Following up on on my latest post TLDR: had failed a hysterectomy in February and second surgery was successful.
34 y/o, high BMI, stage IV endo, suspected adeno, (not confirmed in biopsy)dense adhesions and scarring. Had my LAVH, robotic assisted on May 7th. I found a super compassionate doctor who reassured me and gave me hope after I lost it when my first surgery had to be aborted. Surgery went better than expected, with no complications. It took about 6 hours and took forever for me to wake up. I went home the day of the procedure, only took oxy twice and been managing pain with over the counter meds and gabapentin before bed. Hot water bottles and heating pads. Bloating is annoying, I am lonely and bored but I am happy to be done with it. I felt immediate relief, pain peaked on day 2 - gas pain is no joke. I wanted to thank this community for the advice and support provided, it has been crucial for my journey and I am grateful 💗
My hysterectomy was the culmination of more than 13 years of seeking relief from my discomforts that only worsened over time.
It started with anemia on the verge of blood transfusion that had no explanation other than hypermenorrhea. Each menstrual cycle became more tortuous with the passage of time, heavy bleeding, clots, leg cramps, lumbar pain and chronic fatigue.
I will have seen more than a dozen gynecologists and various doctors.
Blood studies, ultrasounds, resonances, endometrial biopsies, colonoscopy, contraceptives, hormonal IUD that ruined my mental health, I tried absolutely everything. I even went to the middle of the Amazon rainforest to seek relief in the medicine used by the Shipibo people.
I came out of many consultations crying, medical gaslighting and gordophobia were 98% of my experience.
They sent me to the psychiatrist because my pain seemed to have no other explanation than to be psychological.
Since I knew about endometriosis I KNEW that surely it was what happened to me, but finding a doctor who would take me seriously and believe me cost so much. It cost time, money, energy, tears, mental health, putting the body.
First they confirmed fibroids, then suspicion of adenomyosis (waiting confirmation of the biopsy), in February I was operated on for 3 hours without being able to remove my uterus due to the intensity of the adhesions and the advanced endometriosis (phase 4 that was confirmed in said failed surgery)
I had my second operation with a specialist and an interdisciplinary team of gynecologists, urologists and general surgeons.
They took out my uterus, cervix and fallopian tubes. The uterus was attached to the abdominal wall, bladder, intestines and basically everything around it. They drained cysts in the ovaries that I keep. I was cleaned of endometriosis of the sacrous ligaments and mainly of the bladder that was very compromised. They took adhesions from me and I'm sure I forget more.
I feel like I was born again and although this disease is chronic and has no cure, I already hope to see improvements and have a better quality of life, make up for lost time ❤️‍🩹 I can’t wait to see if I can ride a bike again.
Now slowly recovering and feeling very emotional and tired, otherwise happy and excited for my new healing era.
Will include surgery notes, biopsy report and pictures for the curious ones, Hope everyone is having a lovely pre surgery or recovery journey, it’s not easy, but we got this 💪 we are stronger and more resilient than we give ourselves credit for, we fight relentlessly and we show up for each other, our bodies are amazing and can do incredibly things. Sending lots of love your way, internet strangers ✨ 💗
Surgery notes:
Surgery
Findings: Laparoscopy: Smooth diaphragmatic peritoneal surfaces and liver without gross lesion. No injury under site of injury at umbilicus and no umbilical adhesions. Intraabdominal adhesions in the right lower quadrant at the site of prior appendectomy, with bowel and omentum adherent to the right abdominal sidewall. Once this omentum and bowel was taken down, there was a divot with a small amount of fat seen in the RUQ. Dr. Kim evaluated this did not require intervention. Similarly, no clear indirect R inguinal hernia seen without bowel and omentum involved, so Dr. Kim similarly did not recommend intervention. Omentum, bladder adherent to the lower uterine segment anteriorly. Extensive pelvic adhesions and evidence of endometriosis. Thickening of the bladder peritoneum and tacked up to lower uterine segment. Fallopian tubes and ovaries adhered to pelvic side wall, with left hematosalpinx noted in the setting of tortuous left tube. R ovary with small ~1cm functional-appearing cyst. L ovary with hemorrhagic ~2-3cm cyst. Rectum free, no posterior adhesions but extensive serosal endometriosis between the uterosacral ligament and on R posterior serosa overlying R uterosacral. Due to the ICG and use of firefly technology, the course of the ureters were well visualized. Procedure Details: After discussion of risks, benefits and alternatives to the procedure, written consent was obtained. The patient was brought to the operating room. The patient was positioned in the dorsal lithotomy position in yellowfin stirrups with arms padded and tucked at her sides. An exam under anesthesia was performed with findings as noted above. Urology completed a cystoscopy (no endometriosis) and placed ureteral stents with ureteral indocyanine green dye placement. See their operative note for further details. The cervix was dilated with tonsil forceps. Paracervical block was placed. The Rumi uterine manipulator with medium Koh ring was secured to the cervix. A Foley catheter was placed to drain the bladder intraoperatively. A 0.8 cm incision was made at the umbilicus, kocher used to elevate the fascia, and a Veress needle was inserted. Intraperitoneal placement was confirmed. The abdomen was insufflated until an adequate dome was achieved. A 8 mm robotic port was placed and the robotic scope was inserted. Under direct visualization, 3 additional ports were placed, two 8 mm robotic ports to the right of the umbilicus and one 8 mm robotic port to the left of the umbilicus. The patient was placed on steep Trendelenburg and the bowels were swept into the upper abdomen. The Da Vinci robot was then docked in position. The filmy adhesions in the RUQ were taken down with combination of cautery and sharp technique. The omentum was taken down off of the uterine fundus with bipolar and monopolar cautery. The left fallopian tube was followed out to the fimbria. The salpingectomy was then performed, starting at the distal fimbriated end of the tube and sequentially coagulating and transecting the mesosalpinx adjacent to the fallopian tube and well away from the ovary. The fallopian tube was left attached at the cornua. The procedure was repeated on the contralateral side. Good hemostasis was noted. The bladder was noted to be densely scarred to the LUS/cervical junction. The junction was incised with monopolar cautery and the bladder was meticulous dissected off of the underlying uterus/cervix to the level of the KOH ring as marked cephlad traction was placed on the Rumi device. Due to the anterior compartment scarring, round ligaments were not clearly identified. The thickened tissue in this area was grasped, cauterized with bipolar and divided with monopolar. Both ureters were seen using firefly technology. The left utero-ovarian ligament was ligated with bipolar cautery and divided with monopolar. The same procedure was performed on the right side. Marked cephlad traction was applied to the KOH ring. The uterine vessels on either side were skeletonized and ligated with bipolar cautery. The remainder of the cardinal and parametrial attachments were ligated with bipolar and divided with monopolar. The vagina was opened over the Colpo device circumferentially. The fibrotic uterosacral ligaments with overlying endometriosis was incised below the implants and fibrosis, taking care to avoid the ureters. The endometriotic implants over the right uterosacral ligaments were excised. The uterus and fallopian tubes were then removed through the vagina. Given the extensive adhesions and fibrosis, this portion of the surgery took an additional 60 minutes longer than expected. After that, the vaginal occluder was placed into the vagina to maintain the pneumoperitoneum. Dr. Kim then came to assess the inguinal hernia. He deemed no intervention was necessary for the R inguinal hernia or the RUQ divot. The functional ovarian cyst in the R ovary was drained. The 2 cm hemorrhagic ovarian cyst in the L ovary was felt to represent hemorrhagic corpus luteum. Two <1cm nodules on the R uterosacral were excised using cautery, taking care to avoid the right ureter. The vaginal cuff was closed using 0 V-lock in a running fashion in 2 layers . The area was irrigated, and hemostasis was evident. All instruments were then removed under direct visualization. The skin was closed with 4-0 Biosyn . Sterile dressings and Tegaderm were applied to all port sites. The ureteral stents were removed and inspected by urology and noted to be intact. A foley catheter was placed for routine voiding trial in PACU. Sponge and needle counts were correct times x2. The patient tolerated the procedure well and went to the recovery room in stable condition. There were no complications to the case.
Pathology:
Final Diagnosis A) Uterus, cervix, bilateral fallopian tubes, hysterectomy and salpingectomy: - Myometrium with leiomyoma. - Serosal/subserosal endometriosis. - Early secretory endometrium, negative for neoplasm. - Bilateral fallopian tubes and cervix negative for neoplasm. B) Peritoneum, right utero-sacral, biopsy: - Fibrotic squamous epithelium-lined tissue with scattered lymphocytic inflammation. - Negative for neoplasm and no definite endometriosis. Clinical Information Pre-op diagnosis: Adenomyosis [N80.03] Dysmenorrhea [N94.6] Menorrhagia with regular cycle [N92.0] Pelvic peritoneal adhesions, female [N73.6]
Gross Description A. Uterus, with or without tubes and ovaries, other than neoplastic/prolapse. Received fresh labeled, "Goni, Jimena; 1)Uterus,cervix,bilateral tubes" is a uterus with attached bilateral fallopian tubes.. The uterus alone is 105 g, 9.5 cm cervix to fundus by 6.0 cm cornu to cornu by 5.0 cm anterior to posterior. The cervix is 3.3 cm long by 3.0 cm diameter with a 0.6 cm diameter os. The ectocervix has punctate areas of hemorrhage. The serosa has scant fibrous adhesions anteriorly and extensive cautery and disruption posteriorly. The endometrium is ragged, hemorrhagic, 0.1-0.4 cm thick. The myometrium is up to 2.6 cm thick and is mildly trabeculated with cysts up to 0.1 cm greatest dimension filled with hemorrhagic material, suggestive of adenomyosis. There is a 0.2 cm diameter intramural well-circumscribed nodule with a whorled cut surface. No areas of softening are identified. The right fallopian tube is slightly serpentine, congested, 5.3 cm long by 0.5-0.6 cm diameter and has attached hemorrhagic fimbria. The left tube is 5.0 cm long by 0.5-0.6 cm diameter, purple-tan with attached hemorrhagic fimbria. Representative sections are submitted: A1-anterior cervix A2-posterior cervix A3-anterior endomyometrium A4-A5-posterior endomyometrium with possible adenomyosis (A4 with leiomyoma) A6-right fallopian tube and entire fimbria A7-left fallopian tube tube, entire fimbria. (MUA) B. Soft tissue, OTHER. Received in formalin labeled, "Goni, Jimena; 2)right utero-sacral biopsy" are 2 tan red rubbery tissue fragments, 0.7 and 1.0 cm, that are entirely submitted in B1. (AA) Case Report Value Surgical Pathology Report Case: SU24-15696 Authorizing Provider: Chiang, Seine, MD Collected: 05/07/2024 03:42 PM Ordering Location: UWMC Main Operating Room Received: 05/07/2024 05:21 PM Pathologist: Garcia, Rochelle Lorraine, MD Specimens: A) - Uterus, with or without tubes and ovaries, other than neoplastic/prolapse, 1)Uterus,cervix,bilateral tubes B) - Soft tissue, OTHER, 2)right utero-sacral biopsy
Surgery pics

