Mafia proverbs

The Bible cannot be used as a resource for objective morality

2024.05.13 09:00 PapaMamaGoldilocks The Bible cannot be used as a resource for objective morality

I know this has been restated a million times here, but I will be discussing slavery and how one cannot look at the Bible and say that it is a perfect judge for morality.
Roman slaves were chattel slaves
I've seen a common defense from apologists being something along the lines of, "But the slaves in the Bible were all indentured..."
This is a flat out lie.
In Paul's letters to Ephesians, he states, in Ephesians 6:5-9: 5 "Slaves, obey your earthly masters with respect and fear, and with sincerity of heart, just as you would obey Christ. 6 Obey them not only to win their favor when their eye is on you, but as slaves of Christ, doing the will of God from your heart. 7 Serve wholeheartedly, as if you were serving the Lord, not people, 8 because you know that the Lord will reward each one for whatever good they do, whether they are slave or free.
9 And masters, treat your slaves in the same way. Do not threaten them, since you know that he who is both their Master and yours is in heaven, and there is no favoritism with him."
This is in reference to Roman slaves, which were chattel slaves.
The causes of slavery consisted of taking prisoners of war, birth into slavery (two biggest causes), debt (for non-citizens), punishment for crime, enslavers finding children abandoned by their parent, etc.
Below, you will see how Roman slaves were treated.
'Above all, however, slave bodies were tortured and physically abused, even unto death, with no consequences for masters. Plautus’ second century BCE plays regularly feature slaves terrified over an impending whipping, a trope that was meant to elicit laughs from the audience. Similarly disturbing insouciance about physical abuse is found in the epigrams of the first century CE poet Martial: “You think me cruel and too fond of my stomach, Rusticus, because I beat my [enslaved] cook on account of a dinner. If that seems to you a trivial reason for lashes, for what reason then do you want a cook to be flogged?”38 And assaults were often much worse than a beating. The physician Galen speaks of his experience of masters, including his own mother, biting their slaves or gouging out their eye with a writing stylus.39 Ultimately, the master could even kill his slaves with impunity. This he sometimes did by contract, especially through the brutal punishment of crucifixion. An inscription of Puteoli (modern Pozzuoli) lays out prices set by a company that specialized in torturing and crucifying slaves on contract, allowing the master to hire out this messy and physically demanding affair to specialized professionals.40 Here again Constantine became uneasy with this level of violence and issued a law forbidding the deliberate killing of slaves in 319 CE, but in a subsequent law he granted tremendous leeway for masters who happened to kill a slave in the course of “corrective punishment.”'
'Even when slaves were not openly abused, they lived in constant fear of violence. They also lived in a world of “natal alienation,” which meant that they were permanent outsiders, excluded from civic or political rights and privileges, excluded from control over their own birth families and offspring, and excluded from final control over their very bodies and personhood. Their names could be assigned to them by a master and could be changed at any time, particularly when they were sold to a new master. Their children could be exposed or sold by their master at will. And they themselves could be liquidated for their cash value at any moment. We have evidence of this process from multiple sources which reveal enslaved persons intended for sale were usually stripped down to a loincloth, displayed on a raised platform (catasta), made to wear a garland if they were war captives and/or marked with chalk on their feet if they were imported from overseas, their “defects” (disabilities, diseases, habits) were publicly proclaimed on placards hung round their necks, and they were subject to humiliating physical inspections by potential buyers (Fig. 5.3).42 They were, in other words, treated in the manner of livestock at market, with all of the attendant dehumanization and degradation.'
https://link.springer.com/chapte10.1007/978-3-031-13260-5_5
In Exodus, it gives rules for what you can and cannot do with your slaves.
Exodus 21:20-21: 20 “Anyone who beats their male or female slave with a rod must be punished if the slave dies as a direct result, 21 but they are not to be punished if the slave recovers after a day or two, since the slave is their property."
This could be applied to the Gentile chattel slaves in Leviticus 25:44-46: 44 “‘Your male and female slaves are to come from the nations around you; from them you may buy slaves. 45 You may also buy some of the temporary residents living among you and members of their clans born in your country, and they will become your property. 46 You can bequeath them to your children as inherited property and can make them slaves for life, but you must not rule over your fellow Israelites ruthlessly."
However, this essentially means that the only rule for the owning of slaves would be that you may not kill them (at least in Exodus -- other rules for slave owners are communicated later in the Bible).
The Bible condoning slavery
The Bible mentioning slavery without condemnation (when the culture widely accepts it) is absolutely evidence that it supports it. Especially given the Bible's own ethical stance about not rebuking your neighbor for their sins being hating them in your heart (Leviticus 19:17).
Further, the New Testament welcomed slaveholders into the church and told them how to carry out their acts of enslavement in a Christlike manner: Ephesians 6:5-9. Paul was extremely clear about allowing people who habitually sinned into the church-fornicators, drunkards, covetous people, etc. Christians weren't even supposed to eat with those people: 1 Corinthians 5:9-12. Imagine if Paul welcomed adulterers into the church, didn't condemn their behavior and told them how to carry out their acts of adultery in a Godly manner? Or if he told Mafia style extortionists how to carry out their acts of extortion in a kind and Christlike manner? No, Paul and the Bible in general do not see owning chattel slaves (which is what Roman slaves were) as wrong. They see treating them badly as wrong, but they do not see owning them as sinful.
Regarding comparisons to slavery in the south, the Bible does not teach equality of social status and OT slavery was somewhat of an improvement over ANE slavery, but that doesn't prove God opposes slavery. The south improved their regulations on mistreating slaves over time, and some states had "better" laws than others. That does not mean those legislatures were composed of abolitionists. It just means they thought there should be some regulations on how brutally you can punish the most defenseless members of society -- just like in Exodus 21:20-21 and Exodus 21:26-27.
However, some will argue on the basis of the Torah. Mosaic law is considered a reliable guide to righteous conduct (Psalm 19:7-11, 2 Timothy 3:16). You can think that this is righteous conduct for the time -- but if chattel slavery was righteous conduct for the time, it cannot be inherently wrong. And the burden would be on you to explain to a southerner why whatever rationale you give for why chattel slavery was ok in the OT (and not to mention Roman chattel slavery in the NT) would not apply to southern slavery.
Also, again, the Bible goes out of its way to encourage masters to physically discipline their slaves in Proverbs 29:19. We know this is encouraging beating, because it denies that slaves can be disciplined by words, and we know from Exodus that beating is how slaves were disciplined. We also know that the Bible thinks that slaves tended to be considered to often be fools (Proverbs 11:29) and that beating is recommended as a way of dealing with fools (Proverbs 26:3, Proverbs 10:13, Proverbs 19:29). There is very little doubt that this is what the Bible is encouraging. We can compare this to the Roman Stoic philosopher Seneca who argued that masters should only discipline their slaves by lashing them with the tongue (Moral Letters to Lucilius 47:19). Proverbs 29:19 could have been written as a rebuke of what Seneca said. If God was just accommodating hardened hearts, why would he go out of his way to encourage this, when even a Roman philosopher thought slaves should not be treated the way the Bible advocates?
https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Moral_letters_to_Lucilius/Letter_47
Women being seen as similar to slaves
"Wives and apprentices are slaves; not in theory only, but often in fact."
-George Fitzhugh, Sociology for the South (1854), Pg. 86.
"The husband has a legally recognized property in his wife's service, and may legally control, in some measure, her personal liberty. She is his property and his slave.
The wife also has a legally recognized property in the husband's services. He is her property, but not her slave."
-George Fitzhugh, Cannibals All!: Or Slaves Without Masters (1857), Page 341.
"But other consequences follow from the abolitionist dogmas. 'All involuntary restraint is a sin against natural rights,' therefore laws which give to husbands more power over the persons and property of wives, than to wives over husbands, are iniquitous, and should be abolished. The same decision must be made upon the exclusion of women, whether married or single, from suffrage, office, and the full franchises of men. There must be an end of the wife's obedience to her husband. Is it said that these subordinations are consistent, because women assent to them voluntarily, in consenting to become wives ? This plea is insufficient, because the female sex is impelled to marriage by irresistible laws of their nature and condition."
-Robert Dabney, A Defense of Virginia (1867), Pg. 265.
“The parent has the right to the service of his child; he has a property in the service of that child. A husband has a right of property in the service of his wife; he has the right to the management of his household affairs. The master has a right of property in the service of his apprentice. All these rights rest upon the same basis as a man's right of property in the service of slaves.”
-Rep. Chilton A. White, The Congressional Globe (1865), Part 1, Pg. 215.
https://books.google.com/books?id=Xrs-AAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
Google Books
The Congressional Globe
Just as slaves were in some respects considered both property and people, the same is true of women -- in both the 1800's and in the Bible. Exodus 20:17 prohibits coveting your neighbors wife, but not your neighbor's husband for a reason. Because on some level, women were seen as property, even if they have some rights and weren't viewed as being in a completely shameful role.
Kidnapping
Kidnapping is going to be a key term. If you consider one nation/tribe going to war with another nation/tribe and taking men, women and children as slaves to be kidnapping, then Roman slavery was heavily based on kidnapping. If you don't, then a lot of the trans Atlantic Slave Trade victims wouldn't be kidnapped either, since that's how many of them were acquired.
"As a concomitant of the rise and fall of various African rulers and ruling parties, their political opponents, people of high social status, and their families were sold to promote internal political stability. Poor people were sold to reconcile debts owed by themselves or their families. Chiefs sold people as punishment for crimes. Gangs of Africans and a few marauding Europeans captured free Africans who were also sold into slavery. Domestic slaves were resold and prisoners of war were sold. However, Boahen, an African scholar, asserts, 'The greatest sources to supply slaves were raids conducted for the sole purpose of catching men for sale and above all, inter-tribal and inter-state wars which produced thousands of war captives, most of whom found their way to the New World (Boahen 1966:110).'" (See the section: "Who was enslaved and Why").
https://www.nps.gov/ethnography/aah/aaheritage/histcontextsc.htm
The article discussed the widespread societal harm to African societies. I do want to make that clear, it did not promote internal stability. I quoted that part solely for the sake of making the point about war. I see this as kidnapping.
Some other things:
Just in case you appeal to 1 Timothy 1:10 as a prohibition of slavery:
https://youtu.be/N7A-VSIt1jg?si=YUYuBEd6buta56Cn
And just in case you want to appeal to Deuteronomy 23:15-16 as a requirement to not return escaped slaves (TLDR: it only applies to foreign owned slaves who escaped to Israel -- according to most Christian commentators):
https://biblehub.com/commentaries/deuteronomy/23-15.htm
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2024.03.01 17:43 MorningBegonia (Spoiler) I watched ManSuang, here are some of my thoughts (+context on cultural and historical aspect)

As ManSuang is now on Netflix, I finally had a chance to watch it. I'm a Thai person who likes historical shows and movies (For Bls, I have watched I Feel you Linger in the Air and To Sir, with Love). I'll most likely be watching its sequel series, Shine, as well. Anyway, here are some of my thoughts:

Pros & Cons

(Minimal spoiler)
Pros:
- Good acting from the actors and actresses, even the supporting casts are full of talents, really makes me believe they are the character they're playing. The emotional moments were done really well.
- The producers definitely did a lot of research on history and traditional Thai dance as reflected on the show
- The scenes are amazing, the background, props, costumes, lightings are all pretty
- The cultural context was neatly put in the movie without feeling forced
- Probably one of the few movies that features political period theme, and also draws a parallel to the present day political conflict as well, the producers are quite brave for that
Cons:
- It’s too short, I feel like they jumped from scene to scene too fast, especially in the beginning. If the scenes were longer, it would've been more emotionally impactful for the audience. Also, it would be nice to spend some more time with the characters so that we know more about their personalities, motives etc. (I heard that the director's cut was 3 hour long, wonder if we will ever see that version)
- The plot is quite simple and predictable in some parts. I wish there were more layers to the mystery side of things.

The Characters

(heavy spoiler from now on)
Overall, I like that most characters are not black-and-white, everyone has their flaws and reasons for doing what they did.
Khem - A commoner from the countryside, struggled to step up the social ladder through various means. It’s easy to write off this character as ambitious and will do any dishonorable act for power, but when we think about it, did he really have a choice. Was it wrong for him to want to be recognized as a human being not just some object to be used. On the other hand we see that he is a serious hard working person who has genuine love for the art of dancing. We can see this struggle between the two aspects of his life throughout the movie. He is also very caring to those he considered friends.
Chatra - A noble son who disguised as a commoner to find a document that could save his family. A character with a clear goal in mind, willing to risk his life for his loved ones. Though he was born noble, he was sympathetic to the lives of common people. His character also dealt with moral ambiguity, was he selfish for trying to cover up his father’s crime to protect his innocent family members at the cost of other innocent people (Khem and Wan). In the end he made a risky decision but he was able to save both.
Wan - A character that I love and hate at the same time. What happened to his family was truly tragic, but he let vengeance blind him to the point that he couldn’t distinguish right and wrong. He is gentle, naive, traumatized, and easily manipulated, he is also the character that never got any justice or reward. But his mistake was to take revenge on an innocent person because of his prejudice. In the end, he must have felt that his only friend betrayed him and sided with the “enemy”, so he had nothing left in this world to live for. I wonder if things could have ended up differently if he and Khem had a heart to heart discussion before things boiled over.
Hong - Though he doesn’t have much screen time, he is a complex character. What I could see from this character is desperation, he didn’t know if could trust anyone, even his own family. Since his father’s death, he has been ridden with doubt and suspicion to the point that he rather trusts some strangers rather than his own men. He was pressured by all parties, yet he knew almost nothing. It must have felt like being blind in the middle of a storm. The actor did a great job of portraying the character’s emotion.
The Nobles (Phraya Bodisorn, Phraya Wichiendej) - Typical politicians, cut from the same cloth, just serving different masters. What I find interesting about these characters is that they don’t solely exist just to antagonize the protagonists. They have their bigger plans and agendas, our protagonists are just tools for them. They didn’t get any retribution at the end, which is frustrating but pretty realistic.

Some random thoughts

- At first I wondered why Phraya Bodisorn would sent someone who don't know English to look for a document written in English. But then I realized, he doesn't want anyone to know about the content of the letter that prove him guilty. So he probably order Khem and Wan to look for a document written in foreign language with a certain seal on it. But the involvement of Chatra, who knows English, makes things complicated.
- Towards the end of the movie, what’s stopping Phraya Bodisorn and Phraya Wichiendej from just killing Chatra and getting rid of the documents? Chatra better find a powerful back-up or hide those documents really really well.
- To burn those life-and-death documents for someone you have just known for a few months, I personally think they’re more than “just friends”.
- I wish we got to learn more about the ladies like Phikul and Tubtim, they seem to have interesting backstories.
- Despite being promoted as a Mystery, I think ManSuang fits more as a Political Commentary. There is a proverb in the movie, “When the elephants fight, the grasses collapse”, meaning when powerful people fight, it’s the poor people that suffer. As we saw in the movie, the nobles eventually make up when there’s benefit for them, that means Khem and Wan suffering are for nothing they just got caught in the crossfire between powerful forces.
- On the day of ManSuang theater release, the long-time rivals political parties in Thailand joined hands and shocked the entire country as it seemed almost impossible. Likewise, in the movie Phraya Bodisorn and Phraya Wichiendej suddenly collaborated. People have been making jokes that the script writer saw the future.

Historical and Cultural context

– ManSuang and the characters are fictional but the events that took place are real such as: the uncertainty about the heir to the throne, the Tua Hia underground society, the influence of the Chinese and British. (More details on each point below)
– The movie begins at the last year of King Rama III’s reign, the King was ill but hadn’t named an heir. Though the King had many sons, none of them were born from the queen since the King didn’t name any of his concubines as queen. Also none of his living sons were interested in politics and ruling. King Rama III himself was born to the concubine of the previous king and he had two younger half-brothers who were born to the previous queen, Prince Mongkut and Prince Chutamani. The two Princes were deemed the most suitable candidate for the throne. In the end Prince Mongkut ascended the throne and named his brother, Prince Chutamani, the viceroy of Siam with equal honor to himself.
– Though the movie does not explicitly state it, I think Phraya Bodisorn and Phraya Wichiendej were serving each of the princes and trying to compete for power by hoarding weapons. (They don’t even need to do any of this at all, since historically the Princes are on good terms)
– During the reign of King Rama III, Siam had good trade relations with China, due to the King being part Chinese and being good at commerce. Therefore, many Chinese people migrated to Thailand during this period of time and opened many businesses and establishments while Thai people preferred agriculture. (If you ever wonder why there are so many Chinese descendants in Thailand today, most of their ancestors came during this period. The Chinese population in Siam surge from 230,000 to 792,000 in just a century, making about 10% of the total population) These Chinese merchants often formed groups to look after each other.
– The Tua Hia society is the biggest and most influential trade group of Chinese merchants in Siam. They valued secrecy, and family ties. They also had a ritual of drinking chicken blood as shown in the movie.
– Khem and Wan are from Chachoengsao, a province to the east of Bangkok (known as Phra Nakhon back then). A few years before the event of the movie, there was a Tua Hia riot in Chachoengsao. These Tua Hia behaved like mafias and terrorized local people, though the Tua Hia claimed they were oppressed and taken advantage of by the local government. The Tua Hia even overtook the local government until the capital sent an army to purge them. There were thousands of deaths in the aftermath. This event caused distrust towards Chinese people, even the innocent ones.
– During this time Siam still had an okay relationship with The British Empire and traded with them, but the issue of colonization was worrying to the Siamese court. There were also some British merchants colluding with Chinese merchants smuggling opium and illegal goods into Siam.
– About traditional Thai dancing, in case anyone is interested, the plays in the movie are called สังข์ทอง SangThong (The one in the opening scene), อิเหนา Inau (The one with Apo in red costume), and ลิลิตพระลอ Lilit Phra Lo (The one with Apo in gold costume)
It was considered the golden age of art and literature during the previous reign of King Rama II, but King Rama III did not fancy art so much, so dancing also fell out of favor in the royal court. (That’s probably why Mae Kru Phikul is working at ManSuang.)
- There is a Prince called Prince Kraisorn (he died shortly before the event of the movie took place), who is known to be homosexual. He owned a dance troupe, have male lovers who are dancers, and being very open about it. I wander if his story was part of the inspiration for this movie.
– You might have noticed that some characters had black teeth, that’s because Thai people in the past liked chewing betel nuts. They tainted the teeth black which was considered beautiful by ancient Thai people but foreigners thought black teeth were ugly.
– About the noble titles: Phraya is a third rank official. Towards the end of the story, Chatra was promoted to a Luang (fifth rank official), and Khem was offered to be a Khun (sixth rank official)
This is all I could think of for now (and the post is way too long already), if there are any questions, feel free to ask. I would love to hear about everyone’s thoughts about the movie as well. I’ve only watched it once, so if there are any mistakes or something I missed please let me know. Also, I didn't watch with subtitles so I wander how well is the translation, was it good or confusing with all the names.
submitted by MorningBegonia to ThaiBL [link] [comments]


2024.01.23 21:26 SHotaYamashita223 History of Luck in Japanese Culture: Superstitions, Symbols, and Beliefs

Luck has played an integral role in the Japanese culture for centuries. It is deeply ingrained in the Japanese way of life, and beliefs surrounding it can be traced back to ancient times. Luck is a concept that is difficult to define, but it is generally thought of as a force that brings good or bad fortune to individuals. In Japan, luck is associated with a variety of cultural practices, including religion, folklore, and language.
The origins of luck in Japanese culture can be traced back to Shinto beliefs. Shinto is an indigenous religion of Japan that dates back to the 8th century. It is based on the belief in kami, which are spirits or gods that are present in all things. Shinto teaches that these spirits can bring good or bad fortune to individuals, and that it is important to maintain a harmonious relationship with them. This belief in the power of spirits to influence one's luck is still prevalent in modern Japanese culture.

