were treated for 5 days with Panobinostat, Dinaciclib or Forskolin. In the 3D culture, the IC50 of Panobinostat, Dinaciclib or Forskolin were 0.030 uM, 0.010 uM and 1.920 uM respectively, as calculated from dose-response curves (Fig. 5B, Table .2). Thus, we found that Panobinostat, Dinaciclib, and Forskolin have a similar cytotoxicity for RRP Cells in 2D and 3D in vitro models.
In this study, we identified three drugs cytotoxic to RRP cells and all of them have IC 50s that are within the safe range of therapeutic use and covering different classes of drugs such as CDK inhibitors, HDAC inhibitors, and non cancer drugs such as Forskolin.
Unlike panobinostat and dinaciclib, forskolin is a natural product that has been isolated from the roots of the plant Coleus Forskohlii [42]. Forskolin exhibits a wide range of pharmacological properties such as anti-obesity, asthma, and glaucoma by the stimulation of adenylyl cyclase activity and increases intracellular levels of cyclic AMP [[43], [44], [45]]. It has also been reported forskolin has anti-cancer activity. Treatment of colon cancer line KM12C with the adenylyl cyclase activator Forskolin completely inhibits their growth at the concentration of 50uM [46,47]. In the present study, we demonstrated that forskolin was cytotoxic to RRP cells at concentrations as low as 1.67 uM.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405852118300478
WARNING: Forskolin should not be used with blood thinners or medication for low blood pressure.
Zinc sulfate in combined therapy against genital warts:

Recurrences in monotherapy groups: Podophyllin (21.9%), Cryotherapy (26.2%), Imiquimod (28.6%).
Relapse after 6 months was seen in only one patient (3.0%) among those receiving imiquimod and oral zinc sulfate. Relapse after 6 months was seen in five patients (13.5%) receiving podophyllin and oral zinc sulfate. In patients receiving cryotherapy and oral zinc sulfate, relapse was seen in one patient (2.5%) after 3 months and in three patients (7.5%) after 6 months.

https://www.reddit.com/HPV/comments/b8p0b5/zinc_sulfate_oral_genital_warts_removal_lowe
Ellagic acid + Annona Muricata

Sixty women affected by HR-HPV related L-SIL, were randomly divided into two groups: group A (n = 30) supplemented with EA (16 mg) + AM (100 mg) 2 times daily for 6 months and group B (n = 30) administered with placebo. HR-HPV clearance was obtained in 74% of cases in group A compared to 25% of cases in group B (p = 0.001) and p21 expression in LSIL thickness increased in 63.2% of cases in group A compared to 20% in group B (p = 0.03). AE/AM supplementation significantly induces HR-HPV elimination and stimulates p21 expression in LSIL thickness.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1756464617303225
WARNING: I personally tried Annona Muricata and it drastically lowers glucose level in blood. I think that AM should be avoided.
Turmeric oil

Cervical cancer is preventable because the carcinogenesis is slow and there are opportunities to detect precancerous lesions by Papanicolaou (Pap) smears, colposcopy, or HPV DNA tests and to treat them by antimicrobials, surgery or cold CO2 vapourization. We have earlier reported on the chemopreventive potential of integrated treatment with antimicrobials therapy followed by a standardized oral Turmeric Oil (TO) extract upto 12 weeks in women who had persistent Low-grade Squamous Intra-epithelial Lesion (LSIL) in their Pap smears. In this communication we report their post-therapy follow up for 36 months (N = 18) with Pap smears. We were also able to follow up for 36 months control cases (N = 10) who had only standard therapy with antimicrobials.
During 36 months of follow up none of the cases with integrated treatment, progressed to HSIL or cancer. Out of 15/18 cases which had a regression of Pap smear, all 15 remained free of LSIL from 6 to 36 months post-therapy showing persistent therapeutic effect of integrated therapy. In one case there was recurrence of LSIL in Pap smear, ten months post-therapy, which regressed to mild atypia after a second course of oral TO for 8 weeks.
In the control group, persistence of LSIL after antimicrobials was observed in Pap smears in 5/10 cases when followed up by Pap smears up to 36 months. This preliminary report indicates some post-therapeutic benefit with integrative treatment as compared to the use of antimicrobials alone. A large scale controlled study is warranted.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0975947616301486#bib15
Resveratrol, Pterostilbene

Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers in women living in developing countries. Due to a lack of affordable effective therapy, research into alternative anticancer compounds with low toxicity such as dietary polyphenols has continued. Our aim is to determine whether two structurally similar plant polyphenols, resveratrol and pterostilbene, exhibit anticancer and anti-HPV (Human papillomavirus) activity against cervical cancer cells. To determine anticancer activity, extensive in vitro analyses were performed. Anti-HPV activity, through measuring E6 protein levels, subsequent downstream p53 effects, and caspase-3 activation, were studied to understand a possible mechanism of action. Both polyphenols are effective agents in targeting cervical cancer cells, having low IC50 values in the µM range. They decrease clonogenic survival, reduce cell migration, arrest cells at the S-phase, and reduce the number of mitotic cells. These findings were significant, with pterostilbene often being more effective than resveratrol. Resveratrol and to a greater extent pterostilbene downregulates the HPV oncoprotein E6, induces caspase-3 activation, and upregulates p53 protein levels. Results point to a mechanism that may involve the downregulation of the HPV E6 oncoprotein, activation of apoptotic pathways, and re-establishment of functional p53 protein, with pterostilbene showing greater efficacy than resveratrol.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5852819/
Vitamin D

A large number of studies have displayed the crucial role vitamin D and its receptor have in gynecological cancers. Preclinical, as well as epidemiological evidence, supports vitamin D’s risk-reducing influence in gynecologic carcinomas (Figure 1). It is a widely shared opinion that vitamin D supplementation decreases the risk of developing cancer [85,86]. However, further randomized trials, need to ascertain this effect in gynecological cancers, taking into account the different serum levels of vitamin D. It would be worth considering whether vitamin D has an anti-oncogenic effect in all histopathological subtypes of the addressed cancers.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5713297/
Echinacea extract in combined therapy (laser) against genital warts:
https://www.reddit.com/HPV/comments/bdusi8/effect_of_immunomodulatory_supplements_based_on/
The full studies are usually available via https://www.sci-hub.tw

