Here are all of the relevant keywords/abbreviations for the CompTIA sec+ exam.
Comment below if you have any questions, if I made a mistake, or if I missed something!
AAA: Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting ABAC: Attribute-Based Access Control ACL: Access Control List AD: Active Directory AES: Advanced Encryption Standard AES256: Advanced Encryption Standard with a key size of 256 bits AH: Authentication Header AI: Artificial Intelligence AIS: Automated Information System ALE: Annual Loss Expectancy AP: Access Point API: Application Programming Interface APT: Advanced Persistent Threat ARO: Annualized Rate of Occurrence ARP: Address Resolution Protocol ASLR: Address Space Layout Randomization ASP: Application Service Provider ATT&CK: Adversarial Tactics, Techniques, and Common Knowledge AUP: Acceptable Use Policy AV: Antivirus BASH: Bourne Again Shell BCP: Business Continuity Plan BGP: Border Gateway Protocol BIA: Business Impact Analysis BIOS: Basic Input/Output System BPA: Business Process Automation BPDU: Bridge Protocol Data Unit BSSID: Basic Service Set Identifier BYOD: Bring Your Own Device CA: Certificate Authority CAPTCHA: Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart CAR: Corrective Action Report CASB: Cloud Access Security Broker CBC: Cipher Block Chaining CBT: Computer-Based Training CCMP: Counter Mode with Cipher Block Chaining Message Authentication Code Protocol CCTV: Closed-Circuit Television CERT: Computer Emergency Response Team CFB: Cipher Feedback CHAP: Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol CIO: Chief Information Officer CIRT: Computer Incident Response Team CIS: Center for Internet Security CMS: Content Management System CN: Common Name COOP: Continuity of Operations COPE: Corporate-Owned, Personally-Enabled CP: Control Plane CRC: Cyclic Redundancy Check CRL: Certificate Revocation List CSA: Cloud Security Alliance CSIRT: Computer Security Incident Response Team CSO: Chief Security Officer CSP: Cloud Service Provider CSR: Certificate Signing Request CSRF: Cross-Site Request Forgery CSU: Central Service Unit CTM: Content Threat Management CTO: Chief Technology Officer CVE: Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures CVSS: Common Vulnerability Scoring System CYOD: Choose Your Own Device DAC: Discretionary Access Control DBA: Database Administrator DDoS: Distributed Denial of Service DEP: Data Execution Prevention DER: Distinguished Encoding Rules DES: Data Encryption Standard DHCP: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHE: Diffie-Hellman Ephemeral DKIM: DomainKeys Identified Mail DLL: Dynamic Link Library DLP: Data Loss Prevention DMARC: Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting, and Conformance DNT: Do Not Track DNS: Domain Name System DNSSEC: Domain Name System Security Extensions DoS: Denial of Service DPO: Data Protection Officer DRP: Disaster Recovery Plan DSA: Digital Signature Algorithm DSL: Digital Subscriber Line EAP: Extensible Authentication Protocol ECB: Electronic Codebook ECC: Elliptic Curve Cryptography ECDHE: Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman Ephemeral ECDSA: Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm EDR: Endpoint Detection and Response EFS: Encrypting File System EIP: Enterprise Information Portal EOL: End of Life EOS: End of Support ERP: Enterprise Resource Planning ESN: Electronic Serial Number ESP: Encapsulating Security Payload ESSID: Extended Service Set Identifier FACL: File Access Control List FDE: Full Disk Encryption FIM: File Integrity Monitoring FPGA: Field-Programmable Gate Array FRR: Fast Reroute FTP: File Transfer Protocol FTPS: FTP Secure GCM: Galois/Counter Mode GDPR: General Data Protection Regulation GPG: GNU Privacy Guard GPO: Group Policy Object GPS: Global Positioning System GPU: Graphics Processing Unit GRE: Generic Routing Encapsulation HA: High Availability HDD: Hard Disk Drive HIDS: Host-based Intrusion Detection System HIPS: Host-based Intrusion Prevention System HMAC: Keyed-Hash Message Authentication Code HOTP: HMAC-based One-Time Password HSM: Hardware Security Module HSMaaS: Hardware Security Module as a Service HTML: Hypertext Markup Language HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol HTTPS: Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure HVAC: Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning IaaS: Infrastructure as a Service IAM: Identity and Access Management ICMP: Internet Control Message Protocol ICS: Industrial Control System IDEA: International Data Encryption Algorithm IDF: Intermediate Distribution Frame IdP: Identity Provider IDS: Intrusion Detection System IPS: Intrusion Prevention System IEEE: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IKE: Internet Key Exchange IM: Instant Messaging IMAP4: Internet Message Access Protocol version 4 IoC: Indicator of Compromise IoT: Internet of Things IP: Internet Protocol IPSec: Internet Protocol Security IR: Incident Response IRC: Internet Relay Chat IRP: Incident Response Plan ISA: Interconnection Security Agreement ISFW: Integrated Security and Firewalls ISO: International Organization for Standardization ISP: Internet Service Provider ISSO: Information Systems Security Officer ITCP: Information Technology Contingency Plan IV: Initialization Vector KDC: Key Distribution Center KEK: Key Encryption Key L2TP: Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol LAN: Local Area Network LDAP: Lightweight Directory Access Protocol LEAP: Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol MaaS: Monitoring as a Service MAC: Media Access Control MAM: Mobile Application Management MAN: Metropolitan Area Network MBR: Master Boot Record MD5: Message Digest Algorithm 5 MDF: Main Distribution Frame MDM: Mobile Device Management MFA: Multi-Factor Authentication MFD: Multi-Function Device MFP: Multi-Function Printer ML: Machine Learning MMS: Multimedia Messaging Service MOA: Memorandum of Agreement MOU: Memorandum of Understanding MPLS: Multiprotocol Label Switching MSA: Master Service Agreement MSP: Managed Service Provider MSSP: Managed Security Service Provider MTBF: Mean Time Between Failures MTTF: Mean Time To Failure MTTR: Mean Time To Repair MTU: Maximum Transmission Unit NAC: Network Access Control NAT: Network Address Translation NDA: Non-Disclosure Agreement NFC: Near Field Communication NFV: Network Functions Virtualization NGFW: Next-Generation Firewall NG-SWG: Next-Generation Secure Web Gateway NIC: Network Interface Card NIDS: Network Intrusion Detection System NIPS: Network Intrusion Prevention System NIST: National Institute of Standards and Technology NOC: Network Operations Center NTFS: New Technology File System NTLM: New Technology LAN Manager NTP: Network Time Protocol OCSP: Online Certificate Status Protocol OID: Object Identifier OS: Operating System OAI: OpenID Authentication OSINT: Open Source Intelligence OSPF: Open Shortest Path First OT: Operational Technology OTA: Over-the-Air OTG: On-The-Go OVAL: Open Vulnerability and Assessment Language OWASP: Open Web Application Security Project P12: Personal Information Exchange Format P2P: Peer-to-Peer PaaS: Platform as a Service PAC: Proxy Auto-Configuration PAM: Privileged Access Management PAP: Password Authentication Protocol PAT: Port Address Translation PBKDF2: Password-Based Key Derivation Function 2 PBX: Private Branch Exchange PCAP: Packet Capture PCI DSS: Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard PDU: Protocol Data Unit PE: Protected Extensible Authentication Protocol PEAP: Protected Extensible Authentication Protocol PED: Portable Electronic Device PEM: Privacy Enhanced Mail PFS: Perfect Forward Secrecy PGP: Pretty Good Privacy PHI: Protected Health Information PII: Personally Identifiable Information PIN: Personal Identification Number PIV: Personal Identity Verification PKCS: Public Key Cryptography Standards PKI: Public Key Infrastructure PoC: Proof of Concept POP: Post Office Protocol POTS: Plain Old Telephone Service PPP: Point-to-Point Protocol PPTP: Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol PSK: Pre-Shared Key PTZ: Pan-Tilt-Zoom PUP: Potentially Unwanted Program QA: Quality Assurance QoS: Quality of Service RA: Recovery Agent RAD: Rapid Application Development RADIUS: Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service RAID: Redundant Array of Independent Disks RAM: Random Access Memory RAS: Remote Access Service RAT: Remote Access Trojan RC4: Rivest Cipher 4 RCS: Remote Control System RFC: Request for Comments RFID: Radio-Frequency Identification RIPEMD: RACE Integrity Primitives Evaluation Message Digest ROI: Return on Investment RPO: Recovery Point Objective RSA: Rivest-Shamir-Adleman RTBH: Remote Triggered Black Hole RTO: Recovery Time Objective RTOS: Real-Time Operating System RTP: Real-Time Transport Protocol S/MIME: Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions SaaS: Software as a Service SAE: Simultaneous Authentication of Equals SAML: Security Assertion Markup Language SCADA: Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition SCAP: Security Content Automation Protocol SCEP: Simple Certificate Enrollment Protocol SDK: Software Development Kit SDLC: Software Development Life Cycle SDLM: Software Development Lifecycle Management SDN: Software-Defined Networking SDP: Session Description Protocol SDV: Software-Defined Vehicle SED: Self-Encrypting Drive SEH: Structured Exception Handler SFTP: Secure File Transfer Protocol SHA: Secure Hash Algorithm SIEM: Security Information and Event Management SIM: Subscriber Identity Module SIP: Session Initiation Protocol SLA: Service Level Agreement SLE: Single Loss Expectancy SMB: Server Message Block SMS: Short Message Service SMTP/S: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol/Secure SNMP: Simple Network Management Protocol SOAP: Simple Object Access Protocol SOAR: Security Orchestration, Automation, and Response SoC: Security Operations Center SOC: System-On-Chip SPF: Sender Policy Framework SPIM: Spam Over Instant Messaging SQL: Structured Query Language SQLi: SQL Injection SRTP: Secure Real-Time Transport Protocol SSD: Solid-State Drive SSH: Secure Shell SSID: Service Set Identifier SSL: Secure Sockets Layer SSO: Single Sign-On STIX: Structured Threat Information eXpression STP: Spanning Tree Protocol SWG: Secure Web Gateway TACACS+: Terminal Access Controller Access-Control System Plus TGT: Ticket Granting Ticket TKIP: Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TLS: Transport Layer Security TOTP: Time-Based One-Time Password TPM: Trusted Platform Module TSIG: Transaction Signature TTP: Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures UAT: User Acceptance Testing UDP: User Datagram Protocol UEBA: User and Entity Behavior Analytics UEFI: Unified Extensible Firmware Interface UEM: Unified Endpoint Management UPS: Uninterruptible Power Supply URI: Uniform Resource Identifier URL: Uniform Resource Locator USB: Universal Serial Bus USB OTG: USB On-The-Go UTM: Unified Threat Management UTP: Unshielded Twisted Pair VBA: Visual Basic for Applications VDE: Virtual Desktop Environment VDI: Virtual Desktop Infrastructure VLAN: Virtual Local Area Network VLSM: Variable Length Subnet Masking VM: Virtual Machine VoIP: Voice over Internet Protocol VPC: Virtual Private Cloud VPN: Virtual Private Network VTC: Video Teleconferencing WAF: Web Application Firewall WAP: Wireless Access Point WEP: Wired Equivalent Privacy WIDS: Wireless Intrusion Detection System WIPS: Wireless Intrusion Prevention System WORM: Write Once, Read Many WPA: Wi-Fi Protected Access WPS: Wi-Fi Protected Setup XaaS: Anything as a Service XSRF: Cross-Site Request Forgery

Hi ShopifyeCommerce - I'm Paul and I follow the e-commerce industry closely for my Shopifreaks E-commerce Newsletter. Each week I post a summary recap of the week's top stories, which I cover in depth in the newsletter. Let's dive in...
STAT OF THE WEEK: Amazon could finally surpass Walmart to become the nation’s biggest company by revenue, having grown by 12% last year compared with Walmart's growth of 6%. Two more years of similar growth discrepancy would push Amazon past Walmart in sales.
Shopify is suing Shopline in New York federal court, accusing it of illegally copying Shopify's software to build its own e-commerce platform. Shopline is a Singapore-based subsidiary of the Chinese technology company JOYY Inc. Shopify said in the lawsuit that Shopline created a “thinly disguised knockoff” of its Dawn theme to power a competing e-commerce service. The lawsuit even says that the “Shopify” name still appears in the code of various versions of Seed that Shopline is distributing, and that Shopify found a Chinese webpage hosted by Joyy with the title “Seed Theme” that still carries headers reading “dawn-test.”
In other lawsuit news this week — Temu is facing legal action from 17 companies accusing it of violating new EU laws with “manipulative practices” such as making it difficult to delete your account, and lack of transparency over who their sellers are and why certain products are recommended to customers. Temu was the most downloaded app in the UK in 2023 and still remains as a top downloaded app in 2024.
The state of Arizona has taken legal action against Amazon, launching two lawsuits that accuse the company of monopolistic behavior and deceptive practices involving dark patterns. The first lawsuit claims that Amazon's business practices violate the state's Consumer Fraud Act by employing dark patterns to make it difficult for users to cancel their Amazon Prime subscriptions. The second lawsuit alleges that Amazon breaches Arizona's Uniform State Antitrust Act by maintaining a monopoly via enforcing agreements with third-party sellers to prevent them from offering lower prices on other platforms. It also challenges Amazon's Buy Box algorithm under the Consumer Fraud Act, claiming that it favors sellers who use Fulfillment By Amazon. The legal actions echo similar complaints from the FTC and various states.
Last week Amazon made a big splash with its first-ever event during upfront week, taking over Pier 36 in New York which has previously hosted upfront presentations from Disney and TelevisaUnivision. The company called on celebrities including Jake Gyllenhaal, Reese Witherspoon, Will Ferrell, and Alicia Keys to demonstrate how premium their content is. Amazon worked to separate itself from its competitors by showcasing its scale. Prime Video now has an average monthly ad-supported reach of 200M customers, with 115M in the US, making it the largest premium ad-supported streaming service both globally and in the U.S. It also announced new upcoming series such as Spider-Man Noir, Tomb Raider, and a prequel to Legally Blond.
eBay launched a new feature called “resell on eBay” that is designed to make it easier for brands and consumers to list clothing for sale on its marketplace. The feature is built into Certilogo, which was acquired by eBay in 2023, which features an AI-powered digital ID printed on the product tag to help brands manage the lifecycle of their garments and give consumers a way to confirm the item's authenticity. Users scan a QR code on a product's smart label to generate a “resell your garment” button. Clicking the button directs the user to check the authenticity of the item through Certilogo's AI authentication system by signing in with their eBay account. From there, an eBay listing is prefilled with information from the brand about the item. Users can then edit the listing, upload additional photos, and publish the item for sale.
Poshmark launched a new paid marketing tool called “Promoted Closets” that gives sellers the ability to promote their entire shop at once. The tool uses machine learning to automatically promote individual product listings from a seller's entire inventory, identifying shoppers' search terms and matching them with promoted items. Promoted Closet works on a cost per click model where sellers only get charged when a shopper clicks and views the item from a promoted listing. There's an option to set the budget manually or get a recommendation from Poshmark. Each campaign lasts for 7 days.
Klarna says that it is not sharing its customer data with credit bureaus in the US because the bureaus “do not have proper models to responsibly process the data and ensure good consumer outcomes.” It does share its data with UK credit bureaus. Klarna added that the credit models used today in the US “were built decades ago and calculate data based on monthly payments, long-term loans, and open lines of credit. But BNPL does not fit into these categories.” The company claims that BNPL is different because it offers bi-weekly instead of monthly payments, and unlike a credit card, Klarna doesn't offer an open line of credit.
Third party sellers on Amazon, which make up 60% of sales on Amazon's marketplace, are reconsidering how heavily they'll discount products this year for Prime Day, given how much seller fees have increased on the platform in recent months, according to Modern Retail. According to data from SmartScout, Amazon FBA fees for standard-sized products have jumped 96% over the past 10 years, outpacing inflation. Seller fees can eat up about half the cost per sale on Amazon, according to Marketplace Pulse. That doesn't leave much room for running Prime Day deals, which primarily benefit Amazon as opposed to the individual merchants who are pressured to wipe out their little remaining margin for the sake of running a deal at all.
Netflix announced durings it Upfronts presentation that it's launching its own advertising platform to compete against Google, Amazon, Hulu, Comcast, and other ad giants. Amazon has only been in the advertising business for a year and a half after launching its ad-supported tier in Nov 2022. Netflix originally partnered with Microsoft to develop its ad tech, which let the streaming platform enter the ad space quickly and catch up with rivals like Hulu, which has offered an ad-supported tier since 2010. Launching its own in-house ad tech will allow Netflix to take full control of its advertising and create targeted and personalized ad experiences. Netflix wants to experiment with “episodic” campaigns, which involves a series of ads that tell a story rather than delivering repetitive ads. Brilliant!
Slack is under attack after users discovered that the company has been using their messages, content, and files to train its global AI models, which Slack uses to power their channel and emoji recommendations and search results. It was discovered that if you don't want Slack to use your data, you have to e-mail the company to opt-out, which isn't a good look for a company that makes a big deal out of telling customers that “You control your data.” In response to the outrage, Slack published a blog post to clarify how its customers' data is used.
Google will now let you perform a “web” search, which lets you filter out almost all of its AI results and knowledge panels that currently take over its SERPs, leaving you with just links and text like the old days. The order of the search results are the same regardless of whether you pick “web” or “all”, and it doesn't block links to YouTube videos or Reddit posts. There are also still ads that appear above and below the results.
YouTube is officially launching its YouTube Select “creator takeovers,” which lets advertisers buy out the ad inventory on channels representing the top 1% of content on the platform. The program began as a pilot at the end of 2023 and is now opening to more top creators.
Wix launched three new AI-powered image enhancement and creation tools to help users create and display high-quality images. The new tools include an AI Image Creator to make the images, Object Eraser to remove unwanted objects in the images, and AI Image Editor to add/edit portions of the image. Honestly, the three tools kind of sound like one tool with three features, but you do you, Wix.
Temu, which is already 20% bigger than Shein in the US and gets 42% of its business from the US, Mexico, and Chile, is turning its attention to Europe and wants to grow rapidly in the region. The company has redirected its enormous ad spend to Europe and Mexico while Washington scrutinizes its business practices in the US.
Visa announced major changes to how its credit and debit cards will operate in the US in the coming months and years. The new features mean consumers will be carrying fewer physical cards in their wallets, and will make the 16-digit card number increasingly irrelevant. The biggest change will be the ability for banks to issue one physical card that is connected to multiple bank accounts, which consumers can apply usage rules to.
Mastercard and Salesforce announced a new integration designed to help customers speed up the resolution of transaction disputes and chargebacks, as well as reduce costs associated with resolving them. The partnership will integrate Salesforce's Financial Services Cloud with Mastercard's dispute resolution services, providing real time notifications and a central dashboard for managing disputes.
Meta is taking inspiration from BeReal and Snapchat by developing a feature for Instagram called “Peek” that allows users to post authentic pictures that can only be viewed once. A photo shared via a Peek would have to be taken with your camera in the moment, as you would not be able to upload an image from your gallery, and you won't be able to add filters or edit the photo.
Ikea launched a TikTok livestream where cats and dogs model and demonstrate new Ikea products for pets. The Pet Shopping Network will appear for everyone in the UK on TikTok and showcase pets demonstrating Ikea's 29-piece pet furniture range.
Sam's Club is planning to launch an online shopping portal in Hong Kong within the next two months, giving the territory access to its products via e-commerce. The service will include free delivery for purchases over 599 yuan ($83).
Amazon raised warehouse worker wages to $15/hour five years ago, but today half of workers surveyed told researchers they struggle to afford food and rent. Amazon called the researcher's methodology “deeply flawed” and said the company had tried to raise its concerns with the study’s authors but never heard back.
Lots of layoffs this week… Amazon laid off more than 100 customer service reps, Walmart let go of hundreds of corporate staffers and ordering employees across the US and Canada, Gopuff laid off 6% of its staff, and Indeed laid off 8% of its workforce.
Remember that former diversity program manager at Facebook who stole more than $4M from the company through fake business deals in exchange for kickbacks? I first reported on Barbara Furlow-Smiles in December of last year when she pled guilty to the theft. Well, last week she was sentenced to five years and three months in prison for her scheme.
In the world of corporate turnover… The chief of Amazon Web Services, Adam Selipsky, is stepping down next month after a three-year term to be replaced by Matt Garman, a senior VP who has overseen sales and marketing at AWS. Also, eBay's VP of Global Communications, Michelle Friedman, departed the company to take on a role at Samsara, a cloud platform built for tracking and analyzing data from physical operations.
Meta is shutting down Workspace, a version of Facebook that had been built to enable communication among business teams and organizations. Sources say that it will be business as usual on the platform until August 25, 2025, and then it will be read-only until May 2026. Meta is recommending Zoom-owned Workvivo as a migration-ready alternative.
Ted Baker Canada is holding store-closing clearance sales across locations in the US and Canada after filing for bankruptcy in April. As of May 10th, online shopping is no longer available and all sales are final across the company's brick-and-mortar retail locations.
Sezzle, a US-based BNPL service, partnered up with Celerant Technology, a POS system for retailers, to offer a BNPL option when checking out in-store . The two companies had partnered in 2023 to offer BNPL options online, and now the solution is being brought to brick-and-mortar stores.
BuyBay, a Dutch recommerce platform, is launching a SaaS product using its own recommerce software. Retailers and manufacturers can now resell unreturned products from their own distribution center, which helps reduce CO2-emissions and increase profits.
Setapp Mobile, a subscription-based alternative to the Apple App Store that's now possible thanks to the EU's Digital Markets Act, went into invite-only beta last week. The new app store allows customers to play with a range of apps without being hit with reduced features, ads, options to upgrade, and without spending money on something they may not use. The biggest challenge with the Setapp iOS store is getting the app installed on your iPhone, which involves following a link, installing software, and then activating it — a process made intentionally cumbersome by Apple.
Avalara expanded its partnership with Shopify by joining the Shopify Tax Platform. Avalara has powered tax calculation for Shopify Plus customers since 2015, and now through the Shopify Tax Partner Platform, the company can serve all Shopify customers with their global tax compliance tools.
Walmart delivered 4.4B items the same day or next day, beating Amazon, which said it did 4B items in one day. Walmart's advantage is that it uses stores for its same-day deliveries.
Plus 9 seed rounds, IPOs, and acquisitions of interest including Gorgias's $29M Series C-2 round, which it plans to use the funds from to launch its new AI Agent.
I hope you found this recap helpful. See you next week! For more details on each story and sources, see the full edition: https://www.shopifreaks.com/shopify-sues-shopline-ebays-qr-code-netflixs-new-ad-serve What else is new in e-commerce? Share stories of interesting in the comments below (including in your own business) or on shopifreaks. -PAUL Editor of Shopifreaks E-commerce Newsletter PS: Want the full editions delivered to your Inbox each week? Join free at www.shopifreaks.com

