So to start, when I play HC I have my system, and I use it. I have a West Coast Zone Block Scheme playbook I created using Mike Shanahan's as a base, and throughout the years that is what I've ran. Updating it from time to time, but the fundamental core of my playbook was 25-30 runs a game with a work horse RB, zone stretch plays in singleback or Near, setting up the play action boot rollout. And for the last 8 or 9 years, It's the only offense I've used. Until this weekend.
This last weekend I was drinking my morning Coffee watching broncos press conference about bo nix, and at the end of the interview YT recommended me the 2006 Rose bowl game, Texas vs USC. (The greatest college football game of all time) as I watched the game on my iPad, inspiration hit me & dusted off my PS3.
For the First time ever in HC I created a College offense. As my Base playbook I used Michigan spread, Knowing how dominant Hammermill is, I decided to use his simple 75 play playbook. I added a single back two TE set to his book, about 15-20 plays in this formation, and added some shotgun passes as well. In total my playbook is 115 plays, which in contrast is rather limited compared to my 160 play westcoast book.
My defense is typically a 3-4 man pressure based off of Wade Phillips playbook. As a Broncos fan, when I play HC I try to recreate the two best era's of Denver Broncos football. Mike Shanahan's offense with Wade Phillips no fly zone defense. In the theme of new-to-me-playstyle, I used the 3-3-5 Mustang and added 14 plays in a 3-4 front. 89 plays total, The 3-3-5 is completely foreign to me, but I did know it requires 2 strong safeties and a single high free safety that is a true centerfielder. the 3 down lineman need to be big & strong, essentially 3 nose tackles
I like to create back stories to my coach, as much as Madden and Head Coach are Football games, to me I play them Like an RPG as well. where did my coach come from, what is his background and how did he become a head coach. etc
"Dom Mastroianni aka 'the Maestro' is a Guru, specializing in getting the best out of his players. He took Ole Miss on a miraculous run in the SEC. Not exactly a mad genius on either side of the ball, his specialty is helping his players maximize their potential. Leader of Men and Motivator."
With my playbooks & lore set, I I took over the 49ers, A team I've never used before. My 50k coach points were to be saved until just before the preseason, where I'd buy Charm > Motivator and have 5k left over to put into performance. as part of my lore after acquiring motivator, I will max out performance to level 4 before buying other skills.
My first move as head coach was to trade for Vince Young & Reggie Bush, two guys who I hoped would become stud's in Hammermills playbook. Coupled with me watching the 2006 rose bowl and rush to motivator on my skill tree, I felt good about what these two could do. No other trades were made. I signed Free agent Eugene Wilson & Stacey Andrews.
As the draft came along, I wanted to target guys who were extreme athletes and use the potential boost of motivator to increase their intangibles and overall ability. Since I was using motivator so early, I gave up most of my 2009 draft to collect players who had great combines and measurables, I wanted to have 8 or 9 very solid picks and turn these players into superstars and maximize their potential.
My Draft went as followed
Limas Sweed, VY's teammate at the university of Texas - 1st Round
Martellius Bennet TE - 2nd Round
Desean Jackson WR - 2nd Round
John Greco RT - 3rd Round
Tom Zibikowski SS - 3rd Round
David hale LG - 4th Round
Zack Bowman CB - 4th Round
Steven Justice C - 5th Round
Peyton Hillis FB - 5th Round
Hank Smithers DT - 6th Round
Frank Okam DT (converted LE) - 6th Round
Darrell LongBottom DT - 7th Round
Sweed, Bennet, and Zibikowski are 3 guys I never draft. But sweed is 6'5 and with his potential boost he can reach a 99 speed, 95 catching. His injury rating is still bad, but not as bad. Zibikowski and bennet had similar changes, bennet is now a 96 potential speed with his 6'7 frame. a matchup nightmare. between him and vernon davis's measurables there isnt a single linebacker who can matchup with them.
The preseason was just as much me learning the playbook as they players. My first regular season game was a nail bitter, 37-34 victory over the cardinals that came down to the wire. Vince young finished 22-31 with 345 passing yards and 4 TD's. Reggie Bush 13 Attempts 74 yards, 2 catches 28 yards and 93 return yards. I wrapped up my season last night and went 8-8. My typical first years are 10 - 12 wins and playoff birth.
But the new challenge of learning both a defense and offense playbook with entirely new players has been a shot in the arm for me. The most fun i've had playing this game in a long while. I apologize about the long blog post, & if you made it this far thanks for reading. I've got a firm grasp on the michigan spread offense which features alot of option plays & overall I'm very excited for the start of this next season.

There have been an increasing number of juniors visiting this sub asking for advice about writing essays. Below are some tips and advice for making your essay stand out as excellent. Feel free to ask questions because I will answer every single question in the comments.
I know from experience that many of you are struggling to identify a good topic for your essay. Conventional wisdom says to start by brainstorming a list of potential topics, and chances are, you have already started a mental list of ideas. You might think you only have a few choices for topics, based on your activities or experiences, or essay examples you read, or the rough draft you already started (or worse, that GPT started...). I advise, however, that you put down your list of topics and back away from it. Forget that exists for a moment. Seriously - thinking about this initial list tethers you to certain ideas that might not actually be your best options.
Now you can begin brainstorming with a clean slate.
Start with thinking about what you want to show in your entire application, not just one essay. Every single component in your app has one purpose – to tell more about YOU. Filling out the rest of the application by rote and focusing solely on the essay is short-sighted and will leave so much potential untapped in your application.

It's About You. Tell Your Story - And Be The Protagonist

An admissions officer’s goal is to understand you fully, in the context of your background and the rest of the applicant pool. They will begin this with assessing your academic abilities and potential. Then they will evaluate how you will fit into the student body they’re trying to curate. All of this can be somewhat broad and diverse and touch on several institutional goals. But they will dig deep to find out what each applicant is like, what your core values and motivations are, what kind of student you will be, how you will contribute to the vibrant and intellectual campus community they’re building, etc.
Your goal with essay brainstorming is to ascertain how to powerfully tell your story in a manner that will fit these criteria. The entirety of your application (again, not just one essay) aims to showcase your abilities, qualifications, and uncommon attributes as a person in a positive way. Before you begin outlining or writing your application, you must determine what is unique about you that will stand out to an admissions panel. All students are truly unique. Not one other student has the same combination of life experiences, personality, passions, or goals as you do. Your job in your application is to frame your unique personal attributes in a positive and compelling way. How will you fit on campus? What personal qualities, strengths, core values, talents, or different perspectives do you bring to the table? What stories, deeper motivations/beliefs, or formative experiences can you use to illustrate all of this?
It is always helpful to start with some soul-searching or self-examination. You might not immediately know what you want to share about yourself. It’s not a simple task to decide how to summarize your whole life and being in a powerful and eloquent way on your application. Introspection prior to starting your application takes additional time and effort rather than jumping straight into your first draft. But it is also a valuable method to start writing a winning application that stands out from the stack.
You'll see the advice everywhere that all essay prompts are really about the same thing - you. The goal of each essay then is to showcase who you are, what matters to you, and how you think. I guarantee if you're on this sub enough, you'll hear the advice to "show, don't tell" when writing about yourself. But what does this mean really, and how do you do it well? How do you even get started on an essay that does this?

Introspection Questions

It’s often easiest to start thinking in terms of superlatives, especially those related to personal insights -- what are the most meaningful things about you, and what do you value the most? Here is a list of questions to help you brainstorm broadly before you narrow down your focus for writing:

• What are your interests?
  
• What sparks your curiosity?
  
• About what topics do you enjoy reading?
  
• With whom do you enjoy spending time? Who has impacted your life the most?
  
• Reflect upon “superlatives” in your life. What moments were most memorable, formative, enlightening, enjoyable, or valuable? What physical possessions, experiences, dreams, or lessons could make your superlatives list?
  
• Stop and think about what things, people, or circumstances in your life are really unique, fascinating, or outlandish. Are there any that really have a lot of "cultural flavor" (whatever your culture is)?
  

I have a free introspection worksheet with over 100 questions like this designed to help you find ideas worth exploring in your essays. You can find it on the A2C Discord or download it directly here.

Find Your Story And Arc

Think of a small anecdote or story from your life that you could share that serves as a microcosm of who you are and what is important to you. It will massively help you narrow this down and find a gem of a story if you first start by thinking about your application arc or theme. This is the one-phrase summary of your entire application. It could be "brilliant entrepreneur who started her own successful business" or "talented athlete who wants to study economics and finance as they pertain to sports", or even "avid baker whose hobby sparked an interest in chemistry". It doesn't have to be related to your intended major, but it can help your arc be stronger and clearer if it is.
Once you have an arc determined and a story to share, think about what you want that story to say about you. This is where it can help to think of this as something you would share on a date - what impression does it make about you to the reader? Once you know this, start showing, not telling this attribute of yourself through your story. For example, instead of saying that you're compassionate toward others, you show an example of a time you were compassionate, then elaborate on why, and what it means to you.

Essay Brainstorming Techniques

If you are having trouble finding a story, or simply have writer’s block once you have picked your topic, here are some ideas to get your juices flowing:

• Stream of consciousness writing -- Start writing whatever is in your head, and don’t stop for 30 minutes. You probably won’t use what you just wrote for your essay, but it will help you find a starting point.
  
• Journaling -- Answer the prompt as if you were writing in a journal. This will get you in the habit of writing about yourself and establish comfort with the concept. It will also take you to a new level of introspection and self-awareness.
  
• Twitter X style -- Write several rapid-fire responses to the prompt in 280 characters or less. Choose an idea from these responses to expound upon in your essay.
  
• Read each essay prompt, then go through your introspection worksheet responses and connect the stories and insights to one or more of the prompts. Some students like using color coding to visually see how their different ideas might work together.
  

Why Essays Matter

Here's the thing a lot of people don't realize about college admission: it's not an award for being the smartest, most accomplished, or most impressive. It's an invitation to join a community. Far too many students think that if they can just show that they're smart enough, they'll get in. Yale even says right on their admissions website that 75% of their applicants are academically qualified to succeed at Yale. But only ~4% are getting in. That should tell you that they're looking for more than just top tier test scores and grades. To be perfectly clear, you will need top tier grades and (optionally) test scores to show that you're qualified, and the vast majority of my students come to me with this part already in the bank. But what sets the admits apart? It's personal insight - sharing who you are, how you think, what matters to you, and how you engage community. You can't just say "/IAmVerySmart, please admit me," or even "I did a cool thing guys! Isn't that neat!" You need to go deeper and show them your core values, personal strengths, motivations, aspirations, character traits, foundational beliefs, personality, etc. And you need to do it in a charming, winsome way that makes them like you and want to invite you to join their community.
So how do I get students to do this? All of my students complete that introspection worksheet. We go through it and find the stories, examples, anecdotes, conversations, memories, relationships, and other things from their life that will help us craft a strong and personally insightful narrative. We also make lists of the values, strengths, and key personal qualities we want to showcase. Once we have some topics, outlines, abstracts, or rough drafts, we talk about which stories to tell where, how to tell them well, and what details to include to present the best they have to offer. Then we refine, edit, polish, and enhance over and over until the story sings, but more importantly shows their heart and soul. We also go through all the other application components to ensure consistency, quality, and distinctiveness.
Here's why this works so well: at most highly selective colleges there is a primary reader (or 2-3) who will review everything first and then present it to the admissions committee, who then votes on whether to admit you. That presentation typically goes one of three ways:

1. Total enthusiasm, energy, and excitement. They strongly advocate for admission and paint a clear picture of how you will contribute to their goals and community. Everyone in the room picks up on that energy and is leaning forward in their chairs, looking for reasons to admit you. This is quite rare, generally less than 5 out of every 100 applications, even among those which are "fully qualified." When you do this right, you show depth, meaning, and valuable personal insights so the reviewer is learning about who you are and how you might engage the community they're curating. You come alive off the page as a person, not just another file.
   
2. Business as usual. You're another great applicant in a pile of great applicants. They share a basic review of the facts, your profile, stats, strengths, weaknesses, etc. Maybe someone on the committee finds something they love, and they really push for admission. More likely, not and you get deferred/waitlisted even though there wasn't anything "wrong" with your application. They just didn't love you enough to commit.
   
3. "Here's a stack of 20 applications that I didn't find all that compelling, so we won't present them individually, but you guys are the committee and you make the decisions. So let me know if there are any you want to talk about." In this case, unless there's a letter of endorsement from an athletics coach or your last name matches several buildings on campus, you're probably not getting additional consideration, much less admission. They will regret to inform you.
   

Everything we're doing is designed to help them get to know themselves, present the best they have to offer, and land in that first group. Having top tier essays is the single best way to get there. Get started on brainstorming in the next few weeks so you'll have time to get a few essays completed over the summer.

With the EA Sports College Football 25 cover being released this Thursday, I thought it would be interesting to look back at all covers — and not just the EA covers, but the athletes featured on covers of rival games by Sony, Sega, and other competitors.
Competition is a good thing. Putting these in chronological order takes me back to the era where there were options (I bought my first game in the '90s, and played a lot of 2k2).
If you count the 2 players that are identifiable off of "College Football USA 96" there have been 36 cover athletes across 34 editions of college football games (plus an active coach, mascot, two band members, and an unidentified player)
This post is going to look cleaner in "old" view. You can swap the "www" with "old" in the URL or just click here.

