Hi everyone! We're excited to announce that our reactive web UI framework is now public. This project has been in the works for quite some time, and we're excited to share it with you. Feel free to check it out and share your feedback!

• GitHub
• Website

There is a short coding GIF on GitHub.

What My Project Does

Rio is a brand new GUI framework designed to let you create modern web apps with just a few lines of Python. Our goal is to simplify web and app development, allowing you to focus on what matters most instead of getting stuck on complicated user interface details.
We achieve this by adhering to the core principles of Python that we all know and love. Python is meant to be simple and concise, and Rio embodies this philosophy. There's no need to learn additional languages like HTML, CSS, or JavaScript, as all UI, logic, components, and even layout are managed entirely in Python. Moreover, there's no separation between front-end and back-end; Rio transparently handles all communication for you.

Target Audience

Rio is perfect for data scientists who want to create web apps without learning new languages. With Rio, it's easy to create interactive apps that let stakeholders explore results and give feedback, so you can stay focused on your data analysis and model development. Plus, Rio offers more flexibility than frameworks like Gradio or Streamlit, giving you greater control over your app's functionality and design.

Showcase

Rio doesn't just serve HTML templates like you might be used to from frameworks like Flask. In Rio you define components as simple dataclasses with a React/Flutter style build method. Rio continuously watches your attributes for changes and updates the UI as necessary.

class MyComponent(rio.Component): clicks: int = 0 def _on_press(self) -> None: self.clicks += 1 def build(self) -> rio.Component: return rio.Column( rio.Button('Click me', on_press=self._on_press), rio.Text(f'You clicked the button {self.clicks} time(s)'), ) app = rio.App(build=MyComponent) app.run_in_browser() 

Notice how there is no need for any explicit HTTP requests. In fact there isn't even a distinction between frontend and backend. Rio handles all communication transparently for you. Unlike ancient libraries like tkinter, Rio ships with over 50 builtin components in Google's Material Design. Moreover the same exact codebase can be used for both local apps and websites.

Key Features

• Full-Stack Web Development: Rio handles front-end and backend for you. In fact, you won't even notice they exist. Create your UI, and Rio will take care of the rest.
• Python Native: Rio apps are written in 100% Python, meaning you don't need to write a single line of CSS or JavaScript.
• Modern Python: We embrace modern Python features, such as type annotations and asynchrony. This keeps your code clean and maintainable, and helps your code editor help you out with code completions and type checking.
• Python Debugger Compatible: Since Rio runs on Python, you can connect directly to the running process with a debugger. This makes it easy to identify and fix bugs in your code.
• Declarative Interface: Rio apps are built using reusable components, inspired by react, flutter & vue. They're declaratively combined to create modular and maintainable UIs.
• Batteries included: Over 50 builtin components based on Google's Material Design

We welcome your thoughts and questions in the comments! If you like the project, please give it a star on GitHub to show your support and help us continue improving it.

Hi everyone! We're excited to announce that our reactive web UI framework is now public. This project has been in the works for quite some time, and we're excited to share it with you. Feel free to check it out and share your feedback!

• GitHub
• Website

There is a short coding GIF on GitHub.

What My Project Does

Rio is a brand new GUI framework designed to let you create modern web apps with just a few lines of Python. Our goal is to simplify web and app development, allowing you to focus on what matters most instead of getting stuck on complicated user interface details.
We achieve this by adhering to the core principles of Python that we all know and love. Python is meant to be simple and concise, and Rio embodies this philosophy. There's no need to learn additional languages like HTML, CSS, or JavaScript, as all UI, logic, components, and even layout are managed entirely in Python. Moreover, there's no separation between front-end and back-end; Rio transparently handles all communication for you.

Showcase

Rio doesn't just serve HTML templates like you might be used to from frameworks like Flask. In Rio you define components as simple dataclasses with a React/Flutter style build method. Rio continuously watches your attributes for changes and updates the UI as necessary.

class MyComponent(rio.Component): clicks: int = 0 def _on_press(self) -> None: self.clicks += 1 def build(self) -> rio.Component: return rio.Column( rio.Button('Click me', on_press=self._on_press), rio.Text(f'You clicked the button {self.clicks} time(s)'), ) app = rio.App(build=MyComponent) app.run_in_browser() 

Notice how there is no need for any explicit HTTP requests. In fact there isn't even a distinction between frontend and backend. Rio handles all communication transparently for you. Unlike ancient libraries like tkinter, Rio ships with over 50 builtin components in Google's Material Design. Moreover the same exact codebase can be used for both local apps and websites.