Hi - I'm Paul and I follow the e-commerce industry closely for my Shopifreaks E-commerce Newsletter. Each week I post a summary recap of the week's top stories, which I cover in depth with sources in the full edition. Let's dive in...
STAT OF THE WEEK: Amazon could finally surpass Walmart to become the nation’s biggest company by revenue, having grown by 12% last year compared with Walmart's growth of 6%. Two more years of similar growth discrepancy would push Amazon past Walmart in sales.
Shopify is suing Shopline in New York federal court, accusing it of illegally copying Shopify's software to build its own e-commerce platform. Shopline is a Singapore-based subsidiary of the Chinese technology company JOYY Inc. Shopify said in the lawsuit that Shopline created a “thinly disguised knockoff” of its Dawn theme to power a competing e-commerce service. The lawsuit even says that the “Shopify” name still appears in the code of various versions of Seed that Shopline is distributing, and that Shopify found a Chinese webpage hosted by Joyy with the title “Seed Theme” that still carries headers reading “dawn-test.”
In other lawsuit news this week — Temu is facing legal action from 17 companies accusing it of violating new EU laws with “manipulative practices” such as making it difficult to delete your account, and lack of transparency over who their sellers are and why certain products are recommended to customers. Temu was the most downloaded app in the UK in 2023 and still remains as a top downloaded app in 2024.
The state of Arizona has taken legal action against Amazon, launching two lawsuits that accuse the company of monopolistic behavior and deceptive practices involving dark patterns. The first lawsuit claims that Amazon's business practices violate the state's Consumer Fraud Act by employing dark patterns to make it difficult for users to cancel their Amazon Prime subscriptions. The second lawsuit alleges that Amazon breaches Arizona's Uniform State Antitrust Act by maintaining a monopoly via enforcing agreements with third-party sellers to prevent them from offering lower prices on other platforms. It also challenges Amazon's Buy Box algorithm under the Consumer Fraud Act, claiming that it favors sellers who use Fulfillment By Amazon. The legal actions echo similar complaints from the FTC and various states.
Last week Amazon made a big splash with its first-ever event during upfront week, taking over Pier 36 in New York which has previously hosted upfront presentations from Disney and TelevisaUnivision. The company called on celebrities including Jake Gyllenhaal, Reese Witherspoon, Will Ferrell, and Alicia Keys to demonstrate how premium their content is. Amazon worked to separate itself from its competitors by showcasing its scale. Prime Video now has an average monthly ad-supported reach of 200M customers, with 115M in the US, making it the largest premium ad-supported streaming service both globally and in the U.S. It also announced new upcoming series such as Spider-Man Noir, Tomb Raider, and a prequel to Legally Blond.
eBay launched a new feature called “resell on eBay” that is designed to make it easier for brands and consumers to list clothing for sale on its marketplace. The feature is built into Certilogo, which was acquired by eBay in 2023, which features an AI-powered digital ID printed on the product tag to help brands manage the lifecycle of their garments and give consumers a way to confirm the item's authenticity. Users scan a QR code on a product's smart label to generate a “resell your garment” button. Clicking the button directs the user to check the authenticity of the item through Certilogo's AI authentication system by signing in with their eBay account. From there, an eBay listing is prefilled with information from the brand about the item. Users can then edit the listing, upload additional photos, and publish the item for sale.
Poshmark launched a new paid marketing tool called “Promoted Closets” that gives sellers the ability to promote their entire shop at once. The tool uses machine learning to automatically promote individual product listings from a seller's entire inventory, identifying shoppers' search terms and matching them with promoted items. Promoted Closet works on a cost per click model where sellers only get charged when a shopper clicks and views the item from a promoted listing. There's an option to set the budget manually or get a recommendation from Poshmark. Each campaign lasts for 7 days.
Klarna says that it is not sharing its customer data with credit bureaus in the US because the bureaus “do not have proper models to responsibly process the data and ensure good consumer outcomes.” It does share its data with UK credit bureaus. Klarna added that the credit models used today in the US “were built decades ago and calculate data based on monthly payments, long-term loans, and open lines of credit. But BNPL does not fit into these categories.” The company claims that BNPL is different because it offers bi-weekly instead of monthly payments, and unlike a credit card, Klarna doesn't offer an open line of credit.
Third party sellers on Amazon, which make up 60% of sales on Amazon's marketplace, are reconsidering how heavily they'll discount products this year for Prime Day, given how much seller fees have increased on the platform in recent months, according to Modern Retail. According to data from SmartScout, Amazon FBA fees for standard-sized products have jumped 96% over the past 10 years, outpacing inflation. Seller fees can eat up about half the cost per sale on Amazon, according to Marketplace Pulse. That doesn't leave much room for running Prime Day deals, which primarily benefit Amazon as opposed to the individual merchants who are pressured to wipe out their little remaining margin for the sake of running a deal at all.
Netflix announced durings it Upfronts presentation that it's launching its own advertising platform to compete against Google, Amazon, Hulu, Comcast, and other ad giants. Amazon has only been in the advertising business for a year and a half after launching its ad-supported tier in Nov 2022. Netflix originally partnered with Microsoft to develop its ad tech, which let the streaming platform enter the ad space quickly and catch up with rivals like Hulu, which has offered an ad-supported tier since 2010. Launching its own in-house ad tech will allow Netflix to take full control of its advertising and create targeted and personalized ad experiences. Netflix wants to experiment with “episodic” campaigns, which involves a series of ads that tell a story rather than delivering repetitive ads. Brilliant!
Slack is under attack after users discovered that the company has been using their messages, content, and files to train its global AI models, which Slack uses to power their channel and emoji recommendations and search results. It was discovered that if you don't want Slack to use your data, you have to e-mail the company to opt-out, which isn't a good look for a company that makes a big deal out of telling customers that “You control your data.” In response to the outrage, Slack published a blog post to clarify how its customers' data is used.
Google will now let you perform a “web” search, which lets you filter out almost all of its AI results and knowledge panels that currently take over its SERPs, leaving you with just links and text like the old days. The order of the search results are the same regardless of whether you pick “web” or “all”, and it doesn't block links to YouTube videos or Reddit posts. There are also still ads that appear above and below the results.
YouTube is officially launching its YouTube Select “creator takeovers,” which lets advertisers buy out the ad inventory on channels representing the top 1% of content on the platform. The program began as a pilot at the end of 2023 and is now opening to more top creators.
Wix launched three new AI-powered image enhancement and creation tools to help users create and display high-quality images. The new tools include an AI Image Creator to make the images, Object Eraser to remove unwanted objects in the images, and AI Image Editor to add/edit portions of the image. Honestly, the three tools kind of sound like one tool with three features, but you do you, Wix.
Temu, which is already 20% bigger than Shein in the US and gets 42% of its business from the US, Mexico, and Chile, is turning its attention to Europe and wants to grow rapidly in the region. The company has redirected its enormous ad spend to Europe and Mexico while Washington scrutinizes its business practices in the US.
Visa announced major changes to how its credit and debit cards will operate in the US in the coming months and years. The new features mean consumers will be carrying fewer physical cards in their wallets, and will make the 16-digit card number increasingly irrelevant. The biggest change will be the ability for banks to issue one physical card that is connected to multiple bank accounts, which consumers can apply usage rules to.
Mastercard and Salesforce announced a new integration designed to help customers speed up the resolution of transaction disputes and chargebacks, as well as reduce costs associated with resolving them. The partnership will integrate Salesforce's Financial Services Cloud with Mastercard's dispute resolution services, providing real time notifications and a central dashboard for managing disputes.
Meta is taking inspiration from BeReal and Snapchat by developing a feature for Instagram called “Peek” that allows users to post authentic pictures that can only be viewed once. A photo shared via a Peek would have to be taken with your camera in the moment, as you would not be able to upload an image from your gallery, and you won't be able to add filters or edit the photo.
Ikea launched a TikTok livestream where cats and dogs model and demonstrate new Ikea products for pets. The Pet Shopping Network will appear for everyone in the UK on TikTok and showcase pets demonstrating Ikea's 29-piece pet furniture range.
Sam's Club is planning to launch an online shopping portal in Hong Kong within the next two months, giving the territory access to its products via e-commerce. The service will include free delivery for purchases over 599 yuan ($83).
Amazon raised warehouse worker wages to $15/hour five years ago, but today half of workers surveyed told researchers they struggle to afford food and rent. Amazon called the researcher's methodology “deeply flawed” and said the company had tried to raise its concerns with the study’s authors but never heard back.
Lots of layoffs this week… Amazon laid off more than 100 customer service reps, Walmart let go of hundreds of corporate staffers and ordering employees across the US and Canada, Gopuff laid off 6% of its staff, and Indeed laid off 8% of its workforce.
Remember that former diversity program manager at Facebook who stole more than $4M from the company through fake business deals in exchange for kickbacks? I first reported on Barbara Furlow-Smiles in December of last year when she pled guilty to the theft. Well, last week she was sentenced to five years and three months in prison for her scheme.
In the world of corporate turnover… The chief of Amazon Web Services, Adam Selipsky, is stepping down next month after a three-year term to be replaced by Matt Garman, a senior VP who has overseen sales and marketing at AWS. Also, eBay's VP of Global Communications, Michelle Friedman, departed the company to take on a role at Samsara, a cloud platform built for tracking and analyzing data from physical operations.
Meta is shutting down Workspace, a version of Facebook that had been built to enable communication among business teams and organizations. Sources say that it will be business as usual on the platform until August 25, 2025, and then it will be read-only until May 2026. Meta is recommending Zoom-owned Workvivo as a migration-ready alternative.
Ted Baker Canada is holding store-closing clearance sales across locations in the US and Canada after filing for bankruptcy in April. As of May 10th, online shopping is no longer available and all sales are final across the company's brick-and-mortar retail locations.
Sezzle, a US-based BNPL service, partnered up with Celerant Technology, a POS system for retailers, to offer a BNPL option when checking out in-store . The two companies had partnered in 2023 to offer BNPL options online, and now the solution is being brought to brick-and-mortar stores.
BuyBay, a Dutch recommerce platform, is launching a SaaS product using its own recommerce software. Retailers and manufacturers can now resell unreturned products from their own distribution center, which helps reduce CO2-emissions and increase profits.
Setapp Mobile, a subscription-based alternative to the Apple App Store that's now possible thanks to the EU's Digital Markets Act, went into invite-only beta last week. The new app store allows customers to play with a range of apps without being hit with reduced features, ads, options to upgrade, and without spending money on something they may not use. The biggest challenge with the Setapp iOS store is getting the app installed on your iPhone, which involves following a link, installing software, and then activating it — a process made intentionally cumbersome by Apple.
Avalara expanded its partnership with Shopify by joining the Shopify Tax Platform. Avalara has powered tax calculation for Shopify Plus customers since 2015, and now through the Shopify Tax Partner Platform, the company can serve all Shopify customers with their global tax compliance tools.
Walmart delivered 4.4B items the same day or next day, beating Amazon, which said it did 4B items in one day. Walmart's advantage is that it uses stores for its same-day deliveries.
Plus 9 seed rounds, IPOs, and acquisitions of interest including Gorgias's $29M Series C-2 round, which it plans to use the funds from to launch its new AI Agent.
I hope you found this recap helpful. See you next week!
PAUL Editor of Shopifreaks E-Commerce Newsletter
PS: If I missed any big news this week, please share in the comments.

The Legacy of Brian Eno: An In-Depth Analysis of His Music and Influence

Brian Eno is a pioneering English musician, composer, and producer known for his groundbreaking work in ambient music, as well as his innovative approaches to electronic and experimental music. Eno’s influence extends across various genres and has significantly shaped contemporary music practices. Here’s an in-depth analysis of his musical characteristics, compositional techniques, cultural impact, notable works, and a theoretical doctoral analysis.

Musical Characteristics

Innovative Soundscapes: - Ambient Music: Eno is a central figure in the creation and development of ambient music, characterized by its atmospheric, immersive soundscapes designed to alter perception of the environment. - Texture and Space: His music often focuses on texture and space rather than traditional melody and harmony, creating a sense of vastness and contemplation.
Minimalist Approach: - Repetition and Variation: Eno’s compositions frequently employ repetitive patterns with subtle variations, drawing influence from minimalist composers like Steve Reich and Philip Glass. - Simplicity and Complexity: He balances simple musical ideas with complex sonic layers, making his music accessible yet profound.
Electronic Innovation: - Synthesizers and Tape Loops: Eno extensively uses synthesizers, tape loops, and other electronic devices to create evolving, organic sounds. - Studio as Instrument: He treats the recording studio as an instrument, using production techniques to manipulate sound in novel ways.
Generative Music: - Algorithmic Composition: Eno explores generative music, where systems and algorithms create music that evolves over time, ensuring each listening experience is unique. - Interactive Music: His work often involves interaction, either through audience participation or through systems that respond to environmental stimuli.

Cultural Impact

• Ambient Music Pioneer: Eno’s development of ambient music has had a profound influence on numerous genres, including electronic, new age, and contemporary classical music.
• Collaborations: He has collaborated with a wide range of artists across genres, including David Bowie, U2, and Talking Heads, bringing his innovative approach to mainstream music.
• Music Production: As a producer, Eno’s techniques have shaped iconic albums and influenced modern music production practices.

Notable Works

1. Ambient 1: Music for Airports (1978): A seminal album in the ambient genre, designed to create a calming atmosphere.
2. Another Green World (1975): Blends pop sensibilities with experimental sounds, showcasing Eno’s versatility.
3. Discreet Music (1975): Pioneers the concept of generative music, with evolving loops creating a meditative soundscape.
4. Ambient 4: On Land (1982): Uses field recordings and electronic sounds to evoke specific environments and moods.
5. Apollo: Atmospheres and Soundtracks (1983): A collaboration with Daniel Lanois and Roger Eno, featuring music inspired by space exploration.
6. Before and After Science (1977): Combines experimental tracks with more accessible songs, highlighting Eno’s broad range.
7. My Life in the Bush of Ghosts (1981, with David Byrne): Integrates world music samples and electronic beats, foreshadowing future trends in music sampling.
8. The Ship (2016): An ambient album that includes spoken word and explores themes of human vulnerability.
9. Small Craft on a Milk Sea (2010, with Jon Hopkins and Leo Abrahams): A collaboration that blends ambient textures with more rhythmic, structured elements.
10. Reflection (2017): A generative music piece designed to evolve infinitely, reflecting Eno’s ongoing interest in the intersection of music and technology.

Doctoral Theory Analysis

Introduction Brian Eno’s work represents a confluence of ambient, electronic, and experimental music, characterized by its innovative use of technology, minimalist approach, and exploration of generative systems. This analysis delves into the theoretical aspects of his compositions and their broader implications.
Innovative Soundscapes - Texture Over Melody: Eno prioritizes texture and spatial qualities over traditional melodic development, creating immersive environments that engage listeners on a sensory level. - Use of Silence and Space: His strategic use of silence and spatial manipulation within a piece enhances the ambient experience, encouraging deep listening and introspection.
Minimalist Approach - Repetition and Gradual Change: Drawing from minimalist traditions, Eno’s music often features repeating motifs that evolve gradually, fostering a meditative and hypnotic effect. - Layering and Density: He layers simple musical elements to create complex textures, allowing subtle changes to emerge over time.
Electronic Innovation - Synthesizers and Processing: Eno’s use of synthesizers and electronic processing techniques expands the sonic possibilities of his compositions, creating sounds that are both otherworldly and familiar. - Studio Techniques: His approach to the studio as an instrument involves innovative recording and production techniques, manipulating tape loops, reverb, and delay to shape sound.
Generative Music - Algorithmic Systems: Eno’s exploration of generative music involves creating systems that generate music algorithmically, ensuring a unique listening experience with each iteration. - Interaction and Environment: His generative works often interact with their environment, responding to variables such as time of day or audience interaction, blurring the lines between composer and listener.
Conclusion Brian Eno’s innovative approach to music composition and production has had a profound impact on contemporary music. His work in ambient and generative music, characterized by its focus on texture, space, and technological innovation, continues to influence a wide range of genres and artists. Eno’s legacy is a testament to his ability to expand the boundaries of music, creating immersive and evolving soundscapes that challenge traditional notions of composition and listening.
By exploring the theoretical underpinnings and practical applications of Eno’s music, we gain a deeper understanding of his contributions to the musical world and his ongoing influence on future generations of musicians and composers.