Hi Reddit readers, In this review i take a look at the Drag Baby Trio Kit from Voopoo. The Drag Baby Trio Kit was sent for the purpose of this review by Thea from Voopoo.
https://www.voopoo.com/drag-baby/
https://preview.redd.it/e6lxj6fjs8131.jpg?width=692&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=a62e66523da3a41efd167bab41f63c72e9fb4c7c
Introduction
Voopoo have been prolific of late releasing loads of products, high powered devices, vape pens, pod systems and here we have an AIO device the Drag Baby Trio. The Drag Baby Trio is a tiny simple AIO mod device rather than a vape pen and offers both a true MTL vape or restrictive DL vape depending on the coil used. Powered by the Proprietary Gene Trio Chip is said to output power intelligently but i'm somewhat sceptical but that doesn't take away the fact this is a neat little bit of kit well worth a look!
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In The Box
https://preview.redd.it/1cmdyivks8131.jpg?width=490&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=4f69bcd5f64310dddfb2b19c00e7b5bc736ac927
Contents:
1.8ml Standard Edition
1 x DRAG Baby Kit 1 x PnP-M2(0.6ohm) 1 x PnP-C1(1.2ohm) 1 x Glass Tube(1.8ml) 1 x USB Cable 1 x GENE Chip Card 1 x Warranty Card 1 x User Manual
1.8ml TPD Edition
1 x DRAG Baby Kit 1 x PnP-R1(0.8ohm) 1 x PnP-C1(1.2ohm) 1 x Glass Tube(1.8ml) 1 x USB Cable 1 x GENE Chip Card 1 x User Manual 1 x Warranty Card
1.8ml Fans Edition
1 x DRAG Baby Kit 1 x PnP-R1(0.8ohm) 1 x PnP-C1(1.2ohm) 1 x Glass Tube(1.8ml) 1 x Chain Necklace 1 x USB Cable 1 x GENE Chip Card 1 x User Manual 1 x Warranty Card
https://preview.redd.it/rj83o6gms8131.jpg?width=475&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=1077b730a8fb5a46ebcb8c06f00bd946f741976b
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Aesthetics and Ergonomics
The Drag Baby Trio Kit came in standard cardboard packaging and i received the standard edition Fans version which includes a necklace so the device can be worn around the neck. The device is Zinc Alloy construction with the signature Resin front panel and "DRAG" in large lettering on the reverse. Rather than Resin panel and "DRAG" reverse covering the entire surface making it a Drag lookalike the Baby Trio has side accents in Silver. The Colour option of the device refers to the Resin panel and i received the Ceylon Yellow version but with each Resin panel being unique mine has very little Yellow on it. The colour options are Teal Blue, Aurora, Fiesta, Rhodonite, Ceylon Yellow, Ultra Violet and Ink. The device is tiny just getting swallowed up in the hand making it very ergonomic and pocket friendly. The base section of the tank is also part of the device and moving to the base we have some venting holes. The spine has "VOOPOO" printed on the vertical and the face has a round fire button with protruding outer ring at the top and micro USB port at the bottom, just above the USB port is a little LED indicator. The central chassis of the device is a sought of Gunmetal colour and at the top of the side where we have the Resin there is a protruding rail to fit either a necklace or lanyard. I just can't fault the build quality or aesthetic look of the device, very impressed!
https://preview.redd.it/lp0rbhfos8131.jpg?width=490&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=f64f65e9bbc4720f539c3bc7efa627e4c212169a
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Drag Baby Trio Specs and Features:
DRAG Baby Trio MOD
Dimensions: 58.5 x 35 x 21.5mm Battery: Built-in 1500mAh Power Range: 5-25W Resistance range: 0.5-3.0ohm Charge Voltage: 5V/1A 7 Optional Resin Colours Gene Trio chipset with speedy power output Tricolour LED indicator light Quickly Charged in 1.5 hours Colours: Teal Blue, Aurora, Fiesta, Rhodonite, Ceylon Yellow, Ultra Violet, Ink
Tank
Dimensions: 18.5 x 43mm Capacity: 1.8ml Coil: PnP-M2(0.6ohm)/ PnP-C1(1.2ohm)/ PnP-R1(0.8ohm) Unique dual-hole airflow system Patented top fill structure Creative PnP Coils Optimized for DL and MTL Vaping Colour: Silver
https://preview.redd.it/lefdk27us8131.jpg?width=566&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=86f76ae65de4b6ef31efe4b896ee2291fd2f04c2
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The Tank Section
The base section of the tank is built into the top of the device making it an AIO and both the device and tank can't be used independently. I have a few AIO devices that are vape pens where like on this device the base of the tank section is built into the top of the battery tube but on them the airflow is also on the battery section. The Drag Baby Trio has middle airflow like the Maat tank by simply having the airflow on the bottom of the tank section rather than the base so not really middle airflow but just higher than the standard which does make it more leak resistant, the airflow is dual small cyclops and the air gets directed down once entering the tank to then enter underneath your coil in the usual manner with the tightness of draw being very much determined by the bore of the coil head. The delrin drip tip is proprietary fixed to the top-cap and MTL in style with a wider bore than you would expect for a MTL vape while being much narrower than you would use for DL vaping and my initial thoughts were this is going to be a jack of all trades but master of none. The tank section is 18.5mm in diameter and with having a straight glass section is just 1.8ml capacity, you receive a spare. The top-cap unscrews from the tank via central threading which reveals two circular ports with silicone pieces inserted with a small hole in the bottom, you need to push your nozzle into one of the ports to fill and air will be able to escape from the other, best results are with smaller nozzles and i think a bottle like the one pictured should of been included. The tank has housing for the coil just to be press fitted into place and the the tank gets screwed onto the base on top of the device.
https://preview.redd.it/p0yaqgsvs8131.jpg?width=490&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=e46c9660ade278920ec0e5c09fd555d2467b5b40
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https://preview.redd.it/2vne1nqws8131.jpg?width=490&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=ec7e734838a0cb25370aa0e07abf3057bf7a0e1d
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https://preview.redd.it/mj4xaqq0t8131.jpg?width=490&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=835b8791dc367d82d2c89019fcb102162a0719e0
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The Coils
