Edit: Updated for Early 2023
Hello, i'm a huge fan of RuneScape and i've been playing since 2006 and Private Servers since 2010.
I have so many good memories and I usually enjoy reliving them. I look for servers that aim to recreate the RuneScape 1 and 2 eras with most of the available content like quests, skills and minigames. I managed to find some great ones, I would like to share with the community.
- XP rate less than 8x (1x is preferred) - No custom content (Vanilla/Original experience) - No OP P2W features
*RuneScape 1 (Classic) 2001-2003: OpenRSC (2001Scape & Preservation)
*RuneScape 2 2004: Lost City \Not Released** 2005: Scape05 2006: RuneRebels 2007: VidyaScape
*RuneScape 2 HD 2008: N/A 2009: 2009Scape 2010: N/A 2011: 2011Scape (Pre-Alpha) 2012: Darkan
Honourable Mention: GeneralReposti’s 2011 Remake (Project Paused/Quited)
I currently play some of them (ie. 2009Scape and Darkan), I really enjoy them. I'm looking for new eras of the game to experience as well. 2010 for example was certainly a landmark year for me and I can't find any vanilla remake servers; Nowadays most RSPS have a lot of custom content (as if it wasn't enough that OSRS did that and ruined the original experience), and many others are just looking for your money with nonsense content and p2w features. I know it's been 1 decade since RuneScape 2 ended... but it's a very defining game in history and I'm sure many would like to experience its different years and eras!

Im looking for a pre-eoc/2011 RSPS with all working quests, bosses from that era and OSRS if possible, no OP teleports, 1-5 times the XP and just generally the nostalgic feel of the game. PKING aspect doesnt matter as im not into it.
I wanna relive the glory days of Runescape.

Guys I played runescape around 2009 to 2011. Any RSPS with those graphics would be gr8 pls... An example of what I'm looking for: https://youtu.be/B-KhGmMV2p0

Hello, I am starting development of a 2011-era 718 RSPS, and I'm trying to finalize the server. Because of this, I am looking for all potential exploits, bugs, dupes, etc that malicious players might attempt to use before releasing, so I can fix them. If someone could PM me with any information they might have, I would appreciate it. I don't need instructions on how to remove them (I am fluent in this server's language), just need details regarding the execution of these exploits/glitches.
​
FYI the source is matrix-based, loading a 720+ cache. Thank you for all responses!

Couple of months there was an podcast by Edward Luttwak, a political scientist with War on the Rocks. According to him, China suffers from Great Power Disease. T

What I said is that all great powers are much less aware of the outside world than small powers. Simply because there’s so much going on inside them. They only have so many decision-makers. In the end you have executives, one or two, United States has one, in some other countries it’s two or three. They only have one set of ears and eyes and tongue. And if they’re getting a lot of input from inside the country their ability to focus on outside is less. Now in the Chinese case, first of all it’s the biggest country in terms of population.

The argument forms the first part of his book the Rise of China: The Logic of Strategy written in 2012. The book is divided into three sections which can be summarized as 1) Chinese Great Power Autism (shortcomings in how China perceives the world) 2) Logic of Strategy and Reaction to China's Rise 3) How various states would react to China's rise. In this discussion I will concentrate on summarizing and commenting on the first two sections Chinese Great Power Autism and Logic of Strategy and Reacion to China's Rise.
Some Western Sinoolgist view that an equilibrium will emerge in Asia where countries will just accept a Chinese regional order doesn't take into account the intellectual, cultural, economic and demographic shifts that have occurred in the Asia and world over the last 500 years. Luttwak believes countries' will react to China's rise, and there will be a reaction from China, and strategic competition spirals into a OODA Loop,
LUTTWAK'S WORKS
Edward Luttwak is a controversial figure.. He is know for advocating the bombing of North Korea and for prolonging From an academic standpoint his most controversial work was written over 40 years ago, titled The Grand Strategy of the Roman Empire: From the First Century CE to the Third. While many historians of the Rome Empire now say the work is outdated and accuses Luttwak of applying a 19th century view of strategy to antiquity; however, some disagree and believe Luttwak raises an important point to what extent did the Romans had a strategy. In my opinion it ot boils down to how you define strategy. Is strategy just a plan, or more broadly as plan, pattern, ploy, position and perspective. When Luttwak wrote the Grand Strategy of the Roman Empire he did it for a PhD for International Relations, and it was immediately controversial. He raised some important questions in a subject that has been discussed and researched for over a millenia. He followed in 2000 with another work titled Grand Strategy of the Byzantine Empire. I would say this second book is far superior to his The Grand Strategy of the Roman Empire. These two books help forms the framework of how he looks at China and strategy.'
The second of Edward Luttwak's works that is important for this discussion is Strategy: The Logic of War and Peace. In this review, the reviewer says that

For example, common sense might dictate that the best way to defend a country is by ranging forces along its borders, thereby preventing an enemy from ravaging the lands which lie beyond. In point of fact, however, defense in depth, allowing an enemy to penetrate unprotected settled areas, may prove the best way of defeating him by sudden counterattack; deliberately to make oneself vulnerable is thus to make oneself strong.

The reason for this is

The central cause of this paradoxical logic—and I have not done justice to the imaginative and wide range of historical examples Luttwak invokes to illustrate it—is the fact that in war one deals with an opponent who reacts. War is most emphatically not like building a bridge over a treacherous river. Dangerous as that latter enterprise might be, a river does not consciously devise novel means to wash away abutments, drown construction workers, and generally thwart the engineer.

In his book Rise of China and the Logic of Strategy and this discussion he merges the framework used in Grand Strategy of the Roman Empire with the central idea from Strategy: The Logic of War and Peace, which he says

No matter at what level, from a knife fight in an alley to the multidimensional and multilateral engagements of grand strategy in peacetime, the logic is the always the same: action -- in the case of growth of power, evokes reaction, which need not stop the action but which does prohibit its simple, linear progress.
In this case, because of the mounting opposition it if evoking. China's continued and rapid growth in economic capacity and military strength and regional and global influence cannot simply persist. If Chinese leaders ignore the warning signs and forge ahead, the paradoxical logic will ensure that instead of accumulating more power, they will remain with less was resistance mounts.