List 1- 400

1. 20MinTrader - Master Class
   
2. 7 Day Intensive Online Trader Training Programme - Trading Framework
   
3. Aaron Lynch - Ultimate Gann Course
   
4. ABCs of VSA by Laura Snedeker Tradeguider
   
5. Academy of Financial Trading Foundation
   
6. Academy of Learning
   
7. Adam Grimes - The Art And Science Of Trading
   
8. Adam Hewison - Ten to the Top
   
9. Adam Khoo - Advanced Options Ironstriker
   
10. Adam Khoo - Black Market 2021
    
11. Adam Khoo - Course Level 1 (pip Fisher)
    
12. Adam Khoo - Course Level 2 (Pip Netter)
    
13. Adam Khoo - Patterns of Excellence
    
14. Adam Khoo - Piranha Profits - Professional Options Trading Course Options
    
15. Adam Khoo - Piranha Profits - Stock Trading Course Level 1 Market Snapper
    
16. Adam Khoo - Piranha Profits - Stock Trading Course Level 2 Market Snapper
    
17. Adam Khoo - Value Momentum Investing(Whale Investor)
    
18. Adrienne Toghraie – Trading on Target
    
19. Advance Amibroker Coding Course
    
20. Advance Stock Trading (Short term, Swing and Long term)
    
21. Advance Technical Analysis Course
    
22. Advanced Butterfly Options Trading Course Strategy System
    
23. Advanced Cryptocurrency Trading - Blockchain at Berkeley
    
24. Advanced Forex Trading - Ichimoku Trading Strategy Explained
    
25. Advanced Get - Applying Technical Analysis Russian
    
26. Advanced Get esignal Study Material
    
27. Advanced Price Action - Air Forex One
    
28. Advanced Trading Course
    
29. Afiq Ziq
    
30. Agora Financial - Income on Demand
    
31. Agora Financial - Jim Rickards Intelligence Triggers
    
32. Aj Monte - Market Guys Five Points for Trading Success
    
33. AKFX
    
34. AKFX Private Zoom Calls ( ICT + Wyckoff)
    
35. Akil Stokes & Jason Graystone - TierOneTrading - Trading Edge 2019 Aug. 19th-22nd
    
36. Al Brooks - Price Action Trading Course
    
37. Al Brooks – Webinar from BigMike 2010
    
38. Al Brooks – Webinar from BigMike 2011
    
39. Alan Oliver - Trading with the Gods
    
40. Alan Oliver - W.D. Gann Analytics
    
41. Albert Yang – Trendfans & Trendline Breaks
    
42. Albert Yang – Trends & Trendlines
    
43. Alex Bastardas - Situational Trading-Proven Option Profits in any Scenario
    
44. Alex Szweda - Elliott Wave Theory With Fibonacci
    
45. Alexander Elder
    
46. Alexander Trading - New Foundations Course
    
47. Algo Trading With Amibroker (video with AFL)
    
48. Algoji - Algo Trading With Amibroker (video with AFL)
    
49. Algorithm Trading Robots Without Programming (17 Hrs) MT5
    
50. Algorithmic Trading In Forex Create Your First Forex Robot!
    
51. Algorithmic Trading Robots Without Programming
    
52. Ali Pashaei’s SPY Weekly Strategy – All Three Classes
    
53. Ali Velshi - Gimme My Money Back Audio Book
    
54. Aliff Awang course
    
55. Aliff Awang Ebook
    
56. Aliff Awang's Support & Resistance Course with Supply and Demand
    
57. Allen Maxwell, Scott Paton - Mindset for Success
    
58. Allen Sama - Blank Check Trading System and Training
    
59. Alpesh Patel – Trading Online
    
60. Alphafx Global
    
61. AlphaSharks - Covered Calls
    
62. AlphaSharks - Ichimoku.Cloud.Trading.Course.and.Trading.Room
    
63. AlphaSharks - Secrets Of Market Maker
    
64. AlphaSharks - Six Setups Using Ichimoku Kinko Hyo
    
65. AlphaSharks - Trade Earnings Using Measured Move
    
66. AlphaSharks - Trading a Low Volatility Environment Using Options
    
67. AlphaSharks - Unusual Options Activity Master Course
    
68. AlphaTrend - ATA Course
    
69. Anastasios G Malliaris, William T Ziemba - The World Scientific Handbook of Futures Markets
    
70. Andrea Unger - Master the course & GO LIVE
    
71. Andrew Keene - Ichimoku Cloud Course
    
72. Andrew Keene - Six Setups Using the Ichimoku Kinkō Hyō Course
    
73. Andrew Keene - Unusual Options Activity Master Course
    
74. Andrew Tate – Making Money in Defi + Update 1& 2
    
75. Andrew Unger - Trading Systems Supremacy
    
76. Andromeda FX Trading Academy - Fundamentals of Forex Trading
    
77. Andy Green - Practical Tools To Enhance Your Trading
    
78. Angel Traders - Forex Strategy Course
    
79. Angelo & Katie Namrevo - Trading Made Simple
    
80. Anil Mangal - Wave Trading
    
81. Anmol Singh - Forex Pro Trader
    
82. Anna Marko - Crypto On Fire
    
83. Anton Kreil - 10 Secrets to Achieve Financial Success
    
84. Anton Kreil - PFTM
    
85. Anton Kreil - POTM
    
86. Anton Kreil - PTM
    
87. Anton Kriel - PFTM
    
88. ApexFXPro.02.19
    
89. Apteros 21' Intensive
    
90. Arash
    
91. Ari Kiev - Becoming a Disciplined Trader
    
92. Ari Kiev – The Psychology of Risk (Audio)
    
93. Art of Charting
    
94. ART Trading – Bennett McDowell – A Trader’s Money Management System
    
95. Arthur Hill - RSI Trend-Following and Momentum Strategies
    
96. ASFX - Beginners Training Course
    
97. Asia Forex Mentor Proprietary One Core Program - Ezekiel Chew
    
98. Asian Summit - 30+ World's Best Trader (7 Day's Summit)
    
99. Assad Dossani - Option Master Course
    
100. AstroFX 2.0
     
101. AstroFX Course
     
102. AstroFX.2.0.Courses
     
103. Atlas Forex - Forex Course
     
104. Atlas.Forex.Forex.Course.02.19
     
105. Auction Market Foundations Course-Tom Alexander-1-7 - 2013
     
106. Authentic FX - Price Action Engine
     
107. Authentic Leekay FX Secrets Mentorship Program
     
108. AuthenticFX - Price Action Engine 2.0
     
109. Autotrading Academy - Algo Trading Strategies 2017
     
110. Avdo - ForexGrid Mentoring Program
     
111. Averill Strasser - Starting Your Own Trading Business
     
112. AW-2017 Course Wyckoff
     
113. Axia
     
114. Axia Futures - The Footprint Course
     
115. Axia Futures - Trading with Price Ladder and Order Flow Strategies
     
116. Axia Futures - Volume Profiling with Strategy Development
     
117. B K Forex - Crowd Fighter
     
118. B.O.S.S. Pack - Tricktrades
     
119. Backtest Wizard - Flagship Trading Course
     
120. Balance Trader - Market Profile
     
121. Bank Trader FX
     
122. Barrie Hetirachi's Advanced Five Point Pattern
     
123. Barry Burns – Trading Patterns for Producing Huge Profits
     
124. Barry Burns- Top Dog- Advanced Course- Advanced Price Patterns
     
125. Barry Rudd - Stock Patterns Day Trading Home Study Course
     
126. Barry Rudd - Stock Patterns for Day Trading Home Study Course
     
127. Barry Thornton’s Long Candle
     
128. Basic Market Profile and How I Use It
     
129. BCFX - Course
     
130. BCFX - Forex Course
     
131. BD_FX
     
132. Becoming Master of the Stock Market
     
133. Beginners Forex Class by Raghee Horner
     
134. Belfort Jordan – The Wolf of Wall Street
     
135. Ben Oberg - Millionaire Mafia Crypto Mastery
     
136. Benklifa Iron Condor
     
137. Bernie Schaeffer - The 10 most powerful option trading secrets
     
138. Best of Wyckoff - 2017
     
139. Better System Trader - Breakout Strategies Masterclass - Swing Strategies
     
140. Better System Trader - Smashing False Breakouts
     
141. Better System Trader - System Trading Unleashed
     
142. Better Trading Spotlight On - Steve Nison
     
143. BidHitter - Tape Reading For Intraday
     
144. Bierovic - Synergetic Technical Analysis
     
145. Big Forex Fortune
     
146. Bill Greg Poulos - Forex Nitty Gritty Course forexnittygritty
     
147. Bill Kaiser - Successful Online SP Trading
     
148. Bill Poulos – Power Trading Tactics Course
     
149. Bill Wermin-Stock Market - Swing Trading Strategies for Wall Street
     
150. Bill William - Chaos The New Map For Traders
     
151. Bill Williams - Chaos - The New Map for Traders
     
152. Bill Williams - Profitunity Course
     
153. Bill Williams - Should You Trade
     
154. Bill Williams - The Practical Fractal
     
155. Bill Williams - The Profitunity Home Study Course - [DVDRip - 14 mpg, 8 mp3, 5 pdf]
     
156. Billion Forex Group - Forex Course
     
157. billionaires-academy-self-paced-forex-trading-course
     
158. Binary Options The Bandit Strategy
     
159. Bitcoin and Cryptocurrency Bootcamp
     
160. Bitcoin Crash Course
     
161. Bitcoin Trading Course
     
162. BK Forex - Master Forex Fundamental + Day trading
     
163. BK Forex - NFP Webinar 02.05.2016
     
164. BK FOREX (FlyAway) Course
     
165. BKForex - Master Forex Fundamentals + Day Trading Masterclass
     
166. Black Rabbit - Smart Money Scalps
     
167. Black Rabbit - The Market Maker's Matrix Book
     
168. Blade Forex Strategies
     
169. Blockchain at Berkeley - Advanced Cryptocurrency Trading
     
170. Blue Capital Academy - The Box Strategy
     
171. Blue Edge Crypto Academy
     
172. Bo Yoder - The Top Five Reasons Traders Lose Money
     
173. Bob Evan
     
174. Bob Iaccino - Forex Classroom Coaching
     
175. Bob Iaccino's Advanced Forex Classroom (bobsforexclassroom.com)
     
176. Bob Miller s Gambling Principles
     
177. Bob Proctor - Living the Legacy
     
178. Bob Volman - Forex Price Action Scalping_2
     
179. Bob Volman - Understanding Price Action
     
180. Boba Trader Ebook
     
181. Bollinger Band Matrix Tactics by Mark Deaton
     
182. Bonsai Elite Wavetrader Trading Course
     
183. Boris Medvedo - Bullish Trading Academy
     
184. Boss Financial - Yield Farming MasterClass Course
     
185. BostickFX - Forex Trading Course
     
186. Brad Matheny & Gary Wagner -Advanced Trading Applications of Candlestick Charting - Volume
     
187. Brandon Leu - Richard Wyckoff Trading Method.mp4
     
188. Brendan Moynihan & Jim Paul - The Three Biggest Mistakes Traders Make
     
189. Brian Grete & Scott Davis - Combining Fundamental Technical Data To Boost Profits
     
190. Brian James Sklenka
     
191. Brian James Sklenka – Bodhi, Lighthouse, Truckin (Videos 45 Mb)
     
192. Brian James Sklenka – Cycle Hunter Genoa (Videos 57 MB)
     
193. Brian James Sklenka – WITS Turbo Seminars (Audio 5 CDS, 260 MB)
     
194. Brian Shannon - Introductory Course Module Class
     
195. Brian Shannon - Technical Analysis Videos Part I
     
196. Bridger Pennington - Investment Fund Secrets
     
197. Bruce Banks - Trading Mindset, and Three Steps To Profitable Trading
     
198. Bruce Kamich - Momentum Indicators
     
199. Bryce Gilmore - Trading to Win Course 2004 wavetrader
     
200. BS Apps FX - Technical Analysis Course
     
201. BTMM
     
202. Buff Dormeier - Volume Analysis series
     
203. Building trading algoritham with python
     
204. BULLFx Forex Trading - Course
     
205. BullsWave - Professional Trading With Elliot Wave
     
206. Buran Derivative Oscillator
     
207. Calendar Spread
     
208. Cameron Fous - The Krypton Crypto System 2021
     
209. Cameron Fous – Epic Sequal! FOUS4x2! New Day Trading Strategies
     
210. Candlestick Analysis For Professional Traders
     
211. Candlestick Trading Ninja 10 Hour Candlestick Certification
     
212. Candlestick_Forum.rar
     
213. Carolyn Boroden – Introduction to Fibonacci Time and Price Analysis
     
214. Carolyn Fibonacci
     
215. CarterFX Membership
     
216. CASTAWAY TRADER - TRADING HARMONIC ELLIOTT WAVES
     
217. Catching Market Cycle Waves (3 parts) -2-14-19.rar
     
218. Century Capital Group Course
     
219. Certification in Gann Square Trading (Technical Analysis)
     
220. CFA 2022 Level 1
     
221. CFA® Level 1 (20212022) - Complete Fixed Income
     
222. CFA® Level 1 (20212022) - Complete Quantitative Methods
     
223. CFA® Level 1 (2122) - Complete Financial Reporting Analysis
     
224. Chanel Stevens - Mogul Training Academy 2018 (Private Coaching Course )
     
225. ChaosTrader - Ichimoku Advanced Course
     
226. Charles Cottle - Foundations of Options – Beginners Options Trading
     
227. Charles Cottle - Options Trading Training - The Blend DC
     
228. Charles Cottle - RD1 The Hidden Reality
     
229. Charles Faulkner - Mastering High-Risk Decision Making
     
230. Charles Le Beau - A New Look At Exit Strategies
     
231. Charles Lebeau - Piranha SP System TS (traderclub.com)
     
232. Chart Pattern Trading - Advanced Stock Options Daytrading
     
233. Chart Reading Whiteboard Trading Course
     
234. ChartChampions
     
235. ChartGuys Essential Candlesticks Trading
     
236. Chiente Hsu - Rule Based Investing
     
237. Chippy Reality - Mentorship
     
238. Choch_FX Trading Plan
     
239. Chris Capre - 2nd Skies Advanced Ichimoku Course
     
240. Chris Capre - Advanced Price Action Course
     
241. Chris Capre - Advanced Price Action Course (2020)
     
242. Chris Capre - Advanced Price Action Course [20 mp4 + 1 pdf + 2 xlsx]-[Forex Trading]-by[TT]
     
243. Chris Capre - Advanced Traders Mindset Course
     
244. Chris Lori - Pro Trader Advance Forex Course
     
245. Chris Lori - understanding-global-fundamentals
     
246. Chris Manning - 3 Day Master Advanced Workshop Seminar
     
247. Chris Manning - Master Trading Workshop
     
248. Chris Martenson – The Crash Course
     
249. Chris Mathews - The Traders Mindset
     
250. Chris Mathis - The Ultimate Divergence Trading Course
     
251. Chris Tate - Breakout Trading Systems
     
252. Chuck Hughes - MVP Secrets
     
253. Chuck Hughes – Global PowerTrend System
     
254. Chuck Hughes – High Accuracy Trade Selection
     
255. Chuck LeBeau - A New Look At Exit Strategies
     
256. Chuck LeBeau - Precise Exits & Entries - Guide to ATR & ADI
     
257. ClayTrader - Advanced Options
     
258. ClayTrader - Mastering Level 2
     
259. ClayTrader - Risk Vs. Reward Trading
     
260. ClayTrader - Robotic Trading Skill Sharpening
     
261. ClayTrader - Shorting for Profit
     
262. ClayTrader - Trampoline Trading
     
263. ClayTrader - Volcano Trading
     
264. ClayTrader Mastering Level
     
265. Cloud9Forex - Online Course
     
266. CLS Course
     
267. CMT Exam - Review of Technical Analysis Book by Kirkpatrick & Dahlquist
     
268. CMT Exam Classes
     
269. CMT Program
     
270. Colibri Trader - The Price Action Method
     
271. Commodities Crash Course
     
272. CompassFX - DOTS Method
     
273. Complete Candlestick Trading
     
274. Complete trading course for intraday & swing trading by HYIT
     
275. CompleteTrader-Spartan forex Trade Room
     
276. Comprehensive Market Profile Seminar - Tom Alexander - 2011
     
277. Comprehensive Market Profile Seminar by Tom Alexander,
     
278. Condor Broken Wing Butterfly Options Trading Course System
     
279. Connie Brown - Price Projection Methods
     
280. Connors Research - Advanced AmiBroker Coding
     
281. Connors Research-Introduction to AmiBroker Programming
     
282. Consistent Options Income - Guns and Butter
     
283. Constance Brown - Price Projection Method.mp4
     
284. Constance Brown - Trading S&P with fibs and intermarket
     
285. Copy Trade Profit - Millionaire Forex Course
     
286. Corey Halliday - Build a Solid Foundation for Trading Options
     
287. Course Level 2 (Pip Netter)
     
288. Cristina Ciurea - Scientific Forex Trading
     
289. Crypto Crew University
     
290. Crypto Flash Trader
     
291. Crypto Market Volatility Update
     
292. Crypto Picasso - Elliot Wave & Market Psychology Course
     
293. Crypto Picasso Bits to Freedom Video Course
     
294. Crypto Swap Profits Mastermind
     
295. Crypto Trading Mastery
     
296. Cryptocurrency Trading and ICO Investment Masterclass 2018
     
297. cryptocurrency_masterclass_how_to_select_an_altcoin_explore_beyond
     
298. Cryptonary Cryptocurrency Course
     
299. Currency Trading Crash Course
     
300. Currency--Commodity-Options GC
     
301. Curso Price Action Profissional 2018 - André Machado - Portuguese
     
302. CURSO TRADING SISTEM PHICUBE - BO WILLIAM
     
303. Curtis Arnold - Using Pattern Probability to Trade With The Trend
     
304. Cynthia Kase - Applying Breakthrough Trading Tools
     
305. D-Trading
     
306. D.B. Vaello - The Institute of Order Flow Analytics - Intensive Boot Camp 5 Day Course
     
307. DailyFX Forex Trading
     
308. Dalton Capital - Using Market Logic Techniques with the Market Profile - Advanced Course
     
309. Damon Verial - Gap.Trading.for.Stock.and.Options.Traders
     
310. Damon Verial - How to Predict and Prepare for a Stock Market Crash
     
311. Damon Verial - Risk Management and Trading Psychology for Investors
     
312. Dan Gibby - Mastering The Markets
     
313. Dan Hollings - The Plan
     
314. Dan Kennedy - The Source Code to Business Success and Advanced Wealth Attraction
     
315. Dan Manternach & Scott Davis – Multiply Your Money with Ag Commodities
     
316. Dan Sheridan - 8 Successful Iron Condor Methodologies
     
317. Dan Sheridan - Butterflies for monthly Income 2016
     
318. Dan Sheridan - Fantastic 4
     
319. Dan Sheridan - Trading Weekly Options for Income 2016
     
320. Dan Zanger
     
321. Daniel Bustamante – Learn to Make Money Trading Options
     
322. Daniel Savage - The NEW Bundle
     
323. Daryl Guppy - Modern Darvas Trading Course
     
324. Daryl Guppy - Precision Pattern Trading Course
     
325. Dave Caplan - How To Use Option Volatility To Turn Trading Odds
     
326. Dave Caplan - The Options Advantage Vol 1
     
327. Dave Gagne – Trading Master Plan Deluxe Ed
     
328. Dave Landry - Stock Selection Course
     
329. Dave Vallieres -Tradingology
     
330. David Bean - Algorithmic Trading Systems - Advanced Gap Strategies for the Futures Markets
     
331. David Bean - Seven Trading Systems for The S&P Futures
     
332. David Duty_s Common $ense Commodities Trading Course
     
333. David Elliott - Flat-Waves-Linear-Regression
     
334. David Elliott Commodity Channel Index
     
335. David Elliott MAP-SOAP-Patterns
     
336. David Elliott Momo-Breakouts
     
337. David Elliott Snap-Backs
     
338. David Elliott The Four Horsemen; Most Powerful Candlestick Patterns
     
339. David H. Weis - Catching Trend Reversals
     
340. David Nasser - Precision.Trading.Techniques
     
341. David Penn - The Three Secrets to Trading Momentum Indicators
     
342. David Smith – Short Swing Trading v6.0
     
343. David Stendahl - Finding Winning Systems
     
344. David Stendahl - Winning With Value Charts
     
345. David Vallieres - Expert.OptionTrading
     
346. David Weis - Wave Webinar
     
347. David Weis - Weis on Wyckoff Renko Charts
     
348. David Weis Missing
     
349. David Weis Nightly Rpt 2014
     
350. David Weis Nightly Rpt 2015
     
351. Davide Franceschini - Surfing the Pips
     
352. Day Trade Stocks with 6 Best Trading Strategies
     
353. Day Trade Warrior – Advanced Day Trading
     
354. Day Trading Institution $1000
     
355. Day Trading to Financial Freedom (surefirething.c om)
     
356. Day Trading University - Tape Reading Secrets
     
357. Day Trading with OFA
     
358. Day.Trading.Futures.Stocks.and.Crypto
     
359. Day.Trading.Secrets.Forex.Course
     
360. DayTrading Zone Bootcamp
     
361. Dean Graziosi - The Automation Blueprint
     
362. Dean Lundell - Sun Tzu and The Art of War for Traders
     
363. Deeyana Angelo - Institutional OrderFlow
     
364. Deeyana Angelo - Introduction to MP
     
365. Delta Discovery Russian Trading Course
     
366. Dennis Minogue - How to Build A Fortune Trading Stock Index Futures
     
367. Detect Fraud and Predict the Stock Market with TensorFlow
     
368. Dimitri Speck - Trading Seasonal and Cyclical Patterns
     
369. DiNapoli Levels Academy - 2 Day Fib Workshop
     
370. Divesh Nair - Analyzing Annual Reports for Beginners
     
371. DIY Advance Options Trading Strategies (5 Courses) 11 Hours
     
372. Doc Severson - Mark Douglas Casino Exercise
     
373. Doc Severson - Price Action Madness
     
374. Doc Severson - Which Indicators Work
     
375. Don Fishback - How to Spot 90 Percent Winners Instantly
     
376. Don Fishback - Profit Power (Profit Secrets of Options Trading)
     
377. Don Kaufman - Coaching Session; Time and Sales
     
378. Don Kaufman - Options 101 Series
     
379. Don Kaufman - Options 201 Series
     
380. Don Kaufman - Options 301 Series
     
381. Don Kaufman - Reddit Traders Riot
     
382. Don Kaufman - Survive and Thrive in Extreme Volatility
     
383. Don Kaufman - Surviving Extreme Volatility
     
384. Don Kaufman-Simpler Options-Set it and forget it
     
385. Don Schellenberg – Advanced Strategies in Forex Trading
     