Key Features

• Full-Stack Web Development: Rio handles front-end and backend for you. In fact, you won't even notice they exist. Create your UI, and Rio will take care of the rest.
• Python Native: Rio apps are written in 100% Python, meaning you don't need to write a single line of CSS or JavaScript.
• Modern Python: We embrace modern Python features, such as type annotations and asynchrony. This keeps your code clean and maintainable, and helps your code editor help you out with code completions and type checking.
• Python Debugger Compatible: Since Rio runs on Python, you can connect directly to the running process with a debugger. This makes it easy to identify and fix bugs in your code.
• Declarative Interface: Rio apps are built using reusable components, inspired by react, flutter & vue. They're declaratively combined to create modular and maintainable UIs.
• Batteries included: Over 50 builtin components based on Google's Material Design

Target Audience

Rio is perfect for developers who want to create web apps without spending time learning new languages. It’s also ideal for those who want to build modern, professional-looking apps without stressing over the details.
We welcome your thoughts and questions in the comments! If you like the project, please give it a star on GitHub to show your support and help us continue improving it.

I ran this web app yesterday and it was working fine, The only thing that i did was add code to the TODO section as per the problem sets requirement, When I tried running it, It just won't run
Google and CS50 AI tells me to check the route which I'm pretty sure is correct and i didnt even touch them...
What could be the issue here?

import os from cs50 import SQL from flask import Flask, flash, jsonify, redirect, render_template, request, session from flask_session import Session # Configure application app = Flask(__name__) # Ensure templates are auto-reloaded app.config["TEMPLATES_AUTO_RELOAD"] = True # Configure CS50 Library to use SQLite database db = SQL("sqlite:///birthdays.db") @app.after_request def after_request(response): """Ensure responses aren't cached""" response.headers["Cache-Control"] = "no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate" response.headers["Expires"] = 0 response.headers["Pragma"] = "no-cache" return response @app.route("/", methods=["GET", "POST"]) def index(): if request.method == "POST": name = request.form.get("name") day = request.form.get("day") month = request.form.get("month") db.execute("INSERT INTO birthdays (name, month, day) VALUES (? , ? , ?)", name, month, day) #TODO: Add the user's entry into the database return redirect("/") else: bdays = db.execute("SELECT * FROM birthdays") #TODO: Display the entries in the database on index.html return render_template("index.html", birthdays = bdays) 

Here's my index.html :

        
 
Birthdays
 
 
 
 
Add a Birthday
 TODO: Create a form for users to submit a name, a month, and a day 
    Add Birthday 
 
 
 
All Birthdays
  {% for birthday in birthdays %}  TODO: Loop through the database entries to display them in this table {%endfor%} 
 
 
 
Name
 
Birthday
 
 
 
 
{{birthday.name}}
 
{{birthday.month]}}/{{birthdays.day}}
 
 
 
 
   

