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submitted by vanessa1506 to u/vanessa1506 [link] [comments]


2024.04.29 07:25 blistboy Wicked is a ONLY a prequel to the 1939 film (**not Baum's book**)

*Note: I am not a copyright lawyer, I'm not any kind of lawyer, nor am I making an accusation that anyone or any entity is infringing on the copyright or trademark of any other entities. That being said…
I have a theory that Wicked -- both Maguire's novel (Wicked: the Life and Times of the Wicked Witch of the West, 1995) and more so the musical (Wicked, 2003 Universal Stage Productions) -- solely functions as a prequel to the 1939 MGM film the Wizard of Oz (now owned by WB), and not that film's public domain source novel the Wonderful Wizard of Oz by L. Frank Baum. Let me explain...
Maguire wrote Wicked in 1994 in response to the Gulf War. His clever use of Oz characters passed scrutiny during publication in 1995 under parody and fair use laws, and because the Baum novel had long been in the public domain… as well as Ted Turner arranging to sell the MGM catalog to WB, circa 1997, making the timing ideal for Maguire's novel to skirt any copyright/trademark scrutiny for using elements from the non-public domain film.
We know what happened next, the book was a raging success and soon it was popular enough to be optioned by Universal and turned into a stage musical produced (after film & TV productions with Demi Moore and Salma Hayek separately attached failed to materialize). The musical opened first in San Francisco for try-outs and then Broadway in 2003. And writers Stephen Schwartz and Winnie Holzman liberally peppered even more direct homages and winks to the 1939 film into leitmotifs and other elements of the book, score, and staging.
But, Wicked has TOO many elements from the 1939 film, and NOT ENOUGH from Baum's original book, to merit it being called a prequel to the book (this is also true of Disney’s 2013 admitted attempt to cash-in on Wicked’s success, Oz: the Great and Powerful – which is even more egregious than Wicked, and ironic, as its own title is directly lifted from the 1939 film misquote of the book’s moniker of “Oz the Great and Terrible”).
---
So now, let's look at some of key differences between the book the Wonderful Wizard of Oz (WWoOZ) and its film adaption from 1939, and how Wicked (and that Disney rip-off - though I don’t want to have to keep mentioning that movie so just assume most of what I say applies there too) reinterprets these events and characters:
- In the book WWoOz it is established that there are four cardinal witches in the land of Oz. Dorothy vanquishes two unrelated Wicked Witches in the East (WWotE) and West (WWotW) as well as encountering the benevolent unnamed good witch of the North at the start of her adventure and a separate good witch, Glinda of the South, who helps her home in the end. MGM condensed the good witches into one character “Glinda the Good Witch of the North” as well as adding a subplot turning the Wicked Witches into sisters (providing Margaret Hamilton’s Witch more direct motivation to pursue Judy Garland’s Dorothy via the Witch’s presumed right to collateral inheritance of her sister’s shoes). Both Maguire and Disney follow the 1939 film’s continuity regarding these relationships making the wicked witches siblings, and Glinda the sole “good witch” in opposition to them.
-WWotW as depicted in Baum’s novel bears little to no resemblance to the green-skinned Margaret Hamilton in the 1939 film, and subsequently Maguire’s Elphaba. Oz illustrator W. W. Denslow, whom Baum worked closely with when designing the characters, depicts the witch as a hunched old hag with three pigtails and an eyepatch, tall brimmed hat, ruffed collar, coat and skirt. While MGM’s design team, led by legendary costumer Adrian, initially tested several looks for WWotW (including a glamorous sequined look inspired by Disney’s Evil Queen in Snow White). MGM screenwriter, Herman Mankiewicz (who expanded the role of the wicked witch from book to screenplay, and wrote several key lines for her including, “I’ll get you my pretty!”) insisted "witches should be ugly!" And Margaret Hamilton’s Witch was given green skin to broadcast her “wickedness” as well as make her face and hands stand-out against her black medieval gown, cloak and sharp brimmed hat. Needless to say this film only element of green-skin becomes a major plot point of Wicked. And Susan Hilferty’s stage designs for Elphaba retain the 1939 film’s silhouette and dark color palette.
-Another difference in Baum’s WWotW is that she only had one eye, but that it "was as powerful as a telescope", and this is how she spies on her enemies. MGM was again inspired by Snow White's Queen, and popular imagery of fortune tellers, giving Hamilton’s Witch the ability to scry in a large crystal ball, which made for some of the most memorable visuals of the film, of her looming eerily over the heroes. Unlike Baum’s WWotW, Maguire’s Elphaba retains vision in both eyes, and inherits her film counterpart's scrying abilities (primarily using a blown-glass orb).
-Baum’s WWotW importantly carries an umbrella, not a broomstick, as a source of protection for her aquaphobia. She has no need for transportation, her location is limited to her castle in the West of Oz. MGM’s script, howvever, gave Hamilton’s Witch a means of transportation that had long been popular in witch mythology, a broomstick, involving her more directly in the narrative (as well as giving the Wizard a macguffin to send Dorothy after). Maguire also chose to make a broomstick a means of travel for Elphaba, and Stephen Schwartz's “Defying Gravity”, the centerpiece of the musical, which sees a scene not included in the novel, where Elphaba defiantly flies over the Emerald City in protest of the Wizard, cemented the broom’s icon status within the framework of the Wicked franchise.
-The Flying Monkeys in Baum’s novel have a rich backstory involving their enslavement at the hands of a sorceress named Gaylette. The monkeys’ terms of imprisonment require they obey three commands given by whomever possess a Golden Cap, which the WWotW owns and uses to capture Dorothy and her friends. Dorothy comes into possession of the Golden Cap after WWotW’s demise (similar to her inheriting the slippers) and is able to command the monkeys to her own benefit later in the book. The Golden Cap subplot was scrapped from the MGM film in favor of giving the witch a more ambiguous command over her uniformed simian air force (though it still appears in the final cut as a prop tossed by Hamilton's Witch to Nikko, the flying monkey). Maguire’s Wicked makes no mention of Baum’s golden cap, giving Elphaba a monkey factotum, similar to MGM’s Nikko, now called Chistrey. The monkeys are given a vivisection backstory in Maguire's novel and are a result of the Grimmerie’s levitation spell in the musical, but Elphaba’s willful command of the their legions, without the limitations of the Golden Cap, is much more reminiscent of MGM’s Witch than Baum’s.
-Famously the slippers Dorothy inherits from the WWotE in Baum’s novel are made of silver metal (sterling silver shoes were popular as decorations and sugar bowls in Baum's day). The Slippers in the 1939 film were famously changed to ruby, so as to be more eye-catching against the technicolor yellow road. After some initial designs, MGM designer Adrian landed on the iconic red sequined pump seen in the film. Maguire’s novel, utilizing the film’s sibling backstory to motivate Elphaba, makes the famous pair of slippers into a sentimental pair of shoes adorned with beaded glass, in the musical referred to as "jeweled", which refract multiple colors, notably ruby red. Susan Hilferty’s choice of silver sequined pumps for the musical, given a red special lighting cue at a crucial moment, distinctly resemble Adrian’s 1939 design.
-Dorothy is a young child of roughly seven or eight years old in Baum’s novel and its illustrations. In Maguire’s take on the character she is depicted as a husky teenager prone to cloying musical outbursts. Teenage Judy Garland was famously derided at MGM for her weight, especially filming Oz, with Louis Mayor allegedly calling her his “little hunchback”.
-Animals in Oz in Baum’s text are all Imbued with the power of speech. Toto himself is able to speak in the land of Oz (revealed in the fifth Baum book), as well as a myriad animals from our world who travel to the Land of Oz, who all gain sentience upon entering the fairy land. In the 1939 film, the Lion is the only animal that appears capable of speech, while other animals that appear, like Toto, birds, horses, cats and monkeys, are all incapable of human vocal communication. Maguire’s text relies heavily on the implication only some Animals (signified by capitalization of the word) in Oz can talk, their subjugation by the Wizard playing huge role in the plot of both Maguire’s book and the musical adaption.
-But what I find most telling is that none of the witches in Baum’s novel directly interact with one another (later novels in the Oz series withstanding). The famous confrontation between the two witches in Munchkinland was entirely a fabrication of the 1939 film’s screenwriters. The musical’s entire premise, and a large portion of the novel’s, relies on the idea that these two opposing witches shared some past which informs their conflict in that scene, but that moment is solely a product of the 1939 film.
---
I think the way Maguire skirted copyright is incredibly clever and certainly well within fair-use (and probably long past any statute-of-limitations for any kind of damages sought by WB), but I find it wild that such a popular franchise as Wicked has basically used legal gray areas to bring a rainbow of color to Oz, all while claiming use of public domain versions of characters, and clearly mining the trademarked versions of those characters for most of their inspiration.
***Edit for clarity: A prequel is “a literary, dramatic or cinematic work whose story precedes that of a previous work, by focusing on events that occur before the original narrative”. It is just a word to describe the type of narrative Wicked and Oz the Great and Powerful are. Just like Journey Back to Oz and Return to Oz are “sequels” made by different production companies. It in no way connotes an “official” connection between legally distinct IPs. It is just a way to describe the function of the narrative.

TL;DR Wicked does not function as a prequel to the book by L. Frank Baum, but only serves as a prequel to the 1939 film, starring Judy Garland. This is evident because the Witch in Baum's book isn't green, doesn't ride a broom, only has one eye, no sister, and never interacts with Glinda (who is an amalgamation of two separate characters).
submitted by blistboy to wizardofoz [link] [comments]


2024.04.29 06:56 blistboy Wicked is a ONLY a prequel to the 1939 film (**not Baum's book**)

*Note: I am not a copyright lawyer, I'm not any kind of lawyer, nor am I making an accusation that anyone or any entity is infringing on the copyright or trademark of any other entities. That being said…
I have a theory that Wicked -- both Maguire's novel (Wicked: the Life and Times of the Wicked Witch of the West, 1995) and more so the musical (Wicked, 2003 Universal Stage Productions) -- solely functions as a prequel to the 1939 MGM film the Wizard of Oz (now owned by WB), and not that film's public domain source novel the Wonderful Wizard of Oz by L. Frank Baum. Let me explain...
Maguire wrote Wicked in 1994 in response to the Gulf War. His clever use of Oz characters passed scrutiny during publication in 1995 under parody and fair use laws, and because the Baum novel had long been in the public domain… as well as Ted Turner arranging to sell the MGM catalog to WB, circa 1997, making the timing ideal for Maguire's novel to skirt any copyright/trademark scrutiny for using elements from the non-public domain film.
We know what happened next, the book was a raging success and soon it was popular enough to be optioned by Universal and turned into a stage musical produced (after film & TV productions with Demi Moore and Salma Hayek separately attached failed to materialize). The musical opened first in San Francisco for try-outs and then Broadway in 2003. And writers Stephen Schwartz and Winnie Holzman liberally peppered even more direct homages and winks to the 1939 film into leitmotifs and other elements of the book, score, and staging.
But, Wicked has TOO many elements from the 1939 film, and NOT ENOUGH from Baum's original book, to merit it being called a prequel to the book (this is also true of Disney’s 2013 admitted attempt to cash-in on Wicked’s success, Oz: the Great and Powerful – which is even more egregious than Wicked, and ironic, as its own title is directly lifted from the 1939 film misquote of the book’s moniker of “Oz the Great and Terrible”).
---
So now, let's look at some of key differences between the book the Wonderful Wizard of Oz (WWoOZ) and its film adaption from 1939, and how Wicked (and that Disney rip-off - though I don’t want to have to keep mentioning that movie so just assume most of what I say applies there too) reinterprets these events and characters:
- In the book WWoOz it is established that there are four cardinal witches in the land of Oz. Dorothy vanquishes two unrelated Wicked Witches in the East (WWotE) and West (WWotW) as well as encountering the benevolent unnamed good witch of the North at the start of her adventure and a separate good witch, Glinda of the South, who helps her home in the end. MGM condensed the good witches into one character “Glinda the Good Witch of the North” as well as adding a subplot turning the Wicked Witches into sisters (providing Margaret Hamilton’s Witch more direct motivation to pursue Judy Garland’s Dorothy via the Witch’s presumed right to collateral inheritance of her sister’s shoes). Both Maguire and Disney follow the 1939 film’s continuity regarding these relationships making the wicked witches siblings, and Glinda the sole “good witch” in opposition to them.
-WWotW as depicted in Baum’s novel bears little to no resemblance to the green-skinned Margaret Hamilton in the 1939 film, and subsequently Maguire’s Elphaba. Oz illustrator W. W. Denslow, whom Baum worked closely with when designing the characters, depicts the witch as a hunched old hag with three pigtails and an eyepatch, tall brimmed hat, ruffed collar, coat and skirt. While MGM’s design team, led by legendary costumer Adrian, initially tested several looks for WWotW (including a glamorous sequined look inspired by Disney’s Evil Queen in Snow White). MGM screenwriter, Herman Mankiewicz (who expanded the role of the wicked witch from book to screenplay, and wrote several key lines for her including, “I’ll get you my pretty!”) insisted "witches should be ugly!" And Margaret Hamilton’s Witch was given green skin to broadcast her “wickedness” as well as make her face and hands stand-out against her black medieval gown, cloak and sharp brimmed hat. Needless to say this film only element of green-skin becomes a major plot point of Wicked. And Susan Hilferty’s stage designs for Elphaba retain the 1939 film’s silhouette and dark color palette.
-Another difference in Baum’s WWotW is that she only had one eye, but that it "was as powerful as a telescope", and this is how she spies on her enemies. MGM was again inspired by Snow White's Queen, and popular imagery of fortune tellers, giving Hamilton’s Witch the ability to scry in a large crystal ball, which made for some of the most memorable visuals of the film, of her looming eerily over the heroes. Unlike Baum’s WWotW, Maguire’s Elphaba retains vision in both eyes, and inherits her film counterpart's scrying abilities (primarily using a blown-glass orb).
-Baum’s WWotW importantly carries an umbrella, not a broomstick, as a source of protection for her aquaphobia. She has no need for transportation, her location is limited to her castle in the West of Oz. MGM’s script, howvever, gave Hamilton’s Witch a means of transportation that had long been popular in witch mythology, a broomstick, involving her more directly in the narrative (as well as giving the Wizard a macguffin to send Dorothy after). Maguire also chose to make a broomstick a means of travel for Elphaba, and Stephen Schwartz's “Defying Gravity”, the centerpiece of the musical, which sees a scene not included in the novel, where Elphaba defiantly flies over the Emerald City in protest of the Wizard, cemented the broom’s icon status within the framework of the Wicked franchise.
-The Flying Monkeys in Baum’s novel have a rich backstory involving their enslavement at the hands of a sorceress named Gaylette. The monkeys’ terms of imprisonment require they obey three commands given by whomever possess a Golden Cap, which the WWotW owns and uses to capture Dorothy and her friends. Dorothy comes into possession of the Golden Cap after WWotW’s demise (similar to her inheriting the slippers) and is able to command the monkeys to her own benefit later in the book. The Golden Cap subplot was scrapped from the MGM film in favor of giving the witch a more ambiguous command over her uniformed simian air force (though it still appears in the final cut as a prop tossed by Hamilton's Witch to Nikko, the flying monkey). Maguire’s Wicked makes no mention of Baum’s golden cap, giving Elphaba a monkey factotum, similar to MGM’s Nikko, now called Chistrey. The monkeys are given a vivisection backstory in Maguire's novel and are a result of the Grimmerie’s levitation spell in the musical, but Elphaba’s willful command of the their legions, without the limitations of the Golden Cap, is much more reminiscent of MGM’s Witch than Baum’s.
-Famously the slippers Dorothy inherits from the WWotE in Baum’s novel are made of silver metal (sterling silver shoes were popular as decorations and sugar bowls in Baum's day). The Slippers in the 1939 film were famously changed to ruby, so as to be more eye-catching against the technicolor yellow road. After some initial designs, MGM designer Adrian landed on the iconic red sequined pump seen in the film. Maguire’s novel, utilizing the film’s sibling backstory to motivate Elphaba, makes the famous pair of slippers into a sentimental pair of shoes adorned with beaded glass, in the musical referred to as "jeweled", which refract multiple colors, notably ruby red. Susan Hilferty’s choice of silver sequined pumps for the musical, given a red special lighting cue at a crucial moment, distinctly resemble Adrian’s 1939 design.
-Dorothy is a young child of roughly seven or eight years old in Baum’s novel and its illustrations. In Maguire’s take on the character she is depicted as a husky teenager prone to cloying musical outbursts. Teenage Judy Garland was famously derided at MGM for her weight, especially filming Oz, with Louis Mayor allegedly calling her his “little hunchback”.
-Animals in Oz in Baum’s text are all Imbued with the power of speech. Toto himself is able to speak in the land of Oz (revealed in the fifth Baum book), as well as a myriad animals from our world who travel to the Land of Oz, who all gain sentience upon entering the fairy land. In the 1939 film, the Lion is the only animal that appears capable of speech, while other animals that appear, like Toto, birds, horses, cats and monkeys, are all incapable of human vocal communication. Maguire’s text relies heavily on the implication only some Animals (signified by capitalization of the word) in Oz can talk, their subjugation by the Wizard playing huge role in the plot of both Maguire’s book and the musical adaption.
-But what I find most telling is that none of the witches in Baum’s novel directly interact with one another (later novels in the Oz series withstanding). The famous confrontation between the two witches in Munchkinland was entirely a fabrication of the 1939 film’s screenwriters. The musical’s entire premise, and a large portion of the novel’s, relies on the idea that these two opposing witches shared some past which informs their conflict in that scene, but that moment is solely a product of the 1939 film.
---
I think the way Maguire skirted copyright is incredibly clever and certainly well within fair-use (and probably long past any statute-of-limitations for any kind of damages sought by WB), but I find it wild that such a popular franchise as Wicked has basically used legal gray areas to bring a rainbow of color to Oz, all while claiming use of public domain versions of characters, and clearly mining the trademarked versions of those characters for most of their inspiration.
***Edit for clarity: A prequel is “a literary, dramatic or cinematic work whose story precedes that of a previous work, by focusing on events that occur before the original narrative”. It is just a word to describe the type of narrative Wicked and Oz the Great and Powerful are. Just like Journey Back to Oz and Return to Oz are “sequels” made by different production companies. It in no way connotes an “official” connection between legally distinct IPs. It is just a way to describe the function of the narrative.

TL;DR Wicked does not function as a prequel to the book by L. Frank Baum, but only serves as a prequel to the 1939 film, starring Judy Garland. This is evident because the Witch in Baum's book isn't green, doesn't ride a broom, only has one eye, no sister, and never interacts with Glinda (who is an amalgamation of two separate characters).
submitted by blistboy to wicked [link] [comments]


2024.04.28 00:24 Leather_Focus_6535 The currently 73 inmates executed by Alabama and their crimes since the 1970s (warning, graphic content, please read at your own risk)

