Hello. I have a virtual machine server using a 2400GE APU. I'm attempting to pass the APU graphics and hdmi audio to the Windows guest. The IOMMU wasn't grouped in a convenient way so we're using a kernel patched with ACSO.
The system is a headless server and is set up such that VFIO-PCI picks up the GPU and audio immediately upon booting. The UEFI boot screen for the VM doesn't come up if I plug a display into the GPU output. The APU graphics show up in the virtual machine, But with code 43 of course. I'd appreciate any help greatly. I'd like to give up, but I'm already too invested ;)
When the host boots, The display freezes on "Loading initial ramdisk". Which makes sense because the gpu is being dropped to VFIO-PCI immediately afterwards and wouldn't update anything. Starting the Virtual-Machine turns the monitor off.
I've heard of a GPU reset bug but that usually prevents you from starting the VM more than once and that's not the case. I've also heard that memballoon might cause problems so I tried disabling that too but no change. It's more likely I'm just doing it wrong.
Virtual Machine Manager:

 Windows 3d19709d-0788-4248-8eeb-af1309f4efc1      6291456 6291456 4  hvm /usshare/OVMF/OVMF_CODE_4M.fd /valib/libvirt/qemu/nvram/Windows_VARS.fd                   destroy restart destroy      /usbin/qemu-system-x86_64      
   
      
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
   
      
       

Kernel:

6.3.0-acso 

Grub:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet pcie_acs_override=downstream,multifunction amd_iommu=on iommu=pt vfio-pci.ids=1002:15dd,1002:15de video=efifb:off" 

Blacklisted drivers /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf:

blacklist radeon blacklist amdgpu 

Device Ids in /etc/modprobe.d/vfio.conf:

options vfio-pci ids=1002:15dd,1002:15de 

Adding VFIO-PCI to initramdisk /etc/initramfs-tools/modules:

vfio vfio_pci vfio_virqfd 

IOMMU Groups with ACSO:

IOMMU Group 0: 00:01.0 Host bridge [0600]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-1fh) PCIe Dummy Host Bridge [1022:1452] IOMMU Group 1: 00:01.2 PCI bridge [0604]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven/Raven2 PCIe GPP Bridge [6:0] [1022:15d3] IOMMU Group 2: 00:01.3 PCI bridge [0604]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven/Raven2 PCIe GPP Bridge [6:0] [1022:15d3] IOMMU Group 3: 00:01.4 PCI bridge [0604]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven/Raven2 PCIe GPP Bridge [6:0] [1022:15d3] IOMMU Group 4: 00:08.0 Host bridge [0600]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-1fh) PCIe Dummy Host Bridge [1022:1452] IOMMU Group 5: 00:08.1 PCI bridge [0604]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven/Raven2 Internal PCIe GPP Bridge 0 to Bus A [1022:15db] IOMMU Group 6: 00:08.2 PCI bridge [0604]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven/Raven2 Internal PCIe GPP Bridge 0 to Bus B [1022:15dc] IOMMU Group 7: 00:14.0 SMBus [0c05]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH SMBus Controller [1022:790b] (rev 61) 00:14.3 ISA bridge [0601]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH LPC Bridge [1022:790e] (rev 51) IOMMU Group 8: 00:18.0 Host bridge [0600]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven/Raven2 Device 24: Function 0 [1022:15e8] 00:18.1 Host bridge [0600]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven/Raven2 Device 24: Function 1 [1022:15e9] 00:18.2 Host bridge [0600]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven/Raven2 Device 24: Function 2 [1022:15ea] 00:18.3 Host bridge [0600]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven/Raven2 Device 24: Function 3 [1022:15eb] 00:18.4 Host bridge [0600]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven/Raven2 Device 24: Function 4 [1022:15ec] 00:18.5 Host bridge [0600]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven/Raven2 Device 24: Function 5 [1022:15ed] 00:18.6 Host bridge [0600]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven/Raven2 Device 24: Function 6 [1022:15ee] 00:18.7 Host bridge [0600]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven/Raven2 Device 24: Function 7 [1022:15ef] IOMMU Group 9: 01:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller [10ec:8168] (rev 0e) IOMMU Group 10: 01:00.1 Serial controller [0700]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111xP UART #1 [10ec:816a] (rev 0e) IOMMU Group 11: 01:00.2 Serial controller [0700]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111xP UART #2 [10ec:816b] (rev 0e) IOMMU Group 12: 01:00.3 IPMI Interface [0c07]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111xP IPMI interface [10ec:816c] (rev 0e) IOMMU Group 13: 01:00.4 USB controller [0c03]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL811x EHCI host controller [10ec:816d] (rev 0e) IOMMU Group 14: 02:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Intel Corporation Wireless-AC 9260 [8086:2526] (rev 29) IOMMU Group 15: 03:00.0 Non-Volatile memory controller [0108]: Sandisk Corp WD Black SN750 / PC SN730 NVMe SSD [15b7:5006] IOMMU Group 16: 04:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Raven Ridge [Radeon Vega Series / Radeon Vega Mobile Series] [1002:15dd] (rev d6) IOMMU Group 17: 04:00.1 Audio device [0403]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Raven/Raven2/Fenghuang HDMI/DP Audio Controller [1002:15de] IOMMU Group 18: 04:00.2 Encryption controller [1080]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 10h-1fh) Platform Security Processor [1022:15df] IOMMU Group 19: 04:00.3 USB controller [0c03]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven USB 3.1 [1022:15e0] IOMMU Group 20: 04:00.4 USB controller [0c03]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven USB 3.1 [1022:15e1] IOMMU Group 21: 04:00.5 Multimedia controller [0480]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] ACP/ACP3X/ACP6x Audio Coprocessor [1022:15e2] IOMMU Group 22: 04:00.6 Audio device [0403]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h/19h HD Audio Controller [1022:15e3] IOMMU Group 23: 05:00.0 SATA controller [0106]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH SATA Controller [AHCI mode] [1022:7901] (rev 61) 