What i see when i click on the URL after running Flask run

A few weeks ago, someone posted a link to one of Don’s rants and I went through and commented on each of the points. I can't find that post, but I had copied it over here: https://www.reddit.com/perpetualeducation/comments/1c7k9re/donthedeveloper_on_a_rant_about_how_aspiring/
We had a chat about it. Here’s the video/podcast: -> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EHmqZkC3LqU&lc
Don titled it: There's a MASSIVE Skill Gap Among New Developers
---
I'll attempt to write a bit about that - (even though we went over many other topics - and I'm having a hard time grouping them)
It’s easy to simplify this into the market or the boot camp or the tech stack or what's fair or the resume - but I think people are missing the various multidimensional aspects at play.
Is it all of those things - and more? (Yes). And it's the student too. We're all different (cue reading rainbow moment). But it's true. Some of us are slower. Some of us are faster. Some of us are faster but miss the details. Some of us have a background that aligns neatly with tech. Some of us already know what job we want and why - and other people just want to make a good bet on a stable career. No matter what zone you're in, we still have to face the music - and deal with (trigger alert) - the truth.
The market is real. Companies aren't aggressively hiring random barely capable developers right now (like they have in the past). They're scared and holding on to their money. They also kinda realized they were spending more money on middle management and probably developers too - and are going to need some time to figure out how to make profitable businesses (or how to keep getting more VC funding to burn through).
But if there's a huge gap between your skills/experience and what it takes to do the job you're applying for, none of the other factors matter.
Many people choose a coding boot camp based on superficial factors like the price, the timeline, the website design, and the sales pitch. They often don't consider other important aspects because they simply don't know better. This isn’t unlike any other product or service or school.
Some people pick out a boot camp and learn a bunch of awesome stuff and they go out there and start a new career and for some reason, they don’t come back to Reddit to tell us about it. There are some legit colleges and boot camps and other alternative learning paths out there that are really great. It's just a fact.
If you read the bootcamp marketing, paid your tuition, went through the steps they lined out, and came out the other end unable to get that job they promised you, well - that’s awkward. Maybe for you, it’s that simple. If you feel like you got a raw deal, I’m sorry. There are some businesses that should be ashamed of themselves - but they won't be. All you can do is warn other people. That’s over now. We can only work with the present.
For people who really want to work in this industry - they'll keep moving forward. At the end of the day, this is the playing field. So, if you want to get off the bench, we’re going to have to design a path to that – and you might need to rethink some of your assumptions.
It could certainly be said that new developers are now expected to know about–and have experience with–a lot more things.
Are the expectations that someone brand new to development is going to be able to get a job unreasonable? Well, does it matter what someone’s opinion about that is? You either want the job - or you don’t. And you need to know how to do the job, or no one will hire you. Do you need to know everything on this huge list to get an entry level position https://roadmap.sh/javascript ? (no) (in fact - close that - and don’t ever look at it again)
When I started (at the age of ~30) (in ~2011), you needed to know HTML, CSS, (Probably some PhotoShop to get your assets), maybe a little PHP (and likely HTTP and more about URLs and request types and forms), FTP and DNS to get your site hosted, and maybe some JavaScript. You might have used jQuery to help out or Knockout.js. And you had to know how to hook up a database and MySQL and probably a CMS or some sort. And maybe your code was a mess or maybe it adhered to some common patterns. But that was life. Not everyone needed to know all those things. Some people would focus more on getting the mockup into the HTML and CSS. Other people might focus on the server and the PHP or Perl or Java. There were all sorts of jobs and some of them were done by people with a formal education in Computer Science studies and other people just figured it out as needed. There was a lot of work to be done. Lots of custom stuff to build and maintain. And it was just normal to learn more incrementally as the years went by. You could totally get a job knowing just HTML and CSS (and you still can BTW). There was still an infinite amount of things you could know. But it seemed to ramp up naturally because we were closer to the grain of The Web.
So, what do people learn now? (Generally) They rush through some HTML and CSS really quick (which actually teaches them more bad habits than good). They rarely learn about DNS or FTP because a tutorial showed them how to type a few random things into a terminal to have their site on a free service and they don’t buy a domain name because there’s a free subdomain. Apparently paying for anything is for suckers and companies that don't give you things for free are evil capitalistic pigs who should be shut down. New devs don’t know much about servers because their text editor is actually running an advanced web application behind the scenes that starts a virtual server and runs all sorts of other things they don’t understand outside of that context - like connecting to version control, opening a terminal pane, SSH, code completion and typeahead, autoimport completion, AI suggestions and other additional layers like typescript and many other linters to tell them where all their errors are. If they couldn't use VSCode - they might be dead in the water. It can feel like you’re just a bag of meat being yelled at by VSCode as you try and solve the errors and remove all the red lines. And we do all of these - to put the training wheels in place.
And I’m not saying that a LAMP stack doesn’t have it’s own level of black-box and mysteries with how Apache handles your HTTP requests and MySQL starts up it’s own server - but we have to be comfortable with some level of abstraction or we’d be writing all ones and zeros at the machine code level.
So, the new developer is manning this huge stack of tools unknowingly, but they do get a lot of benefits. We can spin up a pretty complex web application with a front-end to make requests, a server to talk to a database and other third-party systems and respond back to the client/front-end, and an auth layer to make sure people are properly signing in and only seeing what they need to see. There are abstractions for HTML and CSS and JS that put that template logic and controller logic into a neat little component file (which is great) and that component file is properly registered based on file name conventions and everything gets set up in this larger system of conventions that all happen behind the scenes in the framework architecture. So, as a new developer - you can really ride the framework and know hardly anything about how it works - as long as you know the language to speak to this layer of the abstraction (the API).
These aren't just arbitrary add-ons that people made to complicate things. They solve real-world problems. The new dev won't really understand what they are - but I'm not saying we should just get rid of them. They allow us to move faster and to build interfaces and business logic without having to write tons of behind the scenes repeated structural code by hand. And with those training wheels, we have more time on our hands. We can also add in the chance to further define our programs with safety measures and plan automated testing routines, and built-in documentation of our code base. We can keep adding layers and layers or pull in more and more third-party tools. It’s pretty amazing. But what people end up learning is how to maintain that configuration - and there’s only so much time - and so, they end up learning 10% of all the things you used to need/want to know. And some jobs have a path for that. But there's likely going to be a long-term cost for you.
Arguably - it doesn’t matter how much “code” you know - and making things is what matters. And that’s true. That’s what matters to the business that pays you. And to the school that wants you to feel good about your progress. But I think you should protect your learning journey. It’s for you. It’s going to be what you carry on throughout the years and it’s a seed.
Getting proficient with a popular tech stack - when the market is booming proved to be a great decision for boot camps and their students. And I'd bet that the majority of people mean well.
But when it's not booming, students are in it for the wrong reasons, schools have tightened up and moved online, the market has plenty of devs who already have 5+ years working with that framework/stack -- then all of the sudden - the surface-level fake-it-till-you-make-it path (as much as I respect that) doesn't work as well. You're going to have to put in some more energy.
When it's obvious that you can't build an HTML page with semantic markup, that's accessible, and has a universally pleasurable experience, and you can't write CSS without a UI framework or do anything custom, it's obvious. You should be aware of that gap. When you've never owned a domain name or setup a deployment pipeline, you should be aware of that gap. When your personal website looks like your boot camp gave it to you, you should be aware of how that looks. When you can't take a server-side scripting language like Python or Go or PHP and build out a little personal website framework - you should be aware of that gap. When you can't plan a project and don't have experience with diagrams and explaining things, you need to be aware of that gap. When you've never written about your process or created any case-studies to explain your projects, you should be aware of that gap. When your only proof of work is the class assignments, you should be aware of that gap. When your github history goes dead after the last day of class, you should be aware that we'll see that. When you claim to know nothing about visual design and that it's for someone else on the team - you should be aware of that gap. If you refuse to turn on your camera and just want to be left alone, you should be aware of that huge gap. If you can't build a little prototype app without React, they you probably don't JavaScript, and you should be aware of that gap. And there will ALWAYS be a gap. There's always more to learn. So - it's an important skill to know what to learn and why - and when. You can't learn everything. And if you're having a hard time finding work right now, then get clear on your goal. Stop applying for general "Software engineer" jobs you aren't ready for. Narrow your scope. Figure out a job that you think you can do confidently. Get clear on how big your gap is and what you need to learn to get centered and confident with your toolset. Ideally, it's fun. Try and ignore all the doom and gloom and focus on your own personal goal.
It's not just the market. Too many people are applying for jobs they aren't anywhere near qualified to do. And it probably doesn't feel good. But luckily - you can learn the things and get back on track.
EDIT spelling and some grammar