Here is the list of the currently 73 inmates executed by the state of Alabama that I wrote for my post Furman death penalty project. Alabama has set plans to carry out additional executions in the next few months, and this list might be reposted with the updated information if they happen as scheduled.
Something that should also be clarified is the dates given here are an approximate timeline of their earliest known criminal activities to their executions rather then time spent on death row. Many of the cases here are quite graphic by nature, and I don't shy away from it in my descriptions. Please read at your own risk.
The states I have left are Georgia, Florida, Missouri, Virginia, Oklahoma, and the still in progress Texas. I'll probably post my list for Georgia next whenever I have time next week.
The currently executed 73 offenders:
1. John Evans III (~1976+-1983, electric chair): A year after Evans was paroled, he and another ex convict, Wayne Ritter, went on a two month long crime spree that involved 30 armed robberies, 9 kidnappings, and 2 extortion incidents. Their rampage ended when they shot dead 34 year old Edward Nassar in front of his daughters while robbing his pawn shop. Evans' execution was controversial, as it took 24 minutes and three pulls of the switch to electrocute him. Any information on his crimes before his 1977 spree is unavailable to me.
2. Arthur Jones (1981-1986, electric chair): Jones gunned down Vaughn Thompson, a 21 year old storekeeper, and William Waymon, a 72 year old cab driver, in two robberies.
3. Wayne Ritter (1976-1986, electric chair): Ritter was the accomplice of the above mentioned John Evans. After being released from prison, he assisted him in several robberies, abductions, and the murder of Edward Nassar. Like Evans, Ritter's earlier criminal history wasn't disclosed in the sources on hand.
4. Michael Lindsey (1981-1989, electric chair): Lindsey broke in the home of 64 year old Rosemary Rutland. After tying her up, he shot and stabbed Rutland to death, and stole her Christmas presents.
5. Horace Dunkins Jr. (1980-1989, electric chair): Dunkins abducted 26 year old Lynn McCurry, bound her to a tree, and raped her. He stabbed McCurry 66 times, and left her body on the tree she was tied to. His execution was a source of controversy, as Dunkins was allegedly cognitively disabled.
6. Herbert Richardson (1977-1989, electric chair): Richardson threw a pipe bomb into the home of one of his ex girlfriend's family members in retaliation for her breaking up with him. Her niece, 11 year old Rena Callins, was killed in the attack.
7. Arthur Julius (1972-1989, electric chair): In 1972, Julius beat his boss, 74 year old Herbert Chisenhall, to death during an argument over his wages. He was given a life sentence, but was able to leave custody in 1978 on a one day release. Julius took advantage of his leave to rape his cousin, 29 year old Susie Sanders, in her home. She was strangled to death during the assault.
8. Wallace Thomas (1976-1990, electric chair): Thomas and a partner abducted 21 year old Quenette Shehane from a convenience store. She was raped, robbed, and shot to death.
9. Larry Heath (1981-1992, electric chair): Out of a desire to marry another woman, Heath orchestrated the kidnapping of his 21 year old wife Rebecca (who was 9 months pregnant with their child) with the help of some men he hired. She was abducted from their home and shot in the head.
10. Cornelius Singleton (~1972-1992, electric chair): Singleton was condemned for the robbery of a Catholic monastery that ended with the fatal strangulation of a nun, 51 year old Ann Hogan. His execution was hotly contested by his lawyers and supporters, who have alleged misconduct in the trial and investigation. Despite the controversy, Hogan's stolen watch was found in Singleton's possession. Singleton was previously convicted for a 1972 incident involving arson and burglary.
11. Willie Clisby Jr. (1979-1995, electric chair): Clisby broke into the home of 58 year old Fletcher Handley, beat him to death with an ax handle, and left with $80 in hand.
12. Varnell Weeks (1981-1995, electric chair): Weeks abducted and carjacked 24 year old Mark Batts. He bound Batts, placed a pillowcase on his head, and shot him through it. While driving Batts' stolen car in Ohio, he was flagged down by police officers, and Weeks fired on them in the confrontation. In the shootout, Weeks was captured without any causalities to the responding officers. His execution was controversial, as his lawyers claimed that he was a paranoid schizophrenic.
13. Edward Horsley Jr. (~1976-1996, electric chair): After escaping from prison with Brian Baldwin, Horsley abducted 16 year old Naomi Rolon while she was hitchhiking. Horsley raped and dismembered Rolon with an ax, and ran her body over. Although Horlsey's culpability is an overwhelming certainty, the extent of Baldwin's alleged involvement is a significant source of contention. Horsley was previously convicted of a string of robberies that ended up with a non-fatal shooting of a police officer.
14. Billy Waldrop (1982-1997, electric chair): Waldrop snuck into the home of 72 year old Thurman Donahoo and shot him in the head. He then stole $130 and a 5-carat diamond ring. To destroy any evidence of his crime, Waldrop burned the house down, and fled to California. While in hiding, he was detained by the local law enforcement for a DUI and extradited back to Alabama to face trial.
15. Walter Hill (~1952-1997, electric chair): As a teenager in the early 50s, Hill beat Sam Atmore (age unknown) to death. He was given a 10 year sentence for that murder, and took part in an escape attempt that was temporarily successful because of the watchman's negligence. After his release, Hill became a career criminal and was involved with several abduction robberies, and wound up in a cycle of repeatedly being in and out of prison. During one of his incarcerations, Hill stabbed an unidentified inmate to death, but was cleared of any charges on the grounds of self defense. In 1977, Hill started an illicit "relationship" with a 13 year old girl, and sought the permission of her stepmother, 60 year old Willie Hammock, to marry but she refused. Out of anger, Hill shot Hammock, her 34 year old daughter Lois Tatum, and Lois' 36 year old husband John dead in their home, and abducted the girl and her 16 year old adopted brother. The brother managed to escape, but Hill kidnapped a motorist he encountered in Georgia. The man escaped captivity in North Carolina, and reported Hill and the abducted girl to the local police.
16. Henry Hays (1981-1997, electric chair): Hays was a member of a local Ku Klux Klan chapter, and the son of one of the most prominent KKK leaders in Alabama. In the area, the sentencing of a black man, who was accused of murdering a white policeman, kept on getting delayed due to a string of mistrials. Hays and other members of the KKK chapter interpreted it as a sign that blacks will be able to get away with murdering whites, and sought revenge by lynching a black person at random. The unfortunate victim was 19 year old Michael Donald, who was abducted while walking home from a gas station. Donald was beaten with a tree stump, strangled with a rope, and his throat slit by Hays and his fellow Klansmen. His body was hung on a nearby tree.
17. Steven Thompson (1984-1998, electric chair): Thompson abducted 25 year old Robin Balarzs, a friend's fiancee, from her home. After he tied up and gagged her, Thompson raped Balarz and penetrated her with a knife, shaved her head, and dragged her to death with his car over a distance of 3,000 feet. He stole Balarz's wedding ring and a dollar from her purse, and sexually mutilated her body.
18. Brian Baldwin (~1977-1998, electric chair): Baldwin was the accused accomplice of the above mentioned Edward Horsley, and allegedly helped him with the sex murder of Naomi Rolon after they escaped from prison together. As mentioned in Horsley's section, Baldwin's involvement with Rolon's killing remains hotly contested to this day, and he and his supporters alleged that he was set up by institutionalized racism and tortured into confessing by investigating police officers. He was previously in prison for stealing a car.
19. Victor Kennedy (~1980-1999, electric chair): Kennedy, a career burglar, and an accomplice, Darrell Grayson, broke into the home of 86 year old Annie Orr to search for money. They bound, beat, raped, and suffocated her with a pillow case. When they failed to find any money, Kennedy and Grayson left the residence empty handed.
20. David Duren (1983-2000, electric chair): Duren and an accomplice kidnapped 16 year old Kathleen Bedsole and her date, 17 year old Charles Leonard, and stole $20 that was given to them by Bedsole's father. The couple were tied together, and locked in the trunk for several hours. When Duren stoped his car, he shot both of the teenagers. Bedsole was killed, while Leonard managed to survive and escape.
21. Freddie Wright (1977-2000, electric chair): Wright was convicted of robbing a store owned by couple, 40 year old Warren and 37 year old Lois Green, with 3 other men. The Greens were tied together, dragged into a backroom, and shot to death. Their watches and $900 were stolen in the robbery. His execution was controversial, as his attorneys and supporters push that he was convicted both out of racism and the participants allegedly naming him to avoid death sentences.
22. Robert Tarver Jr. (1984-2000, electric chair): Tarver fatally shot 63 year old Hugh Kite, while he and an accomplice were robbing him outside of his store. Kite was just done closing his store when he was attacked, and had $80 taken from him.
23. Pernell Ford (1983-2000, electric chair): Ford forced himself into the home that 70 year old Willie Griffin shared with her 42 year old daughter Linda. He stabbed both of them to death after a struggle. Several undisclosed items were stolen from the Griffin home, and Ford used their car to flee to Illinois.
24. Lynda Block (1992-2002, electric chair): Block, her common law husband, George Sibley, and her 9 year old son were sitting in car that was parked in a Walmart parking lot. A passerby was concerned by Block's son apparently looking distressed, and reported them to the police. When a police officer, 38 year old Roger Motley, came to question them, Block and Sibley shot him to death. The couple was previously involved in assaulting and stabbing Block's ex husband in a dispute over their home, a crime they were on the run from at the time of Motley's murder.
25. Anthony Johnson (1984-2002, lethal injection): While Johnson and two unidentified men were robbing a jewelry store, they engaged in a gun-battle with the owner, 51 year Kenneth Cattrell, and killed him. Although Johnson's wasn't directly responsible for Cattrell's death and only acted as a lookout, he was the only member of the gang to be captured, and thus bore the brunt of the judicial retributions when he refused to testify against them.
26. Michael Thompson (1984-2003, lethal injection): During a nighttime convenience store robbery, Thompson kidnapped the clerk, 57 year old Maisie Gray. Thompson forced Gray into his car, drove her to a well, and tossed her inside it. He then shot a trapped Gray to death with his married girlfriend holding a torch for him. His girlfriend had a longstanding record for armed robberies, and Thompson's defense tried to use the argument that she goaded him into the killing or did it herself.
27. Gary Brown (1996-2003, lethal injection): Brown and a few other men went to the home of Jack McGraw, a 59 year old Korean War veteran, to "party." On numerous previous occasions, McGraw had paid them for sex acts. They planned on robbing McGraw's house after he passed out drunk, but he refused to drink as he had work the next morning. Undeterred, Brown and his accomplices attacked McGraw, and stabbed him a combined total of 78 times. More specifically, McGraw's back was stabbed 59 times, his throat and neck were slashed 16 times, and he had 3 cut wounds on his head. The group then stole $67 and a VCR set from his home.
28. Thomas Fortenberry (1984-2004, lethal injection): Fortenberry fatally shot four people, 51 year old Wilbur Nelson, 43 year old Robert Payne, Robert's 29 year old wife Nancy, and 21 year old Ronald Guest, while attempting to rob a gas station.
29. James Hubbard (~1957-2004, lethal injection): In 1957, Hubbard shot and killed 28 year old Carl Dockery in what was described as a "domestic disturbance." He was paroled in 1976 with the help of 62 year old Lillian Montgomery, a woman he befriended behind bars. Hubbard repaid the favor by shooting and killing her while robbing a store she owned in the following year. He stole $500 and her diamond watch, and tried to stage Montgomery's death as a suicide despite the fact that he shot her in the face, head, and shoulder.
30. David Hocker (1998-2004, lethal injection): Hocker was living in a motel and didn't have a car at hand. Thus, he asked his boss, 47 year old Jerry Robinson, to drive him around for an errand. When they were in the car together, Hocker stabbed Robinson to death, stole his credit card, and withdrew $400 from it to buy cocaine. Hocker had an extensive criminal history, but the specifics weren't given in my sources.
31. Mario Centobie (1995-2005, lethal injection): Centobie and another prisoner escaped from a Georgia prison during his 40 year sentence for the double kidnappings of his ex wife and son. They fled to Alabama, and were pulled over by local policemen. Centobie opened fire on them and killed Keith Turner, a 29 year old officer, and wounded another. The pair were recaptured in Georgia near the home of Centobie's ex wife. While awaiting trial, Centobie yet again escaped by seducing a guard, but was quickly recaptured.
32. Jerry Henderson (1984-2005, lethal injection): On his sister-in-law's payroll, Henderson lured her husband, 33 year Jerry Haney, outside of his house and shot him dead.
33. George Sibley Jr. (1992-2005, lethal injection): Sibley was the common law husband of the above mentioned Lynda Block, and assisted her in the killing of officer Roger Motley. He also took part in the assault of her ex husband.
34. John Peoples Jr. (1983-2005, lethal injection): Enraged that 34 year old Paul Franklin refused to sell him his car that he coveted, Peoples broke into his home, and beat him to death with a rifle. Peoples stole the car and abducted Paul's wife, 34 year old Judy, and their 10 year old son John. They were also beaten to death with Peoples' rifle.
35. Larry Hutcherson (1992-2006, lethal injection): Hutcherson broke into the home of 89 year old Irma Gray, and slit her throat. He stole her air conditioner and microwave in the robbery.
36. Aaron Jones (1978-2006, lethal injection): After being fired by them, Jones and his partner invaded the home of their former employers, 61 year old Carl and 45 year old Williene Nelson. They shot Carl and Willene dead and chopped their bodies into several pieces. The pair also shot their 3 children, 21 year old Tony, 13 year old Brenda, and 10 year old Charlie, and Carl's mother, 85 year old Annie, but they all managed to survive their injuries.
37. Darrell Grayson (1980-2007, lethal injection): Grayson was the accomplice of the previously mentioned Victor Kennedy, and partook in the rape and murder of Annie Orr and the burglary of her home.
38. Luther Williams (1988-2007, lethal injection): While John Kirk, a 63 year old WW2 veteran, was driving home from work, his truck broke down. He was found and abducted by Williams and 2 other men, and shot to death by them. The trio then stole money from Kirk's body and his truck.
39. James Callahan (1982-2009, lethal injection): Callahan kidnapped 26 year old Becky Howell, while she was walking from a club her fiance was performing to switch laundry that she left at a laundromat. Howell was raped and strangled to death.
40. Danny Bradley (1983-2009, lethal injection): When his wife was hospitalized, Bradley was left to care for his stepdaughter, 12 year old Rhonda Hardin, and his stepson. After he put his stepson to bed, Bradley sodomized Hardin and choked her to death with his bare hands.
41. Jimmy Dill (~1983-2009, lethal injection) Dill shot his dealer, 33 year old Leon Shaw, in the head during a deal gone bad, and stole $200 and a few bags of cocaine. Shaw was left comatose and died of his injuries 9 months later. Dill had an extensive criminal record for theft and drug possession.
42. Willie McNair (1990-2009, lethal injection): McNair and an accomplice went to the home of his occasional employer, 68 year old Ella Riley, to ask for some money. When Riley declined to give them any, McNair tricked her into letting him inside by asking for a drink of water. After walking in, he stabbed Riley in the neck and strangled her to death. The pair then fled with her purse.
43. Jack Trawick (~1972-2009, lethal injection): Trawick was convicted or credibly confessed to a minimum of 3 murders. His verified victims consist of 27 year old Aileen Pruitt, 21 year old Stephanie Gach, and 17 year old Betty Richards. In his known murders, he forcibly abducted his victims from public locations, and raped and tortured them. They were then stabbed and beaten to death with a hammer. Trawick bragged in graphic details about committing other murders on a website made for death row inmates, which he also used to taunt the victims' families. However, investigations into the alleged additional killings brought no results, and are now believed to have been fictionalized by Trawick for clout.
44. Max Payne (1992-2009, lethal injection): Payne robbed a store at gunpoint, and kidnapped the owner, 58 year old Braxton Brown. He took Brown to his sister's house and tried forcing him into giving them money. When his sister objected, Payne dragged Brown to a bridge, shot him in the head, and dumped his body in the nearby creek. A total of $1,085 in cash and many of Brown's belongings were stolen, which included bank deposit checks, rings, cigarettes, food stamps, and a handgun.
45. Thomas Whisenhant (~1963-2010, lethal injection): At the age of 16, Whisenhant fatally shot 72 year old Lexie Haynes in one incident and robbed an unidentified blind woman in another. For uknown reasons, the charges were dropped against him, and he was able to join the air force. A few years later, he assaulted Rose Covington, a 22 year old WAF servicewoman, with an ashtray, and was discharged and sentenced to 20 years of hard labor for the attack. Whisenhant was granted parole in 1972. Another couple years later, he went on a crime spree, and abducted 3 women that worked in convenience stores he robbed. His victims, 44 year old Venora Hyatt, 28 year old Patricia Hitt, and 23 year old Cheryl Payton, were all raped and shot in the head.
46. John Parker (1988-2010, lethal injection): Parker and his accomplice Kenneth Smith was hired to kill 42 year old Elizabeth Sennett, by her husband, who wanted to use her life insurance policy to fund his ministering. Her husband was also Parker's landlord. The pair tricked Sennett into letting them inside the house by pretending to be hunters inquiring about for a hunting spot, and stabbed her to death. Sennett's husband then gave Parker and Smith their stereo and video cassette recorders to make it look like a robbery.
47. Michael Land (~1990-2010, lethal injection): Land kidnapped 30 year old Candace Brown from her apartment after he cut her telephone line. He raped Brown, shot her in the head, and stole her purse. Land had prior convictions of burglaries and receiving stolen goods, and previously met Brown in prison when she ministered to him.
48. Holly Wood (~1981-2010, lethal injection): In 1994, Wood shot his ex girlfriend, 34 year old Ruby Gosha, at point blank range in front of her children at her mother's home. He had also (non-fatally) shot another ex girlfriend from outside her bedroom window several years before Gosha's murder. His criminal history was extensive, and had 18 different felonies on his record. Some of the charges pertained to incidents of assault.
49. Phillip Hallford (~1978-2010, lethal injection): Hallford was jealousy enraged that his 15 year old daughter, whom he had been sexually abusing since she was 7, was dating 16 year old Charles Shannon. He forced her to lure Shannon to a bridge, gunned him down, and stole his wallet. With the coerced help of his stepson, Hallford dumped Shannon's body into a river. As a memento, Hallford forced his daughter to wear a necklace with the shell casing used in the murder.
50. Leroy White (1988-2011, lethal injection): White shot his estranged wife, 35 year old Ruby, dead while she was visiting her sister out of anger at their upcoming divorce. Ruby's sister was wounded in the shooting. White had also previously shot and injured Ruby's leg during an argument.
51. William Boyd (1986-2011, lethal injection): Boyd and a partner broke into the home of married couple, 76 year old Fred and 41 year old Evelyn Blackmon, and duped them into thinking that Evelyn's daughter (whom Boyd previously dated against her mother's wishes) was kidnapped. They made the couple believe that they had to pay a $3,000 ransom for her safe return. The couple were then both tied up, forcibly separated into their captors' cars, and beaten and shot to death.
52. Jason Williams (1992-2011, lethal injection): Under the influence of cocaine, Williams shot his roommate, 46 year old Gerald Paravicini dead in the trailer they shared. William then walked over to his neighbors, the Barber family (consisting of parents, 50 year old Freddie and 45 year old Linda, and their sons, 22 year old Bryan and 16 year old Brad) and intruded into their home. He shot and killed Freddie, Linda, and Bryan, and wounded Brad. Cash and credit cards were taken and Williams fled in the family van.
53. Eddie Powell III (~1990s-2011, lethal injection): Powell broke into the home of 70 year old Mattie Wesson, and repeatedly sexually assaulted her. Wesson was beaten and shot in the attack, but she managed to drag herself to a neighbor's house for help before she succumbed to her injuries. Powell had several previous convictions for burglary, theft, and assault.
54. Derrick Mason (1994-2011, lethal injection): Mason held up a convenience store, and forced the clerk, 25 year old Angela Cagle to turn off the cameras and undress. However, he shot Cagle in the head before any assault could occur. He then tried to open the register, but ran off when he failed to open it.
55. Christopher Johnson (2005-2011, lethal injection): To avoid paying child support and to spite his estranged wife, Johnson smothered his 6 month old son Eilas with his fingers, and struck him in the head.
56. Andrew Lackey (2005-2013, lethal injection): After being told about the existence of a vault inside the home of Charles Newman, a 80 year old WW2 veteran, by Newman's grandson, Lackey decided to steal it from him. He invaded Newman's house, and shot and stabbed him 70 times in the ensuring confrontation. Despite Lackey waiving his appeals and actively petitioning for his own execution, his death sentence attracted controversy due to him being diagnosed with Asperger's.
57. Christopher Brooks (1992-2016, lethal injection): Brooks snuck into the apartment of 23 year old Jo Campbell. He sexually assaulted Campbell in her bedroom, and bludgeoned her to death with a barbell. Several items, including a credit card, were stolen from the scene.
58. Ronald Smith Jr. (1994-2016, lethal injection): Smith and some accomplices robbed a convenience store, and fatally shot the clerk, 26 year old Casey Wilson. According to Smith's attorneys, Smith and Wilson were allegedly involved in a love triangle with a local stripper. If such accounts are to be believed, he shot him dead in a dispute over her, and Smith staged it as a robbery to avoid embarrassing his parents. However, the stripper strongly denied having any connections with both men. His execution sparked controversy, as witnesses reported him coughing and heaving for 13 minutes during it.
59. Thomas Arthur (1982-2017, lethal injection): Arthur's married girlfriend hired him to kill her husband, 35 year old Troy Wicker, for his insurance policy. He gunned down Wicker while he was sleeping in his bedroom. To mislead investigators, Wicker's wife claimed that an intruder broke into her home, shot her husband dead, and raped her.
60. Robert Melson (1994-2017, lethal injection): Melson and his partner held up a Popeyes store at gunpoint. They rounded up the employees, 23 year old Darrell Collier, 18 year old Tamika Collins, 17 year old Nathaniel Baker, and 17 year Bryant Archer, into a freezer, and shot them. Archer was the sole survivor, and identified Melson's accomplice, a former employee, to the police. Although Melson's accomplice was initially given a life sentence due to him being a minor at the time, he was later also sentenced to death for killing a cellmate, and is currently awaiting execution.
61. Torrey McNabb (1997-2017, lethal injection): McNabb skipped bail when he was facing charges for receiving stolen property and drug possession. He was tracked down by a bondsman sent to bring him back to court, but he shot at him when he appeared at his doorsteps. The bondsman then called the police for support. One of the responding officers, 30 year old Anderson Gordon, was killed in the standoff with McNabb.
62. Michael Eggers (2000-2018, lethal injection): Eggers and his ex employer, 67 year old Bennie Murray, were in talks about him returning to his former job at her carnival. While Murray was driving Eggers and his 15 year old son, they got into an argument. During the fight, Murray slapped Eggers, which enraged him. He beat and choked her with his hands until she went unconscious, and tossed Murray out of her car. Eggers continued to beat and kick Murray, and crushed her throat with a tree branch. After she was killed, Eggers stole money from Murray's purse, and drove away in her car.
63. Walter Moody (~1972-2018, lethal injection): In 1972, Moody was building a bomb to kill an auto dealer that repossessed his car. However, the bomb exploded prematurely, and critically injured Moody's then wife instead. Although Moody was cleared of charges relating to the construction of the bomb, he was still convicted of it being in his possession. His appeals were thrown away, which gave him a resentment against the justice system. After Moody was released from prison, he murdered a federal judge, 58 year old Robert Vance, and a civil rights attorney, 42 year old Robbie Robinson, and injured Vance's wife, in two separate bombings. To disguise his attacks, Moody sent bombs and hate letters to various NAACP targets.
64. Domineque Ray (1992-2019, lethal injection): Ray shot and killed two brothers, 18 year old Ernest and 13 year old Reinhard Mabins, for refusing to join his gang. In the following year, Ray and his gang members kidnapped 15 year old Tiffany Harville from her home and raped her. Her throat was slit and she was dumped in a remote cotton field.
65. Michael Samra (1997-2019, lethal injection): During an argument over a pick up truck, Samra and his teenage friend shot and killed his friend's father, 39 year old Randy Duke, and step mother, 29 year old Dedra Hunt. The pair also slit the throats of Dedra's two children, 7 year old Chelsea and 6 year old Chelisa.
66. Christopher Price (~1990-2019, lethal injection): Price invaded the home of Bill Lynn, a 57 year old pastor, while he was busy wrapping Christmas presents for his grandchildren. He stabbed Bill 30 times with a sword and injured his wife Bessie when they confronted him. Despite being only 19 at the time, Price had an extensive criminal history that involved trespassing, auto theft, and "criminal mischief."
67. Nathaniel Woods (~2004-2020, lethal injection): A squad of 4 police officers, 58 year old Carlos Owen, 40 year old Harley Chisholm III, 37 year old Michael Collins, and 33 year old Charles Bennett, were searching a drug house that Woods, a long time dealer, had been operating in. As they were arresting Woods, one of his associates opened fire on them and killed Chisholm, Bennett, and Owen. Collins was wounded, but managed to flee to safety. Wood's execution was extremely controversial, as he wasn't the triggerman in the shootings. His supporters and the shooter himself claimed that he was an entirely innocent party, while the prosecutors pushed that he deliberately lured the officers to their deaths.
68. Willie Smith III (1991-2021, lethal injection): Smith kidnapped 22 year old Sharma Johnson at gunpoint near a bank, and forced her to withdraw $80 from an ATM machine. He locked Johnson in the trunk of her own car, and shot her dead while she was trapped in it. The car was then burned to destroy the evidence.
69. Matthew Reeves (1996-2022, lethal injection): Reeves and two other men pretended to be hitchhikers on a remote highway as a ruse to lure motorists. The target they ensnared was 38 year old Willie Johnson Jr. They robbed Johnson of $360 when he stopped to pick them up, and Reeves shot him to death with a shotgun. Reeves then attended a party reportedly still covered with Johnson's blood, and celebrated by pretending to pump the gun and mockingly mimicked his death throes to the other guests.
70. Joe James Jr. (1993-2022, lethal injection): James tracked down his ex girlfriend, 26 year old Faith Hill, at her friend's apartment. She was in the company of her children, her friend, and her friend's children. The friend shielded the children from James with her body, while Hill tried desperately to calm him down. Despite her efforts, she was shot dead. His execution sparked controversy for it taking over 3 hours to complete, and caused the state of Alabama to delay executions until 2023. James was previously arrested and reported several times for harassing Hill's family, which included an incident of him burglarizing her grandmother's home.
71. James Barber (2001-2023, lethal injection): Barber assaulted 75 year old Dorothy Epps, who was both his ex girlfriend's mother and a former employer, with a claw hammer in her home. Despite her efforts at fighting him off, Epps was beaten to death, and Barber stole her purse.
72. Casey McWhorter (1993-2023, lethal injection): McWhorter conspired with a 15 year old friend and a 16 year old friend to kill 34 year old Edward Williams, the father of the 15 year old. The group tried to force Williams to had over a safe, but he tried to fight back. They shot him a total of 11 times with a .22 rifle equipped with a makeshift silencer in his home and took his truck, wallet, and an undisclosed amount of money. The stolen truck was destroyed in order to sell the parts for scrap metal.
73. Kenneth Smith (1988-2024, nitrogen hypoxia): Smith assisted John Parker in the contract killing of Elizabeth Sennett on the behalf of her husband. His case attracted controversy when he survived a botched execution in 2022, and received international attention for being the first inmate in history to be executed with the controversially experimental nitrogen hypoxia method.
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2024.04.24 09:59 OnARoadLessTaken US Supreme Court Suggests Some Judicial Review for Visa Denials

US Supreme Court Suggests Some Judicial Review for Visa Denials
Department of State v. Munoz (arguments held on April 23, 2024)
Facts of the case (from https://www.oyez.org/cases/2023/23-334):
Sandra Muñoz, a U.S. citizen, married Luis Asencio-Cordero, an El Salvadoran citizen, in 2010. They have a U.S. citizen child. Asencio-Cordero, who arrived in the U.S. in 2005 and has multiple tattoos, applied for an immigrant visa after Muñoz filed an approved immigrant-relative petition and waiver for his inadmissibility. In 2015, he returned to El Salvador for his visa interview, denying any gang affiliations. However, in December 2015, the U.S. Consulate denied his visa under 8 U.S.C. § 1182(a)(3)(A)(ii), suggesting his potential involvement in unlawful activities. Muñoz sought intervention from Congresswoman Judy Chu, but the State Department upheld the decision. A declaration from a gang expert, Humberto Guizar, stated that Asencio-Cordero’s tattoos were not gang-related. Despite this and further appeals, including to the State Department's Office of Inspector General, the decision remained unchanged, with authorities confirming the inadmissibility and indicating no grounds for appeal.
Following the government’s denial of Asencio-Cordero’s immigrant visa application, the plaintiffs sought judicial review, arguing that the statute was unconstitutionally vague. The district court granted summary judgment to the defendants, invoking the doctrine of consular nonreviewability to prevent judicial scrutiny of the visa decision. However, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit found that the government failed to provide the constitutionally required notice within a reasonable time after the visa application was denied. As a result, the appellate court determined that the government was not entitled to summary judgment based on the doctrine of consular nonreviewability and vacated the district court's decision.
Question:
Does the denial of a visa to the non-citizen spouse of a U.S. citizen infringe on a constitutionally protected interest of the citizen and, if so, did the government properly justify that decision in this case?
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2024.04.24 09:57 OnARoadLessTaken US Supreme Court Suggests Some Judicial Review for Visa Denials

For those following this current U.S. Supreme Court case - Department of State v. Munoz. https://www.oyez.org/cases/2023/23-334
Facts of the case (from oyez.org): “Sandra Muñoz, a U.S. citizen, married Luis Asencio-Cordero, an El Salvadoran citizen, in 2010. They have a U.S. citizen child. Asencio-Cordero, who arrived in the U.S. in 2005 and has multiple tattoos, applied for an immigrant visa after Muñoz filed an approved immigrant-relative petition and waiver for his inadmissibility. In 2015, he returned to El Salvador for his visa interview, denying any gang affiliations. However, in December 2015, the U.S. Consulate denied his visa under 8 U.S.C. § 1182(a)(3)(A)(ii), suggesting his potential involvement in unlawful activities. Muñoz sought intervention from Congresswoman Judy Chu, but the State Department upheld the decision. A declaration from a gang expert, Humberto Guizar, stated that Asencio-Cordero’s tattoos were not gang-related. Despite this and further appeals, including to the State Department's Office of Inspector General, the decision remained unchanged, with authorities confirming the inadmissibility and indicating no grounds for appeal.
Following the government’s denial of Asencio-Cordero’s immigrant visa application, the plaintiffs sought judicial review, arguing that the statute was unconstitutionally vague. The district court granted summary judgment to the defendants, invoking the doctrine of consular nonreviewability to prevent judicial scrutiny of the visa decision. However, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit found that the government failed to provide the constitutionally required notice within a reasonable time after the visa application was denied. As a result, the appellate court determined that the government was not entitled to summary judgment based on the doctrine of consular nonreviewability and vacated the district court's decision.”
Question before the Court: “Does the denial of a visa to the non-citizen spouse of a U.S. citizen infringe on a constitutionally protected interest of the citizen and, if so, did the government properly justify that decision in this case?”
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2024.04.18 13:16 Jeremycasper2000 Onyx Boox note air 3c article mode not working

Onyx Boox note air 3c article mode not working
Hi all,
Whenever i select the 4 column screen split in article mode it seems to work fine, but whenever i try to split my screen vertically down the middle it doesn’t seem to do anything. Can anyone help me? I’ll include some pictures of the issue. Isn’t it suppossed to treat each halve as a page now and kind of zoom in on it?
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2024.04.10 10:29 CP4-Throwaway A rough estimate of celebs that may seem more S, Cusp, or BB from Famous Birthdays, for celebrities b. from roughly circa 1939-1948; a.k.a. the Activist microgeneration (give or take)

Just for context, in this specific post:
S = Silent Gen
Cusp = Cusp
BB = Baby Boomer
Since I did one for the other generational divides, I might as well also do one for the Silent/Boomer divide.
I will exclude the 1946-1948 list because that'd be way too long. I'll add them in the comment sections. So in this post, I'll focus on the celebrities born from 1939-1945, a.k.a. "War Babies" (give or take 1939).
I know the vast majority of this sub will disagree but I'll post it anyway.
This is based on the vibes and/or appearance of the celebrity so please don't take this too seriously as this may or may not be accurate, depending on one's view of Silents and Boomers.
This is based on my current perception of these celebrities.
WARNING: THIS POST WILL BE SUPER LONG!!! DISCRETION ADVISED!!!!!! 