Key Takeaways

Origins of Luck in Japanese Culture

Luck has been an integral part of Japanese culture for centuries, and its origins can be traced back to ancient Japanese beliefs and customs. The Japanese have always believed that luck plays a vital role in determining success, happiness, and prosperity in life.
The concept of luck in Japanese culture is closely linked to the idea of karma, which is the belief that a person's actions in this life will determine their fate in the next. This belief is rooted in Shintoism, the indigenous religion of Japan, which emphasizes the importance of living in harmony with nature and the spirits that inhabit it.
One of the most important symbols of luck in Japanese culture is the Maneki-Neko, or "beckoning cat." This popular figurine is believed to bring good luck and fortune to its owner, and it is often displayed in shops, restaurants, and homes throughout Japan. The Maneki-Neko is typically depicted with one or both paws raised, as if beckoning someone to come closer.
Another important symbol of luck in Japanese culture is the Daruma doll. This traditional Japanese doll is modeled after Bodhidharma, the founder of Zen Buddhism, and is believed to bring good luck and fortune to its owner. The Daruma doll is typically painted red and is often used to set goals or make wishes. When a person sets a goal or makes a wish, they color in one eye of the doll. If the goal or wish is achieved, they color in the other eye.
In addition to these symbols, there are many other customs and traditions in Japanese culture that are associated with luck, such as omikuji (fortune-telling paper strips), fukubukuro (lucky bags), and the use of lucky numbers and colors. Overall, luck continues to play a significant role in Japanese culture and is deeply ingrained in the country's traditions and beliefs.

Shinto Beliefs and Luck

Shintoism, the indigenous religion of Japan, has a significant impact on the country's culture and beliefs, including its views on luck. Shinto beliefs center around the idea of kami, or spirits, that inhabit all things in nature, including rocks, trees, and animals. These spirits are believed to be responsible for good fortune, protection, and blessings.
One of the primary ways that Shintoism influences views on luck is through the practice of omamori, or amulets. These amulets are small, portable charms that are believed to provide protection and good luck. They are often purchased at Shinto shrines and are available for a variety of purposes, including success in school, safe travel, and good health.
Another way that Shintoism influences views on luck is through the concept of enmusubi, or the idea of spiritual connections between people. According to this belief, people are connected to one another through invisible spiritual threads, and these connections can influence one's luck and fortune. This concept is often used to explain why certain people seem to have good luck or bad luck in their lives.
In addition to these beliefs, Shintoism also places a significant emphasis on purification and cleanliness. This is because impurities are believed to attract bad luck and negative energy. As a result, many Shinto rituals involve cleansing oneself or one's surroundings to ensure good luck and blessings.
Overall, Shintoism has a significant impact on the way that luck is viewed and understood in Japanese culture. Its emphasis on spiritual connections, amulets, and purity all contribute to a unique perspective on good fortune and blessings.

Buddhism and Luck

Buddhism has had a significant influence on the Japanese culture and its beliefs about luck. According to Buddhist teachings, one's destiny is determined by karma, which is the result of one's actions in past lives. Therefore, good luck or bad luck is seen as a consequence of one's past deeds.
Buddhism also teaches that one can improve their karma through good deeds, such as acts of kindness and generosity. This belief has led to the Japanese practice of giving gifts or donating to temples and shrines in hopes of improving their luck.
One popular Buddhist practice in Japan is the ringing of temple bells. It is believed that the sound of the bell can purify the mind and bring good luck. Visitors to temples may also purchase omamori, small amulets that are believed to bring good luck and protect against bad luck.
Another important aspect of Buddhism in Japanese culture is the concept of impermanence. This belief emphasizes the transience of all things, including luck. Therefore, it is important to cherish good luck when it comes and not become too attached to it, as it will eventually pass.
Overall, Buddhism has played a significant role in shaping the Japanese beliefs about luck. Its teachings on karma, good deeds, and impermanence have influenced the practices and rituals surrounding luck in Japanese culture.

Folklore and Mythology

Fortune Gods

In Japanese culture, there are several gods of fortune or "fukujin" that are believed to bring good luck and prosperity. One of the most well-known fortune gods is Ebisu, the god of fishermen and luck in business. Ebisu is often depicted carrying a fishing rod and a red sea bream, which is a symbol of good luck and prosperity. Another popular fortune god is Daikokuten, the god of agriculture, prosperity, and good harvests. Daikokuten is often depicted carrying a large sack of rice and a wooden mallet, which is believed to bring wealth and prosperity.

Legendary Creatures

Japanese folklore is filled with mythical creatures that are believed to bring good luck and fortune. One such creature is the "maneki-neko," or the beckoning cat. The maneki-neko is a popular figurine that is often found in shops and restaurants. It is believed that the cat's raised paw beckons good luck and prosperity. Another legendary creature is the "kirin," a mythical creature that is often depicted with a deer-like body and a dragon-like head. The kirin is believed to bring good luck and is often associated with prosperity and longevity.

Mythical Stories

Japanese mythology is filled with stories of gods and goddesses who bring good luck and fortune to those who worship them. One such story is the legend of the "Seven Lucky Gods," a group of deities who are believed to bring wealth, happiness, and longevity. Another popular myth is the story of the "Lucky Mallet," which is said to have the power to grant wishes and bring good luck to those who possess it.
Overall, the folklore and mythology of Japan are deeply intertwined with the concept of luck and fortune. From fortune gods to mythical creatures to legendary stories, Japanese culture is filled with symbols and traditions that bring good luck and prosperity to those who believe in them.

Lucky Charms and Talismans

In Japanese culture, lucky charms and talismans are believed to bring good fortune and ward off bad luck. These objects are often sold at shrines and temples, and are commonly carried in purses, pockets, or hung in homes and cars.

Omamori

Omamori are small, rectangular amulets that are sold at Shinto shrines and Buddhist temples. They are made of silk and contain a prayer or blessing written on a piece of paper inside. Omamori are believed to provide various types of protection, such as good health, success in exams, and safe travels.

Maneki-Neko

Maneki-Neko, also known as the "beckoning cat," is a popular talisman in Japan. These figurines are often seen in shops and restaurants, and are believed to bring good luck and prosperity. The cat is depicted with one or both paws raised, as if beckoning customers to come inside.

Daruma Dolls

Daruma dolls are traditional Japanese dolls that are modeled after Bodhidharma, the founder of Zen Buddhism. They are often sold at temples and shrines, and are believed to bring good luck and perseverance. Daruma dolls are typically made of papier-mâché and are painted red with white eyebrows and mustache. When a person sets a goal, they color one eye of the doll, and when the goal is achieved, the other eye is colored in.
Overall, lucky charms and talismans are an important part of Japanese culture. They are believed to bring good fortune and are often used in everyday life to provide protection and success.

Traditional Games and Luck

Japanese traditional games have always been closely linked to the concept of luck. Many of these games are played during festivals or special occasions, and winning is often seen as a good omen for the future. Here are some examples of traditional games that are associated with luck in Japanese culture:

Hanafuda

Hanafuda is a card game that was first introduced in Japan during the 18th century. The game is played with a deck of 48 cards, each of which represents a different month or flower. The objective of the game is to collect sets of cards that are worth points.
Hanafuda is often played during the New Year's holiday, as it is believed that winning the game will bring good luck for the coming year. The game is also associated with the Japanese mafia, or Yakuza, who often use Hanafuda as a way to pass the time and bond with their colleagues.

Sugoroku

Sugoroku is a board game that was popular in Japan during the Edo period (1603-1868). The game is played with dice and a board that is divided into squares. Each square has a different symbol or picture, and players must move their pieces across the board by rolling the dice.
Sugoroku is often played during the New Year's holiday, as it is believed that winning the game will bring good luck for the coming year. The game is also associated with the Japanese folklore tale "The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter," in which the main character plays Sugoroku with the Emperor of Japan.

Pachinko

Pachinko is a mechanical game that is similar to pinball. The game is played with small metal balls that are launched into a vertical playing field. The objective of the game is to get as many balls as possible into special pockets, which can then be exchanged for prizes.
Pachinko is one of the most popular games in Japan, and it is often associated with luck and chance. Many people believe that winning at Pachinko is a sign of good fortune, and some even use the game as a form of divination. However, Pachinko is also associated with gambling and addiction, and it has been the subject of controversy in Japan for many years.

Luck in Japanese Language

Luck has always been an important aspect of Japanese culture, and it is deeply ingrained in the Japanese language. In fact, there are many words, phrases, and expressions that are used to convey different aspects of luck and fortune.

Auspicious Words

In Japanese, there are many words that are considered to be auspicious, meaning they are believed to bring good luck and fortune. For example, the word "kotobuki" means "congratulations" or "celebration," and is often used to wish someone good luck or success in their endeavors. Similarly, the word "fuku" means "good fortune" or "happiness," and is often used in conjunction with other words to wish someone luck or prosperity.

Kotodama

Kotodama is a concept in Japanese culture that refers to the power of words. It is believed that certain words have the power to bring good luck and fortune, while others can bring misfortune or bad luck. As a result, many Japanese people are careful about the words they use, and often choose their words carefully in order to avoid bringing bad luck upon themselves or others.

Proverbs and Sayings

Japanese culture is full of proverbs and sayings that are related to luck and fortune. For example, the saying "hakuna matata" means "no worries," and is often used to encourage people to stay positive and not worry too much about the future. Similarly, the saying "ichi-go ichi-e" means "one time, one meeting," and is often used to remind people to cherish each moment and make the most of every opportunity.
Overall, luck plays a significant role in Japanese culture, and is reflected in the language and expressions that are used by Japanese people on a daily basis. By understanding these words and concepts, one can gain a deeper appreciation for the importance of luck in Japanese society.

Modern Interpretations of Luck

In modern Japan, luck is still an important concept and plays a significant role in daily life. While some traditional beliefs and practices remain, there are also new interpretations of luck that reflect the changing times.
One example of a modern interpretation of luck is the popularity of lucky charms and amulets. Many people carry small trinkets or talismans that are believed to bring good luck or ward off bad luck. These can range from traditional items like omamori (protective amulets) to more contemporary items like keychains or phone cases with lucky symbols.
Another modern interpretation of luck is the concept of "lucky colors." In Japan, certain colors are believed to bring good fortune or have specific meanings. For example, red is associated with good luck and happiness, while white is associated with purity and mourning. This belief in lucky colors can be seen in everything from fashion choices to home decor.
In addition to these individual beliefs and practices, luck also plays a role in Japanese society as a whole. For example, there is a strong emphasis on group harmony and collective luck. This can be seen in the concept of "ganbaru," which roughly translates to "doing one's best." By working hard and contributing to the group, individuals believe they can improve their own luck as well as the luck of those around them.
Overall, while the specific interpretations of luck may have changed over time, the concept remains an important part of Japanese culture. From lucky charms to group harmony, luck continues to shape the way people live their lives and view the world around them.

Luck in Contemporary Society

In modern Japanese society, luck still plays a significant role in people's daily lives. Many individuals continue to seek good fortune by engaging in various practices and rituals. For instance, some people carry lucky charms or talismans, such as omamori, which are believed to bring good luck and ward off evil spirits.
Another popular practice is fukubukuro, which translates to "lucky bag." This is a tradition where stores sell sealed bags filled with random items at a discounted price on New Year's Day. The contents of the bag are unknown until it is opened, and people hope to receive something valuable or lucky.
Additionally, many Japanese people follow the zodiac signs and believe in the concept of Eto, which assigns an animal to each year in a 12-year cycle. People born in a particular year are believed to have certain personality traits and compatibility with others based on their animal sign.
In contemporary society, luck is also associated with success in business and personal relationships. For example, many Japanese businesses and individuals consult with fortune-tellers to determine the best time to start a new venture or make a major decision.
Overall, luck remains an integral part of Japanese culture, and people continue to seek it out through various practices and beliefs.

Research on Luck in Japan

Luck has been an important concept in Japanese culture for centuries. In fact, the Japanese have a word for luck, "un", which is used to describe both good and bad luck. Researchers have been studying the concept of luck in Japan for many years, and have uncovered some interesting findings.
One study found that luck is often associated with certain objects in Japan. For example, the "maneki-neko" or "beckoning cat" is a common symbol of good luck. It is often seen in shops and restaurants, and is believed to bring good fortune to the owner. Another object associated with luck is the "omamori", which is a small amulet that is believed to protect the owner from harm.
Another study found that luck is often associated with certain actions or behaviors in Japan. For example, it is believed that if you bow to a shrine or temple, you will receive good luck. Additionally, it is believed that if you give a small gift to someone, you will receive good luck in return.
Interestingly, research has also shown that luck is often associated with certain numbers in Japan. For example, the number four is considered unlucky because it sounds similar to the word for "death" in Japanese. On the other hand, the number eight is considered lucky because it sounds similar to the word for "prosperity" in Japanese.
Overall, research on luck in Japan has shown that it is a complex and multifaceted concept that is deeply ingrained in Japanese culture. By understanding the various objects, actions, and behaviors associated with luck, one can gain a better understanding of Japanese culture and society.
\#games #onlinegames #mobilegames #gaming #gamingwebsites 

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2024.01.04 23:18 AtlasTheEndurer888 "DON'T BE FOOLISH"

