QTS 5.1.0.2348 build 20230325 Public Beta

[Applicable Models]

• HS-251+,S2
• QMiroPlus-201W
• Mustang-F100,Mustang-V100,Mustang-200-i7-1T-32G-R10,Mustang-200-i5-1T-32G-R10,Mustang-200-C-8G-R10,Mustang-200
• QBoat Sunny
• QGD-1600P
• QGD-1602P
• QGD-3014-16PT
• TS-453S Pro,TS-853S Pro
• TS-531P
• TS-216,TS-416
• TS-128A,TS-228A,TS-212P3,TS-130,D1 Rev-B
• TS-231P3,TS-431P3
• TS-231P2,TS-431P2
• TS-831X,TS-531X,TS-431X,TS-431X2,TS-431X3,TS-431KX
• TS-431XU,TS-831XU,TS-1231XU,TS-431XU-RP,TS-831XU-RP,TS-1231XU-RP,TS-431XeU
• TS-932X,TS-832X,TS-332X,TS-532X,TS-932PX,TS-832PX
• TS-432XU-RP,TS-432XU,TS-832XU-RP,TS-832XU,TS-1232XU-RP,TS-1232XU,TS-432PXU,TS-432PXU-RP,TS-832PXU,TS-832PXU-RP,TS-1232PXU,TS-1232PXU-RP
• TS-133,TS-233,TS-433, D4 Rev-C
• TS-1635
• TS-1635AX
• TS-435XeU
• TS-231+,TS-431+,TS-131P,TS-231P,TS-431P,TS-131K,TS-231K,TS-431K,D2,D4,D4 Rev-B
• TS-251,TS-451,TS-651,TS-851,TS-451S,TS-251+,TS-451+,TS-351,D2 Pro Rev-B,D4 Pro Rev-B
• TS-251A,TS-451A,D2 Pro,D4 Pro
• TS-251B
• TS-451DeU,TS-453DU,TS-453DU-RP,TS-853DU-RP,TS-1253DU-RP
• TS-451U
• TS-253 Pro,TS-453 Pro,TS-653 Pro,TS-853 Pro,TS-453mini,IS-453S
• TS-453Bmini,TS-253B,TS-453B,TS-653B,TS-253Be,TS-453Be,TS-453BT3
• TS-853BU,TS-853BU-RP,TS-1253BU,TS-1253BU-RP,TS-453BU,TS-453BU-RP
• HS-453DX,TBS-453DX,TS-251D,TS-253D,TS-653D,TS-453D,TS-451D,TS-453Dmini,TS-451D2
• TBS-453A,TS-253A,TS-453A,TS-653A,TS-853A,D6 Pro,D8 Pro
• TS-453U,TS-853U,TS-1253U,TS-453U-RP,TS-853U-RP,TS-1253U-RP,R4
• TVS-463,TVS-663,TVS-863,TVS-863+,TS-563,TS-963X,TS-963N
• TS-463U,TS-463U-RP,TS-863U,TS-863U-RP,TS-1263U,TS-1263U-RP,TS-463XU,TS-463XU-RP,TS-863XU,TS-863XU-RP,TS-1263XU,TS-1263XU-RP
• TS-564,HS-264,TBS-464,TS-262C,TS-462C,TS-264C,TS-464C,TS-364,TS-464,TS-664,TS-262,TS-462,TS-264
• TS-464U,TS-464U-RP,TS-1264U-RP,TS-464eU,TS-864eU,TS-864eU-RP
• TVS-471,TVS-671,TVS-871,TVS-871T
• TVS-871U-RP,TVS-1271U-RP,TVS-471U-RP,TVS-471U,R8
• TVS-672N,TVS-872N,TVS-872X,TVS-672X,TVS-472X,TVS-472XT,TVS-672XT,TVS-872XT
• TVS-872XU,TVS-872XU-RP,TVS-1272XU-RP,TVS-1672XU-RP,TVS-2472XU-RP,TVS-972XU,TVS-972XU-RP
• TVS-473,TVS-673,TVS-873,TVS-473e,TVS-673e,TVS-873e
• TS-h973AX,TS-473A,TS-673A,TS-873A
• TS-873AU,TS-873AU-RP,TS-1273AU-RP,TS-1673AU-RP,TS-873AeU,TS-873AeU-RP
• TS-873U,TS-1273U,TS-1673U,TS-873U-RP,TS-1273U-RP,TS-1673U-RP
• TVS-675
• TVS-h875U,TVS-h875U-RP,TVS-h1275U-RP,TVS-h1675U-RP
• TS-1277,TS-877,TS-677,TS-1677X
• TS-877XU,TS-877XU-RP,TS-1277XU-RP,TS-1677XU-RP,TS-2477XU-RP,TS-977XU-RP,TS-977XU,TS-h1277XU-RP,TS-h977XU-RP,TS-h1677XU-RP,TS-h2477XU-RP
• TS-EC880 Pro,TS-EC1080 Pro,TVS-EC880,TVS-EC1080,TVS-EC1080+
• TS-EC880U,TS-EC1280U,TS-EC1680U,TS-EC2480U R2,TVS-EC1280U-SAS-RP R2,TVS-EC1580MU-SAS-RP R2,TVS-EC1680U-SAS-RP R2,TVS-EC2480U-SAS-RP R2,TS-EC2480U,TS-EC880U R2,TS-EC1280U R2,TS-EC1680U R2,TVS-EC1280U-SAS-RP,TVS-EC1580MU-SAS-RP,TVS-EC1680U-SAS-RP,TVS-EC2480U-SAS-RP,R12,R16,R24
• TVS-682,TVS-882,TVS-1282,TVS-882BR,TVS-882T,TVS-1282T,TVS-682T,TVS-1282T3,TVS-882BRT3
• TVS-1582TU
• TS-883XU,TS-883XU-RP,TS-1283XU-RP,TS-1683XU-RP,TS-983XU,TS-983XU-RP,TS-2483XU-RP,TS-h1283XU-RP,TS-h2483XU-RP,TS-h1683XU-RP
• TS-1685,TS-h886,TS-h686
• TES-3085U,TES-1885U,TS-1886XU-RP,TS-h1886XU-RP,TS-h1886XU-RP R2
• TS-2888X,TVS-h1688X,TVS-h1288X
• TS-h3088XU-RP
• TDS-16489U
• TS-h2490FU,TS-h1090FU
• TS-328,TS-428,TS-230,D2 Rev-B
• TS-551
• TS-473,TS-673,TS-873
• TVS-951X,TVS-951N
• GM-1000,TNS-h1083X,TNS-h1083X (A Side),TNS-h1083X (B Side)
• TS-i410X, TS-410E
• TS-253E,TS-453E
• TS-h1290FX
• TVS-882ST,TVS-882ST3
• TS-h987XU-RP,TS-h1887XU-RP,TS-h2287XU-RP,TS-h3087XU-RP
• TVS-h474,TVS-h674,TVS-h874, TVS-h874X
• TS-1655
• TDS-h2489FU
• TS-855eU, TS-855eU-RP

