Download contoh proposal pagelaran kesenian

NMIMS Assignment Sample: The Unique Solver- +91-8130817702

2024.05.29 02:53 Background-Egg5374 NMIMS Assignment Sample: The Unique Solver- +91-8130817702

Check our NMIMS assignment samples to gauge our effective quality and expertise before getting our services. For more information visit our website- and contact or WhatsApp at -+918130817702 or mail at- . Labels are- NMIMS assignment help, NMIMS solved assignments, NMIMS unique assignments, NMIMS assignment solutions, NMIMS MBA assignments, NMIMS assignment services, NMIMS solved projects, NMIMS project topics, NMIMS project assistance,NMIMS project guidance, NMIMS assignment writing service, NMIMS assignment experts,www.theuniquesolver.comsolveassignmentsale@gmail.comhttps://www.scribd.com/presentation/736761388/The-Unique-Solver-NMIMS-Assignment-help 
NMIMS assignment support, NMIMS assignment consultancy, NMIMS assignment writers,
NMIMS assignment tips, NMIMS assignment samples, NMIMS assignment resources,
NMIMS assignment assistance online, NMIMS assignment consultancy services, NMIMS solved project reports, NMIMS project proposal, NMIMS project report format, NMIMS project management, NMIMS project synopsis, NMIMS project guidance, NMIMS solved case studies, NMIMS online assignments, NMIMS assignment submission, NMIMS project presentation, NMIMS assignment help forum, NMIMS assignment writing tips, NMIMS solved assignments for MBA,NMIMS project ideas, NMIMS assignment solutions download, NMIMS project topics for MBA,NMIMS assignment help online chat, NMIMS assignment writing format, NMIMS solved assignments free download, NMIMS project submission guidelines, NMIMS assignment help review, NMIMS solved assignment papers, NMIMS assignment help India, NMIMS solved assignments plagiarism-free, NMIMS assignment help WhatsApp group, NMIMS assignment help blog, NMIMS solved assignments cost, NMIMS solved assignments with references, NMIMS project report writing. Assignment solutions, Project guidance, Academic assistance, Assignment help, Project consultancy,
Assignment writing services, Project support, Assignment experts, Project solutions, Assignment consultancy, Project writing services, Assignment support, Project experts,
Assignment assistance, Project consultancy services, Assignment writing help, Project writing help, Assignment solutions provider, Project solutions provider,
Academic solutions.
submitted by Background-Egg5374 to u/Background-Egg5374 [link] [comments]


2024.05.28 21:49 spacedebriss THE DEADPOOL THEORY

THE DEADPOOL THEORY
THE DEADPOOL THEORY
I stayed up way too late last night and got up way too early this morning trying to put this together. I should probably edit it more, but oh well. This is what I have. I need to go do some other stuff now.
NONE OF THIS IS FINANCIAL ADVICE.
Probably should have waited to post until I toiled some more. I want to add to the deadpool theory. Not take away from it, just add to it. I think the Deadpool and Retail Pool go more hand in hand. I think the Deadpool is the original pool that feeds the retail pool.
The key for me has always been how the naked shares are created. Over a year ago I honestly reached a point where the DD was a jumbled mess in my mind. I wanted to start from zero and see what I could find, but not really zero because I had read a lot of DD, thanks to others I knew what to start searching for, so I set out.
https://preview.redd.it/1qkm2bck183d1.png?width=1920&format=png&auto=webp&s=700c6d2615eeb8805943faec5977200eb3414279
CITATIONS
If you think I’m pulling all of this out of my ass similar to how naked shares are pulled out of asses then please go read my old DD with charts and figures, goes more in depth, and has some strong citations in my opinion. OR better yet go absorb some of those citations, especially these first four:
1. THREE ESSAYS ON NAKED SHORT SELLING AND FAILS-TO-DELIVER by John W. Welborn
2. MARRIED PUTS, REVERSE CONVERSIONS AND ABUSE OF THE OPTIONS MARKET MAKER EXCEPTION ON THE CHICAGO STOCK EXCHANGE by John W Welborn
3. ETF Short Interest and Failures-to-Deliver: Naked Short Selling or Operational Shorting?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ncq35zrFCAg&t=1655s
4. Exchange-Traded Funds, Fails-to-Deliver, and Market Volatility by Thomas Stratmann and John W. Welborn
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2183251
If you’re going to only read one of these then I’d make it this one.
Everybody here should read a little Welborn in my opinion. Dude is the GOAT!
SOME RELEVANT SEC FILINGS:
  1. https://www.sec.gov/investopubs/regsho.htm
  2. https://www.sec.gov/rules/2003/11/commission-guidance-rule-3b-3-and-married-put-transactions
These two are pretty good, especially for understanding the old options loophole.
PDF FILES:
DISCLAIMER: these links will try to download a PDF from the SEC’s website
3. https://www.sec.gov/rules/final/34-50103.pdf
4. https://www.sec.gov/litigation/admin/2012/34-67451.pdf
5. https://www.sec.gov/rules/final/2007/34-56212fr.pdf
6. https://www.sec.gov/rules/final/2008/34-58775fr.pdf
7. https://www.sec.gov/rules/othe2008/34-58190.pdf
8. https://www.sec.gov/rules/othe2008/34-58592.pdf
9. https://www.sec.gov/rules/othe2008/34-58572.pdf
10. https://www.sec.gov/rules/othe2008/34-58723.pdf
11. https://www.sec.gov/rules/othe2008/34-58711.pdf
12. https://www.sec.gov/rules/final/2008/34-58773.pdf
13. https://www.sec.gov/about/offices/ocie/options-trading-risk-alert.pdf
14. https://www.sec.gov/rules/final/2008/34-58775.pdf
15. https://www.sec.gov/rules/proposed/2006/34-54154.pdf
16. https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro/nscc/2020/34-89088.pdf
MORE SEC
17. https://www.sec.gov/news/press/2008/2008-143.htm
18. https://www.sec.gov/news/press/2008/2008-155.htm
19. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgadata/1159510/000137036821000064/a210729-ex992.htm
PLAYING BY THE RULES?
I wanted to research that old DD by looking at the rules of naked shorting. When I would look into old DD and theories, I kept ending up at the answer of fraud. They didn’t stand up to the rules, unless lots o’ fraud was involved. Until I got to ETFs….
Now again, if you want more info go read the first four citations up at the top. The first 2 citations are PhD papers covering possible naked shorting and the Options loophole. This is the old way, this Options loophole was closed by the SEC back in 2008. For the new ETF way of naked shorting you can explore citations 3 and 4. These two citations cover how ETFs could be used to still naked short today. This is why I always felt the reactions to my old DD were so strange. I’m basically saying there could be a monstrous naked shorting position out in the market and it could be operating under the rules. No fraud is needed! Why didn’t superstonk respond with more positivity to my old DD a year ago?! I still think that DD did a pretty good job of laying out how naked shorters could be operating under the rules.
The rules make it clear to me that:
BULLET SWAPS – Can’t be used to make naked shares of a stock. If a naked shorter points to bullet swaps as where they got the shares from then the SEC should laugh in their face. You would need a lot of SEC fraud. Bullet swaps would have other good uses, but not for the actual creation of naked shares.
REHYPOTHECATION – The idea here is that the naked shorter borrows shares infinitely. The naked shorter points to the borrow and sure the SEC could let that pass, but it should still count as a borrow. Otherwise, you need more SEC fraud to explain this one. The Market should see the naked short position because it should be tagged as borrowed, and the naked shorter would also need to pay for that borrow. These are both things the naked shorter is trying to avoid – that’s why they create naked shares rather than borrow shares. Alternatively, the naked shorter could have a deal with a broker. The naked shorter does infinite borrows off of the brokers stock, but again you would need fraud from the broker and the broker would likely demand payment on the “borrows”. For rehypothecation to work you need a lot of fraud and naked shorters would likely need to pay borrow fees. Properly creating naked shares within the rules means no borrowing would be done (could be expensive) and means no fraud has to be done.
OPTIONS – This is where it gets confusing. Options used to be used to naked short, I wrote a big DD on this about a year ago. It has a lot of pictures and deep dives into a lot of stuff including options. If you want to learn more about the options loophole, don’t read my old DD, scroll back up to the top and read some of Welborn’s Options work (citations 1 and 2).
You would need two participants to naked short back in the day and I believe that’s how it’s still done today. One would be a Market Maker and one would typically be a Hedge Fund. The Market Maker had special privileges around options, MMs and only MMs could point to un-exercised options as a locate for shares. They create shares out of thin air and send them to a hedge fund. The hedge fund sells the MM back futures contracts and/or calls. The Market Maker uses the calls as a locates and the Market is none the wiser. Or is just apathetic. But they were technically following the rules as written. These packages of naked shares would have been built with options, futures, and naked shares all packaged together. This Options Market Maker loophole went away in 2008.
Options should not be an effective loophole for creating massive amounts of naked shares anymore. Again, you would need lots of SEC fraud.
ETFs – I’m not just throwing ETFs out there. There is a fucking fantastic Welborn paper (citation 4) and also a youtube video from a business professor (citation 3) on ETFs and how ETFs could possibly be used to naked short. To use ETFs you would still need a Market Maker and a Hedge Fund (the HF could be another MM or big institution). The Market Maker has special privileges. 1. They can pull shares out of ETFs. 2. They can also set future redemption/creation dates with that same Hedge Fund and not tell anybody. It seems the Options loophole to naked short was replaced with an ETF redemption/creation loophole to naked short.
Here’s a footnote in an SEC filing – I think this could be a smoking gun:
https://preview.redd.it/212l1xyk183d1.png?width=593&format=png&auto=webp&s=f964a0d412ba172e208b401867174531e025d5fb
Page 10 from: https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro/nscc/2020/34-89088.pdf
The new ETF loophole:
  1. The Market Maker and the Hedge Fund enter into an agreement that the Market Maker will create ETFs for the Hedge Fund far in the future.
  2. The Market Maker sends naked ETFs to the Hedge Fund.
  3. The Hedge Fund sends the naked ETFs back to the Market Maker and redeems them (requests) that the ETFs be opened up for the (naked) shares inside.
If the SEC comes sniffing around they’re just going to see a bunch of shares sitting in the Hedge Funds account. They were pulled out of an ETF for him by the Market Maker. The SEC goes to the Market Maker and the Market Maker says, “yep, pulled ‘‘em out of ETFs for the Hedge Fund.” SEC says, “cool”.
If the SEC goes back to the Hedge Fund and asks where they got the ETFs from he points to the Market Maker. SEC, “sounds good, can I leave you my resume?”
If the SEC goes to the Market Maker and asks where he got the ETFs, the Market Maker would probably say, “Ha! Fuck if I know! I could buy and sell a million of that fucking ETF in a day. You want to look through our ledgers?” SEC, “Oh. I should probably take ‘em, but I’ll just look at porn instead. You guys hiring?”
  1. 4. The Hedge Fund now has naked shares from the Market Maker that look like real shares to the SEC. The Hedge Fund can sell them into the market to naked short and it just looks like selling shares. The Deadpool has been created.
The Deadpool. Naked shorters creating a pool of naked shares between themselves. Now they’d likely want to set expirations for this position far in the future. The Deadpool was just to create the original naked shares. You want to naked short the stock into the ground which could take decades, so you’d want this pool you created to last as long as possible.
These naked shares from the Market Maker to the Hedge Fund would be insured through futures and/or LEAPS. I believe they would likely insure them with one another using futures contracts instead of LEAPS, but I’m not positive. Either way, this “insurance” means that if it gets to expiration and the Hedge Fund hasn’t delivered shares, the Market Maker can use those futures contracts to force delivery. But why might we also see naked shorters holding huge amounts of options? The options could be hedging and leveraging with the wider market (not other naked shorters).
So, if naked shorters are using futures to insure that they won’t be left holding the bag with one another then they would likely want to use common expiration dates for LEAPS. That lets them grab some “insurance” (Call Options) and extra leverage (Put Options) from non-naked shorters. If the naked shorters position blows up and they owe the other naked shorter shares then they can use their calls to get some shares from the market. Or if they’re position does well then they can make extra profits off of their puts.
Here’s a diagram that will hopefully explain some of this better:
https://preview.redd.it/b7v91mel183d1.png?width=768&format=png&auto=webp&s=fea8fab9bbd7dc881d1b08f467b80b0047fd46ca
The Hedge Fund is selling the naked shares from the Deadpool through the Market Maker into retail hands. Now the hedge fund like the market maker is going to want some futures or calls to make sure the market maker sells the shares back to him. But they’ll probably do this on a shorter timeline. Maybe they built the dealpool with three year expirations. Now they’ll naked short to retail probably using 1 year expirations.
I think retails average is about nine months for holding a stock. A year should be enough time to find a new share to buy in order to close/roll an old naked share. Retail naked shares would likely expire every March, June, September, December. Naked shorters are constantly closing and rolling their naked shorts with retail throughout the year. Or at least that’s the idea, usually retail sells pretty quickly and naked shorters can keep driving the price down.
Here’s a diagram to visualize deadpools and retail pools together. The red is the deadpool. The deadpools are the original pools of naked shares that are created with long expirations. It would make sense to have these expire three years out so 1. they last long – don’t have to keep creating naked shares and 2. they can be hedged/leveraged with the wider market using common expiration dates.
Then the yellow would be the pools of naked shares that are sold to retail. These would have shorter expirations because ideally the naked shorter would want to churn these in a year or less.
The naked shorters create a big deadpool of naked shares that will expire in three years. Then, if they’re using 1 year expirations with retail, they can use those naked shares in the market up to three times.
https://preview.redd.it/7fe2fwzl183d1.png?width=1366&format=png&auto=webp&s=029649336a89107a0519a9198fedee49929cc59c
Now look at where expiration dates line up between red pools and yellow pools. January and June. January and June are common expiration dates for LEAPS. Again, if the naked shorters want to hedge/leverage with the wider market then these would be the expiration dates they would want to build their naked shares around.
If the naked shares are built in this way then January of 2021 could have been a time where some of the Retail Pool and some of the Deadpool were expiring. Let’s say it’s a big expiration time and there are not enough shares. Maybe some DFV dude and a bunch of other retail investors are buying calls and shares. In this scenario, the Market Maker would try to find shares to close/roll the position. If unable, then the Hedge Fund would need to exercise their “insurance” and demand the shares from the MM. The Market Maker also has “insurance” though because he’s the big boy and he won’t be left holding the bag. The MM throws down his uno reverse card and screams, “No! You!”
BASKET THEORY – Why do other stocks move hard with GME at certain times?
Alright, let’s say naked shorters are building their positions how I’ve laid out. When naked shorters open the ETFs at the beginning of the deadpool, they are also pulling out naked shares of other companies. They could use those shares for a lot of different things. They could hold them and sell options to make money. Or they could also naked short some of those companies too.
Maybe, they open an ETF and pull out naked GME and some naked shares of another company. They could also naked short the other stocks into the market. It would move differently on a shorter timescale to GME because they’re rolling the position with retail a year at a time. It might move more in line with GME on a longer time scale.
When the deadpool expires they need to finish buying shares and creating ETFs. That could mean buying a bunch of different stocks at one time. Buy some the remaining GME, STOCK B, STOCK C, etc. and close/finish rolling your deadpool position by packaging those shares up into nice little ETFs.
2021 – 2024
This could all explain some of the wild stuff we’ve been seeing lately.
  1. Big price movement could signify that a big chunk of the deadpool opened three years ago could be expiring. Was all of that position rolled? Was a really big chunk of the deadpool created three years ago? I honestly have no clue.
  2. June would likely be when a chunk of retail naked shares also need to be closed/rolled. Retail naked shares expiring would be a yearly occurrence.
  3. Price movement of unrelated stocks. If a big chunk of the deadpool was built three years ago and is now expiring that would mean that shares need to be bought in order to finally create some ETFs. ETFs are made from baskets of stocks. If a naked shorters need to buy some other companies to build their ETFs then you could see price jumps in unrelated stocks.
  4. The naked shorted company sells some shares. Sure, some suspicious shit happened with your stock and maybe it could be naked shorting, but naked shorting is illegal and shorts closed, right? Really you just need cash to revolutionize your company so you put it out there that you’d like to start sell some shares. This could look like an off ramp for anyone who was naked shorting or someone who inherited a bunch of naked shorts. Might as well ask if you can get some of those shares. You know exactly when a large chunk of the deadpool is expiring because you’re know holding that toxic shit, so you’ll wait until the last minute to get out. How do you “insure” you can get out? If you can’t get enough shares directly from the company or from the market then your next best bet is options…
  5. Lots of options being bought lately. Let’s say you know you need a shit ton of shares soon and you have a pretty strong feeling that the stock price could rocket soon. You have a finite amount of cash you can spend on shares. You can buy options! We covered how they’re like insurance.
Let’s keep the math simple and use 100 batches since options are sold in 100 share batches. You need 100 shares of Stock A by June 22nd. Stock A is around $20. You do the math and find out you have enough money to buy 100 shares and 1 $20 call. 100 shares of stock A at $20 would be $2000 and let’s say the call would be about $200. You have $2200 total. Now, there’s no guarantee that you can get 100 shares in the market for $20, especially if you think buying pressure is about to turn on hard. By your 100th share you could be paying a lot more, meaning your $2200 could run out before you have 100 shares.
And you NEED 100 shares! The call insures that someone else has to find the shares for $20 each. You spend your $200 on the call option expiring June 22nd. Now you’re guaranteed to get your 100 shares for $20 each even if the price skyrockets. You spent $2200 on 100 shares.
Again, no one knows who is buying these calls or why, but this could line up nicely with my theory that a chunk of the deadpool is expiring soon.
I don’t want to get anyone excited for MOASS. I’ve made bad predictions in the past. In the past I thought a MOASS would probably happen in March, but that was because I hadn’t connected the deadpool to everything. Don’t get hyped, but if deadpools are built with January and June expirations then it would make sense that MOASS could happen in January or June. It would explain why naked shorters almost got fucked in January 2021. If, they were able to survive and push a huge chunk of their deadpool out three years then June 2024 could be a rough time for them. I’m not going to say it’s a guarantee of a MOASS this June/July. I will say that I really would not want to be a naked shorter trying to roll a bad bet on GME this June.
Now this is all conjecture, but what if part of the deadpool needed to be rolled in January of 2021? Meaning the Hedge Fund needed to settle up with the Market Maker so they could finish closing the deadpool and keep the position rolling.
Now the Deadpool was the original pool of naked shares. The Market Maker pulled these naked shares out of ETFs and sent them to the Hedge Fund. Naked shorters usually want to keep the train going until the company is bankrupt so they’d usually keep closing and rolling the deadpool until that happens.
So, if you’ve followed along then January of 2021 could have been a pretty key date where a Market Maker may have needed to buy to settle a portion of the Retail Pool. These would be shares that the Hedge Fund naked shorted to retail through the Market Maker – insuring with futures and/or LEAPS. Then the Hedge Fund would have also needed to finish settling a portion of the Deadpool back to the Market Maker that’s about to expire. Again, these deadpool naked shares are the original naked shares pulled out of ETFs, probably three years ago. They’ve been using and abusing that naked share with retail for three years, probably a year or so at a time.
If the position blew up, say in January of 2021 then some Hedge Funds would have also blown the fuck up. First, the market maker would go to the market and try to buy shares. No shares. The market maker turns to the hedge fund and says, “sorry, no shares.” This is why the Hedge Fund bough “insurance” or hedged with his “buddy”. The Hedge Fund uses his contracts with the Market Maker to say, “here’s the cash, where are the shares?”
The Market Maker plays his reverse uno card: The original contracts he made with the Hedge Fund when the naked shares were created and says, “No! You!”
Hedge Fund: Fuck! There are no shares!
MM: Not my problem. Where are my shares?
Market: No shares.
The Market Maker has the Hedge Funds other positions liquidated until there’s enough cash to buy shares in the market. In asinine cases where this happens the market might allow the Market Maker to just turn off the buy button to save his sorry ass. This is considered by many to be complete bullshit.
The deadpool is closed/rolled. Possibly three years into the future. 2021 to 2024.
I think there might always be a Deadpool that then feeds the Retail Pool.
My other DD adds to the Deadpool theory and rehashes some of this, but the gist is that if you can create a deadpool with your “buddy” then could you just add a ton to the deadpool three years ago through the market to drive the price down and not add it to the retail pool. In other words, more naked shares that drive the price down, but they end up in your “friends” hands. He also want to drive the price down so you can worry less.
Adding to the deadpool in a really desperate time would make sense to me. Now if a bunch of shares were added to the deadpool three years ago and were split by the splividend then how does that all work? I think with a normal split, naked shares that are split in the deadpool could be settled with cash. Does the splividend change that?
In other words, if there were a bunch of naked shares shat into the deadpool three years ago. Then they were split, but delivery was delayed until expiration. And now they’re finally expiring. Can they be settled with cash or do real shares need to be bought to fulfill the long overdue splividend?
THE DRS POOL
https://preview.redd.it/rtxz74em183d1.png?width=1366&format=png&auto=webp&s=60d875bd27f7567deeb55e34c9f0283127d973af
This just tries to simplify thing. The way the naked share is likely built results in it ending up in a deadpool between the naked shorters. They then pull naked shares from the deadpool and send them out into the market to naked short.
Good thing, you have recourse! Believe you’ve been sold a naked share?! Your only way to truly find out if you have a real share or not is by DRSing. Pull your shares into the DRS Pool. Now you can have peace of mind that it’s a real share.
ENDGAME
If I were a naked shorter facing a potential MOASS, what would I do?
  1. CHAOS & INFIGHTING – I would make sure I have as much control over the group as I could. If a MOASS pops off then I want to get hodlers fighting and not listening to one another. Confusion! Panic! Sell! I need their shares! I need hodlers to sell!
If I’m a naked shorter then I don’t want people to stay calm. I don’t want them learning about the market or sharing what they’ve learned. I want confusion.
  1. FEAR OF CALLS – Yes, I am pro options, but no I’m not telling you to go buy options. Options are risky, but if you know what you’re doing they can be very beneficial. In this scenario, I’m a naked shorter facing down a MOASS and I want people to sell shares. I really don’t want hodlers buying LONG CALLS or LEAPS. These are call options shot way out into the future, they’re risky, but less risky then short term options. Now, if I’m a naked shorter why don’t I want hodlers buying LONG CALLS?
  2. I could hedge that position by buying shares – if I’m super naked I probably won’t though. But if someone else sells the call they might hedge by buying shares.
  3. I want shares! I NEED shares! If I start smashing that buy button and no one sells then the price goes up until someone does. If everyone is hodling their shares and the price is going up then CALL options are getting more expensive. That means if hodlers have shares and calls they can sell the calls for profits and not sell me (the naked shorter) a single one of their shares. They can keep hodling, and/or use call profits to buy more shares and/or buy calls.
The price rises. Hodlers sell their calls for profits instead of their shares. I can’t find shares. The price rises. Hopefully, you get the picture.
HOW WOULD A MOASS START IN THIS SCENARIO?
Alright, we don’t know why a MOASS would pop off. It would probably be expiration dates and/or too many DRSd shares. But we still actually do know why: naked shorting, not enough shares, buy button smashed, price goes boom!
If it’s built the way I explained here, then MOASS means the Market Maker went to the market to buy some shares and there weren’t enough shares. But they like REALLY NEED SHARES. The price rises.
If it gets to expiration of some of the retail naked shares and they haven’t been rolled then the position starts unraveling.
MM: No shares.
HF: Contract. Shares now!
MM: No! You!
HF: Fuck.
MM: Margin Call
HF: I’m dying.
Let’s say this is what happened last time. The Hedge Funds blew up, if it happened again, would it now be a Market Maker and a bigger Market Maker stuck in this death loop?
MM: I have assumed the position.
lol
MM: Fuck, you know what I meant. I absorbed the HF’s toxic naked shorts!
So, if the Market Maker absorbed the naked short side of the play and is now the one who will be margin called. Who absorbed the Market Maker’s side? The one holding the “No! You!” reverse uno card this time around? If the Market Maker can’t survive like the Hedge Fund? Can the new guy survive like the MM did last time?
TL;DR
Some PhD papers by Welborn everyone needs to read like three years ago!
Options were used to naked short in the past – Welborn explains how.
ETFs likely used now – again, read Welborn. Please!
I layout how ETFs are likely pulled apart and shuffled around to create naked shares or what I like to call a deadpool. Dead shares that shouldn’t even exist.
Then the deadpool is pulled from to send naked shares into the market.
Again, if you want to learn how I got here I have a long DD from a year ago in my history OR preferably go read Welborn’s work.
The way this is all done means because of the way the naked shares are sent to market there could be weird price movement around triple-witching dates. March/April, June/July, SeptembeOctober, DecembeJanuary. Triple-witching dates are March, June, September, December, but I push them out a month because Market Makers get a little extra leeway that us common folk don’t get. Again, in my old DD I talk about why they could potentially have an extra month tacked onto their expirations.
Then because of the way the shares are originally pulled out of ETFs there could be weird movement around common expirations for LEAPS. January and June.
January and June could be extra special times where a batch of naked shares are expiring in the hands of retail and need to finish being rolled. While, also having a batch of naked shares originally created for the deadpool that need to finish being rolled.
I know this is all confusing, but basically I believe the rules allow a loophole for naked shorting through ETFs. I believe the way those naked shares are created makes a deadpool parked with naked shorters. When they want to match a buy on the market (retail buys a share) they then pull a naked share out of the deadpool and send it to retail. Naked shares in the deadpool hangout for about three years at a time meaning they need to be closed or rolled within 3 years. Naked shares to retail would likely be done with a 1 year expiration since retail usually churns through shares fast. You’re able to create a naked share and sell it to retail and buy it back and sell it and buy it several times before the naked share needs to be renewed (rolled – a new naked share created and the old one finally closed).
Using ETFs could also explain weird movements in other stocks. If you’re already pulling a bunch of different stocks out of the ETF (not just GME) then you could use some of those naked shares to naked short other stocks as well. You’d be selling to retail at different times so the price may not move in tandem around the triple-witching dates, but they could move similarly around deadpool expiration dates. Remember, to close the naked shares from the deadpool you need to buy shares and create the ETFs. January 2021 could be a time where you need to buy a bunch of different stocks to close/roll some of the deadpool. June 2024 could also be a time where naked shorters might need to buy a bunch of different stocks in order to finally create some ETFs. You might see some unrelated stocks suddenly increasing in price at the same time.
In my opinion, if a stock is heavily naked shorted, then a MOASS would kick off for 1 of 2 reasons.
  1. All or enough of the Real Shares are DRSd, and the naked short position is revealed in the market.
  2. Converging expiration dates cause naked shorters to buy large amounts of stock at one time mixed with strong retail buying. I think this may have been what happened in January 2021 – it’s a common expiration date for the derivatives used to naked short and there was strong retail buying. It’s possible something similar is happening in June of 2024 – a common expiration date and would be 3 years from 2021 allowing for LEAPS to be bought on the wider market. And this time around, there’s also still strong buy pressure, hodling, and DRSing.
This summer could be exciting, but it’s not a MOASS guarantee. I think DRSing and hodling is the only true guarantee to uncover naked shorting.
submitted by spacedebriss to GME [link] [comments]