A friend of my friend wants to build an informational website for his business, just for online presence, no money transactions needed.
I've some core PHP and basic HTML, JavaScript, CSS experience and i know basics of hosting and domain names but this work seems too simple that I just recommend him some website builder something like wix.com to do on his own and that's the end of my talk with him?
I haven't used such website builders but i guess these platforms must have some recurring fee on top of fee for domain name and hosting they would be providing. So if he (friend's friend) wants to save some money then i download a template (or use wordpress.org), add content (his business info) to it, and upload it to any hosting provider that comes on top of Google search results? That leads me to the next question that i don't know SEO so anything i should know when choosing a template or a website builder?
For domain name i'm aware of tld-list.com and tldes.com
He may like an official email address on the domain name. I remember setting up an email address for my own domain name i had on namecheap.com but it was long time back so i may be wrong in remembering that i was only able to receive emails on that, not able to send emails from that. I guess the email needs to be set up at the hosting provider. I think it would be nice if he can send official domain emails via his Gmail, will i be able to do that without paying for Google's paid service?
In me finding this as simple as building a PowerPoint presentation i fear that being an outsider am i missing something? Thank you.

Hi, I'm new to Angular, i am supposed to make "router in submodules forChild" and use "/modulo1/child1" in the url to browse through, but the classes i am watching are using an old version of Angular and the new version is now standalone and doesn't create "app.module.ts", i know that i can create a project using "no standalone" but i want to use the new version. This is what i did in "no standalone" it works just fine, but how do i make the same thing using the standalone, without "app.module.ts" ?
child1.component.ts

import { Component } from '@angulacore'; @Component({ template: '
Child 1 Component
', selector: 'app-child1', standalone: true, imports: [], templateUrl: './child1.component.html', styleUrl: './child1.component.css' }) export class Child1Component { } 

child2.component.ts

import { Component } from '@angulacore'; @Component({ template: '
Child 2 Component
', selector: 'app-child2', standalone: true, imports: [], templateUrl: './child2.component.html', styleUrl: './child2.component.css' }) export class Child2Component { } 

modulo1.module.ts

import { NgModule } from '@angulacore'; import { CommonModule } from '@angulacommon'; import { RouterModule } from '@angularouter'; import { Child1Component } from '../components/child1/child1.component'; @NgModule({ declarations: [], imports: [CommonModule, RouterModule.forChild([ { path: 'child1', component: Child1Component } ]) ] }) export class Modulo1Module { } 

modulo2.module.ts

import { NgModule } from '@angulacore'; import { CommonModule } from '@angulacommon'; import { RouterModule } from '@angularouter'; import { Child2Component } from '../components/child2/child2.component'; @NgModule({ declarations: [], imports: [CommonModule, RouterModule.forChild([ { path: 'child2', component: Child2Component } ]) ] }) export class Modulo2Module { } 