[Important Notes]

• In QTS 5.0.1 or earlier, users can no longer create new VJBOD disks from a remote NAS if the remote NAS is running QTS 5.1.0 or later. If there are existing VJBOD disks connections to the remote NAS before it is updated to QTS 5.1.0 or later, these VJBOD disks are unaffected and remain operational after the update. In QTS 5.1.0 or later, users can still create VJBOD disks from a remote NAS running QTS 5.0.1 or earlier.
• Removed support for CO Video.

[New Features]

Control Panel

• Administrators can now delegate roles to non-administrators in Control Panel > Privilege > Delegated Administration. This feature allows non-administrators to perform routine tasks and manage system resources, thus greatly enhancing productivity and flexibility.
• Added support for Hailo-8 AI accelerator devices. Users can also configure Hailo-8 usage priorities for apps using Hailo-8 devices.
• Added the client umask feature to assigns default permissions for existing and new files and folders.
• Added the Qfinder discovery service that allows the Qfinder Pro utility to discover your QNAP device.

Desktop

• You can now log out of your account on all devices, browsers, and applications at once. To use this feature, go to the desktop, click your username on the taskbar, and then go to Login and Security > Password.
• Added an icon on the top-right corner of the desktop to indicate whether the device has enabled myQNAPcloud and been associated with a QNAP ID or whether the device has joined AMIZ Cloud.

File Station

• Enhanced the search function and search result interface. Users can now search file content with Qsirch.
• Added support for the Recent Files function. Users can now quickly browse recently uploaded/accessed/deleted files.

Help Center

• Redesigned the user interface of Help Center for a better user experience.

Initialization

• You can now purchase licenses during QuTScloud installation.

iSCSI & Fibre Channel

• Added support for enabling async IO for block-based LUNs, which can improve the performance of a LUN over an iSCSI connection particularly when the LUN contains dual-actuator HDDs. To find this setting, go to iSCSI & Fibre Channel > iSCSI Storage, select a block-based LUN, and click Action > Modify.
• Added a new settings page for managing default iSCSI CHAP authentication settings, which you can use for multiple iSCSI targets. You can find these settings in iSCSI & Fibre Channel > Global Settings > Default iSCSI CHAP. When creating or editing a target, you can choose to use the default CHAP settings or configure unique settings for the target.

myQNAPcloud

• You can now add the NAS to an organization when setting up myQNAPcloud. This allows organization administrators to centrally manage and monitor various system resources on NAS devices via AMIZ Cloud. (AMIZ Cloud Agent must be enabled in myQNAPcloud.)

Network & Virtual Switch

• Network & Virtual Switch can now record event logs when the system identifies conflicting IP addresses between the local device and another device on the same network.
• When selecting the system default gateway automatically, you can now configure the checking target by specifying the domain name or IP address.
• Users can now configure the MAC address when creating or modifying a virtual switch.

NFS

• Users can now set the rcpbind to assign fixed ports to RPC services. Make sure that you configure the firewall rules accordingly to allow connections only on the fixed ports.

SAMBA

• Microsoft networking now supports SMB multichannel settings, which allows file servers to use multiple network connections simultaneously.

Storage & Snapshots

• Added a new window that automatically appears when you insert new disks and helps you decide what to do with them. You can also access this window any time by going to Storage & Snapshots > Storage > Disks/VJBOD > Disks > More > Manage Free Disks.
• Added support for enabling Native Command Queuing (NCQ), which improves the read and write performance of SATA disks.
• Added support for disk failure prediction from ULINK's DA Drive Analyzer. Registered users of DA Drive Analyzer can now also monitor disk failure prediction statuses in Storage & Snapshots > Storage > Disks/VJBOD > Disks.
• Added support for Western Digital Device Analytics (WDDA) for Western Digital (WD) disks. To view WDDA information, go to Storage & Snapshots > Storage > Disks/VJBOD > Disks, select a WD disk, and click Health > View Details.

System

• QTS now supports Passwordless Login, which replaces your password with a more secure verification method. QTS now also supports more verification methods for 2-Step Verification. To configure these settings, go to the desktop, click your username on the taskbar, and then select Login and Security.
• You can now scan the QR code of your NAS with a QNAP mobile app to easily add this NAS to your mobile app. This QR code contains essential network information for remote connection. To get this QR code, go to Desktop > More > Device QR Code.

[Enhancement]

App Center

• Users can now configure a schedule for automatic installations of app updates.

