See words and translations for the past 24 hours below.

English	French	German	Italian	Portuguese	Spanish
relate	lie	erzählt	Missing?	relatar	narra
document	document	das Dokument, dokumentieren	documento	documento	documento
prospect	perspective	Missing?	prospettiva	perspetiva	perspectiva
escape	Missing?	abhauen/ausbrechen	fuga	escapar	evasión
fabric	tissu	Material, Stoff, Gewebe	tessuto	tecido	tejido
offer	Offrir	anbieten (v.) / das Angebot (n.)	offerta / offrire	oferecer	ofrecer
directly	Directement	Missing?	direttamente	diretamente	directamente
brief	bref	kurz, informieren	Missing?	breve	breve
touch	touché	die Berührung	tocco	toque	tacto,tocar
alternative	alternatif	die Alternative	alternativa	alternativa	alternativo
involution	involution	die Involution	involuzione	involução	involución
overwhelm	accable	überwältigen	travolgere	sobrecarregar	abruma

Report any incorrect translations @ https://wordofthehour.org/translations
Thank you for all of your help and support!

English	French	German	Italian	Portuguese	Spanish
document	document	das Dokument, dokumentieren	documento	documento	documento
fabric	tissu	Material, Stoff, Gewebe	tessuto	tecido	tejido
offer	Offrir	anbieten (v.) / das Angebot (n.)	offerta / offrire	oferecer	ofrecer
touch	touché	die Berührung	tocco	toque	tacto,tocar
alternative	alternatif	die Alternative	alternativa	alternativa	alternativo
involution	involution	die Involution	involuzione	involução	involución
overwhelm	accable	überwältigen	travolgere	sobrecarregar	abruma
expense	dépense	die Kosten, die Spesen	spesa	custo	gasto
arrangement	accord	die Anordnung	accordo	arranjo	arreglo
balloon	un ballon	der Ballon	palloncino	balão	globo
permission	permission	die Erlaubnis	permesso	permissão	permiso
circumstance	circonstance	der Umstand	circostanza	circunstância	circunstancia
courage	valeur	der Mut	valore	coragem	valor
small	Petit	klein	piccolo	pequeno	pequeño
taste	goût	der Geschmack	gusto	gosto	gusto
uneven	Inégal	ungerade	disuguale/diseguale/dispari	irregular	irregular
cement	ciment	der Zement, zementieren	cemento	cimento	cemento
pause	pause	die Pause	pausa	pausa	pausa

Translations are provided by Word_of_The_Hour subreddit.
Please let them know if you have any corrections or suggestions!
Thank you for all of your help and support!

TL;DR: I'm looking for a better, more formal, and more polite way to describe a "prick." Someone who is purposely distasteful, obnoxious, underhanded, mean, etc.
I have a theory-- whether correct or incorrect-- that "asshole" and "bitch" are gendered adjectives.
A highly unpleasant man is an "asshole," and a highly unpleasant woman is a "bitch." A highly unpleasant man would never be called a "bitch" and a highly unpleasant woman would never be called an "asshole."
When an asshole is more than an asshole (a rather intentional asshole), he's a "prick." And when a bitch is more than a bitch (a rather intentional bitch), she's a "cunt."
If anyone has seen the movie Weird Science, there is a great scene in which Lisa (played by the lovely Kelly LeBrock) asks Chet why he has to be such a "wanker" all the time. Chet (played by the unforgettable Bill Paxton) responds with a laugh, "Because I get off on it!" Meaning, he enjoys being an asshole and that makes him a prick (or a "wanker").
There is something about the word "prick" I find interesting an alluring. The closest word I've found to "prick" which is similar, is a "jagoff." It's a stellar word originating from Pittsburg. But it's still rumored to be based on the word "jack off" which is unacceptable for use in formal or polite company, and a jagoff is also often a foolish person, a buffoon. Pricks are smart, or at least deliberate and intentional, so I don't think jagoff is a good synonym.
What say you all? Is there a more cultivated and dignified word or phrase for the word "prick?"

I saw another post that said the same but they didn't go into any detail. The way she has to go from person to person fixing their life. It's a way to distract herself from the reality of her situation. By her being a miracle worker to everyone around her, it gives her a grandiose sense of self. People need her in their life yadda yadda as I think I remember her freaking out a few times. She is oblivious to a lot of things important to a lot of people and really only cares about what gets the ball rolling or what will save her personal relationships. With narcissists, they need to be fed validation for their social work and power. If they don't, they collapse and fall into a depression. With Scientology, the leader would fall into these pits of sadness when he wasn't doing some tour of message. Princess Carolyn has perfectly crafted the world around her to rely on her. I forget about the relationship with Todd but there might be something there about her needing someone to rely on her at her own home to feel wanted (then translating into a baby and the entire topic of narcissistic parents. Her mom was quite clearly a narcissist even going to create a legend about a necklace for literally no reason.
Even reading the wikipedia on her and her mom which essentially boils down to (for my point needed) about how she developed a workaholic attitude taking care of her mom and all her needs.
I think if you put the lenses on a lot of her relationships and ask: Does she care about this person or does she care about this persons approval. I feel like she is essentially an activist for attention, not for cause.
She broke up with bojack but changed the lenses to being an agent and that perfectly allowed her to take care of him again if I remember correctly
There is a scene where she needs to be calmed down by that rabbit dude. The scene is about her feeding into her Storyline Fever about how she will eventually win and this is just some hurdle that she will eventually overcome. I don't know. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hOdN3fbec9g movie star speech sounds like narcissist speech. If you say right before this scene in your head, "Okay mr Rutabega, make this narcissistic person who had a bad day feel better'" It offers no help other than to validate their sense of superiority
one of my theories is that a lot of people don't want to call out some characters because they would be calling out themselves. The same people who live as Princess Carolyns in their heads probably wouldn't want to condemn her and put a harsh lense on her just like people who think they're heisenberg don't want to examine the shitty things he did (so they smooth over those issues and normalize / forget them) and they lose self awareness while they absorb those shitty qualities. It's why I actually hate Bojack fans because I think everyone on this show has flaws and so many bojack fans think there is at least one golden character. Every character enables the other to do something shitty and they all hide in someone doing something worse to ignore a less shitty situation that happened. (sorry if this last part made no sense. I'm now a bit drunk typing this and my words aren't coming to me as well so heres a rant)
I might edit more onto this later but it was just some ideas I had that I couldn't share anywhere because none of my friends talk about Bojack. I was also kind of
oh yeah narcissists usually come from an abused child who feels inferior and they develop narcissism to basically give their now fragile ego a defense. PC had no mom essentially until she wanted to leave and her mom just fed into how much she was needed. They lived right beside a mansion of foxes who when entangled with, instantly gives PC a submissive and inferior role in the family to the freedom she had. Along with losing a child and just not being good enough to be in their family on her own graces.
I saw a comment about how there is no other character who cares this much about their heritage (hers being feline). I'm not calling her racist. Racists are usually narcissists because they feel inferior and have to cling onto something that is better to them to give them a purpose, superiority, and a sense of self. Tribalism is quite narcisistic. Out of all the characters on the show, PC is the only one to show some sense of tribalism from the main cast (except for Ralph as secondary who she can't stand right after the family being a bunch of tribally aware rats). Drunk on this one too but I feel like there is something here

Based on some recent discussion in another thread, it seems like a lot of people haven't heard about the current scientific evidence regarding physical activity and energy expenditure. The results are highly counterintuitive, and also contrary to common cultural assumptions, so I think a lot of people react with disbelief. The best-known scientist working on this is Herman Pontzer.
popular-level article: https://www.science.org/content/article/scientist-busts-myths-about-how-humans-burn-calories-and-why
review article by Pontzer, 2018, Energy Constraint as a Novel Mechanism Linking Exercise and Health, https://journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/physiol.00027.2018?cookieSet=1
interview with Pontzer: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=04cP4jcDfB8
Although I normally prefer to get my information from written words rather than videos, the interview was actually really nice because it explored the science from the point of view of endurance athletes. If you don't want to listen to the whole thing, which is over an hour long, here are a few spots where they talked about running:
10:20 -- ultramarathoners; there has to be a limit to compensation
12:20 -- race across the USA, foot version of RAM
13:51 ... by the end of the race, their energy expenditure was 600 cal/day less than expected based on energy expenditure; so yes, there are limits to compensation, but this is a pretty high ceiling
17:57 -- compensation is delayed; weight-loss studies always just follow people for a short time; race across USA showed no compensation for first week
43:05 -- run 10 miles a day, 7 days a week; can your body compensate?; suppose max compensation is 600 kcal/day, running is 1000 kcal/day; then to maintain body weight, you'd have to eat an extra 400 kcal/day