app.module.ts

import { NgModule } from '@angulacore'; import { BrowserModule, provideClientHydration } from '@angulaplatform-browser'; import { AppRoutingModule } from './app-routing.module'; import { AppComponent } from './app.component'; import { Modulo1Module } from './modulo1/modulo1.module'; import { Modulo2Module } from './modulo2/modulo2.module'; import { RouterModule } from '@angularouter'; @NgModule({ declarations: [ AppComponent ], providers: [ provideClientHydration() ], bootstrap: [AppComponent], imports: [ BrowserModule, AppRoutingModule, Modulo1Module, Modulo2Module, RouterModule.forRoot([ { path: 'modulo1', loadChildren: () => import('./modulo1/modulo1.module').then(m => m.Modulo1Module) }, { path: 'modulo2', loadChildren: () => import('./modulo2/modulo2.module').then(m => m.Modulo2Module) }, ]), ] }) export class AppModule { } 

I've been working on the content authoring side for years at my company. Despite being hired as a frontend dev I've not seen any code except html and css. From what I understand you're supposed to have frontend write components and templates but our backend literally does everything and refuses to let frontend have any access to a dev environment. They also have control over licensing from Adobe.
So my question is, how does one get into AEM development on their own? Get starter files and dev licenses? I've been in official AEM classes and we needed a license key to even set up a local instance.

Hostinger is a popular web hosting provider known for its affordability, intuitive interface, and robust features. Whether you're starting a personal blog, an online portfolio, a small business website, or an e-commerce store, Hostinger offers the tools to get you online quickly and easily.
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Hey there, let's talk about Elementor – the game-changer in website design! It's like this super cool page builder for WordPress that lets you whip up awesome websites like a pro, without breaking a sweat. We're diving into what makes Elementor tick, all the cool features it's got, and why it's totally changed the game for web design. Get ready to be amazed!
What is Elementor ? Elementor is like the ultimate cheat code for building awesome websites on WordPress. It's this rad drag-and-drop page builder that lets you customize your site without having to know any fancy coding stuff. It hit the scene back in 2016 and quickly became a favorite among folks who want to make killer websites without all the hassle. It's super easy to use, packed with tons of cool features, and has a massive library of design stuff to play around with. It's basically every website builder's dream come true!
Features and Functionality:
Check out what Elementor brings to the table:
Drag-and-Drop Editor: No coding needed! Elementor's drag-and-drop editor lets you design your site right before your eyes. Just grab stuff from the sidebar and drop it wherever you want on the page for a killer layout.
Customizable Widgets: You've got a ton of widgets to play with – text, images, buttons, sliders, you name it. And the best part? You can tweak everything from fonts and colors to spacing and animations to make them totally your own.
Template Library: Say goodbye to boring templates! Elementor hooks you up with a bunch of pre-designed templates for all parts of your site – headers, footers, pages, you name it. Just pick one that fits your vibe and customize it to match your style.
Responsive Design: Your site needs to look good on every device, right? With Elementor, you can create designs that look awesome on desktops, tablets, and phones without breaking a sweat.
Theme Builder: Forget messing around with extra plugins – Elementor's got you covered with its Theme Builder feature. Design custom headers, footers, and more right from the Elementor interface for total control over your site's look.
Global Widgets and Styles: Want to keep things consistent across your whole site? Elementor's got your back with global widgets and styles. Create once, use everywhere – easy peasy!
Elementor requires reliable web hosting to ensure smooth operation; a slow server can significantly impact your website's speed. Let's explore the articles on this topic: Best web hosting according to reddit.
Benefits of Using Elementor:
Here's why Elementor is awesome:

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Hi all, I'm trying to automate an emailing system for OTP verification but am running into some trouble. Below is my code, in it's respective files.
In models.py:

from django.db import models from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser, User from django.db.models.signals import post_save from django.dispatch import receiver # Create your models here. class UserProfile(models.Model): user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE) otp = models.CharField(max_length=6, blank=True) otp_expiry_time = models.DateTimeField(blank=True, null=True) class AdditionalData(models.Model): user_profile = models.OneToOneField(UserProfile, on_delete=models.CASCADE) firstname = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True) lastname = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True) dateofbirth = models.DateField(null=True, blank=True) phone_no = models.CharField(max_length=20, blank=True) country_origin = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True) city_origin = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True) u/receiver(post_save, sender=User) def create_user_profile(sender, instance, created, **kwargs): if created: UserProfile.objects.create(user=instance) @receiver(post_save, sender=User) def save_user_profile(sender, instance, **kwargs): instance.userprofile.save() 