Many China hands have criticized the book on what Luttwak gets wrong about today's China and its history. Luttwak makes it clear from the beginning that his main aim of writing the books is to find out whether or not China has a "Strategy". He says no.
Secondly, unlike most authors on China and the US, he devotes the last and third part of the book how China's neighbors have responded to her rise. While many of his predictions are outdated, the most important aspect is he doesn't place US at the center of the rivalry. As in the Cold War, in a great power struggle, it is countries at the periphery that are important..In the podcast and in the book, he talks about how Australia and Japan were talking about containing China early than the Americans.

Australia, which was the first country to do a lot of theory about China, 2008 with the white paper, sorry, 2009. Very quickly they said we’ve got to contain them, then the Japanese get on board only 2012, Americans really only after Obama left. Maritime powers confronting a land power don’t just build ships to face this navy this land power sends out to sea.

This explains why Japan and Australia banned Huawei, they had concerns about China long before the US had. The US can exploit the country's fear of China, but can't create fear where it doesn't exist before.

APPROACH

This is going to be a very long post, and will be the first post in 4 post I am still working on the other post, but they will be titled as follows

• JAW-JAW: CHINA’S GREAT POWER DISEASE (EDWARD LUTTWAK)
• HOW CHINESE COGNITIVE BIASES AND PARADOXES IMPACT ITS EXTERNAL RELATIONS
• CHINA'S CURRENT GEOPOLITICAL SITUATION VIA SONG DYNASTY 960-1279 AND JAPAN INTERWAR YEARS 1919-1942

The second post will to add additional cognitive biases that impact China's strategic decision making which Luttwark doesn't mention, and elaborate on how they impact's China external relations.. The last post will talk about China's current geopolitical situation VIA SONG DYNASTY 960-1279 AND JAPAN INTERWAR YEARS 1919-1945. Why do I pick these two events? These two events are the only two events in Asian geopolitics that truly global or pan-Asian impact that occur within a short period. While European colonization impacted Asia significantly it occurred over a 500 year period. Secondly, the Song Dynasty's conflict with the Mongol fell within a time period that ethnic Han Dynasty formally recognized another kingdom as equal (Liao), and later on subservient (Jin). There are many parallels with the Song Dynasty interactions with the three barbarians people (Khitan, Jurchen and Mongols) and current day China and the US.
If anyone wants to learn more about these events here is a good channel on Grand Strategy called Strategy Stuff. When Caspian Report needs someone to explain a historical event they go Strategy Stuff. Here are links to relevant videos.

• Chinese Strategy Against the Northern Steppe c.600BC-90AD
• The Mongol Conquest of Song China, 1230s-1279
• Grand Strategy of Japan 1919-1941

I would say of all the geopolitics youtube channels, this is the one channel that is the closest to geopolitics as it was originally defined. Many other channels like Caspian Report are more IR. The only problem is the author;s focus is largely historical.
The recommended reading list on the channel includes some books usually found on a typical IR list, but many others that aren't. The Rise of China: Logic of Strategy and Luttwak book Coup D'Etat is also included. To be honest, when people talk about geopolitics, this is what should pop up most in people's minds.

SUMMARY

The podcast is really the first couple of chapters of Luttwak's book, so what I will do is summarize important sections of his book that the podcast didn't cover. After each chapter I provide my opinion on the chapter. In his podcast, he talks about technology and spying, I will leave those out, because they aren't covered in the book. Secondly, to spare you from having to read the book, I have listed some articles and videos of Luttwak talking about the book and how its applies to Asian geopolitics.
LUTTWAK VIDEOS AND ARTICLES ABOUT RISE OF CHINA: LOGIC OF STRATEGY
The Rise of China vs. the Logic of Strategy with Edward Luttwak a Q&A video with Luttwak
US military historian Edward Luttwak advices India to cultivate friendly ties with neighbours
Detailed Review of Rise of China: Logic of Strategy
Edward Luttwak: Global Cold War Strategy. This was originally published in Japanese, but has reprinted in English. Its a a 4 part interview.
What Edward Luttwak spends 50% of his book talking about is talk about biases and shortcomings of Chinese strategic thinking / culture. He has done similar works for the Russians and the US. Throughout the book Rise of China: Logic of Strategy he points which biases are universal or common to big countries like the US and China, and others which are unique to China.
GREAT STATE AUTISM
Luttwak like all big countries including the US and India, suffers from big state autism. Leaders are often preoccupied domestic concerns to focus on foreign relations. However, Luttwak argues that chinese great state autism is particular bad for several reasons.

1. Strong Held Image of their relations with outside world. Her traditional centrality, and defensive posture
2. There is a emphasis on diplomatic ceremony among the Chinese leadership. I would say the CPC is very good at using protocol to put you in your place, but I wouldn't call them experts at protocol, that would belong to monarchies like the Japanese and Thais.
3. [BOOK] Don't have ideological or democratic legitimacy. That is why they react harshly to even the smallest disturbance.
4. [BOOK] Mirror imaging. Think others think like you would be in that position. Because of their preoccupation with internal affairs, they take the shortcut. In reality it is very difficult to put oneself in another man’s shoes, and it is more difficult the more different that other man is. Leaders with political skills like to believe they are ‘people persons’ and understand people in general, and combined with a characteristic overconfidence in their own abilities, they are are greatly tempted to underestimate real differences and to overestimate their actual ability to handle relations with foreigners. NOT UNIQUE TO CHINA

2008/2009 MARKED A CHANGE IN THE PEACEFUL RISE OF CHINA TO A MORE AGGRESSIVE STANCE
Luttwak believes there was a change in China's Peaceful Rise strategy after the Financial Crisis. The incident marking the change was the seizing of Scarborough Shoal in 2012, and Luttwak faults the Obama administration for not reacting forcibly enough. However, he doesn't fault the Obama administration entirely because since the death of Mao Zedong, the optimist were right about China, things were getting better both externally and internally. Even now things are getting better.