Hello everyone, I'm here not as the mind, not as the soul but just as me. Please know that I am not speaking from a place of judgment nor do I mean to discourage anyone from continuing their practice and meditation. I don't want to mince words here either so I'll get straight to the point. Ever since the beginning of this semester I had been trying my best to stay dettached from my peers since I'm a psych major and I struggle with ADHD and rejection sensitve dysphoria (RSD). For those of you who do not know Psych is a predominantly female major and RSD is a very difficult thing to deal with especially when you're surrounded by attractive females. I had problems with oversharing and getting attached too easily which quickly lead to my suffering time and time again. This time while using a mushroom coffee which helped me stay focus and memory I was able to refrain from becoming attached to my team mates for my research paper, however I soon learned recently that while trying to detach from my mind and negative thoughts that come with it I inadvertently started to detach from love itself. I had a "clear mind" for some time and I was getting closer and closer to Buddhism as I read more about it and practiced dettachment from my desires.
Now, just yesterday I realized that I couldn't feel anything really. I felt like love and empathy had disappeared and my efforts to be non-self or a soul was just creating what I now call a "luminescent alter-ego". This ignorance was becoming my undoing and now after making that realization I hope that others can also realize that nothing other than love is important. What I mean by this is that love should ALWAYS come first and then whatever else you learn from nonduality or whichever Spiritual philosophy should come after. You are not the mind, you are not soley the spirit, and you are most certainly not soley the body. You can choose whatever you identify with but in truth you have to be all of these things together to be a human being. You will gain nothing if there is no balance between these things and being a body does not mean the same thing as being a pleasure seeking animal. Being the mind doeos not mean being a selfish egotistical maniac or calous person. These are not equivocal. As long as there is classifications then it will never be the true way.
Love is the only thing that cannot truly ever be classified or measured so it can never be separate from YOU. This is because truly we as human beings are LOVE. That is why you see the heart chakra symbol (hexagram) repeat in all different sorts of religions like Judaism, Christianity, and the same hand gestures or mudras in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Chrisitanity. You are that which you are. "I am that I am". L-O-V-E. The mind cannot tell the truth because it only sees itself as what it believes itself to be, the heart does not need to believe if you have faith in yourself as a loving entity and a spiritual being that shares that love with others. What is the point of all these efforts to quiet the mind and be non-self if you get hurt in the process? Nothing good will come of it. It may hurt and it may be painful but it is true that love conquers over all. I believe it was U.G. Krishnamutri that was talking about how both the West and the East are just as equally mistaken. Nothing can truly be stated other that what you intepret it as. What I think he means by this is that there are no conclusions. Only your own experience and understanding from within can show you the truth. That truth comes from your own inner wisdom and love.

I grew up in a really toxic household where lots of nasty things were said. It gave me really “thick skin.” it also numbed me to the point where I would say stuff thinking it’s normal or not hurtful when in reality it’s probably super rude.
My gf on the other hand, words mean everything. Especially from me. Her love language is words of affirmation and I’m really bad at it. I keep making her cry by saying random stuff out of pocket, which seems nothing to me, but everything to her. An example: my gf was talking about how I probably would stock her if we never dated. I replied “you need to humble yourself, bc you’re not that pretty to be stocked.” I meant it as a joke and didn’t think too much about it. She ended up crying and didn’t want to speak. There’s other times where i have said stuff not knowing how hurtful it is. I called her “fake” for some reason one time and she ended up crying. I just want to know what are some stuff that’s should never be said to a gf? I really don’t want to disrespect my gf, especially by accident. What are some stuff that is considered disrespectful? And if I do say it by accident, how should I make it up? What should I say to make it up? Side note: I have never done anything disrespectful physically. It’s always by SAYING stupid shit.
TL;DR I keep making my gf cry by saying stuff out of pocket. For me, action speak louder than words. For her, words are everything. So I accidentally say stuff which doesn’t seem bad to me, but it really hurts my gf. What are some stuff that should never be said to a gf? If I do say it, what can I say AND do to make up for it?

Somebody requested that I write down some resources for Dzogchen in the sidebar, so I thought I would do a post as well to give a sort of background and offer anyone else the chance to get in on the conversation or building of resources too...
But first,

A Word on Secrecy, Safety Maturity, and Cults

I'm writing this post out by request of someone who messaged me, with the intention of reaching a wider audience, or all beings, who could benefit from learning about these teachings. I have to caution, though, that they may not be for everybody, and in that regard, I would advise gentleness, with yourself and others, with regards to this path. Please take care of yourself, and keep a measure of your own mind with regard to your mental health and these practices. I wish that those who read this post are only those who it may help, and I apologize preemptively to all those it may hurt, or if I've made any mistakes in my writing.
With that in mind, I can maybe share a little bit about the secrecy aspect of what is called Vajrayana. Someone who learns about these practices but does not genuinely practice them can generate obstacles to their own awakening; specifically with Dzogchen, there is a real danger of intellectualizing the practice such that one covers over their own mind with a sheen of thoughts and fabrication, blocking one from advancing towards awakening. In that regard, this particular practice is called self secret. From what I know, many Lamas won't introduce one to the practice if they aren't sure the student has the capability to grasp it, and also - the student won't be able to practice it or understand it if they're not able to. But, to give some background, from what I understand the strongest indicator of capability to practice Dzogchen, is an interest in doing so.
On the subject of cults - I have to note that Dzogchen practice can be very personal, but that is not a license for any teacher to abuse you, in any form, ever. Things that happened in the past - students getting slapped, hit with shoes, etc. - happened in the past - but that doesn't make them appropriate teachings devices today. A genuinely compassionate teacher won't take advantage of your practice to abuse you, steal your money, degrade you, control you, or anything like that. If they try to - it is more likely that you've stumbled on a cult, and should get away as fast as you can.
As for what makes a good teacher - others have asked this question before, and u/krodha in particular has written out a good description many times, although I can't find the quote he usually uses unfortunately.
As far as general safety in the practice goes, Lama Lena has written this (and I'm shamelessly stealing it from her website):
"The responsibility to take care of your own mind rests with you; not the lama, not your mom, not your cat. So, take it upon yourself to be safe and use common sense."
Please, read that whole page and heed the warnings.

My Practice

I've been working with Dzogchen for about 3.5 years now, since approximately the end of 2020. I'd been interested in Mahayana practices for the better part of a decade before that, but mostly just practicing Samatha by the way of Anapanasati and Metta, and also through the framework provided by *The Mind Illuminated*. I had been curious about Dzogchen for a bit, mostly from reading about it on Wikipedia and just, in general, being interested in seeing what the fuss is surrounding vajrayana, tantra, and the "highest system" called Atiyoga.
By chance, I happened to see a comment on Dzogchen from someone who basically said "If anyone is looking for pointing out, feel free to message me." So I sent them a message giving my general background and motivation for the practice, and they invited me to join them on meditationonline.org - which had been a place they'd been doing meditation for a few years (and still do, I suppose I'd consider myself part of that sangha). I happened to meet the individual who I'd been messaging, a Nyingma lama called Dawai Gocha, and received pointing out, along with teachings for the next few years... up until the present day.
My main practice now is Dzogchen - I gradually transitioned into this from Anapanasati over the course of about six months - and most of my sessions are now just me resting in awareness - Rigpa. I generally do augment this however with other practices, like Satipatthana, mantra recitation, and other practices from the three main vehicles, simply because I like to do them and find them helpful on the path.

What is Dzogchen?

I can't say anything that has not already been said by others, in particular, meditation masters with vastly more experience than I have - but to put it simply, Dzogchen practice can encompass a large number of different types of ancillary practices, and one central practice, which the ancillaries are meant to accomplish. The main practice is resting in the Rigpa.

How to Learn

"Get pointing out instructions from a qualified teacher before embarking on Dzogchen and Mahamudra. A teacher can address pressing questions as they arise and give you a map and tools for the journey. As practitioners, we can rely on those who have hiked the trail before us." - Lama Lena
Since the awareness nature is always present in every being, it is both simple to learn and simple to maintain the practice - being that one just simply is introduced to the awareness nature, and then abides in it at all times.
As far as being introduced to that awareness, in my experience there are many avenues, such as getting pointed out in person( verbally or non verbally), in visions, through texts, in dreams, etc. In one of her videos, Lama Lena goes through, I think, five different days that transmission/pointing out can happen.
But in my experience, getting pointing out, repeatedly and periodically, from a teacher is the most effective (and probably the most important) way to learn, like having someone coach you through riding a bicycle, until you finally internalize the fundamentals and are able ride on your own. Even someone that can check your progress, humble you, and keep you from common pitfalls, can be extremely helpful. Dzogchen, to me and from what I have read from e.g. Tulku Urgyen, is very simple, so simple that many people are able to miss it extremely easily. Whether we miss it because we're so worked up, or because we are subtly fabricating something and fixating on the fabrication - there is a miss, and from what I know, it's better to realize that than carry on doing whatever else. The harsh reality of Dzogchen practice is that fixation, because we're so habituated to it as human beings, is extremely easy, and being led astray by fixation means your meditation becomes a conditioned Samatha practice. On a lighter note though - from my perspective, one we learn to continually distinguish between Consciousness from Wisdom, we are on very solid ground, and it becomes easier and easier to recognize when we've become fixated.
On the subject of teachers - I would consider myself to have had many teachers. My main teacher, I mentioned before, is a lama I talk to live over the internet, but I would also say I've received teachings from recordings, from books, and in dreams. For clarity, I will state again: having a teacher that you can use to verify your practice is very important so as not to fall into common pitfalls. Whether you are confirming your experience through texts, reasoning, pointing out videos, whatever - doing it repeatedly will help because otherwise, as a beginner, one can be lost for minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, etc. without finding awareness again. I've seen people on Dzogchen who, unfortunately, even though they got pointing out from great teachers, were not able to full internalize the practice because they got lost in thoughts and then never were able to find recognize awareness again, and so need the pointing out once more. Others get the pointing out repeatedly - practice a lot, and attain good results over time. In that way, from my perspective, having continual access to the teachings is very important.
Fortunately, we live in a good time for this.
I'll get to recommend specifics later but - this is my perspective - although some people say that you can't get transmission over recordings or the internet, or from books - I actually do doubt that that is that case, just from experience. But, I must caution that all of my experience in this realm comes from after the point in time that I received live pointing out, so I would not take what I say as gospel. Once again, anything I say would defer to a knowledge and reputable teacher.
This all being said - regardless of how one feels at a specific time or place, there's no reason to ever refrain from confirming one's experience or view against the words of masters. There are others that have said this, who have more experience, but until we are Buddhas ourselves and phenomena have exhausted, there is no reason to ever stop practicing. Ever. If you are practicing, there is no need to make effort, and all phenomena will come and go without trouble until they are fully exhausted. Namkhai Norbu says almost exactly this in The Cycle of Day and Night.