1939

https://www.famousbirthdays.com/yea1939.html
  1. Tina Turner (1939-2023), Rock Singer - Cusp
  2. Marvin Gaye (1939-1984), Soul Singer - S
  3. Ian McKellen, 84, Movie Actor - S
  4. Ralph Lauren, 84, Fashion Designer - S
  5. Lily Tomlin, 84, TV Actress - S
  6. Abraham Quintanilla Jr., 85, Family Member - S
  7. Maury Povich, 85, TV Show Host - Cusp
  8. Francis Ford Coppola, 85, Director - S
  9. Claudette Colvin, 84, Civil Rights Leader - S
  10. John Cleese, 84, Movie Actor - S
  11. Wes Craven (1939-2015), Director - Cusp
  12. Brian Mulroney (1939-2024), Politician - S
  13. Chandra Bahadur Dangi (1939-2015) - S
  14. Carolina Herrera, 85, Fashion Designer - S
  15. Christopher Miles, 84, Director - S
  16. Neil Sedaka, 85, Pop Singer - S
  17. Gary Paulsen (1939-2021), Young Adult Author - S
  18. Paul Hogan, 84, Movie Actor - S
  19. Dusty Springfield (1939-1999), Pop Singer - Cusp
  20. F. Murray Abraham, 84, Movie Actor - S
  21. Michael Cimino (1939-2016), Director - Cusp
  22. Carmen Salinas (1939-2021), Soap Opera Actress - S
  23. Harvey Keitel, 84, Movie Actor - BB
  24. Karel Gott (1939-2019), Pop Singer - S
  25. Margaret Atwood, 84, Poet - S
  26. Frankie Avalon, 84, Pop Singer - S
  27. George Hamilton, 84, Movie Actor - S
  28. Don Williams (1939-2017), Country Singer - S
  29. Sal Mineo (1939-1976), Movie Actor - S
  30. Ali MacGraw, 85, Movie Actress - BB
  31. John Amos, 84, TV Actor - S
  32. Mark Margolis (1939-2023), TV Actor - S
  33. Grace Slick, 84, Pop Singer - BB
  34. Kathleen Widdoes, 85, Soap Opera Actress - S
  35. Loretta Stamos (1939-2014), Model - S
  36. Lee Majors, 84, TV Actor - S
  37. Mike Ditka, 84, Football Coach - S
  38. Ali Khamenei, 84, World Leader - S
  39. Richard Serra, 84, Sculptor - S
  40. James Fox, 84, Movie Actor - S
  41. Lynda Baron (1939-2022), TV Actress - Cusp
  42. David Allan Coe, 84, Country Singer - S
  43. Tony Roberts, 84, Movie Actor - S
  44. Terence Hill, 85, Movie Actor - S
  45. R Budd Dwyer (1939-1987), Politician - S
  46. Feroz Khan (1939-2009), Movie Actor - Cusp
  47. Seamus Heaney (1939-2013), Novelist - S
  48. George Lazenby, 84, Movie Actor - S

1940

https://www.famousbirthdays.com/yea1940.html
  1. Pelé (1940-2022), Soccer Player - S
  2. John Lennon (1940-1980), Rock Singer - Cusp
  3. Bruce Lee (1940-1973), Movie Actor - Cusp
  4. Chuck Norris, 84, TV Actor - S
  5. Al Pacino, 83, Movie Actor - BB
  6. Ringo Starr, 83, Drummer - BB
  7. Tom Jones, 83, Pop Singer - Cusp
  8. Michael Gambon (1940-2023), Movie Actor - S
  9. Alex Trebek (1940-2020), Game Show Host - Cusp
  10. Vicente Fernández (1940-2021), World Music Singer - S
  11. Nancy Pelosi, 84, Politician - S
  12. Patrick Stewart, 83, TV Actor - S
  13. Dionne Warwick, 83, Pop Singer - S
  14. Smokey Robinson, 84, R&B Singer - BB
  15. Nancy Sinatra, 83, Country Singer - S
  16. James Caan (1940-2022), Movie Actor - S
  17. John Lewis (1940-2020), Politician - S
  18. Wilma Rudolph (1940-1994), Runner - BB
  19. Raquel Welch (1940-2023), Movie Actress - S
  20. Stuart Sutcliffe (1940-1962), Guitarist - BB
  21. Cliff Richard, 83, Pop Singer - S
  22. Raul Julia (1940-1994), Movie Actor - Cusp
  23. Queen Margrethe II, 83, Queen - S
  24. Richard Pryor (1940-2005), Comedian - S
  25. Maree Cheatham, 83, TV Actress - Cusp
  26. Ricky Nelson (1940-1985), Pop Singer - S
  27. John Hurt (1940-2017), Movie Actor - S
  28. Martin Sheen, 83, Movie Actor - Cusp
  29. Prue Leith, 84, TV Show Host - BB
  30. Adel Emam, 83, Movie Actor - S
  31. Frank Zappa (1940-1993), Guitarist - BB
  32. David Jason, 84, TV Actor - S
  33. Don Francisco, 83, TV Show Host - S
  34. Anthony Fauci, 83, Doctor - S
  35. Lainie Kazan, 83, Movie Actress - Cusp
  36. Thomas Harris, 83, Screenwriter - S
  37. Mario Andretti, 84, Race Car Driver - S
  38. Jack Nicklaus, 84, Golfer - S
  39. James Brolin, 83, TV Actor - S
  40. Tommy Lawrence (1940-2018), Soccer Player - Cusp
  41. Sue Grafton (1940-2017), Novelist - Cusp
  42. Wangari Muta Maathai (1940-2011), Politician - BB
  43. Maria Elena Velasco (1940-2015), TV Actress - Cusp
  44. Al Jarreau (1940-2017), Jazz Singer - S
  45. Stanley Johnson, 83, Politician - S
  46. Patrick Leahy, 84, Politician - S
  47. Jocelyn Wildenstein, 83, Family Member - Cusp
  48. Lonnie Ali, 84, Family Member - Cusp

1941

https://www.famousbirthdays.com/yea1941.html
  1. Bernie Sanders, 82, Politician - S
  2. Bob Dylan, 82, Folk Singer - Cusp
  3. Martha Stewart, 82, Entrepreneur - S
  4. Emmett Till (1941-1955) - S
  5. Ronald Williams (1941-2021), TikTok Star - S
  6. Joe Flaherty (1941-2024), TV Actor - S
  7. Ritchie Valens (1941-1959), Rock Singer - S
  8. Vivienne Westwood (1941-2022), Fashion Designer - Cusp
  9. Ann Margret, 82, Movie Actress - S
  10. Neil Diamond, 83, Rock Singer - Cusp
  11. Alex Ferguson, 82, Soccer Coach - BB
  12. Mama Cass Elliot (1941-1974), Folk Singer - BB
  13. Paul Anka, 82, Pop Singer - S
  14. Michael D. Higgins, 82, Politician - S
  15. Paul Simon, 82, Folk Singer - Cusp
  16. Kim Jong-il (1941-2011), World Leader - S
  17. Miriam Margolyes, 82, Movie Actress - S
  18. Hayao Miyazaki, 83, Director - Cusp
  19. Otis Redding (1941-1967), Soul Singer - S
  20. Peter Cullen, 82, Voice Actor - Cusp
  21. Pete Best, 82, Drummer - BB
  22. Chubby Checker, 82, Pop Singer - S
  23. Jesse Jackson, 82, Civil Rights Leader - S
  24. Faye Dunaway, 83, Movie Actress - Cusp
  25. Ryan O'Neal (1941-2023), TV Actor - Cusp
  26. Bobby Moore (1941-1993), Soccer Player - Cusp
  27. Pete Rose, 82, Baseball Player - Cusp
  28. Ronald Isley, 82, R&B Singer - S
  29. Mike Love, 83, Rock Singer - BB
  30. David Ruffin (1941-1991), Pop Singer - S
  31. Iona Brown (1941-2004) - BB
  32. George Clinton, 82, Funk Singer - BB
  33. Art Garfunkel, 82, Folk Singer - Cusp
  34. Linda McCartney (1941-1998), Rock Singer - BB
  35. John Sinclair (1941-2024), Poet - BB
  36. David Crosby (1941-2023), Guitarist - S
  37. Ed Roberts (1941-2010), Entrepreneur - S
  38. Otis Williams, 82, Soul Singer - S
  39. Charlie Watts (1941-2021), Drummer - BB
  40. Eric Braeden, 83, TV Actor - S
  41. Joan Baez, 83, Folk Singer - BB
  42. Brenton Wood, 82, Soul Singer - S
  43. Jon Brower Minnoch (1941-1983) - S
  44. Gorden Kaye (1941-2017), TV Actor - S
  45. Nick Nolte, 83, Movie Actor - BB
  46. John Louis (1941-2024), Motorcycle Racer - Cusp
  47. Jerry Spinelli, 83, Young Adult Author - Cusp
  48. Kay Adams, 83, Country Singer - Cusp

1942

https://www.famousbirthdays.com/yea1942.html
  1. Joe Biden, 81, US President - Cusp
  2. Muhammad Ali (1942-2016), Boxer - Cusp
  3. Bob Ross (1942-1995), Painter - Cusp
  4. Stephen Hawking (1942-2018), Physicist - Cusp
  5. Paul McCartney, 81, Rock Singer - BB
  6. Harrison Ford, 81, Movie Actor - Cusp
  7. Aretha Franklin (1942-2018), Soul Singer - S
  8. Judge Judy Sheindlin, 81, TV Show Host - BB
  9. Jimi Hendrix (1942-1970), Guitarist - BB
  10. Barbra Streisand, 81, Pop Singer - BB
  11. Calvin Klein, 81, Fashion Designer - BB
  12. Amitabh Bachchan, 81, Movie Actor - Cusp
  13. Joe Lieberman (1942-2024), Politician - S
  14. Martin Scorsese, 81, Director - Cusp
  15. Jan Pol, 81, Veterinarian - S
  16. John Witherspoon (1942-2019), TV Actor - S
  17. Scott Wilson (1942-2018), Movie Actor - S
  18. Bob Hoskins (1942-2014), TV Actor - Cusp
  19. Richard Roundtree (1942-2023), Movie Actor - Cusp
  20. Wayne Newton, 82, Pop Singer - S
  21. Muammar Gaddafi (1942-2011), World Leader - S
  22. Mitch McConnell, 82, Politician - S
  23. Lou Reed (1942-2013), Rock Singer - BB
  24. Carl Douglas, 81, Pop Singer - Cusp
  25. Brian Wilson, 81, Rock Singer - BB
  26. Tobin Bell, 81, Movie Actor - Cusp
  27. Betsey Johnson, 81, Fashion Designer - BB
  28. Brian Jones (1942-1969), Guitarist - BB
  29. Scatman John (1942-1999), Pop Singer - S
  30. Isaac Hayes (1942-2008), Soul Singer - S
  31. Billy Connolly, 81, Movie Actor - BB
  32. Eusebio (1942-2014), Soccer Player - Cusp
  33. Carole King, 82, Songwriter - Cusp
  34. Jacob Zuma, 81, World Leader - Cusp
  35. Ronnie James Dio (1942-2010), Metal Singer - BB
  36. Ian McShane, 81, Movie Actor - BB
  37. Jerry Garcia (1942-1995), Rock Singer - BB
  38. Michael Bloomberg, 82, Politician - Cusp
  39. Frankie Lymon (1942-1968), Rock Singer - S
  40. Jerry Jones, 81, Entrepreneur - Cusp
  41. Joy Behar, 81, TV Show Host - Cusp
  42. Iron Sheik (1942-2023), Wrestler - BB
  43. Tammy Wynette (1942-1998), Country Singer - S
  44. David Bradley, 81, Movie Actor - S
  45. Afa Anoa'i, 81, Wrestler - Cusp
  46. David Stern (1942-2020), Sports Executive - Cusp
  47. Annette Funicello (1942-2013), TV Actress - S
  48. Michael York, 82, Movie Actor - Cusp

1943

https://www.famousbirthdays.com/yea1943.html
  1. Robert De Niro, 80, Movie Actor - BB
  2. Mick Jagger, 80, Rock Singer - BB
  3. George Harrison (1943-2001), Guitarist - BB
  4. Sharon Tate (1943-1969), Movie Actress - BB
  5. Christopher Walken, 81, Movie Actor - Cusp
  6. Jim Morrison (1943-1971), Rock Singer - BB
  7. RL Stine, 80, Young Adult Author - Cusp
  8. Janis Joplin (1943-1970), Rock Singer - BB
  9. John Denver (1943-1997), Folk Singer - BB
  10. Billie Jean King, 80, Tennis Player - Cusp
  11. Joe Pesci, 81, Movie Actor - BB
  12. Chevy Chase, 80, Movie Actor - Cusp
  13. Wallace Shawn, 80, Movie Actor - Cusp
  14. Barry Manilow, 80, Pop Singer - BB
  15. Gloria Gaynor, 80, Pop Singer - BB
  16. Joni Mitchell, 80, Folk Singer - Cusp
  17. Keith Richards, 80, Guitarist - BB
  18. Roger Waters, 80, Rock Singer - BB
  19. Carly Simon, 80, Pop Singer - BB
  20. Edward Herrmann (1943-2014), Movie Actor - Cusp
  21. Holland Taylor, 81, TV Actress - S
  22. Randy Newman, 80, Rock Singer - Cusp
  23. Ben Kingsley, 80, Movie Actor - BB
  24. Faye Chrisley, 80, Reality Star - Cusp
  25. Ronnie Spector (1943-2022), Rock Singer - Cusp
  26. Michael Morpurgo, 80, Children's Author - Cusp
  27. Eric Idle, 81, Comedian - Cusp
  28. Julio Iglesias, 80, World Music Singer - S
  29. Paul Michael Glaser, 81, TV Actor - Cusp
  30. Toni Basil, 80, Pop Singer - BB
  31. Creed Bratton, 81, TV Actor - BB
  32. Harry Shearer, 80, Voice Actor - Cusp
  33. Robert Williams, 81, Cartoonist - S
  34. Joyce Meyer, 80, Novelist - S
  35. Bobby Fischer (1943-2008), Chess Player - S
  36. Jimmy Johnson, 80, Football Coach - S
  37. Jim Croce (1943-1973), Pop Singer - Cusp
  38. Cilla Black (1943-2015), Pop Singer - S
  39. Gayla Peevey, 81, Pop Singer - Cusp
  40. George Benson, 81, Jazz Singer - Cusp
  41. Sly Stone, 81, Funk Singer - BB
  42. Christine McVie (1943-2022), Rock Singer - BB
  43. Arthur Ashe (1943-1993), Tennis Player - Cusp
  44. Catherine Deneuve, 80, Movie Actress - Cusp
  45. David Soul (1943-2024), TV Actor - Cusp
  46. Kathryn Leigh Scott, 81, TV Actress - Cusp
  47. Penny Marshall (1943-2018), Director - S
  48. Joe Namath, 80, Football Player - S

1944

https://www.famousbirthdays.com/yea1944.html
  1. Danny DeVito, 79, Movie Actor - BB
  2. Diana Ross, 80, Soul Singer - BB
  3. Jerry Springer (1944-2023), TV Show Host - BB
  4. Robert Kardashian (1944-2003), Lawyer - Cusp
  5. Rocky Johnson (1944-2020), Wrestler - BB
  6. George Lucas, 79, Director - BB
  7. Patti LaBelle, 79, R&B Singer - BB
  8. Angry Grandma, 80, YouTube Star - S
  9. Michelle Phillips, 79, Folk Singer - BB
  10. Danny Trejo, 79, Movie Actor - BB
  11. Jimmy Page, 80, Guitarist - BB
  12. Brenda Lee, 79, Country Singer - S
  13. Michael Douglas, 79, Movie Actor - Cusp
  14. Len Goodman (1944-2023), TV Show Host - S
  15. Craig T. Nelson, 80, TV Actor - Cusp
  16. Gladys Knight, 79, Soul Singer - BB
  17. Carol Sutton (1944-2020), Movie Actress - S
  18. Sam Elliott, 79, Movie Actor - S
  19. Harold Ramis (1944-2014), Director - BB
  20. James Clark, 80, Entrepreneur - S
  21. Kelly Bishop, 80, TV Actress - S
  22. Barry White (1944-2003), R&B Singer - BB
  23. Joe Frazier (1944-2011), Boxer - Cusp
  24. Pattie Boyd, 80, Model - BB
  25. Angela Davis, 80, Teacher - Cusp
  26. Gary Busey, 79, Movie Actor - BB
  27. Frank Oz, 79, Puppeteer - S
  28. Russi Taylor (1944-2019), Voice Actress - BB
  29. Peter Mayhew (1944-2019), Movie Actor - Cusp
  30. Richard Belzer (1944-2023), TV Actor - Cusp
  31. Tony Orlando, 80, Pop Singer - Cusp
  32. Roger Daltrey, 80, Rock Singer - BB
  33. Erno Rubik, 79, Architect - S
  34. Rocio Dúrcal (1944-2006), World Music Singer - Cusp
  35. Carlos Villagrán, 80, Comedian - S
  36. Terry Funk (1944-2023), Wrestler - BB
  37. Ian McDiarmid, 79, Movie Actor - Cusp
  38. Rudy Giuliani, 79, Politician - Cusp
  39. Frank Sinatra Jr. (1944-2016), Pop Singer - S
  40. Larry Ellison, 79, Entrepreneur - BB
  41. Peter Cetera, 79, Rock Singer - BB
  42. Jeff Beck (1944-2023), Guitarist - BB
  43. Tom Brady Sr., 79, Family Member - S
  44. Chico Mendes (1944-1988), Entrepreneur - Cusp
  45. Kemal Sunal (1944-2000), Movie Actor - Cusp
  46. Swoosie Kurtz, 79, TV Actress - Cusp
  47. Alice Walker, 80, Poet - BB
  48. Younan Nowzaradan, 79, Doctor - BB

1945

https://www.famousbirthdays.com/yea1945.html
  1. Bob Marley (1945-1981), Reggae Singer - BB
  2. Priscilla Presley, 78, TV Actress - S
  3. Grandad Frank, 78, TikTok Star - Cusp
  4. Dusty Rhodes (1945-2015), Wrestler - BB
  5. Vince McMahon, 78, Sports Executive - BB
  6. Steve Martin, 78, Movie Actor - BB
  7. Eric Clapton, 79, Guitarist - Cusp
  8. Rod Stewart, 79, Rock Singer - BB
  9. Tom Selleck, 79, TV Actor - Cusp
  10. Jacqueline Wilson, 78, Children's Author - Cusp
  11. Goldie Hawn, 78, Movie Actress - BB
  12. Ernie Hudson, 78, Movie Actor - BB
  13. Henry Winkler, 78, TV Actor - BB
  14. Franz Beckenbauer (1945-2024), Soccer Player - Cusp
  15. Helen Mirren, 78, Movie Actress - BB
  16. Lemmy Kilmister (1945-2015), Rock Singer - BB
  17. Badass Grandmom, 79, Instagram Star - BB
  18. Bette Midler, 78, Pop Singer - BB
  19. James Avery (1945-2013), TV Actor - BB
  20. Debbie Harry, 78, Rock Singer - BB
  21. Linda Hunt, 79, Movie Actress - S
  22. Neil Young, 78, Folk Singer - BB
  23. Rodrigo Duterte, 79, World Leader - Cusp
  24. Bob Seger, 78, Rock Singer - BB
  25. George Miller, 79, Director - BB
  26. Michael Blake (1945-2015), Screenwriter - Cusp
  27. John Lithgow, 78, TV Actor - Cusp
  28. Pete Townshend, 78, Guitarist - Cusp
  29. Bjorn Ulvaeus, 78, Pop Singer - BB
  30. Davy Jones (1945-2012), Pop Singer - Cusp
  31. Don McLean, 78, Pop Singer - BB
  32. Anne Murray, 78, Pop Singer - Cusp
  33. Mia Farrow, 79, Movie Actress - S
  34. Van Morrison, 78, Rock Singer - BB
  35. Ramón Ayala, 78, World Music Singer - BB
  36. Tammi Terrell (1945-1970), R&B Singer - S
  37. Sika Anoai, 79, Wrestler - BB
  38. José Feliciano, 78, Rock Singer - S
  39. Robert Munsch, 78, Children's Author - Cusp
  40. Peter Criss, 78, Drummer - BB
  41. Grandad Phillips, 78, Instagram Star - Cusp
  42. Jim Davis, 78, Cartoonist - S
  43. Frida Lyngstad, 78, Pop Singer - BB
  44. John Fogerty, 78, Rock Singer - BB
  45. Jaclyn Smith, 78, TV Actress - BB
  46. Walt Frazier, 79, Basketball Player - Cusp
  47. Kim Carnes, 78, Pop Singer - BB
  48. Tony Dow (1945-2022), TV Actor - S
submitted by CP4-Throwaway to generationology [link] [comments]


2024.04.09 12:14 CP4-Throwaway A rough estimate of celebs that may seem more BB, Cusp, or X from Famous Birthdays, based on the widest definition of my personal transitional BooXer/Baby Buster microgeneration, b. circa 1958-1967 (UPDATED)

Just for context, in this specific post:
BB = Baby Boomer
Cusp = Cusp
X = Gen X
This is a repost from the original (which was an extension of the very original post here) that I did a few years back, just to be updated for 2024 because I thought it'd be to fun to explore this again.
But I will exclude the 1965-1967 list because that'd be way too long. I'll add them in the comment sections. So in this post, I'll focus on the celebrities born from 1958-1964.
I know the vast majority of this sub will disagree but I'll post it anyway.
This is based on the vibes and/or appearance of the celebrity so please don't take this too seriously as this may or may not be accurate, depending on one's view of Boomers and Gen X.
This is based on my current perception of these celebrities.
WARNING: THIS POST WILL BE SUPER LONG!!! DISCRETION ADVISED!!!!!! 