IOMMU Groups without ACSO:

IOMMU Group 0: 00:01.0 Host bridge [0600]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-1fh) PCIe Dummy Host Bridge [1022:1452] IOMMU Group 1: 00:01.2 PCI bridge [0604]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven/Raven2 PCIe GPP Bridge [6:0] [1022:15d3] IOMMU Group 2: 00:01.3 PCI bridge [0604]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven/Raven2 PCIe GPP Bridge [6:0] [1022:15d3] IOMMU Group 3: 00:01.4 PCI bridge [0604]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven/Raven2 PCIe GPP Bridge [6:0] [1022:15d3] IOMMU Group 4: 00:08.0 Host bridge [0600]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-1fh) PCIe Dummy Host Bridge [1022:1452] 00:08.2 PCI bridge [0604]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven/Raven2 Internal PCIe GPP Bridge 0 to Bus B [1022:15dc] 05:00.0 SATA controller [0106]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH SATA Controller [AHCI mode] [1022:7901] (rev 61) IOMMU Group 5: 00:08.1 PCI bridge [0604]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven/Raven2 Internal PCIe GPP Bridge 0 to Bus A [1022:15db] IOMMU Group 6: 00:14.0 SMBus [0c05]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH SMBus Controller [1022:790b] (rev 61) 00:14.3 ISA bridge [0601]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH LPC Bridge [1022:790e] (rev 51) IOMMU Group 7: 00:18.0 Host bridge [0600]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven/Raven2 Device 24: Function 0 [1022:15e8] 00:18.1 Host bridge [0600]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven/Raven2 Device 24: Function 1 [1022:15e9] 00:18.2 Host bridge [0600]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven/Raven2 Device 24: Function 2 [1022:15ea] 00:18.3 Host bridge [0600]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven/Raven2 Device 24: Function 3 [1022:15eb] 00:18.4 Host bridge [0600]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven/Raven2 Device 24: Function 4 [1022:15ec] 00:18.5 Host bridge [0600]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven/Raven2 Device 24: Function 5 [1022:15ed] 00:18.6 Host bridge [0600]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven/Raven2 Device 24: Function 6 [1022:15ee] 00:18.7 Host bridge [0600]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven/Raven2 Device 24: Function 7 [1022:15ef] IOMMU Group 8: 01:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller [10ec:8168] (rev 0e) 01:00.1 Serial controller [0700]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111xP UART #1 [10ec:816a] (rev 0e) 01:00.2 Serial controller [0700]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111xP UART #2 [10ec:816b] (rev 0e) 01:00.3 IPMI Interface [0c07]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111xP IPMI interface [10ec:816c] (rev 0e) 01:00.4 USB controller [0c03]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL811x EHCI host controller [10ec:816d] (rev 0e) IOMMU Group 9: 02:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Intel Corporation Wireless-AC 9260 [8086:2526] (rev 29) IOMMU Group 10: 03:00.0 Non-Volatile memory controller [0108]: Sandisk Corp WD Black SN750 / PC SN730 NVMe SSD [15b7:5006] IOMMU Group 11: 04:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Raven Ridge [Radeon Vega Series / Radeon Vega Mobile Series] [1002:15dd] (rev d6) IOMMU Group 12: 04:00.1 Audio device [0403]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Raven/Raven2/Fenghuang HDMI/DP Audio Controller [1002:15de] 04:00.2 Encryption controller [1080]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 10h-1fh) Platform Security Processor [1022:15df] 04:00.3 USB controller [0c03]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven USB 3.1 [1022:15e0] 04:00.4 USB controller [0c03]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven USB 3.1 [1022:15e1] 04:00.5 Multimedia controller [0480]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] ACP/ACP3X/ACP6x Audio Coprocessor [1022:15e2] 04:00.6 Audio device [0403]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h/19h HD Audio Controller [1022:15e3] 