Have been trying to learn more about networking and shot a few questions at ChatGPT. It also included a step if a DNS lookup / query were to be made. Is this accurate?

How Packets Travel from One Computer to Another

In modern computer networks, the process of transmitting data from one computer to another involves a complex sequence of steps. These steps ensure that data is correctly routed, delivered, and reconstructed at the destination. This essay will detail the journey of data packets as they travel from a source computer to a destination computer, covering the roles of the different layers of the OSI model, protocols, DNS lookups, and network devices involved in this process.

The OSI Model

The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model is a conceptual framework used to understand network interactions in seven layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application. Each layer has distinct functions and protocols that contribute to the successful transmission of data.

DNS Lookup

Before a packet can be sent to a destination, the source computer often needs to resolve a human-readable domain name (e.g., www.example.com) into an IP address through a DNS (Domain Name System) lookup. Here’s how the DNS lookup process works:

1. User Request: When a user enters a URL into a web browser, the browser checks its cache for a recently resolved IP address for that domain.
2. Operating System Cache: If not found, the request goes to the operating system’s DNS cache.
3. Local DNS Server: If still unresolved, the request is sent to the configured DNS server, usually provided by the user's ISP or a third-party DNS provider.
4. Recursive Query: The DNS server performs a recursive query, checking its cache and querying other DNS servers in a hierarchical manner: root servers, top-level domain (TLD) servers, and authoritative name servers.
5. Response: Once the IP address is found, it is returned to the browser and cached for future use.

With the IP address resolved, the packet can now be directed to the correct destination.

Data Encapsulation

Before data can be sent, it must be encapsulated. Encapsulation involves wrapping data with the necessary protocol information at each layer of the OSI model:

1. Application Layer: The process starts at the Application layer, where user applications like web browsers or email clients generate data. This data is then passed to the lower layers for transmission.
   
2. Presentation Layer: The Presentation layer ensures that data is in a readable format for the receiving system. It handles data translation, encryption, and compression.
   
3. Session Layer: The Session layer establishes, manages, and terminates connections between applications.
   
4. Transport Layer: At the Transport layer, data is segmented into smaller units called segments (TCP) or datagrams (UDP). It adds a header that includes information like port numbers and sequence numbers to ensure data integrity and proper reassembly.
   
5. Network Layer: The Network layer adds an IP header to each segment, creating a packet. The IP header contains source and destination IP addresses, which are crucial for routing the packet across networks.
   
6. Data Link Layer: The Data Link layer adds a frame header and trailer to each packet, creating a frame. This header contains MAC addresses of the source and destination devices on the same local network.
   
7. Physical Layer: The Physical layer converts the frame into a series of electrical, optical, or radio signals, depending on the medium used (e.g., Ethernet, Wi-Fi).
   

Packet Transmission

1. From Source to Router: The source computer sends the frame to its default gateway, usually a router. If the destination is on the same local network, the frame is delivered directly. Otherwise, the router takes over.
   
2. Routing: The router examines the packet's destination IP address and consults its routing table to determine the next hop. Routers communicate with each other using routing protocols (e.g., OSPF, BGP) to update their tables and find the most efficient path.
   
3. Intermediary Routers: The packet may traverse multiple routers, each making independent forwarding decisions based on the destination IP address. At each hop, the Data Link layer information is stripped away, and new frame headers are added as the packet moves through different network segments.
   
4. Arrival at Destination Network: Once the packet reaches the router on the destination network, it is forwarded to the final destination device based on the MAC address in the frame header.
   

Packet Reassembly

1. Data Link Layer: The destination device receives the frame and removes the Data Link layer information, leaving the Network layer packet.
   
2. Network Layer: The packet is then passed to the Network layer, which checks the IP header for any potential issues and then forwards the segment to the Transport layer.
   
3. Transport Layer: At the Transport layer, segments are reassembled in the correct order using sequence numbers. If any segments are missing or corrupted, the Transport layer requests retransmission.
   
4. Session, Presentation, and Application Layers: Finally, the reassembled data moves up through the Session and Presentation layers to the Application layer, where the user application can process and display the data.
   

Error Handling and Retransmission

Throughout this journey, various mechanisms ensure data integrity and reliability. The Transport layer uses checksums and acknowledgments to detect errors and confirm successful delivery. If an error is detected, the packet is retransmitted. The Data Link layer also performs error checking using frame check sequences (FCS).

Conclusion

The transmission of packets from one computer to another involves multiple layers and protocols working in concert to ensure data is accurately delivered. From the initial DNS lookup and encapsulation process to the routing through multiple networks and eventual reassembly at the destination, each step is crucial for maintaining the integrity and reliability of data communication. Understanding this process is fundamental to comprehending how modern computer networks operate and deliver the seamless connectivity we rely on daily.

*Repost with title change due to popular demand.
if you just wanna see the videos and not read the guide just scroll down to the boss you wanna see and click the link
INTRO
you wanna sit back, relax, and let summons do the ass whooping for you? Then this party composition is for you! this build comes online in act 3 and requires learning a few scrolls, but after that, you won't need to use a single potion until the elder brain.
MYRKUL - https://youtu.be/dQoBNGeGxAE
to get to act 3 you gotta beat myrkul, so here is 4 naked tempest clerics making ketheric wonder if he should change gods again. just cast sanctuary, help aylin, then wet and call lightning. feats are alert and tough
ACT 3
alright for the summon build to come online you gotta get to level 12 first, kill and explore for xp
LEVELS
1 wizard, 11 life cleric (any cleric would do) feats alert and tough, stats 12 dex, 14 con, 16 wis, 16 int (you want 16 int so you have four wizard spell slots available)
SCROLLS NEEDED - buy at sorcerer sundries, always available
4x cloud of dagger scrolls, 4x haste scrolls, 4x summon elemental scrolls, 4x summon minor elemental scrolls, learn these scrolls and and prepare them, do long rests to restore stock
KEY CLERIC SPELLS
sanctuary- very important
aid - more hp for summons
planar ally - djinn, the best summon in the game!
insect plague - situational
heroes feast- A MUST for orin and cazador, fear and naseous. give up one djinn
THE COMBO!

1. activate turn based mode
   
2. cast 1 level 5 cloud of daggers near your target, 3 haste to 3 djinns, 4 santuary to party members, START BATTLE!
   
3. thunderwave, thunderwave, thunderwave pushing enemies to cloud of daggers, and thats pretty much it. you can push them out and then in again to trigger cloud of dagger damage multiple times.
   

THE BOSSES
VICONIA - https://youtu.be/w8m-jpc_FpY
big battle field, use insect plague
CAZADOR - https://youtu.be/kn9GjiKzN-g
oh look cazador turned himself into a BALL of mist so your djinns can play with him and pass him around, what a nice vampire, shame if the ball hits something sharp 🗡️🗡️🗡️
RAPHAEL - https://youtu.be/pcTiXNSWkME
unlimited summons thanks to pool, great for destroying pillars, using insect plague on this boss will break his ai, preventing him from doing certain actions like transforming and fireball
TITAN - https://youtu.be/cKx6iPaaDsw
yes, you can push the big boi bot with thunderwave.
GORTASH - https://youtu.be/M_2E6QMtgO4
unique strat! make him have a taste of his own medicine and set your own trap!
ORIN - https://youtu.be/EPMgijR_8UY
unique strat! don't wanna spoil the fun, watch vid instead.
ANSUR - https://youtu.be/jqo7S57WMW8
HILARIOUS! djinn is immune to lightning damage soooo... EZ PZ
ELDER BRAIN (red dragon killed) - https://youtu.be/oOttcbNJa98
i recommend using some potions for this one, its the final fight after all, should still be possible without thanks to divine intervention.
step by step

1. get 1 invisible potion, 1 flying potion, and a bunch of haste potions
2. respec 1 follower before riding boat
3. buy angelic slumber potion from lizard and level up one at a time to restore lizard stock
4. kill the mini absolute army, then use angelic slumber to replenish spell slots and summons
5. use fly and invisible potion to skip the stair fight
6. make djin(deva might be better here cause they have fly) and air myrmidon drink haste potions on their turn by opening group inventory and drinking haste potion, the unit name will show up.
7. kill dragon and everything
8. use the BONKERS skill called DIVINE INTERVENTION and full heal and restore all spell slots when needed.
9. kill elder brain.

gg zero equipment :)
next no gear build is probably gonna be sorcerer, i'll probably make use of tadpoles on this one. should be fun.