Year	Publisher	Game Title (image)	Cover Athlete (wiki)	Heisman?	Formats	Notes
1993	EA Sports	Bill Walsh College Football	STAN Coach Bill Walsh	N/A	Sega Genesis, SNES, Sega CD	No licenses so generic names/logos
1994	EA Sports	Bill Walsh College Football '95	STAN Coach Bill Walsh	N/A	Sega Genesis	Schools licensed now
1994	Mindscape	NCAA Football	NCAA Logo over generic players	N/A	Sega Genesis, SNES
1994	Sega Sports	College Football's National Championship	ND Notre Dame Stadium	N/A	Sega Genesis
1995	EA Sports	College Football USA 96	KSU¦MICH¦FSU¦WIS¦USC "Generic" photos*	No	Sega Genesis	see below*
1995	Sega Sports	College Football's National Championship II	COL Folsom Field	No	Sega Genesis
1996	EA Sports	College Football USA 97	NEB QB Tommie Frazier	No	Sega Genesis, SNES	1st true cover athlete
1996	Sony	NCAA Football Gamebreaker	OSU RB Eddie George	HEISMAN!	PS1	1st Heisman winner on cover
1997	EA Sports	NCAA Football 98	FLA QB Danny Wuerffel	HEISMAN!	PS1, PC
1997	Sony	NCAA Gamebreaker 98	FSU RB Warrick Dunn	No	PS1
1998	EA Sports	NCAA Football 99	MICH CB Charles Woodson	HEISMAN!	PS1, PC	1st of 2 defensive players ever
1998	Sony	NCAA GameBreaker 99	NEB QB Scott Frost	No	PS1	1st future head coach
1999	EA Sports	NCAA Football 2000	TEX RB Ricky Williams	HEISMAN!	PS1
1999	Sony	NCAA GameBreaker 2000	UCLA QB Cade McNown	No	PS1
2000	EA Sports	NCAA Football 2001	ALA RB Shaun Alexander	No	PS1
2000	Sony	NCAA GameBreaker 2001	WIS RB Ron Dayne	HEISMAN!	PS1, PS2	1st 6th generation console game
2001	EA Sports	NCAA Football 2002	FSU QB Chris Weinke	HEISMAN!	PS2
2001	Sega Sports	NCAA College Football 2K2	PUR QB Drew Brees	No	DC
2002	EA Sports	NCAA Football 2003	ORE QB Joey Harrington	No	PS2, GC, Xbox
2002	Sony	NCAA GameBreaker 2003	MIA RB Clinton Portis	No	PS2	[Sony skipped 2002]
2002	Sega Sports	NCAA College Football 2K3	NEB QB Eric Crouch	HEISMAN!	PS2, GC, Xbox
2003	EA Sports	NCAA Football 2004	USC QB Carson Palmer	HEISMAN!	PS2, GC, Xbox, N-Gage	1st handheld on Nokia's disastrous system
2003	Sony	NCAA GameBreaker 2004	PSU RB Larry Johnson	No	PS2
2004	EA Sports	NCAA Football 2005	PITT WR Larry Fitzgerald	No	PS2, GC, Xbox
2005	EA Sports	NCAA Football 06	MICH WR Desmond Howard		PS2, Xbox	1991's Heisman
2006	EA Sports	NCAA Football 07	USC RB Reggie Bush	HEISMAN!	PS2, Xbox, 360, PSP
2007	EA Sports	NCAA Football 08	BOISE QB Jared Zabransky	No	360, PS3, PS2, Xbox
2007	Aspyr	Black College Football: BCFX: The Xperience	Generic player, cheerleader, drum major	No	PC, 360 (2009)	HBCU teams
2008	EA Sports	NCAA Football 09	CAL WR DeSean Jackson	No	PS2	Multi-cover
2008	EA Sports	NCAA Football 09	BC QB Matt Ryan	No	PS3	Multi-cover
2008	EA Sports	NCAA Football 09	WVU FB Owen Schmitt	No	PSP	Multi-cover
2008	EA Sports	NCAA Football 09	MSU mascot Sparty	No	Wii	Multi-cover
2008	EA Sports	NCAA Football 09	ARK RB Darren McFadden	No	360	Multi-cover
2009	EA Sports	NCAA Football 10	TEX LB Brian Orakpo	No	PS2	Multi-cover; 2 of 2 defenders
2009	EA Sports	NCAA Football 10	UTAH QB Brian Johnson	No	PS3	Multi-cover
2009	EA Sports	NCAA Football 10	USC QB Mark Sanchez	No	PSP	Multi-cover
2009	EA Sports	NCAA Football 10	TTU WR Michael Crabtree	No	360	Multi-cover
2010	EA Sports	NCAA Football 11	FLA QB Tim Tebow	HEISMAN!	PS3, 360, PS2, iOS
2011	EA Sports	NCAA Football 12	ALA RB Mark Ingram II	HEISMAN!	PS3, 360	Fan-vote cover athlete
2012	EA Sports	NCAA Football 13	BAY QB Robert Griffin III & OKST RB Barry Sanders	YES!	PS3, 360	Fan-vote for older athlete
2013	EA Sports	NCAA Football 14	MICH Denard Robinson	No	PS3, 360	Fan-vote cover athlete
2024	EA Sports	EA Sports College Football 25	TBD	TBD	PS5, Xbox Series X/S

*Photos on College Football USA 96 cover are USC Trojan drum major, a Wisconsin band member, unidentified Florida State player (zoomed in on helmet), but also easily identified K-State WR Kevin Lockett & Michigan RB Tim Biakabutuk (both played in '95 season after this came out)

Various developers:

EA Sports's developers:

• High Score Productions (1993: Genesis, Sega CD; 1994-96)
• Visual Concepts (1993: SNES)
• Tiburon Entertainment (1997-98), bought/renamed EA Tiburon (1999-2013), renamed EA Orlando (2024)
• Exient Entertainment (2003: N-Gage)

Sega Sports's developers:

• BlueSky Software (1994-95) [developers of Joe Montana series]
• Visual Concepts & Avalanche Software (2001-02) [NFL 2K & NFL Blitz, respectively]

Sony Computer Entertainment America's developers:

• Sony Interactive Studios America (1996-97), renamed Red Zone Interactive (1998-99), renamed 989 Studios (2000)

Aspyr Media's developer:

• Nerjyzed Entertainment (2007: Windows; 2009: 360)

Further notes:

Bill Walsh was picked because there was an early-theme of having big names on sports video games.

• EA actually started this back when they were the cool, bad boy of games in the 1980s (I'm that old, they packaged their games like records and put photos of their programmers that made them look like musicians on the back) with the pioneering PC game One on One: Dr. J vs. Larry Bird (1983), later updated to Jordan vs. Bird: One on One (1988).
• Nintendo got into it by localizing Punch-Out! as Mike Tyson's Punch-Out!! (1987) for NES. EA brought out John Madden Football (1988) for PC.
• Sega was wild about this when they launched the Genesis with Arnold Palmer Tournament Golf (1989), Tommy Lasorda Baseball (1989), Pat Riley Basketball (1990), Joe Montana Football (1991).
• 1993: Bill Walsh! There even was an EA Coach K college hoops game.

Bill Walsh may have got the cover curse:

• While he had retired from the San Francisco 49ers on top, after winning his 3rd Super Bowl, he had only returned to the Farm for a year when he was picked (he had a good first tenure in the 70s before jumping to the 49ers).
• In 1992 he took the Cardinal to a Blockbuster Bowl win and a #9 rank. Signed this deal for EA.
• After the first game came out he had two bad seasons and re-retired for good.

The progression of teams is fun to see.

• 1993: the top 24 college football teams from 1992 + 24 of the all-time greatest teams since 1978. The teams were unlicensed so they used city and state names, especially where similar to their real names (e.g. Michigan). But you got some fun results like a spirited game of "South Bend, IN" vs "Raleigh, NC"
• 1994: 36 Division I-A teams, but the bowls were still not included: Instead we get Maple Bowl, Palm Bowl, Pecan Bowl, and Redwood Bowl
• 1995: first version to feature all (108 at the time) Division l-A teams, the real bowl games like Orange, Sugar, Fiesta, and Rose. Includes older names but also the Pacific Tigers, which actually dropped football before the game was released.

The rights to the title "NCAA" license wasn't obtained by EA until 1998 (as you can see there was an earlier one-off by Mindscape). Its ability to use the NCAA's brands in the the football game was actually the secondary result of a licensing deal intended primarily for an EA "March Madness" basketball game.

Candidates can take a customized course called “CS Executive Coaching” to assist them in preparing for Company Secretary (CS) Executive exams. These examinations are required to become a qualified company secretary, and are conducted by the Institute of Company Secretaries of India (ICSI).Dreaming of becoming a Company Secretary (CS) Executive? CS Executive Coaching can help you reach your destination! It is a specialized education service that prepares you to crack CS executive exams. Coaching institutes or individual teachers who are experts in CS exams provide these coaching programs.The entire CS Executive curriculum including legal, corporate and financial topics is covered. It aims to equip candidates with the knowledge, skills and strategies required to succeed in the examination.

Coaching is important for CS Executive exams:

1. Systematic Guidance: CS Executive Coaching provides a systematic course as per the exam syllabus, which guarantees thorough treatment of every topic.
2. Expert Faculty: Students can avail the benefit of skilled faculty members of the coaching schools who have a comprehensive understanding of the CS Executive exam pattern.
3. Exam-oriented preparation: Coaching programs are specifically created to focus on exam-oriented preparation. These include practice questions and revision sessions to help candidates become more comfortable with the exam format and boost their performance. Practice tests are also available here.
4. Clarification of concepts: Coaching classes provide a platform for students to clarify doubts, discuss complex topics and gain a deeper understanding of key concepts through interactive sessions and personal attention.
5. Time Management Skills: CS Executive Coaching develops effective time management skills in the candidates, enabling them to allocate their study time efficiently and prioritize the topics based on their importance and difficulty level.
6. Motivation and Support: Coaching institutes provide a supportive learning environment where students can interact with peers, share experiences and receive inspiration from mentors, which fosters an environment conducive to learning and growth.

Benefits of CS Executive Coaching:

1. Systematic study plan: Coaching institutes provide a well-made study plan that helps to comprehensively cover the CS Executive syllabus within a given time frame.
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5. Time Management Skills: CS Executive Coaching develops effective time management skills in candidates, teaching them to prioritize tasks, allocate study time efficiently and meet deadlines.These qualifications are very beneficial for both the exam and the job of Company Secretary.
6. Inspiration and Support: Enrolling in a coaching institute provides students with a safe environment where they can interact with fellow students, share personal stories and look to peers and mentors for inspiration. Such a positive environment creates an environment conducive to learning and motivates candidates to achieve their goals
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8. Inspiration and Support: Students who enroll in a coaching institute get access to a secure setting where they can engage with other students, exchange personal narratives, and seek guidance from mentors and peers. Such a positive environment creates an environment conducive to learning and motivates candidates to achieve their goals.
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CS Executive Coaching in laxmi nagar : Anoop jain CS Classes

In today's competitive corporate world, having a strong foundation in business secretarial procedures is essential for career success. Aspiring corporate secretaries seek for comprehensive training that will equip them with practical knowledge and skills in addition to helping them pass the test. Located in Laxmi Nagar, Delhi, Anoop Jain CS Executive Classes is an ideal institute that provides the best available education to CS executive students. Let's learn more about what sets Anoop Jain CS Executive classes apart from others and how you can use them to become the best company secretary in the future.

• The legacy of Anoop Jain's computer science classes: The goal of giving CS candidates top-notch training and direction led to the founding of Anup Jain CS Classes. For more than ten years, the business has been a household name in the corporate secretary coaching industry.The institute was founded by Mr. Anoop Jain, an accomplished specialist with a wealth of knowledge in this area. These days, this institute is renowned for its brilliance and ethics.
• Comprehensive Course: Anoop Jain CS Classes' curriculum has been meticulously crafted to encompass all the topics included in the Institute of Company Secretaries of India's (ICSI) recommended CS Executive curriculum.Each module aims to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of corporate governance, taxes, and company law, among other relevant topics.From basic to more complex themes, it advances.
• Expert Instructor: Anoop Jain's team of experienced teachers is a major asset to his computer science lectures.The faculty, which includes prominent academicians, working corporate secretaries, and professionals from the business, offers a plethora of information and practical experience to the classroom. They are dedicated to each student's academic success and promise that each one will receive personalized attention and coaching.CS classes taught by Anoop Jain go beyond traditional lecture styles. In the interactive learning environment of the institute, students are encouraged to actively participate in debates, case studies, and practical exercises.Frequent Q&A and review sessions improve conceptual understanding and memory even more.
• Emphasize practical skills:Although academic knowledge is essential, Anup Jain CS Classes believes that practical abilities are equally important in the professional field. The institute incorporates case studies, mock exams and practical training in the curriculum to help students acquire the critical thinking, problem-solving and analytical skills required to become a successful Company Secretary.
• Contemporary Infrastructure: Anoop Jain CS classrooms are equipped with contemporary equipment and state-of-the-art facilities to aid learning. A well-stocked library, large classrooms and designated study spaces all contribute to an ideal setting for focused learning.