1958

https://www.famousbirthdays.com/yea1958.html
  1. Michael Jackson (1958-2009), Pop Singer - Cusp
  2. Ellen DeGeneres, 66, TV Show Host - BB
  3. Madonna, 65, Pop Singer - Cusp
  4. Tim Burton, 65, Director - BB
  5. Prince (1958-2016), Pop Singer - BB
  6. Angela Bassett, 65, Movie Actress - Cusp
  7. Alec Baldwin, 66, TV Actor - BB
  8. Jamie Lee Curtis, 65, Movie Actress - BB
  9. Ice T, 66, Rapper - Cusp
  10. Gary Oldman, 66, Movie Actor - BB
  11. Andrea Swift, 66, Family Member - BB
  12. Ned Luke, 65, Voice Actor - Cusp
  13. Nikki Sixx, 65, Bassist - X
  14. Kevin Bacon, 65, Movie Actor - BB
  15. Carl Judie (1958-2021), TV Actor - BB
  16. Jennifer Tilly, 65, Movie Actress - Cusp
  17. Mark Cuban, 65, Entrepreneur - BB
  18. Alan Jackson, 65, Country Singer - BB
  19. Joan Jett, 65, Rock Singer - BB
  20. Terry Fox (1958-1981), Runner - BB
  21. Andy Reid, 66, Football Coach - BB
  22. Rey Misterio Sr., 66, Wrestler - X
  23. Michelle Pfeiffer, 65. Movie Actress - BB
  24. Andrea Bocelli, 65, Opera Singer - BB
  25. Peter Capaldi, 65, TV Actor - BB
  26. Neil deGrasse Tyson, 65. Astrophysicist - BB
  27. Sharon Stone, 66, Movie Actress - BB
  28. Anita Baker, 66, R&B Singer - BB
  29. Scott Patterson, 65, TV Actor - X
  30. Drew Carey, 65, Game Show Host - BB
  31. Giancarlo Esposito, 65, Movie Actor - BB
  32. Karen Houghton (1958-2024), Family Member - BB
  33. Scott Hall (1958-2022), Wrestler - BB
  34. Billy Mays (1958-2009), Entrepreneur - BB
  35. Tommy Lister (1958-2020), Movie Actor - Cusp
  36. Lenny Henry, 65, Comedian - BB
  37. Holly Hunter, 66, Movie Actress - BB
  38. Viggo Mortensen, 65. Movie Actor - BB
  39. Diana Williams, 65. Journalist - BB
  40. Belinda Carlisle, 65, Pop Singer - BB
  41. Lisa Loring (1958-2023), TV Actress - BB
  42. Ana Maria Polo, 65, TV Show Host - BB
  43. Kevin Sullivan, 65, Director - BB
  44. Levi Roots, 65, Reggae Singer - BB
  45. Joe Diffie (1958-2020), Country Singer - BB
  46. Annette Bening, 65, Movie Actress - BB
  47. Andie MacDowell, 65, Movie Actress - BB
  48. Helen DeMacque, 65, Pop Singer - Cusp

1959

https://www.famousbirthdays.com/yea1959.html
  1. Simon Cowell, 64, Talent Manager - BB
  2. Cathy Nesbitt-Stein, 64, Reality Star - BB
  3. Magic Johnson, 64, Basketball Player - BB
  4. Weird Al Yankovic, 64, Pop Singer - X
  5. Emma Thompson, 64, Movie Actress - BB
  6. Sade, 65, R&B Singer - Cusp
  7. Rachel Renee Russell, 65, Children's Author - BB
  8. Bryan Adams, 64, Rock Singer - Cusp
  9. Dave Coulier, 64, TV Actor - BB
  10. Maggie Baird, 65, TV Actress - BB
  11. Clancy Brown, 65, Movie Actor - BB
  12. Hugh Laurie, 64, TV Actor - Cusp
  13. Israel Kamakawiwoʻole (1959-1997), Folk Singer - X
  14. Flavor Flav, 65, Rapper - Cusp
  15. Babyface, 64, Music Producer - Cusp
  16. Tracey Ullman, 64, Comedian - BB
  17. Sting, 65, Wrestler - BB
  18. Miki Matsubara (1959-2004), Composer - X
  19. Robert Smith, 64, Rock Singer - X
  20. Randy Travis, 64, Country Singer - BB
  21. Morrissey, 64, Rock Singer - BB
  22. Matthew Modine, 65, Movie Actor - BB
  23. Val Kilmer, 64, Movie Actor - X
  24. Ultimate Warrior (1959-2014), Wrestler - BB
  25. Kevin Spacey, 64, Movie Actor - BB
  26. Mike Pence, 64, Vice President - BB
  27. Chris Hansen, 64, Journalist - BB
  28. Kathy Hilton, 65, Fashion Designer - BB
  29. Michael Kors, 64, Fashion Designer - BB
  30. Lorraine Kelly, 64, TV Show Host - BB
  31. Irene Cara (1959-2022), Movie Actress - Cusp
  32. Judd Nelson, 64, Movie Actor - Cusp
  33. Charlie Murphy (1959-2017), Comedian - Cusp
  34. John McEnroe, 65, Tennis Player - BB
  35. Sean Bean, 64, TV Actor - Cusp
  36. Pete Burns (1959-2016), Pop Singer - X
  37. Chris Hadfield, 64, Astronaut - BB
  38. Allison Janney, 64, TV Actress - BB
  39. Gwen Ballinger, 64, Instagram Star - Cusp
  40. Helen Pearson, 64, Soap Opera Actress - BB
  41. Kevin Nash, 64, Wrestler - BB
  42. Linda Blair, 65, Movie Actress - BB
  43. Sarah Ferguson, 64, Duchess - BB
  44. Gustavo Cerati (1959-2014), Guitarist - BB
  45. Nicole Brown Simpson (1959-1994), Family Member - BB
  46. Jason Alexander, 64, TV Actor - BB
  47. Kyle MacLachlan, 65, TV Actor - BB
  48. Carlo Ancelotti, 64, Soccer Coach - BB

1960

https://www.famousbirthdays.com/yea1960.html
  1. Queen Cheryl, 63, TikTok Star - BB
  2. RuPaul, 63, TV Show Host - Cusp
  3. Diego Maradona (1960-2020). Soccer Player - BB
  4. Niki Mahajan, 63, Fashion Designer - X
  5. Hugh Grant, 63. Movie Actor - BB
  6. Bono, 63, Rock Singer - BB
  7. Jeremy Clarkson, 63, TV Show Host - BB
  8. Jane Lynch, 63, TV Actress - BB
  9. Ayrton Senna (1960-1994), Race Car Driver - Cusp
  10. Lisa Vanderpump, 63, Reality Star - Cusp
  11. Antonio Banderas, 63, Movie Actor - BB
  12. Bradley Walsh, 63, TV Actor - BB
  13. Prince Andrew, Duke of York, 64, Prince - BB
  14. Colin Firth, 63, Movie Actor - BB
  15. Chalino Sánchez (1960-1992), World Music Singer - BB
  16. Tim Cook, 63, Business Executive - BB
  17. Julianne Moore, 63, Movie Actress - X
  18. Damon Wayans, 63, Comedian - X
  19. Stanley Tucci, 63, Movie Actor - Cusp
  20. John Schneider, 64, TV Actor - BB
  21. George Elliott Clarke, 64, Poet - BB
  22. Angela Raiola (1960-2016), Reality Star - Cusp
  23. Valerie Bertinelli, 63, TV Actress - Cusp
  24. Jennifer Grey, 64, Movie Actress - Cusp
  25. Jean-Claude Van Damme, 63, Movie Actor - Cusp
  26. John F. Kennedy Jr. (1960-1999), Entrepreneur - BB
  27. Mohanlal, 63, Movie Actor - Cusp
  28. John Leguizamo, 63, Movie Actor - X
  29. Kathy Griffin, 63, Comedian - Cusp
  30. Tony Robbins, 64, Motivational Speaker - BB
  31. Tony Goldwyn, 63, TV Actor - X
  32. Jason Beghe, 64, TV Actor - Cusp
  33. Tilda Swinton, 63, Movie Actress - Cusp
  34. Sean Penn, 63, Movie Actor - Cusp
  35. Jonathan Ross, 63, TV Show Host - Cusp
  36. Greg Mathis, 64, Reality Star - BB
  37. James Spader, 64, Movie Actor - Cusp
  38. Hugo Weaving, 64, Movie Actor - Cusp
  39. Hirohiko Araki, 63, Comic Book Artist - X
  40. Shirley Ballas, 63, Dancer - BB
  41. Kim Wilde, 63, Pop Singer - Cusp
  42. Gary Lineker, 63, Soccer Player - Cusp
  43. David Duchovny, 63, TV Actor - BB
  44. Nena, 64, Pop Singer - Cusp
  45. John Elway, 63, Football Player - BB
  46. Scott Baio, 63, TV Actor - Cusp
  47. Kenneth Branagh, 63, Director - X
  48. John Taylor, 63, Bassist - BB

1961

https://www.famousbirthdays.com/yea1961.html
  1. Barack Obama, 62, US President - BB
  2. Princess Diana (1961-1997), Princess - BB
  3. Ralph Macchio, 62, Movie Actor - Cusp
  4. Eddie Murphy, 63, Movie Actor - Cusp
  5. Billy Ray Cyrus, 62, Country Singer - X
  6. George Clooney, 62, Movie Actor - BB
  7. Toby Keith (1961-2024), Country Singer - Cusp
  8. Jennifer Coolidge, 62, Movie Actress - X
  9. Michael J. Fox, 62, Movie Actor - Cusp
  10. George Lopez, 62, Comedian - X
  11. Wayne Gretzky, 63, Hockey Player - BB
  12. Dennis Rodman, 62, Basketball Player - X
  13. Carole Baskin, 62, Activist - BB
  14. Stephen Hillenburg (1961-2018), Director - BB
  15. Woody Harrelson, 62, TV Actor - Cusp
  16. Randy Jackson, 62, Pop Singer - BB
  17. Eugenio Derbez, 62, TV Actor - Cusp
  18. Boy George, 62, Pop Singer - Cusp
  19. Susan Boyle, 63, Pop Singer - BB
  20. Ricky Gervais, 62, Comedian - Cusp
  21. Dave Mustaine, 62, Metal Singer - Cusp
  22. Phil Swift, 63, YouTube Star - Cusp
  23. Vince Neil, 63, Metal Singer - Cusp
  24. Jeff Probst, 62, Game Show Host - Cusp
  25. Joko Widodo, 62, Politician - BB
  26. Larry Lawton, 62, YouTube Star - Cusp
  27. Meg Ryan, 62, Movie Actress - X
  28. Jodi Benson, 62, Voice Actress - Cusp
  29. Elizabeth Daily, 62, Voice Actress - X
  30. Nadia Comaneci, 62, Gymnast - X
  31. Christopher Meloni, 63, TV Actor - X
  32. Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, 63, Prince - BB
  33. James Gandolfini (1961-2013), TV Actor - BB
  34. Tom Ford, 62, Fashion Designer - X
  35. Isiah Thomas, 62, Basketball Player - BB
  36. Keith Sweat, 62, R&B Singer - X
  37. Martin Kemp, 62, TV Actor - Cusp
  38. Amr Diab, 62, World Music Singer - X
  39. DJ Yella, 62, Music Producer - X
  40. Forest Whitaker, 62, Movie Actor - Cusp
  41. Enya, 62, World Music Singer - Cusp
  42. Julia Louis-Dreyfus, 63, TV Actress - Cusp
  43. Robert Carlyle, 62, Movie Actor - BB
  44. Dan Marino, 62, Football Player - BB
  45. Chad Smith, 62, Drummer - X
  46. Lea Thompson, 62, Movie Actress - Cusp
  47. Camryn Manheim, 63, TV Actress - X
  48. Rick Owens, 62, Fashion Designer - Cusp

1962

https://www.famousbirthdays.com/yea1962.html
  1. Tom Cruise, 61, Movie Actor - Cusp
  2. Jim Carrey, 62, Movie Actor - Cusp
  3. Axl Rose, 62, Rock Singer - X
  4. Jon Bon Jovi, 62, Rock Singer - Cusp
  5. Steve Carell, 61, TV Actor - Cusp
  6. Steve Irwin (1962-2006), Reality Star - BB
  7. Tom Kenny, 61, Voice Actor - BB
  8. Tommy Lee, 61, Drummer - X
  9. Kirk Hammett, 61, Guitarist - X
  10. Jodie Foster, 61, Movie Actress - Cusp
  11. Demi Moore, 61, Movie Actress - Cusp
  12. Ralph Fiennes, 61, Movie Actor - Cusp
  13. MC Hammer, 62, Rapper - X
  14. Garth Brooks, 62, Country Singer - X
  15. Kate Spade (1962-2018), Fashion Designer - Cusp
  16. Kim Mulkey, 61, Basketball Coach - BB
  17. Thomas Gibson, 61, TV Actor - Cusp
  18. Paula Abdul, 61, Pop Singer - Cusp
  19. Jerry Rice, 61, Football Player - Cusp
  20. Jeff Dunham, 61, Ventriloquist - Cusp
  21. Andre Braugher (1962-2023), TV Actor - BB
  22. Michelle Yeoh, 61, Movie Actress - Cusp
  23. Lance Reddick (1962-2023), TV Actor - Cusp
  24. Matthew Broderick, 62, Movie Actor - Cusp
  25. Eric Allan Kramer, 62, TV Actor - Cusp
  26. Flea, 61, Bassist - Cusp
  27. Cliff Burton (1962-1986), Bassist - X
  28. Phillip Schofield, 62, TV Show Host - BB
  29. Manute Bol (1962-2010), Basketball Player - Cusp
  30. Bob Odenkirk, 61, TV Actor - Cusp
  31. John Marshall Jones, 61, TV Actor - Cusp
  32. Emilio Estevez, 61, Movie Actor - Cusp
  33. Evander Holyfield, 61, Boxer - BB
  34. Bo Jackson, 61, Baseball Player - Cusp
  35. Peter Steele (1962-2010), Metal Singer - X
  36. Anthony Kiedis, 61, Rock Singer - X
  37. Sheryl Crow, 62, Pop Singer - X
  38. Kelly Preston (1962-2020), Movie Actress - BB
  39. Frank Mele, 61, Family Member - BB
  40. Rosie O'Donnell, 62, TV Show Host - BB
  41. Wesley Snipes, 61, Movie Actor - Cusp
  42. Izzy Stradlin, 62, Guitarist - X
  43. Joan Cusack, 61, Movie Actress - BB
  44. Suzanne Collins, 61, Young Adult Author - X
  45. Jordan Peterson, 61, Psychologist - BB
  46. Gabe Newell, 61, Entrepreneur - BB
  47. Clark Gregg, 62, Movie Actor - BB
  48. Jasmine Guy, 62, TV Actress - Cusp

1963

https://www.famousbirthdays.com/yea1963.html
  1. Michael Jordan, 61, Basketball Player - Cusp
  2. Johnny Depp, 60, Movie Actor - X
  3. Brad Pitt, 60, Movie Actor - X
  4. Whitney Houston (1963-2012), R&B Singer - X
  5. David Baszucki, 61, Entrepreneur - BB
  6. John Stamos, 60, TV Actor - BB
  7. George Michael (1963-2016), Pop Singer - Cusp
  8. Lisa Kudrow, 60, TV Actress - X
  9. Kevin Chamberlin, 60, TV Actor - Cusp
  10. Morgz Mum, 60, YouTube Star - X
  11. Coolio (1963-2022), Rapper - X
  12. James Hetfield, 60, Metal Singer - X
  13. Mike Myers, 60, Movie Actor - Cusp
  14. Conan O'Brien, 60, TV Show Host - Cusp
  15. Greg Paul, 60, Instagram Star - Cusp
  16. Rob Schneider, 60, Movie Actor - X
  17. Quentin Tarantino, 61, Director - Cusp
  18. David Thewlis, 61, Movie Actor - X
  19. Vanessa Williams, 61, TV Actress - X
  20. Momma Dee, 60, Reality Star - Cusp
  21. Seal, 61, Rock Singer - X
  22. James May, 61, TV Show Host - BB
  23. Charles Barkley, 61, Basketball Player - BB
  24. Larry the Cable Guy, 61, Movie Actor - X
  25. Natasha Richardson (1963-2009), Movie Actress - BB
  26. Pam Stepnick, 60, YouTube Star - Cusp
  27. Edie Falco, 60, TV Actress - Cusp
  28. Jason Isaacs, 60. TV Actor - X
  29. Jet Li, 60, Movie Actor - X
  30. Graham Norton, 61, TV Show Host - BB
  31. Lars Ulrich, 60, Drummer - X
  32. José Mourinho, 61, Soccer Coach - Cusp
  33. Tom Cavanagh, 60, TV Actor - X
  34. Marc Jacobs, 60, Fashion Designer - X
  35. Lisa Rinna, 60, Soap Opera Actress - Cusp
  36. Till Lindemann, 61, Metal Singer - X
  37. Sir Mix-a-Lot, 60, Rapper - Cusp
  38. Benjamin Bratt, 60, TV Actor - X
  39. Joel Osteen, 61, Religious Leader - Cusp
  40. Dan Povenmire, 60, TV Producer - X
  41. Phoebe Cates, 60, Movie Actress - X
  42. Zeena Schreck, 60, Religious Leader - Cusp
  43. Lane Frost (1963-1989), Bull Rider - BB
  44. Bret Michaels, 61, Rock Singer - X
  45. Anthony Albanese, 61, Politician - BB
  46. Isaiah Washington, 60, TV Actor - Cusp
  47. Lisa Ann Walter, 60, Movie Actress - BB
  48. A.B. Quintanilla III, 60, World Music Singer - X

1964

https://www.famousbirthdays.com/yea1964.html
  1. Jeff Bezos, 60, Entrepreneur - Cusp
  2. Michelle Obama, 60, First Lady - BB
  3. Eazy-E (1964-1995), Rapper - X
  4. Keanu Reeves, 59, Movie Actor - Cusp
  5. That Vegan Teacher, 59, TikTok Star - BB
  6. Courteney Cox, 59, TV Actress - X
  7. Sandra Bullock, 59, Movie Actress - X
  8. Wendy Williams, 59, TV Show Host - X
  9. Boris Johnson, 59, World Leader - BB
  10. Rob Lowe, 60, Movie Actor - Cusp
  11. Nicolas Cage, 60, Movie Actor - Cusp
  12. Kamala Harris, 59, Vice President - Cusp
  13. Matt Dillon, 60, Movie Actor - Cusp
  14. Stone Cold Steve Austin, 59, Wrestler - Cusp
  15. Mariska Hargitay, 60, TV Actress - X
  16. Lori Loughlin, 59, TV Actress - BB
  17. Lenny Kravitz, 59, Funk Singer - X
  18. Courtney Love, 59, Rock Singer - X
  19. TobyMac, 59, Rapper - X
  20. Rick Riordan, 59, Young Adult Author - BB
  21. Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh, 60, Prince - BB
  22. Chris Cornell (1964-2017), Rock Singer - X
  23. Monica Bellucci, 59, Movie Actress - Cusp
  24. Tracy Chapman, 60, Pop Singer - X
  25. Chris Farley (1964-1997), Movie Actor - X
  26. Russell Crowe, 60, Movie Actor - Cusp
  27. Boz Mofid, 60, Family Member - Cusp
  28. Yolanda Hadid, 60, Reality Star - X
  29. David Spade, 59, TV Actor - X
  30. Bobby Flay, 59, Chef - X
  31. Ronnie Coleman, 59, Bodybuilder - Cusp
  32. David Cross, 60, TV Actor - X
  33. Laura Rivera, 59, Family Member - X
  34. Eddie Vedder, 59, Rock Singer - X
  35. Marisa Tomei, 59, Movie Actress - X
  36. Don Cheadle, 59, Movie Actor - Cusp
  37. Cedric the Entertainer, 59, Movie Actor - Cusp
  38. MaryLou Sturniolo, 59, Family Member - X
  39. Vivica A. Fox, 59, Movie Actress - X
  40. Dell Curry, 59, Basketball Player - Cusp
  41. Steve Wilkos, 60, TV Show Host - Cusp
  42. Stephen Colbert, 59, TV Show Host - Cusp
  43. Cassi Davis, 59, Movie Actress - Cusp
  44. Wanda Sykes, 60, Comedian - X
  45. Cece Winans, 59, Gospel Singer - X
  46. Nigel Farage, 60, Politician - BB
  47. Molly Shannon, 59, Comedian - X
  48. Trisha Yearwood, 59, Country Singer - Cusp

What do you think?
submitted by CP4-Throwaway to generationology [link] [comments]


2024.04.08 15:51 Wonderful-Split8804 AGENOLX - Situs Slot Online Dan Togel Online Terpercaya Gampang Menang

AGENOLX - Situs Slot Online Dan Togel Online Terpercaya Gampang Menang
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AGENOLX ADALAH SITUS SLOT DAN BOLA TERBAIK SEPANJANG MASA, SUDAH BERDIRI SEJAK 10 TAHUN YANG LALU
DAFTAR AGENOLX DISINI
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submitted by Wonderful-Split8804 to u/Wonderful-Split8804 [link] [comments]


2024.04.07 19:47 Automatic_Grass_7595 WG4D Agen Terpercaya No. 1 di Indonesia

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submitted by Automatic_Grass_7595 to WG4D [link] [comments]


2024.04.06 19:13 mthw704 (SELLING) BIG LIST OF 4K/HD/SD CODES. Lots of titles added this week & a great $2 list. Over 5,000 transactions.

The Big List

Prices are firm. Please only redeem the portion of a code you are paying for. All codes are for immediate redemption. All Disney & Sony codes include points unless otherwise noted. As of 4/01/2024 all Google Play options have been removed from Disney codes.
I accept Cashapp, Venmo, Zelle & PayPal F&F. Comment & pm if interested. Thanks!