2024.05.28 21:45 spacedebriss THE DEADPOOL THEORY

THE DEADPOOL THEORY
THE DEADPOOL THEORY
I stayed up way too late last night and got up way too early this morning trying to put this together. I should probably edit it more, but oh well. This is what I have. I need to go do some other stuff now.
NONE OF THIS IS FINANCIAL ADVICE.
Probably should have waited to post until I toiled some more. I want to add to the deadpool theory. Not take away from it, just add to it. I think the Deadpool and Retail Pool go more hand in hand. I think the Deadpool is the original pool that feeds the retail pool.
The key for me has always been how the naked shares are created. Over a year ago I honestly reached a point where the DD was a jumbled mess in my mind. I wanted to start from zero and see what I could find, but not really zero because I had read a lot of DD, thanks to others I knew what to start searching for, so I set out.
https://preview.redd.it/kx9s01yz083d1.png?width=1920&format=png&auto=webp&s=134e135f9a393230b850ad5f96493d402a4aad14

CITATIONS
If you think I’m pulling all of this out of my ass similar to how naked shares are pulled out of asses then please go read my old DD with charts and figures, goes more in depth, and has some strong citations in my opinion. OR better yet go absorb some of those citations, especially these first four:
1. THREE ESSAYS ON NAKED SHORT SELLING AND FAILS-TO-DELIVER by John W. Welborn
2. MARRIED PUTS, REVERSE CONVERSIONS AND ABUSE OF THE OPTIONS MARKET MAKER EXCEPTION ON THE CHICAGO STOCK EXCHANGE by John W Welborn
3. ETF Short Interest and Failures-to-Deliver: Naked Short Selling or Operational Shorting?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ncq35zrFCAg&t=1655s
4. Exchange-Traded Funds, Fails-to-Deliver, and Market Volatility by Thomas Stratmann and John W. Welborn
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2183251
If you’re going to only read one of these then I’d make it this one.
Everybody here should read a little Welborn in my opinion. Dude is the GOAT!
SOME RELEVANT SEC FILINGS:
  1. https://www.sec.gov/investopubs/regsho.htm
  2. https://www.sec.gov/rules/2003/11/commission-guidance-rule-3b-3-and-married-put-transactions
These two are pretty good, especially for understanding the old options loophole.
PDF FILES:
DISCLAIMER: these links will try to download a PDF from the SEC’s website
3. https://www.sec.gov/rules/final/34-50103.pdf
4. https://www.sec.gov/litigation/admin/2012/34-67451.pdf
5. https://www.sec.gov/rules/final/2007/34-56212fr.pdf
6. https://www.sec.gov/rules/final/2008/34-58775fr.pdf
7. https://www.sec.gov/rules/othe2008/34-58190.pdf
8. https://www.sec.gov/rules/othe2008/34-58592.pdf
9. https://www.sec.gov/rules/othe2008/34-58572.pdf
10. https://www.sec.gov/rules/othe2008/34-58723.pdf
11. https://www.sec.gov/rules/othe2008/34-58711.pdf
12. https://www.sec.gov/rules/final/2008/34-58773.pdf
13. https://www.sec.gov/about/offices/ocie/options-trading-risk-alert.pdf
14. https://www.sec.gov/rules/final/2008/34-58775.pdf
15. https://www.sec.gov/rules/proposed/2006/34-54154.pdf
16. https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro/nscc/2020/34-89088.pdf
MORE SEC
17. https://www.sec.gov/news/press/2008/2008-143.htm
18. https://www.sec.gov/news/press/2008/2008-155.htm
19. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgadata/1159510/000137036821000064/a210729-ex992.htm
PLAYING BY THE RULES?
I wanted to research that old DD by looking at the rules of naked shorting. When I would look into old DD and theories, I kept ending up at the answer of fraud. They didn’t stand up to the rules, unless lots o’ fraud was involved. Until I got to ETFs….
Now again, if you want more info go read the first four citations up at the top. The first 2 citations are PhD papers covering possible naked shorting and the Options loophole. This is the old way, this Options loophole was closed by the SEC back in 2008. For the new ETF way of naked shorting you can explore citations 3 and 4. These two citations cover how ETFs could be used to still naked short today. This is why I always felt the reactions to my old DD were so strange. I’m basically saying there could be a monstrous naked shorting position out in the market and it could be operating under the rules. No fraud is needed! Why didn’t superstonk respond with more positivity to my old DD a year ago?! I still think that DD did a pretty good job of laying out how naked shorters could be operating under the rules.
The rules make it clear to me that:
BULLET SWAPS – Can’t be used to make naked shares of a stock. If a naked shorter points to bullet swaps as where they got the shares from then the SEC should laugh in their face. You would need a lot of SEC fraud. Bullet swaps would have other good uses, but not for the actual creation of naked shares.
REHYPOTHECATION – The idea here is that the naked shorter borrows shares infinitely. The naked shorter points to the borrow and sure the SEC could let that pass, but it should still count as a borrow. Otherwise, you need more SEC fraud to explain this one. The Market should see the naked short position because it should be tagged as borrowed, and the naked shorter would also need to pay for that borrow. These are both things the naked shorter is trying to avoid – that’s why they create naked shares rather than borrow shares. Alternatively, the naked shorter could have a deal with a broker. The naked shorter does infinite borrows off of the brokers stock, but again you would need fraud from the broker and the broker would likely demand payment on the “borrows”. For rehypothecation to work you need a lot of fraud and naked shorters would likely need to pay borrow fees. Properly creating naked shares within the rules means no borrowing would be done (could be expensive) and means no fraud has to be done.
OPTIONS – This is where it gets confusing. Options used to be used to naked short, I wrote a big DD on this about a year ago. It has a lot of pictures and deep dives into a lot of stuff including options. If you want to learn more about the options loophole, don’t read my old DD, scroll back up to the top and read some of Welborn’s Options work (citations 1 and 2).
You would need two participants to naked short back in the day and I believe that’s how it’s still done today. One would be a Market Maker and one would typically be a Hedge Fund. The Market Maker had special privileges around options, MMs and only MMs could point to un-exercised options as a locate for shares. They create shares out of thin air and send them to a hedge fund. The hedge fund sells the MM back futures contracts and/or calls. The Market Maker uses the calls as a locates and the Market is none the wiser. Or is just apathetic. But they were technically following the rules as written. These packages of naked shares would have been built with options, futures, and naked shares all packaged together. This Options Market Maker loophole went away in 2008.
Options should not be an effective loophole for creating massive amounts of naked shares anymore. Again, you would need lots of SEC fraud.
ETFs – I’m not just throwing ETFs out there. There is a fucking fantastic Welborn paper (citation 4) and also a youtube video from a business professor (citation 3) on ETFs and how ETFs could possibly be used to naked short. To use ETFs you would still need a Market Maker and a Hedge Fund (the HF could be another MM or big institution). The Market Maker has special privileges. 1. They can pull shares out of ETFs. 2. They can also set future redemption/creation dates with that same Hedge Fund and not tell anybody. It seems the Options loophole to naked short was replaced with an ETF redemption/creation loophole to naked short.
Here’s a footnote in an SEC filing – I think this could be a smoking gun:
https://preview.redd.it/7u7rs7t0183d1.png?width=593&format=png&auto=webp&s=ce911b6ef047ade8526551280a8642bc3fee6c96

Page 10 from: https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro/nscc/2020/34-89088.pdf
The new ETF loophole:
  1. The Market Maker and the Hedge Fund enter into an agreement that the Market Maker will create ETFs for the Hedge Fund far in the future.
  2. The Market Maker sends naked ETFs to the Hedge Fund.
  3. The Hedge Fund sends the naked ETFs back to the Market Maker and redeems them (requests) that the ETFs be opened up for the (naked) shares inside.
If the SEC comes sniffing around they’re just going to see a bunch of shares sitting in the Hedge Funds account. They were pulled out of an ETF for him by the Market Maker. The SEC goes to the Market Maker and the Market Maker says, “yep, pulled ‘‘em out of ETFs for the Hedge Fund.” SEC says, “cool”.
If the SEC goes back to the Hedge Fund and asks where they got the ETFs from he points to the Market Maker. SEC, “sounds good, can I leave you my resume?”
If the SEC goes to the Market Maker and asks where he got the ETFs, the Market Maker would probably say, “Ha! Fuck if I know! I could buy and sell a million of that fucking ETF in a day. You want to look through our ledgers?” SEC, “Oh. I should probably take ‘em, but I’ll just look at porn instead. You guys hiring?”
  1. 4. The Hedge Fund now has naked shares from the Market Maker that look like real shares to the SEC. The Hedge Fund can sell them into the market to naked short and it just looks like selling shares. The Deadpool has been created.
The Deadpool. Naked shorters creating a pool of naked shares between themselves. Now they’d likely want to set expirations for this position far in the future. The Deadpool was just to create the original naked shares. You want to naked short the stock into the ground which could take decades, so you’d want this pool you created to last as long as possible.
These naked shares from the Market Maker to the Hedge Fund would be insured through futures and/or LEAPS. I believe they would likely insure them with one another using futures contracts instead of LEAPS, but I’m not positive. Either way, this “insurance” means that if it gets to expiration and the Hedge Fund hasn’t delivered shares, the Market Maker can use those futures contracts to force delivery. But why might we also see naked shorters holding huge amounts of options? The options could be hedging and leveraging with the wider market (not other naked shorters).
So, if naked shorters are using futures to insure that they won’t be left holding the bag with one another then they would likely want to use common expiration dates for LEAPS. That lets them grab some “insurance” (Call Options) and extra leverage (Put Options) from non-naked shorters. If the naked shorters position blows up and they owe the other naked shorter shares then they can use their calls to get some shares from the market. Or if they’re position does well then they can make extra profits off of their puts.
Here’s a diagram that will hopefully explain some of this better:
https://preview.redd.it/0k0k50k1183d1.png?width=768&format=png&auto=webp&s=e6834a6efc5fc4630ffcf542dd3222f5d6fd4055

The Hedge Fund is selling the naked shares from the Deadpool through the Market Maker into retail hands. Now the hedge fund like the market maker is going to want some futures or calls to make sure the market maker sells the shares back to him. But they’ll probably do this on a shorter timeline. Maybe they built the dealpool with three year expirations. Now they’ll naked short to retail probably using 1 year expirations.
I think retails average is about nine months for holding a stock. A year should be enough time to find a new share to buy in order to close/roll an old naked share. Retail naked shares would likely expire every March, June, September, December. Naked shorters are constantly closing and rolling their naked shorts with retail throughout the year. Or at least that’s the idea, usually retail sells pretty quickly and naked shorters can keep driving the price down.
Here’s a diagram to visualize deadpools and retail pools together. The red is the deadpool. The deadpools are the original pools of naked shares that are created with long expirations. It would make sense to have these expire three years out so 1. they last long – don’t have to keep creating naked shares and 2. they can be hedged/leveraged with the wider market using common expiration dates.
Then the yellow would be the pools of naked shares that are sold to retail. These would have shorter expirations because ideally the naked shorter would want to churn these in a year or less.
The naked shorters create a big deadpool of naked shares that will expire in three years. Then, if they’re using 1 year expirations with retail, they can use those naked shares in the market up to three times.
https://preview.redd.it/9plf8u92183d1.png?width=1366&format=png&auto=webp&s=a29d688b91802dc2fe01416a00a5b96a014ede8f

Now look at where expiration dates line up between red pools and yellow pools. January and June. January and June are common expiration dates for LEAPS. Again, if the naked shorters want to hedge/leverage with the wider market then these would be the expiration dates they would want to build their naked shares around.
If the naked shares are built in this way then January of 2021 could have been a time where some of the Retail Pool and some of the Deadpool were expiring. Let’s say it’s a big expiration time and there are not enough shares. Maybe some DFV dude and a bunch of other retail investors are buying calls and shares. In this scenario, the Market Maker would try to find shares to close/roll the position. If unable, then the Hedge Fund would need to exercise their “insurance” and demand the shares from the MM. The Market Maker also has “insurance” though because he’s the big boy and he won’t be left holding the bag. The MM throws down his uno reverse card and screams, “No! You!”
BASKET THEORY – Why do other stocks move hard with GME at certain times?
Alright, let’s say naked shorters are building their positions how I’ve laid out. When naked shorters open the ETFs at the beginning of the deadpool, they are also pulling out naked shares of other companies. They could use those shares for a lot of different things. They could hold them and sell options to make money. Or they could also naked short some of those companies too.
Maybe, they open an ETF and pull out naked GME and some naked POPCORN. They could also naked short POPCORN into the market. It would move differently on a shorter timescale to GME because they’re rolling the position with retail a year at a time. It might move more in line with GME on a longer time scale.
When the deadpool expires they need to finish buying shares and creating ETFs. That could mean buying a bunch of different stocks at one time. Buy some the remaining GME, POPCORN, HEADPHONES, etc. and close/finish rolling your deadpool position by packaging those shares up into nice little ETFs.
2021 – 2024
This could all explain some of the wild stuff we’ve been seeing lately.
  1. Big price movement could signify that a big chunk of the deadpool opened three years ago could be expiring. Was all of that position rolled? Was a really big chunk of the deadpool created three years ago? I honestly have no clue.
  2. June would likely be when a chunk of retail naked shares also need to be closed/rolled. Retail naked shares expiring would be a yearly occurrence.
  3. Price movement of unrelated stocks. If a big chunk of the deadpool was built three years ago and is now expiring that would mean that shares need to be bought in order to finally create some ETFs. ETFs are made from baskets of stocks. If a naked shorters need to buy some other companies to build their ETFs then you could see price jumps in unrelated stocks.
  4. The naked shorted company sells some shares. Sure, some suspicious shit happened with your stock and maybe it could be naked shorting, but naked shorting is illegal and shorts closed, right? Really you just need cash to revolutionize your company so you put it out there that you’d like to start sell some shares. This could look like an off ramp for anyone who was naked shorting or someone who inherited a bunch of naked shorts. Might as well ask if you can get some of those shares. You know exactly when a large chunk of the deadpool is expiring because you’re know holding that toxic shit, so you’ll wait until the last minute to get out. How do you “insure” you can get out? If you can’t get enough shares directly from the company or from the market then your next best bet is options…
  5. Lots of options being bought lately. Let’s say you know you need a shit ton of shares soon and you have a pretty strong feeling that the stock price could rocket soon. You have a finite amount of cash you can spend on shares. You can buy options! We covered how they’re like insurance.
Let’s keep the math simple and use 100 batches since options are sold in 100 share batches. You need 100 shares of Stock A by June 22nd. Stock A is around $20. You do the math and find out you have enough money to buy 100 shares and 1 $20 call. 100 shares of stock A at $20 would be $2000 and let’s say the call would be about $200. You have $2200 total. Now, there’s no guarantee that you can get 100 shares in the market for $20, especially if you think buying pressure is about to turn on hard. By your 100th share you could be paying a lot more, meaning your $2200 could run out before you have 100 shares.
And you NEED 100 shares! The call insures that someone else has to find the shares for $20 each. You spend your $200 on the call option expiring June 22nd. Now you’re guaranteed to get your 100 shares for $20 each even if the price skyrockets. You spent $2200 on 100 shares.
Again, no one knows who is buying these calls or why, but this could line up nicely with my theory that a chunk of the deadpool is expiring soon.
I don’t want to get anyone excited for MOASS. I’ve made bad predictions in the past. In the past I thought a MOASS would probably happen in March, but that was because I hadn’t connected the deadpool to everything. Don’t get hyped, but if deadpools are built with January and June expirations then it would make sense that MOASS could happen in January or June. It would explain why naked shorters almost got fucked in January 2021. If, they were able to survive and push a huge chunk of their deadpool out three years then June 2024 could be a rough time for them. I’m not going to say it’s a guarantee of a MOASS this June/July. I will say that I really would not want to be a naked shorter trying to roll a bad bet on GME this June.
Now this is all conjecture, but what if part of the deadpool needed to be rolled in January of 2021? Meaning the Hedge Fund needed to settle up with the Market Maker so they could finish closing the deadpool and keep the position rolling.
Now the Deadpool was the original pool of naked shares. The Market Maker pulled these naked shares out of ETFs and sent them to the Hedge Fund. Naked shorters usually want to keep the train going until the company is bankrupt so they’d usually keep closing and rolling the deadpool until that happens.
So, if you’ve followed along then January of 2021 could have been a pretty key date where a Market Maker may have needed to buy to settle a portion of the Retail Pool. These would be shares that the Hedge Fund naked shorted to retail through the Market Maker – insuring with futures and/or LEAPS. Then the Hedge Fund would have also needed to finish settling a portion of the Deadpool back to the Market Maker that’s about to expire. Again, these deadpool naked shares are the original naked shares pulled out of ETFs, probably three years ago. They’ve been using and abusing that naked share with retail for three years, probably a year or so at a time.
If the position blew up, say in January of 2021 then some Hedge Funds would have also blown the fuck up. First, the market maker would go to the market and try to buy shares. No shares. The market maker turns to the hedge fund and says, “sorry, no shares.” This is why the Hedge Fund bough “insurance” or hedged with his “buddy”. The Hedge Fund uses his contracts with the Market Maker to say, “here’s the cash, where are the shares?”
The Market Maker plays his reverse uno card: The original contracts he made with the Hedge Fund when the naked shares were created and says, “No! You!”
Hedge Fund: Fuck! There are no shares!
MM: Not my problem. Where are my shares?
Market: No shares.
The Market Maker has the Hedge Funds other positions liquidated until there’s enough cash to buy shares in the market. In asinine cases where this happens the market might allow the Market Maker to just turn off the buy button to save his sorry ass. This is considered by many to be complete bullshit.
The deadpool is closed/rolled. Possibly three years into the future. 2021 to 2024.
I think there might always be a Deadpool that then feeds the Retail Pool.
My other DD adds to the Deadpool theory and rehashes some of this, but the gist is that if you can create a deadpool with your “buddy” then could you just add a ton to the deadpool three years ago through the market to drive the price down and not add it to the retail pool. In other words, more naked shares that drive the price down, but they end up in your “friends” hands. He also want to drive the price down so you can worry less.
Adding to the deadpool in a really desperate time would make sense to me. Now if a bunch of shares were added to the deadpool three years ago and were split by the splividend then how does that all work? I think with a normal split, naked shares that are split in the deadpool could be settled with cash. Does the splividend change that?
In other words, if there were a bunch of naked shares shat into the deadpool three years ago. Then they were split, but delivery was delayed until expiration. And now they’re finally expiring. Can they be settled with cash or do real shares need to be bought to fulfill the long overdue splividend?
THE DRS POOL
https://preview.redd.it/x6uj1n24183d1.png?width=1366&format=png&auto=webp&s=7887d54ea5fcaff20e6c65865826657c4b9c13cf

This just tries to simplify thing. The way the naked share is likely built results in it ending up in a deadpool between the naked shorters. They then pull naked shares from the deadpool and send them out into the market to naked short.
Good thing, you have recourse! Believe you’ve been sold a naked share?! Your only way to truly find out if you have a real share or not is by DRSing. Pull your shares into the DRS Pool. Now you can have peace of mind that it’s a real share.
ENDGAME
If I were a naked shorter facing a potential MOASS, what would I do?
  1. CHAOS & INFIGHTING – I would make sure I have as much control over the group as I could. If a MOASS pops off then I want to get hodlers fighting and not listening to one another. Confusion! Panic! Sell! I need their shares! I need hodlers to sell!
If I’m a naked shorter then I don’t want people to stay calm. I don’t want them learning about the market or sharing what they’ve learned. I want confusion.
  1. FEAR OF CALLS – Yes, I am pro options, but no I’m not telling you to go buy options. Options are risky, but if you know what you’re doing they can be very beneficial. In this scenario, I’m a naked shorter facing down a MOASS and I want people to sell shares. I really don’t want hodlers buying LONG CALLS or LEAPS. These are call options shot way out into the future, they’re risky, but less risky then short term options. Now, if I’m a naked shorter why don’t I want hodlers buying LONG CALLS?
  2. I could hedge that position by buying shares – if I’m super naked I probably won’t though. But if someone else sells the call they might hedge by buying shares.
  3. I want shares! I NEED shares! If I start smashing that buy button and no one sells then the price goes up until someone does. If everyone is hodling their shares and the price is going up then CALL options are getting more expensive. That means if hodlers have shares and calls they can sell the calls for profits and not sell me (the naked shorter) a single one of their shares. They can keep hodling, and/or use call profits to buy more shares and/or buy calls.
The price rises. Hodlers sell their calls for profits instead of their shares. I can’t find shares. The price rises. Hopefully, you get the picture.
HOW WOULD A MOASS START IN THIS SCENARIO?
Alright, we don’t know why a MOASS would pop off. It would probably be expiration dates and/or too many DRSd shares. But we still actually do know why: naked shorting, not enough shares, buy button smashed, price goes boom!
If it’s built the way I explained here, then MOASS means the Market Maker went to the market to buy some shares and there weren’t enough shares. But they like REALLY NEED SHARES. The price rises.
If it gets to expiration of some of the retail naked shares and they haven’t been rolled then the position starts unraveling.
MM: No shares.
HF: Contract. Shares now!
MM: No! You!
HF: Fuck.
MM: Margin Call
HF: I’m dying.
Let’s say this is what happened last time. The Hedge Funds blew up, if it happened again, would it now be a Market Maker and a bigger Market Maker stuck in this death loop?
MM: I have assumed the position.
lol
MM: Fuck, you know what I meant. I absorbed the HF’s toxic naked shorts!
So, if the Market Maker absorbed the naked short side of the play and is now the one who will be margin called. Who absorbed the Market Maker’s side? The one holding the “No! You!” reverse uno card this time around? If the Market Maker can’t survive like the Hedge Fund? Can the new guy survive like the MM did last time?
TL;DR
Some PhD papers by Welborn everyone needs to read like three years ago!
Options were used to naked short in the past – Welborn explains how.
ETFs likely used now – again, read Welborn. Please!
I layout how ETFs are likely pulled apart and shuffled around to create naked shares or what I like to call a deadpool. Dead shares that shouldn’t even exist.
Then the deadpool is pulled from to send naked shares into the market.
Again, if you want to learn how I got here I have a long DD from a year ago in my history OR preferably go read Welborn’s work.
The way this is all done means because of the way the naked shares are sent to market there could be weird price movement around triple-witching dates. March/April, June/July, SeptembeOctober, DecembeJanuary. Triple-witching dates are March, June, September, December, but I push them out a month because Market Makers get a little extra leeway that us common folk don’t get. Again, in my old DD I talk about why they could potentially have an extra month tacked onto their expirations.
Then because of the way the shares are originally pulled out of ETFs there could be weird movement around common expirations for LEAPS. January and June.
January and June could be extra special times where a batch of naked shares are expiring in the hands of retail and need to finish being rolled. While, also having a batch of naked shares originally created for the deadpool that need to finish being rolled.
I know this is all confusing, but basically I believe the rules allow a loophole for naked shorting through ETFs. I believe the way those naked shares are created makes a deadpool parked with naked shorters. When they want to match a buy on the market (retail buys a share) they then pull a naked share out of the deadpool and send it to retail. Naked shares in the deadpool hangout for about three years at a time meaning they need to be closed or rolled within 3 years. Naked shares to retail would likely be done with a 1 year expiration since retail usually churns through shares fast. You’re able to create a naked share and sell it to retail and buy it back and sell it and buy it several times before the naked share needs to be renewed (rolled – a new naked share created and the old one finally closed).
Using ETFs could also explain weird movements in other stocks. If you’re already pulling a bunch of different stocks out of the ETF (not just GME) then you could use some of those naked shares to naked short other stocks as well. You’d be selling to retail at different times so the price may not move in tandem around the triple-witching dates, but they could move similarly around deadpool expiration dates. Remember, to close the naked shares from the deadpool you need to buy shares and create the ETFs. January 2021 could be a time where you need to buy a bunch of different stocks to close/roll some of the deadpool. June 2024 could also be a time where naked shorters might need to buy a bunch of different stocks in order to finally create some ETFs. You might see some unrelated stocks suddenly increasing in price at the same time.
In my opinion, if a stock is heavily naked shorted, then a MOASS would kick off for 1 of 2 reasons.
  1. All or enough of the Real Shares are DRSd, and the naked short position is revealed in the market.
  2. Converging expiration dates cause naked shorters to buy large amounts of stock at one time mixed with strong retail buying. I think this may have been what happened in January 2021 – it’s a common expiration date for the derivatives used to naked short and there was strong retail buying. It’s possible something similar is happening in June of 2024 – a common expiration date and would be 3 years from 2021 allowing for LEAPS to be bought on the wider market. And this time around, there’s also still strong buy pressure, hodling, and DRSing.
This summer could be exciting, but it’s not a MOASS guarantee. I think DRSing and hodling is the only true guarantee to uncover naked shorting.
submitted by spacedebriss to DeepFuckingValue [link] [comments]


2024.05.28 21:31 BodybuilderStreet589 Would I be the asshole if I contacted my ex wife for my own closure?