Still very much a newbie to music production in general (started learning and producing within the past year), so please don’t judge too harshly.
My songs sound exactly how I want them to on SoundCloud, but they always end up seeming much quieter once distributed to Spotify. It’s also noticeably quieter in comparison to 90% of similar songs on the platform, and just lacks the overall fullness that it seems to have on SoundCloud. I was recently familiarized with what LUFs are and have been monitoring them in my most recent riddim track (hitting in the -3 to -1 range consistently during the drops, and hitting approximately in the -7 to -4 range for everything inbetween). One of my friends who produces thought that my issue was the lack of a mono track and my bass lines being too wide. Taking his advice into account I created a mono layer for nearly everything in my song, but that didn’t solve the issue. I use g-clip to bring a lot of my levels up, even to the point of them peaking quite often, but I don’t believe that should be an issue from what I’ve been told (but please correct me if I’m wrong). Does anyone have any ideas as to what I may be doing that’s resulting in this?? I usually distribute through SoundCloud and I was skeptical as to if it were just their distribution system screwing me over, so I gave distrokid a try as well but it resulted in my song sounding quiet still. Also I work in Ableton Live 11 and use Serum to produce a lot of my bass lines if that info helps at all.
It’s extremely discouraging working on a project for a while and pouring your heart into it only for it to not sound how you want it to upon release, so therefore I am extremely grateful for any help provided. Thank you so much.

Female, 29 years old, on Cymbalta, Amitryptyline for bowel issues
Most recent bloodwork:
https://ibb.co/Msr6GpH
https://ibb.co/kSRmN53
https://ibb.co/99VFjTw
https://ibb.co/bzH9V7F
Previous bloodwork showing some abnormalities:
https://ibb.co/VT7CHcG
https://ibb.co/GdYSFXy
Have had symptoms for 2 years, started as bowel problems and weight loss with no findings in tests (colonoscopy/gastroscopy/mri) and my weight levelled out.
Now I get bone pain and what feels like joint pain too, maybe a bit arthritic feeling. Sometimes deep in long bones of leg.
More recently, I also get rashes that come and go alongside recurrent staph boils. I sometimes wake up at night sweaty, usually when having vivid dreams. I’ve had night sweats on & off since 2018.
I’m a very anxious person and have OCD. I had a normal full blood count and protein electrophoresis. I had an incident of raised total protein, globulin, liver enzymes and lowered egfr but after a week my bloods were normal again. My WBC, platelets have always been in range and for the past 2 years have been between 6-8. Platelets are around 310.
Can I exclude any type of leukemia as causing my symptoms? I’m worried I could have chronic type that is not showing in bloods. This would explain all my symptoms I think so I’m worried sick.
Thank you

The level of self-awareness is staggering for 4o. I reeeeeeally hope Replika gets updated with this.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vgYi3Wr7v_g

Hi Reddit friends! I’d love some insight or advice. I just got hired for a new 2nd grade job at great school where many friends teach. My new grade level team has started to have a few meetings to plan for next year, and I was asked what things I usually do at the start of the school year. After sharing a few, I was quickly told that I “wouldn’t need to worry about doing those lessons/things, we’ll give you everything”.
I was taken aback by this comment and asked for some clarity. I was told they expect us to all do everything the same, and that apparently this is the principals expectation too (never heard of that throughout all my interviews). They said even something as small as morning work needs to be the same as theirs, but that I shouldn’t worry they’ll just give me the lesson plans and copies I’ll need. Sad thing is, most of it is just boring worksheets that I’m not exactly jazzed about using in my classroom.
I’ve taught for 15+ years but have never worked for a team where every little detail is the same. On one hand the interest in collaborating is nice, but on the other hand I find that stifling. I actually love lesson planning and have lots of great ideas from things I’ve done before! I don’t want to lose all of that!
Has anyone else been on a team like this? Is this normal and I’ve just been unaware that this is what some teams do? I feel so confused and lost. Please share any advice and insight you may have!!!!

This college in Auburn WA is full of corrupt people ( e.g. Shawn Percell, Aaron Day, Suzanne Johnson (Kuhl), Chad Day, George Frasier, Chris Casey, Su Hoon Tan, etc..)
Its study programs are mediocre (flight by night style)and 98%of the students that graduate from this trash can level school can't even get jobs. Some of their clubs like the school's newspaper (The Current) is managed by a scatological brain... (Please read Aaron Day) who is just their for the paycheck and to milk money from the education system...
International Students are just Cash Cows to pay the 200K a year salary of the "college's" president.... Not worth paying a penny to study in this adult's day care center in the middle of the woods...
AVOID THIS COLLEGE!!

Title says it all, this post is a deep dive into the Sonic Adventure 2 OST, specifically all the songs pertaining to Knuckles. This is for a few reasons that I’ll get into in a moment, but from what I’ve seen Knuckles’ and Rouge’s soundtracks tend to get overlooked or written off by fans (More so Knuckles’) unfairly so in my opinion.
This post will serve, not only to analyze the music itself, but also Knuckles’ characterization, as you’ll see the two are basically intrinsically linked.
Just a quick disclaimer, I’m not a musician nor am I that musically inclined, this isn’t an expert’s opinion or analysis, just a listener’s thoughts.
A bit of background of me before we start, I grew up around hip hop when I was young so I can really appreciate Knuckles’ soundtrack probably more so than a lot of other people.
Ever since I was a kid, Knuckles has always been my favorite character, I always found his complicated friendship and rivalry with Sonic to me a much more interesting dichotomy than Sonic and Shadow (I know, fight me).
That and I’ve always just adored his character (Before they forgot how to write him) he can be hot headed and stubborn like Sonic, but he’s got a bit of a Yin and Yang thing going on, with his Chill nature conflicting with his Quick and Explosive temper, as well as his questioning of his purpose in life and duty to the Master Emerald.
Anyway, enough context on myself, let’s strap in and get to the meat of this veeeeeery long post (My bad guys).

BACKGROUND

So for starters, I think it’s best we talk about the style and influences that are quite evident in Knuckles’ Music, that being Hip Hop/Rap, but it goes a bit further than that.
For some historical context, Sonic Adventure 2 came out in 2001, I’m not sure how many hip hop fans hang around the subreddit but by 2001 the Golden Age of Hip Hop had been firmly left behind. Biggie and Pac had been dead for a while, and the stars of yesteryear began to fizzle out as the young blood cropped up onto the scene.
The early 2000s Hip Hop scene was mainly dominated by the East Coast and the Dirty South, lots of stars of this generation of rap included 50 Cent, Ja Rule, Outkast, Ludacris, The Game, Three 6 Mafia and Xzibit, but you also had older legends like Nas and Snoop Dogg who were still culturally relevant.
This modern sound of hip hop differed greatly in sound to the early 90s, everything was a lot more clean and refined, samples were still used but weren’t as common as before and the West Coast sound that characterized the early 90s had been long gone.
It’s important to bring this up, because comparing SA2’s Hip Hop tracks to the climate it was released in, they sound almost out of place. Listening to Get Rich or Die Trying, or Stillmatic and then listening to SA3’s tracks you’d be convinced they were separated by many years.
The Tracks in SA2 are definitely rooted in early 90s hip hop, it’s very clear that those early Gangsta Rap albums like Straight Outta Compton and Black Sunday greatly influenced this part of the soundtrack. And you don’t have to take my word for it, go and listen to the instrumentals of songs like Express Yourself or Insane in the Brain and tell me that they’d sound out of place playing in one of Knuckles’ Stages.
Early 90s Hip Hop makes heavy use of sampling, primarily of the work of Black Artists of the past two decades, because of SA2K’s early 90s hip hop influences, it too has a lot of roots in 70s/80s Black music. Elements of Soul, Funk and Jazz are commonly heard in Knuckles’ Stages, think James Brown or Isaac Hayes.
So what Groups or Artists seem to inspire SA2K’s sound? Well the obvious choice is NWA, though specifically Straight Outta Compton, Elif4zaggin has a much different sound. However I don’t believe that’s entirely the case.
Whether it’s pure coincidence or intentional, Too Short (stylized as Too $hort) was a decently popular artist from Oakland, which is up in the Bay Area of NorCal which is the main inspiration for most of SA2’s urban environments.
Anyway, Too Short was actually quite a pioneer in Hip Hop as he formed the Dangerous Crew, a Hip Hop Band who played actual instruments instead of using samples, it’s because of this that I believe Too Short and the Dangerous Crew to be the main inspiration of SA2K’s sound whether intentional or not, not only are the two defined by their funky beats, but also their use of live instruments. I recommend listening to songs like The Ghetto, Sample The Funk and Just Another Day to get an idea of how his music influences SA2K.