~~ Put On Your Fool's Cap ~~
If anyone among you thinks he is wise in this age, let him become a fool that he may become wise. -I Corinthians 3:18
What if you don't have a fool around to help you? Why not give yourself a license to be foolish. You're smart, right? You've got a sense of humor, right? Go ahead and put on your fool's cap. You will find that it cleanses your judgment and opens up your mind. Don't worry about people who say "don't be foolish." After all, you know that thinking like a fool is for a good purpose. Dig into vour fool's bag of tricks. Look at the problem before you and say, "It's not what everyone thinks it is," and give a different interpretation of what's going on. Deny that the problem even exists, or maybe solve a different one. Doubt the things that others take for granted. Ridicule your basic assumptions. Expect the unexpected. Ask the stupid question that nobody else seems to be asking. Do whatever you can to shatter the established way of looking at things. You'll find that it will stimulate your creative juices.
~~ Consult A Fool ~~
Any decision-maker (and we all are) has to deal with the problem of conformity and groupthink. But how? Why not do what decision-makers and problem-solvers since the dawn of civilization have done to stimulate their imaginations and improve their judgment:
Ask a fool what he thinks.
Looking at the fool's wildly-colored clothing and donkey-eared cap, it's easy to regard him as a simpleton, an imbecile whose proverbial "elevator doesn't go all the way to the top floor," or a moron "whose bell has no clapper." Don't be fooled! The classical fool is no dunce. It takes in-telligence, imagination, cleverness, and in-sight to play this role. A good fool needs to be part actor and part poet, part philosopher and part psychologist.
The fool was consulted by Egyptian pharaohs and Babylonian kings. His opinion was sought by Roman emperors and Greek tyrants. He advised Indian chiefs in the Pueblo, Zuni, and Hopi nations. He played an important role at the courts of the Chinese emperors. The fool was prominently employed by European royalty in the Middle Ages and Renaissance. Because of his ability to open up people's thinking, the fool has been held in as much esteem as the priest, the medicine man, and the shaman.
What did the fool do? Simply stated, it was his job to whack the king's (pharaoh, emperor, chief, decision-maker, problem-solver, etc.) thinking out of habitual thought patterns. The king's advisers were often "yes-men"-they told him exactly what he wanted to hear. The king realized that this wasn't a good way to make decisions. Therefore, he gave the fool a license to parody any proposal under discussion and to shatter the prevailing mind-set. The fool's candid jokes and offbeat observations put the issue in a fresh light and forced the king to re-examine his assumptions. By listening to the fool, the king improved his judgment, enhanced his creativity, and protected himself from groupthink.
The fool's job is to shake, assault, massage, caress, and take a whack at the habits, rules, and conventions that keep you thinking the same old stuff. A good way to think of the fool is to compare your thinking to the transmission of a car. Most of the gears, like most thinking, are designed to go forward, to get ahead, to get the job done. But some times, when you can't make forward progress, you need to put it in reverse so that you can go forward anew. That's your what the fool is all about: he's the reverse gear for your mind. He may not give you the right answer or solve your problem, but he'll get you out of the rut and put your thinking on a mental freeway where you might find a better solution yourself.
The fool operates in a world that runs counter to conventional patterns. Everyday ways of perceiving, understanding, and acting have little meaning for him. He'll extol the trivial, trifle the exalted, and parody the common perception of a situation. Here are some examples of the fool's approach:
The fool will reverse our standard assumptions. He might say, "If a man is sitting on a horse facing the rear, why do we assume that it is the man who is backwards and not the horse?"
He is irreverant. He'll pose a riddle such as, "What is it that the rich man puts in his pocket that the poor man throws away?" When he answers, "Snot," he forces you to re-examine the sanctity of your most basic daily rituals.
He might deny that a problem even exists and therefore reframe the situation. Most people think recessions are bad. Not the fool. The fool says, "Recessions are good. They make people work more efficiently. People work harder when they are insecure about the future of their jobs. Also, most companies have a fair amount of fat in them. Recessions force them to trim back to their fighting weight and be more aggressive."
The fool can be absurd. Having lost his donkey, a fool got down his knees and began thanking God. A passerby saw him and asked, "Your donkey is missing; what are you thanking God for?" The fool replied, "I'm thanking Him for seeing to it that I wasn't riding him at the time. Otherwise, I would be missing too."
The fool notices things that other people overlook. He might ask, "Why do people who pour cream into their coffee do so after the coffee is already in the cup, rather than pouring the cream in first and saving themselves the trouble of stirring?"
The fool is metaphorical. When answering the following question on an intelligence test: "Which is true: A) Birds eat seeds, or B) Seeds eat birds," he might answer both A and B because he has seen dead birds on the ground decompose into the soil to fertilize freshly planted seeds.
The fool will apply the rules of one arena to another. He'll go to a football game and imagine he's in church. He'll see the players huddling and think they're praying. He'll see the vendors in the stands and think that they're taking up a collection. He'll see the fans' hero worship of the star quarterback and imagine that he's witnessing the Second Coming.
The fool can be cryptic. He'll say the best way to see something is with your ears. Initially, this may seem a little weird, but after you've thought about it, you just might agree that listening to a poem or a story conjures up more images in your mind than watching television.
Physicist Niels Bohr felt that thinking like a fool was essential to coming up with breakthrough ideas. During a tense brainstorming session, he told a colleague:
We all know your idea is crazy. The question is, whether it is crazy enough.
The great benefit of the fool's antics and observations is that they stimulate your thinking. They jolt your mind in the same way that a splash of cold water wakes you up when you're drowsy. You may not like the fool's ideas. Some of them may even irritate you or strike you as silly or useless. But he forces you to entertain -perhaps only momentarily- an alternative way of looking at your situation. Whatever assumptions you hold must be suspended. The fool's approach to life jars you into an awareness that there is a second right answer to what you're doing, and that you should look for better answers than the ones you've got. Indeed, sometimes the fool makes more sense than the wise man. In a time when things are changing very quickly, who is to say what's right and what's foolish.
As Albert Einstein once said: A question that sometimes drives me hazy: Am I or are the others crazy?
~~ Laugh At It ~~
As soon as you have made a thought, laugh at it. -Lao Tzu, Philosopher
The fool believes that if you can laugh at something- be it a problem, a project, a recipe for chicken, how airplanes are designed, or your relationship with another person-then you're more likely to think about it in a fresh way. Laughter puts you at ease. Do you feel more comfortable talking with someone who has just told you a joke, or with someone who is deadly serious? Would you rather listen to a speaker who approaches his subject in a plodding straightforward manner or one who has just given you a humorous aside on the state of your business?
Getting into a humorous frame of mind not only loosens you up, it enhances your creativity. This has been demonstrated in tests investigating the role humor plays in stimulating a creative outlook. Typically the tests are run as follows: test participants are divided into two equal groups. One group sits silently in a study hall for a half an hour prior to the test. The other group spends the same time in another room listening to an audio tape of a standup comedian telling jokes like:
Question: How deep is the ocean? Answer: Just a stone's throw.
Question: What do John the Baptist and Winnie the Pooh have in common? Answer: They both have the same middle name.
Question: What do you get when you combine the Godfather with a lawyer? Answer: An offer you can't understand.
...[H]umor stretches your thinking. The term "just a stone's throw" typically denotes a short distance. But when you throw a rock into water, it travels until it reaches the bottom-perhaps as much as seven miles depending on where you toss it. The punch line forces you to make a shift in how you think about a "stone's throw." Getting the joke then is an exercise in "breaking set"-one of the key aspects of "thinking something different." For if a stone's throw can mean seven miles, who is to stop you from looking at a broken light bulb as a knife, a vacuum cleaner as a musical instrument, snails as food, a clothes pin as a toy, a potato as a radio antenna, or a box of packaged baking soda as refrigerator deodorant?
Secondly, humor forces you to combine ideas that are usually not associated with one another. Few people think of "John the Baptist" and "Winnie the Pooh" as having much in common. The former was a first century Jewish prophet who baptized Jesus; the latter a frivolous fictional bear created nineteen centuries later by the English poet A.A. Milne. Yet for purposes of this joke, this unlikely pair is brought together. In a world where John the Baptist and Winnie the Pooh can be thrown together into one concept, what's to stop you from combining television sets and flea repellent into one idea? Or sunglasses and prayer meetings? Or freeway congestion and bookmarks? If you think hard enough, you'll think of a connection. This type of thinking is also at the core of creativity. The ancients combined soft copper with even softer tin to create hard bronze. The first person to put a satellite dish on the back of a truck to create a mobile uplink-downlink station did this. So did the person who combined a surfboard and a sail to create the sport of windsurfing. So did the person who combined movies and airplanes to create in-flight entertainment. I'm sure you can think of many other creations that were the combination of simple ideas.
Third, humor allows you to take things less seriously. In the Godfather-lawyer joke, both attorneys and Mafia Dons are targeted. Just how effective would a Godfather be if he couldn't threaten people? How effective would an attorney be if he couldn't find and create loopholes? If you can make fun of something, then you're more likely to challenge the rules that give that "something" its legitimacy, and perhaps you can think of alternatives.
This is not meant to be a treatise on humor. (Heaven knows! Some of the most boring works around are those describing humor.) But the point is this: there is a close relationship between the "haha" of humor and the "aha!" of discovery. If you employ the same thinking that you use in humor-breaking set, putting ideas into different new contexts, seeking ambiguity, combining different ideas, asking unusual "what if" questions, parodying the rules and apply it to problem-solving, then you're likely to come up with some fresh approaches to what you're working on.
Go ahead and be whacky. Get into a crazy frame of mind and ask what's funny about what you're doing.
Humor is an effective tool even with the gravest of problems. As the physicist Niels Bohr once put it, "There are some things that are so serious that you have you laugh at them." Some people are so closely married to their ideas that they put them up on a pedestal. It's difficult to be creative when you have that much ego tied up in your idea. Therefore, step back, loosen up, and remember Laroff's credo:
It's not so important to be serious as it is to be serious about the important things. The monkey wears an expression of seriousness that would do credit to any great scholar. But the monkey is serious because he itches.
~~ Reverse Your Viewpoint ~~
You can't see the good ideas behind you by looking twice as hard at what's in front of you. -Andrew Mercer, Innovator
In the late 1950's, a mysterious phenomenon occurred in Seattle: people began discovering small pockmarks on their car windshields. As more and more of these tiny indented scars were found, a kind of mass hysteria developed. Two main theories arose to explain the cause of the pitting. One was that atomic tests by the Russians had contaminated the atmosphere, and this, combined with Seattle's moist climate, had produced fallout that was returning to earth in a glass-etching dew. The other theory was that Seattle's recently constructed roads, again with the help of the foggy dew, were flinging acid drops against the windshields. As the situation became more serious, the Federal government sent a team of experts to investigate the mystery. What they discovered was that there was no increase in windshield pitting at all. As the reports of the windshield pits came to the attention of more and more people, they began to check their own cars. Most did this by looking through the glass from the outside of the car instead of from the inside. This revealed the pitting that is almost invariably caused by normal wear on a windshield. What had broken out was an epidemic not of windshield pitting, but of reverse windshield viewing. People reversed their view of the windshield and discovered something that had always been there but they'd never noticed.
This story illustrates what can happen when you reverse your point of view. The fool believes that thinking about and doing things opposite from your customary way allows you to discover the things you typically overlook. For example, when everyone else is gazing at a gorgeous sunset, why not turn around to see the blues and violets behind you? What do you notice when you look at a coffee cup? Its color? Its material? Its design? Reverse your focus and look at the empty space inside the cup. Isn't that what gives it its functional value? When you look at a lawn just after it's been mowed, what do you typically think about? That it looks nice and neat? That it has a fresh smell? How about reversing your viewpoint and paying attention to where the grass clippings have gone? What problems do they create? What other uses could you make of them? Compost pile? Land fill? Stuffing?
Reversing your viewpoint is a great way to sharpen your thinking. Try disagreeing with people whose ideas, principles, and beliefs you usually agree. You may find that the opposite view makes more sense. If you don't have anyone handy to disagree with you, why not disagree with yourself? Play the fool and take the contrary position on common sense proverbs.
"If something's worth doing, it's worth doing well." If a thing's worth doing, it's okay to do it poorly. Otherwise, you'll never give yourself permission to be a beginner at a new activity. If you have to do well, then you'll prevent yourself from trying new things.
"A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush." Two in the bush are great. After all, everybody needs a dream. Without the "two in the bush" mentality, what would happen to risk-taking?
"A chain is no stronger than its weakest link." Weak links are wonderful! As a matter of fact, many systems have weak links designed into them. They're called "fuses." When a system gets overloaded, the fuse blows and saves the rest of the system. After all, which part do you want to break: the $50,000 piece or the 5¢ one?
Exercise: Take one of your favorite pieces of common sense and roast it. You might try some of the following:
  1. Business before pleasure.
  2. Every cloud has a silver lining.
  3. Every dog has its day.
  4. Don't put all your eggs in one basket.
  5. Fight fire with fire.
  6. Patience is a virtue.
  7. Haste makes waste.
  8. He who laughs last laughs best.
  9. Curiosity killed the cat.
  10. Beauty is only skin-deep.
  11. You can't teach an old dog new tricks.
  12. If at first you don't succeed, try, try, again.
Looking at things in reverse can also be a good technique for discovering the comic side of things. Here's one fool's view of what would happen if we lived our lives backwards.
Life is tough. It takes up all your time, all your weekends, and what do you get at the end of it? Death, a great reward. The life cycle is all backwards. You should die first, and get it out of the way. Then you live for twenty years in an old age home, and then get kicked out when you're too young. You get a gold watch and then you go to work. You work forty years until you're young enough to enjoy your retirement. You go to college and party until you're ready for high school. Then you go to grade school, you become a little kid, you play, you have no responsibilities, you become a little baby, you go back into the womb, you spend your last nine months floating, and you finish off as a gleam in somebody's eye.
~~ The Fools and the Rules ~~
Finally, the fool loves to parody the rules. In my seminars, I provide an opportunity for participants to do just that. We play a game called the "Fools and the Rules." It's easy to play. You take your holiest sacred cow and sacrifice it on the altar of foolishness. In a perverse sort of way, sometimes the fool makes more sense than the rule. Here are some examples:
RULE: "Always be polite on the telephone."
FOOL: "Are you kidding? Abusive behavior cuts down on phone time. It also gives our public relations department more work. It would eliminate the hold button on the telephone as well as lead to honest employee relationships. Finally, rude telephone manners could serve as an outlet for employee stress."
RULE: "Our company is 'Committed to Excellence.
FOOL: "How about 'committed to incompetence." Think of the possibilities! We would have less development time, lower training costs, and no backlogs. Part shortages wouldn't halt production. Also, we'd improve our chances of reaching our design goals, and we wouldn't be afraid to try new ideas— after all, what would we have to lose? In the past we've been able to sell our products based on their technical merits. With mediocre products, we'd have to learn how to sell. We'd also have a larger market: there are more mediocre people in the world than excellent ones. But we'd be successful because: Nothing succeeds like mediocrity because everybody understands it so well."
RULE: "Always communicate through the proper chain of command so as not to surprise your boss."
FOOL: "That's a waste of time. After all, bosses like surprises they're fun! This would remove any chance for preconceptions (and we all know that preconceptions get in the way of creative ideas). This would also demonstrate how much goes on without anyone knowing. In addition, you would be provided with a means of visibility because you'd continually be called on to the carpet."
As you can see, playing the fool is a lot of fun. It's also a great way to generate ideas and examine your most basic assumptions. While the ideas produced may not be immediately useful, it may happen that a foolish idea will lead to a practical, creative idea. And if you come up empty, at least you'll understand why the rule was there in the first place.
TIP: Occasionally, let your "stupid monitor" down, play the fool, and see what crazy ideas you can come up with.
TIP: Reverse your perspective.* You'll see the things you usually don't look at. It's also a good way to free your thinking from deeply engrained assumptions. Example: Write two paragraphs describing a problem you're currently trying to solve. Here's the twist: if you're a male, write it from the viewpoint of a female; if you're a female, write it from a male's point of view. At the very least you'll generate some interesting stepping stones.
TIP: Laugh at yourself. What's the funniest thing you've done in the past year? What did you learn?
*Of course, perceiving things backwards is not without its problems. The story goes that William Spooner (the late nineteenth century educator known for transposing the initial sounds of words, e.g., tons of soil for sons of toil or queer old dean for dear old queen, and from whom we get the term Spoonerism) was at a dinner party in which he happened to knock the salt shaker on the carpet. Without missing a beat, Spooner poured his wine on top of it. -- Taken from "A Whack on the Side of the Head: How You Can Be More Creative" by Roger von Oech. --
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2023.12.22 07:00 DropWatcher Drop Watch: December 22nd, 2023

LPs

Deluxe

EPs

Songs (Unsorted)

* means not on Apple Music or Spotify
Sorted by Spotify Monthly Listeners

Old Drop Watches

Full Calendar

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2023.12.14 10:20 Silent-Fiction Google Translate and the Cheap Algorithm

Google Translate and the Cheap Algorithm
[TLDR]: I suspect the Google Translate team made changes in their algorithm (AI introduction ?), so much so it's not as reliable anymore: use with extra caution. Did you also notice ?
Native french speaker, I have a decent level in English, Dutch and German. I use Google Translate on a daily basis, and I sometimes was very positively surprised by the quality of the results, especially with complicated sentences, proverbs or tricky words: having enough knowledge in those other languages, I could appreciate how fine and accurate the results were.
But since a few months (mid 2023), I'm regularly confronted with awkward, sometimes bad, if not erroneous translations (very rare though, but still. And definitely more than previously). Stay with me: I know very well G.T. is just a tool with its limitations. But lately, I have the strong felling that this solid and quite reliable tool has been replaced by a cheaper, weaker version.
Simple examples:
Really, Google? Really ?
- In French, "Bon d'achat" can be translated by "Voucher", or "Coupon" depending on the context. Not "Good buy", which is almost a literal translation, you silly ! - French "Liquidation Totale" (En: "Liquidation Sale / Clearance Sale") is a financial term (right?), and should be translated in Dutch by "Uitverkoop", not by "Liquidatie", which is a term used in a mafia context when you get rid of a body.
I suspect Google/ Alphabet made important changes in their algorithm, so much so it became the shadow of itself. Use it with even more precautions, more than ever.
On the other hand, Reverso has really made a step forward those last years: I'm learning Polish, and because this language is way more tricky with grammar and much less forgiving with automatic translations from/ to Germanic or Latin languages, I'm confident to say : use Reverso instead.
(By extension, the Google Image search engine now gives a lot of AI generated images: just try "beautiful landscape" and see how few real landscape pictures you get VS fake landscapes: AI all over the place. Even the basic Google Search engine doesn't go "as deep" as it used to: you have to be much more precise (or lucky) to find what you're looking for.I suspect Google/ Alphabet, in its "quest to be the best", took a bad turn somewhere... Or maybe are they testing AI globally, and we're in the early, learning stages? Who knows... )
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2023.12.12 16:45 cogoutsidemachine The luciferian cabal is screwed

They will fail and it will be a glorious movie to watch. God has a plan. You cannot oppose God the Creator and expect to win. Just like the Tower of Babel and the Babylon of old, the synogue of satan’s plans will be wrecked by insane and unforseen, miraculous events. The time is closer than ever to the second fall of Babylon. This time it is Mystery Babylon that will collapse, starting with the financial system. The Third Seal from the Book of Revelations. A time of scarcity as well as a massive wealth transfer. The horseman described in the time of the Third Seal holds a scale, which symbolizes a great transfer of wealth. All the events in the last few years were prophesied to occur and events are still lining up right now. Currently the ‘justice’ part of the prophecy is happening, and will end when those with nothing take from the rich, everything.
Proverbs 13:22
“A good man leaves an inheritance to his children’s children. And the wealth of the sinner is stored up for the righteous.”
The ‘elites’ if you even wanna call em that are currently pissing their pants. See the insane numbers on the US debt clock?
https://www.usdebtclock.org
Yeah. There’s no way the fed will survive 2024. And with BRICS in the picture now and growing with more countries by the day? It’s over. Go buy precious metals, heirloom seeds and bitcoin because the US dollar is kaput. Their control system cannot sustain itself and they are SCARED.
The only play the khazarian mafia can make is forcing CBDC on the populace to save their Babylonian money magick system, but now the curtains are pulled forever. Too many people awake now to comply with another fiat monopoly money control system, this time with money you can’t even see. It’s over, God’s plan to use the tomfoolery of the cabal to deliberately wake the sheeple up has worked. It’s brilliant tactics from the Highest, the most perfect. Telling ya you can’t compete with God no matter how powerful you think you are.
The ones who pull the strings of the puppet show to control and enslave everyone who isn’t them have a certain demise coming.
As well as the low-vibration entities that help the luciferians achieve control over God’s children(us the 99%). A deal is struck between the cabal and the dark beings, being the attainment of great power in exchange for innocent lives to be consumed. THEY need us more than we need them. These things have been happening for millenia and will be over very soon, forever. It’s only a matter of time.
We really are in the greatest time to be alive ever, in all of human history. Because a grandiose golden age the likes of which can rival Atlantis, Tartaria, Mu, etc. is coming in the near future. It WILL happen. Humanity has to be patient and let God cook in his kitchen, so to speak. He has this. He has us. And soon we will all be free.
Let us all collectively envision a future of prosperity, compassion, love, peace on earth, harmony with nature. Even just 1 person visualizing this happening is enough to manifest this timeline. Visualization in the conscious mind is how magick works and can be used for good. As opposed to Crowley’s pitiful heresy
Here is an anti-luciferian as well as anti-masonic incantation. it is a mockery of “order out of chaos”, a phrase so near and dear to the cabal.
“CONCORDIA AB CHAO, EUNDO FUTURUM ET NUNC”
“Harmony out of chaos, going to the future and now”
Verbalize that and pronounce with intention to dispel any fear you may have of the luciferians, qabbalists, satanists, masons. They rely on fear and deception as a weapon to control you, and with the truth you are armed tenfold.
Praise the Lord and love each other. God has this and always has, since the beginning. We are His children
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2023.11.09 12:39 JulieSongwriter Good Morning, Ladies: #22B

GM, Ladies!
Thank you for all your wonderful notes on the text chain. I feel so close to all of you. It feels like we are sitting around the fire pit back at the camp. Today we keep studying Part III of Ikeda Sensei's lecture "Key Passages From The Record of the Orally Transmitted Teachings." Now we look at Nichiren's explanation of the "Expedient Means" (Second) Chapterof the Lotus Sutra. Our topic is "Awakening to the Truth That All People Are Buddhas." Are you there yet? To be honest, I'm not, as you shall see.
"The sun shines for everyone" is an Argentine proverb Sensei discussed with members in Argentina during his 1993 visit there. Here are four points from the section that I will take away forever:
(1) Nichiren Daishonin’s Buddhism of the Sun is for everyone.
(2) It is the great teaching of universal enlightenment for all humanity.
(3) It is the sun of hope illuminating everyone, everywhere, impartially with its radiance and warmth.
(4) It is the light of a religion for people’s happiness, causing the sun of courage and compassion to rise in each person’s heart and making their limitless potential shine.
I had to reflect on these points when our electric contractor "Pat" came back yesterday to check on the new DCFCs. He and I have spoken a lot since we took on this project. Back in 1993 Pat was on the original Buffalo Bills "Save the Shout Song" committee that kept the theme song going until the Bills and the Polaroid Company worked out their differences about The Isley Brothers original. He was also pretty pissed about our decision to boycott this season because of charges of racism against the owner Terry Pegula.
(By the way, if you ever need electrical work on your home, find a company you like and don't quibble about the money. These guys work really hard for whatever we pay them. I didn't understand this until I saw them in action.)
In my mind Pat certainly would win "The Least Likely To Ever Decide To Chant Award." Tough, salt of the earth, course hands, self-made, Bills Mafia: he just doesn't fit the profile I had built in my mind for a chanter. Shame on me! How arrogant and classist I was!
He calls the blue NMRK card I gave him "the trick." It seems he keeps it on the dashboard of his car. My practice of Buddhism might be to chant a good hour a day, and his practice is to look at the card on his dashboard. Who am I to judge? I will never forget from now on that Buddhism is for everyone, for all humanity, impartial, and causes "the sun of courage and compassion to rise in each person’s heart and making their limitless potential shine."
I told Pat about our discussion meeting on the 19th. "Sure, I'll be there. The Bills game with the Broncos is on Monday night so I am free. But only if you promise to watch the game on Monday."
Deal. I spoke to the Fam: Maybe we should call our boycott off early due to "good behavior"? It's already Week 10 and the season is salvageable with a few more wins and lucky Wildcard games. Maybe the Bills need us more than we need the Bills? We agreed. Sorry, Twins and Twinettes, Monday night might be a bit noisy!
So, Ladies, let's reach out to even one more person today! Don't judge, take it from me! Tomorrow we will read about NMRK as "The Secret." Please don't forget that I'd like to get your weekly summary tomorrow or Saturday at the latest.
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2023.10.28 15:21 Prestigious-Unit554 Dungeon Hunter 6 — VIP Arrangement

Dungeon Hunter 6 — VIP Arrangement
Dungeon Hunter 6 — VIP Arrangement
https://preview.redd.it/vguhcit62ywb1.png?width=558&format=png&auto=webp&s=0be8a1c3d69308ee9346ed2210aaf5908f92dc0b
Let us begin with the VIP arrangement in this location, which we will be checking out before anything else. At present, you are going to be able to have or do a few free articles. Well, it’s not actually completely free, but it’s following a great discount on the price for it, like, as an instance here, that’s for the Start if your VIP is nothing, but you need to expect giving or supplying to generate some of the green crystal within financial means. catch one or the other, it’s for just one Crystal you are making use of within financial means, catch title, the original for, or anything that name is and some distinctive benefits for the VIP also, and accompanying all levels, you are going to be able to have or catch a few free articles accompanying a good discount. or some unique part genuinely accompanying a good discount.
You know anyway, the VIP is actually good expected arising out of the fact that you are making use of performing, some extra benefits in another direction, like the shop park, are that it will perform a maximum of regular increases in addition to affinity boosts and XP also, and when you are purchasing an entity from the profession or trading something, it makes use of performing the taxes. diminished by 5%, which is too much, and over here, you’re making use of being able to have or do weekly PA for 30 individual days for $5. You are making use of being, when you get it, you have 30 green crystals. You make use of them and generate them instantaneously before you buy pass away, you are making use of catch this one in addition to 300 vulgar crystals and day-to-day 100 crystals every 6 era in addition to all the different benefits regularly free call as well as premium gear frop and AFK XP extra accompanying 25% accordingly much more, we also have the constant and that one it cost you 10 dollars, but it’s legitimately bestowing on you infatuated profit for it. We have you attending once you pass away. You are making use of 600 green crystals. as well as 600 sad crystals and title, and the synchronal you are making use of is continually getting 150 gemstones and the one is forever as well as you are going to generate from the fiction raid 15% extra XP allure make use of help you decided upon be leveling up fast, you see, and we have also over-presented the premium permanent and the one you are going to generate it for $48
https://preview.redd.it/j5hoxbzb2ywb1.jpg?width=543&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=be085b29a7ae39d54e0954642c350cd874e79b38
you are making use of be getting immediately SSR organ and 2880 green crystals and 2880 sky crystal in addition to everyday 300 diamonds sad We have gemstones and you can use them to earn an extra 20% XP from the mafia. We also have a weekly loan that you can use. costing you 5$ the act of procuring you see it’s the period somewhat like the weekly card but attending you have well expected honest it’s the alike the only. The dissimilarity that you are going to generate is that you have the premium contribution investment rhythm and the one going to be bestowing on you 1000 green clear in addition to 1000 sad clear and 200 daily gemstones. We have the development fund and the one that costs you. $20, but independently, to be truthful, I do not indeed contemplate that the one is completely good; it is an appropriate individual if you are active or If you are revered, get sky crystal; alternatively, I hope you stay away from it. That’s my individual belief, you see, and we have the worth. packs and that one over in this place from whole works the individual that i find it absolutely advantage for me at least it’s that one attending expected accumulating the gear hunt Order the one for the treasure hunt occurrence expected meal you decided upon receiving some punching competition ulet and the talsman because these ones are good to generate. from the occurrence we have the constantly whole and one or the other it’s somewhat still the same the only offer that I hopeful proverb take a risk it’s the one Otherwise, refrain or stay away from it
https://preview.redd.it/qfwnmy4f2ywb1.jpg?width=494&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=fa39e121225cdb7e97fb0d1a47707f33f2a3ac45
We have the newspaper whole, and one is the same. Just get individual accompanying gear hunt orders, but still, if you want to skip one or the other, I would mention going for the individual accompanying $50 to generate 30 secret summoning manuscripts as well as the 2000 green crystal gemstones I intended, and we have the XP Tom and the one It helps you expect leveling up the assistant for the direct top-up. The only occasion I would suggest, like one or the other, is just to get the 100% benefit. Forbiddance: use it anymore. We have the profit packages present, and in addition to affirmative, it’s only the one to generate the 100% extra diamonds, and therefore to reject the one repeated, and also if you are making use of being offset to devote from the first era, I would announce look to this new attendant top. Up to the one that is actually silly, it gives you plenty of free articles by just lending in the game. If you take the 6,000 gemstones you are going to generate, they will grow in addition to a few. Extra items are entirely free, and if you make use of the achievement for 3 days, you are going to generate legitimately good articles expected to start the game. and it’s all completely free because it’s really a good moment for you if you are preparing for the top 10 and for the occurrences here. We have the consent benefits, and if it’s related to the tale, it’s good to generate it; otherwise, well, it’s good to appreciate; it’s not expected to flee; it’s
It’s good to generate some occurrences in addition to a few secret convenes for the milestone and the one it’s affiliated with in consideration of lieutenants hir star to generate some extra free articles, thats all for this site.
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2023.08.02 04:14 acharismaticjeweller I look around me, and I don't see anybody I feel like I can look up to.