Finding A Teacher - Resources

"Do not expect to travel this path guided only by books and the internet! Use the internet to find a teacher, then connect with them." - Lama Lena
It's taken a while to get here, my apologies for that.
For finding a teacher, I think any lama that has accomplished a three year retreat will be proficient in either Mahamudra or Dzogchen (both Atiyoga - subtle differenes but the same essential practice), and will likely be able to give pointing out instructions.
Not all may do so at first. Some may want a more personal relationship, some may require Ngondro, and some may say "sorry I don't really give those teachings". Some may require a baseline knowledge of the practice first - for example the Tergar program does.
That being said, there are many places to receive pointing out for free and in public.
Off the top of my head, I can name four that are always open and free: Lama Lena on Facebook and Youtube, The Rangdrol Foundation (run by the reddit user u/jigdrol), MeditationOnline.org, and The Pristine Mind Foundation . I know there are others, but at least to me on reddit and personally, these have been the most visible. I do know that Yongey Mingyur Rinpoche and James Low occasionally give pointing out instructions and videos on the practice. As well - many other lama do on occasion, and especially Bon lamas - practitioners and Yogis from the Tibetan Indigenous religion, through teachings series or classes. Some may even do so if you are able to get a phone call with them.
Personally, I recommend finding someone who you can learn from personally, and allowing them to teach you whatever they can.
Edit: Here is a recent list of online teachers compiled by Dzogchen
Lama Lena Dzogchen Youtube Videos
Lama Lena Introductory Videos
Meditation Online Videos (Almost all Dzogchen)
Once you've received pointing out, there are also numerous public books, and texts one can read to deepen their understanding and/or background in the teachings, a few of which I've read and can list below. I'll also try to find some links that I care share too.
Many texts on Dzogchen, Mahyana and Vajrayana in general can be found on the excellent Lotsawahouse.org
A list of a few books that I've read and can personally recommend. Please note - these books (with the exception of Transcending AFAIK) are best read after having received transmission:
The Cycle of Day and Night by Chogyal Namkhai Norbu
Dzogchen: Heart Essence of the Great Perfection by HH The Dalai Lama
Zurchungpa's Testament by Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche
Vajra Heart Revisited by Tulku Urgyen Rinpoche
Transcending Ego: Distinguishing Consciousness from Wisdom by Thrangu Rinpoche
Also, I've not read the Trilogy of Rest by Longchenpa but heard that they're excellent.
Anyways, this about wraps up the post. If you have any questions or additional comments, they are very welcome. I wish all of your the very best of luck on your paths, and that all beings may reach enlightenment.

V curious, which dramas would u say have the most fics written for them? Pretty sure Untamed/Word of Honor is up there, and Kinnporche has 12k, which is way more than the usual 50-100 range I've seen for most other shows.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gGRTRt2NWZg
OK, so there's a long theory here that got deleted while I was on my phone while posting this, but I'll summarize briefly...
Kanako is The Key to Monsterkind's Salvation using Determination Extract, Because Determination is In The Ketsukane Household's Names that describe the 3 routes: "Devoted, Decisive, Determined", meaning that The Ketsukane Family is not too dissimilar from Humankind, what with their roots being based in Kitsune Folklore & Whatnot.
That aside, I think I know why...
When the Determination Extract was leveled enough to be put into Kanako at an extractable level capable of not harming a monster, Chujin had almost perfected the perfect serum to protect Monsterkind against Becoming Amalgamates when they have too much Determination in their body, the keyword being "Termination", whereas "De-termination" is the eradication of...something, depending on what, it eradicates it, "Terminating" it as if it were a terminator of sorts. I am not saying that all humans are terminators, rather that "Determination" itself is a terminator by it's own proxy of it's own usage in how it is actually used, the keywords being, "Determined", as in, willing to go the distance to accomplish your own goals, as a Player.
However, something struck me as odd when Kanako got hurt by the bubble impact by the Needle not having the air pushed out of it properly... When the air impact struck, it likely hurt Kanako the same way as if a bullet were to accidentally hurt Clover or Frisk, since Bubble Impacts CAN kill, if inserted into a normal, living being!
Such to the point where it can kill, if not handled correctly!!! There's a lewd "1000 Ways to Die" episode that explains how she died was because the woman in that episode was so horny, that a huge air bubble impacted her veins, & suffocated her using her own veins against her, ceasing bodily functions from not having enough oxygen to the brain.
Now, if Monster's Organs work anything like Monster Magic Do, it's probably because they are made out of Monster Magic, but that is a topic for another day at another time or so ago later on today probably. Right now, we need to analyze Kanako's Critical Condition of Being An Amalgamate.
The fan-animation explains that Kanako did not Melt strangely enough, & I explained why: Because Ketsukanes, much like Humans, are Determined. Determined, being a reference to UT Vanilla's "Determination", which also likely means that Kanako's Experiment Ceroba knew next to nothing about when researching Chujin's Analysis on his Experiments, likely means That Chujin Almost Found A Cure to Stop Monsterkind from Becoming Amalgamates with too much Determination! And I think I know what happened next...
Deltarune, happened, or some sort of AU of Undertale where Monsters DO IN FACT BLEED, From Being Lightners. Lightners, being, The Gods of The Darkners as well, since all Darkners are objects that exist somewhere in Deltarune. "Why am I bringing this up?", you may think I am asking myself. To answer that, we first have to Analyze What Happens to Monsterkind once the cure serum is created...
MONSTERS. BLEED. Yes, you heard me right! With enough of a minimal amount of Determination, Monsters CAN IN FACT BLEED, which would explain why Sans bleeds in Undertale as well, since Deltarune & Undertale are likely a Timeloop of events that keep unfolding & surrounding each other, if Deltarune isn't actually a type of AU Sequel to Undertale as well. The main point being that which, we as Monsterkind have an obligation to fulfill that All Monsterkind is Looked After While Being Experiments on. Meaning, The True Lab is actually a type of Hospital for Amalgamates. I can already hear many people typing as soon as they've read this far saying "But Talon! That isn't what happened! We see Monsters DIE in The True Lab!" Not really, since they are more than likely resting, since even Snowy's Mom, Snowdrake dies probably long after Undertale, as indicated by Deltarune. However, you can talk to her before beating The Pacifist Route in UT Vanilla by going back through The Underground & Talking to Her & Her Family about what's going to happen next for them right away as well!
Things are...going grimly for Snowdrake, so much that she will die if nothing is done: The context right there is the key, that "Determination... Can Kill too as well."
[Insert Genocide Determination Theory Here As Well] The point being, that when taken to the extreme, Determination CAN Kill. We also see that Clover's Level of Violence is one that is from rage, a Deadly Sin. However, it raises an interesting point in us as humans... Can we get too angry that we gain temporary Levels of Violence? Depends on how VIOLENT you are being in UT Yellow. By that I mean, COMPLETELY SLAUGHTER MONSTERKIND IN A GENOCIDE ROUTE. Otherwise known as... The Vengeance Route. Vengeance being an unlawful for violent revenge used as justification for fulfilling a sense of Justice that just "feels deserved" when done right in UT Yellow, since it feels so earned as well. In UT Red & Yellow, Clover first depletes our Hopes by Half, & then Justice Blasts us so hard, our game crashes, & our save file is erased from existence, except that Now, Clover wants us to try a Pacifist Route Instead, & calls us out when we do it again over them.
By this point, Clover is clearly trying to steer us on the right path of our own Determination using Justice, which also means that Clover only wants what's best for everyone as well, Justice for Monsterkind using Pacifism in the True Pacifist Route of Undertale R&Y or UT Vanilla as well.
Meaning that regardless of whether Clover knew about Ceroba & Kanako, one thing remains certain... With Enough Determination, Monsterkind can potentially become somewhat normal & also mortal in Deltarune, as we also see in several versions of Deltarune Yellow as well, which also means that since Kanako lives in that timeline from no Amalgamates existing, Amalgamates weren't created because The Experiments were a complete success!!! Which also means that in Deltarune, Chujin actually made the perfect Serum that Ceroba tested on Kanako to make sure if Chujin's work efforts were correct or not, regardless of if she disobeyed Chujin's Instructions to use Another Boss Monster Instead, or even just by being convinced by Kanako that IT WOULD WORK... Almost.
Kanako does not change forms as an Amalgamate, Alphys explains. She stayed the same, likely because Ketsukane's Are "Determined", meaning they have Determination! The Ketsukanes are The Key to Monsterkind's Salvation, once Kanako was discovered that she neither died nor changed forms, & remaines stable, because NOW we know that Kanako can provide a Clue as to How Much Less Determination that Monsterkind would have needed!!!
Looking again at Snowdrake, Snowdrake Monsters are actually quite large, so you'd think she'd have a lot of Determination injected into her, right? Well, you're right about that, but the key-wording is "how much", since we also know that Snowdrake, Snowy's Mom was also injected A LOT OF TIMES with A LOT...of DETERMINATION as well. Which also means that depending on the size of the mass, it must be proportional the size of the monster, just like in-real-life medicine would be applied to conduct experiments on people & animals as well, because we all know that science provides experiments with human test-subjects, which also explains Why Kanako Needed Less Determination than What She Was Given to Become More Like a Human & Be able to bleed, & also become more like a Deltarune Monster.
• • • TL:DR: Uh Oh, Spaghettios, Kanako had too much Blue Determination Lasagna for lunch, & now has a bad tummy ache from almost dying & choking on an air bubble by becoming an Amalgamate after almost dying...!
Yes, these are 4 sentences explaining what happened very shortly to Kanako in my theory, why do you ask? Thank you for reading. Hope you like my theory! ^w^