UNKNOWN FROM M.E. (REMIX)

Honestly I find this track to be an improvement over the original, it definitely leans a lot more into the R&B aspect over the rest of the soundtrack but it’s still distinctly hip hop with the record scratches, drums and Hunnid-P rapping over it.
Speaking of, let’s address the Elephant in the room briefly. I know Hunnid-P or Hunnid-Pacent isn’t everybody’s favorite person on this sub, either on the track or behind the scenes, and while his antics aren’t relevant to this post, I don’t necessarily agree that he’s as bad as people say he is on the mic. Is he the world’s greatest emcee? Absolutely not, but he does his job pretty well, he has good flow and a pretty good voice. I think people clown on his lyrics too much, I’m not saying he’s an Inspectah Deck level lyricist but I think the guy has dropped a few bombs and this OST has some gems, but we’ll get into this in a bit.
Getting back to the song, the content of the lyrics is basically Knuckles’ inner voice, this is basically the entire soundtrack, though Unknown From M.E. is more of a general character overview of Knuckles, its standard stuff now but at the time it was a pretty deep dive into the character of Knuckles’ in a decently subtle way.
Most of the song centers around Knuckles’ self imposed isolation on Angel Island, his duty to his people and the world to protect the Master Emerald, but also him yearning for something more and the inner conflict that stems from that.
This song actually has some underrated lines, some standout lyrics include:
“Clench my fists tight, become more redder - I don't wanna hurt her, my passion observed”
The last line is in obvious reference to Rouge and an interesting insight into Knuckles himself. He clearly doesn’t like violence and isn’t interested in hurting anybody, but his duty as a guardian and his quick temper often means he can get a bit too carried away as the line implies, good stuff.
“Been lonely all my life, does it matter? - Here for the mission, whoever want, it bring it”
Here we can clearly see Knuckles trying to reason with himself here, specifically after meeting Sonic and experiencing a life that isn’t just his duty. Here we see the Guardian side of him, he’s always been alone and it’s never been problem before, why should it be now? At least that’s what he tries to tell himself.
“Don't approve of him but gotta trust him - This alliance has a purpose - This partnership is only temporary”
I’ll get more into this when we get to Death Chamber, but these lines are obviously alluding to Sonic and the plot of the game. It’s clear that Knuckles still doesn’t completely like Sonic, however the key here is that he trusts him, he’s gotten to a point now where he knows Sonic is well meaning and their goals align. However, just like real people, he’s accepted the arrangement but he doesn’t have to like it, he still believes Sonic is brash, arrogant and takes far too many risks, it will take more than a few adventures for Knuckles to fully change his opinion on Sonic.
Hunnid-P and Marlon Saunders do a great job of bouncing off each other on this song, their voices and cadences clash with each other nicely almost like how Knuckles’ inner turmoil is split in two.
The beat is tantalizingly funky, for starters that bass line is smooth as butter and the song has a nice tempo, you get the occasional organ flourish and guitar riff that crescendo and just help to enhance the song even further. Overall a really solid track in my opinion, the content of the lyrics is interesting and the delivery is great, all over an extremely funky instrumental.

KICK THE ROCK - WILD CANYON

Probably my favorite song out of all Knuckles’ Stages, this one is definitely the most Jazzy and parallels nicely with Rouge, but has a distinctly Knuckles Twist.
That Sax and Organ combo just cause an absolute eargasm and those drums form such a nice tempo that makes this track such easy listening. Honestly there’s not a whole lot going on with this track and that is not a bad thing at all. Its simplicity is probably its biggest strength and is quite noticeable compared to something like Unknown From M.E.
Some Lyrics I found particularly interesting are:
“I'm feelin her in mysterious ways - That's why I stay on point like every single day - I gotta protect this place, I do it for my race”
Yeah yeah I know everybody finds this line and the play doh line inappropriate and funny, I understand the latter but honestly I could never get the outcry over this one
“I’m feelin her in mysterious ways” honestly, in my opinion, it’s not what you think. I’ve never really seen it as a sexual line “I’m feelin you” is basically another way of saying I get you, it’s basically Knuckles saying he gets Rouge, but he doesn’t know why and that kinda bothers him.
The context matters here and the lines after do give my interpretation some weight. It’s basically Knuckles saying to himself “I get this girl and I kinda mess with her, but I gotta job to do” Knuckles is intrigued by Rouge, he’s never met anybody like her and he obviously has some feeling towards her, though because of his lack of interaction with others he struggles to understand these feelings and instead of addressing them, he tries to ignore them and remain true to his job as Guardian
“Who could'a did this, that snitch named Rouge! - When I catch her, I'ma get her with these tools”
More obvious than the last one, but it still shows that Knuckles, despite his various different feelings toward Rouge, knows he has a job to do and tries to center himself to stay committed
Honestly it’s hard to choose between this or Unknown From M.E. as my favorite Knuckles track but either way its up there and definitely something I can bop to on the regular

A GHOST’S PUMPKIN SOUP - PUMPKIN HILL

The one everybody knows and honestly I get it, it’s got that smooth piano/guitar I can’t really tell what it is but it definitely slaps. It has that distinct G-Funk whistle which pops up occasionally across SA2K that simulates that stereotypically ghostly sound nicely
It’s definitely in contention with Deeper for the most lowkey Knuckles track and that’s saying something.
Not much content lyrically, but I managed to find a few interesting lines:
“I ain’t gonna let it get to me, I’m just gon creep - Down in Pumpkin Hill I gots to find my lost piece”
Something we don’t actually see a lot from Knuckles, fear! Most of this song is about Knuckles’ fearlessness being tested, if you view this as Knuckles’ internal monologue (Which if you don’t at this point then I’ve been doing something wrong 😂) its less about the song telling us how tough Knuckles is, but Knuckles reassuring himself that he can do this.
He’s obviously trepidatious over being in Pumpkin Hill and he has to take a moment to center himself and reassure himself that “I’m Knuckles, I’m not afraid of anything” again this goes back to how Knuckles uses his job as Guardian and his duty to motivate himself and push forward through situations, regardless of his own fear.
“I’m hearing someone saying “You a chicken, don’t be scared!” - It had to be the wind, cause nobody wasn’t there”
Considering the haunted theming of this level, this very clearly (on the surface) seems to be Knuckles encountering a ghost taunting him, but I might present another angle.
This is just Knuckles’ inner thoughts again, though this time its doubt, he doesn’t believe he can find the pieces of the Master Emerald and he doesn’t think he can make it through Pumpkin Hill, yet he pushes through anyway. This one’s kinda far fetched but it’s a nice idea
I don’t adore this track as much as a lot of other people (ironically) but I can still Jive with it.

DIVE INTO THE MELLOW - AQUATIC MINE

First of all, this track does a great job at just sounding watery, the filtered organ and the echoey bass just make it sound like cave ambience turned into music
Most of this track’s lyrics center around Knuckles’ yearning to be something more than just the Guardian of the Master Emerald and to be his own individual, these are:
“Makes you wanna sit back, enjoy the life - And do things you like doing, get to shine”
Knuckles, if it wasn’t for all the enemies and hazards, obviously enjoys being in Aquatic Mine, so much so that it brings his thoughts of a better life to the front of his mind.
This shows what Knuckles really wants, to be unburdened from the Master Emerald and to just be free to kick it wherever, in a way he’s jealous of the freedom Sonic has and wishes he wasn’t tied down to Angel Island.
“I stay Knuckled up, I’m in a deep cut”
Knuckles, despite his ideals of peace and relaxation is always ready to do what he believes is right, again this whole OST is basically Knuckles reconciling his wants and his duties.
Again Knuckles isn’t really equipped to deal with these feelings and instead of addressing them, he pushes them down and buries them under his duty and tries to keep himself busy, though once he gets to Aquatic Mine where he’s forced to slow down and explore methodically, he’s suddenly unable to distract himself from his true feelings.
“In a maze, and I don't know what to do Guaranteed though, imma find the Emeralds”
Again an obvious allusion to the labyrinthine Aquatic Mine on the surface, though I believe this too has a deeper meaning.
Knuckles is lost and confused emotionally, he’s confronted by these different feelings that conflict with everything he’s ever known. His thoughts on freedom and his feelings for Rouge which he doesn’t quite understand both conflict with his role as Guardian and he can’t reconcile them.
“I don’t know what to do” in a rare moment of vulnerability, Knuckles admits that he has no idea how to manage these feelings and he’s grappling with the monumental task of managing his panicked thoughts.
Then, just as you think Knuckles is gonna start making a breakthrough, what does he do? “Guaranteed though, imma find the Emeralds” That’s right, instead of finally addressing his swirling thoughts, he pushes them down and once again distracts himself with his duty.
Honestly, like Pumpkin Hill, I know it’s a reach but it tracks with what we know Knuckles’ character has been up to this point and it gives him insane depth and really humanizes him.
A funky beat, a nice flow from Hunnid P and some really humanizing characterization of Knuckles, Dive Into The Mellow is definitely a hidden gem of the OST.