https://preview.redd.it/y0rsed1w5h0d1.png?width=357&format=png&auto=webp&s=e02044edbf7f36029340cfd406853273539ba858
tried a few different versions.

Tô pensando em vender meu 3DS e os jogos, achei umas joias rarinhas aqui tipo a box do Pokémon SS + Pokéwalker e o Golden Sun Dark Dawn com manual de 50 páginas, tão praticamente intactos.
Queria saber também quanto custa:

• (DS) Box de Pokémon Soul Silver + Pokéwalker
• (DS) Golden Sun: Dark Dawn
• (3DS) MK7 + capinha
• (3DS) New Super Mario Bros. 2 + capinha
• (3DS) The Legend of Zelda Ocarina of Time 3D + capinha
• (3DS) Pokémon X + capinha

Department of Fish and Wildlife GPS Tracking

GPS Tracking Helps In Conservation
Visit website: https://spacehawkgps.com/products/best-hidden-gps-tracker-for-car
https://preview.redd.it/unju82zo3h0d1.jpg?width=2560&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=aca974c838475b0abc950d8dea3fbd855b6620da

• Longest Battery Life Of Any GPS Tracker On The Market
• Most Widely Used Live GPS Among Law Enforcement Agencies
• Secretly Track Any Vehicle For $16.99 Per Month

LEARN MORE!
With more and more hipsters wanting to live a more "authentic" lifestyle, teens and millennials are walking away from the shopping malls and into nature. This is a great thing but it has caused some issues for conservation groups such as the California Department of Fish and Wildlife who spend their time fighting those who could cause damage to the natural environment. Whether it be people cultivating marijuana crops on protected land, issues related to species management, or maybe something as simple as people fishing without licenses, the California Department of Fish and Wildlife has a lot of work to do and unfortunately limited resources. However, technology is now helping fill in some of the gaps for the California Department of Fish and Wildlife who is calling upon GPS tracking devices for a number of different reasons.
https://preview.redd.it/9b4j1r1x3h0d1.jpg?width=2400&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=74a1ac3cbf765de9e4c1d44fef443c2bc2d1ae0b

California Department of Fish and Wildlife Vehicles

One of the most obvious benefits of using GPS live tracking technology is how it can assist in vehicle management. The California Department of Fish and Wildlife are often lacking manpower and resources. Therefore, fewer people are available to cover a lot of land. That means efficiency is a high priority. When real-time auto tracking units are equipped on the California Department of Fish and Wildlife vehicles the process of documenting and managing vehicle activity becomes significantly easier. This is because live GPS systems provide up-to-date info about where a vehicle is located, speeds it is traveling, stops made, and more. Safe speed alerts can also be programmed. Other benefits from a fleet oversight perspective include:
1. Theft Security 2. Unlimited Historical Access 3. Safe Zone Alerts 4. Speed Alerts

Fighting Crime With GPS Tracking

Another benefit of using GPS monitoring systems among government agencies such as the Bureau of Land Management, Department of Homeland Security, or California Department of Fish and Wildlife is that the technology can also be pivotal in investigative work. Whether it be illegal poaching or the cultivation of illegal crops, bad things happen on public land all the time. These areas are often chosen as the setting for criminal activity because they are remote and often in regions where cellular service is not available. This means live GPS won't work. This is where data logging systems are proving their value and helping authorities conduct successful investigations.