First / Patreon (Read 5 Chapters Ahead)

AKA: Ain’t Nothing but a Horndog
–
Private Owens let out another tired sigh as he sat there, his head held in his hands. After the incident with Petra, he’d been forcibly confined to his room, pending further disciplinary action. It didn’t take a genius to figure out exactly how he was going to be disciplined; at best, he figured he’d be getting a court martial. At worst, they’d probably just throw him out the airlock or something.
Harsh, to be sure, but if he’d actually succeeded in inadvertently costing humanity their spot as a central player on the galactic stage, then no punishment was truly out of the question. Hell, Major Barnes had talked about having him drawn and quartered, and if he truly had fucked up that monumentally bad, then it wasn’t even out of the question.
“Way to go, idiot…” Owens muttered to himself. “All this because you couldn’t stay away from the booze or keep it in your pants for a night…”
He let out yet another sigh of despondency, bringing a hand up to brush through his auburn-colored hair. He’d just had it cut short, which was a good thing, because it meant that he’d actually look presentable at his soon-to-be funeral.
Assuming Major Barnes let him keep his head, of course.
Just as that thought crossed his mind, the door to his quarters opened. Owens looked up, and was not surprised to see Major Barnes and Captain Johnson standing there. Somehow, they looked even more imposing than usual, which was odd given that Major Barnes was from Texas and built like the bulls he used to ride, while Captain Johnson was a former MMA fighter.
That was to say that if there were any two people the higher-ups would have sent to beat him to death with their bare hands, it’d be these two, to say nothing of the fact that they’d probably outright requested it given what he’d done.
Assuming they weren’t about to lead him to Captain Ulfur or something, of course. Couldn’t exactly discount that as a possibility, either.
“Alright, on your feet,” Major Barnes announced.
Private Owens blinked. “Sir?”
“I said, on your feet. Are you going to make me repeat myself again?”
“N-no, Sir.” Owens scrambled to his feet. He stood there at attention, doing his best not to start sweating bullets as Major Barnes leaned in to examine him, one hand on his chin.
“Hm…”
“Sir?”
The two of them locked eyes, Barnes’ set of brown staring into Owens’ green. And despite his best efforts, Owens couldn’t help but begin sweating then and there. Captain Johnson shifted a bit out of the corner of his eye, but Owens didn’t dare look over to him; experience had taught him that, much like a T-Rex, the Major’s vision was based on movement. This wasn’t to imply that he could only see things when they moved, but rather that moving was a good way to draw attention to oneself, in the same way that the squeaky wheel tended to get the grease.
To put it simply: predators enjoy it greatly when their prey tries to struggle. And at this moment in time, Owens was nothing if not the juiciest piece of prey available to his commanding officers on the whole station.
The seconds ticked by. Owens dared not count them, both because he didn’t want to press his luck and because he dreaded finding out how short eternity actually was. Finally, after those few agonizingly slow seconds passed, Major Barnes took a step back and let his hand fall from his chin, then clasped his arms behind his back.
“You have no idea how fucking lucky you are, Marine.”
Owens stiffened. “Sir?”
Major Barnes let out a tired sigh, then turned to Captain Johnson. “Smoking is still banned on this station, right?”
“It is outside of the dedicated smoking zones,” Johnson replied. “It upsets the Vuks’ sense of smell.”
“Damn… what about drinking?”
“Allowable outside of working hours, but I’d like to remind you that alcohol is what got us into this mess in the first place.”
“Ah, yes.” Major Barnes turned back towards Owens, his eyes narrowing. “Now, Private – perhaps you’d care to answer a question for me?”
“O-of course, Sir,” Owens stammered out.
“What in the hell made you think Jack Daniels was your friend?”
Owens felt a chill go down his spine. “Uh, Sir?”
“Stop phrasing my title like a question, please. Answer the question.”
Owens hesitated. Thankfully, Captain Johnson came to his rescue.
“Actually, if I remember right, the bartender said he was ordering Captain Morgan and tequila.”
Barnes let out a low whistle. “Damn, for real? What were you thinking, Private? You know rum and tequila don’t mix.”
“Apparently, he hasn’t heard how racist Captain Morgan is – everyone knows the Captain hates Mexicans.”
“U-um…” Private Owens said. “...Is this you both smoking me out?”
“Of course not, Private,” Major Barnes instantly replied. “After all, we’re not in a smoking area, remember?”
Private Owens wasn’t sure if the Major was trying to be dangerously sarcastic or if that was a genuine attempt at levity. In either case, he thought it best to stay silent. Finally, after a few more seconds had passed, Major Barnes shook his head.
“I mentioned earlier that you were lucky,” he said. “Hell, you’re probably the luckiest man alive. Possibly the luckiest man in history. Do you know why that is?”
“Because I’m not dead yet?”
“Partially, but no. No, you’re the luckiest man alive because, in spite of you making a drunken ass of yourself and banging their head diplomat, the Vuk voted to allow us into the Council, after all.”
Private Owens couldn’t help but sputter in surprise at that news. He took a moment to recover, then turned back towards the Major, surprise etched across his face. “You’re serious?” After a moment, he added, “Sir?”
“Oh, I’m very serious,” Major Barnes confirmed with a nod. “See how lucky you are, Private? Not only did you get laid, but you also somehow didn’t completely fuck everything up for our entire species, which means that I very unfortunately don’t get to space you.”
Private Owens hesitated. Next to him, Captain Johnson crossed his arms. “Breathe, Private. You look like you’re about to pass out.”
Owens did as he was told, sucking in a deep breath of air before exhaling it. Once he had taken a breath to calm himself, he opened his eyes again, once more staring at Major Barnes.
“So, if you don’t mind me asking, Sir… what happens now?”
“Good question,” Barnes replied. “Well, given that you might have actually done all of humanity a huge solid by sleeping with Petra, there’s not really much I can do to actually punish you. I mean, I could, but that’d reflect pretty badly on me, and if there’s one thing I care about, it’s my service record.”
“Immaculate service record,” Captain Johnson amended. “Downright radiant, really.”
“Exactly. And it’d really suck to mar it by having to write a young Marine for something like this, especially since it’s very possible that the only reason Petra voted yes was because the sex was so good.”
Private Barnes flushed red. “U-um… thanks, Sir. I think.”
“Don’t be so modest, Private – you know women talk. Well, word’s apparently gotten around, and now a fair few of the Vuk women are very curious about how the human mouth works. But that’s neither here nor there; the point is, we’re at a bit of an impasse. I can’t exactly smoke you for this, even though I really want to. But at the same time, I can’t just let you off the hook, either.”
“So… what do you plan to do with me, Sir?”
Major Barnes cracked a wide, wicked-looking grin. A chill went down Owens’ spine at the sight of it.
“Why, it’s simple, Private,” Barnes began, “in this situation, I think it only fitting that I throw you to the wolves… or, in this case, the devil dogs.”
Owens didn’t even have time to beg for mercy before Captain Johnson grabbed him and muscled him out the door, over to the barracks where the rest of his platoon was staying.
–
It wasn’t a surprise to Owens when they opened the door to the barracks and roughly shoved him inside, then closed it back up and locked it. He scrabbled at the door in vain for a moment before pausing and turning around.
His entire platoon was there, because of course they were.
Owens froze at the sight of them. Getting smoked by the Major and the Captain was bad enough, but that was nothing compared to the absolute fucking firestorm that was headed his way from the rest of the platoon. Slowly, he raised a hand.
“Uh, hey, guys,” he offered.
For a moment, nobody said or did anything. It was deathly silent in the barracks. But then, it happened.
Someone started the slow clap.
It began as just one person, but rapidly grew to two, and then three, and then all of a sudden, they were all doing it. And as they clapped, they were shouting at him, or rather, they were chanting – one simple word, which ordinarily wouldn’t have had much meaning, but with the way they were saying it, Owens just knew it was going to haunt him until he was discharged.
And that word was…
“Horn-Dog! Horn-Dog! Horn-Dog!”
Owens cringed as the word reached his ears. Unfortunately, that did nothing to actually block it out, and it only got worse when everyone in the platoon came up, still chanting, and took turns slapping him on the back.
And, naturally, the questions followed shortly thereafter.
“What was it like?”
“Was it as good as she’s making it sound?”
“Are you really that good with your tongue?”
“What’s it like being an actual furry?”
“Guys!” Owens finally blurted out, having had enough. “Look, I’ve… I’ve had a bit of a long day, you know? So can I at least take a seat before you start bombarding me with questions?”
The platoon fell silent at that. Owens breathed a sigh of relief, then began to stride through them; they parted like the Red Sea as he walked.
“Carefully,” one of them said, “he’s a hero.”
Owens flipped that guy off without even looking back. Finally, he reached his bunk and took a seat on it, then breathed a sigh of relief.
And the moment he was settled, the platoon was surrounding him once more, eager for him to answer their questions. Owens took a breath.
“Let me get one thing perfectly straight,” he said, “I don’t kiss and tell.”
“Dude, come the fuck on,” one of the men, Corporal Ramirez, protested. “You realize that she’s been telling her people about it, right?”
“For real, man,” Sergeant Douglas agreed with a nod. “Some of the Vuk females have been eye-fucking us ever since.”
“You can’t be serious.”
“Oh, I’m serious. Apparently, that tongue do be putting in the work.”
Owens’ brow furrowed. “That’s nasty, dude.”
“What the fuck are you talking about? You did it, not me! I’m just reporting some of the shit that’s been happening ever since you fucking gave Lassie the ol’ in-out.”
“First of all, don’t talk about her that way,” Owens warned. “I get that you’re just joking, but she’s still a diplomat, as well as the reason we’re even having this conversation right now. And not in that way!” He hurriedly added when he saw several of the men about to say something. “She was the deciding vote. If it weren’t for her coming through for us, we’d have been fucked.”
Corporal Ramirez hesitated, but only for a moment. “I mean-”
“Dude, don’t.”
“I’m just saying-”
“I am seriously begging you not to say it.”
Ramirez paused, but eventually, his baser instincts won out. “...She definitely did come through for us, and at least one of us was definitely fucked.”
Owens closed his eyes and sucked in a deep breath before opening them again. “...Just for that, I’m not gonna tell you all what it was like.”
“Dude, come on,” Sergeant Douglas protested. “You’re really gonna do us like this? You’re gonna just fucking Captain Kirk it up and then refuse to talk about it?”
“Yes, I-” Owens paused. “...Captain Kirk?”
“Yeah.”
“Really?”
“Hey, you’re the first human to actually fuck an alien, at least as far as anyone knows. It fits.”
“No, no, I’m not complaining, it’s just… I can’t be Shepard?”
“The fuck you talking about? You’re no Shepherd, that’s for sure.”
“What makes you say that?”
“Because you couldn’t keep the wolf away.” Owens glared at him and Douglas just rolled his eyes. “Come on, Horndog, you’re just teeing these things up for me at this point. I can go all night.”
“Shame he couldn’t,” Ramirez added. “Or did he only stop because he got caught?”
“That’s a fair question, actually. Horndog, be honest – if you hadn’t been caught, would there have been another round?”
“How many rounds were there, anyway?” one of the other Marines asked.
“Do you think she’d have wanted breakfast afterwards?” another added. “Makes me wonder… do you think the Vuk prefer waffles, or pancakes?”
“I dunno, man. They seem pretty partial to creampies, if you ask me.”
“Guys!” Owens shouted, cutting them all off. He grit his teeth for a moment, but then let out another exhale. “...It probably goes without saying, but I am very, very, ridiculously tired right now. I’m very thirsty and I haven’t had anything to eat in a long-ass time.”
Ramirez opened his mouth to say something.
“Ramirez, if you say what I know you’re going to say, I will seriously fucking Code Red you by myself.”
Ramirez closed his mouth and said nothing.
Owens let out yet another exhale. “Look, fellas – let me just get some sleep, and then I’ll tell you as much as I can about it without it being disrespectful to her. Okay?”
“Sure, man, whatever you say,” Douglas offered.
“Thanks, guys.”
With that, Owens laid down in his bunk and closed his eyes, doing his best to enjoy the silence.
It lasted for all of five seconds before someone broke it.
“So, was this technically bestiality?”
Owens threw a blind punch, and just like that, the entire barracks erupted into chaos.