One of the things I've always wanted was to grow up into becoming a well-rounded, decent, and functional human being. I didn't want to make any mistakes that could screw up my development in any way, which could ultimately result in me becoming a bad example for parents to point to or a cautionary tale for people to be warned about. But I look around me and I don't see anybody that makes me look forward to becoming an adult. Everywhere I look, I see stereotypes. People who have put themselves in a box that they've never tried to look outside of. People who fall under extremes of a spectrum instead of finding balance or being even-tempered. People who found their niche very early on in life and never tried to move beyond their comfort zone. People who've never put any effort into improving themselves because they're convinced that they are finished pieces under museum glass. I know I'm being judgmental, but I can't help it. I feel like we live in an age of dysfunction. I see neuroticism. I see neoteny. I see defeatism. Nihilism. Cynicism. Arrested development. Mental illness. It feels like everyone I meet feels like they fall under some mode of unhealthy behavior. I often criticize myself for playing it safe in life and not engaging too much in risky behavior, but then I look at people around me spending so much time making the same mistakes over and over again.
There's a rapper named JpegMafia who starts all of his songs with a voice-over of a woman saying "you think you know me". I believe the quote has much more depth than what initially meets the eye. People listen to the people around them tell them what their strengths and weaknesses are, and they burrow themselves into some niche that they think they belong to. It was already defined for them what they could and could not be. It's like putting all their points into one stat in the character creation screen. That's what they did when they were children, after which they proceeded to stay static their whole life. And then they get to find other people who belong to their niche who intimidate them because they managed to excel in areas that they never bothered to give their energy to and they resent them for it. You see, they were constantly told throughout their lives that they had to make specific sacrifices to fulfill their roles in society. So, when they encounter people who haven't made those same sacrifices but have achieved the exact same position, it fills them with hatred.
I think jealousy is often underestimated for the level of influence it has as a powerful force that coordinates society. People are stuck in a race towards the middle and they don't even know it. I don't blame them.
"the nail that sticks out gets hammered down"
Proverb. (idiomatic) Those who are too different or conspicuous get criticized or sanctioned by others.
Everything that makes them unique has been beaten out of them. Now they are too afraid to be sophisticated. To be confident. To feel empowered. Because all these things have somehow been mistakenly associated with other negative qualities that are unrelated to their true nature. Narcissism, pretentiousness, solipsism, exhibitionism. Why? Because of the drive towards mediocrity. Why? Because there are too many people who live their life in fear, and now all they want to do is inculcate that fear in other people too. They want to encourage imposter syndrome as much as possible. They don't want others to achieve things in their lives that they couldn't achieve in their own. So they turned self-efficacy itself into taboo.
Why am I lecturing you guys? I don't think I'm in any position to do so. To make it clear, I don't dislike the rest of society or think I'm above any of the things I'm describing. Maybe I'm just thinking out loud, I don't know. But I have my own weaknesses too. The same ones that I share with you folks. Namely: I can't seem to get out of my head. I spend too much time crafting theories without actually playing the game. I don't know how to bridge the gap between theory and practice. Becoming a doer rather than a thinker. I know there are a million things I'm interested in, but nothing that I feel like I could do for the rest of my life. But existence itself feels tiring to me. It feels like my brain is by default functioning at full capacity all the time, draining me of all of my vitality.
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2023.07.22 12:27 chetnadigi भू-माफिया बिल्डरों के मामले में ‘‘चिडिय़ा चुग गई खेत’’ वाली कहावत को चरितार्थ कर रहे हैं ग्रेटर नोएडा प्राधिकरण के अधिकारी

आपको बता दें कि गाजियाबाद के पास स्थित चिपयाना बुजुर्ग गांव में 2 दर्जन से अधिक भू-माफिया किस्म के बिल्डर सक्रिय हैं। इन बिल्डरों ने चिपियाना में ग्रेटर नोएडा प्राधिकरण की अधिग्रहित व अधिसूचित 100 एकड़ से भी अधिक जमीन पर अवैध कब्जा करके बकायदा कालोनियां बना डाली हैं। सामाजिक कार्यकर्ताओं ने इस अवैध धंधे की अनेकों बार ग्रेटर नोएडा प्राधिकरण में शिकायतें की है। इन शिकायतों पर प्राधिकरण के अफसरों ने कोई कार्रवाई नहीं की है।
Land Mafia Exclusive: अधिकतर सरकारी जमीन पर भू-माफिया काबिज हो चुके हैं। अब ग्रेटर नोएडा प्राधिकरण के अधिकारी नींद से जागे हैं। प्राधिकरण की तरफ से 19 भू-माफिया, ग्रामीणों व बिल्डरों के विरुद्ध नोएडा कमिश्नरी पुलिस के थाना बिसरख में एक FIR दर्ज कराई गई है। आईपीसी की धारा-188 व 447 के तहत दर्ज कराई गई। इस FIR के आधार पर पुलिस ने जांच शुरू कर दी है।
Read more: https://chetnamanch.com/delhi-ncgautam-budh-nagagreater-noida/greater-noida-in-the-case-of-land-mafia-builders-the-officials-of-greater-noida-authority-are-giving-meaning-to-the-proverb-chidiya-chug-gayi-khet/
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2023.07.02 12:40 AddressNo6128 Is Lying Always a Sin?

TL, DR: Lying is not always a sin.
I apologize for the disorder of reference numbers—I did not write this post in the same order as I organized it. I mean no disrespect to any of the authors I have cited or argued against, but rather am simply seeking understanding.
This post is organized in the style of a St. Thomas Article.
OBJECTIONS
Objection 1: it would seem lying is always a sin. For the Bible says, “lying lips are an abomination to the Lord, but those who act faithfully are his delight” (Proverbs, 12:22). Therefore, lying is always wrong.
Objection 2: Further, St. Thomas Aquinas says, “a lie is always evil. For it is an inordinate and unreasonable thing, and hence an evil, to employ speech, which is the natural instrument for expressing what is in the mind, as ameans of expressing what is not in the mind.” Therefore, lying is always wrong [9].
Objection 3: Further, Immanuel Kant says “a lie always harms another; if not some human being, then it nevertheless does harm to humanity in general, inasmuch as it vitiates the very source of right.” But what harms humanity in general is always wrong. Therefore, lying is always wrong [10].
Objection 4: Further, the current Catechism and consensus of Catholic theologians is that lying is always wrong. But the consensus of Catholic theologians and the Catechism is always right on faith and morals. Therefore, lying is always wrong [14].
DEFINITIONS
This is a dialectical investigation of definitions, therefore I will not attempt to demonstrative proof.
Traditionally, lying has been defined as “deliberately speaking against one’s own mind” [1, 2], but a newer definition included within the Catechism is “speaking a falsehood with the intention of deceiving” [1, 3]. I find both definitions inadequate (especially the second, which would make a person who accidentally speaks a truth with the intent to deceive not a liar—but it would seem he is) for they omit certain cases which would definitely seem like lying. For instance, both definitions would omit writing, but it seems a person who writes a falsehood with the intention to deceive is also lying. In addition, it would also seem to me that writing a falsehood to a soulless construct—say ChatGPT—is not a case of lying. Additionally, Aquinas’ view has internal contradictions [5] and does not allow even for drama, jokes, or broad mental reservation, which is against the current consensus of Catholic theologians [1].
I propose that a better definition that would be acceptable to most Catholics would be lying is “an unambiguous use of language against one’s mind with the intent to deceive another person.” The reason I use this definition is because wide mental reservation has always been accepted by the church as acceptable to the moral law [1, 2, 4, 7] and its acceptability rests on the ambiguous nature of the statement, whether written or spoken. This definition would also sidestep certain issues present in the first definition, that is, the moral licitness of plays and novels.
ARGUMENT
*On the contrary*, as St John Chrysostom says in *On the Priesthood* Book I, “a well-timed deception, undertaken with an upright intention, has such advantages, that many persons often had to undergo punishment for abstaining from fraud.”
*I respond that* the current definition of lying is inconsistent with Catholic usage of wide mental reservation. In addition, the philosophical argument for lying being a sin is a variation of the perverted faculty argument, and relies on the premise that language is primarily a faculty for communicating truth. But language is not a faculty primarily for communicating truth. Therefore lying is not always a sin.
Wide mental reservation has always included actions such as lying in law courts and pleasantries [2, 8]. If an attorney is asked about a case, he may answer “I do not know,” but this would not be counted as lying, because of the privilege of his position. If asked “how are you” it is not lying to reply “I am fine” even if you are not fine. Edward Feser further asserts false utterances in the course of poker [8] is not not a lie, because in the context of a poker game these it is not the convention to speak the truth. In addition, deception with misdirected speech (see the example of St Athanasius) has also always been accepted.
Yet broad mental reservation contradicts all definitions of lying. Edward Feser addresses this difficulty by discussing how situations can dictate the licitness of a given use of language in deception. This is because language, being conventional, depends of situation, person, and place. According to Feser, if it is understood ahead of time that the context is *not* conducive for expressing one’s true thoughts, then saying a falsehood with the intent to deceive is morally licit. Yet this action fulfills all three definitions of lying (Aquinas’s, the Catechism’s, and mine). Therefore, by the principle of *reduction as absurdum*, he is wrong. Another example: when I say “I am not the Werewolf” (in the context of One Night Ultimate Werewolf) I am fully intending to deceive my fellow players, and am speaking a falsehood, fulfilling all definitions. Yet under the principle of broad mental reservation I am free of sin. Either all game playing in which deception is involved (such as One Night Ultimate Werewolf, Mafia, Poker) is sinful, or current consensus on lying is wrong.
An interlocutor could object that in this situation, one willingly enters into a situation in which it is understood that deception is going on. No one expects the truth in poker—in fact, that’s the point of the game. Yet how is this different in the case of a Nazi searching for Jews? It seems absurd to expect the owner of the house to speak the truth in such a situation. In fact, the New Advent [2, 16], says it is permissible for a person, due to their rank, to be understood to not tell the truth (therefore a Confessor might untruthfully “say I do not know” if asked about the sins of a confessed). By those principles, if those Nazis went to the house of a Jewish Rabbi, and asked where the scrolls of the Torah were so that they might defile it, it would not be lying if the Jewish Rabbi said untruthfully, “I do not know.” Yet, if it became a matter of the rest of the Rabbi’s family, it would become lying. This seems to be absurd.
Additionally, social conventions of language always depend on the culture. Therefore, what in one culture would give offense, may be salutary in another culture. To claim then that objectively in all times and in all places, phrases such as that used in the court of law, by doctors, by priests are to be given a special meaning is a premise that requires defense, otherwise it smacks of special pleading. No article I have read so far has given rules or a defense on why these words should be understood in this certain way. Otherwise, it could be argued in hoodlum culture that lying to the police is a certain kind of convention and it is absurd to expect truth in such a circumstance, and therefore these actions fall under broad mental reservation rather than lying. Such examples may be expanded, *ad infinitum*, for every subculture with special conventions and language.
There are several arguments against lying such as arguments from justice, or an arguments about the necessity of truth for social institutions. The latter sort seem to me to be a sort of consequentialism, which is condemned by the church, and the former leads to questions on whether all people are owed the truth at all times—if not, then the arguments from justice fall apart. These arguments seem to me to be shaky, and therefore I shall save most of my space in addressing what seems to be the most substantial.
It seems to me the best argument against lying stems from the perverted faculty argument. Lying, under this view, perverts the faculty of language, because the purpose of language is to make one’s mind known. Yet, if one lies, one’s mind is not known. Therefore, lying is a perverted use of language, and therefore a sin. I quote Edward Feser on the perverted faculty:
*”The perversion of a human faculty essentially involves both using the faculty but doing so in a way that is positively contrary to its natural end. As I’ve explained before, simply to refrain from using a faculty at all is not to pervert it. Using a faculty for something that is merely other than its natural end is also not to pervert it. Hence, suppose faculty F exists for the sake of end E. There is nothing perverse about not using F at all, and there is nothing perverse about using F but for the sake of some other end G. What is perverse is using F but in a way that actively prevents E from being realized. It is this contrariness to the very point of the faculty, this outright frustration of its function, that is the heart of the perversity.”* [17]
But it seems to me that the purpose of language is not simply to make one’s mind known. The reason I say this is that it seems human cognition, it itself, requires language. Even more fundamental than communicating, it seems the exercise of rational human faculties depends on language—no language, no abstract speech [18]. If this were true, then it would seem then the primary purpose of language is not to make one’s mind known, but to aid one to think—even in a world without others, language still seems necessary for the function of the mind, in away different from the sexual organs. In this way, the perverted faculty argument is avoided.
REPLIES
Reply to Objection 1: There are equally many passages in the Bible that suggest that lying in certain instances is praiseworthy, such as the incident with Rahab the prostitute, the Hebrew midwives, Judith, and Joseph [11]. Additionally, the Bible sometimes speaks in absolutes, and it requires careful reading to piece together the full implications. For instance, Genesis 9:5-6 commands the execution for every person who killed a man. Yet clearly this does not include killing in a case of self-defense, which would fit the plain text meaning.
Reply to Objection 2: Aquinas’s argument on the total prohibition of lying is contradicted by himself in later parts of the Summa:
*”The Summa Theologica appears to be inconsistent on untruths in drama and more generally in works of fiction. The total condemnation of lies in Question 110 (which is part of the discussion of the cardinal virtue of justice and virtues annexed to it) would appear to embrace these. However, in Question 168 (which is part of the discussion of the cardinal virtue of temperance), St Thomas is emphatic that play (expressly including drama) is necessary for human flourishing.[15] This from a man who had himself been the target of vigorous satire in 1253 during a dispute in Paris. While St Thomas quotes Cicero and St Ambrose to the effect that there are limits to what is permissible on stage, for instance to prevent obscenity,[16] in this discussion he at no point suggests that untrue statements (or distortions of reality) in drama or satire are impermissible.
This raises a question over St Thomas’s earlier insistence that lies told in fun are sins. He expressly asserts that although the speaker is not seeking to deceive and that nobody is deceived, nevertheless the very nature of the action is to deceive.[17] Treating drama as not just permissible but a praiseworthy activity seems at odds with the earlier argument that because truthfulness is a virtue, lying is an offence against truth and a sin. There is a prima facie inconsistency here.”* [5].
In addition, the church consensus does not hold to so rigorous a view as St. Thomas, who would condemn even drama, novels, jokes, the equivocation of Confessors and pleadings in the court of law.
Reply to Objection 3: this is a misinterpretation of Kant. I quote:
*”Despite the popularity of the traditional interpretation of Kant's argument in the “Supposed Right to Lie” and despite the apparent textual support of it, I believe it must be mistaken. To start, it seems clear that an interpretative approach that focuses on issues of general morality is wrong, because Kant explicitly says throughout the essay that he is limiting the argument to a discussion of justice or what Kant calls “right.”2 For example, in the block quote in the previous paragraph Kant discusses only how lying to the murderer should be analyzed from the point of view of “public justice,” meaning how public courts should respond to such cases (8: 426–29). Kant never discusses first-personal ethics (universalizable maxims and actions from duty) in this paper. In fact, the only mention Kant gives to ethics and virtue serves to emphasize that he is not concerned with these issues, but only with right or justice.”* [19]
Reply to Objection 4: Church consensus is suggestive but not infallible. The Church used to believe that the sun rotated around the earth, but it no longer holds to this view. In fact, very little doctrine has ever been held unanimously by the church. For example, many church fathers praised lying [1, 11] and some even denied the Immaculate Conception, including St. Thomas himself.
SOURCES
[1] https://www.catholic.com/magazine/print-edition/is-lying-ever-right
[2] https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09469a.htm
[3] http://www.scborromeo.org/ccc/p3s2c2a8.htm
[4] https://www.catholic.com/encyclopedia/mental-reservation
[5] https://www.thinkingfaith.org/articles/thomist’s-guide-lying
[6] https://www.newadvent.org/fathers/19221.htm
[7] https://www.catholicculture.org/culture/library/dictionary/index.cfm?id=32244
[8] https://edwardfeser.blogspot.com/2010/11/what-counts-as-lie.html?m=1
[9] http://www.catholictheology.info/summa-theologica/summa-part2B.php?q=112
[10] http://www.sophia-project.org/uploads/1/3/9/5/13955288/kant\_lying.pdf
[11] http://cassianscorner.blogspot.com/2012/02/justified-lies.html?m=1
[12] https://www.newmanreader.org/works/apologia/detail8.html
[13] https://catholicstand.com/chesterton-lying-fresh-evidence/
[14] https://www.ncregister.com/commentaries/is-it-ever-permissible-to-lie?amp
[15] https://faculty.georgetown.edu/jod/augustine/ddc2.html
[16] https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10195b.htm
[17] https://edwardfeser.blogspot.com/2017/02/how-to-be-pervert.html?m=1
[18] https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S001002772100041X#:\~:text=In%20recent%20years%2C%20language%20has,such%20as%20democracy%20or%20prediction.
[19] https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1467-9833.2010.01507.x
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2023.07.02 12:39 AddressNo6128 Is Lying Always a Sin?