Control Panel

• You can now specify a custom unique identifier (UID) for a new user and edit the UID of an existing user. Note: Arbitrarily changing UIDs may cause access issues for a user.
• The time interval for observing successive failed login attempts can now be configured to be between 0 and 600 minutes. Moreover, a time interval of 0 minutes means that failed login attempts are never reset.
• Changed the behavior and the description of certain permission settings as we do not recommend using the default administrator account 'admin'.
• You can now include more information from account profiles when importing and exporting user accounts.
• Added additional specification information for memory slots in Control Panel > System Status > Hardware Information.
• You can now select the direction to append the custom header for the reverse proxy rule.
• Optimized the process of restoring the LDAP database.
• The automatic firmware update settings have been streamlined with the following changes:
  • The selectable options for automatic firmware updates have been greatly simplified. Users now select one of three firmware types to automatically update their system with: quality updates, critical updates, or latest updates.
  • "Security updates" are now "critical updates". Critical updates include security fixes as well as critical system issue fixes.
  • "Quality updates" now include security fixes and critical issue fixes in addition to bug fixes.
  • "Feature updates" are now "latest updates" and include quality and critical updates in addition to new features, enhancements, and bug fixes.
  • Update notifications no longer need to be enabled separately for each firmware type. Notifications are now either enabled or disabled for all firmware types.

File Station

• Added prompt banners to remind users to turn on related browsing functions for multimedia files.
• Improved File Station performance and enhanced file browsing experience.
• Enhanced the Background Tasks display UI.

iSCSI & Fibre Channel

• When creating an iSCSI target, you can now select the network interfaces that an iSCSI target will use for data transmission. Previously, users could only do so after the target was created.

NFS

• NFS service now supports both NFSv4 and NFSv4.1 protocols.

PHP System Module

• Updated the built-in PHP version to 8.2.0.

Resource Monitor

• Resource Monitor now displays the space used by files created from Qsync file versioning.

SAMBA

• The SMB protocol now supports the AES GMAC 128-bit key encryption.
• You can now aggregate up to 50 shared folders on a Windows network.
• Updated Samba to version 4.15.
• The kernel-mode SMB daemon is now enabled by default.

Storage & Snapshots

• Expanded and improved the 'Activate Predictive S.M.A.R.T. Migration' feature and renamed it 'Predictive Migration'. Previously, this feature automatically migrated data from a faulty disk to a spare disk when S.M.A.R.T. errors were detected on the faulty disk. Now, users can specify various trigger events from sources other than S.M.A.R.T., including Western Digital Device Analytics, IronWolf Health Management, DA Drive Analyzer, and SSD estimated life remaining. You can configure this feature in Storage & Snapshots > Global Settings > Disk / Device.
• When adding a remote disk, more information is now provided on each LUN in the LUN list to help users identify which one to select.
• After rebuilding a RAID group with a spare disk, the failed disk's slot becomes reserved for a spare disk. To free up this slot for other purposes, go to Storage & Snapshots > Storage > Disks/VJBOD > Disks, select the disk slot, and click Action > Free Up Spare Disk Slot.
• You can now select and configure multiple spare disks when creating a storage pool.
• Redesigned the presentation of disk information into tabular format for enhanced user experience, now viewable in Storage & Snapshots > Storage > Disks/VJBOD > Disks.
• Users can now see disk error logs in QuLog Center.
• Redesigned the presentation of NAS and enclosure information into tabular format for enhanced user experience, now viewable in Storage & Snapshots > Storage > Disks/VJBOD > NAS & Enclosure.
• Qtier now supports more flexible tier configurations with NVMe and SATA SSDs.
• In Storage & Snapshots > Storage > Disks/VJBOD > Disks, information on each disk's slot number, form factor, interface, and disk type are now presented together and enhanced with colored tags so that users can more easily identify each unique disk and disk slot.
• Updated the UI design of various snapshot-related screens to improve user experience in finding relevant information and functions.
• Added support for 2-step verification when connecting to a remote NAS in the Create Virtual JBOD Disk Wizard.
• Renamed the function 'Replace & Detach' to 'Replace' and added the option for users to choose whether to designate the replaced disk as a spare disk or to detach it from the system.
• After creating a SED secure static volume or SED secure storage pool, the encryption key file is now automatically downloaded to help users unlock the volume or pool in case they forget the encryption password.
• Improved SED-related UI strings for clarity.
• Users can now change the destination of an existing Snapshot Replica job.

System

• You now need to enter a verification code when resetting your password if you forgot your password. This extra step helps enhance your account security.

[Known Issues]

• QTS with newer kernel versions do not support ATTO Fibre Channel adapters. If you have already installed an ATTO Fibre Channel adapter on your device, we do not recommend updating the firmware to QTS 5.0.1 for the time being.
• Thunderbolt connection between the NAS and Mac sometimes cannot automatically resume after users restart the NAS.
• An iSCSI LUN shared by multiple VMware ESXi servers may suddenly disconnect after the LUN snapshot schedule starts, causing the datastores to become temporarily unavailable and the virtual machines to become temporarily unresponsive before the LUN is automatically connected again.
• After upgrading a Mac computer with an M1 or M2 CPU to macOS 12.6.1, users can no longer connect QNAP NAS devices to the Mac computer via Thunderbolt.
• After adding a NAS to AMIZ Cloud, users are unable to find or access the NAS on their QNAP mobile app when they sign in with their QNAP ID through myQNAPcloud.

[Other Changes]

Control Panel

• Moved DLNA Media Server settings from Control Panel to Multimedia Streaming Add-on, which can be installed in the App Center.
• The 'Network Recycle Bin' feature has been renamed to 'Recycle Bin' in Network & File Services.