Special thanks to my good friend and co-writer, Ickbard, for the help with writing this story.

GCSE French Writing Exam - 90 Words & 150 Words How To Get Full Marks

TL:DR
Some parts of the text was in Reddit-tables, but they got somehow lost.
This project began when someone on Reddit asked about the export speed of Rekordbox 7 compared to Rekordbox 6, prompting the entire initiative. My intention is not to "blame" or "shame" any company or its products. I approached these tests with an unbiased, open mind, taking great care to provide a level playing field for all tests conducted. This report reflects my impartial findings.
Test DateMay 16th - May 20th 2024 Report ReleaseMay 21st 2024 AuthorMixMasterG CompanyAnd The Groove Remains Production Team Websitewww.ATGR.nl
Publication of (sections) of this report is allowed, with full data source statement included.
Introduction:
Welcome to the real world Rekordbox 6/7 speed comparison test on macOS 2024.
When I began these tests, my initial goal was to quickly compare the speed difference between Rekordbox 6 and Rekordbox 7 on an Apple ARM computer for tasks that are notoriously slow, such as opening, exporting to USB, and analysis. I used my personal, extensive track collection for these tests. Due to unexpected results, I expanded the test to include several other macOS computers. As a reference, I decided to include Algoriddim djay Pro 5, the most optimized DJ software for macOS, and Serato, the second most popular DJ software on macOS.
Mandatory Rekordbox 7 analysis when exporting to USB
When I initiated the tests, the measured export times from Rekordbox 7 to USB were unreasonably long. Similar reports poured in from users of my applications in various settings. Identifying the cause of this sluggishness swiftly became my top priority. It turned out that Rekordbox 7's export process necessitated the analysis of tracks by RB7, even if those tracks were already fully analyzed in Rekordbox 6.8.5. When an artist updates from Rekordbox 6 to Rekordbox 7, RB7 silently analyzes the tracks before exporting, leading to excessively prolonged export times. Fortunately, RB7 analysis is a one-time requirement per track and can be manually initiated at times that its more convenient then minutes before a gig. I issued this short YouTube video to make users aware: Slow USB export from Rekordbox 7? This is why and how to fix!
I gave the full explanation and interpretation of the test results, together with performance tips in my weekly Ask Me Anything live stream for DJs, the video can be watched back here Ask Me Anything for DJs - Results of the Rekordbox 6 Vs Rekordbox 7 real world speed-test There is a time index in the first remark under the video.
All previous AMA livestreams, are available in this YouTube playlist: Ask Me Anything conversion & collection management for DJs past streams
The Test parameters:
Main collection managerMusic (the app formerly known as iTunes, will be referred to as iTunes) Total number of tracks in collection116.747 / 1.47 Tb Audio file formatMP3 preferred - 320 Kbs / 44.1 kHz / 16bit/CBR Location of audio filesexternal SSD, Samsung T7 2Tb / formatted macOS Extended Export driveexternal SSD, Samsung T7 2Tb each test run (FAT32 and HFS) started with a fresh formatted export drive Drive's connection to computeron all test systems USB-C
The software used:
Music (=iTunes)1.2.5 RB6Rekordbox 6.8.5 RB7Rekordbox 7.0 SeratoSerato 3.1.3 djaydjay Pro 5.1.7
Computer specifications
M1 = MacMini (2020) - M1 8 cores (4 efficiency 4 performance) - GPU 8 cores - RAM 8Gb - macOS Sonoma 14.4.1
i9 = Intel MacPro - i9 9900K u/3.6Ghz 8 cores - GPU AMD RX 580 8 Gb - RAM 16Gb - macOS Monterey 12.7.5
MBP = MacBookPro 14" (2021) - M1 8 cores (2 efficiency 6 performance) - GPU 14 cores - RAM 16Gb - macOS Monterey 12.7.1 because the similarity in times for Rekordbox 7.0 on the M1 and MBP, the Rekordbox 6.8.5 tests were skipped on the MBP.
Note: for the tasks that were tested, none of the DJ softwares utilizes the GPU
Test conditions
I aimed to standardize all test conditions as much as possible, including:

• Data for collection was stored on the internal drive, the audio files were stored on external storage.
• Each test used the exact same external drives, connected to the computer over USB-C, using the same cables.
• All collection data was identical across all systems, synchronized using Carbon Copy Cloner before the test.
• All computers were freshly rebooted prior to the test, with the "open windows from previous session" option disabled.
• No other applications were open besides an on-screen stopwatch.
• Wi-Fi was disabled, and network cables were disconnected.
• No screen capture applications were used; all video recording was done externally to avoid occupying system resources from the test.
• Between the various exports in a single test run, the export drive was not formatted (so each of the 3 exports added to the previous). Only after a full export run (sync1, sync2 and sync3) on a given computer, the drive was reformatted.
• The partitioning scheme used in both FAT32 and HFS (=macOS Extended journaled) was Master Boot Record.
• Analysis in Rekordbox was only performed for "Phrase" to maintain the converted Mixed in Key/Traktor values. Analysis requires at least one option to be checked, all other options (BPM/Grid, key etc) were disabled.
• In Serato DJ Pro analysis for BPM and Key were disabled
• In Rekordbox, the Sync Manager was enabled to synchronize all playlists from iTunes, ensuring the sync was up-to-date with no changes made to the iTunes collection during the test.
• All test playlists originate from iTunes and were accessed through the iTunes section of the DJ software.
• All (116.747) tracks from iTunes had been pre-analyzed in: Rekordbox 6, Serato, and djay Pro 5. In other words, the DJ software had a real and big collection of tracks. Since djay Pro 5 does not re-analyze already analyzed audio files, all djay analysis data was deleted from the system before running the analysis tests.
• Because iTunes sync can not be disabled in djay Pro, the values used for startup without iTunes are the same values from the test run with iTunes sync enabled.