Conclusion

In short, prospective company secretaries can greatly benefit from CS executive coaching in Laxmi Nagar. Enrolling in a course like Anoop Jain CS Classes will give you a friendly learning environment, a well-structured study program and professional supervision from knowledgeable professors.Anoop Jain CS classes are unique in that they emphasize on developing practical skills, exam-oriented studies and individual attention. These attributes will help you succeed in your CS Executive tests and your future profession as a Company Secretary.Cs Executive Coaching in Laxmi nagar

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basket, basketball, bath, bathroom, battery, battle, be, beach, bear, beat, beautiful, beauty, because, become, bed, bedroom, bee, beef, beer, before, begin, beginning, behavior, behind, being, belief, believe, bell, belong, below, belt, bench, bend, beneath, benefit, beside, besides, best, bet, better, between, beyond, bicycle, big, bike, bill, billion, bind, biological, bird, birth, birthday, bit, bite, black, blade, blame, blanket, blind, block, blood, blow, blue, board, boat, body, bomb, bombing, bond, bone, book, boom, boot, border, boring, born, borrow, boss, both, bother, bottle, bottom, boundary, bowl, box, boy, boyfriend, brain, branch, brand, brave, bread, break, breakfast, breast, breath, breathe, brick, bridge, brief, briefly, bright, brilliant, bring, broad, broken, brother, brown, brush, buck, budget, build, building, bullet, bunch, burden, burn, bury, bus, business, busy, but, butter, button, buy, buyer, by, cabin, cabinet, cable, cake, calculate, call, camera, camp, campaign, campus, can, Canadian, cancer, candidate, cap, capability, capable, capacity, capital, captain, capture, car, carbon, card, care, career, careful, carefully, carrier, carry, case, cash, cast, cat, catch, category, Catholic, cause, ceiling, celebrate, celebration, celebrity, cell, center, central, century, CEO, ceremony, certain, certainly, chain, chair, chairman, challenge, chamber, champion, championship, chance, change, changing, channel, chapter, character, characteristic, characterize, charge, charity, chart, chase, cheap, check, cheek, cheese, chef, chemical, chest, chicken, chief, child, childhood, Chinese, chip, chocolate, choice, cholesterol, choose, Christian, Christmas, church, cigarette, circle, circumstance, cite, citizen, city, civil, civilian, claim, class, classic, classroom, clean, clear, clearly, client, climate, climb, clinic, clinical, clock, close, closely, closer, clothes, clothing, cloud, club, clue, cluster, coach, coal, coalition, coast, coat, code, coffee, cognitive, cold, collapse, colleague, collect, collection, collective, college, colonial, color, column, combination, combine, come, comedy, comfort, comfortable, command, commander, comment, commercial, commission, commit, commitment, committee, common, communicate, communication, community, company, compare, comparison, compete, competition, competitive, competitor, complain, complaint, complete, completely, complex, complexity, compliance, complicate, complicated, component, compose, composition, comprehensive, computer, concentrate, concentration, concept, concern, concerned, concert, conclude, conclusion, concrete, condition, conduct, conference, confidence, confident, confirm, conflict, confront, confusion, Congress, congressional, connect, connection, consciousness, consensus, consequence, conservative, consider, considerable, consideration, consist, consistent, constant, constantly, constitute, constitutional, construct, construction, consultant, consume, consumer, consumption, contact, contain, container, contemporary, content, contest, context, continue, continued, contract, contrast, contribute, contribution, control, controversial, controversy, convention, conventional, conversation, convert, conviction, convince, cook, cookie, cooking, cool, cooperation, cop, cope, copy, core, corn, corner, corporate, corporation, correct, correspondent, cost, cotton, couch, could, council, count, counter, country, county, couple, courage, course, court, cousin, cover, coverage, cow, crack, craft, crash, crazy, cream, create, creation, creative, creature, credit, crew, crime, criminal, crisis, criteria, critic, critical, criticism, criticize, crop, cross, crowd, crucial, cry, cultural, culture, cup, curious, current, currently, curriculum, custom, customer, cut, cycle, dad, daily, damage, dance, danger, dangerous, dare, dark, darkness, data, database, date, daughter, day, dead, deal, dealer, dear, death, debate, debt, decade, decide, decision, deck, declare, decline, decrease, deep, deeply, deer, defeat, defend, defendant, defense, defensive, deficit, define, definitely, definition, degree, delay, deliver, delivery, demand, democracy, Democratic, Democrat, demonstrate, demonstration, deny, department, depend, dependent, depending, depict, depression, depth, deputy, derive, describe, description, desert, deserve, design, designer, desire, desk, desperate, despite, destroy, destruction, detail, detailed, detect, detection, detective, determine, develop, developing, development, device, devil, dialogue, diet, differ, difference, different, differently, difficult, difficulty, dig, digital, dimension, dining, dinner, direct, direction, directly, director, dirt, disability, disagree, disappear, disaster, discipline, disclose, discover, discovery, discrimination, discuss, discussion, disease, dish, dismiss, disorder, display, dispute, distance, distinct, distinction, distinguish, distribute, distribution, district, diverse, diversity, divide, division, divorce, DNA, do, doctor, document, dog, domestic, dominant, dominate, door, double, doubt, down, downtown, dozen, draft, drag, drama, dramatic, dramatically, draw, drawer, drawing, dream, dress, drink, drive, driver, drop, drug, dry, due, during, dust, duty, dwell, dying, dynamic, each, eager, ear, earlier, early, earn, earnings, earth, earthquake, ease, easily, east, eastern, easy, eat, economic, economy, edge, edit, edition, editor, educate, education, educational, educator, effect, effective, effectively, efficiency, efficient, effort, egg, eight, either, elderly, elect, election, electric, electrical, electricity, electronic, element, elementary, eliminate, elite, else, elsewhere, e-mail, embrace, emerge, emergency, emission, emotion, emotional, emphasis, emphasize, employ, employee, employer, employment, empty, enable, encounter, encourage, end, enemy, energy, enforcement, engage, engine, engineer, engineering, English, enhance, enjoy, enormous, enough, ensure, enter, enterprise, entertain, entertainment, entire, entirely, entrance, entry, environment, environmental, episode, equal, equally, equipment, equivalent, era, error, escape, especially, essay, essential, essentially, establish, establishment, estate, estimate, etc, ethics, ethnic, European, evaluate, evaluation, evening, event, eventually, ever, every, everybody, everyday, everyone, everything, everywhere, evidence, evolution, evolve, exact, exactly, exam, examination, examine, example, exceed, excellent, except, exception, exchange, exciting, executive, exercise, exhibit, exhibition, exist, existence, existing, expand, expansion, expect, expectation, expense, expensive, experience, experiment, expert, explain, explanation, explode, explore, explosion, expose, exposure, express, expression, extend, extension, extensive, extent, external, extra, extraordinary, extreme, extremely, eye, fabric, face, facility, fact, factor, factory, faculty, fade, fail, failure, fair, fairly, faith, fall, false, familiar, family, famous, fan, fantasy, far, farm, farmer, fashion, fast, fat, fate, father, fault, favor, favorite, fear, feature, federal, fee, feed, feel, feeling, fellow, female, fence, festival, few, fewer, fiber, fiction, field, fifteen, fifth, fifty, fight, fighter, fighting, figure, file, fill, film, final, finally, finance, financial, find, finding, fine, finger, finish, fire, firm, first, fish, fishing, fit, fitness, five, fix, flag, flame, flat, flavor, flee, flesh, flight, float, floor, flow, flower, fly, focus, folk, follow, following, food, foot, football, for, force, foreign, forest, forever, forget, form, formal, formation, former, formula, forth, fortune, forward, found, foundation, founder, four, fourth, frame, framework, free, freedom, freeze, French, frequency, frequent, frequently, fresh, friend, friendly, friendship, from, front, fruit, frustration, fuel, fulfill, full, fully, fun, function, fund, fundamental, funding, funeral, funny, furniture, furthermore, future, gain, galaxy, gallery, game, gang, gap, garage, garden, garlic, gas, gate, gather, gay, gaze, gear, gender, gene, general, generally, generate, generation, genetic, gentleman, gently, German, gesture, get, ghost, giant, gift, gifted, girl, girlfriend, give, given, glad, glance, glass, global, glove, go, goal, God, gold, golden, golf, good, govern, government, governor, grab, grace, grade, gradually, graduate, grain, grand, grandmother, grant, grass, grave, gray, great, green, grocery, ground, group, grow, growing, growth, guarantee, guard, guess, guest, guide, guideline, guilty, gun, guy, habit, habitat, hair, half, hall, hand, handful, handle, hang, happen, happy, harbor, hard, hardly, hat, hate, have, he, head, headline, headquarters, health, healthy, hear, hearing, heart, heat, heaven, heavily, heavy, heel, height, helicopter, hell, hello, help, helpful, hence, her, herb, here, heritage, hero, herself, hey, hi, hide, high, highlight, highly, highway, hill, him, himself, hip, hire, his, historic, historical, history, hit, hold, hole, holiday, holy, home, homeless, honest, honey, honor, hope, horizon, horror, horse, hospital, host, hot, hotel, hour, house, household, housing, how, however, huge, human, humor, hundred, hungry, hunter, hunting, hurt, husband, hypothesis, ice, idea, ideal, identification, identify, identity, ignore, ill, illegal, illness, illustrate, image, imagination, imagine, immediate, immediately, immigrant, immigration, impact, implement, implication, imply, importance, important, impose, impossible, impress, impression, impressive, improve, improvement, incentive, incident, include, including, income, incorporate, increase, increased, increasingly, incredible, indeed, independence, independent, index, indicate, indication, individual, industrial, industry, infant, infection, inflation, influence, inform, information, ingredient, initial, initially, initiative, injury, inner, innocent, inquiry, inside, insight, insist, inspire, install, instance, instead, institute, institution, institutional, instruction, instructor, instrument, insurance, intellectual, intelligence, intend, intense, intensity, intention, interaction, interest, interested, interesting, internal, international, Internet, interpret, interpretation, intervention, interview, introduce, introduction, invasion, invest, investigation, investigator, investment, investor, invite, involve, involved, involvement, Iraqi, Irish, iron, Islamic, island, Israeli, issue, it, Italian, item, its, itself, jacket, jail, Japanese, jet, Jew, Jewish, job, join, joint, joke, journal, journalist, journey, joy, judge, judgment, juice, jump, junior, jury, just, justice, justify, keep, key, kick, kid, kill, killer, killing, kind, king, kiss, kitchen, knee, knife, knock, know, knowledge, lab, label, labor, laboratory, lack, lady, lake, land, landscape, language, lap, large, largely, last, late, later, Latin, latter, laugh, launch, law, lawsuit, lawyer, lay, layer, lead, leader, leadership, leading, leaf, league, lean, learn, learning, least, leather, leave, left, leg, legacy, legal, legend, legislation, legislative, legislator, legitimate, lemon, length, less, lesson, let, letter, level, liberal, library, license, lie, life, lifestyle, lifetime, lift, light, like, likely, limit, limitation, limited, line, link, lip, list, listen, literary, literature, little, live, living, load, loan, local, locate, location, lock, long, long-term, look, loose, lose, loss, lost, lot, lots, loud, love, lovely, lover, low, lower, luck, lucky, lunch, luxury, machine, mad, magazine, mail, main, mainly, maintain, maintenance, major, majority, make, maker, makeup, male, mall, man, manage, management, manager, manner, manufacturer, manufacturing, many, map, margin, mark, market, marketing, marriage, married, marry, mask, mass, massive, master, match, material, math, matter, may, maybe, mayor, me, meal, mean, meaning, meanwhile, measure, measurement, meat, mechanism, media, medical, medication, medicine, medium, meet, meeting, member, membership, memory, mental, mention, menu, mere, merely, mess, message, metal, meter, method, Mexican, middle, might, military, milk, million, mind, mine, minister, minor, minority, minute, miracle, mirror, miss, missile, mission, mistake, mix, mixture, mm-hmm, mode, model, moderate, modern, modest, mom, moment, money, monitor, month, mood, moon, moral, more, moreover, morning, mortgage, most, mostly, mother, motion, motivation, motor, mountain, mouse, mouth, move, movement, movie, Mr, Mrs, Ms, much, multiple, murder, muscle, museum, music, musical, musician, Muslim, must, mutual, my, myself, mystery, myth, naked, name, narrative, narrow, nation, national, native, natural, naturally, nature, near, nearby, nearly, necessarily, necessary, neck, need, negative, negotiate, negotiation, neighbor, neighborhood, neither, nerve, nervous, net, network, never, nevertheless, new, newly, news, newspaper, next, nice, night, nine, no, nobody, nod, noise, nomination, nominee, none, nonetheless, nor, normal, normally, north, northern, nose, not, note, nothing, notice, notion, novel, now, nowhere, nuclear, number, numerous, nurse, nut, object, objective, obligation, observation, observe, observer, obtain, obvious, obviously, occasion, occasionally, occupation, occupy, occur, ocean, odd, odds, of, off, offense, offensive, offer, office, officer, official, often, oh, oil, okay, old, Olympic, on, once, one, ongoing, onion, online, only, onto, open, opening, operate, operating, operation, operator, opinion, opponent, opportunity, oppose, opposed, opposite, opposition, option, or, orange, order, ordinary, organic, organization, organize, orientation, origin, original, originally, other, others, otherwise, ought, our, ours, ourselves, out, outcome, outside, oven, over, overall, overcome, overlook, owe, own, owner, pace, pack, package, page, pain, painful, paint, painter, painting, pair, pale, Palestinian, palm, pan, panel, panic, pant, paper, paragraph, parent, park, parking, part, participant, participate, participation, particle, particular, particularly, partly, partner, partnership, party, pass, passage, passenger, passion, past, patch, path, patient, pattern, pause, pay, payment, PC, peace, peak, peer, pen, penalty, people, pepper, per, perceive, percentage, perception, perfect, perfectly, perform, performance, perhaps, period, permanent, permission, permit, person, personal, personality, personally, personnel, perspective, persuade, pet, phase, phenomenon, philosophy, phone, photo, photographer, phrase, physical, physically, physician, piano, pick, picture, pie, piece, pile, pilot, pine, pink, pipe, pitch, place, plan, plane, planet, planning, plant, plastic, plate, platform, play, player, please, pleasure, plenty, plot, plus, PM, pocket, poem, poet, poetry, point, police, policy, political, politically, politician, politics, poll, pollution, pool, poor, pop, popular, population, porch, port, portion, portrait, portray, pose, position, positive, possess, possession, possibility, possible, possibly, post, pot, potato, potential, potentially, pound, pour, poverty, powder, power, powerful, practical, practice, prayer, preach, precisely, predict, prediction, prefer, preference, pregnancy, pregnant, preparation, prepare, prescription, presence, present, presentation, preserve, president, presidential, press, pressure, pretend, pretty, prevent, previous, previously, price, pride, priest, primarily, primary, prime, principal, principle, print, prior, priority, prison, prisoner, privacy, private, probably, problem, procedure, proceed, process, processing, processor, proclaim, produce, producer, product, production, profession, professional, professor, profile, profit, program, progress, progressive, project, prominent, promise, promote, prompt, proof, proper, properly, property, proportion, proposal, propose, prosecutor, prospect, protect, protection, protein, protest, proud, prove, provide, provider, province, provision, psychological, psychology, public, publication, publicity, publish, publisher, pull, punishment, purchase, pure, purpose, pursue, push, put, qualify, quality, quarter, quarterback, quarterly, queen, quest, question, quick, quickly, quiet, quietly, quit, quite, quote, race, racial, radiation, radical, radio, rail, rain, raise, range, rank, rapid, rapidly, rare, rarely, rate, rather, rating, ratio, raw, reach, react, reaction, reader, reading, ready, real, reality, realize, really, reason, reasonable, recall, receive, recent, recently, reception, recipe, recipient, recognition, recognize, recommend, recommendation, record, recording, recover, recovery, recruit, red, reduce, reduction, refer, reference, reflect, reflection, reform, refugee, refuse, regard, regarding, regardless, regime, region, regional, register, regular, regularly, regulate, regulation, regulator, reinforce, reject, relate, relation, relationship, relative, relatively, relax, release, relevant, relief, religion, religious, rely, remain, remaining, remarkable, remember, remind, remote, remove, repeat, repeatedly, replace, replacement, reply, report, reporter, represent, representation, representative, Republican, reputation, request, require, requirement, research, researcher, resemble, reservation, resident, residential, resign, resist, resistance, resolution, resolve, resort, resource, respect, respond, response, responsibility, responsible, rest, restaurant, restore, restriction, result, retain, retire, retirement, return, reveal, revenue, review, revolution, rhythm, rice, rich, rid, ride, rifle, right, ring, rise, risk, river, road, rock, role, roll, romantic, roof, room, root, rope, rose, rough, roughly, round, route, routine, row, rub, rubber, rude, ruin, rule, run, running, rural, rush, Russian, sacred, sad, safe, safety, sake, salad, salary, sale, sales, salt, same, sample, sanction, sand, satellite, satisfaction, satisfied, satisfy, sauce, save, saving, say, scale, scandal, scare, scatter, scenario, scene, schedule, scheme, scholar, scholarship, school, science, scientific, scientist, scope, score, scream, screen, script, sea, search, season, seat, second, secondary, secret, secretary, section, sector, secure, security, see, seed, seek, seem, segment, seize, select, selection, self, sell, Senate, senator, send, senior, sense, sensitive, sentence, separate, sequence, series, serious, seriously, servant, serve, service, session, set, setting, settle, settlement, seven, several, severe, sex, sexual, shade, shadow, shake, shall, shallow, shape, share, sharp, she, sheet, shelf, shell, shelter, shift, shine, ship, shirt, shock, shoe, shoot, shooting, shop, shopping, short, shortly, shot, should, shoulder, shout, show, shower, shrug, shut, shy, sibling, sick, side, sigh, sight, sign, signal, significant, significantly, silence, silent, silver, similar, similarly, simple, simply, sin, since, sing, singer, single, sink, sir, sister, sit, site, situation, six, size, ski, skill, skin, skirt, sky, slave, sleep, slice, slide, slight, slightly, slip, slow, slowly, small, smart, smell, smile, smoke, smooth, snap, snow, so, so-called, soccer, social, society, soft, software, soil, solar, soldier, sole, solid, solution, solve, some, somebody, somehow, someone, something, sometimes, somewhat, somewhere, son, song, soon, sophisticated, sorry, sort, soul, sound, soup, source, south, southern, Soviet, space, Spanish, speak, speaker, special, specialist, species, specific, specifically, specify, speech, speed, spend, spending, spin, spirit, spiritual, split, spoil, sponsor, sport, spot, spray, spread, spring, square, squeeze, stability, stable, staff, stage, stain, stair, stake, stand, standard, standing, star, stare, start, state, statement, station, statistical, status, stay, steady, steal, steel, steep, stem, step, stick, still, stimulate, stimulus, stir, stock, stomach, stone, stop, storage, store, storm, story, straight, strange, stranger, strategic, strategy, stream, street, strength, strengthen, stress, stretch, strike, string, strip, stroke, strong, strongly, structural, structure, struggle, student, studio, study, stuff, stupid, style, subject, submit, subsequent, substance, substantial, substitute, succeed, success, successful, successfully, such, sudden, suddenly, sue, suffer, sufficient, sugar, suggest, suggestion, suicide, suit, summer, summit, sun, super, supply, support, supporter, suppose, supposed, Supreme, sure, surely, surface, surgery, surprise, surprised, surprising, surprisingly, surround, survey, survival, survive, survivor, suspect, sustain, swear, sweep, sweet, swim, swing, switch, symbol, symptom, system, table, tactic, tail, take, tale, talent, talk, tall, tank, tap, tape, target, task, taste, tax, taxi, tea, teach, teacher, teaching, team, tear, technical, technique, technology, teen, teenager, telephone, telescope, television, tell, temperature, temporary, ten, tend, tendency, tennis, tension, tent, term, terms, terrible, territory, terror, terrorist, test, testimony, testing, text, than, thank, thanks, that, the, theater, their, them, theme, themselves, then, theory, therapy, there, therefore, these, they, thick, thin, thing, think, thinking, third, thirty, this, those, though, thought, thousand, threat, threaten, three, throat, through, throughout, throw, thus, ticket, tie, tight, time, tiny, tip, tire, tissue, title, to, tobacco, today, toe, together, toilet, token, tolerate, tomato, tomorrow, tone, tongue, tonight, too, tool, tooth, top, topic, toss, total, totally, touch, tough, tour, tourist, tournament, toward, towards, tower, town, toy, trace, track, trade, tradition, traditional, traffic, tragedy, trail, train, training, transfer, transform, transformation, transition, translate, translation, transmission, transmit, transport, transportation, travel, treat, treatment, treaty, tree, tremendous, trend, trial, tribe, trick, trip, troop, trouble, truck, true, truly, trust, truth, try, tube, tunnel, turn, TV, twelve, twenty, twice, twin, two, type, typical, typically, ugly, ultimate, ultimately, unable, uncle, undergo, understand, understanding, unfortunately, uniform, union, unique, unit, United, universal, universe, university, unknown, unless, unlike, until, unusual, up, upon, upper, urban, urge, us, use, used, useful, user, usual, usually, utility, utilize, vacation, valley, valuable, value, variable, variation, variety, various, vary, vast, vegetable, vehicle, venture, version, versus, very, vessel, veteran, via, victim, victory, video, view, viewer, village, violate, violation, violence, violent, virtually, virtue, virus, visibility, visible, vision, visit, visitor, visual, vital, voice, volume, voluntary, volunteer, vote, voter, voting, wage, wait, wake, walk, wall, wander, want, war, warm, warn, warning, wash, waste, watch, water, wave, way, we, weak, weakness, wealth, wealthy, weapon, wear, weather, web, website, wedding, week, weekend, weekly, weigh, weight, welcome, welfare, well, west, western, wet, what, whatever, wheel, when, whenever, where, whereas, whether, which, while, whisper, white, who, whole, whom, whose, why, wide, widely, widespread, wife, wild, wildlife, will, willing, win, wind, window, wine, wing, winner, winter, wipe, wire, wisdom, wise, wish, with, withdraw, within, without, witness, woman, wonder, wonderful, wood, wooden, word, work, worker, working, workout, workplace, works, workshop, world, worried, worry, worth, would, wound, wrap, write, writer, writing, wrong, yard, yeah, year, yell, yellow, yes, yesterday, yet, yield, you, young, your, yours, yourself, youth, zone.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is no longer limited to science fiction movies. It's woven into the fabric of our daily lives, quietly working behind the scenes to enhance our smartphone experience. From streamlining communication to fueling creative expression, AI-powered apps determine the mannerisms through which we interact with our mobile devices.
In this article, we will look at the ten best apps for iPhone and Android. Alongside this, we will weigh their pros and cons for optimal transparency. Make better data-driven decisions with AI and big data by the end of this article. Here are our top ten picks.