386. Don Steinitz Recorded Webinars
     
387. Don Wellenreite - Hedging Your Stock Portfolio
     
388. Donald Trump - How to Get Rich (Audio Book)
     
389. DonFishback - Profit.Power.Profit.Secrets.of.Options.Trading
     
390. Donna Kline - The Mechanics of Trading
     
391. Douglas Ehrman – The Handbook of Pairs Trading
     
392. Doyle Exchange - Advanced Day Trading Course
     
393. Dr Howard B Bandy - Quantitative Technical Analysis
     
394. dr-gary-dayton-point-and-figure-charting
     
395. dr-gary-dayton-trade-the-trend
     
396. Dr. Andrew Menaker - Trading Psychology Video Package
     
397. Dr. Gary Dayton - The Essential Wyckoff Playbook
     
398. Dr.Howard B.bandy - Quantitative.Technical.Analysis
     
399. DTA
     
400. DTI Geoffrey Smith - Seven Strategies for Profitable Trading
     

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Panel Show Weekly Schedule: Sun May 19 2024

Date	Show	Episode	Summary	Link
Mon May 20 2024 05:30:00 GMT	After Midnight	Season 1 Episode 59	BenDeLaCreme, Rory Scovel, Harvey Guillén - Taylor Tomlinson welcomes drag queen BenDeLaCreme, comic Rory Scovel, and actor Harvey Guillén.	🔗
Mon May 20 2024 10:30:00 GMT	Have You Been Paying Attention?	Season 12 Episode 2	Episode 2 -	🔗
Mon May 20 2024 21:00:00 GMT	Rhod Gilbert's Growing Pains	Series 5 Episode 11	Episode Eleven - Rhod Gilbert is joined by guests Amy Gledhill, Emmanuel Sonubi and Michelle Visage to roll back the clock. What will they learn about each other - and who will be the most embarrassed?	🔗
Tue May 21 2024 02:00:00 GMT	A League of Their Own (2010)	Road Trip: Mexico Episode 1	Episode One - Jamie Redknapp, Jill Scott, Micah Richards, Mo Gilligan and Maisie Adam explore what Mexico has to offer.	🔗
Tue May 21 2024 05:30:00 GMT	After Midnight	Season 1 Episode 60	Jim Rash, Nat Faxon - Taylor Tomlinson welcomes actor Jim Rash and actor Nat Faxon.	🔗
Wed May 22 2024 05:30:00 GMT	After Midnight	Season 1 Episode 61	Andy Richter, Penn Jillette, Aasif Mandvi - Taylor Tomlinson welcomes comic Andy Richter, magician Penn Jillette, and actor Aasif Mandvi.	🔗
Wed May 22 2024 10:30:00 GMT	Gruen	Season 16 - Gruen: Series 16 Episode 2	Episode 2 - The world has gone ad - but the algorithm has delivered brand new Gruen. Returning for an unprecedented and ill-advised 16th season, Wil Anderson and a panel of know-it-alls will pull you out from under the influence.	🔗
Thu May 23 2024 05:30:00 GMT	After Midnight	Season 1 Episode 62	Marcella Arguello, Thomas Lennon - Taylor Tomlinson welcomes comic Marcella Arguello and actor Thomas Lennon.	🔗
Thu May 23 2024 09:30:00 GMT	7 Days (2009)	Season 16 Episode 8	Thursday May 23 2024 -	🔗
Thu May 23 2024 09:30:00 GMT	Taskmaster (AU)	Season 2 Episode 1	Episode 1 - Contestants: Anne Edmonds, Jenny Tian, Josh Thomas, Lloyd Langford, Wil Anderson	🔗
Thu May 23 2024 21:00:00 GMT	Taskmaster	Series 17 Episode 9	Assistantbury - As the series climax approaches, Little Alex Horne risks raising notoriously prickly Greg Davies' hackles with a task in celebration of himself. Sophie Willan is baffled by mirror writing, John Robins proves to be a talented tailor, Steve Pemberton has an expletive-laden row with a bin, Joanne McNally finds a novel use for a cow's ear, and Nick Mohammed brings a tear to Greg's eye.	🔗
Fri May 24 2024 00:00:00 GMT	The Good, The Bad And The Unexpected	Series 17 Episode 5	Episode Five - The show where comedians work out the good from the bad, with a few unexpected twists.	🔗
Fri May 24 2024 21:00:00 GMT	Have I Got News for You	Series 67 Episode 8	Episode Eight - University Challenge host Amol Rajan takes charge, with Richard Osman and Baroness Ruth Davidson as the guests.	🔗
Sat May 25 2024 17:00:00 GMT	Suurmestari	Season 5 Episode 11	Make a new friend - Contestants: Eero Ritala, Joonas Nordman, Pamela Tola, Pirjo Lonka	🔗

In 2010, I had an accident that resulted in an ACL injury in my right knee. At that time, my weight was 68 kg. Since then, my weight increased and remained consistently between 85-90 kg for a period. I did not undergo surgery then because I was uncomfortable with the idea of having a screw or other external object placed inside my body. Following the injury, I experienced swelling in my knee for a week, which then required fluid drainage. Despite this, I have been able to run and play cricket. However, occasionally, a small movement or twitch can cause my knee to dislocate, which I have been able to put back into the socket myself.
Now, I am back to weighing 68 kg and have recently graduated as an international student. I have paid the IHS amount.
Is there any solution for my problem at the moment? If so, how should I proceed? What are the costs involved, and how much time will be required for rest? How long will the consultation, MRI, and surgery take? Given that the accident happened a long time ago, will it affect further treatment? Why hasn't my ligament healed after all these years?

In today’s evolving and competitive landscape, the value of innovation is shifting from the traditional closed systems approach to a more open, decentralized, and community-driven approach. Paul Lalovich and Tesha Teshanovich from Agile Dynamics outline what is driving the trend, its implications for organizations, and how leaders can successfully operate at the forefront of the shift.
Innovation transcends the mere conceptualization of fresh ideas; it is the actionable process of enhancing existing products or conjuring entirely new offerings. While there is a strong correlation between R&D and innovation – with the former serving as a wellspring for pioneering thoughts – the journey from groundbreaking research to practical utility can be intricate and protracted.
However, it’s worth noting that innovation isn't solely tethered to structured R&D. It can spontaneously arise from sheer curiosity, a spark of inspiration, or even the simple act of refining or tweaking existing methodologies.
Firms might invest in R&D to catalyze innovation, but they can also harness external advancements – referred to as ‘spillovers’. After all, groundbreaking knowledge isn't always the exclusive domain of its creators, making external inspirations invaluable.
Emerging from a robust foundation of innovation, soft power presents tangible advantages. Leaders in technology often establish benchmarks that others deem beneficial to adopt. As a result, global standards lean favorably toward those pioneers. Moreover, countries recognized for their innovative acumen become prime territories for patent filings. These innovation hubs magnetize not just domestic but international investments and capital.
Perhaps the most profound testament to their soft power is the allure they hold for top-tier talents. For instance, Silicon Valley has evolved into a global nexus, drawing in exceptional minds from the realms of information, communication, and digital technologies. Such concentrations of talent can significantly influence a nation’s trade dynamics.

Tech monopolies slow down innovation

In the arena of global economic dominance, competition emerges as the cornerstone, propelling nations to the forefront of innovation and growth. While Chinese strategies appear to have adapted, embracing the dynamism of competitive markets, the United States stands at a crossroads. Some of its tech behemoths promote their size and market leadership as pivotal for cutting-edge innovation.
Yet, it is crucial to discern the nature of this innovation and whose interests it truly serves. Does it prioritize shareholder returns, or is there a broader, national interest at play? As smaller, agile firms emerge, emphasizing true boundary-pushing innovation, one must ponder: Is the spirit of unbridled competition – a force that once fueled the American economy – being overshadowed by the looming giants?
In the nuanced interplay between governmental oversight and market forces, recent actions within China's technology sector provide a captivating study of regulatory boundaries. This phenomenon, aptly termed ‘de-tycoonification’, captures a deliberate effort to harmonize enterprise innovation with centralized checks.
A leading digital commerce platform in China encountered regulatory attention. The swift determination that its practices were anti-competitive, accompanied by a significant financial penalty, symbolizes a broader intent to redefine market paradigms. Prompt official communique following these events conveys a clear perspective: monopolistic behaviours can inhibit the holistic evolution of a market-based economy.
This stance also emphasizes that thoughtful regulations, rather than restricting growth, might actually serve as pillars to stabilize and nurture it. The regulatory web further ensnared another major digital entity in China, underscoring the principle that technological ingenuity should operate within established ethical and legal frameworks. Such internal checks within China challenge certain dominant narratives in global tech centres.
The notion that maintaining a robust market stature acts as a shield against global tech adversaries comes under scrutiny. The introspective regulatory steps within China necessitate a broader re-evaluation of such assumptions.
The tech landscape today is unmistakably marked by the towering presence of Big Tech, but what underlies this dominance might point towards a concerning reduction in competitive intensity. For two decades, the profits raked in by American tech behemoths have remained unparalleled, with market valuations suggesting this trend is expected to continue, if not amplify, in the coming years.
Such sustained, sky-high profitability isn't typical in a genuinely competitive market. In such a setting, rivals and newcomers usually exert downward pressures, ensuring no single entity retains an overwhelming edge for extended periods. The tech industry's trajectory further points towards a rising penchant for consolidation. This is evidenced by the substantial acquisitions of budding companies by the tech titans.
Data sourced from Mergermarket underscores an uptick in acquisition activity by these colossal tech firms, particularly post-2010. The symbiotic relationship between persistent high profits and a trend toward industry concentration suggests that the tech market might be veering away from the vibrant competitive arena it once was.

Cardwell’s law

The tech landscape’s evolution, in its relationship with innovation, is witnessing a palpable shift in entrepreneurial motivation and vision. Historically, the fervour of pioneering something transformative, encapsulated in the ‘moonshot thinking’, drove entrepreneurs. This audacious spirit envisioned groundbreaking entities akin to the tech luminaries of the late 20th and early 21st century. Yet, today’s entrepreneurial aspirations seem more tempered.
Instead of fostering ambitions of building the next revolutionary tech empire, there’s a growing inclination towards securing an acquisition by an existing tech colossus. This shift in sentiment dims the likelihood of a new tech juggernaut rising to challenge the incumbent titans. Post the era of computer-centric, web-driven, and smartphone-related innovations, a cloud of uncertainty looms over the emergence of new tech powerhouses.
Notably, the promising technological domains of the upcoming decade – be it autonomous vehicles with their exorbitant R&D costs, virtual or augmented reality's significant development expenditures, the data intensity of artificial intelligence, or drones and the Internet of Things with their challenging profit margins – present formidable entry barriers.
These hurdles, combined with a changing entrepreneurial landscape, cast a shadow on the future dynamism of tech innovation. Cardwell's elucidation on the patterns of technological evolution offers a poignant lens through which to view the current landscape dominated by Big Tech.
Donald Stephen Lowell Cardwell’s seminal work from 1972 suggests that technological vigor within societies is not an enduring flame, but a fleeting burst of brilliance. Within the European context, as one nation's innovative energy began to wane, another would rise, ensuring a consistent relay of progress across the continent.
Visualize this relay of innovation as a torch, brilliant yet intense. Historically, regions such as Northern Italy, Southern Germany, Spain, and Portugal, and later Holland, Britain, the United States, and Germany, took turns in holding this torch, leading the march of innovation. Yet, no single society clung to this leadership for extended durations. The relay ensured that as one nation's innovation diminished, another took up the mantle, propelling the collective forward.
This phenomenon, coined as ‘Cardwell’s Law’ by Joel Mokyr, posits that when left in isolation, a society’s technological creativity is but a brief spark. Over time, conservatism’s stifling grip, intent on preserving existing structures of power and privilege, often curtails this innovative drive.
This is where the analogy becomes particularly relevant for the Big Tech landscape. In today’s digital age, a few colossal entities dominate, much like the leading nations of old Europe. Yet, as these tech giants solidify their positions, they risk becoming victims of the very conservatism Mokyr speaks of.
Instead of being conduits for continual innovation, their sheer dominance and entrenched positions could lead to a stagnation in technological creativity. As they grow in size and influence, there is an increasing tendency to preserve the status quo, which inadvertently suppresses the innovative spark found in smaller, more agile entities.

Decentralization and open innovation

In the contemporary milieu characterized by the overwhelming dominance of Big Tech monopolies, the paradigms of decentralized innovation and open innovation emerge as potentially transformative alternatives.
The concept of distributed strategy borrows from nature, suggesting that in the same manner that organisms such as trees maximize their efficiency by creating multiple self-similar structures like leaves instead of solely relying on a single core trunk, businesses too need to shift their focus from purely scaling their core processes to nurturing multiple iterative strategies at the organizational peripheries. This can be encapsulated in the mantra of ‘Think Local, Act Global’.
In essence, companies must attune to the nuanced demands and opportunities of each local market, while simultaneously integrating these learnings into a broader global strategy. This is particularly evident in industries undergoing rapid transformation; for instance, the automotive industry's evolution from merely selling cars to offering comprehensive mobility solutions, a shift that is predicted to significantly alter its revenue structure by 2035.
In parallel, in our data-driven age, there is an increasing realization that the sheer volume of data is less crucial than its meaningful interpretation. Organizations need to pivot from prioritizing data accumulation to developing advanced algorithms capable of drawing insights from fragmented, patchy datasets. In the rapidly shifting landscape of today's global business environment, numerous established multinational corporations find themselves at a perplexing crossroads.
The crux of their predicament stems from a foundational dilemma: how to juxtapose traditional scale-driven strategies with the emergent imperative of Distributed strategies. To dissect this conundrum, one must appreciate the inherently divergent organizational philosophies underpinning scale and distributed strategies. Transitioning from a scale-centric model to a distributed-oriented one is not merely about implementing a series of organizational modifications, no matter how profound.
The shift demands a comprehensive reimagining of the organizational ethos and operational mechanics. Moreover, it is a fallacy to view these strategies as mutually exclusive. In actuality, they exist on a continuum, each holding its unique value. The challenge for modern enterprises lies in striking an optimal balance between harnessing the benefits of scale and the agility of Distributed strategies. Regrettably, the journey to this equilibrium is riddled with pitfalls, and many companies, even with their vast resources and global reach, have faltered in this endeavor.
Contrary to scale-centric entities that depend on static assets, with streamlined yet inherently slower supply chains, Distributed organizations harness networks characterized by adaptability and continuous transformation. These networks are primed for swiftly addressing specific local requirements and seizing niche market prospects.
Such frameworks incorporate a blend of proprietary micro-production facilities, possibly utilizing innovations like 3D printing; leasing assets from providers offering asset-on-demand services; and coordinating flexible ecosystems of regional digital collaborators. The overarching aim is twofold: continuously devise innovative solutions tailored for local clientele and escalate them to various markets with optimal speed.
Distributed-oriented organizations prioritize decentralization, contrasting with the top-down hierarchies commonly seen in scale-driven entities. Within these structures, decision-making isn't confined to a centralized corporate core. Instead, considerable authority is delegated to customer-centric teams positioned away from the primary headquarters. This design fosters agility, allowing for a rapid response to localized demands and new opportunities.
Some multinational corporations have observed marked improvements in their performance metrics after such decentralization. They empowered regional leaders with financial oversight, decision-making rights, streamlined communication channels to the central office, and enhanced access to market analytics.
Another trend, seen in the case of an appliance industry giant, involves an even more radical shift. This entity introduced a unique organizational framework aimed at minimizing the distance between the enterprise and its customer base. In a bold move, an entire level of middle management was eliminated, redistributing power to numerous newly-formed, semi-independent, customer-aligned business segments. These units operate in synergy, linked by a unified digital platform.
Further reading: Knowledge and venture capital as a driver of innovation.
Meanwhile, ‘Open Innovation’ offers a complementary model, championing a departure from insular corporate research and development approaches. Instead, it advocates for the amalgamation of external insights, be they from academia, startups, or independent innovators, into the innovation process. This synergistic approach addresses the often-criticized inertia inherent in large tech monopolies, promoting a more dynamic and collaborative innovation ecosystem.
Both these paradigms, however, necessitate a significant cultural shift within organizations, demanding a more flexible, adaptive, and outward-looking ethos to truly harness their potential in countering the inertia often associated with tech giants.
The rise of open innovation, propelled by reduced communication costs and advancements in memory and computation capabilities, has ushered in significant changes in market dynamics and societal interactions. Unlike the traditionally centralized, firm-driven innovation models, open innovation champions a decentralized, peer-based approach that emphasizes intrinsic motivation and societal benefits.
Indeed, the literature has delved into the nature of these peer innovation communities, understanding their social structures and intricacies.
However, the repercussions of this shift towards open innovation on established and emerging firms remain inadequately explored. Current organizational and strategic theories don't fully encapsulate the nuances of community-driven innovation. Despite the transformative potential of open innovation, its influence on mainstream organizational and strategic discourses has been somewhat muted.
As we progress, it becomes imperative to develop a more comprehensive understanding of firms in this new context, addressing the interaction between traditional organizational structures and emerging community-based innovation paradigms.