From the time Mao died, September 1976, I happened to be in Beijing, and I happened to be invited to the Great Hall of the People and actually saw the body of Mao. There’s a photograph of me standing over the body of Mao with a gang of four around me, which was a strange thing to me. From that moment on, from the time Mao died, only the optimists were right. Only the doves were right. All the people who said that the Chinese would collapse were wrong, the people who said the Chinese were going to be aggressive were wrong, the people who were alarmed about Taiwan were wrong, and the only correct interpretation was the Susan Rice interpretation.
Then, in 2004 this benign view of China is confirmed by the Chinese themselves through the publication of the peaceful rise speech, an article which was backed up. So by late 2004 the only people who have a negative view of China are people who have ignored all the real things that have happened. There’s a steady improvement in everything. And by the way, some of these improvements continue to this day.

NOTE: For people in trade and investment, they noticed a shift in 2006/2007, when the Chinese started dragging their feet regarding WTO commitments. I think that could be as a precursor. However, that being said, if one looks at ideological debates in CPC, you could seen ideological strains of the current leadership dating back to the mid 1990s ranging from such things as handling minorities etc.
A popular counter argument is Obama started it with the ASIA PIVOT. This is Luttwak opinion, and he talked to Mainland Chinese officials and analyst to reach his conclusion.
READ HISTORY
Luttwak concludes by saying people shouldn't spend a lot of time reading any contemporary books on China, but read their history.
NOTE: I agree with this. If you want to understand China-Japanese relations read the history of China-Japanese relations. Its so simple, but few people actually do it, outside of specialist. The reasons for this is Chinese foreign relations community and area experts are dominated by historians, that stems from the Imperial tradition of having court historians, but also because other social scientist like political science are more ideological.
My view on this is many commentators on China focus on histories of conflict between Chinese states to gain insight into Chinese strategic thinking. First, the reason for this is paucity of records involving many of China's neighbors, particularly the Steppe nomads. Secondly, is how history is taught in the Chinese speaking world is how history was taught in the West 100 years ago, there was a lot more emphasis on Classical history (Greco-Roman History) than there is now. Secondly, A good example is few Chinese know about Sino-Burmese War in the 18th century or the Sino-French War in 19th century, but many Chinese could talk about every battle of the Three Kingdoms period is.
PREMATURE ASSERTIVENESS [BOOK]
Luttwak mentions several non-exclusive theories as to origin of China’s premature assertiveness.

1. China’s rulers have been made unhinged by their sudden rise of fortune
2. China’s multitude of uncoordinated and effectively independent governmental institutions, ‘go rogue’ and pursue their own agendas at the expense of the national interest.
3. As above, since 2008, China’s leaders believe that threats and provocations aren’t as offensive as they really are, and are instead beneficial in that they induce others to negotiate over long festering and unresolved disputes in a conciliatory manner.

The third explanation is most accurate and contradicts in practice the officially promulgated Chinese policy of ‘Peaceful Development’ (Zhongguo heping fazhan) or ‘Peaceful Rise’ (Zhongguo heping jueqi). But the second explanation has some truth to it as well, and it in a desperate and simultaneously untrusted attempt to get the thousand, Dr. Strangelove-esque minds-of-their-own-tentacles of the Chinese government apparatus on board, senior officials have occasionally had to issue memoranda reminding people that they are supposed to be committed to an accommodative and unaggressive policy.
HISTORICAL RESIDUES IN CHINA'S CONDUCT [BOOK]
Luttwak describes the Historical Residues in China's Conduct as follows

1. A Hierarchical System with China at the top and center vs Formal Equality Culminated in the Peace of Westphalia 1648. The Chinese name for this notion – which emerged under the Western Han dynasty (206-9 BC) – is Tianxia (all under heaven)
2. Barbarian Handling which has three components a) Induced economic dependence; one might even say, ‘addiction’ or ‘corruption’ b) Indoctrination into the Confucian value system and the behavioral norms of the Han c) The effect is to make the barbarians “… psychologically as well as economically dependent on the imperial radiance.”
3. Three legacies of Tributary System in Chinese Diplomacy according to Luttwak a) Focus of Pomp and Ceremony of Even Head of State / Officials of Minor Countries. To show the power b) Reward visitors with memorable gifts to ensure visitors are eager to visit again c) Positive coverage of visits by leaders of African countries by the official Chinese media d) Bilateralism. Luttwak provides the example of China's dealing with ASEAN over the South China Seas. Of course in this instance bilateralism favors China, but Luttwak says it is also rooted in Chinese diplomatic culture. I think the reason why China does this is to win support in the UN General Assembly

Luttwak says many would think his portrayal of China's foreign affairs being influenced by Tianxia is illegitimate and smacks of Orientalism, Luttwak illustrates this by describing a workshop hosted by the Confucius Institute with Stanford in 2011 "A Tianxia Workshop: Culture, International Relations and World History. Rethinking Chinese Perceptions of the World Order"

The practical value of the traditional Chinese vision of world order, or tianxia … [is that] … this vision anchors a universal authority in the moral, ritualistic, and aesthetic framework of a secular high culture, while providing social and moral criteria for assessing fair, humanitarian governance and proper social relations. Varied discourses indebted to tianxia have resurfaced in modern China in quest of moral and cultural ways of relating to and articulating an international society. We believe that the Chinese vision may prove productive … in the tension-ridden yet interconnected world.