So this is gonna be a long one. I met my ex wife sophomore year of high school and we clicked on a lot of things. We were each others first everything and everyone thought we were just meant to be. I proposed at 17 due to me being able to move out and start college then. While we were both in college we both had jobs, our own cars, and split everything down the middle. She approached me one day asking if I could take on a heavier work load as she was having issues in her classes due to having to work and go to school since I was use to working hard since I was 13 and working was a new concept for her. I told her of course as I didn’t mind longer hours. Now where it got to be too much is when she asked if I’d step back from school altogether so I could make more money and once she had her degree she would get a job and support us. I had my reservations but trusted her enough to work full time while she was doing this but my condition was that she had to take on more household chores since I was working 70-80 hour work weeks and she only had class for a few hours during the day. She initially agreed and I thought we were ok. Well we moved out of our apartment during this time and into her grandparents old house to save on rent. Well time goes on and we get married in 2020 while she’s still in school and I’m working these long work weeks. After we had gotten married she got super into weed and started not doing any of the chores. Now I’m not against weed as every once in a while I’d smoke myself, but she was smoking so much of it because she said that it was better than her anxiety meds. So after my 70-80 hour work week I’d come home to a messy home, no dinner ready, and her gone at her group of stoner friends house. I got suspicious of her being gone all the time and not my proudest moment I went through her phone. There I found messages between her and her friends of them just relentlessly talking sht about me. Her making fun of the things I was insecure about and told her in confidence. The only evidence I found of cheating was in her App Store it showed that tinder was recently installed, but it wasn’t downloaded any more. After she finally graduated she continued the path of not doing anything but going to her friend’s house and smoking weed. She attempted to get a job a few times but they were entry level so positions that didn’t require a degree. I tried communicating my disapproval of all of this and would bring up her promise to get a job and she would just shrug it off like it didn’t matter and that I should be working and splitting chores with her even though she didn’t work. We had an argument because she said I never did any of the chores around the house and I kinda blew up on her saying that I put my dreams on pause to Make hers come true and now she was throwing both of our dreams down the drain by choosing to be a lazy stoner with loser friends. One night I had talked about divorcing her when I was on Xbox with my friends and she was at her friend’s house getting stoned. She rolled back in at 4 AM and I told my friends to can the divorce talk but one of them was away from the mic. I got up to pee and took my controller with me and it disconnected. As I was coming back I just hear through my surround sound system “so (my name) , when you gonna divorce that cnt”. While she was sitting on the couch. I kinda shrugged it off. Big mistake. The next week I got hit with divorce papers and the fact that she took my dog. Now I just tried very limited contact with her through the divorce (that’s how I was able to keep my head up and keep moving) and when people asked me what happened I would always tell them “we grew into different people, but I wish her the best” and I always meant that statement. We separated August 2022 and the divorce finalized in October 2022. Would I be the asshole if I called her to get some closure from the situation?
submitted by BodybuilderStreet589 to Advice [link] [comments]


2024.05.28 21:07 Valuable_Extent_7260 Cheated on and heartbroken

Just came back from Vaca and Something told me to check his phone. He's been sliding up on girls stories and talking to them sexually. Found pic's and videos downloaded from multiple apps including messanger and Imessage. I caught him sending one bitch money for nudes a year ago and I forgave him, I thought we moved past it all. I was waiting for him to propose and everything but nope. Here we are again. I cant stay. But I hate that I want to. I want to go sleep with someone and then call us even but then I just sign up for a life of being toxic to one another and thats not at all what I want. I love him so much but I'm not here to play games. I didnt deserve it the first time and I'm not going to sit around and wait for the 3rd time. When I confronted him he said "I was just playing around cause I knew they probably wouldnt respond." And yet when one did He litterally told her to sit on his face!! I cannot describe the betrayal I feel inside. I would rather let him go than try to rebuild trust for the 2nd time in our 2 year relationship. I know what I went through the first time. I'm not willing to go through it again.
submitted by Valuable_Extent_7260 to CheatedOn [link] [comments]


2024.05.28 20:48 TechGennie Is the client's attachment malicious, or what?

After sending a proposal, I received a link to download a file from a client, which included a dmg file that I could use to install it on my Mac. How can I know if it's not a fraud, virus, or spyware in some way?
Here is the link: https://trustfiles.pro/files/upload/61a7a2d4ed0caadc5b60fb87afdfa353a0604b8d41951e74a8eb8af584f95ec0/
submitted by TechGennie to Upwork [link] [comments]


2024.05.28 19:43 Maxton1811 Galactic Refugees 8

First...Previous
Colonist Booker Smith
UNS Lightbringer
Of all the skills I’d picked up throughout my short lifetime spent back on Earth, I never would have guessed that the ability to mix up homemade hairspray would prove to be so useful. Looking over myself in the captain’s bathroom mirror, however, I could hardly deny the results. Though our faces looked rather different, if one were to judge purely based upon hairstyle, Theruf and I would be indistinguishable.
Adjusting the newly-shortened cuff of Theruf’s uniform sleeve, I exited the lavatory and at a brisk clip took off back toward our ship’s medbay. Stepping inside the room, I watched as Emma and a newly-thawed evolutionary biologist with thinning hair carefully carved into one of the corpses produced during our recent confrontations with the Phylix. Meanwhile, against the room’s far wall, a tall, lanky electrocranial engineer formerly employed by Cogitolink could be seen hooking up various wires to a sedated Theruf whilst John kept watch.
“What all do we know?” I asked, stepping over to the dissection table and taking in its scent akin to that of rotten vegetation mixed with maple syrup. If we were to successfully blend in with Phylix civilization, adequate biological knowledge would be every bit as important as cultural.
“I’ve never seen anything quite like this!” Replied Em, her tone absolutely giddy as she looked up from the microscope under which rested a clump of Phylix ‘flesh’. “Sure, they might look Human on the outside, but internally the differences between us are staggering. For example, while they do obtain a vast majority of their energy from the consumption of organic matter, Phylix also appear to be capable of sophisticated photosynthesis.”
While surely for someone more well-versed in life sciences all this would be incredibly fascinating, I as a hairdresser was far more interested in things that would aid me directly. “And how do they match up in comparison to us?” I asked, hoping to more fully understand what we were up against here.
Experienced as Emma no doubt was in dealing with plants, comparing and contrasting different organisms was far more in the evolutionary biologist’s domain, and as such it was him who next spoke up. “Their bodies appear to prioritize energy efficiency above all else, with some concessions being made for reflex speed,” he began, carefully analyzing an extracted strand of alien sinew as he spoke. “They require fewer than half the calories we do in order to function at optimal capacity, and a small portion of that is covered for by their photosynthetic skin.“
“So we need to eat more than they do. What else do the Phylix have over on us?”
“Let’s see… Phylix skin is tougher than ours, and they appear to possess powerful regenerative abilities almost like those of bamboo. We have them beat at just about everything else, however…” The biologist half-smirked, glancing over at a computer screen loaded with variables beyond my understanding and typing in yet another set of data. “Their reflexes, while rather fast given the gravity of this planet, are nevertheless inferior to our own. We also far outclass them in terms of strength, speed, and endurance.”
“Their central nervous system is different too,” murmured the electrocranial engineer, looking over a three dimensional model presumably of Theruf’s brain—its central mass sequestered inside his skull with roots extending outward from it to form what we Humans had at first mistaken for hair. “I’m seeing signs of both repaired and newly-created neurons within this one’s brain: Humans can’t do that. Phylix neuroplasticity is also off the charts, indicating an enhanced capacity for learning and the ability to adapt to whatever brain damage can’t be healed.”
That was good news for Theruf, at least, given what we had done to him when first obtaining a root sample. If there was one thing I knew about evolution, however, it was that there’s no such thing as a free lunch. “What’s the trade off?” I asked, hoping for something else that we might be able to leverage against the Phylix.
“I’ll need more specimens to say for sure, but looking at this one, my current hypothesis is that they traded away much of their pattern recognition.”
This insight, while much appreciated, was not why we thawed out a Cogitolink employee. “Will you be able to download his memories?” I asked, tapping repeatedly upon my forehead for emphasis. Initially, I had planned to simply interrogate Theruf for information on how to blend in, but threatening a fanatic with martyrdom was about as effective as threatening an alcoholic with a second gin and tonic. Having all the soldier’s knowledge loaded into my GRIM would allow me to blend in seamlessly with his kind, eliminating much of the involved guesswork.
“That depends…” Replied the engineer, his tone unnervingly somber as he navigated to yet another screen. “Their neural structure is too different from ours for a direct transcription, meaning I likely won’t be able to get anything more than basic information… Unless…”
“Unless what?” John growled, looking down upon our unconscious prisoner with icy disregard.
Following a long moment’s hesitation, the engineer eventually relented and with a heavy sigh imparted upon us our second option. “If we run a high-power charge through his brain, the computer will be able to map almost the entire thing. We’ll be able to blend in with his kind perfectly…”
“Lemme guess: there a big fuckin’ catch, isn’t there?” John half-groaned, staring down the former Cogitolink employee as he awaited the inevitable affirmation and elaboration.
“If turning his brain into a heap of organic mush is what you’d consider a drawback, then yes.”
Silence fell over the room as we all contemplated the weight of such a decision. Killing in self-defense was one thing, but the borderline execution of a sapient being, no matter how vile, was another matter entirely. All it took to shatter this quiet, however, were two words from the commodore’s mouth. “Do it.”
Again, the engineer hesitated. “Are you sure?” He asked, his fingers remaining at rest in spite of the order. The rest of us, meanwhile, were too stunned to speak out.
“Don’t you lot forget the contract we signed!” Barked John, his tone booming with power and authority befitting a military man. “Humanity’s survival is our top priority. At all costs.
At last regaining her voice after several long moments of speechlessness, Em stepped past the commodore to stand in solidarity at the engineer’s side. “Theruf is a brainwashed victim of his own society—we can’t just murder him for following orders!”
“Let’s not be overdramatic here!” Cautioned the biologist, his expression utterly unfazed by the notion of putting down our prisoner. “He’s a fascist soldier who’d kill every last one of us given half a chance. At least this way he’ll die for a good cause.”
Indecision immobilized me amidst my fellow’s colonists’ arguing. Back when I first pressed Theruf’s own gun to the back of his head, the urge to end him on the spot had been palpable. Now, however, given the chance to put things into perspective, I wasn’t sure what we should do with the captive. So I remained silent as the lot of them continued their impromptu trial of the unconscious Phylix.
“I’m not so sure I’m comfortable doing this…” The engineer winced, his hands falling away from the keyboard as he cast down his gaze from the waiting commodore’s glare.
“Fine…” John growled, taking a step towards the surgery bay computer and placing his own hand upon it. “Just tell me what commands to type in and I’ll do it. No blood on your hands, right? Just mine.”
Evidently dissatisfied with this rationalization, Em rounded the dissection table and began to approach the commodore as though to stop him manually. Her efforts, however, were thwarted when the biologist moved to intercept her. “We can’t take any risks here!” He sighed, outstretching an arm toward me for emphasis. “If Booker’s disguise fails, it’s game over for us, for the colony—maybe for humanity for all we know!”
“Listen to your fellow scientist,” sighed John, regarding Emma with a confusing concoction of warm understanding and cold, ruthless utilitarianism. “If you think I get some kind of sick kick out of this, then you’re dead wrong; but I swore an oath to keep Humanity safe, and if I have to kill a million of these bastards to do it, then I will not hesitate.”
“Wait!” Stammered the engineer, grabbing John’s arm as though to prevent him from pressing any of the keys. “There might be another way. If you guys can obtain a few more living samples for me, I might be able to calibrate a non-lethal mapping charge.”
“And how many ‘samples’ is that going to take?” Asked the biologist, his tone dripping with skepticism.
For a moment, the former Cogitolink employee hesitated to provide us with an answer to this fairly straightforward inquiry. Eventually, however, he relented in his secrecy. “Forty… Maybe fifty?”
“Getting that many captives would take time that we don't have, Manley!" John barked, offhandedly referencing the engineer's surname amidst his admonishment of the idea.
This argument continued for what must have been half an hour, devolving at times into a shouting match between Emma and the commodore before then cooling off yet again into cold, yet relatively-peaceful periods of debate. This rhythm of argument was disrupted, however, when Em jabbed her finger towards me. "Booker is the one whose going to be wearing Theruf's appearance: it should be his choice whether or not to sacrifice him."
Whereas before the group had been divided into two sides, on this matter Manley and the biologist seemed to agree with Em, deriving a somewhat frustrated sigh from the commodore as he suddenly found himself outnumbered. "Fine..." John conceded, searching my expression for any indication of what route I might take here. Unfortunately for him, even I had not a clue at the moment what to do. "Booker: you've heard our cases for and against this plan, so what do you think we should do?"
If I'm honest, I would have been perfectly happy to let this debate play out entirely without my input. If I agreed to this plan, then the sap of our prisoner would be on my hands; yet if I declined and we wound up failing, then it would be my bloody signature upon the colony's death warrant. The decision was by no means an easy one. Perhaps from an outside perspective, John might seem to be overly callous, but to those of us in that room it was abundantly clear that his actions stemmed from a genuine desire to protect the colony.
Before the lot of them dragged me into this debate, I'd have been perfectly fine with either decision, but now that it was my finger on the trigger, I simply couldn't bring myself to pull it. "We can work with the basics," I confirmed, prompting from the engineer a sigh of relief as he began calibrating a weak mapping charge that would only penetrate the most well-trodden of our prisoner's neural pathways. "We're going to need more identities to infiltrate the camp with anyways. Theruf's people should come looking for him soon: I'll play the part and draw whoever shows up back here so we can capture them."
"And what do you propose we do with them once they're in our hands?" Growled John, still evidently not quite sold on this idea. "We don't have the resources to keep them locked up for long."
"We could use the cryopods!" Replied the botanist in my stead—Fortunately so given my lack of a workable answer. "Judging by Phylix cell structure, they appear to be capable of hibernating to a certain degree, much like certain plants on Earth. So long as we keep the cryopod temperatures in the correct range and thaw out any prisoners once in a while to ensure they don't break down, it should be enough to keep them sedated or at least docile." Em concluded, her expression hardened by newfound acceptance of our circumstances.
Completing his setup of the charge to no fanfare from the rest of us, Manley typed in one final chunk of commands before pressing down upon the terminal's 'enter' key, causing Theruf's body to twitch slightly as a loading bar appeared on screen showing the download progress. When at last the final pixel of white was overtaken by green, my GRIM was quick to notify me of the database's new addition.
Gently pulling Theruf's gun from its holster at my side and turning it over in my grasp, my brain tingled in response to the artificial neuron stimulation of Theruf's implanted memories. Gesturing for the others to follow me, I once again traversed our ship's hallways until the night sky's glittering canvas shone overhead.
Back when I had first held Theruf's weapon in my hands, it had felt completely foreign to me. The mechanisms on it made nary a lick of sense, and in all honesty I probably couldn't have fired it if I tried. Standing amongst the skin trees with our prisoner's memories in my mind, however, I was able to draw the gun and flick off it's safety in a single fluid motion. Behind me, the other colonists watched as I put three shots into one of the trees in front of us, aiming for a large central scab eerily reminiscent of an eye. Trails of crimson dripping from tree's flesh marked where my shots had landed., and though none of them actually hit their mark, the fact that all three bullets even hit the tree at all despite my never firing a gun in my life was in itself evidence of the download's success.
"Not bad..." John chuckled briefly, stepping up beside me and drawing his own gun before planting three shots square in the scab's center, causing it to burst like a blood-filled balloon. "Your aim still needs work, though."
Studying for a moment the bullet holes left behind by my demonstration, Manley hummed in contemplation. "Muscle memory transcriptions are never perfect," he explained, looking curiously upon the weapon as I returned it to its holster. "They can't override more powerful neural connections for example, which is why John's aim is still superior. That being said, Booker, I'm more concerned about what you know than what you can do. The chip should provide you with context when you encounter situations common to Theruf, but it's unlikely you'll be able to recall complex details. You know how to use that gun, sure, but I'd wager to guess you still haven't a clue how it works."
He was right, of course. I knew that I had to hold down the weapon's trigger for at least one second in order for it to fire properly, but I still hadn't a clue why that was the case. Closing my eyes and concentrating upon the information newly nestled within me, I cleared my throat and assuming a rough approximation of our prisoner's voice spoke out. "I am he known as Theruf..." I began, mentally exploring every available aspect of this newfound role dictated to me by the GRIM. "I was raised in the small town of Dzidra. My father works as a mechanic and I have two siblings: Mathul and Zekari... John: get everyone inside the ship and prepare your men for an ambush. I'll go back to the ridge where me and Boris first saw the Phylix and wait for more soldiers to show up, then I'll lure them back here to be captured alive. Can you work with that?"
"Are you seriously asking if I can prep a simple ambush?" Began the commodore, sounding almost offended by the notion of such a thing being in question. "Don't worry about us, 'Theruf': just bring some guests and I'll throw the damn party!"
Satisfied with our plan, John gave me a pat on the back for good luck as I set off once more into the night, weaving between skin trees until our ship’s lights faded from view altogether. At last arriving once more at the overlook, I sat down a few feet from the ledge and there awaited the arrival of Theruf’s fellow soldiers.
Glimmers of new dawn peered out from under the distant horizon amidst my watch, casting shadows upon Theruf's wicked workplace as though to hide its atrocities from the judgmental light of day. Only just had this planet's parent star crested into view when at last were the forest's rhythmic respirations interrupted by a distant grinding of tires against dirt.
Rising to my feet and making my way toward the noise's source, I soon enough found myself stood at the edge of a hitherto-unseen clearing. Hiding myself from sight behind a nearby skin tree, I watched as a bulky military vehicle trundled uphill to then find rest upon the relatively-level forest floor. No sooner had this vehicle come to a stop than did three soldiers clad in uniforms not unlike Theruf's step out. "This is where our brothers in arms were last known to have been," began one of the men. "We should fan out and search the area."
Sounds like that's my cue... Taking a deep breath to steel my nerves, I dramatically limped out into the clearing, waving frantically to my supposed comrades. Though at first they had raised their guns to the noise of my stumbling out, these soldiers were quick to lower their weapons as they got a good look at me.
"Theruf?" One of the soldiers called out, stepping toward me without hesitation. "Good to see you well, man: where are the others?"
"They need help, Fhasda!" I sputtered out in a tone of faux-panic as Theruf's memories filled in the gap of this one's name. "We were investigating a strange object crashing into these forests... And we found something!"
"What exactly did you find?" Asked one of the other soldiers, looking upon me with newfound skepticism.
Staggering back into the forest with a gesture commanding these three soldiers to follow, I turned back around to conceal a grin as they did so without hesitation. "Let me show you: they're this way!" I exclaimed to the unwitting Phylixm, deliberately remaining vague with my explanation so as to keep their curiosity piqued. When at last the ship's lights came into view, I slowed down to allow for Fhasda and the others to catch up as the four of us continued on toward the now vacant entrance ramp. "They're in here!" I told them, pointing toward the open entryway.
Gasps resounded out from the trio of guards as they looked upon the Lightbringer in total disbelief. "What is that thing?" One of them asked, prompting from Fhasda an unsure shrug as he recklessly approached the main ramp.
"We don't know!" I lied, leaning back against a skin tree to signal my exhaustion. "I know they were brought here by whatever attacked us. I think it's gone for now, but I'll keep watch out here in case it comes back!"
"Good idea," Fhasda affirmed, gesturing for his men to take formation around him as without another moment's hesitation they walked up the ship's entrance ramp and entered into the jaws of a waiting ambush...
submitted by Maxton1811 to HFY [link] [comments]


2024.05.28 19:34 Pappuniman Cinematic videos of Real Madrid

Hi everyone 👋 I'm a video editor who's been approached by a big name in the industry to make a video for real madrid to be proposed to the president of the club Perez. I'd love it if some of you could help me find a website or a blog where I'd be able to download "cinematic" shots of real madrid.. like stepping into the field. Or close-ups... i have a very tight deadline, otherwise I'd have watched a few grand matches.. I'd really appreciate the help. Thanks.
submitted by Pappuniman to realmadrid [link] [comments]


2024.05.28 18:32 spacedebriss Expanding on my Deadpool Theory: Does everything come from the Deadpool?