Conclusion

In an evolving landscape where tasks are increasingly modular and knowledge about solutions becomes more widespread, the traditional closed systems of innovation shift towards open, community-driven models. The implications are profound: we can no longer rely solely on conventional understandings of innovation rooted in cost efficiency, control mechanisms, and external incentives.
As innovation gets embedded in a spectrum ranging from strictly internal processes to open community collaborations, our conceptualization of firms and their boundaries need revisiting. This doesn’t negate the value of traditional models, but it requires a hybrid approach where both internal and open strategies coexist.
A pivotal question arises: under what circumstances should firms toggle between these different modes of innovation? The answer, it appears, lies in understanding the nature of the product and the distribution of problem-solving knowledge.
For products that are inherently integrated and where specialized knowledge is centralized, the conventional in-house R&D model, bolstered by a strong innovation-centric culture, remains relevant. Here, innovation is typically cocooned within the firm's boundaries, spanning from distinct functional divisions to intricate, ambidextrous designs.
However, when a product can be broken down into modular components and the requisite knowledge is dispersed, the limitations of a closed innovation system become evident. In these contexts, the power dynamics of innovation are reshaped by the principles of openness, collaborative sharing, intrinsic motivation, and community engagement.
The challenge, then, for modern enterprises is to discern when to internalize and when to externalize, ensuring that they harness the best of both worlds while navigating the complex terrain of innovation.In today’s evolving and competitive landscape, the value of innovation is shifting from the traditional closed systems approach to a more open, decentralized, and community-driven approach. Paul Lalovich and Tesha Teshanovich from Agile Dynamics outline what is driving the trend, its implications for organizations, and how leaders can successfully operate at the forefront of the shift. Innovation transcends the mere conceptualization of fresh ideas; it is the actionable process of enhancing existing products or conjuring entirely new offerings. While there is a strong correlation between R&D and innovation – with the former serving as a wellspring for pioneering thoughts – the journey from groundbreaking research to practical utility can be intricate and protracted. However, it’s worth noting that innovation isn't solely tethered to structured R&D. It can spontaneously arise from sheer curiosity, a spark of inspiration, or even the simple act of refining or tweaking existing methodologies.
Firms might invest in R&D to catalyze innovation, but they can also harness external advancements – referred to as ‘spillovers’. After all, groundbreaking knowledge isn't always the exclusive domain of its creators, making external inspirations invaluable. Emerging from a robust foundation of innovation, soft power presents tangible advantages. Leaders in technology often establish benchmarks that others deem beneficial to adopt. As a result, global standards lean favorably toward those pioneers. Moreover, countries recognized for their innovative acumen become prime territories for patent filings. These innovation hubs magnetize not just domestic but international investments and capital. Perhaps the most profound testament to their soft power is the allure they hold for top-tier talents. For instance, Silicon Valley has evolved into a global nexus, drawing in exceptional minds from the realms of information, communication, and digital technologies. Such concentrations of talent can significantly influence a nation’s trade dynamics. Tech monopolies slow down innovation In the arena of global economic dominance, competition emerges as the cornerstone, propelling nations to the forefront of innovation and growth. While Chinese strategies appear to have adapted, embracing the dynamism of competitive markets, the United States stands at a crossroads. Some of its tech behemoths promote their size and market leadership as pivotal for cutting-edge innovation. Yet, it is crucial to discern the nature of this innovation and whose interests it truly serves. Does it prioritize shareholder returns, or is there a broader, national interest at play? As smaller, agile firms emerge, emphasizing true boundary-pushing innovation, one must ponder: Is the spirit of unbridled competition – a force that once fueled the American economy – being overshadowed by the looming giants? In the nuanced interplay between governmental oversight and market forces, recent actions within China's technology sector provide a captivating study of regulatory boundaries. This phenomenon, aptly termed ‘de-tycoonification’, captures a deliberate effort to harmonize enterprise innovation with centralized checks. A leading digital commerce platform in China encountered regulatory attention. The swift determination that its practices were anti-competitive, accompanied by a significant financial penalty, symbolizes a broader intent to redefine market paradigms. Prompt official communique following these events conveys a clear perspective: monopolistic behaviours can inhibit the holistic evolution of a market-based economy. This stance also emphasizes that thoughtful regulations, rather than restricting growth, might actually serve as pillars to stabilize and nurture it. The regulatory web further ensnared another major digital entity in China, underscoring the principle that technological ingenuity should operate within established ethical and legal frameworks. Such internal checks within China challenge certain dominant narratives in global tech centres. The notion that maintaining a robust market stature acts as a shield against global tech adversaries comes under scrutiny. The introspective regulatory steps within China necessitate a broader re-evaluation of such assumptions. The tech landscape today is unmistakably marked by the towering presence of Big Tech, but what underlies this dominance might point towards a concerning reduction in competitive intensity. For two decades, the profits raked in by American tech behemoths have remained unparalleled, with market valuations suggesting this trend is expected to continue, if not amplify, in the coming years. Such sustained, sky-high profitability isn't typical in a genuinely competitive market. In such a setting, rivals and newcomers usually exert downward pressures, ensuring no single entity retains an overwhelming edge for extended periods. The tech industry's trajectory further points towards a rising penchant for consolidation. This is evidenced by the substantial acquisitions of budding companies by the tech titans. Data sourced from Mergermarket underscores an uptick in acquisition activity by these colossal tech firms, particularly post-2010. The symbiotic relationship between persistent high profits and a trend toward industry concentration suggests that the tech market might be veering away from the vibrant competitive arena it once was. Cardwell’s law The tech landscape’s evolution, in its relationship with innovation, is witnessing a palpable shift in entrepreneurial motivation and vision. Historically, the fervour of pioneering something transformative, encapsulated in the ‘moonshot thinking’, drove entrepreneurs. This audacious spirit envisioned groundbreaking entities akin to the tech luminaries of the late 20th and early 21st century. Yet, today’s entrepreneurial aspirations seem more tempered. Instead of fostering ambitions of building the next revolutionary tech empire, there’s a growing inclination towards securing an acquisition by an existing tech colossus. This shift in sentiment dims the likelihood of a new tech juggernaut rising to challenge the incumbent titans. Post the era of computer-centric, web-driven, and smartphone-related innovations, a cloud of uncertainty looms over the emergence of new tech powerhouses. Notably, the promising technological domains of the upcoming decade – be it autonomous vehicles with their exorbitant R&D costs, virtual or augmented reality's significant development expenditures, the data intensity of artificial intelligence, or drones and the Internet of Things with their challenging profit margins – present formidable entry barriers. These hurdles, combined with a changing entrepreneurial landscape, cast a shadow on the future dynamism of tech innovation. Cardwell's elucidation on the patterns of technological evolution offers a poignant lens through which to view the current landscape dominated by Big Tech. Donald Stephen Lowell Cardwell’s seminal work from 1972 suggests that technological vigor within societies is not an enduring flame, but a fleeting burst of brilliance. Within the European context, as one nation's innovative energy began to wane, another would rise, ensuring a consistent relay of progress across the continent. Visualize this relay of innovation as a torch, brilliant yet intense. Historically, regions such as Northern Italy, Southern Germany, Spain, and Portugal, and later Holland, Britain, the United States, and Germany, took turns in holding this torch, leading the march of innovation. Yet, no single society clung to this leadership for extended durations. The relay ensured that as one nation's innovation diminished, another took up the mantle, propelling the collective forward. This phenomenon, coined as ‘Cardwell’s Law’ by Joel Mokyr, posits that when left in isolation, a society’s technological creativity is but a brief spark. Over time, conservatism’s stifling grip, intent on preserving existing structures of power and privilege, often curtails this innovative drive. This is where the analogy becomes particularly relevant for the Big Tech landscape. In today’s digital age, a few colossal entities dominate, much like the leading nations of old Europe. Yet, as these tech giants solidify their positions, they risk becoming victims of the very conservatism Mokyr speaks of. Instead of being conduits for continual innovation, their sheer dominance and entrenched positions could lead to a stagnation in technological creativity. As they grow in size and influence, there is an increasing tendency to preserve the status quo, which inadvertently suppresses the innovative spark found in smaller, more agile entities. Decentralization and open innovation In the contemporary milieu characterized by the overwhelming dominance of Big Tech monopolies, the paradigms of decentralized innovation and open innovation emerge as potentially transformative alternatives. The concept of distributed strategy borrows from nature, suggesting that in the same manner that organisms such as trees maximize their efficiency by creating multiple self-similar structures like leaves instead of solely relying on a single core trunk, businesses too need to shift their focus from purely scaling their core processes to nurturing multiple iterative strategies at the organizational peripheries. This can be encapsulated in the mantra of ‘Think Local, Act Global’. In essence, companies must attune to the nuanced demands and opportunities of each local market, while simultaneously integrating these learnings into a broader global strategy. This is particularly evident in industries undergoing rapid transformation; for instance, the automotive industry's evolution from merely selling cars to offering comprehensive mobility solutions, a shift that is predicted to significantly alter its revenue structure by 2035. In parallel, in our data-driven age, there is an increasing realization that the sheer volume of data is less crucial than its meaningful interpretation. Organizations need to pivot from prioritizing data accumulation to developing advanced algorithms capable of drawing insights from fragmented, patchy datasets. In the rapidly shifting landscape of today's global business environment, numerous established multinational corporations find themselves at a perplexing crossroads. The crux of their predicament stems from a foundational dilemma: how to juxtapose traditional scale-driven strategies with the emergent imperative of Distributed strategies. To dissect this conundrum, one must appreciate the inherently divergent organizational philosophies underpinning scale and distributed strategies. Transitioning from a scale-centric model to a distributed-oriented one is not merely about implementing a series of organizational modifications, no matter how profound. The shift demands a comprehensive reimagining of the organizational ethos and operational mechanics. Moreover, it is a fallacy to view these strategies as mutually exclusive. In actuality, they exist on a continuum, each holding its unique value. The challenge for modern enterprises lies in striking an optimal balance between harnessing the benefits of scale and the agility of Distributed strategies. Regrettably, the journey to this equilibrium is riddled with pitfalls, and many companies, even with their vast resources and global reach, have faltered in this endeavor. Contrary to scale-centric entities that depend on static assets, with streamlined yet inherently slower supply chains, Distributed organizations harness networks characterized by adaptability and continuous transformation. These networks are primed for swiftly addressing specific local requirements and seizing niche market prospects. Such frameworks incorporate a blend of proprietary micro-production facilities, possibly utilizing innovations like 3D printing; leasing assets from providers offering asset-on-demand services; and coordinating flexible ecosystems of regional digital collaborators. The overarching aim is twofold: continuously devise innovative solutions tailored for local clientele and escalate them to various markets with optimal speed. Distributed-oriented organizations prioritize decentralization, contrasting with the top-down hierarchies commonly seen in scale-driven entities. Within these structures, decision-making isn't confined to a centralized corporate core. Instead, considerable authority is delegated to customer-centric teams positioned away from the primary headquarters. This design fosters agility, allowing for a rapid response to localized demands and new opportunities. Some multinational corporations have observed marked improvements in their performance metrics after such decentralization. They empowered regional leaders with financial oversight, decision-making rights, streamlined communication channels to the central office, and enhanced access to market analytics. Another trend, seen in the case of an appliance industry giant, involves an even more radical shift. This entity introduced a unique organizational framework aimed at minimizing the distance between the enterprise and its customer base. In a bold move, an entire level of middle management was eliminated, redistributing power to numerous newly-formed, semi-independent, customer-aligned business segments. These units operate in synergy, linked by a unified digital platform. Further reading: Knowledge and venture capital as a driver of innovation. Meanwhile, ‘Open Innovation’ offers a complementary model, championing a departure from insular corporate research and development approaches. Instead, it advocates for the amalgamation of external insights, be they from academia, startups, or independent innovators, into the innovation process. This synergistic approach addresses the often-criticized inertia inherent in large tech monopolies, promoting a more dynamic and collaborative innovation ecosystem. Both these paradigms, however, necessitate a significant cultural shift within organizations, demanding a more flexible, adaptive, and outward-looking ethos to truly harness their potential in countering the inertia often associated with tech giants. The rise of open innovation, propelled by reduced communication costs and advancements in memory and computation capabilities, has ushered in significant changes in market dynamics and societal interactions. Unlike the traditionally centralized, firm-driven innovation models, open innovation champions a decentralized, peer-based approach that emphasizes intrinsic motivation and societal benefits. Indeed, the literature has delved into the nature of these peer innovation communities, understanding their social structures and intricacies. However, the repercussions of this shift towards open innovation on established and emerging firms remain inadequately explored. Current organizational and strategic theories don't fully encapsulate the nuances of community-driven innovation. Despite the transformative potential of open innovation, its influence on mainstream organizational and strategic discourses has been somewhat muted. As we progress, it becomes imperative to develop a more comprehensive understanding of firms in this new context, addressing the interaction between traditional organizational structures and emerging community-based innovation paradigms. Conclusion In an evolving landscape where tasks are increasingly modular and knowledge about solutions becomes more widespread, the traditional closed systems of innovation shift towards open, community-driven models. The implications are profound: we can no longer rely solely on conventional understandings of innovation rooted in cost efficiency, control mechanisms, and external incentives. As innovation gets embedded in a spectrum ranging from strictly internal processes to open community collaborations, our conceptualization of firms and their boundaries need revisiting. This doesn’t negate the value of traditional models, but it requires a hybrid approach where both internal and open strategies coexist. A pivotal question arises: under what circumstances should firms toggle between these different modes of innovation? The answer, it appears, lies in understanding the nature of the product and the distribution of problem-solving knowledge. For products that are inherently integrated and where specialized knowledge is centralized, the conventional in-house R&D model, bolstered by a strong innovation-centric culture, remains relevant. Here, innovation is typically cocooned within the firm's boundaries, spanning from distinct functional divisions to intricate, ambidextrous designs. However, when a product can be broken down into modular components and the requisite knowledge is dispersed, the limitations of a closed innovation system become evident. In these contexts, the power dynamics of innovation are reshaped by the principles of openness, collaborative sharing, intrinsic motivation, and community engagement. The challenge, then, for modern enterprises is to discern when to internalize and when to externalize, ensuring that they harness the best of both worlds while navigating the complex terrain of innovation.