In views.py:

from django.shortcuts import render, redirect, HttpResponse from django.contrib.auth.models import User from django.contrib.auth import authenticate, login from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required from datetime import timedelta from django.utils import timezone from django.core.mail import send_mail from rest_framework import status from rest_framework.decorators import api_view, permission_classes from rest_framework.permissions import AllowAny from rest_framework.response import Response from .serializers import UserProfileSerializer from .models import UserProfile, AdditionalData from rest_framework_simplejwt.tokens import RefreshToken from .generate_random_digits import generate_random_digits def sign_up(request): if request.method == 'POST': username = request.POST.get('username') email = request.POST.get('email') pass1 = request.POST.get('password1') pass2 = request.POST.get('password2') User.objects.create_user(username, email, pass1).save() return redirect('login') return render(request, 'main/signup.html') def login1(request): if request.method == "POST": username = request.POST.get('username') pass1 = request.POST.get('pass') user = authenticate(request, username=username, password=pass1) if user is not None: if user.last_login is None: user.last_login = timezone.now() user.save() login(request, user) return redirect('firstlogin') else: user_profile = UserProfile.objects.get(user=user) verification_code = generate_random_digits() user_profile.otp = verification_code user_profile.otp_expiry_time = timezone.now() + timedelta(minutes=15) user_profile.save() send_mail( 'Verification Code', f'Your verification code is: {verification_code}', 'from@gmail.com', [request.user.email], fail_silently=False, ) return redirect('otp') else: error_message = "Invalid username or password" return render(request, 'main/login.html', {'error_message': error_message}) return render(request, 'main/login.html') def verify(request): username = request.data.get('username') password = request.data.get('password') otp = request.data.get('otp') user = authenticate(request, username=username, password=password) if user is not None: user_profile = UserProfile.objects.get(user=user) if ( user_profile.verification_code == otp and user_profile.otp_expiry_time is not None and user_profile.otp_expiry_time > timezone.now() ): login(request, user) refresh = RefreshToken.for_user(user) access_token = str(refresh.access_token) user_profile.otp = '' user_profile.otp_expiry_time = None user_profile.save() return Response({'access_token': access_token, 'refresh_token': str(refresh)}, status=status.HTTP_200_OK) return Response({'detail': 'Invalid verification code or credentials.'}, status=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED) @login_required def firstlogin(request): if request.method == "POST": user = request.user try: additional_data = AdditionalData.objects.get(user_profile__user=user) except AdditionalData.DoesNotExist: additional_data = AdditionalData.objects.create(user_profile=UserProfile.objects.get(user=user)) additional_data.firstname = request.POST.get('FirstName') additional_data.lastname = request.POST.get('LastName') date_str = f"{request.POST.get('dob-year')}-{request.POST.get('dob-month')}-{request.POST.get('dob-day')}" try: additional_data.dateofbirth = date_str except ValueError: return HttpResponse('Invalid date format') additional_data.phone_no = request.POST.get('PhoneNumber') additional_data.country_origin = request.POST.get('Country') additional_data.city_origin = request.POST.get('City') additional_data.save() return HttpResponse('WORKED') return render(request, 'main/firstlogin.html') @login_required def home(response): return render(response, 'main/landing_page.html') def otp(response): return render(response, 'main/otp.html') 

In settings.py:

""" Django settings for mysite project. Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 4.2.6. For more information on this file, see https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/topics/settings/ For the full list of settings and their values, see https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/settings/ """ from pathlib import Path import os # Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'. BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent # Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production # See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/howto/deployment/checklist/ # SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret! SECRET_KEY = '#####...' # SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production! DEBUG = True ALLOWED_HOSTS = [] # Application definition INSTALLED_APPS = [ 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'main.apps.MainConfig', ] MIDDLEWARE = [ 'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware', 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware', 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware', 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware', 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware', 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware', ] ROOT_URLCONF = 'mysite.urls' TEMPLATES = [ { 'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates', 'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')], 'APP_DIRS': True, 'OPTIONS': { 'context_processors': [ 'django.template.context_processors.debug', 'django.template.context_processors.request', 'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth', 'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages', ], }, }, ] EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.smtp.EmailBackend' EMAIL_HOST = 'smtp.gmail.com' EMAIL_PORT = 587 EMAIL_USE_TLS = True EMAIL_HOST_USER = 'from@gmail.com' EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = '############' WSGI_APPLICATION = 'mysite.wsgi.application' # Database # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/settings/#databases DATABASES = { 'default': { 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3', 'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3', } } # Password validation # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [ { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator', }, { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator', }, { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator', }, { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator', }, ] # Internationalization # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/topics/i18n/ LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us' TIME_ZONE = 'UTC' USE_I18N = True USE_TZ = True # Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images) # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/howto/static-files/ STATIC_URL = 'static/' # Default primary key field type # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/settings/#default-auto-field DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField' 

otp.html:

TLDR:
The problems are as follows:

• 4 verification codes were sent b2b2b2b on the first try
• No longer receiving any emails
• The otp.html redirect after entering the code doesn't work

So I'm trying to make a stock location label template where I have the following line:
{{ location.name }} {{ location.description }}
I would like to scale the font size so that this line always takes up the entire width of the label, but I can't find a good way to do that. Can't use css calc, can't figure out how to calculate it with django template stuff or the report filters. Beginning to think I need to make a custom mixin.
Any advice?