Fault tolerance:
During computer speed testing, achieving 100% identical situations is unfeasible due to the unpredictable consumption of system resources by various OS-related operations. I estimate the fault tolerance in the measured times to be around 5%.
The iTunes playlist(folder) used for the tests:
Sync1
Playlist folderATGR Necessities Number of playlists in folder24 Total number of tracks 3823 / 45,93 Gb Export to USBSyncManager
Sync2
Flat playlist Top 40 2023 Total number of tracks 587 / 4,46 Gb Export to USBRight click playlist -> export
Sync3
Flat playlistTop 40 2024 Total number of tracks 283 / 2,17 Gb Export to USBRight click playlist -> export
https://preview.redd.it/hmajmvglru1d1.png?width=1497&format=png&auto=webp&s=108356518b3998c94ec848f07a78b545425b5d7f
https://preview.redd.it/eo3gvokqru1d1.png?width=1400&format=png&auto=webp&s=4487f3193d07c5e98ff8a796cc56fc303042e58d
https://preview.redd.it/qzzzy78sru1d1.png?width=1400&format=png&auto=webp&s=deffef82a834e3ad3ef13aa2a59bd705316a6ef1
https://preview.redd.it/hqed25ntru1d1.png?width=1400&format=png&auto=webp&s=2fb3c7ba5283722e569a207d2faa242b3aa32e26
https://preview.redd.it/7ubiz7iuru1d1.png?width=1400&format=png&auto=webp&s=2f2cb345cf718b30cd473cca3b9c1d8a33c714e1
https://preview.redd.it/zu5yiajvru1d1.png?width=1400&format=png&auto=webp&s=df06eed0e2d8cea446469ed498cf32c341f064c7
https://preview.redd.it/mq1chq9wru1d1.png?width=1400&format=png&auto=webp&s=cfa752e197d88b63bd6fbea2ff95f9b9b552cabc
https://preview.redd.it/7eu2rl1xru1d1.png?width=1400&format=png&auto=webp&s=863ce32b59be277fbc4a6d32b4b4cf90f8417213
Important conclusions and findings from these tests:

• Rekordbox 7 on macOS is not multithreading when it comes to analysis, hence the spikes in the tests. On Windows Rekordbox 7 utilizes all available CPU cores. Rekordbox 6.8.5 is also multithreading.
• Export to an HFS formatted USB is faster than a FAT32 formatted, especially after consecutive exports.
• Disabling iTunes integration in the SyncManager can improve startup times of Rekordbox considerably. Disabling iTunes sync can cause issues with exported USBs that were originally created using the SyncManager.
• Rekordbox 7 has a bug, where custom/edited BPM/Grids can be overwritten with mandatory analysis. Even when the BPM/Grid analysis is disabled!
• Export to USB using the SyncManager still shows 2 progress bars, where export through right click -> export only shows 1

(c) 2024 And The Groove Remains Production Team

https://www.academia.edu/119773754
Greek had many adj. in -imos and only a few in -oimos. This suggests that some o-stem nouns formed adj. in *-o-imos, but that this type was short-lived, leaving only a few remnants. This seems shown by doublets :
​
*ku(H)d- ‘(loud/joyous) sound’ ? >
kûdos- ‘renown / glory’, kū́dimos ‘*renowned > epithet of Hermes’
kudázō ‘insult’, kudoimós ‘din of battle / uproar’
​
and the late and secondary nature of some (after *-tm- > *-dm-) :
​
*Halut-mn ‘bitter drink’ > L. alūmen ‘alum’, G. aludmaínō ‘make bitter’, alúdoimos ‘bitter’
*Halut() > ON öl ‘beer’, OE ealu(ð), E. ale, Arm. awłi ‘(strong) alcohol’ >> Geo. (a)ludi ‘beer’, Os. älyton ‘magic beer in stories’
​
​
With this in mind, Greek hetoîmos ‘at hand / ready / imminent / active / zealous’ probably came from a late derivation from *hetós ‘activity / zeal’ (or similar) with retained accent. No etymology with -mos added to an unknown *hetoi- makes sense (see summary in Dieu), so this seems needed. Since ‘ready’ can refer to both things and people, with slightly different meaning, knowing which one it originally came from would certainly help. I proposed ‘activity / zeal’ to match :
​
*yet- > Skt. yatná- ‘zeal / effort / aspiring after / volition’, yatúna- ‘restless / active’, yátate ‘place in order / join / meet / seek / strive / try / exert oneself, TA yatatär ‘is capable of / can (be)’, TB yoto-
​
This is the best possible match to explain all data. PIE *y seems to become h or z in Greek, no clear conditions (Whalen 2024a). This even goes back to LB e-pi-ju-ko ‘item or material used in building’, matched G. epizugís ‘kind of iron pin’ used of tiles) and likely Linear A au-ta-de-po-ni-za as the fem. of Greek autodespótēs ‘absolute master’ (the fem. of *potis is *potniya > pótnia, so this would show optional internal *y > dz in a location where sandhi or *Hy- vs. *y- could not work).
​
​
Since all data favors *-e- (G. -e-, Skt. -a-) not *-o- (Skt. **-ā-), the Tocharian evidence needs explanation. Adams says *yot-o- is needed for TA yata-, but this would not give TB yoto-. An o-grade in a verb, especially when it otherwise would exactly match Skt. yátate, seems unlikely. Since it is PToch. *e that gave TA a, this seems like *ye- preserving *e (that normally would > *yä, so possibly prevented from creating *yyä). This would also fit with other optional outcomes of *yä / *ye (likely from *yE), etc., of clear origin :
​
*sindhu- > MP hyndwg, *hinduka- >> *yäntuke > *yE- > TB yentuke
​
*ukso:n > *wäkso:n > *wäkso:n / *wOkso:n > TB okso
​
*H2anH1-tmHo- ? >> *ana-lmö > *OnO-lme > *(w)O- / *wu- > TB onolme \ wnolme ‘creature / living being / person’
​
Adams also gives 2 words with *sup- > sop- or sp-, showing the same alternation, though he doesn’t discuss it.
​
​
Since PToch. *e can become *o near *w, even when not touching (*swäle > TA ṣul, TB ṣale = mountain/hill, *en-swäle > oṣṣale ‘north’), and -w- is a common affix in verbs, this allows :
​
PIE *yetewotor ‘he moves / strives’ > PToch. *yetyäwetär > *yetäwyetär > TA *yetäyetär > *yetetär (y-dissim.) > yatatär ‘is capable of / can (be)’, TB *yetäwetär > *yotwotär > yoto-
​
​
I do not feel that reconstructing *o to explain *e when *e > *e is possible in the specific *ye > *ye makes any sense, yet linguists continue making these mistakes. Instead of thinking about whether the context or environment allows a simple sound change, they stick to changes already known, and mechanically reconstruct a single sound, no matter how unfitting it may be. Many similar cases exist; just for V1 > V1 being overlooked, consider how in most Indo-European, the word for ‘grandfather’ comes from *H2awo- and ‘grandmother’ from a related form in *-iH2 or *-yaH2 (Whalen 2023a) :
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Arm. hav, L. avus ‘grandfather’
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Go. awó, L. avia ‘grandmother’
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Old Norse words, however, show 2 different oddities in related words:
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*avon- > afi ‘grandfather’
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*a:won- > ái ‘great-grandfather’
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Though linguists like Jay Jasanoff have explained ái as coming from Indo-European *H2e:(H2)wo- as a vrddhi derivative of *H2a(H2)wo- there is no evidence for lengthened grade in PIE. Supposed examples are most often found in Indo-Iranian, where *o > *ā was common. It is unlikely these 2 features would cluster in one area if both were real. Other examples of PIE *ē in Tocharian (most by Adams) ignore that, again, *ē and *o merged there. Even the 2nd H2 Jasanoff believes in seems better explained by optional *w > *xW in Anatolian (found in other words and positons, partly seen by Kümmel, Whalen 2024b). It is unlikely PIE had a word for ‘great-grandfather’ at all, or at least not a single word. The cause of this change for *avon- / *a:won- is probably optional metathesis *H2awo- / *aH2wo-. This new *H2 was deleted afterwards, creating new *a: separate from *a: > PGmc. *o: or *e: > *æ: . An optional *H2w > *v might explain *avon- > afi ‘grandfather’ as well (2 variants creating 2 very similar words is more likely than them coming to look the same by chance instead).
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This metathesis is also seen in *H2aw- > Old Latin ahvidies ‘offering to the gods’, Skt. ávati ‘promote/favosatisfy / offer to the gods / be pleased’; *Hravo- \ *raHvo- > L. ravus \ rāvus ‘hoarse’, Skt. rāva-s ‘cry/shriek/roayell / any noise’, A. rHoó ‘song’ (Whalen 2023b). There is also no methodological reason to create intermediate a >> e: > a: instead of a > a: more directly. Since some type of H-metathesis is already needed for roots with *-aiH- vs. *-aHy-, etc., ignoring the same when ahv- is literally spelled out for them makes no sense. The same is reconstructed by others for an explanation of the Li. tone in *H2awso-m > L. aurum ‘gold’, *aH2wso-m > Li. áuksas. Since *H2aw- > *aH2w- is exactly the same environment in both, its existence should not be doubted by those linguists, at least.
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Dieu, Eric (2018) Grec ἑτοῖμος / ἕτοιμος “qui est sous la main, prêt, disponible”, hitt. zē(y)a- “cuire (intr.) ; être cuit, être prêt”, zinni- “finir, en finir avec, venir à bout de” : du “tout cuit” étymologique ?
https://www.academia.edu/39436453
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Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2014) The conditioning for secondary h in Hittite
https://www.academia.edu/959610
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Whalen, Sean (2023a) Indo-European word for ‘grandfather’
https://www.reddit.com/IndoEuropean/comments/13fwrn0/indoeuropean_word_for_grandfathe
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Whalen, Sean (2023b) Latin cūria, Volscian covehriu ‘assembly’
https://www.reddit.com/usestlatos/comments/14p1ji1/latin_c%C5%ABria_volscian_covehriu_assembly/
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Whalen, Sean (2024a) Cretan Elements in Linear B, Part Two: *y > z, *o > u, LB *129, LAB *65, Minoan Names (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/114878588
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Whalen, Sean (2024b) Greek Consonant Changes: Stops and Fricatives in Contact (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/114138414
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I decided I planning to make a Swedish Alphabet Lore (idk if someone already did this before, but I want to make a foreign language alphabet lore).
Here’s some things you need to know
-V is the villain in this alphabet lore (LMAO VILLAIN STARTS WITH V 😭)
-Some of the plot will be different from the original English alphabet lore (Ex: there is not going to be a scene where the good letters become a cab or a car, unlike A, B, and C from the original alphabet lore) Some parts of the lore would might be similar (Ex: The villain letter having a childhood swear word like frick, dick, etc. V’s childhood swear word was Rövhål (@sshole), which means he gonna have trauma like F)
-Vän (translates to Friend/Friends), do I need to explain? (If you watch the original alphabet lore than you’ll understand what I mean Vän….)
-There is going to be an epilogue (yay! good ending), and no number lore
That’s all for today, I will plan and draw the Swedish alphabet letters’ designs for now!