I've spent the last three weeks going over Youtube videos and written tutorials and extensive chats with Claude (AI) on trying to get my DNS servers going. No matter who's tutorial I follow, I end up with a slew of errors that the tutorials say nothing about.
I've also tried googling/ai chat botting the errors, and the solutions don't help me either.
Please, what am I doing wrong?!?!
I'm running bind9 through docker on a RPi3B (master) and RPi3B+ (slave). I can't even get just of them up and running without errors.
Any help would be GREATLY appreciated as I'm just about ready to give up.
Thanks in advance!
``` // named.conf.options acl "trusted-network" { localhost; 192.168.1.0/24; 192.168.2.0/24; };
options { directory "/vacache/bind"; version "∞";

recursion yes; allow-query { trusted-network; }; allow-query-cache { trusted-network; }; allow-recursion { trusted-network; }; forwarders { 1.1.1.1; 1.0.0.1; }; dnssec-validation no; listen-on-v6 { none; }; 

}; ```
``` // named.conf.local zone "home.example.com" { type primary; file "/etc/bind/zones/home.example.com.db"; };
zone "1.168.192.in-addr.arpa" { type primary; file "/etc/bind/zones/rev.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa.db"; };
zone "2.168.192.in-addr.arpa" { type primary; file "/etc/bind/zones/rev.2.168.192.in-addr.arpa.db"; }; ```
``` // zones/home.example.com.db $TTL 86400 $ORIGIN home.example.com.
@ IN SOA ns1.home.example.com. dnsadmin.home.example.com. ( 2024051700 ; Serial 3600 ; Refresh 900 ; Retry 604800 ; Expire 86400 ) ; Minimum TTL
@ IN NS ns1.home.example.com. ns1 IN A 192.168.1.90
; Custom A records router IN A 192.168.1.1 rpi3b-01 IN A 192.168.1.90 rpi3bplus-01 IN A 192.168.1.91 server IN A 192.168.1.100 *.app IN A 192.168.1.100 ```
``` // zones/rev.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa.db $TTL 86400 @ IN SOA ns1.home.example.com. dnsadmin.home.example.com. ( 2024051700 ; Serial 3600 ; Refresh 900 ; Retry 604800 ; Expire 86400 ; Minimum TTL )
@ IN NS ns1.home.example.com.
; Add PTR records for hosts in this network range 1 IN PTR router.home.example.com. 90 IN PTR rpi3b-01.home.example.com. 90 IN PTR ns1.home.example.com. 91 IN PTR rpi3bplus-01.home.example.com. 91 IN PTR ns2.home.example.com. 100 IN PTR server.home.example.com. 100 IN PTR *.app.home.example.com. ```
``` // zones/rev.2.168.192.in-addr.arpa.db $TTL 86400 @ IN SOA ns1.home.example.com. dnsadmin.home.example.com. ( 2024051700 ; Serial 3600 ; Refresh 900 ; Retry 604800 ; Expire 86400 ; Minimum TTL )
@ IN NS ns1.home.example.com.
; Add PTR records for hosts in this network range 1 IN PTR router.home.example.com. 90 IN PTR rpi3b-01.home.example.com. 90 IN PTR ns1.home.example.com. 91 IN PTR rpi3bplus-01.home.example.com. 91 IN PTR ns2.home.example.com. 100 IN PTR server.home.example.com. 100 IN PTR *.app.home.example.com. ```
running named-checkconf returns nothing
running named-checkzone home.example.com ./zones/home.example.com.db returns the following: zone home.example.com/IN: loaded serial 2024051700 OK
running named-checkzone ./zones/rev.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa.db returns nothing
running named-checkzone ./zones/rev.2.168.192.in-addr.arpa.db returns nothing
Here are the errors I'm getting: bind9 Starting named... bind9 exec /ussbin/named -u "bind" -g "" bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.117 starting BIND 9.18.18-0ubuntu0.22.04.2-Ubuntu (Extended Support Version) bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.117 running on Linux aarch64 6.6.28+rpt-rpi-v8 #1 SMP PREEMPT Debian 1:6.6.28-1+rpt1 (2024-04-22) bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.117 built with '--build=aarch64-linux-gnu' '--prefix=/usr' '--includedir=${prefix}/include' '--mandir=${prefix}/share/man' '--infodir=${prefix}/share/info' '--sysconfdir=/etc' '--localstatedir=/var' '--disable-option-checking' '--disable-silent-rules' '--libdir=${prefix}/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu' '--runstatedir=/run' '--disable-maintainer-mode' '--disable-dependency-tracking' '--libdir=/uslib/aarch64-linux-gnu' '--sysconfdir=/etc/bind' '--with-python=python3' '--localstatedir=/' '--enable-threads' '--enable-largefile' '--with-libtool' '--enable-shared' '--disable-static' '--with-gost=no' '--with-openssl=/usr' '--with-gssapi=yes' '--with-libidn2' '--with-json-c' '--with-lmdb=/usr' '--with-gnu-ld' '--with-maxminddb' '--with-atf=no' '--enable-ipv6' '--enable-rrl' '--enable-filter-aaaa' '--disable-native-pkcs11' 'build_alias=aarch64-linux-gnu' 'CFLAGS=-g -O2 -ffile-prefix-map=/build/bind9-uLKm01/bind9-9.18.18=. -flto=auto -ffat-lto-objects -flto=auto -ffat-lto-objects -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-delete-null-pointer-checks -DNO_VERSION_DATE -DDIG_SIGCHASE' 'LDFLAGS=-Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -flto=auto -ffat-lto-objects -flto=auto -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now' 'CPPFLAGS=-Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2' bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.117 running as: named -u bind -g bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.117 compiled by GCC 11.4.0 bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.117 compiled with OpenSSL version: OpenSSL 3.0.2 15 Mar 2022 bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.117 linked to OpenSSL version: OpenSSL 3.0.2 15 Mar 2022 bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.117 compiled with libuv version: 1.43.0 bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.117 linked to libuv version: 1.43.0 bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.117 compiled with libxml2 version: 2.9.13 bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.117 linked to libxml2 version: 20913 bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.117 compiled with json-c version: 0.15 bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.117 linked to json-c version: 0.15 bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.117 compiled with zlib version: 1.2.11 bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.117 linked to zlib version: 1.2.11 bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.117 ---------------------------------------------------- bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.117 BIND 9 is maintained by Internet Systems Consortium, bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.117 Inc. (ISC), a non-profit 501(c)(3) public-benefit bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.117 corporation. Support and training for BIND 9 are bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.117 available at https://www.isc.org/support bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.117 ---------------------------------------------------- bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.117 found 4 CPUs, using 4 worker threads bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.117 using 4 UDP listeners per interface bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.129 DNSSEC algorithms: RSASHA1 NSEC3RSASHA1 RSASHA256 RSASHA512 ECDSAP256SHA256 ECDSAP384SHA384 ED25519 ED448 bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.129 DS algorithms: SHA-1 SHA-256 SHA-384 bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.129 HMAC algorithms: HMAC-MD5 HMAC-SHA1 HMAC-SHA224 HMAC-SHA256 HMAC-SHA384 HMAC-SHA512 bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.129 TKEY mode 2 support (Diffie-Hellman): yes bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.129 TKEY mode 3 support (GSS-API): yes bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.133 config.c: option 'trust-anchor-telemetry' is experimental and subject to change in the future bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.137 loading configuration from '/etc/bind/named.conf' bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.141 reading built-in trust anchors from file '/etc/bind/bind.keys' bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.141 looking for GeoIP2 databases in '/usshare/GeoIP' bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.141 using default UDP/IPv4 port range: [32768, 60999] bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.145 using default UDP/IPv6 port range: [32768, 60999] bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.145 listening on IPv4 interface lo, 127.0.0.1#53 bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.149 listening on IPv4 interface eth0, 172.30.0.2#53 bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.153 generating session key for dynamic DNS bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.153 sizing zone task pool based on 8 zones bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.157 none:99: 'max-cache-size 90%' - setting to 816MB (out of 907MB) bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.161 set up managed keys zone for view _default, file 'managed-keys.bind' bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.161 automatic empty zone: 10.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.161 automatic empty zone: 16.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.161 automatic empty zone: 17.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.161 automatic empty zone: 18.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.161 automatic empty zone: 19.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.161 automatic empty zone: 20.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.161 automatic empty zone: 21.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.161 automatic empty zone: 22.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.161 automatic empty zone: 23.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.161 automatic empty zone: 24.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.165 automatic empty zone: 25.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.165 automatic empty zone: 26.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.165 automatic empty zone: 27.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.165 automatic empty zone: 28.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.165 automatic empty zone: 29.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.165 automatic empty zone: 30.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.165 automatic empty zone: 31.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.165 automatic empty zone: 168.192.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.165 automatic empty zone: 64.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.165 automatic empty zone: 65.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.165 automatic empty zone: 66.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.165 automatic empty zone: 67.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.165 automatic empty zone: 68.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.165 automatic empty zone: 69.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.165 automatic empty zone: 70.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.165 automatic empty zone: 71.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.165 automatic empty zone: 72.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.165 automatic empty zone: 73.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.165 automatic empty zone: 74.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.165 automatic empty zone: 75.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.165 automatic empty zone: 76.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.169 automatic empty zone: 77.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.169 automatic empty zone: 78.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.169 automatic empty zone: 79.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.169 automatic empty zone: 80.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.169 automatic empty zone: 81.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.169 automatic empty zone: 82.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.169 automatic empty zone: 83.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.169 automatic empty zone: 84.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.169 automatic empty zone: 85.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.169 automatic empty zone: 86.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.169 automatic empty zone: 87.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.169 automatic empty zone: 88.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.169 automatic empty zone: 89.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.169 automatic empty zone: 90.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.169 automatic empty zone: 91.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.169 automatic empty zone: 92.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.169 automatic empty zone: 93.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.169 automatic empty zone: 94.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.169 automatic empty zone: 95.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.169 automatic empty zone: 96.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.169 automatic empty zone: 97.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.169 automatic empty zone: 98.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.169 automatic empty zone: 99.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.169 automatic empty zone: 100.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.169 automatic empty zone: 101.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 102.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 103.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 104.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 105.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 106.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 107.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 108.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 109.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 110.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 111.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 112.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 113.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 114.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 115.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 116.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 117.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 118.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 119.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 120.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 121.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 122.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 123.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 124.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 125.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 126.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 127.100.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 254.169.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 2.0.192.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 100.51.198.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.173 automatic empty zone: 113.0.203.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.177 automatic empty zone: 255.255.255.255.IN-ADDR.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.177 automatic empty zone: 0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.IP6.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.177 automatic empty zone: 1.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.IP6.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.177 automatic empty zone: D.F.IP6.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.177 automatic empty zone: 8.E.F.IP6.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.177 automatic empty zone: 9.E.F.IP6.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.177 automatic empty zone: A.E.F.IP6.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.177 automatic empty zone: B.E.F.IP6.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.177 automatic empty zone: 8.B.D.0.1.0.0.2.IP6.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.177 automatic empty zone: EMPTY.AS112.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.177 automatic empty zone: HOME.ARPA bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.181 configuring command channel from '/etc/bind/rndc.key' bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.185 command channel listening on 127.0.0.1#953 bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.185 configuring command channel from '/etc/bind/rndc.key' bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.185 command channel listening on ::1#953 bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.185 not using config file logging statement for logging due to -g option bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.185 managed-keys-zone: loaded serial 10 bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.189 zone 0.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 1 bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.189 zone localhost/IN: loaded serial 2 bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.197 zone 2.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 2024051700 bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.209 zone 127.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 1 bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.217 dns_rdata_fromtext: /etc/bind/zones/rev.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa.db:28: near '*.app.home.example.com.': bad name (check-names) bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.217 zone 1.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: loading from master file /etc/bind/zones/rev.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa.db failed: bad name (check-names) bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.217 zone 1.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: not loaded due to errors. bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.217 zone home.example.com/IN: loaded serial 2024051700 bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.217 zone 255.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 1 bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.221 all zones loaded bind9 18-May-2024 02:03:53.225 running
At first, but then after a couple minutes, I get the following output, and this just keeps repeating and repeating every few minutes:
bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.947 network unreachable resolving './NS/IN': 2001:500:2f::f#53 bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.947 network unreachable resolving './NS/IN': 2001:500:2d::d#53 bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.947 network unreachable resolving './NS/IN': 2001:7fe::53#53 bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.947 network unreachable resolving './NS/IN': 2001:500:2::c#53 bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.947 network unreachable resolving './NS/IN': 2001:500:9f::42#53 bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.951 network unreachable resolving './NS/IN': 2001:500:a8::e#53 bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.951 network unreachable resolving './NS/IN': 2001:7fd::1#53 bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.955 network unreachable resolving './NS/IN': 2001:500:12::d0d#53 bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.955 network unreachable resolving './NS/IN': 2001:503:c27::2:30#53 bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.955 network unreachable resolving './NS/IN': 2001:500:1::53#53 bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.955 network unreachable resolving './NS/IN': 2001:dc3::35#53 bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.959 network unreachable resolving './NS/IN': 2001:503:ba3e::2:30#53 bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.959 network unreachable resolving './NS/IN': 2801:1b8:10::b#53 bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.963 DNS format error from 192.5.5.241#53 resolving ./NS for : non-improving referral bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.963 FORMERR resolving './NS/IN': 192.5.5.241#53 bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.967 DNS format error from 199.7.91.13#53 resolving ./NS for : non-improving referral bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.967 FORMERR resolving './NS/IN': 199.7.91.13#53 bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.971 DNS format error from 192.36.148.17#53 resolving ./NS for : non-improving referral bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.971 FORMERR resolving './NS/IN': 192.36.148.17#53 bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.975 DNS format error from 192.33.4.12#53 resolving ./NS for : non-improving referral bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.975 FORMERR resolving './NS/IN': 192.33.4.12#53 bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.979 DNS format error from 199.7.83.42#53 resolving ./NS for : non-improving referral bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.979 FORMERR resolving './NS/IN': 199.7.83.42#53 bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.983 DNS format error from 192.203.230.10#53 resolving ./NS for : non-improving referral bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.983 FORMERR resolving './NS/IN': 192.203.230.10#53 bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.983 DNS format error from 193.0.14.129#53 resolving ./NS for : non-improving referral bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.983 FORMERR resolving './NS/IN': 193.0.14.129#53 bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.991 DNS format error from 192.112.36.4#53 resolving ./NS for : non-improving referral bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.991 FORMERR resolving './NS/IN': 192.112.36.4#53 bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.995 DNS format error from 192.58.128.30#53 resolving ./NS for : non-improving referral bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.999 FORMERR resolving './NS/IN': 192.58.128.30#53 bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.999 DNS format error from 198.97.190.53#53 resolving ./NS for : non-improving referral bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:07.999 FORMERR resolving './NS/IN': 198.97.190.53#53 bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:08.003 DNS format error from 202.12.27.33#53 resolving ./NS for : non-improving referral bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:08.003 FORMERR resolving './NS/IN': 202.12.27.33#53 bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:08.007 DNS format error from 198.41.0.4#53 resolving ./NS for : non-improving referral bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:08.007 FORMERR resolving './NS/IN': 198.41.0.4#53 bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:08.007 DNS format error from 170.247.170.2#53 resolving ./NS for : non-improving referral bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:08.011 FORMERR resolving './NS/IN': 170.247.170.2#53 bind9 18-May-2024 02:38:08.011 resolver priming query complete: failure

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𝐌𝐘 𝐓𝐄𝐀𝐌 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐈 𝐂𝐀𝐍 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃𝐋𝐄 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐅𝐎𝐋𝐋𝐎𝐖𝐈𝐍𝐆 𝐀𝐂𝐀𝐃𝐄𝐌𝐈𝐂 𝐓𝐀𝐒𝐊𝐒 𝐅𝐎𝐑 𝐘𝐎𝐔:

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Another alarming trend among Generation Alpha is the popularity of mindless and often bizarre internet phenomena, such as the "Skibidi Toilet" meme. This meme, characterized by its absurd and nonsensical nature, epitomizes the kind of brain-rotting content that captivates young audiences. Such content, while entertaining, offers little to no educational value and can impair cognitive development. The constant exposure to superficial and senseless media can diminish attention spans, reduce critical thinking skills, and stifle creativity. Instead of fostering a generation of curious and innovative thinkers, there is a growing concern that these children may become passive consumers of meaningless digital junk.
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Would you be willing to share how you first became aware of 30 Rock?
Watched from the beginnings - NBC preview probably?
Promo for show premiere on nbc
I’m old! Watched that shit when it premiered
I was first aware when the news hit that Tina Fey was developing a show with Loren Michaels that would star her and Rachel Dratch.
My brother, who has the best taste in all things, recommended it to me.
On tv
watched w parents when it was first airing
my brother recommended it
On my Newark to Atlantic City Flight
I randomly chose it as something to watch on Netflix while I was running on the treadmill...after a couple episodes I was like WTF is this??!
Trailers on NBC
Don’t remember
Butt stuff
Watched the show during its original run on NBC. Now touch the peacock!
When it premiered on NBC