Expanding on my Deadpool Theory: Does everything come from the Deadpool?
THE DEADPOOL THEORY
I stayed up way too late last night and got up way too early this morning trying to put this together. I should probably edit it more, but oh well. This is what I have. I need to go do some other stuff now.
NONE OF THIS IS FINANCIAL ADVICE.
Probably should have waited to post until I toiled some more. I want to add to the deadpool theory. Not take away from it, just add to it. I think the Deadpool and Retail Pool go more hand in hand. I think the Deadpool is the original pool that feeds the retail pool.
The key for me has always been how the naked shares are created. Over a year ago I honestly reached a point where the DD was a jumbled mess in my mind. I wanted to start from zero and see what I could find, but not really zero because I had read a lot of DD, thanks to others I knew what to start searching for, so I set out.
https://preview.redd.it/tnofbsia273d1.png?width=1920&format=png&auto=webp&s=7fbe5d58f385a92f4bbb7c4e305f59c00ea8a329
CITATIONS
If you think I’m pulling all of this out of my ass similar to how naked shares are pulled out of asses then please go read my old DD with charts and figures, goes more in depth, and has some strong citations in my opinion. OR better yet go absorb some of those citations, especially these first four:
1. THREE ESSAYS ON NAKED SHORT SELLING AND FAILS-TO-DELIVER by John W. Welborn
2. MARRIED PUTS, REVERSE CONVERSIONS AND ABUSE OF THE OPTIONS MARKET MAKER EXCEPTION ON THE CHICAGO STOCK EXCHANGE by John W Welborn
3. ETF Short Interest and Failures-to-Deliver: Naked Short Selling or Operational Shorting?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ncq35zrFCAg&t=1655s
4. Exchange-Traded Funds, Fails-to-Deliver, and Market Volatility by Thomas Stratmann and John W. Welborn
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2183251
If you’re going to only read one of these then I’d make it this one.
Everybody here should read a little Welborn in my opinion. Dude is the GOAT!
SOME RELEVANT SEC FILINGS:
  1. https://www.sec.gov/investopubs/regsho.htm
  2. https://www.sec.gov/rules/2003/11/commission-guidance-rule-3b-3-and-married-put-transactions
These two are pretty good, especially for understanding the old options loophole.
PDF FILES:
DISCLAIMER: these links will try to download a PDF from the SEC’s website
  1. https://www.sec.gov/rules/final/34-50103.pdf
  2. https://www.sec.gov/litigation/admin/2012/34-67451.pdf
  3. https://www.sec.gov/rules/final/2007/34-56212fr.pdf
  4. https://www.sec.gov/rules/final/2008/34-58775fr.pdf
  5. https://www.sec.gov/rules/othe2008/34-58190.pdf
  6. https://www.sec.gov/rules/othe2008/34-58592.pdf
  7. https://www.sec.gov/rules/othe2008/34-58572.pdf
  8. https://www.sec.gov/rules/othe2008/34-58723.pdf
  9. https://www.sec.gov/rules/othe2008/34-58711.pdf
  10. https://www.sec.gov/rules/final/2008/34-58773.pdf
  11. https://www.sec.gov/about/offices/ocie/options-trading-risk-alert.pdf
  12. https://www.sec.gov/rules/final/2008/34-58775.pdf
  13. https://www.sec.gov/rules/proposed/2006/34-54154.pdf
  14. https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro/nscc/2020/34-89088.pdf
MORE SEC
  1. https://www.sec.gov/news/press/2008/2008-143.htm
  2. https://www.sec.gov/news/press/2008/2008-155.htm
  3. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgadata/1159510/000137036821000064/a210729-ex992.htm
PLAYING BY THE RULES?
I wanted to research that old DD by looking at the rules of naked shorting. When I would look into old DD and theories, I kept ending up at the answer of fraud. They didn’t stand up to the rules, unless lots o’ fraud was involved. Until I got to ETFs….
Now again, if you want more info go read the first four citations up at the top. The first 2 citations are PhD papers covering possible naked shorting and the Options loophole. This is the old way, this Options loophole was closed by the SEC back in 2008. For the new ETF way of naked shorting you can explore citations 3 and 4. These two citations cover how ETFs could be used to still naked short today. This is why I always felt the reactions to my old DD were so strange. I’m basically saying there could be a monstrous naked shorting position out in the market and it could be operating under the rules. No fraud is needed! Why didn’t superstonk respond with more positivity to my old DD a year ago?! I still think that DD did a pretty good job of laying out how naked shorters could be operating under the rules.
The rules make it clear to me that:
BULLET SWAPS – Can’t be used to make naked shares of a stock. If a naked shorter points to bullet swaps as where they got the shares from then the SEC should laugh in their face. You would need a lot of SEC fraud. Bullet swaps would have other good uses, but not for the actual creation of naked shares.
REHYPOTHECATION – The idea here is that the naked shorter borrows shares infinitely. The naked shorter points to the borrow and sure the SEC could let that pass, but it should still count as a borrow. Otherwise, you need more SEC fraud to explain this one. The Market should see the naked short position because it should be tagged as borrowed, and the naked shorter would also need to pay for that borrow. These are both things the naked shorter is trying to avoid – that’s why they create naked shares rather than borrow shares. Alternatively, the naked shorter could have a deal with a broker. The naked shorter does infinite borrows off of the brokers stock, but again you would need fraud from the broker and the broker would likely demand payment on the “borrows”. For rehypothecation to work you need a lot of fraud and naked shorters would likely need to pay borrow fees. Properly creating naked shares within the rules means no borrowing would be done (could be expensive) and means no fraud has to be done.
OPTIONS – This is where it gets confusing. Options used to be used to naked short, I wrote a big DD on this about a year ago. It has a lot of pictures and deep dives into a lot of stuff including options. If you want to learn more about the options loophole, don’t read my old DD, scroll back up to the top and read some of Welborn’s Options work (citations 1 and 2).
You would need two participants to naked short back in the day and I believe that’s how it’s still done today. One would be a Market Maker and one would typically be a Hedge Fund. The Market Maker had special privileges around options, MMs and only MMs could point to un-exercised options as a locate for shares. They create shares out of thin air and send them to a hedge fund. The hedge fund sells the MM back futures contracts and/or calls. The Market Maker uses the calls as a locates and the Market is none the wiser. Or is just apathetic. But they were technically following the rules as written. These packages of naked shares would have been built with options, futures, and naked shares all packaged together. This Options Market Maker loophole went away in 2008.
Options should not be an effective loophole for creating massive amounts of naked shares anymore. Again, you would need lots of SEC fraud.
ETFs – I’m not just throwing ETFs out there. There is a fucking fantastic Welborn paper (citation 4) and also a youtube video from a business professor (citation 3) on ETFs and how ETFs could possibly be used to naked short. To use ETFs you would still need a Market Maker and a Hedge Fund (the HF could be another MM or big institution). The Market Maker has special privileges. 1. They can pull shares out of ETFs. 2. They can also set future redemption/creation dates with that same Hedge Fund and not tell anybody. It seems the Options loophole to naked short was replaced with an ETF redemption/creation loophole to naked short.
Here’s a footnote in an SEC filing – I think this could be a smoking gun:
https://preview.redd.it/bfuyxsab273d1.png?width=593&format=png&auto=webp&s=24c82cbb06e78982a452617dccadfa35495df284
Page 10 from: https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro/nscc/2020/34-89088.pdf
The new ETF loophole:
  1. The Market Maker and the Hedge Fund enter into an agreement that the Market Maker will create ETFs for the Hedge Fund far in the future.
  2. The Market Maker sends naked ETFs to the Hedge Fund.
  3. The Hedge Fund sends the naked ETFs back to the Market Maker and redeems them (requests) that the ETFs be opened up for the (naked) shares inside.
If the SEC comes sniffing around they’re just going to see a bunch of shares sitting in the Hedge Funds account. They were pulled out of an ETF for him by the Market Maker. The SEC goes to the Market Maker and the Market Maker says, “yep, pulled ‘‘em out of ETFs for the Hedge Fund.” SEC says, “cool”.
If the SEC goes back to the Hedge Fund and asks where they got the ETFs from he points to the Market Maker. SEC, “sounds good, can I leave you my resume?”
If the SEC goes to the Market Maker and asks where he got the ETFs, the Market Maker would probably say, “Ha! Fuck if I know! I could buy and sell a million of that fucking ETF in a day. You want to look through our ledgers?” SEC, “Oh. I should probably take ‘em, but I’ll just look at porn instead. You guys hiring?”
  1. 4. The Hedge Fund now has naked shares from the Market Maker that look like real shares to the SEC. The Hedge Fund can sell them into the market to naked short and it just looks like selling shares. The Deadpool has been created.
The Deadpool. Naked shorters creating a pool of naked shares between themselves. Now they’d likely want to set expirations for this position far in the future. The Deadpool was just to create the original naked shares. You want to naked short the stock into the ground which could take decades, so you’d want this pool you created to last as long as possible.
These naked shares from the Market Maker to the Hedge Fund would be insured through futures and/or LEAPS. I believe they would likely insure them with one another using futures contracts instead of LEAPS, but I’m not positive. Either way, this “insurance” means that if it gets to expiration and the Hedge Fund hasn’t delivered shares, the Market Maker can use those futures contracts to force delivery. But why might we also see naked shorters holding huge amounts of options? The options could be hedging and leveraging with the wider market (not other naked shorters).
So, if naked shorters are using futures to insure that they won’t be left holding the bag with one another then they would likely want to use common expiration dates for LEAPS. That lets them grab some “insurance” (Call Options) and extra leverage (Put Options) from non-naked shorters. If the naked shorters position blows up and they owe the other naked shorter shares then they can use their calls to get some shares from the market. Or if they’re position does well then they can make extra profits off of their puts.
Here’s a diagram that will hopefully explain some of this better:
https://preview.redd.it/hfdjls4e273d1.png?width=768&format=png&auto=webp&s=0389d73d3c2129deda4ed4c5966e2f3026acd4a1
The Hedge Fund is selling the naked shares from the Deadpool through the Market Maker into retail hands. Now the hedge fund like the market maker is going to want some futures or calls to make sure the market maker sells the shares back to him. But they’ll probably do this on a shorter timeline. Maybe they built the dealpool with three year expirations. Now they’ll naked short to retail probably using 1 year expirations.
I think retails average is about nine months for holding a stock. A year should be enough time to find a new share to buy in order to close/roll an old naked share. Retail naked shares would likely expire every March, June, September, December. Naked shorters are constantly closing and rolling their naked shorts with retail throughout the year. Or at least that’s the idea, usually retail sells pretty quickly and naked shorters can keep driving the price down.
Here’s a diagram to visualize deadpools and retail pools together. The red is the deadpool. The deadpools are the original pools of naked shares that are created with long expirations. It would make sense to have these expire three years out so 1. they last long – don’t have to keep creating naked shares and 2. they can be hedged/leveraged with the wider market using common expiration dates.
Then the yellow would be the pools of naked shares that are sold to retail. These would have shorter expirations because ideally the naked shorter would want to churn these in a year or less.
The naked shorters create a big deadpool of naked shares that will expire in three years. Then, if they’re using 1 year expirations with retail, they can use those naked shares in the market up to three times.
https://preview.redd.it/klzrhfph273d1.png?width=1366&format=png&auto=webp&s=61f058077781d655d9fb4b028fe95c46ecfde0f4
Now look at where expiration dates line up between red pools and yellow pools. January and June. January and June are common expiration dates for LEAPS. Again, if the naked shorters want to hedge/leverage with the wider market then these would be the expiration dates they would want to build their naked shares around.
If the naked shares are built in this way then January of 2021 could have been a time where some of the Retail Pool and some of the Deadpool were expiring. Let’s say it’s a big expiration time and there are not enough shares. Maybe some DFV dude and a bunch of other retail investors are buying calls and shares. In this scenario, the Market Maker would try to find shares to close/roll the position. If unable, then the Hedge Fund would need to exercise their “insurance” and demand the shares from the MM. The Market Maker also has “insurance” though because he’s the big boy and he won’t be left holding the bag. The MM throws down his uno reverse card and screams, “No! You!”
BASKET THEORY – Why do other stocks move hard with GME at certain times?
Alright, let’s say naked shorters are building their positions how I’ve laid out. When naked shorters open the ETFs at the beginning of the deadpool, they are also pulling out naked shares of other companies. They could use those shares for a lot of different things. They could hold them and sell options to make money. Or they could also naked short some of those companies too.
Maybe, they open an ETF and pull out naked GME and some naked POPCORN. They could also naked short POPCORN into the market. It would move differently on a shorter timescale to GME because they’re rolling the position with retail a year at a time. It might move more in line with GME on a longer time scale.
When the deadpool expires they need to finish buying shares and creating ETFs. That could mean buying a bunch of different stocks at one time. Buy some the remaining GME, POPCORN, HEADPHONES, etc. and close/finish rolling your deadpool position by packaging those shares up into nice little ETFs.
2021 – 2024
This could all explain some of the wild stuff we’ve been seeing lately.
  1. Big price movement could signify that a big chunk of the deadpool opened three years ago could be expiring. Was all of that position rolled? Was a really big chunk of the deadpool created three years ago? I honestly have no clue.
  2. June would likely be when a chunk of retail naked shares also need to be closed/rolled. Retail naked shares expiring would be a yearly occurrence.
  3. Price movement of unrelated stocks. If a big chunk of the deadpool was built three years ago and is now expiring that would mean that shares need to be bought in order to finally create some ETFs. ETFs are made from baskets of stocks. If a naked shorters need to buy some other companies to build their ETFs then you could see price jumps in unrelated stocks.
  4. The naked shorted company sells some shares. Sure, some suspicious shit happened with your stock and maybe it could be naked shorting, but naked shorting is illegal and shorts closed, right? Really you just need cash to revolutionize your company so you put it out there that you’d like to start sell some shares. This could look like an off ramp for anyone who was naked shorting or someone who inherited a bunch of naked shorts. Might as well ask if you can get some of those shares. You know exactly when a large chunk of the deadpool is expiring because you’re know holding that toxic shit, so you’ll wait until the last minute to get out. How do you “insure” you can get out? If you can’t get enough shares directly from the company or from the market then your next best bet is options…
  5. Lots of options being bought lately. Let’s say you know you need a shit ton of shares soon and you have a pretty strong feeling that the stock price could rocket soon. You have a finite amount of cash you can spend on shares. You can buy options! We covered how they’re like insurance.
Let’s keep the math simple and use 100 batches since options are sold in 100 share batches. You need 100 shares of Stock A by June 22nd. Stock A is around $20. You do the math and find out you have enough money to buy 100 shares and 1 $20 call. 100 shares of stock A at $20 would be $2000 and let’s say the call would be about $200. You have $2200 total. Now, there’s no guarantee that you can get 100 shares in the market for $20, especially if you think buying pressure is about to turn on hard. By your 100th share you could be paying a lot more, meaning your $2200 could run out before you have 100 shares.
And you NEED 100 shares! The call insures that someone else has to find the shares for $20 each. You spend your $200 on the call option expiring June 22nd. Now you’re guaranteed to get your 100 shares for $20 each even if the price skyrockets. You spent $2200 on 100 shares.
Again, no one knows who is buying these calls or why, but this could line up nicely with my theory that a chunk of the deadpool is expiring soon.
I don’t want to get anyone excited for MOASS. I’ve made bad predictions in the past. In the past I thought a MOASS would probably happen in March, but that was because I hadn’t connected the deadpool to everything. Don’t get hyped, but if deadpools are built with January and June expirations then it would make sense that MOASS could happen in January or June. It would explain why naked shorters almost got fucked in January 2021. If, they were able to survive and push a huge chunk of their deadpool out three years then June 2024 could be a rough time for them. I’m not going to say it’s a guarantee of a MOASS this June/July. I will say that I really would not want to be a naked shorter trying to roll a bad bet on GME this June.
Now this is all conjecture, but what if part of the deadpool needed to be rolled in January of 2021? Meaning the Hedge Fund needed to settle up with the Market Maker so they could finish closing the deadpool and keep the position rolling.
Now the Deadpool was the original pool of naked shares. The Market Maker pulled these naked shares out of ETFs and sent them to the Hedge Fund. Naked shorters usually want to keep the train going until the company is bankrupt so they’d usually keep closing and rolling the deadpool until that happens.
So, if you’ve followed along then January of 2021 could have been a pretty key date where a Market Maker may have needed to buy to settle a portion of the Retail Pool. These would be shares that the Hedge Fund naked shorted to retail through the Market Maker – insuring with futures and/or LEAPS. Then the Hedge Fund would have also needed to finish settling a portion of the Deadpool back to the Market Maker that’s about to expire. Again, these deadpool naked shares are the original naked shares pulled out of ETFs, probably three years ago. They’ve been using and abusing that naked share with retail for three years, probably a year or so at a time.
If the position blew up, say in January of 2021 then some Hedge Funds would have also blown the fuck up. First, the market maker would go to the market and try to buy shares. No shares. The market maker turns to the hedge fund and says, “sorry, no shares.” This is why the Hedge Fund bough “insurance” or hedged with his “buddy”. The Hedge Fund uses his contracts with the Market Maker to say, “here’s the cash, where are the shares?”
The Market Maker plays his reverse uno card: The original contracts he made with the Hedge Fund when the naked shares were created and says, “No! You!”
Hedge Fund: Fuck! There are no shares!
MM: Not my problem. Where are my shares?
Market: No shares.
The Market Maker has the Hedge Funds other positions liquidated until there’s enough cash to buy shares in the market. In asinine cases where this happens the market might allow the Market Maker to just turn off the buy button to save his sorry ass. This is considered by many to be complete bullshit.
The deadpool is closed/rolled. Possibly three years into the future. 2021 to 2024.
I think there might always be a Deadpool that then feeds the Retail Pool.
My other DD adds to the Deadpool theory and rehashes some of this, but the gist is that if you can create a deadpool with your “buddy” then could you just add a ton to the deadpool three years ago through the market to drive the price down and not add it to the retail pool. In other words, more naked shares that drive the price down, but they end up in your “friends” hands. He also want to drive the price down so you can worry less.
Adding to the deadpool in a really desperate time would make sense to me. Now if a bunch of shares were added to the deadpool three years ago and were split by the splividend then how does that all work? I think with a normal split, naked shares that are split in the deadpool could be settled with cash. Does the splividend change that?
In other words, if there were a bunch of naked shares shat into the deadpool three years ago. Then they were split, but delivery was delayed until expiration. And now they’re finally expiring. Can they be settled with cash or do real shares need to be bought to fulfill the long overdue splividend?
THE DRS POOL
https://preview.redd.it/ms98f80j273d1.png?width=1366&format=png&auto=webp&s=958b2ec20c2b21ca40347d8ee64fdb1b442b653b
This just tries to simplify thing. The way the naked share is likely built results in it ending up in a deadpool between the naked shorters. They then pull naked shares from the deadpool and send them out into the market to naked short.
Good thing, you have recourse! Believe you’ve been sold a naked share?! Your only way to truly find out if you have a real share or not is by DRSing. Pull your shares into the DRS Pool. Now you can have peace of mind that it’s a real share.
ENDGAME
If I were a naked shorter facing a potential MOASS, what would I do?
  1. CHAOS & INFIGHTING – I would make sure I have as much control over the group as I could. If a MOASS pops off then I want to get hodlers fighting and not listening to one another. Confusion! Panic! Sell! I need their shares! I need hodlers to sell!
If I’m a naked shorter then I don’t want people to stay calm. I don’t want them learning about the market or sharing what they’ve learned. I want confusion.
  1. FEAR OF CALLS – Yes, I am pro options, but no I’m not telling you to go buy options. Options are risky, but if you know what you’re doing they can be very beneficial. In this scenario, I’m a naked shorter facing down a MOASS and I want people to sell shares. I really don’t want hodlers buying LONG CALLS or LEAPS. These are call options shot way out into the future, they’re risky, but less risky then short term options. Now, if I’m a naked shorter why don’t I want hodlers buying LONG CALLS?
  2. I could hedge that position by buying shares – if I’m super naked I probably won’t though. But if someone else sells the call they might hedge by buying shares.
  3. I want shares! I NEED shares! If I start smashing that buy button and no one sells then the price goes up until someone does. If everyone is hodling their shares and the price is going up then CALL options are getting more expensive. That means if hodlers have shares and calls they can sell the calls for profits and not sell me (the naked shorter) a single one of their shares. They can keep hodling, and/or use call profits to buy more shares and/or buy calls.
The price rises. Hodlers sell their calls for profits instead of their shares. I can’t find shares. The price rises. Hopefully, you get the picture.
HOW WOULD A MOASS START IN THIS SCENARIO?
Alright, we don’t know why a MOASS would pop off. It would probably be expiration dates and/or too many DRSd shares. But we still actually do know why: naked shorting, not enough shares, buy button smashed, price goes boom!
If it’s built the way I explained here, then MOASS means the Market Maker went to the market to buy some shares and there weren’t enough shares. But they like REALLY NEED SHARES. The price rises.
If it gets to expiration of some of the retail naked shares and they haven’t been rolled then the position starts unraveling.
MM: No shares.
HF: Contract. Shares now!
MM: No! You!
HF: Fuck.
MM: Margin Call
HF: I’m dying.
Let’s say this is what happened last time. The Hedge Funds blew up, if it happened again, would it now be a Market Maker and a bigger Market Maker stuck in this death loop?
MM: I have assumed the position.
lol
MM: Fuck, you know what I meant. I absorbed the HF’s toxic naked shorts!
So, if the Market Maker absorbed the naked short side of the play and is now the one who will be margin called. Who absorbed the Market Maker’s side? The one holding the “No! You!” reverse uno card this time around? If the Market Maker can’t survive like the Hedge Fund? Can the new guy survive like the MM did last time?
TL;DR
Some PhD papers by Welborn everyone needs to read like three years ago!
Options were used to naked short in the past – Welborn explains how.
ETFs likely used now – again, read Welborn. Please!
I layout how ETFs are likely pulled apart and shuffled around to create naked shares or what I like to call a deadpool. Dead shares that shouldn’t even exist.
Then the deadpool is pulled from to send naked shares into the market.
Again, if you want to learn how I got here I have a long DD from a year ago in my history OR preferably go read Welborn’s work.
The way this is all done means because of the way the naked shares are sent to market there could be weird price movement around triple-witching dates. March/April, June/July, SeptembeOctober, DecembeJanuary. Triple-witching dates are March, June, September, December, but I push them out a month because Market Makers get a little extra leeway that us common folk don’t get. Again, in my old DD I talk about why they could potentially have an extra month tacked onto their expirations.
Then because of the way the shares are originally pulled out of ETFs there could be weird movement around common expirations for LEAPS. January and June.
January and June could be extra special times where a batch of naked shares are expiring in the hands of retail and need to finish being rolled. While, also having a batch of naked shares originally created for the deadpool that need to finish being rolled.
I know this is all confusing, but basically I believe the rules allow a loophole for naked shorting through ETFs. I believe the way those naked shares are created makes a deadpool parked with naked shorters. When they want to match a buy on the market (retail buys a share) they then pull a naked share out of the deadpool and send it to retail. Naked shares in the deadpool hangout for about three years at a time meaning they need to be closed or rolled within 3 years. Naked shares to retail would likely be done with a 1 year expiration since retail usually churns through shares fast. You’re able to create a naked share and sell it to retail and buy it back and sell it and buy it several times before the naked share needs to be renewed (rolled – a new naked share created and the old one finally closed).
Using ETFs could also explain weird movements in other stocks. If you’re already pulling a bunch of different stocks out of the ETF (not just GME) then you could use some of those naked shares to naked short other stocks as well. You’d be selling to retail at different times so the price may not move in tandem around the triple-witching dates, but they could move similarly around deadpool expiration dates. Remember, to close the naked shares from the deadpool you need to buy shares and create the ETFs. January 2021 could be a time where you need to buy a bunch of different stocks to close/roll some of the deadpool. June 2024 could also be a time where naked shorters might need to buy a bunch of different stocks in order to finally create some ETFs. You might see some unrelated stocks suddenly increasing in price at the same time.
In my opinion, if a stock is heavily naked shorted, then a MOASS would kick off for 1 of 2 reasons.
  1. All or enough of the Real Shares are DRSd, and the naked short position is revealed in the market.
  2. Converging expiration dates cause naked shorters to buy large amounts of stock at one time mixed with strong retail buying. I think this may have been what happened in January 2021 – it’s a common expiration date for the derivatives used to naked short and there was strong retail buying. It’s possible something similar is happening in June of 2024 – a common expiration date and would be 3 years from 2021 allowing for LEAPS to be bought on the wider market. And this time around, there’s also still strong buy pressure, hodling, and DRSing.
This summer could be exciting, but it’s not a MOASS guarantee. I think DRSing and hodling is the only true guarantee to uncover naked shorting.
submitted by spacedebriss to Superstonk [link] [comments]


2024.05.28 18:32 spacedebriss Expanding on my Deadpool Theory: Does everything comes from the Deadpool?