FUNNY, CONCISE, RELATABLE, and ENLIGHTENING; that's the kind of scripts I craft for YouTube videos! The human mind is easily prone to distractions, and this explains why most of us can’t watch a boring YouTube video till the end. However, with the right words, your channel can get the views it deserves!
I have created scripts for YouTubers on countless subjects ranging from sports (Football-MMA-Boxing-NBA-NHL) — documentary, mysteries, space, economy, history, police body cam scripts, short scripts for brands(UGC and YouTube shorts), even technology! I have carefully studied YouTube algorithm, and tips, all of which has helped me write in a way that gets viewers hooked on the first word. Of course, a good script will perform even better with an efficient voice-over and great video editing.
Below is a link to my Upwork profile where you can see the jobs I did before:
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I’ve worked with a popular channel that has a large following of 594k+ subscribers. I’ve also written scripts for newer channels, which have received a lot of views and positive reactions. I’ve shared some of the videos for which I wrote the scripts.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bbQgANbH91k&t=219s&ab_channel=EpicEconomist
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CzcIfxaLBGo&t=121s&ab_channel=Sagan%27sSandbox
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FGnSMOABCyU&t=4s&ab_channel=Sagan%27sSandbox
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Price is $0.07 per word...
You can send me a message any time you want. If you have an account, you can also reach out to me on Upwork.

My visit with psychiatrist yesterday has helped me reach comfort in my mind with a constant anxiety of something I’m sure many are worried about and it is not right (if you can relate to this): the anxiety of your doc cutting, not changing dose and pharmacy rejecting and giving problems with controlled meds.
Both pharmacy and psychiatrist reassured me: allowed me to use 75 + 90 tabs about 1 week after 75 Valium 5mg to dose an extra tab if needed: explained I was on Valium 10mg x3 daily. So I let him know if I can try going daily with Valium 10mg twice daily I think it would be a good start with years of therapy, tapered down, and 4 years in Army as medic now out for about 1 year with fully honorable for medical retirement - I’m happy my discharge is the same as finishing my 4 year contract and did 4 years retired a few days shy of ETS (last day) date.
He gave me Valium 5mg x4 a day and said I can take it as I see fit in my day but not recommended to take all 4 at once like I’m at the dentist or something lol. Can take 3 in morning if I want, 1 at night; 2 and 2, etc.
Started me on Prazosin 1mg and stopped clonidine ER 0.1mg twice daily and took first dose at bed having the morning clonidine in me… ouch lol side effects of weakness had me miss worth and head to urgent care, but got better with time. I felt like I had an ear ache but got better on Zyrtec. So far side effects there, but the daytime effects I can see my trigger response isn’t as overdriven, so med good for daytime symptoms with PTSD too not only good for nightmares which I’ve been lacking a lot regardless. Did not wake up same time of 2:50 - 3:00am as I do like 5/7 nights in a week - great sign for me on its benefit of sleeping being me! I’m on Zoloft 50mg and plan to taper down off of because last VA psych. was only focusing on tapering me off of Valium.
Doctors who taper long term daily benzo’s with compliance AND especially patients who already tapered like myself twice with horrible quality of life: you aren’t even following WHO guidelines if that’s even a concern
Sorry to patients being hassled being on benzos long term. There’s no Suboxone of benzos as they have for opioid users choosing to quit and switch. Klonopin maybe is a similar concept with long duration; maybe Valium too with long half life understood by doctors.
Lastly, the switch from Adderall XR and IR to Zenzedi (dextroamphetamine sulfate) it’s a brand name similar to Dexedrine tablets, more dose options similar to Adderall IR. I am seeing a better amount of benefits with this: no rush sensation, no cold extremities regardless of fluid intake and running 20 - 40 miles/week. Sleeping is easier because the med wears off without the Levoamphetamine continuing to produce nasty PNS (peripheral nervous system) effects.
The pharmacy telling me the doctor choosing whatever he wants to send in, he will fill it. Even mentioning Desoxyn the pharmacist was okay with this.
I’m not used to having a doctor and pharmacy there to be there for me and do their job title. I was always in fear and seeing this 10-11 years later: it’s all fear surrounded around the system that the doctor (now influx of NP/PA especially) follow and limitations unspoken on stop them from helping; seemingly they believe the anti-med information and push stuff like gabapentin - now not so much in several states with controlled status or reporting to PDMP. System nonsense right there.
My post is long but I want anyone to know chat/message for help/support: I’ve played the game and fought for myself been on benzo/stimulant since 13-14 no problems with meds until new docs began taper-happy, extended release happy anti-fast tablet mindset: pressure lead to abuse thinking I was f-worded, but better docs helped my mind slow down abuse knowing stability with each good doc.
I’m here to help if needed: 3 year medic army clinic time helped too.