TL, DR: Lying is not always a sin.
I apologize for the disorder of reference numbers—I did not write this post in the same order as I organized it. I mean no disrespect to any of the authors I have cited or argued against, but rather am simply seeking understanding.
This post is organized in the style of a St. Thomas Article.
OBJECTIONS
Objection 1: it would seem lying is always a sin. For the Bible says, “lying lips are an abomination to the Lord, but those who act faithfully are his delight” (Proverbs, 12:22). Therefore, lying is always wrong.
Objection 2: Further, St. Thomas Aquinas says, “a lie is always evil. For it is an inordinate and unreasonable thing, and hence an evil, to employ speech, which is the natural instrument for expressing what is in the mind, as ameans of expressing what is not in the mind.” Therefore, lying is always wrong [9].
Objection 3: Further, Immanuel Kant says “a lie always harms another; if not some human being, then it nevertheless does harm to humanity in general, inasmuch as it vitiates the very source of right.” But what harms humanity in general is always wrong. Therefore, lying is always wrong [10].
Objection 4: Further, the current Catechism and consensus of Catholic theologians is that lying is always wrong. But the consensus of Catholic theologians and the Catechism is always right on faith and morals. Therefore, lying is always wrong [14].
DEFINITIONS
This is a dialectical investigation of definitions, therefore I will not attempt to demonstrative proof.
Traditionally, lying has been defined as “deliberately speaking against one’s own mind” [1, 2], but a newer definition included within the Catechism is “speaking a falsehood with the intention of deceiving” [1, 3]. I find both definitions inadequate (especially the second, which would make a person who accidentally speaks a truth with the intent to deceive not a liar—but it would seem he is) for they omit certain cases which would definitely seem like lying. For instance, both definitions would omit writing, but it seems a person who writes a falsehood with the intention to deceive is also lying. In addition, it would also seem to me that writing a falsehood to a soulless construct—say ChatGPT—is not a case of lying. Additionally, Aquinas’ view has internal contradictions [5] and does not allow even for drama, jokes, or broad mental reservation, which is against the current consensus of Catholic theologians [1].
I propose that a better definition that would be acceptable to most Catholics would be lying is “an unambiguous use of language against one’s mind with the intent to deceive another person.” The reason I use this definition is because wide mental reservation has always been accepted by the church as acceptable to the moral law [1, 2, 4, 7] and its acceptability rests on the ambiguous nature of the statement, whether written or spoken. This definition would also sidestep certain issues present in the first definition, that is, the moral licitness of plays and novels.
ARGUMENT
*On the contrary*, as St John Chrysostom says in *On the Priesthood* Book I, “a well-timed deception, undertaken with an upright intention, has such advantages, that many persons often had to undergo punishment for abstaining from fraud.”
*I respond that* the current definition of lying is inconsistent with Catholic usage of wide mental reservation. In addition, the philosophical argument for lying being a sin is a variation of the perverted faculty argument, and relies on the premise that language is primarily a faculty for communicating truth. But language is not a faculty primarily for communicating truth. Therefore lying is not always a sin.
Wide mental reservation has always included actions such as lying in law courts and pleasantries [2, 8]. If an attorney is asked about a case, he may answer “I do not know,” but this would not be counted as lying, because of the privilege of his position. If asked “how are you” it is not lying to reply “I am fine” even if you are not fine. Edward Feser further asserts false utterances in the course of poker [8] is not not a lie, because in the context of a poker game these it is not the convention to speak the truth. In addition, deception with misdirected speech (see the example of St Athanasius) has also always been accepted.
Yet broad mental reservation contradicts all definitions of lying. Edward Feser addresses this difficulty by discussing how situations can dictate the licitness of a given use of language in deception. This is because language, being conventional, depends of situation, person, and place. According to Feser, if it is understood ahead of time that the context is *not* conducive for expressing one’s true thoughts, then saying a falsehood with the intent to deceive is morally licit. Yet this action fulfills all three definitions of lying (Aquinas’s, the Catechism’s, and mine). Therefore, by the principle of *reduction as absurdum*, he is wrong. Another example: when I say “I am not the Werewolf” (in the context of One Night Ultimate Werewolf) I am fully intending to deceive my fellow players, and am speaking a falsehood, fulfilling all definitions. Yet under the principle of broad mental reservation I am free of sin. Either all game playing in which deception is involved (such as One Night Ultimate Werewolf, Mafia, Poker) is sinful, or current consensus on lying is wrong.
An interlocutor could object that in this situation, one willingly enters into a situation in which it is understood that deception is going on. No one expects the truth in poker—in fact, that’s the point of the game. Yet how is this different in the case of a Nazi searching for Jews? It seems absurd to expect the owner of the house to speak the truth in such a situation. In fact, the New Advent [2, 16], says it is permissible for a person, due to their rank, to be understood to not tell the truth (therefore a Confessor might untruthfully “say I do not know” if asked about the sins of a confessed). By those principles, if those Nazis went to the house of a Jewish Rabbi, and asked where the scrolls of the Torah were so that they might defile it, it would not be lying if the Jewish Rabbi said untruthfully, “I do not know.” Yet, if it became a matter of the rest of the Rabbi’s family, it would become lying. This seems to be absurd.
Additionally, social conventions of language always depend on the culture. Therefore, what in one culture would give offense, may be salutary in another culture. To claim then that objectively in all times and in all places, phrases such as that used in the court of law, by doctors, by priests are to be given a special meaning is a premise that requires defense, otherwise it smacks of special pleading. No article I have read so far has given rules or a defense on why these words should be understood in this certain way. Otherwise, it could be argued in hoodlum culture that lying to the police is a certain kind of convention and it is absurd to expect truth in such a circumstance, and therefore these actions fall under broad mental reservation rather than lying. Such examples may be expanded, *ad infinitum*, for every subculture with special conventions and language.
There are several arguments against lying such as arguments from justice, or an arguments about the necessity of truth for social institutions. The latter sort seem to me to be a sort of consequentialism, which is condemned by the church, and the former leads to questions on whether all people are owed the truth at all times—if not, then the arguments from justice fall apart. These arguments seem to me to be shaky, and therefore I shall save most of my space in addressing what seems to be the most substantial.
It seems to me the best argument against lying stems from the perverted faculty argument. Lying, under this view, perverts the faculty of language, because the purpose of language is to make one’s mind known. Yet, if one lies, one’s mind is not known. Therefore, lying is a perverted use of language, and therefore a sin. I quote Edward Feser on the perverted faculty:
*”The perversion of a human faculty essentially involves both using the faculty but doing so in a way that is positively contrary to its natural end. As I’ve explained before, simply to refrain from using a faculty at all is not to pervert it. Using a faculty for something that is merely other than its natural end is also not to pervert it. Hence, suppose faculty F exists for the sake of end E. There is nothing perverse about not using F at all, and there is nothing perverse about using F but for the sake of some other end G. What is perverse is using F but in a way that actively prevents E from being realized. It is this contrariness to the very point of the faculty, this outright frustration of its function, that is the heart of the perversity.”* [17]
But it seems to me that the purpose of language is not simply to make one’s mind known. The reason I say this is that it seems human cognition, it itself, requires language. Even more fundamental than communicating, it seems the exercise of rational human faculties depends on language—no language, no abstract speech [18]. If this were true, then it would seem then the primary purpose of language is not to make one’s mind known, but to aid one to think—even in a world without others, language still seems necessary for the function of the mind, in away different from the sexual organs. In this way, the perverted faculty argument is avoided.
REPLIES
Reply to Objection 1: There are equally many passages in the Bible that suggest that lying in certain instances is praiseworthy, such as the incident with Rahab the prostitute, the Hebrew midwives, Judith, and Joseph [11]. Additionally, the Bible sometimes speaks in absolutes, and it requires careful reading to piece together the full implications. For instance, Genesis 9:5-6 commands the execution for every person who killed a man. Yet clearly this does not include killing in a case of self-defense, which would fit the plain text meaning.
Reply to Objection 2: Aquinas’s argument on the total prohibition of lying is contradicted by himself in later parts of the Summa:
*”The Summa Theologica appears to be inconsistent on untruths in drama and more generally in works of fiction. The total condemnation of lies in Question 110 (which is part of the discussion of the cardinal virtue of justice and virtues annexed to it) would appear to embrace these. However, in Question 168 (which is part of the discussion of the cardinal virtue of temperance), St Thomas is emphatic that play (expressly including drama) is necessary for human flourishing.[15] This from a man who had himself been the target of vigorous satire in 1253 during a dispute in Paris. While St Thomas quotes Cicero and St Ambrose to the effect that there are limits to what is permissible on stage, for instance to prevent obscenity,[16] in this discussion he at no point suggests that untrue statements (or distortions of reality) in drama or satire are impermissible.
This raises a question over St Thomas’s earlier insistence that lies told in fun are sins. He expressly asserts that although the speaker is not seeking to deceive and that nobody is deceived, nevertheless the very nature of the action is to deceive.[17] Treating drama as not just permissible but a praiseworthy activity seems at odds with the earlier argument that because truthfulness is a virtue, lying is an offence against truth and a sin. There is a prima facie inconsistency here.”* [5].
In addition, the church consensus does not hold to so rigorous a view as St. Thomas, who would condemn even drama, novels, jokes, the equivocation of Confessors and pleadings in the court of law.
Reply to Objection 3: this is a misinterpretation of Kant. I quote:
*”Despite the popularity of the traditional interpretation of Kant's argument in the “Supposed Right to Lie” and despite the apparent textual support of it, I believe it must be mistaken. To start, it seems clear that an interpretative approach that focuses on issues of general morality is wrong, because Kant explicitly says throughout the essay that he is limiting the argument to a discussion of justice or what Kant calls “right.”2 For example, in the block quote in the previous paragraph Kant discusses only how lying to the murderer should be analyzed from the point of view of “public justice,” meaning how public courts should respond to such cases (8: 426–29). Kant never discusses first-personal ethics (universalizable maxims and actions from duty) in this paper. In fact, the only mention Kant gives to ethics and virtue serves to emphasize that he is not concerned with these issues, but only with right or justice.”* [19]
Reply to Objection 4: Church consensus is suggestive but not infallible. The Church used to believe that the sun rotated around the earth, but it no longer holds to this view. In fact, very little doctrine has ever been held unanimously by the church. For example, many church fathers praised lying [1, 11] and some even denied the Immaculate Conception, including St. Thomas himself.
SOURCES
[1] https://www.catholic.com/magazine/print-edition/is-lying-ever-right
[2] https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09469a.htm
[3] http://www.scborromeo.org/ccc/p3s2c2a8.htm
[4] https://www.catholic.com/encyclopedia/mental-reservation
[5] https://www.thinkingfaith.org/articles/thomist’s-guide-lying
[6] https://www.newadvent.org/fathers/19221.htm
[7] https://www.catholicculture.org/culture/library/dictionary/index.cfm?id=32244
[8] https://edwardfeser.blogspot.com/2010/11/what-counts-as-lie.html?m=1
[9] http://www.catholictheology.info/summa-theologica/summa-part2B.php?q=112
[10] http://www.sophia-project.org/uploads/1/3/9/5/13955288/kant\_lying.pdf
[11] http://cassianscorner.blogspot.com/2012/02/justified-lies.html?m=1
[12] https://www.newmanreader.org/works/apologia/detail8.html
[13] https://catholicstand.com/chesterton-lying-fresh-evidence/
[14] https://www.ncregister.com/commentaries/is-it-ever-permissible-to-lie?amp
[15] https://faculty.georgetown.edu/jod/augustine/ddc2.html
[16] https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10195b.htm
[17] https://edwardfeser.blogspot.com/2017/02/how-to-be-pervert.html?m=1
[18] https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S001002772100041X#:\~:text=In%20recent%20years%2C%20language%20has,such%20as%20democracy%20or%20prediction.
[19] https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1467-9833.2010.01507.x
submitted by AddressNo6128 to CatholicPhilosophy [link] [comments]


2023.07.02 12:38 AddressNo6128 Is Lying Always a Sin?

TL, DR: Lying is not always a sin.
I apologize for the disorder of reference numbers—I did not write this post in the same order as I organized it. I mean no disrespect to any of the authors I have cited or argued against, but rather am simply seeking understanding. I am open to having my mind changed.
This post is organized in the style of a St. Thomas Article.
OBJECTIONS
Objection 1: it would seem lying is always a sin. For the Bible says, “lying lips are an abomination to the Lord, but those who act faithfully are his delight” (Proverbs, 12:22). Therefore, lying is always wrong.
Objection 2: Further, St. Thomas Aquinas says, “a lie is always evil. For it is an inordinate and unreasonable thing, and hence an evil, to employ speech, which is the natural instrument for expressing what is in the mind, as ameans of expressing what is not in the mind.” Therefore, lying is always wrong [9].
Objection 3: Further, Immanuel Kant says “a lie always harms another; if not some human being, then it nevertheless does harm to humanity in general, inasmuch as it vitiates the very source of right.” But what harms humanity in general is always wrong. Therefore, lying is always wrong [10].
Objection 4: Further, the current Catechism and consensus of Catholic theologians is that lying is always wrong. But the consensus of Catholic theologians and the Catechism is always right on faith and morals. Therefore, lying is always wrong [14].
DEFINITIONS
This is a dialectical investigation of definitions, therefore I will not attempt to demonstrative proof.
Traditionally, lying has been defined as “deliberately speaking against one’s own mind” [1, 2], but a newer definition included within the Catechism is “speaking a falsehood with the intention of deceiving” [1, 3]. I find both definitions inadequate (especially the second, which would make a person who accidentally speaks a truth with the intent to deceive not a liar—but it would seem he is) for they omit certain cases which would definitely seem like lying. For instance, both definitions would omit writing, but it seems a person who writes a falsehood with the intention to deceive is also lying. In addition, it would also seem to me that writing a falsehood to a soulless construct—say ChatGPT—is not a case of lying. Additionally, Aquinas’ view has internal contradictions [5] and does not allow even for drama, jokes, or broad mental reservation, which is against the current consensus of Catholic theologians [1].
I propose that a better definition that would be acceptable to most Catholics would be lying is “an unambiguous use of language against one’s mind with the intent to deceive another person.” The reason I use this definition is because wide mental reservation has always been accepted by the church as acceptable to the moral law [1, 2, 4, 7] and its acceptability rests on the ambiguous nature of the statement, whether written or spoken. This definition would also sidestep certain issues present in the first definition, that is, the moral licitness of plays and novels.
ARGUMENT
*On the contrary*, as St John Chrysostom says in *On the Priesthood* Book I, “a well-timed deception, undertaken with an upright intention, has such advantages, that many persons often had to undergo punishment for abstaining from fraud.”
*I respond that* the current definition of lying is inconsistent with Catholic usage of wide mental reservation. In addition, the philosophical argument for lying being a sin is a variation of the perverted faculty argument, and relies on the premise that language is primarily a faculty for communicating truth. But language is not a faculty primarily for communicating truth. Therefore lying is not always a sin.
Wide mental reservation has always included actions such as lying in law courts and pleasantries [2, 8]. If an attorney is asked about a case, he may answer “I do not know,” but this would not be counted as lying, because of the privilege of his position. If asked “how are you” it is not lying to reply “I am fine” even if you are not fine. Edward Feser further asserts false utterances in the course of poker [8] is not not a lie, because in the context of a poker game these it is not the convention to speak the truth. In addition, deception with misdirected speech (see the example of St Athanasius) has also always been accepted.
Yet broad mental reservation contradicts all definitions of lying. Edward Feser addresses this difficulty by discussing how situations can dictate the licitness of a given use of language in deception. This is because language, being conventional, depends of situation, person, and place. According to Feser, if it is understood ahead of time that the context is *not* conducive for expressing one’s true thoughts, then saying a falsehood with the intent to deceive is morally licit. Yet this action fulfills all three definitions of lying (Aquinas’s, the Catechism’s, and mine). Therefore, by the principle of *reduction as absurdum*, he is wrong. Another example: when I say “I am not the Werewolf” (in the context of One Night Ultimate Werewolf) I am fully intending to deceive my fellow players, and am speaking a falsehood, fulfilling all definitions. Yet under the principle of broad mental reservation I am free of sin. Either all game playing in which deception is involved (such as One Night Ultimate Werewolf, Mafia, Poker) is sinful, or current consensus on lying is wrong.
An interlocutor could object that in this situation, one willingly enters into a situation in which it is understood that deception is going on. No one expects the truth in poker—in fact, that’s the point of the game. Yet how is this different in the case of a Nazi searching for Jews? It seems absurd to expect the owner of the house to speak the truth in such a situation. In fact, the New Advent [2, 16], says it is permissible for a person, due to their rank, to be understood to not tell the truth (therefore a Confessor might untruthfully “say I do not know” if asked about the sins of a confessed). By those principles, if those Nazis went to the house of a Jewish Rabbi, and asked where the scrolls of the Torah were so that they might defile it, it would not be lying if the Jewish Rabbi said untruthfully, “I do not know.” Yet, if it became a matter of the rest of the Rabbi’s family, it would become lying. This seems to be absurd.
Additionally, social conventions of language always depend on the culture. Therefore, what in one culture would give offense, may be salutary in another culture. To claim then that objectively in all times and in all places, phrases such as that used in the court of law, by doctors, by priests are to be given a special meaning is a premise that requires defense, otherwise it smacks of special pleading. No article I have read so far has given rules or a defense on why these words should be understood in this certain way. Otherwise, it could be argued in hoodlum culture that lying to the police is a certain kind of convention and it is absurd to expect truth in such a circumstance, and therefore these actions fall under broad mental reservation rather than lying. Such examples may be expanded, *ad infinitum*, for every subculture with special conventions and language.
There are several arguments against lying such as arguments from justice, or an arguments about the necessity of truth for social institutions. The latter sort seem to me to be a sort of consequentialism, which is condemned by the church, and the former leads to questions on whether all people are owed the truth at all times—if not, then the arguments from justice fall apart. These arguments seem to me to be shaky, and therefore I shall save most of my space in addressing what seems to be the most substantial.
It seems to me the best argument against lying stems from the perverted faculty argument. Lying, under this view, perverts the faculty of language, because the purpose of language is to make one’s mind known. Yet, if one lies, one’s mind is not known. Therefore, lying is a perverted use of language, and therefore a sin. I quote Edward Feser on the perverted faculty:
*”The perversion of a human faculty essentially involves both using the faculty but doing so in a way that is positively contrary to its natural end. As I’ve explained before, simply to refrain from using a faculty at all is not to pervert it. Using a faculty for something that is merely other than its natural end is also not to pervert it. Hence, suppose faculty F exists for the sake of end E. There is nothing perverse about not using F at all, and there is nothing perverse about using F but for the sake of some other end G. What is perverse is using F but in a way that actively prevents E from being realized. It is this contrariness to the very point of the faculty, this outright frustration of its function, that is the heart of the perversity.”* [17]
But it seems to me that the purpose of language is not simply to make one’s mind known. The reason I say this is that it seems human cognition, it itself, requires language. Even more fundamental than communicating, it seems the exercise of rational human faculties depends on language—no language, no abstract speech [18]. If this were true, then it would seem then the primary purpose of language is not to make one’s mind known, but to aid one to think—even in a world without others, language still seems necessary for the function of the mind, in away different from the sexual organs. In this way, the perverted faculty argument is avoided.
REPLIES
Reply to Objection 1: There are equally many passages in the Bible that suggest that lying in certain instances is praiseworthy, such as the incident with Rahab the prostitute, the Hebrew midwives, Judith, and Joseph [11]. Additionally, the Bible sometimes speaks in absolutes, and it requires careful reading to piece together the full implications. For instance, Genesis 9:5-6 commands the execution for every person who killed a man. Yet clearly this does not include killing in a case of self-defense, which would fit the plain text meaning.
Reply to Objection 2: Aquinas’s argument on the total prohibition of lying is contradicted by himself in later parts of the Summa:
*”The Summa Theologica appears to be inconsistent on untruths in drama and more generally in works of fiction. The total condemnation of lies in Question 110 (which is part of the discussion of the cardinal virtue of justice and virtues annexed to it) would appear to embrace these. However, in Question 168 (which is part of the discussion of the cardinal virtue of temperance), St Thomas is emphatic that play (expressly including drama) is necessary for human flourishing.[15] This from a man who had himself been the target of vigorous satire in 1253 during a dispute in Paris. While St Thomas quotes Cicero and St Ambrose to the effect that there are limits to what is permissible on stage, for instance to prevent obscenity,[16] in this discussion he at no point suggests that untrue statements (or distortions of reality) in drama or satire are impermissible.
This raises a question over St Thomas’s earlier insistence that lies told in fun are sins. He expressly asserts that although the speaker is not seeking to deceive and that nobody is deceived, nevertheless the very nature of the action is to deceive.[17] Treating drama as not just permissible but a praiseworthy activity seems at odds with the earlier argument that because truthfulness is a virtue, lying is an offence against truth and a sin. There is a prima facie inconsistency here.”* [5].
In addition, the church consensus does not hold to so rigorous a view as St. Thomas, who would condemn even drama, novels, jokes, the equivocation of Confessors and pleadings in the court of law.
Reply to Objection 3: this is a misinterpretation of Kant. I quote:
*”Despite the popularity of the traditional interpretation of Kant's argument in the “Supposed Right to Lie” and despite the apparent textual support of it, I believe it must be mistaken. To start, it seems clear that an interpretative approach that focuses on issues of general morality is wrong, because Kant explicitly says throughout the essay that he is limiting the argument to a discussion of justice or what Kant calls “right.”2 For example, in the block quote in the previous paragraph Kant discusses only how lying to the murderer should be analyzed from the point of view of “public justice,” meaning how public courts should respond to such cases (8: 426–29). Kant never discusses first-personal ethics (universalizable maxims and actions from duty) in this paper. In fact, the only mention Kant gives to ethics and virtue serves to emphasize that he is not concerned with these issues, but only with right or justice.”* [19]
Reply to Objection 4: Church consensus is suggestive but not infallible. The Church used to believe that the sun rotated around the earth, but it no longer holds to this view. In fact, very little doctrine has ever been held unanimously by the church. For example, many church fathers praised lying [1, 11] and some even denied the Immaculate Conception, including St. Thomas himself.
SOURCES
[1] https://www.catholic.com/magazine/print-edition/is-lying-ever-right
[2] https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09469a.htm
[3] http://www.scborromeo.org/ccc/p3s2c2a8.htm
[4] https://www.catholic.com/encyclopedia/mental-reservation
[5] https://www.thinkingfaith.org/articles/thomist’s-guide-lying
[6] https://www.newadvent.org/fathers/19221.htm
[7] https://www.catholicculture.org/culture/library/dictionary/index.cfm?id=32244
[8] https://edwardfeser.blogspot.com/2010/11/what-counts-as-lie.html?m=1
[9] http://www.catholictheology.info/summa-theologica/summa-part2B.php?q=112
[10] http://www.sophia-project.org/uploads/1/3/9/5/13955288/kant_lying.pdf
[11] http://cassianscorner.blogspot.com/2012/02/justified-lies.html?m=1
[12] https://www.newmanreader.org/works/apologia/detail8.html
[13] https://catholicstand.com/chesterton-lying-fresh-evidence/
[14] https://www.ncregister.com/commentaries/is-it-ever-permissible-to-lie?amp
[15] https://faculty.georgetown.edu/jod/augustine/ddc2.html
[16] https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10195b.htm
[17] https://edwardfeser.blogspot.com/2017/02/how-to-be-pervert.html?m=1
[18] https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S001002772100041X#:~:text=In%20recent%20years%2C%20language%20has,such%20as%20democracy%20or%20prediction.
[19] https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1467-9833.2010.01507.x
submitted by AddressNo6128 to Catholicism [link] [comments]


2023.03.06 22:59 Ok_Win_3538 How to revive the Sly Franchise.