I do not feel that Windows Vista SP1 gets a lot of attention or credit for the changes and features it introduced. Windows XP SP2 was an unusual Service Pack that to this day receives a lot of respect for its scope, but I do not think people realize just how large this Windows Vista SP1 was!
I argue that Windows Vista SP1 is even more significant than Windows XP SP2 — not only because of changes to address bugs or performance issues that may have plagued Windows Vista RTM (or because of its new features) — but chiefly because of its effects on the foundation of Windows as a platform with its introduction of several new fundamental features.
Parts of this hyperlink from Microsoft, Notable Changes in Windows Vista Service Pack 1 are listed below. I have bolded some of the entries that I feel are among the most major changes. Not discussed here in my topic is alignment with Windows Server 2008. I love the then-emphasis on Network Projection, P2P, and Windows Media Center.
Hardware Ecosystem Support and Enhancements:

• Adds support for new UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) industry standard PC firmware for 64-bit systems with functional parity with legacy BIOS firmware, which allows Windows Vista SP1 to install to GPT format disks, boot and resume from hibernate using UEFI firmware.
• Adds support for x64 EFI network boot.
• Adds support for the 64-bit version of MSDASQL, which acts as a “bridge” from OLEDB to a variety of ODBC drivers thus simplifying application migration from 32-bit platforms to 64-bit Windows Vista.
• Adds support for Direct3D® 10.1, an update to Direct3D 10 that extends the API to support new hardware features, enabling 3D application and game developers to make more complete and efficient use of the upcoming generations of graphics hardware.
• Adds support for exFAT, a new file system supporting larger overall capacity and larger files, which will be used in Flash memory storage and consumer devices.
• Adds support for SD Advanced DMA (ADMA) on compliant SD standard host controllers. This new transfer mechanism, which is expected to be supported in SD controllers soon, will improve transfer performance and decrease CPU utilization.
• Adds support for creating a single DVD media that boots on PCs with either BIOS or EFI.
• Adds support to enable new types of Windows Media Center Extenders, such as digital televisions and networked DVD players, to connect to Windows Media Center PCs.
• Enhances the MPEG-2 decoder to support content protection across a user accessible bus on Media Center systems configured with Digital Cable Tuner hardware. This also effectively enables higher levels of hardware decoder acceleration for commercial DVD playback on some hardware.
• Enhances Netproj.exe to temporarily resize the desktop to accommodate custom projector resolutions when connecting to Windows Network Projectors.

Reliability Improvements:

• SP1 addresses issues many of the most common causes of crashes and hangs in Windows Vista, as reported by Windows Error Reporting. These include issues relating to Windows Calendar, Windows Media Player, and a number of drivers included with Windows Vista.
• Improves Windows Vista’s built-in file backup solution to include EFS encrypted files in the backup.
• Improves the success of peer-to-peer connections, such as Windows Meeting Space or Remote Assistance applications, when both PCs are behind symmetric firewalls.
• An improved SRT (Startup Repair Tool), which is part of the Windows Recovery environment (WinRE), can now fix PCs unbootable due to certain missing OS files.

Performance and Power Consumption Improvements:

• Improves the performance of browsing network file shares by consuming less bandwidth.
• Improves the speed of adding and extracting files to and from a compressed (zipped) folder.
• Improves performance over Windows Vista’s current performance across the following scenarios:
  • 25% faster when copying files locally on the same disk on the same machine
  • 45% faster when copying files from a remote non-Windows Vista system to a SP1 system
  • 50% faster when copying files from a remote SP1 system to a local SP1 system
• Improves overall media performance by reducing many glitches.
• In SP1, PC administrators are able to modify the network throttling index value for the MMCSS (Multimedia Class Scheduling Service), allowing them to determine the appropriate balance between network performance and audio/video playback quality.
• Windows Vista SP1 includes a new compression algorithm for the RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol) that helps reduce network bandwidth required to send bitmaps or images via RDP. The compression, which can be selected by administrators via Group Policy settings, is transparent to all RDP traffic, and typically reduces the size of the RDP stream by as much as 25-60%, based on preliminary test results.
• SP1 addresses a number of customer performance concerns with new print driver technologies, including XPS-based printing.

Security Improvements:

• Improves the security of running RemoteApp™ programs and desktops by allowing RDP files to be signed. Administrators now have the control to differentiate the user experience based on the publisher's identity.
• Improves the trustworthiness of data presented in Windows Security Center (WSC) by ensuring that only authenticated security applications can communicate with WSC.
• Improves security on wired networks by enabling single sign on (SSO) for authenticated wired networks. The single sign on experience presents the user with a single point of credential entry rather than being double prompted for local and network logon.
• Improves security in smart card scenarios:
  • Introduction of a new PIN channel to securely collect smart card PINs via a PC. This new capability mitigates a number of attacks that today would require using an external PIN reader to prevent.
  • Enables smart cards that use biometric authentication instead of a PIN.
• Improves BitLocker Drive Encryption by offering an additional multi-factor authentication method that combines a key protected by the TPM (Trusted Platform Module) with a Startup Key stored on a USB storage device and a user-generated Personal Identification Number (PIN).
• Enables a standard user to invoke the CompletePC Backup application, provided that user can supply administrator credentials. Previously, only administrators could launch the application.

Support for New Technologies and Standards:

• Adds support for new strong cryptographic algorithms used in IPsec. SHA-256, AES-GCM, and AES-GMAC for ESP and AH, ECDSA, SHA-256, and SHA-384 for IKE and AuthIP.
• Adds support for SSTP (Secure Sockets Tunnel Protocol), a remote access VPN tunneling protocol that will be part of Microsoft’s RRAS (Routing and Remote Access Service) platform. SSTP helps provide full-network VPN remote access connections over SSL, removing some of the VPN connectivity challenges that other VPN tunnels face traversing NAT, web proxies, and firewalls.
• Adds full support for the latest IEEE draft of 802.11n wireless networking.
• Adds support for the Parental Controls Games Restrictions for ratings from the Korean Game Rating Board (GRB).
• Enhances Windows Firewall and IPsec to use the new cryptographic algorithms that are Suite B compliant.