1. Otter.ai

Drowning in sticky notes and illegible handwriting? Otter.ai is your AI-powered solution for effortless note-taking. This app uses real-time speech recognition to transcribe conversations and lectures as they happen.
Focus on the present moment during meetings, interviews, or classes, knowing Otter.ai captures every word. Search through the transcribed text later to pinpoint key points, revisit specific moments, and ensure you never miss a crucial detail again.
Pros: Ditch notes, capture every word, easy search later
Cons: Less clarity, limited free storage, freemium account

2. Grammarly

Grammarly is one of the top ten Android apps for users. Its AI-powered app analyzes your text, identifying grammatical errors, typos, and awkward phrasing. It doesn't just point out mistakes but also suggests corrections and improvements.
Whether crafting an email, composing a social media post, or tackling a report, Grammarly ensures your message shines.
It can even suggest synonyms to enhance your vocabulary and recommend different sentence structures for smoother flow. With Grammarly by your side, you can confidently write, knowing your communication is clear, concise, and polished.
Pros: Flawless writing, improves clarity, boosts vocabulary
Cons: Limited free features, over-reliance, lack of human editorship

3. Moises App

Moises uses AI to separate audio tracks, allowing you to remove vocals from a song to create karaoke tracks or isolate specific instruments for musical experimentation. This app is a treasure trove for musicians, music lovers, and anyone who wants to get creative with audio manipulation.
Pros: Create Karaoke tracks, isolate instruments for remixes, a treasure trove for music lovers
Cons: Mandatory subscription, may require high-quality audio, limited editing features

4. Lensa

Lensa takes your selfies and transforms them into captivating works of art. Explore a library of artistic styles, from classic oil paintings and Renaissance portraits to whimsical cartoon filters and edgy pop art.
Lensa.ai utilizes AI to blend your features with these artistic styles, thereby creating unique and personalized digital masterpieces.
What’s more? You can even experiment with various filters, find your perfect artistic doppelganger, and share your creations on social media to impress your followers. Whether you crave a touch of artistic grandeur or a playful cartoon makeover, Lensa.ai offers a fun and creative way to see yourself in a whole new light.
Pros: AI art makeover, explore art styles, fun social media fodder
Cons: In-app purchases, subjective taste in art, privacy concerns

5. ELSA Speak

Regarded as one of the top ten apps for iPhone, Elsa is a pioneer in language development. Struggling with English pronunciation? Look no further than ELSA Speak, your AI-powered English coach. This app utilizes AI to analyze your spoken English, identifying areas for improvement. It provides personalized feedback on your pronunciation, highlighting sounds and words that need work.
ELSA Speak goes beyond simple corrections. It offers interactive lessons and exercises to help you master specific sounds and improve your fluency.
With regular practice and ELSA Speak's guidance, you can gain the confidence to speak English clearly and effectively in any situation.
Pros: Personalized feedback, improves pronunciation, gains speaking fluency
Cons: Limited languages, requires commitment, subscription format

6. WOMBO Dream

Ever feel creatively blocked or simply yearn for your inner artist? Look no further than WOMBO Dream. This art generator takes the reins, transforming your simple text prompts into unique and captivating paintings.
Describe a "mystical underwater city" or a "portrait of a courageous astronaut" to the app. WOMBO Dream uses its artistic intelligence to translate your words into stunning visuals. Explore a variety of artistic styles, from dreamlike landscapes to classic oil paintings.
With this app, anyone can become an art director, generating conversation-starting masterpieces in seconds.
Pros: AI art generator, explore creative prompts, instant artwork
Cons: Limited control, subscription for extensive styles, lack of artistic interpretation
Overwhelmed with AI? Here’s a step-by-step guide to AI basics and platforms.

7. Color by Number

This app takes the classic coloring-by-number concept and injects a dose of AI. It utilizes AI to generate unique pixel art coloring pages based on various themes and styles. While coloring is a relaxing and therapeutic activity, the AI-generated aspect adds a touch of novelty and keeps things interesting for creative minds.
Pros: Short video clips, caption comprehension, target language learning
Cons: Lacks broader understanding of the topic, requires internet connectivity, does not emphasize speaking or writing

8. Socratic by Google

Stuck on a homework problem and traditional methods aren't cutting it? Look no further than Socratic by Google! This learning app is your virtual study buddy. Simply snap a picture of your math problem, science question, or even a historical passage you're struggling with.
Socratic uses its AI smarts to analyze the content and provide you with step-by-step explanations, relevant videos, and alternative solution methods.
It even tackles multiple subjects, making it a versatile tool for various academic challenges. While Socratic can't solve every problem for you, it acts as a powerful guide, helping you understand concepts and develop problem-solving skills for future success.
Pros: Step-by-step solutions, multiple subjects supported, explanatory videos
Cons: Limited problem-solving types, limited solving capabilities, best for understanding concepts

9. Adobe Premiere Rush

This is a great option for anyone who wants to create and edit professional-looking videos on their phone. It has a simple and intuitive interface, but it also offers a wide range of features, including the ability to add multiple video clips, music, and titles.
You can also use Premiere Rush to adjust the color and lighting of your videos and to add special effects.
Pros: Easy to use, mobile-friendly editing, rich asset library
Cons: Limited features, cloud dependence, export restrictions

10. PlayPhrase

This app combines AI and language learning to create a fun and interactive experience. PlayPhrase uses AI to analyze short videos and generate captions in multiple languages. You can choose a video clip, and select the target language you're learning, and the app will transcribe the audio with captions.
Pros: Engaging video clips, interactive learning experience, multilingual options
Cons: Limited context, Excessive comprehension, needs web connectivity
Read more: Take Your First Step With an AI Basics Course For Beginners

There have been an increasing number of juniors visiting this sub asking for advice about writing essays. Below are some tips and advice for making your essay stand out as excellent. Feel free to ask questions because I will answer every single question in the comments.
I know from experience that many of you are struggling to identify a good topic for your essay. Conventional wisdom says to start by brainstorming a list of potential topics, and chances are, you have already started a mental list of ideas. You might think you only have a few choices for topics, based on your activities or experiences, or essay examples you read, or the rough draft you already started (or worse, that GPT started...). I advise, however, that you put down your list of topics and back away from it. Forget that exists for a moment. Seriously - thinking about this initial list tethers you to certain ideas that might not actually be your best options.
Now you can begin brainstorming with a clean slate.
Start with thinking about what you want to show in your entire application, not just one essay. Every single component in your app has one purpose – to tell more about YOU. Filling out the rest of the application by rote and focusing solely on the essay is short-sighted and will leave so much potential untapped in your application.

It's About You. Tell Your Story - And Be The Protagonist

An admissions officer’s goal is to understand you fully, in the context of your background and the rest of the applicant pool. They will begin this with assessing your academic abilities and potential. Then they will evaluate how you will fit into the student body they’re trying to curate. All of this can be somewhat broad and diverse and touch on several institutional goals. But they will dig deep to find out what each applicant is like, what your core values and motivations are, what kind of student you will be, how you will contribute to the vibrant and intellectual campus community they’re building, etc.
Your goal with essay brainstorming is to ascertain how to powerfully tell your story in a manner that will fit these criteria. The entirety of your application (again, not just one essay) aims to showcase your abilities, qualifications, and uncommon attributes as a person in a positive way. Before you begin outlining or writing your application, you must determine what is unique about you that will stand out to an admissions panel. All students are truly unique. Not one other student has the same combination of life experiences, personality, passions, or goals as you do. Your job in your application is to frame your unique personal attributes in a positive and compelling way. How will you fit on campus? What personal qualities, strengths, core values, talents, or different perspectives do you bring to the table? What stories, deeper motivations/beliefs, or formative experiences can you use to illustrate all of this?
It is always helpful to start with some soul-searching or self-examination. You might not immediately know what you want to share about yourself. It’s not a simple task to decide how to summarize your whole life and being in a powerful and eloquent way on your application. Introspection prior to starting your application takes additional time and effort rather than jumping straight into your first draft. But it is also a valuable method to start writing a winning application that stands out from the stack.
You'll see the advice everywhere that all essay prompts are really about the same thing - you. The goal of each essay then is to showcase who you are, what matters to you, and how you think. I guarantee if you're on this sub enough, you'll hear the advice to "show, don't tell" when writing about yourself. But what does this mean really, and how do you do it well? How do you even get started on an essay that does this?