I (14F) am absolutely SICK and TIRED of my mom(38F) and her boyfriend(54M) and his kids. (18F, 22F, 21M)
Growing up, my mother always had a boyfriend. It was like she couldn't live with one. One of her boyfriends the father of my little brother(6M) even sexually assaulted (touched TWICE) my older sister, "CC"(20F). This happened at least 6-7 years ago. But CC tried to tell my mom the first time it happened, and you wanna know what my mom did? SHE DIDN'T EVEN BELIEVE CC. It had to happen a second time for my mom to actually care and notice.
Now, present time, with my mom's boyfriend, we'll call him "Road". At first, I liked him and I saw him as a father.
For context, my father had been in jail for 4-5 years because of drugs and he touched me as a child. When my father was in a past marriage, he slept with his stepdaughter. His now ex-wife got a restraining order and his stepdaughter visited him again, when she was an adult. I'm not allowed to speak to my father at all.
Now road wasn't as bad as the boyfriends were to CC or to me, but that doesn't make him great.
You see, he is mentally abusive. He calls me and my little brother, who we'll call Cam, "special" and other horrible and vulger names to where "special" is theost appropriate compared to everything else. We do one bad thing, "special". And sometimes, he even laughs about it. He also threatens to punch us into a wall, smack us stupid(his words), and basically threats to abuse us severely when we just mess up.
I've tried to talk to my mom about this, but she doesn't talk to Road about his behavior towards us, even when she says she will.
His kids? Well, 18F, "A", she'll do anything for a man... If you know what I mean. She lost her V card while trunk and even did "things" with an 18 year old in the band room while she was 15. And Road was talking crap about his other daughter, 22F, "D" a whore for doing the exact same thing. A started crying when she heard this, because she did the same thing D did, but Road doesn't know that A did the exact same thing as D. D even has a child from someone she met online, and Everytime she gets broken up with, she comes to what was originally MY HOME, and trashes it completely! Leaves being her food, Tupperware, clothes, and basically all of her objects. Road's son, (21M) B, is dating CC. Weird, right? My sister and my mom's boyfriends son dating. They're completely toxic for each other. They cheat on each other, abuse each other physically, emotionally, and mentally. They're always arguing over who cheated, who smoked the last weed(they're like junkies from how much they smoke and fight over it.), and who did what last. So you can imagine why I don't talk with them much over this thing. Only person who I could talk to was A, but she told one of my secrets, and I haven't trusted her since.
Road dies have his good moments, where he lets me talk to him, he buys us food and other necessities, and other things that would make you smile. I've broken my collarbone(like, it snapped in half, completely, and we were worried I might have to get surgery, luckily I don't, my bone is going to reconnect again. One bone is on the other at least an inch or two, but it'll grow weirdly), did did last Thursday, and ever since, he's been super caring and super loving. But I feel like he should be this way all the time and not just when I'm injured.
That's mostly it. I would like to know other POVs and if I'm in the wrong.
Sorry if this doesn't make any sense or spelling is wrong. This is my first story.

I grew up in a normal middle-class Sanatani home, and my mother used to make me recite Hanuman chalisa and Shiv chalisa as a child; but, as I grew older, I became more interested in science and thus rejected Hinduism and gods. After school, I traveled to another city for coaching and met several Kashmiri Muslims; when I told them I didn't believe in God, they began talking garbage about Hindu gods, and I used to tell my mother the same things they told me. In my family, everyone was religious except my father. My father was a devoted sanatani, yet he never prayed or visited temples, but the female members did. When I began to question their beliefs, they responded to my queries without becoming angry and welcomed me as an atheist. After finishing my coaching, I came to Chandigarh and met my bhangi roommates, who used to smoke pot and listen to shiv bhajans. That was the lowest time in my life; I had just discovered that my boyfriend of three years was cheating on me and he was also very abusive towards me. I was terrified to leave him, and I wanted he would change. After 6 months, I started smoking with them and became addicted. I still smoke occasionally. After a year, when I eventually left my then-boyfriend, I returned home for two months. I was depressed and had frequent thoughts of suicide; when I informed my mother about this, she encouraged me to resume praying, but I was uninterested. One day, she started this conversation in front of my father, and let me tell you what his response was. I still remember this conversation word to word 😂
“Manu(my nick name) beta bhut kuch aisa h jise sun kar lgta h ki aisa kuch nhi h maut k baad andhera h lekin kbhi lgta h k koi toh param shakti h jo yeh dunia chla rhi h. Bhut kuch hume aisa dikhega jo bhut neech h or vo paramatma k kahe ya likhe niyam nhi ho skte h or bhagwan ne agr hum sahi galat ki pehchan di h to dharam k naam pr apni us budhi ka use na krna bevkoofi h. Tum pdhe likhe bachche ho tumhe pta h kya man na h kya nhi or kya galat h kya sahi. Jaise tumhe mera sahara h k mai sb smbhal lunga aise hi mujhe mere papa ka b tha or unke chle jane k baad mujhe ab bhagwaan ka h.
Or agr nhi krni pooja mt kro maine b kbhi nhi ki mai kisi b andh vishwas mai yakeen nhi krta kyuki mujhe pta h yeh sb insaan ka likha h uske apne mtlb k liye. Tum apne karam saaf rkho tumhe pooja krne ki zaroorat nhi h.
Yeh jo puraan aaj dunia pdhi h yeh koi humare hi poorwaj the (we are kashmiri pandits/brahmins) jinhe ek business idea aaya or ek nyi kitaab likh daali or logo be use pdhna shuru kr dia fr koi or aaya usne kuch or likh dala. Nye pooja k niyam bna die jahan pr g brahmin ka pooja krwana zroori h vrna bhgwan accept nhi krenge. To sara gandh hi humare brahmin samaj ne dala tha.
Mai b pooja krta agr mujhe sanskrit aati or mai ved pdh pata toh Mgr vo to aati hi nhi mujhe to mai to bs dhyan lga skta hu bhagwaan ka Tum b wahi kr k dekh lo agr dil mane toh
Or kya krna hai mandir ja k ek v ved ki knowledge ni hogi pandit ko Inse kundli dikhwa lo ya lakeere pdhwa lo. Sb drama h inko kuch ni pta dharam kya h sb k sb chor hai koi zaroorat ni kahin jane ki apna sachche dil se om ka jap kro dhyan lgao sb theek ho jaega yeh umar nhi h andh vishwas mai pdne ki”
He was a member of RSS but left for personal reasons. He believed in karma and had never done anything wrong on purpose. He was adored by both society and his family. He died in Corona, on Ekadasi. In Sanatan, it is believed that a person who dies on the day of ekadasi goes immediately to paradise, and there are people who fast on every ekadasi in order to die on ekadasi and go straight to heaven, but my father never fasted; instead, he would disapprove of my mother for doing karwachauth and so on. He celebrated all of the festivities, most notably Diwali.
He would read us stories from our holy texts for moral purposes. I live according to his teachings. I believe in both Sanatan dharma and God. I don't conduct any puja, but I do recite Hanuman Chalisa since it brings me calm. Despite the fact that we keep numerous purans at home, I have never read one. My mother still performs pooja but has quit reading purans. Yes, we acknowledge that our forefathers have done wrong to society, particularly those who belong to the SC society. However, according to my study, I belong to kashyap gotra (lineage of sage Kashayapa of Kashmir), and I have a friend who is SC and has kashyap gotra. We are both from the same gotra (lineage), but have distinct castes, implying that castes were once determined by one's occupation. I wish to learn Sanskrit and read the Vedas without any changes to the writings. Despite the difficulty of interpreting the ancient sanskrit used in the Vedas, I want to successfully translate it word for word without errors.
And I enjoy it when atheists and anti-sanatanis post such verses from our Puranas. Their writing, as much as their beliefs, should be criticized. Only then will we be able to revive our Vedic culture. People nowadays are so into shortcuts that they will do or believe anything under the false pretense of appeasing the god. Another factor, as we all know, is the sacrifice tradition in Hinduism.
Another brief story.
So we had this idol of a local devi in our house, and my grandmother worshiped her, as did all of our raina (my surname) neighbours. Some families were dissatisfied with their financial situation and turned to a so-called pandit. That pandit ordered them to perform a puja including a goat sacrifice in the same house where Devi resides. The next day, they all came to my house and told us everything and asked us to make arrangements for the puja. My father and grandmother denied this, and they tried to convince them, but in vain.
So, after a few days, they warned us that they would take the idol and place it in someone else's home. I remember my grandmother crying because she had worshiped that idol for 50 years. Our neighbours began arguing with us, and eventually my father gave up and let them take the idol. These neighbours did the so-called puja. They killed an innocent soul under the name of Pooja, and everyone ate it. Neither of my family members attended that puja. My mother continues to pray to that Devi. We make parsaad (a vegetarian dish). And my neighbor's financial situation is considerably worse now 😂😂
And being religious has its own benefits. For example, my mother never allowed us to keep a pet. My father used to love dogs, but he stopped keeping pets after he lost his dear Cheenu, our 16-year-old dog. My brother and I are animal lovers. We used to feed stray animals, but my mother would never let them inside the home. She made extra rotis for them every day, but she didn't want to keep them in the house. So one day, a pandit informed me that I have an ongoing shani dasha, which is why I am always depressed. My mother researched different cures and discovered that feeding dogs reduces the effects of shani dasha. She attempted to keep my stray dog Tyson inside the house, but my baby was too independent to stay inside. He cried at night, so we had to let him go. So I asked my mother if I may bring a puppy home, and she agreed under the condition that I take care of it. But I shifted to another city after three months, and she took care of him. We lost Jacob because of to the negligence of a vet. So, following Jacob's death, my mother made it clear that no other pet would ever enter this house. We are allowed to feed the strays, but none enter the house's gates. After a few months, I saw an adoption post for a lost black labrador dog and told my mother that the effect of Shani Dasha would be reduced only if I took care of a black dog, and that a black dog is the vahaan (riding) of Kaal Bhairav, to which she agreed. She named the dog Scooby, and she adores him more than me. She loves him so much that she fed him chicken and bone broth while he was sick. So, yeah, being religious has some perks.

While I understand secondary dominants, one verbal clarification I never see is that, let’s say, when using an SD to lead into a minor chord, you treat this as the V chord of its parallel major. For example, in a minor key, the five chord would be a m7 chord, not a dominant 7, but when using SD you are making the V a dominant as if this temporary key was major, harmonic minor, even if you’re leading into a minor chord. This might be worded poorly, but can anybody explain why nobody talks abt this?