How to revive the Sly Franchise.

Art by TheGraphicNovelist
Yes, yes I know; horse is dead, stick is broken and the corpse is buried and nothing but bones BUT as a hardcore and die hard Sly fan? I refuse to let Sly die. So firstly I want to pose a few questions to you all and I want your genuine answer in the comments.
  1. Can Sly Cooper work as a game in the 'modern age'?
  2. Is Sly still marketable enough for Playstation as a mascot or flagship character?
  3. Is it wiser to to a remake of the original trilogy and a straight up remake of Thieves in time? Or do we completely start from scratch and reboot Sly Cooper entirely?

I will give my own brief answer to each of these questions so you can see where I am coming from on this issue:
  • Yes, Sly 100% can work as a modern age game and Ghost of Tsushima is living proof.
  • Sly Cooper is what MADE Suckerpunch, whether they revive the series or not remains to be seen but if they market Sly the same way Santa Monica markets Kratos and Atreus or how Naughty Dog markets Nathan Drake or even Ellie and Joel? Yeah, Sly is 100% still marketable.
  • Hot take: Reboot the series entirely from the ground up but don't HARD reboot everything.
You see over the years after combing through Sly's lore, history and having replayed the games over and over and over again since I was 13(I'm 29 now) I have come to the realization as bitter as it may be that Sly's world is incredibly limited in scope and is RIDDLED with plot holes that may have flown back then but nowadays people expect a lot from their games and their storytelling however that isn't to say Sly Cooper couldn't have a compelling and deep narrative while still maintaining the fun.
In fact that is an advantage I feel it genuinely holds over the likes of Crash, Spyro, Ratchet and even Jak to a degree because of the specific kind of character that Sly Cooper is, and Sly Cooper whether you like it or not; is an Anti-Hero. Yes, he is noble, kind, just and has a good moral compass but he's still an internationally wanted master thief and while yes he only steals from criminals, he hordes the wealth and so this isn't even like a Robin Hood situation where he stole from the rich and gave to the poor.
To Sly and his family it's all a game of cat and mouse or I guess in this case? Fox and Raccoon with a giant owl acting as a third party. Now with that said the crime niore and criminal underworld element of the Sly world is one that sometimes gets forgotten behind all the whimsy but there is a lot of potential for some dark and gritty storytelling but that by no means has to compromise any of the fun or excitement being had.
Now am I saying hard reboot the entire franchise and change Sly into a different character? No, I am saying let's take the basic building blocks of what was already there and expand upon it, expand on Sly's history, his time in the orphanage, what his mom and dad were like, expand on Bentley and Murray's backstory. Hell expand on Carmelita's because a lot of fans don't even know what her backstory is and probably don't care because they have no reason to care.
Then we have the advantage of modern hardware to take into consideration because I have zero doubts that if Suckerpunch could make Ghost of Tsushima on PS4 look as good as it did? Imagine what they could do with Sly Cooper with the power of the PS5. Now personally if I were in the directors role and had to be in charge of how each game was structured, here are the reboot improvements I would make.
  1. We start out with the open Hub worlds established in Sly 2
  2. Introduce difficulty levels
  3. Co-Op multiplayer(think a cross between Ghost of Tsushima legends and the cops & robbers game from Sly 3)
  4. Overarching narrative/theme & villain
That last one is VERY important because it would keep the player hooked into the story and lore, keep them wanting to know more and string them along for a saga long mystery that will have a grand payoff by the ending. For me the theme of each game would go as follows:
  • Sly Cooper & The Thievius Racoonus: Revenge vs Justice
  • Sly 2: Band of Thieves: Teamwork vs going solo
  • Sly 3: Honor Among Thieves: Trust, Honor, Redemption
  • Sly 4: Thieves in Time: Learning from history and how not to repeat mistakes of the past
  • Sly 5: Thieves of Legend : What it means to be a legend and how to leave behind a legacy

Sly vs Clockwerk's newest frame; art by theGraphicNovelist

Of course the main overarching villain here would be Clockwerk because in a way I see the relationship between these two to be very akin to that of Barry Allen, The Flash and Eobard Thawne, the Reverse Flash. Neither can exist without the other and Clockwerk is so petty and dedicated to ending the Cooper lineage that he traded his flesh, blood, bone and mortality through sheer hatred and force of will to keep himself alive so he could prove he was better than them. And in every generation was the one who killed a Cooper of great importance; that is ULTRA levels of petty and that is the kind of villain you want for a story like this.
Of course he wouldn't always be the MAIN villain but he would be one constantly lingering in the background, pulling strings and ensuring that no matter what the Cooper bloodline suffers whether he is around to cause it or not. Each game he would have SOME kind of role to play because he as a character, alive or dead is useful to the criminal underworld of this world they've built.
If he's alive? He basically rules the criminal underworld like its kingpin, he's top dog and the apex predator, but if he's dead? His body parts are infinitely useful and sooner or later some overly ambitious asshole pieces them back together which eventually results in his revival. To quote Thanos.

https://preview.redd.it/2m5mjjxxj6ma1.png?width=680&format=png&auto=webp&s=4b179658d460e8002a79112a47d8151fd3f683e5
Hell I'll even quote Clockwerk himself upon his first 'death'
"COOPER! YOU WILL NEVER BE RID OF ME! CLOCKWERK! IS! SUPERIOR!"
God he's fucking terrifying.

In fact you could even break it down like this for each game(injecting a bit of head canon here)
  1. Thievius Racoonus: Fiendish 5; the gang Clockwerk assembled to kill Conor Cooper
  2. Band of Thieves: Clockwerks Parts are used by a gang of criminal masterminds
  3. Honor Among Thieves: You find out in the end that Dr. M sold the Cooper's out to Clockwerk in an act of spite because he felt slighted by Conor as a teammate.
  4. You learn Clockwerks true origins
  5. Clockwerk revives one final time for a last gambit in an attempt to make his legacy live on forever even if he himself cannot.
He would act as an allegory for what not to be if you are trying to be a master thief and how to leave a legacy in the wrong way and Sly would be his direct polar opposite and the perfect example of what to be in his line of work but he wouldn't be perfect by any means. Sly's defining traits would be his confidence, arrogance, ego, humor, wit and charm but he would by no means be perfect at everything or always have all the answers hence why he needs his team to help him out through the times when he isn't enough on its own.
I will always say Sly Cooper is the only one of the mascot series that wasn't afraid to add the element of romance into the story and while it was often played as a joke, the affection and love Carmelita and Sly have for each other is genuine and I feel there is a lot of potential for a well told love story. Two lovers on different sides of the law, one because of duty and the other because of legacy; truly you can do something beautiful with that especially in a crime thriller setting.

They're obsessed with each other.

But hey lets not make this all about Sly, as mentioned, Carmelita, Murray, Bentley and even the other villains all have so much more potential than the games actually give us. Like we barely know anything about Bentley and Murray outside the basic stuff and the same is true of Carmelita. We barely know any of her backstory or why she became a police officer to begin with, we know she has a black and white view on crime and that Sly is her primary target but what else is there? Where did she come from? Where did she grow up? Why does she see crime this way?
With Bentley and Murray; where did they come from? Parents dead or alive? I always had this head canon that Bentley's parents were the founders of Thiefnet and they didn't dump Bentley off or anything they simply lost him and never recovered him but had been looking for him but Bentley isn't what they named him so they have no idea its him. For Murray I went a bit darker and imagine that he was the son of a street racer who got in too deep with the mafia or got screwed over by police and was killed and Murray as a result was sent to the orphanage as a baby.
For Carmelita my head canon is that she grew up in the slums where crime was not just rampant but normal, joining a gang was expected of you at a young age but Carmelita was simply different, she never wanted to join a gang or be in with the crowd like her sisters or even her parents; she managed to apply herself and get out out of the ghetto and wanted to come back as a police officer to protect it the right way, only to come back years later to find her sisters either dead or in jail, mom is dead, dad is on the run and she swore from that moment on to never waiver on criminals no matter their reasons.
These are just head canons but you get my point, there is a lot of room for expansion here. Even the original villains could use more depth not just in character but the criminal plans they conducted. The Fiendish 5 for example never used the pages of the book to commit any crimes or improve their skills which has always baffled me. So this would be the perfect chance to expand upon that and give the villains and by extension their plans more depth so there is more of a payoff when we finally defeat them.
Then we even have the ancestors themselves which in retrospect are a massive let down because they are literally all nothing but cheap stereotypes. Rioichi is a proverb spouting ninja with a thick Japanese accent yet for some reason speaks English, Bob is a caveman, Sir Galleth is a haughty knight, Salim is a cranky Arabian old man, Tennessee is a cowboy gunslinger. We don't even get to play as the more interesting ancestors like Henrietta One Eye Cooper who was a pirate; I really just feel they slapped a bunch of labels on them and called it a day.
Legendary Linage
There is so much potential here because this is the lineage that makes Sly who is he, it's where he got his genesis, its a template for who he could become and who he might have been in another life because lets be honest the Cooper's are all mostly the same but are defined by the time period they live in and I think that is where Sanzaru screwed up; they had the level defined by the ancestor and not the other way around and none of the villains attached to the ancestors felt personal.
Like seriously who actually can say El Jefe actually gave a damn about Riochi, Toothpick didn't personally care or have a axe to grind against Tennessee Kid Cooper, The Grizz ain't care about Bob, Penelope only had any hate to throw at Galleth because he was related to Sly and Ms. Decibel just did what Le Paradox ordered her to do. Le Paradox himself was just a watered down version of Clockwerk and Dr. M and he wasn't at all intimidating as a threat.
So if we start from the beginning of the series and rework things we can set up brand new villains to take the stage in each game while at the same time bringing back old ones for nostalgia but they wouldn't be the main focus outside of their own game. I feel like if done this way the series could truly and really thrive and if Ghost of Tsushima is any indication? People still want games like Sly because Ghost has you do a lot of things Sly would have you do just in a more real and wide open area.
In order to make the game enticing you need to give players incentive to play and not just play but come back to play again after the first time. So this why you introduce things like collectibles, difficulty settings and of course multi-player and I genuinely think Legends is the best example of how to do a multiplayer for a game like Sly Cooper.
This would be fun and you KNOW IT
You can have different classes based around characters in the game so for example
  • Stealth(Sly & the ancestors)
  • Hacker(Bentley, Penelope)
  • Brawler(Murray, Panda King)
  • Long Range(Carmelita)
And you could have different game modes or challenges examples include
  • Hide & Seek
  • Cops & Robbers
  • Capture the safehouse
  • Biplane Battle
  • Pirate Ship War
  • Boss Raid
You'd have access to ThiefnNet and all that good stuff in the Menu's to buy upgrades with coins you earn from completing jobs and special challenges. When it comes to in game collectibles? There are a wide list of those but here are a few
  • Clue Bottles(30 per level)
  • Sly Masks(Sly exclusive)
  • Data Chips(Bentley exclusive)
  • Comic books(Murray exclusive)
  • Case files(Sly & Carmelita)
  • Police badges(Carmelita exclusive)
  • Level exclusive treasures
Each game would have something new as to switch it up but these are just some first draft examples I had thought of. I know this may seem like a lot and honestly I could spend the next couple hours typing a script for these if I wanted to and I do; why? Because I love Sly as a character and a franchise and it genuinely hurts me to see him just forgotten and thrown to the side because Sony thinks he isn't profitable when he is. I hope some of these ideas click with you all or at least some of you because I know there is a large part of the fandom that just doesn't have any faith left and that Sly is just dead but I refuse to let that be the case.
So I would love to hear your feedback so long as its respectful and until then? Stay well friends.

His origin; art by Miralith. omfg he's so adorable T_T also headcanon is mom is a cat named Selena...don't take this from me!
submitted by Ok_Win_3538 to Slycooper [link] [comments]


2023.02.20 12:04 Moon_Dew [Let's Continue] d100 Events, Encounters, and Plot Seeds in a Urban Arcana-like setting