🦝

MISC

Aladdin & The King Of Thieves HD [1996] $6 (MA + 150 points)
Aladdin: The Return Of Jafar HD [1994] $6 (MA + 150 points)
Alice In Wonderland HD [1951] $6 (MA + 150 points)
X-Men Trilogy HD [X-Men, X2 & The Last Stand] $9 (MA)

🦝

$5 4K UHD

John Wick 1-3 (iTunes)
Last Duel, The [2021 (MA + 200 points)
Titanic (Vudu or iTunes)

🦝

$4 4K UHD

Aladdin [2019] (MA + 200 points)
Dredd (Vudu or iTunes)
Halloween [2018] (MA)
Hobbs & Shaw (MA)
Solo (MA + 200 points)
Spider-Man: Far From Home (MA + Sony points)
Tangled [2010] (iTunes/ports + 150 points)
Warrior [2011] (iTunes)

🦝

$5 HD

Better Call Saul season 1 (Vudu)
Dumbo [1941] (MA + 150 points)
Elemental [2023] (MA + 150 points)
Fast & Furious 8-Movie Collection [1-Fate] (MA)
Lady & The Tramp II: Scamps Adventure (MA + 150 points)
Rob Zombie Trilogy [House of 1,000 Corpses, The Devil's Rejects [Unrated] & 3 From Hell [Unrated] (Vudu)

🦝

$4 HD

BFG, The [2016] (MA + 150 points)
Bridge Of Spies [2015] (MA + 150 points)
Finest Hours, The [2016] (MA + 150 points)
Guardians Of The Galaxy Vol.3 (MA + 150 points)
Hunger Games 4 Film Collection [Hunger Games, Catching Fire, Mockingjay 1 & 2] (Vudu or Google Play)
Indiana Jones & The Dial Of Destiny (MA + 150 points)
Jungle Book, The [1967] (MA + 150 points)
Menu, The [2022] (MA)
Peter Pan [1953] (MA + 150 points)
Sleeping Beauty [1959] (MA + 150 points)
Toy Story That Time Forgot [2015] (MA + 150 points) PENDING

🦝

$3️⃣ Movies

$3 4K UHD

Apollo 13 (iTunes/ports)
Despicable Me 3 (iTunes/ports)
Get Out (iTunes/ports)
G.I. Joe: Retaliation (Vudu)
Incredibles 2, The (iTunes/ports + 150 points)
Invisible Man, The [1933] (iTunes/ports)
Prometheus (iTunes/ports)
Rango (iTunes)
Psycho [1960] (iTunes/ports)
Sicario (Vudu)
Top Gun (iTunes)
Zootopia (iTunes/ports + 150 points)

🦝

$3 HD

About Time [2013] (MA)
Ad Astra (MA)
Alexander & The Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Day (MA + 150 points)
Alien3 [Theatrical] (MA, iTunes or Google Play/ports)
Alien Resurrection (MA, iTunes or Google Play/ports)
Annie [1982] (MA + Sony points)
Baby Driver [2017] (MA + Sony points)
Beauty & The Beast [1991] (MA + 150 points/no iTunes option)
Bedknobs & Broomsticks [1971] (Google Play/ports)
Bloodshot [2020] (MA + Sony points)
Boy Next Door, The (iTunes/ports)
Call Me By Your Name (MA + Sony points)
Candyman: Day Of The Dead (Vudu or Google Play)
Cocaine Bear (MA)
Company Of Heroes [2013] (MA)
Don't Be Afraid Of The Dark [2011] (MA + Sony points)
Drive [2011] (MA + Sony points)
Equalizer 2, The (MA + Sony points)
Escape Plan 2 (Vudu/GP HD or iTunes 4K)
Expendables 1-3, The (Vudu)
Fortress [2021] (Vudu or Google Play)
Ghost Rider: Spirit Of Vengeance (MA + Sony points)
Hocus Pocus (MA + 150 points/no iTunes option)
Hotel Transylvania 2 (MA + 150 points)
Into The Woods [2014] (MA + 150 points)
King's Man, The [2021] (MA)
League Of Their Own, A [1992] (MA + Sony points)
Legends Of Oz: Dorothy's Return (MA or Google Play/ports)
Lion King, The [1994] (MA + 150 points/no iTunes option)
London Has Fallen (iTunes/ports)
Lone Ranger, The [2013] (MA + 150 points)
Manchester By The Sea (Vudu or Google Play/iTunes option is expired)
Mindcage (Vudu or iTunes)
Moonlight [A24] (Vudu)
Morbius (MA + Sony points)
Only The Brave [2017] (MA + Sony points)
Pitch Black [2000] [Unrated] Director's Cut] (MA)
Resident Evil: Damnation (MA)
Self/less [2015] (iTunes/ports)
Sonic The Hedgehog (Vudu HD or iTunes 4K)
Spell [2020] (Vudu HD or iTunes 4K)
Venom: Let There Be Carnage (MA + Sony points)
Victoria & Abdul [2017] (MA)
Walking Dead season 4, The (Vudu)
Walking Dead, season 6, The (Vudu)
Walking Dead season 9, The (Vudu or Google Play) or both for $8
Yesterday [2019] (MA)

🦝

💲2️⃣ HD

13 Hours: The Secret Soldiers Of Benghazi (iTunes 4K)
31 [2016] (Vudu)
21 Bridges (iTunes 4K)
2 Guns [2013] (iTunes/ports 4K)
3 From Hell [Unrated] (Vudu 4K or iTunes 4K)
About Last Night [2014] (MA + Sony points)
Abraham Lincoln: Vampire Hunter (MA)
Admission [2013] (iTunes/ports)
Adventures Of Tintin, The (Vudu)
Alien Covenant (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA/GP)
Aloha [2015] (MA + Sony points)
Alpha [2018] (MA + Sony points)
Alpha & Omega 2: A Howl-lday Adventure (Vudu)
Amazing Spider-Man 2, The [2014] (MA + Sony points)
American Girl: Isabelle Dances Into The Spotlight (MA)
American Hustle [2013] (MA + Sony points)
American Made [2017] (MA)
American Underdog [2021] (iTunes 4K or Vudu/GP HD)
Arrival [2016] (Vudu)
Assassination Nation [2018] (MA)
Assassin's Creed (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA)
Avengers: Endgame (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA + 150 points) PENDING
Bad Words [2014] (MA or iTunes/ports)
Battleship [2012] (iTunes/ports 4K)
Beauty & The Beast [1991] (MA only/no points & no iTunes option)
Beauty & The Beast [2017] (MA + 150 points/iTunes option is expired)
Before I Go To Sleep (MA or Google Play/ports)
Beirut [2018] (MA)
Ben-Hur [2016] (Vudu)
Best Man Holiday, The [2013] (MA or iTunes/ports)
Big Eyes (Vudu)
Birds, The [1963] (MA)
Bohemian Rhapsody (MA or Google Play/ports)
Book Club (iTunes 4K or Vudu HD)
Boss Baby, The [2017] (MA)
Bourne Identity, The (MA)
Bourne Legacy, The (iTunes/ports 4K)
Breakthrough [2019] (MA or Google Play/ports)
Bridesmaids [Theatrical] (iTunes/ports)
Bumblebee (Vudu)
Bye Bye Man, The [Unrated] (iTunes/ports)
Cabin In The Woods, The (Vudu/GP HD or iTunes 4K)
Captain Phillips [2013] (MA + Sony points)
Case For Christ, The [2017] (iTunes/ports)
Celebrating Mickey (MA without points)
Choice, The [2016] (Vudu, iTunes or Google Play)
Code Of Honor [2016] (Vudu)
Contraband (iTunes/ports)
Criminal [2016] (iTunes 4K or Vudu HD)
Croods, The [2013] (MA)
Counselor, The [2013] [Theatrical] (MA or Google Play/ports)
Daddy's Home 2 (Vudu)
Dawn Of The Planet Of The Apes (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA)
Dead In Tombstone [Unrated] (MA or iTunes/ports)
Dead Man Down [2013] (MA)
Despicable Me 2 (iTunes/ports 4K)
Dirty Grandpa [Theatrical & Unrated] (Vudu)
Divergent Series: Allegiant, The (iTunes 4K or Google Play HD)
Django Unchained (Vudu)
Downton Abbey [2019] (MA)
Dracula Untold (iTunes/ports 4K)
Dragonheart 3: The Sorcerer's Curse (iTunes/ports)
Dredd (Vudu)
Dying Of The Light (Vudu)
Elysium (MA + Sony points)
Endless Love [2014] (iTunes/ports)
Epic [2013] (MA)
Escape From Planet Earth (Vudu)
Ex Machina (Vudu)
Fate Of The Furious [F8] [Theatrical] (MA)
Fences [2016] (Vudu)
Fifty Shades Freed [Theatrical] (MA)
Finding Dory (iTunes/ports + 150 points)
First Purge, The [2018] (MA)
Flight [2012] (Vudu)
Footloose [2011] (Vudu or iTunes)
Forest, The [2016] (iTunes/ports)
Free State Of Jones (iTunes))
Frozen [2013] (iTunes/ports 4K+ 150 points)
Fury [2014] (MA + Sony points)
Future World (Vudu)
Ghost In The Shell [2017] (iTunes 4K or Vudu HD)
Gifted [2017] (MA or Google Play/ports/iTunes option is expired)
God Bless The Broken Road (Vudu or Google Play)
Gods Of Egypt (Vudu/GP HD or iTunes 4K)
Good Kill [2015] (iTunes)
Grace Unplugged (Vudu)
Greatest Showman, The (MA)
Grey, The [2012] (MA or iTunes/ports)
Guardians Of The Galaxy Vol. 2 (MA + 150 points/no iTunes option)
Guilt Trip, The [2012] (Vudu or iTunes)
Hacksaw Ridge (Vudu or Google Play/iTunes option expired)
Hateful Eight, The (Vudu or Google Play)
Hellboy [2019] (Vudu/GP HD or iTunes 4K)
Hell Or High Water (iTunes 4K or Vudu/Google Play HD)
Hercules [2014] (iTunes 4K or Vudu HD)
Hitman's Bodyguard, The (Vudu or Google Play/iTunes option is expired)
Hobbs & Shaw (MA)
Home [2015] [DreamWorks] (MA)
Homefront [2013] (MA or iTunes/ports)
Honey 2 [2011] (MA or iTunes/ports)
How To Train Your Dragon 2 (MA)
Hugo (Vudu)
Hunger Games: Mockingjay Part 1, The (iTunes 4K or Google Play HD)
Hunger Games: Mockingjay Part 2, The (iTunes 4K or Vudu/ HD)
Ides Of March, The [2011] (MA)
Inside Out [2015] (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA + 150 points)
Instant Family (Vudu)
Interstellar (Vudu or Google Play)
Iron Man 3 (iTunes/ports + 150 points)
Jackass 3 [Theatrical] (Vudu or iTunes)
Jack Reacher: Never Go Back (iTunes 4K or Vudu HD)
Jack Ryan: Shadow Recruit (iTunes 4K)
Jarhead 3: The Siege [Unrated] (MA)
Jason Bourne (iTunes/ports 4K)
Jessabelle [2014] (Vudu)
John Henry [2020] (Vudu)
John Wick (iTunes 4K)
John Wick: Chapter 2 (iTunes 4K)
John Wick Chapter 3: Parabellum (iTunes 4K) or all 3 for $5
Joy [2015] (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA)
Jumanji: Welcome To The Jungle (MA + Sony points)
Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom (MA)
Justice [2017] (MA or iTunes/ports)
Kick-Ass 2 (MA)
Kidnap [2017] (MA or iTunes/ports)
Killer Elite (iTunes/ports)
Kingsman: The Golden Circle (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA)
Kingsman: The Secret Service (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA)
Labor Day (Vudu)
Last Witch Hunter, The (Vudu/GP HD or iTunes 4K)
Leprechaun: Origins (Vudu)
Leprechaun Returns (Vudu or Google Play)
Life [2017] (MA + Sony point)
Logan [2017] (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA)
Longest Ride, The (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA)
Looper [2012] (MA + Sony points)
Love, Simon [2018] (MA)
Lucy (iTunes/ports 4K)
Madagascar 3: Europe's Most Wanted (MA)
Maleficent (iTunes/ports 4K + 150 points)
Mamma Mia!: Here We Go Again (MA)
Marauders (Vudu)
Marine 4: Moving Target, The (MA or Google Play/ports)
Mechanic: Resurrection (Vudu/GP HD or iTunes 4K)
Million Dollar Arm [2014] (Google Play/ports)
Million Ways To Die In The West, A [Unrated] (iTunes/ports)
Mindgamers [2017] (MA or iTunes/ports)
Miracles From Heaven (MA + Sony points)
Mission: Impossible 3 (Vudu)
Mission Impossible: Ghost Protocol (iTunes 4K)
Mission Impossible: Rogue Nation (iTunes 4K)
Moana (iTunes/ports 4K without points)
Monuments Men, The (MA + Sony points)
Mortal Engines [2018] (MA)
Mortal Instruments: The City Of Bones, The [2014] (MA + Sony points)
Mud [2013] (Vudu, iTunes or Google Play)
Murder On The Orient Express [2017] (MA or Google Play/ports)
My All American [2015] (MA)
Nebraska (Vudu)
Night At The Museum: Secret Of The Tomb (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA)
Noah [2014] (Vudu)
Nobody's Fool [2018] (iTunes 4K)
Non-Stop [2014] (MA or iTunes/ports)
Norm Of The North (Vudu or iTunes)
Now You See Me 2 (iTunes 4K or Vudu/GP HD)
Overlord [2018] (Vudu)
Paddington (Vudu)
Paranormal Activity [2009] [Theatrical] (Vudu)
Paranormal Activity 2 [Unrated Director's Cut] (Vudu or iTunes)
Paranormal Activity 3 [Extended] (Vudu or iTunes)
Paranormal Activity: The Marked Ones [Theatrical] (Vudu)
Passengers [2016] (MA + Sony points)
Paul [2011] [Unrated] (iTunes/ports)
Pitch Perfect (iTunes/ports 4K)
Psycho [1960] (MA)
Purge: Anarchy, The (iTunes/ports 4K)
Quiet Place, A [2018] (iTunes 4K)
Rango (Vudu)
Redemption [2013] (Vudu)
Reprisal [2018] (Vudu)
Resurrection Of Gavin Stone, The (iTunes/ports)
Riddick [Unrated] (MA or iTunes/ports)
Ride Along 2 (MA or iTunes/ports)
Riot [2016] (MA)
R.I.P.D. Rest In Peace Department (iTunes/ports 4K)
Risen [2016] (MA + Sony points)
Rock Dog (iTunes)
Rush [2013] (iTunes/ports)
Saban's Power Rangers (iTunes 4K or Vudu/GP HD)
Safe House [2012] (MA or iTunes/ports)
Savages [2012] [Theatrical] (iTunes/ports)
Scott Pilgrim vs The World (MA)
Secret Life Of Pets, The (MA 4K or iTunes/ports 4K)
Secret Life Of Walter Mitty, The (MA or Google Play/ports, iTunes option is expired)
Seventh Son [2015] (iTunes/ports) PENDING
Shack, The [2017] (Vudu, iTunes or Google Play)
Sherlock Gnomes (Vudu)
Show Dogs [2018] (MA)
Sicario (iTunes 4K or Vudu HD)
Side Effects [2013] (iTunes/ports)
Sinister (Vudu, iTunes or Google Play)
Skyscraper [2018] (MA)
Snow White & The Huntsman [Extended] (iTunes/ports 4K)
Southpaw (Vudu)
Sparkle [2012] (MA)
Spider-Man 2 [2004] [Theatrical & Extended] (MA + Sony points)
Spider-Man: No Way Home [2021] (MA + Sony points)
Star Trek [2009] (iTunes 4K)
Star Trek: Beyond (iTunes 4K)
Star Wars: The Force Awakens (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA + 150 points)
Star Wars: The Last Jedi (MA 4K without points)
Step Up Revolution (Vudu or Google Play)
Straight Outta Compton [Unrated] (iTunes/ports 4K)
Star Wars: The Last Jedi (iTunes/ports + 150 points)
Super 8 (iTunes 4K or Vudu HD)
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out Of The Shadows (iTunes 4K)
Terminator: Genisys (iTunes 4K)
Texas Chainsaw [2013] (iTunes)
Theory Of Everything, The (iTunes/ports)
Think Like A Man (MA + Sony points)
Three Billboards Outside Of Ebbing, Missouri (MA or Google Play/ports)
Top Gun (Vudu)
Tower Heist (iTunes/ports)
Tracers [2015] (Vudu)
Transformers: Dark Of The Moon (iTunes 4K)
Tremors: A Cold Day In Hell (MA)
Tyler Perry's A Madea Family Funeral (Vudu, iTunes or Google Play)
Underworld: Awakening (MA + Sony points)
Underworld: Blood Wars (MA + Sony points)
Vendetta [2016] (Vudu)
Venom [2018] (MA + Sony points)
Walk Among The Tombstones, A (iTunes/ports)
Walking With Dinosaurs: The Movie (MA, iTunes or Google Play/ports)
Warcraft [2016] (iTunes/ports 4K)
War Room [2015] (MA + Sony points)
White House Down [2013] (MA + Sony points)
Wolf Man, The [1941] (MA)
Woman In Black, The [2012] (MA)
Wonder [2017] (Vudu/GP HD or iTunes 4K)
Wonder Park [2019] (iTunes 4K or Vudu HD)
Woodlawn [2015] (iTunes/ports)
X-Men: Apocalypse (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA)
Zootopia (MA without points)

🦝

💲2️⃣ SD

Beasts Of The Southern Wild (iTunes/ports)
Big Year, The [2011] [Theatrical] (iTunes/ports)
Date Night [Unrated Extended Edition] (iTunes/ports)
Marley & Me (iTunes/ports)
Water For Elephants (iTunes/ports)

🦝

$1 Codes

💲1️⃣ HD

Alex Cross (Vudu)
Bad Grandpa [Theatrical] (Vudu or iTunes)
Bad Moms (MA or iTunes/ports)
Big Hero 6 (Google Play/ports)
Bourne Legacy, The (MA)
Deadpool (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA/GP)
Despicable Me 2 (MA)
Divergent (iTunes 4K or Vudu HD)
Divergent Series: Insurgent, The (iTunes 4K or Google Play HD)
Dracula Untold (MA)
Expendables 2, The (iTunes 4K or Vudu/GP HD)
Expendables 3, The [Theatrical] (iTunes 4K)
Fast & Furious 6, The [Extended] (iTunes/ports 4K)
Fast & The Furious, The [1] [2001] (MA)
Fast Five [Extended] (MA)
Fate Of The Furious, The [8] [Theatrical & Extended] (MA)
Fifty Shades of Grey [Unrated] (MA)
Furious 7 [Extended] (iTunes/ports 4K)
G.I. Joe: Retaliation (Vudu)
Girls Trip [2017] (iTunes/ports)
Good Day To Die Hard, A [2012] [Extended Unrated] (MA)
Hidden Figures (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA)
Hunger Games, The (iTunes 4K)
Hunger Games: Mockingjay Part 1, The (Vudu)
I, Frankenstein (Vudu, iTunes or Google Play)
Inside Out [2015] (Google Play/ports)
Jack Ryan: Shadow Recruit (Vudu)
Jason Bourne (MA)
Jurassic World (iTunes/ports 4K)
Lucy (MA)
Maggie [2015] (Vudu)
Minions (MA)
Mission Impossible: Ghost Protocol (Vudu)
Mission Impossible: Rogue Nation (Vudu) or both for $1.50
Now You See Me [Extended] (Vudu, iTunes or Google Play)
Parental Guidance [2012] (MA)
Perks Of Being A Wallflower, The (Vudu or Google Play)
Purge, The [2013] (MA)
Purge: Election Year, The (MA)
Quiet Place, A [2018] (Vudu)
Red 2 (Vudu)
Safe [2012] (Vudu, iTunes or Google Play)
Selma (iTunes)
Sing [2016] (MA)
Snitch (iTunes 4K or Google Play HD)
Snow White & The Huntsman [Extended] (MA)
Star Trek Beyond (Vudu)
Taken 2 (MA or Google Play/ports)
Terminator: Genisys (Vudu)
Transformers: Age Of Extinction (iTunes 4K or Vudu HD)
Transformers: Dark Of The Moon (Vudu)
Tyler Perry's Madea's Witness Protection (iTunes)
Tyler Perry's Temptation: Confessions Of A Marriage Counselor (Vudu or Google Play)
Unbroken [2014] (MA or iTunes/ports)
World War Z (Vudu)
Zootopia (Google Play/ports)

🦝

💲1️⃣ SD

21 Jump Street (MA + Sony points)
After Earth [2013] (MA + Sony points)
Aloha [2015] (MA + Sony points)
Alpha [2018] (MA + Sony points)
Amazing Spider-Man 2, The [2014] (MA + Sony points)
American Hustle [2013] (MA + Sony points)
Annie [2014] (MA + Sony points)
Arthur Christmas [2011] (MA + Sony points)
A-Team, The [2010] [Theatrical] (iTunes/ports)
Blood Father (Vudu)
Brooklyn's Finest (iTunes)
Captain Phillips (MA + Sony points)
Charlie's Angels [2019] (MA + Sony points)
Concussion [2015] (MA + Sony points)
Day The Earth Stood Still, The [2008] (iTunes/ports)
Dog's Way Home, A [2019] (MA + Sony points)
Duel, The [2016] (Vudu)
Equalizer, The [2014] (MA + Sony points)
Equalizer 2, The (MA + Sony points)
Family, The [2013] (iTunes)
Green Zone (iTunes/ports)
Grown Ups 2 (MA + Sony points)
Hotel Transylvania [2012] (MA + Sony points)
Hotel Transylvania 3 (MA + Sony points)
Hours [2013] (Vudu)
Ice Age: Dawn Of The Dinosaurs (iTunes/ports)
Immortals [2011] (iTunes)
Insidious: The Last Key (MA + Sony points)
Judy Moody & The Not Bummer Summer (iTunes)
Kick-Ass [2010] (iTunes)
Limitless (iTunes)
Machete (iTunes/ports)
Mortal Instruments: The City Of Bones (MA + Sony points)
Much Ado About Nothing [2013] (Vudu)
My Bloody Valentine [2009] (iTunes)
Nerve (Vudu)
Next Three Days, The (iTunes)
No Good Deed [2014] (MA + Sony points)
Once Upon A Time In…Hollywood [2019] (MA + Sony points)
Perfect Guy, The [2015] (MA + Sony points)
Public Enemies (iTunes/ports)
Robin Hood [2010] [Unrated] (iTunes/ports)
Safe Haven (iTunes)
Season Of The Witch [2011] (iTunes)
Sparkle [2012] (MA)
Spider-Man: Across The Spiderverse (MA + Sony points)
Spider-Man: Into The Spiderverse (MA + Sony points)
Star, The [2017] (MA + Sony points)
Superfly [2018] (MA + Sony points)
Taken [2009] [Extended Cut] (iTunes/ports)
Venom: Let There Be Carnage (MA + Sony points)
Wedding Ringer, The [2015] (MA + Sony points)
When The Bough Breaks (MA + Sony points)

🦝

Super Cheap SD & HD Codes

All movies are 3 for $1 each/must spend at least $1 on total order.
Cabin In The Woods, The (Vudu SD only or iTunes SD only)
Diary Of A Wimpy Kid 3: Dog Days (iTunes/ports SD)
Dirty Grandpa (Vudu SD only)
Expendables 2, The (Vudu SD only or iTunes SD only)
Expendables 3, The [Unrated] (iTunes HD only)
Fast Five [Extended] (iTunes/ports HD)
Furious 7 [Extended] (MA ports HD)
Good Day To Die Hard, A [2012] (iTunes/ports SD)
Hunger Games, The (Vudu SD or iTunes SD only)
Hunger Games: Catching Fire, The (Vudu HD only)
John Wick 3 (Google Play HD only)
Jurassic World (MA ports HD)
Life Of Pi (iTunes/ports SD)
Lost World: Jurassic Park, The (iTunes/ports SD)
Parental Guidance (iTunes/ports SD)
Perks Of Being A Wallflower, The (iTunes SD only)
Skyfall (iTunes SD only)
Star Trek: Into Darkness (Vudu HD only)
Star Wars: The Force Awakens (Google Play/ports HD)
submitted by mthw704 to DigitalCodeSELL [link] [comments]


2024.04.02 22:44 mthw704 (SELLING) BIG LIST OF 4K/HD/SD CODES. Lots of titles added this week. Newer & older releases plus a great $2 list. Over 5,000 transactions.

The Big List
Prices are firm. Please only redeem the portion of a code you are paying for. All codes are for immediate redemption. All Disney & Sony codes include points unless otherwise noted. As of 4/01/2024 all Google Play options have been removed from Disney codes.
I accept Cashapp, Venmo, Zelle & PayPal F&F. Comment & pm if interested. Thanks!