Desktop Administration and Management:

• Allows users and administrators to control which volumes the disk defragmenter runs on.
• Allows users and administrators using Network Diagnostics to solve the most common file sharing problems, not just network connection problems.
• Windows Vista SP1 includes a new Security Policy (UAC: Allow UAccess), which allows applications to prompt for elevation without using the secure desktop. This allows a remote helper to enter administrative credentials during a Remote Assistance session.
• Allows administrators to add a WSD (Web Services for Devices) Print Device to remote Windows Vista or Windows Server 2008 machines. This can be accomplished by using the Print Management Console.
• Allows users to rename or delete folders while working offline with redirected folders. This functionality is important to users that use Folder Redirection and work in offline mode for extended periods of time. This functionality is disabled by default but can be enabled by enabling a registry setting.
• Allows an administrator to configure properties of a network, such as the name, and deploy it network-wide via a Group Policy snap-in.

Setup and Deployment Improvements:

• Enables global organizations to more easily deploy SP1 in a multi-lingual environment, as SP1 includes all 36 language packs. However, this change contributes to the increased size of the standalone package.
• Enables users to get updated Help content via a separate downloadable package. This package will be released around SP1 release.
• Enables support for hotpatching, a reboot-reduction servicing technology designed to maximize uptime. It works by allowing Windows components to be updated (or "patched") while they are still in use by a running process. Hotpatch-enabled update packages are installed via the same methods as traditional update packages, and will not trigger a system reboot.
• Improves migration and upgrade scenarios relating to the component that allows alternate text input “modalities” like speech, handwriting, and multi-byte character input editors in applications that were not written specifically to support them.
• Improves OS deployment by enabling 64-bit versions of Windows Vista to be installed from a 32-bit OS. This will allow IT professionals to maintain just a single WinPE image.
• Improves OS deployment by supporting the installation of offline boot critical storage drivers. WinPE will automatically look to a hidden partition for drivers. It will search that partition recursively, and if boot critical drivers are present they will be loaded. Non-boot critical drivers will be picked up and staged, but not loaded prior to the OS coming online.
• Improves patch deployment by retrying failed updates in cases where multiple updates are pending and the failure of one update causes other updates to fail as well.
• Improves overall install time for updates by optimizing the query for installed OS updates.
• Improves robustness during the patch installation by being resilient to transient errors such as sharing violations or access violations.
• Improves reliability of OS updates by making them more resilient to unexpected interruptions, such as power failure.

General Improvements and Enhancements:

• SP1 reduces the number of UAC (User Account Control) prompts from 4 to 1 when creating or renaming a folder at a protected location.
• Upon scanning a photo with the Vista scanning experience, SP1 will open Explorer rather than opening Windows Photo Gallery.
• Users are now required to enter a password hint during the initial setup of Windows Vista SP1. This change was made based on feedback from top PC manufactures that many customers frequently do not remember their password and because the administrator account is turned off by default on Windows Vista, these users do not have a way to access to their PCs. A password hint helps avoid this frustrating scenario.
• With SP1, Microsoft differentiates the experience customers have using non-genuine versions of our software.

In May of this year I traveled to Washington, DC to participate in the annual conference of AIGAC - the Association of International Graduate Admissions Consultants. I had been a member of AIGAC for many years actually but being that I live in Singapore I had yet to pull the trigger on attending the annual conference since they are usually in the US. But this year the conference was hosted primarily at Georgetown, my own undergraduate Alma Mater, and the chance to spend time in my old neighborhood sweetened the deal enough to make it worth the trip.
​
During the week long conference, I had the chance to meet with admissions reps from most of the top schools, some of the most famous and experienced admissions consultants in the industry as well as representatives from GMAC, Prodigy Finance and more. It was a really fantastic learning and relationship building opportunity that I look forward to talking about more, but there was one activity in particular that has continued to stick out in my mind and I wanted to share it with you here.
​
During one of the days of the conference, we did an exercise where admissions consultants and admissions officers were broken up into groups and distributed detailed profiles of fictional candidates. We then had to decide which of these candidates we would accept, waitlist and deny, after being given a few details about our fictional school.
​
In my group was an admissions officer from an M7 school, an admissions officer from an international school of M7 status, an admissions officer from a more boutique US program and two other admissions consultants each with close to a decade of experience in the industry.
​
We all received the exact same profiles. You probably already guessed where this was going.
​
Of the 6 profiles we were distributed, there was unanimous consent on the denying of one candidate who we didn't think met the mark (or we just didn't have enough information). For everyone else it was a toss up. Some people focused on this aspect of a profile, others focused on another. Where some saw ambition, others saw arrogance. Flaws that some found to be understandable were deeply troubling to others.
​
Discussion among the people in the room ensued, and for the most part, people were open to having their minds changed.
​
So what's the takeaway here? I think there are a few:
​

1. MBA Admissions is a VERY human process

You've all heard that admissions committees take the whole application into account and don't just focus on the data points. This continues to be something that applicants refuse to believe, either because they don't want to believe that process really is that subjective, or because they take comfort in hard answers. I'm here to tell you the uncomfortable truth that whether you get admitted to a school or not is very much based on what the people reviewing your application think about it at the time that they read it. The impression that they form of you, what you can contribute to the class, how you'll benefit from the program and whether you're ready to take this step - is really everything. What's more, almost everything is up for interpretation and there is an element of chance in the process that just can't be totally extricated.
​

1. Narrative is everything

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I've seen this over and over with MBA Link clients but it was incredible to see it live in the room that way. You have to give admissions a reason to feel excited about admitting you. I'm a little nervous about giving this advice because I have seen people overcompensate here and submit really overly emotional and ham fisted applications (I was guilty of this in my own applications). But no matter what your stats or your background, you're always asking schools to take a chance on you. Make them WANT to take that chance on you by sharing a narrative that really clearly gets to the why - why are you applying, why do you need to be admitted in this round, why should we admit you? I do see a lot of applications that come off flat or cold and these tend to underperform.
​