Expanding on my Deadpool Theory: Does everything comes from the Deadpool?
THE DEADPOOL THEORY
I stayed up way too late last night and got up way too early this morning trying to put this together. I should probably edit it more, but oh well. This is what I have. I need to go do some other stuff now.
NONE OF THIS IS FINANCIAL ADVICE.
Probably should have waited to post until I toiled some more. I want to add to the deadpool theory. Not take away from it, just add to it. I think the Deadpool and Retail Pool go more hand in hand. I think the Deadpool is the original pool that feeds the retail pool.
The key for me has always been how the naked shares are created. Over a year ago I honestly reached a point where the DD was a jumbled mess in my mind. I wanted to start from zero and see what I could find, but not really zero because I had read a lot of DD, thanks to others I knew what to start searching for, so I set out.
https://preview.redd.it/1iagyg39273d1.png?width=1920&format=png&auto=webp&s=0b7b06f16f46956a06e00f5b3de49133e6227c53
CITATIONS
If you think I’m pulling all of this out of my ass similar to how naked shares are pulled out of asses then please go read my old DD with charts and figures, goes more in depth, and has some strong citations in my opinion. OR better yet go absorb some of those citations, especially these first four:
1. THREE ESSAYS ON NAKED SHORT SELLING AND FAILS-TO-DELIVER by John W. Welborn
2. MARRIED PUTS, REVERSE CONVERSIONS AND ABUSE OF THE OPTIONS MARKET MAKER EXCEPTION ON THE CHICAGO STOCK EXCHANGE by John W Welborn
3. ETF Short Interest and Failures-to-Deliver: Naked Short Selling or Operational Shorting?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ncq35zrFCAg&t=1655s
4. Exchange-Traded Funds, Fails-to-Deliver, and Market Volatility by Thomas Stratmann and John W. Welborn
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2183251
If you’re going to only read one of these then I’d make it this one.
Everybody here should read a little Welborn in my opinion. Dude is the GOAT!
SOME RELEVANT SEC FILINGS:
  1. https://www.sec.gov/investopubs/regsho.htm
  2. https://www.sec.gov/rules/2003/11/commission-guidance-rule-3b-3-and-married-put-transactions
These two are pretty good, especially for understanding the old options loophole.
PDF FILES:
DISCLAIMER: these links will try to download a PDF from the SEC’s website
  1. https://www.sec.gov/rules/final/34-50103.pdf
  2. https://www.sec.gov/litigation/admin/2012/34-67451.pdf
  3. https://www.sec.gov/rules/final/2007/34-56212fr.pdf
  4. https://www.sec.gov/rules/final/2008/34-58775fr.pdf
  5. https://www.sec.gov/rules/othe2008/34-58190.pdf
  6. https://www.sec.gov/rules/othe2008/34-58592.pdf
  7. https://www.sec.gov/rules/othe2008/34-58572.pdf
  8. https://www.sec.gov/rules/othe2008/34-58723.pdf
  9. https://www.sec.gov/rules/othe2008/34-58711.pdf
  10. https://www.sec.gov/rules/final/2008/34-58773.pdf
  11. https://www.sec.gov/about/offices/ocie/options-trading-risk-alert.pdf
  12. https://www.sec.gov/rules/final/2008/34-58775.pdf
  13. https://www.sec.gov/rules/proposed/2006/34-54154.pdf
  14. https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro/nscc/2020/34-89088.pdf
MORE SEC
  1. https://www.sec.gov/news/press/2008/2008-143.htm
  2. https://www.sec.gov/news/press/2008/2008-155.htm
  3. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgadata/1159510/000137036821000064/a210729-ex992.htm
PLAYING BY THE RULES?
I wanted to research that old DD by looking at the rules of naked shorting. When I would look into old DD and theories, I kept ending up at the answer of fraud. They didn’t stand up to the rules, unless lots o’ fraud was involved. Until I got to ETFs….
Now again, if you want more info go read the first four citations up at the top. The first 2 citations are PhD papers covering possible naked shorting and the Options loophole. This is the old way, this Options loophole was closed by the SEC back in 2008. For the new ETF way of naked shorting you can explore citations 3 and 4. These two citations cover how ETFs could be used to still naked short today. This is why I always felt the reactions to my old DD were so strange. I’m basically saying there could be a monstrous naked shorting position out in the market and it could be operating under the rules. No fraud is needed! Why didn’t superstonk respond with more positivity to my old DD a year ago?! I still think that DD did a pretty good job of laying out how naked shorters could be operating under the rules.
The rules make it clear to me that:
BULLET SWAPS – Can’t be used to make naked shares of a stock. If a naked shorter points to bullet swaps as where they got the shares from then the SEC should laugh in their face. You would need a lot of SEC fraud. Bullet swaps would have other good uses, but not for the actual creation of naked shares.
REHYPOTHECATION – The idea here is that the naked shorter borrows shares infinitely. The naked shorter points to the borrow and sure the SEC could let that pass, but it should still count as a borrow. Otherwise, you need more SEC fraud to explain this one. The Market should see the naked short position because it should be tagged as borrowed, and the naked shorter would also need to pay for that borrow. These are both things the naked shorter is trying to avoid – that’s why they create naked shares rather than borrow shares. Alternatively, the naked shorter could have a deal with a broker. The naked shorter does infinite borrows off of the brokers stock, but again you would need fraud from the broker and the broker would likely demand payment on the “borrows”. For rehypothecation to work you need a lot of fraud and naked shorters would likely need to pay borrow fees. Properly creating naked shares within the rules means no borrowing would be done (could be expensive) and means no fraud has to be done.
OPTIONS – This is where it gets confusing. Options used to be used to naked short, I wrote a big DD on this about a year ago. It has a lot of pictures and deep dives into a lot of stuff including options. If you want to learn more about the options loophole, don’t read my old DD, scroll back up to the top and read some of Welborn’s Options work (citations 1 and 2).
You would need two participants to naked short back in the day and I believe that’s how it’s still done today. One would be a Market Maker and one would typically be a Hedge Fund. The Market Maker had special privileges around options, MMs and only MMs could point to un-exercised options as a locate for shares. They create shares out of thin air and send them to a hedge fund. The hedge fund sells the MM back futures contracts and/or calls. The Market Maker uses the calls as a locates and the Market is none the wiser. Or is just apathetic. But they were technically following the rules as written. These packages of naked shares would have been built with options, futures, and naked shares all packaged together. This Options Market Maker loophole went away in 2008.
Options should not be an effective loophole for creating massive amounts of naked shares anymore. Again, you would need lots of SEC fraud.
ETFs – I’m not just throwing ETFs out there. There is a fucking fantastic Welborn paper (citation 4) and also a youtube video from a business professor (citation 3) on ETFs and how ETFs could possibly be used to naked short. To use ETFs you would still need a Market Maker and a Hedge Fund (the HF could be another MM or big institution). The Market Maker has special privileges. 1. They can pull shares out of ETFs. 2. They can also set future redemption/creation dates with that same Hedge Fund and not tell anybody. It seems the Options loophole to naked short was replaced with an ETF redemption/creation loophole to naked short.
Here’s a footnote in an SEC filing – I think this could be a smoking gun:
https://preview.redd.it/wl18r6p7273d1.png?width=593&format=png&auto=webp&s=2072c332bad9ba42c108ed477fbb0d27d4e983b8
Page 10 from: https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro/nscc/2020/34-89088.pdf
The new ETF loophole:
  1. The Market Maker and the Hedge Fund enter into an agreement that the Market Maker will create ETFs for the Hedge Fund far in the future.
  2. The Market Maker sends naked ETFs to the Hedge Fund.
  3. The Hedge Fund sends the naked ETFs back to the Market Maker and redeems them (requests) that the ETFs be opened up for the (naked) shares inside.
If the SEC comes sniffing around they’re just going to see a bunch of shares sitting in the Hedge Funds account. They were pulled out of an ETF for him by the Market Maker. The SEC goes to the Market Maker and the Market Maker says, “yep, pulled ‘‘em out of ETFs for the Hedge Fund.” SEC says, “cool”.
If the SEC goes back to the Hedge Fund and asks where they got the ETFs from he points to the Market Maker. SEC, “sounds good, can I leave you my resume?”
If the SEC goes to the Market Maker and asks where he got the ETFs, the Market Maker would probably say, “Ha! Fuck if I know! I could buy and sell a million of that fucking ETF in a day. You want to look through our ledgers?” SEC, “Oh. I should probably take ‘em, but I’ll just look at porn instead. You guys hiring?”
  1. 4. The Hedge Fund now has naked shares from the Market Maker that look like real shares to the SEC. The Hedge Fund can sell them into the market to naked short and it just looks like selling shares. The Deadpool has been created.
The Deadpool. Naked shorters creating a pool of naked shares between themselves. Now they’d likely want to set expirations for this position far in the future. The Deadpool was just to create the original naked shares. You want to naked short the stock into the ground which could take decades, so you’d want this pool you created to last as long as possible.
These naked shares from the Market Maker to the Hedge Fund would be insured through futures and/or LEAPS. I believe they would likely insure them with one another using futures contracts instead of LEAPS, but I’m not positive. Either way, this “insurance” means that if it gets to expiration and the Hedge Fund hasn’t delivered shares, the Market Maker can use those futures contracts to force delivery. But why might we also see naked shorters holding huge amounts of options? The options could be hedging and leveraging with the wider market (not other naked shorters).
So, if naked shorters are using futures to insure that they won’t be left holding the bag with one another then they would likely want to use common expiration dates for LEAPS. That lets them grab some “insurance” (Call Options) and extra leverage (Put Options) from non-naked shorters. If the naked shorters position blows up and they owe the other naked shorter shares then they can use their calls to get some shares from the market. Or if they’re position does well then they can make extra profits off of their puts.
Here’s a diagram that will hopefully explain some of this better:
https://preview.redd.it/bfupzl3f273d1.png?width=768&format=png&auto=webp&s=6cb63fd2f137a5f0b71d304663d91b16fdcd6ac4
The Hedge Fund is selling the naked shares from the Deadpool through the Market Maker into retail hands. Now the hedge fund like the market maker is going to want some futures or calls to make sure the market maker sells the shares back to him. But they’ll probably do this on a shorter timeline. Maybe they built the dealpool with three year expirations. Now they’ll naked short to retail probably using 1 year expirations.
I think retails average is about nine months for holding a stock. A year should be enough time to find a new share to buy in order to close/roll an old naked share. Retail naked shares would likely expire every March, June, September, December. Naked shorters are constantly closing and rolling their naked shorts with retail throughout the year. Or at least that’s the idea, usually retail sells pretty quickly and naked shorters can keep driving the price down.
Here’s a diagram to visualize deadpools and retail pools together. The red is the deadpool. The deadpools are the original pools of naked shares that are created with long expirations. It would make sense to have these expire three years out so 1. they last long – don’t have to keep creating naked shares and 2. they can be hedged/leveraged with the wider market using common expiration dates.
Then the yellow would be the pools of naked shares that are sold to retail. These would have shorter expirations because ideally the naked shorter would want to churn these in a year or less.
The naked shorters create a big deadpool of naked shares that will expire in three years. Then, if they’re using 1 year expirations with retail, they can use those naked shares in the market up to three times.
https://preview.redd.it/55ganyyg273d1.png?width=1366&format=png&auto=webp&s=2eff4244c5d67337a077df6025a879b192ad7553
Now look at where expiration dates line up between red pools and yellow pools. January and June. January and June are common expiration dates for LEAPS. Again, if the naked shorters want to hedge/leverage with the wider market then these would be the expiration dates they would want to build their naked shares around.
If the naked shares are built in this way then January of 2021 could have been a time where some of the Retail Pool and some of the Deadpool were expiring. Let’s say it’s a big expiration time and there are not enough shares. Maybe some DFV dude and a bunch of other retail investors are buying calls and shares. In this scenario, the Market Maker would try to find shares to close/roll the position. If unable, then the Hedge Fund would need to exercise their “insurance” and demand the shares from the MM. The Market Maker also has “insurance” though because he’s the big boy and he won’t be left holding the bag. The MM throws down his uno reverse card and screams, “No! You!”
BASKET THEORY – Why do other stocks move hard with GME at certain times?
Alright, let’s say naked shorters are building their positions how I’ve laid out. When naked shorters open the ETFs at the beginning of the deadpool, they are also pulling out naked shares of other companies. They could use those shares for a lot of different things. They could hold them and sell options to make money. Or they could also naked short some of those companies too.
Maybe, they open an ETF and pull out naked GME and some naked POPCORN. They could also naked short POPCORN into the market. It would move differently on a shorter timescale to GME because they’re rolling the position with retail a year at a time. It might move more in line with GME on a longer time scale.
When the deadpool expires they need to finish buying shares and creating ETFs. That could mean buying a bunch of different stocks at one time. Buy some the remaining GME, POPCORN, HEADPHONES, etc. and close/finish rolling your deadpool position by packaging those shares up into nice little ETFs.
2021 – 2024
This could all explain some of the wild stuff we’ve been seeing lately.
  1. Big price movement could signify that a big chunk of the deadpool opened three years ago could be expiring. Was all of that position rolled? Was a really big chunk of the deadpool created three years ago? I honestly have no clue.
  2. June would likely be when a chunk of retail naked shares also need to be closed/rolled. Retail naked shares expiring would be a yearly occurrence.
  3. Price movement of unrelated stocks. If a big chunk of the deadpool was built three years ago and is now expiring that would mean that shares need to be bought in order to finally create some ETFs. ETFs are made from baskets of stocks. If a naked shorters need to buy some other companies to build their ETFs then you could see price jumps in unrelated stocks.
  4. The naked shorted company sells some shares. Sure, some suspicious shit happened with your stock and maybe it could be naked shorting, but naked shorting is illegal and shorts closed, right? Really you just need cash to revolutionize your company so you put it out there that you’d like to start sell some shares. This could look like an off ramp for anyone who was naked shorting or someone who inherited a bunch of naked shorts. Might as well ask if you can get some of those shares. You know exactly when a large chunk of the deadpool is expiring because you’re know holding that toxic shit, so you’ll wait until the last minute to get out. How do you “insure” you can get out? If you can’t get enough shares directly from the company or from the market then your next best bet is options…
  5. Lots of options being bought lately. Let’s say you know you need a shit ton of shares soon and you have a pretty strong feeling that the stock price could rocket soon. You have a finite amount of cash you can spend on shares. You can buy options! We covered how they’re like insurance.
Let’s keep the math simple and use 100 batches since options are sold in 100 share batches. You need 100 shares of Stock A by June 22nd. Stock A is around $20. You do the math and find out you have enough money to buy 100 shares and 1 $20 call. 100 shares of stock A at $20 would be $2000 and let’s say the call would be about $200. You have $2200 total. Now, there’s no guarantee that you can get 100 shares in the market for $20, especially if you think buying pressure is about to turn on hard. By your 100th share you could be paying a lot more, meaning your $2200 could run out before you have 100 shares.
And you NEED 100 shares! The call insures that someone else has to find the shares for $20 each. You spend your $200 on the call option expiring June 22nd. Now you’re guaranteed to get your 100 shares for $20 each even if the price skyrockets. You spent $2200 on 100 shares.
Again, no one knows who is buying these calls or why, but this could line up nicely with my theory that a chunk of the deadpool is expiring soon.
I don’t want to get anyone excited for MOASS. I’ve made bad predictions in the past. In the past I thought a MOASS would probably happen in March, but that was because I hadn’t connected the deadpool to everything. Don’t get hyped, but if deadpools are built with January and June expirations then it would make sense that MOASS could happen in January or June. It would explain why naked shorters almost got fucked in January 2021. If, they were able to survive and push a huge chunk of their deadpool out three years then June 2024 could be a rough time for them. I’m not going to say it’s a guarantee of a MOASS this June/July. I will say that I really would not want to be a naked shorter trying to roll a bad bet on GME this June.
Now this is all conjecture, but what if part of the deadpool needed to be rolled in January of 2021? Meaning the Hedge Fund needed to settle up with the Market Maker so they could finish closing the deadpool and keep the position rolling.
Now the Deadpool was the original pool of naked shares. The Market Maker pulled these naked shares out of ETFs and sent them to the Hedge Fund. Naked shorters usually want to keep the train going until the company is bankrupt so they’d usually keep closing and rolling the deadpool until that happens.
So, if you’ve followed along then January of 2021 could have been a pretty key date where a Market Maker may have needed to buy to settle a portion of the Retail Pool. These would be shares that the Hedge Fund naked shorted to retail through the Market Maker – insuring with futures and/or LEAPS. Then the Hedge Fund would have also needed to finish settling a portion of the Deadpool back to the Market Maker that’s about to expire. Again, these deadpool naked shares are the original naked shares pulled out of ETFs, probably three years ago. They’ve been using and abusing that naked share with retail for three years, probably a year or so at a time.
If the position blew up, say in January of 2021 then some Hedge Funds would have also blown the fuck up. First, the market maker would go to the market and try to buy shares. No shares. The market maker turns to the hedge fund and says, “sorry, no shares.” This is why the Hedge Fund bough “insurance” or hedged with his “buddy”. The Hedge Fund uses his contracts with the Market Maker to say, “here’s the cash, where are the shares?”
The Market Maker plays his reverse uno card: The original contracts he made with the Hedge Fund when the naked shares were created and says, “No! You!”
Hedge Fund: Fuck! There are no shares!
MM: Not my problem. Where are my shares?
Market: No shares.
The Market Maker has the Hedge Funds other positions liquidated until there’s enough cash to buy shares in the market. In asinine cases where this happens the market might allow the Market Maker to just turn off the buy button to save his sorry ass. This is considered by many to be complete bullshit.
The deadpool is closed/rolled. Possibly three years into the future. 2021 to 2024.
I think there might always be a Deadpool that then feeds the Retail Pool.
My other DD adds to the Deadpool theory and rehashes some of this, but the gist is that if you can create a deadpool with your “buddy” then could you just add a ton to the deadpool three years ago through the market to drive the price down and not add it to the retail pool. In other words, more naked shares that drive the price down, but they end up in your “friends” hands. He also want to drive the price down so you can worry less.
Adding to the deadpool in a really desperate time would make sense to me. Now if a bunch of shares were added to the deadpool three years ago and were split by the splividend then how does that all work? I think with a normal split, naked shares that are split in the deadpool could be settled with cash. Does the splividend change that?
In other words, if there were a bunch of naked shares shat into the deadpool three years ago. Then they were split, but delivery was delayed until expiration. And now they’re finally expiring. Can they be settled with cash or do real shares need to be bought to fulfill the long overdue splividend?
THE DRS POOL
https://preview.redd.it/2yv2husj273d1.png?width=1366&format=png&auto=webp&s=21dd192a3f928710978067ddd41ef445d74b50bc
This just tries to simplify thing. The way the naked share is likely built results in it ending up in a deadpool between the naked shorters. They then pull naked shares from the deadpool and send them out into the market to naked short.
Good thing, you have recourse! Believe you’ve been sold a naked share?! Your only way to truly find out if you have a real share or not is by DRSing. Pull your shares into the DRS Pool. Now you can have peace of mind that it’s a real share.
ENDGAME
If I were a naked shorter facing a potential MOASS, what would I do?
  1. CHAOS & INFIGHTING – I would make sure I have as much control over the group as I could. If a MOASS pops off then I want to get hodlers fighting and not listening to one another. Confusion! Panic! Sell! I need their shares! I need hodlers to sell!
If I’m a naked shorter then I don’t want people to stay calm. I don’t want them learning about the market or sharing what they’ve learned. I want confusion.
  1. FEAR OF CALLS – Yes, I am pro options, but no I’m not telling you to go buy options. Options are risky, but if you know what you’re doing they can be very beneficial. In this scenario, I’m a naked shorter facing down a MOASS and I want people to sell shares. I really don’t want hodlers buying LONG CALLS or LEAPS. These are call options shot way out into the future, they’re risky, but less risky then short term options. Now, if I’m a naked shorter why don’t I want hodlers buying LONG CALLS?
  2. I could hedge that position by buying shares – if I’m super naked I probably won’t though. But if someone else sells the call they might hedge by buying shares.
  3. I want shares! I NEED shares! If I start smashing that buy button and no one sells then the price goes up until someone does. If everyone is hodling their shares and the price is going up then CALL options are getting more expensive. That means if hodlers have shares and calls they can sell the calls for profits and not sell me (the naked shorter) a single one of their shares. They can keep hodling, and/or use call profits to buy more shares and/or buy calls.
The price rises. Hodlers sell their calls for profits instead of their shares. I can’t find shares. The price rises. Hopefully, you get the picture.
HOW WOULD A MOASS START IN THIS SCENARIO?
Alright, we don’t know why a MOASS would pop off. It would probably be expiration dates and/or too many DRSd shares. But we still actually do know why: naked shorting, not enough shares, buy button smashed, price goes boom!
If it’s built the way I explained here, then MOASS means the Market Maker went to the market to buy some shares and there weren’t enough shares. But they like REALLY NEED SHARES. The price rises.
If it gets to expiration of some of the retail naked shares and they haven’t been rolled then the position starts unraveling.
MM: No shares.
HF: Contract. Shares now!
MM: No! You!
HF: Fuck.
MM: Margin Call
HF: I’m dying.
Let’s say this is what happened last time. The Hedge Funds blew up, if it happened again, would it now be a Market Maker and a bigger Market Maker stuck in this death loop?
MM: I have assumed the position.
lol
MM: Fuck, you know what I meant. I absorbed the HF’s toxic naked shorts!
So, if the Market Maker absorbed the naked short side of the play and is now the one who will be margin called. Who absorbed the Market Maker’s side? The one holding the “No! You!” reverse uno card this time around? If the Market Maker can’t survive like the Hedge Fund? Can the new guy survive like the MM did last time?
TL;DR
Some PhD papers by Welborn everyone needs to read like three years ago!
Options were used to naked short in the past – Welborn explains how.
ETFs likely used now – again, read Welborn. Please!
I layout how ETFs are likely pulled apart and shuffled around to create naked shares or what I like to call a deadpool. Dead shares that shouldn’t even exist.
Then the deadpool is pulled from to send naked shares into the market.
Again, if you want to learn how I got here I have a long DD from a year ago in my history OR preferably go read Welborn’s work.
The way this is all done means because of the way the naked shares are sent to market there could be weird price movement around triple-witching dates. March/April, June/July, SeptembeOctober, DecembeJanuary. Triple-witching dates are March, June, September, December, but I push them out a month because Market Makers get a little extra leeway that us common folk don’t get. Again, in my old DD I talk about why they could potentially have an extra month tacked onto their expirations.
Then because of the way the shares are originally pulled out of ETFs there could be weird movement around common expirations for LEAPS. January and June.
January and June could be extra special times where a batch of naked shares are expiring in the hands of retail and need to finish being rolled. While, also having a batch of naked shares originally created for the deadpool that need to finish being rolled.
I know this is all confusing, but basically I believe the rules allow a loophole for naked shorting through ETFs. I believe the way those naked shares are created makes a deadpool parked with naked shorters. When they want to match a buy on the market (retail buys a share) they then pull a naked share out of the deadpool and send it to retail. Naked shares in the deadpool hangout for about three years at a time meaning they need to be closed or rolled within 3 years. Naked shares to retail would likely be done with a 1 year expiration since retail usually churns through shares fast. You’re able to create a naked share and sell it to retail and buy it back and sell it and buy it several times before the naked share needs to be renewed (rolled – a new naked share created and the old one finally closed).
Using ETFs could also explain weird movements in other stocks. If you’re already pulling a bunch of different stocks out of the ETF (not just GME) then you could use some of those naked shares to naked short other stocks as well. You’d be selling to retail at different times so the price may not move in tandem around the triple-witching dates, but they could move similarly around deadpool expiration dates. Remember, to close the naked shares from the deadpool you need to buy shares and create the ETFs. January 2021 could be a time where you need to buy a bunch of different stocks to close/roll some of the deadpool. June 2024 could also be a time where naked shorters might need to buy a bunch of different stocks in order to finally create some ETFs. You might see some unrelated stocks suddenly increasing in price at the same time.
In my opinion, if a stock is heavily naked shorted, then a MOASS would kick off for 1 of 2 reasons.
  1. All or enough of the Real Shares are DRSd, and the naked short position is revealed in the market.
  2. Converging expiration dates cause naked shorters to buy large amounts of stock at one time mixed with strong retail buying. I think this may have been what happened in January 2021 – it’s a common expiration date for the derivatives used to naked short and there was strong retail buying. It’s possible something similar is happening in June of 2024 – a common expiration date and would be 3 years from 2021 allowing for LEAPS to be bought on the wider market. And this time around, there’s also still strong buy pressure, hodling, and DRSing.
This summer could be exciting, but it’s not a MOASS guarantee. I think DRSing and hodling is the only true guarantee to uncover naked shorting.
submitted by spacedebriss to u/spacedebriss [link] [comments]


2024.05.28 01:32 MortgageRich3613 Comptia Certification Help Reddit Online Cert Exam Helper A+ Network+ Security+ Linux+ Cloud+ PenTest+ Cybersecurity Analyst (CSA+) Server+ Storage+ IT Fundamentals+ Cloud Essentials Big Data Analytics Network Vulnerability Assessment Linux Networking Security IT Sales Core 1 Core 2 Test Reddit

If you are unable to Handle your Comptia Certification Exam, get paid help from Online Helpers at Hiraedu!
Contact Details for Hiraedu Helper:
WhatsApp: +1 (213) 594-5657
Call: +1 727 456 9641
Website: hiraedu. com
Email: [info@hiraedu](mailto:info@hiraedu). com
Ultimate Guide to CompTIA Certification Study Resources: Prepare for Online Exams with Confidence
CompTIA certifications are a great way to kickstart or advance your IT career. With a wide range of certifications available, it can be overwhelming to know where to start studying. In this blog, we'll provide a comprehensive guide to CompTIA certification study resources, helping you prepare for online exams with confidence.
CompTIA Certification Levels:
Before we dive into study resources, let's quickly cover the three main levels of CompTIA certifications:
  1. Core Certifications: Entry-level certifications covering IT fundamentals, such as A+, Network+, and Security+.
  2. Specialty Certifications: Mid-level certifications focusing on specific areas like cybersecurity, data analytics, and cloud computing.
  3. Professional Certifications: Advanced certifications for experienced professionals, such as CASP+ and PenTest+.
Study Resources:

Official CompTIA Resources:

  1. CompTIA Learning and Training: Download practice questions, exam objectives, and study guides.
  2. Certification Study Guides and Books: CompTIA offers study guides in both ebook and print formats.
  3. Online Learning Platform: Interactive online courses and study materials.

Free Study Resources:

  1. CompTIA Free Practice Tests: Get free practice test questions for CompTIA certification exams.
  2. Reddit Study Groups: Join online communities, like , to connect with others studying for the exam.
  3. YouTube Study Channels: Channels like Professor Messer and CompTIA offer video study materials.

Paid Study Resources:

  1. Udemy Courses: Comprehensive online courses covering various CompTIA certifications.
  2. Pluralsight: Interactive online courses and study materials.
  3. Study Guides and Books: Third-party study guides and books from publishers like Wiley and Sybex.

Additional Tips:

  1. Make a study plan: Set aside dedicated time to study and review material.
  2. Practice, practice, practice: The more you practice, the more confident you'll feel on exam day.
  3. Use flashcards: Flashcards can help you memorize key terms and concepts.
  4. Join online communities: Connect with others studying for the exam to stay motivated and get help when needed.
Preparing for CompTIA certification exams requires dedication and the right study resources. By leveraging official CompTIA resources, free study materials, and paid study resources, you'll be well on your way to passing your exam and advancing your IT career. Remember to stay focused, practice regularly, and join online communities for support. Good luck on your exam!
Additional Resources:

Other Exam Help Services from HireEdu:

If you are unable to Pass your Online Exams, Quizzes, Tests or Unable to Handle Homework Assignments or full course online, Get paid help from Online Helpers at Hiraedu!
Contact Details for Hiraedu Helper:
WhatsApp: +1 (213) 594-5657
Call: +1 727 456 9641
Website: hiraedu. com
Email: [info@hiraedu](mailto:info@hiraedu). com
𝙈𝙔 𝙏𝙀𝘼𝙈 𝘼𝙉𝘿 𝙄 𝘾𝘼𝙉 𝙃𝘼𝙉𝘿𝙇𝙀 𝙏𝙃𝙀 𝙁𝙊𝙇𝙇𝙊𝙒𝙄𝙉𝙂 𝘼𝘾𝘼𝘿𝙀𝙈𝙄𝘾 𝙏𝘼𝙎𝙆𝙎 𝙁𝙊𝙍 𝙔𝙊𝙐:
𝐌𝐘 𝐓𝐄𝐀𝐌'𝐒 𝐂𝐋𝐀𝐒𝐒𝐄𝐒 𝐎𝐅 𝐄𝐗𝐏𝐄𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐒𝐄:
  1. Nursing and Medicine: We can take ANY Medical or Nursing exam for you Step Comp Exam ATI test TEAS 7 version HESI A2 HESI Examplify Accuplacer NLN Pax Med Surg Pediatrics Fundamentals COTAC exam Exit Exam Comp Predictor Informatics Mental Health RN student DNP NP Pharmacology Med Math Teas Test Teas exam ATI Comprehensive Predictor Test TS-C exam Tech in Surgery certification exam ATI Comprehensive Predictor Exam with NGN Joyce Nursing School Chamberlain Nursing West Coast University Saint Paul's School of Nursing Long Island University Nursing School We also help students from many other Nursing Schools ATI RN ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL 2019 with NGN 2023 ATI Comp Predictor ATI Pediatrics ATI Nutrition exam ATI Med Math Nursing tutor TEAS Student Nurse TEAS test, ATI test answers ATI Med Surg ATI Informatics ATI Pharmacology ATI Mental Health ATI ObGyn ATI Pathophysiology ATI Fundamentals exam ATI Maternity ATI Med-Surg ATI Community Health ATI Leadership management ATI Maternal newborn ATI Nursing care ATI Pediatrics ATI Med surg proctored exam ATI Medical surgical nursing ATI Teas Version 7 Register for the TEAS ATI Test Prep ATI Adult Medical surgical ATI Exit Exam Nursing Exit Exam ATI Teas Test ATI Teas Exam ATI Capstone Comp ATI Gerontology ATI test bank ATI Peds ATI Nursing care of children ATI RN Nursing care ATI Care of children ACLS answers BLS answers ACLS questions HESI Test BLS questions
  2. Essay Writing Service: Ghostwriter for your Paper and College Essays Essay Writer for Hire Write my Essay Write my Paper Editor Editing Ghostwriter Annotated bibliography Literature Review Thesis Dissertation PowerPoint presentation Cover Letter writer Resume writer Character Reference Letter writer Swot Analysis Proofreader Proofread Rewrite Admission essay writer Admission letter writer Statement of Purpose College Paper Proposal writer
  3. Statistics: AP Statistics Biostatistics Business Statistics Elementary Statistics Intro to Statistics Psychology Statistics Social Science Statistics Statistics & Probability Statistical Methods Statistical & Probability Models Statistics test taker Hwforcash statistics Stats
  4. Math: Advanced Functions Algebra Calculus 1, 2, 3 (and 4 in some schools) Vector Calculus Differential Calculus Integral Calculus Multivariable Calculus Differential Equations Discrete Math Discrete Structures Finite Mathematics Functions Geometry Linear Algebra Precalculus Probability Real Analysis Statistics Trigonometry Quantitative Methods & Reasoning Pre-cal Take my math exam Business Calculus Hwforcash math help precal pre-cal Business Math Math test help Calc test Finite math
  5. Science: Anatomy & Physiology Astronomy Biochemistry Biology Chemistry (General, Inorganic & Organic) Dental / Pre-Dental Earth Science Engineering (Almost All Types) Environmental Science Epidemiology Fluid & Mechanics Geology Geophysics Medicine / Pre-Med Microbiology Neuroscience Physics Physical Science Oceanography Pharmacology A&P Immunology StudentNurse reddit Histology Pathophysiology Medical terminology Hwforcash Ochem Orgo Comp exam Medical School Exam Cellular Biology AP Biology test Ecology Pharmacy Biochem Physical therapy Respiratory therapist PT school exams Occupational therapist exams
  6. Business: Accounting * Auditing * Banking * Business Administration * Business Law * Corporate Finance * Cost Accounting * Econometrics * Economics * Finance * Financial Institutions * Financial Reporting * Global Economics * Governance * International Economics * Macroeconomics * Management * Marketing * MBA Courses * Mergers and Acquisitions * Microeconomics * Operations Management * Principles of Accounting * Real Estate * Taxation * Lsat * Law School * Criminal Law * Constitutional Law * Tort Law * Mgmt * Acct * Biz * Financial accounting * Law School Tutor
  7. English: Business Writing Creative Writing Critical Reading Digital Media Eastern Literature English Literature Essays Expository & Persuasive Writing Fiction Writing Greek and Roman Philosophy Grammar Poetry Blog writer Shopify writer Ghost writer Ghostwriter Hwforcash essay
  8. Humanities & Social Sciences: Architecture Anthropology Art History Communication Criminal Justice Forestry Ethnic Studies Film History Music theory Philosophy Political Science Psychology Psychiatry Religious Studies Sociology Theology Women Studies Spanish tutor communications hwforcash
  9. Computer Science & Programming: Android AWS Azure Blockchain Cryptocurrency Smart Contracts C C# C++ Cloud Computer Organization and Assembly Languages CSS Data Science Data Structures and Algorithms Deep Learning Design Patterns Game Design and Development iOS Java Javascript Machine Learning MATLAB MySQL Networking NoSQL Object Oriented Programming Operating Systems PHP Principles of Computer Science Programming for Virtual Reality Programming Languages Python R Robotics Ruby Software Engineering SQL Swift Web Development
  10. WE HELP WITH ALL EXAMS: TEAS HESI Wonderlic ATI Exams Proctor U Lockdown Browser Respondus Examplify Exam Soft Proctortrack Honorlock Proctortrack Prometric Proproctor Examity Lsat NLN PAX Proctorio GED TEAS 7 HESIA2 HESI A2 NGN questions PRAXIS ETS GRE CLEP TOEFL Inspera Exam Portal WGU exam WEST exam Pearson OnVUE West-B West B Exam West E Exam Insurance exam VCLA exam RICA exam AEPA exam CBEST exam CSET Exam CCE Exams CompTIA exam MTEL Exam MTLE Exam NBCC exam PECT exam PTCB exam NREMT exam ASWB exam OnVue test OnVue Exam ProctorU exam WGU assessment WGU OA exam WGU PA Exam WGU Readiness assessment WGU Online Exam and more!
  11. ATI Exams and Medical Exams: RN Maternal Newborn 2019 with NGN RN Nutrition RN Pharmacology RN Targeted Medical Surgical Neurosensory and Musculoskeletal RN Targeted Medical Surgical Renal and Urinary RN Targeted Medical Surgical Endocrine RN Fundamentals with NGN RN Targeted Medical Surgical Cardiovascular RN Targeted Medical Surgical Respiratory RN targeted Medical Surgical Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base 2019 RN Targeted Medical Surgical Immune RN Targeted Medical Surgical Gastrointestinal ATI Nursing informatics and Technology ATI Anatomy and Physiology ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment ATI Fundamentals 2020 with NGN Adult Medical Surgical 2020 with NGN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 ATI Dosage calculation ATI Capstone management ATI Capstone mental health ATI Capstone Pharmacology ATI Capstone Adult Medical Surgical ATI Capstone Nursing care of maternal/child and women's health ATI Capstone Fundamentals ATI Capstone Predictor Exam TEAS exam study guide ATI Teas 7 Study guide Adult Health Med Surg TEAS 7 HESI exit exam HESI RN Exit Test HESI RN Exit Exam Exit HESI Nursing School Comp Exam Medical School Comprehensive Exam Shelf exam Pass the Comp Pass Comp Exam Kaplan Comp Exam Kaplan Comprehensive Exam Clinical Science Math Validation Med-math Medsurg ATI ATI Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base regulation Peds ATI Pediatric ATI Comm Health Comprehensive Nursing ATI Exam Pharmacology ATI exam Maternal newborn ATI exam Pharm ATI ATI exam remediation Maternal ATI Exam Mental ATI exam Fundamentals ATI exam Peds ATI exam Nutrition ATI exam ATI nursing test Mental health ATI exam Capstone ATI Exam ATI Comprehensive Exit Exam Community ATI OB Maternal newborn ATI remediation HESI mental health HESI PN exit HESI Med surg HESI fundamentals RN Community Health RN Exit HESI Readiness for NCLEX RN Exit NGN HESI Assessment Next Generation NCLEX RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Next Generation questions ATI exam study guide ATI test remediation HESI exam Comprehensive ATI exam Comp ATI exam Comp HESI exam ATI testing ATI test prep ATI TEAS test prep TEAS exam preparation TEAS Test Practice Pass ATI Pass the TEAS Pass the HESI Medication proficiency exam Math Validation exam safeMedicate Med Math Competency LPN final exam Next Gen NCLEX CJE exam Clinical Judgment Exam Medical-surgical Health assessment Readiness exam Maternal-child Case study questions and more!
𝐌𝐘 𝐄𝐃𝐔𝐂𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐀𝐋 𝐒𝐎𝐅𝐓𝐖𝐀𝐑𝐄 𝐎𝐅 𝐄𝐗𝐏𝐄𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐒𝐄:
Acellus ALEKS Aplia APEX Learning Badgr Blackboard Blink Learning Brightspace / D2L Canvas Cengage CengageNow Childsmath Cisco ConnectMath Connexus CPM Crowdmark EViews Edmentum Examity Excel Garch Google Classroom Google Education Gradescope Hawkes Learning Honorlock iClicker InQuizitive (Norton) Java Kaltura Khan Academy Knewton Kryterion LaunchPad MATLAB Maple MasteringChemistry MasteringPhysics MathXL Mathematica McGraw-Hill Connect MegaStat Microsoft Teams Microsoft Access, Word, Excel, PowerPoint Mindtap Minitab MonitorEDU Moodle MyAccountingLab MyEconLab MyFinanceLab MyITLab MyMathLab MyOpenMath MyPsychLab MySocLab MyStatLab NCSS Outlier Pearson MyLab and Mastering Piazza PlatoWeb Prezi Proctor360 Proctorio Proctortrack Python R Respondus Lockdown Browser with Webcam SAM Sapling SAS SPSS Socrative Stata StraighterLine Turnitin VoiceThread WebAssign WebEx WebWork Wiley WileyPlus Zoom Examplify Exam Soft Pro Proctor Proctor U ExamRoom AI RPnow DMV Traffic School Help Lockdown Browser OEM PSI exam Lockdown OEM Tableau
If you are unable to Pass your Online Exams, Quizzes, Tests or Unable to Handle Homework Assignments or full course online, Get paid help from Online Helpers at Hiraedu!
Contact Details for Hiraedu Helper:
WhatsApp: +1 (213) 594-5657
Call: +1 727 456 9641
Website: hiraedu. com
Email: [info@hiraedu](mailto:info@hiraedu). com
𝐓𝐎𝐏 𝐑𝐄𝐀𝐒𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐖𝐇𝐘 𝐈'𝐌 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐓 𝐋𝐄𝐆𝐈𝐓 𝐄𝐗𝐀𝐌, 𝐇𝐖, 𝐎𝐍𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐄 𝐂𝐋𝐀𝐒𝐒 𝐓𝐔𝐓𝐎𝐑 𝐎𝐍 𝐑𝐄𝐃𝐃𝐈𝐓:
𝐇𝐎𝐖 𝐈 𝐂𝐀𝐋𝐂𝐔𝐋𝐀𝐓𝐄 𝐅𝐈𝐍𝐀𝐋 𝐑𝐀𝐓𝐄𝐒:
Exams & Quizzes: Final rates for exams and quizzes depend on various factors including: whether or not there is proctoring, how many hours the exam is, total number of questions including sub-parts, preferred method of me delivering solutions, whether it's show all work or just the answer only, and whether the assessment has a flexible window of time to complete or a fixed & rigid start and end time.
Full Courses: Final rates for full class help depend all the foregoing plus: total number of hw, quizzes, exams, discussion posts, and other academic tasks left that need to be completed, total number of weeks or modules left in the class to complete.
Essays Papers Discussion Posts: Final rates for writing tasks depend on the required number of words or pages. topic of interest, type of citations, required number and type of sources & bibliography style , level of research required, and type of additional software required to complete the essay like: Excel, R, or Minitab.
𝐀𝐁𝐎𝐔𝐓 𝐌𝐘 𝐑𝐀𝐓𝐄𝐒 & 𝐏𝐀𝐘𝐌𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐎𝐏𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒:
I’m willing to do all of the following to help you feel more secure in trusting me with your academic needs:
My Mission: Thank you for taking the time to read my Reddit post. I take what I do very seriously and I always strive to get the highest possible grades for all students who entrust me with their coursework.
Closing Words: Please feel free to reach out to me if you're sincerely interested in having help you with your school work. I am available via text and phone almost 24/7/365.
𝐓𝐀𝐆𝐒:
Should I Pay Someone to Take My Exam Reddit, Statistics Test Taker Reddit, Take My Calculus Exam Reddit, Take My Class Pro Reddit, Take My Class Pro Reviews Reddit, Take My Exam for Me Reddit, Take My Math Test for Me Reddit, Take My Online Class Reddit, Take My Online Class for Me Reddit, Take My Online Exam for Me Reddit, Pass the Teas, Take My Online Exams Reddit, Take My Online Exams Review Reddit, Take My Online Test Reddit, Take My Online Test for Me Reddit, Take My Physics Exam for Me Reddit, Take My Proctored Exam for Me Reddit, Take My Statistics Exam for Me Reddit, Take My Test for Me Reddit, Takemyonlineexams Reddit, Test Taker Reddit, We Take Classes Reddit, Write My Exam for Me Reddit Accounting Exam Help Reddit, Hw 4 cash, StudentNurse, Student Nurse, Best Website to Pay for Homework Reddit, Bypass Respondus Lockdown Browser Reddit, Calculus Test Taker Reddit, Canvas Cheating Reddit, Cheating in Online Exam Reddit, Cheat on Teas, Cheating on Pearson Mymathlab Reddit, Cheating on Proctortrack Reddit, Cheating on Zoom Proctored Exams Reddit, Cheating on a Test Reddit, College Algebra Mymathlab Reddit, Do Homework for Money Reddit, Do My Exam for Me Reddit, Do My Homework for Me Reddit, Do My Math Homework Reddit, Do My Math Homework for Me Reddit, Do My Test for Me Reddit, Doing Homework Reddit, Domyhomework Reddit, Exam Help Online Reddit, Finance Homework Help Reddit, Fiverr Exam Cheating Reddit, Gradeseekers Reddit, Hire Test Taker Reddit, Homework Help Reddit, Homework Sites Reddit, Homeworkdoer Reddit, Homeworkhelp Reddit, Honorlock Reddit, How Much Should I Pay Someone to Take My Exam Reddit, How to Cheat on Respondus Reddit, How to Beat Lockdown Browser Reddit, How to Cheat Examity Reddit 2022, How to Cheat Honorlock Reddit, How to Cheat in School Reddit, Cheat on OnVUE, How to Cheat on Canvas Tests Reddit, How to Cheat on Math Test Reddit, How to Cheat on Online Exams Reddit, How to Cheat on Online Proctored Exams Reddit, How to Cheat on Zoom Exam Reddit, How to cheat on Proctored test, How to Cheat on Zoom Exams Reddit, How to Cheat on ATI Reddit, How to Cheat on a Proctored Exam Reddit, How to Cheat with Proctorio 2023 Reddit, How to Cheat with Proctorio Reddit, How to cheat on Proctorio Reddit, How to Cheat with Respondus Monitor Reddit, How to Get Past Lockdown Browser Reddit, Hwforcash Discord, Hw4cash, I Paid Someone to Write My Essay Reddit, Is Hwforcash Legit, Lockdown Browser Hack Reddit, Lockdown Browser How to Cheat Reddit, Math Homework Reddit, Mymathlab Answer Key Reddit, Mymathlab Answers Reddit, How to Cheat on Proctored Exam Reddit, Mymathlab Cheat Reddit, DomyHomeworkforme Reddit, Mymathlab Proctored Test Reddit, Homework, Reddit Pay for Homework, Reddit Pay to Do Homework, Take my ATI exam Reddit, Reddit Test Takers for Hire, Reddit Tutors, Paying Someone to Do Your Homework Reddit, Organic Chemistry Test Taker Reddit, Pay Me to Do Your Homework Reddit, Cheat on Respondus, Hwforcash, Pay Someone to Do My Programming Homework Reddit, Take my Nursing exam Reddit, Physics Test Taker Reddit, Do My Assignment Reddit, Reddit Pay Someone to Take Online Test, Hire Someone to Take My Online Exam Reddit, Examity Reddit, Pay Someone to Do My College Homework Reddit, Proctored Exam Reddit, How to Cheat and Not Get Caught Reddit, Pay Someone to Write My Paper Reddit, How to Cheat on Examity Reddit, How to cheat on ExamSoft Reddit, Paying Someone to Take My Online Class Reddit, Organic Chemistry Exam Help Reddit, Monitoredu Reddit, Pay Someone to Take My Calculus Exam Reddit, Pay Someone to Take My Test in Person Reddit, How to Cheat on Mymathlab Reddit, How to Cheat on Honorlock Reddit, Online Exam Proctor Reddit, Online Proctored Exam Reddit, Cheat on Proctor U, Paper Writers Reddit, Pay Someone to Do Homework Reddit, Pay Someone to Do My Assignment Reddit, Pay Someone to Do My Homework Reddit, Pay Someone to Do My Math Homework Reddit, Pay Someone to Do My Online Class Reddit, Pay Someone to Do My Online Math Class Reddit, Pay Someone to Do Statistics Homework Reddit, Pay Someone to Take Exam Reddit, Pay Someone to Take Exam for Me Reddit, Pay Someone to Take My Chemistry Exam Reddit, Pay Someone to Take My Exam Reddit, Pay Someone to Take My Online Class Reddit, Pay Someone to Take My Online Exam Reddit, How to Cheat on TEAS Reddit, Pay Someone to Take My Proctored Exam Reddit, Pay to Do Homework Reddit, Hw4cash, Paying Someone to Take My Online Class Reddit, Paying Someone to Take Online Class Reddit, Paysomeonetodo Reddit, Reddit Do My Homework for Me, Reddit Domyhomework, How to cheat on Test Reddit, Reddit Homework Cheat, Reddit Homework Help, Online Exam Help Reddit, How to cheat on Lockdown Browser Reddit, Pay Someone to Take Online Class for Me Reddit, Reddit Honorlock Cheating, Examplify bypass Reddit, Take my Law exam Reddit, Best Ways to Cheat on a Test Reddit, Lsat tutor reddit, Pay Someone to Take Online Test Reddit, How to cheat on Examplify Reddit, Pay Someone to Take Your Online Class Reddit, Reddit Mymathlab Homework Answers, Pay Me to Do Your Homework Reviews Reddit, How to Beat Honorlock Reddit, Cheat on ATI, Teas exam Reddit, Take My Online Exams Reviews Reddit, Exam Cheating Reddit, Best Online Test Takers Reddit, Reddit Homework for Money, Reddit Mymathlab Hack, Reddit Paid Homework, Reddit Pay Someone to Do Your Exam, Pay for Homework Reddit, How to cheat on Nursing exam Reddit, pay someone to take my proctored test Reddit 𝐖𝐞 𝐜𝐚𝐧 𝐡𝐞𝐥𝐩 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐚𝐧𝐲 𝐞𝐱𝐚𝐦 𝐨𝐫 𝐚𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐠𝐧𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭!
submitted by MortgageRich3613 to CompTIA_ [link] [comments]


2024.05.27 20:06 kiwi0fruit On Natural selection of the laws of nature, Artificial life, Open-ended evolution of Interacting code-data-dual algorithms, Universal Darwinism and Buddhism-like illusion of the Self

1 Practical introduction 2 Theoretical introduction 3 On Natural selection of the laws of nature, Artificial life, Open-ended evolution of Interacting code-data-dual algorithms 4 Universal Darwinism and Buddhism-like illusion of the Self 5 Request to those who are interested in the research topic

1 Practical introduction

The article contains two parts that try to provide ideas for the following problems:

2 Theoretical introduction

This article gives point of view on several interconnected research directions that stem from a single ancient question: “Why is there something rather than nothing?”. That is obviously answered with “It's just the way it is” and reduced into the proper question: “Why these structures exist rather than others?”. And this one needs answering and cannot be brute-facted away entirely (unless we are OK with something like Last Thursdayism. I'm not OK).
And theory of computation seems to be the field which language is the most suitable to answer this question.

3 On Natural selection of the laws of nature, Artificial life, Open-ended evolution of Interacting code-data-dual algorithms

a) “Why these structures exist rather than others?”: So this is not just about finding out how the universe works. It's about creating a mathematical framework of questions and answers suitable to find out why the universe is structured this way and not otherwise. Great part of Laws of nature are also (mathematical) structures that require explanation and history.
b) History from natural selection: For this purpose, the best available general-purpose explanation of emegrence of novel and stable complexity is proposed to be used: natural selection (NS) and evolution (which replaced the primordial general intelligence that was previously used by scholars for such explanations). Sraightforward natural selection with postulates: individuals and/are environment, selection/death, reproduction/doubling, heredity, variation/random (true random as in theoretical Bernoulli coin toss). And NS starts from some initial state (to avoid infinite regress).
c) Adding Open-ended evolution property: The idea is to search the mathematical framework in the form of a family of the simplest models capable of Open-ended evolution (OEE) and natural selection. That is, mathematical model/simulation of artificial life with OEE is one in which natural selection and evolution do not stop, but are able to continue until the emergence of intelligent life (theoretically). In some sense, such a family would be similar to the family of Turing-complete languages as in the formalized algorithms concept (only with OEE property instead of Turing completeness). History of emergence via natuaral selection is the answer to “Why these structures exist rather than others?” question (most part of the question).
d) “Gauging away” what is left by equivalence class: There is not a guarantee, but a hope that the equivalence class of all math models with OEE property will be the answer to the question why this particular model is used to answer the remaining part of the “Why these structures exist rather than others?” question: “It's just the way it is”. This is observed and brute-facted, not explained. In this specualtion we hope that all suitable OEE models are equivalent in their key behavior and key probabilities (whatever that means is to be defined) and their differences can be “gauged away”. If not, then this line of thought is screwed and we need to rewise.
e) Code-data-dual algorithms substrate for natural selection: As we are trying to historically explain as much as possible then we expect OEE model to be relatively simple (“as simple as possible, but not simpler”) with even space dimensions and a big part of the laws of nature being emergent (formed via natural selection for a very long time like in Cosmological natural selection). The best specualtion I know for evolution and NS substrate to work on is to imagine code-data-dual algorithms reproducing and partially randomly modifying each other. Formalizations of Turing-complete languages will presumably have common building blocks with the desired OEE models.
f) Assuming simple beginning of time: Searching for relatively simple and ontologically basic OEE models (very loosely described above) seem to be a feasible investigation direction for both OEE research program and answering “Why these structures exist rather than others?” question.
g) Why not “gauge away” “normal” physics theory?: Current physics theories contain mathematical structures that can be constructed via some algorithm hence it's far too early to brute-fact and assume them foundational as a whole (such structures might be evolved in code-data-dual algorithms substrate). On the other hand there is a good chance that some big portion of laws of nature would be necessary for a model to have an OEE propery.
In more deatails this topic was described in this small article, this section of the article (my favorite quote from the “The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy” is right before the appendix) and this outdated article.

4 Universal Darwinism and Buddhism-like illusion of the Self

The ideas above are actually a flavour of the Universal Darwinism. And there are some interesting ethical conclusions that can be derived from Universal Darwinism taken to extremes and called “Buddhian Darwinism” (or “Buddarwinism”/dxb). The conclusions on how to use Universal Darwinism to combat nihilism that often accompanies atheism. Positive meaning of life of the sentient agents in the Universal Darwinism framework is a simple consequence of natural selection postulates being fundamental. But it comes at a cost of Buddhism-like illusion of the Self.
d) Darwin: Cosmogonic myth from Darwinian natural selection is at Buddhian Darwinism core as a setting where everything takes place. The whole universe is a “jungle”, but survives not the strongest but survives the one who survives. And it is often the ones survive who balanced competition (Moloch) and cooperation (Slack) as Scott Alexander called them in “Meditations on Moloch” and “Studies on slack”. Competing for limited resources balanced with cooperating to increase the total amout of resources.
∞) Potential infinity: Quasi-immortality as a meaning of life. Quasi-immortal entities within the framework of natural selection are entities that can potentially exist forever albeit gradually changing. For example individuals with limited lifespan are not quasi-immortal but populations of such individuals are quasi-immortal entities. Religions, ideologies, nations, countries, noble families, corporations can also be such quasi-immortal entities (even populations of clonal digital sentient agents can be quasi-immortal entities). Beware that not all self-sustaining processes are a quasi-immortal entities. Some are suicide spirals whose death can be predicted beforehand.
x) Random: Free will as necessity to maximize survival probability. Sentient agents actively optimize their survival probability via actions. But they are ultimately not sure if such actions would really increase their survival as they have 1) probabilistic predictions, 2) limited prediction window. To workaround this limitation they should be able to spontaneously choose truly random locally non-optimal actions that in reality would lead to survival of subpopulation of sentient agents - fallback to blind and planless natural selection (globally optimal actions). Quasi-immortal entities that are quasi-sentient (like corporations) should also uphold free will in order to maximize survival probability. Here free will is in a sence of physical random number generator incorporated into the Self/agent.
b) Buddha: Buddhism-like illusion of Self: Death is bad but the death of what? The “Self” is not quasi-immortal hence it's preservation cannot be the meaning of life. It's not always useful to worry about its safety. We should worry about the survival of quasi-immortal entities. Sentient agent's meaning of life is to have a goal to maximize survival of some quasi-immortal entity. And we are actually free to choose one or several of many to be our meaning of life. But in most cases we inherit these meanings of life. Preserving the “Self” helps to achieve this goal in most cases. But there are notable and important cases when preserving the “Self” impedes to achieve this goal. Heroic self-sacrifice began to be glorified for a reason.
In more deatails this topic was described in this article.

5 Request to those who are interested in the research topic

I ask those who are interested in this topic and found this article worthy of attention to download an archive with the article and remember it from time to time. For with the recent attack on Russian radar, we have entered a new existential era. I will be especially glad to receive backups from countries where NATO countries and Russia do not have nuclear weapons.
DOWNLOAD ZIP BACKUP: ultimate-question.zip
submitted by kiwi0fruit to Metaphysics [link] [comments]


2024.05.27 17:22 Then_Marionberry_259 MAY 22, 2024 VZLA.V VIZSLA SILVER MAILS MANAGEMENT INFORMATION CIRCULAR IN CONNECTION WITH SPECIAL MEETING TO APPROVE SPINOUT OF VIZSLA ROYALTIES