For those who don't know what Urban Arcana is. Basically think Torchwood, Special Unit 2, Primeval, Beforeigners, Les Visiteurs (or it's US remake, Just Visiting), and... pretty much any anime or manga of the reverse isekai genre.
A world much like our own has been experiencing a phenomena for the past century, where our world has been coming into contact with a world of fantasy, with beings and objects from that world bleeding into ours. The reason most people are unaware of this, however, is that the incursions are usually small and localized, with only small groups of beings at most coming into our world, and that most people in our world have a sort of "weirdness filter" that rationalizes what they see into something more mundane (Orcs are just big, ugly people. Zombies are just crazed drug addicts. The explosion was caused by a grenade or gas leak instead of a fireball spell. Of course, seeing something truly unexplainable, such as a demonic summoning or a disguised dragon showing their true form, would overload and forever shatter this filter, "awakening" the witness to the truth of the world.) This phenomena is not unique and, indeed, has happened many times before in the past, leading to the rise of the various myths and legends of yore.
Most of the people who end up in our world are just ordinary people (even if not necessarily human) like us, scared and confused, trying to survive in this new world. Of course many evil beings are being brought forth to our world as well, either by this mysterious phenomena or summoned by the other-worlders. Dragons rule the boardrooms, vampires run the night clubs, the head of the local mafia is a mind flayer, goblins are waging gangwars against the kobolds, and a teenaged wannabe witch has gotten her hands on a real spellbook. Indeed, there are, once more, monsters going bump in the night... and there are heroes ready to bump back.
1) The Book of Vile Darkness has ended up in the hands of a bullied teen.
2) A halfling is pretending to be a lost child in order to distract the police while her gang picks the pockets of the crowd at the park.
3) A famous haunted house attraction has become haunted for real! Fortunately most of the ghost are harmless, simply wanting to scare people for fun. Unfortunately, one of the ghosts is a famous serial killer planning to continue their killing spree.
4) An occult store has recently come into possession of a mummified human hand. The owner, thinking nothing of it, has put it up for display behind the counter. The hand is actually The Hand of Vecna, and the local necromancer cabal is interested.
5) In the redlight district several Johns (and even a few Janes) have been turning up dead. There's no obvious cause of death in any of them, but all of their faces were frozen in fear. A succubus has made the district her hunting grounds.
6) Bad Dreams and Keeping Up Disappearances: an entire neighborhood suffers them, and they are all quite similar. When people go missing, the dreams become stronger, and the shadows in the alleys get deeper. One week after going missing the bodies appear, still warm, and in sequence, always 1 week after disappearance... [u/MaxSizeIs]
7) It's All Fun and Games Until Someone Finds a Baby in the Dumpster: Someone finds a lot of babies in the dumpster and they're all disfigured, mangled, and discolored. They're goblin spawn, but lack the metamagical spark that is required for life... [u/MaxSizeIs]
8) The Blind Watchmaker: dangerous monsters are blending in, hidden in plain sight, waiting to strike -- their attacks are happening more often, but the perpetrators aren't being found. If that's not bad enough, now ordinary, everyday people are suddenly committing atrocities and then disappearing, or dying in suspicious suicides after being suddenly grotesquely deformed... the authorities are afraid and keeping a lid on it, but rumors on the street are that someone can change you.. can "unlock your potential" and grant you powers beyond normal, for a seemingly low price... [u/MaxSizeIs]
9) I Dream of Djinni: Someone rubbed a lamp. Bad things happened, and the Djinni, or whatever it is is is free. Now you are told that you must kill the one who woke the terrible evil, in order to stop it from spreading.. the only problem is the one alleged to have rubbed the lamp turns up dead, and the Djinn is still on the loose! [u/MaxSizeIs]
10) An isolated community known for being a sleepy town on the edge of nowhere, where nothing ever happens, has a string of grisly cannibalistic murders. The party must break a conspiracy of a Wendigo cult, and kill the wendigo at the heart! [u/MaxSizeIs]
11) A wood elf druid has joined an eco-terrorist group and is using their power over nature to destroy construction sites, injuring and even killing the workers and damaging city infrastructure.
12) A gang of goblins has robbed a fireworks factory of its product. Exactly what they're planning to do with the fireworks is anyone's guess, but it's likely someone (most likely the goblins themselves) will get hurt if they're not stopped.
13) Where's the Beef? Walking Down the Street: A fledgling necromancer has, as a prank, reanimated the contents of a slaughterhouse. The resulting undead are harmless, but it's causing quite a panic.
14) Circus's are traditionally the home of the bizarre and unusual, giants, midgets, painted ladies, fortune tellers, magicians. So roll up, roll up. Chipperfield's Circus is in town next week. What are those strange animals? How does that thing fly? We didn't see them actually arrive, they just seem to have appeared overnight. [u/eDaveUK]
15) After more and more workers go missing in the sewers, it turns out, that a family of were-rats has made themselves feel at home. [u/Rubikow]
16) After some people were reported missing, a whole subway train full of passengers never arrives at the next station. It turns out that a mimic has found its way into this world and is now hunting in the subway. [u/Rubikow]
17) A bank is robbed and hostages are taken. The robbers are Kobolds and they are the minions of a small red dragon that now lives in the vault. [u/Rubikow]
18) Turns out, the new political candidate for the city major's post is using magic and mind control to charm the people, so they vote for him. [u/Rubikow]
19) A group of sentient awakened animals are stealing food from the houses in the suburbs amd people nearby are turning to stone. The druid that awakened them has only tested his magic on them before he polymorphed himself into a basilisk. [u/Rubikow]
20) People go missing in the botanical garden as plant creatures turn them into one of them. [u/Rubikow]
21) Award winning novel author David Blake vanished in the middle of a party where he was supposed to present his new book: "The invisible". [u/Rubikow]
22) A Troglodyte has built its lair on a local dumping site and is hunting people there. [u/Rubikow]
23) Murders in the museum lead to some strange statues in a new exhibit. Those are gargoyles, hunting the people of the nightshift. [u/Rubikow]
24) The death rate in one of the hospital suddenly spikes. The bandaged patient turns out to be a mummy, sucking the life from others at night. [u/Rubikow]
25) The dumpster trucks of the local garbage collection unit suddenly seem to have an infinite load capacity which makes the unit more effective. Turns out the new boss is an artificer, that installed bags of holding inside the trucks. Sadly he also opened a demonic portal at the dumping site, to dump the garbage in there. The demon is not pleased. [u/Rubikow]
26) A new drug is sold in a derelict factory, turning it into a huge crack house full of hostile junkies... only they are no junkies but zombies and the drug dealer turns out to be an evil necromancer. (Taken from your description) [u/Rubikow]
27) The prison has a high rate of releasing former convicts as perfect citizens after a very short time. Turns out, the souls of the convicts are replaced with the souls of dead elves by an elven warlock, disguised as a psychologist, in a dark ritual. The harvested souls are sacrificed to a demon that the elf has a pact with. [u/Rubikow]
28) A witch is brewing working love potions but one of the ingredients comes from a captured Chuul... only it is not captured anymore. [u/Rubikow]
29) The fire department is hunting an arsonist, not knowing that it is a fire elemental under the control of a gnome wizard. [u/Rubikow]
30) A little girl with a Sailor Moon obsession has gotten her hands on a rod of wonder.
31) A five-alarm fire is raging in the tenement apartment district and growing larger, threatening to consume the whole district. On top of this, the tenants and firefighters are reporting that they were attacked by someone, or something, inside the building. The fire was started by faulty wiring, but the original victim has become an ash wraith (Urban Arcana, pg. 201) and is burning down everyone and everything in a fit of rage, with its victims turning into ash wraiths and exasperating the problem.
32) A protest of the tearing down of the public park is starting to take an unusual and violent turn. It started with a group of environmentalists chaining themselves to the trees. When the construction workers arrived they tried to convince the protesters to leave, only to end up joining the protest themselves. When the police were called in the construction workers fought back with their tools, injuring several officers. Strangely enough, some of the officers ended up joining the protest as well. The riot squad is being called in, with SWAT on standby. The the protesters, several who are other-worlders, are actually defending the park on behalf of their dryad friend, who has charmed the construction workers and police officers to aid in the park's defense.
33) The president has been replaced by a doppleganger, when people find out, many call for its destruction, but surprisingly even more people want to keep it around bout it because its policies are better. [u/sirkibblesnbits]
34) A child at the local kindergarten brought a cockatrice for show and tell. The teacher was speechless. So was the rest of the class... in a way. [u/sirkibblesnbits]
35) Children are visiting a 'Harry Potter Studio Tour' when they look at just how realistic all of props have become, especially the monsters. Luckily, they stay quite still. After all, it's all fun and games until one of the children picks up a newly switched 'wand prop' and casts fireball. [u/Aquashinez]
36) People are getting rather suspicious over their neighbor; he's been in town for as long as they can remember - but never seems to age. He's also never had any form of beard, no matter how fashionable they are. Also, they keep spouting nonsensical proverbs that make zero sense. And he struggles way too much with the TV. [u/Aquashinez]
37) There is a campaign to cut down a bunch of oak trees whose roots are damaging public property - little do they know the 'trees' are actually treants, who aren't going down without a fight. [u/Aquashinez]
38) A small family of blink dogs are up to mischief at the park, stealing food from people and teleporting away.
39) A bullied kid gets its hand on some gloves of strength and tries to be a kick-ass superhero. [u/Rubikow]
40) A mad scientist captures magic creatures and tries to extract their magic in harmful and cruel ways. [u/Rubikow]
41) A super rich person is rich because their pact demon gives them insight into the future stock exchange market. In exchange, the social media software, developed by the company of the rich person is slowly consuming the soul of the users. [u/Rubikow]
42) A fey is behind a manufacturer of teddy bears. The bears consume the dreams of the children and give them to the fey, leaving the children catatonic and depressed. [u/Rubikow]
43) A group of escaped shapechanger convicts slowly replaces the police officers in a small town to get control over the town. [u/Rubikow]
44) A kraken is released inside the main attraction of a water fun park. [u/Rubikow]
45) A weaponized metal golem escapes from a military research facility together with the tiefling wizard that created it. Both are heading for a big City. [u/Rubikow]
46) An orcish biker gang is attacked by a sworn elven orc hunter on a path of vengeance. [u/Rubikow]
47) A group of treeants is killing workers in a rain forest that try to destroy the trees. [u/Rubikow]
48) Glyphs of warding have been casted onto the presidents plane. If it lands, it will explode. [u/Rubikow]
49) A circle of hags is creating a viral media challenge for Halloween, that is a disguised conjuration ritual. If enough people join in, an evil and ancient deity will manifest in this world. [u/Rubikow]
50) An orphan boy and his older sister are making trouble. The girl only wants to protect her brother but she cannot control her wildmagic and leaves a trail of havoc and destruction. [u/Rubikow]
51) Something is slaughtering the livestock on the farms nearby while they sleep in their locked stables. It turns out a pack of blink-dogs have made the farms their hunting ground. [u/Rubikow]
52) One of the top managers of a financial institution is a disguised gold dragon. All convicts, that have ever tried to steal from him are suddenly dying one after another. (He is now trying to summon his family with an ancient ritual that needs a lot of blood sacrifices.) [u/Rubikow]
53) A bunch of bandits and gangsters suddenly use spell scrolls when they attack or doing heists. A dwarven wizard has taken the lead of that group and tries to make them more efficient. [u/Rubikow]
54) It turns out the new eco friendly autonomous cars everyone is driving are in fact constructs, created by the boss of the company, who is a warlock that has a pact with his future self. The cars will transform into an army on his word and the plan is to take over the land within the next month. [u/Rubikow]
55) The international space station is in trouble as the newest experiment about magic in space has opened a portal to another dimension and something is trying to push through. Something big. [u/Rubikow]
56) An accidental wish spell of a small boy has stopped earth's rotation around itself (revolution). The effects will be cataclysmic if earth does not start spinning again, but the boy wished that the earth should stop turning until his soldier dad is back from a mission. [u/Rubikow]
57) Rumors start spreading of a nocturnal bat like vigilante, only this one doesn't seem to care if the villains die. After seeing the movies and reading the comics, an actual humanoid bat monster has decided to keep its territory free of criminals. [u/World_of_Ideas]
58) The local medical examiner was almost fired for reporting that several bodies that showed up at the morgue were aliens. They were forced to take some time off and see a shrink. After returning to work, they learned to keep their mouth shut. They are keeping secret journals on all the (abnormals, aliens) that show up at the morgue. They now have detailed autopsy records on 7 distinct non-human humanoid species. [u/World_of_Ideas]
59) The local vampire leaders have put a bounty on one of their own. The vampire in question is creating new vampires without authorization, and turning them loose on an unsuspecting world. There have been several deaths as a result. Also, the increase in the vampire population is putting a strain on the local blood banks. [u/World_of_Ideas]
60) A gang of druids are tagging buildings with Druidic, what could they say? [u/Scythekid96]
61) A human and a roach thrall are genuinely in love with each other. They seek a way to have children without having to parasitically oviposit in anyone. [u/semiurge]
62) A local land developer is using their connections to prevent investment in specific areas so they can buy up the land at fire sale prices, as the infrastructure collapses. Unbeknownst anyone else the properties being developed shall once completed, form the Yellow Sign. Dedicating the entire city, and its unsuspecting population, to the court of the King in Yellow. During construction madness starts to spread with increasing intensity. Once completed a strange figure will arrive, The Emissary, and chaos followed with it. [u/Then-Cicada-5029]
63) Several dozen urban wendigos (Urban Arcana, pg. 242) have formed a savage proto-civilization in the abandoned subway tunnels.
64) A faction of a corporation who shall remain un-named due to their litigious nature is believed to have allied with a (also very litigious and thus to remain un-named) religion; performing dark rituals in order to increase their ad-retention in regards to a certain chain of Fast Food Restaurants. The only problem is, we're certain the restaurant chain didn't exist last week, and now it does. [u/MaxSizeIs]
65) The staff of a certain location of a fast-food franchise that the PC's occasionally visit, suddenly undergoes some significant turnover. You aren't exactly sure if the incomprehensible groaning you hear coming from the drive-thru menu speaker is that of a ghoul, or not. One of the players finds a fingernail in their meal though. [u/MaxSizeIs]
66) A colony of VERY feral pixies loosely aligned with the Winter Court have taken up residence above the entryway to one of the PC's homes, along with their swarm of semi-domesticated striges that the once nomadic, dark-fey keep. Killing the stirges will directly impact the fey, insult their culture, and hurt them economically; they sell them, and farm them for food and materials. The fey aren't doing much to make themselves sympathetic though, and are seemingly refusing to embrace the non-fey norms of "civilization" and the.. you know.. unspoken rules.. about not keeping dangerous vermin swarms above people's entryways. [u/MaxSizeIs]
67) A rust monster has taken up residence in the local junk-yard, and many of the piles of rusted scrap metal have become unstable. The players need to clear it out, before all the scrap value is lost to the beast. [u/MaxSizeIs]
68) The power keeps going out. A lightning elemental has begun nesting around one of the neighborhood power substations. There's a bounty on the creatures, but also.. some asshole thinks it's okay to destroy the very expensive and very critical infrastructure hardware, and the players might need to talk the fool down from causing more damage. [u/MaxSizeIs]
69) A madmage crafts a ball of mirrors. Those struck by light bouncing of the mirror ball are compelled to dance. The players must get through the convulsing crowd if they want to stop this madness. The mage poised somewhere nearby to protect the artifact. [u/Leif-Colbry]
submitted by Moon_Dew to d100 [link] [comments]


2023.01.21 17:32 seweli Now that we ESL speakers outnumber native speakers, why wouldn't we choose our pronunciation?

Now that we ESL speakers outnumber native speakers, why wouldn't we choose our pronunciation? submitted by seweli to auxlangs [link] [comments]


2022.11.10 01:13 Agnes_Bramble04 My thoughts on the new book line up

Kiss of death
So, Choices has finally created their own Mafia inspired story, neat-o. I'm actually quite excited, the premise reminds of the classic Romeo and Juliette formula, which I don't think has ever really taken center stage in a Choices book before, not to mention I'm a sucker for mafia tales. Also, the fact our MC will be as badass as the LI is an added bonus.
Getaway Girls
This is, supposedly, the "Black Lead" book, and, with a title like that, it gives off "The Heist: Monaco" crossed with "Bachelorette Party", which makes for an amazingly fun combination, hopefully the representation will be just as entertainingly good.
Roomates with benefits
I'm strangely excited for this book. I think it will be able to be very fun (and saucy) if done right, of course, we may also have another TNA or Surrender on our hands, but still, I have hope. (Also I sure hope it's GoC)
First comes love
Idk why, but this title reminds of a figure of speech, something like a proverb, which makes me think it's some sort of family book, maybe the spiritual sequel to MoTY: "Parent of the Year". Dealing with themes of divorce and realising the love of your family should be before the love of a significant other.
submitted by Agnes_Bramble04 to Choices [link] [comments]


2022.10.26 02:54 Moon_Dew [Let's Build] d100 Events, Encounters, and Plot Seeds in a Urban Arcana-like setting

For those who don't know what Urban Arcana is. Basically think Torchwood, Special Unit 2, Primeval, Beforeigners, Les Visiteurs (or it's US remake, Just Visiting), and... pretty much any anime or manga of the reverse isekai genre.
A world much like our own has been experiencing a phenomena for the past century, where our world has been coming into contact with a world of fantasy, with beings and objects from that world bleeding into ours. The reason most people are unaware of this, however, is that the incursions are usually small and localized, with only small groups of beings at most coming into our world, and that most people in our world have a sort of "weirdness filter" that rationalizes what they see into something more mundane (Orcs are just big, ugly people. Zombies are just crazed drug addicts. The explosion was caused by a grenade or gas leak instead of a fireball spell. Of course, seeing something truly unexplainable, such as a demonic summoning or a disguised dragon showing their true form, would overload and forever shatter this filter, "awakening" the witness to the truth of the world.) This phenomena is not unique and, indeed, has happened many times before in the past, leading to the rise of the various myths and legends of yore.
Most of the people who end up in our world are just ordinary people (even if not necessarily human) like us, scared and confused, trying to survive in this new world. Of course many evil beings are being brought forth to our world as well, either by this mysterious phenomena or summoned by the other-worlders. Dragons rule the boardrooms, vampires run the night clubs, the head of the local mafia is a mind flayer, goblins are waging gangwars against the kobolds, and a teenaged wannabe witch has gotten her hands on a real spellbook. Indeed, there are, once more, monsters going bump in the night... and there are heroes ready to bump back.
1) The Book of Vile Darkness has ended up in the hands of a bullied teen.
2) A halfling is pretending to be a lost child in order to distract the police while her gang picks the pockets of the crowd at the park.
3) A famous haunted house attraction has become haunted for real! Fortunately most of the ghost are harmless, simply wanting to scare people for fun. Unfortunately, one of the ghosts is a famous serial killer planning to continue their killing spree.
4) An occult store has recently come into possession of a mummified human hand. The owner, thinking nothing of it, has put it up for display behind the counter. The hand is actually The Hand of Vecna, and the local necromancer cabal is interested.
5) In the redlight district several Johns (and even a few Janes) have been turning up dead. There's no obvious cause of death in any of them, but all of their faces were frozen in fear. A succubus has made the district her hunting grounds.
6) Bad Dreams and Keeping Up Disappearances: an entire neighborhood suffers them, and they are all quite similar. When people go missing, the dreams become stronger, and the shadows in the alleys get deeper. One week after going missing the bodies appear, still warm, and in sequence, always 1 week after disappearance... [u/MaxSizeIs]
7) It's All Fun and Games Until Someone Finds a Baby in the Dumpster: Someone finds a lot of babies in the dumpster and they're all disfigured, mangled, and discolored. They're goblin spawn, but lack the metamagical spark that is required for life... [u/MaxSizeIs]
8) The Blind Watchmaker: dangerous monsters are blending in, hidden in plain sight, waiting to strike -- their attacks are happening more often, but the perpetrators aren't being found. If that's not bad enough, now ordinary, everyday people are suddenly committing atrocities and then disappearing, or dying in suspicious suicides after being suddenly grotesquely deformed... the authorities are afraid and keeping a lid on it, but rumors on the street are that someone can change you.. can "unlock your potential" and grant you powers beyond normal, for a seemingly low price... [u/MaxSizeIs]
9) I Dream of Djinni: Someone rubbed a lamp. Bad things happened, and the Djinni, or whatever it is is is free. Now you are told that you must kill the one who woke the terrible evil, in order to stop it from spreading.. the only problem is the one alleged to have rubbed the lamp turns up dead, and the Djinn is still on the loose! [u/MaxSizeIs]
10) An isolated community known for being a sleepy town on the edge of nowhere, where nothing ever happens, has a string of grisly cannibalistic murders. The party must break a conspiracy of a Wendigo cult, and kill the wendigo at the heart! [u/MaxSizeIs]
11) A wood elf druid has joined an eco-terrorist group and is using their power over nature to destroy construction sites, injuring and even killing the workers and damaging city infrastructure.
12) A gang of goblins has robbed a fireworks factory of its product. Exactly what they're planning to do with the fireworks is anyone's guess, but it's likely someone (most likely the goblins themselves) will get hurt if they're not stopped.
13) Where's the Beef? Walking Down the Street: A fledgling necromancer has, as a prank, reanimated the contents of a slaughterhouse. The resulting undead are harmless, but it's causing quite a panic.
14) Circus's are traditionally the home of the bizarre and unusual, giants, midgets, painted ladies, fortune tellers, magicians. So roll up, roll up. Chipperfield's Circus is in town next week. What are those strange animals? How does that thing fly? We didn't see them actually arrive, they just seem to have appeared overnight. [u/eDaveUK]
15) After more and more workers go missing in the sewers, it turns out, that a family of were-rats has made themselves feel at home. [u/Rubikow]
16) After some people were reported missing, a whole subway train full of passengers never arrives at the next station. It turns out that a mimic has found its way into this world and is now hunting in the subway. [u/Rubikow]
17) A bank is robbed and hostages are taken. The robbers are Kobolds and they are the minions of a small red dragon that now lives in the vault. [u/Rubikow]
18) Turns out, the new political candidate for the city major's post is using magic and mind control to charm the people, so they vote for him. [u/Rubikow]
19) A group of sentient awakened animals are stealing food from the houses in the suburbs amd people nearby are turning to stone. The druid that awakened them has only tested his magic on them before he polymorphed himself into a basilisk. [u/Rubikow]
20) People go missing in the botanical garden as plant creatures turn them into one of them. [u/Rubikow]
21) Award winning novel author David Blake vanished in the middle of a party where he was supposed to present his new book: "The invisible". [u/Rubikow]
22) A Troglodyte has built its lair on a local dumping site and is hunting people there. [u/Rubikow]
23) Murders in the museum lead to some strange statues in a new exhibit. Those are gargoyles, hunting the people of the nightshift. [u/Rubikow]
24) The death rate in one of the hospital suddenly spikes. The bandaged patient turns out to be a mummy, sucking the life from others at night. [u/Rubikow]
25) The dumpster trucks of the local garbage collection unit suddenly seem to have an infinite load capacity which makes the unit more effective. Turns out the new boss is an artificer, that installed bags of holding inside the trucks. Sadly he also opened a demonic portal at the dumping site, to dump the garbage in there. The demon is not pleased. [u/Rubikow]
26) A new drug is sold in a derelict factory, turning it into a huge crack house full of hostile junkies... only they are no junkies but zombies and the drug dealer turns out to be an evil necromancer. (Taken from your description) [u/Rubikow]
27) The prison has a high rate of releasing former convicts as perfect citizens after a very short time. Turns out, the souls of the convicts are replaced with the souls of dead elves by an elven warlock, disguised as a psychologist, in a dark ritual. The harvested souls are sacrificed to a demon that the elf has a pact with. [u/Rubikow]
28) A witch is brewing working love potions but one of the ingredients comes from a captured Chuul... only it is not captured anymore. [u/Rubikow]
29) The fire department is hunting an arsonist, not knowing that it is a fire elemental under the control of a gnome wizard. [u/Rubikow]
30) A little girl with a Sailor Moon obsession has gotten her hands on a rod of wonder.
31) A five-alarm fire is raging in the tenement apartment district and growing larger, threatening to consume the whole district. On top of this, the tenants and firefighters are reporting that they were attacked by someone, or something, inside the building. The fire was started by faulty wiring, but the original victim has become an ash wraith (Urban Arcana, pg. 201) and is burning down everyone and everything in a fit of rage, with its victims turning into ash wraiths and exasperating the problem.
32) A protest of the tearing down of the public park is starting to take an unusual and violent turn. It started with a group of environmentalists chaining themselves to the trees. When the construction workers arrived they tried to convince the protesters to leave, only to end up joining the protest themselves. When the police were called in the construction workers fought back with their tools, injuring several officers. Strangely enough, some of the officers ended up joining the protest as well. The riot squad is being called in, with SWAT on standby. The the protesters, several who are other-worlders, are actually defending the park on behalf of their dryad friend, who has charmed the construction workers and police officers to aid in the park's defense.
33) The president has been replaced by a doppleganger, when people find out, many call for its destruction, but surprisingly even more people want to keep it around bout it because its policies are better. [u/sirkibblesnbits]
34) A child at the local kindergarten brought a cockatrice for show and tell. The teacher was speechless. So was the rest of the class... in a way. [u/sirkibblesnbits]
35) Children are visiting a 'Harry Potter Studio Tour' when they look at just how realistic all of props have become, especially the monsters. Luckily, they stay quite still. After all, it's all fun and games until one of the children picks up a newly switched 'wand prop' and casts fireball. [u/Aquashinez]
36) People are getting rather suspicious over their neighbor; he's been in town for as long as they can remember - but never seems to age. He's also never had any form of beard, no matter how fashionable they are. Also, they keep spouting nonsensical proverbs that make zero sense. And he struggles way too much with the TV. [u/Aquashinez]
37) There is a campaign to cut down a bunch of oak trees whose roots are damaging public property - little do they know the 'trees' are actually treants, who aren't going down without a fight. [u/Aquashinez]
38) A small family of blink dogs are up to mischief at the park, stealing food from people and teleporting away.
39) A bullied kid gets its hand on some gloves of strength and tries to be a kick-ass superhero. [u/Rubikow]
40) A mad scientist captures magic creatures and tries to extract their magic in harmful and cruel ways. [u/Rubikow]
41) A super rich person is rich because their pact demon gives them insight into the future stock exchange market. In exchange, the social media software, developed by the company of the rich person is slowly consuming the soul of the users. [u/Rubikow]
42) A fey is behind a manufacturer of teddy bears. The bears consume the dreams of the children and give them to the fey, leaving the children catatonic and depressed. [u/Rubikow]
43) A group of escaped shapechanger convicts slowly replaces the police officers in a small town to get control over the town. [u/Rubikow]
44) A kraken is released inside the main attraction of a water fun park. [u/Rubikow]
45) A weaponized metal golem escapes from a military research facility together with the tiefling wizard that created it. Both are heading for a big City. [u/Rubikow]
46) An orcish biker gang is attacked by a sworn elven orc hunter on a path of vengeance. [u/Rubikow]
47) A group of treeants is killing workers in a rain forest that try to destroy the trees. [u/Rubikow]
48) Glyphs of warding have been casted onto the presidents plane. If it lands, it will explode. [u/Rubikow]
49) A circle of hags is creating a viral media challenge for Halloween, that is a disguised conjuration ritual. If enough people join in, an evil and ancient deity will manifest in this world. [u/Rubikow]
50) An orphan boy and his older sister are making trouble. The girl only wants to protect her brother but she cannot control her wildmagic and leaves a trail of havoc and destruction. [u/Rubikow]
51) Something is slaughtering the livestock on the farms nearby while they sleep in their locked stables. It turns out a pack of blink-dogs have made the farms their hunting ground. [u/Rubikow]
52) One of the top managers of a financial institution is a disguised gold dragon. All convicts, that have ever tried to steal from him are suddenly dying one after another. (He is now trying to summon his family with an ancient ritual that needs a lot of blood sacrifices.) [u/Rubikow]
53) A bunch of bandits and gangsters suddenly use spell scrolls when they attack or doing heists. A dwarven wizard has taken the lead of that group and tries to make them more efficient. [u/Rubikow]
54) It turns out the new eco friendly autonomous cars everyone is driving are in fact constructs, created by the boss of the company, who is a warlock that has a pact with his future self. The cars will transform into an army on his word and the plan is to take over the land within the next month. [u/Rubikow]
55) The international space station is in trouble as the newest experiment about magic in space has opened a portal to another dimension and something is trying to push through. Something big. [u/Rubikow]
56) An accidental wish spell of a small boy has stopped earth's rotation around itself (revolution). The effects will be cataclysmic if earth does not start spinning again, but the boy wished that the earth should stop turning until his soldier dad is back from a mission. [u/Rubikow]
57) Rumors start spreading of a nocturnal bat like vigilante, only this one doesn't seem to care if the villains die. After seeing the movies and reading the comics, an actual humanoid bat monster has decided to keep its territory free of criminals. [u/World_of_Ideas]
58) The local medical examiner was almost fired for reporting that several bodies that showed up at the morgue were aliens. They were forced to take some time off and see a shrink. After returning to work, they learned to keep their mouth shut. They are keeping secret journals on all the (abnormals, aliens) that show up at the morgue. They now have detailed autopsy records on 7 distinct non-human humanoid species. [u/World_of_Ideas]
59) The local vampire leaders have put a bounty on one of their own. The vampire in question is creating new vampires without authorization, and turning them loose on an unsuspecting world. There have been several deaths as a result. Also, the increase in the vampire population is putting a strain on the local blood banks. [u/World_of_Ideas]
60) A gang of druids are tagging buildings with Druidic, what could they say? [u/Scythekid96]
61) A human and a roach thrall are genuinely in love with each other. They seek a way to have children without having to parasitically oviposit in anyone. [u/semiurge]
62) A local land developer is using their connections to prevent investment in specific areas so they can buy up the land at fire sale prices, as the infrastructure collapses. Unbeknownst anyone else the properties being developed shall once completed, form the Yellow Sign. Dedicating the entire city, and its unsuspecting population, to the court of the King in Yellow. During construction madness starts to spread with increasing intensity. Once completed a strange figure will arrive, The Emissary, and chaos followed with it. [u/Then-Cicada-5029]
63) Several dozen urban wendigos (Urban Arcana, pg. 242) have formed a savage proto-civilization in the abandoned subway tunnels.
submitted by Moon_Dew to d100 [link] [comments]