GPS Data Logger For Government Employees

Passive GPS solutions record travel activity to the internal memory of the device. Information such as route traveled, speed-driven, and more are all recorded and stored on the car tracker. This data can then be reviewed once the tracker is removed from the target vehicle and downloaded. Here is a real-world example of how technology is employed successfully. The California Department of Fish and Wildlife received a top about a poacher illegally hunting mountain lions. The suspect is identified and shown to be frequenting areas where mountain lion populations are dwindling. The California Department of Fish and Wildlife acquires a warrant, puts a vehicle tracker on the car of the suspect, and then removes the GPS after a month. The data shows the suspect was indeed at the location where each mountain lion shooting took place. The California Department of Fish and Wildlife has its man and can move forward with an arrest.
The California Department of Fish and Wildlife has a tremendously challenging task and the work they do is for all of us. GPS monitoring systems are helping to make that job a little easier which is fantastic because when they do their job effectively it means they are preserving wildlife and essentially nature for everyone for generations to come.

Conservation Top Priority For U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

Government Agency Calls Upon GPS
There are a number of government and federal agencies that serve a vital role to the public from everything to energy conservation to counter-terrorism, but there is only one agency that focuses solely on making certain the next generation of wildlife is secure and safe. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service works tirelessly to conserve and safeguard fish, wildlife, plants, and their natural habitats through scientific experimentation and the creation of refuges. All of the work is conducted by professionals who strive to protect natural resources. However, the task of maintaining stable ecosystems and the life they support can be a very daunting task, and that is why the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service continues to call upon the latest in technological advancement to help in conservation efforts. With many government agencies feeling the financial pinch, departments such as the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service are now turning to GPS tracking systems to help conduct business as usual, and what they are finding is that GPS tracking devices are not only a cost-smart solution for monitoring equipment/environment but also an effective one.
GPS tracking systems have always been the surveillance tools of choice among federal police agencies to conduct covert investigations, but now the monitoring technology has taken on increased responsibility. Now, GPS monitoring technology and devices are used for everything from GPS fleet management improvement to the observation of wildlife in scientific experiments and studies. There are still many mysteries that ecologists and wildlife experts are trying to solve regarding the way many animals interact with their natural environment and the role that humans play in disrupting that balance. By equipping different species with micro GPS trackers that can transmit real-time GPS tracking and location-based data, scientists can understand how a particular species interact with everything in their environment.
With many staff members working for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service having to conduct experiments in the field, vehicle management and route efficiency are also a concern for the federal agency. However, real-time GPS tracking solutions such as SpaceHawk GPS can bring simplicity to a complex fleet problem. The SpaceHawk GPS allows government agencies to remotely view where any agency vehicle is while operating in the field. This GPS data can be used for fuel consumption reduction, a way to observe employee activity via vehicle tracking, and/or see what areas in a region a particular employee/scientist visited for experimentation.
Tracking System Direct would like to thank those working for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for their conservation efforts and focus on maintaining and preserving our most precious resources.

I am curious to know the origin of this techno/hip hop Super Mario Bros remix that has been floating around on the internet as early as the mid 2000’s. It has been fairly commonly heard on fanmade content on platforms such as Newgrounds and YouTube videos in the late 2000s, with the earliest video I can find being this. Many comments say that the remix was downloaded from sites such as Limewire, but I would like to know when was it made and who made it?

TLDR: What can we do to bring life back to our backyard?
My girlfriend & I moved into a rental house about 6 months ago with our 2 dogs.
I’ve never had a dog and a backyard at the same time, and how I wish I would have known the destruction dog feces/urine can have. We had a very strong storm come in after a super long dry spell and it made me realize how badly we let this backyard degenerate.
I know the backyard wasn’t perfect originally, but I want to do our landlord right and bring this backyard at least to the condition it was in prior to us moving in.
Obviously removing any dog waste is #1 priority - ideally we’ll be removing it immediately but hypothetically how long can it be left for before it starts creating problems?
Last question: are there other measures we can take to speed up the process?
Thank you in advance for any advice, we really appreciate it!