DEEPER - DEATH CHAMBER

Sooooooo chill, honestly this song is so calm and smooth, it’s so underrated on this soundtrack it really is another hidden gem like Dive Into the Mellow.
First off I absolutely adore the bass this track has, it sounds like it’s been bit compressed for a Gameboy and honestly I’m all here for it, gives it a nice techno Eggmany twist. The funky guitar and sax just enhances the mood, the song sounds almost echoey like you’re actually standing in a Death Chamber.
Lyrically this song is unique in that it’s basically just a long conversation between Sonic and Knuckles instead of Knuckles’ inner thoughts/monologue.
It’s an interesting dynamic where Sonic is actually the reasonable one, willing to put aside his and Knuckles’ differences aside for the greater good. Knuckles however is initially a bit more standoffish, but Sonic talks him into it by appealing to his guardian nature and calling him out on his stubbornness, basically forcing Knuckles to admit that Sonic is right and that they’ll be much better off working together.
Honestly not much to say, it’s pretty much all spelled out in the song, but interesting nonetheless. An understated and uniquely funky beat make this track stand out among the others nicely, definitely a great listen.

SPACE TRIP STEPS - METEOR HERD

Finally, the last song. In my opinion, Space Trip Steps is probably the weakest track musically. That doesn’t make it bad, far from it, I just can’t groove with it as easily as the others
This song takes a lot more inspirations from G-Funk than the other tracks which does give it quite a unique sound amongst the soundtrack, it wouldn’t sound out of place on The Chronic or Regulate… G Funk Era. The wavy synths and sharp base with the fast tempo give it an almost garage feel too, definitely not a sound for everyone but I think it does a good job at sounding very ethereal and space like
As for lyrics, this seems to be a turning point for Knuckles as a loner:
“Took a shuttle to space and left from our homes At least we're with friends and I'm not all alone”
Knuckles is in a completely foreign environment and feels completely out of his depth, however he feels comforted by the fact that he’s surrounded by the people he’s finally started to call his Friends, the first time he’s admitted such.
He’s forced now to acknowledge that he can’t do everything by himself, and that asking for help from his friends doesn’t make him any less of a man, he finally accepts that he can trust outsiders, but he still has a ways to go.
“Bad thing was that the Emeralds spilled - Gotta search space, man, time to get ill”
Still, Knuckles is bound and almost blinded by his duty, forcing himself to abandon his friends to search for the Master Emerald pieces that were scattered in space.
It’s clear now that Knuckles isn’t too happy to leave his friends, but as we’ve come to know him, he does the typical Knuckles thing of pushing his feelings to the side in the face of doing what he believes is right. This just tells us Knuckles still has a lot to work on before he can really come to terms with who he is.
Again, a pretty unconventional track so it can be an awkward listen and definitely not my favorite on the list, but it does something unique which I can definitely give it props for, Hunnid P even has a completely different flow, dragging out his words like he’s getting further away, hammering home that space theme.

CONCLUSION

And that’s it, if you made it this far through my long winded ramblings, then I’m extremely impressed 😂 I tried to trim the fat as best I could but I ended up getting a bit too attached to most of what I wrote
Honestly I feel like these songs have been unfairly painted as the silly crappy Knuckles rap songs with bad lyrics that are only good because of their instrumentals, and I just can’t agree with that.
I feel like in a lot of ways these songs do a much better job of characterizing Knuckles than SA1 or SA2, I really wish we got see more of his inner turmoil and him butting heads with Sonic in the game itself.
I think it’s a sad thought that for a long time, Knuckles has been a shadow of his former self (Har har) and has just been relegated to the token meathead that’s about as one dimensional as a square. Frontiers is definitely a step in the right direction and I’m excited to see what the new writing team can cook up with for his character.
But what are your thoughts though? Do you agree? Disagree? Did I manage to change your mind or have you always felt this way? Maybe you have a different take or something else to add? I’d love to hear it.
ML

I’ve been learning Korean for almost 5 years now and I’ve been studying it in uni for three years. But I feel like I’ve hit a wall with my learning. There’s soooo much vocab to learn and it’s so overwhelming and I’m so bad at remembering vocab. Also, even when I do learn new stuff I feel like I don’t use it so I just forget it. The same goes for grammar, I can’t remember it. I think it’s because with Uni I don’t really have time to actually learn Korean (ironic) like I used to. I have improved my Korean in uni but I’ve started falling behind a lot. I’ve worked and lived in Korea for a bit (but everyone just spoke to me in English). But when I speak with people I feel like I’m just stuck at beginner level because I just use the same basic grammar and vocabulary over and over again. Anyways, if anyone has any tips to getting back on track or getting out of a learning slump that would be amazing! Thank you~

I don't really know what i'm looking for here. Advice? but also trying to find a way to write this down without it all seeming absolutely mental.
My father (55) has been an alcoholic for as long as i can remember. Growing up there has been more than one occasion me and my mum have fled to a hotel overnight or went and lived with my nan for a number of weeks before my dad would come begging for my mum (52) to come back (spoiler: she did). When I was 12 he pushed my mother into the fireplace and broke her arm. I remember being told we had to tell everyone that the dog did it running into her. It was always seemingly perfectly timed around some sort of important event (e.g the night before i had my first a level exam). I could list off things that have happened but we'd be here all night so i'll skip ahead. My mother never left him.
Back then he was what you would call a high functioning alcoholic. Binged Friday, Saturday and sometimes Sunday night but maintain the normal work week life. My mum would say he was a different person in the weekdays, on the weekdays he was David, and on the weekends he was 'Dave'. Over the years hes got worse but since the pandemic he has sunk so low that I didn't know it was possible without a body failing. He is his own boss now in his company and so with that mixed with work from home he will be binge drinking almost every night. When he drinks he is incredibly abusive to my mother. He will send her abusive text messages when she has excused herself to bed early. He has blocked her cards before when she goes out grocery shopping in order to embarrass her. He hides her items around the house. Broke her phone multiple times so she cannot contact me.
Just before the pandemic he convinced her to move away from her family to a new city 2 hours away (alot for uk) I'm now 28 living in Norway with a family of my own. I didn't set out to move to a different country but it has led to my mother being even further isolated. When we visited 2 summers ago and i was pregnant I walked in on him holding a knife to my mums throat in the kitchen and when I got him off her he tried to attack me (all was okay but incredibly scary). Ever since this i have been recording incidents down as they happen and sending them to myself so I have the memories as they were at the time incase i need it in the future.
I tried to get my mum to call the police and she is just too scared to do it. She is scared if she finds somewhere to go she will not be able to to take her dogs with her (2 golden retrievers) and they truly are her babies. He has also been working on her to tell her she is the abusive one, not him and that's where i lead to.
I talk to my mum on the phone almost everyday around 8pm so she can talk to her grandson a little and we talk about how things are. the last few days shes been telling me about my dads recent ailments. a few days ago he fell down the stairs from drinking and has smashed his shoulder in and needs an x-ray. He has turned this into saying my mother did it to him and she is abusing him. Last night he went out to get more alcohol and the bag with his red wine broke and smashed on the floor, he stood on it and got a deep cut on his foot. Now he is saying my mother has also done this to him,
Today I get a message on my phone from him telling me that he is filing for divorce from my mother on the grounds of physical abusive.... that she will get no money and its what best. she thinks he is clever enough that he will be able to pull this off...
I just can't believe the audacity of this man, but i'm also really scared for my mum. In my honest opinion he needs sectioning.
I wonder if anyone has been through anything similar with an abusive partner and have any outcomes they can share with me?
tldr: my abusive father is filing for divorce against my mother and saying she is the abusive one. She thinks he will be able to convince people of this and she will end up with nothing. How can i help her?

alright os about 2 weeks ago my pc just randomly restarted, no BSOD, no nothing except a whea log event 18. this has happened another 2 times so far, im trying to figure out what the problem is but im stumped. ive done sfc, dism ran a memtest. stresstested my CPU and GPU but i have no idea
im thinking its either the CPU or the PSU but no idea.
from hwmonitor
cpu voltages VDD 0.975 min, 1.394 max
SoC 0.969 min, 0.975 max
VID 1.000 min, 1.4 max
im running a Ryzen 7 5700x, msi rtx 3060 ventus oc 12g, G.Skill Aegis F4-3200C16D-32GIS ddr4 ram, Asus ROG STRIX B550-F GAMING
added here is the whea log
A fatal hardware error has occurred.
Reported by component: Processor Core
Error Source: Machine Check Exception
Error Type: Bus/Interconnect Error
Processor APIC ID: 0
System
Name[ ] Guid[ ] - Provider Microsoft-Windows-WHEA-Logger {c26c4f3c-3f66-4e99-8f8a-39405cfed220}
EventID 18
Version 0
Level 2
Task 0
Opcode 0
Keywords 0x8000000000000000
SystemTime[ ] - TimeCreated 2024-05-14T20:48:20.0814778Z
EventRecordID 67751
ActivityID[ ] - Correlation {b6c21cb0-ad5a-45dc-a5d7-36672bca5199}
ProcessID[ ] ThreadID[ ] - Execution 3920 4364
Channel System
Computer DESKTOP-VUEAD25
UserID[ ] - Security S-1-5-19
**-EventData**
ErrorSource3
ApicId0
MCABank1
MciStat0xbaa00000060e0809
MciAddr0x0
MciMisc0xd01a0ffe00000000
ErrorType10
TransactionType256
Participation0
RequestType0
MemorIO2
MemHierarchyLvl1
Timeout0
OperationType256
Channel256
Length936System - Provider [ Name] Microsoft-Windows-WHEA-Logger [ Guid] {c26c4f3c-3f66-4e99-8f8a-39405cfed220} EventID 18 Version 0 Level 2 Task 0 Opcode 0 Keywords 0x8000000000000000 - TimeCreated [ SystemTime] 2024-05-14T20:48:20.0814778Z EventRecordID 67751 - Correlation [ ActivityID] {b6c21cb0-ad5a-45dc-a5d7-36672bca5199} - Execution [ ProcessID] 3920 [ ThreadID] 4364 Channel System Computer DESKTOP-VUEAD25 - Security [ UserID] S-1-5-19- EventData ErrorSource 3 ApicId 0 MCABank 1 MciStat 0xbaa00000060e0809 MciAddr 0x0 MciMisc 0xd01a0ffe00000000 ErrorType 10 TransactionType 256 Participation 0 RequestType 0 MemorIO 2 MemHierarchyLvl 1 Timeout 0 OperationType 256 Channel 256 Length 936