NOTE: This section is the weakest part of the book. First, as for the hierarchical system system favored by China is really an extension of hierarchical Confucian system at home. Professor Wang Gongwu has an interesting lecture on the Chinese difficulty in accepting Western concepts of international law, while the Japanese were quick to embrace it, because it offered a way out of the hierarchical Confucian world order that they deeply resented. The various Chinese dynasties used different methods with the barbarians. Here ia good illustration and criticism to Luttwak analysis of China's barbarian handling methods. However, the problem with this analysis, is until the Mongol invasions, the distinctions between Hua (Han CHinese) vs Yi (Barbarian) was blurred. The cultural exchange wasn't one way, and even during the Yuan and Qing Dynasties, the transmissions of culture was both ways.
Getting back to Luttwak premise and the China relations with her neighbors, you can see this in the use of carrot/stick in her diplomacy with smaller countries like South Korea, Philippines, Canada, Japan, New Zealand etc. When the country does something that displeases China, they resort to holding back trade or access. The problem as Asymmetry and China's Tributary System argues relations can never get beyond a certain point, or worsen and the two parties spend the next couple of years trying to repair the damage. Take for example, the case with South Korea. Relations have improved since the bottom of the THAAD crisis, but it will take years to restore relations back to pre-THAAD levels.
I think Luttwak is being disingenuous here with the lectures by the Confucius Institute on Tianxia. There are many public intellectual in China peddling theories. Some in the Chinese public might be naive to accept it, but the reality is the only real way to understand how Chinese diplomacy works is to observe what Chinese diplomats do.
ANCIENT UNWISDOM [BOOK]

Remarkably undiminished by the actual record of Chinese history, with its repeated subjugations by relatively small numbers of primitive invaders, this great confidence in Chinese strategic abilities reflects the immense prestige of China’s ancient writings on statecraft and the art of war …

Luttwak respects Sun Tzu’s The Art of War for its concise expression of timeless and paradoxical strategic truths. However, according to Luttwak, the problem with Art of War, unlike Clausewitz on War is it doesn't explain the reasoning step by step. Chinese generals were only able to adapt its lessons successfully when they were fighting other Chinese generals during periods of Warring States. It was similar to the situation in Renaissance Iltay
Luttwak detects three residue of the Art of War mentality of the misapplication of intracultural norms to intercultural conflict.

1. The presumption of unlimited pragmatism (or rational greed) in inter-state relations. NOT UNIQUE TO THE CHINESE
2. The tendency of Chinese officialdom to believe that long-unresolved disputes with foreign countries can be resolved by deliberately provoking a crisis. Luttwak makes references to the South China Seas.
3. An exaggerated faith in the power and efficacy of deception, as well as of the strategems and surprise moves that deception allows. On the issue of deception he talks about senior officers of the PLAN talking about decapitation strikes on one aircraft carrier in the hope of demoralizing an opponent as an example.

The effectiveness of deception and related methods is immensely increased by proximity, familiarity, consanguinity, cultural homogeneity, and easy access, all of which facilitate the acquisition of indispensable in-depth knowledge of the adversary.
He also talks about how Chinese often say that China is too difficult for foreigners to understand

In another leftover from the tributary past, the Han usually attribute superior cunning to themselves as compared to the non-Han of the world, as well as more elevated virtues, of course. Americans, on the other hand, they see as especially naive, also as strong and perhaps violent, but easily manipulated. “It is not easy to really know China because China is an ancient civilization … [whereas] the American people, they’re [danchun] very simple [or naive, or innocent— in the original].” Thus spoke Vice-Premier Wang Qishan on May 11, 2011, extemporaneously in a television discussion, while in Washington as head of the economic side of the annual China-U.S. strategic summit

Luttwak goes on about how the Chinese often attribute the actions of others to have an ulterior motive, rather than treating it at face value or ideology. NOT UNIQUE TO THE CHINESE. YOU SEE IT IN THIS SUB. PEOPLE CAN TALK ENDLESSLY ABOUT THE US MOTIVES FOR TRADE WAR WITHOUT ACTUALLY MENTIONING UTSR DOCUMENTS SENT TO CONGRESS
NOTE: On first principle you see that not only with how China deals with foreign states, but with ethnic minorities as well whether Muslims, Tibetans and Hong Kong. This is compounded by the fact China is Communist and looks at everything through a Marxist lens only worsens the problem. Secondly, the CPC has what I call a typical Confucian bureaucrat mentality is they look at things often with a dogmatic lens. They assume they know what people want, and are prone to lecturing people like they are 3 year olds.
As for the second principle, sometimes she provokes a crisis mainly to test resolve and ascertain the actions of the opponent. However, in Singapore they call it creating a false dilemma

Speaking at a recent SMU-SOSS International and Asian Studies Workshop titled “Navigating the Global Power Shift: China’s Rise and President Trump’s America”, Kausikan explained the Chinese practice of creating a false dilemma: If you want China to co-operate with you in one area, do not interfere with Chinese interests in some other area. In the case of Singapore, it was ostensibly Taiwan, where the Terrexes had been on a regular SAF exercise before heading back to Singapore.
“They wanted to negotiate with us but we refused,” recounts Kausikan, a Senior Fellow at the SMU School of Social Sciences. “We would fall into their trap of choosing [an option presented by] a false dilemma if we did. They would have started talking about phasing out the training in Taiwan in 10 years, we would then counter with eight, and they would then propose seven and so forth; there would be no end to it.

About the comments about the Americans being naive or innocent, the Indian author, V. Raghunathan, "Indians are Privately Smart Publically Dumb" the same could be said to extent with the Chinese

V. Raghunathan writes about a farmer whose corn won top awards year after year. When a reporter asked about the secret of his success, the farmer attributed it to the fact that he shared his corn with his neighbors. Why, the reporter wondered, would the farmer want to share his seed when those neighbors also competed with him for the prize? The farmer’s reply was, “The wind picks up pollen from the ripening corn and swirls it from field to field. If my neighbors grew inferior corn, cross-pollination would steadily degrade the quality of my corn. If I am to grow good corn, I must help my neighbors do the same.” .

INEVITABLE ANALOGY [BOOK]
In a chapter called “The Inevitable Analogy” Luttwak compares a rising Chinese superpower to its closest Historical analogue, pre-WWI Germany, which, as early as 1890 has already overtaken British primary in countless academic, industrial, and economic trades and was utterly unmatched in the critical chemical sector.
Between the end of the 19th century and 1904, Britain, recognizing the emerging German threat, scrambled to make friends of past enemies, and give up a great many just but disputed claims to negotiate as many separate agreements as possible, especially with France and Russia. The result was comprehensive encirclement and the gradual strengthening of the anti-German Anglo-Franco-Russo alliance. The bottom line is that the very existence of Germany’s growing strength mobilized the British to oppose Germany globally. Luttwak claims:

… only a militarily nonthreatening and diplomatic conciliatory grand strategy could have served Germany well – accelerating its peacful rise to new heights of cultural prosperity – is obvious in retrospect. But by 1907, and indeed long before, that best strategy had become simply unthinkable for Germany’s political elite ….