I wanted some replacement for my ASRock J5040-ITX that would allow me to go 10GbE.
As there is almost no space for any cooling in my NAS case, i was thinking about some 35W limited i3 with T suffix.
When i searched online for hardware options i came across multiple posts where people said you should just buy the non-T model as almost any consumer board would allow to set the power limit.
So i got an ASRock H470M-ITX for the 3x M.2 and an i3-10320 because it was cheap and all T-models were more than twice the price.
Just to find out there is no setting to set a lower power limit. I mean, there IS an setting to overwrite the power limit but it let you set only some predefined values between 65W and 125W:
https://preview.redd.it/3e729ahomg0d1.png?width=1920&format=png&auto=webp&s=8d84d08b43bd21bb27445d399a0b3bd1fdbfe2fa
Even on the lowest setting, it's matter of just 30 seconds of simultanous CPU and iGPU load to bump the temperature above 90°C.
But the setting is there, right? Only the options are crap. So what would one do if not grabbing the latest bios rom and some hex-editor?
Long story short, i only changed two bytes in the setup module and now it is a nice input field that takes any value between 0 and 125:
https://preview.redd.it/v5uevabrmg0d1.png?width=1920&format=png&auto=webp&s=3d459a0c2d3519985f14257173cf568071c434d1
Now the 10320 is running with a 35W limit and can be cooled to 65°C without a problem.
And with a passmark score of ~9750, it still performs better than most other 10th gen i3 and by FAR better than the T-models.
I also tried a power limit of 10, just for fun, and it still performs way better than the 10W J5040 of the same generation, so this could be really worth for low power builds! :-)
Here you can download the modified rom, may it be helpful for somebody in the near or far future:
Download
I may post some kind of tutorial as comment.

A year ago I bought something called the Super Console X, which is basically a small box that has emulators on it. The PS1 section had Tony Hawk 1, 2, and 3. Having never played any Tony Hawk game I thought it would be a good time to see what the fuss was about.
A few minutes into the first game, I was hooked. I said “Oh, I get it now.”
I struggled a lot in that first game, especially when it came to Downhill Jam and its secret tape, and then with getting enough points in Burnside. It took me days to finish the game. (The other night I played it again and beat it in 40 minutes. That’s what practice does.)
At the same time I found out there was a 2020 remake, and instantly bought an Xbox One. I loved it. At the same time, I was playing through the PS1 version of THPS 2.
Also during this time I was watching a lot of videos of the PS2 games, and learning that they were the golden age for the series. I became desperate to play them, but I don’t own a PC so I couldn’t emulate them.
So about a month ago, I bought a jailbroken PS3 with an app on it called the PS2CV Store, which has all the main PS2 games on it to download for free. I messaged the seller beforehand and asked him what Tony Hawk games are on it. It had them all and I couldn’t wait to get it.
I can’t describe the excitement I first turned on THPS 3. To go from the Ps1 version to the PS2 version blew my mind. Everything was so smooth.
I beat 3, and got halfway through 4 before moving onto Underground, which was an amazing experience. Then I beat Underground 2 and am presently a third of the way through Wasteland.
I got into the Tony Hawk universe late, but over the last year I’ve made up for lost time. I now own every Tony Hawk console game, from the original PS1 game to 1+2, including Tony Hawk’s Pro Skater HD.
They may not be making anymore games, but at least we have at minimum eight really great Tony Hawk games, more than Metal Gear Solid.
There are games like Metal Gear Solid, that are fine in their way, slow and calculated, and then there is Tony Hawk, fun and fast. And fun and fast is what lures me most when deciding what game to play.
I’ve only ever been interested in playing online multiplayer games, mainly FIFA and WWE, but with Tony Hawk I’m happy to play offline, just me and the ledges, quarter pipes, and rails.
I’m glad there is a forum for us diehard fans to share our love for this brilliant series, this immortal and iconic goldmine of video gaming greatness.