🦝

MISC

Guardians Of The Galaxy Vol.3 4K $6 (MA + 200 points)
The Help SD [2011] $3 (iTunes/ports)
Insidious 1-3 SD $3 (MA)
X-Men Trilogy HD [X-Men, X2 & The Last Stand] $9 (MA)

🦝

$5 4K UHD

Hunger Games: The Ballad Of Songbirds & Snakes (Vudu or iTunes)
John Wick 1-3 (iTunes)
Last Duel, The [2021 (MA + 200 points)
Mission Impossible: Dead Reckoning Part One (iTunes)
Silent Night [2023] (Vudu or iTunes)

🦝

$4 4K UHD

Aladdin [2019] (MA + 200 points)
Alien [1979] (iTunes/ports)
Dredd (Vudu or iTunes)
Everything Everywhere All At Once (Vudu)
Halloween [2018] (MA)
Hobbs & Shaw (MA)
Scott Pilgrim vs The World (iTunes/ports)
Scream [2022] (Vudu or iTunes)
Solo (MA + 200 points)
Spider-Man: No Way Home [2021] (MA + Sony points)
Tangled [2010] (iTunes/ports + 150 points)
Warrior [2011] (iTunes)

🦝

$5 HD

Better Call Saul season 1 (Vudu)
Creator, The [2023] (MA + 150 points)
Elemental [2023] (MA + 150 points)
Fast & Furious 8-Movie Collection [1-Fate] (MA)
Lady & The Tramp II: Scamps Adventure (MA + 150 points)
Little Mermaid II: Return To The Sea (MA + 150 points)
Little Mermaid III: Ariel's Beginning (MA + 150 points)
Marvels, The [2023] (MA + 150 points)
Megamind [2010] (MA)
Rob Zombie Trilogy [House of 1,000 Corpses, The Devil's Rejects [Unrated] & 3 From Hell [Unrated] (Vudu)

🦝

$4 HD

Ant-Man & The Wasp: Quantumania (MA + 150 points)
Dope [2015] (iTunes/ports)
Drop, The [2014] (MA or Google Play/ports)
Guardians Of The Galaxy Vol.3 (MA + 150 points)
Hunger Games 4 Film Collection [Hunger Games, Catching Fire, Mockingjay 1 & 2] (Vudu or Google Play)
Indiana Jones & The Dial Of Destiny (MA + 150 points)
Lady & The Tramp [1955] (MA + 150 points)
Little House On The Prairie season 2 (Vudu)
Marley & Me (MA or Google Play/ports)
Menu, The [2022] (MA)
Peter Pan [1953] (MA + 150 points)
Sleeping Beauty [1959] (MA + 150 points)

🦝

$3️⃣ Movies

$3 4K UHD

47 Meters Down: Uncaged (Vudu or iTunes)
Coco (iTunes/ports + 150 points)
Despicable Me 3 (iTunes/ports)
Get Out (iTunes/ports)
G.I. Joe: Retaliation (Vudu)
Incredibles 2, The (iTunes/ports + 150 points)
Invisible Man, The [1933] (iTunes/ports)
Lost World: Jurassic Park, The (iTunes/ports)
Mission: Impossible 3 (iTunes)
Prometheus (iTunes/ports)
Psycho [1960] (iTunes/ports)
Sicario (Vudu)
Top Gun (iTunes)
Wolf Man, The [1941] (iTunes/ports)
Zootopia (iTunes/ports + 150 points)

🦝

$3 HD

About Time [2013] (MA)
Ad Astra (MA)
Alien3 [Theatrical] (MA, iTunes or Google Play/ports)
Alien Resurrection (MA, iTunes or Google Play/ports)
A Quiet Place Part II (Vudu HD or iTunes 4K)
Baby Driver [2017] (MA + Sony points)
Beautiful Day In The Neighborhood, A [2019] (MA + Sony points)
Bedknobs & Broomsticks [1971] (Google Play/ports)
BFG, The [2016] (MA + 150 points)
Blacklist season 2 (Vudu)
Call Me By Your Name (MA + Sony points)
Candyman: Day Of The Dead (Vudu or Google Play)
Chronicles Of Riddick, The [Unrated Director's Cut] (MA or iTunes/ports)
Cocaine Bear (MA)
Company Of Heroes [2013] (MA)
Don't Be Afraid Of The Dark [2011] (MA + Sony points)
Equalizer 2, The (MA + Sony points)
Expendables 1-3, The (Vudu)
Fluffy Movie, The (iTunes/ports)
Fortress [2021] (Vudu or Google Play)
Ghostbusters [1984] (MA + Sony points)
Ghostbusters II [1989] (MA + Sony points) or both for $5
Ghost Rider: Spirit Of Vengeance (MA + Sony points)
Glass [2019] (MA)
Hotel Transylvania 2 (MA + 150 points)
Hunt, The [2019] (MA)
Jesus Music, The [2021] (Vudu, iTunes or Google Play)
King's Man, The [2021] (MA)
Knock At The Cabin [2023] (MA)
League Of Their Own, A [1992] (MA + Sony points)
Legends Of Oz: Dorothy's Return (MA or Google Play/ports)
Lion King, The [1994] (MA + 150 points/no iTunes option)
London Has Fallen (iTunes/ports)
Lone Ranger, The [2013] (MA + 150 points)
Manchester By The Sea (Vudu or Google Play/iTunes option is expired)
Mindcage (Vudu or iTunes)
Moonlight [A24] (Vudu)
Morbius (MA + Sony points)
Next Three Days, The (Vudu)
New Mutants, The [2020] (MA + 150 points)
Only The Brave [2017] (MA + Sony points)
Pitch Black [2000] [Unrated] Director's Cut] (MA or iTunes/ports)
Pixar Short Films Collection Volume 3 [2018] (MA + 150 points)
Priceless [2016] (iTunes/ports)
Self/less [2015] (iTunes/ports)
Sonic The Hedgehog (Vudu HD or iTunes 4K)
Snowden [2016] (MA)
Spell [2020] (Vudu HD or iTunes 4K)
Tomorrowland [2015] (MA + 150 points)
Vanguard [2021] (Vudu, iTunes or Google Play)
Venom: Let There Be Carnage (MA + Sony points)
Venture Bros. Radiant Is The Blood Of The Baboon Heart, The [2023] (MA)
Walking Dead season 4, The (Vudu)
Walking Dead season 9, The (Vudu or Google Play) or both for $5
Yesterday [2019] (MA)

🦝

💲2️⃣ HD

101 Dalmatians [1961] (Google Play/ports)
13 Hours: The Secret Soldiers Of Benghazi (iTunes 4K)
1917 [2019] (MA)
22 Jump Street (MA + Sony points)
31 [2016] (Vudu)
3 From Hell [Unrated] (Vudu 4K or iTunes 4K)
47 Meters Down (iTunes)
5th Wave, The [2016] (MA + Sony points)
About Last Night [2014] (MA + Sony points)
Abraham Lincoln: Vampire Hunter (MA)
Admission [2013] (iTunes/ports)
Adventures Of Tintin, The (Vudu or iTunes)
Alien Covenant (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA/GP)
Aloha [2015] (MA + Sony points)
Alpha [2018] (MA + Sony points)
Alpha & Omega 2: A Howl-lday Adventure (Vudu)
Amazing Spider-Man, The [2012] (MA)
Amazing Spider-Man 2, The [2014] (MA + Sony points)
American Girl: Isabelle Dances Into The Spotlight (MA)
American Hustle [2013] (MA + Sony points)
American Underdog [2021] (iTunes 4K or Vudu/GP HD)
Ant Man & The Wasp (MA + 150 points/no iTunes option)
Apollo 13 (MA)
Arrival [2016] (iTunes 4K)
Assassination Nation [2018] (MA)
Assassin's Creed (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA)
Avengers: Endgame (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA + 150 points)
Bad Words [2014] (MA or iTunes/ports)
Battleship [2012] (iTunes/ports 4K)
Beauty & The Beast [2017] (MA + 150 points/iTunes option is expired)
Before I Go To Sleep (MA or Google Play/ports)
Ben-Hur [2016] (Vudu)
Best Man Holiday, The [2013] (MA or iTunes/ports)
Big Eyes (Vudu)
Birds, The [1963] (MA)
Birth Of A Nation, The [2016] (MA redeem only/no iTunes option)
Bohemian Rhapsody (MA or Google Play/ports)
Book Club (iTunes 4K or Vudu HD)
Boss Baby, The [2017] (MA)
Bourne Identity, The (MA)
Bourne Legacy, The (iTunes/ports 4K)
Breakthrough [2019] (MA or Google Play/ports)
Bridesmaids [Theatrical] (iTunes/ports)
Bumblebee (Vudu)
Bye Bye Man, The [Unrated] (iTunes/ports)
Cabin In The Woods, The (Vudu/GP HD or iTunes 4K)
Case For Christ, The [2017] (iTunes/ports)
Casino [1995] (MA)
Celebrating Mickey (MA without points)
Choice, The [2016] (Vudu, iTunes or Google Play)
Code Of Honor [2016] (Vudu)
Contraband (iTunes/ports)
Cowboys & Aliens [Theatrical] (iTunes/ports)
Croods, The [2013] (MA)
Daddy's Home 2 (iTunes 4K or Vudu HD)
Dallas Buyers Club (iTunes/ports)
Dawn Of The Planet Of The Apes (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA)
Dead In Tombstone [Unrated] (MA or iTunes/ports)
Deepwater Horizon (iTunes 4K)
Despicable Me 2 (iTunes/ports 4K)
Despicable Me 3 (MA)
Devil's Due (MA or Google Play/ports)
Divergent Series: Allegiant, The (iTunes 4K or Google Play HD)
Django Unchained (Vudu)
Downton Abbey [2019] (MA)
Dracula Untold (iTunes/ports 4K)
Dragonheart 3: The Sorcerer's Curse (iTunes/ports)
Dredd (Vudu)
Dying Of The Light (Vudu)
Elysium (MA + Sony points)
Endless Love [2014] (iTunes/ports)
Epic [2013] (MA)
Equalizer, The [2014] (MA + Sony points)
Escape From Planet Earth (Vudu)
Ex Machina (Vudu)
Exodus: Gods & Kings (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA)
Fate Of The Furious [F8] [Theatrical] (MA)
Fences [2016] (Vudu)
Fifty Shades Freed [Theatrical] (MA)
Fighting With My Family (iTunes)
Finding Dory (iTunes/ports + 150 points)
First Purge, The [2018] (MA)
Flight [2012] (Vudu)
Footloose [2011] (Vudu or iTunes)
Forest, The [2016] (iTunes/ports)
Free State Of Jones (iTunes))
Frozen [2013] (iTunes/ports 4K+ 150 points)
Fury [2014] (MA + Sony points)
Future World (Vudu)
Game Of Thrones season 5 (iTunes) PENDING
Game Of Thrones season 6 (iTunes) PENDING
Ghost In The Shell [2017] (iTunes 4K or Vudu HD)
Gifted [2017] (MA or Google Play/ports/iTunes option is expired)
G.I. Joe: Retaliation (iTunes 4K)
God Bless The Broken Road (Vudu or Google Play)
Gods Of Egypt (Vudu/GP HD or iTunes 4K)
Good Kill [2015] (iTunes)
Grace Unplugged (Vudu)
Greatest Showman, The (MA)
Grey, The [2012] (MA or iTunes/ports)
Guardians Of The Galaxy Vol. 2 (MA + 150 points/no iTunes option)
Guilt Trip, The [2012] (Vudu or iTunes)
Hacksaw Ridge (Vudu or Google Play/iTunes option expired)
Hateful Eight, The (Vudu or Google Play)
Hellboy [2019] (iTunes 4K or Vudu/GP HD)
Hell Or High Water (Vudu or Google Play)
Hercules [2014] (iTunes 4K or Vudu HD)
Hitman's Bodyguard, The (Vudu or Google Play/iTunes option is expired)
Home [2015] [DreamWorks] (MA)
Home Alone 2: Lost In New York (MA, iTunes or Google Play/ports)
Homefront [2013] (MA or iTunes/ports)
Honey 2 [2011] (MA or iTunes/ports)
How To Train Your Dragon 2 (MA)
How To Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World [2019] (MA)
Hugo (Vudu)
Hunger Games: Mockingjay Part 1, The (iTunes 4K or Google Play HD)
Hunger Games: Mockingjay Part 2, The (iTunes 4K or Vudu/GP HD)
Ice Age: Continental Drift (MA)
Ides Of March, The [2011] (MA)
Inside Out [2015] (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA + 150 points)
Instant Family (Vudu)
Interstellar (Vudu or Google Play)
Iron Man 3 (iTunes/ports + 150 points)
Jackass 3 [Theatrical] (Vudu or iTunes)
Jack Reacher: Never Go Back (iTunes 4K or Vudu HD)
Jack Ryan: Shadow Recruit (iTunes 4K)
Jarhead 3: The Siege [Unrated] (MA)
Jason Bourne (iTunes/ports 4K)
Jessabelle [2014] (Vudu)
John Henry [2020] (Vudu)
John Wick (iTunes 4K)
John Wick 1 & 2 (Vudu or Google Play)
John Wick: Chapter 2 (iTunes 4K)
John Wick Chapter 3: Parabellum (iTunes 4K) or all 3 for $5
Joy [2015] (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA)
Jumanji: Welcome To The Jungle (MA + Sony points)
Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom (MA)
Justice [2017] (MA or iTunes/ports)
Kick-Ass 2 (MA)
Kidnap [2017] (MA or iTunes/ports)
Killer Elite (iTunes/ports)
Kingsman: The Golden Circle (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA)
Kingsman: The Secret Service (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA)
Labor Day (Vudu)
Last Witch Hunter, The (Vudu/GP HD or iTunes 4K)
Leprechaun: Origins (Vudu)
Leprechaun Returns (Vudu or Google Play)
Life [2017] (MA + Sony point)
Logan [2017] (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA)
Logan Lucky [2017] (MA)
Longest Ride, The (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA)
Looper [2012] (MA + Sony points)
Lorax, The [2012] (MA or iTunes/ports)
Love, Simon [2018] (MA)
Lucy (iTunes/ports 4K)
Maleficent (iTunes/ports 4K + 150 points)
Mamma Mia!: Here We Go Again (MA)
Marauders (Vudu)
Marine 4: Moving Target, The (MA or Google Play/ports)
Martian, The [2015] [Theatrical] (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA)
Mechanic: Resurrection (Vudu/GP HD or iTunes 4K)
Mile 22 [2018] (iTunes 4K)
Million Dollar Arm [2014] (Google Play/ports)
Million Ways To Die In The West, A [Unrated] (iTunes/ports)
Mindgamers [2017] (MA or iTunes/ports)
Minions (iTunes/ports 4K)
Miracles From Heaven (MA + Sony points)
Mission Impossible: Ghost Protocol (iTunes 4K)
Mission Impossible: Rogue Nation (iTunes 4K)
Moana (iTunes/ports 4K without points)
Monuments Men, The (MA + Sony points)
Mortal Engines [2018] (MA)
Mortal Instruments: The City Of Bones, The [2014] (MA + Sony points)
Mud [2013] (Vudu, iTunes or Google Play)
Murder On The Orient Express [2017] (MA or Google Play/ports)
My All American [2015] (MA)
Nebraska (Vudu)
Night At The Museum: Secret Of The Tomb (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA)
Noah [2014] (Vudu)
Nobody's Fool [2018] (iTunes 4K)
Non-Stop [2014] (MA or iTunes/ports)
Norm Of The North (Vudu or iTunes)
Now You See Me 2 (iTunes 4K or Vudu/GP HD)
Overlord [2018] (iTunes 4K or Vudu HD)
Paddington (Vudu)
Paranormal Activity [2009] [Theatrical] (Vudu)
Paranormal Activity 2 [Unrated Director's Cut] (Vudu or iTunes)
Paranormal Activity 3 [Extended] (Vudu or iTunes)
Paranormal Activity: The Marked Ones [Theatrical] (Vudu or iTunes)
Passengers [2016] (MA + Sony points)
Patriots Day (Vudu or Google Play/ iTunes option is expired)
Pitch Perfect (iTunes/ports 4K)
Purge: Anarchy, The (iTunes/ports 4K)
Purge: Election Year, The (iTunes/ports 4K)
Quiet Place, A [2018] (iTunes 4K)
Rambo: Last Blood (Vudu 4K or iTunes 4K)
Rango (Vudu)
Redemption [2013] (Vudu)
Reprisal [2018] (Vudu)
Resurrection Of Gavin Stone, The (iTunes/ports)
Riddick [Unrated] (MA or iTunes/ports)
Ride Along 2 (MA or iTunes/ports)
Rings [2017] (Vudu)
Riot [2016] (MA)
R.I.P.D. Rest In Peace Department (iTunes/ports 4K)
Risen [2016] (MA + Sony points)
Rock Dog (iTunes)
Rush [2013] (iTunes/ports)
Saban's Power Rangers (iTunes 4K or Vudu/GP HD)
Safe House [2012] (MA)
Savages [2012] [Theatrical] (iTunes/ports)
Secret Life Of Pets, The (MA 4K or iTunes/ports 4K)
Secret Life Of Walter Mitty, The (MA or Google Play/ports, iTunes option is expired)
See No Evil 2 (Vudu)
Seventh Son [2015] (iTunes/ports)
Shack, The [2017] (Vudu, iTunes or Google Play)
Sherlock Gnomes (Vudu)
Show Dogs [2018] (MA)
Sicario (iTunes 4K or Vudu HD)
Side Effects [2013] (iTunes/ports)
Sinister (Vudu, iTunes or Google Play)
Skyscraper [2018] (MA)
Snow White & The Huntsman [Extended] (iTunes/ports 4K)
Southpaw (Vudu)
Sparkle [2012] (MA)
Spider-Man 2 [2004] [Theatrical & Extended] (MA + Sony points)
Spider-Man: Far From Home (MA + Sony points)
Spider-Man: Homecoming (MA + Sony points)
Spider-Man: No Way Home [2021] (MA + Sony points)
Star Trek [2009] (iTunes 4K)
Star Trek: Beyond (iTunes 4K)
Star Wars: The Force Awakens (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA + 150 points)
Star Wars: The Last Jedi (MA 4K without points)
Step Up Revolution (Vudu or Google Play)
Straight Outta Compton [Unrated] (iTunes/ports 4K)
Star Wars: The Last Jedi (iTunes/ports + 150 points)
Super 8 (iTunes 4K)
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out Of The Shadows (iTunes 4K)
Terminator: Genisys (iTunes 4K)
Texas Chainsaw [2013] (iTunes)
Theory Of Everything, The (iTunes/ports)
Think Like A Man (MA + Sony points)
Three Billboards Outside Of Ebbing, Missouri (MA or Google Play/ports)
Top Gun (Vudu)
Total Recall [2012] [Theatrical & Extended Unrated] (MA + Sony points)
Tower Heist (iTunes/ports)
Tracers [2015] (Vudu)
Transformers [2007] (Vudu)
Transformers: Dark Of The Moon (iTunes 4K)
Tremors: A Cold Day In Hell (MA)
True Grit [2010] (Vudu)
Tyler Perry's A Madea Family Funeral (Vudu, iTunes or Google Play)
Underworld: Awakening (MA + Sony points)
Underworld: Blood Wars (MA + Sony points)
Vendetta [2016] (Vudu)
Venom [2018] (MA + Sony points)
Walking With Dinosaurs: The Movie (MA, iTunes or Google Play/ports)
Warcraft [2016] (iTunes/ports 4K)
War Room [2015] (MA + Sony points)
White House Down (MA + Sony points)
Wolf Of Wall Street, The (Vudu)
Woman In Black, The [2012] (MA)
Wonder [2017] (Vudu/GP HD or iTunes 4K)
Wonder Park [2019] (iTunes 4K or Vudu HD)
Woodlawn [2015] (iTunes/ports)
X-Men: Apocalypse (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA)
Z For Zachariah (Vudu)
Zootopia (MA without points)

🦝

💲2️⃣ SD

127 Hours (iTunes/ports)
Beasts Of The Southern Wild (iTunes/ports)
Black Swan (iTunes/ports)
Date Night [Unrated Extended Edition] (iTunes/ports)
Marley & Me (iTunes/ports)
Water For Elephants (iTunes/ports)

🦝

$1 Codes

💲1️⃣ HD

12 Rounds 2: Reloaded [2013] (MA)
Alex Cross (Vudu)
Bad Grandpa [Theatrical] (Vudu or iTunes)
Bad Moms (MA or iTunes/ports)
Battleship (MA)
Big Hero 6 (Google Play/ports)
Bourne Legacy, The (MA)
Deadpool (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA/GP)
Despicable Me 2 (MA)
Divergent (iTunes 4K or Vudu/GP HD)
Divergent Series: Insurgent, The (iTunes 4K)
Dracula Untold (MA)
Expendables 2, The (iTunes 4K or Vudu/GP HD)
Expendables 3, The [Theatrical] (iTunes 4K)
Fast & Furious 6, The [Extended] (iTunes/ports 4K)
Fast & The Furious, The [1] [2001] (MA)
Fast Five [Extended] (MA)
Fate Of The Furious, The [8] [Theatrical & Extended] (MA)
Fifty Shades of Grey [Unrated] (MA)
Furious 7 [Extended] (iTunes/ports 4K)
G.I. Joe: Retaliation (Vudu)
Girls Trip [2017] (iTunes/ports)
Hidden Figures (iTunes/ports 4K or HD MA)
Hunger Games, The (iTunes 4K)
Hunger Games: Mockingjay Part 1, The (Vudu)
Huntsman: Winter's War, The [Extended] (MA)
I, Frankenstein (Vudu, iTunes or Google Play)
Inside Out [2015] (Google Play/ports)
Jack Ryan: Shadow Recruit (Vudu)
Jason Bourne (MA)
Jurassic World (iTunes/ports 4K)
Lucy (MA)
Maggie [2015] (Vudu)
Mission Impossible: Ghost Protocol (Vudu)
Mission Impossible: Rogue Nation (Vudu) or both for $1.50
Now You See Me [Extended] (Vudu, iTunes or Google Play)
Parental Guidance [2012] (MA)
Perks Of Being A Wallflower, The (Vudu or Google Play)
Purge, The [2013] (MA)
Quiet Place, A [2018] (Vudu)
Red 2 (Vudu)
Safe [2012] (Vudu, iTunes or Google Play)
Secret Life Of Pets, The (MA)
Selma (iTunes)
Sing [2016] (MA)
Snitch (iTunes 4K or Google Play HD)
Snow White & The Huntsman [Extended] (MA)
Star Trek Beyond (Vudu)
Taken 2 (MA or Google Play/ports)
Terminator: Genisys (Vudu)
Transformers: Age Of Extinction (iTunes 4K or Vudu HD)
Transformers: Dark Of The Moon (Vudu)
Tyler Perry's Madea's Witness Protection (iTunes)
Tyler Perry's Temptation: Confessions Of A Marriage Counselor (Vudu or Google Play)
Unbroken [2014] (MA or iTunes/ports)
World War Z (Vudu)
Zootopia (Google Play/ports)

🦝

💲1️⃣ SD

21 Jump Street (MA + Sony points)
After Earth [2013] (MA + Sony points)
Aloha [2015] (MA + Sony points)
Alpha [2018] (MA + Sony points)
Amazing Spider-Man 2, The [2014] (MA + Sony points)
American Hustle [2013] (MA + Sony points)
Angry Birds 2, The [2019] (MA + Sony points)
Annie [2014] (MA + Sony points)
Arthur Christmas [2011] (MA + Sony points)
A-Team, The [2010] [Theatrical] (iTunes/ports)
Blood Father (Vudu)
Charlie's Angels [2019] (MA + Sony points)
Concussion [2015] (MA + Sony points)
Crank 2: High Voltage (iTunes)
Day The Earth Stood Still, The [2008] (iTunes/ports)
Dog's Way Home, A [2019] (MA + Sony points)
Equalizer, The [2014] (MA + Sony points)
Equalizer 2, The (MA + Sony points)
Equalizer 3, The (MA + Sony points)
Fantastic Mr. Fox (iTunes/ports) PENDING
Green Zone (iTunes/ports)
Grown Ups 2 (MA + Sony points)
Hotel Transylvania [2012] (MA + Sony points)
Hotel Transylvania 3 (MA + Sony points)
Hours [2013] (Vudu)
Ice Age: Dawn Of The Dinosaurs (iTunes/ports)
Immortals [2011] (iTunes)
Insidious: The Last Key (MA + Sony points)
Judy Moody & The Not Bummer Summer (iTunes)
Kick-Ass [2010] (iTunes)
Morbius [2022] (MA + Sony points)
Mortal Instruments: The City Of Bones (MA + Sony points)
Movie 43 (iTunes)
Much Ado About Nothing [2013] (Vudu)
My Bloody Valentine [2009] (iTunes)
Nerve (Vudu)
No Good Deed [2014] (MA + Sony points)
Once Upon A Time In…Hollywood [2019] (MA + Sony points)
Oranges, The [2012] (iTunes/ports)
Perfect Guy, The [2015] (MA + Sony points)
Peter Rabbit 2 [2021] (MA + Sony points) PENDING
Robin Hood [2010] [Unrated] (iTunes/ports)
Safe Haven (iTunes)
Shallows, The [2016] (MA + Sony points)
Sparkle [2012] (MA)
Spider-Man: Into The Spiderverse (MA + Sony points)
Superfly [2018] (MA + Sony points)
Taken [2009] [Extended Cut] (iTunes/ports)
Venom: Let There Be Carnage (MA + Sony points)
When The Bough Breaks (MA + Sony points)
X-Men Origins: Wolverine [2005] [Theatrical] (iTunes/ports)