1. No one can tell you which schools you'll be admitted to until you apply

​
As you can imagine, one of the first things a prospective client wants to know from me is whether they have a chance of getting into the schools they're interested in. It's a very close replication of all the profile reviews we see on this subreddit and while a sanity check from a knowledgeable resource can be an invaluable tool, I find myself OFTEN in the position of not being able to offer a prospect a satisfying answer. From a consultant's perspective, I want to work with the most motivated clients and I will do everything I can for them. But I can't tell you how the people reading your application on that day are going to react. I can draw from my seven years of experience in this industry, my team of M7 MBAs and former admissions consultants. I can promise we will do everything to make sure you present the best application possible and I can tell you that 95% of our clients get admitted to at least one of their chosen schools.
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But I can't tell you after a half hour conversation whether I can get you into Harvard and anyone that tells you different is full of it.
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1. Stop looking at MBA admissions as a conquest

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Drawing from the last point a bit, I believe a lot of us have an element in this process of wanting to know how we stack up against our peers. We see the rankings of the schools we're able to get into as a proxy for our own self worth. I think this is not only an unhealthy approach to the process, but an ineffective one. Schools are looking for a connection with their applicants. Imagine you have a choice between two primary care physicians. One is highly awarded and regarded, but looks at you and talks to you like you might as well be a diagram in a textbook. The other one becomes your friend and treats you like part of the family. Most of us would rather see the second doctor, even if they aren't quite as lauded as the first. As strange as it may seem, the same goes for schools. Schools want to admit candidates they feel a personal connection with. If you're not making the effort to make that connection, I believe it will be hard to compete with people who are.

Hello Networking!
​
I'm struggling with what I feel should be a simple VPN setup on a Cisco ASA and I feel I'm missing something simple. I'm trying to set up two tunnels to a site, securing traffic from two of my local subnets to the same remote subnet.
​
For example purposes, lets say my local subnets are 10.1.0.0/16 and 10.5.1.0/24. The remote subnet is 10.3.0.0/16. I've configured the following -
​
ikev2 enable outside
​
ikev2 policy 2
encryption aes-gcm-256
group 24
prf sha384
lifetime seconds 86400
​
tunnel-group PEER_IP type ipsec-l2l
​
tunnel-group PEER_IP ipsec-attributes
ikev2 remote-authentication pre-shared-key password
ikev2 local-authentication pre-shared-key password
​
crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal cry_ike2
protocol esp encryption aes-gmac-256
​
access-list map_1 extended permit ip 10.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.3.0.0 255.255.0.0
access-list map_1 extended permit ip 10.5.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.3.0.0 255.255.0.0
​
crypto map cry1 1 match address map_1
crypto map cry1 1 set peer PEER_IP
crypto map cry1 1 set ikev2 ipsec-proposal cry_ike2
crypto map cry1 interface outside
crypto map cry1 set pfs Group24
​
object network Network1
subnet 10.1.0.0 255.255.0.0
object network Network2
subnet 10.5.1.0 255.255.255.0
object network Remote_Net
subnet 10.3.0.0 255.255.0.0
​
nat (inside,outside) source static Network1 Network1 destination static Remote_Net Remote_Net no-proxy-arp route-lookup
nat (inside,outside) source static Network2 Network2 destination static Remote_Net Remote_Net no-proxy-arp route-lookup
​
I have configured the same (but reverse, as needed) on the ASA at the other end.
I have SA's for 10.1.0.0 > 10.3.0.0 forming but no SA forming for 10.5.1.0 > 10.3.0.0
what am I doing wrong here?
​
​
*EDIT*
Thanks guys! I found two problems that could not have been noticed with the data I gave. Your reassurances in my initial configs and recommendations really helped me think in the right direction to find these!
​
First problem, subnet 10.5.1.0 resided on a different ASA interface than inside, so my NAT T wasn't applying.
Second problem, I also did not have an ACL on that interface incoming allowing the traffic of 10.5.1.0 to pass to 10.3.0.0
​
thus, I fixed this with the following config changes-
nat (interface2,outside) source static Network2 Network2 destination static Remote_Net Remote_Net no-proxy-arp route-lookup
access-list int2_IN extended permit ip 10.5.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.3.0.0 255.255.0.0
​
​

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I've seen lots of comments about playoff formats, certain conferences being favored by pollsters, etc., so I thought it would be interesting to review the Group of Five's recent history in the rankings.
 
Strictly speaking, we can't use the polls/BCS formula as a proxy for how the CFP Committee would have behaved if the current system were in place back then, but it's a fun thought experiment to do anyway.
 
I chose the Top 15 as the cutoff for the following reasons:

• For several years the final BCS Rankings only showed the Top 15, and I'd rather keep this post consistent.
  
• If the playoffs ever expand, it would possibly be to the Top 8, so those teams merit attention. Top 8 teams are usually those that finish around #15 or higher through multiple seasons. This is unsurprising, since elite finishes typically aren't "flashes in the pan," but the result of consistent teams peaking.
  
• Year-to-year, Top 15 teams do not vary much. Taken with the reason above, this keeps the discussion focused on those teams that could reach the playoffs sooner rather than later.
  

 
The first table shows the G5 teams that entered bowl season ranked in the Top 15 in at least one poll. It includes the final BCS Rankings from the 1998-2013 seasons and the final CFP Rankings from the 2014-2017 seasons for these teams, as well as their rankings in the AP and Coaches Polls.
 
The final BCS/CFP Rankings incorporate conference championship games, but not bowl games. The matching AP and Coaches Polls are shown in the table, i.e, those covering conference championships only. Even though most conferences didn't have a championship game for some part of this time period, the rankings shuffled around those that did. Each team's conference and pre-bowl record are listed. A second table with the bowl results has been added below.
 
Poll info comes from this page, and each subsequent page through the 2017 season. They were cross-checked against these pages.
 