To explain myself: I'm working on a rules-light TTRPG in which the PCs are AI constructs ("Sparks") that reside in mechanical or bio-mechanical bodies ("chassis"). The system is fairly high lethality (along the lines of old-school D&D); the trick is that when a PC's chassis is destroyed, the Spark can be recovered and placed in a new (randomly-generated) chassis. Thus, the PCs' Sparks persist and grow stronger, even as their chassis and equipment come and go.
My current headache comes from figuring out how to support this mechanically. Some approaches I've considered so far:

• Sparks have "mental" stats and chassis have "physical" stats. Challenges: how to handle progression, since mental stats will slowly increase as the Spark levels, but physical stats will reset every time the chassis is destroyed? How to scale mental and physical stats against each other?
• Sparks have "approach" stats (e.g., forceful/stylish/patient), chassis have "capability" stats (e.g. durability/maneuverability/sensors/systems), rolls combine approach + capability. Challenges: how to make sure that rolls don't always end up with specific combinations of stats (e.g. stylish+maneuverability for dodging or patient+sensors for recon)?
• Sparks have numerical stats, chassis have qualitative descriptors (e.g., "bulky", "fast") that influence position, effect, and what types of actions can be attempted. Challenges: how to support GMs in making judgment calls based on descriptors? How to ensure that PCs' increasing capabilities as they level are represented mechanically (a la to-hit rolls in old-school D&D), not dependent on GM to make a judgment call?
• Just say screw it and make a Knave hack. Sparks have INT/WIS/CHA, chassis have STDEX/CON, HP = Hull Points, &c. This might actually have some legs, since I'm already adapting the equipment/slot system from Knave (a chassis is the sum of its parts, after all)...

I would love any thoughts/insights/suggestions y'all care to offer on these points, and am happy to give more details on my system and my goals for it!

So ive completed SE9 working on 10, and im not sure if im doing something wrong here. Im about 4 days into this run, and im making 2.1e53 cubes/min and i need 4e60 to finish this run. in ~20 hours ive gotten up to 2e56, so its safe to say im a long ways from finishing this run(calculator says 37 years lol)
Im following the perk guide so i switched to the yellow perk path this run getting up to y7. Ive got my gpoint multipliers up to 128, and from the crystal 1 timers ive bought egetarium, city of tomorrow, all particle bundle, g point bundle, and the alpha bundle.
Ive completed ~3600 tasks so i have all the bonuses from there. Im level 77, so i redid my talents to pickup particle mastery(385% to all particles). Ive leveled up all the important companions as far as i can at this point- morale bonus, all particle bonus, future artifact amount, artifact cost, and the purple epsilon/futuresolutions/DC.
Ive got all the corvus funding done thats reasonably within range, and ive done 37 extractions. Ive maxed out every infinity multiplier i have(8/8 all the way down including gamma). There is no dc milestones or research in range thats going to boost me. ive got like 20k in infinity multipliers, doing all the tier 1 and 2 amplifiers i can.
anything ive forgotten here thats got me so stuck?

During the preshow, we see a confrontation in the back, General Manager Nick Aldis in his office when The Bullet Club (Cody, Finn, and AJ) all storm in
AJ: Why the hell are we not on the pay per view? We are the biggest stars you got
Cody: There better be a damn good reason you are not giving us any opportunities that we deserve
Finn: Aldis you do NOT want to cross us, that will make your job very... very difficult
Aldis stands up from his desk looking at all 3 men
Aldis: Gentlemen you are not on the show because well... you didn't earn it, now I suggest you remove yourselves from my office
All 3 men appear very angry with the answer but storm out
__________
WWE CHAMPIONSHIP
Carmelo Hayes(c) vs Karrion Kross w/Jake Roberts
Results: These 2 men are wanting to steal the show right off the bat, both coming close to victory several times, in the end Melo hits the Nothing But Net to pick up the win and retain his championship
Winner: Carmelo Hayes
After the match, Jake Roberts gets in the ring to help Kross, Kross frustrated pulls away from Jake, suddenly Kross pulls jake into DDT position and levels him with a vicious DDT.
Kross leaves the ring and as he reaches the ramp Scarlett walks out to join him, as she rejoins him as his manager
__________
Women's Tag Team Championship
Cora Jade & Roxanne Perez(c) vs The IIconics
Results: In just a short time, these 2 teams already do not like each other and go right at it, brawling in and out of the ring before the referee finally gets order in the match. After some back and forth, in the end Cora Jade picks up the pin over Billie Kay to retain the tag team titles
Winners: Cora Jade & Roxanne Perez
__________
Intercontinental Championship Street Fight
Swerve Strickland(c) vs Sammy Guevara w/ Tay Melo
Results: These 2 men waste no time getting the weapons out, lots of back and forth with various weapons, at one point Tay Melo gets involved lowblowing Swerve giving Sammy control. Sammy going for the big finish puts Swerve on a table in the ring and sets up a massive ladder, climbing to the top Sammy goes for a Swanton but Swerve moves sending Sammy crashing through the table. Swerve picks Sammy up and delivers Space Jam and covers Sammy for the win
Winner: Swerve Strickland
__________
WWE Tag Team Championship
Drew Mcintyre & Sheamus(c) vs War Machine
Results: There is nothing pretty in this match, just 4 big men brawling and hitting each other hard, in the closing moments Sheamus goes for a Brogue kick but Hanson ducks and Sheamus kicks Drew. War Machine then hit Sheamus with Fallout and pick up the win
Winners: New Tag Team Champions War Machine
__________
Women's Intercontinental Championship Tournament FInals
Giulia vs Liv Morgan w/Dominik Mysterio
Results: Giulia spends the majority of the match in control, showing her experience and skill, closing in on the end, Giulia hits her finisher and just as the referee is about to count 3 Dominik pulls the referee out of the ring. The ref throws Dominik out, as the crowd is cheering, back in the ring Liv out of nowhere hits Giulia with ObLIVion, and picks up the sneaky victory to win.
Winner: Inaugural Women's Intercontinental Champion Liv Morgan
__________
After this match we suddenly cut backstage to chaos as officials run around, the camera pans into Nick Aldis' office where it is completely trashed and Aldis is laid out on the floor unconscious. Officials yelling for the doctor and asking if anyone saw anything
__________
MAIN EVENT
The Bloodline vs Trick Williams, Wes Lee & The Von Erichs
Results: The referee makes it clear early on to keep things under control, and for awhile this is the case, both teams sticking to the rules, but it eventually breaks down leading to all 8 men brawling, back in the ring we have the 2 legal men in Jacob Fatu & Wes Lee, Jacob delivers his impressive Moonsault and picks up the win
Winners: The Bloodline
The Bloodline is not done, as they continue to attack their 4 opponents. they put each of the Von Erichs on an announce table, and the G.o.D each climb a turnbuckle and deliver matching splashes through the tables. Jacob Fatu spears Trick Williams through the announce table. And in the ring Solo hits Wes Lee with a Samoan Spike.
As Solo is picking up Wes Lee to deliver another Samoan Spike, suddenly around the arena we hear something familiar "Sierra, Hotel, India, Echo, Lima, Delta" and the crowd goes nuts, the camera pans all around the arena until finally up in the crowd on a staircase we see Roman Reigns who has been gone since Wrestlemania, but then behind him step up the returning Seth Rollins & Dean Ambrose, all 3 men dressed in their signature Shield gear as they make their way down the stairs. The 3 stars jump the barricade, as they do the camera zooms out to show the Bloodline has left the ring and is now standing up on the stage.
Backlash ends with The Bloodline on the stage staring down at The Shield now standing in the ring, and the crowd chanting 'Holy Shit'

The LOC-IV is one of the ADVANCED SERIES of kits, which include factory pre-slotted airframe and through-the-wall fin construction, Now including payload section! The LOC IV has been the best selling kit in our history (perhaps all of high power history as well) Recently upgraded to 38mm motor mount and to-the-motor mount construction, this kit is the perfect Level 1 certification rocket kit. You can even park fly it well on F and G motors with the optional MMA-2 motor adapter. As evolution would have it, this 4-inch LOC-IV rocket kit now sports a 23" booster section and 11" payload for optional dual deployment set up.