🦝

Super Cheap SD & HD Codes

All movies are 3 for $1 each/must spend at least $1 on total order.
Cabin In The Woods, The (Vudu SD only or iTunes SD only)
Croods, The (iTunes/ports SD)
Dirty Grandpa (Vudu SD only)
Divergent Series: Allegiant, The (Vudu SD only)
Expendables 2, The (Vudu SD only or iTunes SD only)
Expendables 3, The [Unrated] (iTunes HD only)
Fast & Furious 6, The [Extended] (MA ports HD)
Fast Five [Extended] (iTunes/ports HD)
Furious 7 [Extended] (MA ports HD)
Good Day To Die Hard, A [2012] (iTunes/ports SD)
Hunger Games, The (Vudu SD or iTunes SD only)
Hunger Games: Catching Fire, The (Vudu HD only)
John Wick 3 (Google Play HD only)
Jurassic Park [1993] (iTunes/ports SD)
Jurassic World (MA ports HD)
Life Of Pi (iTunes/ports SD)
Lost World: Jurassic Park, The (iTunes/ports SD)
Skyfall (iTunes SD only)
Sinister (iTunes SD only)
Star Trek: Into Darkness (Vudu HD only)
Star Wars: The Force Awakens (Google Play/ports HD)
Taken 2 (iTunes/ports SD)
submitted by mthw704 to DigitalCodeSELL [link] [comments]


2024.04.01 15:55 Leather_Focus_6535 The 20 inmates executed by Indiana since the post Furman reinstatement of the death penalty and their crimes (warning, graphic content, please read at your own risk)

Since the positive reception I've received in this past week for posting about California, Illinois, and the states with less then 10 executions (New Mexico, Connecticut, Colorado, Wyoming, Oregon, Montana, Kentucky, Pennsylvania, Idaho, Nebraska, Washington, Maryland, South Dakota, and Utah), I have decided to release a few more of my lists.
Here is the roster of Indiana's executed inmates that I wrote for my personal project on the post 70s death penalty. What other states (beyond Texas, which is currently a work in progress) would you like me to cover next?
The executed 20:
  1. Steven Judy (1981, electric chair): Judy passed 21 year old Terry Chasteen and her three children, 5 year old Misty, 4 year old Stephen, and 2 year old Mark, while they were driving down a dirt road and waved her down. When Terry stopped, Judy pretended that he noticed an issue with her car and enticed them into his with the promise of a ride. When Judy drove the Chasteens down to a nearby creek, he raped and strangled Terry, and drowned the 3 children. Judy was a long time sex offender, and his first known offense occurred when he was 13 years old. He also confessed to murdering other women and is suspected of killing several others, but none of these crimes were ever brought to trial.
  2. William Vandiver (1985, electric chair): Vandiver's father in law, 62 year old Paul Komyatti Sr., was hated by his family over his extremely controlling and domineering behavior, which often manifested in violence against them. The final straw was when he tried to force his 27 year old daughter Mariann to divorce Vandiver. Mariann, her 17 year old brother Paul Jr., their 56 year old mother Rosemary, and Vandiver conspired to murder Paul Sr. together, and made several attempts to poison him. When that failed, Vandiver and Paul Jr. tried suffocating him with a pillow, and then bludgeoned Paul Sr. 6 times in the head with Vandiver's gun and stabbed him 100 times with a fishing filet when he fought back. Vandiver finished the attack by decapitating Paul Sr. Both Vandiver and Mariann previously had extensive criminal histories. In one incident, while working as a prostitute, Mariann lured a man to her husband, and they forced him into posing for compromising photos for blackmail money. Vandiver also shot and wounded a man in a dispute over payment involving Mariann's services.
  3. Gregory Resnover (1994, electric chair): Resnover and an accomplice Tommie Smith shot 44 year old police officer Jack Ohrberg dead when he knocked on their door. Ohrberg was investigating a string of robberies that Resnover's gang committed, one of which involved the killing of a security guard, 53 year old William Sieg Sr..
  4. Tommie Smith (1996, lethal injection): An accomplice to the above mentioned Resnover, Smith was also executed for the fatal shooting of officer Ohrberg.
  5. Gary Burris (1997, lethal injection): Burris held up a cab driver, 31 year old Kenneth Chambers, who picked him up. He bound Chambers, stripped him of his clothes, and forced him to lie in the snow. Champers was then shot in the head and left abandoned in an alley. Burris made off with the $40 found in the cab, and fled to his apartment.
  6. Robert Smith (1998, lethal injection): While incarcerated for a robbery conviction, Smith fatally stabbed Michael Wedmore, a 33 year old fellow inmate, 37 times with a putty knife with the help of another inmate. Wedmore was serving a 60 year sentence for killing his girlfriend's 2 year old daughter at the time of his own murder. Smith campaigned hard for his own execution and vowed to kill again if he wasn't put to death. He also had a history of attacking other inmates and correctional officers.
  7. D. H. Fleenor (1999, lethal injection): Fleenor attended a church service with his estranged wife, 25 year old Sandra Sedam, and went to the home of her mother, 49 year old Nyrla Harlow. While at the home, he shot and wounded Nyla's husband, 58 year old Bill. He then shot Nyla in the head when she crouched over to Bill's side, abducted Sedam, her 2 year old son Justin, and two other children [who are either Sedam's step-siblings or the Harlows' grandchildren depending on the source], 13 year old Angie and 12 year old Billy, and left a mortally wounded Bill alone in the house. After a brief stop at the residence of Sedam's brother, Fleenor returned back to the Harlow home to finish off Bill. After murdering Bill, Fleenor fled to Tennessee with his hostages. Sedam and the children were rescued following a confrontation with a local SWAT team.
  8. Gerald Bivins (2001, lethal injection): Bivins and two accomplices went on a crime spree that involved shoplifting and stealing a Holiday Inn guest's car after leaving him tied up in a hotel room bathroom. It climaxed when Bivins held up William Radcliffe, a 39 year old revered, at a gas station stall. He forced Radcliffe to give him his wallet, made him face against the bathroom wall, and shot him in the head. From Bivins' admission, Radcliffe was murdered "just to see what it was like to kill someone."
  9. James Lowery (2001, lethal injection): Lowery and his wife was previously hired by a couple, 80 year old Mark and 80 year old Gertrude Thompson, to be their caretakers. Both were fired when the Thompsons were dissatisfied with their services. An enraged Lowery stormed the Thompson residence, and threatened them and their replacement caretaker, 43 year old Janet Brown. After forcing the Thompsons to write him a $9,000 paycheck, Lowery shot them all in the head. Mark and Gertrude were killed, but Brown survived her injuries.
  10. Kevin Hough (2003, lethal injection): Hough was outraged by his cousins being evicted by their landlords, 56 year old Gene Rubrake and 49 year old Ted Bosler, over a rent dispute. He and his brother retaliated by breaking into their residence, and shooting them both dead. Only weeks before the Bosler and Rubrake double murders, Hough also fatally shot Antoni Bartkowiak, a 39 year old Polish immigrant, in a robbery. Before being killed, Bartkowiak was electrocuted and burned with a cattle prod. Hough was given a death sentence for the Bosler-Rubrake murders, and 60 years incarceration for Bartkowiak's killing.
  11. Joseph Trueblood (2003, lethal injection): Trueblood's ex girlfriend, 23 year old Susan Bowsher, was interested in rekindling a relationship with her ex husband. To prevent that from happening, Trueblood lured Susan, her 2 year old daughter Ashlyn, and her 17 month old son William into his truck, and shot them all dead.
  12. Donald Wallace Jr. (2005, lethal injection): Wallace had broken into a neighboring house that belonged to the Gilligan family (consisting of parents 30 year old Patrick and 30 year old Teresa, and children, 5 year old Lisa and 4 year old Gregory). While searching the home, he encountered the family inside. He tied them all up, but Patrick tried fighting back. This spiraled into Wallace shooting Patrick to stop his resistance, Teresa to suppress her screams, and the two children "so they wouldn't live with the trauma of their parents' deaths." Wallace had also burglarized other homes in the neighborhood prior to the attack on the Gilligan family.
  13. William Benefiel Jr. (2005, lethal injection): Benefiel abducted two teenage girls, 19 year old Delores Wells and 17 year old Alicia Elmore, at gunpoint and kept them captive in his home. Over the course of a prolonged months long captivity, Benefiel sodomized both victims dozens of times, and sexually tortured them. Wells was murdered by Benefiel gluing her nose shut and stuffing toilet paper in her mouth, while Elmore was rescued by a police search.
  14. Gregory Johnson (2005, lethal injection): Johnson broke into the home of 82 year old Ruby Hutslar by breaking her window. Upon entry, Johnson attacked Hutsler with a broom handle, and stomped on her to death. After stealing her watch and some silver dollars, he set the house on fire. Before murdering Hutsler, Johnson had testified in a trial that put one of his friends, Mark Wisehart, on death row. Like Johnson, Wisehart had killed an older woman in a robbery, but his sentence was reduced to life without parole by a federal court in 2010.
  15. Kevin Conner (2005, lethal injection): Conner was partying with his friends, 24 year old Tony Moore, 19 year old Steven Wentland, and 19 year old Bruce Voge, at Moore's house. In a drunken dispute, Conner and Moore stabbed Wetland inside the home, ran him over with a car when he fled outside to run away, and finished him off with another stabbing attack. While arguing over the murder, Connor shot Moore to death, and turned his gun on Voge as well. Connor committed his 4th murder on death row when he stabbed fellow inmate, 41 year old Jerry Thompson, in the recreational room. Thompson was previously sentenced to death for murdering two men in a robbery.
  16. Alan Matheney (2005, lethal injection): While serving time for assaulting his ex wife, 29 year old Lisa Bianco, Matheney was granted an 8 hour furlough by the courts. He disobeyed the set terms, and invaded Bianco's home with an unloaded shotgun. Matheney used the butt of his gun to bludgeon Bianco to death.
  17. Marvin Bieghler (2006, lethal injection): Bieghler controlled a major drug ring dedicated to selling majiurana. After some of his shipments were seized by law enforcement, Bieghler suspected that one of his dealers, 21 year old Tommy Miller, was informing on his operations. He and a bodyguard went up to Miller's home, and shot him and his pregnant wife, 19 year old Kimberly, dead.
  18. David Woods (2007, lethal injection): Woods and two accomplices conspired together to steal 77 year old Juan Placencia's television set. They lured Placencia out by ringing his doorbell, and Woods pounced on him when he opened his door. Placencia was stabbed 21 times, and his wallet was stolen from his body. Woods and his accomplices then carried out his TV and sold it to an underground buyer.
  19. Michael Lambert (2007, lethal injection): Lambert was pulled over for drunk driving by Greg Winters, a 31 year old police officer. Winters placed Lambert in his cruiser for jail transportation. Despite being handcuffed and patted down, Lambert was able to pull out a .25 ACP pistol and shoot Winters in the back of the head and neck 5 times.
  20. Matthew Winkles (2009, lethal injection): In the midst of a bitter divorce and custody battle, Winkles' estranged wife, 31 year old Debra, left him and took their children to live with her younger brother, 28 year old Tony Fulkerson and his 26 year old wife Natalie. After Debra skipped a meeting arranged by their attorneys, Winkles drove up to the Fulkerson home, and shot Debra, Tony, and Natalie dead in front of their children.
submitted by Leather_Focus_6535 to TrueCrimeDiscussion [link] [comments]


2024.03.27 16:08 IDreamtIwokeUp A Detailed History of Course in Miracles Censorship - all editions (including the "complete edition") are incomplete and censored

This shouldn't be too complicated. Course editors/publishers should simply step aside and relay the teachings that Jesus provided exactly as dictated. But time and time again, the ego won out. In each instance the editor couldn't resist the urge to slip on the "ring of power" and apply both their "improvements" and censorship. This sadly includes even the “Complete and Annotated” version, which I'll go into more depth later. The following is a timeline of how the Course was censored and mutilated by editing.
1965: Helen hears an inner voice that tells her: "This is a Course in Miracles, please take notes"
1965-1968: Helen would record messages from Jesus into shorthand notes, and relay most (but not all) to Bill to type up. In some cases direct dictations were given from Helen to Bill without notes. To this day, many of Helen's original notes from Jesus remain locked up with unknown comments from Jesus that have yet to see the light of day (not even included in the Urtext)
~1965: Jesus tells Helen, that Bill will be in charge of editing. This is seen as a good thing as Bill appears to want to preserve what Jesus says verbatim, while Helen a compulsive editor would (and ultimately later did) destroy what Jesus would say through editing.
Ask him [Bill] later if this should be included in the written part of the course at all or whether you should keep these notes separately. He is in charge of these decisions.
...
I assumed the attitude of an editor whose role is to consider only form and disregard content as much as possible….Bill was adamant in opposing any changes at all, except for deleting the too personal early references and correcting actual typing errors….I wanted to change just about everything, but I knew that Bill was right. Any changes I made were always wrong in the long run, and had to be put back….[The material] had a way of knowing what it was doing, and was much better left exactly as it was. https://circleofa.org/library/the-earlier-versions-and-the-editing-of-a-course-in-miracles/
1969: Bill’s original notes were completed and compiled. A 1969 version was given to a student "Father Michael". This would become known as the Thetford edition and I believe also the Urtext. Some sources indicate the Thetford edition and Urtext are separate...I'm not sure though. To this day the Urtext is the best and purest form of the Course available.
1969: Bill's original notes are retyped to apply not just grammar corrections but wording changes Helen wanted to make. It's unclear why words from Jesus would have to be changed? Either Helen made an error or Jesus did. And this error was either with the original version or with the edit. Either are troubling thoughts. Also headers were applied (by Bill not by Jesus).
1972: The retyping is complete. Many personal, professional, and psychological references are removed despite being very interesting. Concepts like angels, fallen angels, Lucifer, reincarnation, karma, spirit possession, speaking in tongues, witchcraft, auras, and Christian Science are axed. Helen complains she doesn't want the Course to be about sex, so SIGNIFICANT Jesus material on this subject is censored out. This despite Jesus saying "I want to finish the instructions about sex, because this is an area which the miracle-worker must understand." Helen the compulsive editor (again this was supposed to be Bill's job), had also changed a number of words and phrases for "better meaning".
1972: Four are given copies of this Course in Miracles version which would become known as the Hugh Lynn Cacye version. This included Hugh Cayce and Ken Wapnick (a friend of Father Michael's).
1972: Ken meets Helen and Bill. Later the next year in May following a trip to Israel, Ken seeks and obtains permission from Helen to see her transcript.
1973: Ken is very charismatic and likely has a good technical eye for grammar errors which he spots in the HLC version. He convinces Helen to give him an editor role. Bill (who was the editor assigned by Jesus) was supplanted. Ken claims that Bill didn't have patience for doing yet another round of edits...now Helen and Ken do all the edits which turns out to be disastrous.
~1973: Citing Helen's habit of losing things and Bill not being organized, Ken takes over the role of "archivist" in which he controls the original shorthand notes where the original Jesus dictations were recorded.
1973-1975: Extensive changes are made to the Course. Much of the first four chapters are removed which focused on specifics. Ken hated specifics and loved abstractions. He uses some channeling inaccuracies from Helen as an excuse to second guess much of the early chapters and get them largely gutted. Significant work was done changing Bill's titles, chapters, punctuation, and even the content. Ken insisted on adding line numbers to every sentence in the Course which clutter it up to this day. 127 references to "soul" are changed to 12. In the edits from the HLC version to the FIP version, the Course lost about 25% of its words. Much of the plain speaking Jesus who was very specific, understandable and relatable was destroyed to make way for an overly abstract word-salad “Jesus” which the Course is infamous for to this day.
1975: Judy Skutch president of Foundation for Parasensory Investigation receives copies of the Course and distributes them free to friends. This group would be renamed the Foundation for Inner Peace or FIP.
1975: FIP is put in charge of administering the copyright for the Course. Judy remains as president, but is a figurehead with the real power given to Ken Wapnik as an executive. The first FIP version of the Course is published. This is the first official version of the Course that most know today.
1981: Helen dies from pancreatic cancer. Here fascinating accounts of what happened up to Helen’s death were provided by Father Groeschel (a friend of Helen’s). .
"I hate that damn book," she often told him, and regularly disavowed its teachings.

Most troubling to him by far was the "black hole of rage and depression that Schucman fell into during the last two years of her life," the priest explained. She had become frightening to be with, Groeschel recalled, spewing psychotic hatred not only for A Course in Miracles but "for all things spiritual." When he sat at Schucman's bedside as she lay dying, "she cursed, in the coarsest barroom language you could imagine, `that book, that goddamn book.' She said it was the worst thing that ever happened to her. I mean, she raised the hair on the back of my neck. It was truly terrible to witness."

The morning Schucman died, Groeschel said a funeral Mass for her. "Only, when I opened the missal did I discover that it was the Feast of Our Lady of Lourdes," the priest recalled, "and I tell you, I shivered. The odds are one out of three hundred and sixty-five."
(Helen had a special connection to Lourdes)

Fr. Groeschel wrote (2), "This woman who had written so eloquently that suffering really did not exist spent the last two years of her life in the blackest psychotic depression I have ever witnessed."
https://www.beliefnet.com/faiths/2004/07/the-making-of-a-course-in-miracles.aspx
Groeschel would ultimately believe that Helen was possessed by a dark entity…Groeschel was familiar with this concept as he had witnessed objects being thrown around a room during a session with an exorcists.
1983: Ken founds FACIM as a sister organization to FIP. FACIM (like FIP) would prove to be a lucrative endeavor. As a “not-for-profit”, their income statements are public and can be read online.
1985: A second edition of the FIP ACIM is published with minor edits.
1987: Ken proclaims Jesus as the author of the Course (which he would later deny for legal reasons):
“One of the things I was most impressed with about the course was that Jesus was the author of it. I just could not believe that anyone else could have written it. It was very clear to me that Helen could not have written it and I just could not imagine it having any other source than Jesus himself.”
1988: Bill Thetford dies.
1991: Ken Wapnik publishes the book "Absence from Felicity" which provides background on how the Course was created. In it he includes significant channeled sections from Jesus to Helen that weren't included in the FIP version (~6000 more Jesus words). Why Ken thought these were NOT suitable for the Course, but it was suitable to be published in his "Absence from Felicity" book is a good question (he did just happen to enjoy full royalties on the latter). Not all of Helen’s missing notes are included in AFF and Ken cherry picks which to include. As part of the publication process, Ken deposits the Urtext at the US Copyright Office.
1992: With Helen and Bill dead, Ken assumed unchallenged and full editorial powers. FIP publishes a third edition the Course. Ken claims this restored some material that was "accidentally omitted" (but only 97 sentences) and fixed a number of typographical errors. About 30 changes were made to the existing content...in total this was a bigger than the last FIP update, but still not substantive.
1992: FIP/FACIM (led by Ken Wapnik) sends a letter of complaint to Marriane Williamson for using excerpts from the Course in her book "A Return To Love" despite previously giving her permission to quote parts of the Course. Marainne agrees to pay a 4% royalty fee to FIP.
1994: CompuServe is forced by FACIM/Ken to close a Course forums for "trademark violations"
1995: FIP enters a deal with Penguin for distribution of the Course for I believe a 40-60 split. An advance of $3m is paid to FIP.
1996: A student from Endeavor is proud of the Course work they are doing in Wisconsin and tells Ken about this. He is outraged. Ken together with Penguin send a cease and desist letter to the Endeavor Academy in Wisconsin (a non-profit Course study group). Ken seems particularly upset that Endeavor mixed in new testament teachings with the Course. Ken (like Helen) had a Jewish background, and maybe because of this, was subconsciously biased against the New Testament? Whatever the reason this would be the start of a long hatred and bitter feud Ken would have for Endeavor.
1996: A lawsuit is filed by Penguin along with FIP as a second co-plaintiff against Endeavor (Ken is the ringleader of this attack). Lawyers demand four million dollars from Endeavor Academy for copyright violations. This was tough for Endeavor. It was a non-profit Course study group that would later be financially destroyed for unrelated reasons. Many of its members were living in communal poverty. Also it was based in Wisconsin, but would have to travel to NY to defend themselves because that’s where Ken filed the suit.
1999: Ken in a sworn deposition pulls a Peter, and claims the Course Jesus was "another Jesus".
Q: Are we talking about the biblical Jesus or is there a different Jesus that we may be talking about? A: It was a different Jesus.
1999: Robert Perry (head of Circle of Atonement) sought permission from FIP/FACIM to publish a manuscript of the Course, but was denied with no explanation. Ken threatened Robert with a lawsuit if he continued with his publication.
“to the extent you choose to publish your manuscript, that the Foundation for A Course in Miracles, as owner of the copyright of the Course, intends to vigorously and vigilantly safeguard its rights with respect to protecting its legal interests.”
1999: Under heavy pressure from Ken, FIP transfers the ACIM copyright to FACIM. Unofficially FACIM was just an innocent spiritual school founded by Ken. Unofficially it was likely a rival to FIP. Ken indirectly controlled FIP even though he didn't found it, but FACIM he controlled directly and explicitly. By transferring the copyright from FIP to FACIM (a shell game maneuver likely planned by lawyers), Ken gained even more control of the Course.
1999: FIP/FACIM starts aggressively attacking online groups for using copyrighted Course content. At this point there was widespread fear in the internet community about posting Course material or quotes out of fear of being sued or taken down.
1999: When Robert Perry asks for an open discussion with Ken about why his publication request was denied, Ken responded:
"In conclusion, Robert and Allen, while you are certainly entitled to your mischaracterizations, misrepresentations, and use of misinformation – both in form and content – that hardly makes them valid, nor does it justify your making them public. Peace, Ken."
1999: FACIM/Ken send a cease and desist letter to Circle of Atonement/Robert Perry for use of the Course on his website.
1999: COA files for declaratory relief in court...Ken/FIP/FACIM counters by suing COA (a simple non-profit Course study group) for 1-5 million dollars.
1999: FIP/FACIM/Ken sues Ryan Rothgeg for $450,000 over Course in Miracles copyright infringements
2000: A copy of the Hugh Lynn Cayce version is found at the ARE library in Virginia.
2000: A Nebraska Course group (CIMS) finds the 1972/HLC version of the Course online and publishes it.
2000: FIP/FACIM/Ken shuts down the CIMS version with a restraining order from a judge
2000: Christy is supposedly an old English friend of Helen's. Purportedly she got a channeled message from Helen (beyond the grave) that important material had been omitted from the Course, t needed to be made public, and the Urtext was stored in the Library of Congress (US Copyright Office division). She/others make a photocopy of the Urtext. This is important as the Urtext is far superior to the Hugh Lynn Cayce version (which in turn is far superior to the FIP text). A group known as the "Source Text Crew" works to make the Urtext public. Ken is livid that people are learning about the Urtext. He and his lawyers work very hard to censor this from the internet.
2001: FACIM bows to pressure to allow at least some fair use, but says no more than 300 word quotes are allowed. If Ken's rules remained in effect, a number of posts on this very reddit would likely be targeted by Ken's lawyers.
2003'ish: Gary Renard jumps into copyright debate and the revelation of the URtext. He blindly defends Ken, and attacks those who want the Urtext to be made public. His “ascended master” friend Pursah falsely claims the Urtext was stolen (it still remained in the US Copyright Office):
"The earlier versions of the Course that have become available include material that was stolen from the U.S. Copyright Office and the library of The Association for Research and Enlightenment in Virginia Beach. There's no integrity in that. How would you like it if you went through the whole process of writing a book, had it published, and then someone stole your first draft, put it out illegally on the Internet, and then claimed that this was the right version of the book, and that you were selling the wrong version? Yet that's exactly what happened with the Course. And because a rather confused judge - who ignorantly described the Course as "sophomoric" - later invalidated its copyright and put it in the public domain, today people are free to sell the earlier drafts and make money off of stolen material. If you want to support that then be my guest."
Ironically Gary himself would be accused of plagiarism. First figuratively as Bruce MacDonald claims HE and not Gary is in fact the real reincarnation of the disciple Thomas (2 Thomas’es…so funny). Also Gary would be accused of plagiarizing not the Gospel of Thomas per say in his book, but a translation of it by Stephen Patterson almost verboten. Lastly Robert Perry would unearth shocking evidence that material from the Disappearance of the Universe seemed to be plagiarized from Ken Wapnick of all people (Gary's biggest idol), and not per say from ascended masters.
2003: In a monumental ruling, Judge Sweet of New York rules against FACIM/FIP/Ken and in favor of Endeavor. The Course copyright is invalidated under the premises it was freely distributed prior to being copyrighted.
2005: The US Trademark Office canceled the servicemark for a "Course in Miracles" (and "ACIM") as a byproduct of Judge Sweet's ruling.
2005: The Endeavor Academy publishes a "Course in Miracles: The Advent of the Great Awakening", which I believe is a combination of the HLC and Urtext versions.
2007: Ken faces critical questions from his students for his role in censoring the Course and acting like a pope. He mounts a detailed defense of the editing history on the course during a talk in Atlanta. Ken justifies his censorship, because he said Helen was inaccurate (with multiple examples), wrongly favored Freud over Jung, and posted objectionable material that Jesus would never really talk about (like sex).
One could never imagine Jesus saying, for example, what is in the Urtext on sex

Thus, for example, one will read that homosexuality is essentially a pathology (the traditional psychoanalytic view), and that the only purpose for sex is procreation, two positions that are antithetical to Jesus’ own teachings in the Course about seeing all forms of the ego’s world as the same, the correction to the ego’s first law of chaos that there is a hierarchy of illusion ( T-23.II.2 ) . To believe that these would be the words and thoughts of Jesus is as preposterous and unthinkable an idea as to believe that I could influence Helen as to what belonged in the Course

The material on Freud is heavily weighted in favor of Freud—Jung does not come off very well. Helen did not like Jung, and neither did Bill; they did not know much about him and his work, but they did not like him. And so, when one reads these comments about Freud and Jung, it becomes clear that distinct biases are involved.

https://acim.org/archives/editing-history/
He would all but in words say that the censorship was to cover up Helen's inaccuracies. ...
or a number of reasons, none of this material belonged in the published version. First, much of it was personal to Helen and Bill, and had nothing to do with the teachings of A Course in Miracles. Perhaps even more importantly, Helen was notoriously inaccurate when her own ego was involved.
2000’s: Ken spends a lot of time teaching Course concepts to students. However many of his beliefs are controversial. Eg Ken hated specifics, and loved abstract spiritual teachings. He would say for example:
A good rule of thumb to tell the difference between the ego and the Holy Spirit is when the Holy Spirit starts getting specific, that’s when you want to run.