The Drag Baby Trio gives both a MTL and restrictive DL option dependant on which coil you use and there are 3 coils available. I received the standard version which comes with the PnP-C1(1.2ohm) Ceramic MTL coil head and the PnP-M2(0.6ohm) mesh DL coil head. The TPD version excludes the DL coil head in favour of the PnP-R1(0.8ohm) regular MTL coil head that although strictly MTL vapers will be happy with this it baffles me a bit why you would exclude the DL coil when the purpose of the kit is suppose to offer both styles of vaping.
https://preview.redd.it/bgrh9043t8131.png?width=752&format=png&auto=webp&s=14e0cee4058a6912a4db59bc141a2ad2d4507588
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Using The Drag Baby Trio
The Drag Baby Trio is a simple device which to me (see later section of review) seems to be just a direct output device with the wattage output being dependant on the voltage outputted and resistance of the coil. The device is the usual 5 clicks to turn on and 5 clicks to turn off and both actions are confirmed by 5 white flashes of the LED indicator positioned above the micro USB port. Just press the fire button and vape and the Gene Trio chip takes care of the rest intelligently giving the correct power dependant for the resistance of the coil (isn't that just Direct Output which is why i'm trying to avoid using "smartly"). The device while in use gives battery status indication which is shown by what colour the LED lights when the fire button is pressed.
>60% battery-Green 20-60% battery-Blue <20% battery-Red
The Drag Baby Trio of course has all the usual safety protections that are indicated by various flashes of the LED if they kick in.
https://preview.redd.it/zzgs1mp5t8131.jpg?width=490&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=a18ee1c67c672a33bf48f09fa6c809e7b7365c32
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https://preview.redd.it/msnjojs8t8131.jpg?width=729&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=ef982e123dd56fd870ed648b61fff42f345811f5
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Protections
Overtime Protection Short Circuit Protection Overcharge Protection Low Battery Protection Output Over Current Protection
https://preview.redd.it/7lvnullat8131.jpg?width=697&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=45850785ad5650eba2442c1a924f71c761b80095
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My Experience Using The Drag Baby Trio
My review of the Drag Nano Pod Kit was very mixed so i wasn't expecting a lot from the Baby Trio other than it's aesthetically pleasing look and pocket friendly appeal but i am seriously impressed with the Baby Trio. Yes i am sceptical about just how smartly the device outputs power as especially with the 0.6ohm coil head as the battery weakened the power output did drop (not so noticeable with the 1.2ohm coil) so behaved as a direct output device in that regard and nothing "smart". Coco pops, a popular cereal in the UK (not sure of it's availability elsewhere) caused the manufacturer a big problem as whatever they tried they couldn't stop the chocolate coating coming off and turning the milk brown so turned a negative into a positive by coming up with the slogan "Coco Pops are so chocolatey, they even turn the milk brown". A con that is often given is that a device is direct output but doesn't "intelligently control the power output" sound so much better! It also says it has intelligent cold boot mode (that would just be how quick the chip fires then), all marketing put aside the Baby Trio really does perform fantastically firing instantly and giving a cracking vape throughout even with the drop off i experienced with the 0.6ohm coil. Both coils gave very good flavour with the MTL being slightly better in this regard but i preferred the restrictive DL vape the 0.6ohm coil gave. Looking at the airflow and drip tip before using i really thought it would just give an adequate vape in both styles and no more but the MTL coil gave a genuine MTL vape, not super tight but similar to a cigarette pull which would suit most new vapers. The DL coil really surprised me just how good of a DL vape it gave, it is restricted but nowhere near as restrictive as i expected giving the kind of vape i like, the airflow with both coils is very smooth. No idea how they managed to get a 1500mAh battery in the tiny device but with the MTL 1.2ohm coil battery life lasted all day, those that get the TPD version should also get good life using the 0.8ohm coil. The battery life i got using the 0.6ohm coil was fair and considering the size of the device lasted well but a vaper who vapes moderately will struggle to get a full day using this one and as i vape a lot i only got half a day before the battery needed charging. The device only takes 1.5 hours to charge and supports pass-through so happy days! The capacity of the tank was fair when using the MTL coil although with the smaller wicking holes i stuck to 50/50 nic salts and left the full tank standing a good 10 minutes before vaping. I used high VG (20/80) with the 0.6ohm coil again leaving to stand before vaping and it kept up perfectly well with having much bigger wicking holes. i did find the tank needed filling quite often with this coil in use but if you use a bottle like the one pictured in the review it was a mess free experience when filling.
https://preview.redd.it/z8opr5gct8131.jpg?width=490&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=709f88e3abd72efbcf641bb3f1e4bd95b9009edf
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Likes
Very well made Aesthetically pleasing Tiny AIO Kit Pocket friendly Simple to use Battery status indication 1500mAh battery MTL and DL coil (standard version) Both MTL and DL was very good experience Fires instantly Very good flavour (both coils) Coils still giving cracking flavour after fair use Smooth airflow Press fitted coils Airflow on bottom of tank section rather than base Leak resistant (don't confuse with leakproof) Good battery life with 1.2ohm coil Fair battery life (especially considering size of device) 0.6ohm coil Spare glass Charged in 1.5 hours Supports pass through
Cons
Fixed drip-tip (can't use your own) Capacity not great for 0.6ohm coil Using 0.6ohm coil will need charging during the day (unless you are a light vaper) Drop off as battery runs low with 0.6ohm coil Not all nozzles will be suitable for filling A suitable filling bottle in my opinion should of been supplied TPD version doesn't come with DL coil Marketing i found slightly misleading (but common with vaping)
I would once again like to thank Thea for supplying the Drag Baby Trio Kit for the purpose of this review.
https://www.voopoo.com/drag-baby/
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