NOTE: Luttwak makes some interesting points here. However, in part a nation's ability to implement a "diplomatic revolution" as with Britain engagement with France in the 1800s is that in most of world history, such examples are rare. I think Luttwak downplays the importance of regime ideology and structure when it comes to forming long term alliances post-1815. It wasn't so much British strategic genius, but France had made cultural/strategic leaps necessary to make the British comfortable with a long term alliance. Bourgeois France of the 1904 was very different from the revolutionary France of 1804. The British could have joined Triple Alliance, and was close to doing so in 1890s. It requires a level of desperation / desire, and many would not contemplate. A contemporary example is Ethiopia transition to democracy and its peace with Eritrea, all within a span of months
A past example related to Britain, would be the union of England and Scotland. From 1298-1400, the English launched 8 invasions into Scotland, with the aim of stopping Scottish raids. This resulted in the Auld Alliance between France and Scotland to counter the English, even though it didn't stop English invasions. The English and Scottish signed the Treaty of Perpetual in 1503, even though it was broken in 1513, it formed the basis for the Union of the Crowns in 1603, and eventually the Act of Union in 1703. The peace and eventual Union between England and Scotland, enabled the English to devote its energy to Europeans affairs without the fear of Continental Powers reciprocating and also allowed them to focus their attention overseas. From initial peace treaty to the union, there was opposition on both sides. Successful execution of a grand strategy in most regions only happens once every hundred years, and even attempts are rare. The biggest problem is it often works subconsciously and with different motives in mind
CHINA'S AGGRANDIZEMENT AND GLOBAL REACTIONS [BOOK]
China's Increasing military spending could stem from a desire to

1. Increase military prestige
2. Intimated and attack defiant non-nuclear powers
3. Localized escalation domination

In the article, Luttwak talks about US having aircraft carriers, so China should get them too.
Luttwak argues that unacknowledged subordination have its advocates. Policies of accommodation to Chinese preferences leading to China's hegemony will unlikely overcome politics of resistance
When the US extended its influence over East Asia in the 1940s it was often seen as generous rather predatory. China is often viewed as predatory because of its large current deficits, even though China has increasing its investment in the region. Luttwak presents a public opinion of China regarding its economic activity increasing both regionally and globally. Emergence of China';s as a military power evokes stronger reaction.
NOTE: China's favorability ratings have dropped on average since 2011. When the US extended its influence in East and SEA in the 1940-50s it was seen as good, because what came before it was bad - European colonialism and Japanese occupation. Countries in the region, particularly Southeast Asia, want to get the benefits of cooperating with both the US and China.
The biggest problem with China is that can't cover most Asian countries if the US and the EU decide restrict exports to it. Here is an article about China and Cambodia

Today, more than 60% of Cambodia’s gross domestic product (GDP) derives from exports, with the vast majority coming from garment and footwear shipments. Last year, Cambodia’s exports to all international markets were worth just over $12.1 billion, up 10% from the previous year, and could tip the $13 billion mark at the end of 2019,...In 2017, China imported a little under $700 million worth of Cambodian goods; the US imported $3.1 billion and the EU $5.7 billion, most of which came under the EBA scheme. Exports to the US rose by about US$700 million last year, the same as China’s total annual imports from Cambodia.

This is China's closest ally in Southeast Asia, and even though China promises to increase trade to US$10 Billion by 2023, its most likely going to operate in her favor. Outside of South Korea and Japan, most countries in Asia have large deficits with China. The investment that countries receive from China is usually only a fraction of trade deficits they have with China. While some people have criticized Trump's tariffs, but the reality is Trump's tariffs haven't touched developing Asia outside of China. If one looks at the trade dispute Trump initially had with South Korea, which he eventually signed the US-ROK FTA with a few minor adjustment, how does that compare with China's boycotts over THAAD. When Trump threatened with walking away from US-ROK FTA unless it was negotiated, it was only him. When China boycotts a country, China has to get the whole country behind. To South Koreans its far more threatening than dealing with an individual.
THE COMING GEOECONOMIC RESISTANCE TO THE RISE OF CHINA [BOOK]
By “Geo-Economic” Luttwak refers to his thesis of how modern conflicts will be conducted amongst Great Powers, in ways that resemble the Cold War. The era of large conventional warfare between large nations was over in WWII, and the importance of global trade and economic concerns has expanded dramatically. He says:

That is so because in our nuclear age, with any significant warfare between nuclear powers largely inhibited, the logic of strategy must find alternative, nonmilitary expression in “geo-economic” ways.

But despite the US elite commitment to free trade – most intensely expounded from its stronghold in the US Treasury Department – intellectual support for geo-economic resistance is building if, for no other reason, than the growing recognition of multiple downsides to the Chinese trade relationship.
NOTE: Interesting thing about Luttwak's comments is he doesn't mention this chapter in the interview, even though he does talk about the trade war. The problem with political scientist talking about economics is they focus on state actors, even though much of the actions will be conducted by non-state actors, and many of them aren't even Chinese or America companies. The trade war is really the West's turn in moving away from investing in China, just as the Anti-Japanese riots in 2012 did to Japanese investments, and the THAAD 2017 accelerated investment away from China for the South Koreans. In both the Japanese and South Korea case, China responded to both incidents by using economic punishment. The Japanese and South Korean response of their companies was to pull out of China or shift new investment elsewhere.
COULD CHINA ADOPT A SUCCESSFUL GRAND STRATEGY? [BOOK]
Before abruptly changing course in 2008, China attempted to calm everyone’s nerves by issuing forth a policy document in 2005 that attempted to communicate their non-threatening intentions about what they planned on doing with their rapidly expanding power. China would:

1. Not Seek to create its own world system, but would rather join in the existing system.
2. Not Seek regional, let alone global, hegemony, hence military forces will not threaten or deliberately intimidate other countries.
3. Not Use force over territorial and maritime disputes, but resolve them diplomatically.
4. Not Use the economy to accumulate military strength as the Soviet Union has done.
5. Not Disrupt the economies of other countries for its own benefit. It would seek to repress the theft of intellectual property while respecting the common rules on international trade.
6. Peacefully reabsorb Hong Kong and Macau, and moreover, so long as Taiwan’s identity as a province of China was not challenged, no force would be used against the island.