Introspection Questions

It’s often easiest to start thinking in terms of superlatives, especially those related to personal insights -- what are the most meaningful things about you, and what do you value the most? Here is a list of questions to help you brainstorm broadly before you narrow down your focus for writing:

• What are your interests?
  
• What sparks your curiosity?
  
• About what topics do you enjoy reading?
  
• With whom do you enjoy spending time? Who has impacted your life the most?
  
• Reflect upon “superlatives” in your life. What moments were most memorable, formative, enlightening, enjoyable, or valuable? What physical possessions, experiences, dreams, or lessons could make your superlatives list?
  
• Stop and think about what things, people, or circumstances in your life are really unique, fascinating, or outlandish. Are there any that really have a lot of "cultural flavor" (whatever your culture is)?
  

I have a free introspection worksheet with over 100 questions like this designed to help you find ideas worth exploring in your essays. You can find it on the A2C Discord or download it directly here.

Find Your Story And Arc

Think of a small anecdote or story from your life that you could share that serves as a microcosm of who you are and what is important to you. It will massively help you narrow this down and find a gem of a story if you first start by thinking about your application arc or theme. This is the one-phrase summary of your entire application. It could be "brilliant entrepreneur who started her own successful business" or "talented athlete who wants to study economics and finance as they pertain to sports", or even "avid baker whose hobby sparked an interest in chemistry". It doesn't have to be related to your intended major, but it can help your arc be stronger and clearer if it is.
Once you have an arc determined and a story to share, think about what you want that story to say about you. This is where it can help to think of this as something you would share on a date - what impression does it make about you to the reader? Once you know this, start showing, not telling this attribute of yourself through your story. For example, instead of saying that you're compassionate toward others, you show an example of a time you were compassionate, then elaborate on why, and what it means to you.

Essay Brainstorming Techniques

If you are having trouble finding a story, or simply have writer’s block once you have picked your topic, here are some ideas to get your juices flowing:

• Stream of consciousness writing -- Start writing whatever is in your head, and don’t stop for 30 minutes. You probably won’t use what you just wrote for your essay, but it will help you find a starting point.
  
• Journaling -- Answer the prompt as if you were writing in a journal. This will get you in the habit of writing about yourself and establish comfort with the concept. It will also take you to a new level of introspection and self-awareness.
  
• Twitter X style -- Write several rapid-fire responses to the prompt in 280 characters or less. Choose an idea from these responses to expound upon in your essay.
  
• Read each essay prompt, then go through your introspection worksheet responses and connect the stories and insights to one or more of the prompts. Some students like using color coding to visually see how their different ideas might work together.
  

Why Essays Matter

Here's the thing a lot of people don't realize about college admission: it's not an award for being the smartest, most accomplished, or most impressive. It's an invitation to join a community. Far too many students think that if they can just show that they're smart enough, they'll get in. Yale even says right on their admissions website that 75% of their applicants are academically qualified to succeed at Yale. But only ~4% are getting in. That should tell you that they're looking for more than just top tier test scores and grades. To be perfectly clear, you will need top tier grades and (optionally) test scores to show that you're qualified, and the vast majority of my students come to me with this part already in the bank. But what sets the admits apart? It's personal insight - sharing who you are, how you think, what matters to you, and how you engage community. You can't just say "/IAmVerySmart, please admit me," or even "I did a cool thing guys! Isn't that neat!" You need to go deeper and show them your core values, personal strengths, motivations, aspirations, character traits, foundational beliefs, personality, etc. And you need to do it in a charming, winsome way that makes them like you and want to invite you to join their community.
So how do I get students to do this? All of my students complete that introspection worksheet. We go through it and find the stories, examples, anecdotes, conversations, memories, relationships, and other things from their life that will help us craft a strong and personally insightful narrative. We also make lists of the values, strengths, and key personal qualities we want to showcase. Once we have some topics, outlines, abstracts, or rough drafts, we talk about which stories to tell where, how to tell them well, and what details to include to present the best they have to offer. Then we refine, edit, polish, and enhance over and over until the story sings, but more importantly shows their heart and soul. We also go through all the other application components to ensure consistency, quality, and distinctiveness.
Here's why this works so well: at most highly selective colleges there is a primary reader (or 2-3) who will review everything first and then present it to the admissions committee, who then votes on whether to admit you. That presentation typically goes one of three ways:

1. Total enthusiasm, energy, and excitement. They strongly advocate for admission and paint a clear picture of how you will contribute to their goals and community. Everyone in the room picks up on that energy and is leaning forward in their chairs, looking for reasons to admit you. This is quite rare, generally less than 5 out of every 100 applications, even among those which are "fully qualified." When you do this right, you show depth, meaning, and valuable personal insights so the reviewer is learning about who you are and how you might engage the community they're curating. You come alive off the page as a person, not just another file.
   
2. Business as usual. You're another great applicant in a pile of great applicants. They share a basic review of the facts, your profile, stats, strengths, weaknesses, etc. Maybe someone on the committee finds something they love, and they really push for admission. More likely, not and you get deferred/waitlisted even though there wasn't anything "wrong" with your application. They just didn't love you enough to commit.
   
3. "Here's a stack of 20 applications that I didn't find all that compelling, so we won't present them individually, but you guys are the committee and you make the decisions. So let me know if there are any you want to talk about." In this case, unless there's a letter of endorsement from an athletics coach or your last name matches several buildings on campus, you're probably not getting additional consideration, much less admission. They will regret to inform you.
   

Everything we're doing is designed to help them get to know themselves, present the best they have to offer, and land in that first group. Having top tier essays is the single best way to get there. Get started on brainstorming in the next few weeks so you'll have time to get a few essays completed over the summer.

Hi, I’ve been thinking about setting up a pc sometime in the next two months. I want to use it mainly for work but at the same time still play games like Elden Ring in FHD or HD.

What will you be doing with this PC? Be as specific as possible, and include specific games or programs you will be using.

A lot of coding, and playing games like Elden ring on the side.

What is your maximum budget before rebates/shipping/taxes?

1500-2200

When do you plan on building/buying the PC? Note: beyond a week or two from today means any build you receive will be out of date when you want to buy.

In 2-3 months

What, exactly, do you need included in the budget? (ToweOS/monitokeyboard/mouse/etc)

A full engronmic setup, I also plan to use it as a personal server.

Which country (and state/province) will you be purchasing the parts in? If you're in US, do you have access to a Microcenter location?

Canada

If reusing any parts (including monitor(s)/keyboard/mouse/etc), what parts will you be reusing? Brands and models are appreciated.

Maybe my current keyboard. It is a simple microsoft work keyboard

Will you be overclocking? If yes, are you interested in overclocking right away, or down the line? CPU and/or GPU?

No, maybe down the line both CPU and GPU

Are there any specific features or items you want/need in the build? (ex: SSD, large amount of storage or a RAID setup, CUDA or OpenCL support, etc)

I don’t really know what features I need as of now but for storage. 1TB SSD is fine with 32GB RAM. A RAID setup will be appreciated

Do you have any specific case preferences (Size like ITX/microATX/mid-towefull-tower, styles, colors, window or not, LED lighting, etc), or a particular color theme preference for the components?

LED lighting

Do you need a copy of Windows included in the budget? If you do need one included, do you have a preference?

No

Extra info or particulars:

TLDR: I heard about an old scheme called The Airplane Game recently. It reminded me of Bitcoin.
Someone on another sub suggested The Dream podcast, which covers modern scams that prey on people's desire for growing wealth. The first episode kicks off with the story of The Airplane Game. I had never heard of this until yesterday.
The Airplane Game allegedly started in New York City in the 1980's. It organically sprung up in different circles. People participating in the game were pitched to come to a business network seminar that included a life coach guest speaker. Chairs were arranged in a pyramid triangle formation. 1 seat at the top (the pilot), 2 seats behind them (the co-pilots), 4 seats behind them (flight attendants), and 8 seats on the last row (passengers).
The guest speaker would talk about "human potential", prosperity gospel themes, and all kinds of new age advice for growing your wealth and gaining financial independence. Somewhere within the presentation, the game was introduced. Put in $1500 to get a seat on the 4th row. Once all 8 seats on the back row were bought out, the pilot at the top would graduate with $12000. Then triangle would then split into two new triangles - with everyone moving up a row and leaving a new set of back rows for the next round of recruits. Everyone with a seat up front was incentivized to recruit new participants in the game. As that would speed up their path to cashing out as a pilot.
If I recall the woman being interviewed on the Podcast, the original participants were a high energy crowd and no one really connected the idea with it being a Ponzi scheme. They had no trouble recruiting and they bought in to the new age BS about the prosperity they rightfully deserved. The Airplane Game simply reinforced it. The groups would meet periodically with different speakers, introduce new players, give payouts, and talk more enlightenment. Even pilots who cashed out had no reason to not play again for another $1500.
Eventually, they ran out of suckers. And eventually some "low energy" folks would be left holding the bag and complaining loudly since they were unable to sell more seats on the plane. Then the cops and feds started raiding the Airplane Game parties across the country. And the whole thing collapsed.
Now here's where I think this intersects crypto. Bitcoin is just the Airplane Game on a bigger scale. Both are Ponzi schemes. Both are backed by a farcical philosophy promising a path to financial prosperity. There's gurus that espouse the philosophy to gain the trust of new recruits and so on. Without the hype factor being whipped up by those most incentivized to do so, both Bitcoin and and The Airplane Game seem dumb. But once the self-help prosperity philosophy is sprinkled in, it becomes a magnet for certain people.
If we can understand the psychology of people enticed by the Airplane Game. We can probably extrapolate that level of thinking to Bitcoin fanatics. Thank you for coming to my Ted Talk.

I’m tired of all this nonsense around ‘West Ham fans are ungrateful’, 'They just want to see attacking football', blah blah. Look, Moyes has steadied a sinking ship, he done well with that. I'm grateful for it and we've had good times together. He developed some players who were already coming through and saw them grow into star players. However, West Ham fans are not delusional. There are a plethora of sensible reasons that we are fed up with Moyes. So here goes, and if I miss anything, please add it in the comments.

1. Veto power - David Moyes had veto power written into his contract, this is no secret. Rumours abound the targets Steidten set his eyes on. Moyes has been rumoured to have railroaded discussions with Alex Scott and turned down multiple options Steidten put forward. Most notably, these players tend to be younger, and more in-line with the club’s vision rather than David Moyes’ individual vision. This was the reason for one sole signing in January. Kalvin Phillips: Moyes’ choice.
2. Game Management - Moyes’ game management leaves a lot to be desired. He reminds me a lot of Gareth Southgate. These two coaches tend to watch a lot go on and watch the game change in front of them, responding late and often overcome by a greater tactician when facing off head to head. A key part of this is his failure to use substitutions to adapt; in the game against Villa at home, putting Ben Johnson on at right wing rather than going 5 at the back, we could see from our seats the space opening up and the inevitable goal. Moyes let it come, did nothing.
3. Substitutions - In the 2022/23 season, we made 48 substitutions across the season. Man City made 47, no-one made fewer than this. Brentford made 70 that season. Under DM, we have used all five subs ONCE since it’s been allowed (3.4%) to Brighton’s 82.1%. We make fewer subs than anyone else and frankly, our numbers are massively fluffed up with late, last minute cameo subs that don’t have any impact on the game. It’s typical for Moyes not to make a change before 70 minutes in.
4. Not giving opportunities to youth - Last year, our youth team paraded around the pitch. Thrilled at their victory and hailed as the future, excitement surrounded those boys. Since this, several members of the squad have gone on to pastures new. Ben Johnson has been mostly frozen out and will leave on a free, along with Mubama. Youth prospects are pure profit for clubs with PSR in full-swing; we give ours away under Moyes. In Moyes’ first season back, 0.5% of minutes were given to u21 players. Last season, 36 minutes were dished out in the league. This season, 74 minutes across the whole season have been given to teenagers. This is shameful, especially when you’re managing a club that takes pride in their youth development. This, for me, is the key reason I am happy to see Moyes go. Young players should be given a chance, tied down to contracts, and sold on to help our PSR numbers if they aren’t going to crack it, ideally with a sell-on clause in the contract.
5. Mentality - He offers far too much respect to some teams. Look at the Luton game last week. Sit off them, let them come? Seriously. Once we went at them and actually injected some intensity into the game, we took them out of the game and frankly dominated. This is a common theme with DM and I’m tired of it. Showing up to Bristol City and treating the game like we’re the underdog? Please.
6. Style of play - I actually don’t hate this. Some games have been damn entertaining and against some defences, the kick and run tactic is fun to watch and hugely effective. Sadly though, people are praising DM as a defensive manager when this season is our worst for goals conceded. I would like to see us dominate the ball more, especially at home and certainly against smaller sides. The biggest issue for me isn’t so much this style, it’s more about the fact that most of the time, there is absolutely …
7. ZERO Pressing - So often we watch a team play with the ball, then someone decides to press and BAM! We almost score, Bowen snatches one, Keeper almost tackled. We have a deadly frontline (except Antonio). Paqueta was the top presser in the French league when he arrived. Alvarez is a destroyer. We have a team that is ready to press, win balls back and take risks. With this approach, there will be an uptick in numbers and goals for us next season.
8. Stubbornness - He refuses to change his mind, admit he’s wrong, or consider other possibilities. This was shown with him railroading the Alex Scott transfer, vetoing replacements in January and pushing through Kalvin Phillips. This was show with him refusing to put an arm around our young boys and convince them to stay. This has been shown way too frequently and quite frankly, the game is changing.
9. Form - 4 wins in 2024. 7 draws. 7 losses. -16 Goal Difference. Need I say more? His stubbornness has not allowed him to adapt in this period and has seen us utterly blown away in some games.
10. A changing game - Managers are fading out of the game. Head coaches are the future and have been for quite some time. It’s about time we moved in that direction and had someone putting the club first so that we are better set up for long-term stability and success.