MAY 22, 2024 VZLA.V VIZSLA SILVER MAILS MANAGEMENT INFORMATION CIRCULAR IN CONNECTION WITH SPECIAL MEETING TO APPROVE SPINOUT OF VIZSLA ROYALTIES
https://preview.redd.it/h2byzne7lz2d1.png?width=3500&format=png&auto=webp&s=5cff2153adfa0d1b27ad94915eb9d16c39f4ea0d
NYSE: VZLA TSX-V: VZLA
VANCOUVER, BC , May 22, 2024 /CNW/ - Vizsla Silver Corp. (TSXV: VZLA) (NYSE: VZLA) ( Frankfurt : 0G3) (" Vizsla Silver " or the " Company ") has filed the management information circular (the " Circular ") and related meeting materials in connection with the special meeting of shareholders (the " Meeting ") to be held on June 17, 2024 at 10:00 a.m. (PST) at 555 Burrard Street, 11th Floor, Suite 1165, Vancouver, British Columbia May 13, 2024 as the record date for determining the shareholders entitled to receive notice and vote at the Meeting.
https://preview.redd.it/1pvlrih7lz2d1.jpg?width=400&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=6316630e965d616597aec07d70501f85928955dc
The purpose of the Meeting is to seek approval of the previously announced spinout by way of a plan of arrangement (the " Arrangement ") between Vizsla Silver and Vizsla Royalties Corp. (" Spinco "), whereby the owners of common shares of Vizsla Silver (each a " Vizsla Silver Share ") are entitled to receive one-third of a common share of Spinco (the " Spinco Shares ") and one-third of a common share purchase warrant of Spinco (the " Spinco Warrants ") for each Vizsla Silver Share held immediately prior to the closing of the Arrangement. Each full Spinco Warrant will entitle the holder thereof to purchase one Spinco Share at an exercise price of $0.05 per share for a period expiring on the earlier of: (i) 120 days after the date the Spinco Shares and Spinco Warrants are listed on the TSX Venture Exchange (the " TSXV "); and (ii) December 31, 2025
The Arrangement will require approval by at least two-thirds (66.6%) of the votes cast by shareholders present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote at the Meeting. Vizsla Silver has obtained an interim order of the Supreme Court of British Columbia (the " Court "). Subject to approval by the Vizsla Silver shareholders, Vizsla Silver will seek a final order from the Court approving the Arrangement. The Company anticipates the Arrangement to close on or about June 24, 2024 , and it is expected that shareholders of record on June 21, 2024 will be entitled to receive spinout shares.
Mailing of the management information circular and related meeting materials has commenced and shareholders should receive them shortly. All of the meeting materials can be downloaded from Vizsla Silver's website at https://vizslasilvercorp.ca and also from the Company's profile on SEDAR+ at www.sedarplus.ca
The deadline for returning proxies for the Meeting is June 15, 2024 at 10:00 a.m. (PST)
This announcement is for informational purposes only and does not constitute a solicitation or a proxy.
Post-Arrangement Matters
Immediately after completion of the Arrangement, shareholders of Vizsla Silver are expected to hold approximately 45% of the issued and outstanding Spinco Shares, while Vizsla Silver will retain the remaining approximately 55%.
Spinco has made an application to list the Spinco Shares and Spinco Warrants on the TSXV. There is no guarantee when, or if, such listings will be completed. Such listings will be subject to Spinco fulfilling all of the listing requirements of the TSXV.
Following closing of the Arrangement, Vizsla Silver and Spinco intend to complete a number of steps, including the following (collectively, the " Post-Closing Steps "): (a) the parties will settle an outstanding loan from Vizsla Silver into Spinco Shares, (b) Vizsla Silver will make an additional $3,500,000 loan to Spinco, (c) Spinco will exercise its buyback right on an underlying royalty on the Panuco Project, after which point the royalty held by Spinco will consist of a 2% net smelter returns royalty on the entire Panuco Project, (d) Spinco will complete a private placement for gross proceeds of at least $3,000,000, and (e) Spinco will complete a consolidation of the Spinco Shares on the basis of one new Spinco Share for every ten old Spinco Shares.
Vizsla Silver and Spinco have entered into a royalty right agreement which provides that, if Vizsla Silver or any of its affiliates acquires any a mineral property within a two-kilometer boundary around the Panuco Project, it must offer Spinco a net smelter returns royalty on such mineral property to Spinco on terms proposed by Vizsla Silver.
The foregoing discussion of the Arrangement and the Post-Closing Steps is intended to provide a general summary only. Shareholders are encouraged to read the Circular in its entirety.
About the Panuco Project
The newly consolidated Panuco silver-gold project is an emerging high-grade discovery located in southern Sinaloa, Mexico , near the city of Mazatlán. The 7,189.5 hectare, past producing district benefits from over 86 kilometres of total vein extent, 35 kilometres of underground mines, roads, power, and permits.
The district contains intermediate to low sulfidation epithermal silver and gold deposits related to siliceous volcanism and crustal extension in the Oligocene and Miocene. Host rocks are mainly continental volcanic rocks correlated to the Tarahumara Formation.
On January 8, 2024 , the Company announced an updated mineral resource estimate for Panuco which includes an estimated in-situ indicated mineral resource of 155.8 Moz AgEq and an in-situ inferred resource of 169.6 Moz AgEq.
About Vizsla Silver
Vizsla Silver is a Canadian mineral exploration and development company headquartered in Vancouver, BC , focused on advancing its flagship, 100%-owned Panuco silver-gold project located in Sinaloa, Mexico Panuco leading to the discovery of several new high-grade veins. For 2024, Vizsla Silver is focused on de-risking the resource base located in the western portion of the district ahead of a development decision. Additionally, Vizsla Silver has budgeted +65,000 metres of resource/discovery-based drilling designed to upgrade and expand the Project's mineral resource, as well as test other high priority targets across the district.
In accordance with NI 43-101, Jesus Velador , Ph.D. MMSA QP, Vice President of Exploration, is the Qualified Person for the Company and has validated and approved the technical and scientific content of this news release.
Website: www.vizslasilvercorp.ca
Neither TSX Venture Exchange nor its Regulation Services Provider (as that term is defined in policies of the TSX Venture Exchange) accepts responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of this release.
NOTE REGARDING FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
The information contained herein contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and "forward-looking information" within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities legislation. "Forward-looking information" includes, but is not limited to, statements with respect to the activities, events or developments that the Company expects or anticipates will or may occur in the future, including, without limitation, planned exploration activities. Generally, but not always, forward-looking information and statements can be identified by the use of words such as "plans", "expects", "is expected", "budget", "scheduled", "estimates", "forecasts", "intends", "anticipates", or "believes" or the negative connotation thereof or variations of such words and phrases or state that certain actions, events or results "may", "could", "would", "might" or "will be taken", "occur" or "be achieved" or the negative connotation thereof. Forward-looking statements in this news release include, among others, statements relating to: timing, structure and completion of the Arrangement; the terms of the Arrangement; the Post-Closing Steps; and exploration, development, and production at Panuco
Forward‐looking statements and forward‐looking information relating to any future mineral production, liquidity, enhanced value and capital markets profile of the Company, future growth potential for the Company and its business, and future exploration plans are based on management's reasonable assumptions, estimates, expectations, analyses and opinions, which are based on management's experience and perception of trends, current conditions and expected developments, and other factors that management believes are relevant and reasonable in the circumstances, but which may prove to be incorrect. Assumptions have been made regarding, among other things, the price of silver, gold, and other metals; no escalation in the severity of public health crises; costs of exploration and development; the estimated costs of development of exploration projects; the Company's ability to operate in a safe and effective manner and its ability to obtain financing on reasonable terms.
These statements reflect the Company's respective current views with respect to future events and are necessarily based upon a number of other assumptions and estimates that, while considered reasonable by management, are inherently subject to significant business, economic, competitive, political and social uncertainties and contingencies. Many factors, both known and unknown, could cause actual results, performance, or achievements to be materially different from the results, performance or achievements that are or may be expressed or implied by such forward‐looking statements or forward-looking information and the Company has made assumptions and estimates based on or related to many of these factors. Such factors include, without limitation: the Company's dependence on one mineral project; precious metals price volatility; risks associated with the conduct of the Company's mining activities in Mexico ; regulatory, consent or permitting delays; risks relating to reliance on the Company's management team and outside contractors; risks regarding mineral resources and reserves; the Company's inability to obtain insurance to cover all risks, on a commercially reasonable basis or at all; currency fluctuations; risks regarding the failure to generate sufficient cash flow from operations; risks relating to project financing and equity issuances; risks and unknowns inherent in all mining projects, including the inaccuracy of reserves and resources, metallurgical recoveries and capital and operating costs of such projects; contests over title to properties, particularly title to undeveloped properties; laws and regulations governing the environment, health and safety; the ability of the communities in which the Company operates to manage and cope with the implications of public health crises; the economic and financial implications of public health crises to the Company; operating or technical difficulties in connection with mining or development activities; employee relations, labour unrest or unavailability; the Company's interactions with surrounding communities and artisanal miners; the Company's ability to successfully integrate acquired assets; the speculative nature of exploration and development, including the risks of diminishing quantities or grades of reserves; stock market volatility; conflicts of interest among certain directors and officers; lack of liquidity for shareholders of the Company; litigation risk; ongoing military conflicts around the world; general economic factors; and the factors identified under the caption "Risk Factors" in the Company's management discussion and analysis and other public disclosure documents.
Although the Company has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking information or implied by forward-looking information, there may be other factors that cause results not to be as anticipated, estimated or intended. There can be no assurance that forward-looking information and statements will prove to be accurate, as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated, estimated or intended. Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements or information. The Company undertakes no obligation to update or reissue forward-looking information as a result of new information or events except as required by applicable securities laws.
View original content to download multimedia: https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/vizsla-silver-mails-management-information-circular-in-connection-with-special-meeting-to-approve-spinout-of-vizsla-royalties-302153460.html
SOURCE Vizsla Silver Corp.

View original content to download multimedia: http://www.newswire.ca/en/releases/archive/May2024/22/c8931.html
https://preview.redd.it/tfuc5ki7lz2d1.png?width=4000&format=png&auto=webp&s=ac1ca4b1f73a4b6914f352b175389d99722856c5
Universal Site Links
VIZSLA SILVER CORP
STOCK METAL DATABASE
ADD TICKER TO THE DATABASE
www.reddit.com/Treaty_Creek
REPORT AN ERROR
submitted by Then_Marionberry_259 to Treaty_Creek [link] [comments]


2024.05.27 07:50 kingoftacos- Constant "6062 - LSO was triggered" events from Intel Wi-Fi 6 AX201

Event 6062 has been flooding my event viewer across multiple systems using the Intel Wi-Fi 6 AX201 160MHz for a good while now, occurring anywhere from three to ten minutes apart (not synchronously, which would've probably otherwise suggested an issue with my router), Netwtw14 in one case and Netwtw10 in the other. I've not noticed any major drops in connection, but my internet has always been on the spottier side so that's somewhat hard to judge. Suffice to say I'm completely stumped as to what the cause of this could be other than possibly faulty hardware, but I've had this PC build (Intel i5, Mag B660m Mortar Wifi) for the better part of two and a half years and a Lenovo IdeaPad with the same wifi driver for maybe three months, and I can't imagine both would've started hiccuping at the exact same time like this.
Has anyone else with the AX201 been having this issue? Most threads on here I've scrounged up are a couple years old now and pretty much just as unsure as to what the deal is or otherwise have proposals that haven't worked for me-- drivers are up to date, power management disabled, the works.
EDIT: After some settings tweaking and monitoring of event viewer, I've managed to isolate this issue to whenever the system is on wireless mode 802.11ac or 802.11ax -- switching to 802.11n has so far stopped giving me these errors. Given that WiFi 4 halves my download speed this is obviously not an ideal solution, but it's at least a temporary one. Unsure if this suggests it being specific to 5GHz connections??
submitted by kingoftacos- to techsupport [link] [comments]


2024.05.27 02:35 healthmedicinet Health Daily News May 25 2024

DAY: May 25 2024
5-25-2024

STUDY SUGGESTS TO BUY EXPERIENCES, NOT THINGS, TO COMBAT LONELINESS

Last year, U.S. Surgeon General Vivek H. Murthy released an advisory that described loneliness and isolation as a national epidemic, with health consequences that rival those associated with cigarette smoking and obesity. To help address this pervasive isolation, Murthy’s office challenged Americans to find and act on ways to strengthen their social connections. New research suggests one effective method: spending money on experiences rather than material goods.
5-25-2024

STRESS BRAGGING MAY MAKE YOU SEEM LESS COMPETENT, LESS LIKABLE AT WORK

While work is occasionally stressful for everyone, some people wear stress as a badge of honor. They’re taking one for the team and want to tell you all about it. New research from the University of Georgia Terry College of Business found people who brag about their stress levels are seen as less competent and less likable by their co-workers. The study is published in the journal Personnel Psychology. “This is a behavior we’ve all seen, and we all might be guilty of at some
5-25-2024

RUBIK SAYS HIS CUBE ‘REMINDS US WHY WE HAVE HANDS’

Success cubed: Hungarian inventor Erno Rubik, the man who created Rubik’s Cube. The naysayers said the maddening multicolored cube that Erno Rubik invented 50 years ago would not survive the 1980s. Yet millennials and Generation Z are as nuts about Rubik’s Cube as their parents were, much to the amusement of its 79-year-old creator, who talked to AFP in a rare interview. In a digital world “we are slowly forgetting that we have hands”, Rubik said. But playing with the cube helps us tap back into something deeply primal about
5-25-2024

HOW MUSIC IN YOUTH DETENTION CAN CREATE NEW FUTURES

Many young people in contact with the justice system come from backgrounds of extreme poverty, parental abuse or neglect, parental incarceration and disrupted education. These complex traumas often manifest as addictions to drugs or alcohol, mental health challenges, poor physical health and well-being, and conduct disorders. How we can effectively respond to offending by these vulnerable young people remains a contentious topic. “Tough on youth crime” approaches are notoriously ineffective: 85% of young people in Australia reoffend within
5-25-2024

CRAMMING FOR AN EXAM ISN’T THE BEST WAY TO LEARN—BUT IF YOU HAVE TO DO IT, HERE’S HOW

Around the country, school and university students are hitting the books in preparation for exams. If you are in this position, you may find yourself trying to memorize information that you first learned a long time ago and have completely forgotten—or that you didn’t actually learn effectively in the first place. Unfortunately, cramming is a very inefficient way to properly learn. But sometimes it’s necessary to pass an exam. And you can incorporate what we know about how learning works into your revision to make it
5-25-2024

WHY AMERICA WON’T PULL THE TRIGGER ON GUN CONTROL

Whether you consider the Second Amendment a dangerous relic or inspiration for a tattoo, the U.S. public as a whole doesn’t consider guns an important issue, except in the immediate wake of a mass shooting. “It’s a little depressing that only 8% of America thinks guns are an important issue,” said Chris Vargo, an associate professor of advertising and information analytics at the University of Colorado Boulder’s College of Media, Communication and Information. “It makes it obvious to me that, with this much disinterest, gun control isn’t going to happen
5-25-2024

HOW TEA MAY HAVE SAVED LIVES IN 18TH CENTURY ENGLAND

Drinking tea can have several health benefits. There is seemingly a brew for everything from sleep to inflammation to digestion. In 18th century England, however, drinking tea may have saved a person’s life, and it likely had very little to do with leaves and herbs. For CU Boulder economics professor Francisca Antman, it’s all about the water. Specifically, boiling the water and eliminating bacteria that could cause illnesses like dysentery, more commonly known during the Industrial Revolution as “bloody flux.” It’s not a new idea—the connection between boiling water for
5-25-2024

IT OFTEN HAPPENS WHEN OTHERS HELP, NOT SELF-ACHIEVED

If you focus on overcoming life’s barriers rather than the blessings that make life easier, you’re not alone. A new University of Michigan study indicated that people aren’t always good at noticing the advantages they enjoy compared to the disadvantages they overcame. However, they are significantly better at noticing others—such as friends, family and mentors—who helped them reach their goals. “There is a social norm that encourages people to acknowledge the help they receive from others,” said Julia Smith, a recent doctoral graduate in psychology from U-M and the study’s
5-25-2024

STUDY FINDS INDIVIDUALS LESS LIKELY TO EVALUATE PEERS NEGATIVELY IF FACING EVALUATION THEMSELVES

New research from ESMT Berlin finds that individuals strategically select the colleagues they evaluate, and the evaluation they give, based on how they want to be perceived. The research was published in the journal Organization Science. Linus Dahlander, professor of strategy and Lufthansa Group Chair of Innovation at ESMT Berlin, alongside colleagues from Purdue University and INSEAD, investigated the impact of peer evaluations on the behaviors of Wikipedia members, for which peer evaluations are transparent. Peers can see the complete evaluation
5-25-2024

CHINA’S TOILET REVOLUTION EXPOSES SOCIAL INEQUALITIES

Urbanization in China tends to be depicted in terms of towering skyscrapers and multilane highways—the city reaching upwards and outwards. Not much thought is given to the vast, but less eye-catching, urban infrastructure that shapes and is shaped by the everyday lives of its citizens—such as toilets and sewers. Until as late as the 2010s, chamber pots were still a common feature of urban life in China. Families shared wooden matong buckets or enamel tanyu, and emptied them at communal disposal sites. The waste thus collected was
5-25-2024

YOUNG PEOPLE FIND COMFORT IN AI-GENERATED RESPONSES

Youth frequently use the internet to seek support from their friends but don’t always get helpful responses. Recent advances in AI technology may be able to help. Young people find support from AI-generated responses on topics ranging from relationships to physical health. When it comes to sensitive topics, such as suicidal thoughts, they prefer human responses, according to a study from the University of Michigan and Drexel University presented recently at the Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems in Hawaii.
5-25-2024

‘FACEBOOK PROBABLY KNOWS I SELL DRUGS’—HOW YOUNG PEOPLE’S DIGITAL FOOTPRINTS CAN THREATEN THEIR FUTURE PROSPECTS

Social media and messaging apps such as Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat and Messenger are increasingly used to buy and sell drugs in many countries. New Zealand is no exception. This trend is particularly popular among young people, who are often involved in trading recreational drugs such as cannabis and MDMA. These deals are generally small scale, which means people believe the risks of getting caught and facing legal action are low. But our new research shows how
5-25-2024

LANGUAGE CHANGE HARMS OUR ABILITY TO COMMUNICATE AND UNDERSTAND, RESEARCHER ARGUES

Changes to the definitions of conceptual words like “woke” and gaslighting are harming our ability to communicate and understand our experiences, a Leeds academic argues. In a new paper published in The Philosophical Quarterly journal, an ethicist at the University of Leeds has coined a term for the harm caused when language change leaves us lost for words. Words such as “woke,” “depression,” “gaslighting” and “emotional labor” have all deviated from their
5-25-2024

STUDY SUGGESTS YOUTUBERS CHEER PEOPLE UP MORE THAN CASUAL FRIENDS

One-sided relationships with YouTubers are more emotionally fulfilling than talking to casual friends, a new study suggests. The University of Essex research discovered people feel watching online stars like Zoella, KSI and PewDiePie can cheer them up more than weak-tie acquaintances—like neighbors or co-workers. Dr. Veronica Lamarche, from the Department of Psychology, also found people feel liked, respected and understood by fictional characters. The study suggests watching online celebrities offers positive reinforcement—despite them not being able to respond. Dr. Lamarche hopes the research—published in Scientific Reports—will shine a light on
5-25-2024

HOW NONSERIOUS PRODUCT REVIEWS AFFECT ONLINE SALES

A new study finds that humorous, exaggerated product reviews can both increase and decrease sales. Credit: Temple University If you have ever done any online shopping, whether it be through Amazon or another retailer, you have likely come across a review that reads something along the lines of, “Can’t say enough how much I LOVE this T-shirt. When I opened the package and put
5-25-2024

CALIFORNIA IS ABOUT TO TAX GUNS MORE LIKE ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO—AND THAT COULD PUT A DENT IN GUN VIOLENCE

California will be the first state to charge an excise tax on guns and ammunition. The new tax—an 11% levy on each sale—will come on top of federal excise taxes of 10% or 11% for firearms and California’s 6% sales tax. The National Rifle Association has characterized California’s Gun Violence Prevention and School Safety Act as an affront to the Constitution. But the reaction from the gun lobby and firearms manufactures may hint at something else: the impact that the measure, which is
5-25-2024

US SCHOOLS ARE NOT RACIALLY INTEGRATED, DESPITE DECADES OF EFFORT, SAYS EDUCATIONAL SOCIOLOGIST

Nearly seven decades after the U.S. Supreme Court’s unanimous landmark Brown v. Board of Education decision in 1954, the court’s declared goal of integrated education is still not yet achieved. American society continues to grow more racially and ethnically diverse. But many of the nation’s public K-12 schools are not well integrated and are instead predominantly attended by students of one race or another. As an educational sociologist, I fear that the nation has effectively decided that it’s simply not worth continuing to pursue the goals of Brown. I also
5-25-2024

YOUNG PEOPLE VOICE CONCERN FOR IMPROVING DISASTER READINESS POLICIES

Nearly half of the young people surveyed on disaster preparedness indicated they felt unprepared for any type of disaster event during a period when catastrophic climate disasters are becoming increasingly frequent, says a University of Michigan researcher. The study, recently published in the journal Traumatology, showcases insights from the University of Michigan’s MyVoice project on how teenagers and young adults approach disaster preparedness. Addressing this vital concern, the study reveals engagement levels and perceptions of readiness among youth facing an era of increasing climate-related disasters. Of those surveyed, 47% disclosed
5-25-2024

EVOLVING MARKET DYNAMICS FOSTER CONSUMER INATTENTION THAT CAN LEAD TO RISKY PURCHASES, SAYS RESEARCHERS

Researchers have developed a new theory of how changing market conditions can lead large numbers of otherwise cautious consumers to buy risky products such as subprime mortgages, cryptocurrency or even cosmetic surgery procedures. These changes can occur in categories of products that are generally low risk when they enter the market. As demand increases, more companies may enter the market and try to attract consumers with lower priced versions of the product that carry more risk.
5-25-2024

GENDER GAPS REMAIN FOR MANY WOMEN SCIENTISTS, STUDY FINDS

As more women have entered the biomedical field, they’re getting a bigger share of research grants, and the gender gap in research funding appears to be narrowing, but the gains have been uneven. That’s because, at U.S. universities, most of those research dollars are going to senior women scientists, and their younger counterparts are missing out on the large grants that can advance science and careers, according to a new study by a University of Oregon researcher and collaborators.
5-25-2024

CALLS FOR GREATER SUPPORT FOR CHILDREN BEREAVED BY DOMESTIC HOMICIDE

Many children of domestic homicide victims experience profound trauma with lifelong impact. Now new research shows there are limited support services available to help them process and navigate their grief. When a parent is murdered by their spouse or intimate partner, the victim’s children are often overlooked. Many suffer long-term consequences with the crime taking a significant toll on their mental and physical health, as well as their ability to learn and form social connections.
5-25-2024

SELF-DETERMINATION AND SOCIAL IDENTITY: MODELING TEAM MOTIVATION

What are the underlying dynamics of group motivation in a team or organization? How does it take shape? And how does it influence a team’s functioning and effectiveness? A recent article in Applied Psychology attempts to answer these questions. Authors Simon Grenier, a professor of psychology at Université de Montréal, Curtin University professor Marylène Gagné, and University of Calgary prof Thomas O’Neill propose a model that combines self-determination theory with social identity, with practical implications for team management. Filling in the gaps After reviewing the literature, Grenier realized that team
5-25-2024

HOW BILLIE HOLIDAY’S PERFORMANCE OF THE ANTI-LYNCHING SONG POLITICIZED BLACK CONSCIOUSNESS

Billie Holiday’s recording of the anti-lynching song “Strange Fruit” has stirred and haunted generations of listeners. A new article in the Journal of African American History, titled “Professional Mourning: Billie Holiday’s ‘Strange Fruit’ and the Remaking of Black Consciousness,” presents a detailed history of the song and argues that Holiday’s rendition, released in the 1930s, brought the Black community together at a moment of unique social and political struggle.
5-25-2024

THINKING ABOUT POLYAMORY? YOU’RE NOT THE ONLY ONE

Polyamory—being open to having more than one romantic partner at the same time, with everyone’s knowledge and consent—is on the rise, particularly among people below the age of 45. Yet at the same time, we’re told that younger people are increasingly turning away from romance and dating. On the face of it, these trends appear contradictory. Does Gen Z want multiple partners or none at all? What is going on? Seen through the right lens, however, they are really two symptoms of the same underlying cause.
5-25-2024

FEMALE JUDGES TEND TO HAND DOWN HARSHER SENTENCES IN CASES INVOLVING SEX OFFENSES, FINDS STUDY

The Cannes Film Festival began a few days ago with nine women accusing the French producer Alain Sarde of raping or sexually assaulting them when they were minors or young actresses. If it reaches the courts, the sentence in this case will depend on the French penal code, but also on factors outside the law, such as the sex of the judges.
5-25-2024

STUDY SUGGESTS LESS CONFORMITY LEADS TO MORE INNOVATION

Sociodiversity—the diversity of human opinions, ideas, and behaviors—is a driving force behind many positive developments. “When different people come together, given they have no bad intentions, new ideas emerge, which can foster innovation and contribute to economic prosperity,” explains Dirk Helbing, who is an external faculty member at the Complexity Science Hub and a professor at ETH Zurich. Therefore, maintaining or even promoting sociodiversity plays a significant role. But how can this be achieved?
5-25-2024

THE CASE FOR ‘MATH-ISH’ THINKING

For everyone whose relationship with mathematics is distant or broken, Jo Boaler, a professor at Stanford Graduate School of Education (GSE), has ideas for repairing it. She particularly wants young people to feel comfortable with numbers from the start—to approach the subject with playfulness and curiosity, not anxiety or dread. “Most people have only ever experienced what I call narrow mathematics—a set of procedures they need to follow, at speed,” Boaler says. “Mathematics should be flexible, conceptual, a place where we play with ideas and make connections. If we open
5-25-2024

RIGID APPROACH TO TEACHING PHONICS IS ‘JOYLESS’ AND IS FAILING CHILDREN IN ENGLAND, EXPERTS WARN

Experts have released robust research to show that phonics should be taught hand-in-hand with reading and writing to encourage true literacy and a love of reading, not through narrow synthetic phonics. There is widespread disagreement globally across academic and educational spheres about the best way to teach children to learn to read and write. Despite a growing international trend towards a narrow approach to synthetic phonics, experts suggest there is a ‘better way’ to teach reading and writing. In England, the system is among the most prescriptive in the world
5-25-2024

STUDY UNCOVERS THE HIDDEN MOTIVE BEHIND US VOTERS’ STANCE ON NONCITIZEN VOTING

The right to vote is a cornerstone of electoral democracy, but a new study suggests that support for this principle often hinges on the perception of who will benefit. The findings shed light on a hotly debated topic of noncitizen voting rights in the United States. On one hand, critics argue that allowing noncitizens to vote in local elections threatens the integrity of national-level elections. On the other, supporters advocate for these rights to uphold democratic representation. The study, published in the American Political Science Review, uncovers a more pragmatic
5-25-2024

A DIASPORA-BASED MODEL OF HUMAN MIGRATION

Vienna model results. A) Heat map of Vienna of the observed arrivals in Austria for the four top diasporas in Austria. B) Heat map of the diaspora model estimates in Vienna. C) Heat map of the gravity model estimates in Vienna. D) Spider plots of the top four diasporas in Austria, where each section is one of Vienna’s 23 districts. The ratio between the modeled and the observed arrivals—the estimate ratio—is displayed for each district for both the gravity model in gray (GER) and the diaspora model in red (DER).
5-25-2024

ILLEGITIMATE INTERRUPTIONS REDUCE PRODUCTIVITY IN THE WORKPLACE, FINDS STUDY

A team of researchers from The University of Queensland has found employees experience more stress at work when interrupted with requests for unnecessary or unreasonable tasks. Associate Professor Stacey Parker from UQ’s School of Psychology led the study that investigated how interruptions during work can have an impact on employees’ stress and performance. “We found that the type of interruption plays an important role in how people react,” Dr. Parker said. “If a person is interrupted with a request to complete a task they perceive as illegitimate, which is pointless
5-25-2024

NEW AI GUIDELINES FOR ARIZONA K-12 EDUCATORS ADVOCATE A BALANCED APPROACH

Generative artificial intelligence has made its way into K-12 classrooms in Arizona and beyond, whether educators like it or not. Luckily, there’s a new guide available for teachers and administrators who want help navigating teaching in the age of AI. Released May 13 by the Arizona Institute for Education and the Economy (AIEE) at Northern Arizona University, “GenAI Guidance for AZ K-12 Schools: A Balanced Perspective” is a free, downloadable document that provides guidance on teaching and learning with GenAI, shares examples of administrator and school system use of GenAI
5-25-2024