Yet the Course Jesus many times uses specifics and advocates for their use: But you have been told that if you ask the Holy Spirit for specific guidance in a specific situation, He will give it to you very specifically [CE Cameo-24.2:2]":
Ken also pushed a very nihilistic (nothingness) view of the Course. In his view EVERYTHING was an illusion and this was the most important teaching in his opinion. Eg
we can trust nothing outside us, because everything is an illusion, projected by the ego to distract our attention from our minds. But the one thing in all the world we can trust is what is inside—in our right minds, the “resting place”—and that is the Holy Spirit. - The Journey Home
In the same way mainstream Buddhism hijacked Buddha’s message of the middle way in favor of nihilism, the Course has been hijacked by Kenbots to falsely to be “A Course in Nothingness”. Jesus did indicate there are REAL elements to existence (God, sonship, love). He also said we should forgive and trust others, which is the opposite of nihilism.
In attributes of teachers: Trust - This is the foundation on which their ability to fulfill their function rests.
[CE [M-4.I:1]-[M-4.I.1]]
Jesus also indicates the outer matches the inner, which contradicts Ken’s nihilistic teachings which purely focuses on making the outer nothingness disappear.
2 The idea for today, like the preceding ones, applies to your inner and outer worlds, which are actually the same. [CE W-32.2:1]
²The shorter applications consist of repeating the idea slowly as you survey either your inner or outer world. ³It does not matter which you choose. [CE W-32.5:2-3] https://acimce.app/:W-32.5:2-3
2008: The "Original Edition" of the Course (one with pearls) is published by an independent group (not FIP). This is roughly speaking the HLC version and IS NOT the original. It is missing most elements from the URText, and I don't advise students buying this.
2010: Kim Michaels claims to channel Jesus. When students ask Kim about the Course in Miracles, he provides an analysis of the books. He claims that the Course was mostly NOT channeled by him, but instead other ascended masters. He also disagrees with some Course concepts. True or not…who knows.
Some of this kind of matches what Helen described. Eg There not being a literal voice.
Kim Michaels/Jesus: The words were brought forth through a process whereby an ascended being projects concepts and images into the person’s mind.

Helen: No. I wrote perfectly voluntarily in response to…I call it a voice, but ‘a voice’ has sounds…or sounds as though it has something to do with hearing. And I didn’t hear anything. I think it’s the sort of hearing that you can’t really describe. It doesn’t have anything to do with ears or waves hitting a drum or anything on that order. I don’t really know, I think maybe I’m using the wrong word when I say ‘hear.’
2012: The Course in Miracles Sparkley Edition is published. This is founded by an Australian group and uses cleaner capitalization. It also gets rid of the annoying line numbers Ken created. But it is mostly based on HLC so is incomplete (but better than FIP).
2012: FIP as a not-for-profit is required to submit public 990 tax forms. These show revenue/income/assets going back to 2000. Robert and Judith Skutch were paying themselves roughly a combined $300k per year as “executive compensation”. It also appears additional FIP money was being expensed out to Judith’s daughter, and additional money was being expensed to a translation company that Robert owned. Did donors who donated/contributed (600k to FIP in 2013), know so much money was getting expensed out to Skutch family in this fashion?
2013: Ken Wapnik dies.
~2013: Bruce MacDonald claims he can channel Jesus. Robert Perry requests Bruce ask Jesus about the Course and Bruce’s Jesus provides a detailed analysis and ultimately a rebuke of the Course. In it, this Jesus says there were other entities channeling to Helen (mostly the discarnate form of Simon the magician) which she she confused for him. He also said some Course teachings were wrong. Whether true or not it is very interesting. Eg
Page 86 of the Manual says that the Holy Spirit "alone is functionless," yet on the page before it says that "In order to fulfill this special function the Holy Spirit has assumed a dual function."
2013: Endeavor Academy endures a devastating bankruptcy. Its buildings, convention center, restaurant, assets and even very personal items of its members are auctioned off for peanuts. Endeavor was part commune with participants coming from around the world. Many were living a life of extreme poverty. While Ken's lawsuits against them were NOT the main factor in Endeavor's downfall, it was unethical that wealthy organizations (like FIP) and wealthy individuals (like Ken), would attack an organization whose members had so little. It's a miracle that Endeavor endured in making the Course (as well as its trademark) free for us to use today.
2014: With the death of Ken Wapnik, FACIM transfers the "copyright" back to FIP. It was mostly voided anyways, but FACIM lawyers had tried to still control some tangential components of the Course.
2017: Circle of Atonement publishes the "Complete and Annotated Edition" and includes a free web version. This restores 45k words. Roughly speaking it is a hybrid of the HLC version and the Urtext. But...it is STILL MISSING many important parts from the Urtext. Why isn't clear. Frankly it is false advertising to proclaim to be the complete edition when a lot was censored out by Robert Perry.
For starters, Robert chops up much of the first four chapters and confusingly moves some of it to "cameos" at the end where he sums them up in themes.
An example of a section Robert censors is where Jesus talks about Helen’s past life in Atlantis and perhaps even demons…maybe Robert considered this too new-agey? Or maybe he considered it “too personal”? Maybe there were tangential legal reasons he stayed away from some of the Urtext (but included lots of it elsewhere). Who knows…but search the CE edition online and you will find not reference to Atlantis.
Your earlier acute problem in writing things down came from a MUCH earlier misuse of very great scribal abilities. These were turned to secret rather than shared advantage, depriving it (?) of its miraculous potential, and diverting it into possession. This is much like the confusion of sex impulses with possession‐impulses. Some of the original material is still in the Temple. This is why you became so afraid about Atlantis. B. has his own reasons.
- Urtext
Another example axed by Robert…here Jesus interestingly talks about how an assistant (Rosie) hurt Bill/Helen in a past life:
Retain your miracle-minded attitude toward Rosie VERY carefully. She once hurt both of you, which is why she is now your servant. But she is blessed in that she sees service as a source of joy. Help her straighten out her past errors by contributing to your welfare now.
https://alexbrady.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/1_ch1_urtext_etext.pdf
In some cases Robert retains elements from the Urtext, but then significantly alters their wording. Below is an example which shows Robert’s version to be less personal and way less meaningful. It is also a slight insult from Jesus to Bill…many Courser fundamentalists believe we are to never judge, but in several cases Jesus does judge Bill, Helen and others in the early text.
Urtext version: Bill, also characteristically, is less miracle-minded but better able to recognize fear, because his identification is more consistently right but weaker. https://alexbrady.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/1_ch1_urtext_etext.pdf

Robert’s “Complete” version: Others are less miracle-minded but better able to recognize fear, because their identification is more consistently right but weaker. [CE T-1.50.4:4]
All that said, the CE edition is better than the FIP or HLC editions.
2021: Judy Skutch, the founder and an important member of FIP dies.
2021: FIP publishes a free searchable web version of the FIP text.
2022: Gloria Wapnik dies. She presumably was the one that had the original notes from Helen as dictated from Jesus. This includes material not even included in the Urtext.. It's a good question what happened to them. These lost Jesus notes are IMO likely important and may shed important details on Helen's accuracy (or lack thereof). They also likely contain notes about Ken himself. Helen's Jesus commented(!) on everybody else...so why wouldn't he talk about Ken? If critical this could explain why Ken was so interested in keeping these notes censored "safely under lock and key".
Summary of versions:
Suggestions:
Get the Urtext and read the first four chapters…those were most targeted for censorship. Then buying or using the free online CE version should be good enough for everything else.
It appears there are some versions of the physical Course floating around that combine the Urtext AND appendices…if true, that might be the best physical option. Example.
References:
This editing story was crazy and could be made into a movie! To understand the big picture you have to read and get the accounts from the opposing sides. They are all interesting.
submitted by IDreamtIwokeUp to ACIM [link] [comments]


2024.03.26 16:59 coastaldolphin [US][Sell] Pre-2011 BPAL and others

Finally addressing my collection. These are primarily from 2009/2010, I did not buy perfume after 2011. Asterisks are decants. I did my best to estimate fullness, if anything I understimated. Imps only mentioned if under the label, could be only 1/2 full.
Make an offer on anything you like! US shipping $3 imps only, $5 with bottle, will consider international for actual costs
BPAL:
Full Bottles: City in the Sea 7/09 Blue bottle
Edge of Chaos CTIV Coconut Ozone
Pomegranate II
1/2 Bottles
The Deep Ones w/ dipstick
1/4 Bottles
Midnight Mass
Imps:
*A Golden Idol 2010
Aureus
Bohun Upas
*Boo 09
Cathedral
Cathode
*Cheshire Moon
*The Chinese Dance 2010
*City in the Sea
The Coiled Serpent
*Cold Moon
Cthulhu
Cthulhu on Card
The Deep Ones
Dove's Heart
Egle
The Ghost
Glasgow
Golden Wave
Hi'iaka
*Iole
Katharina
*Kubla Khan (long tube)
The Lady of Shalott x 2
Lurid
The Mock Turtle's Lessons
Ogygia
Olokun
*The Phoenix in Spring 2010
*The Phoenix in Summer 2010
Phobos
*Pomegranate II 2010
Rakshasa
Rosalind
R'yleh
*The School 2010
*Storm Moon
*Snow White 2010
*Thunder Moon
Tintagel
Titania
Tushnamatay
*Tzadikim Nistarim (long tube)
Van Van
*Water Phoenix
Windward Passage
Y'ha-nthelei
1/4 full
Cathedral
*CDV
*F5
*June Gloom 09
*Lambs Wool 2010
*Selkie
Sniffies:
The Deep Ones
*Follow Me Boy 2010
Lightning
*Ogygia 2009
*Sunrise w/ Sea Monsters
*Storyville
*Tombstone
Miscellaneous Makers
Possets:
1/2 Bottles
Vim
The Ring
Victory
Imps:
Cerulean Blue
Good Judy
Bottles:
Diamond
Imp:
*Ryls
Blooddrop
Bottles:
Cassiopeia
Imp
*Cassiopeia
*An Orange in Your Slipper 2010
Arcana:
Imp
*Truculent
Conjure Oils:
Imp
Gears of Oblivion
*Kraken
Violette Market:
Imp
*Poseidon
submitted by coastaldolphin to IndieExchange [link] [comments]


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2024.03.22 09:26 TableFruitSpecified Providing Backstories to the Police Team Characters

Providing Backstories to the Police Team Characters
Note: Several days to write this one because the team has SO MANY PEOPLE! I will shudder in fear when I get to the Patriots, dear GOD. Suggested by u/Independent_Pack_880 on my Providing Backstories to the IF Team Characters post, I also had to create a new page for the team on the Dead Ahead wiki for this one.
Once more, tried to stick to pre-established story lore, and any previous character lore I made. And remember: This assumes the game takes place in 2010. This is also the 3rd out of 4th appearance of Judi Pepper (Pepper), so that's cool.


POLICE, HANDS IN THE AIR! (Left to Right: Pepper, Policeman Diaz, Glenn, Sheriff Charlotte, Agents, Rogue, Austin and Chopper)

Team: Pepper, Policeman Diaz, Glenn, Sheriff Charlotte, Agents, Rogue, Austin, Chopper
Judi Pepper (Pepper) Age: 37
Bio: Growing up, Judi wasn’t always sure of what she wanted to be. Going from working as a cop briefly to trying carpentry to joining the IF and soaring through the ranks, all it took was a misunderstanding for her to be dropped to road patrol. Relentlessly mocked by her peers, her big calling came in the form of a cure for a new virus making its way through the States. Unfortunately, her first week was cut short by the scientists getting infected and her needing to evacuate. By the time she got back home, everything went to hell. Donning her IF uniform once more, she managed to join up with Sheriff Bill, hoping to prove her worth in the adventure to stop the infection.
Notes: - Briefly worked as a beat cop under her father’s supervision. (Officer skin) - Skilled carpenter, although never really liked it. (Carpenter skin) - Accompanied scientists in trying to find a cure before the apocalypse broke (Scientists’ skin) - Fear of birds, specifically seagulls.
Gabriel Diaz (Policeman Diaz) Age: 51
Bio: Gabriel Diaz has lived a long life, most of which he refuses to tell others. Born as the son of a Mexican-American mechanic, Diaz learned how to repair machinery and vehicles, something he put to use on his first (and only) car. At the age of 23, Diaz joined up with his local police force. Known for efficiency at solving cases alone, he was also skilled in shooting, favouring a pump action shotgun for taking out anyone who wouldn’t let themselves be arrested. After leaving the police force at 46, Diaz set up shop as a mechanic, fixing cars and motorcycles for good prices. When the apocalypse was in full swing, Diaz immediately left work, going home to grab his shotgun. After clearing out his neighbourhood of zombies through tactics that could be summed up only as “guerilla warfare”, Diaz shaved off his newly grown beard and donned his police uniform once more, clearing house after house before being picked up by Sheriff Bill. At this time, Bill wasn’t even sure his goal was possible, but Diaz’s reassurance put Bill firmly on his path.
Notes: - Skilled mechanic, and kind hearted enough to offer low prices (Mechanic Diaz Skin) - Celebrates Day of the Dead whenever it comes up, no exceptions (Desperado Skin) - Had a girlfriend during his time as a cop. She ended up dying in the line of duty when he was 49, affecting Diaz’s mental health until the apocalypse showed up. - Good friends with Chopper, respecting his method of attack.
Glenn R. Pines-Woods (Glenn) Age: 27
Bio:
If there’s anything Glenn R. Pines-Woods was good at, it was taking a hit. That, and having a convoluted family tree. Coming from a long line of people who were incredibly hard to kill, Glenn was born on the border of Canada and the United States, later spending most of his time in the Northern United States with his father. Going from occupation to occupation, Glenn has put himself in danger through the police force, the military, and the wilds of Alaska on one occasion. Every occasion failed to kill Glenn, and at such a young age he almost felt invincible. Of course, fate had other plans, and when the apocalypse came, Glenn’s survival instincts were once again put to the test. Witnessing groups of survivors die over and over, Glenn gladly joined up with Sheriff Bill. He hoped, for once, that the people he was with wouldn’t die all around him.
Charlotte Madrigal (Sheriff Charlotte)
Age: 45
Bio: Born Madeleine Madrigal in the land of Texas, U.S.A, Charlotte was the older daughter of a Farmer from Russia, later the older sister of two twins from the United States (alongside her sister). Early in her life, Charlotte’s family returned to her grandfather’s homeland of Russia, living there for several years. When Charlotte’s family moved to the U.S, she changed her name and became known as the “cool aunt” of the family, being relatively relaxed in contrast to her brothers and parents. Instead of having children, like her sister, Charlotte joined up with law enforcement, helping defend the new country she was living in, and all the time maintaining a youthful appearance despite her ever increasing age. When the apocalypse came along, Charlotte watched her co-workers turn in front of her, shooting them all dead before holding out in the police station for two weeks. When Sheriff Bill came along, Charlotte eagerly joined up, recognising some of her family in the convoy with him. And after spending two weeks alone, she needed the familiar faces.
Notes: - Very patriotic to the United States, especially her home-state of Texas (Charlotte Skin) - Was given a special outfit from her brother when they arrived in the United States once more (Bunny Charlotte Skin) - Fluent in both Russian and English, thanks to her father teaching it to her. - Daughter of the Farmer, and the older sister of adopted brothers Private Rodriguez and Redneck. Aunt of Polina and Cashier.
Julian “Jules” J. Murtaugh & Vincent “Vinny” K. Riggs (Agents)
Age: Unknown, Mid 30s and Late 30s
Bio:
Jules and Vinny have been inseparable since first meeting, for whatever reason. Finding each-other in the same class as kids, they initially had a sort of rivalry before sorting it out in a fight, neither of them winning in the end. Afterwards, the pair held a sort of respect for each-other, that respect eventually forming into a friendship. Spending most of their time in public with each-other, the pair were eventually hired by an unknown organisation, designed to take out anything considered “too dangerous to live”. The pair were on the brink of finding out about a new disease sweeping the globe, all the way down in Papua New Guinea, before finding the trail gone cold. Returning to the United States, the apocalypse was already starting to fall into place. As the pair wandered the streets, taking out zombies with stealth unparalleled, they were eventually picked up by Sheriff Bill on the outskirts of a satellite array.
Notes: - Jules has thalassophobia, a fear of large bodies of water (and the ocean). - Vinny, contrary to his Jules, is a firm atheist. - The pair have used multiple fake aliases on their job, mostly pop culture references.
Matthew Bell (Rogue) Age: 28
Bio: Bell was never one for speaking, not unless it was to berate someone. He was also never one to go off task, unless it was to get revenge on someone. Incredibly objective driven and considered an asset to have in a fight, it’s no surprise Bell became a police officer. Of course, this only lasted for a couple of years before Toxic Lab Military Forces picked him up, offering better equipment and training, alongside a better goal. Bell didn’t hesitate to join, becoming an asset to the group until the infection set in. Abandoned by the rest of the group by accident, Bell took on a nomadic lifestyle, moving from place to place and killing the ever-present dead along the way. He was the last person to join Sheriff Bill’s journey, and well aware that Bill would need the help. Without a word, he joined on. Notes: - Worked as a police officer before joining TMF (Riot Policeman Skin) - Prone to insulting the dead and his fellow survivors, earning him a negative reputation. - Suicidal tactics worry other TMF members (and the doctors) - Doesn’t insult Mechanic, for some reason.
Nathaniel “Austin” Landgrabb (Austin)
Age: 42
Bio: Starting life as a child from a small but poor family, Nathaniel fought tooth and nail to get somewhere in life, becoming a police officer, then a gangster, then somehow a bank manager. Of course, despite his accomplishments, Nathaniel wanted something… more. And so, he turned to a life of crime, gathering a crew of like-minded individuals and robbing various organisations and locations and amassing a wealth of money before suddenly… It all went to hell. After a job supplying a mercenary group with a disease they wanted to turn into a bioweapon, Nathaniel (now going under the nickname “Austin” as a part of the crew) started seeing cases on the news of people being infected with a strange sickness that nobody had heard of before. When the Free Hugs campaign launched, Austin started to notice that the hugs were only spreading the virus faster, and it didn’t take long for him to put two and two together and realise that he may have had something to do with it all. After thorough research in society’s final days, his questions were left unanswered. The bioweapon had been used, although what it was supposed to do even less so, not to mention the infection officially started with a plane crashing into Lamos (which was unlikely to have been involved in the mercenary group’s activities in any way). When the world fell to the infection, Austin eventually found and joined up with Sheriff Bill, wanting both peace of mind and a stop to the infection.
Notes: - Worked as a police officer in his early years (Collector Skin) - Austin’s idea of motivation (shouting loudly) is not appreciated by the rest of Bill’s group much. - Austin has a habit of looting the dead, hoping one day he’ll be able to put the money to use in a new world. - Has started drinking since the apocalypse started.
Oliver Bouchard (Chopper)
Age: 44
Bio: Oliver is a man of stature, size and strength. Mostly size, though. Having protected friends and family since he was a kid, Oliver was seen as a great person and selfless to a fault. However, upon watching his mother die of breast cancer, Oliver fell into a deep depression, letting himself go as he exiled himself to the forests, building a cabin for himself to get things off his mind. When he eventually got it all built and started moving utilities into there, he came home one night to find a young girl sleeping in his bed. When the girl eventually woke up, she was surprised to find Oliver willing to let her stay, and the pair grew close together. When the infection arrived to Oliver’s cabin, him and the girl, Maria, fought their way out of the woods, driving away until they reached a remote, desert town, a stark contrast to the cold woods from prior. There, the pair met Sheriff Bill, joining up with him to destroy the infection once more.
Notes: - Avid fan of Halloween in his younger years, even finding a clown costume to fit him during the apocalypse (Clown Chopper Skin) - Did some farm-work in his early 20s, and was surprisingly good at it (Rural Chopper Skin) - Was a police officer up until his mother died (Mountie Skin) - Protective of Maria, and very friendly towards her. Also gets on well with Diaz.
submitted by TableFruitSpecified to DeadAhead [link] [comments]


2024.03.19 19:06 fritolaidy Thank you to u/AidanSig for looking up my grandfather's WWII records

Thank you to u/AidanSig for looking up my grandfather's WWII records
Thank you to u/AidanSig for looking up my grandfather's WWII records. I'd love to share what they were able to find!
Volunteered and enlisted at Fort Snelling, MN in 1941. Commissioned as a Lieutenant by July,1942.
He wrote down his occupation as "Actor" when he enlisted, which I'm guessing he did as a joke because he was never an actor and probably thought it was funny to make something up.
On April 4, 1943, he was flying a B-26B Marauder aircraft "Judy" (serial number 41-18190) on a flight to his overseas assignment when it suffered a mechanical failure shortly after takeoff and crashed. Presumably, he wasn’t hurt badly and was assigned to another aircraft to fly overseas. Some people might have seen that as a bad omen, but knowing him, he was probably more annoyed than anything that he'd be late getting to his assignment.
Served overseas with 454th Bombardment Squadron, 323rd Bombardment Group, IX Bomber Command. The 454th Bombardment Squadron flew B-26 Marauder bombers.
On March 26, 1944 while taking off for a mission from RAF Gosfield, his B-26C Marauder “Unbearable II” (serial number 41-34945) crashed due to an engine failure. He was seemingly unhurt or only hurt slightly.
He flew 54 combat missions in the European Theater (2 more than "Rosie," which is WILD.)
Discharged as a Captain.
Awarded the Purple Heart on May 9, 1944. Awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross on July 19, 1945. Awarded 12 Air Medals.
He came back from the war, married my grandmother, had my uncle in '47 and my father in '49. He had 4 grand children and was alive to meet 3 great grand children. He passed away in 2012 at the age of 91 and is buried in Fort Snelling Cemetery.
He never spoke about his time in the war other than in 2010 when I told him I was going to Berlin for a couple weeks. He smirked and said "I've been there."
I have his officer's hat and the aviators that he wore while he was flying his 54 missions. My sister has his medals.
Here he is, the one in the middle, with Unbearable II (the plane he crashed in '44) and his crew. He went to war with black hair and came back with white. From what I've seen, this may be one of only a few pictures of him before his hair turned white.
https://preview.redd.it/6598j2t7xbpc1.jpg?width=3024&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=30d1dea115f5742b69bc0039d5ed4ae9a440864c
submitted by fritolaidy to MastersoftheAir [link] [comments]


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