I am grateful to David Moyes for steadying the ship, leading us through Europe and I stood and applauded him the other day. However, Paul Merson can do one, along with every other pundit who keeps questioning us and telling us to be grateful. There are good reasons why we wanted Moyes out, and style of play was a minor part. I haven’t heard a single person on TV or podcasts put any of these points across, so I wanted to spill them all out here in the hope that someone, somewhere, actually comes to understand that WHUFC fans have genuinely logical reasons for wanting Moyes out. Lopetegui will do his three years as long as Sullivan doesn’t renege on any promises, and they will be three good years.

Greetings Im looking to sell my Ork Collection and get out of the Hobby, looking for around $3000. This collection is extremely converted to be a Bloodbowl Themed ork army. I will be resorting to piecing this out eventually but I am trying to sell as a collection first. If someone wants it I am offering a great deal as Included are paints and bins/boxes pictured with the Models and most are well painted and ready to play.
Models Included are:
New on sprue

1. Mork/Gorkanaught

Assembled and unpainted
Unpainted

1. 10 Converted Shoota boys with a noble holding a Kustom Shoota and a boy with a big shoota
2. 3 Mek Weapons with all options magnetized
3. The Red Gobo converted to be not Christmas themed
4. 2 Meks with Shock attack guns

Painted and based

1. Ghazgull and Makari
2. Snikrot
3. 21 Ork Kommandoes (3 special Nobz claws, 5 with Burnas, rest with Slugas and Choppas) converted
4. 1 Morkanaught
5. 3 Big Meks in Mega armor, 2 with force fields , 1 with teleporty blasts
6. 3 Deff Dreads with 4 Claws each
7. 2 Deff Killa Wartrikes
8. 2 Rukkatrukk Squigbuggies
9. 2 Megatrakk Scrapjets
10. 2 Boomdaka Snazzwagons
11. 2 Kustom Boosta Blastas
12. 2 Shokkjump Dragstas
13. 2 Trukks (one with coach leading team, one with magnetic Ork cheerleaders)
14. 1 Battle Wagon open topped with converted music band
15. 120 converted Boys with Choppas - 4 special Nobz with claws
16. 10 Converted Tankbustas and 6 bomb squigs
17. 60 converted Stormboyz - 2 Special Nobz with claws
18. 2 Pain boyz (1 converted)
19. 10 Nobz with kombi weapons
20. 10 Nobz with Power Claws and slugas
21. 10 Mega Nobz converted with kill saws
22. 10 Mega Nobz with Claws and kombi weapons
23. 2 Ork Big Meks with Forcefirkf
24. 1 Converted Ork Warboss in Mega Armor
25. 1 Ork Warboss with Claw attack squib and Kustom shoota (converted)
26. 1 Ork Warboss with Big Choppa , Kustom shoota
27. 2 Converted Weird boys
28. 2 Converted Nobz with Waaagh banner
29. 20 converted Gretchen Various state
30. 15 Orks on bikes (Nobz mixed in)
31. Ork Nobz converted with dual choppas

Other

1. Spare bits
2. Tons of paint and hobby tools/ supplies
3. Multiple carrying cases
4. Old Ork Codexs and cards
5. Various dice
6. Fish tackle containers holding models

If you have any questions or want to inquire please do so.
https://imgur.com/a/MbKCYFZ - Date and Overall
https://imgur.com/a/warhammer-40k-orks-T3eDlVJ - Detailed pics

What is Looking-Glass Self? This is concept in sociology, discovered in 1902 by Cooley - and his theory states that we form our own identity based on what we think other people think who we are. In fact, the whole sociology is based on social anxiety- the very same social anxiety that psychiatry (CBT and DSM) are pathologizing and trying to cure and destroy and present as mental illness.
Without social anxiety, without ability to worry what other people think about us - we would lose social skills, empathy and civilization norms - such as not eating others.
"If it weren't for the nervous people in the world, we'd all still be eating each other." The Misfits (1961) https://youtu.be/h56iL7vK5Y0
When people consume chicken - they eat the flesh of animals because there is no ability to connect with the slaughtered animals as conscious beings who are able to think and perceive us. So when we destroy social anxiety- our ability to worry what other people think - we will become psychopaths, sociopaths and narcissists. This also provide us with important information of self expression and holding toxic people accountable - by stating the facts and truth. Toxic people learn to suppress social anxiety - and this gives them ability to be cruel. And the only way to probe their delusions is to speak the truth to them. And that is why toxic people mock and go into hysteria mode - because their suppressed conscience and morality and ethics are eating them from inside.
Dolphins are not caught with smiles but cruelly with hooks, Michele. One day you will learn to be cruel. Caravaggio (1986) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GF12uM_GK74
Sociology is based on social anxiety - that we form our own identity based on society. We need other people to provide us information who we are and how to express ourselves. The language is the very first thing that society gives us to define who we are - by using the very words that society is using.
Theories of the Self
William James (1890): A person has "as many social selves as there are individuals who recognize him and carry and image of him in their minds"
Charles Cooley (1902): Views of self reflect the standpoints of significant others in our lives ("looking-glass self")
George Herbert Mead (1934): We imagine the perspectives of others and incorporate these into our self views - and that this occurs continuously as we interact with others on an ongoing, moment to moment basis.

Having a distorted looking glass (incorrectly imagining others’ opinions of us) can cause bad feelings, or a negative self-image. https://wa01001786.schoolwires.net/cms/lib/WA01001786/Centricity/Domain/70/Socialization%20Notes.pdf
What happens when we are around toxic people - is that our identity is deformed as well. CBT claims, along with DSM, that our worry what other people think - is personality disorder, called Borderline:
Reality testing is ability to perceive reality properly. Without too much deviation from facts. Borderline refer to you if want to know anything about reality. “Do you think so too?” Narcissist will tell you "am I not genius". YT Richard Grannon & Prof. Sam Vaknin about Fantasy
Borderline personality disorder is a mental health condition that affects the way people feel about themselves and others, making it hard to function in everyday life. It includes a pattern of unstable, intense relationships, as well as impulsiveness and an unhealthy way of seeing themselves. (Mayo Clinic)
The truth is - if we are around toxic people, their criticism will affect our self worth. Their constant nagging, constant nitpicking, constant error finding and constant drama about anything that moves - will have an effect on our sense of stability and security in the world. This is not disorder. This is simply how society works. In order to heal our mental health issues - we need to repair connections with other people - which may include minimizing exposure to toxic people or cutting toxic people completely off from our lives.
We will never feel secure, confident, worthy - if there are toxic people around us who are criticizing us and others all the time.
Improving our relationships is improving our mental health. William Glasser
Interpersonal strife with those close to us leads to rifts and resentments that produce symptoms of mental illness; these problems are, in fact, the logical consequence of troubled relationships. Glasser emphasizes that lasting psychological problems are usually caused by problems in our personal relationships (rather than signifying a biochemical abnormality in the brain), and distress can be remedied through repairing these relationships without recourse to psych drugs. DK psychology book, WILLIAM GLASSER
Being able to feel safe with other people is probably the single most important aspect of mental health; safe connections are fundamental to meaningful and satisfying lives. Dr. Bessel van der Kolk
In another words: feel safe with other people = mental health
The single most important issue for traumatized people is to find a sense of safety in their own bodies. 🟦 Bessel A. van der Kolk
Toxic people cause social anxiety. That is why social anxiety is called social+anxiety. There is social element that is causing the anxiety. There is social factor contributing to anxiety. It is not called self-anxiety. We did not catch social anxiety by walking randomly in the street when it was rainy, so we caught a common cold. It is not like we felt bored in our lives so we invented neuroticism to keep us active and occupied. Social anxiety must start in childhood with ACE and ACoA where we learned from early on - that life is dangerous, that people are not safe, that we must worry to be hyper-vigilant and that we are unworthy if we make any kind of mistakes. We learned that our flaws, imperfections and mistakes are our core personality - abnormal and inept.
Society attacks early, when the individual is helpless. B. F. Skinner
This is how we end up with Broken Looking Glass Self. Distorted Looking Glass Self. We end up with operant conditioning - to worry what other people think in such way that we attempt to think for the other person ahead of time, so that they do not get mad of us - and then attempt, we try hard not to make other people mad. And how we execute this operant conditioning - depends on our background, people around us and punishments to which we were exposed as kids. Most socially anxious learn to keep quiet. To shut up. To self censor. And to self blame. If the other person is angry or hysterical - we will feel responsible for their mood swings and we will try hard to fix their emotions and their problems. Soon - we spread this fixing on other people, who are not angry - and we create fake social mask that is always pleasant and nice and helpful to anyone, especially if they are angry and rude and intrusive. We learned to interpret their anger as our fault and our abnormality. Looking glass self is broken - because it does not reflect any more - now we imagine how to please other people without using looking glass (mirror) - as all people use it.
Other people are there as information post. They broadcast who they are, many of them mask their true Self and present fake version of themselves, their social mask. Our brain will naturally form opinion about us through the words and opinions and non-verbal gestures from other people, strangers or our acquaintances. This part is totally normal. This is not disorder. This is not illness. The disorder starts when we try hard to fix other people's conclusions about us by making ourselves small and by changing our routine so that we soothe the other person. Instead of CBT techniques - all that we need to do here is to allow other people to think whatever they choose to think about us. Simply allow other people to hate us and leave it at that.
We really have to work very hard at changing our programming because we don't understand we're upset because someone else has a perception of us that we're uncomfortable with. And we challenge this person's perception of us. We're upset that people think this about us. Something amazing happens when you begin to accept that other people are allowed to have their own faulty perception of you. 🟥 Lisa A. Romano Breakthrough Life coach Inc.
For the next step, sociology will also help us. CBT and DSM, psychiatry is telling us concrete steps which we must take - and morally and ethically speaking - this is illegal. When someone orders us what we must do - this is called manipulation and coercive control. This way anyone who is psychopathic and narcissistic can climb, grab and push their way to powerful position of ordering others what to do - and then evil people can easily manipulate and control the masses. This is what happens with psychiatry. Psychology on the other hand explains concepts - psychology does not order us what to do in life and how to react. That is why Humanistic psychology is healthy.
It is the client who knows what hurts, what directions to go, what problems are crucial, what experiences have been deeply buried. Carl Rogers
In the same manner as Humanistic Psychology and IFS Model - sociology also has the similar term that allows clients freedom in own choices - which is called Thomas theorem.
The Thomas theorem is a theory of sociology which was formulated in 1928 by William Isaac Thomas and Dorothy Swaine Thomas: If men define situations as real, they are real in their consequences. In other words, the interpretation of a situation causes the action. This interpretation is not objective. (wiki)
If men define situations as real, they are real in their consequences. - formulated in 1928 by William Isaac Thomas and Dorothy Swaine Thomas
This means - that no other person can objectively tell us what is the best way to go in life. We need our inner GPS, our intuition, our common sense, other people as well - to form our reality and our construct of the future where we are headed. With CBT and DSM - we do not have this freedom. With CBT and DSM - we are pathologized instead - and all our focus is spent on fixing our symptoms - we are literally self consuming ourselves with CBT.
In real life- real life situations will not allow us to form rigid mindset. Any other person, any other situation in life - good or bad - is always unique and different. Sometimes it is great that we shut up and that we self censor ourselves - especially if we are tired and we don't want to harm other people with our nagging and complaints that will go off as soon as we get to sleep and rest. On the other hand - many situations in life that are triggering our social anxiety require from us to self express, that we talk out our truth - no matter how much manipulative people attempt to shut us up with mocking and shaming.
So when we allow other people to form toxic conclusions about us - we need to know that we can rely on our brain, on our intuition to tell us how to react and what to do and how to behave. We have this mechanism inside us. We do not need to pathologize ourselves with CBT. CBT will tell us that we must be assertive in order to handle toxic people. This is horrible advice because:
"If you have been the scapegoat in a narcissistic family system, the concept of setting a boundary is laughable. You would be telling them exactly how to hurt you, and they would happily oblige. Also, trying to set a boundary in a calm and tactful way would be met by resistance in the form of mocking and ridicule, attempting to bait the scapegoat into anger, which would prove you are the problem." YT kingbee9778
"I feel gaslighted by the therapy mantras of “ you have to teach people how to treat you “ ,(setting boundaries). No you don’t and no you can’t. First of all, it’s not my job to teach an adult how to behave like one and quite frankly, it’s a trap and a drain hole. Secondly, I DON’T CONTROL OTHER PEOPLE. They will do what they want, especially if they have the tiniest ounce of power over you." YT gertrudewest4535
When we follow CBT - we will repeat the broken Looking Glass Self when we exposure ourselves to social situations - and social anxiety will not go away - because we will continually process the same ways reality and other people in a manner that is toxic to us - through seeking approval from other people, through self flagellation, through harsh inner critic and internalized toxic shame.
To fix broken Looking-Glass Self means fixing social anxiety: when we are afraid of what other people think about us. With CBT we self pathologize our normal reaction to worry what other people think about us. This is not disorder, it is totally normal to have awareness that other people are thinking about us.
Many social anxiety coaches will use "Spotlight effect" as proof that other people do not worry about us:
"The spotlight effect is the psychological phenomenon by which people tend to believe they are being noticed more than they really are."
In toxic contact - toxic people - those same ones who trigger our social anxiety - do notice anything about us. In normal population - other people will think about us and we will define each other - through the process called The Michelangelo phenomenon - where we chisel each other into better version, where we change our toxic habits that hurt us as much as they hurt other people. In unhealthy, toxic social dynamics there will be the opposite: Golem Effect and Crab mentality. Where there is competition and where other person is perceived as threat and someone to pull down.
A lot of content on mental health in mainstream media does not cover the unique corner that survivors of narcissistic abuse live in. Not one mention of being in any kind of toxic relationship. “Avoid your triggers” is not easy in narcissistic relationships. When the discomfort is living in your house or down the street or in the next office. It was not even rumination, but reality. And the constant exposure means you don't get a break. 🟥 DoctorRamani https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uusKWmjUk6k
I'm not setting boundary with these people. “Don't do this with me”. “Don't say this with me”. It's all internal. Because if you try to set a boundary with someone who's narcissistic or antagonistic – it's never going to work. And I think it's unsafe guidance to give.
With this dangerous person no. But what are you willing to tolerate. How can you protect yourself emotionally. What access can you remove. Move these people from VIP section.
🟥 Dr. Ramani - Terri Cole
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eSHI5N-w5sk
With broken Looking-Glass Self - we end up being trapped in toxic people's minds. Similar to horror movie / book The Cell from 2000. Even when we develop Who cares attitude, and when we consciously try to block and build walls away from toxic people, when we try hard to push down and suppress toxic people - we are still trapped in their reality of what they potentially might think about us. This is why CBT is not working - because CBT tries hard to convince us to use suppression as method to block social anxiety. And we cannot block other people - we need other people for our identity and our self worth - where there is healthy interaction called Interdependence. Toxic people behave in codependent way - they see other people as competition and this creates codependency. They need other people like vampires need blood - to exploit someone's attention, someone's focus, money, time and or resources of any kind. It is like give me, give me, give me - and provide nothing in return. With social anxiety we end up giving others without observing if the other person is emotionally invested in us at all. It ends up and one side interaction, exploitation really. Social anxiety means suppress anger as well. We learned to push our anger away - and this attracts toxic people who count on our silence and understanding and toxic empathy - knowing that they can cross boundaries of social interaction in their favor and we won't make any kind of protest. Then our own only protection - is avoidance. Therefore - social anxiety is natural defense mechanism against dangerous criminally insane psychopaths who are abusing their power position against ourselves.
In our teen years we experiences bully experience - after years of exposure to ACoA and ACE (constant criticism and constant drama at home) - so we generalized the belief that we cannot trust other people - and we learned that we process reality through broken Looking Glass Self - where we appease other people with our decisions - by being afraid what other people may think badly of us - since we were pressed and pushed into equating social rejection and our self worth as if they are one of the same. And psychiatry - instead of explaining us that it is totally normal to worry what other people think - CBT explains us that this is abnormality. This faulty explanation from medical industry is adding more trauma and more toxic shame and it gives our inner critic free reign to self abuse us - because we believe we are abnormal and ill if we worry what other people thin about us. In reality - all people worry about others. Even psychopaths worry what other people will think, along with narcissists - because they know that they need to form fake social mask of charm in order to seduce new victims into their agenda of exploiting and manipulating others.
Looking-Glass Self tells us - that we simply allow toxic people to form bad opinion about us in their heads - and that we absolutely do nothing to change this image that toxic people freely choose to believe about us in their heads.
You're no longer going to play the game of what can I do differently to get them to behave differently – because the answer is to that is nothing. That's radical acceptance. It takes long time. And it's not just accepting their behavior is not going to change, it's also the way it affects you is also not going to change. Just because you radically accept doesn't mean that somebody screaming at you is going to hurt any less- it does,it hurts a lot 🟥 Dr. Ramani - Terri Cole https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eSHI5N-w5sk
Other people will hurt us. They will say mean and untrue things about us. They will attack us - this has nothing to do with who we are. Their choice to harm and hurt other person - is abnormality in their brain. Normal healthy sane people do not attack others. Normal healthy sane people have ability to emotionally regulate themselves. Person who does not have this ability - is sick and mentally ill. And this has nothing to do with us. We are not the ones who can cure them by changing our behavior.
Lundy Bancroft: "Abuse is NOT caused by bad relationship dynamics. You can't manage your partner's abusiveness by changing your behaviour. But he wants you to think you can."
The pain that we feel when toxic people attack us, verbally or physically - is normal pain, we need this pain as the instruction for us what to do with severely damaged people around us.
If you are not feeling pain, anger and sadness while you are taking in psychological abuse or something similar – you are going to end up in those situations over and over again –because you are not logging information that your body telling 🟥Heidi Priebe https://youtube.com/watch?v=GTQohPaGnSY
People say it bothers me when they say these things. I say, because they say bothersome things. I don't want you to lose that part of you. That part is good index what is okay, what's not. From that point – excavation. A person pulling their true self out of their relationships. If you grew up with narcissistic parent, it was a true self that never even got to develop. It's how much your identity got co-opted. What do I like, what do I stand for. 🟥 Dr. Ramani - Terri Cole https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eSHI5N-w5sk
The core of narcissistic person is very fragile. That's why they lose it when you critique them. Or give them feedback. Or don't read their mind. Or don't do exactly what they want. And that's why they use all kinds of tactics like manipulation, gaslighting, invalidation, dismissiveness, competitiveness, betrayal. Some of them are tactics, some are unemphatic behavior. And it gives them the upper hand in relationship. Control, power gives them supply. 🟥 Dr. Ramani - Cole https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eSHI5N-w5sk
With social anxiety - we do not need psychiatry. Socially anxious need sociology. It is after all social issue. Social anxiety is anxiety that is connected to society - the name itself reveals this crucial aspect: society, social, societal. Psychiatry will only leave us lacking and with belief that something is horribly wrong with us, when we are around toxic people:
DSM doesn't explain anything. So many therapies and particularly CBT and others are just so focused on extinguishing symptoms which were once strategies of survival. And it doesn't make sense that you want to extinguish – we want eventually to move away from these symptoms and these strategies but I certainly don't want to pathologize them or look at them as somehow defective because they have saved our lives. 🟥 Transforming Trauma Episode 21 IFS & NARM https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yRTHacVAwdk
When we stop self pathologizing our social anxiety - we will unburden ourselves with toxic idea that feeling pain is abnormal and sick. And it will give us energy to start looking what is causing this pain - instead of focusing ourselves on chasing the symptoms. Without the stigma and labels - we will have much more resources at our disposal to handle difficult people in life who are causing our social anxiety in the first place.
With social anxiety - we need to learn about the Cooley's concept Looking-Glass Self and other terms from sociology. Instead of pathologizing our social reactions - we simply need information to confirm us that we are not abnormal and inept as CBT paints the socially anxious. We need information to learn what our rights are.
Five themes of microaggression against people with mental illnesses
1. Invalidation
When other people dismiss their illness or symptoms through minimizing their experience, symptomizing their normal experiences, and patronizing
2. Assumption of inferiority
When other people assume that people with mental illness have lower intelligence, are incompetent, and that they do not have control
3. Fear of mental illness
When other people fear them because they believe that they may be dangerous or unpredictable
4. Shaming of mental illness
When other people tell them that they shouldn't let others know about their mental illness
5. Second class citizen attitudes
When other people treat them as if they don't have the same rights as the dominant group of society.
Mental Health Forum, 2016