SEASON	TEAM	CONFERENCE	RECORD	BCS/CFP RANKING	AP POLL	COACHES POLL
1998	Tulane Tulane	Conference USA	11-0	#10 Tulane	#10 Tulane	#10 Tulane
	Air Force Air Force	Western Athletic	11-1	NR Air Force	#16 Air Force	#13 Air Force
1999	Marshall Marshall	Mid-American	12-0	#12 Marshall	#11 Marshall	#11 Marshall
2000	TCU TCU	Western Athletic	10-1	#14 TCU	#13 TCU	#16 TCU
2001	---	---	---	---	---	---
2002	Boise State Boise State	Western Athletic	11-1	NR Boise State	#18 Boise State	#15 Boise State
2003	Miami (OH) Miami	Mid-American	12-1	#11 Miami (OH)	#14 Miami (OH)	#15 Miami (OH)
2004	Utah Utah	Mountain West	11-0	#6 Utah	#5 Utah	#6 Utah
	Boise State Boise State	Western Athletic	11-0	#9 Boise State	#10 Boise State	#10 Boise State
	Louisville Louisville	Conference USA	10-1	#10 Louisville	#7 Louisville	#8 Louisville
2005	TCU TCU	Mountain West	10-1	#14 TCU	#14 TCU	#14 TCU
2006	Boise State Boise State	Western Athletic	12-0	#8 Boise State	#9 Boise State	#9 Boise State
2007	Hawai'i Hawai'i	Western Athletic	12-0	#10 Hawai'i	#10 Hawai'i	#10 Hawai'i
2008	Utah Utah	Mountain West	12-0	#6 Utah	#7 Utah	#7 Utah
	Boise State Boise State	Western Athletic	12-0	#9 Boise State	#9 Boise State	#9 Boise State
	TCU TCU	Mountain West	10-2	#11 TCU	#11 TCU	#11 TCU
2009	TCU TCU	Mountain West	12-0	#4 TCU	#3 TCU	#3 TCU
	Boise State Boise State	Western Athletic	13-0	#6 Boise State	#6 Boise State	#6 Boise State
	BYU BYU	Mountain West	10-2	#14 BYU	#15 BYU	#14 BYU
2010	TCU TCU	Mountain West	12-0	#3 TCU	#3 TCU	#3 TCU
	Boise State Boise State	Western Athletic	11-1	#10 Boise State	#10 Boise State	#10 Boise State
	Nevada Nevada	Western Athletic	12-1	#15 Nevada	#13 Nevada	#15 Nevada
2011	Boise State Boise State	Mountain West	11-1	#7 Boise State	#8 Boise State	#6 Boise State
	TCU TCU	Mountain West	10-2	#18 TCU	#16 TCU	#15 TCU
2012	Northern Illinois Northern Illinois	Mid-American	12-1	#15 Northern Illinois	#16 Northern Illinois	#16 Northern Illinois
	Boise State Boise State	Mountain West	10-2	#19 Boise State	#20 Boise State	#15 Boise State
2013	UCF UCF	American Athletic	11-1	#15 UCF	#15 UCF	#15 UCF
2014	---	---	---	---	---	---
2015	Houston Houston	American Athletic	12-1	#18 Houston	#14 Houston	#16 Houston
2016	Western Michigan Western Michigan	Mid-American	13-0	#15 Western Michigan	#12 Western Michigan	#15 Western Michigan
2017	UCF UCF	American Athletic	12-0	#12 UCF	#10 UCF	#10 UCF

*Note: The AAC was both an Automatic Qualifying conference and a Group of Five conference in 2013, so that year's #15 ranked UCF team is listed. I asked moderator bakonydraco about this, and he said, "The Group of Five was already an established term in 2012, when it was announced that they collectively might have an autobid in the new system, which prompted Boise State and San Diego State to back out of an agreement they'd already signed to join Big East Football. So yes, in 2013 the AAC was both AQ and G5." Here's a link to his comment.
 
In twenty seasons, thirteen G5 teams have finished in the Top 15 of either the BCS or CFP Rankings, appearing a total of twenty-four times:
 

1. Boise State Boise State (6)
   
2. TCU TCU (5)
   
3. UCF UCF (2)
   
4. Utah Utah (2)
   
5. BYU BYU (1)
   
6. Hawai'i Hawai'i (1)
   
7. Louisville Louisville (1)
   
8. Nevada Nevada (1)
   
9. Marshall Marshall (1)
   
10. Miami (OH) Miami (OH) (1)
    
11. Northern Illinois NIU (1)
    
12. Tulane Tulane (1)
    
13. Western Michigan Western Michigan (1)
    

 
Of these teams, none finished in the Top 8 of the CFP Rankings, and three finished in the Top 8 of the BCS Rankings, appearing a total of seven times:
 

1. Boise State Boise State (3)
   
2. TCU TCU (2)
   
3. Utah Utah (2)
   

 
The only G5 team to enter bowl season in the Top 4 of the BCS Rankings was TCU in 2009 and 2010.
 
TCU, Utah, and Louisville all moved to P5 conferences, and BYU went independent. They account for nine of the twenty-four Top 15 finishes, four of the seven Top 8 finishes, and both of the Top 4 finishes listed above.
 
Since it's relevant, I made a second table showing the bowl results of every team from the first table. It includes the final BCS/CFP Rankings for each team and their records leading into the bowl games.
 
I added the G5 teams' final rankings in the AP and Coaches Polls and how much their rankings changed after the bowl games. The game results can be found here and here.
 