Hi all, I'm trying to automate an emailing system for OTP verification but am running into some trouble. Below is my code, in it's respective files.
In models.py:

from django.db import models from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser, User from django.db.models.signals import post_save from django.dispatch import receiver # Create your models here. class UserProfile(models.Model): user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE) otp = models.CharField(max_length=6, blank=True) otp_expiry_time = models.DateTimeField(blank=True, null=True) class AdditionalData(models.Model): user_profile = models.OneToOneField(UserProfile, on_delete=models.CASCADE) firstname = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True) lastname = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True) dateofbirth = models.DateField(null=True, blank=True) phone_no = models.CharField(max_length=20, blank=True) country_origin = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True) city_origin = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True) @receiver(post_save, sender=User) def create_user_profile(sender, instance, created, **kwargs): if created: UserProfile.objects.create(user=instance) @receiver(post_save, sender=User) def save_user_profile(sender, instance, **kwargs): instance.userprofile.save() 

In views.py:

from django.shortcuts import render, redirect, HttpResponse from django.contrib.auth.models import User from django.contrib.auth import authenticate, login from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required from datetime import timedelta from django.utils import timezone from django.core.mail import send_mail from rest_framework import status from rest_framework.decorators import api_view, permission_classes from rest_framework.permissions import AllowAny from rest_framework.response import Response from .serializers import UserProfileSerializer from .models import UserProfile, AdditionalData from rest_framework_simplejwt.tokens import RefreshToken from .generate_random_digits import generate_random_digits def sign_up(request): if request.method == 'POST': username = request.POST.get('username') email = request.POST.get('email') pass1 = request.POST.get('password1') pass2 = request.POST.get('password2') User.objects.create_user(username, email, pass1).save() return redirect('login') return render(request, 'main/signup.html') def login1(request): if request.method == "POST": username = request.POST.get('username') pass1 = request.POST.get('pass') user = authenticate(request, username=username, password=pass1) if user is not None: if user.last_login is None: user.last_login = timezone.now() user.save() login(request, user) return redirect('firstlogin') else: user_profile = UserProfile.objects.get(user=user) verification_code = generate_random_digits() user_profile.otp = verification_code user_profile.otp_expiry_time = timezone.now() + timedelta(minutes=15) user_profile.save() send_mail( 'Verification Code', f'Your verification code is: {verification_code}', 'from@gmail.com', [request.user.email], fail_silently=False, ) return redirect('otp') else: error_message = "Invalid username or password" return render(request, 'main/login.html', {'error_message': error_message}) return render(request, 'main/login.html') def verify(request): username = request.data.get('username') password = request.data.get('password') otp = request.data.get('otp') user = authenticate(request, username=username, password=password) if user is not None: user_profile = UserProfile.objects.get(user=user) if ( user_profile.verification_code == otp and user_profile.otp_expiry_time is not None and user_profile.otp_expiry_time > timezone.now() ): login(request, user) refresh = RefreshToken.for_user(user) access_token = str(refresh.access_token) user_profile.otp = '' user_profile.otp_expiry_time = None user_profile.save() return Response({'access_token': access_token, 'refresh_token': str(refresh)}, status=status.HTTP_200_OK) return Response({'detail': 'Invalid verification code or credentials.'}, status=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED) @login_required def firstlogin(request): if request.method == "POST": user = request.user try: additional_data = AdditionalData.objects.get(user_profile__user=user) except AdditionalData.DoesNotExist: additional_data = AdditionalData.objects.create(user_profile=UserProfile.objects.get(user=user)) additional_data.firstname = request.POST.get('FirstName') additional_data.lastname = request.POST.get('LastName') date_str = f"{request.POST.get('dob-year')}-{request.POST.get('dob-month')}-{request.POST.get('dob-day')}" try: additional_data.dateofbirth = date_str except ValueError: return HttpResponse('Invalid date format') additional_data.phone_no = request.POST.get('PhoneNumber') additional_data.country_origin = request.POST.get('Country') additional_data.city_origin = request.POST.get('City') additional_data.save() return HttpResponse('WORKED') return render(request, 'main/firstlogin.html') @login_required def home(response): return render(response, 'main/landing_page.html') def otp(response): return render(response, 'main/otp.html') 