Diagnosis is not an excuse to be selective about their rights. Autistic not weird
Healing the Broken Looking-Glass Self means learning about the mentality - which we never had chance to learn in our developmental years. Other children learned this concept via keeping connections with other people. We - started to avoid people. Even when we were around other people - we pulled our investment emotionally with other people - and this way we never learned that other people are safe. We developed the stump growth - that is being stuck in age 12, when we started to avoid people. Similar to the plant that cannot grow roots in small basin or tree/plant that is stumped in growing due to some kind of obstacle to grow upright. Our growth was shaped from the perspective of not trusting other people - because they harmed us. Other people learned to develop certain amount of trust. They learned to filter out the bad people. And they learned that they are safe to express themselves - without being punished for it. This is why their social anxiety is in normal threshold. They will experience stress and then behave in anti-social manner, they will express their anger without problems - because they were never pushed into forming their self worth through worry what their tormentors might think about them. So it is not like social anxiety is abnormality or sickness - it is simply that non-socially anxious people were lucky enough to grow in healthy ambient, and that is their secret. They were not stronger. They were not more competent. They were not better or superior to the socially anxious. They simply had privilege and entitlement that helped them over-pass developmental years without fearing other people. Their mechanisms how to handle triggers - are mostly unhealthy (lacking empathy) - but their Looking glass self was not broken. With interaction with other people, with other children, they learned naturally to allow difficult people to hate them. Instead of worry - that is found in social anxiety - they simply turned their focus onto other people. With social anxiety - we do not have other people, we have no one to turn to, since we learned that other people are painful and traumatic. We never learned that hanging around with other people is enjoyable experience - and if someone is rude, toxic and abnormal - that we are allowed to focus and place our attention to better, healthier people around us.
In shame culture ambient - we will learn that other people criticism is reflection of our worth - and that is Broken Looking-Glass Self. That we cannot feel good about ourselves until other person reflects positive words about us to us:
Young American explained why she left Croatia:
"In Croatia people constantly express intrusive opinion about matters which are none of their business. The most irritating things were rude people."
https://www.poslovni.hlifestyle/amerikanka-napusta-hrvatsku-neucinkovitost-i-birokracija-te-ljudi-koji-nemaju-motiva-za-napredovanjem-u-poslu-358422
Young American explained why she escaped from Croatia:
"Often I heard Croats intruding why am I eating something, or commenting about what I wore. There is no such thing in America, we allow people to be what they want to be. People here are strange as if I am inside toxic relationship."
https://www.vecernji.hshowbiz/amerikanka-u-hrvatskoj-iznenadila-objavom-ljudi-su-ovdje-cudni-kao-da-sam-u-losoj-vezi-1351757
Don't look to the approval of others for your mental stability. 🟦 Karl Lagerfeld
We will heal social anxiety trauma with healing our choice to stay stuck around toxic people. We can cut toxic people - even when we are unable to leave them physically - by severing the trauma bonding in our mind - that is broken Looking-Glass Self.
No one can make you feel inferior without your consent. Eleanor Roosevelt
Yes, toxic people are pathological liars, They spread gossip. They create drama and hysteria. Toxic people do not have word toxic stuck on their forehead. Toxic people will not behave toxically in front of others - because they depend to look good in the eyes of other people - so they also have Looking-Glass Self no matter how much they said that they do not care what other people think about them. Therefore - social anxiety is clear indication that we are around toxic people. Toxic people do not allow us to express ourselves - and they use various methods of coercive control to manipulate their targets. The first step is to sever this trauma bonding - by allowing them to hate us.
That we basically stop impressing others.
Don't try to impress others. ✝️ Bible, Philippians 2-3
Cooley said our sense of Self comes from how we think other people see us. “I am not what I think I am. I am not what you think I am; I am what I think you think I am.” Other people's reflections of us and how we think about those images they have of us help create our sense of Self. Grades from teachers can reflect back to us an image of ourselves that we then internalize and becomes our self-perception. They effect self-image. 🟥 The Looking glass self https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1X1wwTCuZBo
We imagine we are seen by others. And that imagination forms our identity. Our identity is being shaped by others. Others is agent which influences who we are in society. You begin to believe that and you begin to see as your identity, what other people think of you. Intelligent, high self esteem, outgoing – you believe what people say about you, it becomes your identity. Our identity is formed through the way we imagine people see us.
🟥 Looking-glass Self https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_UWOflUXKUQ
That imagination comes from interaction with these people. In the process of interaction they tell you this is what we think about you. And then you go off believe in that. You don't control what people think about you. Front Stage Behavior: Familiarity breeds content-With front stage they behave nicely. It's in subconsciousness of individuals that they have to behave a certain way in public. At interview- they smile, but is this who they are?
🟥 Looking-glass Self https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_UWOflUXKUQ
It is often said that American Beauty is a film about identity. Each character seems to go through a very personal identity crisis. But I would argue that this crisis are not personal at all. They are products of wider social forces. We may define ourselves based on prevailing attitudes towards sexuality, beauty and material success. Sense of self strongly influences by social world.
🟥 American Beauty Film Analysis: The Sociology of Identity https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c6youJFbEgQ
Ricky shows Jane that he likes her as she is. Eventually this leads her abandoning the idea of surgery and gain enough confidence and self-esteem to tell Angela what she really thinks of her. Freed from idea that everyone looks down on he because of her physical appearance, Jane's sense of self is no longer defined how she looks, how she looks to others.
🟥 American Beauty Film Analysis: The Sociology of Identity https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c6youJFbEgQ
An individual realize its self by reflecting others' perceptions about him. They use social interactions as a mirror. A Person grows and develop due to interpersonal interactions of the Society. When one interacts socially, one completely considers how one looks in the eyes of others. Negative response leads to depression and anxiety.
🟥 Looking Glass Self Theory https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vAzsBj6yTpw
Looking Glass Self where you see yourself the way you think others see you. You can't see the way others truly see you. So you're seeing yourself they way you think others think they see you. You can see how much is lost in the translation. You're much more beautiful than you think. You attract so much more than you know. There's more going on with you than you care to acknowledge. Beauty is not about what you see. It's about what you reflect. 🟥 Looking Glass Self https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NFEkq8uDiJU
Mirror in front of you, and you are looking at yourself in the mirror, the way it is – is mirror in reality. As Masha labels you, tells you, comments on you, provides you all kinds of feedback, your self continues to develop. The way society perceives you and gives feedback about you. It is considered important to yourself and you have that impression that is how I should be. Their significance or importance makes you proud.
🟥 Looking Glass Self https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xa-PD1YVxj4
There is something you have never understood, Joe. These people at the top, they are the same as anybody else. But you had it inside of you to be so much bigger than any of them. You just had to be yourself. That was all. With me you were yourself. Only with me. Room at the Top (1958) https://youtu.be/Cs1C_Tu2crI

I was strolling through the mall(forgot the name of it, and I happened across Gold's Gym. Got a month membership(will mainly use it on Saturdays, because I work 6 days a week) and did some dumbbell bench presses, dumbbell butterfly curls, hammer curls, leg extensions, and topped that with the Big 3.
THEN, followed that up with a 4-mile weighted power walk(25lbs total; 10lbs on arms, 15 on legs), and finished that with a 20-minute sit in the sauna. It was an AWESOME Saturday, but you bet my ass is feeling it now!