GROCERY SHOPPING HABITS PROVE CREDIT WORTHINESS, AIDING THOSE WITHOUT CREDIT HISTORY

Recent advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning, coupled with the evolution of large-scale data storage, access and processing technologies, have fueled interest among financial institutions in new data sources for credit scoring. Examples of these new sources include bill payment histories for phone, utility and streaming services; transaction records from checking, savings and money market accounts; and rent payment histories. The motive is twofold—pursuit of profit, including generating new accounts, and improving social welfare by extending credit access to those who lack traditional credit scores. New research from the
5-25-2024

RACE-BASED POLICE VIOLENCE IMPACTS WEALTH OF BLACK FAMILIES, STUDY FINDS

Financial decision-making for Black individuals can be dealt a major blow by race-based police violence, new research suggests, offering insight into the far-reaching effects of police brutality. The study, titled “Race, Police Violence, and Financial Decision-Making,” examined detailed American data on home ownership and contributions to a pension plan—using statistics broken down by ZIP code—as well as information on fatal police encounters. The analysis suggests police violence negatively influence financial decision-making for Black individuals, even when they are not directly involved in the incidents. “We find that when a member
5-25-2024

DEAF AND HARD-OF-HEARING STUDENTS NEED MORE SUPPORT FROM THEIR UNIVERSITIES: SOUTH AFRICA STUDY

Adjusting to university life tends to be tough no matter who you are. But what happens when deafness makes the usual demands even more difficult? Deaf students or those who are hard of hearing need extra accessibility measures to ensure they’re able to participate in even basic academic activities like lectures and tutorials. Tonny Matjila, who studied the experiences of Deaf and hard-of-hearing students at one large South African university, tells The Conversation Africa what he learned. How many Deaf and hard-of-hearing students are enrolled
5-25-2024

MATH DISCOVERY PROVIDES NEW METHOD TO STUDY CELL ACTIVITY, AGING

New mathematical tools revealing how quickly cell proteins break down are poised to uncover deeper insights into how we age, according to a recently published paper co-authored by a Mississippi State researcher and his colleagues from Harvard Medical School and the University of Cambridge. Galen Collins, assistant professor in MSU’s Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, co-authored the paper published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in April. “We already understand how quickly proteins are made, which can happen in a matter of minutes,”
5-25-2024

EFFORTS TO BOOST SOCIAL MOBILITY MUST MOVE AWAY FROM ESCAPIST ‘HELICOPTER’ POLICIES, EXPERTS WARN

Efforts to boost social mobility must move away from “helicopter” policies designed to encourage some chosen few children to “escape” their communities, a study warns. Government and charity schemes based around giving young people a new life in a different location don’t address the issues which put young people in need, it says. Instead, efforts should be made to enhance good local academic and vocational education options and linked employment opportunities and lifelong learning. The study, by Professor Anna Mountford-Zimdars and Professor Neil Harrison from the University of Exeter and
5-25-2024

DOCTORS ENGAGE THE PUBLIC BY BRINGING A HUMAN SIDE TO SOCIAL MEDIA

A few years ago, doctors flooded social media with photos of themselves in swimsuits, along with the hashtag #medbikini. The reason? A recently published study suggested it was “unprofessional” for women physicians to post photos of themselves in bikinis. Although the study caused a major outcry and was eventually retracted, its key message was nothing new. For decades, doctors have been trained to keep their personal lives separate from their work lives. To maintain their identities as trusted experts wherever they go—even on the beach. Studies have shown that this
5-25-2024

AMERICANS LEAVE LARGE SUMS AT AIRPORT SECURITY CHECKPOINTS—WHAT IT MEANS FOR THE DEBATE OVER GETTING RID OF PENNIES

Should the U.S. get rid of pennies, nickels and dimes? The debate has gone on for years. Many people argue for keeping coins on economic-fairness grounds. Others call for eliminating them because the government loses money minting low-value coins. One way to resolve the debate is to check whether people are still using small-value coins. And there’s an unlikely source of information showing how much people are using pocket change: the Transportation Security Administration, or TSA. Yes, the same people who screen passengers at airport checkpoints can
5-25-2024

BLUE- AND WHITE- COLLAR JOB LABELS AREN’T CUTTING IT ANYMORE, SAYS RESEARCHER

The old way of classifying jobs as blue- or white-collar is no longer relevant in Canada’s modern labor market. Our 21st century economy and workforce are too complex to boil jobs and work categories down to a simple blue- or white-collar contrast. The first use of white collar to describe those in non-manual labor jobs dates back to the 1910s. Blue collar, as a contrasting label for manual workers, was coined a bit later, in the 1920s. But nowadays, our shirt colors do not signal the nature of our jobs,
5-25-2024

HOW MARKETING ASSET ACCOUNTABILITY CAN UNLOCK THE FULL VALUE OF MARKETING BY MEASURING AND REPORTING ITS ASSETS

Researchers investigated the consequences of the financial valuation and external reporting of marketing assets. The study is titled “Consequences of Marketing Asset Accountability—A Natural Experiment” and is authored by Peter Guenther, Miriam Guenther, Bryan A. Lukas, and Christian Homburg. Do you know the financial value of Gatorade’s or of Netflix’s customer base? If your answer is no, you are not alone. Firms provide little external information about the financial value
5-25-2024

TIKTOK LAW THREATENING A BAN IF THE APP ISN’T SOLD RAISES FIRST AMENDMENT CONCERNS

TikTok, the short-video company with Chinese roots, did the most American thing possible on May 7, 2024: It sued the U.S. government, in the person of Attorney General Merrick Garland, in federal court. The suit claims the federal law that took effect on April 24, 2024, banning TikTok unless it sells itself violates the U.S. Constitution. The law names TikTok and its parent company, ByteDance Ltd., specifically. It also applies to other applications and websites reaching more than a million monthly users that allow people to share information and that
5-25-2024

DENTAL ENAMEL STUDY SUGGESTS DIFFERENCES IN NEANDERTHAL AND PALEOLITHIC HUMAN CHILDHOOD STRESS

Neanderthal children (who lived between 400,000 and 40,000 years ago) and modern human children living during the Upper Paleolithic era (between 50,000 and 12,000 years ago) may have faced similar levels of childhood stress but at different developmental stages, according to a study published in Scientific Reports. The authors suggest that these findings could reflect differences in childcare and other behavioral strategies between the two species. Laura
5-25-2024

SHOTSPOTTER IMPROVES DETECTION AND RESPONSE TO GUNFIRE, BUT DOESN’T REDUCE CRIME, RESEARCH FINDS

ShotSpotter gunfire detection technology has delivered as promised in terms of enabling police to quickly detect and respond to gunshots in two American cities, research from Northeastern University finds. But the controversial technology has not translated into public safety gains, according to the research titled, “The Impact of Gunshot Detection Technology on Gun Violence in Kansas City and Chicago:
5-25-2024

LIFE’S BIG MOMENTS CAN IMPACT AN ENTREPRENEUR’S SUCCESS—BUT NOT ALWAYS IN THE WAY YOU’D EXPECT

Entrepreneurs are the lifeblood of any innovative economy. New business creation has been shown to have a significant and positive impact on economic growth, innovation and job creation. But it isn’t easy, and most new businesses fail. When someone starts a business, they usually aren’t doing it alone—their whole family forms part of the journey. All of them can experience the emotional rollercoaster of entrepreneurship. This obviously flows in the other direction as well—founders’ personal lives have their own big ups and downs. Big positive
5-25-2024

NEW STUDY CHALLENGES CONVENTIONAL WISDOM THAT AMERICANS ARE ‘POCKETBOOK VOTERS’

A new study that examined voting in the 2022 United States congressional elections shows that views on abortion were central to shifting votes in the midterm elections. Despite severe inflation and grave concerns about deteriorating economic conditions, economic perceptions did not change votes. The study was conducted by Diana Mutz, Samuel A. Stouffer Professor of Political Science and Communication at the Annenberg School for Communication, and Edward Mansfield, Hum Rosen Professor of Political Science in the School of Arts & Sciences. It is published in the Proceedings of the National
5-25-2024

PRETEENS USE DATING APPS, AND 1 IN 4 ARE SEXUAL MINORITIES: STUDY

Though most online dating apps have a minimum age requirement of 18 years, a new study finds that a small number of 11–12 year-olds use them. Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) preteens are 13 times more likely to report engaging in online dating compared to their heterosexual peers. The research is published in the journal BMC Research Notes. “Lesbian, gay, or bisexual adolescents, including preteens, may have limited romantic partner options in their schools, where they may also face discrimination, bullying, and stigma because of their sexual orientation,” says lead
submitted by healthmedicinet to u/healthmedicinet [link] [comments]


2024.05.27 01:37 AccomplishedSmell531 Need monopoly tunes

Play MONOPOLY GO! with me! Download it here: https://mply.io/N0rlUg https://mply.io/N0rlUg need monopoly tuns I have la boheme, tycoon hustle, and glass harmonica. Add me and propose trade and I'll send u what u put on my post ty
submitted by AccomplishedSmell531 to Monopoly_GO [link] [comments]


2024.05.26 23:49 Mansfisa5 Trades Please

Trades Please
I have all my trades left for the day and would love to make some progress. No 4s or 5s but lots of 2s and 3s for those like me working on second album. Page through, propose any trade you see, and upvote. Thanks!
IGN eddie a
Play MONOPOLY GO! with me! Download it here: https://mply.io/Mw9Cow https://mply.io/Mw9Cow
submitted by Mansfisa5 to Monopoly_GO [link] [comments]


2024.05.26 23:04 kiwi0fruit On Natural selection of the laws of nature, Artificial life, Open-ended evolution of Interacting code-data-dual algorithms, Universal Darwinism and Buddhism-like illusion of the Self

1 Practical introduction 2 Theoretical introduction 3 On Natural selection of the laws of nature, Artificial life, Open-ended evolution of Interacting code-data-dual algorithms 4 Universal Darwinism and Buddhism-like illusion of the Self 5 Request to those who are interested in the research topic

1 Practical introduction

The article contains two parts that try to provide ideas for the following problems:

2 Theoretical introduction

This article gives point of view on several interconnected research directions that stem from a single ancient question: “Why is there something rather than nothing?”. That is obviously answered with “It's just the way it is” and reduced into the proper question: “Why these structures exist rather than others?”. And this one needs answering and cannot be brute-facted away entirely (unless we are OK with something like Last Thursdayism. I'm not OK).
And theory of computation seems to be the field which language is the most suitable to answer this question.

3 On Natural selection of the laws of nature, Artificial life, Open-ended evolution of Interacting code-data-dual algorithms

a) “Why these structures exist rather than others?”: So this is not just about finding out how the universe works. It's about creating a mathematical framework of questions and answers suitable to find out why the universe is structured this way and not otherwise. Great part of Laws of nature are also (mathematical) structures that require explanation and history.
b) History from natural selection: For this purpose, the best available general-purpose explanation of emegrence of novel and stable complexity is proposed to be used: natural selection (NS) and evolution (which replaced the primordial general intelligence that was previously used by scholars for such explanations). Sraightforward natural selection with postulates: individuals and/are environment, selection/death, reproduction/doubling, heredity, variation/random (true random as in theoretical Bernoulli coin toss). And NS starts from some initial state (to avoid infinite regress).
c) Adding Open-ended evolution property: The idea is to search the mathematical framework in the form of a family of the simplest models capable of Open-ended evolution (OEE) and natural selection. That is, mathematical model/simulation of artificial life with OEE is one in which natural selection and evolution do not stop, but are able to continue until the emergence of intelligent life (theoretically). In some sense, such a family would be similar to the family of Turing-complete languages as in the formalized algorithms concept (only with OEE property instead of Turing completeness). History of emergence via natuaral selection is the answer to “Why these structures exist rather than others?” question (most part of the question).
d) “Gauging away” what is left by equivalence class: There is not a guarantee, but a hope that the equivalence class of all math models with OEE property will be the answer to the question why this particular model is used to answer the remaining part of the “Why these structures exist rather than others?” question: “It's just the way it is”. This is observed and brute-facted, not explained. In this specualtion we hope that all suitable OEE models are equivalent in their key behavior and key probabilities (whatever that means is to be defined) and their differences can be “gauged away”. If not, then this line of thought is screwed and we need to rewise.
e) Code-data-dual algorithms substrate for natural selection: As we are trying to historically explain as much as possible then we expect OEE model to be relatively simple (“as simple as possible, but not simpler”) with even space dimensions and a big part of the laws of nature being emergent (formed via natural selection for a very long time like in Cosmological natural selection). The best specualtion I know for evolution and NS substrate to work on is to imagine code-data-dual algorithms reproducing and partially randomly modifying each other. Formalizations of Turing-complete languages will presumably have common building blocks with the desired OEE models.
f) Assuming simple beginning of time: Searching for relatively simple and ontologically basic OEE models (very loosely described above) seem to be a feasible investigation direction for both OEE research program and answering “Why these structures exist rather than others?” question.
g) Why not “gauge away” “normal” physics theory?: Current physics theories contain mathematical structures that can be constructed via some algorithm hence it's far too early to brute-fact and assume them foundational as a whole (such structures might be evolved in code-data-dual algorithms substrate). On the other hand there is a good chance that some big portion of laws of nature would be necessary for a model to have an OEE propery.
In more deatails this topic was described in this small article, this section of the article (my favorite quote from the “The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy” is right before the appendix) and this outdated article.

4 Universal Darwinism and Buddhism-like illusion of the Self

The ideas above are actually a flavour of the Universal Darwinism. And there are some interesting ethical conclusions that can be derived from Universal Darwinism taken to extremes and called “Buddhian Darwinism” (or “Buddarwinism”/dxb). The conclusions on how to use Universal Darwinism to combat nihilism that often accompanies atheism. Positive meaning of life of the sentient agents in the Universal Darwinism framework is a simple consequence of natural selection postulates being fundamental. But it comes at a cost of Buddhism-like illusion of the Self.
d) Darwin: Cosmogonic myth from Darwinian natural selection is at Buddhian Darwinism core as a setting where everything takes place. The whole universe is a “jungle”, but survives not the strongest but survives the one who survives. And it is often the ones survive who balanced competition (Moloch) and cooperation (Slack) as Scott Alexander called them in “Meditations on Moloch” and “Studies on slack”. Competing for limited resources balanced with cooperating to increase the total amout of resources.
∞) Potential infinity: Quasi-immortality as a meaning of life. Quasi-immortal entities within the framework of natural selection are entities that can potentially exist forever albeit gradually changing. For example individuals with limited lifespan are not quasi-immortal but populations of such individuals are quasi-immortal entities. Religions, ideologies, nations, countries, noble families, corporations can also be such quasi-immortal entities (even populations of clonal digital sentient agents can be quasi-immortal entities). Beware that not all self-sustaining processes are a quasi-immortal entities. Some are suicide spirals whose death can be predicted beforehand.
x) Random: Free will as necessity to maximize survival probability. Sentient agents actively optimize their survival probability via actions. But they are ultimately not sure if such actions would really increase their survival as they have 1) probabilistic predictions, 2) limited prediction window. To workaround this limitation they should be able to spontaneously choose truly random locally non-optimal actions that in reality would lead to survival of subpopulation of sentient agents - fallback to blind and planless natural selection (globally optimal actions). Quasi-immortal entities that are quasi-sentient (like corporations) should also uphold free will in order to maximize survival probability. Here free will is in a sence of physical random number generator incorporated into the Self/agent.
b) Buddha: Buddhism-like illusion of Self: Death is bad but the death of what? The “Self” is not quasi-immortal hence it's preservation cannot be the meaning of life. It's not always useful to worry about its safety. We should worry about the survival of quasi-immortal entities. Sentient agent's meaning of life is to have a goal to maximize survival of some quasi-immortal entity. And we are actually free to choose one or several of many to be our meaning of life. But in most cases we inherit these meanings of life. Preserving the “Self” helps to achieve this goal in most cases. But there are notable and important cases when preserving the “Self” impedes to achieve this goal. Heroic self-sacrifice began to be glorified for a reason.
In more deatails this topic was described in this article.

5 Request to those who are interested in the research topic

I ask those who are interested in this topic and found this article worthy of attention to download an archive with the article and remember it from time to time. For with the recent attack on Russian radar, we have entered a new existential era. I will be especially glad to receive backups from countries where NATO countries and Russia do not have nuclear weapons.
DOWNLOAD ZIP BACKUP: ultimate-question.zip
submitted by kiwi0fruit to DigitalPhilosophy [link] [comments]


2024.05.26 23:02 kiwi0fruit On Natural selection of the laws of nature, Artificial life, Open-ended evolution of Interacting code-data-dual algorithms, Universal Darwinism and Buddhism-like illusion of the Self

1 Practical introduction 2 Theoretical introduction 3 On Natural selection of the laws of nature, Artificial life, Open-ended evolution of Interacting code-data-dual algorithms 4 Universal Darwinism and Buddhism-like illusion of the Self 5 Request to those who are interested in the research topic

1 Practical introduction

The article contains two parts that try to provide ideas for the following problems:

2 Theoretical introduction

This article gives point of view on several interconnected research directions that stem from a single ancient question: “Why is there something rather than nothing?”. That is obviously answered with “It's just the way it is” and reduced into the proper question: “Why these structures exist rather than others?”. And this one needs answering and cannot be brute-facted away entirely (unless we are OK with something like Last Thursdayism. I'm not OK).
And theory of computation seems to be the field which language is the most suitable to answer this question.

3 On Natural selection of the laws of nature, Artificial life, Open-ended evolution of Interacting code-data-dual algorithms

a) “Why these structures exist rather than others?”: So this is not just about finding out how the universe works. It's about creating a mathematical framework of questions and answers suitable to find out why the universe is structured this way and not otherwise. Great part of Laws of nature are also (mathematical) structures that require explanation and history.
b) History from natural selection: For this purpose, the best available general-purpose explanation of emegrence of novel and stable complexity is proposed to be used: natural selection (NS) and evolution (which replaced the primordial general intelligence that was previously used by scholars for such explanations). Sraightforward natural selection with postulates: individuals and/are environment, selection/death, reproduction/doubling, heredity, variation/random (true random as in theoretical Bernoulli coin toss). And NS starts from some initial state (to avoid infinite regress).
c) Adding Open-ended evolution property: The idea is to search the mathematical framework in the form of a family of the simplest models capable of Open-ended evolution (OEE) and natural selection. That is, mathematical model/simulation of artificial life with OEE is one in which natural selection and evolution do not stop, but are able to continue until the emergence of intelligent life (theoretically). In some sense, such a family would be similar to the family of Turing-complete languages as in the formalized algorithms concept (only with OEE property instead of Turing completeness). History of emergence via natuaral selection is the answer to “Why these structures exist rather than others?” question (most part of the question).
d) “Gauging away” what is left by equivalence class: There is not a guarantee, but a hope that the equivalence class of all math models with OEE property will be the answer to the question why this particular model is used to answer the remaining part of the “Why these structures exist rather than others?” question: “It's just the way it is”. This is observed and brute-facted, not explained. In this specualtion we hope that all suitable OEE models are equivalent in their key behavior and key probabilities (whatever that means is to be defined) and their differences can be “gauged away”. If not, then this line of thought is screwed and we need to rewise.
e) Code-data-dual algorithms substrate for natural selection: As we are trying to historically explain as much as possible then we expect OEE model to be relatively simple (“as simple as possible, but not simpler”) with even space dimensions and a big part of the laws of nature being emergent (formed via natural selection for a very long time like in Cosmological natural selection). The best specualtion I know for evolution and NS substrate to work on is to imagine code-data-dual algorithms reproducing and partially randomly modifying each other. Formalizations of Turing-complete languages will presumably have common building blocks with the desired OEE models.
f) Assuming simple beginning of time: Searching for relatively simple and ontologically basic OEE models (very loosely described above) seem to be a feasible investigation direction for both OEE research program and answering “Why these structures exist rather than others?” question.
g) Why not “gauge away” “normal” physics theory?: Current physics theories contain mathematical structures that can be constructed via some algorithm hence it's far too early to brute-fact and assume them foundational as a whole (such structures might be evolved in code-data-dual algorithms substrate). On the other hand there is a good chance that some big portion of laws of nature would be necessary for a model to have an OEE propery.
In more deatails this topic was described in this small article, this section of the article (my favorite quote from the “The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy” is right before the appendix) and this outdated article.

4 Universal Darwinism and Buddhism-like illusion of the Self

The ideas above are actually a flavour of the Universal Darwinism. And there are some interesting ethical conclusions that can be derived from Universal Darwinism taken to extremes and called “Buddhian Darwinism” (or “Buddarwinism”/dxb). The conclusions on how to use Universal Darwinism to combat nihilism that often accompanies atheism. Positive meaning of life of the sentient agents in the Universal Darwinism framework is a simple consequence of natural selection postulates being fundamental. But it comes at a cost of Buddhism-like illusion of the Self.
d) Darwin: Cosmogonic myth from Darwinian natural selection is at Buddhian Darwinism core as a setting where everything takes place. The whole universe is a “jungle”, but survives not the strongest but survives the one who survives. And it is often the ones survive who balanced competition (Moloch) and cooperation (Slack) as Scott Alexander called them in “Meditations on Moloch” and “Studies on slack”. Competing for limited resources balanced with cooperating to increase the total amout of resources.
∞) Potential infinity: Quasi-immortality as a meaning of life. Quasi-immortal entities within the framework of natural selection are entities that can potentially exist forever albeit gradually changing. For example individuals with limited lifespan are not quasi-immortal but populations of such individuals are quasi-immortal entities. Religions, ideologies, nations, countries, noble families, corporations can also be such quasi-immortal entities (even populations of clonal digital sentient agents can be quasi-immortal entities). Beware that not all self-sustaining processes are a quasi-immortal entities. Some are suicide spirals whose death can be predicted beforehand.
x) Random: Free will as necessity to maximize survival probability. Sentient agents actively optimize their survival probability via actions. But they are ultimately not sure if such actions would really increase their survival as they have 1) probabilistic predictions, 2) limited prediction window. To workaround this limitation they should be able to spontaneously choose truly random locally non-optimal actions that in reality would lead to survival of subpopulation of sentient agents - fallback to blind and planless natural selection (globally optimal actions). Quasi-immortal entities that are quasi-sentient (like corporations) should also uphold free will in order to maximize survival probability. Here free will is in a sence of physical random number generator incorporated into the Self/agent.
b) Buddha: Buddhism-like illusion of Self: Death is bad but the death of what? The “Self” is not quasi-immortal hence it's preservation cannot be the meaning of life. It's not always useful to worry about its safety. We should worry about the survival of quasi-immortal entities. Sentient agent's meaning of life is to have a goal to maximize survival of some quasi-immortal entity. And we are actually free to choose one or several of many to be our meaning of life. But in most cases we inherit these meanings of life. Preserving the “Self” helps to achieve this goal in most cases. But there are notable and important cases when preserving the “Self” impedes to achieve this goal. Heroic self-sacrifice began to be glorified for a reason.
In more deatails this topic was described in this article.

5 Request to those who are interested in the research topic

I ask those who are interested in this topic and found this article worthy of attention to download an archive with the article and remember it from time to time. For with the recent attack on Russian radar, we have entered a new existential era. I will be especially glad to receive backups from countries where NATO countries and Russia do not have nuclear weapons.
DOWNLOAD ZIP BACKUP: ultimate-question.zip
submitted by kiwi0fruit to compsci [link] [comments]


2024.05.26 16:42 According_Ad_6191 [offer] Your all-in-one Virtual Assistant!

Are you in search of a personal virtual assistant possessing exceptional verbal, organizational, and time management abilities? Or perhaps you're seeking someone to tackle a specific, one-time task?
Allow me to introduce myself: I'm G, a 21-year-old undergraduate student. Over the past years, I've ventured into the world of freelancing and primarily collaborated with clients based in the United States.
I offer my services at a rate of $5 per hour, and I'm comfortable with receiving payments through BTC or PayPal.
I'm here to offer a diverse range of services designed to make your life easier. Let me handle tasks such as:
With my skills and dedication, I'm here to transform your workload into a breeze. Let's bring your ideas to life! Please do not hesitate to reach out to me through Reddit Chat and I will try my best to get back to you as soon as possible.
I look forward to working fruitfully with you!
submitted by According_Ad_6191 to CreatorServices [link] [comments]


2024.05.26 16:41 According_Ad_6191 [offer] Your all-in-one Virtual Assistant!

Are you in search of a personal virtual assistant possessing exceptional verbal, organizational, and time management abilities? Or perhaps you're seeking someone to tackle a specific, one-time task?
Allow me to introduce myself: I'm G, a 21-year-old undergraduate student. Over the past years, I've ventured into the world of freelancing and primarily collaborated with clients based in the United States.
I offer my services at a rate of $5 per hour, and I'm comfortable with receiving payments through BTC or PayPal.
I'm here to offer a diverse range of services designed to make your life easier. Let me handle tasks such as:
With my skills and dedication, I'm here to transform your workload into a breeze. Let's bring your ideas to life! Please do not hesitate to reach out to me through Reddit Chat and I will try my best to get back to you as soon as possible.
I look forward to working fruitfully with you!
submitted by According_Ad_6191 to DoneDirtCheap [link] [comments]


2024.05.26 16:41 According_Ad_6191 [for hire] Your all-in-one Virtual Assistant!

Are you in search of a personal virtual assistant possessing exceptional verbal, organizational, and time management abilities? Or perhaps you're seeking someone to tackle a specific, one-time task?
Allow me to introduce myself: I'm G, a 21-year-old undergraduate student. Over the past years, I've ventured into the world of freelancing and primarily collaborated with clients based in the United States.
I offer my services at a rate of $5 per hour, and I'm comfortable with receiving payments through BTC or PayPal.
I'm here to offer a diverse range of services designed to make your life easier. Let me handle tasks such as:
With my skills and dedication, I'm here to transform your workload into a breeze. Let's bring your ideas to life! Please do not hesitate to reach out to me through Reddit Chat and I will try my best to get back to you as soon as possible.
I look forward to working fruitfully with you!
submitted by According_Ad_6191 to forhire2 [link] [comments]


http://activeproperty.pl/