SEASON	BOWL GAME	MATCHUP	WINNER	SCORE	FINAL AP POLL	FINAL COACHES POLL
1998	Liberty Bowl	#10 Tulane (11-0) vs. BYU (9-4)	Tulane Tulane	41-27	#7 Tulane (+3)	#7 Tulane (+3)
	Oahu Bowl	Air Force (11-1) vs. Washington (6-5)	Air Force Air Force	45-25	#13 Air Force (+3)	#10 Air Force (+3)
1999	Motor City Bowl	#12 Marshall (12-0) vs. BYU (8-3)	Marshall Marshall	21-3	#10 Marshall (+1)	#10 Marshall (+1)
2000	Mobile Alabama Bowl	#14 TCU (10-1) vs. Southern Miss (7-4)	Southern Miss Southern Miss	28-21	#21 TCU (-8)	#18 TCU (-2)
2001	---	---	---	---	---	---
2002	Humanitarian Bowl	Boise State (11-1) vs. Iowa State (7-6)	Boise State Boise State	34-16	#15 Boise State (+3)	#12 Boise State (+3)
2003	GMAC Bowl	#11 Miami (OH) (12-1) vs. Louisville (9-3)	Miami (OH) Miami (OH)	49-28	#10 Miami (OH) (+4)	#12 Miami (OH) (+3)
2004	Fiesta Bowl	#6 Utah (11-0) vs. #21 Pitt (8-3)	Utah Utah	35-7	#4 Utah (+1)	#5 Utah (+1)
	Liberty Bowl	#9 Boise State (11-0) vs. #10 Louisville (10-1)	Louisville Louisville	44-40	#6 Louisville (+1)	#7 Lousville (+1)
					#12 Boise State (-2) vs. #13 Boise State (-3)
2005	Houston Bowl	#14 TCU (10-1) vs. Iowa State (7-4)	TCU TCU	27-24	#11 TCU (+3)	#9 TCU (+5)
2006	Fiesta Bowl	#8 Boise State (12-0) vs. #10 Oklahoma (11-2)	Boise State Boise State	43-42	#5 Boise State (+4)	#6 Boise State (+3)
2007	Sugar Bowl	#10 Hawai'i (12-0) vs. #5 Georgia (10-2)	Georgia Georgia	41-10	#19 Hawai'i (-9)	#17 Hawai'i (-7)
2008	Sugar Bowl	#6 Utah (12-0) vs. #4 Alabama (12-1)	Utah Utah	31-17	#2 Utah (+5)	#4 Utah (+3)
	Poinsettia Bowl	#9 Boise State (12-0) vs. #11 TCU (10-2)	TCU TCU	17-16	#7 TCU (+4)	#7 TCU (+4)
					#11 Boise State (-2)	#13 Boise State (-4)
2009	Fiesta Bowl	#4 TCU (12-0) vs. #6 Boise State (13-0)	Boise State Boise State	17-10	#4 Boise State (+2)	#4 Boise State (+2)
					#6 TCU (-3)	#6 TCU (-2)
	Las Vegas Bowl	#14 BYU (10-2) vs. #18 Oregon State (8-4)	BYU BYU	44-20	#12 BYU (+3)	#12 BYU (+2)
2010	Rose Bowl	#3 TCU (12-0) vs. #5 Wisconsin (11-1)	TCU TCU	21-19	#2 TCU (+1)	#2 TCU (+1)
	Las Vegas Bowl	#10 Boise State (11-1) vs. #19 Utah (10-2)	Boise State Boise State	26-3	#9 Boise State (+1)	#7 Boise State (+3)
	Fight Hunger Bowl	#15 Nevada (12-1) vs. Boston College (7-5)	Nevada Nevada	20-13	#11 Nevada (+2)	#13 Nevada (+2)
2011	Las Vegas Bowl	#7 Boise State (11-1) vs. Arizona State (6-6)	Boise State Boise State	56-24	#8 Boise State (+0)	#6 Boise State (+0)
	Poinsettia Bowl	#18 TCU (10-2) vs. Louisiana Tech (8-4)	TCU TCU	31-24	#14 TCU (+2)	#13 TCU (+2)
2012	Orange Bowl	#15 Northern Illinois (12-1) vs. #12 Florida State (11-2)	Florida State Florida State	31-10	#22 NIU (-6)	#24 NIU (-8)
	Las Vegas Bowl	#19 Boise State (10-2) vs. Washington (7-5)	Boise State Boise State	28-26	#18 Boise State (+2)	#14 Boise State (+1)
2013	Fiesta Bowl	#15 UCF (11-1) vs. #6 Baylor (11-1)	UCF UCF	52-42	#10 UCF (+5)	#12 UCF (+3)
2014	---	---	---	---	---	---
2015	Peach Bowl	#18 Houston (12-1) vs. #9 Florida State (10-2)	Houston Houston	38-24	#8 Houston (+6)	#8 Houston (+8)
2016	Cotton Bowl	#15 Western Michigan (13-0) vs. #8 Wisconsin (10-3)	Wisconsin Wisconsin	24-16	#15 Western Michigan (-3)	#18 Western Michigan (-3)
2017	Peach Bowl	#12 UCF (12-0) vs. #7 Auburn (10-3)	UCF UCF	34-27	#6 UCF (+4)	#7 UCF (+3)

 
The largest jump from a bowl victory was made by Houston in 2015 (#14 to #8 in the AP Poll, #16 to #8 in the Coaches Poll). The largest drop from a bowl defeat happened to Hawai'i in 2007 (#10 to #19 in the AP Poll, #10 to #17 in the Coaches Poll).
 
Seventeen of these twenty-six bowl games were against P5 opponents. The G5 teams went 14-3 against them (8-3 against ranked P5 teams).
 
It's worth noting that TCU, BYU, and Utah went 5-0 against P5 bowl opponents (4-0 against ranked P5 teams), and Boise State went 4-0 against P5 bowl teams, one of them ranked. Louisville didn't play a P5 bowl opponent when ranked in the Top 15. So, besides Boise State and those no longer in a G5 conference, the rest of the teams went 5-3 against P5 bowl opponents (3-3 against ranked P5 teams).
 
If anyone notices mistakes or has suggestions, please let me know. Shout-out to fishdontfry for the weekly Dreaming about the playoff posts, they inspired me to dig into this.