Luttwak comments:

“… these reassuring promises were presented by successive Chinese leaders in credible ways, and – more important – because actual Chinese conduct kept faith with these promises in the years 2005-2008, there was no ‘natural’ reaction to China’s extremely rapid rise: no elements, even tacit, of any anti-Chinese alliance emerged on its periphery, and there was not even any speculation about the attempt to deliberately slow China’s economic growth.”“Until 2009 the credibility of the Peaceful Rise grant strategy was reaffirmed by actual Chinese conduct. But that is no longer true of course …”

In the book Luttwak provides reasons as to why it is unlikely 1) Abnormal to adopt a humble policy given China's increasing overall power 2) Abnormal to keep a small military given China's increasing economy 3) Abnormal for the PLA to accept a reduced role 4) Public Opinion, in so much that it counts, would find it unacceptable given China's humiliating past. To accept a more modest posture would diminish China's standing of her smaller neighbors

C

The old toplist contains outdated information (such as claiming RSC was still around). Here, I've recompiled a new one.
^.
±2006 Era Remakes VOTE

Server Name	Player Count	Content Rating	Custom Content	XP Rate	Online Since	Notes
2006rebotted	10-40	60%	::coords, rares to contributos	1x	2019	Open source emulation, allows botting
RuneRebels	1-2	80%	::yell, holiday events	2x	2011	RuneRebels staff at one point had highest upvoted post on /RSPS -- Longest standing remake
ScapeRune	3-4	80%	holiday events	2x	2017	Actively developed, high quality content
/v/scape	30+	70%	::patchnotes, ::yell, holiday events, ironman	2.25x		Lots of quests coded. Very active. Run by 4chan.

±2009 Era Remakes

Server Name	Player Count	Content Rating	Custom Content	XP Rate	Online Since	Notes
Darkan	5-10	60%	ironman	1-50x		No HTTPS on site, actively developed, full dungeoneering

RSC Private Servers VOTE

Server Name	Player count	Android Phone Compatible	Content Rating	PKing Scene	XP Rate	Online Since	Notes
OpenRSC		Yes	70%	No		August 5th, 2018	Completely open source, feel free to contribute
RSCVanilla		No				(at least) October 2018

^{Note: This list used to contain all the RSC private servers since the official game was still up. This has since changed, and you can see the legacy list HERE
.}
Spot something wrong? Have a suggestion? Please post below!

It’s been a few years since I’ve hopped onto rsps’ and i realized there aren’t anymore servers with webclients.
I just remember that being a huge selling point and no one does it anymore..! Wassup w/ that

±2006 Era Remakes VOTE

Server Name	Player Count	Content Rating	Custom Content	XP Rate	Online Since	Notes
2006rebotted	10-40	60%	::coords, rares to contributos	1x	2019	Open source emulation, allows botting
RuneRebels	1-2	80%	::yell, holiday events	2x	2011	RuneRebels staff at one point had highest upvoted post on /RSPS -- Longest standing remake (since 2011)
ScapeRune	3-4	80%	holiday events	2x	2017	Actively developed, combat formula has been broken for months
/v/scape	30+	70%	::patchnotes, ::yell, holiday events, ironman	2.25x		Lots of quests coded. Very active. Run by 4chan.

±2009 Era Remakes VOTE

Server Name	Player Count	Content Rating	Custom Content	XP Rate	Online Since	Notes
Darkan	0	70%	ironman	1-50x		2012 remake, developed for years

RSC Private Servers VOTE

Server Name	Player count	Android Phone Compatible	Content Rating	PKing Scene	XP Rate	Online Since	Notes
OpenRSC	1-5	Yes	110%	No	1x	2018	Open source, extremely accurate private server
RSC Revolution	180+	Yes	100%	Yes		May, 2014	Most popular RSC private server
RSC Emulation	180+	Yes	100%	Yes	10 - 15x (dynamic)	2009	Closed 2017, Re-released January 2018
RSC Legacy	100+		100%		8 - 24x (dynamic)
RSC Slay			90%		10 - 20x (dynamic)
RSC Kbd					32-64x		Highly Customized
RSC Saved

^{Note: None of these are remakes since Jagex has an official RSC running here
.}
Spot something wrong? Have a suggestion? Please post below!

RecklessPk is back. It has been a long time. For all the newcomers that never played Recklesspk before, we are known for being one of the top dominating Runescape Private Servers back in the day from 2011-2015 peaking 600+ players online and 80,000 registered members on the forums. Under old and new management Recklesspk is officially making a comeback in the RSPS scene. We have re-created the original website for the nostalgia. We are planning to release before the end of September.
Register here: https://recklesspk.com/ Discord here: https://discord.gg/DcdpZt9

Hey guys and girls,
Long time stalker. Looking for some advice. My compenstation package at work is changing and have a question that I'm hoping you all might have some input about.
Backround Started for the company back in mid-2011. Got added on to my group plan in 2012, still working hourly. Basically, 2% of earnings mandatory to the program, then the company would come up with a percentage they would add of your income based on how the company did as a hole. First few years was around 6-7%, last year was 3% (tied somewhat closely to the oil sands). End of 2013, was added to management and the plan above was still in place, but I started receiving profit sharing. Income at junior management was ~$53k. Last year, they started front loading some profit sharing to take us to ~$60k.
Current I am 30 years old. I am married to a teacher. Have 2 kids. Own my home (with about 50% of my house in equity and the other 50% in a mortgage). No debt aside from my mortgage. My only RSP's are the ones I have with my employer. I am now coming out of management and moving into a outside sales position. Salary of $85k, but I lose out on the bulk of my employer paid contributions to my RSP's. My current RRSP's are as follows:

Year	Personal Contr.	Employer Contr.	Chg in M.Value	Total
2011	$ -	$ -	$ -	$ -
2012	$ 593.55	$ 3,122.86	$ 326.21	$ 4,042.62
2013	$ 1,030.38	$ 9,796.25	$ 2,395.60	$ 13,222.23
2014	$ 2,018.95	$ 8,629.95	$ 1,587.53	$ 12,236.43
2015	$ 2,901.47	$ 8,991.84	$ 327.28	$ 12,220.59
2016	$ 2,386.12	$ 7,987.39	$ 2,585.23	$ 12,958.74
Since Inpection	$ 8,930.47	$ 38,528.29	$ 7,221.85	$ 54,680.61

Now, the funds to choose from are from Great West Life and there are not really any index style funds to choose. My current M.E.R. is 0.8% in fund investing in a portfolio of other funds. It is the most aggressive fund to choose from (50% CDN equity and 50% foreign equity). It should also be noted that these are segregated funds, and not mutual funds.
Ultimately, my question is. Do I make the pre-tax contributions to my employer's plan? I would aim to up my personal contributions to 10% of my income.
OR
Do I start to invest in something like e-series indexing? Again, aiming for 10% of income.
Any ideas or thoughts would be really appreciated!

*Grand Exchange *Nightmare Zone *RS-Like Duo Slayer *Mini Quests *Iron man mode *Highscores *Random Events *Trivia Bot *Many areas to train / level. *Many bosses to fight. *Player's settings. *World-wide content. *Well organized for new players. *Dungeoneering, ZMI altars, massive slayer with it's abilities and more! *Clan wars, duel arena, barrows, fight caves and more.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6iiDCS4WJA0
www.ensorsps.com

*Grand Exchange *Mini Quests *Iron man mode *Highscores *Random Events *Trivia Bot *Many areas to train / level. *Many bosses to fight. *Player's settings. *World-wide content. *Well organized for new players. *Dungeoneering, ZMI altars, massive slayer with it's abilities and more! *Clan wars, duel arena, barrows, fight caves and more.
PLAY FOR FREE NOW AT WWW.ENSORSPS.COM

IceyScape is a 317 rsps server made by youtube celebrity icejjfish you know from this video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iq_d8VSM0nw well he is a avid Runescape player and he has made his very own rsps it is a growing server with more people coming and lots of more content to be added so join now to become a powerful/wealthy player. This server is expected to grow there are many donator only perks and best of all you get to talk to a youtube celebrity so give it a go and try IceyScape. Keep in mind you'll need a fairly recent version of java which i'm sure you'll have and there is currently no webclient so you will need to download the client. We also have a very active team speak client. Join here-------- http://iceyscape.com/forum/

Hello rsps, I'm looking for some servers to try. Anything from 2011 down, thought I do prefer 06-07 period. I'm searching for eithier an eco server or brand new server that I can donate too and stick around. If anyone knows any please tell me.

Hi there, I'm a 23 year old college student in Canada. Anyways since I got a job at the age of 16 I have worked very hard at saving money and putting money into various savings accounts. I started my RSP's in 2009 and not knowing what I was doing I opted to put these RSP funds into GIC accounts through the Toronto Dominion Bank.
The GIC's are split into 3 investments at this time.
1 Started @ $5000 5yrs @ 1.26% Started 2011
2 Started @ $5335 2yrs @ 1.35% Started 2014
3 Started @ 2500 1.5yrs @ 1.55% Started 2014
The GIC that is $5335 in the oldest but since I didn't do anything with it this past summer when it matured the Bank decided to roll it into a 2yr investment. This one started @ $5000
Anyways that's just my RSP accounts.
I have $5000 sitting in a savings account with Tangerine and $2500 sitting in a savings account with PC financial. Why 3 bank accounts you may ask? Well this past year I stopped using TD as the fees were too high for a debit account and started a Tangerine account, but I needed a cheque so I created a PC financial account to get a free cheque book. Anyways this info is kind of useless.
Moving on.
At the beginning of my 1st year of school I took out a student loan with the Government of Alberta and have continued taking out these loans for my 2nd and 3rd years as well. My reasoning behind this is that it is interest free money up until 6 months after I graduate. Currently my total loan amount sits @ $9200 which I will not incur any interest on until June 2017.
My only monthly expense is my cellphone bill (avg $45/month) as I live with my uncle at the moment.
So anyways with tax season approaching I am looking for any suggestions on where to move money to maximize my tax return.
Also another problem. Currently I use my credit cards to pay for absolutely everything and I always make sure I pay them off in full each pay period . Currently my 2 cards offer 1% and 1.5% cashback but no other benefits on them. No extended warranty and no benefits other than the pathetic cashback %.

Website Webclient Downloadable Client
Welcome to Project Headbang
We are the new generation of RSPS. Why you might ask. Because every single server and their nan says that, so we are no exception.
But seriously, why Project Headbang?
Flawless PKing
Project Headbang has a perfect lag-free PKing system. This insures that there will be no glitching while PKing, everything is 100% finished.
Staking
Want to test your luck at the arena? Project Headbang has that! Flawless staking with all duping fixed! This means you can have fun, well until you get cleaned ;)
Dicing
Want to test your luck even more? We have dicing in-game. We have official hosts hosting dicing, so you know your money is 100% secure.
Stable Economy We have a 100% stable economy due to the fact all dupes are patched, and there is no excessive way to get gp.
Much, much more!
Everything can't be listed on the thread, so you will just have to check it out yourself!