So, I was a child of the 90s (I would have been born just after S2). And I never wanted to be one of those pedantic trainspotter types who gets hung up on minor details... but... It's weird seeing LCD screens and HD webcams in the 1990s. Those CRTs were still around until the 2000s. And the costumes are still so 90s! Cream suits and turquoise shirts, anyone? And the soundtrack is 90s classics. You don't think technology would impact popular culture a little more? Like, loathing the self-congratulatory culture of the US, and observing the flaws in American society was a big theme in grunge, and they featured Nirvana, Soundgarden and Smashing Pumpkins. Would that music exist if they lost the space race?
I get that tech may have developed at a different pace, but it's jarring. I know the dialogue would be clunky if they were saying "Ed, we've had monitors like this since 1988," or "Danny, why do you love that music that pretends we were first on the moon," or whatever, and they're not going to commission a whole new musical style (not when Apple music gets a few extra downloads when viewers recognise a song). It's just odd.
Do you think a little more restraint would have been appropriate, or should I relax and remember it's just a TV show?

TLDR: A “spike” isn’t enough for top colleges. In the course of pursuing diverse extracurricular activities, you should prove that you are “intellectual” by demonstrating curiosity, competence, communication, context-awareness, and critical thinking.

What’s Wrong With Spike Theory?

“Spike Theory,” one of the most popular approaches to admissions strategy, is based on the idea that by accepting students with “spikes” in different areas, colleges can create a well-rounded class. Creating a spike is about demonstrating that you are extremely passionate about something, preferably excel at it, and can communicate its importance to you in your essays. But “Spike Theory” basically stops there, and it’s not enough anymore. With such a large applicant pool, it is very difficult to stand out with passion and excellence. The amount of time and energy required to be “excellent enough” to constitute a “spike” is likely to compromise other important parts of the application (such as academics and test scores, and possibly leadership). And if you are “outspiked” by other applicants, what’s left to make a strong argument for your admission? Additionally, from a college’s perspective, there may simply be too many spikes to choose from. Even the “longest” spike may not be the “missing piece” they’re looking for.

Types of ECs

In helping students think about planning and describing their extracurricular activities, I use a framework of five categories:

1. Intellectual pursuits outside the classroom
2. Leadership
3. Service (community/social/environmental)
4. Personal skill development/hobbies
5. Physical activity There might be some rare exceptions for physical activity, and Depending on the applicant’s goals and obligations, I might add the categories of “business/career-oriented” and “family responsibilities.” But otherwise, I consider each of these five essential no matter what an applicant wants to study. My strategy is not just to make sure each of the categories is checked off, but to find and innovate activities that fit into multiple categories. The more categories an activity covers, the more unique and memorable that activity tends to be. The “spike” lies not in the degree of achievement, but in its uniqueness. (A word repeated often by a former MIT and Cornell admissions officer I work with is “singular.”)

In this post, I’d like to elaborate on what I consider the most important category of extracurricular activity: intellectual pursuits outside the classroom. (These are commonly called “academic” ECs, but my terminology implies something a little broader.)
I’ve often said that all colleges are looking for students who are intellectually curious, but the most competitive colleges are looking for students who are intellectual. To create actionable advice on how to demonstrate both intellectual curiosity and intellectualism, I have developed what I call the “Five Cs” of intellectual pursuits: curiosity, competence, communication, context-awareness, and critical thinking. I’ll explain what I mean by each and suggest some ways you can demonstrate them. (These suggestions are illustrative, not exhaustive.)

CURIOSITY

What It Is

Interest in a topic.

Why It’s Important

All colleges are looking for students who love to learn. The reason is very straightforward: colleges are first and foremost places of learning, and colleges want students who are motivated to learn. Curiosity also drives deeper inquiry and lifelong learning, which are highly valued in academic (and many professional) settings.

How to Demonstrate

• Online classes from reputable companies, institutions, and instructors
• Academic competitions (such as AMC and Olympiads)
• Reading
• Debate and other academic club involvement
• Attending lectures
• Academic summer programs
• Research projects

COMPETENCE

What It Is

Being good at something.

Why It’s Important

Except for recruited athletes, certain fine arts students, a few politically connected applicants, and some legacies, colleges admit primarily on the basis of academic potential. Someone who is intellectually talented is generally more likely to succeed academically and contribute to a discipline. With so many students applying with perfect grades, pursuits outside the classroom (to any degree of success) will often be what sets an applicant apart.

How to Demonstrate

Any form of external recognition by a qualified and competent authority:

• Olympiad medals
• Peer-reviewed papers
• LORs from established academics or experienced team coaches attesting to your talents
• High accolades in summer programs
• Debate/MUN/mock trial achievements that are judged by adults (not student judges)
• AP scores in subjects you have studied independently (yes, I know this is controversial, but I’m standing by it)

Your counselor and teacher LORs can effectively attest to your excellence as well if your recommenders have attended the kinds of schools you’re aiming for (e.g. T20s) and/or have gotten to know many students who went on to attend such institutions. This is a major reason “feeder” schools exist and do their job; admissions officers can trust alumni and counselors with whom they have an ongoing relationship. If you’re not from a feeder school, then your grades, involvement in ECs, and school LORs will not be as compelling, and you should pursue outside recognition if possible.

COMMUNICATION

What It Is

Demonstrating that you understand something through written and spoken words.

Why It’s Important

Success in college depends on good communication skills. American classrooms can be very interactive, with group projects in STEM classes and labs, and discussion-heavy seminars in all disciplines. The ability to explain complex topics in simple terms is valued because it suggests the ability to do well on exams and serve as an informal mentostudy partner or formal teaching assistant (TA). At US colleges, undergraduates often serve as TAs for younger students, sometimes as early as sophomore year. TAs with high proficiency in English are especially valued, as a common complaint among undergraduates at Ivies and other top colleges is poor English proficiency of graduate-student TAs.

How to Demonstrate

• Receiving recognition for papers, orations, and presentations from an authority familiar with the skills at the level of those who attend top universities.
• Effectively tutoring others in high-school level subjects.
• Being involved in a successful team, especially if writing is involved.
• Your essays may also give you a chance to explain intellectual concepts as you describe your specific interests.
• For international students, high scores on the Speaking and Writing sections of the TOEFL or IELTS exams or Production section of the Duolingo English Test. (I’ve written and argued more extensively about this elsewhere, but I’m not sure I can link to it here.)

CONTEXT-AWARENESS

What It Is

Understanding the connection of what you’re learning to other disciplines, its practical applications, and how it fits into the corpus of human knowledge.
Context-awareness includes thinking about a subject from different perspectives and disciplines. Let’s say you’re interested in cars. You can think and learn about cars from many different approaches:

Physical Sciences and Engineering

• The engineering of engines and motors.
• Materials science and wear analysis for gears, tires and other moving parts.
• The overall engineering design and integration of automobile components.
• Destructive testing and crash analysis.
• The basic sciences of how cars work: fuel chemistry, thermodynamics, electromagnetism, battery electrochemistry, aerodynamics, and deformation mechanics.
• The environmental impact of automobiles.
• The impact of automobiles on human physiology and health.

Computer Science and Engineering

• Technologies and algorithms for self-driving cars and driver aids including computer vision, feedback, LIDAR, etc.
• Software and hardware for entertainment and driver interfaces.
• Programming of firmware for engine control units and other operational systems.

Economics and Business

• Issues in international trade, including protectionism, tariffs, trade deficits, labor impact, and capital flow.
• The structure and governance of automotive companies.
• How automotive companies brand and market their products.
• Resale models involving showrooms, franchised dealerships, licensing, and the used car market.
• Labor issues such as unionization and workplace safety.
• Automotive financing and car companies as lenders and bond issuers.

Other Social Sciences

• The effect of the automobile on urban and suburban development, population distribution, and commercial activities.
• The automobile as a status symbol and the significance of certain cars among different ethnic and socioeconomic groups.
• The effects of car ownership on teen and young-adult independence.

Fine Arts and Humanities

• The artistry of designing a car’s visual appearance taking into account mandatory features, ergonomics, safety regulations, and other constraints.
• 3D modeling.
• The history of automotive technology and trends in its development.
• The role of the automobile in popular culture such as movies and TV.
• The car as a place for media consumption, such as radio and drive-in movies.
• The study of the history, organization, and/or cultural significance of motorsports.

Someone interested in cars would not be able to explore all of the above topics in depth, but an “intellectual” would strive to learn from multiple angles and demonstrate awareness of others. These disciplines comprise the modern “liberal arts.”
Context-awareness also includes understanding how the discipline developed and the major figures—past and present—who have contributed to the discipline.

Why It’s Important

This liberal arts approach is not restricted to “liberal arts colleges.” Ivy League undergraduate programs have a liberal arts curriculum, even if they are in a specific business or engineering school. There will always be humanities and social science requirements even for business and engineering students, and all top colleges (including MIT and Caltech) emphasize an interdisciplinary approach that includes humanities and social sciences. They may have slightly different traits and accomplishments they’re looking for, but an interdisciplinary approach is something they all share. If you can demonstrate that you are already inclined toward this type of thinking, you are more likely to be seen as a good “fit” for any top university.
This type of thinking is not often emphasized in high-school STEM curricula, especially those in other countries that focus more on rote memorization and repetition of techniques within a strict rubric. Demonstrating that you understand and appreciate context reflects that you are prepared for future academic pursuits and a multidisciplinary, integrative approach.
Those familiar with the principles of AI know that context-awareness is a basic concept there too. GPTs trained on large datasets (like ChatGPT) are so good because they have a lot of context. In essence, the more context-aware a human or machine is, the “smarter” they are perceived.

How to Demonstrate

ECs that combine intellectual pursuits with service, leadership, and/or personal skill development demonstrate that the subject is important to (respectively) society at large, other individuals in your community, and/or yourself and your personal growth. Those are contexts for learning. You should identify and develop your passions, and then use your application to demonstrate that you are well suited to a top university. In other words, as you develop your profile and craft your application, you will give the impression not that you’re doing your ECs “for college,” but rather you’re going to college *to pursue your ECs*. And if you’re genuinely passionate about something and are able to develop your intellect along the way, that will actually be true.
A few examples of the kinds of students and activities I’ve helped them develop are:

• An accomplished dancer designing a tactile stage to allow blind people to dance, and giving them lessons.
• Someone interested in the life sciences advocating for cancer awareness and overseeing the manufacturing of prostheses while studying biology of cancer.
• An experienced martial artist studying the psychology and physiology of sexual assault (in both attacker and victim) while teaching self-defense to women in her community.

The first two students got into multiple Ivies, and in the first case one Dean of Admissions hand-wrote a note about how cool they thought the dance project was. In the last case, the young woman got into a T30 with only four out of 10 ECs filled up in her application, but she covered all five categories: intellectual pursuits (1) by studying relevant academic disciples; leadership (2) and community service (3) by organizing and teaching the class; and personal skill development (4) and physical activity (5) by using her martial arts skills. The first three of her four activities were: martial arts accomplishments; studying and writing about the academic disciplines; and teaching the class. (The fourth EC was an unrelated volunteering activity.) She didn’t need any more ECs than that to create a well-rounded profile and a memorable impression. The intellectual study of self-defense and martial arts was done in the context of everything else.
Your essays and LORs should demonstrate context-awareness, especially if the nature of your ECs do not immediately make it evident. In fact, this is the primary purpose of any EC essays and a potential primary or secondary purpose of your main essay and “community” essays. That’s not to say your main essay necessarily has to be about your ECs, but if you’ve developed your ECs with a related theme across disciplines and they involve your personal skills and/or identity, it’s likely you have a lot to say about them. This will probably include unique personal feelings, experiences, and perspectives—all important ingredients in a successful essay.
There are certainly impactful activities that involve the other categories and not intellectual pursuits, but those activities can become more relevant to a college application if given an “intellectualized” context through essays.
For example, I had a Chinese-national student living in Italy who organized a charity run around the Aurelian walls of Rome, his home city. The run wasn’t huge; it had fewer than 50 participants and raised €800, a very small impact compared to what a lot of applicants accomplish these days. The essay was mostly about navigating Italy’s notorious bureaucracy and slow-moving commerce to make the run happen. But his main intellectual interest was in classics, so I suggested that he incorporate some appreciation for history and the juxtaposition of ancient structures with a modern, bustling city, plus Latin and Italian phrases here and there for some “flavor.” In the essay he was able to take a kind-of-interesting but lackluster EC and tie it to his intellectual interests. This was ultimately appealing to the multiple T20s he got into (including a very competitive joint business-degree program).
Essays based on “Spike Theory” include some context-awareness with respect to personal passions and world-changing aspirations, but the strategy is generally not as nuanced and sophisticated as the one I’m describing.

CRITICAL THINKING

What It Is

Examining the nature of the discipline, the characteristics of the approach you’re taking, and the effect of inquiry itself on how we understand the world.

Why It’s Important

This is the goal of a liberal arts education. You need to learn the facts, master them, communicate your thoughts effectively, and understand why something is important and how to approach a topic from multiple disciplines—all so you can learn to think critically. I won’t get into all the different forms of criticism, but there are many. You may have heard of controversial topics like “critical race theory” or “textual criticism,” but criticism includes (usually) less inflammatory topics. The classical modes of thought such as thesis/antithesis/synthesis (together “analysis”) are about understanding the facts and their context, then thinking critically to come up with novel ideas. These are the modes of thought that are taught and applied in elite colleges.

How To Demonstrate

You can select ECs that help you develop critical thinking skills, but that’s just a start. Olympiads can do this only to a limited extent; problem-solving within a discipline is a form of critical thinking, but not quite the interdisciplinary kind colleges value most. Your ability to synthesize information and innovate ideas as part of your ECs is generally reflected in LORs and awards specifically established to recognize critical thinking.
However, the main way to prove your critical thinking skills is through your essays. That’s not easy to do, but you can get an early start on what your application might look like.
Whether you’re an eighth- or ninth-grader planning your extracurricular activities or a senior preparing to write about your personal passions, leadership experiences, cultural background, and community service, ask yourself:

• Why am I doing this?
• What are the fundamental issues I’m trying to address?
• Is what I’m doing or plan to do really the best approach?
• Am I making the right assumptions, or might they be erroneous or out-of-date?
• Is (or was) my activity, cause, or project the best use of my resources? If not, what would be?

Parents, counselors, and other professionals can help teens explore these kinds of questions. An effective EC profile requires more than checking boxes and more than creating a spike: it involves critical planning, execution, and expression.
The most successful applications reflect intellectualism at their core. By developing the “five Cs” of intellectual pursuits, integrating them throughout your activities, and incorporating them into your application, you can demonstrate that you are ready for a liberal arts or engineering education at the highest level.