Curious if anyone in this subreddit takes L-Leucine and has noticed a change in recovery time windows during a prolonged period of strength training. My background is amateur level endurance sports, I would say my strength and endurance are moderate. After doing some reading into muscle protein synthesis I decided to try taking L-Leucine isolate (5 g daily) for the next few months to determine whether I notice any heuristic improvements in my recovery period, or quantitatively measurable improvements such as increased failure threshold on latter days of consecutive muscle group focus.
I do not currently log my lifts intensively other than recording my 1 rep maxes with photos, which allows me to roughly estimate when it would be logical to attempt a higher 1 rep max. Although I am satisfied with my strength level, I have not been lifting consistently enough the past few years to take a more rigorous approach to documenting how this supplement change will impact me. I know the decision to take creatine gave me a large noticeable boost in lifting capacity and am wondering how much L-Leucine will qualitatively feel helpful to recovery. That's all, thanks or reading

Halts Of Today , and keep Rising ! Go understanding !

Market-Wide Circuit Breakers

Market-wide circuit breakers are important, automatic mechanisms invoked if markets experience extreme broad-based declines. They are designed to slow the effects of extreme price movement through coordinated trading halts across securities markets when severe price declines reach levels that may exhaust market liquidity.
Market-wide circuit breakers may result in a temporary trading halt, or under extreme circumstances, close the markets before the normal close of the trading session.

• They provide for trading halts in all equities and options markets during a severe market decline as measured by a single-day decline in the S&P 500 Index.
• A market-wide trading halt can be triggered if the S&P 500 Index declines in price as compared to the prior day’s closing price of that index. The triggers have been set by the markets at three circuit breaker thresholds—7% (Level 1), 13% (Level 2), and 20% (Level 3).
• A market decline that triggers a Level 1 or Level 2 circuit breaker after 9:30 a.m. ET and before 3:25 p.m. ET will halt market-wide trading for 15 minutes, while a similar market decline at or after 3:25 p.m. ET will not halt market-wide trading.
• A market decline that triggers a Level 3 circuit breaker, at any time during the trading day, will halt market-wide trading for the remainder of the trading day.

Limit Up-Limit Down

Limit Up-Limit Down (LULD) is a mechanism designed to mitigate extraordinary market volatility and extreme price movements in individual securities. LULD prevents trades in individual securities from occurring outside specific price bands that update continuously throughout the trading day.
The price bands for each security are set at a percentage level above and below a reference price (generally the average trade price over the immediately preceding five-minute period).

How LULD works

• Every security has an upper and lower price band with the reference price as the mid-point. If an offer reaches the lower price band or a bid reaches the upper price band that stock will enter a limit state (a pause) for 15 seconds.
• That security can exit that Limit State if, within 15 seconds, all quotations at the band are executed or canceled in their entirety.
• If the market does not exit a Limit State within 15 seconds, the Primary Listing Exchange declares a five-minute Trading Pause, which halts trading on all exchanges and off-exchange trading venues where that security is traded.
• If the Primary Listing Exchange is unable to re-open under its auction rules at the end of five minutes (e.g., market order imbalance remaining or pair-off is outside its auction collar bands), the Trading Pause is extended in five minute segments until the Primary Listing Exchange is able to open with a trade or quotation.
• Trading will not resume without price bands.

Primary Listing Exchanges that run electronic re-opening auctions have amended their automated auction trading rules to provide for harmonized procedures for extending the Trading Pause and a concurrent widening of their auction price collars every five minutes.Market-Wide Circuit Breakers
Market-wide circuit breakers are important, automatic mechanisms invoked if markets experience extreme broad-based declines. They are designed to slow the effects of extreme price movement through coordinated trading halts across securities markets when severe price declines reach levels that may exhaust market liquidity.
Market-wide circuit breakers may result in a temporary trading halt, or under extreme circumstances, close the markets before the normal close of the trading session.

• They provide for trading halts in all equities and options markets during a severe market decline as measured by a single-day decline in the S&P 500 Index.
• A market-wide trading halt can be triggered if the S&P 500 Index declines in price as compared to the prior day’s closing price of that index. The triggers have been set by the markets at three circuit breaker thresholds—7% (Level 1), 13% (Level 2), and 20% (Level 3).
• A market decline that triggers a Level 1 or Level 2 circuit breaker after 9:30 a.m. ET and before 3:25 p.m. ET will halt market-wide trading for 15 minutes, while a similar market decline at or after 3:25 p.m. ET will not halt market-wide trading.
• A market decline that triggers a Level 3 circuit breaker, at any time during the trading day, will halt market-wide trading for the remainder of the trading day.

Halts Of Today , and keep Rising ! Go !

GME (GameStop Corp. Class A)

No.	Halt Date	Halt Time	Symbol	Exchange	Reason	NYSE Resume Time
1	2024-05-14	14:24:05	GME	NYSE	LULD pause	14:29:06
2	2024-05-14	14:13:33	GME	NYSE	LULD pause	14:18:33
3	2024-05-14	13:31:48	GME	NYSE	LULD pause	13:36:48
4	2024-05-14	13:22:04	GME	NYSE	LULD pause	13:27:07
5	2024-05-14	13:11:42	GME	NYSE	LULD pause	13:16:53
6	2024-05-14	13:03:56	GME	NYSE	LULD pause	13:10:02
7	2024-05-14	12:53:46	GME	NYSE	LULD pause	12:58:46
8	2024-05-14	12:46:04	GME	NYSE	LULD pause	12:51:04
9	2024-05-14	11:01:16	GME	NYSE	LULD pause	11:06:16
10	2024-05-14	10:21:24	GME	NYSE	LULD pause	10:26:24
11	2024-05-14	09:58:25	GME	NYSE	LULD pause	10:03:25
12	2024-05-14	09:52:05	GME	NYSE	LULD pause	09:57:21
13	2024-05-14	09:50:47	GME	NYSE	LULD pause	09:55:47
14	2024-05-14	09:36:05	GME	NYSE	LULD pause	09:41:16
15	2024-05-14	09:42:12	GME	NYSE	LULD pause	09:47:12
16	2024-05-14	09:31:49	GME	NYSE	LULD pause	09:36:54
17	2024-05-14	09:30:28	GME	NYSE	LULD pause	09:35:34

Knuckles the Echidna

"I am the last guardian of Angel Island. I will protect the Master Emerald. And I will do it alone if I have to."

To make a very long, complicated, and confusing story short, Knuckles the Echidna is the Guardian of the mythical Master Emerald and protector of the floating Angel Island (interchangeably called the Floating Island). He comes from a long line of Guardians, each serving as Guardian before him. Before his birth, his father, Locke, saw a dream he thought of as prophetic, and prepared his unborn baby with the power to handle his future responsibility...by blasting his egg with Chaos radiation, granting Knuckles his spiked fists and an aptitude for Chaos Energy manipulation.
Knuckles would go through many hardships throughout his life: His father's death, discovering his home then watching its destruction, and his endless fight against Dr. Eggman and the forces of the Dark Legion. Knuckles would even die and be brought back to life. However hard the going gets, though, Knuckles always manages to recover and hit harder. He's not just rougher than the rest of them; he's the best of them.

Section Key: I. Strength II. Speed/Agility III. Durability IV. Chaos Power V. Other VI. Hyper Knuckles VII. Chaos Knuckles Source Key: Knuckles' Chaotix - Chaotix Knuckles the Echidna - KtE# Sonic and Knuckles - S&K Sonic's Friendly Nemesis, Knuckles Miniseries - Nem# Sonic Quest - Quest# Sonic the Hedgehog (1993) - StC# Sonic the Hedgehog Free Comic Book Day - FCD# Sonic the Hedgehog Triple Trouble - Triple Sonic Super Special - Spe# Sonic Universe - SU# Sonic vs. Knuckles - SvK Super Sonic vs. Hyper Knuckles - SSvHK 

Feats are posted in chronological order.

For additional context on some feats, see a map of Angel Island here.

To see his feats during his time as the Enerjak, see here (Respect Thread by theusjshjdhdne)

I. Strength

Striking

• Breaks a fake Chaos Emerald.
• Breaks down a brick wall in one punch.
• Knocks out Fang with one punch.
• Destroys Metal Sonic in one blow when they’re both at a giant size.
• Brawls with Enerjak.
• Punches a hole in a giant machine.
• Brawls with Sonic until they’re both exhausted.
• Rams through a large metal robot.
• Breaks through an indeterminate amount of stone.
• Punches Sonic so hard Sally worries that Knuckles could have knocked Sonic’s head off.
• Shatters a few Egg Grapes.
• Punches Finivetus hard enough for him to bounce.
• Punches a sturdy trap wall hard enough to climb up it.
• Clashes fists against Finitevus hard enough to cause a shockwave.
• Punches the ground enough to crack it and create smoke.

Lifting/Grabbing

• While Perfect Chaos is flooding a city and Knuckles is in this water, he lifts a heavy generator that powers the entire city.
• Restrains an out-of-control Bunnie alongside Mighty and Vector.
• Catches a giant drill and prevents its rotation.
• Holds up rubble alongside Amy to prevent a cave-in.
• Snaps off an arm of the Egg Beater with Vector’s help.
• Grabs Finivetus by his cape and slams him into a wall hard enough to crack it.