I saw the episode where Tracy makes the Jefferson trailer when I was like 12 or so and my friend told me it was funnier than family guy
Back in high school! The episode where Tracey says don't make me show you the back of my hand and there's a sticky note that says 'please be nice to me'
Buying episodes on iTunes back in 2009
during season two my friends were making jokes from the show
Thursday night line-up on NBC when it first aired
Friend showed me
It was on tv
Original run
I first watched it when it aired on NBC back in the day
When it aired
The television commercials while it was on air
Tina Fey
It was just playing on the TV in 2007
Found the season one dvd set at Walmart back in like 2008, got hooked immediately
Heard it mentioned on US tv
Honestly don’t remember!
Would follow Tina Fey into a poorly set trap
I kept seeing great reviews for its first season and picked it up sometime during season 2 while it was airing.
Commercials for it while it was on
Series premiere
I got a free episode on iTunes. I’m pretty sure it was the MILF Island episode. I went back to the beginning and was hooked immediately.
By being alive when the show premiered
I happened to click on it on Netflix and was excited by the lack of laugh track
Stumbled across it on NBC. F-ed up scheduling meant I missed episodes. Thank God for streaming. I've been through it at least 7 times
By watching television..?
I literally can't recall, but I've done dozens and dozens, if not hundreds, of complete rewatches.
Older brother introduced me to it
Tv
Was an acting major and was low key in love with Tina Fey.
I’m a boomer (30) so I watched the show when it originally aired because I loved Tina Fey. My middle school crushes were Tina Fey, Gopher, and Kermit the Frog
NBC Thursday nights, we peacock comedy
I was super broke in my early 20s with no access to broadcast TV, but just got a Roku and Netflix - and there was the glory that is 30 Rock. It was my comfort show while dealing with my now ex-husband being deployed while my kids were very young. It was my comfort show during my divorce (and for my older kids, too). It will always be my favorite show of all time.
When it was on Tv I watched it.
A friend recommended it to me after season 2 and have been hooked ever since.
My momma
When vacationing in Zvenborgia
Caught it on broadcast TV. Have since watched it several times on streaming
I think I actually saw it on tv a few times but once it was streaming, constantly.
Decided to watch it when it was on Netflix
Mickey Rourke
Thought it was 3rd rock from the sun and mistakenly watched it
When Season 6 began I was in college and decided to binge the series since I liked the other Thurs nigh NBC shows!
Advertised in the blah-bar, while I was Consuming Lunch And Simple Socializing
When it was on network television
Netflix binging in middle school- was one of the first shows I was ever obsessed with
Sure, if I remembered
I'm old and watched it when it was on NBC!
Friend
Forced to watch it while visiting my gay bff in San Francisco
it was filming around the corner from where i worked as a new college grad
The TV
I think I saw an episode on an airplane against my will
No
Worked in it as an extra 1st season
It was on the television
It was working at the Dyker Heights Arthur Treacher and I was residing there
I love every sitcom pretty much, esp from that era of nbc
Watched it on NBC when it aired!
When my students kept saying “blerg” and “I want to go to there”
By being over 10 years old and seeing it when it was on TV? Do your parents know you're polling nerds?
Live tv
My bestie, the living embodiment of Liz Lemon (but fully lesbian, not just with the bi-curious shoes) was a yuge fan, and I fell into it by osmosis.
I don’t remember
On a PLANE if you believe it
Through a friend of mine, she told me about how good and underrated it was when it first came out.
Watched on Netflix in grad school, quickly became my comfort show
Cougars episode was free on iTunes
Watched it as it aired live
Friends
Friend recommendation
High school friends group
Nixon came to me in a dream
Got lucky
Netflix
I’d heard good things about it. I didn’t start watching until it was way after it ended, though.
Following Tina Fey from SNL
Watched it live
iTunes free episode of Blind Date
My now partner!
Watched when it originally aired
Hulu?
A friend of said “Meat is the new bread!” And I cracked up and then asked for an explanation.
My college roommate got me hooked when it was airing, s1. We both were (are?) in love with Jack donaghy
College roommate watched it, so I watched it as well.
OG viewer!
My sister was watching it on TV and I came in and decided I had to watch.
My brother watched it back when I was in high school
Netflix
A friend said I'd love it. She was correct.
I love Tina Fey. Tina Fey in 30 Rock. I watch 30 Rock.
Thursday night line up on nbc
BFF told me to watch it
Watched it since iTunes offered “Blind Date” as a free download in 2006
I think it was on tv after something
Television
Thursday nights on NBC
My mom use to watch it when it first came out
My mom watched it and I would be in the room while it was on
Watching the television
Blur my face. Blur it more.
I watched it while it was airing
I think it was on Hulu? I don’t recall watching it on air. Idk 2010 was a long time ago.
On tv at the time
My partner showed it to me
Commercials back when it premiered!
Yes
I watched it when it first aired on tv.
Television
I don’t remember
Boyfriend introduced it to me
During the season 2 writers strike I saw something about it and immediately downloaded all of it.
I watched it with my family as it aired
The Show: not many options back then. The Reddit Group: showed in my home news list.
Watched it in high school with my parents. We were watching tv and turned to something with Alec Baldwin and we were like “oh what’s this?” It was Jack-tor and his filming of his video got us all laughing. We were hooked.
Tv
My wife
Friendly recommendation
Best friend showed it to me, and then I read Bossypants
Randomly saw it on Comedy Central when I was in college and enjoyed it
Watched as it aired
It was on TV
NBC
The Pirate Bay
I was/am a fan of Tina Fey and Jane Krakowski (I used to belt along to her Tony-winning “A Call from the Vatican” from Nine to warm up when I was in drama club in high school) and binge-watched the series on DVD several years ago. I recently rewatched it from the beginning on Peacock (and hunted for the missing/retracted episodes elsewhere)
Through a college friend
Was on after the office
When it aired originally in the 2000s, i.e., on NBC
I've been a fan of Tina Fey and Tracy Morgan for years, so when I heard they were making a show, I was there for it on day one.
T.V. Commercial (pre-streaming)
Gave it a go YEARS ago due to love of Tina Fey
Been too long, don’t recall
Www.jennasside.com
On TV when it first aired
A guy I dated 10 years ago showed me 30 Rock
Am a fan of SNL, Tina Fey, and Tracy Morgan and watched every episode the nights they premiered.
I would be willing to, yes.
It came on after The Office, and then became my favorite show.
Sure :)
It was on tv
No
It was on NBC Thursday night, their comedy night. I always watched.
When I was a kid, my parents watched the office when it was on right before 30 Rock. They didn’t watch 30 Rock, but they’d leave the TV on for background noise. 30 rock came on after bedtime for me, but I was a curious and devious 9-year-old, so I would sneak out of bed and watch the living room tv from the upstairs landing until I got caught. The furthest I ever got into an episode was about 10 minutes and I always wanted to watch more of the show. As an adult, I finally got the chance to watch full episodes, and I’ve watched the series through multiple times since.
The show started when I was in high school and my friends loved it. That's how I knew about it, but I didn't actually watch it until a couple years after college when I saw it on Netflix.
Friends in college
Da pilot
Someone I am no longer friends with introduced me to it in college
Notification on my Gadzorp
Friend introduced me
It was on at a friends house and I saw Jenna’s wet mouth that she never fully closes say she was voting for Osama, then Liz fainted and I was hooked.
From a friend
Saw it live
Season 1
My High School English teacher always referenced it while it was on live in the mid 00s.
I don’t remember
D’fwan is my pet stylist
Okay. Uh, open on the covent garden flower market.

The year... 1892!
[ Cockney accent ] Flowers, flowers for sale!
legit can’t remember
Watched the original run of the show years ago.
Started watching on NBC as a teenager!
Watched it when it was on air
Friends poster in college
it was what was being aired on nbc, i didn’t have a lot of options
Used to watch it on Thursday night prime time
Tina Fey is from my hometown- I watch everything she’s in.
Watched the premiere when it aired
I just finished community and someone said this show was similar
When it first aired
My then-bf (now husband) introduced me
Watched on tv
My dad showed me when I was a kid
television ads
What am I? A farmer??
I classify myself as a Lemonhead and love everything that Tina Fey makes.
Started watching when it aired
On tv
Word of mouth
I'm old enough to have seen every episode live or the next day on TiVo. Hey whatever happened to TiVo? Beep boop bop bop bop
Watched when it aired!
Saw it as it aired on cable back in the day
My girlfriend now wife.
Watching the last few minutes of it before The Office
Probably just surfed to it on tv
I honestly don’t remember. I know I watched it all through college, but I think I just watched it because it was on NBC Thursdays.
Watched it on NBC when it premiered cause I loved Tina fey on SNL!
My brother first season
Netflix algorithm suggested it and never went back
Bathroom ad at Teterboro airport
It was on TV
Watched it when it aired live because I’m quite old
Saw it on Hulu in 2008
I liked Tina Fey on SNL and began watching her new show. 30 Rock. Thursdays on NBC.
Tracy Jordan referenced Basquiat in an early episode and a friend of mine who’d seen the episode told me about it because I have Basquiat’s artwork tattooed on me.
Tv show
It took 3 attempts after the show was off air and on streaming but I eventually got past episode 4 or so and it finally clicked and I’ve been obsessed ever since.
Watching with my best friend in high school
NBC
I watch all the nbc sitcoms - but this became my fav
Tv
On tv back when it went on the air in 2006
Watched first episode live on tv
Watched first episode live on tv
My parents
Yes
Husband introduced me
When it aired on nbc
My wife started watching it and convinced me to try it.
I was doing a study abroad program in the South of France and was frantically torrenting any American show I could because of the homesickness. I watched the first episode of season 1 and was booked before she had finished giving away all the hot dogs. Binged through all of the first season (I'm originally from the Cleveland area, so all of the Cleveland positivity toward the end had me giddy!) and then season 2 began and I faithfully got the episode every week... Then the writers strike happened :(
I watched the first season AT LEAST 25 times through before I came back to the USA. And several dozen more times (plus all the other seasons) since!
Mom recommended it
I've tried to figure this out before and I literally don't know.
When it was announced Tina Fey had a show
Plain old tv advertising…in 2004
My BFF watched season 1 and 2 when they aired and told me to watch it. We were juniors in college.
Ex
My boyfriend
Watched it when it first came out when NBC was not tanking it
A friend told me about I
Watched new eps on primetime NBC back in the day lol
Netflix suggestion
Ad during a MILF Island commercial break
A YouTube clip of that background joke where Yo-Yo Ma was called to the stage for the Muffin Top song.
Gifted 1st season DVD
It was on Netflix when Netflix first started offering streaming
Yes, I don’t remember
Tina Fey
It was on TV
My best friend showed me the clip of Moonvest saying “show me your fingernails” and I was like “no THANK you! This is NOT the show for me” then she made me watch a few episodes then I was like “yeahh”
I was looking for something with a decent amount of seasons to binge.
Watched while it was first airing
By watching it when it was on real life regular network tv
No
On tv, dummy
Unknown
I watched it as it aired.
On cable television
Yes. Later seasons on their original air dates.
I watched it when it first came on.
My brother bullied me into watching it and I’m glad he did!
My ma
Thursday night tv
NBC Thursday
I don't remember how I first became aware of it, but I do remember after going through a breakup, watching it on my laptop on Netflix every night and falling asleep feeling better.
TV
Saw a glimpse of an episode air on tv and got hooked. Immediately binged first 4 seasons to catch up and continued from then on.
My friend introduced me to it in 2011 and I have been watching it every night since to fall asleep
I don't even remember, I just know that it's one of the greatest shows of all time.
Syndication on my television
I was introduced by my nutritionist and his elderly son.
Love Tina Fey from SNL, watched the original airings
No clue
Came on after the office
Friend
My parents watched it. I was 7 years old when the show started, and watching it actively by the time it ended when I was 14.
promos on NBC
Television
Kimiko taught me that
I was a fan of Tina from SNL. Heard she had a new show. Watched it. Love it.
My dad was watching it in the living room
One of my best friends showed it to me in College
was recommended to me because I like SNL
I was wee TWINK when it was on TV
yes.
Friend's shirt in high school that said 30 Rock
Original run
When it was on network prime time. The good old days.
It was on Hulu
It was on prime time baby! The golden age of tv!!
Saw a clip of Tina Fey dancing with a mustache on tv, looked it up
“got caught with 30 rocks the cop look like alec baldwin” -kanye west
Stumbled upon it on Netflix in ‘15
Watched live when it was on cable
TV
I have two eyes and a heart don't I?
It was on after Parks and Rec on the TV so I decided to record that too cause I'd heard good things about it. Have loved it ever since
On a plane
Ex boyfriend
Watched the early seasons as they aired while I was in college—you never get over the media of those years!
I discover 30 Rock when I purchased my first television set in order to watch SMASH. Turned out there were other worthwhile “programs” available to enjoy on network television including 30 Rock.
Popular gifs I've seen in 2013-2016. Such as the "fellow kids" one or the "What am I, a farmer?" one.
Was a fan of Tina on SNL and was excited when 30 Rock was announced. Watched it live on NBC from the pilot through the whole run
Like 15 years ago in high school
I was aware of it in college when all my Sorkin loving friends said it wasn't as good as Studio 60, but I didn't watch it properly until years later
Les Moonvest
¯\_(ツ)_/¯
I don’t remember! But I think it was right before the last season came out
I needed a break from German sitcoms
Tv
Watched it live
On Reddit
No
It was on the TV and I couldn't look away because there was a waterbug on my channel changer
High school friend
Boyfriend
I cannot remember but it was during season 2
Decided to watch it after enjoying other more recent Tina fey work
In high school, a friend suggested i check out Parks and Rec. But 30 Rock came on after and changed my life.
TV, back when it was on.
From Ace of Cakes
My wife showed me the Leap Day episode
My friend watched it while it was on tv. I think I jumped on board late. Maybe around when s6 started airing.
just scrolling mindlessly on netflix during winter break of 2013 and the rest is history.
A friend recommended it.
Friend in college suggested it - that was around 2009
nbc
I first watched it when it was airing—I read articles about this upcoming Tina Fey show.
Yes
Pretty sure it was on after Donny and Marie.
I don't remember, I think I just have it a shot on Netflix
OG tv watching
Shove it up your goonhole
I heard of it in some preview of new shows for the fall when it first came out.
I don’t remember
Thursday night NBC ads
Family member told me about it
Friends
It was on TV. I turned the TV on and it was there on NBC, on Thursdays, right after Bitch Hunter. But for real, watched it when it originally aired in tv because it’s whatcha ya do.
Through a sibling, due to my love of Tina Fey
No
It used to be on the same night as the Office and Parks and Rec, it was NBC’s comedy night. I came to lust after Steve Carrell and I stayed to lust after Jack McBrayer.
My mother and I started watching it together while it aired (I was in high school)
Randomly got a recommended post from the subreddit, opened an untold world of opportunity
An online review during the first run of season 3.
Friends in 2015
Watched when it originally aired
binged the whole first season on nbc.com in 2007
7th grade math teacher
Yes.
I can’t remember. Some combo of it being on Hulu and living in nyc while having friends of friends that were on the show.
I honestly don't remember, I started watching it during covid because I needed something new and heard it was funny
Watched it when it originally aired
I started watching it when it came out on TV. And then obsessively re-watching it once it started streaming.
I saw it on the television and thought it had a very similar name to 3rd Rock from the Sun
It was on tv. Watched it from the get-go!
Can’t remember!
It came on after some show and I caught the episode with Argo the peacock. Idk why, but I found it charming and funny. I searched for the show afterwards and haven't looked back.
My current boyfriend got me into it
my mom
When I bought the season 1 DVD after it being recommended to me
...tina fey, nerd. im a millennial.
Watched it by mistake
My mother watched it as it aired in NBC
My fiancé said her parents loved it.
the creation of netflix streaming. also my parents maybe

16-minute read.

the AM-AZ border delimitation in Tavush is drawn with 1976 maps; village Kirants gains access to lands unreachable since the 1990s; loses 4 properties

On May 15 the border commissions of Armenia and Azerbaijan held a meeting to discuss the continuation of the Tavush-Gazakh delimitation. They confirmed the completed work and agreed to continue.
The statement says that parties are using the 1976 maps by Soviet CoGS [the one that Armenia wanted].
A Protocol was signed on the meeting results. The sides agreed to set the date and the place of the next meeting of the Commissions.
REPORTER: What does this mean?
PASHINYAN OFFICE: The commissions had installed several border posts to locate the coordinates on the ground. These coordinates were taken from the 1976 maps. Now the cartographers have agreed on the border lines between the posts, again based on the same maps. In other words, the reproduction of the border in these areas is complete and signed, and the border is considered delimited in these sections.
REPORTER: Why the 1976 maps?
PASHINYAN OFFICE: It's the map with de jure power at the time of the collapse of the USSR. The Armenian government announced that we were not drawing a new border, but rather reproducing the existing border at the time of the collapse of the USSR.
REPORTER: The commissions' statement says that these 1976 maps went through legal procedures in 1979. What does it mean, and why didn't we use the 1990 maps?
PASHINYAN OFFICE: In 1979 the relevant USSR authority verified the 1976 maps and their legal basis. These maps were used until the collapse of USSR. These are the most recent maps verified by authorized state agencies of USSR.
REPORTER: Not all border posts have been installed in the convoluted section of Kirants. How will this be resolved? Will you build new roads or houses?
PASHINYAN OFFICE: The 3 remaining coordinates of Kirants were pinpointed with the use of a computer and the border posts will be installed later. The rest [another 8 posts in Kirants] are already there. The good news for Kirants is that around 25 hectares of land that have been unreachable for 33 years will be returned to the village. The border resembles the 1976 line. As we said earlier, yes, there is a need to build a bypass road, which can be accomplished in 2-3 months. We will also rebuild the road between H-26 and Acharkut and Kirants, which is an alternative road for Kirants. As for property issues, the volumes are small and the government will compensate in such situations.
REPORTER: What about Baghanis, Berkaber, and Voskepar?
PASHINYAN OFFICE: The most sensitive topic in Voskepar was the fate of the church, and on the Voskepar-Baghanis section, it was the Soviet-era road. Both issues received the best resolution: the road is fully within Armenia and so is the church, and the border line is quite far from the road and the church. As for Berkaber, there were no such sensitive topics.
REPORTER: When will the sides deploy border guards?
PASHINYAN OFFICE: Within 8-9 days, and a bit later in the 3 sensitive areas of Kirants after further clarifications. //
On Thursday, PM Nikol Pashinyan spoke about the May 15 border commission.
PASHINYAN: This is a major success for two reasons: (1) A very important cornerstone was placed for the future development of Armenia as an independent and sovereign state, (2) for the first time since independence, we have an officially delimited border, which will significantly increase the level of stability and security in that section and along the entire border. I'd like to thank the border commission leader Deputy PM Mher Grigoryan and all members, and every member of the National Security Council.
I'll provide further details. As you recall from the May 15 statement, it says the borders are delimited based on the 1976 maps that underwent the legal procedures in 1979. As you know, our principle was to reproduce the existing border with de jure power instead of drawing a new one. To accomplish this, we made a reference to the 1991 Almaty Declaration in the April 19 agreement, and it became the basis for the entire delimitation process. On May 15 we specified the 1976 maps; these are the most up-to-date USSR maps with de jure power.
In USSR, a map could be granted a de jure power by a special state agency that collected maps and legal processes and verified their accuracy and legitimacy before confirming the administrative border of Soviet republics. In the area where these delimitations are taking place, in 1979 this USSR state agency verified the 1976 map and it's the most recent map with de jure power.
This was a very important principle for us. We must accept wherever this border passes through. If we chose to draw new borders, that would create a ground for future military conflicts and escalations. The ongoing process, which should not be underestimated or overestimated, abides by the principle of adhering to the legal border and significantly reduces or eliminates possible escalations. This agreement was a major success.
Berkaber: there were no issues here.
Baghanis & Voskepar: at first we thought that some issues could arise here, around the church and, as the locals say, the "old road". If you've ever been there you have seen this road sign, when you pass Baghanis, the sign warns you that the road is being observed [under Azeri scope] and it was not advised to use this road during tense periods. Now, as a result of border delimitation, this road is not only confirmed within Armenia, but it will be safer for travel as a result of the new circumstances [border guards replacing the militarized armed forces, less dispute = less conflicts]. As for the church, we don't have a problem here because the border passes significantly further away from it.
So to recap, we recorded no problems in Berkaber, Baghanis, and Voskepar because we chose to follow the de jure border line and we did so. Following this principle is also why we will have certain problems in Kirants because we don't want to draw an entirely new border. We must use this principle for the entire AM-AZ border, with no exceptions. Not only we are creating a precedence for delimitation, but also a formula to be used for the future entire delimitation process and to make it predictable. If parties decide to make mutual concessions in certain areas, we could discuss the launch of legislative processes to authorize them, but for now, we have agreed on a principle to be used for the entire AM-AZ border. On each section of the border, we will use the most recent USSR maps that hold de jure power.
MHER GRIGORYAN: On May 15 the border commissions also discussed the Regulation and it appears we have an agreement to reflect these principles in the Regulation. Efforts are underway to prepare the Regulation. Azerbaijan wants to continue the border delimitation with the same framework and algorithm used thus far.
PASHINYAN: We should implement the reached agreements in full within 8-10 days. The border guards were deployed in Baghanis-Voskepar around 10 days ago. They were deployed alongside the installation of the white border markers. They are currently studying the terrain to launch the permanent service there. The same will be done in other sections.
source, source, source, source, video,