2022.07.13 06:52 lunaclear Thinking about the quote No Legacy is So Rich as Honesty and its link to leadership

https://www.forbes.com/sites/robdube/2018/02/02/why-no-legacy-is-so-rich-as-honesty-when-it-comes-to-leadership/?sh=1b5d507c130d
Thinking about this quote from the article in particular:
"For me it means letting down my guard—it means learning to be present, in the moment, right here, right now. It means learning to do nothing (that’s why it’s the title of my book challenging other entrepreneurs and leaders to take on a meditation practice) instead of trying to solve every problem in sight...and some that aren’t even on the horizon."
Relating it to the series:
Pete never explains why he got this quote as a tattoo, at least in the series. I have not read the novel but I gathered that he has the tattoo on his chest in the novel while in the series, it's on his hip. Beyond how those who adapted the novel may have wanted to choreograph the movements of the actors in the scene where the tattoo was discussed, there is an interesting contrast in implications between having words on your chest (more of a declaration) vs. words on your hip (more private yet a secret weapon in a way).
From what I understand, the series added many, different layers to characters, while narrowing down time for side couples to critical moments, not leaving a lot of margin for a love story to breathe otherwise. The characterization of Pete in the series is considered "darker" because he has a backstory of abuse that explains why he represses and self-effaces himself through smiles, at least until Vegas gets under his skin. It makes sense that what inspires and frustrates this version of Pete is better hidden and more elusive because he has even higher emotional barriers for self-defense that are uniquely related to the abuse backstory.
How does this quote have value in this series?
Well - beyond highlighting the value of honesty which all the characters need (esp. Kinn when it comes to vulnerability to love), I'd argue Pete shows the value of the quote in all the choices he makes by the end of the series, and how that is a really positive message in a world that can otherwise be so cynical about how those with power hold that over those with less power.
Pete is a follower but more of a senior follower / middle manager in a way. He's spent years in his job (which is no joke, surviving a risky job), he's loyal, competent and reliable - and he takes his job seriously while being humorous and friendly.
Pete's added backstory makes it clear that Pete is no stranger to unfair and uneven power dynamics, but even without having to know that, it's clear that Pete has navigated being a bodyguard well, which is part of why he is a good guide to Porsche. In a game where even the mafia family members are pawns with little control, the bodyguards have even less agency and power. Pete doesn't seek sympathy about his weak position beyond complaining about Tankhun's objectively odd quirks.
Despite being lower on the totem pole and being aware of that position, Pete ends up being making a world of difference for others, even to those who are ready to look down on him. I like that Pete is not bothered about ignored when it gets him what he wants, especially if it means avoiding bad attention. Once he has all of Vegas's negative attention, he deals with it admirably well but only breaks when his grandmother gets threatened. Later on, when you think about it, Pete also only veers away from doing what he is supposed to do, whether that's escaping capture or focusing on major family's goals when he sees Vegas being under threat (whether externally or internally).
It's the honesty that Pete gives Vegas, about surviving trauma from abusive fathers, about how he desires Vegas, about Vegas having choices, and how he doesn't want to give up Vegas despite everything, that helps Vegas to realize that it's not foolish to believe in honesty and that he can receive love despite it feeling (and perhaps being) impossible for him to deserve love.
Going back to the Forbes article quote: as much as it has been risky for Pete to lower his guard and to be present with Vegas, despite him being lower in the power structure, Pete absolutely is showing valuable leadership in a mafia world that probably doesn't and can't value non-toxic leadership enough. Isn't it very lucky though that Vegas got to get that from Pete, especially when his father, for all that he is the head of the minority family, never expressed care properly and never lowered any guard with Vegas. That is a great way to raise a person to be so volatile that they can implode or explode on others with violence and deception, but it's not great for much else.
To see Pete get the chance to grab Vegas at his low moments and rescue any potential of who Vegas can be - feels as important as any act from a leader could be, whether that leadership role has a title or not. It also feels as transformational as any spiritual ritual* can be.
While Pete and Vegas may never be "redeemed" characters (this is a mafia setting where they have caused harm and killed people), still, for them to find what peace and love unlocked from abuse that they can find is all I'd wish for them (and so much therapy, please).
I hope this helps you think about the quote "No Legacy is So Rich as Honesty" and please be willing to go into your thoughts on that quote as well in the comments below!
*Background thought to go with what spirituality this series explores (quite lightly, which is better than being too heavy-handed, I would think): I think that the religious references that go with the VP story (the temple merit-making scene, Vegas's satanic office and witchcraft shirt, the pool-side scene with the water imagery possibly alluding to baptism and re-birth) all present appropriate visual cues that these characters are wrestling a lot with spiritual topics, even if not articulated with one religion in mind - for example, I think that how to find positive meaning and self-love in dark and abusive situations is a spiritual topic. For reasons like this, I don't think the series is attempting to overly romanticize the VP relationship in an irresponsible way. Surely, there is a lot of obvious DO NOT DO THIS AT HOME aspects regarding how this couple push and pull each other over control issues. VP is an intense fictional relationship that tries for sex positivity without condoning the errors the characters make, and for that reason, I think their existence as a secondary couple triggers a lot of healthy introspection, even in a fiction with a bl mafia setting.
ADDING THIS ON JULY 14, 2022:
https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/explain-this-quotation-from-a-shakespeare-play-no-72539
So while the quote is often used as a proverb, in its original work, the quote is full of double-meanings and is being used cynically by the speaker in the Shakespeare play.
SO, VEGAS SAYING only fools believe in honesty - IS ACCURATE WITH THE CONTEXT OF THE QUOTE IN THE SHAKESPEARE PLAY IT WAS FROM. That fits with him being portrayed as a reader in the series as well.
And really - Vegas despite his messiness IS someone who has seen mafia leadership as a family member for a much longer time than Pete. He understands the brutality and nastiness of it, especially if the minor family has to do the dirty work and he's right to look at those with the majority family as entitled and naive if they don't understand the full darkness of the world Vegas has to manage and survive in.
Pete, still, proves the proverb right despite this cynical history. While the pun in the Shakespeare play is all about calculation and deception despite sounding like it's about something far better than those things (sound just like Vegas, doesn't it?), Pete risks treating that quote sincerely despite its cynical origin, risks taking honesty seriously and being called a fool for it and risks giving honesty even though it goes against every impulse he has to protect himself from the world disappointing him more.
Honesty is what helps him take a bet on Vegas at the end and helps him give Vegas a much healthier reason to live for.
So, I still stand behind my prior analysis but just wanted to add this extra layer b/c it's so fascinating.
submitted by lunaclear to kinnporsche [link] [comments]


2022.06.23 15:04 Staehr Commonwealth of Man, part 6

Previous
Year 2290, REDACTED REDACTED, Sol system, Sol sector United Nations of Earth
Mr. Indigo's 40 years of service kept him from facepalming. He jabbed his fork into the tofu and crossed his hands. “And just as I was getting my hopes up that you might not be yet another twinkle-toed know-it-all. Forget the books, kiddo. Use your head. Why do you think I’m showing you this twenty years old video right now? What’s going on in the Galactic Senate at the moment?”
Jack racked his brain, but couldn’t figure it out. This was all looking like more than he had signed up for. A peaceful post in one of the fiefdoms, where he could practice his hobby inbetween diplomatic meetings, that’s what he had hoped. Not this.
“The Security Contractors resolution? I’m sorry, sir. I don’t get it.”
Mr. Indigo lifted up his holoslate and wiggled it. “That battle there? That wasn’t rigged. Four half-naked gladiators really did kill one of the most unstoppable predators we’ve yet to catalogue. And then, what do you think happened? Did the admiralty silently chuck their new princess out of an airlock, and continued the embargo under an immortal figurehead?”
Jack knew better than to nod.
His mentor leaned closer. “No. They immediately stepped down, gave her full command of the fleets and went back to their posts. How many military juntas in history can you think of who actually did that? Not a single goddamn one. So that old bread and circus line, which is what my bosses also gave me at first, that’s a load of hogwash. Somehow, the Commonwealth kept their ethos alive through all those dark years, and that means they’re far from the savages we portray them as. They’re much more dangerous than you can imagine.”
Mr. Indigo automatically took a bite of his now tepid meal, swallowed and continued.
“And then, their new Imperatrix, first thing she did on the job was to set off for the Prospectoriums. She didn’t have to do anything back home, because the mafia disbanded and relinquished control over the planets that very same day. Again, unprecedented in all of human history. Once she got there, her armies swept through each planet like a locust swarm, executing any and all Pobelin they could find, scooping up all human slaves and returning them home."
"Right. Of course. Genocide. Under the guise of liberation. The whole species?" Jack was seething. Devouring swarms and rogue defense systems, yes. Sentient beings? Never. No one was beyond redemption.
"Down to their last eggs and larvae. Meanwhile, cities were rebuilt, irrigation systems and factories established, proper laws laid down. New planets were conquered, colonies founded. With no interspecies tension left to fuel their war, the Vhellet soon resumed their old role as a feeder state, and the Commonwealth prospered. Ten years later, you wouldn’t have known there had been so much as a dip in their daily output.”
“It’s like they’re a… hivemind.
“Now you get it. All those worst traits of humanity that they exhibit, the bloodthirst, the greed, the savagery. Somehow, behind all that, there’s a single, beating heart. Vision. Focus. Purpose. Very much unlike all the finger-wagging and ass-covering our public servants do for a living, and also why it takes them ten years to do what the Commonwealth can get done in half a summer. And that’s why the President has finally stopped playing golf in the evenings, and why you and I are having this conversation.”
Jack suddenly had a very bad feeling. He pulled out his slate and checked the Galactic Democracy app. “We voted against the Security Contractors resolution… but it's still looking like it'll pass? But, wouldn't that be in our favor anyway, to discourage militaristic societies?” He had been wondering about that.
“Yeah. But no. Because we didn’t want to give the galaxy’s drunk, violent uncle another railgun to play with. They have one enclave already, and it's the size of two of our regular fleets. If they got a second one, they'd have a monopoly on galactic warfare. So we killed the proposal. But, three weeks ago, for the first time in history, the Commonwealth voted in a galactic resolution. Everyone was surprised when they showed up, with the Lagin'Chuuz and the Vhellet in tow. And they outweighed us, kid. By more than half. There's no way it'll fail."
Jack was mortified. “And… that’s where we’re going, right? To the Commonwealth! Those… maniacs! That’s where they’re sending us!” He closed his eyes.
Mr. Indigo almost displayed his emotions. Which would be another galactic first. “Yeah. But there’s one more thing you gotta know, kid.”
“What.”
“Remember when I said they never returned our calls? They also didn’t return our envoys. Any other species are simply shooed away, but our emissaries, they never came back. And I’m ashamed it took us so long to figure it out, but our latest intel gives us a pretty good idea of why.”
“Why?"
“You know the old saying, don’t shoot the messenger?”
“Of course. Doesn’t seem like the Commonwealth hold much stock in that.”
“Believe it or not, they do. They actually regard old Earth proverbs like that very highly, it’s the closest thing they have to a religious canon. Their one and only art college is named Sun Tzu's School of War."
“What’s your point.”
“You’ve seen enough to know how they think by now. Everything is about strength in combat to them, everyone’s mettle must be tested. So they didn’t test our envoys in ranged combat. They tested them in melee combat.”
Horror spread across Jack Bensley’s face. “No.”
“Young, with no family. Black belt in full-contact karate. The UFC champion of New India, Sirius Prime. And you've got a master’s degree in xeno-diplomacy. Our other envoys can barely do a pullup. I can't believe I'm saying this, kiddo, but right now you're our best hope. You're the Chosen One, and I get to be Mr. fucking Miyagi.”
Next
submitted by Staehr to Stellaris [link] [comments]


2022.03.09 20:33 hanhdung2706 Low quality translation of if魔フィア character sheet

Wicked House (sorry, but I really don’t know the controversy regarding them. I can’t ask anyone here since it would break the rule of this subreddits) translated the original sheet to Vietnamese, so I used their translation to translate it into English. There will be slight differences due to: 1. The limitations of these languages or my understanding 2. I prioritize making the English sounds as close as possible to what little Japanese I happen to recognize. However, since I’m a Vietnamese, there’re probably many errors in this version. I appreciate spotting these errors and wording suggestions!

Iruma

Once an orphan living in the slum. One day, he found Sullivan unconscious and bleeding in an alley. They stayed together for a few days while Iruma nursed him back to health... The next day, he was pushed into a luxurious black car; in a daze, he was driven to the headquarter of “Babyl” (I have no idea why Nishi omitted the “s”), a Mafia gang run by Sullivan. “From this day, you’re my grandson.” Since then, he received the underworld’s education under Sullivan’s guidance and has been through hell (figuratively) countless times. Currently, Sullivan has retired, and he is now the leader of “Babyl”. His gun skills is the most remarkable. “Everyone should be able to eat whenever they’re hungry. This should be an obvious thing.”

Opera

Iruma’s personal bodyguard They wear a loose suit for movement ease. They used to lived a life of constant ruckus and mugging, but unfortunately, it all changed one day, when they have beaten around 30 members of Babyl into a pulp. The day they were captured and tortured by the organization was also the day Iruma was brought back by Sullivan. Iruma’s silence has saved their life. Afterward, they became Iruma’s first subordinate and stayed by his side as a bodyguard. Initially, they didn’t like Iruma, but while working together, an unbreakable bond has been formed. Usually, they would call Iruma by “young master”, but when these two are alone, they call him by “Iruma”. They’re annoyed by Kalego’s constant nagging about how much money the organization lost from their ruckus. “I only drink the milk that young master pour for me.” (I think this is literal. There’re no related proverbs in Vietnamese, and all the Japanese fan content I’ve seen depicted this as a literal thing.)

Alice

Once an outstanding undercover police investigator. He was born in a family with a long legacy of policemen, and was vigorously taught in both academics and martial arts; thus, he lived a life thinking only of his mission to destroy evil. For a top-secret investigation, he infiltrated Babyl as a member. Here, after countless exchanges in the underworld, and above all, meeting Iruma, his mindset on what is justice and what is evil has changed. During the police’s operation to destroy Babyl, he figured out that they were planning to sacrifice him and decided to betray them. He tricked the police side and burned alive a number of rounded up investigators in a flame. It was also when he got half of his face burned. Currently, he’s a combatant and battlefield cleanup. He’s one of the few people in the organization that is loyal to Iruma. Should anything related to Iruma arise, he will deal with it right away. Whenever he run into Sabnock, an ex-colleague back in the police, he’d get lectured on “returning to the police”, which gets him very annoyed. “Fire is useful. Everything can be burned away without a trace.”

Clara

Once a circus’s magician and a street performer. The circus got in a lot of debt, so her family got separated from each other. Even though she got sold into a freak show and had to perform dangerous stunts, in order to keep on living in hope of seeing her family again, she tried hard to keep smiling everyday even as a caged clown. She was, in a literal sense, bought by Iruma for her dexterity, physical appearance, resilience, and bravery. She is skillful with weapons, and is nicknamed “the cannonball(?) that will definitely return”. She repay the price of her freedom by working for the organization. However, since it came to her knowledge that Iruma has destroyed the exhibition and is also helping her look for her parents, she deemed that he’s a good guy and have no intent on leaving the organization. Whenever she wants to cling onto Iruma, Alice will get in her way, which she finds annoying. “Smile, smile.”

Kalego

He’s the treasurer of “Babyl” and Iruma’s instructor. A guy who thinks of money as the most important thing. He’s the man in charge of accounting all expenses. Back when Sullivan was the leader, as he was being the treasurer, he had always been secretly embezzling the fund. He planned to take advance of Sullivan’s retirement to leave the underworld with his savings but he was unexpectedly given the responsibility of instructing Iruma by Sullivan. Iruma called him “sensei”. It’s unknown whether his act as a competent and trustworthy member has anything to do with this, but he couldn’t easily leave the organization and is still currently the treasurer. While he was hanging his head and wondering “how the hell did this happen?”, Iruma received a book titled “Kalego-kun manual” (it’s titled the same way appliances’ manual booklet do) from Sullivan. Kalego is said to be very capable so he can’t be skipped. Usually, he lectures Opera, Alice, and Clara for their property damage during work. He finds all executives in the organization annoying. “If you go wild again, I’ll increase your insurance fee.”

Ameri

Once an orphan living in the slum. She’s a childhood friend of Iruma, and has also lived in the slum. Since Iruma’s sudden disappearance one day, she has spent years looking for him. Other than searching for Iruma, she has led the kids of the slum and formed a group of gangsters. While protecting these kids and the security of the slum, she was punched by a scummy adult. She reunited with Iruma in a turn of event, and they formed an alliance in a fluster. She joined under “Babyl” as its subsidiary. She called herself Iruma’s right-hand woman and partner. However, whenever she insists on this, she would get attacked by Alice or Opera, resulting in a fist fight with them. She hates adults who do scummy things and likes Iruma. Whenever she’s patrolling, she would get flirted with by aristocrat Ronove if they happen to meet. Finding it annoying, she has beaten him up countless times. “I’ll protect Iruma. For life.”
submitted by hanhdung2706 to DemonSchoolIrumakun [link] [comments]


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