In settings.py:

""" Django settings for mysite project. Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 4.2.6. For more information on this file, see https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/topics/settings/ For the full list of settings and their values, see https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/settings/ """ from pathlib import Path import os # Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'. BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent # Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production # See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/howto/deployment/checklist/ # SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret! SECRET_KEY = '#####...' # SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production! DEBUG = True ALLOWED_HOSTS = [] # Application definition INSTALLED_APPS = [ 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'main.apps.MainConfig', ] MIDDLEWARE = [ 'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware', 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware', 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware', 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware', 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware', 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware', ] ROOT_URLCONF = 'mysite.urls' TEMPLATES = [ { 'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates', 'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')], 'APP_DIRS': True, 'OPTIONS': { 'context_processors': [ 'django.template.context_processors.debug', 'django.template.context_processors.request', 'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth', 'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages', ], }, }, ] EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.smtp.EmailBackend' EMAIL_HOST = 'smtp.gmail.com' EMAIL_PORT = 587 EMAIL_USE_TLS = True EMAIL_HOST_USER = 'from@gmail.com' EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = '############' WSGI_APPLICATION = 'mysite.wsgi.application' # Database # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/settings/#databases DATABASES = { 'default': { 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3', 'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3', } } # Password validation # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [ { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator', }, { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator', }, { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator', }, { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator', }, ] # Internationalization # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/topics/i18n/ LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us' TIME_ZONE = 'UTC' USE_I18N = True USE_TZ = True # Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images) # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/howto/static-files/ STATIC_URL = 'static/' # Default primary key field type # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/settings/#default-auto-field DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField' 

otp.html:

TLDR:
The problems are as follows:

• 4 verification codes were sent b2b2b2b on the first try
  
• No longer receiving any emails
  
• The otp.html redirect after entering the code doesn't work
  

Understanding HTML Email Design Challenges in Outlook

Email marketing is a pivotal aspect of digital communication strategies, often leveraging HTML templates to create visually appealing and engaging messages. However, designers frequently encounter challenges when ensuring these emails display correctly across different email clients, with Outlook being particularly notorious for its rendering issues. Among these, setting the background color in HTML email templates can be problematic, leading to inconsistencies that detract from the intended user experience. This hurdle stems from Outlook's use of Microsoft Word's rendering engine, which interprets HTML and CSS differently than web browsers and other email clients.
To navigate these challenges, it's essential to understand the nuances of Outlook's rendering engine and the specific CSS properties it supports. Crafting emails that look consistent across all platforms requires a blend of technical knowledge, creativity, and a keen eye for detail. This introduction aims to shed light on why background color issues occur in Outlook and provide a foundation for exploring solutions that ensure your emails look as intended, regardless of the client. With the right approach, overcoming these obstacles is not only possible but can significantly enhance the effectiveness of your email marketing campaigns.

Command/Property	Description
VML (Vector Markup Language)	Used to specify graphical elements in XML. Essential for Outlook background compatibility.
CSS Background Properties	Standard CSS properties to define the background of HTML elements. Includes color, image, position, and repeat settings.
Conditional Comments	Used to target HTML/CSS code specifically to Outlook email clients.

In-depth Analysis of Outlook's Background Color Dilemma

Email marketers and web designers often face significant challenges when creating HTML email templates that are compatible across different email clients. Outlook, in particular, has been a source of frustration due to its unique rendering engine. Unlike most email clients that use web-based rendering engines, Outlook uses the Word rendering engine, which can lead to discrepancies in how HTML and CSS are interpreted, especially concerning background colors and images. This difference means that techniques that work flawlessly in web browsers and other email clients may not work in Outlook, leading to emails that look different than intended. This inconsistency can undermine the effectiveness of email campaigns, as the visual aspect of an email plays a crucial role in engaging recipients and conveying the message.
To address these issues, developers have come up with various workarounds and best practices. One such solution involves using Vector Markup Language (VML) for defining background properties in emails intended for Outlook. VML is a Microsoft-specific XML language that allows for the inclusion of vector graphic definitions directly in HTML emails. By leveraging VML, designers can ensure that their emails display consistently in Outlook, with the intended background colors and images appearing as expected. Additionally, conditional comments are used to target Outlook clients specifically, ensuring that these VML-based styles do not affect the email’s appearance in other clients. Understanding and implementing these techniques is essential for creating engaging and visually consistent emails across all platforms, helping businesses and marketers to maintain a professional image in their email communications.

Fixing Background Color in Outlook Emails

HTML & VML Coding

[if gte mso 9]>     Your email content here...