[CENTER][IMG=expandable: 1]http://i.imgur.com/Oddd122.gif?1[/IMG] [IMG=expandable: 1]http://i.imgur.com/oj8OZC7.gif?1[/IMG]
Patch Notes/Recent Updates : [URL="http://lonelysouls718.com/showthread.php?tid=9&pid=327"]HERE[/URL]
WebClient : [URL="http://lonelysouls.net63.net//"]HERE[/URL]
How to setup Java for RSPS Webclient : [URL="http://www.rune-server.org/runescape-development/google/tutorials/532328-java-update-java-7-update-51-a.html"]HERE[/URL]
Forum : [URL="http://lonelysouls718.com/"]HERE[/URL]
Downloadable client : [URL="https://mega.co.nz/#!KRQiCbLY!dXl6r2wZ8NQ5DBgMp8C4E4R6lirrXOvyAJxqZ7YbYJQ"]HERE[/URL]
[IMG=expandable: 1]http://i.imgur.com/dtw8CoL.png[/IMG] [IMG=expandable: 1]http://i.imgur.com/O3Pdb8r.png[/IMG] [IMG=expandable: 1]http://i.imgur.com/5e7Jp47.png[/IMG] [IMG=expandable: 1]http://i.imgur.com/1BRNh6p.png[/IMG] [IMG=expandable: 1]http://i.imgur.com/5kp6Dyn.png[/IMG] [IMG=expandable: 1]http://i.imgur.com/O7gQ6a6.png[/IMG] [IMG=expandable: 1]http://i.imgur.com/8P6mouA.png[/IMG] [IMG=expandable: 1]http://i.imgur.com/FStdWKT.png[/IMG] [IMG=expandable: 1]http://i.imgur.com/oqrODF2.png[/IMG] [IMG=expandable: 1]http://i.imgur.com/G6yaFav.png[/IMG] [IMG=expandable: 1]http://i.imgur.com/0Er54YC.png[/IMG] [IMG=expandable: 1]http://i.imgur.com/qMO7i8F.png[/IMG] [IMG=expandable: 1]http://i.imgur.com/A4pgAgU.png[/IMG] [IMG=expandable: 1]http://i.imgur.com/NMtOQ3K.png[/IMG] [IMG=expandable: 1]http://i.imgur.com/YjUhAn6.png[/IMG] [IMG=expandable: 1]http://i.imgur.com/N8Nm74T.png[/IMG] [IMG=expandable: 1]http://i.imgur.com/iRv3D8G.png[/IMG] [IMG=expandable: 1]http://i.imgur.com/W9yndDi.png[/IMG] [IMG=expandable: 1]http://i.imgur.com/LYULEGW.png[/IMG] [IMG=expandable: 1]http://i.imgur.com/x3R6TQ8.gif[/IMG] [IMG=expandable: 1]http://i.imgur.com/c0KxvL9.png[/IMG]
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Layout by JESUS

Started off as a webclient maker in early 2009, RS-PS has grown more than anyone could have thought it would. We started by offering free webclients to any servers, and now we offer a huge range of general RSPS services.
We still offer webclients, but for servers who already have their own webclient, there are now many benefits to using your own webclient through our site!
Sign up your server: [url=http://rs-ps.org/addserver.php]here[/url].
[size=18pt][b]1. PlayerShare[/b][/size]
PlayerShare redirects players from unplayable servers to playable ones. This means that just by having your server online and playable at RS-PS.org you are likely to be sent a few players from our site every week! You can also buy into the system to ensure a more guaranteed player flow ($1-$2.50 for 100-300 players).
[center][img]http://i.imgur.com/yYy46NK.png[/img][/center]
[size=18pt][b]2. RSPS Developer Tools[/b][/size]
We automatically add a small toolkit menu to the bottom right corner of every webclient page: -Built in Item/NPC/Object/Emote/GFX lists for quicker development (Minimised by default) -Built in shop.cfg generator. Click items to add them to your shop! (Minimised by default)
[center][img]http://rs-ps.org/images/dev.jpg[/img][/center]
[size=18pt][b]3. Advanced Player Statistics[/b][/size]
Any players which visit your webclient through RS-PS.org will be monitored. -When they arrived -How they arrived (organic or playershare) -Who they are (guest/user) -[b]How long they stayed for[/b]!
You will have a section for players lost and another section for players gained on your control panel. You will also be able to see why you lost players (Server offline/Website down).
[center][img]http://rs-ps.org/images/aps.jpg[/img][/center]
[size=18pt][b]4. Better Play Links[/b][/size]
Play link: http://playrsps.com/[b]YOU[/b] Server page link: http://rs-ps.org/[b]YOU[/b]
[center][img]http://i.imgur.com/bBwwz9I.png[/img][/center]
[size=18pt][b]5. Faster Loading times:[/b][/size]
When someone tries to play your server through our site, your play page will optimized, making the file size downloaded a mere fraction of what it was previously.
[size=18pt][b]6. Better toplist & Information pages[/b][/size]
We also understand the needs of servers and players, and have designed a more user-friendly toplsit and information page. Server owners and players can add screenshots, make comments and server owners can add a display picture for their server which displays on the toplist/other areas of site.
[center][img]http://i.imgur.com/FHkCY21.png[/img][/center]
[size=18pt][b]7. Faster sign up:[/b][/size]
Using 'Sign in with Facebook' or 'Sign in with twitter', you can now create an account in just seconds, whereas other communities require you to fill out the same mundane information as you did everywhere else.
[center][img]http://i.imgur.com/CBxRBlT.png[/img][/center]
[size=18pt][b]8. Best value banner advertising for RSPS:[/b][/size]
We offer 1 month banner advertisement (every single page on RS-PS.org) for $10.00. Slots have been known to receive over 200,000 hits during one slot. That is a lot of bang for your buck.
[center][img]http://i.imgur.com/LFD9tgT.png[/img][/center]
[size=18pt][b]RSHosting (In development)[/b][/size]
RSHosting is a RSPS hosting solution specialised for private servers. - You won't require any previous knowledge of hosting. - You will have access to a control panel at which you can Stop/Start/Restart/Compile your server, download a backup of your source as .zip, and edit your .java files directly from the browser! - Code editor will be fully featured with syntax highlighting and bracket collapsing! - No more downloading source files! - No more losing your source files! - No more downtime while you're away from a PC - RSHosting's control panel is designed for a wide range of devices, so you can manage your server from anywhere.
[center][img]http://rs-ps.org/images/rsh.jpg[/img][/center]
[size=14pt]RS-PS is the place [u][b]you[/b][/u] want to be.[/size]