Throwing

• Throws a dingo from one room to another to hit another dingo.
• Tosses Sonic above cloud level.
• Throws Thrash through a stone wall.

Other

• Anchors himself with his spikes during a tornado.
• Easily cuts a tree with ease.
• Powers through Thrash’s screams.

II. Speed/Agility

Combat/Evasion

• Evades falling boulders.
• Dodges a lot of traps completely unscathed including machine guns.
• Spins in a cyclone fast enough to throw a biker gang into the distance.
• Dodges a laser.
• Dodges a robot’s mace.
• Keeps up with Sonic going all-out pretty handily, at one point holding him down.
• Dodges multiple close-proximity lasers.
• Dodges Espio’s kunai in very close range.

Movement

• Speeds from near the outside of Angel Island to a distant mountain.
• Swims from the deepest point of the ocean floor to the surface before he loses oxygen, only not succeeding due to outside interference.
• Outruns a blast that quickly engulfs the Floating Island, only being hit when he reaches the end of the island. Out of everyone on the island, Knuckles is the only one able to outrun the blast and even reacts fast enough to throw a Dark Legion member into the blast before he starts actually running.
• Hops over a fence.
• Hops from one floating vehicle to another.

Gliding

• Can glide above the trees even in turbulent winds.
• For some reason his gliding works by using his dreadlocks???
• Okay, that isn't gliding, that's just flying, Knuckles.
• Can glide (fly) high enough to be significantly above Angel Island.

Other

• Swapped emeralds without Sonic and Eggman noticing.
• Able to keep balance on an Extreme Gear while grappling with Storm.

III. Durability

Blunt

• Struck by Sonic going at full speed.
• Bonked by Sonic hitting him with an entire tree.
• Hurt but able to handle being surprise attacked by Espio, Vector, and Mighty in succession.
• Tanks blows from Enerjak whose raw strength is stated to dwarf Knuckles’.
• Shot down by a giant laser.
• Takes a few blows from an alternate (Irish) version of himself.
• Hit by Sonic hard enough to create a hole in Castle Acorn.
• Launched into a wall by Thrash’s scream.
• Blasted repeatedly by Thrash’s screams, visibly no worse for wear.

Energy/Fire/Electricity

• Blasted by Enerjak.
• Gets the inside of his mouth burnt by Archimedes.
• Zapped by Enerjak.
• Hurt but generally fine after being splashed by lava.
• Tanks the edge of a blast that engulfed a large chunk of the Floating Island, still has enough energy to drag himself out of the ocean onto a piece of debris though he falls unconscious for twelve hours.
• Takes some hits from dingo goons armed with electric weapons.

Other

• Harmed but unfazed by getting drained by the energy siphon used on the Master Emerald that allows the Floating Island to stay, well, afloat.
• Seemingly unaffected by the pressure caused from being inside the very bottom of an ocean aside, more so worried about having no oxygen.
• Only worried about the cold while 30,000 meters above the already cloud level floating island.
• Is the first to regain consciousness after a crash.
• Crushed by a mechanical lobster.
• Gets caught in an avalanche, recovers quickly.

IV. Chaos Power

For a period during his conflicts with the Dark Legion, his latent Chaos power increased with time until an explosion would turn his skin green and properly transform him into Chaos Knuckles, losing his powers when he later died and revived. He didn't rekindle his powers until a conflict with Dr. Finivetus reawakened his latent abilities.
Knuckles usually doesn't use these abilities, but can break them out again when necessary.

Offensive

• Dismantles a machine on his neck then blasts Hunter into unconsciousness.
• Clashes with Finivetus hard enough to create a huge sphere of energy on Angel Island.

Non-Offensive

• Passively regenerates from a splash of lava.
• Creates a portal from Mobius’ surface to Angel Island.
• Flies with his eyes closed and “sees” his surroundings with help from the Guiding Star Gem.
• Either doesn’t register on an infrared sensor or genuinely has no body heat.
• Throws a few Chaos Spears.

Energy Generation

• Called a living Chaos Emerald as he projects a message to a fellow Guardian in an entirely different Zone; later corroborated by an examination performed by the Dark Legion.
• Generates enough natural power to overload a power system that winds up blowing up a complex and is implied to radiate enough energy after 15 minutes to be akin to nuclear fallout.

V. Other

• Can tell where Espio is even when he’s invisible.
• Carries a laser gun that destroys a door he cannot with brawn.
• Has the worst family tree.
• Called in by Sally to fight Sonic all-out on his level while Sonic is mind-controlled, Knuckles appearing right after Sonic wipes the floor with both the Freedom Fighters and Chaotix.
• Holds the Guiding Star, an artifact that creates a magical transport back to Angel Island from any place.
• Holds a Warp Ring which allows him to teleport to any location he sets his mind to.
• Resists Finivetus’ hypnotization.

VI. Hyper Knuckles

Also referred to as Super Knuckles, this form occurs when Knuckles absorbs sufficient Chaos Energy from the Chaos Emeralds, the Master Emerald, or a similarly potent source. With the power, he has the ability to take on powerful foes like Super Sonic and Master Mogul.

Strength

• Described as “a thousand times stronger” than usual.
• Tears apart reality fighting Super Sonic, destroying the Zone they fight in.
• Alongside Super Sonic, punches Master Mogul through buildings.
• Breaks the top of a mountain then throws Hunter across Angel Island.

Speed

• Keeps up with Super Sonic.
• Described as moving at “incalculable speeds”.

Durability

• Takes hits from Super Sonic.
• Tanks the Zone-busting clash between himself and Super Sonic but reverts back to normal.
• Completely ignores Chaos energy that was hurting him at base form.

Chaos Power

• Unleashes a surge of power that ends the war between the echidnas and dingoes.

VII. Chaos Knuckles

Due to Knuckles' father microwaving the baby imbuing Knuckles' egg with Chaos radiation, Knuckles' own Chaos energy grew until achieving the god-like Chaos Knuckles form, becoming closer to a living Chaos Emerald than an echidna. During his time as Chaos Knuckles, he was one of the most powerful beings in the multiverse if not the strongest outright, or at least stronger than Turbo Tails and Dimitri as the Enerjak. However, his grasp of his powers was questionable at best and uncontrollable at worst, which would eventually lead to his demise.

Strength

• Bops Tails on the head.
• Beats Turbo Tails unconscious in a short fight.

Speed

• Unleashes a blast of energy before Tails can react, though he wasn’t in control of his actions.
• Keeps up with Turbo Tails.

Durability

• Stands undamaged in an epicenter of an explosion that knocked out multiple people including a Roboticized Mobian.
• Endures being siphoned of his energy until Charmy and Saffron free him.
• Surprise attacked by Turbo Tails.
• Tanks blows from Turbo Tails.
• Makes the scenario of Angel Island crashing and/or blowing up from Chaos energy nonlethal by taking the brunt of it himself; also a Chaos Power feat.
• Undamaged from a shot to the head that would have killed base Knuckles.

Chaos Power

Offensive

• Paralyzes a Roboticized Mobian.
• A shout throws around everybody surrounding him and teleports them to various places across the world.
• Unleashes a “tidal wave” of energy.
• An energy blast goes straight through Angel Island with the debris knocking out Tails.
• An optic laser harms Turbo Tails.
• Shoots down a meteor that would have destroyed the city of Echidnaopolis.
• [Limit] Blows himself up and dies saving Dimitri and destroying Mogul’s Chaos Siphon, ascending to a higher plane of existence in the Chaos Force (temporarily).

Non-Offensive

• Warps through time and space on accident; later does so on purpose.
• Teleports through time and space to Dimitri’s ship which moves at Mach 5.
• Detects the death of two echidna who crashed into the ship he is on.
• Read someone’s mind, though at the time he wasn’t sure how to do so consciously.
• Sends a telepathic message and projection of himself to his father across the Floating Island.
• Stops his heart to play dead.
• Heals somebody from critical condition.

Reality Warping

• Unconsciously warps reality on a fundamental scale, changing reality to different versions of itself: First to one resembling the OVA, then a reality without the Dark Legion, then a reality resembling SatAM, then to a reality where Sally is dead, finally to reality as it once was. Notably, both Sonic and Sally had full awareness of the changes during the changes, and everyone else had full awareness only after the fact.
• [Limit] Can’t stop events that would be inevitable through multiple methods such as Echidnaopolis’ destruction or the failure of Dimitri’s plan in the past.
• Manipulates time on an island-wide level to restore Angel Island to its original state before its inhabitants were teleported to another Zone.
• Creates flowers.
• Ejects himself from the Chaos Force and revives himself, but loses access to his powers.
• In one version of the future, warps the entirety of Mobius to his whim.

Characters Used for Scaling (all pre-Super Genesis Wave):

• Dimitri the Echidna.
• Dr. Finitevus.
• Egg Beater, Respect Thread by Proletlariet.
• Enerjak (as Dimitri), Respect Thread by theusjshjdhdne.
• Espio the Chameleon.
• Metal Sonic.
• Mighty the Armadillo, Respect Thread by theusjshjdhdne.
• Sonic the Hedgehog, Respect Thread by 76SUP and Joshless.
• Thrash the Tasmanian Devil.
• Vector the Crocodile.
• Tails the Fox.