the list of properties that fall under the Azeri side of the border in Kirants after the delimitation of the 3 problematic sections

1 house, 1 lodging, 1 trailer-shop that doesn't operate, and 1 garage. The government plans to compensate for them and will build a new section of this road that passes fully through Armenia.
source, source, see the map here,

opposition MP from ARF/Kocharyan faction got fed up with protesters' road blocks in Tavush villages

Gegham Nazaryan, a father of a fallen soldier and an opposition MP who - unlike his colleagues - doesn't always engage in toxic exchanges with the ruling party, decided to visit the border village Kirants, where he asked the road blockers to open it.
He engaged in an argument with a protester from another region who came to Kirants to block the road. The MP complained that blocking the road is what Azeris would want.
The MP also engaged with an activist-reporter from an opposition outlet who was covering the road blockings. The MP accused the reporter of "having bad intentions" and of "manipulations". The activist-reporter accused the MP of having secret ties with Pashinyan during an intense yelling match. "Great speech. You call yourself a journalist?", rhetorically asked the opposition MP.
ARF leaders responded saying their MP was not speaking/acting on behalf of the party.
STYOPA SAFARYAN (pro-West figure): MP Gegham Nazaryan also senses that some forces are attempting to carry out Artsakh 2.0 in Armenia by attempting to derail the border delimitation process. //
In related news. The protesters pressured the mayor of Kirants who gave an interview last week and admitted that the delimitation went much better than he expected. On Thursday he offered to resign from his position during a confrontation with an opposition media outlet reporter who was unhappy about the mayor's positive portrayal of the delimitation process.
longer video, video, video, video, source, source,

Armenian government approves a $2 billion permanent housing assistance program for Nagorno-Karabakh refugees; rollout in stages

SOCIAL MINISTRY: We need to provide long-term housing to allow the forcefully displaced persons to socially and economically integrate into Armenia. The program has three components: (1) Obtaining a house or an apartment with a subsidy, (2) building a house with a subsidy, (3) subsidizing the mortgage if the refugee has already purchased a house.

... The size of the subsidy varies depending on the geographical location and the size of the family

(1) ֏5 million ($12,900) per family member to obtain housing in one of the 242 towns or villages.
(2) ֏4 million ($10,300) per family member to obtain housing in one of 148 towns or villages.
(3) ֏3 million ($7,700) per family member for all other settlements except Yerevan's 1st and 2nd Zones.
(4) and ֏2 million ($5,200) if you already have a mortgage.

... Conditions to qualify

(a) Families forcefully displaced after 27 September 2020.
(b) Refugees who accept Armenian citizenship.
(c) The living space cannot be smaller than 12 m<sup>2</sup> per family member.
(d) The property's value cannot exceed ֏55 million ($141,000).

... If you buy a house cheaper than the subsidy amount, you can use the remaining balance to...

(1) buy agricultural land worth up to ֏5 million
(2) renovate the newly purchased house if necessary, worth up to ֏4 million
(3) buy furniture and appliances, up to ֏2 million

... Which forcefully displaced families do NOT qualify?

(a) If they are already a recipient of another housing program that began immediately after the 2020 war.
(b) If one of the family members owned a house or apartment in Armenia as of 2023-09-19 or at the time of application.

... Conditions if you want to receive aid to build your own house

(a) Select one of the preapproved projects/plans.
(b) The construction company must be licensed in Armenia.

... The assistance will stop if

(a) If two family members under the age of 55 are absent from Armenia for >180 days per year unless they leave Armenia to receive education in one of the top 400 international universities, aviation training, or military training.

... The housing assistance will roll out in phases

The first phase will include families with 3 or more children if they want an apartment or 2+ children if they want a house, low-income families, those who already have a mortgage, families who lost a member in war, and creditworthy families who can take out a separate loan amounting 50% of the assistance size.
The second phase, starting 2026-01-01, will include families with 2 children if they want an apartment or families with 1 child if they want a house.
The third phase, starting 2027-01-01, will include everyone else.

... PM Pashinyan about the refugee housing program

PASHINYAN: The working group has done a lot of work to get here, thank you. Spread the word so people will know the details of this assistance program. No one should be forced to visit or call an office to receive basic details.
We have decided not to adopt a "flat" approach; the amount of aid increases based on the family size and the location of the house. We had to exclude the [expensive and crowded] central parts of Yerevan. We also have to ensure a proportional load on the educational facilities.
If the refugee has an active mortgage loan taken in Armenia, let's say taken in 2016, each family member will receive ֏2 million towards that mortgage. So if you have a family of 6 [Nagorno-Karabakh families are often larger than Armenia-based families], you receive $31,000 to pay off your mortgage.
On the other hand, our brothers and sisters from Nagorno-Karabakh who are well-off and already own a house without an outstanding mortgage balance, won't receive assistance because the goal of this program is to help those who don't have a house.

... How much will this cost?

FINANCE MINISTER: There will be up to 25,000 recipient families, and if we use the averages, it amounts to [voice is starting to crackle] ֏500 billion ($1.3 billion) for the housing costs alone. There will be additional expenses associated with this program. Every year, for the next 10-12 years, we will confirm the annual expenditures. So the overall costs will amount to ֏700-800 billion.
PASHINYAN: So that's roughly a $2 billion investment program in Armenia. Also, by becoming citizens of Armenia to take advantage of this housing program, the refugees won't lose any refugee rights or privileges, and they will not lose the ongoing monthly cash [40+10] assistance programs.
FINANCE MINISTER: We have launched a new line in the migration services to handle the expected uptick in applications in the coming months so people won't face long lines. The passport departments in provinces will begin to handle citizenship applications just for refugees; today this is only possible in Yerevan.
video,

EU's EBRD and US's USAID to develop connectivity in the South Caucasus

During the EBRD forum held in Yerevan, the two signed a Memorandum of Understanding to develop the Trans-Caspian International Transport Route, also known as the Middle Corridor, to further enhance connectivity between Asia and Europe via the South Caucasus.
It's about expanding trade, green energy, investment, as well as transport and digital infrastructure in Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia.

The MoU seeks to enhance the planning, design and construction of critical energy, transport, digital and agricultural infrastructure in the region. It also aims to: improve the efficiency of customs, tariff and border operations; attract private capital investment into the South Caucasus economies for the development of the Middle Corridor; and adopt the highest international standards to promote economic connectivity with Europe and among South Caucasus countries.

source,

other EBRD projects were announced

source,

Lake Sevan is back to 2021 levels after the heavy precipitation in May: VIDEO

OFFICIAL: As of May, the level was 1900.46, which is 2 cm higher than the 2021 mark and 29 cm higher than January 1.
2021 was a harmful year for Sevan because of unprecedented heat waves. In June 2021 there was an evaporation of 153M m<sup>3</sup> water, which was a historical high, while the precipitation on the surface was only 4.8M m<sup>3,</sup> which was 4x lower than the previous historical low [WTF?]. Also, the river flow was at 40%. As a result of all this, instead of the usual 7 cm increase for June, we observed a 10 cm decline.
This year the conditions have been much better. We are finally back to the May 2021 levels. The rains filled it up from above, and the Arpa-Sevan tunnel from below the rocks. This tunnel has already brought 89M m<sup>3</sup> this year, which is 2x more than last year.
Another contributing factor is the reduced reliance on Sevan for irrigation because the agricultural fields are still wet. Last year we had to tap into Sevan starting May 14. This year the government hasn't even summoned a meeting to authorize a release of water.
The 5 largest reservoirs currently hold 605M m<sup>3,</sup> up by 240M. Only the Aparan reservoir is lacking. In Ketchut reservoir the water is above the famous "flowers" (margaritka). This is the first time in 5 years that the water is above the margaritkas. When the water rises above margaritkas, it drops down and flows into Lake Sevan. Overall, 90% of the water entering Sevan is wasted by evaporation.
REPORTER: Rains will return starting May 22.
video,

EBRD will provide $10 million to finance the Armenian private sector’s investments in growth, competitiveness, and greener and more sustainable practices

upgrading their production facilities and processes to EU standards. At least 70 per cent of the loans will go to support the green transition. Borrowers will receive incentive grants and technical advice funded by the European Union

source,

anti-corruption: former MP from Gagik Tsarukyan's BHK party is arrested under the suspicion of defrauding several homebuyers through real estate machinations

AUTHORITIES: Ex-MP Aragats Akhoyan's construction companies collected ֏274 million from several prospective apartment buyers in 2010-2014. He pocketed the funds.
source, source, video,

Armenia signs Council of Europe's Bioethics Convention

The Oviedo Convention is the only international legal instrument that defines the principles for the protection of human rights in the field of medicine and biological medicine.
FM Mirzoyan met Marija Burić on Thursday in Strasbourg to sign it.
source,

Armenia will open an embassy in Cyprus

Currently, Armenia’s Ambassador to Greece also serves as Ambassador to Cyprus. The seat of the Cypriot Embassy in Armenia is in Moscow.
In March Cyprus said it would open an embassy in Yerevan.
source,

Belarus leader Lukashenko suggests he and Ilham Aliyev discussed the 2020 war before it began

Lukashenko is in Baku to strengthen the strategic AZ-BY relations.
LUKASHENKO: We are brothers and we have a common vision of the world and where it's headed. I remember our conversation before the 2020 war, your liberation war, when we had a philosophical debate at a dinner table. At the time we came to the conclusion that it's possible to win the war. That's important. It's very important to preserve that victory. I also agreed with you at the time that the most difficult period would come after the liberation of the lands. Today is that difficult period when we have to revive those lands and return people, while others will born there. It'll be difficult to revive these lands in 5-10 years; it requires extensive work. Belarus is ready to help Azerbaijan. //
Nikol should have greeted Putin at the airport to avoid the war.
source,

Luxembourg lawmakers urge government to act for implementation of World Court orders by Azerbaijan

Deputies have unanimously adopted a motion asking the government to act for the implementation of the ICC orders by Azerbaijan.
The MPs urge to demand from Azerbaijan an immediate release of all Armenian prisoners of war, support peace between Armenia and Azerbaijan, expand the partnership between Armenia and EU, support the normalization of relations between Armenia and Turkey, deepen the diplomatic relations between Armenia and Luxembourg.
source,

ranking member of Armenia's ruling party about EU membership

The MP Khandanyan says Pashinyan has already announced that Armenia wants to deepen ties with the EU as much as possible and that how soon Armenia submits a bid to become an EU candidate will depend on the signals coming from the EU. In general, today the EU is not ready to expand because some EU members oppose it, said Khandanyan. When the EU sends a signal that it's ready, Armenia will "accelerate" the steps, said Khandanyan, adding that Armenia itself has already sent that "signal" that it wants closer integration with the EU.
But first, Khandanyan says Armenia must improve its resilience because the transitional phase will be full of risks. Armenia expects the EU's assistance to improve the resilience [reduce reliance on Russia].
source,

Բրյուսելի հանդիպման արդյունքներով ԵՄ-ն կշարունակի նպաստել ՀՀ տնտեսական զարգացմանը

PM Pashinyan hosted EU's Trade Commissioner Valdis Dombrovskis to discuss the implementation of the economic agreements reached on April 5 in Brussels to improve Armenia's resilience.
Pashinyan also called for the EU's assistance in implementing the refugee housing program adopted by the Government this morning.
The EU Trade Commissioner said the EU will continue to assist Armenia's development, including in the areas of energy, infrastructure, diversification of markets, implementation of higher standards, improvement of business environment, etc.
source, other meeting, other meeting,

U.S. Ambassador Kvien is "optimistic about the opportunities offered by Armenia to U.S. and other foreign companies"

A meeting was held at the central bank building participated by Ambassador Kvien and other guests of the EBRD forum that's being held in Yerevan this year.
Ambassador Kvien also highlighted Armenia's high economic growth rate in recent years.
source,

Armenia's membership to EAEU is beneficial for Armenia: Moscow

DEPUTY FM of RUSSIA: I don't know what the Armenian leadership plans to do in the future, but EAEU is undoubtedly a mutually beneficial process. This is reflected in the economic growth figures of Armenia.
source,

Armenian government invites the head of Metsamor nuclear plant to join talks with European Commission officials

The infrastructure ministry and NPP chief met a delegation led by the European Commission's Deputy Director-General for International Cooperation and Development Marjeta Jager.
The European Commission official thanked for the invitation and welcomed the steps by the Armenian government towards the energy reforms in Armenia. They spoke about NPP's operation and future plans.
They discussed the exchange of experience and financial programs.
source,

Armenia and European Commission officials discussed the implementation of April 5 agreements reached in Brussels

The head of the European Commission's Neighbourhood and Enlargement Negotiations Adrienn Kiraly was hosted by foreign ministry on Thursday.
They discussed programs to improve Armenia's resilience under the April 5 agreement, the full implementation of CEPA and its expansion.
source,

Moscow released a somewhat misleading statement after the recent meeting between Pashinyan and Putin, according to National Security Council chief Armen Grigoryan

According to Grigoryan, Pashinyan did not "ask" Putin to maintain troops on the borders with Turkey and Iran. According to Grigoryan, Pashinyan asked Putin to remove the Russian guards from Yerevan's airport and AM-AZ border, and when Putin asked Pashinyan if he also wanted to remove them from TR and IR border, Pashinyan said "no", because those guards were installed under a different agreement. Context in Wednesday news digest.
Grigoryan also criticized Russia's attempts to stoke divisions between Armenia and Iran by presenting the EU observer mission as anti-Iranian. Grigoryan demanded Russia present evidence of the EU mission carrying out activities outside of their AM-AZ border monitoring mission. "Iran has already expressed its stance. I don't understand why Russia is attempting to use the EU's Monitoring Mission to cause issues," said Grigoryan.
source,

Armenia's NatSec chief Armen Grigoryan advised Russia to improve its own human rights conditions and freedom of speech before commenting on Armenia's internal affairs

Russia's foreign ministry spokeswoman Maria Zakharova recently complained about Armenian police using force to clear the roads blocked by pro-Russian party activists. Zakharova also complained that the West wasn't criticizing the Armenian government for it.
NatSec GRIGORYAN: Armenian protesters have been able to fully exercise their freedom of speech during legally organized rallies. Illegal actions are obviously countered by police. Perhaps Russia should first look at itself before criticizing us.
REPORTER: Look at what? Russia doesn't have opposition, how can they oppress something that doesn't exist?
ARMEN GRIGORYAN: Russia should discuss its own kitchen. The developments in Armenia are not related to Russia.... or are they? If these protests are tied to Russia, Moscow should directly say so. If Moscow sees a problem, they must say it directly, and not do so by dragging others like they did in the case of Iran and the EU Mission.
source,

during a meeting in Yerevan, Jordan's foreign ministry expressed concern over the attempted takeover of part of the Armenian district of Jerusalem

The Deputy FM of Jordan met his Armenian counterpart in Yerevan to discuss bilateral relations and regional issues. The parties criticized the attempts to change the status quo in Jerusalem.
source,

Pashinyan and Diaspora Office held a meeting about the iGorts professional repatriation program: VIDEO

source,

monkeys could soon become smarter than you

Are monkeys entering the stone age? Capuchin primates were filmed using tools to dig for food underground, days after an orangutan treated its own wound with plant.
The footage joins a growing number of studies looking into the tiny South American primate's use of stone and stick tools, an emerging field that some research universities now describe as 'documenting the Monkey Stone Age in real-time.'
video,

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The last few years in football have seen many QB injuries. Every chunk of years probably does. But in the 2024 season, 14 quarterbacks will begin starting and healthy who have had top 5 finishes.
Recent seasons have seen many combinations such that several of these guys weren't available. Rodgers' achilles, Lamar missing stretches before last year, Kyler ACL tear, Burrow calf and ACL, Deshaun Watson massage assaulter, etc. This season features the most healthy top 5 QBs of any year I can find in data. And with some promising young fantasy assets like Anthony Richardson, CJ Stroud and Brock Purdy in the mix, this could be the most crowded top end of fantasy QBs in a long time.
QBs + top 5 finishes in no particular order

QB	Top 5 Finishes
Patrick Mahomes	2018, 2020, 2021, 2022
Josh Allen	2020, 2021, 2022, 2023
Lamar Jackson	2019, 2023
Jalen Hurts	2022, 2023
Kyler Murray	2020
Justin Herbert	2021
Dak Prescott	2019, 2023
Joe Burrow	2022
Russell Wilson	2014, 2015, 2017, 2019
Kirk Cousins	2016
Matt Stafford	2021
Jordan Love	2023
Aaron Rodgers	2010, 2011, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2020
Deshaun Watson	2018, 2019, 2020

I’d say his peak (2005-2010) is definitely top 3 to 5 all-time. He completely mastered the game of basketball at this point, having finally embraced teamwork. Many remember him famously deferring to teammates like Artest in the 2010 Finals. He perfected his scoring arsenal, showcasing mastery across all moves while excelling in individual defensive matchups against elite opponents. His championship run highlighted his independence from his past partnership with Shaq, reminiscent of Steph Curry's triumph without KD in the 2022 NBA Finals. Notably, Kobe faced the formidable late 2000s-early 2010s Western Conference, widely regarded as the toughest in NBA history. His consecutive victories in such a challenging environment show his exceptional talent and leadership.
Some things to point out about Kobe’s peak-
• Looking at his regular season and playoff averages during his prime, he put up about 30, 6 and 5 and shot 47/35/85 .. not bad for an “inefficient ballhog.” He also averaged around 2 SPG and a block per game.
• Kobe became just one of three players to ever win multiple championships (2009 and 2010) without a Top75 teammate by his side (Don’t get me wrong, Pau was definitely one of the better power forwards of the 2000s, but he wasn’t exactly making that much noise in Memphis.. he won ROTY and had a single All-Star Game selection in ‘06… that’s it. Being selected to a total of zero All-NBA Teams before playing with Kobe doesn’t exactly scream ‘superstar’).
• He’s the only player in NBA history to lead his team over four 50+ win teams in a single postseason run without a top 75 teammate, showcasing his ability to win without a superstar player alongside him.
Considering both Kobe’s peak and his overall career résumé, it's reasonable to assert that he should be ranked around 3rd to 7th among all-time players.
• His overall stats place him in an elite category among the greatest to ever do it.
•Kobe's extensive career achievements firmly establish him among the top 4 to 7 all-time, far surpassing the modest rankings some detractors assign him within the top 10-15 players of all time.
• Are you f**king kidding me? Lol
• Kobe is easily one of the greatest on-ball defenders in NBA history, despite the last two of his All-NBA Defensive First Team selections being sorta handed to him lol. The rest were completely well-deserved however.
The inclusion of the poll was intended to inject an element of intrigue into the post. I eagerly await your feedback😎😎😎😎
Edit- You guys are honestly all a bunch of low-iq pussies, this app is honestly so fucking gay. None of you watch the actual games and formulate ur takes based on that, u just listen to Stephen a smith’s loud retarded ass yell like a crackhead, or to JJ Reddick’s smug retarded ass, and just copy whatever BS narrative the “experts” try to push.. I actually provided objective evidence to support my claims abt Kobe, and yet u guys wanna BS, calling me a fucking “rape defender” and all kinds of horrid shit.. Funny part is I’ve personally messaged most of u to duke it out like men, and only one of u actually had the balls to step up. COWARDS. The rest of you are typical Lebron Stans- undercover liberal mask-wearing hippies who’ve never been in an actual fair fight in all your lives. I genuinely hope Reddit bans me, I’m honestly too smart for most of u fucks… you know why? I actually STUDY THE FUCKING GAME😂😂 Fuck Reddit , gay ass app. Yall literally had an entire thread , AN ENTIRE FUCKING THREAD, of ppl saying Detlef Schrempf was better than Chris Mullin. You fucking imbeciles.
@Reddit, pls ban me from this stupid pussy ass app. Fuck you dumb motherfuckers.
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International general accepted consensus criteria is done by the American Initiative in Mast Cell Diseases (AIM) and the European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM) consensus group:
Global Classification of Mast Cell Activation Disorders: An ICD-10-CM–Adjusted Proposal of the ECNM-AIM Consortium (2022)00493-7/fulltext)
MCAS studies:
Using the Right Criteria for MCAS (2024)
Updated Diagnostic Criteria and Classification of Mast Cell Disorders: A Consensus Proposal (2021)
Proposed Diagnostic Algorithm for Patients with Suspected Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (2019)30056-X/fulltext)
AAAAI Mast Cell Disorders Committee Work Group Report: Mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS) diagnosis and management (2031116-9/fulltext)19)
Mast Cell Activation Disorders (2010)
Critical reviews:
Dilemma of Mast Cell Activation Syndrome: Overdiagnosed or Underdiagnosed? (2024)00065-5/fulltext)
Mast Cell Diseases in Practice and Research: Issues and Perspectives Raised by Patients and Their Recommendations to the Scientific Community and Beyond (2022)00640-7/fulltext)
Selecting the Right Criteria and Proper Classification to Diagnose Mast Cell Activation Syndromes: A Critical Review (2021)00676-0/fulltext)
COVID-19 infection in patients with mast cell disorders including mastocytosis does not impact mast cell activation symptoms (2021)00203-8/fulltext)
Mast Cell Activation Syndrome – What it Is and Isn’t (2020)
Doctor, I Think I Am Suffering from MCAS: Differential Diagnosis and Separating Facts from Fiction (2019)30819-5/fulltext)
Mediator studies:
Detecting Changes in Mast Cell Numbers Versus Activation in Human Disease: A Roadblock for Current Biomarkers? (2024) 00271-X/fulltext)
Reversible Elevation of Tryptase Over the Individual's Baseline: Why is It the Best Biomarker for Severe Systemic Mast Cell Activation and MCAS? (2024)
How good are mast cell mediators? (2021) 00515-9/abstract) (Login free)
Potentially related:
Mast Cell Disorders Are Associated with Decreased Cerebral Blood Flow And Small Fiber Neuropathy (2021)